hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gas in Turkey
Natural gas supplies over a quarter of Turkey's energy. The country consumes 50 to 60 billion cubic metres of natural gas each year, nearly all of which is imported. A large gas field in the Black Sea started production in 2023.

After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine several European countries stopped buying Russian oil or gas, but Turkey's relations with Russia are good enough that it continues to buy both. Turkey receives much gas from Russia, which is cheaper than LNG. Households buy the most gas, followed by industry and power stations. Over 80% of the population has access to gas, and it supplies half the country's heating requirements. As the state-owned oil and gas wholesaler BOTAŞ has 80% of the gas market,: 16  the government can and does subsidize residential and industrial gas consumers. All industrial and commercial customers, and households using more than a certain amount of gas, can switch suppliers.

Sakarya gas field
Sakarya Gas Field is a natural gas field of sweet gas in the Black Sea, which feeds the Filyos Natural-gas Processing Plant. In October 2023 it produced 4 million cubic metres a day, and aimed to increase to 10.
Toshiya Fujita
Toshiya Fujita (藤田 俊哉, Fujita Toshiya; born October 4, 1971) is a Japanese former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Fujita played for Júbilo Iwata, Utrecht, Nagoya Grampus, Roasso Kumamoto and JEF United Chiba. He won five major titles during his time at Júbilo. He also gained 24 caps for the Japan national team between 1995 and 2005.

From 2017 to 2018, he held the position of Head of Football Development (Asia) for English club Leeds United.

FC Utrecht
Football Club Utrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛfˈseː ˈytrɛxt]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Utrecht. The club competes in the Eredivisie, the top tier of Dutch football, and plays its home matches at the Stadion Galgenwaard.

The club was formed in 1970 as a merger between local clubs VV DOS, USV Elinkwijk and Velox. Since then, the club has won three national cup tournaments: in 1985, 2003 and 2004, also winning the Johan Cruyff Shield in 2004 as the first club outside the traditional Dutch Big Three. Utrecht is also the only club outside the Big Three which has never suffered relegation from the top-flight Eredivisie.

Utrecht have competed in 15 European campaigns, reaching the group stages of the 2004–05 UEFA Cup and the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League, their best European results.
John John Florence
John "John John" Alexander Florence (born October 18, 1992) is an American professional surfer. He is considered one of the most dominant pipe surfers of his era and won back-to-back world titles on the 2016 World Surf League and 2017 World Surf League Men's Championship Tour. He is the first Hawaii-born surfer to win back-to-back world titles since the late Andy Irons. Florence qualified to represent the United States at the 2020 Summer Olympics in surfing's debut, as well as qualified for the Paris Olympic Games.

2016 World Surf League
The 2016 World Surf League World Championship Tour (WCT) is a professional competitive surfing league run by the World Surf League. Men and women compete in separate tours with events taking place from late February to mid-December, at various surfing locations around the world.
Surfers receive points for their best events. The surfer with the most points at the end of the tour (after discarding their two worst results) is announced the 2016 World Surf League Surfing World Champion.
Colorado's 7th congressional district
Colorado's 7th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Colorado. Formerly located only in the northeast part of the state, the district now encompasses the western parts of the Denver metropolitan area, including Golden, Lakewood, Arvada and Broomfield, along with the central Colorado counties of El Paso County, Jefferson, Park, Teller, Lake, Chaffee, Fremont, and Custer.

The district has been represented by Democrat Brittany Pettersen since 2023.

Lake County, Colorado
Lake County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,436. The county seat and the only municipality in the county is Leadville. The highest natural point in Colorado and the entire Rocky Mountains is the summit of Mount Elbert in Lake County at 14,440 feet (4,400 meters) elevation.
Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event
The Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event, also known as the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary event, was an extinction event that occurred approximately 485 million years ago (mya) in the Paleozoic era of the early Phanerozoic eon. It was preceded by the less-documented (but probably more extensive) End-Botomian mass extinction around 517 million years ago, and the Dresbachian extinction event about 502 million years ago.

The Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event ended the Cambrian period, and led into the subsequent Ordovician period. It eliminated many brachiopods and conodonts, and severely reduced the number of trilobite species.

