hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Livan Automotive
Livan Automotive (Chinese: 睿蓝汽车; pinyin: Ruìlán Qìchē) is a joint venture company between Qianli Technology (formerly Lifan Technology) and Geely Qizheng, a company owned by Zhejiang Geely Holding (ZGH). The brand was founded in 2022 following a merger between Geely-owned Maple and Lifan Technology.

In China, Livan targeted the battery-swapping electric vehicle market. The joint venture manufactures electric vehicles using Geely's existing platforms under Livan and Maple brands. In export markets such as Russia, Livan became Geely's budget brand selling internal combustion vehicles.

On January 24, 2022, after Lifan Group was acquired by ZGH, Geely reconsolidated and merged its previous subsidiary Maple Automobile Co., Ltd. into the Livan brand. This move resulted in Maple exiting the market as an independent brand and becoming a model name under the Livan brand.

Lifan Group
Lifan Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. (Lifan Group or Lifan, Chinese: 力帆, lit. 'Power Sail') is a civilian owned Chinese motorcycle and automobile manufacturer headquartered in Chongqing, China. It was founded in 1992 and began to manufacture automobiles in 2005, with license-built microvans and a small sedan developed by Lifan.

Lifan's vehicle products include passenger cars, microvans, dirt bike engines, entry-level motorcycles, mini-vehicles, and commercial trucks. The company's non-vehicle-related activities include the manufacture of sports shoes and winemaking. Outside of China, Lifan is currently best known for the sale of small passenger cars in emerging markets.
Helmut Branny
Helmut Branny (born 1957) is a German conductor, double bassist and professor of chamber music at the Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber Dresden. He is a member of the Sächsische Staatskapelle Dresden, musical director of the Dresdner Kapellsolisten and the Cappella Musica Dresden. With the Kapellsolisten, he has made many recordings, and toured internationally.

Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber
The Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber (or Dresden University of Music Carl Maria von Weber; also/formerly known as Dresden Conservatory or Dresden Royal Conservatory) is a university of music in Dresden, Germany.
Exbury Gardens
Exbury Gardens is a 200-acre (81 ha) informal woodland garden in Hampshire, England with large collections of rhododendrons, azaleas and camellias, and is often considered the finest garden of its type in the United Kingdom.  Exbury holds the national collection of Nyssa (Tupelo) and Oxydendrum under the National Plant Collection scheme run by the Plant Heritage charity.  The gardens are rated Grade II* on the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

Lionel Nathan de Rothschild purchased the Exbury estate in 1919 and soon began creating a garden on an ambitious scale, emulating his father's at Gunnersbury Park in London.  Exbury House is a neoclassical mansion which was built around an earlier structure in the 1920s; whilst the gardens are open to the public, the house is not.

Camellia
Camellia (pronounced /kə.ˈmɛ.li.ə/ or /kə.ˈmiː.li.ə/) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in tropical and subtropical areas in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species; almost all are found in southern China and Indochina.: 66  Camellias are popular ornamental, tea, and woody-oil plants cultivated worldwide for centuries. Over 26,000 cultivars, with more than 51,000 cultivar names, including synonyms, have been registered or published.

The leaves of C. sinensis are processed to create tea, and so are of particular economic importance in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent, with the processed leaves widely sold and consumed globally. The ornamental C. japonica, C. sasanqua and their hybrids are the source of hundreds of garden cultivars. C. oleifera produces tea seed oil, used in cooking and cosmetics.
Duru–Kleinert transformation
The Duru–Kleinert transformation, named after İsmail Hakkı Duru and Hagen Kleinert, is a mathematical method for solving path integrals of physical systems with singular potentials, which is necessary for the solution of all atomic path integrals due to the presence of Coulomb potentials (singular like ). 
The Duru–Kleinert transformation replaces the diverging time-sliced path integral of Richard Feynman (which thus does not exist) by a well-defined convergent one.

