hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patriarch Alexy I of Moscow
Patriarch Alexy I (Alexius I, Russian: Патриарх Алексий I, secular name Sergey Vladimirovich Simansky, Russian: Серге́й Влади́мирович Сима́нский; November 8 [O.S. October 27] 1877 – 17 April 1970) was the 13th Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus', Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) between 1945 and 1970.

Patriarch Sergius of Moscow
Patriarch Sergius I (Russian: Патриа́рх Се́ргий; born Ivan Nikolayevich Stragorodsky, Ива́н Никола́евич Страгоро́дский; January 23 [O.S. January 11] 1867 – May 15, 1944) was the 12th Patriarch of Moscow and all the Rus', from September 8, 1943 until his death on May 15, 1944. He was also the de facto head of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1925–1943, firstly as deputy Patriarchal locum tenens (1925–1937) subsequently as Patriarchal locum tenens (1937–1943).

Starting in 1927, he pursued a policy of unconditional loyalty to the Soviet government, which led to significant criticism of him and the separation of some lay people and clerics.
Synthetic fuel commercialization
Worldwide commercial synthetic fuels plant capacity is over 240,000 barrels per day (38,000 m3/d), including indirect conversion Fischer–Tropsch plants in South Africa (Mossgas, Secunda CTL), Qatar (Oryx GTL), and Malaysia (Shell Bintulu), and a Mobil process (Methanol to Gasoline) plant in New Zealand.

Numerous large projects are under construction in China and Qatar. Some analysts believe that Chinese CTL production will exceed that of South Africa by 2015, and new and existing GTL capacity in Qatar should also exceed the July 2009 South African production level some time in 2011.

Oryx GTL
ORYX GTL (Arabic: أوريكس جي تي إل) is a synthetic fuel plant based in Ras Laffan Industrial City, Qatar, owned by QatarEnergy (51%) and Sasol (49%). It uses gas to liquids (GTL) technology for converting natural gas into liquid petroleum products. The capacity of Oryx GTL in 2007 was 34 thousand barrels per day (5.4×10^3 m3/d) of oil.
Vinnie Chas
Vincent Charles Pusateri (May 4, 1963 – April 6, 2010), best known by his stage name Vinnie Chas, was an American musician. Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, he moved to Washington State as a child and while growing up there, he went to Bethel High School and was in several bands with childhood friend Jerry Cantrell, including SINISTER and RAZE. In 1987, Chas joined Hollywood-based hard rock band Pretty Boy Floyd as their bassist. He died of heart failure on April 6, 2010, in Vancouver, Washington, and is buried in Spanaway, Washington.

Pretty Boy Floyd (American band)
Pretty Boy Floyd is a glam metal band from Hollywood, California, formed in 1987.  They are most famous for their 1989 debut album Leather Boyz with Electric Toyz and the two singles from it; "Rock and Roll (Is Gonna Set the Night on Fire)" and "I Wanna Be with You". The band broke up in 1994 but reformed in 1995, releasing several new records since that time, and continue to the present.
Lehmer mean
In mathematics, the Lehmer mean of a tuple  of positive real numbers, named after Derrick Henry Lehmer, is defined as:

The weighted Lehmer mean with respect to a tuple  of positive weights is defined as:

The Lehmer mean is an alternative to power means
for interpolating between minimum and maximum via arithmetic mean and harmonic mean.

Maximum and minimum
In mathematical analysis, the maximum and minimum of a function are, respectively, the greatest and least value taken by the function. Known generically as extrema, they may be defined either within a given range (the local or relative extrema) or on the entire domain (the global or absolute extrema) of a function. Pierre de Fermat was one of the first mathematicians to propose a general technique, adequality, for finding the maxima and minima of functions.

As defined in set theory, the maximum and minimum of a set are the greatest and least elements in the set, respectively. Unbounded infinite sets, such as the set of real numbers, have no minimum or maximum.

In statistics, the corresponding concept is the sample maximum and minimum.
Khalji invasion of Mithila
The Khalji invasion of Mithila took place between 1297–1298 as a military expedition led by the Delhi Sultanate against the Karnats of Mithila in present-day Northern Bihar.

