hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Free World (song)
"Free World" is a song by British singer and songwriter Kirsty MacColl, released on 20 March 1989 as the lead single from her second studio album, Kite. It was written by MacColl and produced by Steve Lillywhite. "Free World" reached number 43 in the UK Singles Chart and remained in the top 100 for seven weeks.

Kirsty MacColl
Kirsty Anna MacColl (/məˈkɔːl/, mə-KAWL; 10 October 1959 – 18 December 2000) was a British singer and songwriter. The daughter of folk singer Ewan MacColl, she recorded several pop hits in the 1980s and 1990s, including "There's a Guy Works Down the Chip Shop Swears He's Elvis" and cover versions of Billy Bragg's "A New England" and the Kinks' "Days". She also sang on a number of recordings produced by her husband Steve Lillywhite, most notably "Fairytale of New York" by the Pogues. Her first single, "They Don't Know", would have chart success a few years later when covered by Tracey Ullman. Her death in 2000 led to the "Justice for Kirsty" campaign.
Frontier Investigator
Frontier Investigator is a 1949 American Western film directed by Fred C. Brannon and written by Robert Creighton Williams. The film stars Allan Lane, Eddy Waller, Roy Barcroft, Gail Davis, Robert Emmett Keane and Clayton Moore. The film was released on May 2, 1949, by Republic Pictures.

Clayton Moore
Clayton Moore (born Jack Carlton Moore, September 14, 1914 – December 28, 1999) was an American actor best known for playing the fictional Western character the Lone Ranger from September 1949 to September 1952 and then again from September 1954 to September 1957 on the television series of the same name and two related films from the same producers.
Sospeter Muhongo
Sospeter Mwijarubi Muhongo MP (born 25 June 1954) is a Tanzanian geologist and a nominated member of the Tanzanian Parliament.

He served as the Minister of Energy and Minerals from May 2012 until his resignation in January 2015 following the Tegeta escrow scandal. He was succeeded by his deputy George Simbachawene. He won the parliamentary constituency of Musoma Rural in the general election and was thereafter appointed to his former portfolio by President John Magufuli.

George Simbachawene
George Boniface Taguluvala Simbachawene (born 5 July 1968) is a Tanzanian CCM politician and Member of Parliament for Kibakwe constituency since 2005.

He held the post of the Minister of State in the President’s Office responsible for Regional Administration, Local Government, Civil Service and Good Governance from November 2015 to September 2017. He resigned from his post on September 7, 2017 after his name was implicated in the Minerals report from his time in the Ministry of Energy and Minerals.

On 21 July 2019, he is assigned as the Minister of State in the Vice President's Office. On January 23, 2020 he was appointed as the Minister of Home Affairs. On 10 January 2022 he was sworn in as the new Minister for Legal and Constitutional Affairs.
Trade finance
Trade finance is a phrase used to describe different strategies that are employed to make international trade easier. It signifies financing for trade, and it concerns both domestic and international trade transactions. A trade transaction requires a seller of goods and services as well as a buyer. Various intermediaries such as banks and financial institutions can facilitate these transactions by financing the trade. Trade finance manifests itself in the form of letters of credit (LOC), guarantees, or insurance, and is usually provided by intermediaries.

Export
An export in international trade is a good produced in one country that is sold into another country or a service provided in one country for a national or resident of another country. The seller of such goods or the service provider is an exporter; the foreign buyer is an importer. Services that figure in international trade include financial, accounting and other professional services, tourism, education as well as intellectual property rights.

Exportation of goods often requires the involvement of customs authorities.
Tripoli Province
Tripoli Province (Provincia di Tripoli in Italian) was one of the provinces of Libya under Italian rule. It was established in 1937, with the official name: Commissariato Generale Provinciale di Tripoli. It lasted until 1947.

Italian settlers in Libya
Italian Libyans (Italian: Italo-libici) are Libyan-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Libya during the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Libya. Most of the Italians moved to Libya during the Italian colonial period.

