hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glischrochilus quadrisignatus
Glischrochilus quadrisignatus, known generally as four-spotted sap beetle, is a species of sap-feeding beetle in the family Nitidulidae. Other common names include the beer bug and picnic beetle. It is found in North America.

Four-spotted sap beetles (and other sap beetles) feed on fruits and vegetables that are either damaged, overripe, or decomposing.  At times they can also feed on intact fruits and vegetables after first being attracted to and feeding on the damaged or decomposing fruits and vegetables.  They often leave deep holes in fruits and vegetables.  These look similar to holes made by slugs.

The University of Minnesota Extension program recommends sanitation as the best method for managing sap beetles in a garden.  They also say that pesticides are not very effective and they recommend against using them to manage sap beetles.  Bait traps may be set out as an alternative management option using overripe fruit or other baits.

Sap beetle
The sap beetles, also known as Nitidulidae, are a family of beetles.

They are small (2–6 mm) ovoid, usually dull-coloured beetles, with knobbed antennae. Some have red or yellow spots or bands. They feed mainly on decaying vegetable matter, over-ripe fruit, and sap. Some sap beetle species coexist with fungi species and live in habitats of coniferous trees. These fungi-dependent beetles are found in all across Europe and Siberia and are the biggest nitidulid species known in those areas. Other species like the Australian Chychramptodes murrayi are known to feed on scale insects. There are a few pest species, like the strawberry sap beetle that infest crops in Brazil between the months of August and February.
German West Africa
German West Africa (Deutsch-Westafrika) was an informal designation for the areas in West Africa that were part of the German colonial empire between 1884 and 1919. The term was normally used for the territories of Cameroon and Togo. German West Africa was not an administrative unit. However, in trade and in the vernacular the term was sometimes in use.

German East Africa
German East Africa (GEA; German: Deutsch-Ostafrika DOA) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Mozambique. GEA's area was 994,996 km2 (384,170 sq mi), which is nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time.

The colony was organised when the German military was asked in the late 1880s to put down a revolt against the activities of the German East Africa Company. It ended with Imperial Germany's defeat in World War I. Ultimately the territory was divided amongst Britain, Belgium and Portugal, and was reorganised as a mandate of the League of Nations.
Menorca (Senate constituency)
Menorca is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects one senator. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Menorca. The electoral system uses open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties.

Limited voting
Limited voting (also known as partial block voting) is a voting system in which electors have fewer votes than there are positions available. The positions are awarded to the candidates who receive the most votes.  In the special case in which the voter may vote for only one candidate and there are two or more posts, this system is called the single non-transferable vote or sometimes the strictly limited vote.
Barry Desmond
Barry Desmond (born 15 May 1935) is an Irish former Labour Party politician who was Minister for Health from 1982 to 1987 and Minister for Social Welfare from 1982 to 1986. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1969 to 1989, a Minister of State from 1981 to 1982, a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Dublin from 1989 to 1994, and Ireland's member of the European Court of Auditors from 1994 to 2000.

Minister for Health (Ireland)
The Minister for Health (Irish: An tAire Sláinte) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland and leads the Department of Health. The Minister for Health is responsible for healthcare in Ireland and related services.

The current Minister for Health is Jennifer Carroll MacNeill, TD. She is assisted by:

Mary Butler, TD – Minister of State for mental health

Jennifer Murnane O'Connor, TD – Minister of State for public health, well-being and drugs; and

Kieran O'Donnell, TD – Minister of State for older people
Box–Cox distribution
In statistics, the Box–Cox distribution (also known as the power-normal distribution) is the distribution of a random variable X for which the Box–Cox transformation on X follows a truncated normal distribution. It is a continuous probability distribution having probability density function (pdf) given by

for y > 0, where m is the location parameter of the distribution, s is the dispersion, ƒ is the family parameter, I is the indicator function, Φ is the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution, and sgn is the sign function.

