hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Red Week (Argentina)
The Red Week (Spanish: Semana Roja) was a general strike in Argentina, in May 1909. After police attacked an International Workers' Day demonstration, killing a number of the demonstrators, a coalition of the anarchist Argentine Regional Workers' Federation (FORA) and socialist General Workers' Union (UGT) declared a general strike. Their demands were the release of all political prisoners who were arrested during the demonstration, and the reopening of their meeting spaces, which the police had shut down. The UGT also demanded the resignation of police chief Ramón Lorenzo Falcón, although the FORA refused to accept the demand due to their anti-statism. The government attempted to quell the unrest by mobilising the Argentine Federal Police and even calling in the Argentine Army. After a week of strike actions, the government agreed to the negotiations and accepted the FORA's demands. Although he never resigned, Falcón was later assassinated by the anarchist Simón Radowitzky.

General strike
A general strike (or mass strike) is a strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates. General strikes are characterised by the participation of workers from a multitude of workplaces across different industries, and tend to involve entire communities. They are often used to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal. General strikes first occurred in the mid-19th century and have characterised many historically important strikes.
Olivia Grange
Olivia Atavia "Babsy" Grange OJ, CD, DSE (born 27 April 1946) is a Jamaican politician. She has served as Member of Parliament for Saint Catherine Central since 1997 and as Jamaica's Minister of Sports, Youth and Culture for the duration of the Jamaica Labour Party government from 2007 to 2011 and Minister of Culture, Gender, Entertainment and Sport since 2016.

Order of Jamaica
The Order of Jamaica is the fifth of the six orders in the Jamaican honours system. The Order was established in 1969, and it is considered the equivalent of a knighthood in the British honours system.

Membership in the Order can be conferred upon any Jamaican citizen of outstanding distinction. Honorary membership in the Order can be conferred upon any distinguished citizen of a country other than Jamaica.

Members and Honorary Members are entitled to:

wear the insignia of the Order as a decoration,

be styled "The Honourable",

use the post-nominal letters "OJ" (for Members) or "OJ (Hon.)" (for Honorary Members).

The motto of the Order is "For a covenant of the people".
Learned optimism
Learned optimism is the idea in positive psychology that a talent for joy, like any other, can be cultivated. In contrast with learned helplessness, optimism is learned by consciously challenging negative self talk.

Learned helplessness
Learned helplessness is the behavior exhibited by a subject after enduring repeated aversive stimuli beyond their control. 
In humans, learned helplessness is related to the concept of self-efficacy, the individual's belief in their innate ability to achieve goals.

Learned helplessness theory is the view that clinical depression and related mental illnesses may result from a real or perceived absence of control over the outcome of a situation.
Bauro Tokatake
Bauro Tokatake (c. 1932 – 2003) was a Gilbertese / I-Kiribati landowner and politician who served as the seventh uea (Gilbertese for 'king, high chief') of Abemama, Kuria and Aranuka in the Gilbert Islands / Kiribati (after 1979). Bauro inherited the historic title—a relic from the precolonial-era State of Abemama with no legal basis—from his father, Tekinaiti, in the 1960s. Due to his lineage, he also owned the most land on his home island of Abemama. He received income through copra production, as custom allowed him to ask any of his subjects to come work on his properties, and, more contentiously, by selling off land. Bauro served as President of the Island Council from 1968 to 1977. He represented Abemama on the Legislative Council of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands from 1971 to 1978.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands
The Gilbert and Ellice Islands (GEIC as a colony) in the Pacific Ocean was part of the British Empire from 1892 to 1976. It was a protectorate from 1892 to 12 January 1916, and then a colony until 1 January 1976, and was administered as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT) until it became independent as two separate states. The history of GEIC was mainly characterized by phosphate mining on Ocean Island. In October 1975, these islands were divided by force of law into two separate colonies, and they became independent nations shortly thereafter: the Ellice Islands became Tuvalu in 1978, and the Gilbert Islands with Banaba (Ocean Island) became part of Kiribati in 1979.
Sultan Alam Shah School
Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah or simply Alam Shah (abbreviated as SAS) is a fully residential school situated in Putrajaya, Malaysia. Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah is one of the schools in the country awarded with the title High Performance School  and in 2014 was entitled as one of the 10 Schools of Global Excellence (SGE)  by the Ministry of Education due to its academic merits, co-curricular achievements, strength of its alumnus, international recognition, broad network and vast linkages. The school is under the royal patronage of the Sultan of Selangor.

