hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of La Guaira
The Battle of La Guaira or La Guayra, took place on 2 March 1743 in the Caribbean, off the coast of La Guaira, present day Venezuela. La Guaira was a port of the Royal Gipuzkoan Company of Caracas, whose ships had rendered great assistance to the Spanish navy during War of Jenkins' Ear in carrying troops, arms, stores and ammunition from Spain to her colonies, and its destruction would be a severe blow both to the Company and the Spanish Government. A British expeditionary fleet under Sir Charles Knowles was defeated, and the expedition ended in failure. 600 men were killed, among whom was the captain of HMS Burford, and many of the ships were badly damaged or lost. Knowles was therefore unable to proceed to Puerto Cabello until he had refitted.

La Guaira
La Guaira (Spanish: [la ˈɣwajɾa] ⓘ) is the capital city of the eponymous state of Venezuela (formerly named Vargas) and the country's main port, founded in 1577 as an outlet for nearby Caracas.

The city hosts its own professional baseball team in the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League, the Tiburones de La Guaira. They have won eight national championships since their founding in 1962 and won the Caribbean Series in 2023-24.
Swinburne Hale
Swinburne Hale (April 5, 1884 – July 3, 1937) was an American lawyer, poet, and socialist, best remembered as one of the leading civil rights attorneys of the 1920s. Hale was a Harvard College classmate of Roger Nash Baldwin and law partner of Walter Nelles and Isaac Shorr and was active in the establishment and early work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Hale also played a role in the progressive politics of the early 1920s as a leading member of the Committee of Forty-Eight and a spokesman for the fledgling Farmer-Labor Party.

Committee of 48
The Committee of 48 was an American liberal political association established in 1919 in the hope of creating a new political party for social reform to stand in opposition to the increasing conservatism of both major U.S. political parties, the Republican Party and the Democratic Party.

Named in recognition of the 48 U.S. states to signify the desire to construct a broad national movement, the moderate progressives of the Committee of 48 attempted without success to form such a third party with sympathetic activists from the labor movement in 1920.

The group, commonly known as the "Forty-Eighters", became one of the key constituents in the Conference for Progressive Political Action in 1922, a movement culminating in the independent candidacy of Robert M. La Follette for President of the United States in 1924.
Outline of the Java programming language
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Java:

Java is a general-purpose, concurrent, object-oriented, class-based, strong, and statically typed programming language that is compiled to Java bytecode for execution on a Java virtual machine (JVM), which allows "write once, run anywhere" programming. Java was designed by James Gosling and a team at Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s and was a core component of Sun's Java platform.

General-purpose programming language
In computer software, a general-purpose programming language (GPL) is a programming language for building software in a wide variety of application domains. Conversely, a domain-specific programming language (DSL) is used within a specific area. For example, Python is a GPL, while SQL is a DSL for querying relational databases.
Division of McEwen
The Division of McEwen is an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. The electorate is located in the centre of the state, north of its capital city Melbourne. Classed as a rural seat, it includes the towns of Gisborne, Macedon, Whittlesea, and Wallan, though it also includes the newly-developed Melbourne suburbs of Mernda, Doreen and Donnybrook.

Gisborne, Victoria
Gisborne (/ˈɡɪzbərn/) is a town in the Macedon Ranges, located about 54 kilometres (34 mi) north-west of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is the largest town in the Macedon Ranges Shire, with a population of 14,432 as of June 2021 in the Gisborne district region.

Gisborne is known for its country homesteads, tree-lined streets, restaurants and cafes. The town has become a popular 'tree change' destination for Melbourne residents seeking large leafy blocks and a quiet lifestyle within easy commuting distance from the city. As such, the town has grown substantially over the past 5–10 years, with an increase of almost 2,600 residents since 2011, although planning controls have been implemented to protect the character and "outstanding natural beauty" of the region.
I'm Ready (Sam Smith and Demi Lovato song)
"I'm Ready" is a song by British singer Sam Smith and American singer Demi Lovato, released through Capitol Records on 16 April 2020. Smith and Lovato cowrote "I'm Ready" with Savan Kotecha, Peter Svensson, and the song's producer, Ilya Salmanzadeh. It reached the top 10 in Lebanon and the top 40 in the United States, United Kingdom, and 14 additional countries. The song appears on Smith's third studio album Love Goes (2020) and on the expanded edition of Lovato's seventh studio album Dancing with the Devil... the Art of Starting Over.

