hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philip Carter (developer)
Philip Maurice Carter (born 1954 or 1955) is a property developer and former local politician from Christchurch, New Zealand. He is the owner of the Carter Group, a property development company. Intensely private, he is an influential property developer in Christchurch and surrounding districts. Like his father Maurice before him and followed by his son Tim, he spent time as an elected member of Christchurch City Council. His personal wealth is estimated as NZ$350 million in 2025.

Christchurch City Council
The Christchurch City Council (CCC) is the local government authority for Christchurch  in New Zealand. It is a territorial authority elected to represent the 419,200 people of Christchurch. The Mayor of Christchurch is Phil Mauger, who was elected in 2022 and 2025l. The council currently consists of 16  elected Councillors in sixteen wards, and is presided over by the mayor, who is elected at large. The number of elected members and ward boundaries changed prior to the 2016 election.
Al-Mada'in
33°06′N 44°35′E﻿ / ﻿33.100°N 44.583°E﻿ / 33.100; 44.583

Al-Mada'in (Arabic: المدائن, al-Madāʾin; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מחוזא Māḥozā; lit. 'the cities') was an ancient metropolis situated on the Tigris in what is now Iraq. It was located between the ancient royal centers of Ctesiphon and Seleucia, and was founded by the Sasanian Empire. The city's name was used by Arabs as a synonym for the Sasanian capital of Ctesiphon, in a tradition that continued after the Arab conquest of Iran.

Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia or Arab conquest of Iran occurred between 633 and 651, when the Rashidun Caliphate conquered the Sasanian Empire as part of the early Muslim conquests, which began under Muhammad in 622.
Khanqah-Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay
The Khanqah and Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay (Arabic: خانقاه الأشرف برسباي), also known as the Complex of Sultan Barsbay, is an Islamic funerary complex located in the historic Northern Cemetery of Cairo, Egypt. Built by Sultan al-Ashraf Barsbay in 1432, in addition to its overall layout and decoration, it is notable for the first stone domes in Cairo to be carved with geometric star patterns.

Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq
The Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq (Arabic: خانقاه فرج ابن برقوق) is an Islamic funerary complex that comprises a mosque (originally a khanqah) and two mausoleums, located in the Northern Cemetery of Cairo, Egypt. The complex was completed in 1410–1411 by the Mamluk sultan Faraj ibn Barquq. The complex is considered one of the most accomplished works of Mamluk architecture and one of the major monuments of Cairo's Northern Cemetery.
Witold Abramowicz (politician)
Witold Abramowicz (Polish: [ˈvi.tɔlt a.braˈmɔ.vit͡ʂ]; 28 August 1874 – 1940/1941) was a politician and jurist. In 1919, he served as the mayor of Vilnius, Lithuania, and from 12 October 1920 to 16 January 1921, he was the chairperson of the Provisional Governing Commission, an executive government of the Republic of Central Lithuania. In 1922, he was the leader of the Democratic Party, which he represented in the Sejm of Central Lithuania from 1 February to 1 March 1922. From 11 March 1928 to 10 July 1935, he represented the Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government for Vilnius electoral district, in the Senate of Poland.

Sejm of Central Lithuania
Sejm of Central Lithuania (Polish: Sejm Litwy Środkowej), also known as the Vilnius Sejm, or Wilno Sejm (Polish: Sejm Wileński; Lithuanian: Vilniaus seimas) or the Adjudicating Sejm (Polish: Sejm Orzekający), was the parliament of the short-lived state of Central Lithuania. Formed after the elections of 8 January 1922, it held its proceedings from 1 February to 1 March of that year. It had 106 deputies. Dominated by Polish representatives, it requested Central Lithuania's annexation by Poland and dissolved shortly afterward.
Helios de la Cour II
Helios de la Cour II (29 May 1995, Moyon – 19 July 2019) was a bay stallion registered in the Selle Français studbook. He was owned throughout his career by his breeders, Emmanuelle and Jean-François Couetil. After a serious accident in 2006 that interrupted his sporting career for several years, he achieved a notable distinction by becoming, with rider Alexis Gautier, the first horse in show jumping history to win the French championship twice, in 2010 and 2011.

After establishing himself as a prominent breeding stallion, he died of colic in July 2019. He sired more than 700 foals, including the champion mares Qui vive de la Tour and Urhelia Lutterbach.

