hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vijaya Emani
Vijaya Lakshmi Emani (14 May 1957 – 15 January 2009) was an Indian American social activist known for her work against domestic violence, and was a civic leader among the Indian American community in Cleveland, Ohio. Starting with Northeast Ohio Telugu Association, followed by the Federation of Indian Community Associations and with Greater Cleveland Asian Community, she was the president of the Federation of India Community and a board member of the Federation of India Community Associations (FICA). She was posthumously awarded the Presidential Citizens Medal, the second-highest United States civilian award, in 2011.

Presidential Citizens Medal
The Presidential Citizens Medal is an award bestowed by the president of the United States. It is the second-highest civilian award in the United States and is second only to the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Established by executive order on November 13, 1969, by President Richard Nixon, it recognizes an individual "who has performed exemplary deeds or services for his or her country or fellow citizens." Only United States citizens are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded posthumously.

The medal is a disc of gilt and enamel, based on the seal of the president of the United States, with the eagle surrounded by a wreath of leaves. The medal is suspended on a ribbon, dark blue with a light blue central stripe and white edge stripes. Despite being a civilian award, it may be worn on some military uniforms.
Gohar Khatun
Gohar Khatun (Persian: گوهر خاتون), the daughter of Ismail bin Yaquti and the wife of Sultan Muhammad I Seljuk, was a Seljuk royal consort who is described as having exercised political influence. She reportedly swayed the appointment of viziers, and the legitimacy of the highest administrative office was said to have depended on her confirmation. She had significant influence in appointments and dismissals. For example, Kamal al-Mulk is described as attaining prominence at Sultan Muhammad's court through her support. In some accounts, Gohar Khatun and Kamal al-Mulk cooperated to depose Abu Mansur Mibdi, a vizier of Sultan Muhammad.

Muhammad I Tapar
Muhammad I Tapar (Persian: محمد اول تاپار; 20 January 1082 – 18 April 1118), was the sultan of the Great Seljuk Empire from 1105 to 1118. He was a son of Malik-Shah I (r. 1072–1092) and Taj al-Din Khatun Safariya.
2019 European Senior Tour
The 2019 European Senior Tour, titled as the 2019 Staysure Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the 28th season of the European Senior Tour, the main professional golf tour in Europe for men aged 50 and over.

European Senior Tour
The European Senior Tour, currently titled as the Staysure Legends Tour for sponsorship reasons, is a professional golf tour for male golfers aged 50 and over, run by the PGA European Tour. The tour was titled as the Staysure Tour for the 2018 and 2019 seasons after UK-based insurance company Staysure became the first title sponsors of the senior tour in December 2017. The tour was relaunched as the Legends Tour in 2020, after Ryan Howsam, founder and owner of Staysure, took majority ownership in a joint venture with the European Tour. The headquarters are based at Wentworth Golf Club, UK.

In 2025, the tour will play across four continents with a 20-event calendar, which will take place between February and December. Total prize fund for the year will be €20 million.
Hit the ball twice
Hit the ball twice, or "double-hit", is a method of dismissal in the sport of cricket. It is exceptionally rare at all levels of the game. The law was codified at the very latest by 1744 and had likely been introduced earlier than that due to injuries and deaths occurring from double hit attempts in the 1600s and 1700s. The law prohibits a batter from making a second clear attempt to hit the ball after it has hit their bat or their person for any reason except to stop the ball hitting the stumps.

Obstructing the field
Obstructing the field is one of the ten methods of dismissing a batsman in the sport of cricket. Either batsman can be given out if he wilfully attempts to obstruct or distract the fielding side by word or action. It is Law 37 of the Laws of cricket, and is a rare way for a batsman to be dismissed; in the history of cricket, there has been only two instances in Test matches, nine in One Day International (ODI) matches, and six in Twenty20 International matches. There have also been seven instances in Test cricket, and two in ODIs, where a batsman has been dismissed handled the ball, a mode of dismissal now folded into obstructing the field.