Truncated normal distribution
In probability and statistics, the truncated normal distribution is the probability distribution derived from that of a normally distributed random variable by bounding the random variable from either below or above (or both). The truncated normal distribution has wide applications in statistics and econometrics.
Capitalist (horse)
Capitalist  (foaled 14 September 2013) is a retired Thoroughbred racehorse and active sire trained and bred in Australia. He won the Golden Slipper Stakes, a Group One race. He amassed over three million dollars in winnings.

Golden Slipper Stakes
The Golden Slipper Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race for two-year-old horses run over 1,200 metres on turf at set weights conditions, held at Rosehill Gardens Racecourse in Sydney, Australia. It is the premier two year old race in Australia and is the world's richest race for two-year-old Thoroughbreds. Prize money is A$5,000,000.
Greg James (radio show)
Greg James was a British weekday radio show previously broadcast on BBC Radio 1, starring Greg James as the main presenter. It was broadcast Monday to Thursday from 4:00pm until 7:00pm, which included a 15-minute break for Newsbeat at 5:45pm. The main focus of the show was music and entertainment in the form of features and celebrity interviews. The show achieved a Sony Radio Academy Award in 2014 for 'Best Entertainment Programme' and an ARIA in 2016 for 'Best Entertainment Production'. The final show aired on 19 July 2018 as James went on to present Radio 1 Breakfast.

The Official Chart
The Official Chart is a long-running United Kingdom music chart programme, airing each Friday afternoon on BBC Radio 1.  It airs the UK singles chart compiled by the Official Charts Company.

In July 2015 The Official Chart moved from its traditional Sunday slot to Friday afternoons, to coincide with the global change in new music release dates from Sundays to Fridays. The chart airs between 16:00 and 17:45.
Albert Markov
Albert Markov (Russian: Альберт Александрович Марков), is a Russian American violinist, composer, conductor, and pedagogue. He is the only concert violinist of the 20th and 21st century who composed major music works which are published, performed and recorded commercially  on Sunrise label and published by G. Schirmer. During the time of the Soviet Union he was known as a prominent Soviet classical music artist. Albert Markov began his career as a concert violinist in Russia before immigrating to the United States in 1975.

G. Schirmer, Inc.
G. Schirmer, Inc. is an American classical music publishing company based in New York City, founded in 1861. The oldest active music publisher in the United States, Schirmer publishes sheet music for sale and rental, and represents some well-known European music publishers in North America, such as the Music Sales Affiliates ChesterNovello, Breitkopf & Härtel, Sikorski and many Russian and former Soviet composers' catalogs.
Camilla Martin
Camilla Martin Nygaard (née Martin; born 23 March 1974) is a Danish retired badminton player. She and Lene Køppen, who played two decades earlier, are the only Danish women to have won both the All England and World Championships singles titles.

BWF World Championships
The BWF World Championships is a badminton tournament organized by the Badminton World Federation. It's the most prestigious badminton competition, offering the most ranking points, along with the Summer Olympics badminton events introduced in 1992. The winners of the tournament are World Champions of the sport and are awarded a gold medal.

The tournament started in 1977 and was held once every three years until 1983. However, the International Badminton Federation faced difficulty in hosting the first two events as the World Badminton Federation, which later merged with the IBF to form one badminton federation, hosted the same tournament a year after the IBF World Championships with the same goals.

Since 1985, the tournament became biennial and played once every two years until 2005. Starting 2006, the tournament was changed to an annual event on the BWF calendar. The tournament is not held during the Summer Olympics years to avoid schedule conflicts.
Alfa Romeo 690T engine
The Alfa Romeo 690T is a twin-turbocharged, direct injected, 90° V6 petrol engine designed and produced by Alfa Romeo since 2015. It is used in the high-performance Giulia Quadrifoglio and Stelvio Quadrifoglio models and is manufactured at the Alfa Romeo Termoli engine plant.