The only source for the conflict between the Delhi Sultanate and Mithila is Mulla Taqia. According to him, the Mithila king Shaktisimhadeva defeated the Delhi army in the first three battles, fought at Maqbara and Sakkuri. In the final battle, the Mithila king was defeated and arrested. According to the Mithila tradition, Shaktisimharadeva subsequently served as a commander of the Delhi army during Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Ranthambore, but this tradition is not supported by any reliable evidence. Nevertheless, the Mithila king likely became an ally or a vassal of Alauddin Khalji: according to Mulla Taqia, he financially supported Alauddin Khalji. Mithila appears to have regained its independent status as an ally of the Delhi Sultanate, until its annexation by the Tughluq dynasty in 1324.

Tughlaq dynasty
The Tughlaq dynasty (also known as the Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty; Persian: تغلق شاهیان) was the third dynasty to rule over the Delhi Sultanate in medieval India. Its reign started in 1320 in Delhi when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq and ended in 1413.

The Indo-Turkic dynasty expanded its territorial reach through a military campaign led by Muhammad bin Tughluq, and reached its zenith between 1330 and 1335. It ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for this brief period.
Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Pakistan is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country. The major Pakistani ethnolinguistic groups include Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Saraikis, Muhajirs, Baloch, Hindkowans, Brahuis, and Meos as well as Shinas, Baltis, Kashmiris, Paharis, Kho, Indus Kohistanis, Torwalis, Gawris, Hazaras, Burusho, Wakhis, Kalash, Siddis, Uzbeks, Nuristanis, Pamiris and various other smaller minorities.

Gawri people
The Gawri people (Gawri: گاؤری) are an indigenous Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group native to Dir Kohistan and Swat Kohistan in northern Pakistan. They speak Gawri language, which belongs to the Kohistani group of Indo-Aryan languages.

Gawris predominantly inhabit the Kumrat Valley in the Upper Dir District and the valleys of Kalam, Usho and Utror in the Upper Swat District, and are closely related to the neighbouring Torwalis and Indus Kohistanis.
Dioicy
Dioicy is a sexual system in non-vascular plants where archegonia (female organs) and antheridia (male organs) are produced on separate plants in the gametophyte phase. It is one of the two main sexual systems in bryophytes, the other being monoicy. Both dioicous and monoicous gametophytes produce gametes in gametangia by mitosis rather than meiosis, so that sperm and eggs are genetically identical with their parent gametophyte.

Sexual system
A sexual system is a distribution of male and female functions across organisms in a species. The terms reproductive system and mating system have also been used as synonyms.

Sexual systems play a key role in genetic variation and reproductive success, and may also have led to the origin or extinction of certain species.  In flowering plants and animals, sexual reproduction involves meiosis, an adaptive process for repairing damage in the germline DNA transmitted to progeny. The distinctions between different sexual systems is not always clear due to phenotypic plasticity.

Interest in sexual systems goes back to Charles Darwin, who found that barnacles include some species that are androdioecious and some that are dioecious.
Plains Woodland period
The Plains Woodland period or Plains Woodland tradition refers to an archaeological period and group of cultures that existed across the Great Plains of North America approximately 2500–200 Before Present (BP). It was preceded by the Plains Archaic period and succeeded by the Plains Village period. The cultures in this period were heavily influenced by their contemporary neighbors in the Eastern Woodlands, particularly the mound-building Hopewell culture. It was the first tradition pattern on the Great Plains to widely engage in mound building and is also characterized by limited gardening and the production of ceramic cookware.

Cookware and bakeware
Cookware and bakeware is food preparation equipment, such as cooking pots, pans, baking sheets etc. used in kitchens. Cookware is used on a stove or range cooktop, while bakeware is used in an oven. Some utensils are considered both cookware and bakeware.

There is a great variety of cookware and bakeware in shape, material, and inside surface. Some materials conduct heat well; some retain heat well. Some surfaces are non-stick; some require seasoning.

Some pots and their lids have handles or knobs made of low thermal conductance materials such as bakelite, plastic or wood, which make them easy to pick up without oven gloves.

