hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ben-Jason Dixon
Ben-Jason Dixon (born 29 April 1998) is a South African rugby union player for the Stormers in the United Rugby Championship and Western Province in the Currie Cup. His regular position is lock or flanker. He earned his 1st Springbok cap on 20 July 2024.

Dixon was named in the Stormers squad for the 2020 Super Rugby season. He made his debut for the Stormers in Round 4 of Super Rugby Unlocked against the Bulls.

Stormers
The Stormers (known for sponsorship reasons as the DHL Stormers) is a South African professional rugby union team based in Cape Town in the Western Cape that competes in the United Rugby Championship, a trans-hemispheric competition that also involves sides from Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales and the domestic Currie Cup competition as the Western Province. They competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020. They have won one major international championship, the 2021-22 United Rugby Championship, and seven South African 'conference' titles, five in the South African Conference of Super Rugby, and two in the URC equivalent, the South African Shield, while in the Currie Cup having won the competition on a record 34 occasions.
Ghantoli
Ghantoli is a small agricultural village in Sankheda taluka of Chhota Udaipur district, Gujarat. It dates back to at least 1045, when it is mentioned in a copper plate inscription recording a land grant made to the local temple to the god Ghaṇṭeśvara (i.e. Shiva). The temple still exists in ruins. There is also a train station in the village. As of 2011, Ghantoli has a population of 408, in 82 households. Most of the locals are employed in agriculture.

Indian copper plate inscriptions
Indian copper plate inscriptions are legal records engraved on copper plates. The practice was widespread and long-running in the Indian subcontinent; it may date back to as early as the 3rd millennium BCE, however the vast majority of recovered plates were produced in the 1st millennium CE. The plates were legal documents which registered and recorded an act of endowment, i.e. a grant or donation, typically of land or concessions. The plate contained bureaucratic information on land tenure and taxation essential to the operation of the state.

The copper plates can survive intact indefinitely: copper, being a non-ferrous metal, does not rust or otherwise deteriorate when exposed to oxygen the way iron does, but rather develops a protective patina.
Snickers
Snickers (stylized as SNICKERS) is a chocolate bar consisting of nougat topped with caramel and peanuts, all encased in milk chocolate. The bars are made by the American company Mars Inc. The annual global sales of Snickers is over $380 million, and it is widely considered the bestselling candy bar in the world.

Snickers was introduced by Mars in 1930 and named after the Mars family's favorite horse. Snickers has expanded its product line to include variations such as mini, dark chocolate, white chocolate, ice cream bars, and several nut, flavor, and protein-enhanced versions. Ingredients have evolved from its original formulation to adapt to changing consumer preferences and nutritional guidelines. Despite fluctuations in bar size and controversies around health and advertising, Snickers remains a prominent snack worldwide, sponsoring significant sporting events and introducing notable marketing campaigns.

Caramel
Caramel (/ˈkærəˌmɛl/, /ˈkærəməl/ or (US) /ˈkɑːrməl/) is a range of food ingredients made by heating sugars to high temperatures. It is used as a flavoring in puddings and desserts, as a filling in bonbons or candy bars, as a topping for ice cream and custard, and as a colorant commonly used in drinks.

The process of caramelization primarily consists of heating sugars slowly to around 170 °C (340 °F). As the sugar heats, the molecules break down and re-form into compounds with a characteristic colour and flavour.

A variety of sweets, desserts, toppings, and confections are made with caramel, including tres leches cake, brittles, nougats, pralines, flan, crème brûlée, crème caramel, and caramel apples. Ice creams are sometimes flavored with or contain swirls of caramel.
Wars of the Loon Succession
The Wars of the Loon Succession (Dutch: Loonse Successieoorlogen, French: Guerres de succession de Looz) is the name of the war of succession that arose after the childless death of Louis IV, Count of Loon on 22 January 1336. In the first period, the County of Loon led by claimant Diederik of Heinsberg managed to maintain its autonomy in relation to the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. During the second period, however, Arnold of Rummen, the last indigenous claimant to the title of count of Loon, first had to sell the County of Chiny to the Duchy of Luxemburg to cover his military expenses, and soon after conceded defeat. The wars came to an end with the annexation of Loon by Liège in 1366.

