hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
U.S. Route 80 in Alabama
U.S. Route 80 (US 80) is a major U.S. Highway in the American state of Alabama. The Alabama Department of Transportation internally designates the majority of US 80 throughout the state as State Route 8 (SR 8), save for parts of the route throughout  Selma and near the Mississippi border. Serving as the main east to west highway through Alabama's Black Belt region, US 80 became well known as the main route for the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches; it was the route along which the Civil Rights demonstrators walked, from Selma to Montgomery, and the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma was the site of Bloody Sunday. The highway was also once a major transcontinental highway (the Dixie Overland Highway) reaching from Tybee Island, Georgia, to San Diego, California, but has since been truncated to Dallas, Texas because it was largely replaced by the Interstate Highway System.

Alabama Department of Transportation
The Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT) is the government agency responsible for transportation infrastructure in Alabama. The Department is organized into five geographic regions, with a Central Office located in Montgomery, AL. The Central Office is organized into the Office of the Transportation Director and the Office of the Chief Engineer. The five Region Engineers report to the director and Deputy Director, Operations. The organization of the various bureaus and offices are designed to report to the director and the deputy directors, Chief Engineer, or the Assistant Chief Engineers. The Department has several boards and committees that operate either within a bureau or as a cooperative effort among several bureaus or regions.
Beer in Palestine
Beer in Palestine is manufactured in Palestinian microbreweries by members of the local Palestinian Christian community – most traditionally Taybeh Brewery, established in 1994, and Birzeit Brewery, since 2015. Several beer festivals are held annually in Palestine, including an Oktoberfest-style event hosted by the Taybeh Brewery.

Craft beer
Craft beer is beer manufactured by craft breweries, which typically produce smaller amounts of beer than larger "macro" breweries and are often independently owned. Such breweries are generally perceived and marketed as emphasising enthusiasm, new flavours, and varied brewing techniques.

The microbrewery movement began in both the United States and United Kingdom in the 1970s, although traditional artisanal brewing existed in Europe for centuries and subsequently spread to other countries. As the movement grew, and some breweries expanded their production and distribution, the more encompassing concept of craft brewing emerged. A brewpub is a pub that brews its own beer for sale on the premises.
Antonio Deinde Fernandez
Oloye Antonio Oladeinde Fernandez of Dudley (12 August 1929 – 1 September 2015) was a Nigerian billionaire business magnate, diplomat and Pan-African leader who was Permanent Representative of the Central African Republic to the United Nations. He was considered one of the richest men in Africa.

In addition to a variety of other chieftaincy titles, he held the title of the Apesin Ola of the Egba clan of Yorubaland. Meanwhile, in Scotland, Chief Fernandez was also entitled to use the courtesy territorial designation "of Dudley" as part of his formal name due to his being a baron.

Nigerian Chieftaincy
The Nigerian Chieftaincy is the chieftaincy system that is native to Nigeria. Consisting of everything from the country's monarchs to its titled family elders, the chieftaincy as a whole is one of the oldest continuously existing institutions in Nigeria and is legally recognized by its government.
Book of Qi
The Book of Qi (Qí Shū) or Book of Southern Qi (Nán Qí Shū) is a history of the Chinese dynasty Southern Qi covering the period from 479 to 502, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories of Chinese history.  It was written by Xiao Zixian during the succeeding Liang Dynasty.  This book was the only one of the Twenty-Four Histories to be authored by a member of the chronicled dynasty's ruling house – Xiao Zixian was a grandson of Emperor Gao, founder of Southern Qi,

When first submitted to Emperor Wu of Liang, the book was known simply as the Book of Qi.  After the Book of Northern Qi (the history of the later Northern Qi dynasty) was written, this book became known as the Book of Southern Qi so that the two could be distinguished.  The book contained 60 volumes when written, but one preface was later lost.

