hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unionsexpressen
Unionsexpressen (lit. 'The Union Express') was an intercity train service provided between Oslo and Stockholm, the capitals of Norway and Sweden. The first-class only service was operated by company Unionsexpressen Scandinavian Railway AB, while haulage and Norwegian representation was operated by Ofotbanen.

In 2005, the state-owned SJ and Norges Statsbaner (NSB) cooperation Linx closed services on the Oslo–Stockholm route. The first trial runs of the Unionsexpressen started on 11 April 2008, with regular service commencing on 15 June. Operations were terminated on 7 October, following the bankruptcy of Ofotbanen.

Linx (railway company)
Linx AB was a railway company which operated inter-Scandinavian passenger trains between 2001 and 2004. Established as a joint venture between the Norwegian State Railways (NSB) and the Swedish state-owned SJ, Linx operated the routes from Oslo, Norway, to Stockholm, Sweden, and from Oslo via Gothenburg, Sweden, to Copenhagen, Denmark. Services were provided up to ten times per day. However, slow speeds caused by curvy infrastructure in Norway, combined with competition from low-cost airlines, caused the company to lose money, and eventually grounded operations. The services were taken over by NSB and SJ. The main rolling stock were eleven X2 electric multiple units, although it used SJ Rc-hauled trains on the Gothenburg–Oslo service. The company was based in Gothenburg.
1991 NSWRL season
The 1991 NSWRL season was the eighty-fourth season of professional rugby league football in Australia. This year the New South Wales Rugby League experimented with a draft system for the first time. Sixteen clubs competed for the J J Giltinan Shield and Winfield Cup premiership during the season, which culminated in a replay of the previous year's grand final between the Canberra Raiders and the Penrith Panthers.

Winfield Cup
The Winfield Cup was an Australian rugby league trophy awarded to the winner of the New South Wales Rugby League premiership (NSWRL) Grand Final from 1982 to 1994, and then to the winner of the newly-founded Australian Rugby League (ARL) Grand Final in 1995.

Despite its name, the trophy was retired after the 1995 ARL season when cigarette manufacturer Winfield was forced to withdraw their sponsorship, following the Australian Federal Government's introduction of the Tobacco Advertising Prohibition Act 1992 which outlawed tobacco advertising in sports in Australia. Winfield were not the first tobacco company to sponsor the NSWRL Premiership, however; from 1960 to 1981 the pre-season competition was sponsored by W. D. & H. O. Wills.

A redesigned ARL premiership trophy, the Optus Cup, was introduced in 1996 and lasted until 1997 before the ARL and Super League merged to form the National Rugby League (NRL) in 1998.
Sovereign Base
Sovereign bases are exclaves under the full sovereignty of a remote state, typically established through treaties, for the purpose of securely maintaining military installations outside the state’s main national territory.

The term sovereign base is not a formal category in international law with the only extant sovereign bases being Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus. These millitary bases retained British sovereignty in 1960.

American sovereign bases have been suggested as a part of the solution to the Greenland crisis, dispensing with the need to ask permission from Denmark although there are concerns that this is not a stable solution. Other overseas military installations have been compared to sovereign bases, such as Guantanamo Bay, Mayotte and Diego Garcia.

Military base
A military base is a facility directly owned and operated by or for the military or one of its branches that shelters military equipment and personnel, and facilitates training and operations. A military base always provides accommodations for one or more units, but it may also be used as a command center, training ground or proving ground. In most cases, military bases rely on outside help to operate. However, certain complex bases are able to endure on their own for long periods because they are able to provide food, drinking water, and other necessities for their inhabitants while under siege. Bases for military aviation are called air bases. Bases for military ships are called naval bases.
Ian Jeffs
Ian David Jeffs (born 12 October 1982) is an English former footballer and the current assistant manager of the Icelandic women's national football team and Úrvalsdeild karla club ÍBV. Úrvalsdeild kvenna club ÍBV.

