hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
China–Djibouti relations
China–Djibouti relations refers to the current and historical relationship between the People's Republic of China and Djibouti. China and Djibouti established relations on January 8, 1979.: 348  China has financed a number of public works projects in Djibouti, including a stadium, the offices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the People's Palace. In September 2010, Type 920 Hospital Ship, also known as the "Peace Ark", visited Djibouti.

In 2017, China and Djibouti agreed to a strategic partnership.: 211

Chinese hospital ship Daishan Dao
Daishan Dao is a Type 920 hospital ship of the People's Liberation Army Navy of the People's Republic of China. Daishan Dao is also known as Peace Ark during peacetime, and has received NATO reporting name Anwei class (meaning comfort). It is stationed at Zhoushan Naval Base, Zhoushan and is part of the East Sea Fleet.

Daishan Dao is the first Type 920 hospital ship and was once the only ship of this class until around 2023, when a new ship of the same class, Silk Road Ark, was built and carried out its first medical mission in 2024.
Callan v Ireland & The Attorney General
Callan v Ireland & The Attorney General, [2013] IESC 35; [2013] IR 267; [2013] ILRM 257, was an Irish Supreme Court case which ruled on the decision to commute the sentence of death imposed on Callan to penal servitude for 40 years without allowing for remission.  Noel Callan had been sentenced to death in 1985 but had his sentence commuted to 40 years of penal servitude by the President of Ireland, Patrick Hillery.  The High Court rejected Callan's appeal that he was eligible for remission.  Callan then appealed to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court found that Callan was indeed serving imprisonment and so by law could request remission of his penalty.

Supreme Court of Ireland
The Supreme Court of Ireland (Irish: Cúirt Uachtarach na hÉireann) is the highest judicial authority in Ireland. It is a court of final appeal and exercises, in conjunction with the Court of Appeal and the High Court, judicial review over Acts of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament). The Supreme Court also has appellate jurisdiction to ensure compliance with the Constitution of Ireland by governmental bodies and private citizens. It sits in the Four Courts in Dublin.
Chinese clothing
Chinese clothing, including ethnic minority garments and modern adaptations of indigenous styles, is a vital aspect of Chinese culture and civilization. For thousands of years, Chinese clothing has evolved with dynastic traditions, foreign influences, and cultural exchanges, adapting to the needs of each era. Each dynasty maintained specific styles, colors, and forms that reflected social class distinctions and regional diversity. Beyond its practical functions—such as protection from weather and modesty—clothing also served as a cultural marker, distinguishing social roles, rank, and relationships. Ancient Chinese attire reflected the social and political structures of its time, while also showcasing textile, dyeing, and embroidery techniques. Changes in clothing reflect the technical skills of the population at that time as well as intercultural exchanges that have taken place.

Chinese culture
Chinese culture (simplified Chinese: 中华文化; traditional Chinese: 中華文化; pinyin: Zhōnghuá wénhuà) is one of the world's earliest cultures, said to originate five thousand years ago. The culture prevails across a large geographical region in East Asia called the Sinosphere as a whole and is extremely diverse, with customs and traditions varying greatly between regions. The terms 'China' and the geographical landmass of 'China' have shifted across the centuries, before the name 'China' became commonplace. Chinese civilization is historically considered a dominant culture of East Asia. Chinese culture exerted profound influence on the philosophy, customs, politics, and traditions of Asia. Chinese characters, ceramics, architecture, music, dance, literature, martial arts, cuisine, arts, philosophy, etiquette, religion, politics, and history have had global influence, while its traditions and festivals are celebrated, instilled, and practiced by people around the world.
Tarago, New South Wales
Tarago is a town in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in Goulburn Mulwaree Council. Part of the defined locality, which includes a large area of grazing country, is on the eastern shore of Lake George in the area of the Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council. The town is situated 39 km (24 mi) south of the city of Goulburn and 69 km (43 mi) northeast of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. It is located on the Goulburn-Braidwood road. The town is notable for recent renewable energy projects in the surrounding districts.