Hagen Kleinert
Hagen Kleinert (15 June 1941 – 7 March 2025) was a professor of theoretical physics at the Free University of Berlin, Germany (since 1968),
Honorary Doctor at the
West University of Timișoara, and
at the
Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University
in Bishkek. He is also
Honorary Member of the
Russian Academy of Creative Endeavors. For his contributions to particle and solid-state physics he was awarded the Max Born Prize 2008 with Medal.
His contribution to the memorial volume celebrating the 100th birthday of Lev Davidovich Landau earned him the Majorana Prize 2008 with Medal. He is married to Dr. Annemarie Kleinert since 1974 with whom he has a son Michael Kleinert.
Știrbei
The House of Știrbei, Știrbey or Stirbey is the name of an old Romanian noble family, whose members were once ruling Princes of Wallachia. The Princely Stirbey family was of Wallachian origin, first documented in the 15th century. It was involved in the political and economical development of Romania, through many generations.

Boyars of Moldavia and Wallachia
The boyars of Moldavia and Wallachia were the nobility of the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. The title was either inherited or granted by the Hospodar, often together with an administrative function. The boyars held much of the political power in the principalities and, until the Phanariote era, they elected the Hospodar.

As such, until the 19th century, the system oscillated between an oligarchy and an autocracy with power concentrated in the Hospodar's hands.
1991 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup
The 1991 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup was the 4th edition of the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup, an invitational international field hockey tournament. It took place in Ipoh, Malaysia at the Azlan Shah Stadium from 28 July to 3 August 1991.

This was the first time the tournament was held after a period of four years with the previous three editions held after every two years. India won its second title remaining unbeaten in the round-robin format. India became the first team to regain the tournament after having won their first title in 1985.

Sultan Azlan Shah Cup
The Sultan Azlan Shah Cup is an annual invitational international men's field hockey tournament held in Malaysia. It began in 1983 as a biennial contest. The tournament became an annual event from 1998, following its growth and popularity. The tournament is named after the ninth Yang di-Pertuan Agong (king) of Malaysia, Sultan Azlan Shah, a supporter of field hockey.

Since 2007 the tournament has been held at the Azlan Shah Stadium in Ipoh, Perak. Kuala Lumpur and Penang have also hosted the tournament.

Australia have won the tournament a record 10 times, followed by India and Pakistan winning five and three times, respectively.
WDKF
WDKF (99.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, United States. The station serves the Green Bay area simulcasting co-owned WNFL with a sports talk format as "99.7 & 101.9 WNFL".  The station is currently owned by Midwest Communications, with studios in Bellevue, and its main transmitter located near the town of Lincoln in Kewaunee County.

Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin
Sturgeon Bay is a city in Door County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 9,646 at the 2020 census. Located at the bay of Sturgeon Bay for which it is named, it is the most populous city on the Door Peninsula, a popular Upper Midwest vacation destination.
Adurbadagan
Adurbadagan (Middle Persian: Ādurbādagān/Āδarbāyagān, Parthian: Āturpātākān) was a northwestern province in the Sasanian Empire, mostly overlapping the present-day Azerbaijan region in Iran. Governed by a marzban ("margrave"), it functioned as an important frontier (and later religious) region against the neighbouring country of Armenia.

The capital of the province was Ganzak.

Ganzak
Ganzak is an ancient town founded in northwestern Iran. The city stood somewhere south of Lake Urmia, and it has been postulated that the Persian nobleman Atropates chose the city as his capital. The exact location, according to Minorsky, Schippmann, and Boyce, is identified as being the ruins (37.011555°N, 46.193187°E) at Leylan, Malekan County in the Miandoab plain.
Crypt of Saint Erasmus
The crypt of Saint Erasmus is a chapel located inside the cathedral of Saints Erasmus and Marcianus and Santa Maria Assunta in Gaeta, corresponding to the crypt of the basilica. An important example of Neapolitan Baroque architecture, it represents within Gaeta Cathedral the only room unified in style and unchanged in its original layout. The crypt houses the relics of Saints Erasmus of Formia and Marcian of Syracuse, patrons of the city of Gaeta.

