hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louis Lavater
Louis Isidore Lavater (2 March 1867 – 22 May 1953) was an Australian composer and author born in Victoria, of Swiss-Swedish extraction.

He published more than a hundred musical works, beginning in 1880 with the waltz Queen Mab which The Age reviewed in 1885 as that of "a musical talent of a respectable order," though noting that it was the earlier "work of a beginner."

He prepared musical settings of popular folklore by collaborating with well known Australian lyricists of his time, including Banjo Paterson, Henry Lawson and Mary Gilmore. He was a leading proponent of the Australian bush ballad as a vehicle for music education.

In 1938, Alfred Hill composed a musical setting of Lavater's verse Mopoke.

Lavater's words were also set by Australian composers Doctor Ruby Davy and Fanny Turbayne.

Banjo Paterson
Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson (17 February 1864 – 5 February 1941) was an Australian bush poet, journalist and author, widely considered one of the greatest writers of Australia's colonial period.

Born in rural New South Wales, Paterson worked as a lawyer before transitioning into literature, where he quickly gained recognition for capturing the life of the Australian bush. A representative of the Bulletin School of Australian literature, Paterson wrote many of his best known poems for the nationalist journal The Bulletin, including "Clancy of the Overflow" (1889) and "The Man from Snowy River" (1890). His 1895 ballad "Waltzing Matilda" is regarded widely as Australia's unofficial national anthem and, according to the National Film and Sound Archive, has been recorded more than any other Australian song.
Music from the Connection
Music from The Connection is a jazz album by trumpeter Howard McGhee recorded on June 13, 1960, and released on the Felsted label. It features performances by McGhee, Tina Brooks, Freddie Redd, Milt Hinton and Osie Johnson.  The album featured music from the off-Broadway play The Connection by Jack Gelber, featuring music composed by Redd. A slightly earlier recording of the same score by the Freddie Redd Quartet with Jackie McLean, The Music From "The Connection", was issued by Blue Note.

Milt Hinton
Milton John Hinton (June 23, 1910 – December 19, 2000) was an American double bassist and photographer.

Regarded as the Dean of American jazz bass players, his nicknames included "Sporty" from his years in Chicago, "Fump" from his time on the road with Cab Calloway, and "The Judge" from the 1950s and beyond. Hinton's recording career lasted over 60 years, mostly in jazz but also with a variety of other genres as a prolific session musician.

He was also a photographer of note, praised for documenting American jazz during the 20th Century.
Stock Squad
Stock Squad is a 1985 Australian television film directed by Howard Rubie and starring Martin Sacks, Gerard Kennedy, Kris McQuade, and Richard Meikle. It focuses on the rural crime division. It aired on 30 April 1986, in Sydney.

Richard Meikle
Richard Meikle (10 October 1929 – 2 June 1991) was an Australian actor who worked extensively in radio, theatre, and television, (TV movies and guest in serials), He was the father of screenwriter and director Sam Meikle and he also worked in England.
Suriname at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Suriname was represented at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain by the Suriname Olympic Committee.

In total, six athletes including five men and one woman represented Suriname in three different sports including athletics, cycling and swimming.

Suriname won one medal at the games after Anthony Nesty claimed bronze in the swimming men's 100 m butterfly.

Anthony Nesty
Anthony Conrad Nesty (born November 25, 1967) is a former competition swimmer from Suriname who was an Olympic gold medallist in the 100-metre butterfly event in 1988. He is currently the head coach of the Florida Gators men's and women's swimming team at the University of Florida, where he attended school.

In September 2023, Nesty was named the head coach for the US men's swimming team at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.
Nocturnal Submissions
Nocturnal Submissions was an Australian literary periodical, based in Melbourne, which appeared sporadically and ran from 1991 to 1999. It was founded by David Lumsden and later edited by the novelist M. J. Hyland. Seamus Heaney — in the blurb on the back of issue 6 — said "Nocturnal Submissions is a handsome magazine, solid and worthwhile."

Authors whose work appeared in the periodical included Billy Collins, Peter Carey, Steve Kilbey, August Kleinzahler, Chris Wallace-Crabbe, John F. Deane and Alan Wearne. It was one of the first magazines to publish work by Peter Bakowski.

