hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menzies Campbell
Walter Menzies "Ming" Campbell, Baron Campbell of Pittenweem (/ˈmɪŋɪs/; 22 May 1941 – 26 September 2025), was a Scottish politician, advocate and athlete. A senior figure in the Liberal Democrats, he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for North East Fife from 1987 to 2015 and led the party from 2006 to 2007. He held prominent frontbench roles in foreign affairs and defence, and was deputy leader under Charles Kennedy.

Before entering politics, Campbell was a distinguished sprinter, captaining the Great Britain athletics team in the mid-1960s and holding the British 100 metre record from 1967 to 1974. He studied law at the University of Glasgow and Stanford University, and was called to the Scottish Bar, later becoming Queen's Counsel.

Campbell was appointed Chancellor of the University of St Andrews in 2006 and made a life peer in 2015, serving in both roles until his death in 2025.

Faculty of Advocates
The Faculty of Advocates (Scottish Gaelic: Dàmh an Luchd-tagraidh) is an independent body of lawyers who have been admitted to practise as advocates before the courts of Scotland, especially the Court of Session and the High Court of Justiciary. The Faculty of Advocates is a constituent part of the College of Justice and is based in Edinburgh.

Advocates are privileged to plead in any cause before any of the courts of Scotland, including the sheriff courts and district courts, where counsel are not excluded by statute.
101 (album and film)
101 is a live album and documentary film by the English electronic music band Depeche Mode, released on 13 March 1989 by Mute Records. It chronicles the final leg of the band's tour in support of their album Music for the Masses (1987) and the final show on 18 June 1988 at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California.

The show was the 101st and final performance of the tour and coincidentally also the number of a famous highway in the area. The film was directed and produced by D. A. Pennebaker.

Hollywood Freeway
The Hollywood Freeway is one of the principal freeways of Los Angeles, California (the boundaries of which it does not leave) and one of the busiest in the United States.  It is the principal route through the Cahuenga Pass, the primary shortcut between the Los Angeles Basin and the San Fernando Valley.  It is considered one of the most important freeways in the history of Los Angeles and instrumental in the development of the San Fernando Valley.  It is the second oldest freeway in Los Angeles (after the Arroyo Seco Parkway). From its southern end at the Four Level Interchange to its intersection with the Ventura Freeway in the southeastern San Fernando Valley (the Hollywood Split), it is signed as part of U.S. Route 101. It is then signed as State Route 170 (SR 170) north to its terminus at the Golden State Freeway (Interstate 5).
Karen Lips
Karen R. Lips is a professor of biology at University of Maryland, College Park. Lips' work in the 1990s eventually contributed to the identification of the chytrid fungus as the primary cause of frog decline worldwide.

Chytridiomycota
Chytridiomycota are a division of zoosporic organisms in the kingdom Fungi, informally known as chytrids. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek χυτρίδιον (khutrídion), meaning "little pot", describing the structure containing unreleased zoospores. Chytrids are one of the earliest diverging fungal lineages, and their membership in kingdom Fungi is demonstrated with chitin cell walls, a posterior whiplash flagellum, absorptive nutrition, use of glycogen as an energy storage compound, and synthesis of lysine by the α-amino adipic acid (AAA) pathway.

Chytrids are saprobic, degrading refractory materials such as chitin and keratin, and sometimes act as parasites. There has been a significant increase in the research of chytrids since the discovery of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, the causal agent of chytridiomycosis.
Mehmet Çetingöz
Mehmet Çetingöz (born May 12, 1991, in Şanlıurfa, Turkey) is a Turkish wheelchair basketball player who plays the center position. He is a 4 point player competing for Beşiktaş JK wheelchair basketball team. He is part of the Turkey men's junior national wheelchair basketball team and serves as the captain of the U23 team.

Çetingöz became paralyzed in his right leg as a result of polio, which he contracted at the age of four. He began playing wheelchair basketball at the age of fourteen in a disabled sports club in Şanlıurfa.

After playing for eight years for Şanlıurfa Wheelchair, he was transferred in August 2013 to Beşiktaş JK, which  competes in the Turkish Wheelchair Basketball Super League.

Çetingöz became champion with the national junior team at the 5th Fazza International Wheelchair Basketball Championships held from April 17 to 23, 2013 in Dubai and was named Top Scorer.

Beşiktaş JK (wheelchair basketball)
Beşiktaş Wheelchair Basketball Team is the professional wheelchair basketball team of Beşiktaş J.K., which is a Turkish sports club from İstanbul. The club plays their home matches at Süleyman Seba Sport Complex.
Henry Coventry
Henry Coventry (1619–1686), styled "The Honourable" from 1628, was an English politician who was Secretary of State for the Northern Department between 1672 and 1674 and the Southern Department between 1674 and 1680.

