hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Symphonie
The Symphonie satellites (2 satellites orbited) were the first communications satellites built by France and Germany (and the first to use three-axis stabilization in geostationary orbit with a bipropellant propulsion system) to provide geostationary orbit injection and station-keeping during their operational lifetime. After the launch of the second flight model, they comprised the first complete telecommunications satellite system (including an on-orbit spare and a dedicated ground control segment). They were the result of a program of formal cooperation between France and Germany.

Liquid-propellant rocket
Liquid rocket fuel.

Oxidizer.

Pumps carry the fuel and oxidizer.

The combustion chamber mixes and burns the two liquids.

Combustion product gasses enter the nozzle through a throat.

Exhaust exits the rocket.

A liquid-propellant rocket or liquid rocket uses a rocket engine burning liquid propellants. (Alternate approaches use gaseous or solid propellants.) Liquids are desirable propellants because they have reasonably high density and their combustion products have high specific impulse (Isp). This allows the volume of the propellant tanks to be relatively low.
Hein Wellens
Henrick Joan Joost (Hein J. J. ) Wellens, M.D., (1935–2020) was a Dutch cardiologist who is considered one of the founding fathers of clinical cardiac electrophysiology - a discipline which enables patients with cardiac arrhythmias to have catheter electrode mapping and ablation.

Wellens was known among European cardiologists as "the giant of Maastricht" and for many years was associated with the University of Limburg School of Medicine in Maastricht, Netherlands. At his department of cardiology, many future clinical cardiac electrophysiologists trained from 1976 until his retirement in 2002.

Maastricht University
Maastricht University (abbreviated as UM; Dutch: Universiteit Maastricht) is a public research university in Maastricht, Netherlands. Founded in 1976, it is the second youngest of the fourteen Dutch universities.

In 2023, 22,976 students studied at Maastricht University, 59% of whom were students from outside of the Netherlands, with over 4,000 employees. About half of the bachelor's programmes are fully offered in English, while the other half is taught wholly or partly in Dutch. Most of the master's and doctoral programmes are in English. Besides traditional programmes, Maastricht University also has three honours liberal arts colleges: University College Maastricht and the Maastricht Science Programme in the same liberal arts tradition. The satellite University College Venlo opened in 2015.
Alexander Laszlo
Alexander Laszlo (*1964) is a polycultural systems scientist, currently residing in Argentina.

Laszlo was the 57th President of the International Society for the Systems Sciences (ISSS), known for his work on systems theories and "education ecosystems". He, furthermore, is the President of the Board of Directors of the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (BCSSS), based in Vienna, Austria. He also functions as the director of research at the Laszlo Institute of New Paradigm Research (LINPR), which is based in Trieste, Italy.

With his research and work Alexander Laszlo has delivered outstanding contributions in the fields of leadership, systemic innovation, and sustainability.

International Society for the Systems Sciences
The International Society for the Systems Sciences (ISSS) is a worldwide organization for systems sciences. The overall purpose of the ISSS is:

to promote the development of conceptual frameworks based on general system theory, as well as their implementation in practice. It further seeks to encourage research and facilitate communication between and among scientists and professionals from various disciplines and professions at local, regional, national, and international levels.

Conceived in 1954 as the Society for the Advancement of General Systems Theory, and started in 1955/56, the Society for General Systems Research became the first interdisciplinary and international co-operation in the field of systems theory and systems science. In 1988 it was renamed the International Society for the Systems Sciences.
Oleg Kurguskin
Oleg Anatolyevich Kurguskin (Russian: Олег Анатольевич Кургускин; born 11 April 1966, in Elista) is a Russian motorcycle speedway rider who was a member of Russia team at 2001 and 2005 Speedway World Cup.

