hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Permanent Secretary to the Admiralty
The Permanent Secretary of the Admiralty was the permanent secretary at the Admiralty, the department of state in Great Britain and subsequently the United Kingdom responsible for the administration of the Royal Navy. He was head of the Admiralty Secretariat, later known as the Department of the Permanent Secretary.  Although he was not a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, he was as a member of the Board, and did attend all meetings. The post existed from 1702 to 1964.

Permanent secretary
A permanent secretary is the most senior civil servant of a department or ministry charged with running the department or ministry's day-to-day activities. Permanent secretaries are the non-political civil service chief executives of government departments or ministries, who generally hold their position for a number of years (thus "permanent") at a ministry as distinct from the changing political secretaries of state to whom they report and provide advice. The role originated in the civil service of the United Kingdom and has been adopted in several Commonwealth countries as well as other countries influenced by the Westminster system.
David Sambissa
David Sambissa (born 11 January 1996) is a professional footballer who plays as a left-back or winger for Süper Lig club İstanbulspor. Born in France, he played for the Republic of the Congo national team before switching to the Gabon national team.

Gabon national football team
The Gabon national football team (French: Équipe de football du Gabon)  represents Gabon in men's international football. The team's nickname is The Panthers and it is governed by the Gabonese Football Federation. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but have qualified nine times (as of 2025) for the Africa Cup of Nations. Gabon is a member of both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Zombie (computing)
In computing, a zombie is a computer connected to the Internet that has been compromised by a hacker via a computer virus, computer worm, or trojan horse program and can be used to  perform malicious tasks under the remote direction of the hacker. Zombie computers often coordinate together in a botnet controlled by the hacker, and are used for activities such as spreading e-mail spam and launching distributed denial-of-service attacks (DDoS attacks) against web servers.  Most victims are unaware that their computers have become zombies. The concept is similar to the zombie of Haitian Voodoo folklore, which refers to a corpse resurrected by a sorcerer via magic and enslaved to the sorcerer's commands, having no free will of its own. A coordinated DDoS attack by multiple botnet machines also resembles a "zombie horde attack", as depicted in fictional zombie films.

Trojan horse (computing)
In computing, a trojan horse (or simply trojan; often capitalized, but see below) is a kind of malware that misleads users as to its true intent by disguising itself as a normal program.

Trojans are generally spread by some form of social engineering. For example, a user may be duped into executing an email attachment disguised to appear innocuous (e.g., a routine form to be filled in), or into clicking on a fake advertisement on the Internet. Although their payload can be anything, many modern forms act as a backdoor, contacting a controller who can then have unauthorized access to the affected device. Ransomware attacks are often carried out using a trojan.

Unlike computer viruses and worms, trojans generally do not attempt to inject themselves into other files or otherwise propagate themselves.
Thalassodraco
Thalassodraco (meaning "sea dragon") is an extinct genus of ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian) Kimmeridge Clay Formation of England. The type species, T. etchesi, was named in 2020, with the epithet in honour of the discoverer of the holotype, Steve Etches.

Kimmeridge Clay
The Kimmeridge Clay is a sedimentary deposit of fossiliferous marine clay which is of Late Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous age and occurs in southern and eastern England and in the North Sea. This rock formation is the major source rock for North Sea oil. The fossil fauna of the Kimmeridge Clay includes turtles, crocodiles, sauropods, plesiosaurs, pliosaurs and ichthyosaurs, as well as a number of invertebrate species.
Vetimicrotes
Vetimicrotes is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in the Palaearctic realm. The genus was originally named Microtes by Theodor Becker in 1918. Afterwards, the name was found to be preoccupied by the grasshopper genus Microtes (Scudder, 1900), so it was renamed to Vetimicrotes by C. E. Dyte in 1980.

