hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Postage stamps and postal history of Grenada
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Grenada.

Grenada is an island country in the British Commonwealth consisting of the island of Grenada and six smaller islands at the southern end of the Grenadines in the southeastern Caribbean Sea. Grenada is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela, and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

Grenadines
The Grenadines (/ˈɡrɛnədiːnz/) is a chain of small islands that lie on a line between the larger islands of Saint Vincent and Grenada in the Lesser Antilles. Nine are inhabited and open to the public (or ten, if the offshore island of Young Island is counted): Bequia, Mustique, Canouan, Union Island, Petit St Vincent, Palm Island and Mayreau, all in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, plus Petite Martinique and Carriacou in Grenada. Several additional privately owned islands, such as Calivigny, are also inhabited. Notable uninhabited islands of the Grenadines include Petit Nevis, formerly used by whalers, and Petit Mustique, which was the centre of a prominent real estate scam in the early 2000s.

The northern two-thirds of the chain, including about 32 islands and cays, is part of the country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The southern third of the chain belongs to the country of Grenada. Carriacou is the largest and most populous of the Grenadines.
1981 Stowe Grand Prix
The 1981 Stowe Grand Prix was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Topnotch Inn in Stowe, Vermont in the United States that was part of the 1981 Grand Prix circuit. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from August 10 through August 16, 1981. Second-seeded Brian Gottfried won the singles title.

Brian Gottfried
Brian Edward Gottfried (born January 27, 1952) is an American retired tennis player who won 25 singles titles and 54 doubles titles during his professional career. He was the runner-up in singles at the 1977 French Open, won the 1975 and 1977 French Open Doubles as well as the 1976 Wimbledon Doubles. He achieved a career-high singles ranking on the ATP tour on June 19, 1977, when he became world No. 3, and a career-high doubles ranking on December 12, 1976, when he became world No. 2.
Maria Velotti
Maria Velotti (16 November 1826 - 3 September 1886), religious name Maria Luigia del Santissimo Sacramento, was an Italian religious sister. She was a member in the Third Order of Saint Francis and the founder of the Suore Francescane Adoratrici della Santa Croce. In her childhood she was raised in two different households after her parents died and she was exposed to the Franciscan charism under her second spiritual director. In 1854 she was professed into the Franciscan Third Order and in 1877 founded her religious order. Velotti also experienced several visions in her life such as visions of Jesus Christ and Francis of Assisi. Pope Francis beatified her in  2020.

Spiritual direction
Spiritual direction is the practice of being with people as they attempt to deepen their relationship with the divine, or to learn and grow in their personal spirituality. The person seeking direction shares stories of their encounters of the divine, or how they are cultivating a life attuned to spiritual things. The director listens and asks questions to assist the directee in their process of reflection and spiritual growth. Advocates of Spiritual direction claim that it develops a deeper awareness with the spiritual aspect of being human, and that it is neither psychotherapy nor counseling nor financial planning.

Historians of philosophy like Ilsetraut and Pierre Hadot have argued that spiritual direction was already practiced and recommended by the main schools of philosophy, as well as by physicians like Galen, as part of spiritual practices in Ancient Greece and Rome.
1st Surrey Rifles
The 1st Surrey Rifles (often spelled out in full as First Surrey Rifles and abbreviated as FSR) was a volunteer unit of the British Army from 1859 until 1993. It saw considerable service on the Western Front, at Salonika and in Palestine during World War I. It served as a searchlight unit and as a light anti-aircraft regiment during World War II.

Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
The Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) was a line infantry regiment of the English and later the British Army from 1661 to 1959. It was the senior English line infantry regiment of the British Army, behind only the Royal Scots in the British Army line infantry order of precedence.

In 1959, the regiment was amalgamated with the East Surrey Regiment, to form a single county regiment called the Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment which was, on 31 December 1966, amalgamated with the Queen's Own Buffs, The Royal Kent Regiment, the Royal Sussex Regiment and the Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own) to form the Queen's Regiment. Following a further amalgamation in 1992 with the Royal Hampshire Regiment, the lineage of the regiment is continued today by the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment (Queen's and Royal Hampshires).
Jonathan Sadowski
Jonathan Sadowski (born November 23, 1979) is an American actor. He is best known for his starring role as Josh Xander Kaminski on the Freeform sitcom Young & Hungry (2014–18). He also starred as Henry Goodson in CBS sitcom $#*! My Dad Says (2010–11).