2001 Speedway World Cup
The 2001 Speedway World Cup (SWC) was the 1st FIM Speedway World Cup season (and 42nd edition of a speedway team World Cup). The Final took place on 7 July 2008 in Wrocław, Poland. The tournament was won by Australia (68 points) and they beat host team Poland (65 pts), Sweden (51 pts), Denmark (44 pts) and United States (30 pts) in the Final.
Johannes Grant
Johannes Grant or Johannis Grandi was a mercenary employed by the Byzantine Empire at the fall of Constantinople in 1453.
Contemporary Greek and Latin accounts referred to him as being German, although Runciman has suggested he may actually have been a Scot named John Grant. He appears to have been affiliated with the Genoese contingent of mercenaries at the siege, possibly part of the men commanded by Giovanni Giustiniani. His use of counter-mining tunnels prevented the Turks from weakening or invading Constantinople from under the walls. He would fill barrels with water and observe the waves, using incendiary weapons, mostly Cheirosiphon to destroy Ottoman tunnels.

Greek fire
Greek fire was an incendiary weapon system used by the Byzantine Empire from the seventh to the fourteenth centuries. The recipe for Greek fire was a closely-guarded state secret; historians have variously speculated that it was based on saltpeter, sulfur, or quicklime, but most modern scholars agree that it was based on petroleum mixed with resins, comparable in composition to modern napalm. Byzantine sailors would toss grenades loaded with Greek fire onto enemy ships or spray it from tubes. Its ability to burn on water made it an effective and destructive naval incendiary weapon, and rival powers tried unsuccessfully to copy the material.
Ratan Shankar Mishra
Ratan Shankar Mishra (1918–1999) was an Indian mathematician and academic who was known for his solutions to the Unified fluid theory of Albert Einstein. He headed the department of Mathematics of the University of Gorakhpur (1958) and University of Allahabad (1963-1968) and served as the vice chancellor of Lucknow University (1982-1985), as the reader at University of Delhi (1954-1958) and as the dean at Banares Hindu University, Varanasi (1965-1968). He was honoured by the Government of India in 1971 with Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award.

Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University
Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University (Informally known as Gorakhpur University) is located in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.
The University of Gorakhpur is a teaching and residential-cum-affiliating University. It has entered the league of top five state universities of the country by achieving NAAC Grade A++ rank. It has become the first university of the state to get a 3.78 score. It is about two kilometres (1.2 mi). from the downtown to the east and almost walking distance from railway station to the south.
Ministry of Economy and Industry (Syria)
The Ministry of Economy and Industry (Arabic: وزارة الاقتصاد والصناعة) is a government ministry in Syria and part of the cabinet. It was established on 29 March 2025 as the result of a merger between the Ministry of Economy and Foreign Trade, the Ministry of Industry, and the Ministry of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection.

Council of Ministers (Syria)
The Council of Ministers (Arabic: مجلس وزراء سوريا, romanized: Majlis wuzarāʾ Sūriyā) was first constituted in the Syrian Constitution of 1930. Following the fall of the Assad regime on 8 December 2024, Syria is currently undergoing a political transition, with Ahmed al-Sharaa leading a Syrian transitional government.
E. C. Riegel
Edwin Clarence Riegel (June 18, 1879 – 1953), generally known as E.C. Riegel, was an American author, consumer advocate and independent scholar who campaigned against restrictions on free markets that harmed consumers and promoted an alternative monetary theory and an early private enterprise currency alternative.

Best selling libertarian author Harry Browne, in the introduction to his 1974 book You Can Profit from a Monetary Crisis described Riegel's book The New Approach to Freedom as "The best explanation of the free market I've seen." Author David Boyle, devotes a chapter of his book The Money Changers: Currency Reform from Aristotle to e-cash to E.C. Riegel. Riegel is referenced on alternative currency, commercial barter and investment strategy sites.

Private currency
A private currency is a currency issued by a private entity, be it an individual, a commercial business, a nonprofit or decentralized common enterprise. It is often contrasted with fiat currency issued by governments or central banks. In many countries, the issuance of private paper currencies and/or the minting of metal coins intended to be used as currency is a criminal act, such as in the United States (18 U.S. Code § 486). Digital cryptocurrency is sometimes treated as an asset instead of a currency. Cryptocurrency is illegal as a currency in a few countries (mainly in West Asia and North Africa).

