hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Adams (spiritual teacher)
Robert Adams (January 21, 1928–March 2, 1997) was an American Advaita teacher.  In later life, Adams held satsang with a small group of devotees in California, USA. He mainly advocated the path of jñāna yoga with an emphasis on the practice of self-enquiry.

Adams' teachings were not well known in his lifetime but have since been widely circulated amongst those investigating the philosophy of Advaita and the Western devotees of Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi. A book of his teachings, Silence of the Heart: Dialogues with Robert Adams, was published in 1999.

A number of his statements about the ashram of his guru Ramana Maharshi and about their interaction have raised controversy as to their accuracy.

Self-enquiry (Ramana Maharshi)
Self-enquiry, also spelled self-inquiry (Sanskrit vichara, also called jnana-vichara or ātma-vichār), is the constant attention to the inner awareness of "I" or "I am" recommended by Ramana Maharshi as the most efficient and direct way of discovering the unreality of the "I"-thought.

Ramana Maharshi taught that the "I"-thought will disappear and only "I-I" or self-awareness remains. This results in an "effortless awareness of being", and by staying with it this "I-I" gradually destroys the vasanas "which cause the 'I'-thought to rise," and finally the 'I'-thought never rises again, which is Self-realization or liberation.
Shantel Krebs
Shantel Swedlund Krebs (born April 28, 1973) is an American businesswoman and former South Dakota Secretary of State. She previously served in the South Dakota House of Representatives and South Dakota Senate.

Shantel Krebs is currently CEO and regional president for Avera St. Mary's Hospital in Pierre, SD. Prior to this role, she was a founding partner with Avera Health and Southeast Technical Institute of the Avera Academy.  She served as administrator for Avera Academy, a program that trains high school students for careers in healthcare. From 2019 to 2023, Krebs was also board chair and Chief Executive Officer of The Miss America Organization.

South Dakota House of Representatives
The South Dakota House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Dakota Legislature. It consists of 70 members, two from each legislative district. Two of the state's 35 legislative districts, Districts 26 and 28, are each subdivided into two single-member districts (26A/26B and 28A/28B). The South Dakota House of Representatives meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
TV Genius
TV Genius was a United Kingdom-based software company that specialize in TV search engines, TV recommendation engines, and EPG development. It was acquired by Red Bee Media in August 2011, and by Ericsson in July 2013. TV Genius became an integral part of the RedDiscovery portfolio with its core work related to TV solutions provided across TV, mobile, web, set top boxes, and devices like PlayStation and Nintendo Wii. The company worked with television operators in pay TV, IPTV, TV listings publishers, and mobile TV providers.  It was known for its 3-screen TV search and for developing the Facebook-integrated EPG.

The company was founded in 2005 by the former project director of BBC News Online, Bob Eggington, and by Tom Weiss.

Set-top box
A set-top box (STB), also known as a cable box, receiver, or simply box, and historically television decoder or a converter, is an information appliance device that generally contains a TV tuner input and displays output to a television set, turning the source signal into content in a form that can then be displayed on the television screen or other display device. It is designed to be placed alongside or "on top" (hence the name) of a television set.

Set-top boxes are used in cable television, satellite television, terrestrial television and Internet Protocol television systems, as well as other uses such as digital media players ("streaming boxes"). Alternatives to set-top boxes are the smaller dongles, and television sets with built-in TV tuners.
Turkey at the 1936 Winter Olympics
Turkey participated at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, held between 6 and 16 February 1936. The country's participation in the Games marked its debut appearance at the Winter Olympics.

The Turkish team consisted of six athletes including two women who competed across two sports. Skier Mehmut Şevket Karman was the country's flag-bearer during the opening ceremony. The team did not win any medals.

Mehmut Şevket Karman
Mehmut Şevket Karman (16 May 1912 – 3 October 1989) was a Turkish alpine skier and cross-country skier. He competed in the men's combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.