The genus was originally included in the subfamily Sympycninae, and it has since been placed either in the Dolichopodidae or Peloropeodinae. A cladistic analysis of Dolichopodinae by Scott E. Brooks in 2005 indicated that Vetimicrotes did not belong to it, though the systematic position of the genus within the family Dolichopodidae was still unclear.

Theodor Becker
Theodor Becker (23 June 1840 in Plön – 30 June 1928 in Liegnitz) was a Danish-born German civil engineer and entomologist primarily known for studies on the taxonomy of flies.

He worked with Paul Stein, Mario Bezzi, and Kálmán Kertész on Katalog der Paläarktischen dipteren published in Budapest from 1903.
Moldanubian Zone
The Moldanubian Zone is in the regional geology of Europe a tectonic zone formed during the Variscan or Hercynian Orogeny (400 to 300 million years ago, during the Devonian and Carboniferous periods). The Moldanubian Zone crops out in the Bohemian Massif and the southern part of the Black Forest and Vosges and contains the highest grade metamorphic rocks of Variscan age in Europe.

The Moldanubian Zone was introduced by German geologist Franz Kossmat in 1927. It has a generally higher grade of metamorphism than the Saxothuringian Zone to the northwest. The contact between the two is a thrust over which the Moldanubian Zone moved over the Saxothuringian Zone during the Variscan Orogeny. In the east the Moldanubian Zone is thrust over the Moravo-Silesian Zone, which is also generally lower grade.

Franz Kossmat
Franz Kossmat ( 22 August 1871 in Vienna – 1 December 1938 in Leipzig) was an Austrian-German geologist, for twenty years the director of the Geological Survey of Saxony under both the kingdom and the subsequent German Republic.

Kossmat was professor of Mineralogy and Geology at the Graz University of Technology. From 1913 to 1934 Kossmat was the director of the Geological Survey of Saxony and director of the Geological-Paleontological Institute of the University of Leipzig.  In 1920 he presented the first gravity measures for middle Europe. It was published in 1921. In his life he published over twenty books himself, and collaborated on numerous others. He is most known for his work on isostasy, his opposition to Wegener's theories of continental drift, and for establishing a division of the European Variscides into several tectonic zones.
Rizwan Asif
Muhammad Rizwan Asif (born 8 January 1990) is a Pakistani former footballer who played as a winger for the Pakistan under-23 team and the senior national team.

He was praised for his dribbling, tracking and passing skills. Asif won five league titles and five National Challenge Cup with KRL.

Khan Research Laboratories FC
Khan Research Laboratories Football Club, abbreviated as KRL, serves as the football section of Khan Research Laboratories. Based in Rawalpindi, the club plays their home games at KRL Stadium. The club used to compete in the National Football Championship and Pakistan Premier League. The club regularly participates in the National Football Challenge Cup.

The club has won five Pakistan Premier League titles and six National Football Challenge Cups. With these eleven trophies, they are the most successful club in the country. They are the only Pakistani club to have reached a continental club final, the 2013 AFC President's Cup, where they lost 1–0 to Balkan FK.
Jaroensak Kiatnakornchon
Somphop Kamnil (Thai: สมภพ คำนิล; born May 6, 1968 – 2001), known professionally as Jaroensak Kiatnakornchon (Thai: เจริญศักดิ์ เกียรตินครชล), was a Thai former professional Muay Thai fighter. He was a Lumpinee Stadium and Rajadamnern Stadium champion at Bantamweight who was active during the 1980s and 1990s.

Rajadamnern Stadium
Rajadamnern Stadium (Thai: สนามมวยราชดำเนิน, RTGS: Sanam Muai Ratchadamnoen, IPA: [sànǎːm mūaj râːtt͡ɕʰàdāmnɤ̄ːn]) is a sporting arena in Bangkok, Thailand. Along with Lumpinee Boxing Stadium, Rajadamnern is one of the two main stadiums for modern Muay Thai. It hosts fights everyday from Monday to Sunday. The stadium has its own ranking system and championship titles up to middleweight (160 lbs).
Lankford Smith
Lankford Daniel Smith (21 December 1914 – 1 November 1978) was an association football player who represented New Zealand at international level. He was also an accomplished cricketer, playing first-class cricket for Otago from 1935 to 1957.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Kalen DeLoach
Kalen DeLoach (born November 28, 2000) is an American professional football linebacker for the Dallas Renegades of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Florida State Seminoles.