A good cooking pot design has an "overcook edge" which is what the lid lies on. The lid has a dripping edge that prevents condensation fluid from dripping off when handling the lid (taking it off and holding it 45°) or putting it down.
Oehl
The Oehl is the first tributary of the Geul river, starting from its source. It flows within the territory of the Belgian municipality of Raeren (part of the Eynatten district). A tributary of the Oehl is the Möschenbergsbach.

Raeren
Raeren (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaːʁən] ⓘ) is a municipality of the German speaking community of Belgium located in the Walloon province of Liège. It was part of Germany until the First World War, after which it became part of Belgium. It is one of several towns in eastern Belgium which predominantly speak German.

On 1 January 2006, Raeren had a total population of 10,091. The total area is 74.21 km2 which gives a population density of 136 inhabitants per km2. The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Eynatten, Hauset, and Raeren proper.

Mathias Cormann, the former Minister for Finance of Australia and current Secretary-General of the OECD, was raised in Raeren.
Paul Gipson
Paul Theodis Gipson (March 21, 1946 – January 16, 1985) was an American professional football player who was a running back for four seasons with the Atlanta Falcons, Detroit Lions, and New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Houston Cougars.

Houston Cougars football
The Houston Cougars football program is an NCAA Division I FBS football team that represents the University of Houston. The team is commonly referred to as "Houston" or "U of H". The UH football program is a member of the Big 12 Conference. Since the 2014 season, the Cougars have played their home games on campus at TDECU Stadium, which was built on the site formerly occupied by Robertson Stadium, where they played home games from 1941 to 1950 and from 1994 to 2012. Over the history of the program, the Cougars have won 11 conference championships and have had several players elected to the College Football Hall of Fame, including a Heisman Trophy winner.
Kyzir White
Kyzir Rasim White (born March 24, 1996) is an American professional football linebacker. He played college football for the Lackawanna Falcons and West Virginia Mountaineers and was selected by the Los Angeles Chargers in the fourth round of the 2018 NFL draft. He has also played for the Arizona Cardinals, Philadelphia Eagles, and Tennessee Titans.

West Virginia Mountaineers football
The West Virginia Mountaineers football team represents West Virginia University (WVU) in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of college football. West Virginia plays its home games at Milan Puskar Stadium on the campus of West Virginia University in Morgantown, West Virginia. The Mountaineers have won or shared a total of 15 conference championships, including eight Southern Conference titles and seven Big East Conference titles. The Mountaineers compete in the Big 12 Conference.
Hyo Watanabe
Hyo Watanabe (渡邉 彪, Watanabe Hyō; born January 4, 1997), better known simply as Hyo (豹, Hyō; formerly stylized as H・Y・O), is a Japanese professional wrestler, currently working for the Japanese promotion Dragongate. He is two-time Open the Brave Gate Champion, one-time Open the Twin Gate Champion and three-time Open the Triangle Gate Champion.

Open the Triangle Gate Championship
The Open the Triangle Gate Championship is a professional wrestling trios title in Japanese promotion Dragon Gate. It was created on November 7, 2004 when The Italian Connection faction of Milano Collection A.T., Anthony W. Mori and Yossino defeated Aagan Iisou's Shuji Kondo, Takuya Sugawara and "brother" Yasshi in a tournament final. Each title belt's face has three emblems on it, shaped in a triangle, that represent Power, Technique and Mind.

Not including interim reigns, there have been a total of 72 recognized individual champions and 84 recognized trios, who have had a combined 98 official reigns. Natural Vibes (GuC, Key and Kzy) are the current champions in their first reign.
Kayo Chingonyi
Kayo Chingonyi FRSL (born 1987) is a Zambian British poet and editor who is the author of two poetry collections, Kumukanda and A Blood Condition (2021). He has also published two earlier pamphlets, Some Bright Elegance (Salt Publishing, 2012) and The Colour of James Brown’s Scream (Akashic, 2016).

He is a writer and presenter for the music and culture podcast Decode. Chingonyi has won the Geoffrey Dearmer Prize, Dylan Thomas Prize and Somerset Maugham Award. He was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 2022.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Peretz Centre for Secular Jewish Culture
The Peretz Centre for Secular Jewish Culture is a centre for secular Jewish culture and humanistic Judaism in Vancouver, British Columbia.