Peter Bakowski
Peter Bakowski (born 15 October 1954) is an Australian poet. His poems often use deceptively simple words and images, reminiscent at times of words in a child's picture book, but with some stylistic similarities to the work of writers such as Charles Simic or Vítězslav Nezval,
Reilly Creek
Reilly Creek is a tributary of Creasy Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.3 miles (3.7 km) long and flows through Dennison Township. Reilly Creek has one named tributary, which is known as Mill Creek. The creek is slightly acidic, but has some alkalinity and water hardness. It is relatively unlikely that the creek will experience water pollution. The main rock formations in the vicinity of the creek include the Mauch Chunk Formation and the Pocono Formation. The creek is considered to be a Coldwater Fishery.

Pocono Formation
The Mississippian Pocono Formation is a mapped bedrock unit in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia, in the United States. It is also known as the Pocono Group in Maryland and West Virginia,
and the upper part of the Pocono Formation is sometimes called the Burgoon Formation or Burgoon Sandstone in Pennsylvania.
The Pocono is a major ridge-former In the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians of the eastern United States

The Pocono is also a lateral equivalent of the Purslane Sandstone in Maryland and West Virginia.  D. Brezinski of Maryland Geological Survey recommended abandoning use of the term Pocono in Maryland in favor of "Purslane" in 1989.
Denial of Violence
Denial of Violence: Ottoman Past, Turkish Present and Collective Violence Against the Armenians, 1789–2009 is a 2015 book by Turkish sociologist Fatma Müge Göçek which deals with the denial, justification, and rationalization of state-sponsored violence against Armenians in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century, focusing especially on the Armenian genocide and its persistent denial in Turkey. Among the arguments made in the book is that the Armenian genocide was an act of foundational violence that enabled the creation of the Republic of Turkey and its continuing denial is an ideological foundation of the Turkish nation-state. The book was praised by reviewers for its extensive research and methodological innovation, although some noted that it was dense and not easy to read for those not familiar with the topic.

Foundational violence
Foundational violence are acts of violence that create sovereignty, a process that often involves ethnic cleansing or even genocide. Fatma Müge Göçek writes:

It is a truism that all states that engage in nation-building commit collective violence, and it is also the case that such violence is often the most destructive in a nation's history... I argue here that among all acts of violence committed directly or indirectly by states and their governments, those that are temporally closest to the nation's creation myth are silenced and denied the most and the longest because they constitute a foundational violence. It is foundational because any discussion is framed as a direct threat to the legitimacy and stability of the state and society in question.
Bandra Terminus–Vapi Passenger
The 59045 Bandra Terminus Vapi Passenger was a Passenger train belonging to Indian Railways - Western Railway zone that ran between Bandra Terminus and Vapi in India.

It operated as train number 59045 from Bandra Terminus to Vapi serving the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat.

Bandra Terminus
Bandra Terminus (station code: BDTS) also known as Vandre Terminus (in Marathi) is a railway terminus in Bandra, Maharashtra from where trains bound for northern India and western India are scheduled regularly. It was built in the 1990s to address congestion at the main Mumbai Central station. It is one of the five railway terminus within Greater Mumbai. The other four terminals are – Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai Central, Lokmanya Tilak Terminus and Dadar. It is close to Bandra Kurla Complex, a commercially important part of Mumbai as well as Mumbai Airport.
Gemeentelijk Sportpark Kaalheide
The Gemeentelijk Sportpark Kaalheide is a stadium situated in Kerkrade, Netherlands. It is the former stadium of Roda JC, who since 2000 play in the Parkstad Limburg Stadion. It is still in use for youth and Jong Roda JC (U21) matches.

50°51′39.34″N 6°02′19.33″E﻿ / ﻿50.8609278°N 6.0387028°E﻿ / 50.8609278; 6.0387028

Parkstad Limburg Stadion
The Parkstad Limburg Stadion (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpɑr(ə)kstɑt ˈlɪmbʏr(ə)x ˌstaːdijɔn], Ripuarian: [ˈpɑʁəkʃtɑt ˈlembøʁəç ˌʃtaːdijɔn]) is a football stadium in Kerkrade, completed in 2000. With a present-day capacity of 19,979 seats, the stadium was officially opened on 15 August 2000 with a friendly between Roda JC and Real Zaragoza (2–2).

