hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thundermother
Thundermother is an all-female Swedish hard rock band founded by Filippa Nässil and Moa Munoz in Växjö 2009. The band has toured with Scorpions across Europe and North America, played with Kiss, Danish rock band D-A-D and Swedish rock band Backyard Babies. Thundermother has produced seven albums, the first album Rock'N'Roll Disaster came out in 2014 and the latest album Dirty and Divine was released February 2025.

Backyard Babies
Backyard Babies is a Swedish rock band originally from Nässjö and currently based in Stockholm. The band was formed in 1987 and have released eight studio albums, in addition to winning two Swedish Grammy Awards.

They are largely attributed with popularizing sleaze rock in Scandinavia and Sweden. Their single "Minus Celsius" appears as a playable bonus track in Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock and "Degenerated" is available as a downloadable song for Guitar Hero World Tour.
Montenegro men's national handball team
The Montenegro national handball team represents Montenegro in international handball competitions. The national team was formed in 2006 shortly after Montenegro regained independence.

Montenegro played their first official match on 3 January 2007 in Vantaa and beat Finland (28:26). Since then, Montenegro have qualified for nine big competitions – twice for the World Cup (2013 and 2023) and for the European Championship in 2008, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024 and 2026.

2020 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2020 EHF European Men's Handball Championship was the 14th edition of the tournament and the first to feature 24 national teams. It was co-hosted for the first time in three countries – Austria, Norway and Sweden – from 9 to 26 January 2020.

Spain won their second consecutive title by defeating Croatia 22–20 in the final, while co-hosts Norway won the bronze match against Slovenia. Other hosts Austria finished 8th and Sweden 7th.

Sander Sagosen's 65 goals was at the time a record for a single player at any European Championship, until Mathias Gidsel's 68 goals at the 2026 European Men's Handball Championship.
John W. Jones (soldier)
John W. Jones (c.1823 - May 4,1886) was an English-American soldier who served in both the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. During the Dakota War of 1862 Jones served as the Ordnance Sergeant of Fort Ridgely and was instrumental in the defense of Fort Ridgely alongside Lieutenant Timothy J. Sheehan during the Battle of Fort Ridgely. During the battle it is stated that Jones's cannon fire was critical in holding back the attacking Dakota under Chief Little Crow which ultimately saved the fort.

Timothy J. Sheehan
Timothy J. Sheehan (December 21, 1836 - July 11, 1913) was an Irish American immigrant, Minnesotan pioneer, a military officer during the American Civil War and Dakota War of 1862, Indian agent, Deputy US Marshal, the Sheriff of Freeborn County, Minnesota, and an early citizen of Albert Lea, Minnesota.
Direct reference theory
A direct reference theory (also called referentialism or referential realism) is a theory of language that claims that the meaning of a word or expression lies in what it points out in the world. The object denoted by a word is called its referent. Criticisms of this position are often associated with Ludwig Wittgenstein.

In the 19th century, mathematician and philosopher Gottlob Frege also argued against it, and contrasted it with mediated reference theory. In 1953, with his Philosophical Investigations, Wittgenstein argued against referentialism, famously saying that "the meaning of a word is its use." Direct reference theory is a position typically associated with logical positivism and analytical philosophy. Logical positivist philosophers in particular have significantly devoted their efforts in countering positions of the like of Wittgenstein's, a

Descriptivist theory of names
In the philosophy of language, the descriptivist theory of proper names (also descriptivist theory of reference) is the view that the meaning or semantic content of a proper name is identical to the descriptions associated with it by speakers, while their referents are determined to be the objects that satisfy these descriptions. Bertrand Russell and Gottlob Frege have both been associated with the descriptivist theory, which has been called the mediated reference theory or Frege–Russell view.