Lake George (New South Wales)
Lake George (or Weereewa or Ngungara in the Ngunnawal language) is an endorheic lake in south-eastern New South Wales, Australia. It is approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-east of Canberra located adjacent to the Federal Highway en route to Canberra and Sydney. Lake George is also the name of a locality on the western and southern edges of the lake, within the area of the Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council.
Symphony No. 7 (Dvořák)
Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 7 in D minor, Op. 70, B. 141, was completed on 17 March 1885 and first performed on 22 April 1885 at St James's Hall in London. It was originally published as Symphony No. 2. It is highly regarded by critics and musicologists; Donald Tovey stated that "along with the four Brahms symphonies and Schubert's Ninth, it is among the greatest and purest examples in this art-form since Beethoven".

Donald Tovey
Sir Donald Francis Tovey (17 July 1875 – 10 July 1940) was a British music analyst, musicologist, writer on music, composer, conductor and pianist. He had been best known for his Essays in Musical Analysis and his editions of works by Bach and Beethoven, but since the 1990s his (relatively few) compositions have been recorded and performed with increasing frequency. The recordings have mostly been well received by reviewers.
Soar Valley
52°44′N 1°08′W﻿ / ﻿52.74°N 1.14°W﻿ / 52.74; -1.14

The Soar Valley is a river valley following the course of the River Soar in Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire, in the East Midlands of England. Part of the Drainage basin of the River Trent stretching from south of Leicester to Trent Lock, the valley is a major geographical feature of Leicester City Centre, Greater Leicester, Loughborough, and the wider county of Leicestershire of which it forms part of the northern boundary with Nottinghamshire. The valley is home to a section of the M1 motorway, a large section of the  Great Central Railway, a lengthy stretch of the Grand Union Canal, the Leicester City Ground, Abbey Park, the Abbey Pumping Station, and the National Space Centre.

Soar Valley is also the name of an electoral ward of Rushcliffe Borough Council in south Nottinghamshire.

Borough of Rushcliffe
Rushcliffe is a local government district with borough status in south Nottinghamshire, England. Its council is based in West Bridgford. The borough also includes the towns of Bingham and Cotgrave as well as numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Some of the built-up areas in the north-west of the borough, including West Bridgford, form part of the Nottingham Urban Area.

The neighbouring districts are Broxtowe, Nottingham, Gedling, Newark and Sherwood, Melton, Charnwood, North West Leicestershire and Erewash.
First Maratha invasion of Bengal
The First Maratha invasion of Bengal occurred in 1742, led by Bhaskar Pandit under the command of Raghuji Bhonsle, the Maratha ruler of Nagpur. The Marathas aimed to collect chauth and exploit Bengal's wealth, targeting regions like Burdwan, Katwa, Murshidabad, Nadia and Hooghly.

Following the Maratha invasion, Nawab Alivardi Khan took decisive steps to counter the Maratha raids and ultimately expel them from Bengal Subah's territory. Despite the retreat, the invasion devastated Bengal's economy, with contemporary accounts reporting widespread looting and civilian hardship.

Bhaskar Ram Kolhatkar
Bhaskar Ram Kolhatkar, known as Baba Bhaskar Pandit or Bhaskar Pant by the people of Bengal and Maharashtra, was a Maratha general and statesman. He was the dewan (Finance Minister) of the Maharaja of Nagpur, Raghuji Bhonsle. He played an important role in the kingdom of Nagpur's expansion. The first Maratha invasion of Bengal in 1741, as also the third in 1744, was led by him. He was an able military leader, proven by his success in the Maratha invasions of Bengal and conquest of Chhattisgarh. He was killed by Alivardi Khan on 30 March 1744.
Joyce Ngele
Nombuyiselo Joyce Ngele (19 January 1933 – August 2024) was a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2014. She was also the first black woman to serve as Mayor of Greater Pretoria.

City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (Afrikaans: Stad Tshwane Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit; Tswana: Mmasepala wa Toropokgolo ya Tshwane; Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Toropokgolo ya Tshwane), also known as the City of Tshwane (/tswɑːnɪ/), is the metropolitan municipality that forms the local government of northern Gauteng in South Africa. The metropolitan area is centred on the city of Pretoria with surrounding towns and localities included in the local government area.
Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Nadia
Nadia was a centre of Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Bengal. It was one of the prominent centres for Sanskrit learning in the ancient Indian subcontinent. It became popular for the study of Navya Nyaya Shastra also known as New Logic. Navya Nyaya was the new version of the ancient Nyaya school of the Indian philosophy. It was situated at the confluence of the Ganga and Jalangi rivers in the present Nadia district. It had three centers for imparting education. They were Navadvipa, Gopalpura, and Shantipur.

Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Mithila
Sanskrit and Vedic learning, also called Vedic studies, started in Mithila with the expansion of Vedic and Brahmanic culture eastwards along the Ganges plain. From the 12th/13th to 15th century CE, Mithila was an important centre of Nyaya Shastra and logical sciences.
Shah Allah Ditta
Shah Allah Ditta (Punjabi: شاہ اللہ دتا; Urdu: شاہ اللہ دتہ) is a centuries-old village and a union council located at the foothills of the Margalla Hills in the Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan. It s located adjacent to Sector D-12 of Islamabad.

Margalla Hills
The Margalla Hills is a hill range within the Margalla Hills National Park in the northwestern Punjab region in Pakistan, forming the northern edge of the Islamabad Capital Territory, just south of Haripur District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. They are part of the Himalayan foothills on the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot and form a subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion. The Margalla range has an area of 12,605 hectares. It is a range with many valleys and rainforests as well as high mountains.
Hannah Cohoon
Hannah Cohoon (February 1, 1788 – January 7, 1864) was an American painter born in Williamstown, Massachusetts and a member of Hancock Shaker Village. She joined that community in 1817 at the age 29. During a time of revival known as the Era of Manifestations, she produced several drawings known as "gift drawings" — artistic works made through religious inspiration. Her works have become iconic of Shaker religious expression. She died in 1864 and was buried in the cemetery of the Hancock Church Family.

Hancock Shaker Village
Hancock Shaker Village is a former Shaker commune in Hancock and Pittsfield, Massachusetts. It emerged in the towns of Hancock, Pittsfield, and Richmond in the 1780s, organized in 1790, and was active until 1960. It was the third of nineteen major Shaker villages established between 1774 and 1836 in New York, New England, Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana. From 1790 until 1893, Hancock was the seat of the Hancock Bishopric, which oversaw two additional Shaker communes in Tyringham, Massachusetts, and Enfield, Connecticut.

The village was closed by the Shakers in 1960, and sold to a local group who formed an independent non-profit. This organization now operates the property as an open-air museum.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places and declared a National Historic Landmark District in 1968.
Ungmennafélag Njarðvíkur
Ungmennafélag Njarðvíkur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈuŋkˌmɛnːaˌfjɛːˌlaːɣ ˈnjarðˌviːkʏr̥], lit. 'Njarðvík Youth Club') is an Icelandic multi-sports club based in Njarðvík, Reykjanesbær, on the south-west peninsula of Iceland. It is primarily known for its men's basketball team which has won the national championship 17 times. Its women's basketball team won the national championship and the basketball cup in 2012. The club also fields departments in football, swimming, power lifting, judo and triathlon.

Icelandic Women's Basketball Cup
The Icelandic Women's Basketball Cup (Icelandic: Bikarkeppni KKÍ) is an annual basketball competition between clubs in Iceland. It is Iceland's first-tier cup competition, and is not to be confused with Iceland's former second-tier cup competition, the Company Cup.
Webb baronets
There have been two Baronetcies created for persons with the surname Webb, one in the Baronetage of England and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Both creations are extinct.

The Webb Baronetcy, of Odstock, Wiltshire, was created in the Baronetage of England on 2 April 1644 for Sir John Webb as a reward for support King Charles II. The title became extinct on the death of the seventh Baronet in 1874.

The Webb Baronetcy, of Llwynarthen, Monmouthshire, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 28 January 1916 for Henry Webb, who was Member of Parliament for Forest of Dean (1911–1918) and Cardiff East (1923–1924). On his death the title became extinct.

