hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
VASCAR
VASCAR (Visual Average Speed Computer And Recorder) is a type of device for calculating the speed of a moving vehicle. The first VASCAR device was created in 1966 by Arthur Marshall. It is used by police officers to enforce speed limits, and may be preferred where RADAR or LIDAR is illegal, such as in some jurisdictions in Pennsylvania, or to prevent detection by those with radar detectors.

Lidar traffic enforcement
Lidar has a wide range of applications; one use is in traffic enforcement  and in particular speed limit enforcement, where it has become increasingly common since the 1990s with the release of the Laser Technology Inc. 20-20. Rather than directly replacing radar, lidar supplements it with the benefits of greater precision in specific vehicular targeting in certain situations. Modern lidar-based systems can automate speed detection, vehicle identification, and evidentiary documentation, though driver identification is not as commonly automated.
Parkinsonism
Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia (slowed movements), rigidity, and postural instability.

Both hypokinetic features (bradykinesia and akinesia) and hyperkinetic features (cogwheel rigidity and tremors at rest) are displayed in parkinsonism. These are the four motor signs that are found in Parkinson's disease (PD) – after which Parkinsonism is named – and in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and many other conditions.

This set of signs occurs in a wide range of conditions and may have many causes, including neurodegenerative conditions, drugs, toxins, metabolic diseases, and neurological conditions other than Parkinson's disease.

Hypokinesia
Hypokinesia is one of the classifications of movement disorders, and refers to decreased bodily movement. Hypokinesia is characterized by a partial or complete loss of muscle movement due to a disruption in the basal ganglia. Hypokinesia is a symptom of Parkinson's disease shown as muscle rigidity and an inability to produce movement. It is also associated with mental health disorders and prolonged inactivity due to illness, amongst other diseases.

The other category of movement disorder is hyperkinesia that features an exaggeration of unwanted movement, such as twitching or writhing in Huntington's disease or Tourette syndrome.
Ruchi Veera
Ruchi Vira (Hindi pronunciation: [ɾʊt͡ʃɪ ʋiːɾaː]) is an Indian politician and current Member of Parliament of Lok Sabha from Moradabad. She is former member of the 16th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh of India. She represented the Bijnor constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Samajwadi Party.

Bijnor Assembly constituency
Bijnor Assembly constituency is one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India. It is a part of the Bijnor district and one of the five assembly constituencies in the Bijnor Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1951 after the delimitation order (DPACO - 1951) was passed in 1951. The constituency was assigned identification number 22 after "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" was passed in the year 2008.
Bertrand Traoré
Bertrand Isidore Traoré (born 6 September 1995) is a Burkinabé professional footballer who plays as a forward or a right winger for Premier League club Sunderland and captains the Burkina Faso national team.

After beginning his career at Auxerre, Traoré finished his development at Chelsea, and made his debut in a one-and-a-half-year loan at Vitesse in the Eredivisie. After a season in the Premier League with Chelsea, he was loaned back to the Netherlands to play for Ajax in 2016, and a year later signed for Lyon for €10 million. He then played for İstanbul Başakşehir on loan until 2023.

A full international from the age of 15, Traoré represented Burkina Faso at six Africa Cup of Nations tournaments.

Burkina Faso national football team
The Burkina Faso national football team (French: Équipe de football du Burkina Faso) represents Burkina Faso in men's international football and is controlled by the Burkinabé Football Federation. They were known as the Upper Volta national football team until 1984, when Upper Volta became Burkina Faso. They finished fourth in the 1998 Africa Cup of Nations, when they hosted the tournament. Their best ever finish in the tournament was the 2013 edition, reaching the final.
Arsenobetaine
Arsenobetaine is an organoarsenic compound found in fish. It is the arsenic analog of trimethylglycine, commonly known as betaine. The biochemistry and biosynthesis of this molecule are similar to those of choline and glycine betaine.

Arsenobetaine is a common substance in marine biological systems and unlike many other organoarsenic compounds, such as trimethylarsine, it is relatively non-toxic. The compound may play a similar role as urea does for nitrogen, as a non-toxic waste compound made in the bodies of animals to dispose of the relevant element.