Breed registry
A breed registry, also known as a herdbook, studbook or register, in animal husbandry, the hobby of animal fancy, is an official list of animals within a specific breed whose parents are known. Animals are usually registered by their breeders while they are young. The terms studbook and register are also used to refer to lists of male animals "standing at stud", that is, those animals actively breeding, as opposed to every known specimen of that breed. Such registries usually issue certificates for each recorded animal, called a pedigree, pedigreed animal documentation, or most commonly, an animal's "papers". Registration papers may consist of a simple certificate or a listing of ancestors in the animal's background, sometimes with a chart showing the lineage.
Heinkel He 46
The Heinkel He 46 was a German World War II-era monoplane designed in 1931 for the close reconnaissance and army co-operation roles. While it served with the Luftwaffe's front-line units only briefly at the start of World War II, the He 46 served as late as 1943 as a nighttime nuisance bomber and with the Hungarian Air Force.

Hungarian Air Force
The Hungarian Air Force (Hungarian: Magyar Légierő, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈleːgijɛrøː]) is the air force branch of the Hungarian Defence Forces.

The primary focus of the present Hungarian Air Force lies in defensive operations. The flying units operate are organised into a single command; under the Air Command and Control Centre.
Prelude FLNG
Prelude FLNG is a floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) platform owned by Shell plc and built by the Technip–Samsung Consortium (TSC) in South Korea for a joint venture between Royal Dutch Shell, KOGAS, and Inpex. The hull was launched in December 2013.

It is 488 metres (1,601 ft) long, 74 metres (243 ft) wide, 105 m (344 ft) tall, and made with more than 260,000 tonnes of steel, beating Seawise Giant (the previous record holder) as the world's longest vessel. The vessel displaces around 600,000 tonnes when fully loaded, more than five times the displacement of a Nimitz-class aircraft carrier. It is the world's largest FLNG platform, as well as the largest FLNG facility constructed to date.

Samsung Heavy Industries
Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (SHI; Korean: 삼성중공업) is a South Korean shipbuilding company and part of the Samsung Group. It is one of the "Big Three" shipbuilders of South Korea, along with Hanwha and Hyundai. The company's primary activities include the engineering and construction of commercial vessels including container ships, LNG carriers, oil platforms, drill ships, and floating production storage and offloading (FPSO/FSO) units.

The company’s main shipyard is located in Geoje, South Korea, and includes three dry docks and five floating docks. SHI also operates ship block fabrication facilities in Ningbo and Rongcheng, China, as well as a design center in India.
Soldier Integrated Protective Ensemble
The Soldier Integrated Protective Ensemble (SIPE) program was a soldier modernization effort for combat ground troops of the United States Army. It focused on the areas of battery-powered items, such as individual soldier computers, heads-up displays, combat optics, aural boosting and protection, and microclimate conditioning. The SIPE system also included a modular clothing and equipment system. With SIPE, the Army began treating the individual soldier's combat equipment as one integrated system rather than an assortment of individual components.

The SIPE system was developed as a potential replacement for the standard Battle Dress Uniform (BDU), Battle Dress Overgarment (BDO), body armor (PASGT), and load bearing equipment (LBE, e.g. ALICE or IIFS) of past.

SIPE was succeeded by Land Warrior, and certain technologies developed under the SIPE program were migrated directly to LW.

Head-up display
A head-up display or heads-up display, also known as a HUD (/hʌd/) or head-up guidance system (HGS), is any transparent display that presents data without requiring users to look away from their usual viewpoints. The origin of the name stems from a pilot being able to view information with the head positioned "up" and looking forward, instead of angled down looking at lower instruments. A HUD also has the advantage that the pilot's eyes do not need to refocus to view the outside after looking at the optically nearer instruments.

Although they were initially developed for military aviation, HUDs are now used in commercial aircraft, automobiles, and other (mostly professional) applications.

Head-up displays were a precursor technology to augmented reality (AR), incorporating a subset of the features needed for the full AR experience, but lacking the necessary registration and tracking between the virtual content and the user's real-world environment.
KLIA East Road
The KLIA East Road, or Jalan Kuarters KLIA, Federal Route 344, is a fourth highway in Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) in Malaysia that connects the KLIA Outer Ring Road (Federal Route 27) junctions near Sepang International Circuit in Selangor to KLIA Quarters in Negeri Sembilan. It is also a main route to Sepang and Labu town.

