hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolfpack Vorwärts
Vorwärts (English : "Forwards") was a wolfpack of German U-boats that operated from 25 August to 26 September 1942, in the Battle of the Atlantic during World War II. They attacked several convoys, principally Convoy ON 127, sailing from Liverpool to New York, and sank fifteen ships for a total of 79,331 gross register tons (GRT), and damaged nine (81,141 GRT).

Convoy ON 127
Convoy ON 127 was a trade convoy of merchant ships during the second World War. It was the 127th of the numbered series of ON convoys Outbound from the British Isles to North America and the only North Atlantic trade convoy of 1942 or 1943 where all U-boats deployed against the convoy launched torpedoes. The ships departed Liverpool on 4 September 1942 and were met at noon on 5 September by the Royal Canadian Navy Mid-Ocean Escort Force Group C-4 consisting of the River-class destroyer Ottawa and the Town-class destroyer St. Croix with the Flower-class corvettes Amherst, Arvida, Sherbrooke, and Celandine. St. Croix's commanding officer, acting Lieutenant Commander A. H. "Dobby" Dobson RCNR, was the senior officer of the escort group. The Canadian ships carried type 286 meter-wavelength radar but none of their sets were operational. Celandine carried Type 271 centimeter-wavelength radar. None of the ships carried HF/DF high-frequency direction finding sets.
Iain Ciar MacLeod
Iain Ciar MacLeod (Scottish Gaelic: Iain Ciar MacLeòid) (1330 – c. 1392) is considered to be 4th Chief of Clan MacLeod. He was the eldest son of, and is thought to have succeeded his father, Malcolm, in the years spanning 1360–1370. Clan tradition states that he was the most tyrannical of all MacLeod chiefs. His wife supposedly was as cruel as he was; she is said to have had two of her daughters buried alive in the dungeon of Dunvegan Castle when they attempted to leave the clan. Iain Ciar was killed in an ambush in about 1392. He was succeeded by his second and only surviving son, William Cleireach.

Dunvegan Castle
Dunvegan Castle (Caisteal Dhùn Bheagain) is located 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north of Dunvegan on the Isle of Skye, off the west coast of Scotland. It is the seat of the MacLeod of MacLeod, chief of the Clan MacLeod. Probably a fortified site from the earliest times, the castle was first built in the 13th century and developed piecemeal over the centuries. In the 19th century the whole castle was remodelled in a mock-medieval style. The castle is built on an elevated rock overlooking an inlet on the eastern shore of Loch Dunvegan, a sea loch.
John Hales (died 1608)
John Hales (died 1 January 1608) was the owner of the Whitefriars in Coventry at which two of the Marprelate tracts were printed on a secret press. He was the nephew and heir of John Hales, Clerk of the Hanaper, and the nephew of Sir Thomas Lucy of Charlecote.

Marprelate Controversy
The Marprelate Controversy was a war of pamphlets waged in England and Wales in 1588 and 1589, between a puritan writer who employed the pseudonym Martin Marprelate, and defenders of the Church of England which remained an established church.
Aduthathu
Aduthathu (transl. Next) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language thriller film directed by Thakkali Srinivasan. The film stars Nassar, Sriman, Vaiyapuri, Ilavarasu, Aarthi and Meenal. The film is based on Agatha Christie's mystery novel And Then There Were None.

Ilavarasu
Ilavarasu is an Indian actor and cinematographer who works in the Tamil film industry. He started his career as a cinematographer and worked for 13 films, winning a Tamil Nadu State Film Award for one of them. He later became known as an actor after appearing in pivotal roles in Bharathiraja's and Cheran's films. He starred in over 160 Tamil films, playing supporting, comedic, and antagonistic roles.
German submarine U-3525
German submarine U-3525 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 17 October 1944 at F Schichau GmbH, Danzig, as yard number 1670. She was launched on 23 December 1944, and commissioned under the command of Kapitänleutnant Hans-Ludwig Gaude on 31 January 1945.

Elektroboot
An Elektroboot ("electric boat" in German) was a submarine designed to operate entirely submerged, rather than as submersibles that could submerge as a temporary means to escape detection or launch an attack.
Tumbling Tumbleweeds (film)
Tumbling Tumbleweeds is a 1935 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Gene Autry, Smiley Burnette, and Lucile Browne. Written by Ford Beebe, the film is about a cowboy who returns home after a five-year absence to find his father murdered and his boyhood pal accused of the dastardly deed. Tumbling Tumbleweeds features the songs "Riding Down the Canyon", "That Silver-Haired Daddy of Mine", and the Bob Nolan classic "Tumbling Tumbleweeds".