Since there was a time of peace between 1346 and 1361, it is common to refer to the Wars of the Loon Succession in plural, as it is to call it the War of the Loon Succession in singular with two 'periods', 'acts' or 'phases'.

Counts of Chiny
The Counts of Chiny were part of the nobility of Lotharingia that ruled from the 9th to the 14th century in what is now part of Belgium.

It has been proposed that the County of Chiny was created in the early 10th century out of the ancient county of Ivois.  The county now forms part of the province of Luxembourg in present-day Belgium.  The County of Chiny included the present-day towns of Chiny, Virton, Étalle, Florenville, Neufchâteau, Montmédy and Carignan, as well as the castles of Warcq on the Meuse, which was built in 971 by Otto, ancestor of the later Counts of Chiny.

It has also been proposed that there is a close relationship between the Counts of Chiny and the early counts of Looz, the counts of Verdun and the bishops of Verdun.

The family of the counts of Chiny merged with the family of the counts of Looz. The final count of Chiny, Arnold IV de Rumingy, sold the county to the duke of Luxembourg, ending a dynasty of five hundred years.
Christian Albrecht Jensen
Christian Albrecht Jensen (26 June 1792 – 13 July 1870) was a Danish portrait painter who was active during the Golden Age of Danish Painting in the first half of the 19th century. Painting more than 400 portraits over the course of his career, he depicted most of the leading figures of the Danish Golden Age, including the writer Hans Christian Andersen, the painter Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg, the sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen, the physicist Hans Christian Ørsted and the theologian N. F. S. Grundtvig.

Although Jensen experienced considerable commercial success, he received little official appreciation from the artistic establishment of his day. In particular, the art historian and critic Niels Lauritz Høyen criticized his style, finding his paintings 'unfinished'.

Niels Laurits Høyen
Niels Laurits Andreas Høyen (4 June 1798 – 29 April 1870) is considered to be the first Danish art historian and critic. He promoted a Danish nationalistic art through his writings and lectures, and exerted a far reaching effect on contemporary artists. His work in various cultural institutions helped steer the development of Danish art during the mid-19th century.
St Andrew's Church, Christchurch
St Andrew's Church is a heritage-listed church building located at Rangi Ruru in Christchurch, New Zealand. It was the first Presbyterian church to be built in Christchurch. It is registered as a "Historic Place  – Category I " by Heritage New Zealand. The building was designed in the Gothic Revival style and was first opened for worship on 1 February 1857.

Heritage New Zealand
Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga (initially the National Historic Places Trust and then, from 1963 to 2014, the New Zealand Historic Places Trust; in Māori: Pouhere Taonga) is a Crown entity that advocates for the protection of ancestral sites and heritage buildings in New Zealand. It was set up through the Historic Places Act 1954 with a mission to "...promote the identification, protection, preservation and conservation of the historical and cultural heritage of New Zealand" and is an autonomous Crown entity. Its current enabling legislation is the Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Act 2014.
Girona (Senate constituency)
Girona is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Girona. The electoral system uses open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Limited voting
Limited voting (also known as partial block voting) is a voting system in which electors have fewer votes than there are positions available. The positions are awarded to the candidates who receive the most votes.  In the special case in which the voter may vote for only one candidate and there are two or more posts, this system is called the single non-transferable vote or sometimes the strictly limited vote.
Underbelly (soundtrack)
The soundtrack from the controversial Australian TV series, Underbelly was released on 29 March 2008. It features some of the songs from various artists that played in episodes, and includes elements of the score by Burkhard Dallwitz.