End-Botomian mass extinction
The end-Botomian mass extinction event, also known as the late early Cambrian extinctions, refer to two extinction intervals that occurred during Stages 4 and 5 of the Cambrian Period, approximately 513 to 509 million years ago. Estimates for the decline in global diversity over these events range from 50% of marine genera up to 80%. Among the organisms affected by this event were the small shelly fossils, archaeocyathids (an extinct group of sponges), trilobites, brachiopods, hyoliths, and mollusks.
Betsy Reed
Betsy Reed (born 1968) is an American journalist and editor. From January 2015, she was the editor-in-chief of The Intercept. In July 2022, she was named the editor-in-chief of Guardian US, succeeding John Mulholland, and assumed her new position in the autumn of that year.

Reed earned a bachelor's degree in history and literature from Harvard University in 1990. She worked for sixteen years as editor at the weekly magazine The Nation, starting as senior editor in 1998, and promoted to executive editor in 2006. She left The Nation in late 2014 in order to join The Intercept as its editor-in-chief.

Upon her succession of John Mulholland, Katherine Viner, editor-in-chief of Guardian News & Media described Reed as "one of America's foremost and experienced editors".

She has also edited several books of investigative journalism, including Blackwater and Dirty Wars by Jeremy Scahill, and the essay collection Going Rouge: Sarah Palin, An American Nightmare.

Jeremy Scahill
Jeremy Scahill (born 1974) is an American activist, author, and investigative journalist. He is a founding editor of the online news publication The Intercept and author of Blackwater: The Rise of the World's Most Powerful Mercenary Army (2007), which won the George Polk Book Award. His book Dirty Wars: The World Is a Battlefield (2013) was adapted into a documentary film which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and was nominated for the 2014 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. In July 2024, he left The Intercept and, together with Ryan Grim and Nausicaa Renner, founded Drop Site News.

Scahill is a Fellow at the Type Media Center. Scahill learned journalism and started his career on the independently syndicated daily news show Democracy Now!. He publishes a podcast titled Intercepted.
Amazon Neptune
Amazon Neptune is a managed graph database product published by Amazon.com. It is used as a web service and is part of Amazon Web Services (AWS). It was announced on November 29, 2017. Amazon Neptune supports popular graph models property graph and W3C's RDF, and their respective query languages Apache TinkerPop's Gremlin, openCypher, and SPARQL, including other Amazon Web Services products.

Amazon Neptune general availability (GA) was announced on May 30, 2018 and is currently available in 22 AWS regions. Neptune is HIPAA eligible. On December 12, 2018, it was announced that Amazon Neptune was in-scope for Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard, and ISO compliance programs.

Query language
A query language, also known as data query language or database query language (DQL), is a computer language used to make queries in databases and information systems. In database systems, query languages rely on strict theory to retrieve information. A well known example is the Structured Query Language (SQL).
Nostalghia
Nostalghia (released as Nostalgia in the United Kingdom) is a 1983 drama film directed by Andrei Tarkovsky and starring Oleg Yankovsky, Domiziana Giordano and Erland Josephson. Tarkovsky co-wrote the screenplay with Tonino Guerra.

The film depicts a Russian writer (Oleg Yankovsky) who visits Italy to carry out research about an 18th-century Russian composer, but is stricken by homesickness. The film utilizes autobiographical elements drawn from Tarkovsky's own experiences visiting Italy, and explores themes surrounding the untranslatability of art and culture.

The film won the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury, the prize for Best Director and the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1983 Cannes Film Festival. It received generally positive reviews from critics. Widely regarded as one of Tarkovsky's best works, the film received nine total votes in the Sight and Sound's 2012 poll of the greatest films ever made.

Sight and Sound
Sight and Sound (formerly written Sight & Sound) is a monthly film magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI). Since 1952, it has conducted the well-known decennial Sight and Sound Poll of the Greatest Films of All Time.
Siege of St Andrews Castle
The siege of St Andrews Castle (1546–1547) followed the killing of Cardinal David Beaton by a group of Protestants at St Andrews Castle. They remained in the castle and were besieged by the Governor of Scotland, Regent Arran. However, over 18 months the Scottish besieging forces made little impact, and the Castle finally surrendered to a French naval force after artillery bombardment. The Protestant garrison, including the preacher John Knox, were taken to France and used as galley slaves.