Bob Nolan
Bob Nolan (born Clarence Robert Nobles; April 13, 1908 – June 16, 1980, name changed to Robert Clarence Nobles in 1929) was a Canadian-born American singer, songwriter, and actor. He was a founding member of the Sons of the Pioneers, and composer of numerous Country music and Western music songs, including the standards "Cool Water" and "Tumbling Tumbleweeds."  He is generally regarded as one of the finest Western songwriters of all time. As an actor and singer, he appeared in scores of Western films.
Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's hammer throw
The men's hammer throw was an event at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There were 27 participating athletes from 19 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress.

In this Olympics, the Unified Team comprised some of the republics of the former Soviet Union. Andrey Abduvaliyev from Tajikistan, Igor Astapkovich from Belarus, and Igor Nikulin from Russia created a sweep for the Unified Team. It was the fourth sweep in five Games for Soviet/Unified Team athletes; only the boycotted 1984 Games broke the consistent dominance of the Soviets.

The three dominated the competition in the late 80s and early 90s. Astapkovich, the strongest in the season, held the lead after the first round and retook it in the third. Abduvaliyev settled it with his fourth round throw 82.54 m (270 ft 9+1⁄2 in) while both Astapkovich and Nikulin hit their best throws in the final round, they could not match it.

Andrey Abduvaliyev
Andrey Hakimovich Abduvaliyev (Russian: Андрей Хакимович Абдувалиев; born 30 June 1966) is a former Soviet, Tajikistani, and Uzbekistani hammer thrower.

He won a gold medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics while representing the Unified Team. After competing for USSR he chose to represent Tajikistan when USSR was dissolved. In 1997 he changed his nationality to Uzbekistan, thus becoming one of the very few athletes to compete for three states. His second Olympic participation was in 2000 while representing Uzbekistan.

His personal best was 83.46 m in 1990.
Alfredo De Marsico
Alfredo De Marsico (29 May 1888 – 8 August 1985) was an Italian Fascist politician who served as the last Minister of Justice of the Mussolini Cabinet from February to July 1943. After the war he continued his political career in the National Monarchist Party and later in the People's Monarchist Party.

Monarchist National Party
The Monarchist National Party (Italian: Partito Nazionale Monarchico, PNM) was a political party in Italy founded in 1946. It was a right-wing competitor to Christian Democracy and was especially strong in Southern Italy.
Darnell Hinson
Darnell Hinson (born May 28, 1980) is an American former professional basketball player. Standing at 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m), Hinson played as point guard. He played four years in college with Northeastern State University, before starting an extensive professional career in Europe and South America.

Northeastern State University
Northeastern State University (NSU; Cherokee: ᎤᏴᏢᎢ ᎧᎸᎬ ᎢᏗᏜ ᏍᎦᏚᎩ ᏗᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ) is a public university whose main campus is in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. The university also has campuses in Muskogee and Broken Arrow. Northeastern is Oklahoma's oldest institution of higher learning and one of the oldest west of the Mississippi River. Tahlequah is home to the capital of the Cherokee Nation and about 25% of NSU students identify themselves as American Indian. The university has many courses focused on Native American linguistics, and offers Cherokee language education as a major. Some classes are taught in Cherokee for first language speakers.
Sean MacAuley
Sean MacAuley (born 27 February 1980 in Edinburgh), is a Scottish football midfielder who plays for Preston Athletic.

MacAuley joined Clyde in the summer of 2000, signing from Edinburgh amateur club Links United. He never established himself in the first team, making only 5 appearances, before joining East Stirlingshire in March 2001. He spent over 4 years with the Shire, before signing for non-league Preston Athletic.

Preston Athletic F.C.
Preston Athletic Football Club are a Scottish football club based in the town of Prestonpans, East Lothian. The club are nicknamed the Panners and play their home matches at Pennypit Park. The team play in dark blue.

