hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Map symbol
A map symbol or cartographic symbol is a graphical device used to visually represent a real-world feature on a map, working in the same fashion as other forms of symbols. Map symbols may include point markers, lines, regions, continuous fields, or text; these can be designed visually in their shape, size, color, pattern, and other graphic variables to represent a variety of information about each phenomenon being represented.

Map symbols simultaneously serve several purposes:

Declare the existence of geographic phenomena

Show location and extent

Visualize attribute information

Add to (or detract from) the aesthetic appeal of the map, and/or evoke a particular aesthetic reaction (a "look and feel")

Establish an overall gestalt order to make the map more or less useful, including visual hierarchy

Field (geography)
In the context of spatial analysis, geographic information systems, and geographic information science, a field is a property that fills space, and varies over space, such as temperature or density. This use of the term has been adopted from physics and mathematics, due to their similarity to physical fields (vector or scalar) such as the electromagnetic field or gravitational field. Synonymous terms include  spatially dependent variable (geostatistics), statistical surface ( thematic mapping), and intensive property (physics and chemistry) and crossbreeding between these disciplines is common.  The simplest formal model for a field is the function, which yields a single value given a point in space (i.e., t = f(x, y, z) )
Prolapse
In medicine, prolapse is a condition in which organs fall down or slip out of place. It is used for organs protruding through the vagina, rectum, or for the misalignment of the valves of the heart. A spinal disc herniation is also sometimes called "disc prolapse". Prolapse means "to fall out of place", from the Latin prolabi meaning "to fall out".

Relating to the uterus, prolapse condition results in an inferior extension of the organ into the vagina, caused by weakened pelvic muscles.

Heart valve
A heart valve (cardiac valve) is a biological one-way valve that allows blood to flow in one direction through the chambers of the heart. A mammalian heart usually has four valves. Together, the valves determine the direction of blood flow through the heart. Heart valves are opened or closed by a difference in blood pressure on each side.

The mammalian heart has two atrioventricular valves separating the upper atria from the lower ventricles: the mitral valve in the left heart, and the tricuspid valve in the right heart. The two semilunar valves are at the entrance of the arteries leaving the heart. These are the aortic valve at the aorta, and the pulmonary valve at the pulmonary artery.

The heart also has a coronary sinus valve and an inferior vena cava valve, not discussed here.
Bauland
The Bauland (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʊlant] ⓘ) is a Gäu landscape in the northeast of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is a natural region within the Neckar and Tauber Gäu Plateaus (major unit 12) in the South German Scarplands.

South German Scarplands
The South German Scarplands is a geological and geomorphological natural region or landscape in Switzerland and the south German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg. The landscape is characterised by escarpments.
Extract
An extract (essence) is a substance made by extracting a part of a raw material, often by using a solvent such as ethanol, oil or water.  Extracts may be sold as tinctures or absolutes or dried and powdered.

Extracts are widely used in various industries, such as perfumes, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and the food industry, among others.

The aromatic principles of many spices, nuts, herbs, fruits, etc., and some flowers, are marketed as extracts, among the best known of true extracts being almond, cinnamon, cloves, ginger, lemon, nutmeg, orange, peppermint, pistachio, rose, spearmint, vanilla, violet, rum, and wintergreen.

Extraction (chemistry)
Stirrer bar

Still pot (the still pot should not be overfilled and the volume of solvent in the still pot should be 3 to 4 times the volume of the Soxhlet chamber)

