hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2004–05 Four Hills Tournament
The 53rd edition of the annual Four Hills Tournament was held in the traditional venues: Oberstorf and Garmisch-Partenkirchen in Germany, and Innsbruck and Bischofshofen in Austria.

The Four Hills tournament counts as part of the World Cup season. Before the competition in Oberstorf, eight out of twenty-eight events were already held. Janne Ahonen had won seven of them, and placed second in the only one he did not. This early-season dominance of the Finnish athlete, who had already won the Four Hills tournament twice before, made him the favourite for the title, and Ahonen did not disappoint. He won the first three events, though he failed to become the second ski jumper after Sven Hannawald to win all four events of the tournament when runners-up  Martin Höllwarth snatched the victory at the final event in Bischofshofen.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Paul Wegener (Gauleiter)
Paul Wegener (1 October 1908 – 5 May 1993) was a German Nazi Party official and politician who served as the Gauleiter of Gau Weser-Ems as well as the Reichsstatthalter of both Bremen and the Free State of Oldenburg.

Bremen (state)
Bremen (German: [ˈbʁeːmən] ⓘ), officially the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen; Low German: Free Hansestadt Bremen), is the smallest and least populous of Germany's 16 states. It is informally called Land Bremen ('State of Bremen'), although the term is sometimes used in official contexts. The state consists of the city of Bremen and its seaport exclave, Bremerhaven, surrounded by the larger state of Lower Saxony in northern Germany.
Stan Lopata
Stanley Edward Lopata (September 12, 1925 – June 15, 2013) was an American professional baseball player. A catcher, Lopata played in Major League Baseball for 13 seasons in the National League with the Philadelphia Phillies and Milwaukee Braves. In 853 career games, Lopata recorded a batting average of .254 and accumulated 661 hits, 116 home runs, and 379 runs batted in (RBI).

A two-time all-star, he was the first National League catcher to wear glasses.

Del Crandall
Delmar Wesley Crandall (March 5, 1930 – May 5, 2021) was an American professional baseball player and manager. Crandall played as a catcher in Major League Baseball from 1949 to 1966, most prominently as a member of the Boston / Milwaukee Braves where, he was an 11-time All-Star player and was a member of the 1957 World Series winning team.

A four-time Gold Glove Award winner, Crandall was the top defensive catcher of his era, leading the National League in assists a record-tying six times, in fielding percentage four times and in putouts three times. Crandall was the last living player to have played for the Boston Braves. In 2003, Crandall was inducted into the Braves Hall of Fame.
Behavioral momentum
Behavioral momentum is a theory in quantitative analysis of behavior and is a behavioral metaphor based on physical momentum. It describes the general relation between resistance to change (persistence of behavior) and the rate of reinforcement obtained in a given situation.

B. F. Skinner (1938) proposed that all behavior is based on a fundamental unit of behavior called the discriminated operant. The discriminated operant, also known as the three-term contingency, has three components: an antecedent discriminative stimulus, a response, and a reinforcing or punishing consequence. The organism responds in the presence of the stimulus because past responses in the presence of that stimulus have produced reinforcement.

Rate of reinforcement
In behaviorism, rate of reinforcement is number of reinforcements per time, usually per minute. Symbol of this rate is usually Rf. Its first major exponent was B.F. Skinner (1939). It is used in the Matching Law.

Rf = # of reinforcements/unit of time = SR+/t
René Piché
René Louis Piché (May 5, 1931 – January 22, 2011) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1981 to 1985 who represented the northern Ontario riding of Cochrane North. He served as a minister without portfolio in the cabinet of Frank Miller. He was mayor of Kapuskasing from 1971 to 1980 and again from 1991 to 1993.

Cochrane (federal electoral district)
Cochrane (also known as Cochrane North and Cochrane—Superior) was a federal electoral district in the province of Ontario, Canada. It was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1997.
Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Nesselmann
Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Nesselmann  (February 14, 1811 in Fürstenau, near Tiegenhof, West Prussia (now Kmiecin, within Nowy Dwór Gdański) – January 7, 1881 in Königsberg) was a German orientalist, a philologist with interests in Baltic languages, and a mathematics historian.

