hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carle rifle
The Carle rifle, also known as Carle's rifle or Carl's rifle, is a Russian breech-loading needle rifle that was developed in 1867.

The rifle was designed by Johannes Friedrich Christian Carle in 1865. The Carle rifle was designed to reuse and recycle old muzzle-loading rifled muskets in the arsenal and convert them into breechloaders. This rifle, among other rifles, was a part of the Russian modernization process that took place following the defeat in the Crimean War.

Although the Carle rifle was quickly replaced with more advanced rifles such as the Krnka rifle and eventually the Berdan rifle, more than 200 000 Carle rifles were produced. The Carle rifle saw military action on various frontiers including Russian conquest of Central Asia and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878.

Dreyse needle gun
The Dreyse needle-gun was a 19th-century military breech-loading rifle, as well as the first breech-loading rifle to use a bolt action to open and close the chamber. It was used as the main infantry weapon of the Prussians in the Wars of German Unification. It was invented in 1836 by the German gunsmith Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse (1787–1867), who had been conducting numerous design experiments since 1824.

The name "ignition needle rifle" (German: Zündnadelgewehr) was based on its firing pin, since it passed like a needle through the paper cartridge to strike a percussion cap at the base of the bullet. However, to conceal the revolutionary nature of the design, the rifle entered military service in 1841 as the leichtes Perkussionsgewehr Modell 1841 (transl. Light Percussion Rifle Model 1841). It had a rate of fire of about six rounds per minute.
Ghayn
The Arabic letter غ‎ (Arabic: غَيْنْ, ghayn or ġayn, [ɣæjn]) is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being thāʼ, khāʼ, dhāl, ḍād, ẓāʼ). It represents the sound /ɣ/ or /ʁ/. In name and shape, it is a variant of ʻayn (ع‎). Its numerical value is 1000 (see Abjad numerals). In Persian, it represents [ɣ]~[ɢ] and is the twenty-second letter in the new Persian alphabet.

Ghayn is written in several ways depending on its position in the word:

Voiced velar fricative
A voiced velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound that is used in various spoken languages. It is not found in most varieties of Modern English but existed in Old English. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɣ⟩, a Latinized variant of the Greek letter gamma, ⟨γ⟩, which has this sound in Modern Greek. It should not be confused with the graphically-similar ⟨ɤ⟩, the IPA symbol for a close-mid back unrounded vowel, which some writings use for the voiced velar fricative.

The symbol ⟨ɣ⟩ is also sometimes used to represent the velar approximant, which, however, is more accurately written with the lowering diacritic: [ɣ̞] or [ɣ˕]. The IPA also provides a dedicated symbol for a velar approximant, [ɰ].

There is also a voiced post-velar fricative, also called pre-uvular, in some languages. For the voiced pre-velar fricative, also called post-palatal, see voiced palatal fricative.
Kamran Madani
Kamran Madani (born September 9, 1996) is an American karateka. In 2019, he won, at first, the silver medal in the men's kumite 84 kg event at the Pan American Games held in Lima, Peru. This became the gold medal after Carlos Sinisterra of Columbia was disqualified for doping violations.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory
The Mars Science Laboratory and its rover, Curiosity, were launched from Earth on 26 November 2011. As of February 24, 2026, Curiosity has been in Gale Crater on the planet Mars for 4818 sols (4950 total days; 13 years, 202 days) since landing on 6 August 2012. (See Current status.)

