hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xlib
Xlib (also known as libX11) is an X Window System protocol client library written in the C programming language. It contains functions for interacting with an X server. These functions allow programmers to write programs without knowing the details of the X protocol.

Few applications use Xlib directly; rather, they employ other libraries that use Xlib functions to provide widget toolkits:

X Toolkit Intrinsics (Xt)

Athena widget set (Xaw)

Motif

FLTK

GTK

Qt (X11 version)

Tk

SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer)

SFML (Simple and Fast Multimedia Library)

Xlib, which was first publicly released in September 1985, is used in GUIs for many Unix-like operating systems. A re-implementation of Xlib was introduced in 2007 using XCB.

Widget toolkit
A widget toolkit, widget library, GUI toolkit, GUI framework, UI framework, or UX library is a library or a collection of libraries containing a set of graphical control elements (called widgets) used to construct the graphical user interface (GUI) of programs.

Most widget toolkits additionally include their own rendering engine. This engine can be specific to a certain operating system or windowing system or contain back-ends to interface with multiple ones and also with rendering APIs such as OpenGL, OpenVG, or EGL.
The look and feel of the graphical control elements can be hard-coded or decoupled, allowing the graphical control elements to be themed/skinned.
Constantino of Braganza
D. Constantino of Braganza (Portuguese: Constantino de Bragança; 1528–1575) was a Portuguese nobleman, conquistador, and administrator of the Portuguese Empire. Born a member of the powerful House of Braganza, he is best known for having served as Viceroy of India and for initiating the Portuguese conquest of Sri Lanka.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Nakai Penny
Nakai Penny (born 4 April 1996) is a Canadian rugby union player who plays for Seattle Seawolves in Major League Rugby (MLR). His usual position is flanker (As of 2018).

Penny previously played for the University of British Columbia Thunderbirds and Westshore RFC in the BC Premier League competition.

British Columbia Men's Premier League
The British Columbia Men's Premier League is a provincial rugby union competition currently contested by twelve clubs in British Columbia, Canada and one in the U.S. state of Washington. The BC Premier League is organized by the British Columbia Rugby Union.

The league currently consists of teams from the Lower Mainland and Vancouver Island. Clubs play each other twice throughout the regular season. The top six teams are then seeded and qualify for two rounds of playoffs. The top two teams from the semi-finals then face each other at the BC Rugby Club Finals in May.
Clancy Fernando
Admiral Wannakuwatta Waduge Erwin Clancy Fernando VSV, USP, MNI (In Sinhalese: ක්ලැන්සි ෆර්නැන්ඩෝ; 10 October 1938 – 16 November 1992) was a senior Sri Lanka Navy officer. He served as the Commander of the Sri Lanka Navy from 1 November 1991 to 16 November 1992, when he was assassinated by the LTTE he was the most senior officer in the Sri Lankan armed forces to be killed in the line of duty.

Uththama Seva Padakkama
The Uttama Seva Padakkama (USP, Meritorious Service Medal) (Sinhala: උත්තම සේවා පදක්කම uṭṭama sēvā padakkama) is presented to all ranks of the regular forces of the Sri Lankan military for:

...valuable service and devotion to duty marked by exceptional ability, merit and exemplary conduct provided they count not less than 15 years continuous and uninterrupted service and possess and unblemished record of moral and military conduct...—
Solvable group
In mathematics, more specifically in the field of group theory, a solvable group or soluble group is a group that can be constructed from abelian groups using extensions.  Equivalently, a solvable group is a group whose derived series terminates in the trivial subgroup.

Group extension
In mathematics, a group extension is a general means of describing a group in terms of a particular normal subgroup and quotient group.  If  and  are two groups, then  is an extension of  by  if there is a short exact sequence

If  is an extension of  by , then  is a group,  is a normal subgroup of  and the quotient group  is isomorphic to the group .  Group extensions arise in the context of the extension problem, where the groups  and  are known and the properties of  are to be determined. Note that the phrasing " is an extension of  by " is also used by some.

Since any finite group  possesses a maximal normal subgroup  with simple factor group , all finite groups may be constructed as a series of extensions with finite simple groups. This fact was a motivation for completing the classification of finite simple groups.

An extension is called a central extension if the subgroup  lies in the center of .
Bluetooth stack
A Bluetooth stack is software that is an implementation of the Bluetooth protocol stack.

Bluetooth stacks can be roughly divided into two distinct categories:

General-purpose implementations that are written with emphasis on feature-richness and flexibility, usually for desktop computers. Support for additional Bluetooth profiles can typically be added through drivers.