Ilya Salmanzadeh
Ilya Salmanzadeh (Persian: ایلیا سلمان‌زاده; /sɑːlmənˈzɑːdə/; born 19 September 1986), known mononymously as Ilya, is an Iranian-born Swedish songwriter, producer, and singer. He rose to prominence outside of Sweden after co-writing and producing Ariana Grande's hit single "Problem" for her second studio album My Everything (2014). He is a six-time Grammy Awards nominee, including three nominations for Album of the Year: Thank U, Next (2020), Justice (Triple Chucks Deluxe) (2022), Special (2023).
Frederick Leaser
Frederick Leaser (1738–1810) was a Pennsylvanian German farmer, patriot and soldier from Lynn in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. During the American Revolutionary War, he transported the Liberty Bell to the Zion Reformed Church in Allentown, Pennsylvania, where it was successfully hidden and protected from the British for nine months during the British occupation of Philadelphia, then the revolutionary capital of the Thirteen Colonies.

Lynn Township, Pennsylvania
Lynn Township is a township in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is the largest township by area in Lehigh County and also the most rural and least densely populated township in the county. The population of Lynn Township was 4,229 at the 2010 census.
BoybandPH
BoybandPH (also known as BPH) is a Filipino boy band formed on December 11 2016, after winning ABS-CBN's reality show Pinoy Boyband Superstar, a franchise of Simon Cowell's singing competition La Banda. The group consists of Niel Murillo, Russell Reyes, Ford Valencia, Tristan Ramirez, and Joao Constancia.

After winning Pinoy Boyband Superstar, BoybandPH released their debut single, "Unli", on January 1, 2017. This was followed by a second single, a cover of Depeche Mode's ""Somebody"" on February 14, 2017. The group launched their self-titled debut album on February 4, 2017, under Star Music. On April 2, 2017, BoybandPH received the Gold Record Award, after their album sold over 7,500 copies in less than two months.

The group is managed by and has a recording contract with Star Music. Currently inactive, the members are pursuing individual projects. Joao pursued acting while Ford released a solo single in 2021.

Blasphemous Rumours / Somebody
"Blasphemous Rumours" / "Somebody" is a single by the English electronic band Depeche Mode. It was released on 29 October 1984, as the third single from their 1984 album Some Great Reward and their twelfth UK single overall.

Concerned about potential controversy due to the religious theme of the song, "Blasphemous Rumours" was released as a double A-side single with "Somebody"; it was a top 20 hit in the UK.
Conga Room
The Conga Room is a Los Angeles nightlife and private events location. Founded in 1998, the Conga Room's first location was on Wilshire Boulevard in Los Angeles, CA.  The Conga Room is now located in Downtown Los Angeles' L.A. Live across from the Staples Center and continues to be the premier destination for pan-Latino night-life entertainment and beyond.

L.A. Live
L.A. Live is an entertainment complex in the South Park District of downtown Los Angeles, California. It is adjacent to the Crypto.com Arena and the Los Angeles Convention Center.

L.A. Live was developed by Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) (which Anschutz is based in and L.A. Live is the flagship of), Wachovia Corp, Azteca Corp, investment firm MacFarlane Partners, and with tax deferments paid by Los Angeles taxpayers. It cost approximately US$2.5 billion to build. The architectural firm responsible for the master plan and phase two buildings was Baltimore-based RTKL Associates.

With the adjoining Los Angeles Convention Center and Crypto.com Arena, LA Live will be part of the "Downtown Sports Park" cluster for the upcoming 2028 Summer Olympics being held in Los Angeles.
Murder of Nancy Adleman
On July 29, 1997, in Houston, Texas, 48-year-old Nancy Adleman, a mother of three, was abducted and murdered while jogging. Her body was found in a forested area along Brays Bayou the day after she failed to return home. Adleman's murderer, Arthur Lee Burton, was later arrested and charged with her murder. Burton confessed that he had kidnapped and attempted to rape Adleman, ultimately strangling her with her own shoelaces. Although Burton later retracted his confession, claiming he admitted to the crime under duress and had an intellectual disability, he was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death in 1998. Burton was executed at age 54 on August 7, 2024.

