hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles E. Mills
Charles E. Mills (March 30, 1867 – January 17, 1929) was an American businessman and banker. Born in Illinois and raised in Iowa, Mills went to the Arizona Territory and applied his engineering education in the mining industry. Except for a return east for two years while studying at Harvard University, and time in the military during the Spanish–American War and World War I, he remained in Arizona where he managed several mining operations. He also entered the banking industry in the territory, and ended his career as president of two prominent Arizona corporations, the Apache Powder Company and the Valley Bank of Arizona.

Arizona Territory
The Territory of Arizona, commonly known as the Arizona Territory, was a territory of the United States that existed from February 24, 1863, until February 14, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Arizona. It was created from the western half of the New Mexico Territory during the American Civil War.
Yae's Sakura
Yae's Sakura (Japanese: 八重の桜, Hepburn: Yae no Sakura) is a 2013 Japanese historical drama television series and the 52nd NHK taiga drama. Written by Mutsumi Yamamoto, the drama focuses on Niijima Yae, who is portrayed by Haruka Ayase. Yae is a strong believer in women's rights and the story follows her journey in Japan, during the time it is opened up to Western ideas.

Yae, who came from the Aizu Domain (now within Fukushima Prefecture), was chosen for the taiga drama as her story of loss and hope was felt to be timely in the aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. The drama was nominated for the International Emmy Award for Best Drama Series.

International Emmy Award for Best Drama Series
The International Emmy Award for Best Drama Series is presented by the International Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (IATAS) during the International Emmy Awards ceremony. The category is described on the official International Academy website as being open to drama series that are “a dramatic production in which theme, storyline, and main characters are presented under the same title, with the intention to develop beyond a first season.” The award was first presented in 2002, recognizing programs broadcast in 2001. From 1979 to 2001, the category was presented as Best Drama.
Valerii Kondratiev
Valerii Valeriiovych Kondratiev(Ukrainian: Валерій Валерійович Кондратьєв; born 28 August 1970, Dnipropetrovsk) is a Ukrainian public person and sports executive. He is the president of BC Dnipro, the head of the Basketball Federation of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, and a former vice-president of the Basketball Federation of Ukraine.

BC Dnipro
The Basketball Club Dnipro (Ukrainian: баскетбольний клуб «Дніпро»), commonly known as simply Dnipro, is a Ukrainian professional basketball club that is based in Dnipro. The home court of the club is Palace of Sports Shynnik. The women's team of the club won the Ukrainian Superleague in 2010.
Utopie d'Occase
Utopie d'Occase is the fourth studio album by French rock group Zebda. It was released in 2002 and produced by Zebda and Nicholas Sansano.
After the success the band met with its previous album, Essence ordinaire, and especially with the song "Tomber la chemise", it feared it would be turned into a commercial band and so decided to put more focus on the lyrics in this album while still keeping the same music that the fans were used to. In Utopie d'occase the songs, written as usual by Magyd Cherfi, evoke such themes as immigration, racism, violence, poverty and social injustice.

Essence ordinaire
Essence ordinaire (pronounced [esɑ̃s ɔʁdinɛʁ]) is the third studio album by French rock band Zebda, released in 1998.

It was their landmark album, containing some of their most popular songs, in particular "Tomber la chemise", which catapulted them to fame and earned them a Victoire de la musique award.
The Aladdin Company
The Aladdin Company was a pioneer in the pre-cut, mail order home industry. Sometimes referred to as Aladdin Readi-Cut Houses, the company was the first to offer a true kit house composed of precut, numbered pieces.  Its primary competitors were Montgomery Ward and Sears, Roebuck and Co. (Sears Modern Homes) in the US and Eaton's in Canada. Two other kit home manufacturers, Lewis and Sterling, were also based in Bay City. Aladdin began operations in 1906 and ceased operations in 1987. In 2014 the rights to the company name and logo were acquired by Charles Munro and sold in 2018.

Montgomery Ward
Montgomery Ward is the name of two U.S. retail corporations. The original Montgomery Ward & Co. was a mail-order business and later a department store chain that operated between 1872 and 2001; its common nickname was "Monkey Wards". The current Montgomery Ward Inc. is an online shopping and mail-order catalog retailer that started three years after the original Montgomery Ward went out of business.
Kaliveedu (TV series)
Kaliveedu (transl. The House of Entertainment) was an Indian Malayalam-language soap opera directed by Dileep Kumar. The show aired from 15 November 2021 to 22 September 2024 on Surya TV. It stars Rebecca Santhosh and Nithin Jake Joseph in lead roles along with Gayathri Mayura, Uma Nair, Krishna Prabha and Sreelatha Namboothiri in pivotal roles. It is an official remake of Tamil TV series Roja.