Emperor Gao of Southern Qi
Emperor Gao of Southern Qi ((南)齊高帝; 427– 11 April 482), personal name Xiao Daocheng (蕭道成), courtesy name Shaobo (紹伯), childhood name Doujiang (鬥將), was the founding emperor of the Southern Qi dynasty of China. He served as a general under the preceding dynasty Liu Song's Emperor Ming and Emperor Houfei. In 477, fearful that the young, cruel Emperor Houfei would kill him, he assassinated Emperor Houfei and seized power, eventually taking the throne in 479 to start Southern Qi.
Quasar Data Products
Quasar Data Products Inc. (QDP), later QDP Computer Systems Inc., was an American computer company based in 1979 in North Olmsted, Ohio, United States. The company was founded by Brian A. Catalucci and Dave L. Kelley, the former a trained engineer who had previously worked as an airline pilot.

From the late 1970s to the mid-1980s, Quasar sold various after-market expansions for S-100-based computers. They also sold their own line of computers, called the QDP series, beginning in 1980. These QDP computers were popular among the U.S. Navy for their reliability, and Quasar tapped into this military demand by making further entries in the series field-hardened. The company pivoted to manufacturing high-spec graphics cards for the IBM PC before going defunct in 1989.

S-100 bus
The S-100 bus or Altair bus, later standardized as IEEE 696-1983 (inactive-withdrawn), is an early computer bus designed in 1974 as a part of the Altair 8800. The S-100 bus was the first industry-standard expansion bus for the microcomputer industry. S-100 computers, consisting of processor and peripheral cards, were produced by a number of manufacturers.  The S-100 bus formed the basis for homebrew computers whose builders (e.g., the Homebrew Computer Club) implemented drivers for CP/M and MP/M.  These S-100 microcomputers ran the gamut from hobbyist toy to small business workstation and were common in early home computers until the advent of the IBM PC.
Alexey Kamnev
Alexey Nikolayevich Kamnev (Russian: Алексе́й Никола́евич Ка́мнев; born 16 August 1979 in Leningrad, RSFSR, USSR) is a Russian curler.

At the national level he is a four-time Russian men's champion curler (2005, 2006, 2008, 2011), 2013 Russian mixed doubles champion curler and 2008 Russian mixed champion curler.

Russian Mixed Doubles Curling Championship
The Russian Mixed Doubles Curling Championship (Russian: Чемпионат России по кёрлингу среди смешанных пар, Первенство России по кёрлингу среди смешанных пар, Чемпионат России по кёрлингу в дисциплине дабл-микст) are the annual national curling championships for mixed doubles curling in Russia. As of 2024, the event consisted of thirty-two teams participating in a preliminary round robin and a single-knockout playoff.
EverBank Center
EverBank Center is a skyscraper in Jacksonville, Florida, with naming rights owned by  EverBank, the anchor tenant. Standing 447 feet (136 m) tall, it ranked third on the list of tallest buildings in Jacksonville, and is the largest in terms of class "A" rentable area with 956,201 sq ft (88,834.0 m2). The building was formerly known as the Southern Bell Telephone Building, the AT&T Tower, and TIAA Bank Center.

It takes up an entire city block in Downtown Jacksonville. The building was built by The Auchter Company. A notable feature of the structure is that each floor has 16 corner offices.

The entrance to the building features a two-story atrium. There is a 280-seat auditorium on the second level and a backup power system for the entire building. The JTA Skyway central station is across the street and an adjoining seven-level parking garage has spaces for 641 vehicles.

EverBank
EverBank is an American diversified financial services company providing banking and investment services, primarily via a direct bank. It is based in Jacksonville, Florida. It is owned by funds managed by Stone Point Capital, Warburg Pincus, Reverence Capital Partners, Sixth Street Partners, and Bayview Asset Management as well as TIAA. It is on the list of largest banks in the United States.

Since 2010, the company has owned the naming rights to EverBank Stadium, under an agreement scheduled to expire in 2024.
The Apostle (2012 film)
The Apostle (Galician: O Apóstolo) is a 2012 Spanish adult stop-motion animated fantasy horror film written and directed by Fernando Cortizo (in his directorial debut). Produced by Artefact Productions, it stars Carlos Blanco Vila, Paul Naschy, Jorge Sanz, Geraldine Chaplin and Luis Tosar. It was the last film starring Naschy, who died in November 2009. Released in Spanish cinemas on 31 October 2012 by Film Arante and Coven Distribution, the critically acclaimed film received a limited theatrical release to qualify for Awards consideration.