One modern pattern of obstruction in limited overs cricket occurs when a batsman thinks that he is going to be run out and blocks the ball with his bat, or changes his course while running between wickets to block the ball. The obstruction has to be deliberate.
Central Greyhound Lines
Central Greyhound Lines is a name used in six different contexts or applications in the intercity highway-coach industry in the USA.  In each of the first five instances, the name was used for a regional operating company (that is, a division or subsidiary) of The Greyhound Corporation (the parent Greyhound firm).  In the last instance, the name was used for an internal administrative department of the (second) Greyhound Lines, Inc., the (second) GLI, a separate, independent, unrelated firm, after the GLI bought the core bus business of The Greyhound Corporation.

Capitol Greyhound Lines
The Capitol Greyhound Lines (called also Capitol or CpGL),  a highway-coach carrier, was a Greyhound regional operating company, based in Cincinnati, Ohio, US, from 1930 until 1954, when it was merged into the Pennsylvania Greyhound Lines, a neighboring operating company.
Jason Gray (government official)
Jason Gray is an American government official who served as acting administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) from January 20 until February 3, 2025, and its chief information officer (CIO) since 2022. He was previously the CIO of the U.S. Department of Education from 2016 to 2022.

Chief information officer
A chief information officer (CIO), chief digital information officer (CDIO), or information technology (IT) director is a job title commonly given to the most senior executive in an enterprise who works with information technology and computer systems, in order to support enterprise goals.

Normally, the CIO reports directly to the Managing Director. In military organizations, the CIO reports to the commanding officer. The role of chief information officer was first defined in 1981 by  William R. Synnott, former senior vice president of the Bank of Boston, and William H. Gruber, a former professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management. A CIO will sometimes serve as a member of the board of directors.
Sara Head
Sara Head (born 12 April 1980) is a Welsh Paralympic table tennis player. Head has represented Wales at two Commonwealth Games and was selected for the 2012 Paralympic Games, where she took the bronze medal in the women's team class 1–3 event with team-mate Jane Campbell.

Table tennis at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Women's team – Class 1–3
The Women's team table tennis - Class 1-3 tournament at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London took place from 5 September to 7 September 2012 at ExCeL Exhibition Centre. Classes 1-3 were for athletes with a physical impairment that affects their legs, and who compete in a sitting position. The lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment was on an athlete's ability to compete.
Attack on German Flatts (1778)
The attack on German Flatts (September 17, 1778) was a raid on the frontier settlement of German Flatts, New York (which then also encompassed what is now Herkimer) during the American Revolutionary War.  The attack was made by a mixed force of Loyalists and Iroquois under the overall command of Mohawk leader Joseph Brant, and resulted in the destruction of houses, barns, and crops, and the taking of livestock for the raiders' use.  The settlers, warned by the heroic run of Adam Helmer, took refuge in local forts but were too militarily weak to stop the raiders.

Brant's attack was one of a series executed under his command or that of Loyalist and Seneca leaders against communities on what was then the frontier of western New York and northern Pennsylvania.  New York authorities responded by ordering an expedition that destroyed Brant's forward operating bases in Iroquois territory.

German Flatts, New York
German Flatts is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 12,263 at the 2020 census down from 13,258 at the 2010 census.

The town is in the southern part of Herkimer County, on the south side of the Mohawk River, across from the village of Herkimer. The town includes the villages of Ilion and Mohawk.
Tan Kesler
Tan Kesler (born 14 May 1979) is a Turkish businessman and football executive who is the current vice-chairman and CEO of Ekstraklasa club Pogoń Szczecin. He previously worked as the vice-chairman of EFL Championship club Hull City.

Pogoń Szczecin
Pogoń Szczecin Spółka Akcyjna (lit. 'Pogoń Szczecin Joint Stock Company'), commonly referred to as Pogoń Szczecin (Polish pronunciation: [ˌɛmkaˈɛs ˌpɔɡɔj̃ ˈʂtʂɛtɕin]), is a Polish professional football club based in Szczecin, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, which plays in the Ekstraklasa.
Brian Allsop
Brian John Allsop (1935–1989) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer. He played in the 1950s and 1960s for the New South Wales Rugby League.