Sharafuddin of Selangor
Sharafuddin Idris Shah Alhaj Ibni Almarhum Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Alhaj (Jawi: سلطان شرف الدين إدريس شاه الحاج ابن المرحوم سلطان صلاح الدين عبدالعزيز شاه الحاج‎; born 24 December 1945) has been the Sultan of Selangor since ascending to the throne in November 2001.
Ljubica Marić
Ljubica Marić (Љубица Марић Serbian pronunciation: [ʎûbitsa mǎːritɕ], 18 March 1909 – 17 September 2003) was a composer from Yugoslavia. She was a pupil of Josip Štolcer-Slavenski. She was known for being inspired by Byzantine Orthodox church music. She was professor at the Faculty of Music in Belgrade and a member of the  Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Ljubica Marić is considered to be the most original Serbian composer of the twentieth century and musically the most influential one.

University of Arts in Belgrade
The University of Arts in Belgrade (Serbian Cyrillic: Универзитет уметности у Београду, romanized: Univerzitet umetnosti u Beogradu) is a public university in Serbia. It was founded in 1957 as the Academy of Arts to unite four academies. It became a university and acquired its current name in 1973.
Pungo River Formation
The Pungo River Formation is a geologic formation in North Carolina. It preserves fossils dating back to the Early to Middle Miocene. It is economically significant for the high levels of phosphate mined from the formation.

Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene, and followed by the Late Miocene.

The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma. During this period, a sharp drop in global temperatures took place. This event is known as the Middle Miocene Climatic Transition.

For the purpose of establishing European land mammal ages, this sub-epoch is equivalent to the Astaracian age.
Google Allo
Google Allo was an instant messaging mobile app by Google for the Android and iOS mobile operating systems, with a web client available in some web browsers. It closed on March 12, 2019.

The app used phone numbers as identifiers, allowing users to exchange messages, files, voice notes, and images. It included a virtual assistant that generated automatic reply suggestions and an optional encrypted mode known as incognito mode. Users could also resize messages and add doodles and stickers on images before sending them.

Before launch, Google touted strong privacy in the app, with particular emphasis on messages stored "transiently and in non-identifiable form". However, at launch, privacy was significantly rolled back, with Google keeping logs of messages indefinitely (or until the user deletes messages) in an effort to improve the app's "smart reply" feature.

Google Messages
Google Messages (formerly known as Messenger, Android Messages, and Messages by Google) is a text messaging software application developed by Google for its Android and Wear OS mobile operating systems. It is also available as a web app.

Google's official universal messaging platform for the Android ecosystem, Messages employs SMS, MMS, and Rich Communication Services (RCS). Starting in 2023, Google has RCS activated by default on participating Android devices, similar to the implementation of iMessage on Apple devices.
Lynching of Irving and Herman Arthur
African Americans Irving "Ervie" Arthur (1903–1920) and his brother Herman Arthur (1892–1920), a World War I veteran, were lynched—burned alive—at the Lamar County Fairgrounds in Paris, Texas, on July 6, 1920. The event extended and amplified regional and national flashpoints for justice.  It happened just a year after the racial violence of 1919's Red Summer. The family was attacked by some of the town's white population and were forced to flee to the north, mostly settling in Chicago. This and other attacks on Black Americans encouraged civil rights groups to fight against lynchings in the United States. Media outlets reported on the 100-year-old anniversary but the memorial events were scaled down due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Lamar County, Texas
Lamar County (/ləˈmɑːr/) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas, in the Northeast Texas region. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,088. Its county seat is Paris. The county was formed by the Congress of the Republic of Texas on December 17, 1840, and organized the next year. It is named for Mirabeau B. Lamar, the second president of the Republic of Texas. Lamar County comprises the Paris, TX micropolitan statistical area.
Gordon Chong
Gordon Joseph Chong (October 28, 1943 – July 13, 2018) was a Canadian politician and public servant active in Toronto.

He served as a Toronto city councillor and was vice-chairman of the Toronto Transit Commission in the 1990s. He served on the board of GO Transit from 2000 to 2006 including periods as vice-chairman of GO Transit and chairman. He was also the final chair of the Greater Toronto Services Board (2001).

Toronto City Council
Toronto City Council is the governing body of the municipal government of Toronto, Ontario. Meeting at Toronto City Hall, it comprises 25 city councillors and the mayor of Toronto. The current term began on November 15, 2022.
Negima!?
Negima!? (Japanese: ネギま!?) is an anime television series created by Shaft. It is an alternate retelling of the Negima! Magister Negi Magi series. Directed by Akiyuki Shinbo, it aired from October 4, 2006 to March 28, 2007 in Japan. The anime was accompanied by a monthly manga series by Takuya Fujima called Negima!? neo. Both series feature the same characters and locations. This new season aired on TV Tokyo's late afternoon time slot rather than on late nights, like the original anime series did.

