hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Stroukoff
Michael Stroukoff (29 January 1883 - 22 December 1973) was a Russian White Guard soldier and an American architect and  aircraft designer. He served in the White Army during the Russian Revolution before emigrating to the United States in 1922. After spending some time as an architect, he joined the Chase Aircraft Company and designed a number of transport aircraft for the United States Army Air Forces and the United States Air Force, later starting his own company to perform further aeronautical work.

White Army
The White Army, also known as the White Guard, the White Guardsmen, or simply the Whites, was a common collective name for the armed formations of the White movement and anti-Bolshevik governments during the Russian Civil War. They fought against the Red Army of Soviet Russia.

When it was created, the structure of the Russian Army during the period of the Russian Provisional Government was used, while almost every individual formation had its own characteristics. The military art of the White Army was based on the experience of the First World War which left a strong imprint on the specifics of the Russian Civil War.
Alfred Newton
Alfred Newton FRS HFRSE (11 June 1829 – 7 June 1907) was an English zoologist and ornithologist. Newton was Professor of Comparative Anatomy at Cambridge University from 1866 to 1907. Among his numerous publications were a four-volume Dictionary of Birds (1893–6), entries on ornithology in the Encyclopædia Britannica (9th edition) while also an editor of the journal Ibis from 1865 to 1870. In 1900 he was awarded the Royal Medal of the Royal Society and the Gold Medal of the Linnaean Society. He founded the British Ornithologists Union.

William Henry Flower
Sir William Henry Flower KCB FRS FRCS FRAI (30 November 1831 – 1 July 1899) was an English surgeon, museum curator  and comparative anatomist, who became a leading authority on mammals and especially on the primate brain. He supported Thomas Henry Huxley in an important controversy with Richard Owen about the human brain and eventually succeeded Owen as Director of the Natural History Museum in London.
Springdale Mall
Springdale Mall is a shopping center located in Mobile, Alabama, United States, directly across from The Shoppes at Bel Air. Opened in 1959 as an open-air shopping center, Springdale Mall was later redeveloped as an enclosed shopping center. Facing competition from larger shopping centers in the area, Springdale was demolished in stages in the 2000s, with most of the former enclosed mall being replaced with big-box stores.

Springdale is almost entirely an open-air center again, featuring Bealls, Conn’s HomePlus, Burlington Coat Factory, Cost Plus World Market, Crunch Fitness, Five Below, Marshalls, Sam's Club, and Shoe Station as anchor stores. The center is managed and owned by Brixmor.

Burlington (department store)
Burlington, formerly known as Burlington Coat Factory, is an American national off-price retailer, and a division of Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corporation with more than 1,138 stores in 46 states and Puerto Rico, with its corporate headquarters located in Burlington Township, New Jersey. In 2007, it was acquired by Bain Capital in a transaction and in 2008, Tom Kingsbury became president and CEO. The company went public again in 2013. Burlington is the third largest off-price retailer after TJX and Ross Stores.
Athens, Pennsylvania
Athens is a borough in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of Northeastern Pennsylvania and is located 2 miles (3 km) south of the New York state line on the Susquehanna and Chemung rivers. The population was 3,265 at the 2020 census. Athens is in a small area locally known as "The Valley", a group of four contiguous communities in Pennsylvania and New York: Waverly, New York; South Waverly, Pennsylvania; Sayre, Pennsylvania; and Athens. The Valley has a population near 30,000.

Chemung River
The Chemung River (/ʃəˈmʌŋ/ shə-MUNG) is a tributary of the Susquehanna River, approximately 46.4 miles (74.7 km) long, in south central New York and northern Pennsylvania in the United States. It drains a mountainous region of the northern Allegheny Plateau in the Southern Tier of New York. The valley of the river has long been an important manufacturing center in the region but has suffered a decline in the late 20th century.
Thanaleng railway station
Thanaleng station, also known as Dongphosy station (Ban Dong Phosy in Lao), is a freight railway station in Dongphosy village, Hadxayfong district, Vientiane Prefecture, Laos. It is 20 km (12 mi) east of the Lao capital city of Vientiane and 4 km (2.5 mi) north of the Lao-Thai border on the Mekong River. The station opened for cross-border passenger services from Thailand on 5 March 2009, becoming part of the first international railway link serving Laos.

All passenger services were shifted to Khamsavath railway station in 2024. Thanaleng station now operates as a rail freight terminal with the intention of providing low-cost alternative to road freight, the main mode of transport for goods entering Thailand. The station provides a connection between Vientiane and the capital cities of three other ASEAN nations: Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore, and several major Southeast Asian ports.