Distillation path

Thimble

Solid

Siphon top

Siphon exit

Expansion adapter

Condenser

Cooling water out

Cooling water in

Extraction in chemistry is a separation process consisting of the separation of a substance from a matrix. The distribution of a solute between two phases is an equilibrium condition described by partition theory. This is based on exactly how the analyte moves from the initial solvent into the extracting solvent. The term washing may also be used to refer to an extraction in which impurities are extracted from the solvent containing the desired compound.
British Army independent companies in South Carolina
British Army independent companies in South Carolina formed a major component of the Province of South Carolina's military forces. Regular independent companies were first established in English America in 1664. The first independent company in South Carolina was organized in 1721. With the raising of Oglethorpe's Regiment in 1737 it was disbanded. In 1746 three understrength independent companies were sent to South Carolina, but they were disbanded two years later. When Oglethorpe's Regiment was disbanded in 1748, three new independent companies were raised in South Carolina, partly recruited with soldiers from the disbanded regiment. These three companies participated in the French and Indian War and the Cherokee War, participating in the Battle of Fort Necessity, the Braddock Expedition, the battle of the Monongahela, and the siege of Fort Loudoun. They were disbanded in 1763, with the rest of the British army's independent companies in North America.

Siege of Fort Loudoun
The siege of Fort Loudoun was an engagement during the Anglo-Cherokee War fought from February 1760 to August 1760 between the warriors of the Cherokee led by Ostenaco and the garrison of Fort Loudoun (in what is now Tennessee) composed of British and colonial soldiers commanded by Captain Paul Demeré.

During the French and Indian War the Cherokee were sought after as allies by the British and Provincial Colonial Governments to help contest the frontiers against the French and their Indian allies. An alliance was formed and both sides initially fulfilled each other's expectations. The Cherokee provided warriors and  in return the British and Provincials provided supplies and protection of the warriors homelands. However, the alliance unravelled and soon incidents by both sides provoked the Anglo-Cherokee War in 1758.
The House Always Wins
"The House Always Wins" is the third episode of the fourth season of the American television series Angel. Written by David Fury and directed by Marita Grabiak, it was originally broadcast on October 20, 2002, on the WB television network.

In "The House Always Wins", Angel Investigations takes a road trip to Las Vegas to enlist Lorne's help in returning higher being Cordelia to their dimension. While in Vegas, they learn the owner of the Tropicana Casino has been coercing Lorne into reading people's destinies, which the owner sells on the black market in a literal "futures" trading scheme. Angel falls under the influence of the house games, while back in Los Angeles Wesley tries to take advantage of Angel's absence to steal his clients.

Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about 4.2 mi (6.8 km) long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester, but is often referred to simply as "Las Vegas".

Many of the largest hotel casino and resort properties in the world are on the Strip. Its hotels, casinos, restaurants, residential high-rises, entertainment offerings, and skyline have established the Strip as one of the most popular and iconic tourist destinations in the world and is one of the driving forces for Las Vegas's economy. Most of the Strip has been designated as an All-American Road, and the North and South Las Vegas Strip routes are classified as Nevada Scenic Byways and National Scenic Byways.
Hacienda Dzibikak
Hacienda Dzibikak is located in the Umán Municipality within the town of Umán in the state of Yucatán in southeastern Mexico. It is one of the properties that arose during the nineteenth century henequen boom.

Umán
Umán is a city in the Mexican state of Yucatán and the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. Together with Kanasín, it is part of the Mérida metropolitan area. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 56,409 inhabitants, making it the 4th most populous city in the state behind Valladolid, Kanasín, and Mérida.
Marie Hourihan
Marie Hourihan (born 10 March 1989) is a retired Irish footballer and current head coach. She currently manages Plymouth Argyle and previously played for clubs including Brighton & Hove Albion, Chelsea, and Manchester City She represented the Republic of Ireland at senior international level, having represented England up to under-23 level.

Plymouth Argyle W.F.C.
Plymouth Argyle Women Football Club are a women's football club based in the city of Plymouth, Devon, England. They compete in the FA Women's National League South.

Founded in 1975, they come under the bracket of Plymouth Argyle F.C., and play their home games at Manadon Sports Hub, Plymouth, which is owned and operated by the PAFC Community Trust.
Albertine (Krohg novel)
Albertine is a novel written in 1886 by Norwegian painter and writer Christian Krohg.

The novel is set in Norway's capital, Christiania, and deals with the life of the unmarried seamstress Albertine, who is eventually forced into prostitution due to the social system of the time. In the novel, Krohg criticized the double standards of society, which stigmatized women who were victims of prostitution, while accepting the regulation of prostitution.