Erasmus of Formia
Erasmus of Formia, also known as Saint Elmo (died c. 303), was a Christian saint and martyr. He is venerated as the patron saint of sailors and abdominal pain. Erasmus or Elmo is also one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers, saintly figures of Catholicism who are venerated especially as intercessors.
China Railways SS7B
The Shaoshan 7B (Chinese: 韶山7B) is a type of electric locomotive used by China's national railway system China Railways. This locomotive was one of China's 25-ton axle load test locomotives in the 1990s.

China Railways SS7
The Shaoshan 7 (Chinese: 韶山7) is a type of electric locomotive used on the People's Republic of China's national railway system. They are widely used on electrified lines in the southwest part of China.
Tony Dorigo
Anthony Robert Dorigo (born 31 December 1965) is a former professional footballer, sports pundit and co-commentator.

As a player, he was a defender from 1983 to 2001. He had lengthy spells in the old First Division for both Aston Villa and Chelsea before signing with Leeds United in 1991 where he won the title and went on to feature in the Premier League from 1992 to 1997. He later had spells in Serie B with Torino before returning to top-flight English football with Derby County. He retired in the Football League with Stoke City in 2001. Despite being born and raised in Australia, he represented the England national team receiving 15 caps. He was also capped at England U21 and England B team level.

Since retirement, Dorigo has worked in the media and has worked as a pundit and commentator for Eurosport, Bravo, Channel 5, ESPN and Sky Sports, amongst others.

England national football B team
England B is a secondary football team run occasionally as support for the England national football team. At times they have played other nations' full teams; they have also played matches against 'B' teams from other football associations. Since the team's first use in 1947, there have been 54 official and 3 unofficial B team matches. It has been inactive since May 2007.
The Boat Race 1987
The 133rd Boat Race took place on 28 March 1987.  Held annually, the Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  Oxford won by four lengths.  The race featured the tallest, heaviest, youngest and oldest crew members in the event's history.

Oxford's crew rebelled in the prelude to the race, with several American rowers and the cox leaving the squad in February after their coach Dan Topolski removed their compatriot Chris Clark from the crew, replacing him with Scottish rower Donald Macdonald.  The rebels were replaced in the main by the reserves.  Umpired by former Oxford Blue Colin Moynihan, it was the first year that the race was sponsored by Beefeater Gin, replacing Ladbrokes after ten years.

In the 23rd reserve race, Cambridge's Goldie defeated Oxford's Isis by one length. Cambridge won the 42nd Women's Boat Race.

Cambridge University Boat Club
The Cambridge University Boat Club (CUBC) is the rowing club of the University of Cambridge, England. The club was founded in 1828 and has been located at the Goldie Boathouse on the River Cam, Cambridge since 1882. Nowadays, training primarily takes place on the River Great Ouse at Ely.

The prime constitutional aim of CUBC is to beat Oxford University Boat Club in the annual Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race and Lightweight Boat Races. CUBC's Openweight Men's squad currently lead Oxford in the series by 87 races to 81, with 1 dead heat in The Boat Race 1877, while the Openweight Women's squad lead Oxford by 48 races to 30.  The Lightweight Men's squad lead Oxford by 31 races to 19, and the Lightweight Women's squad lead Oxford by 24 races to 17.
Arteriovenous malformation
An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system. Usually congenital, this vascular anomaly is widely known because of its occurrence in the central nervous system (usually as a cerebral AVM), but can appear anywhere in the body. The symptoms of AVMs can range from none at all to intense pain or bleeding, and they can lead to other serious medical problems.

Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are the site of the exchange of many substances from the surrounding interstitial fluid, and they convey blood from the smallest branches of the arteries (arterioles) to those of the veins (venules). Other substances which cross capillaries include water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea, glucose, uric acid, lactic acid and creatinine. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation.
Electronic filter
Electronic filters are a type of signal processing filter in the form of electrical circuits.  This article covers those filters consisting of lumped electronic components, as opposed to distributed-element filters.  That is, using components and interconnections that, in analysis, can be considered to exist at a single point.  These components can be in discrete packages or part of an integrated circuit.