At the University of Königsberg he studied mathematics under Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi and Friedrich Julius Richelot, and oriental philology under Peter von Bohlen. In 1837 he received his PhD at Königsberg, where in 1859 he became a full professor of Arabic and Sanskrit.

In his book "Die Sprache der alten Preußen" (The language of the Old Prussians, 1845), he suggested the term "Baltic languages".

Peter van Bohlen
Peter von Bohlen (9 March 1796 – 6 February 1840) was a German Orientalist and Indologist. He was a professor at the University of Königsberg.

He spent the first 20 years of his life in strained circumstances. His talents and perseverance attracted attention, and he obtained admission to the Hamburg gymnasium. He afterward studied the Eastern languages at Halle and Bonn. He then obtained an appointment at Königsberg, first in 1825 as extraordinary, and afterward in 1830 as ordinary professor of oriental literature.
The Testimony (1946 film)
The Testimony (Italian: Il testimone) is 1946 Italian crime film directed by Pietro Germi and starring Roldano Lupi, Marina Berti and Ernesto Almirante.  It is one of several films regarded as an antecedent of the later giallo thrillers. The film was made at the Farnesina Studios of Titanus in Rome. The sets were designed by the art director Salvo D'Angelo.

Roldano Lupi
Roldano Squassoni, known professionally as Roldano Lupi (8 February 1909 – 14 August 1989) was an Italian film actor. He appeared in 60 films between 1942 and 1967. He was born in Milan, Italy and died in Rome, Italy.
This Much I Know to Be True
This Much I Know to Be True is a 2022 British documentary film directed by Andrew Dominik. It is a companion to Dominik's documentary One More Time with Feeling (2016). The film had its world premiere on 12 February 2022 at the 72nd Berlin International Film Festival.

One More Time with Feeling
One More Time with Feeling is a 2016 British documentary film directed by Andrew Dominik. It documents the recording of Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds' sixteenth studio album, Skeleton Tree, in the aftermath of the death of Nick Cave's 15-year-old son Arthur.
O'Malley of the Mounted (1921 film)
O'Malley of the Mounted is a 1921 American silent Western film directed by Lambert Hillyer and written by Hillyer and William S. Hart. The film stars William S. Hart, Eva Novak, Leo Willis, Alfred Allen, Bert Sprotte, and Antrim Short. The film was released on February 6, 1921, by Paramount Pictures.

Bert Sprotte
Bert Sprotte (9 December 1870 – 30 December 1949) was a German actor. He appeared in more than 70 American films between 1918 and 1938. He was born in Chemnitz, Saxony, and died in Los Angeles, California.
Cell encapsulation
Cell encapsulation is a possible solution to graft rejection in tissue engineering applications.  Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane. It permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins.  At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells, regarding them as foreign invaders. On the other hand, single-cell nanoencapsulation (SCNE) involves the formation of nanometric shells around individual living cells.

Cell encapsulation could reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.

Growth factor
A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cell proliferation, wound healing, and occasionally cellular differentiation. Usually it is a secreted protein or a steroid hormone.
Wilsão
Wilson Vaterkemper (born 3 September 1963), known as Wilsão or just Wilson, is a Brazilian football manager and former player who played as a central defender. He is the current general coordinator of Criciúma.

Criciúma Esporte Clube
Criciúma Esporte Clube is a Brazilian professional club based in Criciúma, Santa Catarina founded on 13 May 1947.

Criciúma is the most successful team from Santa Catarina, having won the 1991 Copa do Brasil, the 2002 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, and the 2006 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C.
Noah Sadiki
Noah Junior Sadiki (born 17 December 2004) is a  professional footballer who plays as a full-back, centre-back or defensive midfielder for Premier League club Sunderland. Born in Belgium, he represents the DR Congo national team.

DR Congo national football team
The DR Congo national football team (French: Équipe nationale de football de la République démocratique du Congo), recognised by FIFA as Congo DR and by CAF as DR Congo, represents the Democratic Republic of the Congo in men's international football and it is controlled by the Congolese Association Football Federation. They are nicknamed Les Léopards, meaning The Leopards. The team is a member of FIFA and the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

DR Congo have been ranked as high as 28th in the FIFA Rankings; as Zaire, they were the first Sub-Saharan African team to qualify for the FIFA World Cup, and twice won the Africa Cup of Nations. They are also one of the most successful teams in the African Nations Championship with two titles, second only to Morocco with three. They are currently ranked 56th in the FIFA Rankings.

