hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indian 100-rupee note
The Indian 100-rupee banknote (₹100) is a denomination of the Indian rupee. It has been in continuous production since Reserve Bank of India took over the functions of the controller of currency in India in 1935. The present ₹100 banknote in circulation is a part of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series (which replaced the Mahatma Gandhi Series of ₹100 in 2018).

Mahatma Gandhi New Series
The Mahatma Gandhi New Series of banknotes are issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as the legal tender of the Indian rupee (₹), intended to replace the Mahatma Gandhi Series of banknotes. Announced on 8 November 2016, it followed the demonetisation of ₹500 and ₹1000 banknotes of the original Mahatma Gandhi Series. Similar to the preceding series of banknotes, the obverse of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series banknotes also prominently displays the portrait of Mahatma Gandhi. The logo of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is also printed on the back of the banknotes of this series.
Common Awards
Common Awards are qualifications for ordinands and lay ministers within the Church of England and its partners in the Baptist, Methodist, and United Reformed churches, delivered in a three-way partnership between theological education institutions, the churches, and Durham University.

Baptists Together
Baptists Together, formally the Baptist Union of Great Britain, is a Baptist Christian denomination in England and Wales. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance and Churches Together in England. The headquarters is in Didcot.
Academic grading in Costa Rica
Academic grading in Costa Rica is based on a 100-point scale.

For primary school level, a score of 65 is good enough to pass, while in high school and further levels the pass grade is 70/100. Students who attain between 60 and the passing grade get the chance to take an extra test that reviews the whole year's curriculum, and in which a 70 is needed to achieve a passing score.

Often, high schools will raise the pass grade to 75 in order to push their students to achieve a higher grade. This only applies to the highest high school grades, which are 10th and 11th grade. This method is primarily focused on improving grades by encouraging a higher cumulative grade point average throughout both years, leading towards a set of final exams in which this average grade becomes critically important.

Grading in education
Grading in education is the application of standardized measurements to evaluate different levels of student achievement in a course. Grades can be expressed as letters (usually A to F), as a range (for example, 1 to 6), percentages, or as numbers out of a possible total (often out of 100). The exact system that is used varies worldwide.
Grand Lodge of Indiana
The Grand Lodge of Free & Accepted Masons of Indiana is one of two statewide organizations that oversee Masonic lodges in the state of Indiana.  It was established on January 13, 1818. In 2016 the number of Freemasons in the Grand Lodge of Indiana was 55,553 amongst its 394 separate lodges, currently making it the sixth largest Masonic jurisdiction in the U.S. The Grand Lodge of Indiana's offices and archives are located in the Indianapolis Masonic Temple. The historically black Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Indiana F&AM is the second regular Masonic grand lodge in the state, and it was originally established in 1856 as the Independent Union Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Indiana (National Compact). The two grand lodges agreed to mutual recognition in May 1998, and they jointly share sovereignty over the Masonic fraternity in Indiana.

Prince Hall Freemasonry
Prince Hall Freemasonry is a branch of North American Freemasonry created for African Americans, founded by Prince Hall on September 29, 1784. Prince Hall Freemasonry is the oldest and largest (300,000+ initiated members) predominantly African-American fraternity in the United States.

Different organizations purport to be of Prince Hall Freemasonry: one group is the independent, 'Prince Hall Affiliated' or 'PHA' Grand Lodges, most of which are recognized by their state Grand Lodge counterparts and the United Grand Lodge of England, being considered 'regular' in Freemasonry. Others are under the jurisdiction of a 'National Grand Lodge', 'Prince Hall Origin', or otherwise non-Prince Hall Affiliated Lodge or Grand Lodge. These are considered 'irregular', 'clandestine', and unrecognized by the Prince Hall Affiliated masonic bodies and their 'mainstream' masonic counterparts.
Lyric Fantasy
Lyric Fantasy was an Irish-bred, British-trained champion Thoroughbred racehorse. She was named European Champion Two-Year-Old Filly at the 1992 Cartier Racing Awards, and was the highest rated filly in the International Classification. In her championship season Lyric Fantasy won five of her six races including the Group Three Queen Mary Stakes and the Newbury Sales Super Sprint. Her most notable win however, was in the Nunthorpe Stakes in which she became one of only three juveniles to win a Group One race in open-age competition. Her speed and diminutive stature led to her being nicknamed "The Pocket Rocket".