The book was confiscated shortly after its publication. In 1888 the Supreme Court of Norway upheld the confiscation, and Krohg was sentenced to pay a fine of 100 kr. Krohg also made several paintings based on the "Albertine" motif, including Trett in 1885 and Albertine i politilægens venteværelse in 1887.

Supreme Court of Norway
The Supreme Court of Norway (Norwegian Bokmål: (Norges) Høyesterett; Norwegian Nynorsk: (Noregs) Høgsterett; lit. 'Highest Court') is the highest court in the Norwegian judiciary. It was established in 1815 on the basis of section 88 in the Constitution of the Kingdom of Norway, which prescribed an independent judiciary. It is located in the capital Oslo. In addition to serving as the court of final appeal for civil and criminal cases, it can also rule whether the Cabinet has acted in accordance with Norwegian law and whether the Parliament has passed legislation consistent with the Constitution.
Aziz Abdelmassih
Aziz Abdelmassih (Arabic: عزيز عبد المسيح; also spelled Abd El-Massih, Abdel Massih) is a Lebanese professional basketball player for the Homenetmen in the Lebanese Basketball League, and the Lebanon men's national basketball team.

Lebanon men's national basketball team
The Lebanon men's national basketball team (Arabic: منتخب لبنان لكرة السلة; French: Équipe du Liban de basket-ball), controlled by the Lebanese Basketball Federation (FLB), has represented Lebanon in basketball since its inception in 1947. The squad is governed by FIBA, and is part of the FIBA Asia zone.

Lebanon has achieved success throughout its history, finishing as runners-up in the FIBA Asia Cup on four occasions: 2001, 2005, 2007, and most recently in 2022. The team has also made appearances in the FIBA World Championship on four occasions (2002, 2006, 2010, and 2023), but have not progressed beyond the preliminary round.
Bardhaman-Rampurhat Section
The Barddhaman–Rampurhat section is a railway line connecting Bardhaman and Rampurhat. This 112 kilometres (69 mi) track is part of the Howrah-New Jalpaiguri Main Line and Sahibganj Loop. It is under the jurisdiction of Howrah Division of Eastern Railway.A large number of local, express and superfast trains, along with a huge volume of freight traffic, operate on this route every day.

Barddhaman Junction railway station
Barddhaman Junction Railway Station (station code: BWN) is a railway junction station on the Howrah–Delhi main line and is located in Purba Bardhaman District in the Indian state of West Bengal. EMU services from Howrah along Howrah–Bardhaman main line and Howrah–Bardhaman chord terminate at Bardhaman. Every day, over 300 express/mail/SF trains halt here, making it one of the busiest and important junction railway station in Eastern India. It serves Bardhaman, the fifth most populous city in West Bengal.
Instituto O'Higgins de Rancagua
Instituto O'Higgins is a private Catholic school located in the center of Rancagua, Chile. It is administered by the Marist Brothers.

It was founded in 1915 by four Marist Brothers, Andrés, Donato, Cristobal and Salvador María. Originally the institute was exclusively for boys, but since year 2000, girls have been allowed as well.

In 1925 the school created his own soccer team, the Club de Deportes Instituto O'Higgins, that was merged in 1954 with the Braden Copper Company team, creating the O'Higgins Braden club. One year later, in 1955, O'Higgins Braden merged with América de Rancagua football club, forming the current Club Deportivo O'Higgins.

This school has a sports park called Estadio Marista (Marist Stadium), located in the town of Machalí, near Rancagua.

Marist Brothers
The Marist Brothers of the Schools, commonly known as simply the Marist Brothers, is an international community of Catholic religious institute of brothers. In 1817, Marcellin Champagnat, a Marist priest from France, founded the Marist Brothers with the goal of educating young people, especially those most neglected. While most of the brothers minister in school settings, others work with young people in parishes, religious retreats, spiritual accompaniment, at-risk youth settings, young adult ministry, and overseas missions. Since the 2010s, several instances of sexual abuse within Marist-run institutions have been reported in Chile, Australia, and New Zealand.
Rubén Planchón
Rubén Carlos Planchón Faureau (born August 4, 1982 in Dolores), commonly known as Rubén Planchón, is a Uruguayan footballer who plays as a defender for C.A. Rentistas in the Uruguayan Primera División.