A wing, Allsop played for two Sydney clubs during his career, with 80 matches for the Eastern Suburbs club in the years 1955–1959, and 74 for Manly-Warringah from 1960–1964.

New South Wales Rugby League
The New South Wales Rugby League Ltd (NSWRL) is an Australian rugby league football competition operator in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission.

It was registered on 21 December 1983 and succeeded the New South Wales Rugby Football League which had been formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907. The NSWRFL and then NSWRL operated the premier rugby league club competitions for Sydney, then New South Wales and then Australia from 1908 to 1994. The organisation administers the New South Wales rugby league team for State of Origin.
2006–07 Hyderabad C.A. season
The 2006–07 season is Hyderabad cricket team's 73rd competitive season. The Hyderabad cricket team is senior men's domestic cricket team based in the city of Hyderabad, India, run by the Hyderabad Cricket Association. They represent the region of Telangana in the state of Andhra Pradesh in domestic competitions.

Hyderabad Cricket Association
Hyderabad Cricket Association is the governing body of cricket activities in Hyderabad and other districts in the state of Telangana in India and the Hyderabad cricket team. It is an affiliated member of the Board of Control for Cricket in India. The association was founded in 1934 and has been affiliated to the BCCI ever since.

The HCA operates the Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium in Hyderabad, which hosts International level Test, ODI and T20 cricket matches.
Wes Foderingham
Wesley Andrew Foderingham (born 14 January 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Cypriot First Division club Aris Limassol. He is a former England U19 international.

Foderingham was with Fulham and Crystal Palace as a young player, but did not make a league appearance for either club. After playing on loan for a number of non-league clubs, he signed for Swindon Town and made over 160 appearances in the Football League for the Wiltshire club. In July 2015, Foderingham signed a three-year contract with Scottish club Rangers upon being released by Swindon Town.

England national under-19 football team
England national under-19 football team, also known as England under-19s or England U19(s), represents England in association football at under-19 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England. Primarily, it competes to qualify for the annual UEFA European Under-19 Championship.
Super Robot Wars
Super Robot Wars is a series of Japanese tactical role-playing video games produced by Bandai Namco Entertainment, formerly Banpresto. Starting out as a spinoff of the Compati Hero series, the main feature of the franchise is having a story that crosses over several popular mecha anime, manga and video games, allowing characters and mecha from different titles to team up or battle one another. The first game in the franchise was released for the Game Boy on April 20, 1991, and later spawned numerous games that were released on various consoles and handhelds. Due to the nature of crossover games and licensing involved, only a few games have been released outside Japan, and in English; Super Robot Taisen: Original Generation and its sequel were the first of these in 2006. The franchise celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2016, and its 30th anniversary in 2021, and Super Robot Wars 30 was also released overseas.

Bandai Namco Entertainment
Bandai Namco Entertainment Inc. is a Japanese multinational video game publisher, and the video game branch of the wider Bandai Namco Holdings group. Founded in 2006 as Namco Bandai Games Inc., it is the successor to Namco's home and arcade video game business, as well as Bandai's former equivalent division. Development operations were spun off into a new company in 2012, Namco Bandai Studios, now called Bandai Namco Studios.

Bandai Namco Entertainment owns several multi-million video game franchises, including Pac-Man,  Tekken, Soulcalibur, Tales, Ace Combat, Taiko no Tatsujin, The Idolmaster, Ridge Racer, Dark Souls, .hack and Little Nightmares. Pac-Man himself serves as the official mascot of the company. The company also owns the licenses to several Japanese media franchises, such as Shonen Jump, Gundam, Kamen Rider, Super Sentai, Sword Art Online, and the Ultra Series.
Musongati FC
Musongati Football Club, commonly known as Musongati FC or simply Musongati, is a Burundian professional football club based in Gitega, the political capital of Burundi. The club competes in Ligue A, the top level of Burundi's football league system, and plays its home matches at 7,000 capacity Stade Ingoma. Musongati's colours are green and yellow and represent the rich Burundi vegetation.