Jeffs began his career with Crewe Alexandra but made only one senior appearance for the club before being released in 2004. He was loaned to Kidsgrove Athletic for a short spell during the 2002–03 season. Jeffs has spent the majority of his career playing in Iceland, where he has represented ÍBV, Fylkir and Valur. Between 2006 and 2007 he played for Swedish side Örebro, where he was part of the side that won promotion to the Allsvenskan, the top division of Swedish football.

ÍBV (men's football)
The ÍBV men's football team is the men's football department of the ÍBV-íþróttafélag (English: ÍBV sports club) multi-sport club. It is located in Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland, and currently plays in the Besta deild karla, the top-tier men's football league in Iceland. The team plays its home games at the Hásteinsvöllur. It has won the Icelandic championship three times, in 1979, 1997 and 1998.
Zak O'Sullivan
Zak O'Sullivan (born 6 February 2005) is a British racing driver who currently competes in Super Formula for Team Impul, and is serving as reserve and simulator driver for Envision Racing in Formula E. He has previously raced in Japan in Super GT with CarGuy MKS Racing, and for ART Grand Prix in the 2024 FIA Formula 2 Championship.

O'Sullivan is the champion of the 2021 GB3 Championship and the 2019 Ginetta Junior, 2020 British F4 and the 2023 Formula 3 runner-up. He was awarded the Aston Martin Autosport BRDC Award for 2021, and was previously a member of the Williams Driver Academy.

2019 Ginetta Junior Championship
The 2019 Michelin Ginetta Junior Championship was a multi-event, one make motor racing championship held in England and Scotland. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, aged between 14 and 17, competing in Ginetta G40s that conformed to the technical regulations for the championship. It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the British Touring Car Championship centrepiece. It was the thirteenth Ginetta Junior Championship, and the first with new title sponsor Michelin, commencing on 6 April 2019 at Brands Hatch – on the circuit's Indy configuration – and concluding on 13 October 2019 at the same venue, utilising the Grand Prix circuit, after ten meetings, all in support of the 2019 British Touring Car Championship.
Cem Karakaş
Cem Karakaş is a Turkish businessman and a partner in Afendis Capital Management, a specialist investor in European food and pharmaceutical special situations. He is the executive chairperson of Cerealto and Glacier Ice Cream Group.

He was formerly the founding CEO of global biscuit, chocolate and confectionery company, pladis and Executive Deputy Chairman of pladis's parent company, Yildiz Holding.

Karakaş held several executive roles at Yildiz Holding, where he was credited with the acquisitions of DeMet's Candy Company and United Biscuits as well as leading the IPO of Bizim, and the overseeing the restructuring and secondary public offering of Ülker.

Yıldız Holding
Yıldız Holding is a Turkish conglomerate that is best known for manufacturing food products. The company also produces other consumer goods and has its own retail, private equity and real estate operations.

Yıldız Holding is among the largest food manufacturers in CEEMEA (Europe, the Middle East, and Africa), the company generated revenues of ₺391 billion (US$13.5 billion) in 2023 across all businesses. The company employs 80,000 people and has 42 factories (20 of which are outside Turkey).

Yıldız Holding has over 300 brands available in 5 continents reaching 4 billion people. Through Yıldız Holding's core focus on biscuits, cakes and confectionery, the company has become number two in the world in the sweet biscuits category and number seven in the chocolate category by revenue.
Ray H. French
Ray H. French (May 16, 1919 – April 21, 2000) was an American printmaker, painter, sculptor and artistic innovator.  He attended the John Herron School of Art and received his Bachelors and Masters of Fine Arts at the University of Iowa under professor and artist Mauricio Lasansky. While French studied, traveled, and exhibited nationally and internationally, he remained dedicated to his home state of Indiana, which served as a strong artistic inspiration to him. In addition to his artistic career, French was also on the faculty of DePauw University from 1948 to 1984. Following his retirement from university service, French continued to create artwork in his private studio until his death in Greencastle, Indiana.