Capital punishment in Texas
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the U.S. state of Texas, known as the capital punishment capital, for murder, and participation in a felony resulting in death if committed by an individual who is at least 18 years old.

In 1982, the state became the first jurisdiction in the world to carry out an execution by lethal injection, when it executed Charles Brooks Jr. It was the first execution in the state since 1964.

Texas, which is the second most populous state in the United States, has executed 597 people since the U.S. capital punishment resumption in 1976 (beginning in 1982 with the Brooks execution) to January 28, 2026 (the execution of Charles Victor Thompson)—more than a third of the national total. Even per capita, Texas has the nation's second-highest execution rate, behind only neighboring Oklahoma.
Jacques Guay
Jacques Guay (1711–1793) was a French gemstone engraver, a protégé of Madame de Pompadour (1721–1764), mistress of King Louis XV of France (1710–74). He was the most eminent gemstone engraver of his time, the official engraver of the king, and produced many cameo and intaglio engravings in semi-precious stones such as onyx, jasper and carnelian. Subjects included classical figures, events in the reign of the king and portraits of members of the court.

Onyx
Onyx is a typically black-and-white banded variety of agate, a silicate mineral. The bands can also be monochromatic with alternating light and dark bands. Sardonyx is a variety with red to brown bands alternated with black or white bands. The name "onyx" is also frequently used for level-banded (parallel-banded) agates, but in proper usage it refers to color pattern not band structure. Onyx, as a descriptive term, has also been incorrectly applied to parallel-banded varieties of alabaster, marble, calcite, obsidian, and opal, and misleadingly to materials with contorted banding, such as "cave onyx" and "Mexican onyx".
2021–2023 Stagecoach strikes
The 2021–2023 Stagecoach strikes were a series of labour strikes by Stagecoach Group bus drivers, cleaners and engineers across the United Kingdom, the first of which began in 2021. Represented by Unite the Union, the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT) or the GMB, workers in over 20 different areas were involved in labour disputes with Stagecoach, with strikes being called in several of those areas.

Unite the Union
Unite the Union, commonly known as Unite, is a trade union in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, formed on 1 May 2007 by the merger of Amicus and the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU). A general union, Unite is one of the largest trade unions in the United Kingdom and Ireland, with over 1.2 million members. The current general secretary is Sharon Graham, who was elected in August 2021.
International Romani Union
The International Romani Union (Romani: Romano Internacionalno Jekhetanipe), formerly known as the International Gypsy Committee and International Rom Committee, is an organization active for the rights of the Romani people. Its seat is in Vienna. The International Romani Union also has offices in Skopje, North Macedonia, and Washington, D.C., US.

The IRU was established at the second World Romani Congress in 1978. Its presidents have included Stanislav Stankiewicz, Emil Ščuka, and before him, Rajko Đurić, who held this office for many years. The current president of the IRU is Zoran Dimov, who was elected during the 10th congress which was held on 18–20 March 2016 in Skopje, Macedonia. It was attended by 100 delegates and members of the IRU from 40 countries. After that, a new leadership of the IRU parliament chaired by the past head of parliament Stevo Balogh from Austria was elected.

The IRU has a consultative ECOSOC status within the UN.

Romani language
Romani (/ˈrɒməni, ˈroʊ-/ ROM-ə-nee, ROH-; also Romanes /ˈrɒmənɪs/ ROM-ən-iss, Romany, Roma; Romani: rromani ćhib) is an Indo-Aryan macrolanguage of the Romani people. The largest Romani dialects are Vlax Romani (about 500,000 speakers), Balkan Romani (600,000), and Sinte Romani (300,000). Some Romani communities speak mixed languages based on the surrounding language with retained Romani-derived vocabulary – these are known by linguists as Para-Romani varieties, rather than dialects of the Romani language itself.