Cartier Racing Award
The Cartier Racing Awards are awards in European horse racing, founded in 1991, and sponsored by Cartier. The award winners are decided by points earned in group races (30%) plus the votes cast by British racing journalists (35%) and readers of the Racing Post and The Daily Telegraph newspapers (35%).

Eight horse awards are given out annually plus the Daily Telegraph Award of Merit to the person whom members of the Cartier jury believe has done the most for European racing and/or breeding either over their lifetime or within the previous 12 months.

The highest Cartier award for horses is "Horse of the Year".

The equivalent in Australia is the Australian Thoroughbred racing awards, in Japan the JRA Awards, in Canada the Sovereign Awards, and in the United States the Eclipse Awards.

Horse names are followed by a suffix indicating the country where foaled.
Death and state funeral of Liliʻuokalani
Liliʻuokalani, the last monarch of Hawaii, died November 11, 1917. The royal standard (flag) was raised over her home at Washington Place to signal to the public that she was deceased. Under military guard, her body was moved at midnight for embalming. After the traditional Hawaiian mourning of chanting and wailing, the public was allowed to view her body covered only by a shroud. Her state funeral was held in the throne room of Iolani Palace, on November 18, 1917, followed by her funeral procession to the Royal Mausoleum of Mauna ʻAla. An estimated 1,500 adults and children were in the funeral procession.

Royal Mausoleum (Mauna ʻAla)
Mauna ʻAla (Fragrant Hills) in the Hawaiian language, is the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii (also called Royal Mausoleum State Monument) and the final resting place of Hawaii's two prominent royal families: the Kamehameha Dynasty and the Kalākaua Dynasty.
Hensingham A.R.L.F.C.
Hensingham ARLFC is an amateur Rugby league club based in Whitehaven. Founded in 1900, It wasn't until 1920 that the Club changed its allegiances to Rugby League. Hensingham are one of the oldest rugby clubs in the country. They now play their rugby in the NCL Division Two.

National Conference League
The National Conference League (NCL) was part of the British rugby league system at the top end of the amateur pyramid below the professional Championship. It came under the jurisdiction of the Rugby Football League (RFL). It was replaced by the National Community Rugby League.
N. M. R. Subbaraman
N. M. R. Subbaraman (14 August 1905 – 25 January 1983) was an Indian freedom fighter and politician from Tamil Nadu. He was a member of Parliament from the Madurai constituency (1962–1967). He was also called "Madurai Gandhi" for his Gandhian principles.

Madurai Lok Sabha constituency
9°54′N 78°06′E﻿ / ﻿9.9°N 78.1°E﻿ / 9.9; 78.1

Madurai Lok Sabha constituency (Tamil: மதுரை மக்களவைத் தொகுதி) is one of the 39 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Tamil Nadu, a state in South India. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 32.
Muhammad Qasim (footballer)
Muhammad Qasim (born 1 May 1984) is a Pakistani former footballer who played as a right-winger.

Qasim has won the league title with Khan Research Laboratories for four times, winning his first league title in 2009-10, winning further three back to back league titles in 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13. Qasim has also won National Football Challenge Cup with KRL on six occasions including four back to back cup wins from 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. He won the national cups in 2015 and 2016. 
Qasim also won Geo Super Football League with Islamabad United in its inaugural season. At international level, he won the 2006 South Asian Games with the Pakistan under 23 football team.