They were founding members of the Lowland Football League in 2013, but after being relegated in 2017 now play in the East of Scotland League First Division.
1917 San Diego mayoral election
The 1917 San Diego mayoral election was held on April 3, 1917, to elect the mayor for San Diego. The election became known as the "Smokestacks vs. Geraniums" election because the dominant issue was whether the city's development should focus on planning and beautification or job creation and factories. In the primary election Louis J. Wilde, advocating for "smokestacks", and George Marston, derided as "Geranium George" by his opponents, received the most votes and advanced to the runoff. Wilde was then elected mayor with a majority of the votes.

George Marston (California politician)
George White Marston (October 22, 1850 –  May 31, 1946) was an American politician, department store owner, and philanthropist. Marston was involved with establishing Balboa Park, Presidio Park, and the San Diego Public Library. His contributions to San Diego earned him the affectionate title of "San Diego's First Citizen."
Andreas Glyniadakis
Andreas Glyniadakis (alternate spelling: Gliniadakis, Greek: Ανδρέας Γλυνιαδάκης; born 26 August 1981) is a former Greek professional basketball player, at a height of 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) tall. During his professional club career that started in 1997 and ended in 2020, Glyniadakis played at a center position.

During his professional club career, Glyniadakis won two EuroLeague championships. He first won the EuroLeague championship in 2000, with the Greek club Panathinaikos Athens. He later won the EuroLeague championship in 2012, with the Greek club Olympiacos Piraeus. While he was part of Greece's national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket.

2012 Euroleague Final Four
The 2012 Euroleague Final Four was the concluding EuroLeague Final Four tournament of the 2011–12 Euroleague season. It was held on May 11–13, 2012. The tournament was hosted at the Sinan Erdem Dome, in Istanbul, Turkey. Olympiacos won its second ever EuroLeague championship, after beating CSKA Moscow in the Final.

In the Final, Georgios Printezis hit a floater with 0.7 seconds remaining on the game clock, after receiving an assist from Vassilis Spanoulis, to win the EuroLeague cup. Spanoulis won his second Final Four MVP after the tournament.
The Simpsons Disney+ shorts
The Simpsons Disney+ shorts are a series of short promotional films based on the television series The Simpsons produced for Disney+. As of 2024, nine short films have been produced, beginning with The Force Awakens from Its Nap (2021), with its latest short being The Most Wonderful Time of the Year (2024).

All of the shorts were directed by longtime Simpsons director David Silverman and produced by Gracie Films and 20th Television Animation.

David Silverman (animator)
David Silverman (born March 15, 1957) is an American animator who has directed numerous episodes of the animated television series The Simpsons, as well as its 2007 film adaptation. Silverman was involved with the series from the very beginning, animating all of the original short Simpsons cartoons that aired on The Tracey Ullman Show. He went on to serve as director of animation for several years. He also did the animation for the 2016 film The Edge of Seventeen, which was produced by Gracie Films.
Charles Eugene Banks
Charles Eugene Banks (April 3, 1852 – April 30, 1932) was an American newspaper editor, journalist, author, novelist, poet, playwright, historian, and orator. Considered a mentor of the Davenport Group of writers in Iowa, he later moved to Seattle. There he was an editor of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer newspaper. He retired to Hawaii.

Seattle Post-Intelligencer
The Seattle Post-Intelligencer (popularly known as the Seattle P-I, the Post-Intelligencer, or simply the P-I) is an online newspaper and former print newspaper based in Seattle, Washington, United States.

The newspaper was founded in 1863 as the weekly Seattle Gazette, and was later published daily in broadsheet format. It was long one of the city's two daily newspapers, along with The Seattle Times, until it became an online-only publication on March 18, 2009.
True Love Story (film)
True Love Story is a 2014 Indian animation short film written and directed by Gitanjali Rao. The silent film is a coming-of-age romance film set in streets of Mumbai, where a flower-seller falls in love with a bar dancer, that too in Bollywood-fantasy style.

In February 2014, the film won the Golden Conch Best Animation Film Award at the 2014 Mumbai International Film Festival (MIFF). At the 2014 Cannes Film Festival the film was one of 10 selected short films at Critics' Week.

2014 Cannes Film Festival
The 67th Cannes Film Festival took place from 14 to 25 May 2014. New Zealand filmmaker Jane Campion was the head of the jury for the main competition. Turkish filmmaker Nuri Bilge Ceylan won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film Winter Sleep.