Secretary of State for the Northern Department
The secretary of state for the Northern Department was a position in the Cabinet of the government of Great Britain up to 1782. Following this, the Northern Department became the Foreign Office, and the position evolved into the foreign secretary.
Nicholas of Ilok
Nicholas of Ilok (Hungarian: Újlaki Miklós, Bosnian and Croatian: Nikola Iločki; 1410–1477) was a Hungarian nobleman,  Ban of Croatia, Slavonia, Dalmatia and Macsó, Voivode of Transylvania and titular King of Bosnia from 1471 until his death.

A member of the Újlaki family, he was one of the richest landowners in the Kingdom of Hungary and one of its most influential magnates. He held a reputation of a great hero and served under four kings of Hungary: Albert, Vladislaus I, Ladislaus V and Matthias I.

Albert II of Germany
Albert the Magnanimous KG, elected King of the Romans as Albert II (10 August 1397 – 27 October 1439), was a member of the House of Habsburg. By inheritance he became Albert V, Duke of Austria. Through his wife (jure uxoris), he also became King of Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, and inherited a claim to the Duchy of Luxembourg.

He played a significant role in the Hussite Wars, assisting his father-in-law Sigismund and suffering defeats like the Battle of Domažlice in 1431. Crowned King of Hungary in 1438, he struggled to control Bohemia and fought against Polish-Bohemian forces. He later became King of the Romans but died in 1439 while defending Hungary from the Ottomans. His reign saw anti-Hussite and anti-Jewish persecutions, continuing medieval crusades against perceived heretics. Austrian Jews faced increased taxation and expulsions, culminating in the 1420 Vienna pogrom, partly driven by accusations of aiding the Hussites.
The Graph
The Graph is an open-source, decentralized protocol that powers the indexing and querying of blockchain data. It enables developers to build scalable web3 decentralized applications without managing complex indexing and querying infrastructure. It powers indexing, querying, real-time data streams, and analytics. The protocol is designed to support the growing infrastructure needs of web3, artificial intelligence (AI) agents, and dapps. With support for multiple networks, including Ethereum, Solana, Arbitrum, Base, BSC, and Polygon, The Graph is the industry standard for accessing blockchain data.

Polygon (blockchain)
Polygon (formerly Matic Network) is a blockchain platform which aims to create a multi-chain blockchain system compatible with Ethereum. As with Ethereum, it uses a proof-of-stake consensus mechanism for processing transactions on-chain. Polygon's native token is POL, an ERC-20 token which allows for compatibility with other Ethereum cryptocurrencies. It is operated by Polygon Labs.

Polygon is a natively Layer-2 network that uses Ethereum as a base network. In particular, transactions are first validated inside Polygon and then periodically committed in a "checkpoint": a Merkle root of transaction hashes is committed to Ethereum's mainnet by using "Core contracts".

Polygon runs various decentralized applications (dApps) such as Defi, DAOs, and NFTs.
Abolhassan Sadighi
Abolhassan Sadighi (Persian: ابوالحسن صدیقی) (5 October 1894 – 11 December 1995) was an Iranian sculptor and painter and was known as Ostad Sadighi (English: Master Sadighi). He was a student and disciple of Kamal-ol-molk.

The statue of Ferdowsi in the Ferdowsi square, the statue of Khayyam in Laleh Park of Tehran, the statue of Nader Shah at his mausoleum in Mashhad, and the portrait of Abu-Ali Sina are all examples of his works.

Kamal-ol-molk
Mohammad Ghaffari (Persian: محمد غفاری; 29 September 1848 — 18 August 1940), better known as Kamal-ol-Molk (Persian: کمال‌المُلک, lit. 'Perfection of the Realm'), was an Iranian painter and part of the Ghaffari family in Kashan, Qajar Iran.
Mackey topology
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, the Mackey topology, named after George Mackey, is the finest topology for a topological vector space which still preserves the continuous dual. In other words the Mackey topology does not make linear functions continuous which were discontinuous in the default topology. A topological vector space (TVS) is called a Mackey space if its topology is the same as the Mackey topology.

The Mackey topology is the opposite of the weak topology, which is the coarsest topology on a topological vector space which preserves the continuity of all linear functions in the continuous dual.

The Mackey–Arens theorem states that all possible dual topologies are finer than the weak topology and coarser than the Mackey topology.

Weak topology
In mathematics, weak topology is an alternative term for certain initial topologies, often on topological vector spaces or spaces of linear operators, for instance on a Hilbert space. The term is most commonly used for the initial topology of a topological vector space (such as a normed vector space) with respect to its continuous dual. The remainder of this article will deal with this case, which is one of the concepts of functional analysis.

