hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
VEKA
VEKA AG is a German extruder of uPVC profiles for use in windows, doors, roller shutters and sliding doors headquartered in Sendenhorst, Germany. Founded in 1967 as a manufacturer of shutters, it currently operates its own extrusion facilities in twelve countries. It also operates representative offices in more than forty countries, including the United Arab Emirates and India.

Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene). About 40 million tons of PVC are produced each year.

PVC comes in rigid (sometimes abbreviated as RPVC) and flexible forms. Rigid PVC is used in construction for pipes, doors and windows. It is also used in making plastic bottles, packaging, and bank or membership cards. Adding plasticizers makes PVC softer and more flexible. It is used in plumbing, electrical cable insulation, flooring, signage, phonograph records, inflatable products, and in rubber substitutes. With cotton or linen, it is used in the production of canvas.

Polyvinyl chloride is a white, brittle solid. It is soluble in ketones, chlorinated solvents, dimethylformamide, THF and DMAc.
Salaamathi
Salaamathi (Dhivehi: ސަލާމަތީ, romanized: Salaamathee) was the instrumental national anthem of the Sultanate of Maldives until 1948. The name means "Safety" in Dhivehi language.

It was played by the royal band on state occasions at the Etherekoilu, the Sultan's residence, usually preceded by a seven-gun salute from the Aa-Kotte Buruzu bastion inside.

Sultanate of the Maldive Islands
The Sultanate of the Maldive Islands was an Islamic monarchy that controlled the Maldives for over eight centuries (1153–1968), with one interruption from 1953–1954.

Maldives was a Buddhist kingdom until its last monarch, King Dhovemi, converted to Islam in the year 1153; thereafter he also adopted the Muslim title and name of Sultan Muhammad al-Adil. Six dynasties would rule over the Maldives until the Sultanate become elective in 1932.

From the 16th century, the Sultanate increasingly came under European influence, starting with a 15-year period of Portuguese rule. After the expulsion of the Portuguese, the Maldives became subject to Dutch hegemony before finally becoming a British protected state in 1796. Following an abortive attempt at forming a republic in 1953, the emergence of a short-lived breakaway state, and the establishment of independence from the United Kingdom, the Sultanate was abolished following a successful referendum in 1968, and the Maldives became a republic.
Surface Go
The Surface Go is a 10-inch (250 mm) 2-in-1 detachable in the Microsoft Surface series that was released on August 2, 2018. It was unveiled by Microsoft on July 10, 2018. It was the first generation of the Surface Go. In May 2020, the Surface Go was superseded by the Surface Go 2.

The device runs Windows 10 Home in S-Mode and features a 5MP front facing camera, an infrared camera, 8 MP rear camera, a NFC chip and a kickstand supporting an angle of up to 165°. The screen is a 3:2 optically-bonded PixelSense 1800 × 1200 display with a density of 217 PPI and a full 180 degree viewing angle. The Surface Go starts at US$399 and does not include a Type Cover or Surface Pen, which must be purchased separately. The Type Cover is offered in black, plus three options with Alcantara fabric—Burgundy, Cobalt Blue, and Platinum. The Type Cover also uses an 8-pin connection instead of the 6-pin connection featured in past Surfaces, breaking compatibility with other models.

Windows 10 editions
Windows 10 has several editions, all with varying feature sets, use cases, or intended devices. Certain editions are distributed only on devices directly from an original equipment manufacturer (OEM), while editions such as Enterprise and Education are only available through volume licensing channels. Microsoft also makes editions of Windows 10 available to device manufacturers for use on specific classes of devices, including IoT devices, and previously marketed Windows 10 Mobile for smartphones.
Godwin Obasi
Godwin Olu Patrick Obasi // ⓘ (24 December 1933 – 3 March 2007) was a Nigerian meteorologist and the secretary-general of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) from 1984 to 2003. He was the first African to serve as the head of a UN agency.

