hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Béla Bollobás
Béla Bollobás FRS (born 3 August 1943) is a Hungarian-born British mathematician who has worked in various areas of mathematics, including functional analysis, combinatorics, graph theory, and percolation theory. He was strongly influenced by Paul Erdős from the age of 14. He is currently a professor and chair of excellence at the University of Memphis.

Percolation theory
In statistical physics and mathematics, percolation theory describes the behavior of a network when nodes or links are added. This is a geometric type of phase transition, since at a critical fraction of addition the network of small, disconnected clusters merge into significantly larger connected, so-called spanning clusters. The applications of percolation theory to materials science and in many other disciplines are discussed here and in the articles Network theory and Percolation (cognitive psychology).
Mitsubishi Concept PX-MiEV
The Mitsubishi Concept PX-MiEV is a prototype plug-in hybrid crossover utility vehicle, first exhibited at the Tokyo Motor Show in September 2009. It uses an 85 kW (116 PS; 114 hp) 1.6-litre gasoline engine as a powerplant and generator for two 30 kW electric motors, one on each axle. Mitsubishi claims it to be capable of up to 50 kilometres per litre (141 mpg‑imp; 118 mpg‑US) under optimal driving conditions.

The vehicle's exterior styling supposedly gives clues to the design of the third generation of Mitsubishi Outlander, as well as showcasing some technologies which could make it into production.

The Concept PX was also exhibited at the Los Angeles Auto Show in November 2009 and the Geneva Motor Show in March 2010.

Mitsubishi Concept PX MiEV

Tokyo Motor Show
The Japan Mobility Show (ジャパンモビリティショー), called Tokyo Motor Show (東京モーターショー) (TMS) until 2023, is a biennial auto show held in October–November at the Tokyo Big Sight, Tokyo, Japan for cars, motorcycles and commercial vehicles. Hosted by the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA), it is a recognized international show by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles, and normally sees more concept cars than actual production car introductions, which is the reason why the automotive press sees the show as one of the motorshow's big five (along with Detroit, Geneva, Frankfurt and Paris).

For the first time in its 67-year history, the show was cancelled for 2021 due to rising cases of COVID-19.
Ag Mohammed Wau Teguidda Kaocen
Kaocen Ag Geda (1880–1917) (also known as Kaocen, Kaosen, Kawsen) was a Tuareg noble and clan leader. Born in 1880 near wadi Tamazlaght Aïr (modern Niger), Kaocen from tribe of Ikazkazan berber, a subset of the Kel Owey confederation. He led the Kaocen revolt, a rebellion against French colonial rule of the area around the Aïr Mountains of northern Niger, during 1916–17.

After the defeat of the revolt, Kaocen fled north; he was captured and hanged in 1919 by local forces in Mourzouk, Libya.

Murzuk
Murzuk, Murzuq, Murzug or Merzug (Arabic: مرزق) is an oasis town and the capital of the Murzuq District in the Fezzan region of southwest Libya. It lies on the northern edge of the Murzuq Desert, an extremely arid region of ergs or great sand dunes which is part of the greater Sahara Desert.
Sally Whitwell
Sally Whitwell (born 1974) is an Australian classical music pianist, composer, arranger, conductor and teacher. She has released five solo albums all on the ABC Classics record label. The first three albums peaked in the top 5 on the ARIA Charts' Classical Albums.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2011 Whitwell won the Best Classical Album award for Mad Rush: Piano Music of Philip Glass. In 2012 she was nominated in the same category for The Good, the Bad and the Awkward. She won the same category in 2013 for All Imperfect Things: Solo Piano Music of Michael Nyman. Virginia Read won Engineer of the Year for that album and was also nominated for Producer of the Year.

2013 ARIA Music Awards
The 27th Annual Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) were a series of award ceremonies which included the 2013 ARIA Artisan Awards, ARIA Hall of Fame Awards, ARIA Fine Arts Awards and ARIA Awards. The last ceremony, the ARIA Awards, occurred on 1 December at the Star Event Centre, and was telecast on Nine Network's channel Go! at 7:30pm.

