hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Needle sharing
Needle sharing is the practice of intravenous drug-users by which a needle or syringe is shared by multiple individuals to administer intravenous drugs such as heroin, steroids, and hormones. This is a primary vector for blood-borne diseases which can be transmitted through blood (blood-borne pathogens). People who inject drugs (PWID) are at an increased risk for Hepatitis C (HCV) and HIV due to needle sharing practices. From 1933 to 1943, malaria was spread between users in the New York City area by this method. Afterwards, the use of quinine as a cutting agent in drug mixes became more common. Harm reduction efforts including safe disposal of needles, supervised injection sites, and public education may help bring awareness on safer needle sharing practices.

Needle and syringe programmes
A needle and syringe programme (NSP), also known as needle exchange program (NEP), is a social service that allows injection drug users (IDUs) to obtain clean and unused hypodermic needles and associated paraphernalia at little or no cost. It is based on the philosophy of harm reduction that attempts to reduce the risk factors for blood-borne diseases such as HIV/AIDS and hepatitis.
Katherine Hall Page
Katherine Hall Page (born July 7, 1947) is an American writer of cozy mysteries. Page has written twenty-five books in her Faith Fairchild series and four Christie and Company juvenile mysteries. Between 1990 and 2005, Page won three Agatha Awards. She was nominated for two Edgar Awards and a Macavity Award during this time period. In 2024, Hall became a Grand Master at the Edgar Awards. Outside of writing, Page worked in special education between the 1960s to 1980s.

Macavity Awards
The Macavity Awards, established in 1987, are a group of literary awards presented annually to mystery writers. Nominated and voted upon annually by the members of the Mystery Readers International, the award is named for the "mystery cat" of T. S. Eliot's Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats. The award is given in four categories—best novel, best first novel, best nonfiction, and best short story. The Sue Feder Historical Mystery has been given in conjunction with the Macavity Awards.
Progress: Ten Reasons to Look Forward to the Future
Progress: Ten Reasons to Look Forward to the Future is a 2016 book by Swedish writer Johan Norberg (a Senior Fellow of the libertarian Cato Institute), which promotes globalization, free trade and the notion of progress. In it, Norberg develops his ideas published previously in In Defense of Global Capitalism (2001).

Progress
Progress is movement towards a perceived refined, improved, or otherwise desired state. It is central to the philosophy of progressivism, which interprets progress as the set of advancements in technology, science, and social organization – the latter being generally achieved through direct societal action, as in social enterprise or through activism, but being also attainable through natural sociocultural evolution – that progressivism holds all human societies should strive towards.

The concept of progress was introduced in the early-19th-century social theories, especially social evolution as described by Auguste Comte and Herbert Spencer. It was present in the Enlightenment's philosophies of history. As a goal, social progress has been advocated by varying realms of political ideologies with different theories on how it is to be achieved.
Jeremy Anderson (artist)
Jeremy Radcliffe Anderson (October 10, 1921 – June 19, 1982), was an American artist and educator, known for his wood sculptures. He was an influential mid-century fine art figure in San Francisco, California; and taught classes at San Francisco Art Institute.

San Francisco Art Institute
San Francisco Art Institute (SFAI) was a private college of contemporary art in San Francisco, California. Founded in 1871, SFAI was one of the oldest art schools in the United States and the oldest west of the Mississippi River. Approximately 220 undergraduates and 112 graduate students were enrolled in 2021. The institution was accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) and the National Association of Schools of Art and Design (NASAD), and was a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design (AICAD). The school closed permanently in July 2022.
Moana Manley
Moana Nui-a-Kiwa Hinemoa Whaanga (née Manley; 28 October 1935 – 15 November 2017) was a New Zealand swimmer and beauty pageant winner. In 1954, she became the first Māori to win the Miss New Zealand title.

Miss Universe New Zealand
Miss Universe New Zealand is a national beauty pageant in New Zealand which selects the delegates to participate in the international Miss Universe competition. Qualification for Miss Universe New Zealand is based on regional pageants and/or personal interviews (necessary due to lack of regional pageant in some areas).
USNS Capable
USNS Capable (T-AGOS-16) was a Stalwart-class modified tactical auxiliary general ocean surveillance ship of the United States Navy in service from 1989 to 2004. In 2008, she was commissioned into service in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as the oceanographic research ship NOAAS Okeanos Explorer (R 337).