Dallas Renegades
The Dallas Renegades are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The Renegades compete in the United Football League (UFL). The team was founded as the Dallas Renegades by Vince McMahon's Alpha Entertainment, before being renamed to the Arlington Renegades by current owners and operators by Alpha Acquico, controlled by actor Dwayne Johnson, and Fox Corporation. The name reverted to the Dallas Renegades ahead of the 2026 UFL season. The Renegades play their home games at Toyota Stadium, having previously played at Choctaw Stadium in Arlington.

In 2023, the Renegades had a regular season record of 4–6, yet they won both of their playoff games, and were crowned XFL Champions. They were part of the XFL/USFL merger in 2024.
First Dimitrov Government
The First Dimitrov Government was the sixty-fifth government of Bulgaria (first of the People's Republic of Bulgaria), elected by the 6th Great National Assembly of November 23, 1946. The government lasted until December 11, 1947, after which the second government of Georgi Dimitrov was elected. The cabinet, headed by Georgi Dimitrov, was composed of political figures of the Fatherland Front (Bulgaria), namely those from Political Circle "Zveno", Bulgarian Communist Party, BRSDP, Bulgarian Agrarian National Union and non-partisans.

Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria
In Bulgaria, a Grand National Assembly is a special meeting of the National Assembly which may be convened in order for matters of special jurisdiction.

The first Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria was conducted from 17 April to 26 June 1879. Its chairman was Anthim I.
EFF DES cracker
In cryptography, the EFF DES cracker (nicknamed "Deep Crack") is a machine built by the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) in 1998, to perform a brute force search of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher's key space – that is, to decrypt an encrypted message by trying every possible key. The aim in doing this was to prove that the key size of DES was not sufficient to be secure.

Detailed technical data of this machine, including block diagrams, circuit schematics, VHDL source code of the custom chips and its emulator, have all been published in the book Cracking DES. Its public domain license allows everyone to freely copy, use, or modify its design. To avoid the export regulation on cryptography by the US Government, the source code was distributed not in electronic form but as a hardcopy book, of which the open publication is protected by the First Amendment. Machine-readable metadata is provided to facilitate the transcription of the code into a computer via OCR by readers.

Electronic Frontier Foundation
The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is an American international non-profit digital rights group based in San Francisco, California. It was founded in 1990 to promote Internet civil liberties.

It provides funds for legal defense in court, presents amicus curiae briefs, defends individuals and new technologies from what it considers abusive legal threats, works to expose government malfeasance, provides guidance to the government and courts, organizes political action and mass mailings, supports some new technologies which it believes preserve personal freedoms and online civil liberties, maintains a database and web sites of related news and information, monitors and challenges potential legislation that it believes would infringe on personal liberties and fair use, and solicits a list of what it considers are abusive patents with intentions to defeat those that it considers are without merit.
Erich Brauer
Erich Brauer (28 June 1895, in Berlin – 9 May 1942, in Petah Tikvah) was a German Jewish illustrator, ethnographer, and ethnologist. As an artist he chose to be known as Erich Chiram Brauer. He often signed his art work "Chiram".

Shelomo Dov Goitein
Shelomo Dov Goitein (April 3, 1900 – February 6, 1985) was a German-Jewish ethnographer, historian and Arabist known for his research on Jewish life in the Islamic Middle Ages, and particularly on the Cairo Geniza.
Liam Casey
Liam Casey (born 1995) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who plays as a centre-forward for the Tipperary senior team.