It has been known since 1920 that marine fish contain organoarsenic compounds, but it was not until 1977 that the chemical structure of arsenobetaine was determined.

Trimethylglycine
Trimethylglycine is an amino acid derivative with the formula (CH3)3N+CH2CO−2. A colorless, water-soluble solid, it occurs in plants. Trimethylglycine is a zwitterion: the molecule contains both a quaternary ammonium group and a carboxylate group. Trimethylglycine was the first betaine discovered; originally it was simply called betaine because it was discovered in sugar beets (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris).  Several other betaines are now known.
Serbia and Montenegro in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest
The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest once, in 2005. The Serbian-Montenegrin participating broadcaster in the contest was Udruženje javnih radija i televizija (UJRT). Its only entry "Ljubav pa fudbal" by Filip Vučić, finished 13th. Following the country's dissolution in 2006, the broadcaster was closed. Since then Serbia and Montenegro have participated in the contest as separate entities; with Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) debuting in 2006 and Radio i Televizija Crne Gore (RTCG) in 2014.

Radio and Television of Montenegro
Radio and Television of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Радио и Телевизија Црне Горе, Radio i Televizija Crne Gore; abbr. РТЦГ/RTCG) is the public service broadcaster of Montenegro. A state-owned company with its headquarters in Podgorica, it is made up of the Radio of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Радио Црне Горе, Radio Crne Gore; RCG) and the Television of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Телевизија Црне Горе, Televizija Crne Gore; TVCG).

In July 2001, RTCG became a joint member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). It became a full member of the EBU upon the declaration of Montenegrin independence in 2006.
Ng Cheuk Wai
Ng Cheuk Wai (born 19 March 1997) is a Hong Kong footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Iwate Zebras Women's FC in the Japan Mynavi Tohoku Women‘s Football League (Division 2) . She is also a futsal player, and represented Hong Kong internationally in both football and futsal.She also coaches for some Hong Kong schools.

Hong Kong women's national football team
The Hong Kong women's national football team (Chinese: 中國香港女子足球代表隊; recognized as Hong Kong, China by FIFA) represents Hong Kong in international women's football and is controlled by the Football Association of Hong Kong, China, the governing body for football in Hong Kong.
Saudi Arabia Snooker Masters
The Saudi Arabia Snooker Masters is a professional snooker ranking tournament held in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Organised by the World Snooker Tour in collaboration with the Saudi Arabian Billiards & Snooker Federation (SABSF), the inaugural event was held in 2024 with Judd Trump as the winner. Branded by the tournament organisers as one of snooker's four major tournaments, it featured a total prize fund of £2,302,000, the second-highest after the World Championship.

The tournament marked the return of ranking snooker events to the Middle East, following the Bahrain Championship in 2008, and it was the first annual event since the Dubai Classic in the 1980s.

World Snooker Championship
The World Snooker Championship, or simply known as the snooker World Championship, is the longest-running and most prestigious tournament in professional snooker. It is also the richest event to date with a total prize money of £2,395,000, including £500,000 for the winner. First held in 1927, it is now one of the three tournaments (together with the UK Championship and the invitational Masters) that make up snooker's Triple Crown Series. The reigning world champion is Zhao Xintong.
Chicotte River
The Chicotte River (French: Rivière Chicotte) is a tributary of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, flowing in the municipality of L'Île-d'Anticosti, in the Minganie Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of North Shore, in province of Quebec, in Canada.

A forest road (north–south direction) serves the west side of this valley and another on the east side; these roads connect to the south the coastal road of the island (east–west direction). These roads are mainly used for forestry and recreational tourism activities.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this area, particularly through Anticosti National Park which covers the upper part of the river; recreational tourism activities, second.

Minganie Regional County Municipality
Minganie (French pronunciation: [mɛ̃ɡani]) is a regional county municipality on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in the Côte-Nord region of Quebec, Canada. Its territory includes Anticosti Island.
Kukkiwon
Kukkiwon (Korean: 국기원; Hanja: 國技院; lit. National Sport Headquarters), also known as World Taekwondo Headquarters, and home of the World Taekwondo Academy, is where the official taekwondo governing organization was established by the South Korean government. It is supervised by the International Sports Division of the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism.