The final nominees for ARIA Award categories were announced on 14 October as well as nominees and winners for Fine Arts Awards and Artisan Awards. Public votes were used for the categories, "Song of the Year", "Best Australian Live Act", "Best International Artist" and "Best Video".

At the 1 December ceremony, ARIA inducted Air Supply into their Hall of Fame, and created a new award category, ARIA Industry Icon, which was awarded to promoter and record label owner, Michael Gudinski.
Tōbu-Nerima Station
Tōbu-Nerima Station (東武練馬駅, Tōbu-Nerima-eki) is a railway station on the Tobu Tojo Line in Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway. Despite its name, the station is not actually located in Nerima, Tokyo.

Itabashi
Itabashi (板橋区, Itabashi-ku; Japanese pronunciation: [i.taꜜ.ba.ɕi, -ta.ba.ɕi̥ꜜ.kɯ, -baꜜ.ɕi̥.kɯ]) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. In English, it is called Itabashi City. Itabashi has sister-city relations with Burlington, Ontario, in Canada; Shijingshan District of Beijing in the People's Republic of China; and Bologna in Italy.

As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 547,270, and a population density of 16,990 persons per km2. The total area is 32.22 km2.
Abdul Rahim Rather (born 1944)
Abdul Rahim Rather (born 1944) is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir. He is currently serving as the speaker of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly. He is a seven time MLA representing the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Party from Charar-i-Sharief Assembly constituency in Budgam district. He has served as a speaker and held several important ministries including finance in the previous National Conference governments.

Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
The Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) is a state political party in Jammu and Kashmir, India. The PDP was headed and founded by Mufti Mohammed Sayeed. His daughter, Mehbooba Mufti, succeeded him as party leader and as chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir following his death in January 2016. The party was a member of the People's Alliance for Gupkar Declaration electoral alliance. The party was also a member of the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance from its founding on 18 June 2023 till 2024

Currently Mehbooba Mufti remains as the president of the party, with Waheed Para serving as the legislative party leader in the J&K Assembly, Fayaz Ahmad Mir as whip  and Mirza Mehboob Beg as the Chief Spokesperson for the party.
Erdheim–Chester disease
Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD)  is an extremely rare disease classified as a non-Langerhans-cell histiocytic neoplasm. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined ECD as a slow-growing blood cancer that may originate in the bone marrow or precursor cells. Typical onset occurs in middle aged individuals, although pediatric cases have been documented. The exact cause of ECD remains unknown, though it is believed to be linked to an exaggerated TH1 immune response. The disease involves an infiltration of lipid-laden macrophages, multi-nucleated giant cells, an inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes and histiocytes in the bone marrow, and a generalized sclerosis of the long bones.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an abnormal clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells, abnormal cells deriving from bone marrow and capable of migrating from skin to lymph nodes.

Symptoms range from isolated bone lesions to multisystem disease. LCH is part of a group of syndromes called histiocytoses, which are characterized by an abnormal proliferation of histiocytes (an archaic term for activated dendritic cells and macrophages). These diseases are related to other forms of abnormal proliferation of white blood cells, such as leukemias and lymphomas.

The disease has gone by several names, including Hand–Schüller–Christian disease, Abt-Letterer-Siwe disease, Hashimoto-Pritzker disease (a very rare self-limiting variant seen at birth) and histiocytosis X, until it was renamed in 1985 by the Histiocyte Society.
Christianity in Abkhazia
Christianity is a main religion in Abkhazia. The history of introduction of Christianity in the present-day Abkhazia can be traced to the 1st century and in 325 the bishop of Pityus participated in the First Ecumenical Council in Nicaea. Since the late 9th century, the Orthodox dioceses of Abkhazia were subordinated to the Georgian Orthodox Church, later functioning there as the Catholicosate of Abkhazia.