The Italian population virtually disappeared after the Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi ordered the expulsion of Italians in 1970. After the nationalization of Italian companies, only a small number of Italians remained in Libya. On 30 August 2008, Gaddafi and Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi signed a historic cooperation treaty in Benghazi. Only a few hundred Italians were allowed to return to Libya between 2000 and 2010. In 2006 the Italian embassy in Tripoli calculated that there were approximately 1,000 original Libyan Italians in Libya, mostly elderly people and assimilated Muslims living in Tripoli and Benghazi.
Mosley Mayne
General Sir Ashton Gerard Oswald Mosley Mayne, GCB, CBE, DSO (24 April 1889 – 17 December 1955) was a senior British Indian Army officer active in both the First World War and Second World War, where he commanded Eastern Command, India.

General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines.  The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of field marshal, which is now awarded as an honorary rank only.  The rank of general has a NATO-code of OF-9, and is a four-star rank.  It is equivalent to a full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.

Officers holding the ranks of general, lieutenant-general and major-general are 'general officers' and may be addressed as 'general'.
Marmontains Formation
The Couches des Marmontains are a sedimentary formation deposited during the middle Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian). It consists of sandstones and black shales. The formation is 5 to 30 m thick. The Couches des Marmontains overly the Couches de l’Aroley and underlie the Couches de Saint Christophe. All three units together make up the post-rift sequence of the Valais ocean. Outcrops can be found north of Bourg-Saint-Maurice.

The Couches des Marmontains can be found in the following nappes:

External Valais

Moûtiers unit
Roc de l'Enfer unit
Petit St. Bernard unit

Internal Valais

Versoyen unit

The type locality and namesake of the formation is the mountain Marmontains (45°52′57″N 7°06′30″E﻿ / ﻿45.88263°N 7.108412°E﻿ / 45.88263; 7.108412) and the Val Ferret in Orsières, Canton Valais, Switzerland. It was first described in 1955 by Rudolf Trümpy.

The Marmontains Formation can be correlated with the Valzeina Formation of Graubünden and black shales in the Engadine.

Aroley Formation
The Couches de l’Aroley (short: Aroley Formation) are a sedimentary formation deposited during the Early Cretaceous (Barremian to Aptian). They consist of calcitic schists with dolomite clasts interbedded with finegrained conglomerates. The whole sequence is about 100 m thick.

The Couches de l’Aroley are the lowest of the three post-rift sequences deposited in the Valais ocean. It overlies syn-rift sequences of the Brèches du Grand Fond Group.

The Aroley Formation can be found within the following nappes:

External Valais
Moûtiers unit
Roc de l'Enfer unit
Petit St. Bernard unit

Internal Valais
Versoyen unit

The type locality is the Massif de la Pierre Avoi, in Saxon, Valais, Switzerland. The formation is named after a "Plan Aroley" which lies below the Pierre Avoi. It was first described by Rudolf Trümpy 1952.

The Couches de l’Aroley can be correlated with the Klus Formation and the Tristel Formation found in eastern Switzerland, the Engadin window and the Tauern window.
United States Continuity of Operations facilities
Spread throughout various locations across the country, the United States' Continuity of Operations facilities coordinate the geographic dispersion of leadership, staff, and infrastructure in order to maintain the functions of the United States government in the event(s) that national security is compromised by a terrorist attack or natural disaster.

Some sites are run by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), while others are run by the Department of Defense.

National Military Command Center
The National Military Command Center (NMCC) is a Pentagon command and communications center for the National Command Authority (i.e., the president of the United States and the United States secretary of defense). Maintained by the Department of the Air Force as the "DoD Executive Agent" for NMCC logistical, budgetary, facility, and systems support, the NMCC operators are in the Joint Staff's J-3 (Operations) Directorate. "The NMCC is responsible for generating Emergency Action Messages (EAMs) to missile launch control centers, nuclear submarines, recon aircraft, and battlefield commanders".
Mitch Talbot
Mitchell R. Talbot (born October 17, 1983) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Tampa Bay Rays and Cleveland Indians, the KBO League for the Samsung Lions and Hanwha Eagles and in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) for the Lamigo Monkeys.