One may call subsets of a topological vector space weakly closed (respectively, weakly compact, etc.) if they are closed (respectively, compact, etc.) with respect to the weak topology. Likewise, functions are sometimes called weakly continuous (respectively, weakly differentiable, weakly analytic, etc.) if they are continuous (respectively, differentiable, analytic, etc.) with respect to the weak topology.
Luiz Cané
Luiz Arthuro Cané Jr. (born 2 April 1981) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist currently competing in the Light Heavyweight division. A professional competitor since 2005, Cané has formerly competed for the UFC.

Light heavyweight (MMA)
The light heavyweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes.

The UFC's light heavyweight ranges from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg).

The ONE Championship's light heavyweight division (also known as cruiserweight) has an upper limit of 102.1 kg (225.1 lb).

The Road FC's light heavyweight division places the upper limit at 205 lb (93 kg).

The Misfits MMA's light heavyweight division uses the boxing light heavyweight format. (175 Ib limit).

Light heavyweight is a weight class in mixed martial arts, which generally refers to competitors weighing from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg). It sits between the lighter middleweight division, and the heavyweight division. The light heavyweight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 206 lb (93 kg).
Michael Mosiman
Michael Mosiman (born 16 July 1999) is an American professional Motocross and Supercross racer. Mosiman was the winner of the San Diego round of the 2022 AMA Supercross Championship in the 250SX West class, his only supercross victory to date.

Mosiman has competed professionally in the AMA Supercross Championship and AMA Motocross Championship since his outdoor debut in 2017.

In addition to his supercross win, Mosiman also took one race win in the 2022 AMA National Motocross Championship.

After sustaining several injuries throughout his career, Mosiman held a retirement party in 2024 following fractures to his neck. Following advice from doctors that he faced no further risk from this injury, Mosiman returned to competition the following season.

Mosiman is the younger brother of Josh Mosiman, who has also competed in the AMA Motocross Championship.

AMA Supercross Championship
The AMA Supercross Championship (commercially known as Monster Energy AMA Supercross) is an American motorcycle racing series. Founded by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) in 1974, the AMA Supercross Championship races are held from January through early May. Supercross is a variant of motocross which involves off-road motorcycles on a constructed dirt track consisting of steep jumps and obstacles; the tracks are usually constructed inside a sports stadium. The easy accessibility and comfort of these stadium venues helped supercross surpass off-road motocross as a spectator attraction in the United States by the late 1970s.

From 2002 until 2021, the series was the World Championship of the sport. After not renewing its contract with the FIM, the series, along with the AMA Motocross Championship, formed the SuperMotocross World Championship from 2023.
Weißenfels–Zeitz railway
The Weißenfels–Zeitz railway is a single-track main line railway in the south of the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It runs from Weißenfels via Teuchern to Zeitz. It was one of the main lines of the networks of Burgenlandbahn, a subsidiary of DB Regio, and is now served by DB Regio Südost.

Leipzig–Probstzella railway
The Leipzig–Probstzella railway is a line in the German states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. It runs from Leipzig through the valley of the White Elster via Zeitz, Gera, Triptis, the Orlasenke lowland and Saalfeld to Probstzella. Since it runs parallel with the Saal Railway but is higher, it is also called the Obere Bahn ("upper railway").
Rio Verde (Mato Grosso do Sul)
The Rio Verde is a river in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It is a tributary of the Paraná River.

The Cisalpina Private Natural Heritage Reserve protects the region where the Rio Verde and Paraná River converge, and contains a complex system of interconnected lagoons, streams and channels connected to the channel of the Paraná, which has shifted its bed to the east over time.
There are traces of old channels of the Paraná dating back 10,000 to 40,000 years.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Dominik Fischnaller
Dominik Fischnaller (born 20 February 1993) is an Italian luger. An athlete of the Centro Sportivo Carabinieri, he has won three olympic bronze medals, three world championship bronze medals, and was the 2023 Luge World Cup Overall champion in the men's singles.

2022–23 Luge World Cup
The 2022–23 Luge World Cup was a multi race tournament over a season for Luge, organised by the FIL. The season started on 4 December 2022 in Innsbruck, Austria, and concluded on 26 February 2023 in Winterberg, Germany.
Ballet
Ballet (French: [balɛ]) is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the fifteenth century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia. It has since become a widespread and highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary. Ballet has been influential globally and has defined the foundational techniques which are used in many other dance genres and cultures. Various schools around the world have incorporated their own cultures. As a result, ballet has evolved in distinct ways.

A ballet as a unified work comprises the choreography and music for a ballet production. Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers. Traditional classical ballets are usually performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets are often performed in simple costumes and without elaborate sets or scenery.