Mars Science Laboratory
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is a robotic space probe mission to Mars launched by NASA on November 26, 2011, which successfully landed Curiosity, a Mars rover, in Gale Crater on August 6, 2012. The overall objectives include investigating Mars's habitability, studying its climate and geology, and collecting data for a human mission to Mars. The rover carries a variety of scientific instruments designed by an international team.
Cinderella Nine
Cinderella Nine (Japanese: 八月のシンデレラナイン, Hepburn: Hachigatsu no Shinderera Nain; "Cinderella Nine in August") is a Japanese free-to-play mobile video game for iOS and Android published by Akatsuki and Kadokawa. It was released in Japan on June 27, 2017, and ended its service on December 17, 2024. A four-panel comedy spin-off manga series by Bkub Okawa titled Hachi Nai Gaiden: Senryoku Gai! Katato-chan (ハチナイ外伝 戦力外！カタトちゃん) and a novelization titled Hachigatsu no Cinderella Nine ～Before Summer～ (八月のシンデレラナイン ～before summer～) are being serialized on the game's official website. A 4-episode original net animation adaptation of the four-panel manga titled Katato the Animation (カタトTHEアニメーション) was streamed between May and June 2017, and an anime television series adaptation of the original game by TMS Entertainment aired from April 7 to July 7, 2019.

Yonkoma
Yonkoma manga (4コマ漫画; "four cell manga" or 4-koma for short) is a comic strip format that generally consists of gag comic strips within four panels of equal size, following a structure known as kishōtenketsu.
Lashkar (film)
Lashkar  (Army) is a 1989 Bollywood action film directed by Jagdish Kadar, starring Dev Anand, Aditya Pancholi, Sonam, Madhavi, Hemant Birje, Sumeet Saigal, Jaaved Jaffrey, Kiran Kumar and Sadashiv Amrapurkar. The movie was a huge commission earner at the box office and is believed to be one of the last commercial successes of Dev Anand. This was the only film in the late 1980s that Dev Anand starred in that he did not produce or direct, but acted in the lead role and the film was a major box office success.

Jaaved Jaaferi
Syed Jaaved Ahmed Jaffrey (born 4 December 1962) is an Indian actor, dancer, producer and comedian who has appeared in Hindi films and television shows. He is the son of the comedian Jagdeep. He joined the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) in March 2014 and contested the 2014 Indian general election from the Lucknow constituency finishing fifth.

Jaffrey has been awarded the life membership of International Film And Television Club of Asian Academy of Film & Television. He was also the brand ambassador of the first India International Animation and Cartoon Film festival 2015.
Rebecca Busi
Rebecca Busi (born in 1996) is an Italian rally driver. She is the youngest Italian female competitor to finish the 2022 Dakar Rally. She finished her first year of World Rally-Raid Championship in fourth position in the overall T4 classification.

World Rally-Raid Championship
The World Rally-Raid Championship (officially abbreviated as W2RC) is a rally raid series co-sanctioned by the FIA and FIM and promoted by the Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO). The championship's seasons culminate with world championship titles in both automobile and motorcycle categories.

Beginning in 2022, the series replaced both the FIA World Cup for Cross-Country Rallies and FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship as the top echelon of the sport of rally raid. ASO will serve as series promoter for a period of five years.
John Basten
John Basten (born 1947) is a former judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales who served from 2 May 2005 to 15 April 2022. Although no longer a judge of appeal and having reached the mandatory judicial retirement age of 75, he continues to work as an Acting Judge of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales.

Supreme Court of New South Wales
The Supreme Court of New South Wales is the highest state court of the Australian state of New South Wales. It has unlimited jurisdiction within the state in civil matters, and hears the most serious criminal matters. Whilst the Supreme Court is the highest New South Wales court in the Australian court hierarchy, an appeal by special leave can be made to the High Court of Australia.

Matters of appeal can be submitted to the New South Wales Court of Appeal and Court of Criminal Appeal, both of which are constituted by members of the Supreme Court, in the case of the Court of Appeal from those who have been commissioned as judges of appeal.

The Supreme Court consists of 52 permanent judges, including the Chief Justice of New South Wales, currently Andrew Bell, the President of the Court of Appeal, 10 Judges of Appeal, the Chief Judge at Common Law, and the Chief Judge in Equity.

The Supreme Court's central location is the Law Courts Building in Queen's Square, Sydney.
Hokkaido Gals Are Super Adorable!
Hokkaido Gals Are Super Adorable! (Japanese: 道産子ギャルはなまらめんこい, Hepburn: Dosanko Gyaru wa Namaramenkoi) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kai Ikada. The story follows a Tokyo teenager who moves to Japan's northernmost prefecture of Hokkaido and meets a girl unlike any he has ever met before.