Obasi studied at McGill University and MIT, before returning to Nigeria, and hold key roles in the Nigerian Meteorological Department. He also served as a professor and dean at the University of Nairobi, where he advanced meteorological education. Obasi joined the WMO in 1978 and was pivotal in promoting global climate agreements. He was honoured with numerous awards, including Nigeria Centenary Award. He is remembered as "Africa's gift to the world of climate science".

University of Nairobi
The University of Nairobi (uonbi or UoN; Swahili: Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi) is a collegiate research university based in Nairobi and is the largest university in Kenya. Although its history as an educational institution dates back to 1956, it did not become an independent university until 1970. During that year, the University of East Africa was split into three independent universities: the Makerere University in Uganda, the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania, and the University of Nairobi in Kenya.

During the 2023 academic year, the university had 49,047 students, of whom 35,897 were undergraduates and 11,003 were postgraduates. The university launched several policy frameworks and introduced self-funded enrollment (also called 'module 2') to cope with the rising demand for higher education in Kenya.
White-throated honeyeater
The white-throated honeyeater (Melithreptus albogularis) is a bird of the honeyeater family Meliphagidae native to New Guinea and eastern and northern Australia. It is 11.5 to 14.5 cm (4.5 to 5.7 in) long, olive-green above and white below, with a black head, a white or pale blue patch over the eye, and a white stripe across the nape.

White-naped honeyeater
The white-naped honeyeater (Melithreptus lunatus) is a passerine bird of the honeyeater family Meliphagidae native to eastern Australia. Birds from southwestern Australia have been shown to be a distinct species, Gilbert's honeyeater, and the eastern birds are more closely related to the black-headed honeyeater of Tasmania. One of several similar species of black-headed honeyeaters in the genus Melithreptus, it dwells in dry sclerophyll eucalypt woodland. Its diet consists of nectar from various flowers, and it also feeds on insects.
FBReader
FBReader is an e-book reader for Linux, Microsoft Windows, Android, and other platforms.

It was originally written for the Sharp Zaurus and currently runs on many other mobile devices, like the Nokia Internet Tablets, as well as desktop computers. A preview of FBReaderJ (the Java port) for Google Android was released on April 13, 2008.

Supported formats include EPUB, FictionBook, HTML, plucker, PalmDoc, zTxt, TCR, CHM, RTF, OEB, mobi without DRM, and plain-text.

It has support for books with Readium LCP content protection.

It was formerly free software under the GPL, but since 2015 (v2.7) is proprietary software.

E-reader
An e-reader, also called an e reader or e device, is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital e-books and periodicals.

Any device that can display text on a screen may act as an e-reader; however, specialized e-reader devices may optimize portability, readability, and battery life for this purpose. Their main advantage over printed books is portability: an e-reader is capable of storing thousands of books while weighing less than a single one. Another advantage is the convenience provided by add-on features.
The Very Best of The Commodores (1995 album)
The Very Best of The Commodores is the seventh compilation album by American funk/soul band Commodores, released in 1995 on Motown Records. The album charted at No. 26 on the UK Pop Albums chart and at No. 39 on the New Zealand Pop Albums chart. The album has been certified Silver in the UK by the BPI.

Commodores
Commodores, often billed as the Commodores, is  an American funk and soul group. The group's most successful period was in the late 1970s and early 1980s when Lionel Richie was the co-lead singer.

The members of the group met as mostly freshmen at Tuskegee Institute (now Tuskegee University) in 1968, and signed with Motown in November 1972, having first caught the public eye opening for the Jackson 5 while on tour.

The band's biggest hit singles are ballads such as "Easy", "Three Times a Lady", and "Nightshift"; and funk-influenced dance songs, including "Brick House", "Fancy Dancer", "Lady (You Bring Me Up)", and "Too Hot ta Trot".

Commodores were inducted into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame and Vocal Group Hall of Fame. The band has also won one Grammy Award out of nine nominations. The Commodores have sold over 70 million albums worldwide.
Interior Plains
The  Interior Plains is a vast international region that spreads across the Laurentian craton of central North America. It extends along the east flank of the Rocky Mountains from the Gulf Coast region to the Arctic Beaufort Sea. In Canada, it encompasses the Canadian Prairies separating the Canadian Rockies from the Canadian Shield, as well as the Boreal Plains and Taiga Plains east of the Mackenzie and Richardson Mountains. In the United States, it includes the Great Plains of the West/Midwest and the tallgrass prairie region to the south of the Great Lakes extending east to the Appalachian Plateau region.