Sadowski had roles as Paul Antonio in the romantic comedy film She's The Man (2006), Trey in the action film Live Free or Die Hard (2007), Wade in the horror film Friday the 13th (2009), and Blake in the comedy film The Goods: Live Hard, Sell Hard (2009).

The Goods: Live Hard, Sell Hard
The Goods: Live Hard, Sell Hard is a 2009 American comedy film directed by Neal Brennan, produced by Adam McKay, Will Ferrell, Kevin Messick and Chris Henchy, written by Andy Stock and Rick Stempson and starring Jeremy Piven, Ving Rhames, James Brolin, David Koechner, Kathryn Hahn, Ed Helms, Jordana Spiro and Craig Robinson. Originally titled The Goods: The Don Ready Story, the film was theatrically released on August 14, 2009 in the United States by Paramount Pictures and was released on DVD as a rental only with no special features November 17 and for sale December 15. The film received mostly negative reviews from critics and grossed $15.3 million against a $10 million budget.
Chorthippus biguttulus
Chorthippus biguttulus, the bow-winged grasshopper, is one of the most common species of grasshopper found in the dry grassland of northern and central Europe. It is part of a group of species (biguttulus-group) that are very difficult to identify morphologically. Chorthippus biguttulus was previously classified (with C. brunneus and C. mollis) as a single species Stauroderus variabilis. The three species were distinguished using song characteristics.

Chorthippus mollis
Chorthippus mollis is a species belonging to the family Acrididae, subfamily Gomphocerinae. It is found across much of Europe. The species prefers dry-warm locations with sandy ground and open soil, also roadsides, clearcuts and fallow land.
Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteine
Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteine (TGA) is a pharmaceutical drug that is a combination of thiamphenicol glycinate ester (TAFGE), which is a derivative of the antibiotic thiamphenicol, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is a mucus-thinning drug. Upon contact with tissue esterases, TGA releases both TAFGE and NAC. As a standalone medication, NAC is widely used in respiratory tract infections for its mucolytic activity.

Esterase
In biochemistry, an esterase is a class of enzyme that splits esters into an acid and an alcohol in a chemical reaction with water called hydrolysis (and as such, it is a type of hydrolase).

A wide range of different esterases exist that differ in their substrate specificity, their protein structure, and their biological function.
Tikka M65
The Tikka M65 (originally Tikka LSA65) is a Finnish rifle designed by a Finnish firearms company Tikkakoski in 1969. It was designed as a long action rifle on the basis of the short action Tikka M55 rifle, however its action differs much from the M55. Like the Tikka M55, the M65 was imported to the United States by Ithaca Gun Company.

Valmet Sniper M86
The Valmet Sniper M86 (also Valmet M86 Sniper and Valmet Sniper) is a Finnish sniper rifle designed by the former Finnish state firearms company Valmet. The rifle was Valmet's first and only proper sniper rifle, and after the merger with Sako in 1986, its development work was the basis for the Sako TRG sniper rifles. The rifle was produced only in small numbers in 1987 due to the merger.
Karthika Srinivas
Karthika Srinivas R is an Indian film editor who predominantly works in Telugu films. He is best known for his works in the films Swamy Ra Ra (2013), 1: Nenokkadine (2014), Karthikeya (2014), Antariksham 9000 KMPH (2018) and Mathu Vadalara (2019).

Antariksham 9000 KMPH
Antariksham 9000 KMPH (lit. 'Space: 9000 KMPH') is a 2018 Indian Telugu-language science fiction adventure film written and directed by Sankalp Reddy. The film stars Varun Tej, Aditi Rao Hydari, Lavanya Tripathi, and Rahman while Srinivas Avasarala, Satyadev, and Raja Chembolu play supporting roles. The film was released on 21 December, 2018.
Wild Swans (2023 film)
Gorai Phakhri, also known as Wild Swans, is a 2023 Indian Boro-language drama film written and directed by Rajni Basumatary and produced by Jani Viswanath. The film has an all-female cast. It stars Helina Daimary, Sangeena Brahma, Mithinga Narzary and Anjali Daimari. The film premiered at the Vancouver International Film Festival 2023 on 29 September 2023.