C.A. Rentistas
Club Atlético Rentistas, known simply as Rentistas is a Uruguayan professional football club based in Cerrito de la Victoria, Montevideo. Founded in 1933, the club competes in the Uruguayan Segunda División.
Theory of religious economy
Religious economy refers to religious persons and organizations interacting within a market framework of competing groups and ideologies. An economy makes it possible for religious suppliers to meet the demands of different religious consumers. By offering an array of religions and religious products, a competitive religious economy stimulates such activity in  a market-type setting.

The field applies rational choice theory to the theory of religion such that supply and demand are used to model the development and success of organized religions. Major proponents of the theory include William Sims Bainbridge, Roger Finke, Laurence Iannaccone, and Rodney Stark.

William Sims Bainbridge
William Sims Bainbridge (born October 12, 1940) is an American sociologist who currently resides in Virginia. He is co-director of Cyber-Human Systems at the National Science Foundation (NSF).  He is the first Senior Fellow to be appointed by the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. Bainbridge is most well known for his work on the sociology of religion. Beginning in the 2010s he has published work studying the sociology of video gaming.
Hitomi Hatakeda
Hitomi Hatakeda (畠田 瞳, Hatakeda Hitomi, born (2000-09-01)1 September 2000) is a Japanese former artistic gymnast who competed at the 2020 Olympic Games. She is the 2019 Summer Universiade champion in the team, all-around, uneven bars, and balance beam. She is also the 2020 American Cup all-around bronze medalist.

2020 American Cup
The 2020 American Cup was part of the World Cup circuit in artistic gymnastics.  It was the only All-Around World Cup help in 2020 as the others were canceled due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. This was the final edition of the American Cup competition as an individual competition.  In 2026, the competition returned using a mixed team format.
Henderson v. United States (1950)
Henderson v. United States, 339 U.S. 816 (1950), was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision in the jurisprudence of the United States that abolished segregation in railroad dining cars with an 8-0 ruling.

Dining car
A dining car (American English) or a restaurant car (British English), also a diner, is a passenger railroad car that serves meals in the manner of a full-service, sit-down restaurant.

These cars provide the highest level of service of any railroad food service car, typically employing multiple servers and kitchen staff members. Consequently, they are the most expensive to operate. It is distinct from other railroad food service cars that do not duplicate the full-service restaurant experience, such as buffet cars, cars in which one purchases food from a walk-up counter to be consumed either within the car or elsewhere in the train. Grill cars, in which customers sit on stools at a counter and purchase and consume food cooked on a grill behind the counter are generally considered to be an "intermediate" type of dining car.
Heather Keeler
Heather Keeler (born December 18, 1981) is an American politician serving in the Minnesota House of Representatives since 2021. A member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), Keeler represents District 4A in northwest Minnesota, including the city of Moorhead and parts of Clay County. Keeler is an enrolled member of the Yankton Sioux Tribe.

In November 2025, Keeler announced her candidacy for Minnesota's 7th congressional district in the 2026 election.

Moorhead, Minnesota
Moorhead (/ˈmɔːrhɛd/ MOR-hed) is a city in and the county seat of Clay County, Minnesota, United States, on the banks of the Red River of the North. Located in the Red River Valley, an extremely fertile and active agricultural region, Moorhead is home to several corporations and manufacturing industries. Across the river from Fargo, North Dakota and next to Dilworth, Minnesota, Moorhead forms part of the core of the Fargo–Moorhead ND-MN Metropolitan Area. The population was 44,505 at the 2020 census. Moorhead is a hub of higher education in Minnesota, home to Minnesota State University Moorhead, Concordia College, and a campus of Minnesota State Community and Technical College.