Claymation
Claymation, sometimes called clay animation or plasticine animation, is one of many forms of stop-motion animation. Each animated piece, either character or background, is "deformable"—made of a malleable substance, usually plasticine clay.

Traditional animation, from cel animation to stop motion, is produced by recording each frame, or still picture, on film or digital media, and then playing the recorded frames back in rapid succession before the viewer.  These and other moving images, from zoetrope to films and video games, create the illusion of motion by playing back at over ten to twelve frames per second.
Ulyanovsk Oblast
Ulyanovsk Oblast (Russian: Ульяновская область, romanized: Ulyanovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It is located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Ulyanovsk. It has a population of 1,292,799 (2010 Census).

The area of Ulyanovsk Oblast corresponds to the former Simbirsk Governorate which formerly existed as an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, replacing the Simbirsk Viceroyalty from 1796 and later, Bolshevik Russia. The governorate was renamed to Ulyanovsk Governorate, in honor of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov), for whom he was born in Simbirsk after his death in 1924. In 1928, Ulyanovsk became an okrug and the present day Ulyanovsk Oblast was formed in 1943 merging some parts of Kuybyshev and Penza Oblasts.

Penza Oblast
Penza Oblast (Russian: Пензенская область, IPA: [ˈpʲenzʲɪnskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Penza. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,266,348. It was formed in 1939 on the territory detached from neighboring Tambov Oblast.
Mumtaz Hussain (officer)
Mumtaz Hussain HI(M) TBt is a retired two-star general in Pakistan Army, who lastly served as Director General of Personal Pakistan Ordnance Factories, assigned at Wah Cantonment, before retiring in 2025.

Wah Cantonment
Wah Cantt (Punjabi: واہ چھاونی; Urdu: واہ کینٹ) (officially known as Wah Cantonment) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan. It is the 17th most populous city in Punjab and 24th most populous city in Pakistan with a population of 400,733 people It is located on the historic Grand Trunk Road. It has one of the highest literacy rates in Pakistan, likely exceeding 99%. It spans over 14,433 Acres or 58 square kilometers.

It was termed as a "Model Education City" by Shaukat Aziz, former Prime Mnister of Pakistan. The city is located on the Potohar Plateau, and is located 30 km (19 mi) northwest of the Islamabad-Rawalpindi Metrolpolitan Area, and is neighbouring to the historic city of Taxila, which is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Jordan Mims
Jordan Mims (born June 16, 1999) is an American professional football running back. He played college football for the Fresno State Bulldogs and signed with the Buffalo Bills as an undrafted free agent in 2023. Mims has also played for the New Orleans Saints.

Fresno State Bulldogs football
The Fresno State Bulldogs football team represents California State University, Fresno, in NCAA Division I FBS college football as a member of the Mountain West Conference (Pac-12 Conference in 2026). The green "V" on the Bulldogs' helmets, uniforms, and playing field symbolizes California's Central Valley, specifically the San Joaquin Valley, the agricultural valley from which they draw their support.
2024 Next Gen ATP Finals
The 2024 Next Gen ATP Finals was a men's exhibition tennis tournament for the eight highest-ranked singles players on the 2024 ATP Tour who are aged 20 and under. It was held from 18 December to 22 December 2024 at King Abdullah Sports City in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

This was the first tournament to be played under the new rules which included lowering the age threshold from 21-and-under to 20-and-under.

João Fonseca defeated Learner Tien, 2–4, 4–3(10–8), 4–0, 4–2 to win the title. Ranked as the world No. 145 that time, Fonseca became the lowest ranked champion in the tournament's history.

Hamad Medjedovic was the reigning champion but was ineligible to defend his title due to his age.

2024 ATP Tour
The 2024 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2024 tennis season. The 2024 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Finals, the ATP Masters 1000, the United Cup (organized with the WTA), the ATP 500 series and the ATP 250 series. Also included in the 2024 calendar are the Davis Cup (organised by the ITF), the Summer Olympics in Paris, Next Gen ATP Finals and Laver Cup, none of which distribute ranking points.

