hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Button
A button (/bʌtən/) is a  fastener that joins two pieces of fabric together by slipping through a loop or by sliding through a buttonhole.

In modern clothing and fashion design, buttons are commonly made of plastic but also may be made of metal, wood, or seashell. Buttons can also be used on containers such as wallets and bags. Buttons may be sewn onto garments and similar items exclusively for purposes of ornamentation. In the applied arts and craft, a button can be an example of folk art, studio craft, or even a miniature work of art. In archaeology, a button can be a significant artifact.

Applied arts
The applied arts are all the arts that apply design and decoration to everyday and essentially practical objects in order to make them aesthetically pleasing. The term is used in distinction to the fine arts, which are those that produce objects with no practical use, whose only purpose is to be beautiful or stimulate the intellect in some way. In practice, the two often overlap.  Applied arts largely overlap with decorative arts, and the modern making of applied art is usually called design.

Examples of applied arts are:

Industrial design – mass-produced objects.

Sculpture – also counted as a fine art.

Architecture – also counted as a fine art.

Crafts – also counted as a fine art.

Culinary arts

Ceramic art

Automotive design

Fashion design

Calligraphy

Interior design

Graphic design

Cartographic (map) design
Camso
Camso Inc., formerly known as Camoplast Solideal, is a Canadian company that is a manufacturer and service supplier of products for off-the-road vehicles.  They serve the material handling, construction, agriculture and powersport industries. Camso manufactures and distributes pneumatic, airless and solid tires, tracks, driven and trailed conversion track systems and OEM undercarriages.  The company was founded in 1982, and is based in Magog, Quebec, Canada. It also has branches and manufacturing plants in America, Asia and Europe. Camso research centers are in Magog, Ghent, Colombo, Shanghai, and Ho Chi Minh City, and has a global workforce of more than 8000 employees.

Magog, Quebec
Magog (locally /ˈmeɪɡɔːɡ/ MAY-gawg, French: [maɡɔɡ]) is a city in southeastern Quebec, Canada, about 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of Montreal at the confluence of Lake Memphremagog—after which the city was named—with the Rivière aux Cerises and the Magog River. It is a major centre and industrial city in the Regional County Municipality of Memphremagog. The city lies in the Eastern Townships tourist region.

In 2002, the City of Magog was merged with the Township of Magog and the Village of Omerville as part of the municipal reorganization in Quebec.
Cathy Bernheim
Cathy Bernheim (10 April 1946 – 8 April 2025) was a French novelist and an influential feminist activist. She started off the Mouvement de Libération des Femmes (Women's Liberation Movement or MLF). She was also a member of the Gouines Rouges, a radical feminist lesbian movement. She authored many books about feminism and the fight for reproductive rights, and gender equality, and against sexual violence in France. Cathy Bernheim was later an author, speaker, journalist, editor, and activist who translated several works of English feminist literature. Bernheim used art as a means of activism and participated in two exhibitions by activist Delphine Seyrig. The different perspectives she brought as an author challenged traditional gender roles when discussing feminism in France.

Delphine Seyrig
Delphine Claire Beltiane Seyrig (French: [sɛʁiɡ]; 10 April 1932 – 15 October 1990) was a Lebanese-born French actress and film director. She came to prominence in Alain Resnais's 1961 film Last Year at Marienbad, and later acted in films by Chantal Akerman, Luis Buñuel, Jacques Demy, Marguerite Duras, Ulrike Ottinger, François Truffaut, and Fred Zinneman. She directed three films, including the documentary Sois belle et tais-toi (1981).
Chronological summary of the 2026 Winter Olympics
This is a chronological summary of the major events of the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan, Cortina d'Ampezzo, and other areas in Lombardy and Northeast Italy. Competition began on 4 February with the first matches in the round robin stages of the curling event. The opening ceremony was held two days later on 6 February. The last day of competition and the closing ceremony were held on 22 February. The games featured 116 medal events in 16 disciplines.

