hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Khaliat nahl
Khaliat al Nahl (Arabic: خليّة النحل, lit. 'Beehive'), also called Khaliat Nahl, or Honeycomb Bread in English, is an Arab dessert made of small, soft, cheese-filled bread rolls arranged in a pattern similar to hexagonal packing arrangement, resembling a honeycomb or beehive, and topped with nigella seeds and honey or syrup. It is associated with Arabian cuisine, specifically with Omani cuisine and Yemeni cuisine.

Bread roll
A bread roll is a small, oblong (or round, triangular or rhomboid) individual loaf of bread served as a meal accompaniment (eaten plain or with butter). Rolls can be served and eaten whole or are also commonly cut and filled – the result of doing so is considered a sandwich in English.
Big Rivers Regional Trail
Big Rivers Regional Trail is a paved 4.5-mile (7.2 km) rail trail that overlooks the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi rivers along the northern edge of Dakota County, Minnesota, United States.  It runs between the cities of Eagan and Lilydale.

The trail also links to the 72-mile (116 km) Mississippi National River and Recreation Area, hundreds of miles of trails throughout the greater Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area, and historic landmarks including Fort Snelling, Pike Island and the city of Mendota, one of Minnesota's oldest settlements.

The Big Rivers Trailhead provides access to a nearly flat paved trail built on an abandoned railroad bed. Minnesota State Highway 55 in Mendota Heights, I-494 in Eagan, and I-35E in Mendota Heights are additional access points to the Big Rivers Regional Trail.

Minnesota State Highway 55
Minnesota State Highway 55 (MN 55) is a state highway that runs 221 miles (356 km) across the central part of state taking a diagonal route from its western most at the North Dakota state line near Tenney to its easternmost point at the intersection with U.S. Highway 61 (US 61) in Hastings. In Minneapolis and Golden Valley, portions of the route are also signed as Olson Memorial Highway.
Susquehanna and New York Railroad
The Susquehanna and New York Railroad (reporting mark S&NY) was a short-line railroad connecting the Lehigh Valley Railroad at Towanda, Pennsylvania, with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Marsh Hill Junction. The railroad carried freight and passengers between Williamsport and Towanda by rail rather than using the Susquehanna River or the Pennsylvania Canal.

The railroad, 45 miles in length (72.4 km), in Northeastern Pennsylvania was originally built to carry timber and coal out of the Barclay Mountain to Towanda where these products could then be shipped by river or rail.

Pennsylvania Canal (North Branch Division)
The North Branch Division of the Pennsylvania Canal was a historic waterway that ran 169 miles (272 km) along the North Branch Susquehanna River between southern New York and north-central Pennsylvania. At its southern end, the canal connected with the West Branch Canal and the Susquehanna Division Canal at Northumberland, while on the north it connected with the Junction Canal and the New York canal system. Built between 1828 and 1856, the North Branch Canal was part of a large transportation network that included Pennsylvania's Main Line of Public Works.
Sound from ultrasound
Sound from ultrasound is the name given here to the generation of audible sound from modulated ultrasound without using an active receiver. This happens when the modulated ultrasound passes through a nonlinear medium which acts, intentionally or unintentionally, as a demodulator.

Sound pressure
Sound pressure or acoustic pressure is the local pressure deviation from the ambient (average or equilibrium) atmospheric pressure, caused by a sound wave. In air, sound pressure can be measured using a microphone, and in water with a hydrophone. The SI unit of sound pressure is the pascal (Pa).
Tomasz Fornal
Tomasz Fornal (Polish pronunciation: [ˈtɔmaʂ ˈfɔrnal]; born 31 August 1997) is a Polish professional volleyball player who plays as an outside hitter for Ziraat Bankası Ankara and the Poland national team. Fornal won silver medals at the 2024 Summer Olympics and the 2022 World Championship, as well as the 2021 Polish Champion title with Jastrzębski Węgiel.

