hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
San (letter)
]........ΑΝ ΑΝΤΑΣ⁞ΧΑ.[
]....ΚΕΑΣ⁞ΑΝΓΑΡΙΟΣ[
]...ΑΥϜΙΟΣ⁞ΣΟΚΛΕΣ⁞[
].ΤΙΔΑΣ⁞ΑΜΥΝΤΑΣ[
]ΤΟΙ ΜΑΛΕϘΟ⁞ΚΑΙ.[

San (Ϻ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. Its shape can be described as a sigma (Σ) turned sideways. It was used as an alternative to sigma to denote the sound /s/. Unlike sigma, whose position in the alphabet is between rho and tau, san appeared between pi and koppa in alphabetic order. In addition to denoting the archaic character, the name "san" also came to be used for sigma itself.

Koppa
Koppa or Qoppa (uppercase: Ϙ, lowercase: ϙ, numeral: ϟ) is a letter that was used in early forms of the Greek alphabet, derived from Phoenician qoph (𐤒). It was originally used to denote the /k/ sound, but dropped out of use as an alphabetic character and replaced by kappa (Κ). It has remained in use as a numeral symbol (90) in the system of Greek numerals, although with a modified shape. Koppa is the source of Latin Q, as well as the Cyrillic numeral sign of the same name (koppa).
Quilter plc
Quilter plc, formerly known as Old Mutual Wealth Management Limited, is a British multinational wealth management company formed to take over the UK wealth management business of Old Mutual plc after its separation of business. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. The stock has a secondary listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE).

JSE Limited
The JSE Limited (previously the JSE Securities Exchange and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, and commonly referred to as the JSE) is a stock exchange in South Africa, and the largest in Africa by market capitalization. It has been located in Sandton, Gauteng, since it moved from Johannesburg CBD in 2000.

As of January 2026, the JSE had a market capitalization of R24.22 trillion (roughly €1.27 trillion / £1.1 trillion / $1.48 trillion), and a total of 431 listed companies. In the same month, the FTSE/JSE All-Share Index (ALSI) hit 100,000 points - the highest since its foundation.

The JSE accounts for around 60% of Africa's total equity market value, with large, liquid, globally-integrated companies across numerous economic sectors. In terms of market cap, it is larger than the next nine ranking African stock exchanges combined.
Andrew Fyfe (chemist)
Professor Andrew Fyfe FRSE FRCSE PRSSA PRMS (18 January 1792 – 31 December 1861) was a Scottish surgeon and chemist. Following early studies on Fox Talbot's newly created photographic techniques he was one of the first (1839) to work out the theory behind positive rather than negative prints. He had an amateur interest in photography but appears not to have pursued his own theories (later very important in the creation of moving images) and limited his experiments to ferns lying on chemical papers.

Thomas Charles Hope
Thomas Charles Hope FRSE FRS PRCPE FFPSG (21 July 1766 – 13 June 1844) was a Scottish physician, chemist and lecturer. He proved the existence of the element strontium, and gave his name to Hope's Experiment, which shows that water reaches its maximum density at 4 °C (39 °F).

In 1815 Hope was elected as president of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (1815–19), and as vice-president of Royal Society of Edinburgh (1823–33) during the presidencies of Walter Scott and Thomas Makdougall Brisbane.

Charles Darwin was one of Hope's students at the college, and Darwin viewed his chemistry lectures as highlights in his otherwise largely dull education at the university.
Mwerlap language
Mwerlap is an Oceanic language spoken in the south of the Banks Islands in Vanuatu.

Its 1,100 speakers live mostly in Merelava and Merig, but a fair proportion have also settled on the east coast of Gaua island. Besides, a number of Mwerlap speakers live in the two cities of Vanuatu, Port Vila and Luganville.

The language has been studied by Alexandre François, and more recently by Agnès Henri.