Twin-turbo
Twin-turbo is a type of turbo layout in which two turbochargers are used to compress the intake air/fuel mixture (or intake air, in the case of a direct-injection engine). The most common layout features two identical or mirrored turbochargers in parallel, each processing half of a V engine's produced exhaust through independent piping. The two turbochargers can either be matching or different sizes.
Alvin Harrison
Alvin Leonardo Harrison (born January 20, 1974) is an American former track and field athlete who competed in sprinting events. He won a gold medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay at both the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics and a silver medal in the 400 metres at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Peirce Secondary School
Peirce Secondary School (PSS) is a co-educational government secondary school located in Bishan, Singapore. Founded in 1994, Peirce Secondary School is known for its niche in the uniformed groups CCAs.

Co-curricular activity (Singapore)
In Singapore, a co-curricular activity (CCA), is a non-academic activity that all students must undertake as part of their education. Introduced by the Ministry of Education (MOE), CCAs are strongly encouraged at the primary and post-secondary level but compulsory at secondary level. Students can choose from 4 categories: clubs and societies, physical sports, uniformed groups, and visual and performing arts. They may also start their own activities with the school’s approval. Anyone offering enrichment activities to schools must be registered with the MOE.
Los Angeles Wolves
The Los Angeles Wolves were an American professional soccer team that played for two seasons. In 1967 they played in the United Soccer Association, finishing as champions, and in 1968 they were founding members of the North American Soccer League.

Vancouver Royals
The Vancouver Royals were a Canadian professional soccer team based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  Founded in 1967 as the Vancouver Royal Canadians, they were a charter member of the United Soccer Association (USA), and when the USA and rival National Professional Soccer League (NPSL) merged in 1968 to form the North American Soccer League (NASL), the team, rebranded as the Royals, moved to the new league. The Royals played its home matches at the Empire Stadium. The team folded at the conclusion of the 1968 NASL season.
Chotecops
Chotecops is a genus of trilobites from the order Phacopida, suborder Phacopina, family Phacopidae. It was initially erected as a subgenus of Phacops but some later authors thought it distinctive enough to raise its status. Species assigned to this genus occur between the Emsian and the Famennian. Chotecops is the most abundant trilobite in the Hunsrück Slate and due to the excellent preservation, often soft tissue such as antennae and legs have been preserved as a thin sheet of pyrite.

Phacopina
The Phacopina comprise a suborder of the trilobite order Phacopida. Species belonging to the Phacopina lived from the Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian) through the end of the Upper Devonian (Famennian). The one unique feature that distinguishes Phacopina from all other trilobites are the very large, separately set lenses without a common cornea of the compound eye.
Pantuleia gens
The gens Pantuleia, occasionally written Patuleia, was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned during the first century of the Empire.  According to Tacitus, at least some of the Pantuleii were of equestrian rank, but few of them achieved any of the higher offices of the Roman state.

Equites
The equites (/ˈɛkwɪtiːz/; lit. 'horse'  or 'cavalrymen', though sometimes referred to as "knights" in English) constituted the second of the property/social-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class. A member of the equestrian order was known as an eques (Latin: [ˈɛ.kʷɛs]).
Cristy FerMinute
Cristy FerMinute (previously Cristy Per Minute) is a Philippine television talk show broadcast by ABS-CBN. Originally hosted by Cristy Fermin, Ogie Diaz, John Lapus, Gia Garchitorena, Richard Pinlac, MJ Felipe and Martin D, it aired as Cristy Per Minute from February 6, 1995 to January 7, 2000. The show renamed to Cristy FerMinute on radio via Radyo5 92.3 News FM/92.3 Radyo5 True FM/True FM sa 105.9 on November 8, 2010, followed by a television broadcast on AksyonTV from February 28, 2011 to January 11, 2019, One PH from February 18, 2019 to October 2, 2020 and returned since January 11, 2021 and True FM TV/True TV since May 1, 2024. Fermin and Romel Chika currently serve as the hosts.