Uma Nair
Uma Nair (born 17 April 1983) is an Indian film and television actress who works predominantly in Malayalam-language soap operas. She has appeared over 78 serials and 36 Movies. She is best known for playing the supporting role of Nirmala in Vanambadi.
Panini Tapobhumi
Pānini Tapobhumi (Nepali: पाणिनि तपोभुमि) is a Hindu temple site located on the high hill of Panena village in the Arghakhanchi district of Lumbini province, in Nepal. This religious place derives its name from sage Pānini, a Sanskrit philologist, grammarian, and revered scholar in ancient India, and is known as a locale where he performed penance.

According to legend, Pānini came to Panena where he performed penance and authored his work Ashtadhyayi, a treatise on Sanskrit grammar.

Panini Tapobhumi houses many temples and archaeological sites and is believed to be an interesting tourist destination.

Lumbini Province
Lumbini Province (Nepali: लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, romanized: Lumbinī pradēśa, IPA: [lumbiniː]) is a province in western Nepal. The country's third largest province in terms of area as well as population, Lumbini is home to the World Heritage Site of Lumbini, where according to Buddhist tradition Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born.

Lumbini borders Gandaki Province and Karnali Province to the north, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Uttar Pradesh and Bihar of India to the south. Lumbini's capital, Deukhuri, is near the geographic center of the province. The major cities in the province are Butwal and Siddharthanagar in Rupandehi district, Nepalgunj in Banke district, Tansen in Palpa district, and Ghorahi and Tulsipur in Dang district.
USS A. Houghton
USS A. Houghton – a 326 ton bark – was purchased during the beginning of the American Civil War by the Union Navy.

A. Houghton served throughout the war against the Confederate States of America as an ammunition ship, supporting the Union fleet. Towards the end of the war, she served as a storeship and as a health ship whose task it was to restore post-operative wounded personnel back to health.

Ammunition ship
An ammunition ship is an auxiliary ship specially configured to carry ammunition, usually for naval ships and aircraft. An ammunition ship's cargo handling systems, designed with extreme safety in mind, include ammunition hoists with airlocks between decks, and mechanisms for flooding entire compartments with sea water in case of emergencies. Ammunition ships most often deliver their cargo to other ships using underway replenishment, using both connected replenishment and vertical replenishment. To a lesser extent, they transport ammunition from one shore-based weapons station to another.
House of Nowzar
House of Nowzar (Persian: خاندان نوذر) also known as Nowzarian (نوذریان) is an important Iranian clan in Shahnameh and Persian mythology. Nowzar ruled Iran for seven years. After his death, the grandees of Iran didn't recognize his sons Tous and Gostaham as the shahanshah of Iran and instead they gave the throne to Kayanian dynasty.

Shahnameh
The Shahnameh is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 distichs or couplets (two-line verses), the Shahnameh is one of the world's longest epic poems, and the longest epic poem created by a single author. It tells mainly the mythical and to some extent the historical past of Iran from the creation of the world until the Muslim conquest in the seventh century. Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the greater region influenced by Persian culture such as Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan celebrate this national epic.

The work is of central importance in Persian culture and Persian language. It is regarded as a literary masterpiece, and definitive of the ethno-national cultural identity of Iran.
Calum Gallagher
Calum Gallagher (born 13 September 1994) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a forward for Scottish Championship club Arbroath. He has previously played for Rangers (with short loans at Alloa Athletic, East Stirlingshire and Cowdenbeath), St Mirren, Dumbarton and Airdrieonians; his longest spell was five seasons with Airdrie, departing in 2024 to join Arbroath.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Momauk
Momauk (Burmese: မိုးမောက်မြို့, Shan: ဝဵင်းမိူင်းမွၵ်) is a town in the Kachin State in the northernmost part of Myanmar (Burma). During the Myanmar civil war, the area between Momauk and Bhamo became a focal point of intense conflict, and Momauk was captured by the Kachin Independence Army in August 2024.