Geo Super Football League
The Geo Super Football League or SFL was the first professional inter-city football league of Pakistan, with support of the Pakistan Football Federation. It was established in 2007 and telecasted live via GEO Super. The SFL ran separate to the Pakistan Premier League. The league did not continue because the organisers and sponsors reportedly did not want to work with the Pakistan Football Federation again.

In the first two seasons all matches were played in Karachi's Peoples Football Stadium.
Martin Hertz
Martin Julius Hertz (7 April 1818, in Hamburg – 22 September 1895) was a German classical philologist, a student and biographer of Karl Lachmann.

He studied philology at the Universities of Bonn and Berlin, where his instructors included August Boeckh (1785–1867) and Karl Lachmann (1793–1851), the latter being an important influence to Hertz' career. He earned his doctorate in 1842, followed by his habilitation a few years later (1845). Afterwards, he embarked on an educational journey throughout Europe (southern Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Italy and Austria).

In 1855 he became a professor of classical philology at the University of Greifswald, followed by a professorship at the University of Breslau several years later (1862).

He is especially known for his critical editions of Priscian and Aulus Gellius.

Priscian
Priscianus Caesariensis (fl. AD 500), commonly known as Priscian (/ˈprɪʃən/ or /ˈprɪʃiən/), was a Latin grammarian and the author of the Institutes of Grammar, which was the standard textbook for the study of Latin during the Middle Ages. It also provided the raw material for the field of speculative grammar.
Ansar Ahmad (Indonesian politician)
Ansar Ahmad (Jawi: انصر احمد; born 10 April 1964) is an Indonesian politician who served as the 5th governor of Riau Islands following the 2020 and 2024 gubernatorial election. He had previously served as a member of the Indonesia’s House of Representatives, and before that he served 10 years as regent of Bintan Regency.

House of Representatives (Indonesia)
6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿6.21028°S 106.80000°E﻿ / -6.21028; 106.80000
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat re'publik indo'nesija], lit. 'People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR, Indonesian: [deˈpeɛr]), is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.

Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (anggota dewan).
A. C. Shanmugam
Arani Chockalingam Shanmugam, better known as A. C. Shanmugam, is the founder and president of the Puthiya Needhi Katchi, a caste-based political party for the Thuluva Vellalar caste in Tamil Nadu, India. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Vellore constituency as an AIADMK candidate in the 1984 election.

Vellore Lok Sabha constituency
12°55′13″N 79°08′00″E﻿ / ﻿12.920219°N 79.133306°E﻿ / 12.920219; 79.133306

Vellore Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 39 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in the present state of Tamil Nadu in Southern India. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 8.

The 2019 lok sabha election was scheduled to be held on 18 April in this constituency but the President of India rescinded polling on 16 April after Election Commission of India sent a report stating recovery of huge amount of unaccounted for cash allegedly from Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate's office.
Sky Bar
Sky Bar is an American candy bar introduced by Necco in 1938, discontinued in 2018 upon Necco's bankruptcy, and reintroduced in 2019 by the Sky Bar Confectionary Company. Each Sky Bar has four sections, each with a different filling—caramel, vanilla, peanut, and fudge—all covered in milk chocolate.

Fudge
Fudge is a confection made by mixing sugar, butter, and milk. Modern fudge has its origins in the 19th century United States, and became popular in American women's colleges late in the century. Fudge can come in a variety of flavorings depending on the region or country it was made; popular flavors include fruit, nut, chocolate, and caramel. Fudge is often bought as a gift from a gift shop in tourist areas and attractions.
Bussgang theorem
In mathematics, the Bussgang theorem is a theorem of stochastic analysis. The theorem states that the cross-correlation between a Gaussian signal before and after it has passed through a nonlinear operation are equal to the signals auto-correlation up to a constant. It was first published by Julian J. Bussgang in 1952 while he was at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Autocorrelation
Autocorrelation, sometimes known as serial correlation in the discrete time case, measures the correlation of a signal with a delayed copy of itself. Essentially, it quantifies the similarity between observations of a random variable at different points in its domain (which for this article is time). The analysis of autocorrelation is a mathematical tool for identifying repeating patterns or hidden periodicities within a signal obscured by noise. Autocorrelation is widely used in signal processing, time domain and time series analysis to understand the behavior of data over time.