Oceanic languages
The Oceanic languages are a branch of the Austronesian languages comprising some 450 languages spoken in Polynesia, Micronesia and Melanesia. Though covering a vast area, Oceanic languages are estimated to have only two million native speakers. The largest individual Oceanic languages are Eastern Fijian with over 600,000 speakers, and Samoan with an estimated 400,000 speakers. The Gilbertese (Kiribati), Tongan, Tahitian, Māori and Tolai (Gazelle Peninsula) languages each have over 100,000 speakers. The common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages is called Proto-Oceanic (abbr. "POc").
Samuel Jones (general)
Samuel Jones (December 17, 1819 – July 31, 1887) was a major general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. At the midpoint of the war, he commanded the Department of Western Virginia, defending the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad and the vital salt mines. Later he commanded the district of South Carolina.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Shashanka Koirala
Shashank Koirala (Nepali: शशांक कोइराला; born 24 October 1958) is a Nepalese politician and Member of House of Representatives, belonging to the political dynasty of Koirala family. Shashanka is also a renowned ophthalmologist.

Koirala family
Koirala family (Nepali: कोइराला परिवार) is one of the most prominent political families of Nepal. The Koirala family are Kanyakubja Bahuns or Hill Brahmins. and were inhabitants of Dumja village in the Sindhuli district of the Bagmati Province of Nepal.Most of them also live in Jhapa.The Koiralas are also known for their charismatic nature, which helped them succeed in their political careers and influence people to join their revolution against the system.

Krishna Prasad Koirala, a Rana-era socio-political activist, was exiled to Bihar, India by then Prime Minister Maharaja Chandra Sumsher. Four members of the family, including three brothers (Matrika Prasad Koirala, B. P. Koirala and Girija Prasad Koirala) and their maternal cousin Sushil Koirala, have been Prime Ministers of Nepal.
United States v. Rahimi
United States v. Rahimi, 602 U.S. 680 (2024), was a United States Supreme Court case regarding the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution and whether it empowers the government to prohibit firearm possession by a person with a civil domestic violence restraining order in the absence of a corresponding criminal domestic violence conviction or charge.

It came from a 2023 decision by the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals invalidating a federal law prohibiting individuals from possessing firearms while under a restraining order relating to domestic abuse. The Supreme Court reversed the 5th Circuit in an 8–1 ruling and upheld the law. In its decision, the Court refined the Bruen test, stating that in comparing modern gun control laws to historic tradition, courts should use similar analogues and general principles rather than strict matches.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (in case citations, 5th Cir.) is one of the 13 United States courts of appeals. It has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:

Eastern District of Louisiana

Middle District of Louisiana

Western District of Louisiana

Northern District of Mississippi

Southern District of Mississippi

Eastern District of Texas

Northern District of Texas

Southern District of Texas

Western District of Texas

The Fifth Circuit has 17 active judgeships, and is headquartered at the John Minor Wisdom United States Court of Appeals Building in New Orleans, Louisiana, with the clerk's office located at the F. Edward Hebert Federal Building in New Orleans.

Originally, the Fifth Circuit also included the federal district courts in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. In 1981, the district courts for those states were transferred to the newly created U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
Premiere Stakes
The Premiere Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 2 Thoroughbred horse race at Weight for Age for three-year-olds and older run over a distance of 1200 metres at Randwick Racecourse, Sydney, Australia.  Prize money is A$1,000,000.

Australian Turf Club
Australian Turf Club (ATC) owns and operates thoroughbred racing, events and hospitality venues across Sydney, Australia. The ATC came into being on 7 February 2011 when the Australian Jockey Club (AJC) and the Sydney Turf Club (STC) merged. The ATC primarily operates out of their offices at Randwick Racecourse and employs approximately 270 full-time staff and over 1,000 casual staff across the five venues. The venues include Randwick, Rosehill Gardens, Canterbury Park, Warwick Farm and the Rosehill Bowling Club.
Richwood, Western Cape
Richwood is a suburb of Cape Town, South Africa, situated in the city's Northern Suburbs region. The area is located around 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north-east of Cape Town CBD, alongside the N7 freeway.

According to the 2011 census Richwood has a population of 2,988 individuals, residing a total of 963 households.