Laurentia
Laurentia or the North American craton is a large continental craton that forms the ancient geological core of North America. Many times in its past, Laurentia has been a separate continent, as it is now in the form of North America, although originally it also included the cratonic areas of Greenland and the Hebridean terrane in northwest Scotland. During other times in its past, Laurentia has been part of larger continents and supercontinents and consists of many smaller terranes assembled on a network of early Proterozoic orogenic belts. Small microcontinents and oceanic islands collided with and sutured onto the ever-growing Laurentia, and together formed the stable Precambrian craton seen today.
Zoe Longfield
Zoe Longfield (1924–2013) was an American abstract expressionist artist from the San Francisco Bay Area. She was among the first generation of Abstract Expressionists, which arose primarily in New York and San Francisco in the second half of the 1940s. She appears, with fellow student Frank Lobdell and others, in a 1948 photograph from the California School of Fine Arts (CSFA). During her few years of activity, Longfield produced a significant body of paintings, prints, and drawings showcasing a unique visual aesthetic.

Ernest Briggs
Ernest P. Briggs Jr. (1923–1984), was an American painter. He was an Abstract Expressionist painter from the second-generation, he is known for his expressive and sometimes calligraphic brushwork, and his geometric compositions. His work caused a revolution in abstract painting that secured New York City's position as the art capital of the world during the post-World War II period.
Back to the Past (film)
Back to the Past (Chinese: 尋秦記) is a 2025 Hong Kong historical science fiction action film directed by Ng Yuen-fai and Jack Lai, with action directed by Sammo Hung. The film is a legacy sequel of the 2001 television series, A Step into the Past, which was a spiritual sequel of the Wong Yee's novel, The Chronicles of Searching Qin. Louis Koo, Raymond Lam, Jessica Hsuan, Sonija Kwok, Joyce Tang, Power Chan, Jimmy Au, Wong Man-piu, Liu Kai-chi, John Tang, and Michelle Saram reprising their roles from the series, alongside newcomers from the film include Louis Cheung, Wu Yue, Timmy Hung, Chris Collins, Kevin Chu, Bai Baihe, and Michael Miu.

Produced by Koo's One Cool Film Production, filming for Back to the Past began in April 2019 in Guizhou and wrapped up on 7 July 2019. It was theatrically released on 31 December 2025 in Hong Kong.

Stage combat
Stage combat, fight craft  or fight choreography is a specialised technique in theatre designed to create the illusion of physical combat without causing harm to the performers. It is employed in live stage plays as well as operatic and ballet productions. With the advent of cinema and television the term has widened to also include the choreography of filmed fighting sequences, as opposed to the earlier live performances on stage. It is closely related to the practice of stunts and is a common field of study for actors. Actors famous for their stage fighting skills frequently have backgrounds in dance, gymnastics or martial arts training.
Fyffe Christie
Fyffe William George Christie (2 February 1918, Bushey, Hertfordshire, England – 6 March 1979) was a British figurative artist and mural painter. He served in the British Army during World War II as a bagpiper and stretcher bearer. He began painting during the war and attended the Glasgow School of Art from 1946 to 1951. After graduating, he began painting murals, including Christ Feeding the People (1950-1951) and various others in Glasgow, including one in the Glasgow University Union. Christie then moved to London, where he taught at various schools and continued painting.

Stretcher bearer
A stretcher-bearer is a person who carries a stretcher, generally with another person at its other end, especially in a war or emergency times when there is a very serious accident or a disaster.

In case of military personnel, for example removing wounded or dead from a battlefield, the modern term is combat medic who will have received considerable training. Stretcher-bearers would have received basic first-aid training. The wounded soldier had to wait until the stretcher-bearers arrived or simply the stretcher-bearers will find them.