Mekong
The Mekong or Mekong River (UK: /miːˈkɒŋ/ mee-KONG, US: /ˌmeɪˈkɔːŋ/ may-KAWNG) is a transboundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth-longest river and the third-longest in Asia with an estimated length of 4,909 km (3,050 mi) and a drainage area of 795,000 km2 (307,000 sq mi), discharging 475 km3 (114 cu mi) of water annually. From its headwaters in the Tibetan Plateau, the river runs through Southwest China (where it is officially called the Lancang River), Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and southern Vietnam. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult, though the river remains a major trade route between Tibet and Southeast Asia. The construction of hydroelectric dams along the Mekong in the 2000s through the 2020s has caused serious problems for the river's ecosystem, including the exacerbation of drought.
Upuan
"Upuan" (lit. 'Chair') is the first single of Filipino rapper Gloc-9, from his fourth album Matrikula. The song features Jeazell Grutas, vocalist of the band Zelle. Written by Aristotle Pollisco, the track employs the metaphor of an "upuan" (transl. chair) to symbolize the comfort of those in power, while ordinary people suffer in poverty. It was also associated with "Baha sa Luneta" (lit. 'Flood in Luneta') and "Trillion Peso March" protests held nationwide in September 2025.

The song resurged on social media 16 years after its release amid controversy over multibillion-peso ghost flood control projects. Following its repopularity, the track entered at two Billboard Philippines charts, debuting at number 23 and number 40 on the Top Philippine Songs and Philippines Hot 100 respectively.

Flood control projects scandal in the Philippines
Since 2024, a series of allegations of corruption, mismanagement, and irregularities in government-funded flood management projects have been occurring in the Philippines under the administration of President Bongbong Marcos. The controversy centers on billions of pesos allocated for flood management initiatives, reports of "ghost" projects, substandard construction, and the alleged cornering of contracts by a small group of favored contractors. In response, a series of protests against alleged corruption began.
Çun Mula
Çun Mula[a] (c. 1818–1896) was the bajraktar ("flag-bearer") of the Hoti tribe (today divided between Montenegro and Albania) and an Albanian freedom fighter. His family, the Lucgjonaj, descended from the Junçaj family of Hoti. According to the Code of Lekë Dukagjini, Çun Mula's family was put in charge of the Malësia tribes, leading them bravely and faithfully in the many wars against Montenegrin and Ottoman forces.

Malësia
Malësia e Madhe ("Great Highlands"), known simply as Malësia (Albanian: Malësia, Montenegrin: Malesija / Малесија), is a historical and ethnographic region in northern Albania and eastern central Montenegro corresponding to the highlands of the geographical subdivision of the Malësi e Madhe District in Albania and Tuzi Municipality in Montenegro. The largest settlement in the area is the town of Tuzi.
Mycobacterium farcinogenes
Mycobacterium farcinogenes is a species of the phylum Actinomycetota (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus Mycobacterium.

Although slow-growing, it is similar to fast-growing species, and is usually classified with them.

Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium is a genus of over 190 species of  Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota, assigned its own family, Mycobacteriaceae. This genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and leprosy (M. leprae) in humans. The Greek prefix myco- means 'fungus', alluding to this genus's mold-like colony surfaces. Since this genus has cell walls with a waxy lipid-rich outer layer containing high concentrations of mycolic acid, acid-fast staining is used to emphasize their resistance to acids, compared to other cell types.

Mycobacterial species are generally aerobic, non-motile, and capable of growing with minimal nutrition. The genus is divided based on each species's pigment production and growth rate. While most Mycobacterium species are non-pathogenic, the genus's characteristic complex cell wall contributes to evasion from host defenses.
Ken Kowalski
Kenneth Reginald Kowalski ECA (born September 27, 1945) is a politician and former teacher from Alberta, Canada. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, where he served from 1979 to 2012, sitting with the governing Progressive Conservative caucus under five different Premiers.

Kowalski was the Speaker of the Assembly, and was first appointed to the Executive Council of Alberta by Premier Don Getty in 1986.  He held five different cabinet portfolios, including that of Deputy Premier from 1992 to 1994.

Executive Council of Alberta
The Executive Council of Alberta (the Cabinet) is a body of ministers of the Crown in right of Alberta, who along with the lieutenant governor, exercises the powers of the Government of Alberta. Ministers are selected by the premier and typically (but not always) sit as a member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). It is the provincial equivalent to the federal Cabinet of Canada.
Alton Square Mall
Alton Square Mall is a  634,181 square feet (58,917.3 m2) shopping mall located in Alton, Illinois. Its anchors are JCPenney and an 8-screen NCG Cinemas, which is located in a converted  Sears anchor store. A third anchor store, formerly Macy's, was demolished in 2017.

