hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Randolph Alles
Randolph D. "Tex" Alles (born 1954) is an American law enforcement officer and government official who had served as the Deputy Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management and the de facto head of the DHS Management Directorate, under the various titles of both Acting Under Secretary and Senior Official Performing the Duties of Under Secretary. He also served as the 25th Director of the United States Secret Service from April 2017 to May 2019, and previously as the acting deputy commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, as well as in the United States Marine Corps, in which he reached the rank of major general.

Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management
The under secretary of homeland security for management is a high level civilian official in the United States Department of Homeland Security. The under secretary, as head of the Management Directorate at DHS, is the principal staff assistant and adviser to both the secretary of homeland security and the deputy secretary of homeland security for all aspects of DHS administration, finance, and personnel issues.

The under secretary is appointed from civilian life by the president with the consent of the Senate to serve at the pleasure of the president. Benjamine Huffman is the current acting under secretary for management.
Big Music Fest
Music portal

Canada portal

Big Music Fest was an annual music festival held in various locations in Southern Ontario, Canada. Belleville hosted every year from 2008 to 2013 with exception of 2011. Wiarton hosted an additional concert in 2009, while Owen Sound held additional concerts in 2010 and 2012. Bobcaygeon was the sole host in 2011. Kitchener was the sole host in 2014 and 2015.  An anticipated return in 2016 was cancelled and no announcements have been made for 2017 as of April 4, 2017.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
DD-WRT
DD-WRT is Linux-based firmware for wireless routers and access points. Originally designed for the Linksys WRT54G series, it now runs on a wide variety of models. DD-WRT is one of a handful of third-party firmware projects designed to replace manufacturer's original firmware with custom firmware offering additional features or functionality.

Sebastian Gottschall, a.k.a. "BrainSlayer", is the founder and primary maintainer of the DD-WRT project.  The letters "DD" in the project name are the German license-plate letters for vehicles from Dresden, where the development team lived.  The remainder of the name was taken from the Linksys WRT54G model router, a home router popular in 2002–2004. WRT is assumed to be a reference to 'wireless router'.

Buffalo Technology and other companies have shipped routers with factory-installed, customized versions of DD-WRT. In January 2016, Linksys started to offer DD-WRT firmware for their routers.

Wireless access point
In computer networking, a wireless access point (WAP) (also just access point (AP)) is a networking hardware device that allows other Wi-Fi devices to connect to a wired network or wireless network. As a standalone device, the AP may have a wired or wireless connection to a switch or router, but in a wireless router it can also be an integral component of the networking device itself. A WAP and AP is differentiated from a hotspot, which can be a physical location or digital location where Wi-Fi or WAP access is available.
Test d'évaluation de français
The Test d'évaluation de français (TEF, or French Assessment Test) is a standardized language test for French as a foreign language. It assesses general French comprehension and expression skills. Results are aligned with the levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) established by the Council of Europe.

Created in 1998 by Le français des affaires, a department of the Paris Île-de-France Regional Chamber of Commerce and Industry, it is officially recognized by:

French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation and the Ministry of the Interior

Swiss State Secretariat for Migration

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada;

Quebec Ministry of Immigration, Francisation and Integration

To meet the needs of candidates, the TEF is offered in five different versions:

TEF Études

TEF Intégration, Résidence et Nationalité (IRN)

TEF Canada

TEF Québec (TEFAQ)

TEF for All Audiences

Minister of the Interior (France)
The Minister of the Interior (French: Ministre de l'Intérieur, pronounced [ministʁ d(ə) lɛ̃teʁjœʁ]) is the interior minister of the government of France, traditionally responsible for internal security and territorial administration. The minister ensures the maintenance and cohesion of the country's institutions throughout its national territory.

The current Minister of the Interior is Laurent Nuñez, who has held the position since 12 October 2025 under Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu.
Walter H. Emroch
Walter Herman Emroch (born November 3, 1938) is an American attorney and politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates. A Richmond native, he is a partner at that city's personal injury law firm Emroch & Kilduff, which he founded in 1970.

A Democrat politically, he was first elected to the House in 1973 in Richmond's multi-member 33rd district. He served one term before being defeated in the 1975 primary election but ran again successfully in 1977. He remained in office until 1982, when he was defeated by Republican Joseph B. Benedetti in the newly-drawn 68th district.

Joseph B. Benedetti
Joseph Benedict "Joe" Benedetti (March 28, 1929 – November 19, 2014) was an American politician and lawyer.