Shaft (company)
Shaft Inc. (stylized as SHAFT; Japanese: 株式会社シャフト, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Shafuto), also known as Shaft Animation Studio, is a Japanese animation studio founded in 1975 and headquartered in Suginami, Tokyo. Since 2004, the studio's productions and staff have been broadly influenced by director Akiyuki Shinbo, whose visual style and avant-garde cinematography are featured in works including Hidamari Sketch (2007), Sayonara, Zetsubou-Sensei (2007), the Monogatari series (2009–present), Puella Magi Madoka Magica (2011), Nisekoi (2014), and March Comes In Like a Lion (2016).
Regina Kulikova
Regina Aleksandrovna Kulikova (Russian: Регина Александровна Куликова; born 30 January 1989) is a former professional Russian tennis player. Her highest WTA singles ranking is No. 65, which she reached in May 2010. Her career-high in doubles is 226, which she attained in May 2011. Her best result on the WTA Tour is her quarterfinal appearance at the 2010 Dubai Tennis Championships where she defeated Svetlana Kuznetsova. Her biggest victory at a Grand Slam tournament came at the 2011 Australian Open, where she defeated former semifinalist Daniela Hantuchová, in the first round.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Okiep
Okiep is a small town in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, and was in the 1870s ranked as having the richest copper mine in the world. The town is on the site of a spring that was known in the Khoekhoe language of the Nama people as U-gieb (large brackish place) and was originally spelled as O'okiep.

Nama people
Nama (in older sources also called Namaqua) are an African ethnic group who reside in South Africa, Namibia, and Botswana. They traditionally speak the Nama language of the Khoe-Kwadi language family, although many Nama also speak Afrikaans. The Nama people (or Nama-Khoe people) are the largest group of the Khoekhoe people, much of which has disappeared as a group. Many of the Nama clans live in central Namibia and other smaller groups live in Namaqualand, which straddles the Namibian border with South Africa.
New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat
The New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat (Mystacina tuberculata) is a small-sized omnivorous mammal endemic to the islands of New Zealand. It is one of two extant and three overall terrestrial mammal species unique to New Zealand. Its closest relative, the New Zealand greater short-tailed bat (M. robusta), was last seen in 1965 and is presumed extinct due to intense predation from ship rats introduced in the last few centuries. These bats are also commonly referred to as pekapeka, their Māori-language name. Lesser short-tailed bats have unique adaptations that differentiate them from bats found in other parts of the world. For example, they are fully capable of moving along the ground to search for food, and the males sing to attract partners, taking turns to do so. Lesser short-tailed bats are a vulnerable species, so extensive conservation work and research are being done to prevent extinction.

Black rat
The black rat (Rattus rattus), also known as the roof rat, ship rat, or house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the stereotypical rat genus Rattus, in the subfamily Murinae. It is a generalist omnivore that can live on a wide variety of foods. It associates extensively with humans, and most populations are synanthropic. It likely originated in the Indian subcontinent, but is now found worldwide.

The black rat is black to light brown in colour with a lighter underside. It is a prominent pest to farmers because it feeds on a wide range of agricultural crops. It is sometimes kept as a pet, though most domestic rats are a subspecies of the brown rat. In parts of India, it is considered sacred and respected, notably at the Karni Mata Temple in Deshnoke.
Goodyear ZWG
The Goodyear ZWG is classified as a ZW  Airborne Early Warning Airship. The ZWG-1, designed specifically for the national early warning network mission, was ordered but was subsequently replaced by a much-modified ZPG design as the ZPG-3W.

N-class blimp
The N-Class, or as popularly known, the "Nan ship", was a line of non-rigid airships built by the Goodyear Aircraft Company of Akron, Ohio, for the US Navy. This line of airships was developed through many versions and assigned various designators as the airship designation system changed in the post–World War II era. These versions included airships configured for both anti-submarine warfare and airborne early warning (AEW) missions.
Dear X (TV series)
Dear X (Korean: 친애하는 X) is a 2025 South Korean melo-thriller television series co-written by Choi Ja-won and Vanziun, directed by Lee Eung-bok and Park So-hyun, and starring Kim You-jung, Kim Young-dae, Kim Do-hoon and Lee Yul-eum. Based on Naver Webtoon of the same title by Vanziun, it depicts the rise and downfall of top actress Baek Ah-jin and her two faces hidden behind it. The series first premiered in the On Screen section of the 30th Busan International Film Festival on September 18, 2025 where two of its twelve episodes were screened. It then premiered on TVING with the release of its first four episodes on November 6, 2025, at 18:00 (KST), followed by two new episodes every Thursday, for a total of 12 episodes. It is also available for streaming on HBO Max and Viki in selected regions, on Disney+ in Japan, and on STARZPlay in MENA region.

Rakuten Viki
Rakuten Viki is an American over-the-top subscription video on-demand streaming service. It streams videos similar to other services, but also allows users to subtitle content available in 200 languages as well as providing original programming. Headquartered in San Mateo, California, it has offices in Singapore, Tokyo, Japan, and Seoul, South Korea.