It is the home stadium of the football club Roda JC Kerkrade from the Netherlands. In 2005 the Parkstad Limburg Stadion hosted the opening match and the semi-finals of the FIFA World Youth Championship Netherlands 2005.
Free-market environmentalism
Free-market environmentalism is a type of environmentalism that argues that the free market, property rights, and tort law provide the best means of preserving the environment, internalizing pollution costs, and conserving resources. Free-market environmentalists therefore argue that the best way to protect the environment is to clarify and protect property rights. This allows parties to negotiate improvements in environmental quality.  It also allows them to use torts to stop environmental harm. If affected parties can compel polluters to compensate them they will reduce or eliminate the externality.

Market proponents advocate changes to the legal system that empower affected parties to obtain such compensation. They further claim that governments have limited affected parties' ability to do so by complicating the tort system to benefit producers over others.

Homestead principle
The homestead principle is the principle by which one gains ownership of an unowned natural resource by performing an act of original appropriation. Appropriation could be enacted by putting an unowned resource to active use (as with using it to produce some product),
joining it with previously acquired property, or by marking it as owned (as with livestock branding).

Homesteading is one of the foundations of Rothbardian anarcho-capitalism and right-libertarianism.
Salvador Minguijón Adrián
Salvador Minguijón Adrián (1874–1959) was a Spanish law scholar, political theorist and politician. As a lawyer he is known mostly as a longtime academic in the University of Zaragoza and briefly member of the Spanish constitutional court. As a theorist he is considered one of key representatives of Traditionalism. As a politician he is recognized as associated with Carlism, Christian Democracy, Primoderiverismo, Social Catholicism and early Francoism.

Prince Jaime, Duke of Anjou and Madrid
Jaime de Borbón y de Borbón-Parma, known as the Duke of Madrid (27 June 1870 – 2 October 1931), was the Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain under the name Jaime III and the holder of the Legitimist claim to the throne of France as Jacques I.
Pindarrie
Pindarrie (foaled 1817) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. He raced five times and won the Riddlesworth Stakes and 2000 Guineas Stakes. He was owned by George FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton, and trained by Robert Robson. He only raced in 1820 and was then sent to India.

Riddlesworth Stakes
The Riddlesworth Stakes was a flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-olds. It was run on the Abington Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and was scheduled to take place each year in early or mid April on the Monday of the Craven meeting.

In its early years the race was considered one of the great stakes races of the British racing season and was as important and prestigious as the races now known as the British Classic Races. In most years it carried more prize money than either the 1000 Guineas or the 2000 Guineas. The race underwent several modifications in its history. From 1820 until 1823 it was run as two separate races, one for colts and one for fillies. From 1834 a second Riddlesworth Stakes was run on the Tuesday of the Craven meeting. After the 1830s the race declined in importance.
Chahardangeh Rural District (Chaharbagh County)
Chahardangeh Rural District (Persian: دهستان چهاردانگه) is in the Central District of Chaharbagh County, Alborz province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sonqorabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Chahar Dangeh, now the city of Chaharbagh.

Chaharbagh County
Chaharbagh County (Persian: شهرستان چهارباغ) is in Alborz province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Chaharbagh, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 48,828 in 14,380 households.
1950–51 Netherlands Football League Championship
The Netherlands Football League Championship 1950–1951 was contested by 60 teams participating in five divisions. The national champion would be determined by a play-off featuring the winners of each division of the Netherlands. PSV Eindhoven won this year's championship by beating DWS, Willem II, Blauw-Wit Amsterdam and sc Heerenveen.

At the end of this season, the KNVB re-aligned the current system of Divisions into 4 new Divisions for 1951–52, to be called Eerste Klasse A-D.

AFC DWS
Amsterdamsche Football Club Door Wilskracht Sterk (English: Amsterdam Football Club Strong Through Willpower), also referred to as AFC DWS, Door Wilskracht Sterk or simply DWS, is a Dutch football club from Amsterdam, currently competing in the Derde Klasse (English: Third Class), the sixth tier of amateur football in the Netherlands.
On the Murder of Eratosthenes
"On the Murder of Eratosthenes" is a speech by Lysias, one of the "Canon of Ten" Attic orators. The speech is the first in the transmitted Lysianic corpus and is therefore also known as Lysias 1. The speech was given by a certain Euphiletos(Εὐφίλητος), defending himself against the charge that he murdered Eratosthenes(Ἐρατοσθένης), after he supposedly caught Eratosthenes committing adultery with his wife. Euphiletos defends himself claiming that the killing of Eratosthenes was justifiable homicide, rather than murder. The case was heard before the Delphinion, the court which ruled on cases of justifiable homicide.