DWLA-FM
DWLA (105.9 FM), branded as True FM, is a radio station owned by Bright Star Broadcasting Network Corporation, and operated under an airtime lease agreement by TV5 Network, Inc. It serves as the flagship station of True Network, one of the assets of News5. Its studios are located at the TV5 Media Center, Reliance cor. Sheridan Sts., Brgy. Highway Hills, Mandaluyong; its transmitter is located at 125 St. Peter Street, Nuestra Señora de la Paz Subdivision, Brgy. Santa Cruz, Antipolo. Bright Star's sales office is located in Southland Estates, Las Piñas.
Stephenson 2 DFK 1
Stephenson 2 DFK 1, also known as RSGC2-01 or St2-18, is a red supergiant (RSG) or possible extreme red hypergiant (RHG) star in the constellation of Scutum. It lies near the open cluster Stephenson 2, which is located about 5.8 kiloparsecs (19,000 light-years) away from Earth in the Scutum–Centaurus Arm of the Milky Way galaxy, and is assumed to be one of a group of stars at a similar distance, although some studies consider it to be an unrelated or foreground red supergiant.

Scutum (constellation)
Scutum is a small constellation. Its name is Latin for shield, and it was originally named Scutum Sobiescianum by Johannes Hevelius in 1684. Located just south of the celestial equator, its four brightest stars form a narrow diamond shape.  It is one of the 88 IAU designated constellations defined in 1922.
German submarine U-322
German submarine U-322 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She carried out two patrols, sinking one ship of 5,149 gross register tons (GRT) and causing two others totaling 14,367 GRT to be declared total losses.

The boat was sunk on 29 December 1944 by HMCS Calgary in the English Channel.

HMCS Calgary (K231)
HMCS Calgary was a Royal Canadian Navy revised Flower-class corvette which took part in convoy escort duties during the Second World War. Launched on 23 August 1941, she was named for Calgary, Alberta. The ship was commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy on 16 December 1941 and began operations in the Battle of the Atlantic. In 1943, Calgary took part in the sinking of the German submarine U-536 north of the Azores in the Atlantic Ocean. The corvette also took part in Operation Neptune, the naval component of the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944. Decommissioned on 19 June 1945, the ship was sold for scrap later that year and broken up in 1951 at Hamilton, Ontario.
Sakela Rural Municipality
Sakela (Nepali: साकेला गाउँपालिका, Sākēlā Gāum̥pālikā) is a rural municipality (gaunpalika) out of eight rural municipality located in Khotang District of Province No. 1 of Nepal. There are a total of 10 municipalities in Khotang in which 2 are urban and 8 are rural.

According to Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Developme Sakela has an area of 79.99 square kilometres (30.88 sq mi) and the total population of the municipality is 11594 as of Census of Nepal 2011.

Khidima, Chyandanda, Mattim Birta and Ratancha Majhagaun which previously were all separate Village development committee merged to form this new local level body. Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality).

The rural municipality is divided into total 5 wards and the headquarter of this newly formed rural municipality is situated in Mattim Birta.

Mattim Birta
Mattim Birta is a town and Village Development Committee  in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5,021 persons residing in 899 individual households.
Office of the Chief Executive (building)
Office of the Chief Executive is an office building that contains the offices of the Chief Executive of Hong Kong. It is located at 1 Tim Wa Avenue in Admiralty on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island. It is one of three buildings in the Tamar Development Project; the Legislative Council Complex is to its east, while the Central Government Complex is to its south. The open space between these three buildings is preserved as Tamar Park.

The building started operating on 8 August 2011. Before that, the Chief Executive's office operated from Government House in Central.

Legislative Council Complex
The Legislative Council Complex (LegCo Complex) is the seat of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. The complex plays a central role in the legislative process of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), and it has been a focal point for political events and public demonstrations.