Different fields of study define autocorrelation differently, and not all of these definitions are equivalent. In some fields, the term is used interchangeably with autocovariance.

Various time series models incorporate autocorrelation, such as unit root processes, trend-stationary processes, autoregressive processes, and moving average processes.
Lauri Porra
Lauri Porra (born 13 December 1977) is a Finnish bass guitarist and composer who has written scores for films and other media, as well as commissions from orchestras such as the Lahti Symphony and the Finnish Radio Symphony. He is also known for his work as the bass guitarist in the Finnish power metal band Stratovarius. Porra is a fourth generation musician, and the great-grandson of famous Finnish composer Jean Sibelius.

Lahti Symphony Orchestra
The Lahti Symphony Orchestra (Finnish: Sinfonia Lahti) is a Finnish orchestra based in the city of Lahti in the picturesque Finnish Lakeland.  The orchestra has a distinct focus on the works of Finnish composer Jean Sibelius, and has been resident at the acoustically-renowned Sibelius Hall since its completion in March 2000.

The orchestra was founded in 1910, and placed under the control of the Lahti municipality in 1949.  It plays (during its regular season) approximately one major concert program per week, and organises annually the widely-regarded Sibelius Festival.
Jaap Weideman
Rear Admiral Jacob Andries Cornelius 'Jaap' Weideman SM MMM (1936–1996) was a South African Navy officer.

He joined the Navy in 1954 and in 1955 attended the South African Military Academy.: 164

In 1968 he commanded SAS Mosselbaai.: 196

In 1970 he became the first South African to qualify as a submariner and became the first Officer Commanding of SAS Maria van Riebeeck.

In 1982 he was appointed as Inspector General (Navy).

Southern Cross Medal (1952)
The Southern Cross Medal of 1952, post-nominal letters SM, is a South African military decoration which was instituted by the Union of South Africa in 1952. It was awarded for outstanding devotion to duty and was originally available to all ranks, but from 1967 until July 1975, when it was discontinued, it was reserved for officers.
Felix Cavaliere
Felix Cavaliere (born November 29, 1942) is an American musician. He is best known for being the co-lead vocalist and keyboard player for The Young Rascals.

Although he was a member of Joey Dee and the Starliters, known for their hit "Peppermint Twist", he is best known for his association with the Young Rascals during the 1960s. The other members of the Rascals were Eddie Brigati, Dino Danelli and Gene Cornish. Cavaliere sang vocals on six of their successful singles and played the Hammond B-3 organ.

Steven Van Zandt
Steven Van Zandt (né Lento; born November 22, 1950), also known as Little Steven or Miami Steve, is an American musician and actor. He is a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, in which he plays guitar and mandolin. He has appeared in several television drama series, including as Silvio Dante in The Sopranos (1999–2007) and as Frank Tagliano/Giovanni 'Johnny' Henriksen in Lilyhammer (2012–2014). Van Zandt has his own solo band called Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul, intermittently active since the 1980s.

In 2014, Van Zandt was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the E Street Band. Van Zandt has produced music, written songs, and had his own songs covered by Springsteen, Meat Loaf, Darlene Love, Ronnie Spector,
Nancy Sinatra, Pearl Jam, Southside Johnny, Artists United Against Apartheid, and the Iron City Houserockers, among others.
Pimelite
Pimelite was discredited as a mineral species by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) in 2006, in an article which suggests that "pimelite" specimens are probably willemseite (which is approved), or kerolite (which is also discredited). This was a mass discreditation, and not based on any re-examination of the type material (assuming any exists).  Nevertheless, a considerable number of papers have been written, verifying that pimelite is a nickel-dominant smectite.  It is always possible to redefine a mineral wrongly discredited.