2026 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The 2026 Winter Olympics closing ceremony took place on 22 February 2026. It started at 20:30 CET (19:30 UTC) and concluded at 23:00. It was held at the Verona Arena in Verona, Italy.

As mandated by the Olympic Charter, the proceedings combine the protocol-related and cultural segments. It is the first Olympics Games closing ceremony under the IOC presidency of Kirsty Coventry.

The city of Verona was chosen to host the ceremony, even though no events were scheduled to take place there: the intention was for this ceremony to be held in a setting reminiscent of the ancient Olympic Games. The ancient Roman amphitheater, that regularly hosts a famous open-air opera festival as well as other cultural events, will also host the opening ceremony of the 2026 Winter Paralympics on 6 March. The Teatro Filarmonico, an opera theatre in Verona, served as a secondary venue.
1996 United States presidential election in Florida
The 1996 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 5, 1996, as part of the 1996 United States presidential election. Voters chose twenty-five representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Florida was won by President Bill Clinton (D) over Senator Bob Dole (R-KS), with Clinton winning 48.02% to 42.32% by a margin of 5.7%. Billionaire businessman Ross Perot (Reform-TX) finished in third, with 9.12% of the popular vote.

As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last election in which Calhoun County, Dixie County, Gilchrist County, Franklin County, Glades County, Gulf County, Hamilton County, Hendry County, Levy County, Madison County, Okeechobee County, Putnam County, Sumter County, Taylor County, Wakulla County, and Citrus County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate and the last election in which Orange County voted for a Republican presidential candidate.

Taylor County, Florida
Taylor County is a county located in the Big Bend region in the northern part of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,796. Its county seat is Perry.  The county hosts the annual Florida Forest Festival and has been long known as the "Tree Capital of the South" since a 1965 designation from then-Governor W. Haydon Burns.
Taoist Libationers
Taoist Libationers (祭酒) were the primary religious professionals within the Way of the Celestial Masters. They served numerous roles within the early Taoist movement, chiefly of which was leading parishes. Evidence of libationers can be found as early as 173 C.E. Beginning in the 5th century the term libationer was phased out in favor of calling them Taoist Priests (道士), However, the term libationer was still used into the Southern Song dynasty and both terms denote the same position,

Way of the Celestial Masters
The Way of the Celestial Masters or the Heavenly Masters Sect is a Chinese Taoist movement that was founded by Zhang Daoling in 142 AD. Its followers rebelled against the Han dynasty, and won their independence in 194. At its height, the movement controlled a theocratic state in what is now Sichuan.
Albert Chavannes
Albert Chavannes (February 23, 1836 – May 3, 1903) was a Swiss-born American author, philosopher, and sociologist, active primarily in the late 19th century.  He is best known for his two utopian novels, The Future Commonwealth and In Brighter Climes, which discuss a fictional futuristic society, "Socioland," where the economy is governed by socialist ideals rather than capitalism, and where morality is based on social scientific experimentation, rather than traditional religion.  Chavannes was also one of the earliest social theorists to extensively discuss exchange theory, and his ideas on "magnetism" (magnetation) influenced writers such as J. William Lloyd and Ida C. Craddock.

J. William Lloyd
J. William Lloyd (never using his given name John) (June 4, 1857 – October 23, 1940) was an American individualist anarchist, mystic and pantheist. Lloyd later modified his political position to minarchism.
Daniel Whiteson
Daniel Ofir Whiteson (born June 17, 1975) is an American experimental particle physicist and professor of Physics and Astronomy at University of California, Irvine (UCI). He earned a bachelor's degree in physics and computer science from Rice University in 1997 and graduated with a PhD in physics from University of California, Berkeley in 2003. Whiteson joined the ATLAS experiment at CERN's Large Hadron Collider in 2007 and is a fellow of the American Physical Society. Whiteson is a co-creator of Elinor Wonders Why, an animated educational television show on PBS Kids. He co-hosts a podcast with biologist Kelly Weinersmith titled Daniel and Kelly's Extraordinary Universe.