Stalwart-class ocean surveillance ship
The Stalwart-class auxiliary general ocean surveillance ships (T-AGOS) are a class of United States Naval Ship (USNS) auxiliary support ocean surveillance ships commissioned between April 1984 and October 2000. Their original purpose was to collect underwater acoustical information using the Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System (SURTASS), a towed array passive sonar.

Stalwart, Indomitable, and Capable were modified to support narcotics interdiction by removing SURTASS equipment and adding an air-search radar and tactical data link equipment.
Matt White (cyclist)
Matthew "Matt" White (born 22 February 1974 in Sydney, New South Wales) is an Australian former professional road racing cyclist. Most recently White  worked as a sporting director for Team Jayco–AlUla, leaving the team unexpectedly just before the 2025 Giro d'Italia. White also worked as a sporting director for Garmin–Cervélo but was let go because of doping offenses during his racing career. His most notable results are winning a stage of the 1999 Tour de Suisse and another stage victory at the 2005 Tour Down Under. He mainly worked as a domestique throughout his career, sacrificing personal ambitions to help his leader.

2005 Tour Down Under
The 2005 Tour Down Under was the seventh edition of the Tour Down Under stage race. It took place from 18 January to 23 January in and around Adelaide, South Australia. This particular edition was won by Spanish rider Luis León Sánchez, who rode for Liberty Seguros–Würth.
Mance Warner
Quirt Miller (born October 10, 1988), better known by his ring name Mance Warner, is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). He also makes appearances on the independent circuit, predominantly for Game Changer Wrestling (GCW), where he is a one-time GCW World Champion.

He has previously competed in Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), where he is a former CZW World Heavyweight Champion, and IWA Mid-South, where he has held both the IWA Mid-South Heavyweight Championship and Tag Team Championship. Warner is also a former AAW Heavyweight Champion, with his run being the longest in company history.

AAW Heavyweight Championship
The AAW Heavyweight Championship is a professional wrestling world heavyweight championship owned and promoted by AAW Wrestling. There have been a total of 37 reigns and one vacancy shared between 30 different champions. The current champion is Trevor Lee, who is in his first reign.
TV3 (Lithuanian TV channel)
TV3 Lithuania (TV trys) is a Lithuanian free-to-air television channel that was launched on 11 April 1993. It was owned by Modern Times Group (MTG) until 2017, when it was acquired by Providence Equity Partners for €115 million. The broadcaster is UAB All Media Lithuania.

Modern Times Group
Modern Times Group (MTG) is a digital entertainment company based in Stockholm, Sweden. It formed from the media holdings of investment company Kinnevik, which in 1997 was distributed to the company stockholders. It is a strategic and operational investment holding company, managing a portfolio including gaming companies InnoGames and Ninja Kiwi, and digital network company Zoomin.TV.

Kinnevik distributed the MTG shares to its shareholders in 2018 and in 2019 MTG distributed shares in the newly founded Nordic Entertainment Group (now Viaplay Group) to its shareholders following the strategic transformation into a global digital entertainment company.
Chokt
Chokt is an American industrial rock band featuring Pete Murray of Lo-Pro and Ultraspank, Walter Flakus of Stabbing Westward, and John Stevens of Ghost Machine and The Clay People. The trio recorded an album's worth of material together, releasing songs one by one over the course of 2006 to 2009. It served as an outlet for Murray for songs that didn't quite fit the hard rock sound of Lo-Pro, during the six year gap in between Lo-Pro releases.

Ghost Machine (band)
Ghost Machine was an American metal band from Los Angeles, California, active in the mid-2000s. It featured two members from Motograter, vocalist Ivan Moody (also vocalist for Five Finger Death Punch) and drummer Chris "Crispy" Binns, as well as John Stevens of The Clay People.
Interior Night
Interior Night is an independent video game developer based in London. The company focuses on interactive storytelling. It was founded by creative director Caroline Marchal, formerly of Quantic Dream, in November 2017. Their debut game, As Dusk Falls, was released on 19 July 2022 for Windows, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S and 7 March 2024 for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5.