Sir Henry Webb, 1st Baronet
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Henry Webb, 1st Baronet, JP (28 July 1866 – 29 October 1940) was a British Liberal Party politician who was Member of Parliament (MP) for Forest of Dean (1911–1918) and Cardiff East (1923–1924), and as Junior Lord of the Treasury (1912–1915).
Jan Stander
Jan Hendrik Stander (born 4 January 1982) is a cricketer who represents Scotland. An all-rounder, Stander bats right handed and bowls right arm medium-fast. He was a member of the Scotland squad for the 2009 ICC World Cup Qualifier, during which he made his debut in One Day Internationals (ODIs). He has also played first-class and List A cricket for Scotland.

2009 Cricket World Cup Qualifier
The 2009 ICC Cricket World Cup Qualifier was a cricket tournament that took place in April 2009 in South Africa. It was the final part of the Cricket World Cup qualification process for the 2011 Cricket World Cup.

The tournament was the renamed version of the ICC Trophy, and was the final event of the 2007–09 ICC World Cricket League.
Small Cajal body specific RNA 18
small Cajal body-specific RNA 18 (also known as U91 or U4-8) is a type of small nuclear RNA which localises to the cajal bodies and proposed to guide the modification of RNA polymerase II transcribed spliceosomal RNAs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U12.

This snoRNA U91 appears to be belong to the C/D box class of snoRNAs. It was identified by Darzacq and is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of U4 snRNA C8. This C/D domain was later found associated in tandem with another C/D box domain U12-22. Both the doublet (U12-22/U4-8) and singlet (U4-8) forms of this snRNA have been purified from Hela cells. The doublet form U12-22/U4-8 has been shown to localise to the nucleoplasm and is proposed to reside in the Cajal bodies whereas the U4-8 single domain appears to accumulate in the nucleolus. In humans the genomic location of U12-88/U4-8 is intergenic and the purified transcript has been shown to possess a methylated guanosine cap suggesting it is independently transcribed by RNA pol II.

Small nucleolar RNA
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules in the nucleolus that primarily guide chemical modifications of other RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with methylation, and the H/ACA box snoRNAs, which are associated with pseudouridylation.
SnoRNAs are commonly referred to as guide RNAs but should not be confused with the guide RNAs that direct RNA editing in trypanosomes or the guide RNAs (gRNAs) used by Cas9 for CRISPR gene editing.
El Con Center
El Con Center is an open-air shopping mall in the city of Tucson, Arizona, United States anchored by Cinemark Theatres, Target, The Home Depot, Walmart, Ross (30,220 ft.2), Burlington (65,680 ft.2), and Marshalls. There is 1 vacant anchor store that was once JCPenney. The oldest mall in metropolitan Tucson, El Con Mall, as it was known since its opening in 1960, was renamed in May 2014 at the time of its sale for $81.7 million to Stan Kroenke, owner of numerous sports properties including Arsenal F.C. and the Los Angeles Rams.

Burlington (department store)
Burlington, formerly known as Burlington Coat Factory, is an American national off-price retailer, and a division of Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corporation with more than 1,138 stores in 46 states and Puerto Rico, with its corporate headquarters located in Burlington Township, New Jersey. In 2007, it was acquired by Bain Capital in a transaction and in 2008, Tom Kingsbury became president and CEO. The company went public again in 2013. Burlington is the third largest off-price retailer after TJX and Ross Stores.
Mahela-Sanga Challenge Trophy
Nalanda College, Colombo has been playing first XI cricket with Trinity College, Kandy since 1978.

Wisden Cricketers of the Year recipients in the caliber of Mahela Jayawardene and Kumar Sangakkara were educated namely at Nalanda College, Colombo and Trinity College, Kandy. Also both Mahela and Kumar are the current holders for Test cricket partnerships (for any wicket) 624.

As a token of appreciation to those two cricketers the annual encounter between Nalanda and Trinity is played for Mahela-Sanga Trophy (Sinhala: මහේල සංගා කුසලානය) since 2019 with the theme “Spirit of Cricket Legacy for Future Generations”.