Born in Richmond, Virginia, he served in the United States Army in 1946 during the occupation of Japan, the Korean War, and the Berlin Crisis of 1961. He received his bachelor's degree from the College of William & Mary and his law degree from the University of Richmond School of Law. Benedetti practiced law in Richmond, Virginia. He served in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1983 and was a Republican. In 1986, he was elected to the Virginia State Senate and served until 1995. Benedetti was appointed chairman of the Virginia State Board of Corrections and then head of the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services. Benedetti died in Richmond, Virginia.
Sam Black (public relations)
Samuel Black MBE  FBIM    FRSA  (6 January 1915 – 23 January 1999) was a British optician and public relations manager involved in the founding of the Institute for Public Relations in 1948, and the International Public Relations Association (IPRA) in 1955. He wrote 18 books about public relations and organised over 200 international exhibitions showcasing British industry, and was awarded an MBE in the 1969 Birthday Honours for services to export.

Chartered Management Institute
The Chartered Management Institute (CMI) is a professional institution for management based in the United Kingdom. It was founded as the British Institute of Management (BIM) in 1947 or 1948, merged with the Institution of Industrial Managers (IIM) in 1992 to form the Institute of Management (IM), and gained a royal charter, and its present name, in 2002.

The major membership classes are:

Member

Fellow – Senior most position for those with significant expertise

In addition to supporting its members, the organisation encourages management development, carries out research, produces a wide variety of publications on management interests, and publishes the official members' magazine, Professional Manager.  The institute also engages with government and other public bodies concerning policy on management and business related issues. Professional Manager magazine is circulated to over 80,000 members of the CMI.
HMC Valiant
HMC Valiant is a Border Force (customs), formerly UK Border Agency, cutter of the United Kingdom.  She was launched by Damen Shipyards in the Netherlands in 2003 and is one of four 42-metre (138 ft) cutters formerly operated by His Majesty's Revenue and Customs, and since 2008 operated by the UK Border Agency and after its dissolution in 2013 operated by the UK Border Force.

HM Revenue and Customs
His Majesty's Revenue and Customs (commonly HM Revenue and Customs) is a  department of the UK government responsible for the collection of taxes, the payment of some forms of state support, the administration of other regulatory regimes including the national minimum wage and the issuance of national insurance numbers.

HMRC was formed by the merger of the Inland Revenue and HM Customs and Excise, which took effect on 18 April 2005. The department's logo is the Tudor Crown enclosed within a circle.
Yuki Aino
Yuki Aino (愛野ユキ, Aino Yuki; born October 25, 1994) is a Japanese professional wrestler and former ring announcer working for the Japanese promotion Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling where she is a former Princess Tag Team Champion.

Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling
Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling (東京女子プロレス, Tōkyō Joshi Puroresu; TJPW) is a Japanese joshi puroresu or women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2012 as a sister promotion of DDT Pro-Wrestling. Initially running alongside other shows such as live music and other idol performances, it became its own standalone promotion starting on February 28, 2015.

As of 2024, TJPW is promoted under the CyberFight banner as a sister promotion to both DDT Pro-Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Noah.
Mohsen Makhmalbaf
Mohsen Makhmalbaf (Persian: محسن مخملباف, [mohˈsen mæxmɒːlˈbɒːf]) (born May 29, 1957) is an Iranian film director, writer, film editor, and producer. He has made more than 20 feature films, won 50 awards, and served as a juror in more than 15 major film festivals. His award-winning films include A Moment of Innocence (1996) and Kandahar. His latest documentary is The Gardener and latest feature The President.

Makhmalbaf's films have been widely presented at international film festivals since the early 21st century. The director belongs to the new wave movement of Iranian cinema. Time selected Makhmalbaf's 2001 film Kandahar as one of the top 100 films of all time. In 2006, he was a member of the Jury at the Venice Film Festival.

Makhmalbaf left Iran in 2005 shortly after the election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. He has lived in Paris since the events of the 2009 Iranian presidential election.

Dariush Mehrjui
Dariush Mehrjui (Persian: داریوش مهرجویی‎; 8 December 1939 – 14 October 2023) was an Iranian filmmaker, screenwriter, and a member of the Iranian Academy of the Arts.

Mehrjui was a founding member of the Iranian New Wave movement of the early 1970s, which also included directors Masoud Kimiai and Nasser Taqvai. His second film, The Cow (1969), is considered to be the first film of this movement.  Most of his films are inspired by literature and adapted from Iranian and foreign novels and plays.