Karman was the flag bearer for Turkey in the opening ceremony of the 1936 Olympic Games. He competed in two disciplines: alpine skiing and cross-country skiing. In alpine skiing, he competed in the combined event – the only alpine competition. After the downhill he was ranked 59th, out of the classified alpine skiers he was only ahead of his compatriot Reşat Erceş. In the slalom, he was disqualified, leaving him unclassified. In cross-country skiing he finished 72nd in the 18 km event. He also competed in the 4 × 10 km relay, but he and his team recorded a DNF.
Mohammad Tofiq Rahim
Mohammad Tofiq Rahim (Kurdish: محه‌مه‌د تۆفیق ره‌حیم) (born 1953) is an Iraqi Kurdish politician. Born in Sulaymaniyah city in 1953, Rahim is currently the secretary of the internal departments of Iraqi Kurdistan's largest opposition grouping Movement for Change.

Sulaymaniyah
Sulaymaniyah or Slemani (Kurdish: سلێمانی, romanized: Silêmanî; Arabic: السليمانية, romanized: as-Sulaymāniyyah), is a city in the east of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and is the capital of the Sulaymaniyah Governorate. It is surrounded by the Azmar, Goizha and Qaiwan Mountains in the northeast, Baranan Mountain in the south and the Tasluja Hills in the west. The city has a semi-arid climate with very hot dry summers and cold wet winters.

The modern city of Slemani was founded in 1784 by the Ottoman-Kurdish prince Ibrahim Pasha Baban in Collaboration with Azim Beg and Haji Aziz Bey Aghal Dwanze Swarey Meriwane Jawamer Agha Rangena, who named it after his father Sulayman Pasha. Slemani was the capital of the historic Kurdish principality of Baban from 1784 to 1850.
Sole proprietorship
A sole proprietorship, also known as a sole tradership, individual entrepreneurship or proprietorship, is a type of enterprise owned and run by only one person and in which there is no legal distinction between the owner and the business entity. A sole trader does not necessarily work alone and may employ other people.

The sole trader receives all profits (subject to taxation specific to the business) and has unlimited responsibility for all losses and debts. Every asset of the business is owned by the proprietor, and all debts of the business are that of the proprietor; the business is not a separate legal entity. The arrangement is a "sole" proprietorship in contrast with a partnership, which has at least two owners.

Sole proprietors may use a trade name or business name other than their legal name. They may have to trademark their business name legally if it differs from their own legal name, with the process varying depending upon country of residence.

Debt
Debt is an obligation that requires one party, the debtor, to pay money borrowed or otherwise withheld from another party, the creditor. Debt may be owed by a sovereign state or country, local government, company, or an individual. Commercial debt is generally subject to contractual terms regarding the amount and timing of repayments of principal and interest. Loans, bonds, notes, and mortgages are all types of debt. In financial accounting, debt is a type of financial transaction, as distinct from equity.

The term can also be used metaphorically to cover moral obligations and other interactions not based on a monetary value. For example, in Western cultures, a person who has been helped by a second person is sometimes said to owe a "debt of gratitude" to the second person.
1994–95 Regionalliga
The 1994–95 Regionalliga season was the first year of the Regionalliga as the third tier of German football. There were four regional sections, Nord, Nordost, West-Südwest and Süd, each with eighteen teams. Most teams qualified from the Oberliga, which dropped to become a fourth-tier league, while five teams were relegated from the previous year's 2. Bundesliga. In the Nord section, four teams were promoted from the formerly fourth-tier Verbandsliga.

The four regional champions were all promoted directly to the 2. Bundesliga. The four runners-up entered the Amateur Championship, which was not a promotion playoff. Twelve teams were relegated, although the amount per region varied depending on the teams relegated from the second tier.

This was the last season of two points for a win, before it was increased to three.

Regionalliga Süd (1994–2012)
The Regionalliga Süd (English: Regional League South) was the fourth tier of the German football league system from 2008 to 2012. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008, it was the third tier. It was the highest regional league for the southern part of Germany. It covered the states of Bavaria, Hesse and Baden-Württemberg and was one of three leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga West.