Rakuten Monkeys
The Rakuten Monkeys (Chinese: 樂天桃猿; pinyin: Lètiān Táoyuán; lit. 'Rakuten Taoyuan Monkeys'), formerly known as La New Bears (2004–2010) and Lamigo Monkeys (2011–2019), are a professional baseball team in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in Taiwan. Owned and administered by the Japanese technology conglomerate Rakuten, the Monkeys qualified for the playoffs in 2006 for the first time in team history, and by finishing with the best record in the entire season, gained an automatic berth for the Taiwan Series.
Jiangbei, Ningbo
Jiangbei District (Chinese: 江北区; pinyin: Jiāngběi Qū) is a county-level district under the jurisdiction of Ningbo city in Zhejiang Province of the People's Republic of China. The district's total area is 209 square kilometers, which makes it the largest subdivision in the traditional urban area of Ningbo (namely Haishu, Jiangdong, and Jiangbei). Jiangbei District is famous for its historical sites such as the Old Bund, which oversaw the history of international trade of Ningbo, and Cicheng Town, an ancient town with a history more than 1000 years.

Haishu, Ningbo
Haishu (Chinese: 海曙; pinyin: Hǎishǔ) is a county-level district under the jurisdiction of Ningbo city in Zhejiang Province of the People's Republic of China.

Since the district has a drum tower (gulou) that was constructed during the Tang dynasty, it is alternatively called "Haishu Lou". The district's total area is 29 square kilometers, and its population is 280,000 people. The district's postal code is 315000.  The district people's government is located at 229 Lingqiao Road.
2005 Bahrain GP2 Series round
The 2005 Bahrain GP2 Series round was a GP2 Series motor race held on September 29 and 30, 2005 at the Bahrain International Circuit in Sakhir, Bahrain. It was the final showdown of the 2005 GP2 Series season. The race weekend was a stand-alone event unlike the previous GP2 rounds which support Formula One Grands Prix.

Bahrain International Circuit
The Bahrain International Circuit (Arabic: حلبة البحرين الدولية, romanized: Ḥalba al-Baḥrayn ad-Dawliyya) is a 5.412 km (3.363 mi) motorsport venue opened in 2004 and used for drag racing, GP2 Series (now FIA Formula 2), and the annual  Formula One Bahrain Grand Prix. The 2004 Grand Prix was the first  Formula One race held in the Middle East. Beginning in 2006, Australian V8 Supercars raced at the BIC, with the event known as the Desert 400. However, the V8 Supercars did not return for the 2011 V8 Supercar season. 24 Hour endurance races are also hosted at BIC. The circuit has a FIA Grade 1 license. The circuit also has multiple layouts.
Homay-nameh
Homāy-nāmeh (Persian: همای‌نامه) is an epic poem in Persian language which relates the story of Homay daughter of Kay Bahman. Shahnameh contains a shorter version of this epic. Composed by an unknown author in 6th  century AH, Homāy-nāmeh contains 4,332 couplets and very few number of Arabic loanwords.

Shahnameh
The Shahnameh is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 distichs or couplets (two-line verses), the Shahnameh is one of the world's longest epic poems, and the longest epic poem created by a single author. It tells mainly the mythical and to some extent the historical past of Iran from the creation of the world until the Muslim conquest in the seventh century. Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the greater region influenced by Persian culture such as Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan celebrate this national epic.

The work is of central importance in Persian culture and Persian language. It is regarded as a literary masterpiece, and definitive of the ethno-national cultural identity of Iran.
Rodney Ah You
Rodney Ah You (born 27 October 1988) is a New Zealand-born Irish international rugby union player. His primary position is prop, and he can play at both tighthead and loosehead. Born in Wellington, he played for Canterbury, before moving to Ireland where he played six seasons for Connacht and two for Ulster, then England where he played three seasons for Newcastle Falcons, then France, where he played a season with Vannes in the Pro D2, and two seasons in Nationale 2 with Limoges and Cognac.

He represented Ireland after qualifying through residency in October 2013. He won three caps, making his international debut on 7 June 2014 against Argentina.

