hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peopling of China
In the course of the peopling of the World by Homo sapiens, East Asia was reached about 50,000 years ago (50 kya). The "recent African origin" lineage from 70 kya diverged into identifiable East Eurasian and West Eurasian lineages by about 50 kya. The East Eurasian ancestors of East Asians used a southern route to reach South and Southeast Asia, along which they rapidly diverged into the ancestors of Ancient Ancestral South Indians (AASI), Papuans, East Asians and Andamanese peoples (such as the Onge). This early East Asian lineage diverged further during the Last Glacial Maximum, spreading northwards from Mainland Southeast Asia where it significantly contributed to the peopling of the Americas via Beringia about 25 kya. After the last ice age, China was cut off from neighboring island groups. The phenotypes of early East Asians were either replaced or prevailed among more geographically distant groups.

Ancient East Eurasians
The term Ancient East Eurasian, alternatively also known as East Eurasian or Eastern Eurasian, is used in population genomics to describe the genetic ancestry and phylogenetic relationship of diverse populations primarily living in the Asia-Pacific region, belonging to the "Eastern Eurasian clade" of human genetic diversity, and which can be associated with the Initial Upper Paleolithic (IUP) wave, following the Out of Africa migration at least 60,000 years ago.
Leo Dalmao
Leo Magdugo Dalmao, CMF (born December 1, 1969) is a Filipino bishop of the Roman Catholic Church, currently serving as the bishop-prelate of the Prelature of Isabela in Basilan, Philippines. He was appointed as bishop by Pope Francis on March 25, 2019.

Claretians
The Claretians, officially named the Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Latin: Congregatio Missionariorum Filiorum Immaculati Cordis Beatae Mariae Virginis; abbreviated CMF), is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men headquartered in Rome. It was founded on July 16, 1849, by Fr. Antonio María Claret y Clará, C.M.F. They are active as  missionaries worldwide, in 70 countries on five continents. The number of Claretian priests and brothers is at more than 3,000. The Congregation has a particular devotion to the Immaculate Heart of Mary and members have published extensively in Mariology.
Kenneth Evans (bishop of Dorking)
Kenneth Dawson Evans (7 November 1915 – 29 June 2007) was the second suffragan bishop of Dorking in Guildford, Surrey, England.

Evans was educated at Dulwich College and Clare College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1938, he began his career with a curacy at St Mary Northampton and was then rector of Ockley before beginning a long ecclesiastical association with the Dorking area. From 1949, he was initially vicar, then archdeacon before ascending to the episcopate – a post he held from 1968 until 1986. In retirement, he continued to minister as an assistant bishop within the Guildford Diocese.

Diocese of Guildford
The Diocese of Guildford is a Church of England diocese covering eight and half of the eleven districts in Surrey, much of north-east Hampshire and a parish in Greater London. The cathedral is Guildford Cathedral and the bishop is the Bishop of Guildford. Of the two provinces of the church, it is in the Province of Canterbury.
Anna Vernikov
Anna Vernikov (Hebrew: אנה ורניקוב; born July 15, 2002) is an American-Israeli pair skater. With her former skating partner, Evgeni Krasnopolski, she is the 2020 Israeli national champion and competed in the final segment at the 2020 European Championships.

Israeli Figure Skating Championships
The Israeli Figure Skating Championships are an annual figure skating competition organized by the Israel Ice Skating Federation to crown the national champions of Israel. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice levels, although not every discipline may be held every year due to a lack of participants.
François Bustillo
François-Xavier Bustillo OFM Conv. (born 23 November 1968), known as François Bustillo, is a Spanish-born French Catholic prelate who has served as Bishop of Ajaccio since 2021. He is a member of the Conventual Franciscans and has spent his priesthood in France. Pope Francis made him a cardinal on 30 September 2023.

Order of Friars Minor Conventual
The Order of Friars Minor Conventual (O.F.M. Conv.) is a male religious fraternity in the Catholic Church and a branch of the Franciscan Order.  Conventual Franciscan Friars are identified by the affix O.F.M. Conv. after their names. They are also known as Conventual Franciscans or Minorites.

