hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Onikwu
Onikwu is a community in Rivers State, Nigeria. Onikwu is self-contained district or community within Ndoni town, distance is about 6.4 km from Ndoni to Onikwu. The name "Oni-kwu/Nd-oni, Ndoni also pronounce Nde-Oni means Oni people while Oni-ukwu meaning the elder of Oni people. In Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni language (Igboid) ukwu means elder, and Nde means people of. Onikwu and Ndoni are of same ethnic group located in Ogba Egbema/Ndoni Local government of Rivers State. The community alongside them have other neighboring villages which include Ase-Azaga, Isukwa, Odugiri. Agwe, Ugbaja, Isala Ase-Imoniteh and Ogbe-Ogene. All of the said communities are located in the Central Niger Delta region, south-south Nigeria.

Niger Delta
The Niger Delta is the delta of the Niger River sitting directly on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria. It is located within nine coastal southern Nigerian states, which include: all six states from the South South geopolitical zone, one state (Ondo) from South West geopolitical zone and two states (Abia and Imo) from South East geopolitical zone.

The Niger Delta is a very densely populated region sometimes called the Oil Rivers because it was once a major producer of palm oil. The area was the British Oil Rivers Protectorate from 1885 until 1893, when it was expanded and became the Niger Coast Protectorate.

The delta is a petroleum-rich region and has been the center of international concern over extensive pollution which is often used as an example of ecocide. The principal cause is major oil spills by multinational corporations of the petroleum industry.
Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1987
Denmark was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1987 with the song "En lille melodi", composed by Helge Engelbrecht, with lyrics by Jacob Jonia, and performed by Anne-Cathrine Herdorf supported by the group Bandjo. The Danish participating broadcaster, Danmarks Radio (DR), organised the Dansk Melodi Grand Prix 1987 in order to select its entry for the contest.

Dansk Melodi Grand Prix
Dansk Melodi Grand Prix (pronounced [ˈtænˀsk me̝loˈti kʁɑn ˌpʰʁi]), also known as Melodi Grand Prix or simply DMGP, is an annual music competition organised by the Danish public broadcaster DR since 1957, which determines its entry for the Eurovision Song Contest. The festival has produced three Eurovision winners and fourteen top-five placings.
Cis effect
In inorganic chemistry, the cis effect is defined as the labilization (or destabilization) of CO ligands that are cis to other ligands. CO is a well-known strong pi-accepting ligand in organometallic chemistry that will labilize in the cis position when adjacent to ligands due to steric and electronic effects. The system most often studied for the cis effect is an octahedral complex M(CO)5X where X is the ligand that will labilize a CO ligand cis to it. Unlike the trans effect, which is most often observed in 4-coordinate square planar complexes, the cis effect is observed in 6-coordinate octahedral transition metal complexes. It has been determined that ligands that are weak sigma donors and non-pi acceptors seem to have the strongest cis-labilizing effects. Therefore, the cis effect has the opposite trend of the trans-effect, which effectively labilizes ligands that are trans to strong pi accepting and sigma donating ligands.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Haldane principle
In British research policy, the Haldane principle is the idea that decisions about what to spend research funds on should be made by researchers rather than politicians. It is named after Richard Burdon Haldane, who in 1904 and from 1909 to 1918 chaired committees and commissions which recommended this policy, which has evolved over time since then.

The 1904 committee recommended the creation of the University Grants Committee which has evolved via the Universities Funding Council into the current higher education funding councils: UK Research and Innovation, Scottish Funding Council and Medr.

Haldane's idea arose in 1918 and was adhered to for several decades. However it was not formally defined until 1964 by Quintin Hogg MP. It was legally enacted in 2017.

UK Research and Innovation
UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) is a non-departmental public body of the Government of the United Kingdom that directs research and innovation funding, funded through the science budget of the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology.
Mirman Baheer
Mirman Baheer is a secret literary society of women meeting across Afghanistan. Founded in 2010 by Sahira Sharif, the organization attracted international attention after research conducted by Eliza Griswold was published in 2012. It  has continued to meet into 2021, shifting to livestreaming meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Literary society
A literary society is a group of people interested in literature. In the modern sense, this refers to a orgaization which promotes the reception of a genre of writing or a specific author. Modern literary societies typically promote research, publish newsletters, and hold meetings where findings can be presented and discussed. Some are more academic and scholarly, while others are more social groups of amateurs who appreciate a chance to discuss their favourite writer with other hobbyists.

Historically, "literary society" has also referred to salons such as those of Madame de Stael, Madame Geoffrin and Madame de Tencin in Ancien Regime France, though these could more accurately be considered literary circles or coteries. Another meaning was of college literary societies, student groups specific to the United States.