The film won the Best Film award at the 29th Kolkata International Film Festival under the Indian Language Films category. The film was awarded the Director's Vision Award at the 21st Indian Film Festival Stuttgart 2024.

Vancouver International Film Festival
The Vancouver International Film Festival (VIFF) is an annual film festival held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, for two weeks in late September and early October.

The festival is operated by the Greater Vancouver International Film Festival Society, a provincially-registered non-profit and federally-registered charitable organization, which also runs the year-round programming of the Vancity Theatre and Lochmaddy Studio Theatre at the VIFF Centre.

Both in terms of admissions and number of films screened (133,000 and 324 respectively in 2016), VIFF is among the five largest film festivals in North America. The festival screens films annually from approximately 73 countries on 10 screens.

The festival has three main programming platforms: East Asian film, Canadian film, and nonfiction films. Besides films from around the world, VIFF also includes talks, workshops, performances, and other special events related to cinema.
Agathiyar
Agathiyar is a 1972 Indian Tamil-language Hindu mythological film written, directed, and produced by A. P. Nagarajan. The soundtrack was composed by Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan. The film stars Sirkazhi Govindarajan playing the main character, T. R. Mahalingam, A. V. M. Rajan, Kumari Padmini, R. S. Manohar, Suruli Rajan, Manorama and Sridevi were in supporting roles. This film ran for 100 days and won widespread appreciation. The film was dubbed into Hindi under the title Maharish in 1986.

Manorama (Tamil actress)
Gopishantha (26 May 1937 – 10 October 2015), better known by her stage name Manorama, also called  Aachi, was an Indian actress, comedian and playback singer who had appeared in more than 1500 films and 5000 stage performances predominantly in the Tamil and also in  Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, and Sinhala. She was honoured with Kalaimamani award in 1995. In 2002, Government of India awarded Manorama the Padma Shri for her contribution to the arts. She is a recipient of one National Film Award, one Filmfare Award South and seven Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.
The Virginia Belles
The Virginia Belles is the University of Virginia's oldest all-female a cappella group based in Charlottesville, Virginia. The group was established in 1977 by Katherine Mitchell as the female counterpart to the Virginia Gentlemen, the university's oldest a cappella group. Completely student-run, the Belles continue to perform an eclectic range of vocal music from oldies and classic rock to indie and R&B. They sing in and around Charlottesville, and up and down the East Coast and all across the U.S. (often wearing little black dresses),  and have received awards and honors from internationally acclaimed organizations such as the Contemporary A Cappella Society, Varsity Vocals, and the Recorded A Cappella Review Board.

The Academical Village People
The Academical Village People (AVP) is an a cappella group at the University of Virginia founded in 1993 by a group of people who vowed to "never take themselves too seriously." They set themselves apart from other groups by being able to keep professional while maintaining their lax attitude, wild antics while performing, and their less traditional uniform of a garage mechanic style shirt. The name "Academical Village People" comes from Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village at the university in Charlottesville, Virginia. As of 2017, AVP, as it is often called for short, has released thirteen studio albums, including a greatest hits album, DECADEmical: Best of 1993-2003, of its first ten years in existence. The group has recorded many notable performances such as opening for Dana Carvey and Girl Talk, performing for Reba McEntire at the White House, concerts at the Kennedy Center, and performances in such countries as England, Spain, and Scotland.
Rimi B. Chatterjee
Rimi B. Chatterjee is an Indian writer of science fiction, screenwriter, translator, comics creator and former professor of English literature at  Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. Her first novel Signal Red was published in 2005 by Penguin India, followed by City of Love ( Penguin India 2007) and Black Light (Harper Collins India 2010). She is known for near-future dystopian and climate fiction and historical fantasy. Most of her recent stories are set in the Antisense Universe, a climate-positive alternate future world. She was active in the 2014 Jadavpur University Protests.

In 2024 she won the Short Forms contest by Room magazine for ‘Zigsa Tells Her Story’. In 2023 she won the Utopia Award for best utopian novellette for ‘A Question of Choice’ in Reckoning magazine’s special issue "Our Beautiful Reward'. Her novella "Arisudan' featured on the Locus Reading List for 2021 In 2022 she was a finalist at the Writing Climate Pitchfest, an initiative by the Hollywood Climate Summit.