Platted in 1871, the city was named for William Galloway Moorhead, an official of the Northern Pacific Railway.
James F. Jones (educator)
James F. Jones Jr. (born April 9, 1947) is an American academic administrator and educator. He began his career as a professor of Romance languages and other humanities. His administrative posts have included being vice provost of Southern Methodist University and dean of its Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences; president of Kalamazoo College; president of Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut; and interim president of Sweet Briar College.

Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences
Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences is the school of liberal arts at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas. The college was named in 1981 in honor of its benefactors, Robert H. Dedman, Sr. and his wife, Nancy McMillan Dedman, both of Dallas.
Juneau Icefield Research Program
The Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP) is a student research program that focuses on the study of the Juneau Icefield, a collection of glaciers near Juneau, Alaska. Currently run by the University of Maine with support from the University of Alaska Southeast, it is the longest running icefield research program in North America. Students start in Juneau and traverse the icefield in 8 weeks, ending in Atlin, British Columbia.

University of Alaska Southeast
The University of Alaska Southeast (UA Southeast, Alaska Southeast, or UAS) is a public university with its main campus in Juneau, Alaska, United States, and extended campuses in Sitka and Ketchikan.

Part of the University of Alaska System, it was established on July 1, 1987, with the restructuring and consolidation of the former University of Alaska Juneau, Ketchikan Community College, and Islands Community College (Sitka). The university is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.
Tore Skeie
Tore Skeie (born 1977) is a Norwegian author and historian specializing in medieval Norwegian history. His first book, written about Norwegian nobleman Alv Erlingsson, won him NOK 100,000 in a history competition and became a bestseller for its publisher. His third book, published in 2018, led to him receiving the Sverre Steen Award and a ten-year stipend from the Arts Council Norway worth NOK 268,222 annually.

Sverre Steen
Sverre Steen (1 August 1898 – 23 June 1983) was a Norwegian historian and  professor at the University of Oslo from 1938 to 1965.
He served as president of the Norwegian Historical Association from 1936 to 1947
Hockey Wales
Hockey Wales (Welsh: Hoci Cymru) is the national governing body for field hockey in Wales. It was established as Welsh Hockey Union in 1996 by the merger of Welsh Hockey Association and Welsh Women's Hockey Association, and rebranded to the current name in 2011.

The association is responsible for all hockey activities in Wales, and organizes national men's and women's hockey tournaments. Internationally, Welsh players compete at the Summer Olympic Games as part of the Great Britain team. In other competitions including the Commonwealth Games and the EuroHockey championships, the association fields standalone women's team and men's teams.

EuroHockey Nations Challenge
The EuroHockey Nations Challenge is a competition run by the European Hockey Federation for European national field hockey teams. There are Challenges for outdoor and indoor hockey for both men's and women's sides. The Challenges precede the current EuroHockey Nations Trophy, which itself precedes the EuroHockey Nations Championship. Teams can gain promotion and relegation from their divisions based on their final standings.
Ecurie Lutetia
Ecurie Lutetia was a French racing team founded by racing drivers Eugène Chaboud and Charles Pozzi. The team's name was derived from Lutetia, a town that stood where Paris is now located, and the fact that Pozzi was born in Paris. Ecurie Lutetia entered two Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, but scored no points. They also participated in non-championship Formula One, Formula Two and Le Mans races between 1948 and 1950. However, Chaboud and Pozzi entered races under their own names more often than under Ecurie Lutetia.

Formula One race weekend
A Formula One race weekend is an auto racing event which takes place over three days (usually Friday to Sunday), with a series of practice and qualifying sessions prior to the race on Sunday. Current regulations provide for two free practice sessions on Friday, a morning practice session and an afternoon qualifying session held on Saturday, and the race held on Sunday afternoon or evening, although the structure of the weekend has changed numerous times over the history of the sport. Historically, the Monaco Grand Prix held practice on Thursday rather than Friday (up to and including 2021), and the whole schedule for the Las Vegas (starting from its inaugural event in 2023), Bahrain and Saudi Arabian Grands Prix (in 2024 only) is brought forward by one day. At most Formula One race weekends, other events such as races in other Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) series, such as Formula 2 or Formula 3, are held.