St Andrews Castle
St Andrews Castle is a ruin located in the coastal Royal Burgh of St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. The castle sits on a rocky promontory overlooking a small beach called Castle Sands and the adjoining North Sea. There has been a castle standing at the site since the times of Bishop Roger (1189–1202), son of the Earl of Leicester. It housed the burgh’s wealthy and powerful bishops while St Andrews served as the ecclesiastical centre of Scotland during the years before the Protestant Reformation. In their Latin charters, the Archbishops of St Andrews wrote of the castle as their palace, signing, "apud Palatium nostrum."

The castle's grounds are now maintained by Historic Environment Scotland as a scheduled monument. The site is entered through a visitor centre with displays on its history. Some of the best surviving carved fragments from the castle are displayed in the centre, which also has a shop.
Courtney Sweetman-Kirk
Courtney Alexandra Sweetman-Kirk (born 16 November 1990) is an English football pundit and former player. She played as a forward, most recently  in the FA Women's Championship. She has also previously played for Liverpool, Everton, Notts County and Lincoln Coventry City, Leicester City and Sheffield United. She also represented England at under-23 level.

Since retiring in 2023, Sweetman-Kirk has worked as a pundit and commentator.

Notts County Ladies F.C.
Notts County Ladies Football Club was a women's football club based in Nottingham, England. They played their home games at Meadow Lane.

Notts County Ladies were created in 2014 when Lincoln Ladies were relocated from Lincoln to Nottingham and rebranded. The club were originally formed in Lincoln in 1995 and also spent a period known as Lincoln City Ladies while affiliated to Lincoln City. Sincil Bank and other smaller venues staged the club's matches during their time in Lincoln. The club was named OOH Lincoln Ladies from 2008 until 2010, due to sponsorship from Ray Trew's OOH Media PLC.

The club withdrew from the FA WSL 1, the top tier in the English women's football league system, two days before the start of the FA WSL Spring Series on 21 April 2017.
Chiriku Hachimangu
Chiriku Hachiman Shrine (千栗八幡宮, Chiriku Hachiman-gū) is a Shinto shrine in the Shirakabe neighborhood of the town of  Miyaki in Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the shrines claiming to be the ichinomiya of former Hizen Province. The main festival of the shrine is held annually on March 15.

Ichinomiya
Ichinomiya (一宮, also 一の宮 or 一之宮; first shrine) is a Japanese historical term referring to the Shinto shrines with the highest rank in a province. Shrines of lower rank were designated ninomiya (二宮, second), sannomiya (三宮, third), shinomiya (四宮, fourth), and so forth.

The term gave rise to modern place names, such as the city of Ichinomiya, Aichi, named after Masumida Shrine in the former Owari Province.
Oldersum
Oldersum is a village in the region of East Frisia, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Administratively, it is an Ortsteil of the municipality of Moormerland. Located on the north bank of the Ems estuary, Oldersum is to the southeast of Emden and the northwest of Leer. It has a population of 1,533.

Emden
Emden (German pronunciation: [ˈɛmdn̩] ⓘ) is an independent town and seaport in Lower Saxony in the north-west of Germany and lies on the River Ems, close to the Netherlands border. It is the main town in the region of East Frisia and had a total population of 50,535 in 2022.
James Paterson (painter)
James Paterson PRSW RSA RWS (21 August 1854 – 25 January 1932), was a Scottish landscape and portrait painter associated with the Glasgow Boys movement of artists.  He is best known for his landscape paintings of Dumfriesshire, where he lived, at Moniaive from 1885 to 1905.

Royal Scottish Academy
The Royal Scottish Academy (RSA) is the country's national academy of art. It promotes contemporary Scottish art.

The Academy was founded in 1826 by eleven artists meeting in Edinburgh. Originally named the Scottish Academy, it became the Royal Scottish Academy on being granted a royal charter in 1838.

