hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Disney Music Publishing
Disney Music Publishing (DMP) is a global music publishing company and is part of Disney Music Group. They publish multiple songwriters and producers including Dewain Whitmore, Daniel Armbruster, as well as Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez, the songwriters of the Disney musical Frozen.

Music publisher
A music publisher is a type of publisher that specializes in distributing music. Music publishers originally published sheet music. When copyright became legally protected, music publishers began to play a significant role in the management of composers' intellectual property. Today, music publishers license compositions, collect royalties, and make sure songwriters and composers are paid when their work is used.
Winders
Winders is a term describing new forms of social success in Western societies. A contraction of "windy winners," it refers to individuals uninhibited about their success who juxtapose rather than reconcile rival existential expectations. This concept follows earlier social success models like yuppies and bobos, drawing on the work of Michael Hartmann, Peter Meiksins, and Peter Whalley. John W. Leigh characterizes winders as "multi-consumers," equally comfortable in art galleries or cinemas, and appreciating both classical composers like Bach and pop stars like Beyoncé.

Yuppie
Yuppie, short for "young urban professional" or "young upwardly-mobile professional", is a term coined in the early 1980s for a young professional person working in a city. The term is first attested in 1980, when it was used as a fairly neutral demographic label; however, by the mid-to-late 1980s, when a "yuppie backlash" developed due to concerns over issues such as gentrification, some writers began using the term pejoratively.
Augustin D. Flanagan
Sergeant Augustin D. Flanagan (August 10, 1844 – January 22, 1924) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Flanagan received the United States' highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Battle of Chaffin's Farm in Virginia on September 29, 1864. He was honored with the award on April 6, 1865.

Battle of Chaffin's Farm
The Battle of Chaffin's Farm and New Market Heights, also known as Laurel Hill and combats at Forts Harrison, Johnson, and Gilmer, was fought in Virginia on September 29–30, 1864, as part of the siege of Petersburg in the American Civil War.
Sustainable Communities Act 2007
The Sustainable Communities Act 2007 (c. 23) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.  The Bill for this Act was a Private Member's Bill.

The Sustainable Communities Act represents the campaign success by Local Works, a UK coalition of over 100 national organisations, to introduce legislation that will help reverse the trend of community decline, also called 'Ghost Town Britain'. Ghost Town Britain refers to the ongoing loss of local facilities and services including, amongst others: shops, markets, Post Offices, pubs, bank branches and health centres, etc. The term 'Ghost Town Britain' was initially coined by the British think-tank the New Economics Foundation.

The Act was amended by the Sustainable Communities Act 2007 (Amendment) Act 2010.

New Economics Foundation
The New Economics Foundation (NEF) is a British think-tank that promotes "social, economic and environmental justice".

NEF was founded in 1986 by the leaders of The Other Economic Summit (TOES) with the aim of working for a "new model of wealth creation, based on equality, diversity and economic stability".

The foundation has 50 staff in London and is active at a range of different levels.  Its programmes include work on well-being, its own kinds of measurement and evaluation, sustainable local regeneration, its own forms of finance and business models, sustainable public services, and the economics of climate change.
Jack Nunge
John Richard Nunge (born February 20, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for Fukushima Firebonds of the B.League.

Nunge played college basketball for the Xavier Musketeers of the Big East Conference. He previously played for the Iowa Hawkeyes.

Xavier Musketeers men's basketball
The Xavier Musketeers men's basketball team represents Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. The school's team currently competes in the Big East Conference. Xavier has appeared in the NCAA tournament 30 times, 16 times in the 18 tournaments between 2001 and 2018. On March 11, 2018, Xavier earned its first ever No. 1 seed in the NCAA Tournament. Xavier is also a two-time winner of the NIT, with their most recent championship coming in 2022.

Xavier won four Atlantic 10 tournament championships (1998, 2002, 2004 and 2006). Xavier has won or shared 17 regular season conference championships, while winning 9 conference tournament championships. In addition, they have won one Big East Conference regular season title in 2018. They made the 2023 Big East Championship but lost to the Marquette Golden Eagles.