Underbelly (TV series)
Underbelly is an Australian television true crime-drama series which first aired on the Nine Network between 13 February 2008 and 1 September 2013, before being revived on 3 April 2022. Each series is based on real-life events. There have been six full series, with season 7 being a miniseries. A 2014 series titled Fat Tony & Co is a sequel to the first series but is not branded under the Underbelly title.
Tanzania parvulus
The Opathe Tanzania Jumping Spider (Tanzania parvulus) is a species of jumping spider in the genus Tanzania. Endemic to South Africa, the species lives in the mountains of KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo. It is a very small spider, with a cephalothorax that measures between 0.7 and 0.9 mm (0.03 and 0.04 in) long and a abdomen that is between0.6 and 1.1 mm (0.02 and 0.04 in) long. It is its small size that is the source of its specific name, which is a Latin word that can be translated 'very small'. The male is smaller than the female. Its abdomen is marked by a striped pattern of three brown stripes on a yellowish-orange background. It is otherwise generally light brown apart from its blackish eye field. It has distinctive copulatory organs. The male has a small embolus that loops out of the top of the oval palpal bulb and is accompanied by a small spider. The female has a large epigyne and spherical spermathecae at the end of its short seminal ducts.

Palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
Wondery
Wondery is an American podcast network and publisher of podcasts including American History Tellers, Dr. Death, Business Wars and The Shrink Next Door. Wondery was founded in 2016 by entrepreneur and media executive Hernan Lopez. The company was launched with backing from 20th Century Fox (now 20th Century Studios). In late 2020, it was announced that Wondery had been purchased by Amazon Music.

Several of Wondery's podcasts have been adapted for television, including Dirty John. Wondery has two premium subscription options, Wondery+ and Wondery+ Kids.

Audible (service)
Audible is an American online audiobook and podcast service that allows users to purchase and stream audiobooks and other forms of spoken-word content. This content can be purchased individually or under a subscription model in which the user receives "credits" that can be redeemed for content monthly and receive access to a curated on-demand library of content. Audible is the United States' largest audiobook producer and retailer. The service is owned by Audible, a wholly owned subsidiary of Amazon.com, Inc., headquartered in Newark, New Jersey.
Emilea Zingas
Emilea Zingas (born April 22, 2002) is a Cypriot-American figure skater. Competing in ice dance with Vadym Kolesnik, she is a 2026 Four Continents champion, two-time Grand Prix medalist, a five-time Challenger Series medalist, the 2026 U.S. National silver medalist, and the 2023, 2025 U.S. national pewter medalist.

Zingas and Kolesnik represented the United States at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

Zingas previously represented Cyprus in women's singles, and was the 2020 Santa Claus Cup silver medalist and the 2021 Challenge Cup bronze medalist. She was the first Cypriot skater to qualify for the World Championships.

2026 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships
The 2026 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships took place from 21 to 25 January at the National Indoor Stadium in Beijing, China. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
Underwater Demolition Command
The Underwater Demolition Command (Greek: Διοίκηση Υποβρυχίων Καταστροφών), abbreviated as DYK (Greek: ΔΥΚ,Greek pronunciation: [ðik]) and known until 2001 as the Underwater Demolition Unit (Greek: Μονάδα Υποβρυχίων Καταστροφών), abbreviated as MYK (Greek: ΜΥΚ, Greek pronunciation: [mik]), is the elite special warfare unit of the Hellenic Navy and the corresponding naval special operations unit of the Cyprus Navy, forming the core underwater demolition and maritime commando capability of both Greece and Cyprus. Its Cypriot sister formation is the Underwater Demolition Team (MYK) of the Cyprus Navy. The unit is broadly considered equivalent to other naval special forces such as the United States Navy SEALs, the British Special Boat Service, Israel's Shayetet 13 and Germany's Kommando Spezialkräfte Marine.