Mauricio Lasansky
Mauricio Leib Lasansky (October 12, 1914 – April 2, 2012) was an Argentine artist and educator known both for his advanced techniques in intaglio printmaking and for a series of 33 pencil drawings from the 1960s titled "The Nazi Drawings." Lasansky, who migrated to and became a citizen of the United States, established the program in printmaking at the University of Iowa, which offered the first Master of Fine Arts program in the field in the United States. Sotheby's identifies him as one of the fathers of modern printmaking.
Slovak Democratic Coalition
The Slovak Democratic Coalition (Slovak: Slovenská demokratická koalícia, SDK) was an electoral platform—constituted as an instrumental political party—for the 1998 parliamentary election. The party split in 2000, when some members rejoined their original parties, while others, led by Mikuláš Dzurinda, founded the Slovak Democratic and Christian Union (SDKÚ).

1998 Slovak parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Slovakia on 25 and 26 September 1998. The elections resulted in the defeat of the Vladimír Mečiar government and the election of Mikuláš Dzurinda as Prime Minister. His party, the Slovak Democratic Coalition formed a supermajority coalition government with the Party of the Democratic Left, Party of the Hungarian Coalition, and the Party of Civic Understanding.
Zico (rapper)
Woo Ji-ho (Korean: 우지호; born September 14, 1992), known professionally as Zico (Korean: 지코), is a South Korean rapper, record producer, and singer-songwriter. He debuted as the leader of the boy band Block B in 2011 and made his first solo release in 2014.

Zico is notable for his crossover skills within the Korean hip hop scene, maintaining an underground reputation along with mainstream appeal as a Korean idol. He is a record producer of both K-pop and Korean hip hop music. He is also part of the crew Fanxy Child, which he formed in 2016. In 2019, he released his first full-length solo album, Thinking. Zico's 2020 single "Any Song" spent seven weeks atop the Circle Digital Chart, becoming the longest-running number-one song in history at the time. In 2024, he achieved his first number-one hit on the US Billboard World Digital Song Sales chart and his first top-ten entry on the Billboard Global Excl. U.S. chart with the single "Spot!" featuring Jennie.

Korean idol
An idol (Korean: 아이돌; RR: aidol) is a type of entertainer who works in the field of Korean popular music (K-pop), either as a member of a group or as a solo act. They typically work for an entertainment agency that operates a highly managed star system that idols are produced by and debut under. Idols undergo extensive training in dance, vocal performance, and foreign language, and tend to represent a hybridized convergence of visuals, music, and fashion. Idols maintain a carefully curated public image and social media presence, and dedicate significant time and resources to building relationships with fans through concerts and meetups.
William Blake Richmond
Sir William Blake Richmond KCB RA PPRBSA (29 November 1842 – 11 February 1921) was a British painter, sculptor and a designer of stained glass and mosaic. He is best known for his portrait work and decorative mosaics in St Paul's Cathedral in London.

Richmond was influential in the early stages of the Arts and Crafts Movement in his selection of bold colours and materials for the mosaics in St Paul's Cathedral and in his collaboration with James Powell and Sons, glass makers, in creating new colours and materials. This new material expanded the glassmaker's palette and was favoured by artists of the Arts and Crafts Movement, primarily in the creation of stained-glass windows and decorative art work. Richmond was the Slade Professor of Fine Art at the University of Oxford from 1878 to 1883, succeeding his friend and mentor John Ruskin.

James Powell and Sons
The firm of James Powell and Sons, also known as Whitefriars Glass, were London-based English glassmakers, leadlighters and stained-glass window manufacturers. As Whitefriars Glass, the company existed from the 17th century, but became well known as a result of the 19th-century Gothic Revival and the demand for stained glass windows, mostly for churches.  It continued to make art glass into the 20th century, before finally closing production in 1980.
Carol Trager-Cowan
Carol Trager-Cowan FRSE FInstP FRMS is a Scottish physicist who is a Reader (Associate Professor) in physics and Science Communicator at the University of Strathclyde. She works on scanning electron microscopy, including Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), diffraction contrast and cathodoluminescence imaging.

Fellow of the Institute of Physics
Fellowship of the Institute of Physics (FInstP) is "the highest level of membership attainable" by physicists who are members of the Institute of Physics (IOP), "for those with a degree in physics or related subject (or equivalent knowledge gained in the workplace) and who have made a significant impact on their sector"; it is for "distinguished physicists in recognition of their accomplishments".