Xavier has been listed among the top-20 most valuable college basketball teams.
Kiruna mine
The Kiruna mine is an iron ore mine in Kiruna in Norrbotten County, Lapland, Sweden. The mine is owned by Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB (LKAB), a large Swedish mining company. In 2018, the mine produced 26.9 million tonnes of iron ore. The Kiruna mine has an ore body which is 4 km (2.5 mi) long, 80 metres (260 ft) to 120 metres (390 ft) thick and reaching a depth of up to 2 km (1.2 mi). Since mining began at the site in 1898, the mine has produced over 950 million tonnes of ore. As of 2020, the main haulage level is 1,365 m below the ore outcrop at Kiirunavaara that existed prior to mining.

In 2004, it was decided that the present centre of the city would need to be relocated to accommodate mining-related subsidence. The relocation would be made gradually over decades.

On May 18, 2020, an earthquake of approximate 4.9 Mw was triggered in the footwall of the mine. The earthquake was not natural but induced by the mining activity.

Underground hard-rock mining
Underground hard-rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to excavate "hard" minerals, usually those containing metals, such as ore containing gold, silver, iron, copper, zinc, nickel, tin, and lead. It also involves the same techniques used to excavate ores of gems, such as diamonds and rubies. Soft-rock mining refers to the excavation of softer minerals, such as salt, coal, and oil sands.
Maritime patrol aircraft
A maritime patrol aircraft (MPA), also known as a patrol aircraft, maritime reconnaissance aircraft, maritime surveillance aircraft, or by the older American term patrol bomber, is a fixed-wing aircraft designed to operate for long durations over water in maritime patrol roles — in particular anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-ship warfare (AShW), and search and rescue (SAR).

In addition to dedicated airframes, mid-size and large business jets have been modified for MPA missions, offering rapid deployment, extended range, long endurance, and lower life-cycle costs.

Among other maritime surveillance resources, such as satellites, ships, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and helicopters, the MPA is an important asset. To perform ASW operations, MPAs typically carry air-deployable sonar buoys as well as torpedoes and are usually capable of extended flight at low altitudes.

Sonobuoy
A sonobuoy (a portmanteau of sonar and buoy) is a small expendable sonar buoy dropped from aircraft or ships for anti-submarine warfare or underwater acoustic research. Sonobuoys are typically around 13 cm (5 in) in diameter and 91 cm (3 ft) long. When floating on the water, sonobuoys have both a radio transmitter above the surface and hydrophone sensors underwater. Sonobuoys are mission-critical platforms for enhancing Undersea Domain Awareness (UDA), providing an effective means to detect, locate, and track submarines and other underwater threats. Playing a key role in anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and other naval operations, they support in maintaining naval security and in protecting naval carrier strike groups.
Nallagandla Lake
Nallagandla lake is a natural rain-fed lake in the Nallagandla area in the north-western fringe of Hyderabad in the Indian state of Telangana. The lake bed is around 90 acres, that includes permanent marsh on the south-western edge of the lake. The lake bed shares its boundary with the Hyderabad Central University in the east and is surrounded by residential buildings on the remaining sides. The lake bed acreage is under threat from the construction activities around the lake. The plan of the lake as per the survey of GHMC conducted in 2013 can be found here.

Lakes in Hyderabad
The Indian city of Hyderabad was known as City of Lakes. Some of these lakes are natural and various are man made bodies. As per various sources only a few decades back, Hyderabad had a large number of water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, aquaculture ponds, tanks, etc (as per some sources between 3000 and 7000 including natural and manmade bodies. Locally known as cheruvu, kunta, tanks ).

Most of these lakes and tanks were built during the regime of Qutub Shah in 16th and 17th century and later by Nizams as a source of drinking water for the residents of Hyderabad.