The mineral was erroneously assumed to be a nickel-rich talc in a paper published in the American Mineralogist in 1979, but it had already been determined to be a smectite as early as 1938, and this was confirmed in another article in the American Mineralogist in 1966.  Both nickel-bearing talc and nickel dominant smectite occur at the type locality, Szklary, Ząbkowice Śląskie County, Lower Silesia, Poland.

Type locality (geology)
A type locality, or a type area, in geology is the locality where a particular rock type, stratigraphic unit or mineral species is first identified. If the stratigraphic unit in a locality is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.

The concept is similar to type site in archaeology.
1986 Austrian Grand Prix
The 1986 Austrian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Österreichring on 17 August 1986. It was the twelfth race of the 1986 Formula One World Championship.

The 52-lap race was won by Alain Prost, driving a McLaren-TAG, with Ferrari drivers Michele Alboreto and Stefan Johansson second and third respectively. With Drivers' Championship challengers Nigel Mansell, Nelson Piquet and Ayrton Senna all retiring, Prost moved into second place in the Championship, two points behind Mansell.

Ferrari F1/86
The Ferrari F1/86 was the car with which Scuderia Ferrari competed in the 1986 Formula One World Championship. The car was designed by Harvey Postlethwaite, who had also designed its predecessor, the 156/85. It was driven by Italian Michele Alboreto and Swede Stefan Johansson. The car was very uncompetitive, despite the engine being regarded as one of the strongest on the grid. It was replaced by the Ferrari F1/87 for 1987.
1917 Bay of Islands by-election
The 1917 Bay of Islands by-election was a by-election held on 19 March 1917 during the 19th New Zealand Parliament in the Northland electorate of Bay of Islands. The by-election came about because Vernon Reed's win in the 1914 general election had been declared void by an electoral court, and Reed barred from standing for a year. The seat was won by William Stewart, Reed's Reform Party colleague, in the resulting 1915 by-election. When Reed became eligible again, Stewart resigned and Reed won the 1917 by-election unopposed.

1914 New Zealand general election
The 1914 New Zealand general election was held on 10 December to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 19th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Maori vote was held on 11 December. A total number of 616,043 voters were registered, of which 84.7% voters turned out to vote.

The election saw William Massey's Reform Government maintain power.

The second-ballot voting system had been repealed in 1913, and first-past-the-post voting reinstated for the 1914 election.

Soldiers serving overseas in the NZEF were given a vote by the Expeditionary Forces Voting Act, 1914. They voted for a party (Liberal, Labour or Reform) and their votes were allocated to a candidate for their electorate by a representative of their party; which sometimes required the representative to choose between rival "Liberal" or "Labour" candidates.
Rayel Robinson
Rayel Robinson (also known as Rayel Little) is a Canadian horse trainer and barrel racing champion. She won the Canadian barrel racing championship in her sport in back-to-back wins in 1990 and 1991, and repeated in 1999 and 2005. She was reigning champion of the Ponoka Stampede in 2005, 2006, and 2007. She trained Tia, the horse who was awarded the Most Heart designation of the Canadian Finals Rodeo in 1991 and 1992 and in a single year had five horses that she trained qualify for the Canadian Finals Rodeo. She was inducted into the Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame in 2017.

Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame
The Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame (CPRHF) was founded in 1979 to honour and distinguish outstanding contestants, builders, and animals in the Canadian rodeo arena. Inductees are qualified by the Canadian Rodeo Historical Association.

The CPRHF, located at the Calnash Ag Events Centre in Ponoka, Alberta, displays artifacts of the history of professional rodeo in Canada. There are currently 203 inductees in the Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame since the 2019 inductees added eight new members.
Khaled El-Enany
Khaled Ahmed El-Enany Ali Ezz (Arabic: خالد العناني; born 14 March 1971) is an Egyptian Egyptologist and politician who was elected as the 11th Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in November 2025. He previously served as Minister of Tourism and Antiquities of Egypt between 2016 and 2022.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.