The name Viki is a portmanteau of the words video and wiki, drawing on the latter's use of volunteers for content management. The company won the Crunchie award for best international start-up company in January 2011.
Jan Howard Finder
Jan Howard Finder (March 2, 1939 – February 26, 2013) was an American academic administrator, career counselor, science fiction writer, filker, hostelling tour guide, cosplayer, and fan. He was a guest of honor at the 1993 Worldcon, ConFrancisco. As a personal affectation, he often spelled his name in all lower case letters, jan howard finder. (His last name is pronounced finn-der.)

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
Solar eclipse of May 22, 2077
A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Saturday, May 22, 2077, with a magnitude of 1.029. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 3.2 days after perigee (on May 18, 2077, at 20:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.

The path of totality will be visible from parts of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands. A partial solar eclipse will also be visible for parts of Australia, Indonesia, Antarctica, and Oceania.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Sony Ericsson W880i
The Sony Ericsson W880i is a mobile phone that was announced on 6 February 2007 and released in spring 2007. Part of Sony Ericsson's Walkman series, the phone has been popular due to its tiny dimensions and low weight. At only 9.4 mm thick, the W880 was one of the few phones on the market that were thinner than 1 cm (10 mm), the other notable example being the Nokia 5310 from later that year.

The W880i is available in three different colour schemes; "Flame Black", "Steel Silver" and "Pitch Black". There is a fourth color scheme, "Gold", which is exclusively available to Vodafone. There is also a non-3G version of the phone; the Sony Ericsson W888c.

Nokia 5310
The Nokia 5310 is a mobile phone, introduced by Nokia on 29 August 2007 as part of the music-focused XpressMusic label and released in October 2007. It is less than a centimeter thick and is available with a blue, red, purple, pink, orange, silver or black trim, the main body also being available in grey, black or white. It features many music specific features as well as a 2.0-megapixel camera. At 9.9 mm thick, it is one of few mobile phones measuring less than 1 cm thick at the time. It is one of the lightest phones Nokia has ever produced at 71 g.

On 19 March 2020, HMD Global released a reimagining of the phone, the Nokia 5310 (2020), and on 16 April 2024, the updated Nokia 5310 (2024) was released.
Isaac Allerton Jr.
Col. Isaac Allerton Jr. (c. 1627/1630 – December 30, 1702) was planter, military officer, politician and merchant in colonial America. Like his father, he first traded in New England, and after his father's death, in Virginia. There, he served on the Governor's Council (1687-1691) and for many years in the House of Burgesses, representing Northumberland County and later Westmoreland County.

Northumberland County, Virginia
Northumberland County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 11,839. Its county seat is Heathsville. The county is located on the Northern Neck and is part of the Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace AVA winemaking appellation.
Kolhan University
Kolhan University is a public university located in Chaibasa, in the West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand, India. The university offers both undergraduate and postgraduate courses in various streams and have 20 constituent colleges and 34 affiliated colleges across three districts of Jharkhand.

West Singhbhum district
West Singhbhum district or Pashchimi Singhbhum district is one of the 24 districts of Jharkhand state, India. It came into existence on 16 January 1990, when the old Singhbhum district (then in Bihar) was bifurcated. Chaibasa is the district headquarter.

The district is bounded on north by Khunti district, on the east by Saraikela Kharsawan district of Jharkhand, on the southeast by Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, on the south by Kendujhar district of Odisha, and on the west by Simdega district of Jharkhand and Sundergarh district of Odisha.West Singhbhum district is located in southern part of Jharkhand
Associated Wholesalers
Associated Wholesalers, Inc. was a retailers' cooperative based in Robesonia, Pennsylvania. It distributed food to member owners who are independent supermarkets. It owns the Shurfine Markets supermarket chain in Pennsylvania.

Associated Wholesalers, Inc. was one of the cooperative wholesalers which own the Retailer Owned Research Company (RORC) of Fort Worth, Texas.  RORC technology was used in AWI owned Shurfine Markets.

Associated Wholesalers, Inc. filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on Sunday September 7, 2014. It was acquired by C&S Wholesale Grocers.

Western Family Foods
Western Family Foods was founded as the Pacific Mercantile Cooperative on March 3, 1934, by a group of retailer-owned grocery wholesalers. Western Family Foods was established December 19, 1963. The company supplied independent grocery stores with store brands. It is based in Tigard, Oregon. It used to distribute the Western Family, Shurfine, Shursaving, MarketChoice, and Better Buy brands, which were used in many independently owned supermarkets. On June 13, 2016, Western Family Foods announced that they had been acquired by Topco and closed their Tigard office later in 2016.