hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lepraria glaucosorediata
Lepraria glaucosorediata is a species of leprose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. It was formally described in 2009 from specimens collected in the Bolivian Andes at high elevation. The lichen is characterised by its thick, powdery crust with a distinctive bluish-grey tint and unusual soredial structure. It grows on rocks and mosses in humid, shaded locations within high-elevation puna grassland.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
Ashok Seth
Ashok Seth (born 12 October 1954) is an Indian interventional cardiologist, credited with the performance of over 50,000 angiograms and 20,000 angioplasties, which has been included in the Limca Book of Records, a book for achievements and records from an Indian perspective. He is a Fellow of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of London, Edinburgh and Ireland and serves as the chief cardiologist, holding the chairs of the department of cardiovascular sciences and cardiology council at the Fortis Healthcare. Seth, a recipient of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, was honored by the Government of India with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri, in 2003, followed by Padma Bhushan, the third highest Indian civilian award, in 2015.

Royal College of Physicians of Ireland
The Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (RCPI) (Irish: Coláiste Ríoga Lianna na hÉireann) is an Irish professional body dedicated to improving the practice of general medicine and related medical specialities, chiefly through the accreditation of physicians by examination.
Claës Lindsström
Vice Admiral Claës Olof Lindsström (8 October 1876 – 3 January 1964) was a Swedish Navy officer. Lindsström's senior commands include postings as commanding officer of Karlskrona and Stockholm Naval Stations, the South and East Coast Naval District, and as Chief of the Naval Staff. Lindsström was active during the era of the Sverige-class coastal defence ships and made significant efforts to develop this type of coastal defence ship.

Vice admiral (Sweden)
Vice admiral (VAdm; Swedish: Viceamiral, Vam) is a three-star commissioned naval officer rank in the Swedish Navy. Vice admiral ranks above rear admiral and below admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant general.
St. Barbe-L'Anse aux Meadows
St. Barbe-L'Anse aux Meadows is a provincial electoral district in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, which is represented by one member in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. It was contested for the first time in the 2015 provincial election. It was created out of all of The Straits-White Bay North and part of St. Barbe. St. Anthony is the largest population centre in the district.

Nearby districts include Cartwright-L'Anse au Clair and Humber-Gros Morne.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
Julian Thornton-Duesbery
Julian Percy Thornton-Duesbery (7 September 1902 – 1 April 1985) was a British Church of England priest and academic. He was Master of St Peter's Hall, Oxford (later known as St Peter's College) from 1940 to 1944, and from 1955 to 1968. He also served as Principal of Wycliffe Hall, Oxford, an Anglican theological college, from 1944 to 1955.

Principal (academia)
The principal is the chief executive and the chief academic officer of a university or college in certain parts of the Commonwealth.

In the United States, the principal is the head of school at most pre-university, non-boarding schools.
The Punk Rock Museum
The Punk Rock Museum is a 12,000-square-foot space dedicated to the punk rock music genre, which opened on April 1, 2023. Located in Las Vegas, Nevada, the museum was founded by "Fat Mike" Burkett of the band NOFX, and developed by Burkett and production manager Lisa Brownlee. It is governed by a ten-person collective of musicians and museum investors including Burkett, co-founder Pat Smear (The Germs), and skateboarder Tony Hawk.

Fat Mike
Michael John Burkett (born January 16, 1967), known professionally as Fat Mike, is an American musician and producer. He was the bassist and lead vocalist for the punk rock band NOFX and the cofounder and bassist of the punk rock supergroup cover band Me First and the Gimme Gimmes. Burkett started out with his first band False Alarm in 1982. He and NOFX rhythm guitarist Eric Melvin were the only band members who remained constant in the band's lineup throughout its existence. Burkett is the owner and founder of Fat Wreck Chords.