Today, there are over four thousand privately issued currencies in more than 35 countries. These include commercial trade exchanges that use barter credits as units of exchange, private gold and silver exchanges, local paper money, computerized systems of credits and debits, and digital currencies in circulation, such as digital gold currency.
CIBK-FM
CIBK-FM (98.5 Virgin Radio) is a contemporary hit radio station based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The Bell Media outlet operates at 98.5 FM with an effective radiated power of 100 kW from a transmitter located at the intersection of Old Banff Coach Road and 85 Street Southwest, and its studios located in the CTV Calgary studios on Patina Rise SW in the Prominence Point neighborhood of Calgary.

As of Winter 2020, CIBK is the 16th-most-listened-to radio station in the Calgary market according to a PPM data report released by Numeris.

Virgin Radio
Virgin Radio is a branding of radio stations broadcast in Canada, France, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Italy, Romania, Turkey, Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates and Oman. As of January 2026, there were over 60 stations globally.

The stations in each country are owned and operated locally and independently of each other and the Virgin Group, which licenses the Virgin Radio brand and provides support services.
Minnie Evans
Minnie Eva Evans (December 12, 1892 – December 16, 1987) was an African-American artist who worked in the United States from the 1940s to the 1980s. Evans used different types of media in her work such as oils and graphite, but started with using wax and crayon. She was inspired to start drawing due to visions and dreams that she had all throughout her life, starting when she was a young girl. She is known as a southern folk artist and outsider artist, as well as a surrealist and visionary artist.

Crayon
A crayon (or wax pastel) is a stick of pigmented wax used for writing or drawing. Wax crayons differ from pastels, in which the pigment is mixed with a dry binder such as gum arabic, and from oil pastels, where the binder is a mixture of wax and oil.

Crayons are available in a range of prices, and are easy to work with. They are less messy than most paints and markers, blunt (removing the risk of sharp points present when using a pencil or pen), typically non-toxic, and available in a wide variety of colors. These characteristics make them particularly good instruments for teaching small children to draw in addition to being used widely by student and professional artists.
Freddie Slater (racing driver)
Freddie Slater (/ˈsleɪ.tər/; born 9 August 2008) is a British racing driver who is set to compete in the FIA Formula 3 Championship for Trident as part of the Audi Driver Development Programme.

Born and raised in Warwickshire, Slater began competitive kart racing aged seven. During his successful karting career—culminating in his victories at the World Championship in 2020 and the European Championship in 2021 (OK-J) and 2023 (KZ2)—Slater graduated to sportscar racing, aged 14. Following multiple titles in Ginettas, Slater progressed to junior formulae with his record-breaking 2024 campaign in Italian F4, alongside his victory in F4 UAE. Graduating to Formula Regional in 2025, he won the European Championship and finished runner-up in the Middle East.

FIA Formula 3 Championship
The FIA Formula 3 Championship (FIA F3) is a third-tier international single-seater racing championship organised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The championship launched in 2019 as a feeder series for the FIA Formula 1 World Championship and FIA Formula 2 Championships. It was the result of a merger between two third-tier single-seater racing championships, the GP3 Series and the FIA Formula 3 European Championship. This championship is part of the FIA Global Pathway consolidation project plan. Unlike its co-predecessor, the Formula 3 European Championship, the series runs exclusively in support of Formula One races.
Prom Samnang
Prom Samnang (Khmer: ព្រំ សំណាង; born September 9, 1987) is a Cambodian Kun Khmer fighter. He is widely considered the most successful Kun Khmer fighters in history. In 2023, Samnang won the Thai Fight Kard Chuek championship title in Thailand, won the gold medal for his country at the SEA Games in the Khun Khmer Men's 81kg division and faced Dave Leduc in the biggest fight in Cambodia's history watched live by over 15 million people.