Kelly Weinersmith
Kelly Weinersmith (née Smith) is an American biologist, writer, and podcaster. She is a member of the faculty at Rice University in the Department of BioSciences, and an alumni collaborator with the Parasite Ecology Group at the University of California, Santa Barbara.  She is co-author, with her husband Zach Weinersmith, of popular science books Soonish (2017) and A City on Mars (2023).
Makubetsu, Hokkaido
Makubetsu (幕別町, Makubetsu-chō) is a town located in Tokachi Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan.  As of 30 November 2025, the town had an estimated population of 25,032 in 12688 households, and a population density of 52 people per km2. The total area of the town is 477.64 km2 (184.42 sq mi).

Tokachi Subprefecture
Tokachi Subprefecture (literally "Tokachi Comprehensive Promotion Bureau") (十勝総合振興局, Tokachi-sōgō-shinkō-kyoku) is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan corresponding to the old province of Tokachi. As of 2004, its estimated population is 360,802 and its area is 10,830.99 km2.

Tokachi-Obihiro Airport is in the city of Obihiro.
Micro-mechanics of failure
The theory of micro-mechanics of failure aims to explain the failure of  continuous fiber reinforced composites by micro-scale analysis of stresses within each constituent material (such as fiber and matrix), and of the stresses at the interfaces between those constituents, calculated from the macro stresses at the ply level.

As a completely mechanics-based failure theory, the theory is expected to provide more accurate analyses than those obtained with phenomenological models such as Tsai-Wu and Hashin failure criteria, being able to distinguish the critical constituent in the critical ply in a composite laminate.

Tsai–Wu failure criterion
The Tsai–Wu failure criterion is a phenomenological material failure theory which is widely used for anisotropic composite materials which have different strengths in tension and compression. The Tsai-Wu criterion predicts failure when the failure index in a laminate reaches 1. This failure criterion is a specialization of the general quadratic failure criterion proposed by Gol'denblat and Kopnov and can be expressed in the form

where  and repeated indices indicate summation, and  are experimentally determined material strength parameters. The stresses  are expressed in Voigt notation. If the failure surface is to be closed and convex, the interaction terms  must satisfy

which implies that all the  terms must be positive.
Nuri Mazari
Nuri Mazari (5 May 1979 – 11 July 2005), also known as "Komandant Struga," was a soldier of the Kosovo Liberation Army and commander of the National Liberation Army who fought in the Kosovo War and the 2001 insurgency in North Macedonia. After 2001, he became a political figure and was killed under suspicious circumstances as part of a killing series targeting former members of the National Liberation Army.

2001 insurgency in Macedonia
An armed conflict began in the Republic of Macedonia in 2001 when the ethnic Albanian National Liberation Army (NLA) insurgent group, formed from veterans of the Kosovo War and insurgency in the Preševo Valley, attacked Macedonian security forces at the end of January 2001, and ended with the Ohrid Agreement, signed on 13 August of that same year. There were also claims that the NLA ultimately wished to see Albanian-majority areas secede from the country, though high-ranking members of the group have denied this. The conflict lasted throughout most of the year, although overall casualties remained limited to several dozen individuals on either side, according to sources from both sides of the conflict. With it, the Yugoslav Wars had reached Macedonia, which had achieved peaceful independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.
Bangaru Gaajulu
Bangaru Gaajulu (transl. Golden bangles) is a 1968 Indian Telugu-language drama film directed by C. S. Rao from a story written by Rajasri. Produced by Tammareddy Krishna Murthy, it stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Bharathi, and Vijaya Nirmala with the music composed by T. Chalapathi Rao. Released on 22 August 1968, the film won Nandi Awards from the Government of Andhra Pradesh, including Third Best Feature Film and Best Story Writer (Rajasri).