Embedded system implementations intended for use in devices where resources are limited and demands are lower, such as Bluetooth peripheral devices.

Device driver
A device driver is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling other software to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware.

A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.

Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
Sugar candy
Sugar candy is any candy whose primary ingredient is sugar. The main types of sugar candies are hard candies, fondants, caramels, jellies, and nougats. In British English, this broad category of sugar candies is called sweets, and the name candy or sugar-candy is used only for hard candies that are nearly solid sugar.

Sugar candy is a sub-type of candy, which includes sugar candies as well as chocolates, chewing gum and other sweet foods.  Candy, in turn, is a sub-type of confectionery, which also includes sweet pastries and sometimes ice cream.

Caramel
Caramel (/ˈkærəˌmɛl/, /ˈkærəməl/ or (US) /ˈkɑːrməl/) is a range of food ingredients made by heating sugars to high temperatures. It is used as a flavoring in puddings and desserts, as a filling in bonbons or candy bars, as a topping for ice cream and custard, and as a colorant commonly used in drinks.

The process of caramelization primarily consists of heating sugars slowly to around 170 °C (340 °F). As the sugar heats, the molecules break down and re-form into compounds with a characteristic colour and flavour.

A variety of sweets, desserts, toppings, and confections are made with caramel, including tres leches cake, brittles, nougats, pralines, flan, crème brûlée, crème caramel, and caramel apples. Ice creams are sometimes flavored with or contain swirls of caramel.
Ionic strength
The ionic strength of a solution is a measure of the concentration of ions in that solution. Ionic compounds, when dissolved in water, dissociate into ions. The total electrolyte concentration in solution will affect important properties such as the dissociation constant or the solubility of different salts. One of the main characteristics of a solution with dissolved ions is the ionic strength. Ionic strength can be molar (mol/L solution) or molal (mol/kg solvent) and to avoid confusion the units should be stated explicitly. The concept of ionic strength was first introduced by Lewis and Randall in 1921 while describing the activity coefficients of strong electrolytes.

Molality
In chemistry, molality is a measure of the amount of solute in a solution relative to a given mass of solvent. This contrasts with the definition of molarity which is based on a given volume of solution.

A commonly used unit for molality is moles of solute per kilogram solvent (mol/kg). A solution of concentration 1 mol/kg is often written as 1 molal (or 1 m).
Sampson W. Keeble
Sampson W. Keeble (May 18, 1833 – June 19, 1887) a businessman and politician in Tennessee during the Reconstruction era. In 1872, he was the first African American elected to the Tennessee Legislature, serving from 1873 to 1875 in the Tennessee House of Representatives as a Republican member from Davidson County.

Born into slavery in Rutherford County, Keeble became a barber. The profession enabled practitioners to build networks in the business community. At some time, Keeble moved to Nashville in Davidson County, Tennessee, where he built his business. After freedmen were granted the franchise, he joined the Republican Party and became politically active. In addition to serving in the legislature, he was a Davidson County magistrate, serving from 1877 to 1882.

A bronze bust of Keeble was dedicated in the Tennessee State Capitol in 2010.

Davidson County, Tennessee
Davidson County is a county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is located in the central part of the region of Middle Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 715,884, making it the second most populous county in Tennessee. Its county seat is Nashville, the state capital and most populous city.

Since 1963, the city of Nashville and Davidson County have had a consolidated government called the "Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County", commonly referred to as "Metro Nashville" or "Metro". This is distinct from the larger metropolitan area.

Davidson County has the largest population in the 13-county Nashville metropolitan area, the state's most populous metropolitan area. Nashville has always been one of the region's centers of commerce, industry, transportation, and culture, but it did not become the capital of Tennessee until 1827 and did not gain permanent capital status until 1843.
1759 Kienle
1759 Kienle, provisional designation 1942 RF, is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 11 September 1942, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The S-type asteroid has a longer-than average rotation period of 29.3 hours. It was named for German astrophysicist Hans Kienle.

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Álvaro Silva (footballer)
Alvaro Linares Silva (born March 30, 1984), known as Álvaro Silva (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalβaɾo ˈsilβa]), is a former professional footballer who played as a centre-back. Born in Spain, he represented the Philippines national team.

He played for clubs in Spain, Romania, Azerbaijan, Kuwait, South Korea, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand during his senior career, notably amassing Segunda División totals of 165 matches and two goals at the service of Málaga B, Málaga, Xerez (two spells) and Cádiz.