Catholicate of Abkhazia
The Catholicate of Abkhazia (Georgian: აფხაზეთის საკათალიკოსო, romanized: apkhazetis sak'atalik'oso) was a subdivision of the Georgian Orthodox Church that existed as an independent entity in western Georgia from the 1470s to 1814. It was headed by the Catholicos (later, Catholicos Patriarch), officially styled as the Catholicos Patriarch of Imereti, Odishi, Ponto-Abkhaz-Guria, Racha-Lechkhum-Svaneti, Ossetians, Dvals, and all of the North. The residence of the Catholicoi was at Bichvinta (now Pitsunda) in Abkhazia (hence, the name of the Catholicate), but was moved to the Gelati Monastery in Imereti in the late 16th century. In 1814, the office of the Catholicos of Abkhazia was abolished by the Russian Empire which would take control of the Georgian church until 1917.
David Olyphant
David Washington Cincinnatus[A] Olyphant (March 7, 1789 – June 10, 1851) was an American trader in the Far East and "the father of the American Mission to China". He was an elected member of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), the organization that sent the first American missionaries to China in 1829.

Old China Trade
The Old China Trade (Chinese: 舊中國貿易) was the early commerce between the Qing Empire and the United States under the Canton System, spanning from shortly after the end of the American Revolutionary War in 1783 to the Treaty of Wanghia in 1844. The Old China Trade represented the beginning of relations between the United States and East Asia, including eventually U.S.–China relations. The maritime fur trade was a major aspect of the Old China Trade, as was illegal trafficking in opium. The trade era overlapped the First Opium War, which resulted from an attempt by China to enforce its prohibition on opium smuggling by Western traders and blockade-runners.
Noble S. Elderkin
Noble Strong Elderkin (August 28, 1810 in Potsdam, St. Lawrence County, New York – December 29, 1875 in Potsdam, St. Lawrence County, New York) was an American politician from New York. He was Speaker of the New York State Assembly in 1850.

St. Lawrence County, New York
St. Lawrence County is the northernmost county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 108,505. The county seat is Canton.
The county is named for the Saint Lawrence River. This was as named by early French explorer Jacques Cartier for the Christian saint Lawrence of Rome, as he visited the river on the saint's feast day. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

St. Lawrence County comprises the Ogdensburg-Massena, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area and is New York's largest county by area.
British NVC community OV18
British NVC community OV18 (Polygonum aviculare - Chamomilla suavolens community) is one of the open habitat communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of six communities characteristic of gateways, tracksides and courtyards.

This community is found throughout the lowlands and upland fringes of Britain on loamy and sandy soils that are disturbed or moderately trampled.

There are two subcommunities.

British National Vegetation Classification
The British National Vegetation Classification or NVC is a system of classifying natural habitat types in Great Britain according to the vegetation they contain.

A large scientific meeting of ecologists, botanists, and other related professionals in the United Kingdom resulted in the publication of a compendium of five books: British Plant Communities, edited by John S. Rodwell, which detail the incidence of plant species in twelve major habitat types in the British natural environment. They are the first systematic and comprehensive account of the vegetation types of the country. They cover all natural, semi-natural and major artificial habitats in Great Britain (not Northern Ireland) and represent fifteen years of research by leading plant ecologists.

From the data collated from the books, commercial software products have been developed to help to classify vegetation identified into one of the many habitat types found in Great Britain – these include MATCH, TABLEFIT and MAVIS.
Steam Controller
The Steam Controller is a game controller developed by Valve for use with personal computers, running Steam on Windows, macOS, Linux, smartphones or SteamOS. The controller was designed not only for games developed for controller users, but also for games traditionally played with keyboard and mouse controls. It was released in November 2015 along with Valve's Steam Machine and discontinued in November 2019. A second generation Steam Controller was announced in November 2025, alongside a new virtual reality headset named Steam Frame, and a new version of the Mini-PC-esque Steam Machine.

