hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ercan Kara
Ercan Kara (born 3 January 1996) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Rapid Wien, and the Austria national team.

He has previously played for Slovan HAC, Austria Wien II, FC Mauerwerk, SV Horn and Rapid Wien across five divisions of the Austrian football pyramid as well as Orlando City SC in Major League Soccer and Samsunspor in Süper Lig.

Orlando City SC
Orlando City Soccer Club is an American professional soccer club based in Orlando, Florida. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference. Owned by Zygi, Leonard, and Mark Wilf, it is the sister club of the National Women's Soccer League's Orlando Pride and MLS Next Pro's Orlando City B. The team plays its home games in downtown Orlando at Inter&Co Stadium, which is owned and operated by the club.

The team played as a charter member of the USL Pro, winning three Commissioner's Cups and two league championships in its first four seasons. The victories led to a successful bid to enter MLS, the highest level of the United States soccer league system, debuting in its 2015 season alongside New York City FC, and selling their USL franchise rights to Louisville City FC. Since its purchase by the Wilf family in 2021, the club has qualified twice for the CONCACAF Champions Cup, and won the U.S. Open Cup in 2022.
Dan Nica
Dan Nica KSR (born July 2, 1960) is a Romanian engineer and politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), he has been a Member of the European Parliament since 2014. He held a seat in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Galați County from 1996 to 2014. In the Adrian Năstase cabinet, he was Minister of Communications and Information Technology from 2000 to July 2004. In the Emil Boc cabinet, he was the Vice Prime Minister and Minister of Administration and Interior between February and October 2009. In the Victor Ponta cabinet, he served as Communications Minister for a second time, from May 2012 to February 2014.

Order of the Star of Romania
The Order of the Star of Romania (Romanian: Ordinul Steaua României) is Romania's highest civil Order and second highest State decoration after the Order of Michael the Brave. It is the oldest Order of Romania. It is awarded by the President of Romania, and has six grades, from lowest to the highest: Knight, Officer, Commander, Grand Officer, Grand Cross, and Collar.
Battle of Las Babias
The Battle of Las Babias occurred in the year 795 when the Emir of Cordoba, Hisham I of Córdoba sought to avenge his previous military incursions in 794 against the Kingdom of Asturias under the command of the brothers Abd al-Karim ibn Abd al-Walid ibn Mugaith and Abd al-Malik ibn Abd al-Walid ibn Mugaith. The previous battles resulted in devastating losses for the Emirate, most importantly at the Battle of Lutos where one of the Emir's generals was killed in action. The battle resulted in a Córdoban victory.

Hisham I of Córdoba
Hisham I Al-Reda ibn Abd ar-Rahman (Arabic: هشام بن عبد الرحمن الداخل) was the second Emir of Cordoba, ruling from 788 to 796 in al-Andalus.

Hisham was born April 26, 757 in Cordoba. He was the first son of Abd al-Rahman I (r. 756-788) and his wife, Halul, and the younger half brother of Suleiman.
Denny Huang
Dr. Denny Mong-hwa Huang OBE (Chinese: 黃夢花; 24 July 1920 – 1 August 2007) was a Hong Kong doctor and politician. He was elected member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong from 1967 to 1986 and Hong Kong member to the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference from 1986 to 1998.

Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council.

The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ex-officio and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage.
Epley maneuver
The Epley maneuver or  repositioning maneuver is a maneuver used by medical professionals to treat one common cause of vertigo, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) of the posterior or anterior canals of the ear. The maneuver works by allowing free-floating particles, namely displaced otoconia (calcium carbonate structures), from the affected semicircular canal to be relocated by using gravity, back into the utricle, where they can no longer stimulate the cupula, therefore relieving the patient of bothersome vertigo. The maneuver was developed by the physician John M. Epley, and was first described in 1980.

A version of the maneuver called the "modified" Epley does not include vibrations of the mastoid process originally indicated by Epley, as the vibration procedures have been proven ineffective. The modified procedure is now the one generally accepted as the Epley maneuver.