Jannik Sinner finished the year as world No. 1 for the first time in his career. He won eight tournaments during the season, including two majors at the Australian Open and US Open, as well as the ATP Finals. He also won three ATP Masters 1000 events.
Alexander Zaitchik
Alexander Zaitchik is an American freelance journalist who writes on politics, media, and the environment. He has written for The Nation, The New Republic, the Intercept, Rolling Stone, the Guardian, Foreign Policy, the Baffler, the International Herald Tribune, Wired, the San Francisco Chronicle, and The Believer, among others. He was a staff writer and editor at the New York Press, the eXile in Moscow, and was the founding editor at the Prague Pill, an alternative newspaper in the Czech Republic.

The Intercept
The Intercept is an American left-wing nonprofit news organization that publishes articles and podcasts online. The Intercept has published in English since its founding in 2014, and in Portuguese since the 2016 launch of the Brazilian edition. It has been noted for its pro-Palestinian coverage.

Notable events in the organization's history include the Juan M. Thompson scandal, in which an Intercept reporter was accused of fabricating quotes and inventing sources, and the Reality Winner controversy, in which The Intercept's mishandling of anonymously submitted government materials was said to have exposed the military contractor as a source and led to her arrest.
Earl Finch
Earl Pierce Finch (October 27, 1830 – June 11, 1888) was an American lawyer, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was the 33rd speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and represented the city of Oshkosh.

Oshkosh, Wisconsin
Oshkosh (/ˈɒʃkɒʃ/ ⓘ) is a city in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located on the western shore of Lake Winnebago, adjacent to the much less populous Town of Oshkosh in the north. The population was 66,816 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth-most populous city in Wisconsin. The Oshkosh metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Winnebago County, had 171,730 residents. Oshkosh is included in the greater Fox Cities region of Wisconsin.
Walther Oberhaidacher
Walther Philipp Anton Oberhaidacher (22 September 1896 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian Nazi who was the Gauleiter of Styria and a Reichstag deputy in Nazi Germany. He was also an SS-Brigadeführer who served as the Police President in Bochum and Dresden.

Gauleiter
A Gauleiter (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʊlaɪtɐ] ⓘ) was a regional leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) who served as the head of a Gau or Reichsgau. Gauleiter was the third-highest rank in the Nazi political leadership, subordinate only to Reichsleiter and to the Führer himself. The position was effectively abolished with the fall of the Nazi regime on 8 May 1945.
Jim Cullum Jr.
James Albert Cullum Jr., better known as Jim Cullum Jr. (September 20, 1941 – August 11, 2019), was an American jazz cornetist known for his contributions to Dixieland jazz. His father was Jim Cullum Sr., a clarinetist who led the Happy Jazz Band from 1962 to 1973. Jim Cullum Jr. led the Jim Cullum Jazz Band as its successor. His band mates included Evan Christopher, Allan Vaché, and John Sheridan.

Cornet
The cornet (/ˈkɔːrnɪt/, US: /kɔːrˈnɛt/) is a brass instrument similar to the trumpet but distinguished from it by its conical bore, more compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B♭. There is also a soprano cornet in E♭ and cornets in A and C. All are unrelated to the Renaissance and early Baroque cornett.
Mazarek (vojvoda)
Mazarek (Serbian: Мазарек; fl. 1414–23) was an Albanian nobleman and general in the service of the Serbian Despotate, with the title of vojvoda. At the beginning of the 15th century he was the governor of Rudnik and Ostrvica in Serbia. He was one of the commanders of Serbian troops during the Second Scutari War (1419–23) between Serbia and Venice. After death of Balša III in 1421 Mazarek was appointed the governor of Zeta.

Serbian Despotate
The Serbian Despotate (Serbian: Српска деспотовина / Srpska despotovina) was a medieval Serbian state in the first half of the 15th century. Although the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 is mistakenly considered the end of medieval Serbia, the Despotate, a successor of the Serbian Empire and Moravian Serbia, lasted for another 70 years, experiencing a cultural, economic, and political renaissance, especially during the reign of Despot Stefan Lazarević. After the death of Despot Đurađ Branković in 1456, the Despotate continued to exist for another three years before it finally fell under Ottoman rule in 1459.