The oldest formal societies for writing and promoting poetry are the chambers of rhetoric in the Low Countries, which date back to the Middle Ages.
Franz Xaver Hoop
Franz Xaver Hoop (5 September 1886 – 2 November 1960) was a politician from Liechtenstein who served in the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1926 to 1949. He also served as the mayor of Ruggell from 1930 to 1939.

Ruggell
Ruggell (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ruˈɡɛl] ⓘ; dialectal: Ruggäll) is a municipality of Liechtenstein. It is the northernmost and lowest elevated municipality. As of 2019, it has a population of 2,322.
2017 Lower Saxony state election
The 2017 Lower Saxony state election was held on 15 October 2017 to elect the 18th Landtag of Lower Saxony. The incumbent coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and The Greens led by Minister-President Stephan Weil was defeated. Though the SPD became the largest party in the Landtag largely fueled by the personal popularity of Weil, their gains were offset by losses for the Greens, depriving the government of its majority. The SPD subsequently formed a grand coalition with the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), and Weil continued as Minister-President.

This was the last election, state or federal, in which the SPD gained seats or increased their share of the popular vote until the 2021 German federal election and 2021 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state election which both took place on the same day in September 2021.

2013 Lower Saxony state election
The 2013 Lower Saxony state election was held on 20 January 2013 to elect the members of the 17th Landtag of Lower Saxony. The incumbent coalition government of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Free Democratic Party (FDP) led by Minister-President David McAllister was defeated. The Social Democratic Party (SPD) formed a government with The Greens which held a slim, one-seat majority. Stephan Weil was subsequently elected Minister-President.
FK Pelister
FK Pelister (Macedonian: ФК Пелистер) is a professional football club based in the city of Bitola, North Macedonia. They are currently competing in the Macedonian First League.The club was re established after the liberation in 1945,its predecessors in Bitola have existed since 1924. Pelister's club colors are green and white. The club plays at the Petar Miloshevski stadium.

Macedonian First Football League
The Macedonian First Football League (Macedonian: Прва македонска фудбалска лига), also called Macedonian First League, 1. MFL, and Prva Liga, is the highest professional football competition in North  Macedonia. It is a professional league competition for football clubs located at the top of the  Macedonian football league system and has been operating since the 1992–93 season. It is organized by the Football Federation of Macedonia.
Fine Shit
"Fine Shit" (stylized in all caps) is a song by American rapper Playboi Carti. It was released through AWGE and Interscope Records as the ninth track from Carti's third studio album, Music, on March 14, 2025. The song was produced by 99Hurts, F1lthy, Ojivolta and Keanu Beats.

F1lthy
Richard Ortiz (born February 1, 1992), known professionally as F1lthy (stylized in all caps), is an American record producer and songwriter. He is a co-founder of the rap collective Working on Dying and a producer for many rappers such as Playboi Carti and Lil Yachty, and a member of Playboi Carti's Opium record label. He is known for "crafting sounds as guttural and crunchy as his name suggests," and minimalist melodies.
Geometry of Fear
The Geometry of Fear was an informal group or school of young British sculptors in the years after the Second World War. The term was coined by Herbert Read in 1952 in his description of the work of the eight British artists represented in the "New Aspects of British Sculpture" exhibition at the Biennale di Venezia of 1952.

Art movement
An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific art philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a specific period of time, (usually a few months, years or decades) or, at least, with the heyday of the movement defined within a number of years. Art movements were especially important in modern art, when each consecutive movement was considered a new avant-garde movement. Western art had been, from the Renaissance up to the middle of the 19th century, underpinned by the logic of perspective and an attempt to reproduce an illusion of visible reality (figurative art). By the end of the 19th century many artists felt a need to create a new style which would encompass the fundamental changes taking place in technology, science and philosophy (abstract art).
Shalonda Solomon
Shalonda Solomon (born December 19, 1985) is an American track and field sprinter. Her greatest international accomplishment is a silver medal in the 100 m at the 2010 IAAF Continental Cup, while representing the Americas team. She qualified for the 2011 World Championships in Athletics by winning the 200 m at the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Her 22.15 in winning that race was the world-leading time for 2011. While running in the World Championships, she ran far slower than at the National Championships, finishing a fourth-place in the 200 m behind Jamaican Veronica Campbell-Brown, and American teammates Carmelita Jeter and defending champion Allyson Felix. Later in those championships, she won a gold medal by serving on the American 4 × 100 m relay team in the preliminary rounds, being replaced by Felix in the final. She has a distinct head bob while running, something noticeable since high school.

USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Track & Field Outdoor Championships is an annual track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. Since the year 1992, in the years which feature a Summer Olympics, World Athletics Championships, Pan American Games, NACAC Championships, or an IAAF Continental Cup, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
Blue box recycling system
The blue box recycling system (BBRS) was initially a waste management system used by Canadian municipalities to collect source separated household waste materials for the purpose of recycling. The first full-scale community wide BBRS was implemented in 1983 by the waste management contractor Ontario Total Recycling Systems Ltd. (a subsidiary of Laidlaw Waste Systems) for the City of Kitchener, Ontario. The blue box recycling system was implemented as part of the city's waste management procedures. The blue box system and variations of it remain in place in hundreds of cities around the world.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
Oregon State University College of Liberal Arts
Oregon State University's College of Liberal Arts is a liberal arts college at Oregon State University. The college is located on the Corvallis, Oregon main campus and offers students 66 academic programs. The college of liberal arts awarded just over a thousand undergraduate degrees in 2023, the second most of OSU colleges.

Liberal arts' students may earn a wide range of major and minor degrees by attending classes at one of the three university campuses or studying online. Coursework is taught at the university's main campus, the Oregon State University–Cascades campus in Bend, the OSU Portland Center, and online through OSU's Ecampus. In the spring of 2023, the college included seven departments, employed 290 faculty members, and claimed an enrollment of just over 4,500 students.

Oregon State University Ecampus
Oregon State University Ecampus is the online education unit of Oregon State University. OSU Ecampus develops and delivers courses, degree programs, certificates and microcredentials online and at a distance to students worldwide. Ecampus courses and programs are delivered online as well as in a blended or hybrid format that combines virtual learning with face-to-face instruction.

In January 2026, the Oregon State Ecampus bachelor's degree programs were ranked top 10 in the nation by U.S. News & World Report for the 12th straight year.

Oregon State University is institutionally accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU).
The Knife and the Butterfly
The Knife and the Butterfly is a young adult novel by Ashley Hope Pérez, published in 2011 by Carolrhoda Books. The novel, which explores the lives of two teenage gang members in Houston, a Hispanic boy named Azael and a White girl named Lexi, is based on a 2006 gang-related death in that city.

Lerner Publishing Group
Lerner Publishing Group, based in Minneapolis in the U.S. state of Minnesota since its founding in 1959, is one of the largest independently owned children's book publishers in the United States. With more than 5,000 titles in print, Lerner Publishing Group offers nonfiction and fiction books for grades K-12.
Governor of Madhesh Province
The Governor of Madhesh Province is the nominal head of state of the Nepal state (province) of Madhesh Province and a representative of the President of Nepal. The governor is appointed by the term president for a term of five years. The governor's powers are mostly ceremonial and the executive powers of the governor are exercised by the chief minister of Madhesh Province, who is the head of the executive of the state government of Madhesh Province.  The following is a list of governors of Madhesh Province.

The incumbent, Surendra Labh Karn, has served as the governor of Madhesh Province since 11 November 2025.

Madhesh Province
Madhesh Province (Nepali: मधेश प्रदेश, romanized: Madhēś pradēś) is a province of Nepal in the Terai region with an area of 9,661 km2 (3,730 sq mi) covering about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,114,600 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it Nepal's most densely populated province and the smallest province by area.
It borders Koshi Pradesh to the east and the north, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south and the west.
The border between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as the provincial boundary in the west, and the Kosi River forms the provincial border in the east. The province includes eight districts, from Parsa in the west to Saptari in the east.
It is a centre for religious and cultural tourism.
Richard Lemon Owings
Richard Lemon Owings (1812–1902), more commonly known as Richard Owens or Dick Owens, was a pioneer of the American West who played an important role in John C. Fremont's third expedition to the Great Basin and California.

Owings is well known as a frequent companion and close friend of Kit Carson. He worked as a trapper prior to joining Fremont's Company. Fremont named the Owens Valley, Owens River, and Owens Lake in Eastern California all after him, even though Owings never visited any of them.

Trapping
Animal trapping, or simply trapping or ginning, is the use of a device to remotely catch and often kill an animal. Animals may be trapped for a variety of purposes, including for meat, fur/feathers, sport hunting, pest control, and wildlife management.