The suburb's name is a portmanteau of "Richmond Park" and "Goodwood".

N7 (South Africa)
The N7 is a national route in South Africa that runs from Cape Town northwards through the West Coast and Namaqualand regions to the Namibian border at Vioolsdrif. It is known as the Cape Namibia Road. After crossing the border, it changes designation to B1 and runs north through Windhoek and the north of Namibia.

The N7 national route forms the first section of the Tripoli-Cape Town Highway, which is a proposed link between Cape Town and Tripoli, the capital city of Libya, being developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), the African Development Bank (AfDB) and the African Union.
Iswahjudi Air Force Base
Iswahjudi Air Force Base, Iswahjudi Airport, Iswahjudi Airbase or Iswahyudi is an airbase operated by the Indonesian Air Force. It is the main base of several fighter squadrons.

The airbase is located at Maospati, Magetan, near the city of Madiun on the west side of East Javan's capital Surabaya. It is named after Iswahjudi, an Indonesian Air Force officer who, together with Halim Perdanakusuma, was killed in an air crash while returning to Indonesia from Thailand in 1947.

Magetan Regency
Magetan Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of East Java Province, Indonesia. It is an inland regency, and lies in the west of the province, adjoining Central Java Province. It covered an area of 688.84 km2 and had a population of 620,442 at the 2010 Census and 670,812 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid-2024 was 692,800 (comprising 340,213 males and 352,587 females). The administrative headquarters is in the town of Magetan.

The poet Iman Budhi Santosa and L. J. A. Schoonheyt, the camp doctor at Boven-Digoel concentration camp in the 1930s, were born there.
Mountain Division
The Mountain Division (later the Mountain Subdivision) is a railroad line that was once owned and operated by the Maine Central Railroad (MEC). It stretches from Portland, Maine on the Atlantic Ocean, through the Western Maine Mountains and White Mountains of New Hampshire, ending at St. Johnsbury, Vermont in the Northeast Kingdom. The line was abandoned in 1983 by MEC's successor, Guilford Transportation Industries (GTI) (now CSX Corporation). Guilford retained a stub between Portland and Westbrook. A section in New Hampshire remains in use by heritage railway Conway Scenic Railroad.

St. Johnsbury, Vermont
St. Johnsbury (known locally as "St. J") is the shire town (county seat) of Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,364. St. Johnsbury is situated on the Passumpsic River and is located approximately six miles northwest of the Connecticut River and 48 miles (77 km) south of the Canada–U.S. border.

St. Johnsbury is the largest town by population in the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont and has long served as a commercial center for the region. The more densely settled southern one-third of the town is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the St. Johnsbury census-designated place, where over 81% of the population resides.
Freeport–Roslyn Expressway
The Freeport–Roslyn Expressway (also known as the Freeport–Roslyn Express Highway) was a proposed north–south controlled-access highway, that would have run between Freeport and East Hills – in the vicinity of Roslyn – in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States.

The highway was cancelled due to community opposition and associated highway revolts. Instead, the Meadowbrook State Parkway, which originally had its northern terminus on the Freeport-Merrick border, was extended to Carle Place, where it meets the Northern State Parkway at the Westbury Interchange.

Roslyn, New York
Roslyn (/ˈrɒzlɪn/ ROZ-lin) is a village in the Town of North Hempstead in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It is the Greater Roslyn area's anchor community. The population was 2,988 at the time of the 2020 census.
Club Atlético San Telmo
Club Atlético San Telmo is an Argentine sports club located in the neighbourhood of San Telmo, in the City of Buenos Aires. The club is mostly known for its football team, which currently plays in Primera Nacional, the second division of the Argentine football league system.

Apart from football, other sports practised at San Telmo are basketball, boxing, field hockey, futsal, handball, martial arts, and artistic roller skating.

Argentine football league system
The Argentine football league system include tournaments organised by the Argentine Football Association. Clubs affiliated to the body compete in the tournaments, which are split into categories or divisions.