Semicircular canals
The semicircular canals are three semicircular interconnected tubes located in the innermost part of each ear, the inner ear. The three canals are the lateral, anterior and posterior semicircular canals. They are the part of the bony labyrinth, a periosteum-lined cavity on the petrous part of the temporal bone filled with perilymph.

Each semicircular canal contains its respective semicircular duct, i.e. the lateral, anterior and posterior semicircular ducts, which provide the sensation of angular acceleration and are part of the membranous labyrinth—therefore filled with endolymph.
Emile Griffith
Emile Alphonse Griffith (February 3, 1938 – July 23, 2013) was an American professional boxer who won world titles in three weight divisions. He held the world light middleweight, undisputed welterweight, and middleweight titles. His best-known contest was a 1962 title match with Benny Paret. Griffith won the bout by knockout; Paret never recovered consciousness and died in the hospital 10 days later.

In 1963 and 1964, Griffith was voted Fighter of the Year by The Ring magazine and the Boxing Writers Association of America. In 2002, he was listed #33 on Ring Magazine's list of 80 greatest fighters of the past 80 years. Griffith currently ranks #127 in BoxRec's ranking of the greatest pound for pound boxers of all time. He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in the inaugural class of 1990.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Donda Chant
"Donda Chant" is the opening track of American rapper Kanye West's tenth studio album, Donda (2021). A spoken word song, it solely features vocals from American singer-songwriter Syleena Johnson, and was written by West and Johnson alongside Malik Yusef. Johnson flew out to San Francisco to record for the album in July 2021, and recorded the song the same day. Upon the release of Donda, it received overwhelmingly negative reviews from music critics.

Despite not being released as a single, the song charted on the ARIA Charts in Australia, peaking at number 57. The song also made charts in Portugal and South Africa, peaking at number 112 and number 30 respectively. A music video for the song was released via Instagram by West on September 18, 2021. Throughout the video, pictures of both Kanye and his mother Donda West are projected atop a replica of the former's childhood home.

Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa
The Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa (AFP; English: Portuguese Phonographic Association) is the recording industry association of the major labels in Portugal. Created in 1989, it succeeded GPPFV (Portuguese group of producers of phonograms and videograms) and UNEVA (Union of audio and video editors).

The AFP is the Portuguese group of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI). The AFP gathers the main record publishers that operate in the Portuguese market and its affiliates represent more than 95% of the market.

In January 1994, AFP suspended the Portuguese singles chart but continued to publish the Portuguese albums chart. The singles chart was not resumed until July 2000.
Close Combined
Close Combined (Glasgow, London, Tokyo – Live) (album is stylized in uppercase, and the overall tour/recording project as "CLOSE COMBINED") is a compilation album by the British-Canadian minimalist techno DJ Richie Hawtin. Released on 20 September 2019 on his Plus 8 records imprint, it consists of 16 heavily remixed tracks from three live performances during his 2019 CLOSE live tour. The set list includes tracks by Charlotte de Witte, Mental Resonance, Ricardo Garduno, Edit Select and Kaiserdisco.

The record and tour were met with universal critical acclaim, and the audio release is considered among his finest work, and comparable to his classic mixes Decks, EFX & 909 (live, 1999) and DE9: Closer to the Edit  (studio, 2001).

Hawtin's two-hour (un-edited) live performance "FOLD—London UK" contains different mixes of several tracks and was released on video in October 2019.

Decks, EFX & 909
Decks, EFX & 909 is a 1999 compilation album by Canadian electronic music artist Richie Hawtin. It was created utilizing two turntables, an effects box, and a Roland TR-909 drum machine. Subsequently, followed by DE9: Closer to the Edit (2001) and DE9: Transitions (2005), it is the first entry in his DE9 series.
Benjamin Milstein
Benjamin Bethel Milstein (30 September 1918 – 22 April 2013) was a British surgeon and heart surgery pioneer who was heavily involved in the development of cardiothoracic surgery and early heart transplant attempts. He was a longtime employee of Papworth Hospital, a leading British heart and lung hospital.