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Kimberly A. With
Kimberly A. With is an American ecologist and conservation scientist known for her research into the ecological consequences of human-caused habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, and land management, especially how such landscape changes contribute to a disruption of population and landscape connectivity, increased species' extinction risk, and invasive spread by non-native species. She is currently Professor Emerita in the Division of Biology at Kansas State University.

Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.

The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.
Raymond Cowels
Raymond Cowels III (born November 18, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for Trefl Sopot of the Polish Basketball League (PLK). He played college basketball for the Santa Clara Broncos before playing professionally in the Netherlands, New Zealand, Finland and France.

Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball
The Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball team represents Santa Clara University in NCAA Division I basketball competition. The team plays home games at the Leavey Center in Santa Clara, California and have been members of the West Coast Conference since its formation in 1952. The team is currently coached by Herb Sendek, who had previously been the head coach at North Carolina State and Arizona State

Santa Clara has a long history of basketball success, having appeared in 11 NCAA Tournaments and 7 National Invitational Tournaments and producing a number of both collegiate All-Americans and NBA players. The Broncos have competed in the NIT in three of the last four seasons. In the 2022 and 2023 seasons produced a first round draft pick in the NBA draft, Jalen Williams and Brandin Podziemski.
The Ways of White Folks
The Ways of White Folks is a collection of fourteen short stories by Langston Hughes, published in 1934. Hughes wrote the book during a year he spent living in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California.  The collection addresses multiple dimensions of racial issues, focusing specifically on the unbalanced yet interdependent power dynamics between Black and White people.  According to Hughes, the short stories are inspired either by his own lived experiences or those of others he encountered.

Carmel-by-the-Sea, California
Carmel-by-the-Sea (/kɑːrˈmɛl/), commonly known simply as Carmel, is a city in Monterey County, California, located on the Central Coast of California. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 3,220, down from 3,722 at the 2010 census. Situated on the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel is a tourist destination, known for its natural scenery and artistic history.

The Spanish founded a settlement in 1771, when Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was relocated by St. Junípero Serra from Monterey. Mission Carmel served as the headquarters of the Californian mission system, until the Mexican secularization act of 1833, when the area was divided into rancho grants. The settlement was largely abandoned by the U.S. Conquest of California in 1848 and stayed undeveloped until Santiago J. Duckworth built a summer colony in 1888. When the Carmel Development Company was formed in 1902, Carmel became an art colony and seaside resort, which incorporated in 1916.
Home security
Home security includes both the security hardware placed on a property and individuals' personal security practices. Security hardware includes doors, locks, alarm systems, lighting, motion detectors, and security camera systems. Personal security involves practices like ensuring doors are locked, alarms are activated, owning a Dog, windows are closed, and extra keys are not hidden outside.

According to an FBI report, 58.3% of burglaries in the United States involved forcible entry. Per the most recent statistics, the average burglary in the United States takes about 90 seconds to 12 minutes, and on average, a burglar will break into a home within 60 seconds. Most target cash first followed by jewels, drugs, and electronics. Common security methods include never hiding extra keys outside, never turning off all the lights, applying small CCTV stickers on doors, and keeping good tabs with neighbours.

Motion detector
A motion detector is an electrical device that utilizes a sensor to detect nearby motion (motion detection). Such a device is often integrated as a component of a system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in an area. They form a vital component of security, automated lighting control, home control, energy efficiency, and other useful systems. It can be achieved by either mechanical or electronic methods. When it is done by natural organisms, it is called motion perception.
Galaxy SOHO
Galaxy SOHO (simplified Chinese: 银河SOHO; traditional Chinese: 銀河SOHO; pinyin: Yínhé SOHO) is an urban complex building located in Beijing, China. Built between 2009 and 2012, it is the first of three buildings designed by Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid located in Beijing, along with Wangjing SOHO and Leeza SOHO.

The building is located in the southwest corner of Chaoyangmen Bridge in the Second Ring Road of Beijing. The complex features a curvilinear design consisting of four asymmetric continuous structures. It covers an area of 330,000 m2. The parametric design of the building was inspired by classical Chinese courtyards. The complex offers shops, offices and entertainment facilities.

Siheyuan
A siheyuan (Chinese: 四合院; [sɹ̩̂.xɤ̌.ɥɛ̂n];Sìhéyuàn) is a traditional Chinese architectural style characterized by a courtyard enclosed by buildings on all four sides. This design was prevalent throughout northern China, notably in Beijing and rural Shanxi. Historically, siheyuan served as the foundational layout for various structures, including residences, palaces, temples, monasteries, family businesses, and government offices.

Siheyuan originated in the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) and became popular during the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912) dynasties. A spacious siheyuan would be occupied by a single, usually large and extended family, signifying wealth and prosperity. Today, remaining siheyuan are often still used as subdivided housing complexes, although many lack modern amenities.