The RSA maintains a unique position in the country as an independently funded institution led by eminent artists and architects to promote and support the creation, understanding, and enjoyment of visual arts through exhibitions and related educational events.
Naomi C. Earp
Naomi Churchill Earp (born February 1950) is an American lawyer and government official from Maryland and Virginia. From 2007 to 2009 she served as chair of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, where she established the Youth At Work Program. She was designated by President George W. Bush in 2006, succeeding Cari M. Dominguez. Prior to her appointment as Chair, she had served as vice chair of the commission since 2003.

Cari M. Dominguez
Cari M. Dominguez (born March 8, 1949) is an American who was the 12th Chair of the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). She was nominated by President George W. Bush and unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Her five-year term expired on July 1, 2006.
Jeff Bhasker
Jeffrey Nath Bhasker (born March 4, 1974) is an American record producer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist based in Los Angeles. He won the Grammy Award for Producer of the Year in 2016 and was nominated for the award in 2013.

Bhasker came to prominence as the primary producer of Kanye West's album 808s & Heartbreak (2008), and further worked with West on his subsequent albums including My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy (2010), Watch the Throne (2011), his tours, and later, Donda (2021). For other artists, Bhasker has also produced the albums Some Nights (2012) by Fun., Uptown Special (2015) by Mark Ronson, and Harry Styles' self-titled debut album (2017), among others.

Bhasker has won Grammy Awards for his work on the songs "Run This Town" for Jay-Z, "All of the Lights" for Kanye West, "We Are Young" for Fun., and "Uptown Funk" for Mark Ronson.

Fun (band)
Fun (stylized as fun.) was an American pop rock band based in New York City. The band consisted of Andrew Dost (of Anathallo), Nate Ruess (of The Format), and Jack Antonoff (of Steel Train and Bleachers).

Fun formed in 2008, and their debut studio album, Aim and Ignite, was released in 2009 to moderate commercial success. The band rose to prominence with the release of their second album, Some Nights, in 2012. The album peaked at number three on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, and topped Billboard's Top Alternative Albums and Top Rock Albums charts. It spawned their biggest hit singles to date: "We Are Young" featuring Janelle Monáe, "Some Nights" and "Carry On", all of which reached the top 20 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 with "We Are Young" peaking at number one. At the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, they won the award for Song of the Year for their song "We Are Young"; they also won the award for Best New Artist.
NZR UC class
The NZR UC class were a group of ten 4-6-0 steam locomotives obtained from Scottish builders Sharp, Stewart and Company for New Zealand Railways (NZR). Essentially they were developments of the firm's previous batch of 4-6-0s' for NZR.

New Zealand Railways Department
The New Zealand Railways Department, NZR or NZGR (New Zealand Government Railways) and often known as the "Railways", was a government department charged with owning and maintaining New Zealand's railway infrastructure and operating the railway system. The department was created in 1880 and was corporatised on 1 April 1982 into the New Zealand Railways Corporation. Originally, railway construction and operation took place under the auspices of the former provincial governments and some private railways, before all of the provincial operations came under the central Public Works Department. The role of operating the rail network was subsequently separated from that of the network's construction. From 1895 to 1993 there was a responsible Minister, the Minister of Railways. He was often also the Minister of Public Works.

Apart from four brief experiments with independent boards, NZR remained under direct ministerial control for most of its history.
Ayşe Gökkan
Ayşe Gökkan  (born 1965 in Kulince, Sanliurfa) is a Kurdish journalist, feminist, spokeswoman of the Free Women Movement (TJA) and a former Mayor of Nusaybin. As a journalist, she has been active in news outlets such as Özgür Gündem or Azadiya Welat. Gökkan was sentenced to 30 years imprisonment on grounds that she was a leader and a member of a terror organization in October 2021.

Şanlıurfa Province
Şanlıurfa Province (Turkish: Şanlıurfa ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Rihayê), also known as Urfa Province, is a province and metropolitan municipality in southeastern Turkey. The city of Şanlıurfa is the capital of the province which bears its name. Its area is 19,242 km2, and its population is 2,170,110 (2022). The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority with a significant Arab and Turkish minority.
Lou Bastien
Louis John Klein (July 10, 1916 – October 11, 1979), better known by his ring name Lou Bastien, was an American professional wrestler. He had major success in NWA-Detroit, the American Wrestling Association, and Capital Wrestling Corporation, where in the latter promotion, he was 3-Time WWWF United States Tag Team Champions with his kayfabe brother Red Bastien.