Momauk means "country that sends messengers" (Shan: ဝဵင်းမိူင်းမွၵ်) in Shan.

Shan language
Shan is the native language of the Shan people and is mostly spoken in Shan State, Myanmar. It is also spoken in pockets in other parts of Myanmar, in Northern Thailand, in Yunnan, in Laos, in Cambodia, in Vietnam and decreasingly in Assam and Meghalaya. Shan is a member of the Kra–Dai language family and is related to Thai. It has five tones, which do not correspond exactly to Thai tones, plus a sixth tone used for emphasis. The term Shan is also used for related Northwestern Tai languages, and it is called Tai Yai or Tai Long in other Tai languages. Standard Shan, which is also known as Tachileik Shan, is based on the dialect of the city of Tachileik.

In 2019, Ethnologue estimated there were 3.3 million Shan speakers, including 3.2 million in Myanmar. The Mahidol University Institute for Language and Culture estimates there are gave the number of Shan speakers in Thailand as 95,000 in 2006. Many Shan speak local dialects as well as the language of their trading partners.
Mercedes-Benz MFA platform
The Mercedes-Benz MFA platform (Modular Front-Drive Architecture) is a car platform that produced by German automotive company Daimler AG. Intended for subcompact front-engine, front- and four-wheel drive applications, the first generation was produced from 2012 to 2019. An evolution of the platform, MFA2, has been in production since 2018. The first iteration of the platform was also shared by Japanese automaker Infiniti from 2016 to 2019.

Infiniti
Infiniti (インフィニティ; IPA: [iɰ̃ɸiniti]) (stylized in all caps) is the luxury car division of the Japanese automaker Nissan. The brand began on November 8, 1989, initially in North America. The marketing network for Infiniti vehicles included dealers in over 50 countries in the 2010s. As of 2020, there were 25 markets served by new car dealers, primarily North America, China, Taiwan, and the Middle East.

According to Nissan, the Infiniti logo is a stylized representation of a road extending to the horizon—and of Mount Fuji, reflecting its Japanese origins.
X Factor Indonesia season 3
The third season of X Factor Indonesia aired on 13 December 2021 and is produced by RCTI in-house production and Fremantle Indonesia. Robby Purba resumes his role as the host of the show alongside returning judges Rossa, while Afgan, Ahmad Dhani and Bebi Romeo is replaced by Anang Hermansyah, Bunga Citra Lestari, Ariel "Noah", and Judika. The winner of this season received 1 billion rupiahs, an all-new car and motorcycle units, and a recording contract with Hits Records.

The competition was won by 24-year-old Alvin Jonathan, with Bunga Citra Lestari emerging as the winning mentor, ending Rossa's winning streak in the previous two seasons. It's Bunga's first win as a mentor and the first win for a contestant from the 'Boys' category.

Ariel (singer)
Nazril Irham (born 16 September 1981), known professionally as Ariel or Ariel "Noah", is an Indonesian singer of Minangkabau ancestry. He is the lead singer of the Indonesian band Noah, formerly known as Peterpan.

Ariel founded Peterpan in Bandung in 2000 with Andika, Indra, Lukman, Reza, and Uki. Peterpan's second album Bintang di Surga (2004) is one of the best-selling albums of all time in Indonesia. He was arrested in 2010 on charges relating to celebrity sex tapes found circulating on the internet after his laptop was stolen. Peterpan changed their name to Noah after Ariel's release in 2012. Noah also received commercial success, with their first album Seperti Seharusnya (2012) having sold over one million copies.
Hope A. Cristobal
Hope Alvarez Cristobal (born December 14, 1946) is a Guamanian educator, activist, politician, farmer, and museum director. Cristobal is a former  Democratic senator in the Guam Legislature. Cristobal is known for advocating for indigenous rights of the Chamorro people.

Chamorro people
The Chamorro people (/tʃɑːˈmɔːroʊ, tʃə-/; also Chamoru) are the Indigenous people of the Mariana Islands, politically divided between the United States territory of Guam and the encompassing Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Micronesia, a commonwealth of the US. Today, significant Chamorro populations also exist in several US states, including Hawaii, California, Washington, Texas, Tennessee, Oregon, and Nevada, all of which together are designated as Pacific Islander Americans according to the US census. According to the 2020 census, about 63,035 people with Chamorro ancestry live in Guam and another 17,163 live in the Northern Marianas. Among those, 50,420 identified as Chamorro alone (i.e. no other race) in Guam and 12,001 in Northern Marianas.
Bennetts Corner, Pennsylvania
Bennetts Corner is a populated place in Doylestown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, Bucks County, Pennsylvania at the intersection of Edison Furlong Road and Pebble Hill Road about 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Doylestown.