Born in Cahir, County Tipperary, Casey first played competitive Gaelic football during his schooling at Rockwell College. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Tipperary minor team before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 2015 championship. Casey immediately became a regular member of the starting fifteen.

At club level Casey plays with Cahir

On 22 November 2020, Tipperary won the 2020 Munster Senior Football Championship after a 0-17 to 0-14 win against Cork in the final. It was Tipperary's first Munster title in 85 years.

2020 Munster Senior Football Championship
The 2020 Munster Senior Football Championship was the 2020 installment of the annual Munster Senior Football Championship organised by the Munster GAA. The fixtures were announced on RTÉ Radio on 8 October 2019. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gaelic games, all GAA activity was suspended until late in the year.

On 22 November 2020, Tipperary won the title after a 0-17 to 0-14 win against Cork in the final. It was Tipperary's first Munster title in 85 years.

To mark the centenary of Bloody Sunday, Tipperary wore special commemorative jerseys in white and green in the final, a replica of the colours worn by the Tipperary team which played Dublin in Croke Park in 1920.
Rumahis ibn Abd al-Aziz
Rumahis ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Kinani (Arabic: رماحس بن عبد العزيز الكناني, romanized: Rumāḥis ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Kinānī) (fl. 745 – 781) was the governor of Jund Filastin (the military district of Palestine) under the Umayyad caliph Marwan II (r. 745–750) and the governor of Algeciras under the Umayyad Emir of Cordoba, Abd al-Rahman I (r. 756–788).

Abd al-Rahman I
Abd al-Rahman ibn Mu'awiya (Arabic: عبد الرحمن إبن معاوية, romanized: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muʿāwiya; 7 March 731 – 30 September 788), commonly known as Abd al-Rahman I, was the founder and first emir of the Emirate of Córdoba, ruling from 756 to 788. He established the Umayyad dynasty in al-Andalus, which continued for nearly three centuries (including the succeeding Caliphate of Córdoba).

Abd al-Rahman was a member of the Umayyad dynasty in Damascus, and his establishment of a government in Iberia represented a break with the Abbasids, who had overthrown the Umayyads in Damascus in 750. He was also known by the surnames al-Dakhil ("the Immigrant"), Saqr Quraysh ("the Falcon of Quraysh").
Solar eclipse of February 15, 2018
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Thursday, February 15, 2018, with a magnitude of 0.5991. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica and southern South America.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Marco Zanni
Marco Zanni (born 11 July 1986) is an Italian politician who presided over the Identity and Democracy (ID) group in the European Parliament between 2019 and 2024. He has served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 2014, first elected as a member of the Five Star Movement, then reelected for the League in 2019.

2019 European Parliament election in Italy
The 2019 European Parliament election in Italy were held on 26 May 2019, electing members of the 9th Italian delegation to the European Parliament as part of the European elections held across the European Union.
Winnie Yu (nurse)
Winnie Yu Wai-ming (Chinese: 余慧明; born 28 May 1987) is a Hong Kong nurse and activist. She is the founder and chairwoman of the Hospital Authority Employees Alliance (HAEA), a labour union representing Hospital Authority staff. She played an instrumental role in the labour strike in February 2020 to demand full border closure in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong.

Hospital Authority
The Hospital Authority is a statutory body managing all the government hospitals and institutes in Hong Kong. It is under the governance of its board and is under the monitor of the Secretary for Health of the Hong Kong Government. Its chairman is Henry Fan.
1979 Louisiana gubernatorial election
The 1979 Louisiana gubernatorial election was held on December 8, 1979. Incumbent Governor Edwin Edwards was ineligible to run for a third term, making it the only gubernatorial election in Louisiana between 1972 and 1991 to not feature Edwards as a candidate. In the race to succeed him, Dave Treen narrowly defeated Louis Lambert to become the first Republican governor of Louisiana since the Reconstruction Era.