Jadavpur University
Jadavpur University (abbr. JU) is a public state funded technical and research university with its main campus located at Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It was established on 25 July in 1906 as Bengal Technical Institute and was converted into Jadavpur University on 24 December in 1955. As of the 2025 NIRF rankings, Jadavpur University has been ranked 9th among universities, 1st among state public universities, 18th among engineering institutes, and 18th overall in India. Also Nature Index ranked Jadavpur University in 1st among universities in India and 22nd overall in India in terms of research output (2023–2024). The university has been recognized by the UGC as an institute with "Potential for Excellence" and accredited an "A+" grade by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC).
Christoph Ernst von Beulwitz
Christoph Ernst von Beulwitz (14 February 1695 – 17 April 1757) was a German-Danish privy councillor, county governor and headmaster of Sorø Academy. His daughter, Frederikke Charlotte Reventlow, became a renowned author and letter writer.

Sorø Academy
Sorø Academy (Danish: Sorø Akademi) is a boarding school and gymnasium located in the small town of Sorø, Denmark. It traces its history back to the 12th century when Bishop Absalon founded a monastery at the site, which was confiscated by the Crown after the Reformation, and ever since, on and off, it has served as an educational institution, in a variety of forms, including as a knight academy founded by Christian IV and a venue for higher learning during the Danish Golden Age. Danish-Norwegian writer and academian Ludvig Holberg bequested most of his fortune to re-establishing the academy in 1750 after a devastating fire.
Harbor of Eutropius
The Harbor of Eutropius (Ancient Greek: λιμήν Εὑτροπίου) was an artificial harbor east of Chalcedon (modern-day Kalamış), along the coast of Asia Minor, during the Byzantine Empire. It was constructed by order of Byzantine Emperor Justinian (r. 527–565), made of large moles of black stone. It was likely the smallest of the harbors opposite the Byzantine capital Constantinople, and served an unknown function. The harbor was the location for the execution of Emperor Maurice (r. 582–602), along with his sons, and later, the female members of his family. During the Siege of Constantinople of 717–718, the harbor was one of the landing grounds of the invading Umayyad forces. With the expansion of the maritime districts of nearby Kalamış and Fenerbahçe in modern times, nothing remains of the harbor.

Fenerbahçe, Kadıköy
Fenerbahçe (Turkish pronunciation: [feˈnæɾbahtʃe]) is a neighborhood in the district of Kadıköy, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Fenerbahçe is located on the Asian side of Istanbul on the shore of the Sea of Marmara. It is bordered by Feneryolu and Göztepe in the northeast, Caddebostan in the southeast, and Zühtüpaşa in the northwest. Its population is 21,405 (2022). Turkish giants Fenerbahçe S.K. takes its name from this area and was first established in this location in 1907.
Timeworks
Timeworks, Inc., later Timeworks International, Inc., was a private American software publisher active from 1982 to 1994 and based in Chicago, Illinois. The company primarily sold entry-level productivity software, as well as advanced desktop publishing applications and video games. They are perhaps best known for Publisher (later known as Publish-It!), their flagship desktop publishing application. In 1993, they were acquired by Megalode Resources, Inc., of Burlington, Ontario, who operated the company until 1994.

Burlington, Ontario
Burlington is a city at the west end of Lake Ontario in Ontario, Canada. Part of Halton Region, it borders Hamilton to the south, Milton to the northwest, and Oakville to the northeast. It is part of the Greater Toronto Area, the Hamilton census metropolitan area, and the Golden Horseshoe urban region. Burlington was founded in 1874, and gained city status in 1974. With a population of 186,948 as of 2021, Burlington is the twenty-eighth-most populous municipality in Canada.
Mr. Deeds
Mr. Deeds is a 2002 American comedy film directed by Steven Brill, written by Tim Herlihy, and produced by Sid Ganis and Jack Giarraputo. It stars Adam Sandler in the title role, alongside Winona Ryder, Peter Gallagher, Jared Harris, Allen Covert, Erick Avari, and John Turturro. The film is a remake of the 1936 Frank Capra film Mr. Deeds Goes to Town, which itself was based on the 1935 short story "Opera Hat" by Clarence Budington Kelland. It tells the story of a pizzeria owner who learns that he is the heir of a late multi-billionaire.