The differences between the various varieties can be as large as, for example, the differences between the Slavic languages.
Alain Destexhe
Alain Destexhe (French pronunciation: [alɛ̃ dəstɛks]; born 19 June 1958) is a Belgian politician. He was a senator from 1995 to 2011, and remained a member of the Brussels Regional Parliament until 2019. Destexhe was a member of the liberal Mouvement Réformateur (MR) and represented Belgium in the World Economic Forum. He was awarded the Prize for Liberty by Nova Civitas in 2006. He was Secretary-General of Médecins Sans Frontières from 1991 to 1995, and President of the International Crisis Group from 1997 to October 1999.

In February 2019 Destexhe quit the MR due to a disagreement with the party's course. He created his own party, the Listes Destexhe, which is situated to the right of the MR. According to Destexhe, his list is modeled after the Flemish-nationalist N-VA but without the confederalism.

Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region
The Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region (French: Parlement de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; Dutch: Parlement van het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest) is the governing body of the Brussels-Capital Region, one of the three federated regions of Belgium. It is also known as the Brussels Regional Parliament (French: Parlement régional bruxellois; Dutch: Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Parlement), or simply the Brussels Parliament (French: Parlement bruxellois; Dutch: Brussels Parlement).
Ted Paige
Professor Edward George Sydney Paige FRS (18 July 1930 – 20 February 2004), known as Ted Paige, was a British physicist and engineer. His main areas of research were semiconductor devices to improve radar, including work on surface acoustic waves, and optical techniques using programmable phase plates.

Surface acoustic wave
A surface acoustic wave (SAW) is an acoustic wave traveling along the surface of a material exhibiting elasticity, with an amplitude that typically decays exponentially with depth into the material, such that they are confined to a depth of about one wavelength.
Chotisüh Sazo
Chotisüh Sazo (born 15 April 1962) is an Indian politician from Nagaland. He is a member of Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas). He is a former speaker of Nagaland Legislative Assembly & former minister in the Government of Nagaland.

Nagaland Legislative Assembly
The Nagaland Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Nagaland. Nagaland became a state of India on 1 December 1963 and after election in January 1964, the first Nagaland Legislative Assembly was formed on 11 February 1964. In 1974, the number of the elected Nagaland Legislative Assembly members was increased to the present strength of 60.

There is no nominated member in the House, all the members are elected on the basis of adult franchise from single-seat constituencies. The normal tenure of the House is five years unless dissolved sooner. The seat of the legislative assembly is Kohima, the capital of Nagaland.
TopView
TopView is the first object-oriented, multitasking, and windowing, personal computer operating environment for PC DOS developed by IBM, announced in August 1984 and shipped in March 1985. TopView provided a text-mode (although it also ran in graphics mode) operating environment that allowed users to run more than one application at the same time on a PC. IBM demonstrated an early version of the product to key customers before making it generally available, around the time they shipped their new PC AT computer.

IBM Personal Computer AT
The IBM Personal Computer AT (model 5170, abbreviated as IBM AT or PC/AT) was released in 1984 as the fourth model in the IBM Personal Computer line, following the IBM PC XT and its IBM Portable PC variant. It was designed around the Intel 80286 microprocessor.
Richard S. Cordrey
Richard S. Cordrey (September 8, 1933 – August 21, 2022) was an American farmer, businessman, and politician from Delaware. He served in both chambers of the Delaware General Assembly, in the State Senate from 1973 to 1997 and in the House of Representatives from 1971 to 1973. He also served as president pro tem of the State Senate for twenty years from 1977 to 1997 and as the Secretary of Finance of Delaware from 2005 to 2009.

Delaware House of Representatives
The Delaware State House of Representatives is the lower house of the Delaware General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Delaware. It is composed of 41 Representatives from an equal number of constituencies, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Its members are not subject to term limits, and their terms start the day after the election. The House meets at the Delaware Legislative Hall in Dover.
Roorkee Assembly constituency
Roorkee Legislative Assembly constituency is one of the seventy electoral Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly constituencies of Uttarakhand state in India. It includes Roorkee area.