They provide education, community, and cultural programming with a particular focus on inclusion and a broad understanding of Jewish identity. This includes valuing the 2SLGBTQI+ community as well as welcoming interfaith and intercultural members.

With roots including the Jewish Bund, the Peretz remains committed to social justice and diversity.

Jewish culture
Jewish culture is the culture of the Jewish people, from its formation in ancient times until the current age. Judaism itself is not simply a faith-based religion, but an orthopraxy and ethnoreligion, pertaining to deed, practice, and identity. Jewish culture covers many aspects, including religion and worldviews, literature, media, and cinema, art and architecture, cuisine and traditional dress, attitudes to gender, marriage, family, social customs and lifestyles, music and dance. Some elements of Jewish culture come from within Judaism, others from the interaction of Jews with host populations, and others still from the inner social and cultural dynamics of the community. Before the 18th century, religion dominated virtually all aspects of Jewish life, and infused culture. Since the advent of secularization, wholly secular Jewish culture emerged likewise.
Konstantin Raikin
Konstantin Arkadyevich Raikin (Russian: Константи́н Арка́дьевич Ра́йкин; July 8, 1950) is a Russian actor and theatre director, the head of the Moscow Satyricon Theatre (since 1988). Konstantin Raikin has been honoured with the titles Meritorious Artist of Russia (1985) and the People's Artist of Russia (1993). Among his accolades are the Russian State Prize (1995), the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" (III, IV – 2000, 2010) and the Golden Mask award (1995, 2000, 2005, 2008). He is the son of Arkady Raikin, the legendary Soviet actor and stand-up comedian.

Merited Artist of the Russian Federation
Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (Russian: Заслуженный артист Российской Федерации, Zasluzhenny artist Rossiyskoy Federatsii), also known as Honored Artist of Russia, is an honorary title in the Russian Federation. The title is awarded to actors, directors, filmmakers, writers, dancers, and singers for exceptional achievements in the arts.

The honorary title was originally modeled after the German honorific title for distinguished opera singers. Historically, the title was bestowed by princes or kings, when it was styled Hofkammersänger(in). In Imperial Russia before 1917, several stars of stage and film were honored with the title "Imperial singer", but after the October Revolution of 1917, the new regime made changes and established the title of the Merited Artist of Russia (Russian SFSR and Soviet Union).

After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Russian president Boris Yeltsin created a new award, first presented on 30 December 1995.
Nashshan
Nashshan (Minaean: 𐩬𐩦𐩬 romanized: NŠN, Našān; modern day Kharbat Al-Sawda', Arabic: خربة السوداء, romanized: Ḵirba al-Sawdāʾ) is the name of an ancient South Arabian city in the northern al-Jawf region of present day Yemen, originally independent but later subsumed into the territory of the ancient Kingdom of Ma'in between the 6th and 4th centuries BC. Like many other city-states of the Jawf, Nashshan functioned as the name of both the city and the tribe.

The city was called Nestum in the Natural History book that was written by Pliny the Elder.

The main god of Nashshan was called Aranyadaʿ.

Minaean language
The Minaean language (also Minaic, Madhabaic or Madhābic) was an Old South Arabian or Ṣayhadic language spoken in Yemen in the times of the Old South Arabian civilisation. The main area of its use may be located in the Al Jawf region of North-East Yemen, primarily in the Wādī Madhāb. Most of texts in this language were composed by the Minaeans, but the other civil-temple communities of the Wādī Madhāb (Nashshan, Kaminahu, Ḥaram, and Inabba') also used it as a literary medium.
2004 Portuguese Socialist Party leadership election
The 2004 Portuguese Socialist Party leadership election was held on 25 and 26 September 2004. The leadership ballot was called after Socialist Party Secretary-General Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues resigned as leader of the PS, against the decision of President Jorge Sampaio to appoint Pedro Santana Lopes as prime minister, replacing José Durão Barroso.

The declared candidates included the former Minister of the Environment José Sócrates, historic Socialist deputy Manuel Alegre and former Mayor of Lisbon and son of former president Mário Soares, João Soares. Sócrates won the election, becoming the 6th Secretary-general of the Socialist Party.