After 1459, political traditions of the Serbian Despotate continued to exist in exile, in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, with several titular despots of Serbia, who were appointed by kings of Hungary. The last titular Despot of Serbia was Pavle Bakić, who fell in the Battle of Gorjani in 1537.
Pacificanthia consors
Pacificanthia consors, also known as the brown leatherwing beetle, is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae. It is found in North America, mainly in California. Adults are 14-19 mm in length. They are orange with brown wing covers, and the legs are reddish with black markings. Adults are mostly commonly on the wing in April and May. Adult beetles and their larva both spend most of their time in plant litter where they prey on other soil fauna.

Soldier beetle
The soldier beetles (Cantharidae) are relatively soft-bodied, straight-sided beetles. They are cosmopolitan in distribution. One of the first described species has a color pattern reminiscent of the red coats of early British soldiers, hence the common name. They are also known commonly as leatherwings because of their soft elytra.

Historically, these beetles were placed in a superfamily "Cantharoidea", which has been subsumed by the superfamily Elateroidea; the name is still sometimes used as a rankless grouping, including the families Cantharidae, Lampyridae, Lycidae, Omethidae (which includes Telegeusidae), Phengodidae, and Rhagophthalmidae.

Soldier beetles often feed on nectar and pollen as well as predating other small insects. The larvae are caterpillar like, dark colored, active and covered in fine hairs, earning them the name velvet worms. They feed on the ground and in foliage hunting eggs, small insects, snails and other small creatures.
Pililla Church
The Diocesan Shrine and Parish of Saint Mary Magdalene, commonly known as Pililla Church, is a Roman Catholic church located in the municipality of Pililla, Rizal, Philippines. It is under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Antipolo. The church was built by the Franciscans in 1583, under the patronage of Saint Mary Magdalene. It is a few kilometers away from San Ildefonso Parish Church, a historical church in Tanay.

On January 16, 1977, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines unveiled the historical marker of St. Mary Magdalene Parish Church.

On July 22, 2018, the parish church was declared a diocesan shrine.

National Historical Commission of the Philippines
The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural heritage through research, dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works." As such, it "aims to inculcate awareness and appreciation of the noble deeds and ideals of our heroes and other illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the Filipino people and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the lessons of history."
House of Cards (Madina Lake song)
"House of Cards" is a song by Chicago-based rock band Madina Lake and is the fourth track on their debut album From Them, Through Us, To You, released in March 2007. It was also featured on the bands EP, The Disappearance of Adalia. It briefly charted on the Billboard Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart, peaking at number 38.

Madina Lake
Madina Lake is an American rock band formed in Chicago, Illinois, United States, in 2005. The band released their debut album, From Them, Through Us, to You, through Roadrunner Records on March 27, 2007. Madina Lake won Best International Newcomer at the Kerrang! Awards 2007. The group disbanded in September 2013 before reuniting in February 2017.
Leyser Levin
Leyser Levin (23 April 1829 – 26 January 1908) was a Prussian-born Australian businessman and politician.

Levin emigrated to Melbourne with his family in 1855.  In the early 1860s he established a storekeeping business at the newly-formed township of Rutherglen.  In 1866 he purchased a store at nearby Wahgunyah on the Murray River and by the early 1870s he had established his business at Corowa, opposite Wahgunyah on the New South Wales side of the river.  For over forty years Levin was a prominent local businessman and active in the progress of the district on both sides of the border, including a period as a local member in the New South Wales parliament from 1880 to 1885.

Electoral district of Hume
Hume was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales established in 1859 in the Albury area, named after Hamilton Hume. It did not include the town of Albury after the creation of the electoral district of Albury in 1880. From 1880 to 1894, it elected two members. Following federation, the 1903 NSW referendum decided that the Legislative was to be reduced from 125 to 90 members and in 1904 Hume was abolished and partly replaced by Corowa with the balance absorbed into Albury.