Honorary Fellowship (HonFInstP) is for "exceptional individuals" who can be nominated in recognition of having "contributed to physics generally or to the work of the IOP", working in fields including business, education, research, and policy relating to physics. The Institute's bye-laws limit the number of fellows in this category to being not more than 100 living Honorary Fellows at any one time.
Pullover (exercise)
The pullover is an exercise that is performed with either a dumbbell or a barbell. Pullovers can be made to affect either the chest or the back depending on how wide the grip is (barbell) and the position of the shoulders. It targets Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Triceps brachii, Lattismus dorsii and Teres major muscle among other muscles of the chest.

A research done on the pullover movement using a barbell suggested more effect on the pectoralis major muscle as compared to the latissimus dorsi.

Pectoralis major
The pectoralis major (from Latin  pectus 'breast') is a thick, fan-shaped or triangular convergent muscle of the human chest. It makes up the bulk of the chest muscles and lies under the breast. Beneath the pectoralis major is the pectoralis minor muscle.

The pectoralis major arises from parts of the clavicle and sternum, costal cartilages of the true ribs, and the aponeurosis of the abdominal external oblique muscle; it inserts onto the lateral lip of the bicipital groove. It receives double motor innervation from the medial pectoral nerve and the lateral pectoral nerve. The pectoralis major's primary functions are flexion, adduction, and internal rotation of the humerus. The pectoral major may colloquially be referred to as "pecs", "pectoral muscle", or "chest muscle", because it is the largest and most superficial muscle in the chest area.
Saint-Aubin-de-Luigné
Saint-Aubin-de-Luigné (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃.t‿obɛ̃ də lɥiɲe] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 31 December 2015, it was merged into the new commune Val-du-Layon.

This rural village, located in the deep valley of Layon and in the Loire Valley, is classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It has an important mining past linked to the exploitation of the Lower Loire Coal Basin.

A wine-growing town, its territory is located in the Coteaux du Layon appellation (AOC).

Maine-et-Loire
Maine-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [mɛn e lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-et-Loire to the east, Vienne and Deux-Sèvres to the south, Vendée to the south-west, and Ille-et-Vilaine to the north-west. Its prefecture is Angers; its subprefectures are Cholet, Saumur and Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Maine-et-Loire had a population of 818,273 in 2019.
Halyna Puchkivska
Halyna Oleksandrivna Puchkivska (June 22, 1934, Kyiv - September 29, 2010, Kyiv) was a Soviet and Ukrainian physicist, a professor of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (since 1989), a Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine (2004), a pupil of the famous physicist Antonina Prikhot'ko, a daughter of O.M. Puchkivsky (from the second marriage), and a younger sister of Nadiya Puchkivska.

Antonina Prykhotko
Antonina Fedorivna Prykhotko (Ukrainian: Антоніна Федорівна Прихотько; 26 April 1906, Pyatigorsk – 29 September 1995, Kyiv), was a Soviet and Ukrainian experimental physicist. She was an Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and is known for her fundamental contributions to the condensed matter spectroscopy.
Adele Nicoll
Adel Mia Nicoll (born 28 September 1996) is a British shot putter, discus thrower and bobsledder. She has won multiple Welsh Athletics Championships events, and won the shot put event at the 2022, 2023 and 2025 UK Athletics Championships. She won the 2023–24 IBSF Bobsleigh European Cup in St. Moritz alongside Kya Placide, and came second in the 2021–22 Bobsleigh World Cup event in Sigulda, Latvia alongside Mica McNeill, and the 2023–24 Bobsleigh World Cup event in Lake Placid alongside Kya Placide. Nicoll was a reserve for the 2022 Winter Olympics, and competed for Wales at the 2022 Commonwealth Games.

2022 British Athletics Championships
The 2022 British Athletics Championships was the national championships in outdoor track and field for athletes in the United Kingdom, which also served as a qualifying event for the 2022 World Athletics Championships.
2/3rd Field Regiment (Australia)
The 2/3rd Field Regiment was an Australian Army field artillery regiment that was raised for service during the Second World War. Formed in 1939 and assigned to the 6th Division, the regiment was deployed to the United Kingdom to defend against a possible invasion in 1940 before being sent to North Africa, where it briefly saw action prior to being sent to Greece and Crete in 1941. In 1942, the regiment returned to Australia, after which it did not see action again until late in the war when it was committed to the Aitape–Wewak campaign in 1944–45. Following the end of the war, the regiment returned to Australia and was disbanded in January 1946.