It was serialized for free on the Shōnen Jump+ application and website from September 2019 to September 2024, with the chapters collected and published into fourteen tankōbon volumes by Shueisha as of November 2024. Shueisha also publishes the series in English for free on the Manga Plus app and website. An anime television series adaptation produced by Silver Link and Blade aired from January to March 2024.

Silver Link
Silver Link, Inc. (株式会社シルバーリンク, Kabushiki-gaisha Shirubā Rinku; stylized as SILVER LINK.) is a Japanese animation studio. It was founded by ex-Frontline animation producer Hayato Kaneko in December 2007 and is based in Tokyo.
Trichosporon
Trichosporon is a genus of anamorphic fungi in the family Trichosporonaceae. All species of Trichosporon are yeasts with no known teleomorphs (sexual states). Most are typically isolated from soil, but several species occur as a natural part of the skin microbiota of humans and other animals. Proliferation of Trichosporon yeasts in the hair can lead to an unpleasant but non-serious condition known as white piedra. Trichosporon species can also cause severe opportunistic infections (trichosporonosis) in immunocompromised individuals.

Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota:

Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body.

Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs.

Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph.

The terms were introduced in 1981 to simplify the discussion of the procedures of the existing dual-naming system, which (1) permitted anamorphs to have their separate names but (2) treated teleomorphic names as having precedence for being used as the holomorphic name. The Melbourne Code removes the provisions and allows all names to compete on equal footing for priority as the correct name of a fungus, and hence does not use the term holomorph any more.
Amman Citadel Inscription
The Amman Citadel Inscription is the oldest known inscription in the so-called Ammonite language. It was discovered in 1961 in the Amman Citadel, and first published in full in 1968 by Siegfried Horn. At the time of its discovery it was the third longest Semitic stone inscription ever found in the Southern Levant, after the Mesha Stele and the Siloam inscription. The inscription is known as KAI 307. As of 1969, the inscription was on display at the Jordan Archaeological Museum.

Siegfried Horn
Siegfried Herbert Horn (March 17, 1908 – November 28, 1993) was a Seventh-day Adventist archaeologist and Bible scholar. He is best known for his excavations at Heshbon in Jordan and Shechem in the West Bank. He was Professor of History of Antiquity at the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary in Berrien Springs, Michigan (now part of Andrews University). The Siegfried H. Horn Museum at Andrews University was named in his honor. An educator of wide-ranging interests and abilities, his areas of specialty were Ancient Near Eastern chronology and archaeology.
Second United States Army
Second Army was most recently located at Fort Belvoir, Virginia as a Direct Reporting Unit to Headquarters U.S. Army, Chief Information Officer (CIO)/G-6.  Under the CIO/G-6, Second Army served as the single point of contact for Army missions and functions related to reporting on, assessing, planning, coordinating, integrating, synchronizing, directing and conducting Army network operations.  This mission ended after a 2017 reorganization, when the Second Army was inactivated.

Army Chief Information Officer/G-6
In September 2020, the Army realigned the previously consolidated CIO/G-6 function into two separate roles, Office of the Chief Information Officer and Deputy Chief of Staff, G-6, that report to the secretary of the Army and chief of staff of the Army, respectively. The realignment came after several months of planning and coordination. Lt. Gen. John Morrison was nominated to the Senate for promotion and assignment as the G-6 and confirmed, assuming that position in August 2020. Subsequently, the Secretary of the Army, Ryan McCarthy appointed Dr. Raj G. Iyer as the first civilian Chief Information Officer, a career Senior Executive Service position in November 2020.
Fakhraddin Musayev
Fakhraddin Musa oghlu Musayev (Azerbaijani: Fəxrəddin Musayev) (30 July 1957, Baýramaly, Turkmenistan – 11 April 1992, Fuzuli District, Azerbaijan) was the National Hero of Azerbaijan and warrior during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.