Roorkee Legislative Assembly constituency is a part of Haridwar (Lok Sabha constituency).  The constituency also covers 24 wards of the Roorkee Municipal Corporation and the Roorkee Cantonment area.

Roorkee
Roorkee (Rūṛkī; Hindi: [ɾuːɽkiː]), formerly also anglicized as Rurki, is a city and municipal corporation in the Haridwar district of the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is 31 km (19 mi) from Haridwar, the district headquarters. It is spread over a flat terrain under the Sivalik Hills of the Himalayas. The city is developed on the banks of the Ganges Canal, its dominant feature, which flows from north–south through the middle of the city.

Roorkee is home to Asia's Second engineering college the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, formerly known as Thomson College of Civil Engineering. Roorkee is also known for the Roorkee Cantonment, one of the country's oldest military establishments and the headquarters of Bengal Engineer Group since 1853.
Shital Bhatia
Shital Bhatia is an Indian film producer and co-founder of Friday Filmworks, best known for his movies like A Wednesday! (2008), Special 26 (2013), Baby (2015), M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story (2016), Rustom (2016) and Toilet: Ek Prem Katha (2017).

Shital Bhatia along with Anil Ambani's Reliance Entertainment have a joint venture named Plan C Studios.

A Wednesday!
A Wednesday! is a 2008 Indian Hindi-language thriller film written and directed by Neeraj Pandey and produced by Ronnie Screwvala, Anjum Rizvi and Shital Bhatia under UTV Motion Pictures and Friday Filmworks. The film stars Naseeruddin Shah and Anupam Kher, and is set between 2 pm and 6 pm on a Wednesday. The film depicts a confrontation between a police commissioner and an anonymous caller who threatens to detonate bombs throughout Mumbai if four terrorists are not freed from police custody.

Released on 5 September 2008, it received widespread critical acclaim and emerged as a commercial success. It was also granted tax exemption in the state of Maharashtra. Subsequently, it won a number of awards including the Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film of a Director at the 56th National Film Awards. It went on to be remade in Tamil and Telugu simultaneously as Unnaipol Oruvan and Eenadu (both 2009), and as an English-language Sri Lankan film A Common Man (2013).
Gennadi
Gennadi (Γεννάδι) is a village on the southeastern coast of the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese within the South Aegean region of Greece. It was the seat of the former municipal unit of South Rhodes until the 2011 Kallikratis reform. As of the 2021 census, it had a permanent population of 1,224.

The village lies about 64 km from the city of Rhodes, 27 km from Lindos, and roughly 65 km from Rhodes International Airport.

Rhodes (city)
Rhodes (/roʊdz/ ⓘ; Greek: Ρόδος, Ródos [ˈroðos]) is the principal city and a former municipality on the island of Rhodes in the Dodecanese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Rhodes, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. It has a population of approximately 56,000 with nearly 90,000 in its metropolitan area. Rhodes has been famous since antiquity as the site of Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The citadel of Rhodes, built by the Hospitallers, is one of the best-preserved medieval towns in Europe. The Medieval city is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Today, the city of Rhodes is an important Greek urban center and popular international tourist destination.
Anatoly Greshnevikov
Anatoly Nikolaevich Greshnevikov (Russian: Анатолий Николаевич Грешневиков; born August 29, 1956, Krasnodubrovsky, Zavyalovsky District, Altai Krai) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

From 1974 to 1976, Greshnevikov served at the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. From 1982 to 1990, he worked as a journalist at the Borisoglebsk regional newspaper Novoe Vremya. From 1990 to 1993, he was the deputy of the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia. During the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis he stood for the side of the Supreme Soviet of Russia. In December 1993, he was elected deputy of the 1st State Duma from the Yaroslavl Oblast constituency. On December 17, 1995, he became the deputy of the 2nd State Duma. Later he was re-elected for the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas, respectively.

1st State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 1st convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации I созыва) is a former convocation of the State Duma, Lower House of the Federal Assembly. The first few months, the State Duma was located in the Comecon building on New Arbat Avenue, then moved to the State Duma building on Okhotny Ryad.