As of 2025, the Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority currently keeps record of 2959 lakes in the Hyderabad metropolitan area and 27 lakes in the city of hyderabad.
History of the Jews in Udmurtia and Tatarstan
The Udmurt and Tatar Jews are a special ethnocultural group of Ashkenazi Jews, which originally formed in the areas of the mixed Turkic-speaking (Volga Tatars, Kryashens, Bashkirs, Anatris), Finno-Ugric-speaking (Udmurts, Eastern Maris), and Slavic-speaking (Russians) population. From 1807, Jewish people also began to reside in the industrial and administrative centers of Sarapulsky Uezd (predominantly in Izhevsk, Votkinsk, Sarapul). Until this time the Jews in this region lived only in Kazan (from the 18th century). The occurrence of Jewish communities in the region was made possible only after the decree of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia on August 26, 1827, on the introduction of conscription for the Jews (see Cantonists).

The Ashkenazi Jews first appeared on the territory of the Udmurt Republic in the 1830s. They began to live on the territory of Tatarstan in the same period of time.

Udmurtia
Udmurtia, officially the Udmurt Republic, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is administratively part of the Volga Federal District. Its capital is the city of Izhevsk.

It was established as the Udmurt (until 1931 — Votskaya) an autonomous region of the Udmurts, Udmurtia, within Russia on November 4, 1920.
RNLB Keith Anderson
RNLB Keith Anderson, officially 52-32 Keith Anderson (ON 1106), was one of 46 Arun-class All-weather lifeboats, commissioned by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI), and operated around the coast of Great Britain and Ireland between 1971 and 2008.

The lifeboat served primarily at Newhaven Lifeboat Station, arriving in 1985, and serving for 14 years until 1999. The boat was withdrawn to the relief fleet in 1999, following the arrival of a new Severn-class lifeboat at Newhaven, but in 2000, she was assigned to Hartlepool Lifeboat Station, where she served for a further three years.

RNLB Keith Anderson was again withdrawn to the relief fleet in 2003, and finally sold from RNLI service in 2006. The boat was sold to the "China Rescue & Salvage Bureau", and would recommence her SAR service in Chinese waters, based in Dalian.

Arun-class lifeboat
The Arun-class lifeboat is a fast all-weather lifeboat designed by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) for service at its stations around the coasts of the United Kingdom and Ireland. They were operated by the RNLI between 1971 and 2008. Many have been sold to see further service in the lifeboat and coastguard services of other countries.

The class takes its name from the River Arun in Sussex, England.
Peter J. Young
Peter John Young (31 July 1954—5 September 1981) was a British astrophysicist who made major contributions to extragalactic astronomy and cosmology. He obtained his PhD from California Institute of Technology in 1981. His contributions include the discovery of the intergalactic medium, the detection of a supermassive black hole in the galaxy M87, the identification of the optical counterpart to the first gravitational lens, and the theory of gravitational microlensing.

Gravitational lens
A gravitational lens is matter, such as a cluster of galaxies or a point particle, that bends light from a distant source as it travels toward an observer. The amount of gravitational lensing is described by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. If light is treated as corpuscles travelling at the speed of light, Newtonian physics also predicts the bending of light, but only half of that predicted by general relativity.

Orest Khvolson (1924) and Frantisek Link (1936) are generally credited with being the first to discuss the effect in print, but it is more commonly associated with Einstein, who made unpublished calculations on it in 1912 and published an article on the subject in 1936.

In 1937, Fritz Zwicky posited that galaxy clusters could act as gravitational lenses, a claim confirmed in 1979 by observation of the Twin QSO SBS 0957+561.
Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay
The Men's 4 x 400 metres relay athletics events for the 2016 Summer Paralympics took place at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange between 16 and 17 September 2016. One event was contested over this distance with each leg being run by one of the two different classifications, T53 and T54.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Athletics events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held in the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 8 to 18 September 2016. 177 events were held across both genders where 1,100 athletes competed. The athletics programme was the largest element of the Games programme in terms of entrants and medals awarded.
Steel Battalion
Steel Battalion is a video game created by Capcom for the Xbox console where the player controls a "Vertical Tank"—a bipedal, heavily armed mecha. To control the tank and play the game requires the use of a large controller made specially for Steel Battalion. The controller consists of 44 input points, mainly buttons, but also uses two joysticks, a throttle handle, a radio channel dial, five switches, an eject button, and three foot pedals. Only limited quantities were made available. These quickly sold out, making the game a collector's piece. It has since been re-released in limited quantities worldwide, with blue controller buttons distinguishing it from the first edition with green buttons.