Quantic Dream
Quantic Dream SA is a French video game developer and publisher based in Paris. Founded in 1997, the company has developed five video games: The Nomad Soul (1999), Fahrenheit (2005), Heavy Rain (2010), Beyond: Two Souls (2013), and Detroit: Become Human (2018). The company is known for promoting interactive storytelling, with founder David Cage as the primary creative force. The studio was acquired by NetEase in August 2022 to act as its first European studio.
Karipúna French Creole
Karipúna French Creole, also known as Amapá French Creole and Lanc-Patuá, is a French-based creole language spoken by the Galibi Marworno, which live in the Uaçá Indian Reservation in the Brazilian state of Amapá, on the Curipi and Oyapock rivers. It is mostly French-lexified except for flora and fauna terms, with a complex mix of substratum languages—most notably the Arawakan Karipúna language, identical with Palikúr.

Anonby notes that Portuguese tends to be the mother tongue for speakers under 60 in the Karipúna community, and Karipúna French Creole is the mother tongue primarily only for speakers over 60.

French Guianese Creole
French Guianese Creole (Kriyòl; also called variously Guianan Creole, Guianese Creole in English and Créole guyanais in French) is a French-based creole language spoken in French Guiana, and to a lesser degree, in Suriname and Brazil. It resembles Antillean Creole, but there are some lexical and grammatical differences between them. Antilleans can generally understand French Guianese Creole, though there may be some instances of confusion. The differences consist of more French and Brazilian Portuguese influences (due to the proximity of Brazil and Portuguese presence in the country for several years). There are also words of Amerindian and African origin. There are French Guianese communities in Suriname and Brazil who continue to speak the language.

It should not be confused with the Guyanese Creole language, based on English, spoken in nearby Guyana.
Irwan Achmadi
Rear Admiral Irwan Achmadi is a rear admiral in the Indonesian Navy who served as a Senior Officer (Indonesian: Perwira Tinggi) who since 18 November 2020, has carried out the mandate as Aspers Kasal. The last position of this two-star general was Commander of the Military Seaborne Command.

Military Sealift Command (Indonesia)
The Indonesia Military Sealift Command (Indonesian: Komando Lintas Laut Militer, abbr.: Kolinlamil), is an organization that controls the replenishment and military transport ships of the Indonesian Navy. Military Sealift Command has the responsibility for providing sealift and ocean transportation for all Indonesian military services as well as for other government agencies. It first came into existence on 1 July 1961 when the Naval Transport Department (Djawatan Angkutan Laut Militer / Dalmil) was established as the sole service responsible for the Ministry of Defense's ocean transport requirements for both peacetime and war.
Blend S
Blend S (ブレンド・S, Burendo Esu) is a Japanese four-panel comic strip manga written and illustrated by Miyuki Nakayama in Houbunsha's Manga Time Kirara Carat magazine from 2013 to 2022 and collected into eight volumes. A 12-episode anime television series adaptation produced by A-1 Pictures aired from October to December 2017.

A-1 Pictures
A-1 Pictures, Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社A-1 Pictures, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Ē-wan Pikuchāzu) is a Japanese animation studio and production company founded by ex-Sunrise producer Mikihiro Iwata. It is a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan's anime production firm Aniplex.
Philippe, Duke of Anjou
Philippe Louis of France, Duke of Anjou (Philippe Louis; 30 August 1730 – 7 April 1733) was a French prince and the second son of King Louis XV of France and his popular Queen Marie Leszczyńska. He was styled duke of Anjou from birth.

Marie Leszczyńska
Marie Leczinska (born Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska; 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768) was Queen of France as the wife of King Louis XV from their marriage on 4 September 1725 until her death in 1768. The daughter of Stanislaus I Leszczyński, the deposed King of Poland, and Catherine Opalińska, her 42-years and 9 months service was the longest of any queen in French history. A devout Catholic throughout her life, Marie was popular among the French people for her numerous charitable works and introduced many Polish customs to the royal court at Versailles. She was the grandmother of the French kings Louis XVI, Louis XVIII and Charles X.
2006 Royal Bank Cup
The 2006 Royal Bank Cup was the 36th Junior "A" 2006 ice hockey National Championship for the Canadian Junior A Hockey League.