This was the second gubernatorial election held after the adoption of the Louisiana primary in 1975, and the first to require a runoff (officially called the general election). In the primary election held on October 27, Treen and Lambert finished first and second, respectively, to advance against a field of Democratic candidates including Lieutenant Governor Jimmy Fitzmorris, Secretary of State Paul Hardy, speaker of the Louisiana House E. L. Henry, and state senator Sonny Mouton.

Edgar G. "Sonny" Mouton Jr.
Edgar Gonzague "Sonny" Mouton Jr. (September 22, 1929 – March 24, 2016) was an American attorney from Lafayette, Louisiana, who was a Democratic member of the  Louisiana House of Representatives from 1964 to 1966 and the Louisiana State Senate from 1966 to 1980. He ran unsuccessfully for governor in the 1979 nonpartisan blanket primary.
Foluke Gunderson
Foluke Atinuke Gundersonlistenⓘ (née Akinradewo; born October 5, 1987) is a former indoor volleyball player who played as a middle blocker for Japanese club Hisamitsu Springs. Born in Canada, she represents the United States internationally.  Gunderson won gold with the national team at the 2010 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2014 World Championship, the Rimini Volleyball Nations League, and the 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics, silver at the 2012 London Summer Olympics, and bronze at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games. Her 2020 Olympics win allowed her to complete the trifecta of winning an Olympic bronze, silver, and gold medal.

Volleyball at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament in volleyball at the 2016 Summer Olympics was the 14th edition of the event at an Olympic Games, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB, in conjunction with the IOC. It was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 6 to 20 August 2016.

China won their third gold by defeating Serbia in the final. The United States won bronze by winning against the Netherlands.

The medals for the competition were presented by Yu Zaiqing, People's Republic of China; Anita DeFrantz, United States of America; and Chang Ung, Democratic People's Republic of Korea; members of the International Olympic Committee, and the gifts were presented by Ary Graça, Cristóbal Marte Hoffiz and Aleksandar Boričić, President and Executive Vice-Presidents of the FIVB.
Matthew Morgenstern
Matthew Morgenstern, also known as Moshe Morgenstern (Hebrew: משה מורגנשטרן; born 1968), is an Israeli linguist and religious studies scholar known for his work on Eastern Aramaic languages, especially Mandaic. He is currently Full Professor in the Department of Hebrew Language and Semitic Linguistics at Tel Aviv University.

Eastern Aramaic languages
Eastern Aramaic refers to a group of dialects that evolved historically from the varieties of Aramaic spoken in the core territories of Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq, southeastern Turkey and parts of northeastern Syria) and further expanded into northern Syria, eastern Arabia and northwestern Iran. This is in contrast to the Western Aramaic varieties found predominantly in the southern Levant, encompassing most parts of modern western Syria and Palestine region. Most speakers are Assyrians (including Chaldean Catholics), although there is a minority of Bavlim Jews and Mandaeans who also speak modern varieties of Eastern Aramaic.
John Smith (engraver)
John Smith (c. 1652 – c. 1742) was an English mezzotint engraver and print seller. Closely associated with the portrait painter Godfrey Kneller, Smith was one of leading exponents of the mezzotint medium during the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and was regarded among first English-born artists to receive international recognition, along the younger painter William Hogarth.

Godfrey Kneller
Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1st Baronet (born Gottfried Kniller; 8 August 1646 – 19 October 1723) was a German-born British painter. The leading portraitist in England during the late Stuart and early Georgian eras, he served as court painter to successive English and British monarchs, including Charles II of England and George I of Great Britain. Kneller also painted scientists such as Isaac Newton, foreign monarchs such as Louis XIV of France and visitors to England such as Michael Shen Fu-Tsung. A pioneer of the kit-cat portrait, he was also commissioned by William III of England to paint eight "Hampton Court Beauties" to match a similar series of paintings of Charles II's "Windsor Beauties" that had been painted by Kneller's predecessor as court painter, Peter Lely.