The Conventual Franciscan Friars have worldwide provinces that date to the 13th century. They dress in black or grey habits with white cords. Many friars engage in such ministries as teaching, parish ministry and service to the poor.
Gabrielle (Xena: Warrior Princess)
Gabrielle is a fictional character played by Renee O'Connor in the American fantasy TV series Xena: Warrior Princess (1995–2001). She is referred to by fans as the Battling Bard of Potidaea. Her trademark weapons are the Amazon fighting staff and later, the sais. She was also an Amazon Princess and later an Amazon Queen. The character's development and progression is a story that spans the entire show's run, with her first appearance in "Sins of the Past" seeing her as a naive farm girl, and the final episode, "A Friend In Need (Part 2)", seeing her as a fully formed but rational warrior, set to follow in Xena's footsteps.

The dwarf planet Eris and its moon Dysnomia had the interim names "Xena" and "Gabrielle" until they were officially named. She was listed in AfterEllen.com's Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters.

Sai (weapon)
The sai (Japanese: 釵, lit. 'hairpin'; Chinese: 鐵尺, lit. 'iron ruler', or Sau cha 手叉 lit. 'hand-fork' in Cantonese) is a pointed melee weapon from Okinawa. It was historically utilized in martial arts such as Okinawan kobudō and southern Chinese martial arts, and has been absorbed into the curriculum of many modern martial arts. Although similar weapons can be found in other parts of Asia, the sai is the Okinawan take on the basic concept and should not be confused with the other weapons. The sai is primarily used for stabbing, striking, parrying and disarming opponents. It consists of a pointed metal main prong, that projects from a one-handed handle, two shorter metal side prongs, which project from the opposite sides of the base of the main prong and point in the same direction as it, and a blunt metal pommel fixed to the bottom end of the handle. The sai came to international attention when Okinawan kobudō and karate reached international popularity in the mid-20th century.
Henry Ryder
Henry Dudley Ryder (21 July 1777 – 31 March 1836) was a prominent English evangelical Anglican bishop in the early years of the nineteenth century, most notably as Bishop of Lichfield. He was the first evangelical to be raised to the Anglican episcopate.

Bishop of Lichfield
The Bishop of Lichfield is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Lichfield in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese covers 4,516 km2 (1,744 sq. mi.) of the counties of Powys, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire and West Midlands. The bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Chad in the city of Lichfield. The Bishop's residence is the Bishop's House, Lichfield, in the cathedral close. In the past, the title has had various forms (see below). The current bishop is Michael Ipgrave, following the confirmation of his election on 10 June 2016.
A Gnome Named Gnorm
A Gnome Named Gnorm (released in some markets as Upworld and The Adventures of a Gnome Named Gnorm) is a fantasy buddy comedy film directed by Stan Winston and written by Pen Densham and John Watson. Gnorm was the second and final feature film directed by Winston, a celebrated special effects artist who continued to work in special effects afterward.

The film stars Anthony Michael Hall, Jerry Orbach, and Claudia Christian. Hall plays a Los Angeles police detective who teams up with a gnome to solve a murder.

Vestron Video released Gnorm direct-to-video in the United Kingdom in 1990, but financial difficulties caused the film to change corporate hands several times before seeing a limited United States theatrical release in 1993 and a wide home video release in 1994. The film received generally negative reviews, with criticism focused on its heavy use of crude sexual humor.

Pen Densham
Pen Densham (born 14 October 1947) is a British-Canadian film and television producer, writer, and director, known for writing and producing films such as Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves and television revivals of The Outer Limits and The Twilight Zone, as well as writing, producing and directing MGM's Moll Flanders.
Danbury and Norwalk Railroad
The Danbury and Norwalk Railroad, chartered in 1836 as the Fairfield County Railroad, was an independent American railroad that operated between the cities of Danbury and Norwalk, Connecticut from 1852 until its absorption by the Housatonic Railroad in 1886. The right of way established by the D&N continues in operation and is now the Danbury Branch of the New Haven Line of the Metro-North Railroad.

Norwalk, Connecticut
Norwalk is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The city, part of the New York Metropolitan Area, is the sixth-most populous city in Connecticut as of the 2020 census, with a population of 91,184.