The Royal Bank Cup was competed for by the winners of the Doyle Cup, Anavet Cup, Dudley Hewitt Cup, the Fred Page Cup and the host city, the Streetsville Derbys of the Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League, with teams from the Alberta Junior Hockey League, British Columbia Hockey League, Central Junior A Hockey League, Manitoba Junior Hockey League, Maritime Junior A Hockey League, Northern Ontario Junior Hockey League, OPJHL, Quebec Junior AAA Hockey League, Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League, and Superior International Junior Hockey League.

The tournament was hosted by the Streetsville Derbys and ran from May 6 until May 14, 2006 with games played at the Powerade Centre in Brampton, Ontario.

Alberta Junior Hockey League
The Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL) is an Alberta-based Junior A ice hockey league that belongs to the Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL).  It was formed as a five-team league in 1964. The 2023–24 season began with 16 teams, however 5 teams did not finish the season after it was announced that 
they planned to join the BCHL in the 2024–25 season. The regular season league champions receive the Dave Duchak Trophy.  The playoff champions receive the Inter Pipeline Cup (previously known as the Carling O'Keefe trophy and Gas Drive Cup). The winner of the AJHL playoffs continues on to play in the Centennial Cup tournament, which determines Canadian Junior A champion.
Agglutination
In linguistics, agglutination is a morphological process in which words are formed by stringing together morphemes (word parts), each of which corresponds to a single syntactic feature. Languages that use agglutination widely are called agglutinative languages. For example, in the agglutinative Turkish, the word evlerinizden ("from your houses") consists of the morphemes ev-ler-i-n-iz-den. Agglutinative languages are often contrasted with isolating languages, in which words are monomorphemic, and fusional languages, in which words can be complex, but morphemes may correspond to multiple features.

Isolating language
An isolating language is a type of language with a morpheme per word ratio close to one, and with no inflectional morphology whatsoever. In the extreme case, each word contains a single morpheme. Examples of widely spoken isolating languages are Yoruba in West Africa and Vietnamese (especially its colloquial register) in Southeast Asia.

A closely related concept is that of an analytic language, which uses unbound morphemes or syntactical constructions to indicate grammatical relationships. Isolating and analytic languages tend to overlap in linguistic scholarship.

Isolating languages contrast with synthetic languages, also called inflectional languages, where words often consist of multiple morphemes. Synthetic languages are subdivided into the classifications fusional, agglutinative, and polysynthetic, which are based on how the morphemes are combined.
Diwali (Jainism)
Deepawali in Jainism marks the anniversary of Nirvana (final release) or liberation of Mahavira's soul, the twenty-fourth and last Jain Tirthankara of the present cosmic age. It is celebrated at the same time as the Hindu festival of Diwali. Diwali marks the end of the year for Jains, and it likewise commemorates the passing of their twenty-fourth Tirthankara Mahavira and his achievement of moksha.

Moksha (Jainism)
Sanskrit moksha or Prakrit mokkha refers to the liberation or salvation of a soul from saṃsāra, the cycle of birth and death. It is a blissful state of existence of a soul, attained after the destruction of all karmic bonds. A liberated soul is said to have attained its true and pristine nature of Unlimited bliss, Unlimited knowledge and Unlimited perception. Such a soul is called siddha and is revered in Jainism.

In Jainism, moksha is the highest and the noblest objective that a soul should strive to achieve. In fact, it is the only objective that a person should have; other objectives are contrary to the true nature of soul. With the right view, knowledge and efforts all souls can attain this state. That is why Jainism is also known as mokṣamārga or the "path to liberation".

According to the Sacred Jain Text, Tattvartha sutra:

Owing to the absence of the cause of bondage and with the functioning of the dissociation of karmas the annihilation of all karmas is liberation.
Alexander Hood, 5th Duke of Bronte
Sir Alexander Nelson Hood, 5th Duke of Bronte, KCVO, OCI (28 June 1854 – 1 June 1937), of Castello di Maniace, Bronte, and La Falconara (now "Villa Nelson"), Taormina, both in Sicily, and of 13 Pelham Crescent, South Kensington, London, was a British courtier and Sicilian nobleman. "Discreetly homosexual" and described by his Sicilian biographer as "intelligent and refined", he was well-respected and liked by the Brontese, and spent six months of each year resident at Maniace until his old age. He was, like many contemporaries in his pre-World War II aristocratic circle, a "great admirer of Mussolini and the Fascist regime".