Cardiac surgery
Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is a  surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. It is often used to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, with coronary artery bypass grafting); to correct congenital heart disease; or to treat valvular heart disease from various causes, including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and atherosclerosis. It also includes heart transplantation.
Ávalos
Ávalos is a Spanish surname or part of a surname. Notable people with the name include:

Cristiano Ávalos dos Passos (born 1977), Brazilian footballer

Enrique Tovar Ávalos, Mexican film director

Fernando Horácio Ávalos (born 1978), Argentine footballer

John Avalos (born 1964), American politician

Johnny Avalos (born 1986), American serial killer

Jorge Ramos Ávalos (born 1958), Mexican-American journalist and author

José Vicente Rangel Ávalos, the mayor of Sucre Municipality in Venezuela

Juan de Ávalos (1911–2006), Spanish sculptor

Luis Ávalos (1946–2014), Cuban actor

Víctor Hugo Ávalos (1971–2009), Paraguayan footballer

The d'Ávalos were prominent in Renaissance Italy :

Fernando d'Avalos (1489–1525), 5th Marquess of Pescara, won the Battle of Pavia

Alfonso d'Avalos (1502–1546), Italian condottiero and 6th Marquess of Pescara

Francesco Ferdinando d'Ávalos (1530–1571), 7th Marquess of Pescara

House of Ávalos
The House of Ávalos (also mentioned in sources as Dávalos, Ávalos, Ábalos, de Ávalos, Avalo, Abalón) is an aristocratic family of Spanish origin that also branched out in Italy starting from the 15th century. The Italian branch of the family was the owner of numerous fiefs in the Kingdom of Naples until the abolition of feudalism and in the Duchy of Milan, including within it several notable figures in the political, military and ecclesiastical fields.

The d'Avalos family also had, in the person of Cesare Michelangelo d'Avalos, the title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire and the right to mint coins. The family held the title (although it became substantially honorific in the mid-16th century) of Grand Chamberlain or Camerlengo, one of the Seven Great Offices of the Kingdom of Naples, for 195 years.
Robert Solow
Robert Merton Solow, GCIH (/ˈsoʊloʊ/; August 23, 1924 – December 21, 2023) was an American economist known for his studies of economic growth and the development of the Solow–Swan model, for which he won the 1987 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.

He was Institute Professor Emeritus of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he was a professor from 1949 on. He was awarded the John Bates Clark Medal in 1961, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1987, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2014. Four of his PhD students, George Akerlof, Joseph Stiglitz, Peter Diamond, and William Nordhaus, later received Nobel Memorial Prizes in Economic Sciences in their own right.

Order of Prince Henry
The Order of Prince Henry (Portuguese: Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique) is a Portuguese order of knighthood created on 2 June 1960, to commemorate the quincentenary of the death of the Portuguese infante Prince Henry the Navigator, one of the main initiators of the Age of Discovery. Minor reforms of the constitution of the Order occurred in 1962 and 1980.

It is a five-tier order, whose titles are awarded for relevant services to Portugal and for services in the expansion of the Portuguese culture, its history and its values (with a particular focus on its maritime history). The number of members in each grade is restricted by its constitution, and titles are conferred by special decree by the Grand Master of the Order, i.e., the President of Portugal.
History of pathology
The history of pathology can be traced to the earliest application of the scientific method to the field of medicine, a development which occurred in the Middle East during the Islamic Golden Age and in Western Europe during the Italian Renaissance.

Early systematic human dissections were carried out by the Ancient Greek physicians Herophilus of Chalcedon and Erasistratus of Chios in the early part of the third century BC. The first physician known to have made postmortem dissections was the Arabian physician Avenzoar (1091–1161).  Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902) is generally recognized to be the father of microscopic pathology.  Most early pathologists were also practicing physicians or surgeons.