In times of war, stretcher-bearers may in certain situations be covered by Art. 25 of the First (Geneva) Convention of 1949 under the category of auxiliary medical personnel.
Bazaliia
Bazaliia (Ukrainian: Базалія) is a rural settlement in Khmelnytskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located on the Sluch River. Bazaliia belongs to Teofipol settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. According to the 2001 census, its population was 2,114. Current population: 1,461 (2022 estimate).

Sluch (Ukraine)
The Sluch or Southern Sluch (Ukrainian: Случ; Russian: Случь, Южная Случь; Polish: Słucz; Czech: Sluč, Jižní Sluč) is a river in Ukraine. It is a right tributary of the Horyn. It has a length of 451 kilometres (280 mi) and a drainage basin of 13,800 square kilometres (5,300 sq mi). The Sluch takes its source in the Ukrainian oblast of Khmelnytskyi. It then flows through the Zhytomyr and Rivne oblasts, and briefly along the Ukrainian-Belarusian border before finally emptying into the Horyn.

Cities and towns located on the Sluch river include: Zviahel, Berezne, and Sarny.
REX2
REX2 is a proprietary type of audio sample loop file format developed by Reason Studios, a Swedish music software company.

It is one of the most popular and widely supported loop file formats for sequencer and digital audio workstation software. It is supported by PreSonus Studio One, Reason Studios Reason, Steinberg Cubase, Steinberg Nuendo, Cockos REAPER, Apple Logic, Avid Pro Tools, Ableton Live, Cakewalk Project5, Cakewalk Sonar, Image-Line FL Studio, MOTU Digital Performer, MOTU Mach 5 (software sampler), and Synapse Audio Orion Platinum, among others.

REX files are named after the three-letter filename suffix for "ReCycle EXport", as these are files generated by Reason Studios's ReCycle looping utility. The filename extensions for the file format are .rex and .rx2.

Filename extension
A filename extension, file name extension or file extension is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that indicates a characteristic of the file contents or its intended use. A filename extension is typically delimited from the rest of the filename with a full stop (period), but in some systems it is separated with spaces.

Some file systems, such as the FAT file system used in DOS, implement filename extensions as a feature of the file system itself and may limit the length and format of the extension, while others, such as Unix file systems, the VFAT file system, and NTFS, treat filename extensions as part of the filename without special distinction.
David Spence (mathematician)
David Allan Spence FIMA FRAeS (3 January 1926 – 7 September 2003) was a mathematician who applied his mathematical skills in the aeronautics industry, and to the understanding of geophysical problems. He was born and educated in New Zealand, later moving to England, to take up a Doctorate in Engineering at Clare College, Cambridge.   He was employed for a period of time at the then Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough, after which he was appointed to the Engineering Department of the University of Oxford, where he stayed for twenty years. Later, he held the position of Professor of Mathematics at Imperial College London.

Royal Aeronautical Society
The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS, or CRAeS, respectively.
Art of the Upper Paleolithic
The art of the Upper Paleolithic represents the oldest form of prehistoric art. Figurative art is present in Europe and Southeast Asia, beginning around 50,000 years ago. European Upper Paleolithic art is known informally as "Ice Age art", in reference to the last glacial period.

Non-figurative cave paintings, consisting of hand stencils and simple geometric shapes, are somewhat older, and possibly as old as 64,000 years. This latter estimate is due to a controversial 2018 study based on uranium-thorium dating, which would imply Neanderthal authorship and qualify as art of the Middle Paleolithic.

Figurative art
Figurative art, sometimes written as figurativism, describes artwork (particularly paintings and sculptures) that is clearly derived from real object sources and so is, by definition, representational. The term is often in contrast to abstract art:

Since the arrival of abstract art the term figurative has been used to refer to any form of modern art that retains strong references to the real world.

Painting and sculpture can therefore be divided into the categories of figurative, representational and abstract, although, strictly speaking, abstract art is derived (or abstracted) from a figurative or other natural source. However, "abstract" is sometimes used as a synonym of non-representational art and non-objective art, i.e. art which has no derivation from figures or objects.