2020–21 PlusLiga
The 2020–21 PlusLiga was the 85th season of the Polish Volleyball Championship, the 68th season of the highest tier domestic division in the Polish volleyball league system since its establishment in 1954, and the 21st season as a professional league. The league is operated by the Polish Volleyball League SA (Polish: Polska Liga Siatkówki SA).

The season was composed of 14 teams. The regular season was played as a round-robin tournament. Each team played a total of 26 matches, half at home and half away. The season started on 11 September 2020 and concluded on 21 April 2021.

Jastrzębski Węgiel won their 2nd title of the Polish Champions.
GermaNet
GermaNet is a semantic network for the German language.  It relates nouns, verbs, and adjectives semantically by grouping lexical units that express the same concept into synsets and by defining semantic relations between these synsets. GermaNet is free for academic use, after signing a license. GermaNet shares much in common with the English WordNet and can be viewed as an online thesaurus or a light-weight ontology. GermaNet has been developed and maintained at the University of Tübingen since 1997 within the research group for General and Computational Linguistics. It has been integrated into the EuroWordNet, a multilingual lexical-semantic database.

Semantic network
A semantic network, or frame network is a knowledge base that represents semantic relations between concepts in a network. This is often used as a form of knowledge representation. It is a directed or undirected graph consisting of vertices, which represent concepts, and edges, which represent semantic relations between concepts, mapping or connecting semantic fields. A semantic network may be instantiated as, for example, a graph database or a concept map. Typical standardized semantic networks are expressed as semantic triples.

Semantic networks are used in natural language processing applications such as semantic parsing and word-sense disambiguation. Semantic networks can also be used as a method to analyze large texts and identify the main themes and topics (e.g., of social media posts), to reveal biases (e.g., in news coverage), or even to map an entire research field.
Arima
Arima, officially The Royal Chartered Borough of Arima is the easternmost and second largest in area of the three boroughs of Trinidad and Tobago. It is geographically adjacent to Sangre Grande and Arouca at the south central foothills of the Northern Range. To the south is the Caroni–Arena Dam. Coterminous with Town of Arima since 1888, the borough of Arima is the fourth-largest municipality in population in the country (after Port of Spain, Chaguanas and San Fernando). The census estimated it had 33,606 residents in 2011.

In 1887, the town petitioned Queen Victoria for municipal status as part of the celebration for the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria. This was granted in the following year, and Arima became a Royal Borough on 1 August 1888. Historically the third-largest town of Trinidad and Tobago, Arima is fourth since Chaguanas became the largest town in the country.

Chaguanas
The Borough of Chaguanas is the largest municipality (83,489 at the 2011 census) and fastest-growing town in Trinidad and Tobago. Located in west-central Trinidad, south of Port of Spain, north of Couva and San Fernando, and named after the indigenous tribe who originally settled there, it grew in size due to its proximity to the Woodford Lodge sugar refinery. It remained a minor town until the 1980s when it began to grow rapidly as it drew people for its bargain shopping and moderately priced housing. Its rapid growth has seen property values increase dramatically, however.

Chaguanas became a borough in 1990; prior to that, it was part of Caroni County. The current mayor is Faaiq Mohammed, and the Borough Council has historically been dominated by the United National Congress. Chaguanas has also been a hub for Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian culture and even the broader Indo-Caribbean culture.
Los Metálicos
Los Metálicos (Spanish for "The Metallic Ones") was a Mexican professional wrestling group, called a stable, who worked in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) between 1991 and 1993. The group worked as a tecnico (term used for wrestlers who portray the "good guys") faction. Most of the members of the team were brothers, part of the Hernández wrestling family, with only Bronce I, Platino I and Platino II are not related to the rest of the team. The team used metallic gimmicks such as Oro ("Gold"), Plata ("Silver"), Bronce ("Bronze"), and Platino ("Platinum") and all started out as enmascarados, or masked wrestlers with only one member being unmasked before his retirement or death.