On 14 October 2023, Mehrjui and his wife, Vahideh Mohammadifar, were found stabbed to death in their home in the city of Karaj, near Tehran.
Ellern
Ellern (German pronunciation: [ˈɛlɐn]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern.

Simmern im Hunsrück
Simmern (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪmɐn] ⓘ; officially Simmern/Hunsrück) is a town of roughly 8,155 inhabitants (Dec. 2023) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, the district seat of the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, and the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen. In the Rhineland-Palatinate state development plan, it is set out as a middle centre.
Ogbourne St Andrew
Ogbourne St Andrew is a civil parish and small village in Wiltshire, England, 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Marlborough. The parish is on the banks of the River Og and includes the hamlets of Ogbourne Maizey and Rockley.

Marlborough, Wiltshire
Marlborough (/ˈmɔːlbərə/ ⓘ MAWL-bər-ə, is a market town and civil parish in the English county of Wiltshire on the Old Bath Road, the old main road from London to Bath. The town is on the River Kennet, 24 miles (39 km) north of Salisbury and 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Swindon. In 2021 it had a population of 9129.
Csaba Tóth
Csaba János Tóth (born 22 April 1960) is a Hungarian engineer, entrepreneur and retired politician, a former member of the National Assembly. He became MP via the Hungarian Socialist Party's Budapest Regional List at first, serving in this capacity between 2010 and 2014. He represented Zugló (Budapest Constituency VIII) from 2014 to 2022.

His name has come to light in a number of suspected corruption and illegal cases over the years.

Hungarian Socialist Party
The Hungarian Socialist Party (Hungarian: Magyar Szocialista Párt [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈsot͡siɒliʃtɒ ˈpaːrt]), commonly known by its acronym MSZP (Hungarian: [ˈɛmɛspeː] ⓘ), is a centre-left to left-wing social democratic and pro-European political party in Hungary.

It was founded on 7 October 1989 as a post-communist evolution and one of two legal successors of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (MSZMP). Along with its conservative rival Fidesz, MSZP was one of the two most dominant parties in Hungarian politics until 2010; however, the party lost much of its popular support as a result of the Őszöd speech, the consequent 2006 protests in Hungary, and then the 2008 financial crisis. Following the 2010 election, MSZP became the largest opposition party in parliament, a position it held until 2018, when it was overtaken by the far-right-turned-centre-right Jobbik.
E-plane and H-plane
The E-plane and H-plane are reference planes for linearly polarized waveguides, antennas and other microwave devices.

In waveguide systems, as in the electric circuits, it is often desirable to be able to split the circuit power into two or more fractions. In a waveguide system, an element called a junction is used for power division.

In a low frequency electrical network, it is possible to combine circuit elements in series or in parallel, thereby dividing the source power among several circuit components.
In microwave circuits, a waveguide with three independent ports is called a TEE junction. The output of E-Plane Tee is 180° out of phase where the output of H-plane Tee is in phase.

Linear polarization
In electrodynamics, linear polarization or plane polarization of electromagnetic radiation is a confinement of the electric field vector or magnetic field vector to a given plane along the direction of propagation. The term linear polarization (French: polarisation rectiligne) was coined by Augustin-Jean Fresnel in 1822. See polarization and plane of polarization for more information.

The orientation of a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave is defined by the direction of the electric field vector.  For example, if the electric field vector is vertical (alternately up and down as the wave travels) the radiation is said to be vertically polarized.
Edward Przanowski
Grand Prince Edward Przanowski (13 October 1845, Glanów - 6 February 1929, Nowa Wieś, Starogard Gdański) was a Polish soldier of the January Uprising, chief engineer and architect in Słupca and Łęczyca; chieftain and chairman of the Łęczyca volunteer fire brigade; committee president of the Public Charity Council of the Łęczyca County; council and chancellery supervisor of the II Credit Union in Warsaw. He was the child Norbert Przanowski.

Łęczyca County
Łęczyca County (Polish: powiat łęczycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łęczyca, which lies 35 kilometres (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 774 square kilometres (298.8 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 53,435, out of which the population of Łęczyca was 15,423 and the rural population was 38,012.
Philip Goodrich
Philip Harold Ernest Goodrich (2 November 1929 – 22 January 2001) was a British Anglican bishop in the late 20th century. He was Bishop of Tonbridge from 1973 to 1982 and Bishop of Worcester from 1982 to 1996.

Bishop of Tonbridge
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Tonbridge is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Rochester in the Province of Canterbury, England. The title takes its name after Tonbridge, a market town in Kent; the see was erected under the Suffragans Nomination Act 1888 by Order in Council dated 11 September 1958. The bishop assists the diocesan Bishop of Rochester as well as having a particular ministry in the Archdeaconry of Tonbridge.