Electronic filters remove unwanted frequency components from the applied signal, enhance wanted ones, or both. They can be:

passive or active

analog or digital

high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, band-stop (band-rejection; notch), or all-pass.

discrete-time (sampled) or continuous-time

linear or non-linear

infinite impulse response (IIR type) or finite impulse response (FIR type)

The most common types of electronic filters are linear filters, regardless of other aspects of their design. See the article on linear filters for details on their design and analysis.

Lumped-element model
The lumped-element model (also called lumped-parameter model, or lumped-component model) is a simplified representation of a physical system or circuit that assumes all components are concentrated at a single point and their behavior can be described by idealized mathematical models. The lumped-element model simplifies the system or circuit behavior description into a topology. It is useful in electrical systems (including electronics), mechanical multibody systems, heat transfer, acoustics, etc. This is in contrast to distributed parameter systems or models in which the behaviour is distributed spatially and cannot be considered as localized into discrete entities.

The simplification reduces the state space of the system to a finite dimension, and the partial differential equations (PDEs) of the continuous (infinite-dimensional) time and space model of the physical system into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a finite number of parameters.
Kia Niro
The Kia Niro (Korean: 기아 니로) is a subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment) manufactured by Kia since 2016. It is an electrification-focused vehicle, offering three versions: hybrid, plug-in hybrid and battery electric variants.

Kia K5
The Kia K5 (Korean: 기아 K5), formerly known as the Kia Optima (Korean: 기아 옵티마), is a mid-size car manufactured by Kia since 2000 and marketed globally through various nameplates. First generation cars were mostly marketed as the Optima, although the Kia Magentis name was used in Europe and Canada when sales began there in 2002. For the second-generation models, Kia used the Kia Lotze and Kia K5 name for the South Korean market, and the Magentis name globally, except in the United States, Canada, Malaysia and the Middle East, where the Optima name was retained until the 2021 model year. The K5 name is used for all markets since the introduction of the fifth generation in 2019.
Ivan Desyatov
Ivan "Vanya" Evgenyevich Desyatov (Russian: Иван Евгеньевич Десятов; born February 6, 2001) is a former Russian-American ice dancer. With his wife and former skating partner, Isabella Flores, he is the 2023 Golden Spin of Zagreb bronze medalist.

On October 18, 2024, Desyatov was temporarily suspended by the U.S. Center for SafeSport for allegations of misconduct, and on December 19, 2025, he was permanently suspended.

2023 CS Golden Spin of Zagreb
The 2023 CS Golden Spin of Zagreb was held on December 6–9, 2023, in Sisak, Croatia. It was the ninth and final event of the 2023–24 ISU Challenger Series. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
County Borough of Southend on Sea
The County Borough of Southend-on-Sea was a local government district covering the seaside resort of Southend-on-Sea in Essex, England. Southend was governed by an elected local board from 1866 until 1892, when the town was incorporated to become a municipal borough, at which point it was officially renamed Southend-on-Sea. The borough was raised to the status of a county borough in 1914, taking over the provision of county-level services from Essex County Council. The county borough was abolished in 1974 and replaced by a non-metropolitan district of Southend-on-Sea covering the same area but with its council having different powers.

Local board of health
A local board of health (or simply a local board) was a local authority in urban areas of England and Wales from 1848 to 1894. They were formed in response to cholera epidemics and were given powers to control sewers, clean the streets, regulate environmental health risks including slaughterhouses and ensure the proper supply of water to their districts. Local boards were eventually merged with the corporations of municipal boroughs in 1873, or became urban districts in 1894.
Placer Valley
The Placer Valley is a region spanning the western slope of Placer County in Northern California and refers to the valley of Placer County. Placer Valley is located in the greater Sacramento metropolitan area. The area is 71 square miles in total.