National Hero of Azerbaijan
The National Hero of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan milli qəhrəmanı) is the highest national title in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The title was named on 25 March 1992, and the "Qizil Ulduz" Medal awarded as a sign of receiving this title was established by a separate law on 15 July 1992. The law on the title has been in effect since 25 December 1995. It can only be awarded once to the same person.

The title is awarded for outstanding services of national importance to Azerbaijan in defence and strengthening of the state system and creation of important national values.
Fábio Gurgel
Fábio Duca Gurgel do Amaral (born 18 January 1970) is a Brazilian former mixed martial artist and 7th degree coral belt Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioner and coach.

One of the best jiu-jitsu competitors of his generation, Gurgel is a 4-time  World Jiu-Jitsu Champion (1996–2001), Brazilian National champion and European Open champion. Gurgel is the co-founder of the Alliance Jiu Jitsu team,  president of the Professional League of Jiu-Jitsu, and is regarded as one of the top coaches in Brazilian jiu-jitsu.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system
The Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system signifies a practitioner's increasing level of technical knowledge and practical skill within the art. Colored belts worn as part of the uniform are awarded to the practitioner. The ranking system shares its origins with the judo belt-rank system, but the Brazilian system incorporates some minor differences from Judo such as a division between youths and adults and the issuance of stripes and degrees. Some differences have become synonymous with the art, such as a marked informality in promotional criteria, a focus on competitive demonstration of skill, and conservative promotion.
Logba language
Logba is a Kwa language spoken in the south-eastern Ghana by approximately 7,500 people. The Logba people call themselves and their language Ikpana, which means ‘defenders of truth’. Logba is different from Lukpa of Togo and Benin, which is also sometimes referred to as Logba.

Kwa languages
The Kwa languages, often specified as New Kwa, are a proposed but as-yet-undemonstrated family of languages spoken in the south-eastern part of Ivory Coast, across southern Ghana, and in central Togo. The Kwa family belongs to the Niger-Congo phylum. The name was introduced in 1895 by Gottlob Krause and derives from the word for 'people' (Kwa) in many of these languages, as illustrated by Akan names. This branch consists of around 50 different languages spoken by about 25 million people. Some of the largest Kwa languages are Akan and Baule.
Diedrich Willers Jr.
Diedrich Willers Jr. (November 3, 1833 – June 25, 1908) was a Democratic politician from Varick, New York who served as Secretary of State of New York. Born to a working class German immigrant family, his political fortune was a notable example of the effect of civil service reform.

Varick, New York
Varick is a town in Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 1,656 at the 2020 census.  The town is named after Richard Varick, an officer in the American Revolution, mayor of  New York City, and uncle of the first Town Supervisor, Anthony Dey.

The Town of Varick is located in the central part of the county and is southeast of Geneva.

There is no post office in the Town of Varick. The primary postal district covering the area is Zip Code 14541 for Romulus.
Makoto Nishimoto
Makoto Nishimoto (Japanese: 西本 誠, Hepburn: Nishimoto Makoto; born August 14, 1986), also known as "Super Crazy-kun" (スーパークレイジー君, Sūpā Kureijī-kun) is a former Japanese politician. He was elected as city councillor of Toda, Saitama in 2021, but later the city election commission overturned his win due to a violation of the Japanese Public Offices Election Law in 2022. He was then elected as city councilor of Miyazaki City in 2023. He resigned after being arrested for sexually assaulting a female acquaintance in September 2023. He was charged with sexual assault in May 2024.

Toda, Saitama
Toda (戸田市, Toda-shi) is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2025, the city had an estimated population of 142,715 in 70,998 households and a population density of 7,841 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 18.19 square kilometres (7.02 sq mi).
Palamu Lok Sabha constituency
Palamu Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Palamau Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes. This constituency covers the entire Garhwa district and part of Palamu district.

