hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Heegner number
In number theory, a Heegner number (as termed by Conway and Guy) is a square-free positive integer d such that the imaginary quadratic field  has class number 1. Equivalently, the ring of algebraic integers of  has unique factorization.

The determination of such numbers is a special case of the class number problem, and they underlie several striking results in number theory.

According to the (Baker–)Stark–Heegner theorem there are precisely nine Heegner numbers:

This result was conjectured by Gauss and proved up to minor flaws by Kurt Heegner in 1952. Alan Baker and Harold Stark independently proved the result in 1966, and Stark further indicated that the gap in Heegner's proof was minor.

Ideal class group
In mathematics, the ideal class group (or class group) of an  algebraic number field  is the quotient group  where  is the group of fractional ideals of the ring of integers of , and  is its subgroup of principal ideals. The class group is a measure of the extent to which unique factorization fails in the ring of integers of . The order of the group, which is finite, is called the class number of .

The theory extends to Dedekind domains and their fields of fractions, for which the multiplicative properties are intimately tied to the structure of the class group. For example, the class group of a Dedekind domain is trivial if and only if the ring is a unique factorization domain.
Grammy Museum at L.A. Live
The Grammy Museum is an interactive, educational museum devoted to the history and winners of the Grammy Awards. The Museum has interactive touch-screens, videos, recording booths,  and a collection of historical music artifacts including costumes and instruments from the Grammy Awards, hand-written lyrics, records, and audio/video recordings.

In addition to the original in downtown Los Angeles, there is also The Grammy Museum Mississippi in Cleveland, Mississippi and a Grammy Museum at Musicians Hall of Fame in Nashville, Tennessee. The Grammy Museum Experience opened in autumn 2017 at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey.

L.A. Live
L.A. Live is an entertainment complex in the South Park District of downtown Los Angeles, California. It is adjacent to the Crypto.com Arena and the Los Angeles Convention Center.

L.A. Live was developed by Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) (which Anschutz is based in and L.A. Live is the flagship of), Wachovia Corp, Azteca Corp, investment firm MacFarlane Partners, and with tax deferments paid by Los Angeles taxpayers. It cost approximately US$2.5 billion to build. The architectural firm responsible for the master plan and phase two buildings was Baltimore-based RTKL Associates.

With the adjoining Los Angeles Convention Center and Crypto.com Arena, LA Live will be part of the "Downtown Sports Park" cluster for the upcoming 2028 Summer Olympics being held in Los Angeles.
Statue of John McLoughlin
John McLoughlin, also known as Dr. John McLoughlin, is a bronze sculpture of John McLoughlin by Alexander Phimister Proctor and completed by his son Gifford MacGregor Proctor. One statue is installed at the Oregon State Capitol grounds in Salem, Oregon; another is installed in Washington, D.C., as part of the National Statuary Hall Collection.

National Statuary Hall Collection
The National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is composed of statues donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. Limited to two statues per state, the collection was originally set up in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, which was then renamed National Statuary Hall. The expanding collection has since been spread throughout the Capitol and its visitor center.

With the addition of New Mexico's second statue in 2005, the collection is complete with 100 statues contributed by 50 states, plus two from the District of Columbia (see Statues of the National Statuary Hall Collection). Since Congress authorized replacements in 2000, fourteen states have replaced at least one of their original two statues. In 2022, Kansas became the first state to replace both of its statues; it has been joined by Arkansas and Nebraska.
Zach Gage
Zach Gage (born 1985) is an independent video game programmer and designer based in New York City. He is known for his iOS games, including SpellTower.

Gage learned to code throughout his youth and studied art at Skidmore College and Parsons School of Design, where he created installation and interactive works. With the 2008 opening of Apple's App Store, Gage created multiple apps and games, including the word games SpellTower (2011), TypeShift (2017), and collaborative work on Vlambeer's 2013 Ridiculous Fishing and Bennett Foddy's 2017 Getting Over It iOS port. Gage also created multiple games based on playing card and board games, including Really Bad Chess (2016).

Vlambeer
Vlambeer is a Dutch independent video game developer based in Utrecht. Founded in 2010, the studio was composed of Rami Ismail and Jan Willem Nijman. The studio is known for the games Super Crate Box (2010), Serious Sam: The Random Encounter (2011), Ridiculous Fishing (2013), Luftrausers (2014), and Nuclear Throne (2015), as well as for their stand against video game cloning.
Madhuri Kanitkar
Lieutenant General Dr. Madhuri Kanitkar, PVSM, AVSM, VSM is a retired General Officer in the Indian Army. She is the third woman in the Indian Armed Forces to be promoted to a Three-star rank, after Surgeon Vice Admiral Punita Arora and Air Marshal Padma Bandopadhyay. She last served as the Deputy Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (Medical) under the Chief of Defence Staff.