The league was disbanded at the end of the 2011–12 season, with the Bavarian clubs joining the new Regionalliga Bayern while the others joined the clubs from the southwest of Germany to form the new Regionalliga Südwest.

From 1963 to 1974, a Regionalliga Süd existed as the second tier of the German football league system, but this league is not directly related to the current one.
Eastern Upper Peninsula Transportation Authority
The Eastern Upper Peninsula Transportation Authority (EUPTA) is the operator of ferry and bus services in Chippewa and Luce counties, in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The EUPTA ferry system connects Drummond, Neebish, and Sugar islands to the Upper Peninsula mainland, using a fleet of four vessels. EUPTA's bus operations include a scheduled route between Sault Ste. Marie and Kincheloe, and a dial-a-ride service in Newberry.

Sugar Island (Michigan)
Sugar Island is an island in the U.S. state of Michigan in the St. Marys River between the United States and the Canadian province of Ontario. The entire island constitutes Sugar Island Township in Chippewa County at the eastern tip of the Upper Peninsula. According to the 2000 census there were 683 people living on a land area of 128 square kilometers (49 square miles); about 14 people per square mile.
George Baguma
George W. Baguma, is a Ugandan businessman and entrepreneur. He is the current chief commercial officer and marketing director at Cipla Quality Chemical Industries Limited. George Baguma is a founder investor in QCIL and is a member of the company's board of directors.

Quality Chemical Industries Limited
Quality Chemical Industries Limited (QCIL), formerly Cipla Quality Chemical Industries Limited (CiplaQCIL) is a pharmaceutical manufacturing company, established in Uganda in 2005. The company is the largest producer of World Health Organization (WHO) pre-qualified HIV/AIDS and malaria treatments in the region. According to a 2007 published report, QCIL was the only company in Africa to manufacture triple-combination antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. QCIL currently produces TLD (a combination of tenofovir, lamivudine and dolutegravir), the latest first-line treatment used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS. QCIL also manufactures antimalarials (ACTs), including Lumartem, containing artemisinin and lumefantrine, and the Hepatitis B generic medicines  Texavir and Zentair.

The company also manufactures antibacterials, anti-hypertensives, vasodilators, anti-emetics, antibiotics and antidiabetics.
Skull bossing
Skull bossing is a descriptive term in medical physical examination indicating a protuberance of the skull, most often in the frontal bones of the forehead ("frontal bossing"). Although prominence of the skull bones may be normal, skull bossing may be associated with certain medical conditions, including nutritional, metabolic, hormonal, and hematologic disorders.

Frontal bone
In the human skull, the frontal bone or sincipital bone is an unpaired bone which consists of two portions. These are the vertically oriented squamous part, and the horizontally oriented orbital part, making up the bony part of the forehead, part of the bony orbital cavity holding the eye, and part of the bony part of the nose respectively. The name comes from the Latin word frons (meaning "forehead").
Cartel Land
Cartel Land is a 2015 American documentary film directed by Matthew Heineman about the Mexican drug war, especially vigilante groups fighting Mexican drug cartels. The film focuses on Tim "Nailer" Foley, the leader of Arizona Border Recon, and Dr. José Mireles, a Michoacán-based physician who leads the Autodefensas. The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2016.

Grupos de autodefensa comunitaria
Grupos de autodefensas (self-defenders groups) or Policía Comunitaria (Community Police) or Policía Popular (People's Police) are vigilante self-defense groups that arose in the Gulf of Mexico and South Mexico regions between 2012 and 2013. The Mexican government has attempted to monitor and absorb these groups into the federal government to act as Rural Police in order to avoid clashes between the paramilitaries and the Mexican Armed Forces itself.
Angélique Victoire, Comtesse de Chastellux
Angélique Victoire de Durfort-Civrac (2 December 1752 – 14 November 1816), Countess of Chastellux, was a French courtier.  She served as dame d'honneur to Madame Victoire, daughter of King Louis XV, from 1786 to 1799.