Norwalk is on the northern shore of Long Island Sound and was first settled in 1649.
Punjab Mail
The 12137 / 12138 Punjab Mail is a Mail train of Indian Railways – Central Railway zone  that runs between Mumbai and Ferozpur in India. It operates as train number 12137 from Mumbai CST to Ferozpur and as train number 12138 in the reverse direction.

Firozpur
Firozpur, (pronunciation: [fɪroːzpʊr])  also known as Ferozepur, is a city on the banks of the Sutlej River in the Firozpur District of Punjab, India. After the Partition of India in 1947, it became a border town on the India–Pakistan border with memorials to soldiers who died fighting for India. The nearby Firozpur Cantonment is a major cantonment of the country.
Denis Cheryshev
Denis Dmitriyevich Cheryshev (Russian: Денис Дмитриевич Черышев, IPA: [dʲɪˈnʲis ˈdmʲitrʲɪjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈtɕerɨʂɨf]; born 26 December 1990) is a Russian professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Cypriot First Division club Krasava ENY Ypsonas.

A youth product of Real Madrid, he made his debut for the reserves in 2009 and with the first team in 2012. He then had loan spells at Sevilla, Villarreal and Valencia before joining Villarreal permanently in 2016, and returned to Valencia on loan two years later. In June 2019, he signed permanently for the latter.

Having earned 45 caps and scored 23 goals in its youth categories, Cheryshev made his debut for Russia in 2012. He was a participant at the 2018 World Cup, scoring four goals as the team reached the quarter-finals with him as one of the tournament's top scorers, and Euro 2020.

Real Madrid Castilla
Real Madrid Castilla Club de Fútbol or Real Madrid B is a Spanish football team that plays in Primera Federación – Group 1. It is Real Madrid's reserve team. They play their home games at the Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium with a capacity of 6,000 seats.

Reserve teams in Spain play in the same league system as their senior team rather than a separate league. Reserve teams, however, cannot play in the same division as their senior team. Therefore, Real Madrid Castilla are ineligible for promotion to the La Liga as long as Real Madrid plays there. Consequently, they must play at least one level below their main side and they are not eligible to play in the Copa del Rey. In addition, only under-23 players, or under-25 players with a professional contract, can switch between senior and reserve teams.
Sjamsuridjal
Raden Sjamsuridjal (11 October 1903 – 29 December 1964), sometimes written Syamsurizal, was an Indonesian politician who served as the Mayor of Jakarta between 1951 and 1953. Before becoming Jakarta's mayor, he had been mayor of Bandung and Solo.

Governor of Jakarta
The Special Region of Jakarta is administratively equal to a province with special status as the largest city of Indonesia. Instead of a mayor, the executive head of Jakarta is a governor. The Governor of Jakarta is an elected politician who, along with the vice governor and 106 members of the Jakarta Regional House of Representatives (DPRD), is accountable for the strategic government of the city of Jakarta.
7th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
The 7th Guards Motor Rifle "Chistyakov" Brigade (Russian: 7-я отдельная гвардейская мотострелковая Чистяковская бригада, 7 oмсбр; MUN 08807) is a military unit of Russian Ground Forces. Until January 1, 2023, it was part of the Luhansk People's Militia. It is attached to the 3rd Guards Combined Arms Army.

Chystiakove
Chystiakove (Ukrainian: Чистякове, IPA: [tʃɪsʲtʲɐˈkɔwe] ⓘ; Russian: Чистяково), formerly Torez (Ukrainian and Russian: Торез) until 2016, is a city in Donetsk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine. The city is a center of the regional coal industry and much of its economy relies on mining, despite a recent drop in the number of employed miners. The city has a population of 53,462 (2022 estimate).

Founded in 1778, the city was named Chystiakove in 1868. It was renamed Torez in 1964 in honor of Maurice Thorez, a leader of the French Communist Party. In 2016, the Ukrainian parliament restored the name Chystiakove due to decommunization laws.

Pro-Russian separatists took control of Chystiakove in June 2014.
Dalet
Dalet (dāleth, also spelled Daleth or Daled) is the fourth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician dālt 𐤃, Hebrew dālet ד‎, Aramaic dālaṯ 𐡃, Syriac dālaṯ ܕ, and Arabic dāl د‎ (in abjadi order; 8th in modern order). Its sound value is the voiced alveolar plosive ([d]). It is also related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪕‎‎, South Arabian 𐩵, and Ge'ez ደ.