The Kilometre Zero is located at Sepang International Circuit junctions of the KLIA Outer Ring Road (Federal Route 27)

At most sections, the Federal Route 344 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.

Sepang International Circuit
Sepang International Circuit (Malay: Litar Antarabangsa Sepang) (known as Petronas Sepang International Circuit for commercial reasons) is a motorsport race track in Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia. It is located approximately 45-kilometre (28 mi) south of Kuala Lumpur, close to Kuala Lumpur International Airport. It hosted the Formula One Malaysian Grand Prix between 1999 and 2017, and is also the venue for the Malaysian Motorcycle Grand Prix, the Malaysia Merdeka Endurance Race, and other major motorsport events. Previously known as the Sepang F1 Circuit, it was renamed the Sepang International Circuit. On 31 October 2023, it was announced that Petronas has acquired the naming rights to the circuit for three years in an undisclosed fee.
Simpson Storm football
The Simpson Storm football team represents Simpson College in college football at the NCAA Division III level. The Storm are members of the American Rivers Conference (ARC), fielding its team in the ARC since 1923 when it was named the Iowa Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (IIAC). The Storm play their home games at Bill Buxton Stadium in Indianola, Iowa. Bill Buxton Stadium was previously known as Neff Field from 1949 until it was renamed in 1998. Prior to 1949, the team played at Buxton Park.

Their head coach is Reed Hoskins, who took over the position for the 2023 season.

American Rivers Conference
The American Rivers Conference (A-R-C) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III. From 1927 until August 9, 2018, it was known officially as the Iowa Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (IIAC) and commonly as the Iowa Conference.
Nasipit Lady Spikers
The Nasipit Lady Spikers, also known as Nasipit Lady Spikers – Agusan del Norte is a Filipino women's developmental volleyball team based in Nasipit, Agusan del Norte. The team competes in the Maharlika Pilipinas Volleyball Association (MPVA) and began play during its inaugural season in 2023.

The team is owned by the municipal government of Nasipit and its mayor, Roscoe Plaza.

Nasipit
Nasipit, officially the Municipality of Nasipit (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Nasipit; Tagalog: Bayan ng Nasipit), is a  municipality in the province of Agusan del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 44,822 people.

The Port of Nasipit is the major seaport or base port in Agusan del Norte. The Philippine Ports Authority (PPA) assigned PMO Nasipit as an International Base port.
I Can't Get Enough
"I Can't Get Enough" is an English-Spanish song by American record producer Benny Blanco, Puerto Rican record producer Tainy, American singer Selena Gomez, and Colombian singer J Balvin. It was released as a single on February 28, 2019. It was sent to radio on March 12, 2019. It was written by Tainy, Blanco, Gomez, Balvin, Cristina Chiluiza, Jhay Cortez and Mike Sabath. Its music video, directed by Jake Schreier, was released on March 12, 2019. The song was later included on Blanco's and Gomez's joint studio album I Said I Love You First (2025).

Tainy
Marco Efraín Masís Fernández (Latin American Spanish: [ˈmaɾko efraˈim maˈsis feɾˈnandes]; born August 9, 1989), known professionally as Tainy, is a Puerto Rican record producer, songwriter and recording engineer. Born and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico, he entered the world of reggaeton with his work on Mas Flow 2 by Luny Tunes. A repeated Grammy and BMI Award winner, Tainy has produced for artists including Wisin & Yandel, Janet Jackson, and Jennifer Lopez. His debut EP, Neon16 Tape: The Kids That Grew Up on Reggaeton (2020), consists of tracks with several other artists.
Robert Dalzell, 5th Earl of Carnwath
Robert Dalzell, 5th Earl of Carnwath, (1687–1737), known as Sir Robert Dalzell, 3rd Baronet from 1689 until 1702,  was a Scottish nobleman and Jacobite supporter during the 1715 Jacobite uprising. For this he was attainted in 1716, and from that point known as Robert Dalzell.

Attainder
In English common law, attainder was the metaphorical "stain" or "corruption of blood" which arose from being condemned for a serious capital crime (felony or treason). It entailed losing not only one's life, property and hereditary titles, but typically also the right to pass them on to one's heirs. Anyone condemned of capital crimes could be attainted, sometimes as a substitute for the dreaded common law treason.