Burundi Ligue A
The Burundi Ligue A, also called Primus Ligue for sponsorship reasons, is the highest division in football in Burundi. The league was formed in 1972 and has 16 teams. They play 30 rounds home and away during a season.
Oscar E. Morehouse
Oscar Emery Morehouse (August 5, 1857 – January 1, 1935) was a Canadian medical doctor and Conservative political figure. He represented York County in the New Brunswick provincial legislature from 1911 to 1917.

A graduate of McGill Medical School, Morehouse practiced family medicine in the Kedgwick Ridge area of New Brunswick. He was first elected in a 1911 by-election held following the death of Thomas Robison. Re-elected in the 1912 general, he retired from politics to return to his medical practice at the dissolution of the 33rd Legislature in 1917.

Morehouse's granddaughter, Patricia Crossman, would also sit in the legislature as the Progressive Conservative member for Riverview from 1999 to her death in 2002.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
HIMT
HIMT Group of Institutes is a Maritime Training Institute is located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, and Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The institution provides pre-sea and post sea courses and regulated by the Directorate General of Shipping (DG Shipping), Government of India. HIMT opened its college at Kalpakkam after getting approval from Kalpakkam nuclear power plant. HIMT is also affiliated with the Indian Maritime University (IMU).

Directorate General of Shipping
The Directorate General of Shipping, India is an attached office under the Ministry of Shipping, Government of India, responsible for life, health, vessel and the environment for Indian registered ships and ships at Indian ports. The Directorate,  is located in Mumbai and led by Director General of Shipping  Shri Shyam Jagannathan, IAS and Additional Secretary to the Government of India.
Nicolas Economou
Nicolas Economou (Greek: Νικόλας Οικονόμου; 11 August 1953 – 29 December 1993) was a Cypriot composer, pianist and conductor born in Nicosia, Cyprus.

Economou came to international attention at the 1969 Tchaikovsky Competition when he was 16.  After studying at the Tchaikovsky Conservatory in Moscow he eventually moved via Düsseldorf to Munich.  From his base there he established himself throughout Europe as a concert pianist, composer, arranger, conductor and organiser of music festivals.  In December 1993 Economou died in a car accident in Cyprus.

Moscow Conservatory
The Moscow Conservatory, also officially Tchaikovsky Moscow State Conservatory (Russian: Московская государственная консерватория им. П. И. Чайковского, romanized: Moskovskaya gosudarstvennaya konservatoriya im. P. I. Chaykovskogo) is a higher musical educational institution located in Moscow, Russia. It grants undergraduate and graduate degrees in musical performance and musical research. The conservatory offers various degrees including Bachelor of Music Performance, Master of Music and PhD in research.
Battle of Corrick's Ford
The Battle of Corrick's Ford took place on July 13, 1861, on the Cheat River in western Virginia (now the state of West Virginia) as part of the Operations in Western Virginia Campaign during the American Civil War. By later standards, the battle was a minor skirmish. Often deemed as a final part of the Battle of Rich Mountain, it was the end of a series of battles between the forces of Union Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan and Confederate Brig. Gen. Robert S. Garnett.

Cheat River
The Cheat River is a 78.3-mile-long (126.0 km) tributary of the Monongahela River in eastern West Virginia and southwestern Pennsylvania in the United States. Via the Ohio River, the Cheat and Monongahela are part of the Mississippi River watershed. Owing to the ruggedness of the surrounding Allegheny Mountains, the Cheat remains largely remote with few settlements or developments along its banks. Its headwaters are in the Cheat-Potomac Ranger District of the Monongahela National Forest.
Giorgio Loredan
Giorgio Loredan (died 1475) was a Venetian nobleman, admiral, military general and politician of the Loredan family, known for investigating political crimes and scandals as head of the Council of Ten.

Antonio Loredan
Antonio Loredan (Latin: Antonius Lauretanus; 1420 – August 1482) was a member of the Venetian noble family of Loredan, captain of Venetian-held Scutari (Shkodër in modern Albania) and governor in Split (Venetian Dalmatia), Albania Veneta, and the Morea.
Mountain Temple inscription
The Mountain Temple inscription was found near Mathura, India. It is on a broken slab, and now housed at the Indian Museum, Kolkata.