Aitape–Wewak campaign
The Aitape–Wewak campaign was one of the final campaigns of the Pacific Theatre of World War II. Between November 1944 and the end of the war in August 1945, the Australian 6th Division, with air and naval support, fought the Imperial Japanese 18th Army in northern New Guinea. Considered a "mopping up" operation by the Australians, and although ultimately successful for them with the Japanese forces cleared from the coastal areas and driven inland, amidst difficult jungle conditions, casualties from combat and disease were high. With Japan on the verge of defeat, such casualties later led to the strategic necessity of the campaign being called into question.
Shinto Directive
The Shinto Directive was an order issued in 1945 to the Japanese government by Occupation authorities to abolish state support for the Shinto religion. This unofficial "State Shinto" was thought by Allies to have been a major contributor to Japan's nationalistic and militant culture that led to World War II. The purpose of the directive was ostensibly based in ideas of freedom of religion and separation of church and state.

Japanese militarism
Japanese militarism (日本軍国主義, Nihon gunkoku shugi) was the ideology in the Empire of Japan which advocated the belief that militarism should dominate the political and social life of the nation, and the belief that the strength of the military is equal to the strength of a nation. It was most prominent from the start of conscription after the Meiji Restoration until the Japanese defeat in World War II, roughly 1873 to 1945. Since then, pacifism has been enshrined in the postwar Constitution of Japan as one of its key tenets.
Manhattan (soundtrack)
Manhattan is the original motion picture soundtrack to Woody Allen's 1979 film Manhattan with music by George Gershwin. It was performed by the New York Philharmonic under Zubin Mehta and the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra under Michael Tilson Thomas. It was nominated for Best Soundtrack in the 33rd British Academy Film Awards.

Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra
The Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra is an American symphony orchestra located in Buffalo, New York led by Music Director JoAnn Falletta. Its primary performing venue is Kleinhans Music Hall, which is a National Historic Landmark. Each season it presents over 120 classical series, pops, rock, youth, and family concerts. During the summer months, the orchestra performs at parks and outdoor venues across Western New York.
Kordell Jackson
Kordell A. Jackson (born April 9, 1999) is an American professional football defensive back for the Edmonton Elks of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Austin Peay. He has also been a member of the Frisco Fighters of the Indoor Football League (IFL).

Austin Peay Governors football
The Austin Peay Governors football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Austin Peay State University (Peay or APSU), located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and played the most recent 2022 season as members of the ASUN Conference. For the 2023 season and beyond, Peay will play in the United Athletic Conference, created shortly after the 2022 season by the merger of the football leagues of the ASUN and Western Athletic Conference. The school's first football team was fielded in 1930. They were previously a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (1963–1996, 2007–2021) and the Pioneer Football League (2001–2005). Austin Peay Governors football plays its home games at the 10,000 seat Fortera Stadium.
Malachi Jones (clergyman)
Malachi Jones (c. 1651–1729) was a British clergyman and missionary active in late 17th- and early 18th-century England and Pennsylvania. He is best known as the father of the Dissenting educator Samuel Jones and as the founder of Abington Presbyterian Church in Abington Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.

Abington Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
Abington Township is a township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is adjacent to Philadelphia's northern fringe. The population was 58,502 as of the 2020 census, making it the second most populous township in Montgomery County after Lower Merion Township. The population density is 3603.3 per square mile (1,377/km2), making it the second most densely populated township in Montgomery County after Cheltenham Township.

Abington Township is one of Montgomery County's oldest communities, dating back before 1700 and being incorporated in 1704. It is home to some of the county's oldest transportation routes, industries and churches. Many of these older business and transportation centers were the forerunners of modern Abington. Abington contains the Willow Grove Park Mall, several small businesses, and a few of Montgomery County's largest employers.