Kukkiwon is based at 635 Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam District, Seoul, South Korea. Construction of the main building commenced on 19 November 1971, and was completed on 30 November 1972, with the organization being officially named on 6 February 1973. In May 1973, the Korea Taekwondo Association and Kukkiwon hosted the first World Taekwondo Championships, with 200 taekwondo competitors from 17 countries in attendance. Kukkiwon has had a permanent taekwondo demonstration team since September 1974. The current president is Grandmaster Ung Suk Yun, elected on November 1, 2025.

Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (South Korea)
The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (MCST; Korean: 문화체육관광부) is a central government agency of South Korea responsible for the areas of tourism, culture, art, religion, and sports. It has two vice ministers, three assistant ministers, one commission, and over 60 divisions. The first Minister of Culture was novelist Lee O-young. Subsidiary entities such as the National Museum, the National Theater, and the National Library are under the Ministry.

The headquarters are located in the Sejong Government Complex in Sejong City. The headquarters were previously in Jongno District, Seoul.
Complexities: Women in Mathematics
Complexities: Women in Mathematics is an edited volume on women in mathematics that "contains the stories and insights of more than eighty female mathematicians". It was edited by Bettye Anne Case and Anne M. Leggett, based on a collection of material from the Newsletter of the Association for Women in Mathematics, and published by Princeton University Press in 2005 (ISBN 0-691-11462-5).

Association for Women in Mathematics
The Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM) is a professional society whose mission is to encourage women and girls to study and to have active careers in the mathematical sciences, and to promote equal opportunity for and the equal treatment of women and girls in the mathematical sciences. The AWM was founded in 1971 and incorporated in the state of Massachusetts.  AWM has approximately 5200 members, including over 250 institutional members, such as colleges, universities, institutes, and mathematical societies.  It offers numerous programs and workshops to mentor women and girls in the mathematical sciences.  Much of AWM's work is supported through federal grants.
Rosemary Fowler
Rosemary Fowler (née Brown; born 1926) is a British physicist who in 1948 as a 22-year-old doctoral researcher discovered the kaon (or K meson particle). While studying photographic plates that had been left exposed to cosmic rays, she identified a new configuration of tracks within the photographic emulsion that she recognised as being the decay of an unknown charged particle. Her discovery contributed to the introduction into particle physics of the property of strangeness, and to physicists' understanding that parity is not conserved in weak interactions – features that now form an integral part of the Standard Model of particle physics.

C. F. Powell
Cecil Frank Powell (5 December 1903 – 9 August 1969) was a British experimental physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1950 for heading the team that developed the photographic method of studying nuclear processes, and for the resulting discovery of the pion (pi-meson).
USS Charlotte (SSN-766)
USS Charlotte (SSN-766), a Los Angeles-class submarine, is the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for Charlotte, North Carolina. The contract to build her was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia on 6 February 1987 and her keel was laid down on 17 August 1990. Sponsored by Mrs. Mary McComack, she was launched on 3 October 1992 and commissioned on 16 September 1994. She arrived at her homeport of Naval Station Pearl Harbor on 17 November 1995.

Los Angeles-class submarine
The Los Angeles class of submarines are nuclear-powered fast attack submarines (SSN) in service with the United States Navy. Also known as the 688 class (pronounced "six-eighty-eight") after the hull number of lead vessel USS Los Angeles (SSN-688), 62 were built from 1972 to 1996, the latter 23 to an improved 688i standard. As of 2025, 23 of the Los Angeles class remain in commission and they account for almost half of the U.S. Navy's 50 fast attack submarines.

Submarines of this class are named after American towns and cities, such as Albany, New York; Los Angeles, California; and Tucson, Arizona, with the exception of USS Hyman G. Rickover, named for the "father of the nuclear Navy." This was a change from traditionally naming attack submarines after marine animals, such as USS Seawolf or USS Shark. Rickover explained the decision to name the submarines after cities (and occasionally politicians influential in defense issues) by observing that "fish don't vote."
Addie L. Wyatt
Addie L. Wyatt (née Cameron; March 8, 1924 – March 28, 2012) was a leader in the United States Labor movement and a civil rights activist. Wyatt is known for being the first African-American woman elected international vice president of a major labor union, the Amalgamated Meat Cutters Union.  Wyatt began her career in the union in the early 1950s and advanced in leadership.  In 1975, with the politician Barbara Jordan, she was the first African-American woman named by Time magazine as Person of the Year.

