hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Italian reserve football teams
Italian reserve football teams may compete at all levels of Italian football league system, apart from the Serie A. The highest league they can enter is Serie B.

If a reserve team ends up at a promotion spot when it is not allowed to be promoted, the promotion is awarded to the next team in the league standings which is allowed to be promoted. Also, a reserve team is forcefully relegated, regardless of the final league position, if it is no longer qualified for playing at that level — i.e. if the first team is relegated to the same tier as the reserve team. For example, if a Serie A team is relegated while its reserve team in the Serie B ends up at a secure place (or even a promotion spot), the reserve team is forcefully relegated to the Serie C. In such a situation, the best placed qualified team at a relegation position in the league that the reserve team is relegated from will keep its place.

Serie C
The Serie C (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈtʃi]), officially known as Serie C Sky Wifi for sponsorship purposes, is the third-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie B and Serie A. The Lega Italiana Calcio Professionistico (Lega Pro) is the governing body that operates the Serie C.

The unification of the Lega Pro Prima Divisione and the Lega Pro Seconda Divisione as Lega Pro Divisione Unica (often also abbreviated as Lega Pro) in 2014 reintroduced the format of the original Serie C that existed between 1935 and 1978 (before the split into Serie C1 and Serie C2). In May 2017, the Lega Pro assembly unanimously approved renaming the competition to its original name, Serie C.
Scott Colley
Scott Colley (born November 24, 1963) is an American jazz double bassist and composer. As of 2024, he had been nominated for 4 Grammy Awards, including Best Jazz Instrumental Album for Guided Tour in 2014 and Still Dreaming in 2019. During his career, he has toured, recorded, and played with musicians such as Herbie Hancock, Jim Hall, Carmen McRae, Chris Potter, Julian Lage, Brian Blade, and Pat Metheny.

Carmen McRae
Carmen Mercedes McRae (April 8, 1920 – November 10, 1994) was an American jazz singer. She is considered one of the most influential jazz vocalists of the 20th century and is remembered for her behind-the-beat phrasing and ironic interpretation of lyrics.
Sitting
Sitting is a basic action and resting position in which the body weight is supported primarily by the bony ischial tuberosities with the buttocks in contact with the ground or a horizontal surface such as a chair seat, instead of by the lower limbs as in standing, squatting or kneeling. When sitting, the torso is more or less upright, although sometimes it can lean against other objects for a more relaxed posture.

Sitting for much of the day may pose significant health risks, with one study suggesting people who sit regularly for prolonged periods may have higher mortality rates than those who do not.  The average person sits down for 4.7 hours per day, according to a global review representing 47% of the global adult population.

The form of kneeling where the buttocks sit back on the heels, for example as in the Seiza and Vajrasana postures, is also often interpreted as sitting.

Kneeling
Kneeling is a basic human position where one or both knees touch the ground. According to Merriam-Webster, kneeling is defined as "to position the body so that one or both knees rest on the floor". Kneeling with only one knee, and not both, is called genuflection.

Kneeling is a primate behavior used to convey deference by making the figure that is kneeling appear smaller than the other. Primates themselves establish a dominance hierarchy (or "pecking order") which is important to the survival and behavior of the group. Chimpanzees, for example, have a complex social group that involves a dominant male and a corresponding female, to whom the other males and the juvenile chimps are submissive. Males who threaten the hierarchy are often severely injured or killed; in some instances, the use of submissive behavior is necessary to ensure survival.
Tax protester 861 argument
The 861 argument is a statutory argument used by tax protesters in the United States, which interprets a portion of the Internal Revenue Code as invalidating certain applications of income tax. The argument has uniformly been held by courts to be incorrect, and persons who have cited the argument as a basis for refusing to pay income taxes have been penalized, and in some cases jailed.

Internal Revenue Code
The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (IRC), is the domestic portion of federal statutory tax law in the United States. It is codified in statute as Title 26 of the United States Code. The IRC is organized topically into subtitles and sections, covering federal income tax in the United States, payroll taxes, estate taxes, gift taxes, and excise taxes; as well as procedure and administration. The Code's implementing federal agency is the Internal Revenue Service.
Property Specification Language
Property Specification Language (PSL) is a temporal logic extending linear temporal logic with a range of operators for both ease of expression and enhancement of expressive power. PSL makes an extensive use of regular expressions and syntactic sugaring. It is widely used in the hardware design and verification industry, where formal verification tools (such as model checking) and/or  logic simulation tools are used to prove or refute that a given PSL formula holds on a given design.

