hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AFC Gloria Arad
Asociația Fotbal Club Gloria Arad, also known as AFC Gloria Arad, or simply as Gloria Arad was a Romanian football club based in Arad, Arad County, currently playing in the Liga VI. The club was originally founded in 1913 by Dr. E. Veliciuiu and the colors were from the beginning yellow and blue. After the World War II, the club struggled to survive and mainly played at the level of the third and fourth tiers, then in the middle of the 2000s promoted back in the Liga III, where it remained until in the early 2010s, under the ownership of Sandu Ion. Finally, the club went bankrupt in 2014, but was re-founded in the spring of 2021 by a group of persons who owned the brand of Gloria Arad.

The best achievement in the history of the "yellow and blues" was a top-flight second place at the end of the 1929–30 season.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Conservatoire du Bégonia
The Conservatoire du Bégonia (1,000 m2) is a botanical garden specializing in begonias. It is located at 1 rue Charles Plumier, Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, and open for guided tours several days per week in early spring and late fall; an admission fee is charged.

Begonia
Begonia  is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae. The genus contains more than 2,000 different plant species, distributed primarily across tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Central and South America, with Africa considered the center of origin. Some species are commonly grown indoors as ornamental houseplants in cooler climates, or cultivated outside in summertime for their bright colorful flowers, which have petals but no sepals.
Departmental Council of Val-de-Marne
The Departmental Council of Val-de-Marne (French: Conseil Départemental du Val-de-Marne) is the deliberative assembly of the Val-de-Marne department in the region of Île-de-France. It consists of 50 members (general councilors) from 25 cantons and its headquarters are in Créteil.

The President of the General Council is Olivier Capitanio.

Val-de-Marne
Val-de-Marne (French pronunciation: [val də maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Vale of Marne') is a department of France located in the Île-de-France region. Named after the river Marne, it is situated in the Grand Paris metropolis to the southeast of Paris’ city centre. In 2019, Val-de-Marne had a population of 1,407,124.

Its INSEE and postcode number is 94.
Joy Jorgensen
Lauren Joy Jorgensen, (born c. 1989) is an American producer, director, writer and former actress. She is known for playing Danielle Van de Kamp on the ABC comedy-drama series Desperate Housewives (as Joy Lauren) and, as an adult, for creating award-winning films. Jorgensen is a Sundance and Rotterdam Producing Fellow, Torino Film Lab Script Editing Fellow, a recipient of the 2022 NYC Women's Fund for Media, Music and Theatre in partnership with the City of New York, and a 2024 Ingmar Bergman Estate Foundation Resident. Jorgensen is the founder of Killjoy Films.

TorinoFilmLab
TorinoFilmLab (TFL) is a Turin-based laboratory that primarily supports persons working on their first and second fiction feature films. Its four main fields of involvement are training, development, funding and distribution.

TorinoFilmLab runs several projects in each of these fields every year.  They end at the TFL Meeting Event in November during the Torino Film Festival, when participants of the different programmes present their work to a selected group of producers, sales agents, distributors and other professionals in independent filmmaking.
Liam Fray
Liam James Fray (born 15 May 1985) is an English musician, singer, songwriter and lyricist, best known as the founder and frontman of Manchester-based indie rock band Courteeners, which was formed in 2006. Fray hails from Middleton, Greater Manchester and he references his hometown in multiple songs.

Stephen Fretwell
Stephen Fretwell (born 10 November 1981) is an English singer-songwriter. He has released four studio albums and is often compared with acts such as Bob Dylan, Fred Neil, and Tim Buckley. Though receiving critical success, Fretwell has enjoyed little commercial success. His music has been described as folk rock, a genre combining mainstream rock and pop with American folk music and poetic or introspective lyrics. His song "Run" (2005) was used as the theme song of the BBC sitcom Gavin & Stacey.
Alstroemerieae
Alstroemerieae is the name of a tribe of monocotyledonous, herbaceous, perennial plants belonging to the Alstroemeriaceae family. They are native to Central and South America. They have very vivid flowers, relatively large and of various colors. Because of the beauty of their flowers, they are often used as ornamental plants and, especially, as cut flowers.

The tribe consists of around 230 species distributed in two genera: Bomarea and Alstroemeria. Until a few years ago, this family was considered part of a broad circumscription of the Liliaceae, but DNA molecular analyses and phylogenetic analyses based on both molecular data as well as morphology and anatomy, have shown that they belong to a separate family.

Bomarea
Bomarea is one of the two major genera in the plant family Alstroemeriaceae. Most occur in the Andes, but some occur well into Central America, Mexico and the West Indies. Some species are grown as ornamental plants.
Numbers: The Universal Language
Numbers: The Universal Language (French: L'empire des nombres, lit. 'The Empire of Numbers') is a 1996 illustrated monograph on numbers and their history. Written by the French historian of science Denis Guedj, and published in pocket format by Éditions Gallimard as the 300th volume in their "Découvertes" collection (known as "Abrams Discoveries" in the United States, and "New Horizons" in the United Kingdom). The book was adapted into a documentary film of the same title in 2001.