Fat Mike plays bass with a guitar pick.
Euryomma (fly)
Euryomma is a genus of species of flies of the family Fanniidae.  The genus was originally proposed by the entomologist Paul Stein in 1899. Although at that time most authorities placed them in the family Muscidae. The distribution of Euryomma is mainly Neotropical, on the whole restricted to the Americas, there is also one Nearctic species, the exception being of the very cosmopolitan E. peregrinum (Meigen, 1826)

Paul Stein (entomologist)
Paul Stein (1852–1921) was a German museum curator and entomologist. He specialised in Diptera especially the family Anthomyiidae.  In this group he studied the world fauna describing many new genera and species.

Stein worked with Theodor Becker, Mario Bezzi and Kálmán Kertész on Katalog der Paläarktischen dipteren (1903 onwards) published in Budapest from 1903. His collection is in the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin.
Kirsi Heikkinen
Kirsi Heikkinen (née Savolainen, born in Espoo, 26 September 1978) is a Finnish women's football referee. She has taken part in the 2009 European Championship, the 2011 World Cup and the 2012 Summer Olympics, and she refereed the final of the 2010 Champions League, the 2010 U–17 World Cup and the 2010 Algarve Cup.

Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's football tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics was held in London and five other cities in the United Kingdom from 25 July to 9 August. Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to enter their women's teams in regional qualifying competitions, from which 11 teams, plus the hosts Great Britain reached the final tournament. There are no age restrictions for the players participating in the tournament. It is the first major FIFA affiliated women's tournament to be staged within the United Kingdom, and marked the first time a team representing Great Britain took part in the women's tournament.
Utah State Route 124
Utah State Route 124 (SR-124) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Utah. Spanning 7.9 miles (12.7 km), it connects the cities of Sunnyside and East Carbon in Carbon County with Horse Canyon Mine in Emery County.

East Carbon, Utah
East Carbon is a city in Carbon County, Utah, United States. The population was 1,567 as of 2022. East Carbon was incorporated on July 23, 1973, from the merger of the two struggling mining towns of Dragerton and Columbia. On January 1, 2014, the city merged with the neighboring city of Sunnyside to become East Carbon-Sunnyside, but later changed to East Carbon City.
Charles Dempster
Charles Edward Dempster (19 December 1839 – 22 July 1907) was a politician in Western Australia, serving two terms in the Legislative Council—as the member for the seat of Toodyay from 1873 to 1874, and as one of the three East Province members from 1894 until 1907. A farmer and grazier by trade, he was also one of the first European explorers of the Esperance district as well as a councillor and chairman on the Toodyay and Northam Road Boards for many years.

Shire of Toodyay
The Shire of Toodyay is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, beyond the north-eastern limits of the Perth metropolitan area. The Shire covers an area of 1,694 square kilometres (654 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Toodyay.
Weise's law
In historical linguistics, Weise's law describes the loss of palatal quality that some consonants undergo in specific contexts in the Proto-Indo-European language. In short, when the palatovelar consonants *ḱ *ǵ *ǵʰ are followed by *r, they lose their palatal quality, leading to a loss in distinction between the series and the corresponding plain velar consonants *k *g *gʰ. Some exceptions exist, such as when the *r is followed by *i or when the palatal form is restored by analogy with related words. Although this sound change is most prominent in the satem languages, the change probably occurred prior to the centum–satem division, based on an earlier sound change which affected the distribution of Proto-Indo-European *u and *r. The law is named after the German linguist Oskar Weise, who first postulated it in 1881 in order to reconcile cognates in Ancient Greek and Sanskrit.

Analogical change
In language change, analogical change occurs when one linguistic sign is changed in either form or meaning to reflect another item in the language system on the basis of analogy or perceived similarity. In contrast to regular sound change, analogy is driven by idiosyncratic cognitive factors and applies irregularly across a language system. This leads to what is known as Sturtevant's paradox: sound change is regular, but produces irregularity; analogy is irregular, but produces regularity.
Ricky Lawless
Medardo Jim "Jimmy" Leon Jr. (December 3, 1959 – November 30, 1988) was an American professional wrestler, trainer and promoter, best known by his ringname "Bad Boy" Ricky (Ricki) Lawless, who competed in Eastern, Mid-Atlantic and Southern regional territories during the early to mid-1980s, being a veteran of International Championship Wrestling and the National Wrestling Federation.