In the 1970s, this theory came under attack from causal theorists such as Saul Kripke, Hilary Putnam and others. However, it has seen something of a revival in recent years, especially under the form of what are called two-dimensional semantic theories. This latter trend is exemplified by the theories of David Chalmers, among others.
Yasuoka Ryōsuke
Yasuoka Ryōsuke (1825–1876) was a feudal lord of the Tosa Domain and a samurai of the Jinshotai in the late Edo period. He was a bureaucrat in the first half of the Meiji era, Shirakawa prefectural ordinance, and Kumamoto prefecture ordinance.

During the Boshin War, he captured and beheaded Kondō Isami. He was the great-grandfather of Masahiro Yasuoka, a Yomei scholar who wrote Yangmingism drafting sentences of the imperial rescript during World War II.

Kondō Isami
Kondō Isami (近藤 勇; November 9, 1834 – May 17, 1868) was a Japanese swordsman and samurai of the late Edo period. He was the fourth generation master of Tennen Rishin-ryū and was famed for his role as commander of the Shinsengumi.
1933 Boston mayoral election
The Boston mayoral election of 1933 occurred on Tuesday, November 7, 1933. Former state treasurer Frederick Mansfield defeated five other candidates to be elected Mayor of Boston.

In 1918, the Massachusetts state legislature had passed legislation making the Mayor of Boston ineligible to serve consecutive terms. Thus, incumbent James Michael Curley was unable to run for re-election.

Mansfield was inaugurated on Monday, January 1, 1934.

Treasurer and Receiver-General of Massachusetts
The treasurer and receiver-general of Massachusetts is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Originally appointed under authority of the English Crown pursuant to the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company, the office of treasurer and receiver-general (commonly called the "state treasurer") became an elective one in 1780. Sixty-one individuals have occupied the office of state treasurer over the ensuing centuries. The incumbent is Deb Goldberg, a Democrat who took office January 21, 2015.
Isabel Martínez Blaya
Isabel Martínez Blaya (Vall de Uxó, 1914 – Castellón de la Plana, March 18, 1989) was a feminist, militiwoman, anti-fascist, and Spanish politician.

With the establishment of democracy in Spain, she became Secretary of Social Services of the Local Executive Committee of the Socialist Party of the Valencian Country–PSOE (PSPV–PSOE) in Castellón.

Castellón de la Plana
Castellón de la Plana or Castelló de la Plana (or simply Castellón or Castelló), is the capital city of the province of Castellón, in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is located near the eastern coastline of the Iberian Peninsula by the Mediterranean Sea. The main urban core lies some kilometres inland while the detached district of Grau was built around the port. The Desert de les Palmes mountain range rises to the north.

According to the 2018 census, Castellón has a population of 174,264 inhabitants, ranking as the fourth most populated municipality in the Valencian Community. Castellón is part of a larger metropolitan area along with the neighbouring municipalities of Villarreal, Almassora, Benicàssim, Borriol, and Borriana.  The Prime Meridian, or Greenwich Meridian, intersects the 40th parallel at Castellón de la Plana and is commemorated with a monolith in Meridian Park (Parc del Meridià) located at the exact point where this occurs.
Hazaribagh Area
Hazaribagh Area is one of the operational areas of the Central Coalfields Limited located mainly in the  Hazaribagh and Ramgarh districts in the state of Jharkhand, India.

The projects of the Hazaribagh Area are: Parej East Open Cast, Kedla underground, Kedla opencast, Tapin opencast, Jharkhand opencast, Kedla Washery and Regional R/Workshop. The area office is at Charhi, PO Charhi 825336.

Ramgarh district
Ramgarh district is one of the 24 districts in the Indian state of Jharkhand.  It was also a military district during the British Regime, referred to then as Ramgarh district. It is the part of State Capital Region (SCR).

Ramgarh was made a district on 12 September 2007. It was carved out of erstwhile Hazaribagh District. Ramgarh lies at the heart of the Jharkhand state. It is a mining, industrial and cultural hub with the Maa Chhinnamasta Temple. In 1670s, the king Dalel Singh shifted the  capital of Ramgarh Raj to Ramgarh and named it after his father Ram Singh. The district of Ramgarh has been named after the town Ramgarh, its present headquarters.
Conolly Norman
Conolly Norman (12 March 1853 – 23 February 1908) was an Irish alienist, or psychiatrist, of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He was the Resident Medical Superintendent of a number of district asylums, most notably Ireland's largest asylum, the Richmond District Lunatic Asylum, now known as St. Brendan's Hospital.