José Manuel Barroso
José Manuel Durão Barroso (European Portuguese: [ʒuˈzɛ mɐˈnwɛl duˈɾɐ̃w bɐˈʁozu]; born 23 March 1956) is a Portuguese politician and law professor. He served as the prime minister of Portugal from 2002 to 2004 and as the president of the European Commission from 2004 to 2014.

He has been one of the revolving door cases at the EU, which received the most media attention because only two months after the cooling off period, Barroso accepted a position as "senior adviser" and "non-executive chairman" of Goldman Sachs International and became subject of an ethics inquiry.
The Phoney Civilization
The Phoney Civilization (Bulgarian: Криворазбраната цивилизация / Krivorazbranata tsivilizatsiya) is a five-acts satirical play written by the Bulgarian playwright Dobri Voynikov published in 1871.

In a comical folklore manner, the play satirizes the understanding of foreign fashion trends as human progress in Bulgarian society at the time. This is the most popular work by Voynikov who is among the pioneers of the Bulgarian theatre. The Phoney Civilization is a classic work of the Late Bulgarian revival period in the end of 19th century.

The best known production of the play is probably the 1974 TV musical adaptation directed by Hacho Boyadzhiev, featuring some of the prominent Bulgarian comic actors, including Georgi Partsalev and Georgi Kaloyanchev. Because of the relevance of its subject matter, the play is still staged at the theatres more than a hundred years after its first publishing.

Bulgarian Revival
The Bulgarian Revival (Bulgarian: Българско възраждане, romanized: Balgarsko vazrazhdane, Turkish: Bulgar ulus canlanması), also called the Bulgarian National Revival, was a period of socio-economic development and national integration among Bulgarian people under Ottoman rule. It is commonly accepted to have started with the historical book, Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya, written in 1762 by Paisius, a Bulgarian monk of the Hilandar monastery at Mount Athos, leading to the National awakening of Bulgaria and the modern Bulgarian nationalism, and lasting until the creation of autonomous status for Bulgaria with the formation of the Principality of Bulgaria in 1878 as a result of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.
Gas check
A gas check is a gasket type component of firearms ammunition. Gas checks are used when non-jacketed bullets are used in high pressure cartridges. The use of a gas check inhibits the buildup of lead in the barrel and improves accuracy.

Full metal jacket (ammunition)
A full metal jacket (FMJ) bullet is a small-arms projectile consisting of a soft core (often lead) encased in an outer shell ("jacket") of harder metal, such as gilding metal, cupronickel, or, less commonly, a steel alloy. A bullet jacket usually allows higher muzzle velocities than a lead alloy cast bullet without depositing significant amounts of metal in the bore. It also prevents damage to bores from hard steel or armor-piercing core materials.
Witzelsucht
Witzelsucht (German: [ˈvɪtsl̩ˌzʊxt] "joking addiction") is a set of rare neurological symptoms characterized by a tendency to make puns, or tell inappropriate jokes or pointless stories in socially inappropriate situations. It makes one unable to read sarcasm.

A less common symptom is hypersexuality, the tendency to make sexual comments at inappropriate times or situations. Patients do not understand that their behavior is abnormal; therefore, they are non-responsive to others' reactions. This disorder is most commonly seen in patients with frontal lobe damage, particularly right frontal lobe tumors or trauma. The disorder remains named in accordance with its reviewed definition by German neurologist Hermann Oppenheim, its first description as the less focused moria (pathologic giddiness or lunatic mood) by German neurologist Moritz Jastrowitz, was in 1888.

Pun
A pun, also known as a paronomasia in the context of linguistics, is a form of word play that exploits multiple meanings of a term, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect. These ambiguities can arise from the intentional use of homophonic, homographic, metonymic, or figurative language.

A pun differs from a malapropism in that a malapropism is an incorrect variation on a correct expression, while a pun involves expressions with multiple (correct or fairly reasonable) interpretations. Puns may be regarded as in-jokes or idiomatic constructions, especially as their usage and meaning are usually specific to a particular language or its culture.

Puns have a long history in writing. For example, the Roman playwright Plautus was famous for his puns and word games.