Atlético Malagueño
Club Atlético Malagueño, shortened to Atlético Malagueño, (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈtletiko malaˈɣeɲo]) is a Spanish football team based in Málaga, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1990, it is the reserve team of Málaga CF, and currently plays in Segunda Federación – Group 4, holding home games at Ciudad Deportiva Federación Malagueña de Fútbol, which has a capacity of 1,300 spectators.

Reserve teams in the Spain play in the same football pyramid as their senior team rather than a separate league. However, reserve teams cannot play in the same division as their senior team. Therefore, the team is ineligible for promotion to the division in which the first team competes. Reserve teams are also no longer permitted to enter the Copa del Rey.
Justo Ruiz
Justo Ruiz González (born 31 August 1969) is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

In a 21-year senior career, his professional input consisted of 62 Segunda División games with Bilbao Athletic and Eibar and 23 in the Portuguese Segunda Liga with União da Madeira.

Starting in 2008, Ruiz worked as manager of the Andorra under-21 national team for 11 years.

Andorra national under-21 football team
The Andorra national under-21 football team is the national under-21 football team of Andorra and is controlled by the Andorran Football Federation.

The team played the first match against Iceland, in an extra preliminary round for the 2007 European Under-21 Football Championship. They drew the first game 0–0 at home and lost the away leg 2–0. Andorra under-21 did not take part in the 2009 Under-21 European Championship qualifying, but was back again for the 2011 Under-21 Championship qualifying in 2009.
They won their first competitive match on 16 June 2015, beating Lithuania 1–0 at home.
Jarvis Hall, Steyning
Jarvis Hall is a former Nonconformist chapel in the village of Steyning, in the Horsham district of the English county of West Sussex.  Since its construction in 1835, the Classical-style building has been used by four different Nonconformist Christian denominations: the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion, Wesleyan Methodists, the Salvation Army and Plymouth Brethren.  The Brethren occupied it last and for the longest time.  After about 150 years of religious use, it was sold for residential conversion.  English Heritage has listed the former chapel at Grade II for its architectural and historical importance.

Wesleyan Methodist Church (Great Britain)
The Wesleyan Methodist Church (also named the Wesleyan Methodist Connexion) was the majority Methodist movement in England following its split from the Church of England after the death of John Wesley and the appearance of parallel Methodist movements.

The word Wesleyan in the title differentiated it from the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists (who were a majority of the Methodists in Wales) and from the Primitive Methodist movement, which separated from the Wesleyans in 1807. The Wesleyan Methodist Church followed John and Charles Wesley in holding to an Arminian theology, in contrast to the Calvinism held by George Whitefield, by Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon (founder of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion), and by Howell Harris and Daniel Rowland, the pioneers of Welsh Methodism. Its Conference was also the legal successor to John Wesley as holder of the property of the original Methodist societies.
Yodwanpadet Suwanwichit
Yodwanpadet Suwanwichit (Thai: ยอดวันเผด็จ สุวรรณวิจิตร), born Pravit Suwanwichit (ประวิทย์ สุวรรณวิจิตร, 19 November 1961), is a Thai Muay Thai fighter and promoter, amateur boxer and Royal Thai Air Force group captain. He is a former Rajadamnern and Lumpinee champion, known by the ring names Wanpadet Sitkhrumai (วันเผด็จ ศิษย์ครูหมาย) and Wanpadet Phukrongfah (วันเผด็จ ผู้ครองฟ้า), among others. He won medals in boxing at the 1987 and 1989 SEA Games, and competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

In 2012 (aged 51), he fought a publicity match against Somluck Kamsing at Rajadamnern Stadium, where tickets sold out for the first time in over 15 years.

Rajadamnern Stadium
Rajadamnern Stadium (Thai: สนามมวยราชดำเนิน, RTGS: Sanam Muai Ratchadamnoen, IPA: [sànǎːm mūaj râːtt͡ɕʰàdāmnɤ̄ːn]) is a sporting arena in Bangkok, Thailand. Along with Lumpinee Boxing Stadium, Rajadamnern is one of the two main stadiums for modern Muay Thai. It hosts fights everyday from Monday to Sunday. The stadium has its own ranking system and championship titles up to middleweight (160 lbs).
2022 PDC North American Championship
The 2022 North American Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Bet365 North American Championship) was the fourth edition of the tournament organized by the Professional Darts Corporation for North American players. The tournament took place at the Hulu Theater, New York City, United States on 4 June 2022, and featured the 8 players from the North American side of players that had qualified for the 2022 US Darts Masters, competing in a knockout system, with the winner earning a place in the 2023 PDC World Darts Championship and the 2022 Grand Slam of Darts.