The festival poster featured Italian actor Marcello Mastroianni from Federico Fellini's 1963 film 8½, which was presented in the Out of Competition section of the 1963 Cannes Film Festival. French actor Lambert Wilson hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

Due to European Parliament elections which took place on 25 May 2014, the closing ceremony took place on 24 May.

The festival opened with Grace of Monaco by Olivier Dahan, and closed with a restored 4K version of Sergio Leone's 1964 western A Fistful of Dollars.
Emma Curtis Hopkins
Josephine Emma Curtis Hopkins (September 2, 1849 – April 8, 1925) was an American spiritual teacher and leader. She was involved in organizing the New Thought movement and was a theologian, teacher, writer, feminist, mystic, and healer; who taught and ordained hundreds of people, including notably many women. Hopkins was called the "teacher of teachers" and "mother of New Thought" because a number of her students went on to found their own churches or to become prominent in the New Thought Movement, including Charles and Myrtle Fillmore, founders of Unity Church; Ernest Holmes; and H. Emilie Cady, author of Unity's cornerstone text Lessons in Truth. According to Charles S. Braden, Hopkins influenced the development of New Thought "more than any other single teacher", and modern scholars have identified Hopkins as the founder of New Thought.

Charles S. Braden
Charles Samuel Braden (19 September 1887 – 1970) was Professor and Chair of the Department of History and Literature of Religions at Northwestern University. He joined the faculty in 1926 and held the professorship from 1943; he was awarded emeritus status in 1954. Braden became known in particular for the study of new religious movements (NRM) and world religions. His Spirits in Rebellion: The Rise and Development of New Thought (1963) remains an important history of the New Thought family of NRMs.
Lake Hill Administrative Site Affordable Housing Act
The Lake Hill Administrative Site Affordable Housing Act (H.R. 2337; Pub. L. 113–141 (text) (PDF)) is a U.S. public law that requires the secretary of agriculture to sell 40 acres of Forest Service land near Frisco, Colorado. Summit County, Colorado, would use the land to build affordable housing.  The law was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Frisco, Colorado
Frisco is a home rule municipality located in Summit County, Colorado, United States. The population was 2,913 at the 2020 census. Frisco is a part of the Breckenridge, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is a popular town among skiers from around the world. Four major ski resorts are located in close proximity to Frisco: Copper Mountain, Breckenridge, Keystone, and Arapahoe Basin.
Arizona State Route 64
State Route 64 (SR 64) is a 108.31-mile-long (174.31 km) state highway in the northern part of the US state of Arizona. It travels from its western terminus in Williams to its intersection with U.S. Route 89 (US 89) in Cameron.

Williams, Arizona
Williams is a city in Coconino County, Arizona, United States, located west of Flagstaff. As of the 2020 census, Williams had a population of 3,202. It lies on the routes of Historic Route 66 and Interstate 40. It is also the southern terminus of the Grand Canyon Railway, which takes visitors to Grand Canyon Village.

Also known as the "Gateway to the Grand Canyon", Williams was the last city on Historic Route 66 to be bypassed by Interstate 40.

The Historic Downtown District covers six square blocks.
Environment of India
The environment of India comprises some of the world's most biodiverse ecozones. The Deccan Traps, Gangetic Plains and the Himalayas are the major geographical features. The country faces different forms of pollution as its major environmental issue and is more vulnerable to the effects of climate change being a developing nation. India has laws protecting the environment and is one of the countries that signed the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) treaty. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and each particular state forest departments plan and implement environmental policies throughout the country.

Indo-Gangetic Plain
The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the North Indian Plain or the Indus-Gangetic Plain, is a fertile plain spanning 700,000 km2 (270,000 sq mi) across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses northern and eastern India, eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal, and almost all of Bangladesh. It is named after the two major river systems that drain the region–Indus and Ganges.

It stretches from the Himalayas in the north to the northern edge of the Deccan Plateau in the south, and extends from North East India in the east to the Iranian border in the west. The region is home to many major cities and nearly one-seventh of the world's population. As the region was formed by the deposits of the three major rivers–Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra, the plains consist of the world's largest expanse of uninterrupted alluvium. Due to its rich water resources, it is one of the world's most densely populated and intensely farmed areas.
French colonial flags
Some colonies, protectorates and mandates of the French Colonial Empire used distinctive colonial flags.  These most commonly had a French Tricolour in the canton.