PSL was initially developed by Accellera for specifying properties or assertions about hardware designs. Since September 2004 the standardization on the language has been done in IEEE 1850 working group. In September 2005, the IEEE 1850 Standard for Property Specification Language (PSL) was announced.

Linear temporal logic
In logic, linear temporal logic or linear-time temporal logic (LTL) is a modal temporal logic with modalities referring to time. In LTL, one can encode formulae about the future of paths, e.g., a condition will eventually be true, a condition will be true until another fact becomes true, etc. It is a fragment of the more complex CTL*, which additionally allows branching time and quantifiers. LTL is sometimes called propositional temporal logic (PTL).
In terms of expressive power, LTL is a fragment of first-order logic.

LTL was first proposed for the formal verification of computer programs by Amir Pnueli in 1977.
NT5E
5′-nucleotidase (5′-NT), also known as ecto-5′-nucleotidase or CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NT5E gene. CD73 commonly serves to convert AMP to adenosine.

Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells. In terms of physiology, CD molecules can act in numerous ways, often acting as receptors or ligands important to the cell. A signal cascade is usually initiated, altering the behavior of the cell (see cell signaling). Some CD proteins do not play a role in cell signaling, but have other functions, such as cell adhesion. CD for humans is numbered up to 371 (as of 21 April 2016).
Dionysios Romas
Count Dionyssios De Roma or Dionysios Romas (Greek: Διονύσιος Ρώμας; 1771–1857) was a Greek nobleman of Venetian ancestry, Freemason, lawyer and diplomat from Zakynthos, who was active in the preparation and execution of the Greek War of Independence.

Zakynthos
Zakynthos, also known as Zante, is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands, with an area of 405.55 km2 (156.6 sq mi), and a coastline 123 km (76 mi) in length. The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin. In Greek mythology, the island was said to be named after Zacynthus, the son of the legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.

Zakynthos is a tourist destination, especially amongst British tourists, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe. The island's nickname is "Fioro di Levante" (Flower of the East), bestowed upon it by the Venetians, who ruled Zakynthos from 1484 to 1797.
Nephilim: Act of God 1
Nephilim: Act of God 1 is the second studio album by hip hop musician Stu Dent, released November 14, 2003 through Illect Recordings. Stu Dent is an alternate moniker for Albany, New York artist Sev Statik, real name Joseph Evans. Evans originally created the Stu Dent pseudonym in order to release the album Altered State in 2001 without breaking his contractual obligations with Tunnel Rats, a hip hop musical collective of which he is part. Nephilim follows up on Altered State and the 2002 Sev Statik release Speak Life. The album includes production from Beat Rabbi and Freddie Bruno, fellow members of Deepspace5, a group Evans co-founded, and production and a guest appearance by JB!!, also known as Dirty Moses, a member of All Bully, another group that Evans helped found. Nephilim met with a highly positive reception from critics.

Altered State (Stu Dent album)
Altered State is the first studio album by Albany, New York hip hop musician Stu Dent, better known by the moniker Sev Statik. Sev Statik, real name Joseph Evans, created the Stu Dent pseudonym due to contractual obligations with Tunnel Rats, a group of which he was a member at the time. Evans' debut studio album as Sev Statik, Speak Life, would be released in 2002. Altered State features guest appearances by, among others, members of Tunnel Rats, All Bully, and Deepspace5, all of which Evans was a member. The album was released on October 2, 2001, through Deepspace5 Recordings, and was received modestly by critics.
Que No Se Rompa la Noche
"Que No Se Rompa la Noche" (English: May the Night Have No End) literally "May the Night not Break", is a ballad written and produced by Spanish singer-songwriter Manuel Alejandro, co-written by Ana Magdalena, and performed by Spanish singer Julio Iglesias. It was released as the second single from his studio album Un hombre solo (1987). This song became his second number one hit in the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart, after his previous single "Lo Mejor de Tu Vida".

"Qué No Se Rompa la Noche" has been covered by several singers, including Tamara, Pandora, Ray Conniff, Vikki Carr and Raulin Rosendo.

Hot Latin Songs
The Billboard Hot Latin Songs (formerly Hot Latin Tracks and Hot Latin 50) is a record chart in the United States for Latin songs, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Since October 2012, chart rankings are based on digital sales, radio airplay, and online streaming, and only predominantly Spanish-language songs are allowed to rank. The chart was established by the magazine on September 6, 1986, and was originally based on airplay on Latin music radio stations. Although the chart predominantly allows Spanish-language songs, songs in English and Portuguese have charted.