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
Jan Faye
Jan Faye is a Danish philosopher of science and metaphysics. He is currently associate professor in philosophy at the University of Copenhagen. Faye has contributed to a number of areas in philosophy including explanation, interpretation, philosophy of the humanities and the natural sciences, evolutionary naturalism, philosophy of Niels Bohr, and topics concerning time, causation, and backward causation (Retrocausality).

Retrocausality
Retrocausality, or backwards causation, is a concept of cause and effect in which an effect precedes its cause in time and so a later event affects an earlier one. In quantum physics, the distinction between cause and effect is not made at the most fundamental level and so time-symmetric systems can be viewed as causal or retrocausal. Philosophical considerations of time travel often address the same issues as retrocausality, as do treatments of the subject in fiction, but the two phenomena are distinct.
County of Steinamanger
The County of Steinamanger (also known as County of Savaria or County of Sabaria) was a county of the March of Pannonia in the Carolingian empire and was part of the Frankish-Bavarian area of upper Pannonia, together with the considerably larger Donaugrafschaft. It existed from approximately 825 to 907. Afterwards the area was conquered by the invading Magyars. It was centered around the modern city of Szombathely in Hungary.

Szombathely
Szombathely (Hungarian: [ˈsombɒthɛj]; German: Steinamanger [ˌʃtaɪnaˈmaŋɐ] ⓘ; also see names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary. It is the administrative centre of Vas County in the west of the country, located near the border with Austria. Szombathely lies by the streams Perint and Gyöngyös (literally "pearly"), where the Alpokalja (Lower Alps) mountains meet the Little Hungarian Plain. The oldest city in Hungary, Szombathely is known as the birthplace of Saint Martin of Tours.
Cameron Thomas (defensive end)
Cameron Thomas (born January 7, 2000) is an American professional football defensive end for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs and was drafted by the Arizona Cardinals in the third round of the 2022 NFL draft.

San Diego State Aztecs football
The San Diego State Aztecs football team is the college football program that represents San Diego State University (SDSU). The Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I (FBS) as a member of the Mountain West Conference (MW). The team plays its home games at Snapdragon Stadium.

Beginning play in 1921, the Aztecs first went to a bowl game in 1948 and first won a major college bowl game in 1969. The Aztecs have won 21 conference championships and are 10–10 all time in post-season bowl games.

Notable alumni include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Marshall Faulk, John Madden, and Joe Gibbs.
María Montt
María Ignacia Montt (born 23 February 1996) is a Chilean sprinter. A national champion over 100 metres and 200 metres, she has represented Chile at multiple international events and was a bronze medalist in the 100 metres at the 2025 South American Championships.

2025 South American Championships in Athletics
2025 South American Championships in Athletics was the 54th edition of the biennial athletics competition between South American nations. The event was held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, from 25 to 27 April at the Estadio Justo Ernesto Román.
Bridget McKeever
Bridget McKeever (born 2 February 1983), also known as Bridget Cleland, is a former Ireland women's field hockey international. Between 2003 and 2010 she made 150 senior appearances for Ireland. She also captained Ireland.

Ireland women's national field hockey team
The Ireland women's national field hockey team is organised by Hockey Ireland and represents both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland in international women's field hockey competitions, including the Women's Hockey World Cup and the Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship. They have previously competed in the Women's Intercontinental Cup, the Women's Hockey Champions Challenge, Women's FIH Hockey World League and the Women's FIH Hockey Series. The team also competes at the Summer Olympics, though it officially only represents the Republic of Ireland then (using the Republic's flag and national anthem), while still selecting players from the entire island.

On 2 March 1896, Ireland played England in the first ever women's international field hockey match. Ireland were finalists and silver medallists at the 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup and competed at the 2020 Olympic tournament.
Speri (region)
Speri (Georgian: სპერი; lit. 'Speri'), also known as Sper (Armenian: Սպեր; lit. 'Sper or Sber') is a historical region now part of the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. It was centered in the upper reaches of the valley of the Çoruh River, its probable capital was the town of İspir, or Syspiritus as indicated on the map next to the Byzantine-Sassanid border, and it originally extended as far west as the town of Bayburt and the Bayburt plains.