DR Congo have previously competed variously as Belgian Congo, Congo-Kinshasa and Zaïre.  Their appearance at the 1974 FIFA World Cup was as Zaïre.
FK Lofoten
FK Lofoten is a Norwegian football club, currently playing in the 4. Divisjon. The club was formed as a merger between Svolvær IL and Kabelvåg IL in 1992. The club played in the 1. divisjon in the 1999 season, but was relegated after one season.

Norwegian First Division
The Norwegian First Division, also called 1. divisjon (Norwegian: første divisjon) and OBOS-ligaen (due to  sponsoring ties with OBOS), is the second-highest level of the Norwegian football league system. Each year, the top finishing teams in the 1. divisjon are promoted to the Eliteserien, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to 2. divisjon.

1. divisjon was previously known as 2. divisjon (1963–1990) and replaced regional league Landsdelsserien (1951–1962) after the latter was dissolved after the 1961–62 season. The second tier was also prior to Landsdelsserien known as 1. divisjon (1948–1951). Formally, it was a semi-professional league. The tier has been restructured many times and consists of 16 teams at present.
Cora G. Burwell
Cora Gertrude Burwell (June 25, 1883 – June 20, 1982) was an American astronomical researcher specialized in stellar spectroscopy. She was based at Mount Wilson Observatory from 1907 to 1949. Burwell compiled several catalogs of Be stars before 1950, and co-authored papers with astronomers Dorrit Hoffleit, Henrietta Hill Swope, Walter Sydney Adams, Milton L. Humason, and Paul W. Merrill.

Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, infrared and radio waves that radiate from stars and other celestial objects. A stellar spectrum can reveal many properties of stars, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance and luminosity. Spectroscopy can show the velocity of motion towards or away from the observer by measuring the Doppler shift. Spectroscopy is also used to study the physical properties of many other types of celestial objects such as planets, nebulae, galaxies, and active galactic nuclei.
Weekend Breakfast (radio show)
Weekend Breakfast was an Australian radio station breakfast show on the Hit Network. The show aired from 7 am to 9 am on weekend mornings with music and daily topic discussions and special guests. News, sport, weather and traffic updates were presented throughout the show.

Hit Network
The Hit Network is an Australian commercial radio network owned and operated by Southern Cross Austereo. The network consists of 41 radio stations broadcasting a hot adult contemporary music format, as well as 6 digital radio stations.
Muriel Peak
Muriel Peak is a 12,937-foot-elevation (3,943-meter) double summit mountain located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Fresno County, California, United States. The true summit is set within the John Muir Wilderness on land managed by Sierra National Forest, whereas the slightly lower south summit is on the boundary shared with Kings Canyon National Park. It is situated one mile northeast of Mount Goethe and one mile south of Muriel Lake. Muriel Peak is the 167th-highest peak in California, and topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,600 feet (490 meters) above Muriel Lake.

John Muir Wilderness
The John Muir Wilderness is a wilderness area that extends along the crest of the Sierra Nevada of California for 90 miles (140 km), in the Inyo and Sierra National Forests.  Established in 1964 by the Wilderness Act and named for naturalist John Muir, it encompasses 652,793 acres (2,641.76 km2). The wilderness lies along the eastern escarpment of the Sierra from near Mammoth Lakes and Devils Postpile National Monument in the north, to Cottonwood Pass near Mount Whitney in the south. The wilderness area also spans the Sierra crest north of Kings Canyon National Park, and extends on the west side of the park down to the Monarch Wilderness.
Fridericus
Fridericus is a 1937 German historical film directed by Johannes Meyer and starring Otto Gebühr, Hilde Körber and Lil Dagover. It is based on the life of Frederick II of Prussia. It was part of the popular cycle of Prussian films and was shot at the Halensee Studios in Berlin and on location in Brandenburg. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Otto Erdmann and Hans Sohnle.