The letter is based on a glyph of the Proto-Sinaitic script, probably called dalt 'door' (door in Modern Hebrew is delet), ultimately based on a hieroglyph depicting a door:

Voiced dental and alveolar plosives
Voiced alveolar and dental plosives (or stops) are a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. The alveolar is familiar to English-speakers as the "d" sound in "adore".

The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar plosives is ⟨d⟩; the diacritic in ⟨d̪⟩ can be used to distinguish the dental.

There are only a few languages that distinguish dental and alveolar stops (or often more precisely laminal and apical alveolar stops), among them Kota, Toda, Venda and some Irish dialects.
Frank E. Panzer
Frank Edward Panzer (September 1, 1890 – August 26, 1969) was an American farmer, teacher, and Progressive Republican politician.  He served 30 years in the Wisconsin State Senate, representing Dodge County, and was president pro tempore from 1947 through 1966.

Wisconsin Progressive Party
The Wisconsin Progressive Party (1934–1946) was a political third party that briefly held a major role in Wisconsin politics under the two sons of the late Robert M. La Follette. It was on the political left wing, and it sometimes cooperated with the New Deal.
Mantidactylus
Mantidactylus is a frog genus in the mantellid subfamily Mantellinae. This genus is restricted to Madagascar. The genus is divided into several subgenera that form monophyletic genetic clusters and are ecologically similar.

Mantidactylus guttulatus
Mantidactylus guttulatus is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae. It is endemic to Madagascar.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.
Phat Kongrum
Phat Kongrum (Thai: พัด คงรัมย์, IPA: [pʰát kʰōŋrām]; born 7 September 1959), known professionally as Samingnoom Sithiboontham (สมิงหนุ่ม สิทธิบุญธรรม, pronounced [sāmīŋnùm sìttʰībūntʰām]), is a retired Thai Muay Thai fighter and amateur boxer. He is a former two-division Rajadamnern Stadium champion and competed in amateur boxing at Lightweight in the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Rajadamnern Stadium
Rajadamnern Stadium (Thai: สนามมวยราชดำเนิน, RTGS: Sanam Muai Ratchadamnoen, IPA: [sànǎːm mūaj râːtt͡ɕʰàdāmnɤ̄ːn]) is a sporting arena in Bangkok, Thailand. Along with Lumpinee Boxing Stadium, Rajadamnern is one of the two main stadiums for modern Muay Thai. It hosts fights everyday from Monday to Sunday. The stadium has its own ranking system and championship titles up to middleweight (160 lbs).
Yan England
Yan England-Girard (born 9 December 1981) is a Canadian actor, television and radio presenter, screenwriter, film producer and director of short films. From the age of eight, he was known for his role of Einstein in the youth program Watatatow during 13 years.

His short film Henry was nominated for an Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards ceremony in the "Best Live Action Short Film" category. 1:54 is his debut long feature film.

Radio personality
A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host (North American English), radio presenter (British English) or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or "DJs" for short. Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and satellite radio program hosts, and non-host contributors to radio programs, such as reporter
RM Williams Way
RM Williams Way (route B80) is a road through the Yorke and Mid North region of South Australia connecting Clare in the south through Spalding, Jamestown and Orroroo to Hawker in the Flinders Ranges. The road was named after R. M. Williams who had a strong association with the countryside through which it runs.

Spalding, South Australia
Spalding is a town located north of the Clare Valley in South Australia, Australia. At the 2016 census, Spalding had a population of 215.

It is mainly a farming community and also is home to a slate quarry.

Services in the town include a supermarket, hotel, school, gun supplies store, roadhouse, Country Fire Service station, South Australian State Emergency Service (SES) unit, dedicated post office and police station.

Spalding is presumed to be named after the market town of Spalding, Lincolnshire in the UK.
Sallie Jackson
Sallie Ann Jackson (born 21 February 1966) is a former footballer who played as a centre back. She won 6 caps for the England Women's national team and was the 66th women capped by England, receiving her legacy number in 2022. She won the Women's FA Cup four times with four different clubs during the 1980s before going to play in Italy.