The current bishop is Simon Burton-Jones, since his consecration on 3 July 2018.
Şemdinli District
Şemdinli District is a district in the Hakkâri Province of Turkey. The district had a population of 44,742 in 2023, with the town of Şemdinli as its seat. Its area is 1,209 km2.

The district was established in 1936. Part of the district was separated to form Derecik District in 2018. The current district governor (kaymakam) is Batuhan Taşgın.

Derecik District
Derecik District is a district in Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The district was created from Şemdinli in 2018 and has four villages. The district had a population of 25,907 in 2023. Its area is 435 km2.

The district is populated by Kurds of the Gerdî tribe with the Begzade tribe present in one village.

It borders the Erbil Governorate of Kurdistan Region in Iraq to the south and the local Gerdî tribe shares closer traditions and customs with the Gerdî Kurds residing on the Iraqi side than the Kurds of Yüksekova and Hakkâri.
Vinod Kumar Gaur
Vinod Kumar Gaur (born 1936) is an Indian seismologist,a former director of the National Geophysical Research Institute and an honorary emeritus scientist at CSIR Fourth Paradigm Institute, known for his prediction of the April 2015 Nepal earthquake. He is reported to have conducted extensive studies on the tectonics of the Himalayas and is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, The World Academy of Sciences, Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences in 1979.

Seismology
Seismology (/saɪzˈmɒlədʒi, saɪs-/; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (seismós), meaning 'earthquake', and -λογία (-logía), meaning 'study of') is the scientific study of earthquakes (or generally, quakes) and the generation and propagation of elastic waves through planetary bodies. It also includes studies of the environmental effects of earthquakes such as tsunamis; other seismic sources such as volcanoes, plate tectonics, glaciers, rivers, oceanic microseisms, and the atmosphere; and artificial processes such as explosions.

Paleoseismology is a related field that uses geology to infer information regarding past earthquakes. A recording of Earth's motion as a function of time, created by a seismograph is called a seismogram. A seismologist is a scientist who works in basic or applied seismology.
Constant purchasing power accounting
Constant purchasing power accounting (CPPA) is an accounting model that is an alternative to model historical cost accounting under high inflation and hyper-inflationary environments. It has been approved for use by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Under this IFRS and US GAAP authorized system, financial capital maintenance is always measured in units of constant purchasing power (CPP) in terms of a Daily CPI (consumer price index) during low inflation, high inflation, hyperinflation and deflation; i.e., during all possible economic environments. During all economic environments it can also be measured in a monetized daily indexed unit of account (e.g. the Unidad de Fomento in Chile) or in terms of a daily relatively stable foreign currency parallel rate, particularly during hyperinflation when a government refuses to publish CPI data.

International Financial Reporting Standards
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are accounting standards issued by the IFRS Foundation and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). They constitute a standardised way of describing a company's financial performance and position so that company financial statements are understandable and comparable across international boundaries. They are particularly relevant for companies with publicly listed shares or securities.

IFRS have replaced many different national accounting standards around the world but have not replaced the separate accounting standards in the United States, where US GAAP is applied.
James Coward (RAF officer)
Air Commodore James Baird Coward, AFC (18 May 1915 – 25 July 2012) was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force. He was Air Officer Commanding Air Cadets and Commandant of the Air Training Corps between 1962 and 1966.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Paul Anthony McDermott
Paul Anthony McDermott, SC (4 February 1972 – 10 December 2019) was an English-born Irish lawyer and academic. He was a prominent criminal barrister who often prosecuted cases in the Irish superior courts. He was also known as a lecturer in law at University College Dublin and for frequent commentary on legal matters in the Irish media.

Senior counsel
Senior Counsel, State Counsel (post-nominal letters: SC), or Senior Advocate is a title given to senior lawyers in some current or former Commonwealth nations, mainly those in which the British monarch is no longer head of state, making the title "King's Counsel" obsolete. Examples of such nations are Mauritius, Zambia, India (Senior Advocate), Bangladesh (Senior Advocate), Hong Kong, Ireland, South Africa, Kenya, Malawi, Singapore, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. Jurisdictions that have retained the monarch as head of state, but have nonetheless opted for the new title, include some states and territories of Australia, as well as Belize.

Just as a junior counsel is "called to the [Outer] Bar", a Senior Counsel is, in some jurisdictions, said to be "called to the Inner Bar". Senior Counsels may informally style themselves silks, as do their British counterparts.