Lil Dagover
Lil Dagover (German: [lil ˈdaː.ɡo.vɐ] ⓘ; born Marie Antonia Siegelinde Martha Seubert; 30 September 1887 – 23 January 1980) was a German actress whose film career spanned from 1913 to 1979. She was a popular film actress in the Weimar Republic.
Jack Carter (comedian)
Jack Carter (born Jack Chakrin; June 24, 1922 – June 28, 2015) was an American comedian, actor and television presenter. Born in Brooklyn, Carter had a long-running comedy act similar to fellow rapid-paced contemporaries Milton Berle and Morey Amsterdam.

Morey Amsterdam
Moritz "Morey" Amsterdam (December 14, 1908 – October 28, 1996) was an American actor, comedian, writer and producer. Between 1948 and 1950, he hosted his own TV sitcom The Morey Amsterdam Show. He played Buddy Sorrell on CBS's The Dick Van Dyke Show from 1961 to 1966.
The Terror (1928 film)
The Terror is a lost 1928 American pre-Code horror film written by Harvey Gates and directed by Roy Del Ruth, based on the 1927 play of the same name by Edgar Wallace. It was the second "all-talking" feature film released by Warner Bros. Pictures, following Lights of New York. It was also the first all-talking horror film, made using the Vitaphone sound-on-disc system.

Sound-on-disc
Sound-on-disc is a class of sound film processes using a phonograph or other disc to record or play back sound in sync with a motion picture. Early sound-on-disc systems used a mechanical interlock with the movie projector, while more recent systems use timecodes.
Raynard Roets
Raynard Roets (born 9 April 2001) is a South African rugby union player for the Blue Bulls in the Currie Cup. His regular position is lock.

Roets was named in the Blue Bulls side for the 2022 Currie Cup Premier Division. He made his Currie Cup debut for the Blue Bulls against the Free State Cheetahs in Round 2 of the 2022 Currie Cup Premier Division.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Than Kywe
Myoma Than Kywe (Burmese: မြို့မ သန်းကြွယ်, pronounced [mjo̰ma̰ θáɰ̃ tɕwɛ̀]; 26 December 1924  – 22 September 1983) was a Burmese politician. He was one of the negotiators of the historical Panglong Conference. The signing of Panglong Agreement is now celebrated as a national holiday, Union Day, in Myanmar.

Panglong Agreement
The Panglong Agreement (Burmese: ပင်လုံစာချုပ် [pɪ̀ɰ̃ lòʊɰ̃ sà dʑoʊʔ]) was reached in Panglong, Southern Shan State, between the Burmese government under Aung San and the Shan Committee, Kachin Committee, and Chin Committee peoples on 12 February 1947. The anniversary of this agreement, which promised autonomy to ethnic minorities, is celebrated annually as Union Day.
Fadi Farra
Fadi Farra (born 10 June 1973) is a Lebanese-French scientist, author, and the founder of Whiteshield Partners. Farra's work focuses on industrial policies, innovation, microeconomics, and private sector development. Previously, he served as a head of unit at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris, and worked as a strategy consultant with firms such as the Boston Consulting Group and AT Kearney.

Boston Consulting Group
Boston Consulting Group, Inc. (BCG) is an American global management consulting firm founded in 1963 and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. It is one of the "Big Three" (also known as "MBB", representing the first initials of world's three largest management consulting firms by revenue) along with McKinsey & Company and Bain & Company. Since 2021, BCG has been led by the German executive Christoph Schweizer.
Phyllis Faria
Phyllis Yolanda Virginia Faria (née de Souza; 17 April 1924 – 22 February 2018) was an Indian politician and nominated MLA of the Goa Legislative Assembly. She also served as the President of the Mapusa Municipal Council.

Goa Legislative Assembly
The Goa Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the state of Goa in India. The Assembly meets at the Goa State Legislative Assembly Complex in Porvorim, Bardez. The Eighth Goa Legislative Assembly consists of 40 members. The assembly is in charge of the budget, the Assembly appropriates money for social programs, agricultural development, infrastructure development, etc. It is also responsible for proposing and levying taxes.
K-Mart Disco
K-Mart Disco is an unofficial demo album by American band Scissor Sisters, released internationally in 2007. It features most of the tracks from their initial demo album as well as other tracks never released on their studio albums or singles, including their first release "Electrobix". The cover is a parody of the classic Pink Floyd album The Dark Side of the Moon.