United States Navy SEALs
The United States Navy Sea, Air, and Land (SEAL) Teams, commonly known as Navy SEALs, are the United States Navy's primary special operations force and a component of the United States Naval Special Warfare Command. Among the SEAL's main functions are conducting small-unit special operation missions in maritime, jungle, urban, arctic, mountainous, and desert environments. SEALs are typically ordered to capture or kill high-level targets, or to gather intelligence behind enemy lines.

SEAL team personnel are hand-selected, highly trained, and highly proficient in unconventional warfare (UW), direct action (DA), and special reconnaissance (SR), among other tasks like sabotage, demolition, intelligence gathering, and hydrographic reconnaissance, training, and advising friendly militaries or other forces. All active SEALs are members of the U.S. Navy.
Igor Bobkov
Igor Bobkov (Russian: Игорь Бобков) (born January 2, 1991) is a Russian professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently a free agent. He last played for HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Before playing professional hockey, Bobkov spent time in the Ontario Hockey League with the London Knights and Kingston Frontenacs. Bobkov represents Russia internationally, and helped them win a gold medal at the 2011 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

2011 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 2011 IIHF World U20 Championship, commonly referred to as the 2011 World Junior Hockey Championships (2011 WJHC), was the 35th edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was hosted by the United States. The games were played in Western New York, at HSBC Arena in Buffalo and Niagara University's Dwyer Arena in Lewiston. Russia won their 4th gold medal and 13th overall with a 5–3 victory over Canada in the championship game, after completing the biggest comeback in the WJHC history; being down 3–0 after two periods, the Russians scored five goals in the third period to capture their first WJHC gold medal since 2003. The host team, the United States, won the bronze medal with a 4–2 win over Sweden.
Salgueiro Maia
Fernando José Salgueiro Maia, GOTE, GCIH, GCL (1 July 1944 – 4 April 1992), commonly known as Salgueiro Maia (Portuguese pronunciation: [salˈɣɐjɾu ˈmajɐ]), was a Portuguese military officer and prominent figure in the Carnation Revolution, which resulted in the fall of the ruling dictatorship in Portugal.

Military Order of the Tower and Sword
The Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit (Portuguese: Ordem Militar da Torre e Espada, do Valor, Lealdade e Mérito), before 1917 the ancient and most noble order of the Tower and of the Sword, of valour, loyalty and merit (A antiga e muito nobre ordem da Torre e Espada, do valor, lealdade e mérito), is one of the four former ancient Portuguese military orders and the pinnacle of the Portuguese honours system. It was created by King Afonso V in 1459. The order may be bestowed on people or on Portuguese municipalities.
Billy Two Rivers
Billy Two Rivers (Mohawk name Kaientaronkwen, May 5, 1935 – February 12, 2023) was a Canadian Mohawk professional wrestler, actor, and a leader of the Mohawks of Kahnawà:ke.

He began wrestling professionally in 1953 and retired in 1977, having worked in the United States, United Kingdom, Japan and Canada. In 1978, he became leader of the Kahnawake First Nations reserve, and played a major role in blockading the Honoré Mercier Bridge during the 1990 Oka Crisis.

Mohawks of Kahnawà:ke
Mohawks of Kahnawà:ke (Mohawk: Kahnawákeró:non) are a Mohawk First Nation located in Mohawk Nation Territory composing part of Quebec, Canada. In 2024 the band had a registered population of 11,787 members. Its main reserve is Kahnawake 14, located on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River opposite Montreal. It also shares the uninhabited reserve of Doncaster 17 with the Mohawks of Kanesatake for hunting and fishing. The band is governed by the Mohawk Council of Kahnawà:ke.
Callibaetis floridanus
Callibaetis floridanus is a species of small minnow mayfly in the family Baetidae. It is found in Central America and North America. In North America its range includes all of Mexico, the southern, and northeastern United States.