The first number one song of the Hot Latin Songs chart was "La Guirnalda" by Rocío Dúrcal on September 6, 1986. As of the issue dated February 28, 2026, the chart has had 468 different number one hits, while 192 artists have reached number one (as a lead or a featured act). The current number-one song on the chart is "DTMF" by Bad Bunny.
Nando de Colo
Nando Bruno Alfred Andre de Colo (born 23 June 1987) is a French professional basketball player for Fenerbahçe Beko of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the EuroLeague. Standing at a height of 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m), he plays at the point guard and shooting guard positions. A six-time All-EuroLeague selection, de Colo won the EuroLeague title in 2016 and 2019 with CSKA Moscow, earning both the EuroLeague MVP and Final Four MVP awards in the process.

De Colo is the all-time top scorer in European continental basketball competitions, having surpassed Nikos Galis in 2022.

Basketbol Süper Ligi
The Basketball Super League (Turkish: Basketbol Süper Ligi; TBSL), also known as the Türkiye Sigorta Basketbol Süper Ligi for sponsorship reasons, is the top men's professional basketball division of the Turkish basketball league system. It replaced the former Turkish Basketball Championship (1946–1967) to become the Turkish Basketball League (TBL) until 2015 when it adopted its current name while the TBL name became exclusive to the second-tier and third-tier divisions.

The BSL is administered by the Turkish Basketball Federation (TBF) and is contested by 16 teams, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated to the second-tier TBL and replaced by the top two teams of that division.

Since the league's restructuring in 1966, 11 clubs have been crowned champions, with Anadolu Efes winning the title a record 16 times and Fenerbahçe 12 times. In recent years, Fenerbahçe won 11 titles out of 17 from the 2006–07 season onward.
Bathinda Airport
Bathinda Airport (IATA: BUP, ICAO: VIBT) is a domestic airport and an Indian Air Force base serving the city of Bathinda and the Malwa region in Punjab, India. It is located 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) north-west of the city in Bhisiana and near the village of Killi Nihal Singh Wala. The airport operates commercial flights under the Airports Authority of India as a civil enclave of the Bhisiana Air Force Station. Alliance Air was the only commercial airline that operated flights from the airport to Delhi from December 2016 till 2020. Since then, the airport remained inactive, until when in September 2023, FlyBig, restarted flight operations by starting flights to Ghaziabad and later to Dehradun from 18 September 2023.

Malwa (Punjab)
Malwa (IPA: [maːlʋaː]) is a geographical region in the south of Punjab state in India. It is located between south of the Sutlej river, north of the Ghaggar river, east of Pakistan, and west of the Sivalik Hills. Whilst Malwa officially consists of the Puadh region, this was historically and culturally a distinct region from Malwa.
Dharma Chakram
Dharma Chakram (transl. Wheel of Righteousness) is a 1996 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film written and directed by Suresh Krissna, and produced by D. Ramanaidu under the Suresh Productions banner. The film stars Venkatesh, Ramya Krishna, and Prema while Girish Karnad plays a pivotal role. The music was composed by M. M. Srilekha. Venkatesh received the Nandi Award for Best Actor and the film won the Filmfare Best Actor Award (Telugu). The film was dubbed in Tamil as Nakkeeran. The film was successful at the box office.

Nandi Award for Best Actor
The Nandi Award for Best Actor was commissioned by the Nandi Awards committee in 1977. The winner is awarded a "Silver Nandi", a gold medal, cash award and a commendation certificate. Venkatesh has won the most Best Actor awards, with five wins, followed by Mahesh Babu with four wins.
MGWR Class D
The MGWR Class D were 2-4-0 steam locomotives built in batches from 1873 to 1887 for the Midland Great Western Railway (MGWR) of Ireland to a Martin Atock design. Numbering 39 at their peak they were the standard MGWR passenger locomotive of their era.  Six of the class were rebuilt as 4-4-0.

2-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-4-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles and no trailing wheels. In most of North America it became known as a Porter.

The notation 2-4-0T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, on which its water and fuel is carried on board the engine itself, rather than in an attached tender. A subset is 2-4-0WT, a configuration in which the water is under the bolier in a well tank.
Istrate Micescu
Istrate N. Micescu (22 May 1881 – 22 May 1951) was a Romanian lawyer, Law and Political Science professor at the University of Bucharest's Law Department, and politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania)
The Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romanian: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe) is the ministry responsible for external affairs of the Romanian Government. The current foreign minister is Oana Țoiu.
Sandlin Bug
The Sandlin Bug (Basic Ultralight Glider) is an American biplane, cable-braced, single-seat, ultralight glider that was designed by Mike Sandlin and is provided in the form of technical drawings for amateur construction.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
Onionskin
Onionskin or onion skin is a thin, lightweight, strong, often translucent paper, named for its resemblance to the thin skins of onions. It is typically 25–39 g/m2 and may be white or canary-colored. Onionskin paper was usually used with carbon paper for typing duplicates in a typewriter where low bulk was important. It is also used for toy kites and advanced paper airplanes due to its durability for its weight, and in traditional cel animation due to its translucency.