Championnat Fédéral Nationale
The Championnat Fédéral Nationale, also known simply as the Nationale, is the third tier of rugby union club competition division in France. Introduced in 2020, it is operated by the French Rugby Federation (FFR).
Weldon, California
Weldon is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kern County, California, United States.  It sits at the southeast tip of Lake Isabella.  Weldon is located 9 miles (14 km) east-southeast of Wofford Heights, at an elevation of 2,654 feet (809 m). The population was 2,303 at the 2020 census, down from 2,642 at the 2010 census.

Wofford Heights, California
Wofford Heights is a census-designated place (CDP) in the southern Sierra Nevada, in Kern County, California, United States. Wofford Heights is located in the west Kern River Valley, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south-southwest of Kernville, at an elevation of 2,684 feet (818 m). The population was 2,213 at the 2020 census, up from 2,200 at the 2010 census.
Battle of Bhamo (2024)
On 4 December 2024 the Kachin Independence Army, All Burma Students Democratic Front and others Kachin-based resistance groups, launched an operation to capture Bhamo. The operation has targeted also Bhamo Township and Mansi Township. While losses seem heavy on both sides, thousands civilians are trapped in the town under constant airstrikes, artillery and drone bombardment.

Bhamo
Bhamo (Burmese: ဗန်းမော်မြို့ ban: mau mrui., also spelt Banmaw), historically known as Man Maw (Shan: မၢၼ်ႈမူဝ်ႇ; Tai Nüa: ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥛᥨᥝᥱ) or Hsinkai (Chinese: 新街; pinyin: Xīnjiē) is a city in Kachin State in northern Myanmar, 186 km (116 mi) south of the state capital, (Myitkyina). It is on the Ayeyarwady River. It lies within 65 km (40 mi) of the border with Yunnan Province, China. The population consists primarily of residents Chinese or Shan descent, with Kachin peoples primarily occupying the hills around the town. It is the administrative center of Bhamo District and Bhamo Township.
Göttingen
Göttingen (/ˈɡɜːtɪŋən/, US also /ˈɡɛt-/; German: [ˈɡœtɪŋən] ⓘ; Low German: Chöttingen) is a university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the capital of the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. According to the 2022 German census, the population of Göttingen was 124,548.

Duderstadt
Duderstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈduːdɐˌʃtat] ⓘ) is a city in southern Lower Saxony, Germany, located in the district  of Göttingen.

It is the centre and the capital of the northern part of the Eichsfeld ("Untereichsfeld"). It was once the private wealth of the Roman Catholic archbishop of Mainz.

The earliest documentary mention of Duderstadt was in 929 AD, and the city celebrates its anniversaries counting from that year.

It is located on the German Timber-Frame Road.
Motibai Kapadia
Motibai Rustomji Kapadia LRCP FRCS (1867–1930) was an Indian doctor who is credited as the first Indian female physician in Western medicine to have trained alongside men in India. In 1884, she gained admission to Grant Medical College, Mumbai, from where she graduated. After gaining her Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians (LRCP) she was appointed to head the Victoria Jubilee Hospital for women in Ahmedabad. In 1891, she qualified FRCS.

In 1911, Kapadia received the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal in the 1911 Delhi Durbar Honours following the Coronation of George V and Mary.

Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals
The Grant Government Medical College is a public medical college located in Mumbai, India. It is affiliated to the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences. Founded in 1845, it is one of the oldest medical colleges in South Asia. Its clinical affiliate is Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, a conglomerate of four hospitals in South Mumbai including Sir J.J. Hospital, St George Hospital, Gokuldas Tejpal Hospital and Cama and Albless Hospital.
Sivert Heltne Nilsen
Sivert Heltne Nilsen (born 2 October 1991) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Scottish Premiership club Aberdeen. He has previously played for IL Hødd, Vålerenga Fotball, SK Brann, AC Horsens, IF Elfsborg and Waasland-Beveren and has represented his country at youth level. He is the son of former Hødd and Brann manager Lars Arne Nilsen.