Leon was also the owner of a successful wrestling school whose students included Steve "The Brawler" Lawler, "Playboy" Bobby Starr, Axl Rotten and Joey Maggs. He and Maggs later teamed together as The Heavy Metal Connection and twice captured the tag team titles in Buck Robley's Deep South Championship Wrestling. His murder in 1988, reportedly committed by a jealous husband over an extramarital affair, was featured in an exposé by Hustler.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Bahana (1960 film)
Bahana (transl. Excuse) is a 1960 Indian Hindi-language film starring Meena Kumari, Mehmood and Sajjan in lead roles. The film was directed by actor-director M. Kumar and was produced by Pramila under the banner of Silver Films.

Mehmood (actor)
Mehmood Ali (29 September 1932 – 23 July 2004), popularly known simply as Mehmood, was an Indian actor, singer, director and producer, best known for playing Comic,Serious,emotional and versatile roles in Hindi films.

During his career of more than four decades, he worked in over 300 Hindi films and was known as Bollywood's Original Bhaijaan. Mehmood received 25 nominations for film awards, 19 for 'Best Performance in a Comic Role', while the awards started in 1954, awards for the best comedian category started only in 1967. Prior to that Mehmood also received 6 nominations for 'Best Supporting Actor'.
1973 Orange Bowl
The 1973 Orange Bowl was the 39th edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida, on Monday, January 1. The final game of the 1972–73 bowl season, it matched the ninth-ranked Nebraska Cornhuskers of the Big Eight Conference and the independent #12 Notre Dame Fighting Irish, led by their respective hall of fame coaches, Bob Devaney and Ara Parseghian.

Two-time defending national champion Nebraska scored early and won 40–6; Notre Dame was held scoreless until the fourth quarter to avoid a shutout.

1972 NCAA University Division football rankings
Two human polls comprised the 1972 NCAA University Division football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, does not bestow a national championship, instead that title is bestowed by one or more different polling agencies. There are two main weekly polls that begin in the preseason—the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll.
One Milkali (One Blood)
"One Milkali (One Blood)" is a song by Australian synth pop duo Electric Fields. It was written by both members of the duo, and has lyrics in English and Yankunytjatjara, an Aboriginal Australian language. It was released on 5 March 2024 through Sony Music Australia. The song represented Australia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, and finished in 11th place with 41 points at semi final one.

The song was nominated for Song of the Year at the National Indigenous Music Awards 2024.

Yankunytjatjara dialect
Yankunytjatjara (also Yankuntatjara, Jangkundjara, or Kulpantja) is an Australian Aboriginal language. It is one of the Wati languages, belonging to the large Pama–Nyungan family. It is one of the many varieties of the Western Desert Language, all of which are mutually intelligible.

Yankunytjatjara is spoken in the north-west of South Australia and is one of the most easterly of the Western Desert dialects, being spoken around the communities of Mimili, Indulkana and Fregon and across to Oodnadatta and Coober Pedy (although this latter is not on traditional Yankunytjatjara land).
Brazilians in South Korea
There is a community of Brazilians in South Korea consisting of immigrants (mostly Korean Brazilian returnees) and expatriates (mostly footballers) from Brazil. In total there are estimated to be about 1,088 Brazilians living in South Korea.

Korean Brazilians
Korean Brazilians (Portuguese: coreano-brasileiro, Korean: 한국계 브라질인; Hanja: 韓國系 브라질人) are Brazilians of full, partial or predominantly Korean ancestry or a Korean-born person residing in Brazil. The Korean population in Brazil, the largest in South America, is about 50,000.