Among trapping methods, some are considered relatively humane while others are seen as excessively cruel. Laws in the European Union and many U.S. states ban inhumane traps such as foothold traps, and instead promote body-grip traps, which kill animals quickly and are therefore regarded as more humane. All traps, whether for capture or killing, must be checked at least every 24 hours, and humane guidelines recommend more frequent checks and, where possible, the use of monitoring devices that alert when a trap is triggered. Because improper trapping can cause severe animal suffering and pose risks to pets, wildlife, and humans, specialized certification programs train professionals in humane and safe pest management.
Harriet Leve
Harriet Newman Leve is an American theater and movie producer. She is best known for her work with Broadway shows, including Beautiful: The Carole King Musical (2014), Hedwig and the Angry Inch (2014), An American in Paris (2019), and Life of Pi (2023). She was also the executive producer of the films A Call to Spy (2019) and Radium Girls (2018). Plays that she co-produced on Broadway have received Drama Desk Awards, Drama League Awards, Olivier Awards, Outer Critics Circle Awards, and four Tony Awards.

Outer Critics Circle Awards
The Outer Critics Circle Awards are presented annually for Broadway and Off-Broadway theatrical achievements. They are presented by the Outer Critics Circle (OCC), the official organization of New York theater writers for out-of-town newspapers, digital and national publications, and other media beyond Broadway. The awards were first presented during the 1949–50 theater season.
2021 Indy Eleven season
The 2021 Indy Eleven season was the club's eighth season of existence, their eighth consecutive season in the second tier of American soccer, and their fourth season in the league now named the USL Championship. This article covers the period from November 2, 2020 (the day after the ultimately cancelled 2020 USLC playoffs final) to the end of the 2021 USLC season (tentatively scheduled for November 2021).

2021 USL Championship season
The 2021 USL Championship season was the eleventh season of the USL Championship and the fifth season under Division II  sanctioning. This was the third season under the name "USL Championship", having used the name "United Soccer League" through 2018. The 2021 season saw 31 teams participate in four divisions during the regular season.
Sobha Brahma
Sobha Brahma (14 October 1929 – 2012) was an Indian painter and sculptor. He lived and worked in Guwahati. He graduated from the Kalabhavana Visva-Bharati University Shantiniketan West-Bengal. Brahma developed a unique individual style that mixed traditional folk and modern Indian art.

He served as the Principal of the Government College Of Arts and Crafts Assam, as the vice-chairman of the prominent cultural centre Srimanta Sankardev Kalakshetra, set up under the Assam Accord, and as a member of the general council of Lalit Kala Akademi.

Visva-Bharati University
Visva-Bharati (IAST: Viśva-Bhāratī) (Bengali: [biʃːobʱaroti]) is a public central university and an Institute of National Importance located in Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India. The foundation stone was laid on 8 Poush 1325 (24th December 1918) by Rabindranath Tagore, who called it Visva-Bharati, which means the communion of the world with India. Until independence it was a college. Soon after independence, the institution was given the status of a central university in 1951 by an act of the Parliament.
John Maciuika
John Vincent Maciuika (Lithuanian: Jonas Vincas Mačiuika), born 26 October 1965, is a professor of art and architectural history at Baruch College, City University of New York. He teaches undergraduate and graduate courses on the history of architecture, urbanism and applied arts. The focus of his research in two books, dozens of research articles, and numerous lectures and interviews is the relationship between architecture, cultural identity, and national identity in Central and Eastern Europe.

John is featured in various articles, radio and TV programmes on architectural history in Lithuanian and American media.

History of architecture
The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates. The beginnings of all these traditions is thought to be humans satisfying the very basic need of shelter and protection. The term "architecture" generally refers to buildings, but in its essence is much broader, including fields we now consider specialized forms of practice, such as urbanism, civil engineering, naval, military, and landscape architecture.

Trends in architecture were influenced, among other factors, by technological innovations, particularly in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The improvement and/or use of steel, cast iron, tile, reinforced concrete, and glass helped for example Art Nouveau appear and made Beaux Arts more grandiose.
393rd Bombardment Group
The 393d Bombardment Group is a disbanded United States Air Force unit. It was part of Second Air Force, and last stationed at Sioux City Army Air Base, Iowa, where it was inactivated on 1 April 1944.  During World War II the group was a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Operational Training Unit, and later a Replacement Training Unit. It was inactivated in April 1944 in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training units.

Operational - Replacement Training Units
Operational Training Units (OTU) and Replacement Training Units (RTU) were training organizations of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. Unlike the schools of the Army Air Forces Training Command (AAFTC), OTU-RTU units were operational units of the four domestic numbered air forces along with I Troop Carrier Command and Air Transport Command, with the mission of final phase training new pilots or crews.  Most  were disbanded in the spring of 1944 and replaced by combat crew replacement centers assigned to base units.