Palamu district
Palamu district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand, India. It was formed in 1892. The administrative headquarters of the district is Medininagar, situated on the Koel River. Palamu district lies in north-western part of Jharkhand. It shares border with Chatra, Garhwa & Latehar Districts of Jharkhand state.
Malda Town–Kiul Intercity Express
The 13409 / 13410 Malda Town-Jamalpur Junction Intercity Express is an Express express train belonging to Indian Railways Eastern Railway zone that runs between Malda Town and Jamalpur Junction in India.

It operates as train number 13409 from Malda Town to Jamalpur Junction and as train number 13410 in the reverse direction serving the states of  West Bengal, Jharkhand & Bihar.

Malda Town railway station
Malda Town Railway Station is a railway station on the Howrah–New Jalpaiguri line under Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It serves the city of Malda in the Indian state of West Bengal. One of the first two Amrit Bharat Express trains originating from this station towards SMVT Bengaluru station was flagged off on 30 December 2023. It is 89th number railway station out of top 100 railway station of India in terms of revenue.
Whispering (song)
"Whispering" is a popular song published in 1920 by Sherman, Clay & Co. of San Francisco. The 1920 copyright attributes the lyrics to Malvin Schonberger and the music to John Schonberger. Sheet music credits Richard Coburn and Vincent Rose as the lyricists.

The song was first released by Paul Whiteman in September 1920 on Victor Records.

Victor Talking Machine Company
The Victor Talking Machine Company was an American recording company and phonograph manufacturer, incorporated in 1901. Victor was an independent enterprise until 1929 when it merged with the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and became the  RCA Victor Division of the Radio Corporation of America.

Established in Camden, New Jersey, Victor was the largest and most prestigious firm of its kind in the world, best known for its use of the iconic "His Master's Voice" trademark, the design,  production and marketing of the popular "Victrola" line of phonographs and the company's extensive catalog of operatic and classical music recordings by world famous artists on the prestigious Red Seal label. After Victor merged with RCA in 1929, the company maintained its eminence as America's foremost producer of records and phonographs until the 1960s.
Nathaniel Dwight
Nathaniel Dwight (June 20, 1712—March 30, 1784) was a surveyor, politician and militia captain in the Crown Point Expedition during the French and Indian War. He was among the founders of Cold Spring, now called Belchertown, Massachusetts in the US.

Battle of Lake George
The Battle of Lake George was fought on 8 September 1755, in the north of the Province of New York. It was part of a campaign by the British to expel the French from North America, in the French and Indian War. General Jean-Armand, and Baron Dieskau led a variety of regulars and irregulars. William Johnson led an army consisting solely of colonial irregulars and Iroquois warriors under Hendrick Theyanoguin. The battle consisted of three separate phases and ended in victory for the British and their allies. Afterward, Johnson built Fort William Henry in order to consolidate his gains.
Zoran Erbez
Zoran Erbez (born 15 September 1971) is a Bosnian professional football manager. He is one of the most notable Slavija Sarajevo managers ever, winning the Bosnian Cup and finishing in second place in the 2008–09 season.

2008–09 Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The 2008–09 Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian: Premijer Liga) was the ninth season since its establishment and the seventh as a unified country-wide league. It started on 2 August 2008 and ended on 23 May 2009. Modriča were the defending champions.
Bolo Dugga Maiki
Bolo Dugga Maiki is an Indian Bengali language romantic comedy film directed by Raj Chakraborty and produced by Shrikant Mohta and Mahendra Soni under the banner of Shree Venkatesh Films. The film stars Ankush Hazra and Nusrat Jahan in lead roles. The movie is partially based on the 2015 Malayalam movie Oru Vadakkan Selfie.

Shree Venkatesh Films
SVF Entertainment Pvt. Ltd.  is an Indian film production and distribution company, founded by Shrikant Mohta and Mahendra Soni in 1995. Apart from producing and distributing Bengali films in West Bengal, Bangladesh, Assam and Tripura, SVF also distributes Bollywood and Hollywood films in East India. The other divisions of the company include Exhibition, TV Content Production, Digital Cinema, Music, New Media and IPR syndication. SVF was in Anandabazar Patrika's powerlist for 2008 and 2010.