On 6 January 2010, per Municipal Law no. 15100, the São Paulo City Council officially recognised Bom Retiro as the Korean cultural neighbourhood.

In terms of religion, the vast majority of Korean Brazilians are Protestant, with a minority of Catholics. There are more Korean churches than Korean restaurants in the Korean Brazilian community. There are also three Buddhist temples located in Korean communities in Brazil, which also attract non-Korean worshippers. Since the 1990s, a net overall return migration pattern has evolved of Korean and Japanese Brazilians back to Korea and Japan, respectively.
Martin Duncan
Martin David Anson Duncan (born 12 July 1948) is an English director, actor, composer, and choreographer. Duncan was artistic director of Nottingham Playhouse from 1994 to 1999 and joint artistic director of Chichester Festival Theatre from 2003 to 2005 with Ruth Mackenzie and Steven Pimlott. He has composed the musical scores for over 50 theatre productions.

After training at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, Duncan began his career in repertory theatre in 1968. He continued to act on stage and screen until the late 1980s, becoming a director of theatre and opera. His many opera productions include performances at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, Scottish Opera, English National Opera, Glyndebourne Festival, Bayerische Staatsoper in Munich and the Berlin Staatsoper.

Berlin State Opera
The Staatsoper Unter den Linden (lit. State Opera under the Lime Trees), also known as the Berlin State Opera (German: Staatsoper Berlin), is a listed building on Unter den Linden boulevard in the historic center of Berlin, Germany. The opera house was built by order of Prussian king Frederick the Great from 1741 to 1743 according to plans by Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff in the Palladian style. Damaged during the Allied bombing in World War II, the former Royal Prussian Opera House was rebuilt from 1951 to 1955 as part of the Forum Fridericianum square in East Berlin.

Nicknamed Lindenoper, it is "the world's oldest state opera" and "the first theater anywhere to be, by itself, a prominent, freestanding monumental building in a city."
Douglas's Texas Battery
Douglas's Texas Battery (also known as the Good-Douglas Texas Battery or Dallas Light Artillery Battery) was an artillery battery that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. In June 1861, the unit was formed by combining one group of men from Dallas with a second group from Tyler and placing them under the command of John Jay Good. The battery fought at Pea Ridge in March 1862 and soon afterward transferred to the east side of the Mississippi River. James Postell Douglas replaced Good as commander and led the battery at Richmond, Stones River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, the Atlanta campaign, Franklin, and Nashville. After operations around Mobile, Alabama, Confederate units in the region surrendered and the survivors of the battery were paroled on 12 May 1865. It was the only Texas field artillery unit that served east of the Mississippi.

Battle of Richmond
The Battle of Richmond, Kentucky, fought August 29–30, 1862, was one of the most complete Confederate victories in the American Civil War by Major General Edmund Kirby Smith against Union major general William "Bull" Nelson's forces, which were defending the town. It was the first major battle in the Kentucky Campaign. The battle took place on and around what is now the grounds of the Blue Grass Army Depot, outside Richmond, Kentucky.
Ogu–Bolo
Ogu–Bolo (also spelled Ogu/Bolo) is a local government area (LGA) in Rivers State, Nigeria, with its administrative headquarters in the town of Ogu. It is situated in the eastern part of the Niger Delta, the Ogu–Bolo people are of Ijaw descent and represent one of the 11 local government areas in Rivers State with Ijaw heritage.

Ogu–Bolo Local Government Area (LGA) covers an area of 89 km² (34 sq mi) and had an estimated population of over 119,000 as of 2020, according to the Rivers State Primary Health Care Management Board. Located in the Rivers South East Senatorial District, it is bordered by Eleme LGA to the north, Tai LGA to the south, Khana LGA to the east, and Bonny LGA to the west.

Farming is the predominant occupation of the people, with Christianity being the major religion, alongside a few adherents of African Traditional Religion. The primary ethnic group in the area is the Wakrikese, a sub-group of the larger Ijaw tribe. The postal code for Ogu–Bolo is 500104.