Women's FA Cup
The Women's FA Challenge Cup is the top annual cup tournament for women's clubs in English football. Founded in 1970, it has been named the WFA Cup, FA Women's Cup, and now Women's FA Cup (currently known as the Adobe Women's FA Cup for sponsorship reasons).

Designed as an equivalent to the FA Cup in men's football, the competition began in 1970–71 as the Mitre Challenge Trophy, organised by the Women's Football Association (WFA). There were 71 entrants, including teams from Scotland and Wales.

The WFA ran the competition for the first 23 editions, during which time Southampton won the cup eight times. The Football Association (FA) began administering English women's football in mid-1993.

Arsenal holds the record for most titles overall, having won fourteen times. The current cup holders are Chelsea, who defeated Manchester United 3–0 in the 2025 final to win their sixth FA Cup title.
Maltese alphabet
The Maltese alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet with the addition of some letters with diacritic marks and digraphs. It is used to write the Maltese language, which evolved from the otherwise extinct Siculo-Arabic dialect, as a result of 800 years of independent development. It contains 30 letters: 24 consonants and 6 vowels (a, e, i, o, u, ie).

There are two types of Maltese consonants:

Konsonanti xemxin (sun consonants): ċ d n r s t x ż z

Konsonanti qamrin (moon consonants): b f ġ g għ h ħ j k l m p q v w

Sun and moon letters
In Arabic and Maltese, all consonants are classified into two distinct groups known as sun letters (Arabic: حروف شمسية ḥurūf shamsiyyah, Maltese: konsonanti xemxin) and moon letters (Arabic: حروف قمرية ḥurūf qamariyyah, Maltese: konsonanti qamrin).

This distinction affects the way the definite article (equivalent to "the" in English) is assimilated or pronounced before consonants: when a word begins with a sun letter, the definite article assimilates with the initial consonant of the word.

The names stem from how the definite article interacts with the nouns "Sun" and "Moon" in Arabic (and Maltese). In Arabic, al-shams (“the Sun”) becomes ash-shams (assimilating the lām), while al-qamar (“the Moon”) remains unchanged. Similarly, in Maltese, "the Sun" is ix-xemx (with assimilation), while "the Moon" is il-qamar (without assimilation).
Sheila Begbie
Sheila Margaret Begbie MBE (born 1957) is a Scottish former footballer and sports administrator who was Director of Domestic Rugby at the Scottish Rugby Union (SRU) until 2021. She played as a central defender for Edinburgh Dynamos and the Scotland women's national team, making 25 international appearances after debuting for Scotland aged 15. She later entered football administration, spending sixteen years as head of Girls' and Women's Football at the Scottish Football Association (SFA) before switching to rugby union with the SRU in 2014.

Scotland women's national football team
The Scotland women's national football team represents Scotland in international women's football competitions. Since 1998, the team has been governed by the Scottish Football Association (SFA). Scotland qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup for the first time in 2019, and for their first UEFA Women's Championship in 2017. As of June 2025, the team was placed 24th in the FIFA Women's World Rankings, their highest ranking being 19th in March 2014 and September 2018 respectively.

Although most national football teams represent a sovereign state, as a member of the United Kingdom's Home Nations, Scotland is permitted by FIFA statutes to maintain its own national side that competes in all major tournaments, with the exception of the Women's Olympic Football Tournament. Scotland is scheduled to co–host the 2035 FIFA Women's World Cup and gained automatic qualification to the tournament as a result being co–hosts.
2002 Africa Cup
The 2002 Africa Cup (officially called "Africa Top Six" at the time) was the third edition of the Africa Cup, the highest level rugby union tournament in Africa. The tournament also served as the final round of African qualification for 2003 Rugby World Cup.

Six teams participated. The teams were divided in two pools, north and south, with a final between the winner of each pool.

A second division was also played.

Rugby Africa Cup
The Rugby Africa Cup is a two-year men's rugby union tournament involving the top 16 African nations based on their World Rugby rankings, it is organised by Rugby Africa. The tournament was first held in 2000. It was renamed the Rugby Africa Cup in November 2019, it was previously called the Africa Cup since 2006, the CAR Top 9 and CAR Top 10.

Due to South Africa being far stronger than any other African nation, South African teams have only competed five times, and won the competition three times. The winning South African teams on these occasions were the under 23 or amateur players (in 2000, 2001 and 2006).