Herophilos
Herophilos (/hɪˈrɒfɪləs/; Ancient Greek: Ἡρόφιλος; 335–280 BC), sometimes Latinised Herophilus, was a Greek physician regarded as one of the earliest anatomists. Born in Chalcedon, he spent the majority of his life in Alexandria. He was the first scientist to systematically perform scientific dissections of human cadavers. He recorded his findings in over nine works, which are now all lost. The early Christian author Tertullian states that Herophilos vivisected at least 600 prisoners; however, this account has been disputed by many historians. He is often seen as the father of anatomy.
Jorge Larrañaga
Jorge Washington Larrañaga Fraga (8 August 1956 – 22 May 2021) was a Uruguayan lawyer and politician of the National Party (PN) who served as  Minister of the Interior from 1 March 2020 until his death. He  previously served as Intendant of Paysandú from 1990 to 1999, as well as a Senator between 2000 and 2020.

Paysandú Department
Paysandú Department (Spanish pronunciation: [pajsanˈdu]) is a department of the northwestern region of Uruguay. It has an area of 13,922 km2 (5,375 sq mi) and a population of 121,843. Its capital is the city of Paysandú. It borders Salto Department to its north, Tacuarembó Department to its east, Río Negro Department to its south and has the Río Uruguay flowing at its west, separating it from Argentina.

The origin of its name is debated but is likely to be of Charrúa origin.
Chuck Blazer
Charles Gordon Blazer (April 26, 1945 – July 12, 2017) was an American soccer administrator, who held a number of high level positions before becoming a government informant on widespread corruption within organized soccer and subsequently being banned by FIFA in 2015. He was a FIFA Executive Committee member from 1996 to 2013, the CONCACAF general secretary from 1990 to 2011, and executive vice president of the U.S. Soccer Federation.

In 2013, Blazer admitted to conspiring with other FIFA executive committee members to accept bribes in conjunction with the failed bid of Morocco and the successful bid of South Africa to become World Cup hosts in 1998 and 2010, respectively. His admissions came during testimony given at a sealed sentencing proceeding in a New York federal court.

United States Soccer Federation
The United States Soccer Federation (USSF), commonly referred to as U.S. Soccer, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization and the official governing body of soccer in the United States. It is a full member of FIFA and governs American soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, Major League Soccer (MLS), the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), youth organizations, as well as the beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic, and deaf national teams. U.S. Soccer sanctions referees and soccer tournaments for most soccer leagues in the United States. It also administers and operates the U.S. Open Cup and SheBelieves Cup. U.S. Soccer is headquartered in Chicago.
Ball (association football)
A football or soccer ball is the ball used in the sport of association football. The ball's spherical shape, as well as its size, mass, and material composition, are specified by Law 2 of the Laws of the Game maintained by the International Football Association Board. Additional, more stringent standards are specified by FIFA and other governing bodies for the balls used in the competitions they sanction.

The modern 32-panel ball design was developed in 1962 by Eigil Nielsen, and technological research continues to develop footballs with improved performance. The 32-panel ball design was soon joined by 24-panel balls as well as 42-panel balls, both of which improved on performance prior to 2007.

A black-and-white patterned spherical truncated icosahedron design, brought to prominence by the Adidas Telstar, has become a symbol of association football. Many different designs of balls exist, varying both in appearance and physical characteristics.

International Football Association Board
The International Football Association Board (IFAB) is an international self-regulatory body of association football that is known for determining the Laws of the Game, the regulations for the gameplay of football. It was founded in 1886 in order to establish standardised regulations or "Laws" for the gameplay of international competition, and has since acted as the primary maintainer ("Guardian") of these Laws. FIFA, a prominent governing body for football, has recognised IFAB's jurisdiction over its Laws since its establishment in 1904.