Order of the Crown of Italy
The Order of the Crown of Italy (Italian: Ordine della Corona d'Italia or OCI) was founded as a national order in 1868 by King Vittorio Emanuele II, to commemorate the unification of Italy in 1861. It was awarded in five degrees for civilian and military merit. Today the Order of the Crown has been replaced by the Order of Merit of Savoy and is still conferred on new knights by the current disputed head of the house, Emanuele Filiberto, Prince of Venice.

The order has been suppressed by law since the foundation of the Republic in 1946. However, Umberto II did not abdicate his position as fons honorum and it remained under his Grand Mastership as a dynastic order. While the continued use of those decorations conferred prior to 1951 is permitted in Italy, the crowns on the ribbons issued before 1946 must be substituted for as many five pointed stars on military uniforms.
Ava Rossana Guevara
Ava Rossana Guevara Pinto is a Honduran journalist and politician who served as the 2nd Second Vice President of Honduras alongside Ricardo Álvarez Arias and Lorena Enriqueta Herrera from 2014 to 2018. Prior to her tenure as vice president she was Honduras' ambassador to Italy and Brazil and an unsuccessful vice presidential candidate in the 2009 election. She was a journalist for La Tribuna, ABC News, NBC News, and Univision

Ricardo Álvarez Arias
Ricardo Antonio Álvarez Arias (born 4 February 1963) is a businessman and the former mayor of Tegucigalpa and the former First Vice President of Honduras.

He ran for Mayor of Tegucigalpa and won the 2005 elections and was re-elected on the 2009 elections representing the National Party of Honduras. In 2012, Álvarez ran for the National Party nomination for president, ultimately losing to Juan Orlando Hernández. Hernández named him his vice presidential candidate, and together they won the 2013 elections. He is named in the trial for links to the Los Cachiros cartel.
Ivy Queen Musa Sound Corporation
Ivy Queen Musa Sound Corporation (formerly known as Filtro Musik and later Drama Records) is a multi-genre record label founded by Ivy Queen and José Guadalupe in San Juan, Puerto Rico in 2005 with the release of Ivy Queen's fifth studio album Flashback. The label also has an office in Miami, Florida. It serves the genres of reggaetón, bachata, hip hop, R&B, and various other styles of tropical and Latin music. The label has previously been distributed by Univision Records and Machete Music while currently being distributed by Siente Music since early 2012.

Universal Music Latin Entertainment
Universal Music Latin Entertainment (UMLE), also known as Universal Música, is the Latin music division of Universal Music Group (UMG), founded in 2008. Headquartered in Los Angeles, with offices in Miami, it oversees the marketing and distribution of Latin music in the US (including Puerto Rico) and Mexico.

UMLE includes labels such as Universal Music Latino, Fonovisa Records, Universal Music México, Capitol Latin, Machete Music, and Disa Records. The division was formed after UMG acquired Univision Music Group and merged it with its roster of Latin artists and catalog.
Riiita
Takumi Hayakawa (早川 匠, Hayakawa Takumi), better known by his ring name Minorita (ミノリータ, Minorīta) and currently performing as Riiita, is a Japanese professional wrestler currently signed to Dragon Gate. He is a former Open the Brave Gate Champion and Open the Triangle Gate Champion.

Open the Triangle Gate Championship
The Open the Triangle Gate Championship is a professional wrestling trios title in Japanese promotion Dragon Gate. It was created on November 7, 2004 when The Italian Connection faction of Milano Collection A.T., Anthony W. Mori and Yossino defeated Aagan Iisou's Shuji Kondo, Takuya Sugawara and "brother" Yasshi in a tournament final. Each title belt's face has three emblems on it, shaped in a triangle, that represent Power, Technique and Mind.

Not including interim reigns, there have been a total of 72 recognized individual champions and 84 recognized trios, who have had a combined 98 official reigns. Natural Vibes (GuC, Key and Kzy) are the current champions in their first reign.
Shawn Keough
Shawn A. Keough (born December 30, 1959) is an American politician, serving as a Republican member of the Idaho Senate from 1996 to 2018 representing the 1st district, and the longest-serving female Senator in Idaho's history.

Idaho Senate
The Idaho State Senate is the upper chamber of the Idaho Legislature. It consists of 35 senators elected to two-year terms, each representing a district of the state. The Senate meets at the Idaho State Capitol in Boise, Idaho.