Jake Shears has stated through the band's official Twitter that the band had nothing to do with this release, nor did he like the title.

Electrobix
"Electrobix" is a song by American band Scissor Sisters and is the first single from the Scissor Sisters' 2003 demo album. Released as a 12-inch vinyl EP in 2002, "Electrobix" is not the best-known track on the EP, with its B-side "Comfortably Numb" gaining much more club and airplay than the A-side.

The track resurfaced on A Touch of Class's 2004 compilation album Remixed!. The versions found on this album are the 12" mix and the "Hungry Wives Passive Depressive" mix.

There is much debate as to whether a video of "Electrobix" exists. Clips shown on the band's first DVD We Are Scissor Sisters… And So Are You of Jake taking pills and reading muscle magazines and Ana's mouthing of the words "Are you a Scissor Sister" amongst an aerobic class suggest a video exists.
Hot Spot 2 Much
Hot Spot 2 Much is a 2026 Indian Tamil-language anthology film directed by Vignesh Karthick, starring Priya Bhavani Shankar, M. S. Bhaskar, Thambi Ramaiah, Rakshan, Ashwin Kumar, Aadhitya Baaskar, Bhavani Sre, Brigida Saga, and Sanjana Tiwari. It is a spiritual successor to the 2024 film Hot Spot. The film is jointly produced by K. J. Balamanimarbhan and Aneel K. Reddy under their KJB Talkies and Ants to Elephants banner and presented by Vishnu Vishal under his Vishnu Vishal Studioz banner.

The technical team consists of cinematography by Jagadeesh Ravi and Joseph Paul, editing by Muthayan U, and music by Satish Raghunathan.

Hot Spot 2 Much was released in theatres on 23 January 2026 to mixed reviews from critics.

Hot Spot (film)
Hot Spot is a 2024 Indian Tamil-language anthology film directed by Vignesh Karthick and starring Kalaiyarasan, Sofia, Sandy, Ammu Abhirami, Janani, Gouri G. Kishan, Subash and Adithya Bhaskar. The film was released on 29 March 2024 to positive reviews from critics but performed poorly at the box office.
Ivan Derkos
Ivan Derkos (also spelled as Ioannes Derkoosz, 1808 in Vukmanić near Karlovac – 1834 in Zagreb) was a Croatian politician associated with the beginning of the Illyrian movement, the 19th-century Croatian national revival movement. He gained prominence by reading a series of notes written by Fran Kurelac in defence of lectures on the Croatian language held at the University of Zagreb by Matija Smodek in 1832.

Derkos wrote the pamphlet Genius patriae super dormientibus suis filiis in Latin language arguing for cultural and political unification of Habsburg realms of Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia as the Triune Kingdom of Croatia and introduction of the Croatian language in official use. The work is thought of as an integral element of the foundations of the Illyrian movement.

Kingdom of Slavonia
The Kingdom of Slavonia (Croatian: Kraljevina Slavonija, Latin: Regnum Sclavoniae, Hungarian: Szlavón Királyság, German: Königreich Slawonien, Serbian Cyrillic: Краљевина Славонија) was a kingdom of the Habsburg monarchy and the Austrian Empire that existed from 1699 to 1868. The kingdom included northern parts of present-day regions of Slavonia (today in Croatia) and Syrmia (today in Serbia and Croatia). The southern parts of these regions were part of the Slavonian Military Frontier, which was a component of the Military Frontier separating the Habsburg monarchy from the Ottoman Empire.
Daniel Noce
Daniel Noce (1894−1976) was a U.S. Army Lieutenant General who served in both world wars.

Over his decorated military career he rose to the position of Inspector General of the Army. Following his retirement from the armed forces, he served as an executive at Michigan's Donnelly-Kelley Glass Company.

Noce died in Sperryville, Virginia on February 17, 1976.

Inspector general
An inspector general is an investigative official in a civil or military organization. The plural of the term is "inspectors general".

In some countries, inspector general is also a formal rank or title in civil, police, or military services, where it refers to a senior officer rather than an investigative position. The duties and authority of the role vary by country and organization.