Amalgamated Meat Cutters
The Amalgamated Meat Cutters (AMC), officially the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen of North America, 1897–1979, was a labor union that represented retail and packinghouse workers. In 1979, the AMCBW merged with the Retail Clerks International Union to form the United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW).
Sean Carey (Gaelic footballer)
Seán Carey (born 15 November 1989) is a Gaelic footballer and hurler from County Tipperary. He plays with the Moyle Rovers Club and the Tipperary intercounty team. In 2010 he helped Tipperary win the Munster Under-21 Football Championship and [Munster Under-21 Hurling Championship. He later won the 2010 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship. In 2007 he won Munster Minor Hurling Championship & All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship medals. He won Tipperary Senior Football Championship medal in 2009 with Moyle Rovers. 
Seán made his Championship debut for the Tipperary Senior Football against Limerick in the first round of the Munster Senior Football Championship. Sean captained the 2007 Tipperary Minor Football team and has also played Under 21 Football with Tipperary. He also won an All-Ireland Minor Hurling medal in 2007 playing at wing-forward scoring two goals against Cork in the final

2010 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 2010 Bord Gáis Energy GAA Hurling All-Ireland Under-21 Championship was the 47th staging of Ireland's hurling knock-out competition for players aged between 18 and 21. The final was held at Semple Stadium, Thurles on 11 September 2010. Tipperary won the game by 5-22 to 0-12 against Galway to claim their ninth title.
Meihuaquan
Meihuaquan (Chinese: 梅花拳; literally "plum-blossom Fist") is a common term used to name styles or exercise sets of kung fu:

1) a style of kung fu that originated in the northern provinces of China centuries ago. Meihuaquan is also known as Meihuazhuang (梅花桩).

2) other kung fu styles with the name, like Meishanquan from southern China;

3) exercise, or sparring, sets within differently named styles of kung fu, like Da and Xiao Meihuaquan in Songshan Shaolinquan.

Chinese martial arts
Chinese martial arts, commonly referred to with umbrella terms kung fu (/ˈkʌŋ ˈfuː/; Chinese: 功夫; pinyin: gōngfu; Jyutping: gung1 fu1; Cantonese Yale: gūng fū), kuoshu (Chinese: 國術; pinyin: guóshù; Jyutping: gwok3 seot6) or wushu (Chinese: 武術; pinyin: wǔshù; Jyutping: mou5 seot6), are multiple fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in Greater China. These fighting styles are often classified according to common traits, identified as "families" of martial arts. Examples of such traits include Shaolinquan  (少林拳) physical exercises involving Five Animals (五形) mimicry or training methods inspired by Old Chinese philosophies, religions and legends. Styles that focus on qi manipulation are called internal (内家拳; nèijiāquán), while others that concentrate on improving muscle and cardiovascular fitness are called external (外家拳; wàijiāquán). Geographical associations, as in northern (北拳; běiquán) and southern (南拳; nánquán), is another popular classification method.
Sanders–Trump voters
In the United States, Sanders–Trump voters, also known as Bernie–Trump voters, are the voter electorate that voted for Bernie Sanders in the 2016 or 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries (or both), but who subsequently voted for Republican Party nominee Donald Trump in the general election. In the 2016 U.S. presidential election, these voters composed an estimated 6%–12% of Sanders supporters. At least another 12% of Sanders supporters did not vote for Democratic Party nominee Hillary Clinton, but also did not vote for Trump.

The extent to which these voters were decisive in Trump's 2016 victory and their effect on the 2020 U.S. presidential election have been a subject of debate. Compared to other Sanders voters, Sanders–Trump voters have more conservative views on social and gender issues and are less likely to identify as Democrats.