Produced by Columbia Pictures, New Line Cinema, Sandler's production company Happy Madison Productions in association with Out of the Blue... Entertainment, Mr. Deeds was released in the United States by Sony Pictures Releasing on June 28, 2002. While financially successful, the film received negative reviews.

Erick Avari
Erick Avari (born Nariman Erick Avari; 13 April 1952) is an Indian-American actor whose roles in science-fiction and action productions include Stargate (1994), Independence Day (1996), and The Mummy (1999), as well as the historical drama The Chosen (2019).
Charles Henry Heathcote
Charles Henry Heathcote (2 April 1850 – 16 January 1938) was a British architect who practised in Manchester. He was articled to the church architects Charles Hansom, of Clifton, Bristol. He was awarded the RI Medal of Merit in 1868, and started his own practice in 1872.

Heathcote built city centre buildings such as Parr's Bank (1902) on York Street, the Eagle Star Building (1911) on Cross Street, Lloyds Bank (1915) on King Street, and the earlier 107 Piccadilly textile warehouse (1899). He helped plan the Trafford Park industrial estate, working for British Westinghouse and the Ford Motor Company. He designed 15 warehouses for the Manchester Ship Canal Company. He also worked on the buildings for Richard Lane's Cheadle Royal Lunatic Asylum.

King Street, Manchester
King Street is one of the most important thoroughfares of Manchester city centre, England. For much of the 20th century it was the centre of the north-west banking industry but it has become progressively dominated by upmarket retail instead of large banks.
ICarly season 5
The fifth season of iCarly began airing on Nickelodeon on August 13, 2011, and finished its run on January 21, 2012.

This season features Carly Shay (Miranda Cosgrove), Sam Puckett (Jennette McCurdy), Freddie Benson (Nathan Kress) and Gibby Gibson (Noah Munck) as their web show, iCarly, is becoming more popular worldwide, with Sam and Freddie now as a confirmed couple, until the episode, "iLove You".

Jerry Trainor co-stars as Carly's older brother Spencer, and Noah Munck co-stars as Gibby. This season had the specials "iLost My Mind", "iDate Sam & Freddie", "iBloop 2: Electric Bloopaloo", "iStill Psycho", and "iMeet the First Lady".

Nathan Kress
Nathan Karl Kress (born November 18, 1992) is an American actor. He began his career at the age of three, appearing in television commercials and providing the voices of Easy and Tough Pup in the comedy-drama film Babe: Pig in the City (1998). He resumed acting seven years later on the talk show Jimmy Kimmel Live! (2005), and thereafter had regular appearances on several Nickelodeon productions, including Toplin on the sitcom Drake & Josh (2007). Kress rose to prominence for portraying Freddie Benson on the Nickelodeon sitcom iCarly (2007–2012), which earned him five Young Artist Award nominations. He reprised his role in the revival series of the same name (2021–2023). He also subsequently voiced Wedge Antilles in the Disney XD animated series Star Wars Rebels (2016–2017) and the voice of JJ Jameson in the Netflix animated series Pinky Malinky (2019).
1976 Stanley Cup Final
The 1976 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1975–76 season, and the culmination of the 1976 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested by the two-time defending Stanley Cup champion Philadelphia Flyers, making their third consecutive finals appearance, and the Montreal Canadiens. This was the Canadiens first appearance in the Final since their Cup win in 1973. The Canadiens swept the series to win their 19th Stanley Cup in franchise history, denying the Flyers a three-peat.

This marked the first of what is currently six consecutive losses in the Cup Final for the Flyers, as they would lose in the Final again in 1980,  1985,  1987, 1997, and 2010.

1997 Stanley Cup Final
The 1997 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1996–97 season, and the culmination of the 1997 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested by the Detroit Red Wings and the Philadelphia Flyers. The Red Wings made the Finals for the second time in three years, while the Flyers were making their first appearance in a decade. The Red Wings swept the Flyers to win the Stanley Cup for the eighth time in franchise history and for the first time since 1955, ending what was the longest Stanley Cup drought in the league at that time.

The Red Wings were the last team to win the Cup without home ice advantage in the Finals and with fewer than 100 points earned during the regular season until 2009.