Wrestling mask
A wrestling mask is a fabric-based mask that some professional wrestlers wear as part of their in-ring persona or gimmick. Professional wrestlers have been using masks as far back as 1915 and they are still widely used today, especially in Mexican lucha libre.
Hans Mork
Hans Eric Mork (1909 – 22 January 1960) was a South African-born Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. He played in Sydney for the Newtown club (with whom he won the 1933 NSWRFL Premiership), as well as in Newcastle for the Western Suburbs club and elsewhere in country New South Wales.

Newtown Jets
The Newtown Jets are a rugby league football club based in Marrickville, a suburb of Sydney's inner west. They currently compete in the NSW Cup competition, having left the top grade after the 1983 NSWRFL season. The Jets' home ground is Henson Park, and their team colours are blue (traditionally royal blue) and white.

Established in 1908, Newtown were one of the founding members of the New South Wales Rugby Football League. They competed continuously in the NSWRFL premiership until their departure in 1983, the first reduction in the League since 1937. Over this period they won the competition three times.
Suzanne Kessler
Suzanne Kessler (born October 13, 1946, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American social psychologist known for the application of ethnomethodology to gender. She and Wendy McKenna pioneered this application of ethnomethodology to the study of gender and sex with their groundbreaking work, Gender an Ethnomethodological Approach. Twenty years later, Kessler extended this work in a second book, Lessons from the Intersexed.

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Alexis Peña (singer)
Jaime Alexis Peña Molina better known as Alexis Peña (born 2 February 1984) is a Colombian Christian music, singer, songwriter, worship leader, pastor, author, teacher, and speaker known for combining practical biblical principles with the flow of prophetic songs. He plays contemporary worship music for a Latin music audience.

Contemporary worship music
Contemporary worship music (CWM), also known as praise and worship music, is a distinct genre of Christian music used in contemporary worship. It has evolved over the past 60 years and is stylistically similar to pop music. The songs are often referred to as "praise songs" or "worship songs" and are typically led by a "worship band" or "praise team," with either a guitarist or pianist serving as the lead. It has become a common genre of music performed in many churches, particularly in charismatic or non-denominational Protestant churches, with some Catholic congregations also incorporating it into the Mass.
Whisper (speech recognition system)
Whisper is a machine learning model for speech recognition and transcription, created by OpenAI and first released as open-source software in September 2022.

It is capable of transcribing speech in English and several other languages, and is also capable of translating several non-English languages into English. OpenAI claims that the combination of different training data used in its development has led to improved recognition of accents, background noise, and jargon compared to previous approaches. Whisper is a weakly-supervised deep learning acoustic model, made using an encoder-decoder transformer architecture.

Weak supervision
Weak supervision (also known as semi-supervised learning) is a paradigm in machine learning, the relevance and notability of which increased with the advent of large language models due to the large amount of data required to train them.  It is characterized by using a combination of a small amount of human-labeled data (exclusively used in more expensive and time-consuming supervised learning paradigm), followed by a large amount of unlabeled data (used exclusively in unsupervised learning paradigm). In other words, the desired output values are provided only for a subset of the training data. The remaining data is unlabeled or imprecisely labeled. Intuitively, it can be seen as an exam and labeled data as sample problems that the teacher solves for the class as an aid in solving another set of problems. In the transductive setting, these unsolved problems act as exam questions. In the inductive setting, they become practice problems of the sort that will make up the exam.
Sandy Johnstone
Air Vice Marshal Alexander Vallance Riddell Johnstone, CB, DFC, AE, DL (2 June 1916 – 13 December 2000) was a Scottish airman. He served as a Royal Air Force squadron, wing and station commander during the Second World War and the commander of Commonwealth forces operating in Borneo during the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation.

Air Efficiency Award
The Air Efficiency Award, post-nominal letters AE for officers, was instituted in 1942. It could be awarded after ten years of meritorious service to officers, airmen and airwomen in the Auxiliary and Volunteer Air Forces of the United Kingdom and the Territorial Air Forces and Air Force Reserves of the Dominions, the Indian Empire, Burma, the Colonies and Protectorates.