Capcom
Capcom Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社カプコン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kapukon) is a Japanese video game company. It has created a number of critically acclaimed and multi-million-selling game franchises, with its most commercially successful being Resident Evil, Monster Hunter, Street Fighter, Mega Man, Devil May Cry,  Dead Rising, Ace Attorney, Dragon's Dogma, and Marvel vs. Capcom. Established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries in East Asia (Hong Kong), Europe (London, England), and North America (San Francisco, California).
Kevin Magee (motorcyclist)
Kevin Bernard Magee (born 16 July 1962 in Horsham, Victoria) is an Australian former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer who raced in 36 grands prix during his career, winning the 1988 Spanish Grand Prix. He is currently a television commentator for Fox Sports Australia.

Fox Sports (Australia)
Fox Sports Australia Pty Limited (formerly Premier Media Group Pty Limited) is the division of Foxtel that owns and operates the Fox Sports television networks and digital properties in Australia. The group operates nine Fox Sports Channels as well as Fox Sports News, Fox Cricket, Fox League, Fox Footy, Watch AFL and Watch NRL. Fox Sports channels such as Fox Netball are available via Foxtel or Kayo. The group's main competitors are beIN Sports, ESPN and Stan Sport. Unlike the American Fox Sports, the group is not owned directly by the Fox Corporation. However News Corp, which formerly held a 65% stake in Foxtel, was Fox Corporation's sister company until April 2025. Fox Sports Australia is now owned by DAZN.
Puente Santa Rosa
St. Rose Bridge (Spanish: Puente Santa Rosa) is one of the main bridges located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. It connects Lima with Rímac District and follows the path of Tacna Avenue. It is named after the Sanctuary of Saint Rose of Lima, located next to its southern entrance.

Cercado de Lima
The Cercado de Lima ('Walled Lima'), Damero de Pizarro ('Pizarro's Checkerboard'),  or Lima Cuadrada ('Squared Lima') is an area of the historic center of Lima (capital of Peru) located within the old walls of the city.
OpenLearn
OpenLearn is an educational website. It is the UK's Open University's contribution to the open educational resources (OER) project and the home of free, open learning from The Open University. The original project was part-funded by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. OpenLearn is a member of the OpenCourseWare Consortium (OCWC).

Open educational resources
Open educational resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that are intentionally created and licensed to be free for the end user to own, share, and in most cases, modify. The term "OER" describes publicly accessible materials and resources for any user to use, re-mix, improve, and redistribute under some licenses. These are designed to reduce accessibility barriers by implementing best practices in teaching and to be adapted for local unique contexts.

The development and promotion of open educational resources is often motivated by a desire to provide an alternative or enhanced educational paradigm.
James Fulton (dermatologist)
Dr. James E. Fulton Jr., M.D., (February 25, 1940 – July 4, 2013) was an American dermatologist and medical researcher who co-invented  Retin-A, a popular acne medication, in 1969.

Fulton co-developed tretinoin, known by the brand name as Retin-A, with Dr. Albert Kligman. Fulton was also pioneer for his use of new procedures and treatments in dermatology. He is believed to be the first dermatologist to include an aesthetician on the staff of his medical team. His inclusion of an aesthetician was initially criticized by other dermatologists, but soon earned acceptance and is now widely practiced in the field. Fulton also championed the early use of fat transfer for breast augmentation and surgical procedures to alleviate acne scars.