Grammage
Grammage and basis weight, in the pulp and paper industry, are measures of the area density of a paper product, that is, its mass per unit of area. Two common ways of expressing the area density of a paper product are used:

Expressed in grams (g) per square metre (g/m2), regardless of its thickness (caliper) (known as grammage). This is the measure used in most parts of the world. It is often notated as gsm on paper product labels and spec sheets.

Expressed in terms of the mass per number of sheets of a specific paper size (known as basis weight). The convention used in the United States and a few other countries using US-standard paper sizes is pounds (lb) per ream of 500 (or in some cases 1000) sheets of a given (raw, still uncut) basis size. The traditional British practice is pounds per ream of 480, 500, 504, or 516 sheets of a given basis size. Japanese paper is expressed as the weight in kilograms (kg) per 1,000 sheets.
St Albans Dinamo SC
St Albans Dinamo Soccer Club, formerly known as St Albans Saints Soccer Club between 1993 and 2023, is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in St Albans, Victoria. Established by local Croatian Australians as Dinamo, the club is a regular participant in the Australian-Croatian Soccer Tournament.

The club is closely associated with its sister club the Melbourne Knights to which many of its academy players transfer to. Dinamo won promotion to the National Premier League (NPL) Victoria for the 2017 season but, after finishing second last, was relegated to the NPL 2. The club once again won promotion in back to the National Premier League (NPL) Victoria after winning the NPL Victoria 2 West in 2019.

Croatian Australians
Croatian Australians (Croatian: Hrvatski Australci), Australian Croats (Australski Hrvati) or Croats in Australia (Hrvati u Australiji) are Australians of Croatian ancestry. Croatia has been a source of migrants to Australia, particularly in the 1960s and 1970s.
2002 Queensland Cup
The 2002 Queensland Cup season was the 7th season of Queensland's top-level statewide rugby league competition run by the Queensland Rugby League. The competition featured 12 teams playing a 26-week long season (including finals) from March to September.

The Redcliffe Dolphins defeated the Ipswich Jets 34–10 in the Grand Final at Dolphin Oval to claim their third premiership. Easts halfback Scott Thorburn was named the competition's Player of the Year, winning the Courier Mail Medal.

Redcliffe Dolphins
Redcliffe Dolphins are a semi-professional rugby league club based in Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia. Founded in 1947, they were accepted into the Brisbane Rugby League (BRL) premiership competition in 1960, and since 1996 have played in the Queensland Cup. The Redcliffe Dolphins thrived in the BRL. However, the 1988 admission of the Brisbane Broncos team in the New South Wales Rugby League competition caused the decline of the BRL.

Although a separately licensed Dolphins (NRL) team currently competes in the fully professional national competition, the Redcliffe squad continues to play in the Queensland competition. Through this NRL licence, the Dolphins organisation has become the only former BRL club to regain top-flight status after that competition became a second-tier league with the advent of the Brisbane Broncos in 1988.
Felipe Bulnes
Felipe Bulnes Serrano (born May 27, 1969) is a Chilean lawyer and member of the party National Renewal. He was first Minister of Justice and then he assumed office as Minister of Education following a cabinet shuffle on July 18 amidst the ongoing 2011 Chilean student protests but renounced about six months later on December 29 explaining that he left because a "cycle has finished" and not because he would be fired.

In 2012, Bulnes was appointed by the government of Sebastián Piñera as ambassador to the United States, handing his credentials to President Barack Obama on May 1, 2012. During his tenure, Chile was admitted to the Visa Waiver Program.

He was afterwards Chile's representative at the La Haya International Court, after being renewed in that post by the government of President Bachelet. On November 23, 2015 he resigned this position and was replaced by former Minister José Miguel Insulza.

He graduated from Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and Harvard Law School.

José Miguel Insulza
José Miguel Insulza Salinas (born June 2, 1943) is a Chilean politician, lawyer, and academic serving as a senator for the Arica y Parinacota Region since 2018. He previously served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1994 to 1999 and Minister Secretary-General of the Presidency from 1999 to 2000 under president Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, as Minister of the Interior from 2000 to 2005 under president Ricardo Lagos, and as Secretary General of the Organization of American States from 2005 to 2015.

Insulza is nicknamed El Panzer in Chile, for his tank-like drive and reputation due to his ability to take political heat with little apparent damage.