Doylestown, Pennsylvania
Doylestown is a borough in and the county seat of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the borough population was 8,300.

Doylestown is located 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Trenton, 25 miles (40 km) north of Center City Philadelphia, and 27 miles (43 km) southeast of Allentown. It is part of the Delaware Valley, and the Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Mudrasta: Ang Beking Ina!
Mudrasta: Ang Beking Ina! (lit. 'Stepmother: The Gay Mother!') is a 2025 Philippine family comedy film written by Jonison Fontanos and directed Julius Alfonso. It stars Roderick Paulate, Tonton Gutierrez, Carmi Martin, Elmo Magalona, Awra Briguela and Celia Rodriguez. This is Roderick Paulate’s first film following a career hiatus.

Awra Briguela
Awra Briguela (born March 26, 2004) (Tagalog: [ˈaʊɾa brɪˈgela]), is a Filipino actor and comedian who gained recognition after starring in FPJ's Ang Probinsyano (2016–2019), personally chosen for the role by the show's lead actor Coco Martin. Briguela's life was featured in a titular  episode of Maalaala Mo Kaya in 2016. In 2017, Awra was declared champion in the first season of the Filipino version of Your Face Sounds Familiar Kids.
Armour in the 18th century
Armour in the 18th century was minimalist and restricted almost entirely to cavalry, primarily to cuirassiers and, to a lesser degree, carabiniers and dragoons. Armour had been in rapid decline since the Thirty Years' War, although some archaisms had lingered on into the early years of the 18th century, like Austrian cuirassiers with buff coats and lobster-tailed helmets or Hungarian warriors with mail armour and shields. With the exception of Poland-Lithuania, which still made use of hussars wearing suits of plate armour, armour in Europe was primarily restricted to a (sometimes blackened) breast- and backplate, the cuirass, and a simple iron skull cap worn under the hat. By the later 18th century, there were two contradicting developments. Many cuirassier regiments were discarding their cuirasses, while helmets in the form of so-called dragoon helmets, made of brass or leather, made a comeback among the cavalry and infantry.

Cuirass
A cuirass (/kwɪˈræs, kjʊəˈræs/ kwih-RASS, kyuu-RASS; French: cuirasse; Latin: coriaceus) is a piece of armour that covers the torso, formed of one or more pieces of metal or other rigid material.

The term probably originates from the original material, leather, from the Old French word cuirace and the Latin word coriacea. The use of the term cuirass generally refers to both the breastplate and the backplate pieces; whereas a breastplate protects only the front, a cuirass protects both the front and the back of the wearer.
National flower of Taiwan
The national flower of Republic of China was officially designated as the plum blossom by the Executive Yuan of Republic of China on 21 July 1964. The plum blossom, known as the meihua (Chinese: 梅花; pinyin: méihuā), is a symbol for resilience and perseverance in the face of adversity, because plum blossoms often bloom most vibrantly even amidst the harsh winter snow. As the plum tree can usually grow for a long time, ancient trees are found throughout China. Huangmei county (Yellow Mei) in Hubei features a 1,600-year-old plum tree from the Jin Dynasty which is still flowering. The three stamens represents Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Three Principles of the People, while the five petals symbolize the five branches of the government: Executive Yuan, Legislative Yuan, Judicial Yuan, Examination Yuan and Control Yuan. The flower has also been proposed to be one of the national flowers for the People's Republic of China.