Trinity College, Kandy
Trinity College, Kandy is a private Anglican boys' school located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It offers both day and boarding facilities. It was founded in 1872 by British Anglican missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, modelled on British public school tradition. Trinity offers primary and secondary education and is managed by the Anglican Church of Ceylon.
1996 Great Britain Lions tour
The 1996 Great Britain Lions tour was a rugby league tour by the Great Britain team which took place from September to November 1996. The tour included games in Papua New Guinea, Fiji and New Zealand, however due to the ongoing Super League war and with the Australian team under the control of the Australian Rugby League, the team did not play any matches in Australia. The tour was generally considered as a disaster, with Great Britain failing to win any games in New Zealand, and several players being sent home early from the tour in order to cut costs.

Australian Rugby League Commission
The Australian Rugby League Commission Limited (ARL), formerly the Australian Rugby Football League Limited is an Australian rugby league football competition operator.

It was founded in 1986 as the Australian Rugby Football League Limited and succeeded the Australian Rugby Football League Board of Control which had been formed in 1924. Since its inception, the ARL has administered the Australian national team and represented Australia in international rugby league matters. Prior to 1998, the code in Australia had been principally administered by individual state leagues on a domestic basis, and the ARL on a national and international basis.
Rhynia
Rhynia is a single-species genus of Devonian vascular plants. Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was the sporophyte generation of a vascular, axial, free-sporing diplohaplontic embryophytic land plant of the Early Devonian that had anatomical features more advanced than those of the bryophytes. Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was a member of a sister group to all other eutracheophytes, including modern vascular plants.

Sporophyte
A sporophyte (/ˈspɔːr.əˌfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a diploid multicellular organism which produces asexual spores. This stage alternates with a multicellular haploid gametophyte phase.
CAVForth
CAVForth (Connected Autonomous Vehicles) is a pilot scheme based in eastern Scotland to develop passenger-carrying autonomous bus services in the United Kingdom. The scheme's first bus route, the AB1 park and ride service, was operated by Stagecoach South Scotland at a 20-minute frequency between Edinburgh Park and the Ferrytoll Park and Ride site via the Forth Road Bridge.

Described by the UK government as being the first full-size public autonomous bus service in the world, the service, which commenced public operations on 15 May 2023 (and has now ceased operations as of 14th February 2025) uses a fleet of five Alexander Dennis Enviro200AV diesel single-deck buses built to SAE Level 4 requirements, meaning a driver is present in the bus at all times but does not need to control the bus in regular service.

Forth Road Bridge
The Forth Road Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the Firth of Forth in Scotland. The bridge opened in 1964 and, at the time, was the longest suspension bridge in the world outside the United States. The bridge  connects Edinburgh to Fife; replacing a centuries-old ferry service to carry vehicular traffic, cyclists and pedestrians across the Forth. Railway crossings are made by the nearby Forth Bridge, opened in 1890.

The Scottish Parliament voted to abolish tolls on the bridge from February 2008. The adjacent Queensferry Crossing was opened in August 2017 to carry the M90 motorway across the Firth of Forth, replacing the Forth Road Bridge which had exceeded its design capacity. At its peak, the Forth Road Bridge carried 65,000 vehicles per day.

The bridge was subsequently closed for repairs and refurbishment. It reopened in February 2018, redesignated as a dedicated public transport corridor; only certain vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists are permitted to use the bridge.
Louis XVII
Louis XVII (born Louis Charles, Duke of Normandy; 27 March 1785 – 8 June 1795) was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen Marie Antoinette. His older brother, Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France, died in June 1789, a little over a month before the start of the French Revolution. At his brother's death he became the new Dauphin (heir apparent to the throne), a title he held until 1791, when the new constitution accorded the heir apparent the title of Prince Royal.

When his father was executed on 21 January 1793, during the middle period of the French Revolution, he automatically succeeded as King of France, Louis XVII, in the eyes of the royalists. France was by then a republic, and since Louis-Charles was imprisoned and died in captivity in June 1795, he never actually ruled. Nevertheless, in 1814 after the Bourbon Restoration, his uncle acceded to the throne and was proclaimed his successor, as Louis XVIII.

French Constitution of 1791
The French Constitution of 1791 (French: Constitution française du 3 septembre 1791) was the first written constitution in France, created after the collapse of the absolute monarchy of the Ancien Régime. One of the basic precepts of the French Revolution was adopting constitutionality and establishing popular sovereignty.