Attainder by confession resulted from a guilty plea at the bar before judges or before the coroner in sanctuary. Attainder by verdict resulted from conviction by jury. Attainder by process resulted from a legislative act outlawing a fugitive (a bill of attainder). The last form is obsolete in England (and prohibited in the United States), and the other forms have been abolished.
Sun Fast 26
The Sun Fast 26 is a French sailboat that was designed by Philippe Briand and the Jeanneau Design Office as a cruiser-racer and first built in 1998.

The Sun Fast 26 is part of the Sun Fast sailboat range.

Jeanneau
Jeanneau is a French boatyard in Les Herbiers, in the Vendée département, which has produced yachts since 1957. It was founded by Henri Jeanneau, a hardware store owner, who began by producing power boats.

Jeanneau specializes in monohulls, but it created a specialist multihull line, Lagoon catamarans. Jeanneau (and Lagoon) became part of Groupe Beneteau in 1995.
2020 Illinois judicial elections
The 2020 Illinois judicial elections consisted of both partisan and retention elections, including those for three seats on the Supreme Court of Illinois and 10 seats in the Illinois Appellate Court. Primary elections were held on March 17, 2020, and the general election was held on November 3, 2020. These elections were part of the 2020 Illinois elections.

Supreme Court of Illinois
The Supreme Court of Illinois is the state supreme court, the highest court of the judiciary of Illinois. The court's authority is granted in Article VI of the current Illinois Constitution, which provides for seven justices elected from the five appellate judicial districts of the state: three justices from the First District (Cook County) and one from each of the other four districts. Absent mid-term vacancy, each justice is elected for a term of ten years, which may be renewed and the chief justice is elected by the court from its members for a three-year term.
Biosphere (Genoa)
Italy portal

Architecture portal

The Biosphere of Genoa (Italian: Biosfera), also commonly known as The Glass Bubble or Renzo Piano's Bubble (Italian: La Bolla di Renzo Piano), is a distinctive spherical glass and steel structure located inside Porto Antico (Old Harbour) of Genoa, Italy.
Designed by architect Renzo Piano, the structure was constructed in 2001, initially for the G8 summit held in the city. The sphere is suspended over the sea at Ponte Spinola, positioned immediately adjacent to the Aquarium of Genoa.

Functioning as a greenhouse, the Biosfera recreates a complex micro-climate, housing a small tropical rainforest ecosystem with over 150 species of plants and animals, including tree ferns, palms, and various birds, turtles, and fish.

The structure is 20 metres (66 ft) in diameter, has a total weight of 60 tonnes, and provides an exhibition area of approximately 200 square metres (2,200 sq ft).

27th G8 summit
The 27th G8 summit was held in Genoa, Italy, on 19–22 July 2001 and is remembered as a highpoint of the worldwide anti-globalization movement as well as for human rights violations against demonstrators.
Police brutality in Ethiopia
Police brutality in Ethiopia falls under the aegis of the Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP), which has responsibility for safeguarding civil law and abiding the country's constitution under Proclamation 2000, 2003 or 2011. Under Federal Police Officer Administration Regulation of 2012, dual obligation is promulgated to reinforce the law that every police officers should respect international human rights instructions and legal liability.

Ethiopian Federal Police
The Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ፌደራል ፖሊስ, romanized: ye'ītiyop'iya fēdirali polīsi) is the law enforcement agency of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Established in 1995, the agency aims with objectives of maintaining or safeguarding the public security, human and democratic rights, and respecting constitutional law.

As autonomous organ, the EFP is surveyed by Ministry of Peace and administered by the Federal Police Commission enshrined under Proclamation No. 720/2011. Its office is headquartered in Addis Ababa with expectation to expand branches in every regions thereof.

The Federal Police recently subjected to criticism and backlash over its inadequate and poor enforcing management as reflected in Article 52 of Federal Police Commission Administration. Unlawful use of force among officers appeared to be severe and most human rights organizations accused the government of neglecting investigation and accountability of those offended police officers.
Ramadan Mohamed Abdallah Goc
Ramadan Mohamed Abdallah Goc is a South Sudanese politician and diplomat who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation from April 26, 2024, until April 10, 2025. Before his appointment as foreign minister, he held senior diplomatic roles within the ministry and represented South Sudan in regional and international engagements.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (South Sudan)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation is a cabinet-level government ministry responsible for the implementation and management of South Sudan's foreign policy and international activity. The incumbent minister is Monday Simaya Kumba since 2025.
Silas Young
Caleb DeWall (born September 9, 1980) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Silas Young. He was last contracted for Ring of Honor, where he is a two-time ROH World Television Champion, and has wrestled on the revived Ring of Honor Wrestling in 2023. He also is currently performing on the independent circuit.