Danny Baggish was the defending champion after defeating Jeff Smith 6–5 in the 2019 final, but he would lose 6–3 in the final to Leonard Gates.

2022 Grand Slam of Darts
The 2022 Cazoo Grand Slam of Darts, was the sixteenth staging of the Grand Slam of Darts, organised by the Professional Darts Corporation. The event took place at the Aldersley Leisure Village, Wolverhampton, 12–20 November 2022.

Gerwyn Price was the defending champion, after defeating Peter Wright 16–8 in the 2021 final, but he was eliminated by Raymond van Barneveld, losing 16–13 in their quarter-final.

Michael Smith won his first major title, defeating Nathan Aspinall 16–5 in the final. It was the first time the tournament had been won by an Englishman since 2014, when it was won by Phil Taylor.

Josh Rock, who made his debut, hit a nine-dart finish during his second-round defeat to Michael van Gerwen.
Harold Spencer Kerby
Air Vice Marshal Harold Spencer Kerby, CB, DSC, AFC (14 May 1893 – 8 June 1963) was a Canadian-born air officer of the Royal Air Force. He served in the Royal Naval Air Service during the First World War, where he became a flying ace with nine confirmed aerial victories, later transferring to the Royal Air Force, rising to command of British Air Forces in East Africa during the Second World War.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
James Budd
James Herbert Budd (May 18, 1851 – July 30, 1908) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for California's 2nd district from 1883 to 1885 and as the 19th governor of California from 1895 to 1899. He was the last Democrat to hold the latter office until the election of Culbert Olson 40 years later.

California's 2nd congressional district
California's 2nd congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in California. Jared Huffman, a Democrat, has represented the district since January 2013. It encompasses the North Coast region and adjacent areas of the state. It stretches from the Golden Gate Bridge to the Oregon border, and includes all of the portions of Highway 101 within California that are north of San Francisco, excepting a stretch in Sonoma County.
The district consists of Marin, Mendocino, Humboldt, Del Norte, and Trinity counties, plus portions of Sonoma County. Cities in the district include San Rafael, Petaluma, Novato, Windsor, Healdsburg, Ukiah, Fort Bragg, Fortuna, Eureka, Arcata, McKinleyville, Crescent City, and northwestern Santa Rosa.
Donaldsonville Louisiana Artillery
The Donaldsonville Louisiana Artillery was a Louisiana artillery unit that fought in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Formed from an old militia company, it arrived in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War in September 1861 with three obsolete guns and was equipped with three additional rifled guns. The battery fought at Yorktown, Williamsburg, Seven Pines, Gaines' Mill, Glendale, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Shepherdstown and Fredericksburg in 1862. The following year the unit served at Gettysburg and in the Bristoe and Mine Run campaigns. The battery fought in the Overland Campaign and at the Siege of Petersburg in 1864. It surrendered at Appomattox in April 1865.

Battle of Mine Run
The Battle of Mine Run, also known as Payne's Farm, or New Hope Church, or the Mine Run campaign (November 27 – December 2, 1863), was conducted in Orange County, Virginia, in the American Civil War.

An unsuccessful attempt of the Union Army of the Potomac to defeat the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, it was marked by false starts and low casualties and ended hostilities in the Eastern Theater for the year.
Karen Faulds
Karen Jane Faulds FRSE is a Scottish academic and Professor of Analytical Chemistry at the University of Strathclyde. She develops surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for bioanalysis, and has won several awards for her research, including the Coblentz Society Craver Award.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy or surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a surface-sensitive technique that enhances Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on rough metal surfaces or by nanostructures such as plasmonic-magnetic silica nanotubes. The enhancement factor can be as much as 1010 to 1011, which means the technique may detect single molecules.
2026 NRFL Leagues
The 2026 NRFL Leagues is the 62nd and 60th seasons respectively of the NRFL Championship and NRFL Conference,  football competitions in New Zealand. Established in 1965, currently twelve teams compete in the Championship while 8 teams compete in the Northern and Southern sections of the Conference League.

2025 NRFL Leagues
The 2025 NRFL Leagues was the 61st and 59th seasons respectively of the NRFL Championship and NRFL Conference,  football competitions in New Zealand. Established in 1965, currently twelve teams compete in the Championship while 8 teams compete in the Northern and Southern sections of the Conference League.