American Wrestling Association
The American Wrestling Association (AWA) was an American professional wrestling promotion based in Minneapolis, Minnesota that ran from 1960 until 1991. It was founded by Verne Gagne and Wally Karbo. The promotion was born out of the Minneapolis Boxing & Wrestling Club, originally founded in 1933, which served as the Minnesota-based territory of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) from 1948 onward, before breaking away from the NWA and becoming an independent territory in 1960.
Amany Lubis
Amany Burhanuddin Umar Lubis (born December 22, 1963) is an Indonesian Muslim, female scholar of Mandailing-Egyptian descent. As an Islamic scholar, Amany was appointed as chairperson of the Indonesian Ulema Council for Women, Youth and Families for the 2015–2020 period. On January 7, 2019, she was appointed as rector of the Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta by the minister of religion affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, Lukman Hakim Saifuddin. Her new position made her as the first woman who served as chancellor of the largest Islamic university in Indonesia, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta.

Mandailing people
The Mandailing (also known as Mandailing Batak) people are one of the sub-ethnic groups of the Batak people, found mainly in North Sumatra and West Sumatra, Indonesia. They are found mainly in the northern section of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. They came under the influence of the Kaum Padri who ruled the Minangkabau people. As a result, the Mandailing people were influenced by Muslim culture and converted to Islam. There are also a group of Mandailing in Malaysia, especially in the states of Selangor and Perak. They are closely related to the Angkola and Toba.
Lindsay Rose
Lindsay Rose (born 8 February 1992) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Greek Super League club Aris. Born in France, he plays for the Mauritius national team. He was a France youth international and previously played at under-18 and under-19 level. He previously played for Polish club Legia Warsaw before terminating his contract at the end of 2023.

France national under-19 football team
The France national under-19 football team is the national under-19 football team of France and is controlled by the French Football Federation. The team competes in the annual UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship. They were the 2010 champions of the competition having won on home soil. The under-19 team also contests the qualification matches needed to play in the FIFA U-20 World Cup, though the competition is classified as an under-20 tournament.
Kirk Shimmins
Kirk Raymond Shimmins (born 1 June 1994) is an Irish field hockey player who plays as a midfielder for Belgian club KHC Dragons and the Irish national team.

He competed for the Ireland men's national field hockey team at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He played at the youth levels of Pembroke Wanderers and has played club hockey in Ireland until 2018 when he transferred to KHC Dragons in the Men's Belgian Hockey League.

Ireland men's national field hockey team
The Ireland men's national field hockey team is organised by Hockey Ireland and represents both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland in international men's field hockey competitions, including the Men's Hockey World Cup and the EuroHockey Nations Championship. They have previously competed in the Men's Intercontinental Cup, the Hockey Champions Challenge, the Men's FIH Hockey World League and the FIH Hockey Series. The team also competes at the Summer Olympics, though it officially only represents the Republic of Ireland then (using the Republic's flag and national anthem), while still selecting players from the entire island. On 26 January 1895 Ireland played in the first ever international field hockey match when they defeated Wales 3–0 in Rhyl. Ireland were finalists and silver medallists at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Ireland were also bronze medallists at the 2015 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship.
Nancy Sumner
Nancy Wahinekapu Sumner (March 9, 1839 – January 10, 1895) was a high chiefess during the Kingdom of Hawaii of Hawaiian, Tahitian and English descent. She served as lady-in-waiting of Queen Emma and was one of the most prominent ladies of the Hawaiian royal court during the reigns of Kamehameha IV and Kamehameha V.

Kamehameha V
Kamehameha V (Lota Kapuāiwa Kalanimakua Aliʻiōlani Kalanikupuapaʻīkalaninui; December 11, 1830 – December 11, 1872), reigned as the fifth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi from 1863 to 1872. His motto was "Onipaʻa": immovable, firm, steadfast, or determined; he is said to have worked diligently for his people and kingdom, being described as the last great traditional chief.