NCG Cinemas
NCG Cinemas (short for Neighborhood Cinema Group) is a movie theater chain headquartered in Owosso, Michigan and are owned and operated by the Geiger family.  The chain consists at present of 25 theaters with 147 screens.  Most of the theaters are located in Michigan with 10 locations, especially in the Flint/Tri-Cities region and the Greater Lansing area. The group also operates in Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, New York, North and South Carolina and Tennessee.
2025 Wales rugby union tour of Japan
The Wales national rugby union team toured Japan in July 2025, as part of the 2025 mid-year rugby union tests. The first test against the Japan national team took place at the Mikuni World Stadium Kitakyushu on 5 July, followed by the second test at the Noevir Stadium Kobe a week later.

It was Wales' third tour to Japan and their first since 2013, having cancelled a tour to Japan and New Zealand in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. That 2013 tour saw Japan record their only win over Wales in 14 previous meetings, including ten tests. The most recent meeting finished in a 33–30 win for Wales in Cardiff in November 2016. Before the series, a Japan XV played a match against the Māori All Blacks. Cardiff Rugby head coach Matt Sherratt was named as coach for the tour, resuming the role he filled for the last three games of the 2025 Six Nations Championship, following the resignation of Warren Gatland.

2025 mid-year rugby union tests
The 2025 mid-year rugby union internationals (also known as the Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere) were international rugby union matches that were played (mostly) in the Southern Hemisphere during the July rugby international window. The international window saw the return of many prominent tours replayed again from four years prior such as the Argentina–England test series and the British & Irish Lions tour of Australia.

The 2025 mid-year rugby union tests were notable for being the last mid-year break before the introduction of the Nations Championship competition.
George T. Smith
George Thornewell Smith (October 15, 1916 – August 23, 2010) was an American Democratic Party politician and jurist from the state of Georgia. The sixth Lieutenant Governor, state legislator, Speaker of the State House of Representatives, was the only person in Georgia to win contested elections in all three branches of state government – legislative, executive, and judicial.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
Electric toothbrush
An electric toothbrush is a toothbrush which automatically creates rapid bristle movements using oscillation motions to imitate hand brushing.

Electric toothbrushes can be classified according to the frequency of their movements as power, sonic, or ultrasonic toothbrushes, depending on whether they make movements below, in, or above the audible range, respectively.

An electric motor is used to produce motions at sonic speeds or below. A piezoelectric crystal is used for ultrasonic motions in ultrasonic toothbrushes. Later model electric toothbrushes are typically using an alternating current (AC) power cord to deliver power to a charging base that charges a direct current (DC) rechargeable battery using inductive charging technology, or it's a standalone unit powered by insertable standard size batteries like AA or AAA.

Many later models incorporate features like timers, pressure sensors with multiple cleaning modes, WiFi and Bluetooth.

Ultrasound
Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz. This frequency is the approximate upper audible limit of human hearing in healthy young adults. The physical principles of acoustic waves apply to any frequency range, including ultrasound. Ultrasonic devices operate with frequencies from 20 kHz up to several gigahertz.

Ultrasound is used in many different fields. Ultrasonic devices are used to detect objects and measure distances. Ultrasound imaging or sonography is often used in medicine. In the nondestructive testing of products and structures, ultrasound is used to detect invisible flaws. Industrially, ultrasound is used for cleaning, mixing, and accelerating chemical processes. Animals such as bats and porpoises use ultrasound for locating prey and obstacles.
Equestrian statue of George Washington (Morristown, New Jersey)
George Washington is an outdoor equestrian statue by the American sculptor Frederick Roth located near the Ford Mansion, Washington's Headquarters, in Morristown, New Jersey, United States. It was commissioned by philanthropist E. Mabel Clark to commemorate General George Washington's importance to the history of the city. The bronze sculpture was dedicated on October 19, 1928, the anniversary of the surrender of British General Charles Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781.

Ford Mansion
The Ford Mansion, also known as Washington's Headquarters, is a classic 18th-century American home located at 30 Washington Place in Morristown, New Jersey that served as General George Washington's headquarters from December 1779 to June 1780 during the American Revolutionary War.

The house was built in Georgian architectural style in 1774 by Jacob Ford Jr. It is now owned by the National Park Service. It was acquired by the Washington Association of New Jersey in 1873. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966 as part of the Morristown National Historical Park.
What Are the Odds
What Are the Odds is a 2019 Indian Hinglish drama film directed by Megha Ramaswamy. Starring Abhay Deol, Yashaswini Dayama and Karanvir Malhotra, the film tells the story of two unintentional teenage friends who end up spending an entire day together.