That fellow I was in the Ship with last night, said Buck Mulligan, says you have g.p.i. He's up in Dottyville with Conolly Norman. General Paralysis of the Insane.— James Joyce, Ulysses

St. Brendan's Hospital, Dublin
St. Brendan's Hospital (Irish: Ospidéal Naomh Breandán) was a psychiatric facility located in the north Dublin suburb of Grangegorman. It formed part of the mental health services of Dublin North East with its catchment area being North West Dublin. It is now the site of a modern mental health facility known as the "Phoenix Care Centre". Since the official opening of the Richmond Lunatic Asylum in 1815 the Grangegorman site has continuously provided institutional facilities for the reception of the mentally ill until the present day. As such the Phoenix Care Centre represents the continuation of the oldest public psychiatric facility in Ireland.
Md. Mustafa Kamal
Md. Mustafa Kamal (born 10 October 1970) is a Bangladeshi police officer and the Additional Inspector General of Police (Addl. IGP) serving as the Director General (Chief) of the Police Bureau of Investigation (PBI), a specialized unit of the Bangladesh Police. He assumed leadership of the PBI in October 2024 and was subsequently promoted to the rank of Additional Inspector General in May 2025.

Police Bureau of Investigation
The Police Bureau of Investigation (Bengali: পুলিশ ব্যুরো অব ইনভেস্টিগেশন, romanized: Puliśa byurō aba inabhēsṭigēśana; abbreviated as PBI) is a specialized investigative agency under the Bangladesh Police responsible for conducting complex and high-profile criminal investigations. Established in 2012, PBI handles cases that require advanced forensic, technical, and analytical expertise, including homicides, organized crime, cybercrime, and corruption-related offenses. The bureau works closely with other units of the Bangladesh Police and, when necessary, coordinates with national and international law enforcement agencies to ensure thorough and professional investigations.
Frankfurt-Mainkur station
Frankfurt-Mainkur station is located on the Frankfurt Süd–Aschaffenburg railway between Frankfurt East station and Hanau Hauptbahnhof in the Frankfurt district of Fechenheim in the German state of Hesse. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 5 station.

Hanau Hauptbahnhof
Hanau Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in Hanau in the German state of Hesse, and is a major railway junction east of Frankfurt am Main. It was opened in 1867, but the current building was built in the late 1960s. It is located about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) south-east of central Hanau. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 2 station and has many train services, including Intercity Express, regional and S-Bahn services.
Olympic–Wallowa lineament
The Olympic–Wallowa lineament (OWL) is a series of geologic structures oriented from northwest to southeast for 650 km (400 mi) across Washington and northeast Oregon in the United States, passing through the Seattle area and including notable features east of the Cascade Range such as the Yakima Fold Belt and Wallowa Mountains. It was first reported by cartographer Erwin Raisz in 1945 on a relief map of the continental United States. The origin of this feature in its entirety is not well understood. The Olympic–Wallowa lineament likely predates the Columbia River Basalt Group.

Columbia River Basalt Group
The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest, smallest and one of the best-preserved continental flood basalt provinces on Earth, covering over 210,000 km2 (81,000 sq mi) mainly eastern Oregon and Washington, western Idaho, and part of northern Nevada. The basalt group includes the Steens and Picture Gorge basalt formations.
Calvary Cemetery (Queens)
Calvary Cemetery is a Catholic cemetery in Sunnyside, Maspeth, and Woodside, Queens, in New York City, United States. With about three million burials, it has the largest number of interments of any cemetery in the United States. Established in 1848, Calvary Cemetery covers 365 acres (148 ha) and is owned by the Archdiocese of New York and managed by the Trustees of St. Patrick's Cathedral.