Reagan Democrat
A Reagan Democrat is a traditionally Democratic voter in the United States, usually working class Americans who supported Republican presidential candidates Ronald Reagan in the 1980 and/or the 1984 United States presidential elections, and/or George H. W. Bush in the 1988 United States presidential election. The term remains part of the lexicon in American political jargon because of Reagan's continued widespread popularity among a large segment of the electorate.
1990 Luzon earthquake
The 1990 Luzon earthquake occurred on July 16 at 3:26 p.m. (PST) on the densely populated island of Luzon in the Philippines. The shock had a surface-wave magnitude of 7.8 and produced a 125 km-long ground rupture that stretched from Dingalan to Kayapa. The event was a result of strike-slip movements along the Philippine Fault and the Digdig Fault within the Philippine fault system. The earthquake's epicenter was near the town of Rizal, Nueva Ecija, northeast of Cabanatuan. An estimated 1,621 people were killed, most of the fatalities located in Central Luzon and the Cordillera region.

Surface rupture
In seismology, surface rupture (or ground rupture, or ground displacement) is the visible offset of the ground surface when an earthquake rupture along a fault affects the Earth's surface. Surface rupture is opposed by buried rupture, where there is no displacement at ground level. This is a major risk to any structure that is built across a fault zone that may be active, in addition to any risk from ground shaking. Surface rupture entails vertical or horizontal movement, on either side of a ruptured fault. Surface rupture can affect large areas of land.
Hurry Up (song)
"Hurry Up" is a song by Australian singer Che'Nelle from her debut studio album, Things Happen for a Reason (2007). The song was released as the second single from the album. A music video was released for the song. The song was written and produced by both  Sean Garrett and Warren Felder and was recorded in Atlanta, Georgia. The song received an official remix for its UK release featuring the rapper Tinchy Stryder.

Che'Nelle
Cheryline Ernestine Lim, known by her stage name Che'Nelle, is an Australian singer-songwriter. She gained popularity in Japan with the release of her debut studio album, Things Happen for a Reason (2007).
Horace Kelley
Horace A. Kelley (July 18, 1819 – December 4, 1890) was an American industrialist and philanthropist.

Kelley was born in Cleveland, Ohio and raised on Kelleys Island after the death of his father in 1823. Inheriting a fortune of real estate as well as ownership of most of Kelleys Island from his family, Kelley held interests in limestone and lumber on the island. Upon selling these interests in 1845 and returning to Cleveland, he worked as an investor and manager of real estate properties in both Cleveland and throughout Ohio.

Through his will, Kelley left funds for acquiring land for a fire proof art gallery and an art school that would help found the Cleveland Museum of Art in 1916. He is considered to be one of the founders of the museum along with John Huntington, Hinman Hurlbut, and Jeptha Wade II.

Kelleys Island, Ohio
Kelleys Island is both a village in Erie County, Ohio, and the island which it fully occupies in Lake Erie. The island has a total area of 4.41 square miles (11.42 km2) and was formed by glacial action on limestone and dolomite.

As of the 2020 census it has a year-round population of under 300 and is primarily a vacation destination with a large seasonal influx of visitors and workers.
Kahriz, Qarah Su
Kahriz (Persian: كهريز) is a neighborhood in the city of Kermanshah, Iran. It was a village in Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah province. and was the capital of Qarah Su Rural District. In 2012, this village, along with several other villages, was annexed to the urban area of Kermanshah and became one of the neighborhoods of that city.

Kermanshah
Kermanshah (Persian: کرمانشاه, romanized: Kermânšâh, pronounced [keɾmɒːnˈʃɒːʰ] ⓘ; Southern Kurdish: کرماشان, romanized: Kirmaşan.) is a city in the Central District of Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. The city is 525 kilometres (326 miles) from Tehran in the western part of the country. The 2016 National Census measured the population of the city as 946,651 (2025 estimate 1,117,000). Kermanshah is widely recognised as the largest Kurdish-populated city in Iran and one of the most significant urban centres of Kurdish culture in the region. The Kurdish dialect of the city, known as Kermashani, belongs to the Southern Kurdish branch of the Kurdish language family.