Kanitkar serves on the Prime Minister's Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC). On 6 July 2021, she was appointed the Vice-Chancellor of the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik by the Governor of Maharashtra. She took over this appointment after retiring from the Army in October 2021.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Maphefo Mogale-Letsie
Maphefo Sarah Mogale-Letsie, also known as Sarah Madinge-Letsie, is a South African politician who has represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature since 2021. She was formerly the Mayor of Merafong City from 2011 until March 2021, when her party removed her from office after she was implicated in the VBS Mutual Bank scandal.

VBS Mutual Bank
VBS Mutual Bank was a South African mutual bank. In 2018 it was declared insolvent and bankrupt and placed under curatorship, with South African citizens and taxpayers defrauded out of roughly R2 billion.

It was formed as Venda Building Society in 1982, and became a mutual bank in 1992. By 2016 the bank reportedly had around 30,000 depositors with all deposits in the bank totalling R800 million. In 2017 the bank planned to list on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange; however, this never materialized. Most of its branches and clients were located in Limpopo province.
Menace (1934 British film)
Menace is a 1934 British crime film directed by Adrian Brunel and starring Victor Varconi, Joan Maude and D. A. Clarke-Smith. The film was made at Shepperton Studios by the Sound City production company. It was released in America under the alternative titles When London Sleeps and Without Warning.

Shepperton Studios
Shepperton Studios is a film studio located in Shepperton, Middlesex, England, with a history dating back to 1931. It is now part of the Pinewood Studios Group. During its early existence, the studio was branded as Sound City (not to be confused with the Californian Sound City Studios).
Corina Constantin
Oana Corina Constantin (born 12 November 1991 in Constanța, Romania) is a retired senior Romanian aerobic gymnast. She is the 2013 World Games Champion in Individual Woman, 2016 World Champion in Individual Woman, 2014 World Champion in Trio and Group, as well as 2015 and 2011 European Champion in Individual Woman. She has been called Romania's most successful aerobic gymnast since Izabela Lăcătuș.

Aerobic gymnastics
Aerobic gymnastics or sport aerobics is a competitive sport originating from traditional aerobics in which complex, high-intensity movement patterns and elements of varying difficulty are performed to music. It is governed by World Gymnastics. The FIG designs the Code of Points governing the sport and regulates all aspects of international elite competition. Within individual countries, gymnastics is regulated by national federations.
GoldenPass Express
The GoldenPass Express is a luxury railway service that operates as a Panorama Express (PE) train between Montreux, on Lake Geneva, and Interlaken, in the Bernese Oberland, in Switzerland. The train is owned and operated jointly by the Montreux Oberland Bernois Railway (MOB) and BLS AG (BLS). As such, it uses the MOB's 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge line between Montreux and Zweisimmen. In Zweisimmen, the train cars change gauges in order to operate on BLS' 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) gauge lines from Zweisimmen to Spiez and then from Spiez to Interlaken. The automatic gauge changeover, which adjusts both the track gauge and the height of the car body (to account for differences in platform heights), is believed to the first of its kind in the world when implemented on 11 December 2022.

Lake Thun railway line
The Lake Thun railway line is a railway line in the Swiss canton of Bern. It links the towns of Thun, Spiez and Interlaken, running principally along the southern shore of Lake Thun. The line was opened in 1893 by the Lake Thun Railway (German: Thunerseebahn, TSB) company, but incorporates much of the earlier Bödeli Railway (German: Bödelibahn) dating back to 1872.

The line is 27.9-kilometre (17.3 mi) long, and is currently owned and operated by the BLS AG railway company. Besides traffic to and from Interlaken, the section of line between Thun and Spiez also carries heavy traffic to and from the Lötschberg line.
Khilgaon Thana
Khilgaon (Bengali: খিলগাঁও) is a thana (police jurisdiction) and neighbourhood in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The thana encompasses Dhaka South City Corporation wards 24, 25, and 26. In 2022, it had a population of about 380 thousand.

Thanas of Bangladesh
A thana (precinct) (Bengali: থানা, romanized: thânâ, lit. 'police station') serves as a fundamental administrative unit in Bangladesh, functioning as a city district governed by a police station (analogous to a police district or a police precinct).

In rural areas, the thana system, originating in the 18th century under British rule, served as a sub-district, overseen by a Thana Council during the East Pakistan period. However, starting in 1982, each thana was redesignated as an upazila (lit. 'sub-district') headed by an Upazila Council with provisions for semi-autonomous local administration.
Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine
The Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine (STCAU, French: Tribunal spécial pour le crime d'agression contre l'Ukraine) is an ad hoc international criminal tribunal aimed at prosecuting individuals responsible for the Russian invasions of Ukraine under the legal concept of crimes of aggression, as a complement to the existing International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine.