The Mountain Temple inscription makes an early mention of Hindu and Jain temple architecture, where its shape is described to be like a mountain and accompanied with an assembly hall (sabha). The inscription's wording and arrangement, state Luders and Janert, closely resembles the Mora Well inscription, now in Mathura museum. Both describe a donation of a stone temple, halls and slabs; however, the Mora Well inscription is more detailed and mentions pratima. The Rajula in line 3 of the Mountain Temple inscription is likely the Northern Satraps Great Satrap Rajuvula, found in Mathura lion capital.

The Mountain Temple inscription lacks a date. The similar Mora Well Inscription is dated to the early decades of the 1st-century CE and is related to early Vaishnavism: the Mora Well inscription mentions stone shrines dedicated to five Vrishni heroes.

Rajuvula
Rajuvula (Greek ΡΑΖΥ Razy; Brahmi: Rā-ju-vu-la, Rājuvula; Kharosthi: 𐨪𐨗𐨂𐨬𐨂𐨫 Ra-ju-vu-la, Rajuvula; 𐨪𐨗𐨬𐨂𐨫 Ra-ja-vu-la, Rajavula; 𐨪𐨗𐨂𐨫 Ra-ju-la, Rajula) was an Indo-Scythian Great Satrap (Mahākṣatrapa), one of the "Northern Satraps" who ruled in the area of Mathura in the northern Indian subcontinent in the years around 10 CE. The Mathura lion capital was consecrated under the reign of Rajuvula. In central India, the Indo-Scythians had conquered the area of Mathura from Indian kings around 60 BCE. Some of their satraps were Hagamasha and Hagana, who were in turn followed by Rajuvula.
Martin Luther King Jr. Plaza (Toledo)
Martin Luther King Jr. Plaza (formerly Central Union Terminal and Central Union Plaza) is the main passenger rail and intercity bus station of Toledo, Ohio.

Toledo is served by two Amtrak routes: the Floridian, which operates daily between Chicago and Miami; and the Lake Shore Limited, which operates daily between Chicago and (via two sections east of Albany) Boston and New York City.  The station is also served by Greyhound Lines and Barons Bus Lines.

Named for Martin Luther King Jr., the building was designed in Streamline Moderne style by Robert Crosbie. It is owned by the Toledo–Lucas County Port Authority.

Greyhound Lines
Greyhound Lines, Inc. is an American operator of intercity bus services. Greyhound operates the largest intercity bus network in the United States, and also operates charter and Amtrak Thruway services, as well as intercity buses in Mexico. Based in Dallas, Texas, Greyhound is a subsidiary of Flix SE, owner of FlixBus. Greyhound serves over 1,600 American destinations. The company's first route began in Hibbing, Minnesota, in 1914 and the company adopted the Greyhound name in 1929.
Johan Gunder Adler
Johan Gunder Adler (5 March 1784 – 26 May 1852) was a Danish civil servant and a co-author of the Constitution of Norway.

Johan Gunder Adler was born and raised in Copenhagen, Denmark. He studied at the University of Copenhagen in 1803–1804.  He then worked in Copenhagen as a teacher and later head of Prinds Christian Augusts Minde, a school in Frederiksted, now Halden in Østfold, Norway.

Adler was present at Eidsvold as assistant and cabinet secretary of Crown Prince Christian Frederik of Denmark who was a proposed King of Norway. When Christian Frederik relinquished the throne and returned to Denmark in late autumn 1814,  Adler followed with him. In 1815 Christian Frederik was appointed governor of Funen and Adler became a member of his staff. After King Frederik VI of Denmark died in 1839, Christian Frederik ascended the throne as King Christian VIII of Denmark. Adler was appointed cabinet secretary, a position he held until King Christian died in 1848.

Christian VIII
Christian VIII (18 September 1786 – 20 January 1848) was King of Denmark from 1839 to 1848 and, as Christian Frederick, King of Norway in 1814.

Christian Frederick was the eldest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick, a younger son of King Frederick V of Denmark and Norway. As his cousin Frederick VI had no sons, Christian Frederick was heir presumptive to the throne from 1808.