Three Principles of the People
The Three Principles of the People (Chinese: 三民主義; pinyin: Sānmín Zhǔyì), also known as the Three People's Principles, San-min Doctrine, San Min Chu-i, or simply Tridemism, is a political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen as part of a philosophy to improve China during the Republican Era and later in Taiwan during the Dang Guo era. The three principles are often translated into and summarized as nationalism, democracy, and the livelihood of the people (or welfarism). This philosophy has been claimed as the cornerstone of the nation's policy as carried by the Kuomintang; the principles also appear in the first line of the national anthem of the Republic of China.
Petkeljärvi National Park
Petkeljärvi National Park (Finnish: Petkeljärven kansallispuisto) is a national park in Ilomantsi in the North Karelia region of Finland. It was established in 1956 and covers 6 square kilometres (2 sq mi). Its specialities are e.g. fortification from the Continuation War, some of which have been renovated, and valuable eskers. The park's vegetation mostly consists of light Scots pine forests. The park, along with Patvinsuo National Park, belongs to the North-Karelian biosphere reserves of UNESCO.

Patvinsuo National Park
Patvinsuo National Park (Finnish: Patvinsuon kansallispuisto) is a national park in the North Karelia region of Finland, in the municipalities of Lieksa and Ilomantsi. It was established in 1982 and covers 105 square kilometres (41 sq mi). There are 80 kilometres (50 mi) of marked walking trails in the area. The park has bogs, former managed forest and slash-and-burn areas and some old-growth forests. Suomujärvi lake is located in the northeast area in the park.
Carlo Scalzi
Carlo Scalzi (c. 1700–c. 1767-68) was an Italian castrato who had an active performance career in major opera houses in Italy from 1718-1738. He was also heard in London in 1733–1734 where he notably created the role of Alceste in the world premiere of George Frideric Handel's Arianna in Creta. The librettist Pietro Metastasio described Scalzi as a "very unique singer" and likened his voice to that of the famous castrato Farinelli.

Arianna in Creta
Arianna in Creta ("Ariadne in Crete", HWV 32) is an opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel. The Italian-language libretto was adapted by Francis Colman from Pietro Pariati's Arianna e Teseo, a text previously set by Nicola Porpora in 1727 and Leonardo Leo in 1729.
Alf Mitchell (rugby league)
Alfred Derwent Mitchell (2 April 1910 – 28 February 1974) was a rugby league player. He represented the New Zealand rugby league team in 1 test against Australia in 1935. In the process he became the 238th player to represent New Zealand. Mitchell also played one match for Auckland Province in 1935. He played for the Richmond Rovers club in the Auckland Rugby League competition from 1933 to 1936. Mitchell enlisted in the New Zealand military and fought in World War 2.

Bert Cooke (rugby)
Albert Edward Cooke (5 October 1901 – 29 September 1977) was a New Zealand dual-code international rugby footballer of the 1920s and 1930s, who represented for New Zealand in both rugby union and rugby league.
Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath al-Kindi
Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn al-Ash'ath ibn Qays al-Kindī (Arabic: أبو القاسم محمد بن الأشعث بن قيس الكندي; died 686) was the chieftain of the Kinda tribe in Kufa, succeeding his father al-Ash'ath ibn Qays. He served as governor of Tabaristan under the Umayyad viceroy of Iraq, Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad and later as the governor of Mosul under the anti-Umayyad caliph Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr. He died fighting for the latter's brother and governor of Iraq, Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr, against the pro-Alid ruler of Kufa, Mukhtar al-Thaqafi, at the Battle of Harura in 686.

Tabaristan
Tabaristan or Tabarestan (Persian: طبرستان, romanized: Ṭabarestān; Mazanderani: تبرستون, romanized: Tabarestun; from Middle Persian: , Tapur(i)stān) was a mountainous region located on the Caspian coast of northern Iran. It corresponded to the present-day province of Mazandaran, which became the predominant name of the area from the 11th century onwards.
Johan Henrik Knuth
Johan Henrik (Heinrich) Knuth (22 August 1746 – 12 July 1802) was a Danish nobleman and the third Count of Knuthenborg. He served as Prefect of Zealand and the Faroe Islands from 1790 until his death. He also served as county governor (Danish: amtmand) of Roskilde County (1796–1799) and Copenhagen County (1800–1802).

Copenhagen County
Copenhagen County (Danish: Københavns Amt) is a former county (amt) on the island of Zealand (Sjælland) in eastern Denmark.  It covered the municipalities in the metropolitan Copenhagen area, with the exception of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg. Effective January 1, 2007, the county was abolished and merged into Region Hovedstaden (i.e. Copenhagen Capital Region).

The county was seated in Glostrup (from 1 January 1993; between 1952 and 1992 the county administration was located on Blegdamsvej in Copenhagen Municipality, which was surrounded by, but not part of the county).