Kun Khmer at the 2023 SEA Games
Kun Khmer competitions at the 2023 SEA Games took place at Morodok Techo National Stadium, Phnom Penh. Kun Khmer or Pradal serey is an ancient Cambodian variation of Kick boxing, dating back to the Khmer Empire in the 9th century AD. A total of 19 medals were awarded.

The sport marked its debut at the SEA Games, however a similar sport named Muay Thai was contested in earlier editions. Thai athletes protested over the use of the term 'Kun Khmer' over 'Muay Thai'. The International Federation of Muaythai Associations boycotted the events and Thai athletes decided not to take part in the games under the name 'Kun Khmer'.
Cynodon gibbus
Cynodon gibbus, known as the dogtooth characin, snub-nosed payara, and Agassiz's payara, is a species of freshwater fish in the Cynodontidae family of the order Characiformes. It is a piscivore (fish eater) that occurs in rivers, lakes, and lagoons throughout much of northern South America, including the Amazon River basin. The species is fished by subsistence fishermen, commercial fishermen, and sport fishermen. Mostly silver-gray with a spot behind the gill opening and another at the caudal fin, it has long, sharp teeth and reaches a maximum of 32.2 centimetres (12.7 in) in standard length and 487.66 grams (1.08 lb). The species is abundant in its range. First described by Louis Agassiz in 1829, it is one of three species in the genus Cynodon, alongside C. septenarius and C. meionactis.

Cynodontidae
Cynodontidae, from Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn), meaning "dog", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth", also known as dogtooth characins or vampire tetras, are a family of predatory, characiform freshwater fishes from South America. This group is not very diverse, and includes only three genera and eight species. The largest species in this family ranges up to 117 cm (3.84 ft).

They are characterized by an oblique mouth and very long distinct canines, which are used to capture and stab their prey, other fish that can be up to half the length of the cynodontine itself. They are not prized as food fish, but are important in subsistence and commercial fisheries. Hydrolycus are game fish, having been recently added to the International Game Fish Association in the fly and rod class. Cynodontid fish are also sometimes housed in aquaria.
Sole (fish)
A sole is a fish belonging to several families in the suborder Pleuronectoidei. Generally speaking, they are  members of the family Soleidae, but, outside Europe, the name sole is also applied to various other similar flatfish, especially other members of the sole suborder Soleoidei as well as members of the flounder family. In European cookery, there are several species which may be considered true soles, but the common or Dover sole Solea solea, often simply called the sole, is the most esteemed and most widely available.

Soleidae
The true soles are a family, Soleidae, of flatfishes. It includes saltwater and brackish water species in the East Atlantic, Indian Ocean, West and Central Pacific Ocean, and the Mediterranean sea. Freshwater species are found in Africa, southern Asia, New Guinea, and Australia. Many soles are important food species: the common sole, Solea solea, is popular in northern Europe and the Mediterranean.
Rock sandpiper
The rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) is a small shorebird in the sandpiper family Scolopacidae. This is a hardy sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and subarctic regions of Alaska and the Chukotka and Kamchatka Peninsulas. It is closely related to the purple sandpiper that breeds in arctic regions of northeast Canada and the northwest Palearctic, and in the past was often considered conspecific with it.

Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian: полуо́стров Камча́тка, romanized: poluóstrov Kamchátka, pronounced [pəlʊˈostrəf kɐmˈt͡ɕætkə], Ainu: Cupka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (777 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi). The Sea of Okhotsk bounds the peninsula's western coastline, immediately offshore of the peninsula and below the Bering Sea runs the 9,600-metre-deep (31,496 ft) Kuril–Kamchatka Trench. Its eastern coastline is the Bering Sea, part of the Pacific Ocean.