Rules establish a system of promotion and relegation, a process where teams are transferred between two divisions based on their performance for the completed season. The best-ranked team or teams in the lower division are promoted to the higher division for the next season, and the worst-ranked team or teams in the higher division are relegated to the lower division for the next season.
Logistic Regiment "Pozzuolo del Friuli"
The Logistic Regiment "Pozzuolo del Friuli" (Italian: Reggimento Logistico "Pozzuolo del Friuli") is a military logistics regiment of the Italian Army based in Remanzacco in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The battalion was formed in 1976 as Logistic Battalion "Mantova" and assigned to the Mechanized Division "Mantova". After the division was disbanded in 1986 the battalion was reorganized as a corps logistic battalion, renamed 8th Maneuver Logistic Battalion "Carso" and assigned to the 5th Army Corps. In 1994, the battalion was reorganized as 8th Maneuver Logistic Regiment "Carso". Today the regiment is the logistic unit of the Cavalry Brigade "Pozzuolo del Friuli". The regiment's anniversary falls, as for all units of the Italian Army's Transport and Materiel Corps, on 22 May, the anniversary of the Royal Italian Army's first major use of automobiles to transport reinforcements to the Asiago plateau to counter the Austro-Hungarian Asiago Offensive in May 1916.

Mechanized Brigade "Mantova"
The Mechanized Brigade "Mantova" was a mechanized brigade of the Italian Army. Its core units were mechanized infantry battalions. The brigade's headquarters was in the city of Udine and all the brigade's units were based in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia. In 2003, the "Mantova" was raised again as a division command.
July 2013 Southeastern United States floods
The 2013 Southeastern United States floods were ongoing flooding across  the southeastern U.S. Flash floods began on the morning of July 2 and continued through Independence Day and into the next day. The hardest-hit areas as of Friday afternoon are the Florida Panhandle, northwest Alabama and the area around Columbus, Mississippi. A plume of tropical moisture caused heavy rain to train over the same areas, for more than 36 hours in some cases, leading to flash flooding.

The system also caused sporadic damaging winds and one tornado in Destin, Florida.

Columbus, Mississippi
Columbus is a city in and the county seat of Lowndes County, on the eastern border of Mississippi, United States, located primarily east, but also north and northeast of the Tombigbee River, which is also part of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. It is approximately 146 miles (235 km) northeast of Jackson, 92 miles (148 km) north of Meridian, 63 miles (101 km) south of Tupelo, 60 miles (97 km) northwest of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and 120 miles (193 km) west of Birmingham, Alabama.

As of the 2020 census, Columbus had a population of 24,084. Columbus is the principal city of the Columbus Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Columbus-West Point Combined Statistical Area. Columbus is also part of the area of Mississippi called The Golden Triangle, consisting of Columbus, West Point and Starkville, in the counties of Lowndes, Clay and Oktibbeha.  Schools include Mississippi University for Women and Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science.
Yuna Manase
Yuna Suzuki (鈴木友菜, Suzuki Yūna; born November 11, 1987), better know by her ring name Yuna Manase (まなせゆうな, Manase Yūna), is a Japanese professional wrestler, working as a freelancer and is best known for her tenure with the Japanese promotion Tokyo Joshi Pro Wrestling. She also works as a coach and trained various wrestlers such as Natsumi Maki, Tam Nakano and Saori Anou.

Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling
Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling (東京女子プロレス, Tōkyō Joshi Puroresu; TJPW) is a Japanese joshi puroresu or women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2012 as a sister promotion of DDT Pro-Wrestling. Initially running alongside other shows such as live music and other idol performances, it became its own standalone promotion starting on February 28, 2015.

As of 2024, TJPW is promoted under the CyberFight banner as a sister promotion to both DDT Pro-Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Noah.
Blu-ray Disc Association
Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA) is the industry consortium that develops and licenses Blu-ray technology and is responsible for establishing format standards and promoting business opportunities for Blu-ray Disc. The BDA is divided into three levels of membership: the board of directors, contributors, and general members.