Dermatology
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin. It is a specialty with both medical and surgical aspects. A dermatologist is a specialist medical doctor who has undergone advanced training (typically 4 years beyond medical school) and manages diseases related to skin. Dermatological conditions, including inflammatory diseases, infections, cancers, hair loss, and cosmetic issues are common in the population, and sometimes difficult to diagnose or treat, requiring the services of a dermatologist. In addition to these routine issues, some conditions such as serious burns, angiodema, necrotizing fasciitis, and Stevens–Johnson syndrome are life-threatening dermatological emergencies. Dermatological interventions include systemic and topical medications, surgery, radiation, and physical modalities such as cryosurgery or laser therapy.
Frank W. Benson (politician)
Frank Williamson Benson (March 20, 1858 – April 14, 1911) was an American politician, a Republican, and the 12th governor of Oregon from 1909 to 1910. A native of California, Benson also served as educator, a land office clerk, and was twice elected as Oregon Secretary of State. From this position he became governor after sitting governor George Earle Chamberlain resigned to become a United States senator.

George E. Chamberlain
George Earle Chamberlain Sr. (January 1, 1854 – July 9, 1928) was an American attorney, politician, and public official in Oregon. A native of Mississippi and member of the Democratic Party, Chamberlain's political achievements included appointment followed by election as the first attorney general of Oregon, a stint as the state's 11th governor, and two terms in the United States Senate in Washington, D.C.
Balkan News Corporation
Balkan News Corporation was a Bulgarian media company, which operated the bTV and Fox International Channels for Bulgaria. It was formerly owned by News Corporation. In April 2010 the bTV channel was bought by Central European Media Enterprises, who owned the channels PRO.BG and RING.BG in Bulgaria. The FOX channels in Bulgaria (Fox Life and Fox Crime) continue to air under the company brand of "FOX Intl. Channels BG", again owned by News Corporation.

Since 2011 bTV airs under the brand "bTV Media Group", containing the channels bTV, bTV Comedy, bTV Cinema, bTV Action (the former PRO.BG), bTV Lady (from January 2012) and RING.BG. The brand is owned by Central European Media Enterprises.

BTV Action
bTV Action is  a Bulgarian man-based  television channel. The channel, along with sports channel RING, bTV, bTV Comedy,  bTV Cinema and bTV Story are part of bTV Media Group, owned by Central European Media Enterprises (CME).
Gulp.js
gulp is an open-source JavaScript toolkit, used as a streaming build system (similar to a more package-focused Make) in front-end web development.

It is a task runner built on Node.js and npm, used for automation of time-consuming and repetitive tasks involved in web development like minification, concatenation, cache busting, unit testing, linting, optimization, etc.

gulp uses a code-over-configuration approach to define its tasks and relies on its small, single-purpose plugins to carry them out. The gulp ecosystem includes more than 3500 such plugins.

Npm
npm is a package manager for the JavaScript programming language maintained by npm, Inc., a subsidiary of GitHub. npm is the default package manager for the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js and is included as a recommended feature in the Node.js installer.

It consists of a command line client, also called npm, and an online database of public and paid-for private packages, called the npm registry. The registry is accessed via the client, and the available packages can be browsed and searched via the npm website. The package manager and the registry are managed by npm, Inc.

Although "npm" is commonly understood to be an abbreviation of "Node Package Manager", it is officially a recursive backronymic abbreviation for "npm is not an acronym".
50 (Rick Astley album)
50 is the seventh studio album by English singer and songwriter Rick Astley. It was released on 10 June 2016 by BMG. It is Astley's first studio album in more than 10 years, following Portrait (2005).  In the United Kingdom, 50 became Astley's first number-one album since his 1987 debut album Whenever You Need Somebody. All songs on this album were sung, written and recorded by Astley himself. The album was later released on 7 October 2016 in the United States, marking his first American release since 1993's Body & Soul. The album was made as a commencement to Astley's 50th birthday in 2016, hence the album's title.

Whenever You Need Somebody
Whenever You Need Somebody is the debut studio album by English singer Rick Astley, released on 16 November 1987 by RCA Records. It is his highest-selling album and has sold 15.2 million copies worldwide. The album is listed as the 136th best-selling album in Spain and was the seventh best-selling album of 1987 in the United Kingdom. A remastered version, containing rare remixes and extended versions, was released on 12 April 2010.