S.K. Beveren
Sportkring Beveren (SK Beveren) is a Belgian professional association football club based in Beveren, East Flanders. The club is affiliated with the founded number 4068 and has yellow and blue as its colours. The team was founded in 1936 in Haasdonk and joined the Belgian Football Association in 1944 as FC Red Star Haasdonk. In 2002, the club moved to Sint-Niklaas and changed its name to KV Red Star Waasland. From 2010, it continued to play in Beveren under the name KVRS Waasland - SK Beveren until 2022, when it was renamed Sportkring Beveren. They play in the Challenger Pro League.
Italian mountain community
A mountain community (Italian: comunità montana) in Italy is a territorial association of mountain and foothill municipalities. Mountain communities were established by law on 3 December 1971 as statutory bodies with compulsory municipal membership within their defined territory. It is constituted by the president of the regional council and the mountain and foothill comuni, even those that may be located in different provinces. Their purpose is to jointly exercise certain municipal functions and to execute their functions specifically assigned by the region.

Provinces of Italy
The provinces of Italy (Italian: province d'Italia) are the second-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, on an intermediate level between a municipality (comune) and a region (regione). Since 2015, provinces have been classified as "institutional bodies of second level".

There are currently 110 institutional bodies of second level in Italy, including 82 ordinary provinces, 2 autonomous provinces, 4 regional decentralization entities, 6 free municipal consortia, and 15 metropolitan cities, as well as the Aosta Valley region (which also exercises the powers of a province).

Italian provinces (with the exception of the current Sardinian provinces) correspond to the NUTS 3 regions.
Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant
Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant (Russian: Московский вертолётный завод им. М. Л. Миля) is a Russian designer and producer of helicopters headquartered in Tomilino. It is a subsidiary of Russian Helicopters.

The Moscow Mil Helicopter Plant includes a design bureau and an experimental production plant. The Mil Design Bureau is one of the world's leading developers of helicopters, with particular expertise in heavy-lift helicopters. It has developed both civil and military versions in a wide range of payload capacities, including the world's largest in serial production, the Mi-26.

Ninety-five percent of the helicopters in the former Soviet Union were built to Mil designs. Series production facilities for Mil-designed helicopters include Rostvertol in Rostov-on-Don, the Kazan Helicopter Production Association, and the Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant. Mil participates in the Euromil joint venture with Eurocopter.

Kazan Helicopters
Kazan Helicopters, Joint Stock Company is a Russian helicopter manufacturing company based at Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan. It is one of the largest helicopter manufacturers in the world.

Its products include the Mil Mi-8 and Mil Mi-17 helicopters. It is the only producer of the military version of the Mi-17 helicopter. It also produces Mil Mi-38 helicopters, as well as its own models, the Kazan Ansat and Kazan Aktai.
Graphic pejoratives in written Chinese
Some historical Chinese characters for non-Han peoples were graphically pejorative ethnic slurs, where the racial insult derived not from the Chinese word but from the character used to write it. For instance, written Chinese first transcribed the name Yáo "the Yao people (in southwest China and Vietnam)" with the character for yáo 猺 "jackal". Most of those terms were replaced in the early 20th-century language reforms; for example, the character for the term yáo was changed, replaced this graphic pejorative meaning "jackal" with another one – a homophone meaning yáo 瑤 "precious jade".

Language reform
Language reform is a kind of language planning by widespread change to a language. The typical methods of language reform are simplification and linguistic purism. Simplification regularises vocabulary, grammar, or spelling. Purism aligns the language with a form which is deemed 'purer'.

Language reforms are intentional changes to language; this article does not cover natural language change, such as the Great Vowel Shift.
Marry the Girl (1935 film)
Marry the Girl is a 1935 British comedy film directed by Maclean Rogers and starring Sonnie Hale, Winifred Shotter and Hugh Wakefield. It was written by Kathleen Butler and Rogers based on the 1930 Aldwych farce Marry the Girl by George Arthurs and Arthur Miller.

Hugh Wakefield
Hugh Wakefield (10 November 1888 – 5 December 1971) was an English film actor, who played supporting roles. He was often seen wearing a monocle.

Hugh Claude Wakefield was born in Wanstead, Essex. He also had a distinguished stage career, which began at the age of 11. City of Song (1931) was his first film. After completing 1954's The Million Pound Note, Wakefield retired from film acting. He died 5 December 1971 in London aged 83.