An agreement between the Council of Europe and Ukraine was signed on 25 June 2025 in Strasbourg.
It sets out the conditions for establishing the Tribunal and includes its statute in an annex.

The Tribunal has not yet been established; it will be set up once States have provided legally binding guarantees of political and financial support.: Art. 9(c)

International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine
The International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine or the Situation in Ukraine is an ongoing investigation by the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) into "any past and present allegations of war crimes, crimes against humanity or genocide committed on any part of the territory of Ukraine by any person" during the period starting "from 21 November 2013 onwards", on an "open-ended basis", covering the Revolution of Dignity, the Russo-Ukrainian war including the 2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia, the war in Donbas and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The ICC prosecutor commenced these investigations on 2 March 2022, after receiving referrals for the situation in Ukraine from 39 ICC State Parties. On 1 January 2025, Ukraine became the 125th member of the International Criminal Court.
Barnet Kellman
Barnet Kellman (born November 9, 1947) is an American theatre, television and film director, television producer and film actor, and educator, best known for the premiere productions of new American plays, and for the pilots of long-running television series such as Murphy Brown and Mad About You. He is the recipient of two Emmy Awards and a Directors Guild of America Award. He is the co-founder and director of USC Comedy at the School of Cinematic Arts, and holds the school's Robin Williams Endowed Chair in Comedy.

Directors Guild of America Awards
The Directors Guild of America Awards are issued annually by the Directors Guild of America. The first DGA Award was an "Honorary Life Member" award issued in 1938 to D. W. Griffith. The statues are made by New York firm, Society Awards.
Danijel Subašić
Danijel Subašić (born 27 October 1984) is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He currently works as the goalkeeping coach of the Croatia national team.

Subašić began his career in Croatia with Zadar and Hajduk. In January 2012, he joined Monaco, and went on to make 292 competitive appearances for them over eight-and-a-half years. He won Ligue 2 in 2012–13 and Ligue 1 in 2016–17, also being named the league's Goalkeeper of the Year in the latter season.

Subašić made his senior international debut for Croatia in 2009. He was part of their squads for two FIFA World Cups and as many UEFA European Championships. He was a member of the Croatian squad which ended as runners-up to France in the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Trophées UNFP du football
The Trophées UNFP du football are a number of awards given annually by the Union Nationale des Footballeurs Professionnels (UNFP) to players playing in France's Ligue 1, Ligue 2, and Division 1 Féminine, as well as to managers and referees. The most prestigious award is the Ligue 1 Player of the Year. Created in 1988 under the name Oscars du football, they were renamed in 2004 after a complaint by the Academy Awards committee. The ceremony has been broadcast live on Canal+ since 1994.
Norman Tolman
Norman Herbert Tolman (July 12, 1936 - January 15, 2025) was an American art dealer and art collector, best known for his role in championing contemporary Japanese graphic art.  He was the founder of The Tolman Collection, a leading publisher and exhibitor of contemporary Japanese graphic art. Tolman exhibited and befriended artists like Saitō Kiyoshi, Shinoda Toko and Mori Yoshitoshi.

Yoshitoshi Mori
Yoshitoshi Mori (森 義利, Mori Yoshitoshi; October 31, 1898 - May 29, 1992) was a Japanese artist who specialized in kappazuri stencil prints. He was for many years a member of the mingei folk craft movement, and was close with Yanagi Sōetsu, founder of the movement, and Serizawa Keisuke, among others, producing stencil-dyed textiles and other textiles arts before turning to prints later in his career.

Yoshitoshi is said to have influenced several major 20th century print artists, including Shikō Munakata and Hiromitsu Takahashi.

His colorful works generally depict scenes from the kabuki theatre, or subjects related to folk traditions and festivals. Art collector Ren Brown writes that Yoshitoshi's "figures are most often rendered with a simplicity that manages to denote great energy and movement. ... Mori is known for using earthy colors in his work, and for often positioning his figures in a somewhat contorted and dynamic mass."
Michael Ho (racing driver)
Ho Hon "Michael" Keong (born 29 November 1968) is a Macanese racing driver currently competing in the TCR International Series and TCR Asia Series. Having previously competed in the European F3 Open, Formula V6 Asia and Macau Grand Prix amongst others.