The award of the decoration was discontinued in the United Kingdom on 1 April 1999, when it was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal. The decoration is still being awarded in New Zealand, but between 1951 and 1975 it was superseded by local awards in other Dominions.

In Canada, the Air Efficiency Award was superseded by the Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951.

In South Africa, it was superseded by the John Chard Medal in 1952.

In Australia, it was superseded by the National Medal in 1975.
1923 Stanley Cup playoffs
The 1923 Stanley Cup playoffs was an ice hockey tournament held at the conclusion of the 1922–23 season. This was the second year that the National Hockey League (NHL) champions, the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA) champions, and the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) champions competed for the Stanley Cup. It began on March 16, 1923, and concluded on March 31 when the NHL champion Ottawa Senators defeated the WCHL champion Edmonton Eskimos in the final series, two games to zero.

Throughout these playoffs, injuries had thinned Ottawa's line-up. But after seeing the gritty show put on by the undermanned Senators, Frank Patrick, the head coach of the PCHA champion Vancouver Maroons, called Ottawa the greatest team he had ever seen.

Edmonton Eskimos (ice hockey)
The Edmonton Eskimos were a Canadian amateur and later professional men's ice hockey team that existed from 1911 to 1927. After playing in senior hockey in the Alberta-based Big-4 League, the Eskimos joined the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) for the inaugural 1921–22 WCHL season, and played for the Stanley Cup against the Ottawa Senators in the 1923 Stanley Cup Finals, as the WCHL Champions. Team alumni include Hockey Hall of Fame members Eddie Shore, Duke Keats and Bullet Joe Simpson.

While the Edmonton Eskimos disbanded after the 1926–27 season, the name was adopted by a new team in 1932–33, playing for four years before it disbanded. The name was adopted by another new team for a single 1938–39 season.
Pathanay Khan
Ghulam Mohammad PP, known popularly as Pathanay Khan (Punjabi: [pəʈʰaːɳeː xãː]; 1926 – 9 March 2000), was a Pakistani folk singer. He was associated with the folk music of Punjab and mostly sang kafis and ghazals, usually drawing on the Sufi poetry of Bulleh Shah, Khwaja Ghulam Farid, Pir Meher Ali Shah and Shah Hussain. He is regarded as a "legendary" figure of folk music.

Pride of Performance
The Pride of Performance (Urdu: تمغہِ حسنِ کارکردگی, romanized: tamġā-e husn-e kārkardgī), officially known as the Presidential Pride of Performance, is an award bestowed by the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to recognize people with "notable achievements in the field of art, science, literature, sports, and nursing". It is considered one of the country's most prestigious awards in these fields conferred upon citizens and, in some cases, foreign nationals.
Puerto Rico Young Democrats
The Young Democrats of America Puerto Rico Chapter is a non-profit political corporation organized pursuant to General Corporate Law of Puerto Rico and duly registered in the Department of State of Puerto Rico.

The organization is the official chapter of the U.S. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico certified by the Young Democrats of America (YDA) and the Democratic Party of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (DPCPR). Its premier purposes are promoting Puerto Rican youth involvement and activism within the United States Democratic Party and representing the island at all YDA national meetings and conventions.

Young Democrats of America
The Young Democrats of America (YDA) is the youth wing of the Democratic Party of the United States. YDA operates as a separate organization from the Democratic National Committee; following the passage of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, it became an independent 527 organization. The group's membership consists of Democrats from ages 14 to 35, and its political activities include an emphasis on increasing the voter turnout of young people.
Ben Pearson (footballer)
Benjamin David Pearson (born 4 January 1995) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for EFL Championship club Stoke City.

Pearson began his career at Manchester United's academy. He spent time out on loan at Barnsley, before signing for Preston North End in January 2016. Pearson spent five years at Deepdale before joining AFC Bournemouth in January 2021. He helped the Cherries gain promotion to the Premier League in the 2021–22 season. In January 2023, he joined Stoke City on a six-month loan before making it permanent in the summer of 2023.