IFAB is a distinct body from FIFA, although FIFA is represented on the board and holds 50% of the voting power. The founding football associations of IFAB, England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales each have permanent seats on the organisation. Amendments to the Laws mandate a three-quarter supermajority vote, meaning that FIFA's support is necessary but not sufficient for a motion to pass.
Museum of Italian Art
The Museum of Italian Art (Spanish: Museo de Arte italiano) is a public museum in Lima, Peru. It is the only European arts museum in Lima. Openened in 1923, it is now managed by the Peruvian Ministry of Culture.

Ministry of Culture (Peru)
The Ministry of Culture (Spanish: Ministerio de Cultura, MINCUL) is the government ministry of Peru in charge of the promotion of Peruvian culture and identity. It was created on 20 July 2010, during the Second presidency of Alan García. It replaced the National Institute of Culture (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Cultura, INC), with Juan Ossio Acuña serving as its inaugural minister after his appointment on 4 September 2010.

As of 2025, the culture minister is Fabricio Valencia
Peder Hjermann
Peder Hjermann (1 December 1754 –  25 December 1834) was a farmer and elected official who served as a representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly.

Peder (Per) Pedersson Hjermann was born in Lærdal in Nordre Bergenhus county. He was youngest of seven siblings born to the sheriff in the village. In adulthood, he became a farmer at the Stødno farm which was located in the Hauge parish of Lærdal Municipality. He also served as one of the Settlement Commissioners (Forlikskommissær) from the time the Conciliation Board (Forliksråd ) was introduced in  rural areas in 1797 until 1813.

Peder Hjermann represented Nordre Bergenhus amt (now part of Vestland county) at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll Manor in 1814 together with Lars Johannes Irgens and  Niels Nielsen. All three representatives  supported the independence party  (Selvstendighetspartiet).

Norwegian Constituent Assembly
The Norwegian Constituent Assembly (Norwegian: Grunnlovsforsamlingen or Riksforsamlingen) is the name given to the 1814 constitutional assembly that adopted the Norwegian Constitution and formalised the dissolution of the union with Denmark. The meetings took place at the Eidsvoll Manor in the village of Eidsvoll Verk in the Eidsvoll parish in Akershus county, Norway from 10 April to 20 May 1814. In Norway, it is often just referred to as Eidsvollsforsamlingen, which means The Assembly of Eidsvoll.
Hamza Abdelkarim
Hamza Mohamed Abdelkarim Selim (Arabic: حمزة عبدالكريم; born 1 January 2008) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Segunda Federación club Barcelona Atlètic, on loan from Egyptian Premier League club Al Ahly.

FC Barcelona Atlètic
Futbol Club Barcelona Atlètic, commonly referred to as Barcelona B, Barça Atlètic or Barça B, is a football team based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that competes in Segunda Federación – Group 3, the fourth tier of the Spanish league system. Founded in 1970, it is the reserve team of FC Barcelona and it plays its home fixtures at Johan Cruyff Stadium.

Reserve teams in Spain play in the same league system as the senior team, rather than in a reserve team league. They must play at least one level below their main side, and they are not eligible to play in the Copa del Rey.
Norfolk Militia
The Norfolk Militia was an auxiliary military force in the English county of Norfolk in East Anglia. From their formal organisation as Trained Bands in 1558 until their final service as the Special Reserve, the Militia regiments of the county carried out internal security and home defence duties in all of Britain's major wars. They saw active service during the Bishops' Wars, the English Civil Wars and the Second Boer War, and finally trained thousands of reinforcements during World War I. After a shadowy postwar existence they were formally disbanded in 1953.

Trained band
Trained bands were companies of part-time militia in England, Wales and the Americas. First organized in the 16th century and dissolved in the 18th. The term was used after this time to describe the London militia.

In England and Wales, organised by county, they were supposed to drill on a regular basis, although this was rarely the case in practice. The regular army was formed from the Trained Bands in the event of war, though the inability or unwillingness of many of the bands to serve outside of their home regions often left the army short on manpower compared to the paper strength implied by the Trained Bands rolls. They later became common in the American colonies, where they are normally referred to as Trainbands. Similar organisations include the Dutch Schutterij, and the Swiss militia, elements of which remain in existence today.