The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, with about 13,000 being Koryaks (2014). More than half of the population lives in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (179,526 in 2010) and nearby Yelizovo (38,980). The Kamchatka Peninsula contains the volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, that form part of the Ring of Fire.
Merric Boyd
William Merric Boyd, known more as Merric Boyd (24 June 1888 – 9 September 1959), was an Australian artist, active as a ceramicist, sculptor, and in extensive chronicling of his family and surroundings in pencil drawing. He has been called the father of Australian studio pottery.

The Boyd family of many generations includes painters, sculptors, architects and other arts professionals, starting with Boyd's parents Arthur Merric Boyd and Emma Minnie Boyd. Boyd's brothers were Penleigh, a landscape artist, and Martin, a writer. He and his wife, Doris, raised the painters Arthur and David, and sculptor Guy. Their eldest daughter, Lucy, was a ceramic painter.

Boyd family
The Boyd family is an Australian family whose members over several generations  contributed to the arts in the fields of painting, sculpture, pottery, ceramics, literature, architecture, poetry and music. The Boyd family is considered an artistic dynasty.
Rolls-Royce Peregrine
The Rolls-Royce Peregrine was a 21-litre (1,300 cu in),  885-horsepower (660 kW) liquid-cooled V-12 aero engine designed and built by the British manufacturer Rolls-Royce in the late 1930s. It was essentially the ultimate development of the company's Kestrel engine, which had seen widespread use in military aircraft of the pre-war period.

Due to the wartime priority of Rolls-Royce Merlin development and production, the Peregrine saw limited use and was cancelled with only 301 engines being built.

V12 engine
A V12 engine is a twelve-cylinder piston engine where two banks of six cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. V12 engines are more common than V10 engines. However, they are less common than V8 engines.

The first V12 engine was built in 1904 for use in racing boats. Due to the balanced nature of the engine and the smooth delivery of power, V12 engines were found in early luxury automobiles, boats, aircraft, and tanks. Aircraft V12 engines reached their apogee during World War II, after which they were mostly replaced by jet engines. In Formula One racing, V12 engines were common during the late 1960s and early 1990s.

Applications of V12 engines in the 21st century have been as marine engines, in railway locomotives, as large stationary power as well as in some European sports and luxury cars.
Eriksholm: The Stolen Dream
Eriksholm: The Stolen Dream is a 2025 adventure stealth game developed by River End Games and published by Nordcurrent. Set in the fictional city of Eriksholm, the game follows Hanna—a young orphan whose brother, Herman, disappears—as she embarks on a quest to uncover the truth behind his disappearance. Featuring an isometric perspective, the player can choose from three playable characters, including Hanna, as they explore the city, complete objectives and puzzles, and employ stealth to evade enemies. The game's setting is inspired by early-20th-century Scandinavian cities and architecture. Eriksholm: The Stolen Dream was released for PlayStation 5, Windows, and Xbox Series X/S in July 2025. It received generally favorable reviews from critics.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
2017 Boston City Council election
Boston City Council elections were held on November 7, 2017. Nine seats in the Boston City Council (five district representatives and four at-large members) were contested in the general election, as the incumbents in districts 3, 4, 5, and 6 were unopposed. Four seats (districts 1, 2, 7, and 9) had also been contested in the preliminary election held on September 26, 2017.

2017 Boston mayoral election
The Boston mayoral election of 2017 was held on Tuesday, November 7, 2017, to elect the mayor of Boston, Massachusetts. Incumbent Democratic mayor Marty J. Walsh won re-election to a second term, defeating District 7 City Councilor Tito Jackson, and two long-shot candidates, Robert Cappucci and Joseph Wiley.

A non-partisan preliminary election was held on Tuesday, September 26, 2017, with Walsh and Jackson advancing into a November runoff election. In the November election, Walsh secured a landslide victory, winning by a two-to-one margin. A total of 109,034 of the city's approximately 392,000 registered voters cast a ballot in the November election. The voter turnout of 27.80% was down ten percentage points from the 2013 mayoral election, which generated more excitement as the first Boston mayoral race in a generation without an incumbent.