He has also represented England at youth international level, playing for the under-16s, under-17s, under-18s, under-19s and under-20s.

England national under-20 football team
England national under-20 football team, also known as England Under-20s or England U20(s), represents England in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.

England were champions of the FIFA U-20 World Cup, after defeating Venezuela in the final of the 2017 tournament.

From October 2023, the squad was rebranded as the England Men's Elite League Squad to reflect their participation in the Under 20 Elite League. This reverted back to England U20s in August 2025.
Main Manto Nahi Hoon
Main Manto Nahi Hoon is a Pakistani television series, written by Khalil-ur-Rehman Qamar, and directed by Nadeem Baig, and co-produced by Humayun Saeed's Six Sigma Plus and Samina Humayun Saeed's Next Level Entertainment. It stars Humayun Saeed as a university professor and Sajal Aly as his student with whom he develops a bond. The ensemble supporting cast consists of Azaan Sami Khan, Saima Noor, Asif Raza Mir, Babar Ali and Saba Hameed. The seires premiered on ARY Digital in July 2025.

Humayun Saeed
Humayun Saeed (born 27 July 1971) is a Pakistani actor and producer. Describing himself as a method actor, Saeed is primarily known for his work on Pakistani television and cinema and is the recipient of several accolades, including Lux Style Awards and ARY Film Awards. Saeed also runs the Six Sigma Plus media production house  which produces television drama serials and commercial movies.
Dildariyaan
Dildariyaan is an Indian Punjabi-language romance film directed by Pankaj Batra. Jassie Gill and Sagarika Ghatge played the lead roles, marking Ghatge's debut in a Punjabi movie. Dildariyaan was released on 9 October 2015.

Jassie Gill
Jasdeep Singh Gill (born 26 November 1988) is an Indian singer, live performer and actor associated with Punjabi and Hindi language music and films. He debuted in Punjabi cinema with the 2014 film Mr & Mrs 420 and in Hindi cinema with the 2018 film Happy Phirr Bhag Jayegi.
Paleobiota of the Niobrara Formation
During the time of the deposition of the Niobrara Chalk, much life inhabited the seas of the Western Interior Seaway. By this time in the Late Cretaceous many new lifeforms appeared such as mosasaurs, which were to be some of the last of the aquatic lifeforms to evolve before the end of the Mesozoic. Life of the Niobrara Chalk is comparable to that of the Dakota Formation, although the Dakota Formation, which was deposited during the Cenomanian, predates the chalk by about 10 million years.

Mosasaur
Mosasaurs (from Latin Mosa meaning the 'Meuse', and Greek σαύρος sauros meaning 'lizard') are an extinct group of large aquatic reptiles within the family Mosasauridae that lived during the Late Cretaceous. Their first fossil remains were discovered in a limestone quarry at Maastricht on the Meuse in 1764. They belong to the order Squamata, which includes lizards and snakes.

During the last 20 million years of the Cretaceous period (Turonian–Maastrichtian ages), with the extinction of the ichthyosaurs and pliosaurs, mosasaurids became the dominant marine predators. They themselves became extinct as a result of the K-Pg event at the end of the Cretaceous period, about 66 million years ago.
Five-term exact sequence
In mathematics, five-term exact sequence or exact sequence of low-degree terms is a sequence of terms related to the first step of a spectral sequence.

More precisely, let

be a first quadrant spectral sequence, meaning that  vanishes except when p and q are both non-negative.  Then there is an exact sequence

0 → E21,0 → H 1(A) → E20,1 → E22,0 → H 2(A).

Here, the map  is the differential of the -term of the spectral sequence.

Exact sequence
In mathematics, an exact sequence is a sequence of morphisms between objects (for example, groups, rings, modules, and, more generally, objects of an abelian category) such that the image of one morphism equals the kernel of the next.