The "Blu-ray Disc founder group" was started on 20 May 2002 by nine electronic companies: Panasonic, Pioneer, Philips, Thomson, LG Electronics, Hitachi, Sharp, Samsung Electronics and Sony.
In order to enable more companies to participate, it announced in May 2004 that it would form the Blu-ray Disc Association, which was inaugurated on 4 October 2004.

Pioneer Corporation
Pioneer Corporation (パイオニア株式会社, Paionia Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese multinational corporation based in Tokyo, that specializes in vehicle audio products. It works with optical disc and display technology and software products and is also a manufacturer.

Pioneer played a role in the development of interactive cable TV, the LaserDisc player, the first automotive CD player, the first detachable face car stereo, Supertuner technology, DVD and DVD recording, the first AV receiver with Dolby Digital, plasma display (with the last 2 years of plasma models being branded as Kuro, lauded for their outstanding black levels) and Organic LED display (OLED).

Founded by Nozomu Matsumoto in January 1938 in Tokyo as a radio and speaker repair shop, its current president is Shiro Yahara. For a period of time, the majority of its shares were held by Mitsubishi, while a 3% stake in Pioneer was held by Here B.V., a joint venture of BMW, Volkswagen Group and Daimler AG.
M. Son of the Century
M: Son of the Century (Italian: M. Il figlio del secolo) is a 2018 historical novel by Antonio Scurati. It is the first novel in a pentalogy recounting the rise of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. It was a bestseller and was awarded the prestigious Strega Prize.

Pentalogy
A pentalogy (from Greek πεντα- penta-, "five" and -λογία -logia, "discourse") is a compound literary or narrative work that is explicitly divided into five parts. Although modern use of the word implies both that the parts are reasonably self-contained and that the structure was intended by the author, historically, neither was necessarily true: in fact, a pentalogia could be assembled by a later editor, just as Plotinus's Enneads were arranged in nines by Porphyry in order to create an overarching structure of six which would express the idea of perfection.
Michael Cox (police officer)
Michael A. Cox Sr. (born June 17, 1965) is an American police officer, currently serving as the commissioner of the Boston Police Department. He previously was the chief of police in Ann Arbor, Michigan, from 2019 until 2022.

Cox was raised in the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston. Before being appointed Ann Arbor's police chief in 2019, Cox served approximately 30 years as an officer in the Boston Police Department. In 1995, Cox (working in plainclothes) was mistaken by fellow officers for a suspect during a chase, and was seriously beaten by fellow officers in a notable police brutality incident. Cox reached a financial settlement with the department and continued to work as an officer. He worked his way up to Superintendent, the second-highest rank in the department, before departing for Ann Arbor in 2019. He returned to Boston in 2022 to serve as the city's police chief.

Police brutality
Police brutality is the excessive and unwarranted use of force by law enforcement against an individual or a group. It is an extreme form of police misconduct and is a civil rights violation. Police brutality includes, but is not limited to, asphyxiation, beatings, shootings, improper takedowns, racially-motivated violence and unwarranted use of tasers.
Four corners (Canada)
The four corners (French: Quatre coins) is a quadripoint near 60°N 102°W﻿ / ﻿60°N 102°W﻿ / 60; -102﻿ (Four corners (Canada) approximately) where four Canadian provinces or territories meet. These are the provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan and the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. It came into being with the creation of Nunavut on April 1, 1999.

Quadripoint
A quadripoint is a point on Earth where four distinct political territories meet. The territories can be of different types, such as national and provincial. In North America, several such places are commonly known as Four Corners. Several examples exist throughout the world that use other names.
KBUA
KBUA 94.3 FM, San Fernando, California, KBUE 105.5 FM, Long Beach, California, and KEBN 94.3 FM, Garden Grove, California, are a trimulcast comprising Que Buena 105.5–94.3 FM, a Spanish language regional Mexican music station owned by MediaCo.

Garden Grove, California
Garden Grove is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. The population was 171,949 at the 2020 census. State Route 22, also known as the Garden Grove Freeway, passes through the city in an east–west direction. The western portion of the city is known as West Garden Grove.