The film premiered at the closing night gala for the Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles in 2019, and was released on Netflix on 20 May 2020.

Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles
The Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles (IFFLA) is an annual film festival held in Los Angeles, California. Established by Christina Marouda in 2003, as a nonprofit organization devoted to paving the way for a greater appreciation of Indian cinema and diverse culture by providing the public with a selection of films from and about the Indian diaspora by Indian and international filmmakers.

It features, documentaries and shorts  and presents Grand Jury and Audience Choice awards in the following categories: Best Feature, Best Documentary, and Best Short. The IFFLA's Cinematic Scoring Achievement Award is given to composers, honoring film scores. In 2022, the festival is completing 20 years of existence.
Moussa Marega
Moussa Marega (born 14 April 1991) is a professional footballer who plays as a second striker for Saudi Arabian club Al-Diriyah. Born in France, he plays for the Mali national team.

He began his career in France, playing no higher than the Championnat National. After one year with Espérance in Tunisia, he moved to Marítimo of the Primeira Liga in 2015. Shortly afterwards, he signed for Porto. After spending 2016–17 on loan at Vitória de Guimarães, he became a regular in the Porto side and won two league titles in four years. In 2021, he signed with Saudi Arabian club Al Hilal, where he won the AFC Champions League in his first year.

Marega made his international debut for Mali in 2015, and was part of their squad at the Africa Cup of Nations in 2017 and 2019.

2016–17 Primeira Liga
The 2016–17 Primeira Liga (also known as Liga NOS for sponsorship reasons) was the 83rd season of the Primeira Liga, the top Portuguese professional league for association football clubs.

Benfica successfully defended their title, winning the league for a fourth consecutive season and record 36th time.
Ed Pinkham (American football)
Ed Pinkham (born September 6, 1953) is an American college football coach who was most recently the defensive pass game coordinator for the Arkansas State Red Wolves. He is a former American college football player for the Allegheny Gators and a native of Clark, New Jersey.

Allegheny College
Allegheny College is a private liberal arts college in Meadville, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1815, Allegheny is the oldest college in continuous existence under the same name west of the Allegheny Mountains. It is a member of the Great Lakes Colleges Association and the Presidents' Athletic Conference and it is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
2027 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification Group H
Group H of the 2027 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition consists of five teams: Ukraine, Croatia, Hungary, Turkey,  and Lithuania. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 6 February 2025 at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

2027 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification
The 2027 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition is a men's under-21 football competition to determine the 14 teams that would be joining the automatically qualified co-hosts Albania and Serbia in the 2027 UEFA European Under-21 Championship final tournament.

51 UEFA member national teams will enter the qualifying competition. Players born on or after 1 January 2004 are eligible to participate.

Two teams are not taking part in this tournament: Russia was suspended on 28 February 2022 by FIFA and UEFA from all competitions due to its invasion of Ukraine, while the Liechtenstein team has been temporarily dissolved based on a decision announced on 5 October 2022.
1992 Stanley Cup Final
The 1992 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1991–92 season, and the culmination of the 1992 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested by the Prince of Wales Conference and defending Stanley Cup champion Pittsburgh Penguins and the Clarence Campbell Conference champion Chicago Blackhawks. The Blackhawks were appearing in their first Final since 1973. After the Blackhawks jumped to an early 4–1 lead in the first game of the series, Mario Lemieux and the Penguins came back to win the game, sweep the series in four games, and win their second consecutive and second overall Stanley Cup. The fourth and final game of this series was the first time a Stanley Cup playoff game was played in the month of June and at the time it was the latest finishing date for an NHL season. This was also the last Final to be played at Chicago Stadium as it closed in 1994.

1991–92 NHL season
The 1991–92 NHL season was the 75th regular season of the National Hockey League. The league expanded to 22 teams with the addition of the expansion San Jose Sharks. A ten-day players' strike was called in April, delaying the final weeks of the regular season and the playoffs, and pushing the Stanley Cup Finals into June for the first time. The Pittsburgh Penguins repeated as Stanley Cup champions, winning the best of seven series four games to none against the Chicago Blackhawks.
Kawainui Marsh
Kawainui Fishpond or Kawainui Marsh is a wetland and resurfacing fishpond in Kailua, Hawaiʻi. It is the largest remaining wetland and the largest ancient freshwater fishpond in Hawaiʻi, and a designated Ramsar Convention wetland.

Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971.

Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (site designations, resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. In 2022, COP15 was held in Montreal, Canada.