Victoire of France
Victoire of France (Marie Louise Thérèse Victoire; 11 May 1733 - 7 June 1799) was a French princess, the daughter of King Louis XV and Queen Marie Leszczyńska. She was named after her parents and Queen Maria Theresa, her great-great-grandmother and the consort of Louis XIV.

Originally known as Madame Quatrième, signifying that she was the fourth daughter of the King, she was later known as Madame Victoire. She outlived eight of her nine siblings, and her older sister Adélaïde of France died less than a year after her. The sisters were collectively known as the Mesdames.
Kalaktang Assembly constituency
Kalaktang is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Arunachal Pradesh state in India.

It is part of West Kameng district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes.

West Kameng district
West Kameng district (pronounced ˈkæmɛŋ) is a district of Arunachal Pradesh in northeastern India. It accounts for 8.86% of the total area of the state.  The name is derived from the Kameng river, a tributary of the Brahmaputra, that flows through the district.
Word n-gram language model
A word n-gram language model is a statistical model of language which calculates the probability of the next word in a sequence from a fixed size window of previous words. If one previous word is considered, it is a bigram model; if two words, a trigram model; if n − 1 words, an n-gram model.

Special tokens are introduced to denote the start and end of a sentence  and . To prevent a zero probability being assigned to unseen words, the probability of each seen word is slightly lowered to make room for the unseen words in a given corpus. To achieve this, various smoothing methods are used, from simple "add-one" smoothing (assigning a count of 1 to unseen n-grams, as an uninformative prior) to more sophisticated techniques, such as Good–Turing discounting or back-off models.

Word n-gram models have largely been superseded by recurrent neural network–based models, which in turn have been superseded by Transformer-based models often referred to as large language models.

Text corpus
In linguistics and natural language processing, a corpus (pl.: corpora) or text corpus is a dataset, consisting of  natively digital and older, digitalized, language resources, either annotated or unannotated. Annotated, they have been used in corpus linguistics for statistical hypothesis testing, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules within a specific language territory.
Chennai Egmore railway station
Chennai Egmore (also known as Chennai Elumbur, formerly Madras Egmore) (station code: MS), is a major railway station in Chennai, India. It is classified as a NSG–1 category station and comes under the purview of the Chennai railway division of the Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It is situated in the neighbourhood of Egmore, with the main entrance situated on Gandhi-Irwin road and the rear entrance on Poonamallee high road. It caters to inter-city express trains, multiple units, and suburban services.

The station served as the terminus of the South Indian Railway Company in Madras since the 1880s. The construction of the terminal building began in September 1905 and it was officially opened on 11 June 1908. The building is built in Indo Saracenic style. In 1951, the station became part of the Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.

Chennai railway division
Chennai railway division is one of the six railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Chennai Division was formed on 31 August 1956 . Currently, it has a route length of over 697.93 km and  track length of 1934.68 km. Its administrative headquarters is in Chennai, which also happens to be the headquarters of the Southern Railway.
Mann & Grimmer M.1
The Mann & Grimmer M.1 was a British prototype two-seat fighter aircraft of the First World War. It was a single-engined biplane with a radial engine in the aircraft's nose driving two pusher propellers, which was hoped to give a good field of fire for the gunner and high performance. Only one example was built, with no production following.

Pusher configuration
In aeronautical and naval engineering, pusher configuration is the term used to describe a drivetrain of air- or watercraft with propulsion device(s) after the engine(s).  This is in contrast to the more conventional tractor configuration, which places them in front.

Though the term is most commonly applied to aircraft, its most ubiquitous propeller example is a common outboard motor for a small boat.

“Pusher configuration” describes the specific (propeller or ducted fan) thrust device attached to a craft, either aerostats (airship) or aerodynes (aircraft, WIG, paramotor, rotorcraft) or others types such as hovercraft, airboats, and propeller-driven snowmobiles.
Verigy
Verigy Ltd was a Cupertino, California-based semiconductor automatic test equipment manufacturer. The company existed as a business within Hewlett-Packard before it was spun off in 2006 as a standalone company. It was purchased by Advantest in 2011.