Eleme, Nigeria
Eleme is a local government area in Rivers State, Nigeria. It is part of the Port Harcourt metropolitan city.

Eleme has its headquarters in the town of Ogale. It covers an area of 138 km2 and at the 2006 Census had a population of 190,884.  The Eleme people are Eleme's main indigenous ethnic group. Eleme LGA has two districts- Nchia and Odido and both administered under the Crown of the Oneh Eh Eleme (King Of Eleme.)

As explained in a book edited by Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh and others, the Eleme language, of the Cross-River branch of the larger Niger-Congo language family, is the main spoken language.

In 2005 Eleme had two of Nigeria's four petroleum refineries.
Great Scott (music venue)
Great Scott is a live music venue located in Allston, a neighborhood in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The small venue first opened in 1976 and has featured many well-known musical acts in their early careers, such as MGMT, Charli XCX, and Beach Bunny. In May 2020, Great Scott announced its closing amidst nationwide shutdowns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In July 2024, they announced they would reopen in a new location in 2026.

Beach Bunny (band)
Beach Bunny is  an American rock band formed in 2015 in Chicago, Illinois. Initially a solo project by guitarist and vocalist Lili Trifilio, Beach Bunny became a full band in 2017. The group achieved widespread popularity after their 2018 song "Prom Queen" went viral on TikTok in late 2019. Their 2020 song "Cloud 9" also went viral on TikTok in 2021.
Anarkali (1958 film)
Anarkali is a 1958 Pakistani historical drama film, directed by Anwar Kamal Pasha and starring Noor Jehan and Sudhir in lead roles. Based on the Urdu play of the same name by Imtiaz Ali Taj, the screenplay is written by Qamar Ajnalvi. The film revolves around the love of Jahangir for a slave girl, Anarkali, which creates a serious conflict between Prince Jahangir and his father, Mughal emperor Akbar. The film was released on 4 June 1958, and its performance was 'average' at the box office.

Made with a budget of high production, the film is usually compared with the landmark Bollywood film, Mughal-e-Azam (1960 film) , which was also based on the same play. This above 1958 film was praised for its music, which was composed by Master Inayat Hussain and Rashid Attre. At the Nigar Awards ceremony in 1958, it won one award: Best Lyricist for Qateel Shifai.

Sudhir (Pakistani actor)
Shah Zaman Khan Afridi, better known as Sudhir (Urdu: سدھیر) or Lala Sudhir (25 January 1921 – 19 January 1997), was a Pakistani actor, director, and producer.

Sudhir was a highly respected film personality.

With his film roles symbolizing valour and bravery, he is known as the first action-hero of Pakistani cinema, appearing in 173 films, including 101 in Punjabi, 70 in Urdu, one in Pashto, and one in Bollywood before Partition.
Dalton Pass
Dalton Pass, also called Balete Pass, is a zigzag road and mountain pass that joins the provinces of Nueva Ecija and Nueva Vizcaya, in central Luzon island of the Philippines. It is part of Cagayan Valley Road segment of Pan-Philippine Highway (Maharlika Highway).

Pan-Philippine Highway
The Pan-Philippine Highway, also known as the Maharlika Highway (Tagalog: Daang Maharlika; Cebuano: Dalang Halangdon), is a network of roads, expressways, bridges, and ferry services that connect the islands of Luzon, Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao in the Philippines, serving as the country's principal transport backbone. Measuring 3,379.73 kilometers (2,100.07 mi) long excluding sea routes not counted by highway milestones, it is the longest road in the Philippines that forms the country's north–south backbone component of National Route 1 (N1) of the Philippine highway network. The entire highway is designated as Asian Highway 26 (AH26) of the Asian Highway Network.

The northern terminus of the highway is in front of the Ilocos Norte Provincial Capitol in Laoag and the southern terminus is near the Zamboanga City Hall in Zamboanga City.