Lysias
Lysias (/ˈlɪsiəs/; Λυσίας; c. 445 – c. 380 BC) was an Athenian logographer and one of the ten Attic orators later canonized by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace. He wrote speeches for litigants across a wide range of public and private actions during the late fifth and early fourth centuries BC, with thirty-four transmitted in the medieval corpus and many others known by title or fragment. Ancient critics, especially Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and modern scholarship identify Lysias as an exemplar of the plain style, emphasizing idiomatic diction, character-appropriate voice, and concise narrative framing. His speech Against Eratosthenes and the fragmentary Olympic Oration are commonly cited for historical evidence on postwar Athens and for programmatic statements on Greek politics.
Reborn as a Space Mercenary
Reborn as a Space Mercenary: I Woke Up Piloting the Strongest Starship! (Japanese: 目覚めたら最強装備と宇宙船持ちだったので、一戸建て目指して傭兵として自由に生きたい, Hepburn: Mezametara Saikyō Sōbi to Uchūsen Mochi Datta no de, Ikkodate Mezashite Yōhei Toshite Jiyū ni Ikitai) is a Japanese light novel series written by Ryūto and illustrated by Tetsuhiro Nabeshima. It began serialization online in February 2019 on the user-generated novel publishing website Shōsetsuka ni Narō. It was later acquired by Fujimi Shobo, who have published sixteen volumes since July 2019 under their Kadokawa Books imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Shinichi Matsui has been serialized online via Kadokawa Corporation's ComicWalker website since November 2019 and has been collected in ten tankōbon volumes. An anime adaptation has been announced.

Kadokawa Corporation
Kadokawa Corporation (Japanese: 株式会社KADOKAWA, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kadokawa), formerly Kadokawa Dwango Corporation, is a Japanese conglomerate based in Fujimi, Chiyoda, Tokyo.

Created as a result of the merger of the original Kadokawa Corporation and Dwango Co., Ltd. on October 1, 2014, the company has holdings in entertainment (including anime and video game studios), publishing, and real estate among other assets.

Kadokawa is a member of the Motion Picture Association of Japan (MPPAJ) and is therefore one of the youngest of Japan's Big Four film studios.
Main Intaquam Loonga
Main Intaquam Loonga  (transl. I will take revenge) is a 1982 Indian Hindi-language action sports film starring Dharmendra, Reena Roy, Nirupa Roy, and Amrish Puri. Dharmendra plays a boxer in the film. Footage from this film was used in the 2007 film Apne, also starring Dharmendra as a retired boxer. It is a remake of the 1978 Kannada film Thayige Thakka Maga. The Film was a Hit.

Dharmendra's son Sunny Deol was used as a stand-in for his father where he is shown doing one hand push-ups at the very beginning of the title song. This was before he made his debut as a leading actor in Betaab (1983). The story and many scenes were inspired by Rocky.

Nirupa Roy
Nirupa Roy (born Kokila Kishorechandra Bulsara; 4 January 1931 – 13 October 2004) was an Indian actress who primarily worked in Hindi films. She was mainly known for playing motherly roles and was dubbed the "Queen of Misery" in Hindi film circles due to her portrayals of tragedy and sorrow.  Roy was active from 1946 to 1999, appeared in over 250 films, and won three Filmfare Awards throughout her career, and was nominated a total of 4 times. In 2004, Roy received the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award.
Norichio Nieveld
Norichio Nieveld (born 25 April 1989) is a Dutch footballer who plays as a centre-back for Eerste Klasse club VV Papendrecht.

He formerly played for Feyenoord, Excelsior, PEC Zwolle, FC Eindhoven and Go Ahead Eagles. He is also a former Netherlands youth international, gaining 29 caps at different age levels.

PEC Zwolle
Prins Hendrik Ende Desespereert Nimmer Combinatie Zwolle, commonly known as PEC Zwolle, is a Dutch professional football club based in Zwolle, Netherlands. They play in the Eredivisie, the top tier of Dutch football. They have played in the Eredivisie for a total of 22 seasons, reaching sixth place in 2015. They won the KNVB Cup in 2014 and also reached the final in 1928, 1977 and 2015.