As well as the flags of individual colonies, the governors-general of French colonies flew a square flag with a blue field and the French ensign in the canton. This flag was flown beneath the national ensign. Colonial governors used a rectangular swallow-tailed version of this flag.

French Togoland
French Togoland (French: Togo français) was a French colonial League of Nations mandate from 1916 to 1946, and a UN trust territory from 1946 to 1960 in French West Africa. In 1960 it became the independent Togolese Republic.
2018 Challenge Cup final
The 2018 Challenge Cup Final was the 117th cup-deciding game of the rugby league 2018 Challenge Cup Season. It was held at Wembley Stadium in London on 25 August 2018, kick off 15:00. The final was contested by the Catalans Dragons and the Warrington Wolves. The game saw Catalans Dragons beat Warrington Wolves by 20 points to 14 and saw the Dragons win the competition for the first time.

Catalans Dragons
The Catalans Dragons (French: Dragons Catalans, Catalan: Dracs Catalans) are a professional rugby league club from Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales department, France. Despite being based in France, the club competes in Super League, the top tier of the British rugby league.

Formed after the merger of XIII Catalan and AS Saint-Estève, they have won one French Championship and two Lord Derby Cups. In Britain they have never won the League Championship but have won the Challenge Cup once.

Catalans play home games at Stade Gilbert Brutus. Their traditional home colours are white red and gold.
2021 Davis Cup Finals
The Finals, formerly known as World Group, was the highest level of Davis Cup competition in 2021. It was held on indoor hard courts at three venues in Innsbruck, Austria, Madrid, Spain and Turin, Italy. The 2020 edition was originally scheduled to take place from 23 until 29 November 2020. However, on 26 June 2020, ITF announced that 2020 Finals would take place from 22 until 28 November 2021 due to coronavirus pandemic and be named 2021 Davis Cup Finals. On 18 January 2021, ITF announced that the Finals would be expanded over 11 days, from 25 November to 5 December 2021. The ties were contested in a best-of-three rubbers format and played on one day. There were two singles followed by a doubles. Spain were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the round-robin stage. The Russian Tennis Federation won the title, defeating Croatia in the final. Andrey Rublev was named the Most Valuable Player of the tournament after going 6–1 in both singles and doubles.

Croatia Davis Cup team
The Croatia men's national tennis team represents Croatia in the Davis Cup and is governed by the Croatian Tennis Association.Croatia won the Davis Cup twice, in 2005 and 2018, and was runner-up in 2016 and 2021.
Sridharan Sriram
Sridharan Sriram (pronunciationⓘ; born 21 February 1976) is an Indian cricket coach and former cricketer. He is a left-handed batsman and a left-arm orthodox spin bowler. He played in the Indian Cricket League and the Indian Premier League. He was a part of the squad which finished as runners-up at the 2000 ICC Champions Trophy. On 19 August 2022, he was appointed as the technical consultant (T20I) of the Bangladesh national cricket team till the 2022 T20 World Cup.

Indian Cricket League
The Indian Cricket League (ICL) was a short-lived cricket league that ran from 2007 to 2009. It was sponsored by Zee Entertainment Enterprises, a media company. The ICL had two seasons, featuring four international teams and nine domestic teams from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The matches were played in the Twenty20 format. A 50-over tournament was also held in early 2008.

The ICL faced significant opposition from the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and the International Cricket Council (ICC). The BCCI did not approve of the ICL and launched its own rival league, the Indian Premier League (IPL), in 2008. The BCCI also banned the players who joined the ICL from playing for their national teams or in any other official tournaments. The IPL was more popular and successful than the ICL, leading to the ICL's collapse in 2009, ending its brief and controversial existence.
White Slippers
White Slippers is a 1924 British silent adventure film directed by Sinclair Hill and starring Matheson Lang, Joan Lockton and Gordon Hopkirk. It was based on a novel by Charles Edholm. It is set in Mexico and is known by the alternative title The Port of Lost Souls.

Matheson Lang
Matheson Alexander Lang (May 15, 1879 – April 11, 1948) was a Canadian-born stage and film actor and playwright. He is best remembered for his theatrical performances in Great Britain in Shakespeare plays.