Figurative art is not synonymous with figure painting (art that represents the human figure), although human and animal figures are frequent subjects.
Boyd McDonald (composer)
Boyd McDonald (born 28 September 1932) is a Canadian pianist, fortepianist, composer, and music educator. An associate of the Canadian Music Centre, his compositional output includes works for choirs, bands, orchestras, and art songs. His works have been performed throughout Canada and Europe by ensembles like the Kitchener-Waterloo Symphony, the Renaissance Singers, the Scholars of London, Symphony Hamilton, the Waterloo Chamber Players, and the Wellington Winds among others.

A documentary film regarding Boyd's life, "From the City of Bridges to the City of Lights", premiered on 27 October 2024 in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.

Fortepiano
A fortepiano [ˌfɔrteˈpjaːno] is an early piano. In principle, the word "fortepiano" can designate any piano dating from the invention of the instrument by Bartolomeo Cristofori in 1700 up to the early 19th century. Most typically, however, it is used to refer to the mid-18th to early-19th century instruments, for which composers of the Classical era, such as Haydn, Mozart wrote their piano music. Sometimes the work of Beethoven and Schubert is likewise considered as fortepiano music.

Starting in the late 18th century, the fortepiano began a period of steady evolution, culminating in the late 19th century with the modern grand. The earlier fortepiano became obsolete and was absent from the musical scene for many decades. In the later 20th century, the fortepiano was revived, following the rise of interest in historically informed performance. Fortepianos are built for that purpose, in specialist workshops.
Hokke-ji (Gifu)
Hokke-ji (法華寺) is a Buddhist temple of the Shingon school located in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Though its formal name is Hokke-ji, it is more well known by its unofficial name, Mitahora Kōbō (三田洞弘法).

It is located in the foothills of Mount Dodo, the largest mountain in the city of Gifu. Also, it is the fifteenth of the Mino Thirty-three Kannon.

Mino Thirty-three Kannon
The Mino Thirty-three Kannon (美濃三十三観音, Mino Sanjūsan Kannon) are a collection of Buddhist temples in southern Gifu Prefecture, Japan. The name is derived from Mino Province, the former name for the area. The list was originally created during the mid-Edo period.
Detached Unit of the Polish Army
The Detached Unit of the Polish Army or Separated Unit of the Polish Army (Polish: Oddział Wydzielony Wojska Polskiego) was one of the first Polish partisan units of World War II (and thus one of the first partisan units of the conflict). It operated in Poland's Kielce region and Holy Cross Mountains and was commanded by Major Henryk Dobrzański (also known by his nom-de-guerre, "Hubal"), and due to the prominence of its commander has also been commonly known as Hubal's Unit or the Hubal Partisans (Hubalczycy).

Paul Latawski writes that the unit's exploits had "some large successes against the German security forces" but led to "brutal reprisals" against local civilians. The Germans eventually destroyed the unit in the spring of 1940, "killing Dobrzański but creating a partisan legend".

Polish resistance movement in World War II
In Poland, the resistance movement during World War II was led by the Home Army. The Polish resistance is notable among others for disrupting German supply lines to the Eastern Front (damaging or destroying 1/8 of all rail transports), and providing intelligence reports to the British intelligence agencies (providing 43% of all reports from occupied Europe). It was a part of the Polish Underground State.
Drift current
In condensed matter physics and electrochemistry, drift current is the electric current, or movement of charge carriers, which is due to the applied electric field, often stated as the electromotive force over a given distance. When an electric field is applied across a semiconductor material, a current is produced due to the flow of charge carriers.

The drift velocity is the average velocity of the charge carriers in the drift current. The drift velocity, and resulting current, is characterized by the mobility; for details, see electron mobility (for solids) or electrical mobility (for a more general discussion).

See drift–diffusion equation for the way that the drift current, diffusion current, and carrier generation and recombination are combined into a single equation.

Electrical mobility
Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is pulling them. The separation of ions according to their mobility in gas phase is called ion mobility spectrometry, in liquid phase it is called electrophoresis.