Steam Frame
Steam Frame is an upcoming virtual reality headset developed by Valve Corporation. Announced in November 2025 as part of a new lineup of Valve-produced hardware, and replacing the Valve Index, it is expected to be released in 2026.

The Frame is a standalone headset utilizing inside-out tracking, competing primarily with similar Android-based headsets such as Meta Quest. It can run software (including both VR and non-VR games) natively via its Linux-based SteamOS operating system, leveraging the existing Proton compatibility layer for Microsoft Windows software, as well as additional compatibility layers for Android apps (primarily for running software targeting similar standalone headsets), and running x86-64 code on its ARM-based CPU. It can also stream software wirelessly from a personal computer using Steam Link.
Japanese submarine Yu 21
Yu 21 was an Imperial Japanese Army transport submarine of the Yu 1 subclass of the Yu I type. Constructed for use during the latter stages of World War II, she served in the waters of the Japanese archipelago.

Japanese archipelago
The Japanese archipelago (Japanese: 日本列島, Hepburn: Nippon/Nihon Rettō; Japanese pronunciation: [ɲip.pon/ɲi.hon ɾeꜜt.toː]) is an archipelago of 14,125 islands that form the country of Japan. It extends over 3,000 km (1,900 mi) from the Sea of Okhotsk in the northeast to the East China and Philippine seas in the southwest along the Pacific coast of the Eurasian continent, and consists of three island arcs from north to south: the Northeastern Japan Arc, the Southwestern Japan Arc, and the Ryukyu Island Arc. The Daitō Islands, the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc, and the Kuril Islands neighbor the archipelago.

Japan is the largest island country in East Asia and the fourth-largest island country in the world with 377,975.24 km2 (145,937.06 sq mi). It has an exclusive economic zone of 4,470,000 km2 (1,730,000 mi2).
Ontario Legislative Building
The Ontario Legislative Building (French: L'édifice de l'Assemblée législative de l'Ontario) is a structure in central Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It houses the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, and the viceregal suite of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario and offices for members of the provincial parliament (MPPs). The building is surrounded by Queen's Park, sitting on that part south of Wellesley Street, which is the former site of King's College (later the University of Toronto), which was leased from the university by the municipal government of Toronto in 1859, for a "peppercorn" payment of CAD$1 per annum on a 999-year term. The southern portion of the site was later handed over to the provincial government.

The building and the provincial government are both often referred to by the metonym "Queen's Park".

Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
The lieutenant governor of Ontario (/lɛfˈtɛnənt/, in French: Lieutenant-gouverneur (if male) or Lieutenante-gouverneure (if female) de l'Ontario) is the representative in Ontario of the monarch, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada. The lieutenant governor of Ontario is appointed in the same manner as the other provincial viceroys in Canada and is similarly tasked with carrying out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties. The current lieutenant governor of Ontario is Edith Dumont, sworn in on November 14, 2023.
Cupp v. Murphy
Cupp v. Murphy, 412 U.S. 291 (1973), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld a murder conviction notwithstanding a challenge that the evidence upon which guilt was based was obtained in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. The court held that in view of the station-house detention upon probable cause, the very limited intrusion of scraping the defendant's fingernails for blood and other material, undertaken to preserve highly evanescent evidence, did not violate the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments.

Justice Stewart wrote for the majority. Based on this decision, it is permissible for police officers to conduct a limited search on a defendant when they believe that the defendant is likely to destroy evidence, provided that the search is limited to vindicating the purpose of preserving evidence.

Chimel v. California
Chimel v. California, 395 U.S. 752 (1969), was a 1969 United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that police officers arresting a person at his home could not search the entire home without a search warrant, but that police may search the area within immediate reach of the person without a warrant. The rule on searches incident to a lawful arrest within the home is now known as the Chimel rule.