Baetidae
Baetidae is a family of mayflies with about 1000 described species in 110 genera distributed worldwide. These are among the smallest of mayflies, adults rarely exceeding 10 mm in length excluding the two long slender tails and sometimes much smaller, and members of the family are often referred to as small mayflies or small minnow mayflies. Most species have long oval forewings with very few cross veins (see Comstock-Needham system) but the hindwings are usually very small or even absent. The males often have very large eyes, shaped like turrets above the head (this is known as "turbinate condition").

Baetids breed in a wide range of waters from lakes and streams to ditches and even water butts. The nymphs are strong swimmers and feed mainly on algae.
Neccrom Areaiiti
Neccrom Areaiiti (born 12 January 1990) is a New Zealand professional rugby league footballer. A Cook Islands international representative, he plays at prop and previously played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the National Rugby League.

Cook Islands national rugby league team
The Cook Islands national rugby league team have represented the Cook Islands in international rugby league football since 1986. Administered by the Cook Islands Rugby League Association (CIRLA), the team has competed at three Rugby League World Cups, in 2000, 2013 and 2021.
KFOR (AM)
KFOR (1240 kHz) is a commercial radio station in Lincoln, Nebraska. It broadcasts a news/talk radio format and is owned by Connoisseur Media, through licensee Alpha 3E Licensee LLC. The station's studios are on Cornhusker Highway (U.S. Route 6) in Northeast Lincoln.

KFOR is a Class C station, powered at 1,000 watts using a non-directional antenna. Its transmitter is on Vine Street east of downtown Lincoln. Programming is also heard on 130-watt FM translator K268DF at 101.5 MHz.

Connoisseur Media
Connoisseur Media LLC is an American media company. It is based in Westport, Connecticut and led by Jeff Warshaw. As of September 2025, Connoisseur operates 207 radio stations and digital assets in 24 states.
Blood test
A blood test is a laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample that is usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a hypodermic needle, or via fingerprick. Multiple tests for specific blood components, such as a glucose test or a cholesterol test, are often grouped together into one test panel called a blood panel or blood work. Blood tests are often used in health care to determine physiological and biochemical states, such as disease, mineral content, pharmaceutical drug effectiveness, and organ function. Typical clinical blood panels include a basic metabolic panel or a complete blood count. Blood tests are also used in drug tests to detect drug abuse.

Basic metabolic panel
A basic metabolic panel (BMP)  is a blood test consisting of a set of seven or eight biochemical tests and is one of the most common lab tests ordered by health care providers. Outside the United States, blood tests made up of the majority of the same biochemical tests are called urea and electrolytes (U&E or "U and Es"), or urea, electrolytes, creatinine (UEC or EUC or CUE), and are often referred to as 'kidney function tests' as they also include a calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate. The BMP provides key information regarding fluid and electrolyte status, kidney function, blood sugar levels, and response to various medications and other medical therapies. It is frequently employed as a screening tool during a physical exam.

The basic metabolic panel is a simpler version of the comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), which includes tests for liver function.
Stinespring dilation theorem
In mathematics, Stinespring's dilation theorem,  also called Stinespring's factorization theorem, named after W. Forrest Stinespring, is a result from operator theory that represents any completely positive map on a C*-algebra A as a composition of two completely positive maps each of which has a special form:

A *-representation of A on some auxiliary Hilbert space K followed by

An operator map of the form T ↦ V*TV.

Moreover, Stinespring's theorem is a structure theorem from a C*-algebra into the algebra of bounded operators on a Hilbert space. Completely positive maps are shown to be simple modifications of *-representations, or sometimes called *-homomorphisms.

*-algebra
In mathematics, and more specifically in abstract algebra, a *-algebra (or involutive algebra; read as "star-algebra") is a mathematical structure consisting of two involutive rings R and A, where R is commutative and A has the structure of an associative algebra over R. Involutive algebras generalize the idea of a number system equipped with conjugation, for example the complex numbers and complex conjugation, matrices over the complex numbers and conjugate transpose, and linear operators over a Hilbert space and Hermitian adjoints.
However, it may happen that an algebra admits no involution.