İspir
İspir (Armenian: Սպեր, Sper; Georgian: სპერი, Speri) is a municipality and district of Erzurum Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,129 km2, and its population is 14,607 (2022). It is on the Çoruh River. The mayor is Ahmet Coşkun (MHP).
Jeanne Lafortune
Jeanne Lafortune is a Canadian economist who currently works as aa full professor in Economics and director of pesearch at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. She is also a researcher at the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL LAC), which is a global research center that aims to reduce poverty and improve life quality of people in the Caribbean and Latin America. Lafortune holds a Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts. Her research interests focus on three main fields, including economic history, family and development economics.

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile
The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (UC Chile; Spanish: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) is a traditional private university based in Santiago, Chile. It is one of the thirteen Catholic universities existing in the Chilean university system and one of the two pontifical universities in the country, along with the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso. Founded in 1888, it is one of Chile's oldest universities. It is ranked among the top universities in Latin America (2nd in the region and 93rd in the world as per QS Ranking 2025).

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile has a strong and long-standing rivalry with the University of Chile, as they are both widely recognized as the most traditional and prestigious in the country, and one is Catholic and the other, secular. This rivalry also translates to sports, especially football.
Dragon Models Limited
Dragon Models Limited (Dragon or DML for short) is a Hong-Kong–based manufacturer of plastic model kits, diecast models and military action figures. Founded in 1987, the company's products are distributed globally and can be found in most major hobby distribution channels and retailers. The company is headquartered in the Tsuen Wan district of Hong Kong, and operates a sales and distribution office in Shanghai China. They are known for their attention to historical accuracy and detail, and have worked with many renowned military experts for their product designs. Since its founding, it has released more than 1,000 items.

Action figure
An action figure is a poseable character model figure made most commonly of plastic, and often based upon characters from a film, comic book, military, video game, television program, or sport; fictional or historical. These figures are usually marketed toward boys and adult collectors. The term was coined by Hasbro in 1964 to market G.I. Joe to boys (while competitors called similar offerings boy's dolls).

According to a 2005 study in Sweden, action figures which display traditional masculine traits primarily target boys. While most commonly marketed as a child's toy, the action figure has gained widespread acceptance as collector item for adults. In such a case, the item may be produced and designed on the assumption it will be bought solely for display as a collectible and not played with like a child's toy.
3rd (Royal Northumberland Fusiliers) Reconnaissance Regiment
The 3rd Reconnaissance Regiment (NF) was a regiment of the Reconnaissance Corps, which was itself part of the Royal Armoured Corps, raised by the British Army during the Second World War.

It was originally raised as the 8th Battalion, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers, formed as a 2nd Line Territorial Army duplicate unit of the 4th Battalion, just before the outbreak of the Second World War as a motorcycle battalion and served as such in the Battle of France in May 1940. It was converted to a reconnaissance unit in April 1941 and fought in North-West Europe from June 1944 until May 1945 when the war in Europe ended.

In July 1946, over a year since the end of the war in Europe, the regiment was placed in suspended animation, formally reconstituted on 1 January 1947 and immediately disbanded.

Royal Northumberland Fusiliers
The Royal Northumberland Fusiliers was an infantry regiment of the British Army. Raised in 1674 as one of three 'English' units in the Dutch Anglo-Scots Brigade, it accompanied William III to England in the November 1688 Glorious Revolution and became part of the English establishment in 1689.

In 1751, it became the 5th Regiment of Foot, with the regional title 'Northumberland' added in 1782; in 1836,  it was designated a Fusilier unit and became the 5th (Northumberland Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot.

After the 1881 Childers Reforms, it adopted the title Northumberland Fusiliers, then Royal Northumberland Fusiliers on 3 June 1935. In 1968, it was amalgamated with the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment), the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers and Lancashire Fusiliers to form the present Royal Regiment of Fusiliers.