The complex is located at 1 Legislative Council Road, Central, Hong Kong and forms part of the Central Government Complex. It sits facing Victoria Harbour. Officially opened in September 2011, it was the first purpose-built building for the Hong Kong legislature, replacing the former Supreme Court Building.
John Frykman
John Harvey Frykman (19 April 1932 – 21 October 2017) was a Lutheran minister and American psychotherapist specializing in brief therapy, medical hypnosis, and family therapy. He was the founding director of the drug treatment program at the Haight Ashbury Free Clinic in San Francisco, California, and is noted for his problem-solving, individualized approach to substance abuse therapy and solution focused brief therapy.

Haight Ashbury Free Clinic
Haight Ashbury Free Clinic, Inc. was a free health care service in Northern California which remained in service from June 7, 1967 until July 2019. It was founded in response to the Summer of Love, and was the first of more than 600 free clinics made over the next decade.
Hirfynydd
Hirfynydd is a 481-metre-high hill in Neath Port Talbot county borough in South Wales. A Roman road, Sarn Helen, runs along its entire northeast–southwest ridge-line, a route followed by a modern-day byway. To its west is Cwm Dulais and to its southeast is the Vale of Neath. The northern end of the ridge falls away to a broad upland vale containing the Afon Pyrddin and beyond which is the Brecon Beacons National Park.

The larger part of the hill is afforested with conifers. In between the plantations are areas of past or present opencasting for coal.

Rights of way in England and Wales
In England and Wales, excluding the 12 Inner London boroughs and the City of London, the right of way is a legally protected right of the public to pass and re-pass on specific paths. Private rights of way or easements also exist.

The law in England and Wales differs from Scots law in that rights of way exist only where they are so designated (or are able to be designated if not already), whereas in Scotland any route that meets certain conditions is defined as a right of way, and in addition, there is a general presumption of access to the countryside (the "right to roam").
Bukit Batok Public Library
Bukit Batok Public Library is located at Bukit Batok on the third floor of West Mall in Singapore, next to Bukit Batok MRT station. This is fifth library of the National Library Board that is located inside a shopping mall. The library was officially opened on 21 November 1998 by Deputy Prime Minister, BG (NS) Lee Hsien Loong.

Bukit Batok
Bukit Batok (IPA: /ˈbʊkɪt ˌbɑːtoʊk/ BUUK-it BAH-tohk), often abbreviated as Bt Batok, is a planning area and residential town located in the eastern part of the West Region of Singapore. Bukit Batok statistically ranks in as the 25th largest, the 10th most populous and the 9th most densely populated planning area in Singapore. It is bordered by six other planning areas - Choa Chu Kang to the north and northwest, Bukit Panjang to the northeast and east, Clementi to the south, Bukit Timah to the southeast, Jurong East to the southwest and Tengah to the west.

Bukit Batok largely sits on Gombak norite, a geological formation that is found in high concentrations within the planning area itself, as well as in the western parts of neighbouring Cashew. It was this presence of the igneous rock that made Bukit Batok a pivotal location for the quarrying industry in Singapore around the turn of the mid-20th century.
Séamus Looney
James V. Looney (1950 – 6 June 2022), known as Séamus Looney, was an Irish former hurler and Gaelic footballer. At club level he played with St Finbarr's and University College Cork and was also a member of the Cork senior teams as a dual player. In spite of a brief senior career, he was one of the most decorated players of his generation having won ten All-Ireland medals at various levels between 1967 and 1975.

UCC GAA
UCC is a football and hurling club associated with University College Cork. UCC teams play in the Cork Senior Football Championship and Cork Senior Hurling Championship as well as the two main third-level competitions namely the Sigerson Cup in football, the Fitzgibbon Cup in hurling and the Ashbourne Cup in camogie.  They also competed against inter-county sides in the pre-season McGrath Cup (football) and Waterford Crystal Cup (hurling). The piratical skull and crossbones logo on the team shirt, which first appeared on the rugby team of what was then known as Queen’s College Cork (composed mostly of medical students, hence the bones) was appropriated in the mid-1910s by the GAA clubs, and in 1929 by the UCC hockey club.