Automatic test equipment
Automatic test equipment or automated test equipment (ATE) is any apparatus that performs tests on a device, known as the device under test (DUT), equipment under test (EUT) or unit under test (UUT), using automation to quickly perform measurements and evaluate the test results. An ATE can be a simple computer-controlled digital multimeter, or a complicated system containing dozens of complex test instruments (real or simulated electronic test equipment) capable of automatically testing and diagnosing faults in sophisticated electronic packaged parts or on wafer testing, including system on chips and integrated circuits.

ATE is widely used in the electronic manufacturing industry to test electronic components and systems after being fabricated. ATE is also used to test avionics and the electronic modules in automobiles. It is used in military applications like radar and wireless communication.
Cyprus-Greece-Israel trilateral alliance
An alliance between Cyprus, Greece and Israel started in the early 2010s, focusing on a partnership in areas such as energy cooperation, security, military collaboration, and economic relations. It has grown in importance due to shared regional interests, mainly in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Eastern Mediterranean
The Eastern Mediterranean is a loosely delimited region comprising the easternmost portion of the Mediterranean Sea, and well as the adjoining land—often defined as the countries around the Levantine Sea. It includes the southern half of Turkey's main region, Anatolia; its smaller Hatay Province; the island of Cyprus; the Greek Dodecanese islands; and the countries of Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon.

Its broadest uses can encompass the Libyan Sea (thus Libya), the Aegean Sea (thus European Turkey and the mainland and islands of Greece), and the Ionian Sea (thus southern Albania in Southeast Europe) and can extend west to Italy's farthest south-eastern coasts. Although Jordan does not border the Mediterranean Sea, it is sometimes included in broader Levantine or Eastern Mediterranean frameworks for historical, cultural, or political analysis.
Joseph Thomas (surveyor)
Captain Joseph Thomas (June 1803 – ?) was a British explorer and the chief surveyor for Lyttelton, Sumner and Christchurch in New Zealand. He took up surveying after service in the British army, gaining the rank of lieutenant. In the 1840s, he explored many parts of New Zealand and worked for the New Zealand Company. This gained him employment with the Canterbury Association, which sent him to New Zealand in 1848. Thomas' role was to find a suitable site for their proposed settlement, and what became the Canterbury region with Christchurch as its capital was the result of his efforts. He was dismissed in early 1851 over quarrels with John Robert Godley, the agent of the Canterbury Association, just after the first settlers had arrived in the colony. Thomas' life after 1853 is unknown. Having allowed for Hagley Park as a generous central city green space is regarded as his major achievement, and it is his lasting legacy.

Hagley Park, Christchurch
Hagley Park is the largest urban open space (164.637 hectares) in Christchurch, New Zealand, and was established in 1855 by the Provincial Government. According to the government's decree at that time, Hagley Park is "reserved forever as a public park, and shall be open for the recreation and enjoyment of the public." Hagley Park is characterised by its trees and broad open spaces. Hagley Park was named after Hagley Park, the country estate of Lord Lyttelton, who became chairman of the Canterbury Association in March 1850.
Somuk
Somuk (c. 1900–1965), also known as Herman or Hermano Somuk, was an artist and cultural leader from Buka Island in what is now the Autonomous Region of Bougainville in Papua New Guinea. He is known for his depictions of Buka Island cultural traditions and mythology, as well as events during the Japanese invasion of Buka during World War II.

Buka Island
Buka Island is the second-largest island in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, in eastern Papua New Guinea. It is in Buka Rural LLG of North Bougainville District, with the Autonomous Region's and district's capital city of Buka on the island.

The island is separated by the narrow Buka Passage from the northwestern coast of Bougainville Island, and has an area of approximately 500 km2 (190 sq mi). Buka, Bougainville Island and the Tabar Islands and their surrounding waters are identified as being part of the Solomon Archipelago terrestrial ecoregion and marine ecoregion.