Calvary Cemetery is divided into four sections, spread across the neighborhoods of Sunnyside, Maspeth and Woodside. The oldest, First Calvary, is also called "Old Calvary". The Second, Third and Fourth sections to the east are all considered part of "New Calvary".

Maspeth, Queens
Maspeth is a residential and commercial community in the borough of Queens in New York City. It was founded in the early 17th century by Dutch and English settlers. Neighborhoods sharing borders with Maspeth are Woodside to the north; Sunnyside to the northwest; Greenpoint, Brooklyn, to the west; East Williamsburg, Brooklyn, to the southwest; Fresh Pond and Ridgewood to the south; and Middle Village and Elmhurst to the east.

Maspeth is located in Queens Community District 5 and its ZIP Code is 11378. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 104th Precinct. Politically, Maspeth is represented by the New York City Council's 26th and 30th districts.
Polangui
Polangui, officially the Municipality of Polangui (Central Bikol: Banwaan kan Polangui; West Miraya Bikol: Banwaan nin Polangui; Rinconada Bikol: Banwaan ka Polangui; Tagalog: Bayan ng Polangui),  is a municipality in the province of Albay, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 89,344 people.

Albay Bikol language
Albay Bikol, or simply Albayanon is a group of languages and one of the three languages that compose Inland Bikol. It is spoken in the southwestern coast of Albay, (Pio Duran, Jovellar) and northwestern Sorsogon.
The region is bordered by the Coastal Bikol and Rinconada Bikol speakers. The latter is the closest language of Albay Bikol and is mutually intelligible. They are both included in Inland Bikol group of languages.

Albay Bikol is the only sub-group of the Inland Bikol group with several languages with in it. The member languages in this sub-grouping lack stressed syllables, rare, if there is, and that makes them different and unique from other Bikol languages. The said feature of Albay Bikol is comparable to French and Portuguese languages that rarely use stressed syllables.
Ministry of Defense and Veterans Affairs of Burkina Faso
The Ministry of Defense and Veterans Affairs of Burkina Faso (French: Ministère de la Défense nationale et des Anciens combattants), is the government agency responsible for overseeing the national defense and security of the Republic of Burkina Faso. It is one of the key ministries in the Burkinabé government and plays a crucial role in the management of the Burkina Faso Armed Forces.

Burkina Faso Armed Forces
The Burkina Faso Armed Forces (French: Forces armées du Burkina Faso) are the military of Burkina Faso. The service branches of the armed forces include its Army, the Central Army Group, the Air Force, the National Fire Brigade, and National Gendarmerie. Being a landlocked country, Burkina Faso has no navy.
Shine, Perishing Republic
"Shine, Perishing Republic" is a poem by the American writer Robinson Jeffers, first published in 1925 in the collection Roan Stallion, Tamar, and Other Poems. It describes an increasingly corrupt American empire, which it advises readers to view through the naturalizing perspective of social cycles. Jeffers wrote two companion poems in the 1930s: "Shine, Republic" and "Shine, Empire".

Social cycle theory
Social cycle theories are among the earliest social theories in sociology. Unlike the theory of social evolutionism, which views the evolution of society and human history as progressing in some new, unique direction(s), sociological cycle theory argues that events and stages of society and history generally repeat themselves in cycles.

Such a theory does not necessarily imply that there cannot be any social progress. In the early theory of Sima Qian and the more recent theories of long-term ("secular") political-demographic cycles, an explicit accounting is made of social progress.
Tunisia women's national under-17 football team
The Tunisia women's national under-17 football team has represented Tunisia in women's international association football for players aged 17 or under. The team is administered by the Tunisian Football Federation (TFF), which governs football in Tunisia. On a continental level, the team competes under the Confederation of African Football (CAF), which governs associate football in Africa, and is also affiliated with FIFA for global competitions. Additionally, the team is a member of the Union of North African Football (UNAF) and the Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA). The team is colloquially known as Eagles of Carthage by fans and the media, with the bald eagle serving as its symbol. Their home kit is primarily white and their away kit is red, which is a reference to the national flag of the country.