Euroformula Open Championship
The Euroformula Open Championship (formerly the Spanish Formula Three Championship, European F3 Open Championship) is a junior formula racing series based in Spain. It was one of six national and international Formula Three championships in Europe that together used to form an important part of the established "career ladder" below Formula One. The championship's first season was held in 2001. In 2006, it was branded as the Spanish F3 Championship by Toyota, in deference to its sole engine supplier. In 2020, the championship ceased to be a F3-championship and will share its specifications with Japan's Super Formula Lights based on the previous-generation Formula Three standards, primarily with a choice of engines.
Lim Jock Seng
Lim Jock Seng (Chinese: 林玉成; pinyin: Lín Yùchéng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Gio̍k-sêng; born 22 January 1944) is a Bruneian aristocrat, anthropologist, politician and diplomat who served as first Minister of Foreign Affairs & Trade II. Additionally, he was a member of the Privy Council in 2003, and Legislative Council of Brunei in 2004. Other than holding government offices, he was also the chairman of Brunei Shell Petroleum (BSP) and Royal Brunei Airlines (RBA) from 2008 to 2010.

Privy Council (Brunei)
The Privy Council (Malay: Majlis Mesyuarat Diraja) is a formal body of advisers to the monarch of Brunei.  When His Majesty appoints people to posts with traditional ranks, titles, and honours, the council provides advice.
Tartar sauce
Tartar sauce (French: sauce tartare), often spelled tartare sauce in the UK and other Commonwealth countries, is a  mayonnaise-based condiment typically mixed with chopped cornichons or gherkins and capers, along with soft herbs such as tarragon, dill, parsley and chives. It is commonly served with fried or breaded seafood dishes including fish and chips, fish sandwiches, fried oysters and calamari.

Tartar sauce developed from eighteenth-century dishes served à la tartare, breaded meats and fish paired with pungent cold dressings. Nineteenth-century cookbooks contained yolk-free and mayonnaise-based versions, and writers such as Alexis Soyer and Jules Gouffé positioned the sauce within the mayonnaise family. By the early twentieth century Auguste Escoffier presented tartar sauce with fried fish and tied it to steak tartare, while English usage of the term dates to the 1820s.

Pickled cucumber
A pickled cucumber – commonly known as a pickle in the United States and Canada and a gherkin (/ˈɡɜːrkɪn/ GUR-kin) in Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand – is a usually small or miniature cucumber that has been pickled in a brine, vinegar, or other solution and left to ferment. The fermentation process is executed either by immersing the cucumbers in an acidic solution or through souring by lacto-fermentation. Pickled cucumbers are often part of mixed pickles.
Dianna Duran
Dianna Duran (born July 26, 1956) is an American politician who served as the 24th Secretary of State of New Mexico. A Republican, she was the first member of her party in 80 years to serve in the position. On October 22, 2015, she resigned her position amid a corruption and campaign law investigation. She subsequently pleaded guilty to six of 65 fraud and embezzlement charges against her as part of an agreement reached with the Attorney General of New Mexico. Duran was sentenced to 30 days in jail and began her sentence on December 18, 2015.

She was previously a New Mexico State Senator from District 40, first elected in 1992.

New Mexico Senate
The New Mexico State Senate (Spanish: Senado de Nuevo México) is the upper house of the New Mexico State Legislature, the lower house being the New Mexico House of Representatives.The Senate consists of 42 members, with each senator representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the state. All senatorial districts are divided to contain a population on average of 43,300 state residents. Members of the Senate are elected to four-year terms without term limits.

The Senate convenes at the New Mexico State Capitol building in Santa Fe.
Kevin April
Kevin April is a Canadian entrepreneur and media technology executive who co-founded several digital platforms used by millions of users and adopted by organizations including the NFL, NBA, and WNBA Players Associations. He is best known for founding ventures at the intersection of sports, streaming, and user-generated content, including Spymac, SportsBlog, SportsCastr, and PANDA Interactive.

Women's National Basketball Players Association
The Women's National Basketball Players Association (WNBPA) is the players' union for the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). It formed in 1998 and was the first trade union for female professional athletes.
February 1952 lunar eclipse
A partial lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Monday, February 11, 1952, with an umbral magnitude of 0.0832. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when one part of the Moon is in the Earth's umbra, while the other part is in the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 2.7 days after apogee (on February 8, 1952, at 8:25 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Marc Short
Marc T. Short (born March 3, 1970) is an American political advisor who was chief of staff to Vice President Mike Pence. Prior to holding this role, Short was the director of legislative affairs at the White House from 2017 to 2018. He became chief of staff for Pence in March 2019. He was a senior fellow at the Miller Center of Public Affairs, a CNN contributor, chief of staff to Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison, and the House Republican Conference. He was president of Freedom Partners Chamber of Commerce from 2011 to 2016. He was a frequent guest on Meet The Press of NBC News.

Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States
The chief of staff to the vice president of the United States is the chief of staff position within the Office of the Vice President, part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States. The chief of staff has been responsible for overseeing the actions of the vice president's staff, managing the vice president's schedule, and deciding who is allowed to meet with the vice president.