Ronald M. George, the young deputy attorney general who unsuccessfully argued California's case, later became chief justice of the Supreme Court of California.
Dry Cleaning (band)
Dry Cleaning are an English post-punk band who formed in South London in 2017. The band is composed of vocalist Florence Shaw, guitarist Tom Dowse, bassist Lewis Maynard, and drummer Nick Buxton. They are noted for their use of spoken word primarily in lieu of sung vocals, as well as their unconventional lyrics. Their musical style has been compared to Wire, Magazine and Joy Division. They have been described as "Annette Peacock fronting the Fall or PiL or Siouxsie and the Banshees".

After releasing two EPs, the band's debut album, New Long Leg, was released in April 2021, followed by Stumpwork in October 2022 and Secret Love in January 2026.

Spoken word
Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem's as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of recitation and word play, such as the performer's live intonation and voice inflection. Spoken word is a catch-all term that includes any kind of poetry recited aloud, including poetry readings, poetry slams, jazz poetry, pianologues, musical readings, and hip hop music, and can include comedy routines and prose monologues. Unlike written poetry, the quality of spoken word is shaped less by the visual aesthetics on a page, and more from phonaesthetics or the aesthetics of sound.
Spanish frigate Nuestra Señora del Triunfo
Nuestra Señora del Triunfo (Our Lady of Triumph, an alternative name for Mary, mother of Jesus), sometimes referred to as Triunfo, was a Spanish Navy Lealtad-class screw frigate commissioned in 1862. She was destroyed by an accidental fire in 1864 during her only overseas deployment.

Steam frigate
Steam frigates (including screw frigates) and the smaller steam corvettes, steam sloops, steam gunboats and steam schooners were steam-powered warships that were not meant to stand in the line of battle. The first such ships were paddle steamers. Later on the invention of screw propulsion enabled construction of screw-powered versions of the traditional frigates, corvettes, sloops and gunboats.
Dwaar Kill (Wallkill River tributary)
The Dwaar Kill is a 17-mile-long (27 km) tributary of the Wallkill River that drains a 28-square-mile (73 km2) area of Orange and Ulster counties in the U.S. state of New York. It is the Wallkill's second-longest tributary after the Shawangunk Kill, whose course it parallels somewhat to the east.

Like the Wallkill and the Shawangunk, which also has a tributary named the Dwaar Kill, it flows in a northeastern direction toward the Hudson River via Rondout Creek. Unlike them it flows entirely through rural areas.

Ulster County, New York
Ulster County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. It is situated along the Hudson River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 182,977. The county seat is Kingston. The county is named after the Irish province of Ulster. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
Damakawa language
Damakawa is a moribund Benue–Congo language of northwest Nigeria. The language has become extinct, there are no longer any speakers of the language, although the oldest people can remember a few words. Approximately 80 or so words and phrases were collected, with difficulty, in April 2008 (the language seems to have been unknown to linguists until then).

The Damakawa have shifted to the nearby larger language C'Lela and it is likely that all or almost all of them also speak the lingua franca Hausa. The Hausa name for the ethnic group is also Damakawa.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
Adam Clarke
Adam Clarke (1762 – 26 August 1832) was an Irish writer and biblical scholar. As a writer and biblical scholar, he published an influential Bible commentary among other works. Additionally, he was a Methodist theologian who served three times as President of the Wesleyan Methodist Conference (British: 1806–07, 1814–15 and 1822–23), and of the Irish Conference (1811, 1812, 1816, 1822).

Biblical studies
Biblical studies is the academic application of a set of diverse disciplines to the study of the Bible, with Bible referring to the books of the canonical Hebrew Bible in mainstream Jewish usage and the Christian Bible including the canonical Old Testament and New Testament, respectively. For its theory and methods, the field draws on disciplines ranging from ancient history, historical criticism, philology, theology, textual criticism, literary criticism, historical backgrounds, mythology, and comparative religion.