Cities in Placer Valley include, Lincoln, Rocklin, and Roseville. Communities in Placer Valley are, Loomis, Granite Bay, Newcastle and Sheridan.

Placer County, California
Placer County (/ˈplæsər/ PLASS-ər), officially the County of Placer, is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 404,739. The county seat is Auburn.

Placer County is included in the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. It is in both the Sacramento Valley and Sierra Nevada regions, in what is known as the Gold Country. The county stretches roughly 65 miles (105 km) from Sacramento's suburbs at Roseville to the Nevada border and the shore of Lake Tahoe.
Giulia Domenichetti
Giulia Domenichetti (born 29 April 1984) is an Italian former football midfielder and futsal player, both in the highest leagues in Italy. Before ending a three-year spell out of football in 2018, she mainly played for Sassari Torres in Italy's Serie A. She was a member of the Italian national team for nearly a decade, taking part in three European Championships.

ASD Women Torres Calcio
Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Women Torres Calcio, or simply Torres, is an Italian women's football club based in Sassari, Sardinia. The club was formed in 1980 and competed in Serie A until 2015. Torres's colours were blue and red. The team won seven league titles and eight Italian Women's Cups. They were refused a license for the 2015–16 Serie A season due to debts and now compete in Serie B.

After winning two doubles in 2000 and 2001, Torres became the first team to represent Italy in the newly founded UEFA Women's Cup. After 2009–10 the team was a regular competitor in the rebranded UEFA Women's Champions League, reaching the quarter-finals on three occasions.
Ivania Wong
Ivania Wong (born 23 September 1997) is a Papua New Guinea-born Australian rugby union player. She plays Wing for the Wallaroos internationally and for the Queensland Reds in the Super W competition. She competed for Australia at the delayed 2021 Rugby World Cup.

2021 Rugby World Cup
The 2021 Rugby World Cup was the ninth staging of the Women's Rugby World Cup, as organised by World Rugby. It was held from 8 October to 12 November 2022 in Auckland and Whangārei, New Zealand. It was originally scheduled to be held in 2021, but was postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

It was the first women's Rugby World Cup to be hosted by New Zealand, and by a country in the Southern Hemisphere. New Zealand were also the defending champions.

The tournament introduced several format changes, such as the replacement of classification play-offs in the knockout stage with quarter-finals, and a longer scheduling window with at least five days between matches.
Colombian literature
Colombian literature, as an expression of the culture of Colombia, is heterogeneous due to the coexistence of Spanish, African and Native American heritages in an extremely diverse geography. Five distinct historical and cultural traditions can be identified, with their own socioeconomic history: the Caribbean coast, Greater Antioquia, the Cundinamarca-Boyacá Highlands, Greater Tolima and the Western Valley. Colombia produced one of the richest literatures of Latin America, as much for its abundance as for its variety and innovation during the 19th and 20th centuries. Colombian intellectuals who forged the literature of this period also contributed decisively to the consolidation of Latin American literature. Colombia´s most important novels deal with monoculture and extraction of raw materials: One hundred years of solitude (Banana) by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Maria by Jose Isaacs (Sugar cane) and La vorágine (Rubber) by Jose Eustasio Rivera.

Jorge Isaacs
Jorge Isaacs Ferrer (April 1, 1837 – April 17, 1895) was a Colombian writer, politician and soldier. His only novel, María, became one of the most notable works of the Romantic movement in Spanish-language literature.
Pietra Tordin
Pietra Adao Tordin (born March 30, 2004) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Portland Thorns FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She played college soccer for the Princeton Tigers, earning third-team All-American honors.

Born in the United States to Brazilian parents, Tordin was briefly a youth international for Brazil before switching to the United States. She won bronze with the United States at the 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.

United States women's national under-20 soccer team
The United States U-20 women's national soccer team is a youth soccer team operated under the auspices of U.S. Soccer.  Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior women's national team.  The team most recently appeared in the 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Colombia, where they placed third. The team competes in a variety of competitions, including the biennial FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, which is the top competition for this age group.