The team played in the 2024 UNAF U-17 Women's Tournament at home, finishing second after two wins over Morocco 2−0 and Egypt 2−1 and a 0−0 draw against invited Tanzania.

2024 UNAF U-17 Women's Tournament
the 2024 UNAF U-17 Women's Tournament is the upcoming 1st edition of the UNAF U-17 Women's Tournament, the international women's youth football championship contested by the under-17 national teams of the member associations of UNAF (North Africa), the tournament was originally scheduled to run from xx to xx xx 2024. However, the tournament was postponed to September 2024 in Le Kram and Ariana, Tunisia.
2025 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres at the 2025 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held on the short track of Omnisport in Apeldoorn, Netherlands, on 7 and 8 March 2025. This was the 38th time the event was contested at the European Athletics Indoor Championships. Athletes qualified by achieving the entry standard or by their World Athletics Ranking in the event.

Omnisport Apeldoorn
The Omnisport Apeldoorn, also known as the Omnisportcentrum or simply called Omnisport, is a velodrome and multisport indoor arena in Apeldoorn, the Netherlands.

Designed by FaulknerBrowns Architects the facility opened in 2008, it is divided into two halls: a cycling hall containing 250 m (820 ft) cycling track and 200 m (660 ft) athletics track, and a volleyball hall. The cycling hall has a capacity for 5,000 spectators and the volleyball hall for 2,000. The complex has been operated by Libéma since 2012.
Gymnocephalus
Gymnocephalus is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the family Percidae, which includes the perches, pike-perches and darters. They are from the Western Palearctic area, although one species, Gymnocephalus cernua has been accidentally introduced to the Great Lakes region where it is regarded as an invasive species. They have the common name "ruffe" and resemble the true perches in the genus Perca, but are usually smaller and have a different pattern.

Perch
Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus Perca, which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from Greek: πέρκη, romanized: perke, meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (P. fluviatilis).

Many species of freshwater game fish more or less resemble perch, but belong to different genera. In fact, the exclusively saltwater-dwelling red drum (which belongs to a different order Acanthuriformes) is often referred to as a "red perch", though by definition perch are freshwater species. Though many fish are referred to as perch as a common name, to be considered a true perch, the fish must be of the family Percidae.

The earliest fossil remains of Perca are known from the Middle Miocene of Ukraine.
Orthocephalus saltator
Orthocephalus saltator is a Palearctic species of plant bug in the family Miridae. It is found in Europe as far as the Caspian Sea and Siberia and to the south North Africa.
O. saltator feeds on Asteraceae especially Hieracium pilosella and Poaceae

Miridae
The Miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonym Capsidae. Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or "mirid bugs". Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass bugs. It is the largest family of true bugs (suborder Heteroptera); it includes over 10,000 known species, and new ones are being described constantly. Most widely known mirids are species that are notorious agricultural pests that pierce plant tissues, feed on the sap, and sometimes transmit viral plant diseases. Some species however, are predatory.
Rudragouda Artal
Rao Bahadur Rudragouda C. Aratal (1851 –  4 October 1932) was an Indian civil servant who was Deputy Collector of Belgaum in the British Raj. He is also a founder of the Karnatak Lingayat Education Society, which was established in 1916. One of the revenue administrative report praises Aratal for fighting corruption, stating, "The entire credit of eradicating corruption from the Revenue department, goes to Rao Bahaddur R.C. Aratal."

Belgaum
Belgaum (Kannada ISO: Beḷagāvi, IPA: [beɭɐɡaːʋi]; Marathi ISO: Bēḻagāṃva, IPA: [beɭɡaːũ]), officially known as Belagavi (also Belgaon), is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka located near its northern western border in the Western Ghats. It is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous Belagavi division and Belagavi district. The Government of Karnataka has proposed making Belgaum the second capital of Karnataka alongside Bangalore, hence a second state administrative building Suvarna Vidhana Soudha was inaugurated on 11 October 2012.

Belgaum has been selected in first phase out of 20 cities, as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under India's flagship Smart Cities Mission.