This is the second incarnation of the club; its predecessor of the same name went bankrupt in 1990. The current club was founded immediately afterwards as FC Zwolle before renaming back to PEC Zwolle in 2012.
Carrigogunnell
52°38′48″N 8°44′33″W﻿ / ﻿52.64667°N 8.74250°W﻿ / 52.64667; -8.74250

Carrigogunnell Castle (Irish: Chairrge Ó gCoinneall) is a medieval Irish fortification near the village of Clarina, on the banks of the River Shannon in County Limerick.

The structure dates to at least the early 13th century, and was slighted in September 1691 after being captured during the second siege of Limerick.

Siege of Limerick (1691)
52°39′55″N 8°37′26″W﻿ / ﻿52.6653°N 8.6238°W﻿ / 52.6653; -8.6238

The siege of Limerick in western Ireland was a second siege of the town during the Williamite War in Ireland (1689–1691). The city, held by Jacobite forces, was able to beat off a Williamite assault in 1690. However, after a second siege in August–October 1691, it surrendered on favourable terms.
USS Sealion (SS-195)
USS Sealion (SS-195), a Sargo-class submarine, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the sea lion, any of several large, eared seals native to the Pacific. The first American submarine victim of enemy action in World War II was the USS Sealion

Sargo-class submarine
The Sargo-class submarines were among the first United States submarines to be sent into action after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, starting war patrols the day after the attack, having been deployed to the Philippines in late 1941.  Similar to the previous Salmon class, they were built between 1937 and 1939. With a top speed of 21 knots, a range of 11,000 nautical miles (20,000 km) (allowing patrols in Japanese home waters), and a reliable propulsion plant, along with the Salmons they were an important step in the development of a true fleet submarine. In some references, the Salmons and Sargos are called the "New S Class", 1st and 2nd Groups.

The Sargo-class submarine USS Swordfish (SS-193) had the distinction of being the first US Navy submarine to sink a Japanese ship in World War II.
Oubliette Mountain
Oubliette Mountain is a 3,070-metre (10,072 ft) mountain summit located on the shared border of Jasper National Park in Alberta, and Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Situated in the Tonquin Valley, Oubliette Mountain is part of The Ramparts in the Canadian Rockies. The nearest higher neighbor is Dungeon Peak, 1.0 km (0.62 mi) to the northwest. Not coincidentally,  an oubliette is a secret dungeon with access only through a trapdoor in its ceiling. The mountain's descriptive name was coined by Cyril G. Wates.

Dungeon Peak
Dungeon Peak is a 3,129-metre (10,266 ft) mountain summit located on the shared border of Jasper National Park in Alberta, and Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Dungeon Peak is part of The Ramparts in the Tonquin Valley. The descriptive name was applied in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland (1878-1948), a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies.  The mountain's name was made official in 1935 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.
Gerrans
Gerrans (Cornish: Gerens) is a coastal civil parish and village on the Roseland Peninsula in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village adjoins Portscatho (the villages have almost merged into one but retain their identities) on the east side of the peninsula. The village is situated approximately seven miles (11 km) south-southeast of Truro.

The name Gerrans derives from Gerent, a 6th-century Cornish saint. The parish runs north–south along the eastern side of the Roseland peninsula. It is bounded to the south and east by the sea, to the west by St Just in Roseland parish, and to the north by Philleigh parish. The population was 933 in the 2001 census, reducing to 794 at the 2011 census. Trewithian is the only settlement of any size in the parish apart from Gerrans and Portscatho.

Gerrans lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).

St Just in Roseland
St Just in Roseland (Cornish: Lannsiek) is a village and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village is 6 miles (10 km) south of Truro and 2 miles (3 km) north of St Mawes, a small village within the parish of St Just in Roseland. The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 1,158.

St Just in Roseland lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).
Prime Minister & I
Prime Minister & I (Korean: 총리와 나; RR: Chongniwa na) is a 2013 South Korean television drama starring Im Yoon-ah, Lee Beom-soo, Yoon Shi-yoon, Chae Jung-an and Ryu Jin. It aired on KBS2 from December 9, 2013 to February 4, 2014 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 22:00 for 17 episodes.

Lee Beom-soo
Lee Beom-soo (born October 16, 1969) is a South Korean actor. He is well known for his role in Singles (2003), Giant (2010), On Air (2008), Surgeon Bong Dal-hee (2007), as well as in History of a Salaryman (2012).