ROH World Television Championship
The ROH World Television Championship is a men's professional wrestling world television championship created and promoted by the American promotion Ring of Honor (ROH). With the introduction of the title on January 20, 2010, the television-type championship returned to national exposure. The inaugural champion was Eddie Edwards. In addition to being in ROH, the championship is also occasionally defended on All Elite Wrestling's (AEW) programs, as AEW and ROH are both owned by Tony Khan. The reigning champion is Nick Wayne, who is in his first reign. He won the title by defeating Komander at AEW Collision: Spring BreakThru on April 17, 2025.
Lake Sapsho
Lake Sapsho (Russian: Сапшо́) is a glacial lake in Demidovsky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is the largest lake (3,04 km2) of the Smolenskoye Poozerye National Park. It is situated northeast of Demidov in the northwestern part of the oblast, near the settlement of Przhevalskoye. Famous 19th century Russian traveller Nikolay Przhevalsky compared the lake with Lake Baikal in miniature. The lake is a natural monument. It is connected with the Baltic Sea by the Sapsha, Vasilyevka, Yelsha, and Daugava rivers. There are 4 big and 2 small islands on the lake. There are a lot of tumuli of the Tushumlin culture by Lake Sapsho.
The flora and fauna of the lake are very diverse. Yet in the beginning of the 20th century there was the industrial fishery. Though now any industry is prohibited here. A lot of species of the flora and fauna of the lake are in the Red Book.

Daugava
The Daugava (/ˈdaʊɡəvə/ DOW-gə-və), also known as the Western Dvina or the Väina River, is a large river rising in the Valdai Hills of Russia that flows through Belarus and Latvia into the Gulf of Riga of the Baltic Sea. The Daugava rises close to the source of the Volga. It is 1,020 km (630 mi) in length, of which 352 km (219 mi) are in Latvia and 325 km (202 mi) in Russia. It is a westward-flowing river, tracing out a great south-bending curve as it passes through northern Belarus.

Latvia's capital, Riga, bridges the river's estuary four times. Built on both riverbanks, the city centre is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the river's mouth and is a significant port.
Joanna Jakieła
Joanna Jakieła (born 3 March 1999) is a Polish biathlete who has competed in the Biathlon World Cup since 2020. She participated in the 2026 Olympic Games.

Her best result is 6th place in the sprint at the World Cup stage in Östersund in the 2025/26 season.

Biathlon World Cup
The Biathlon World Cup is a top-level biathlon season-long competition series. It has been held since the winter seasons of 1977–78 for men and 1982–83 for women. The women's seasons until 1986–87 season were called the European Cup, although participation was not restricted to Europeans.
Podgorica Airport
Podgorica Airport (Montenegrin: Aerodrom Podgorica / Аеродром Подгорица, pronounced [aerǒdrom pǒdɡoritsa]) (IATA: TGD, ICAO: LYPG) is an international airport serving the Montenegrin capital of Podgorica and the surrounding region. It is one of two international airports in Montenegro, the other being Tivat Airport. Both are operated by the state-owned company Airports of Montenegro (Аеродроми Црне Горе / Aerodromi Crne Gore).

The airport is located in the Zeta Plain, 5 km (3 mi) south Podgorica urban area and 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Skadar Lake, within administrative boundaries of Golubovci, Zeta Municipality. Montenegrin national carrier Air Montenegro is based at the airport. The airport's IATA code, TGD, is based on the city's former name, Titograd.

Lake Skadar
Lake Skadar or Lake Scutari (Albanian: Liqeni i Shkodrës, pronounced [liˈcɛni i ˈʃkɔdrəs]; Montenegrin: Скадарско језеро, Skadarsko jezero, pronounced [skâdarskɔː jɛ̂zɛrɔ]) – also called Lake Shkodra and Lake Shkodër – lies on the border of Albania and Montenegro, and is the largest lake in Southern Europe. It is named after the Albanian city of Shkodër which lies at its southeastern coast. It is a karst lake.

The Montenegrin section of the lake and surrounding land have been designated as a national park, while the Albanian part constitutes a nature reserve and a Ramsar site.