Livre d'art
Livres d'art (French for art books or books of art), otherwise referred to as livres de galerie (French for gallery books), are books in which the illustration holds a predominant place in relation to the text. They often require high quality papers as they belong in the category of high quality publications.
SS Valencia
SS Valencia was an iron-hulled passenger steamer built for the Red D Line for service between Venezuela and New York City. She was built in 1882 by William Cramp and Sons, one year after the construction of her sister ship Caracas. She was a 1,598-ton vessel (originally 1,200 tons), 252 feet (77 m) in length. In 1897, Valencia was deliberately attacked by the Spanish cruiser Reina Mercedes off Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. The next year, she became a coastal passenger liner on the U.S. West Coast and served periodically in the Spanish–American War as a troopship to the Philippines. Valencia was wrecked off Cape Beale, which is near Clo-oose, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, on 22 January 1906. As her sinking killed 100 people (including all of the women and children aboard), some classify the wreck of Valencia as the worst maritime disaster in the "Graveyard of the Pacific", a famously treacherous area off the southwest coast of Vancouver Island.

Guantánamo Bay
Guantánamo Bay (Spanish: Bahía de Guantánamo, [baˈia ðe ɣwãnˈtanamo]) is a bay in Guantánamo Province at the southeastern end of Cuba. It is the largest harbor on the south side of the island and it is surrounded by steep hills which create an enclave that is cut off from its immediate hinterland.

The United States assumed territorial control over the southern portion of Guantánamo Bay under the 1903 Lease. The United States exercises jurisdiction and control over this territory as the home of the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, while recognizing that Cuba retains ultimate sovereignty.
Béla Illés
Béla Illés (Hungarian: [ˈbeːlɒ ˈilleːʃ]; born 27 April 1968 in Sárvár, Hungary) is a retired Hungarian football player who has spent most of his career playing for MTK Hungária FC.  He is considered to be the greatest Hungarian footballer of the 1990s.

He was only 19 when Haladás VSE made a move for him during the 1986–1987 season and he made his debut to the NB1 against Tatabánya on 19 October 1986.

He is currently the chairman and part-owner of Szombathelyi Haladás VSE.

Szombathelyi Haladás
Szombathelyi Haladás (Hungarian: [ˈsombɒthɛji ˈhɒlɒdaːʃ]), is a Hungarian football club based in Szombathely. Haladás is the Hungarian word for progress. The club, which was founded in 1919, plays its home games at the Haladás Sportkomplexum which has a capacity of 8,903. The club colours are green and white.

Haladás reached the Hungarian Cup final in the years 1975, 1993 and 2002. Since its first promotion in 1936 the club has spent 51 seasons in the first division of the Hungarian league, the Nemzeti Bajnokság I (NB I).
Stuart Taylor (footballer, born 1980)
Stuart James Taylor (born 28 November 1980) is an English former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Taylor began his career with Arsenal, winning the 2001–02 Premier League and 2002–03 FA Cup and representing England at under-16, under-18, under-20 and under-21 level. He was spoken of as a future replacement for Arsenal and England goalkeeper David Seaman but after other goalkeepers were signed, he struggled to get playing time after 2003 and he joined Aston Villa in 2005.

Initially second-choice behind Thomas Sørensen, Taylor was again supplanted by other keepers and pushed down the pecking order. He left Aston Villa in 2009, having played only 12 league matches in four seasons. He then joined Manchester City, before spells at Reading, Leeds United and Southampton. Taylor spent most of his career as a third-choice goalkeeper, only making 95 career appearances. He currently runs his own goalkeeping academy.

2001–02 FA Premier League
The 2001–02 FA Premier League (known as the FA Barclaycard Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the tenth season of the competition. It began with a new sponsor, Barclaycard, and was titled the FA Barclaycard Premiership, replacing the previous sponsor, Carling. The title race turned into a battle among four sides – Arsenal, Manchester United, Liverpool and Newcastle United.

Arsenal clinched the title on 8 May 2002 after a convincing win against Manchester United at Old Trafford, in the penultimate game of the season. This new attacking Arsenal side had won the FA Cup five days before and made history by accomplishing their third double, their second under the reign of Arsène Wenger, who showed his commitment by signing a new four-year deal with Arsenal.

The season started on 18 August 2001 and ended on 11 May 2002.
Zach Shaw
Zachary Shaw (born December 10, 1990) is an American football coach. He is the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach for Saint Vincent College, positions he has held since 2025. He was the head football coach for Fitchburg State University in 2023. He played college football for Wisconsin Lutheran and played professionally in Europe for the Søllerød Gold Diggers, Elancourt Templiers, Potsdam Royals, and Winterthur Warriors. He also coached for Mesabi Range, Wisconsin Lutheran, Nichols, Hiram, Elmhurst, and Manchester.

Manchester University (Indiana)
Manchester University (formerly Manchester College) is a private liberal arts university associated with the Church of the Brethren and two locations, a residential campus in North Manchester, Indiana, and a second location in Fort Wayne, Indiana, which hosts the university's doctorate programs in pharmacy; master's programs in pharmacogenomics, athletic training, and nutrition and nutrigenomics; and an accelerated second degree program in nursing. Total enrollment is approximately 1,200 students.
Freedom and constraint topologies
Freedom and constraint topologies (a.k.a., freedom, actuation, and constraint topologies; or simply FACT)  is a mechanical design framework developed by Dr. Jonathan B. Hopkins. The framework offers a library of vector spaces with visual representations to guide the analysis and synthesis of flexible systems. Flexible systems are devices, mechanisms, or structures that deform to achieve desired motion such as compliant mechanisms, flexures, soft robots, and mechanical metamaterials.

Jonathan B. Hopkins
Jonathan Brigham Hopkins is a professor of mechanical engineering at UCLA where he serves as Director of the Flexible Research Group and Vice-Chair for Graduate Affairs. Hopkins created the Freedom and Constraint Topologies (F.A.C.T.) system of mechanical design, especially for the design of compliant mechanisms.
Joint Intelligence Group
The Joint Intelligence Group (JIG) is the national intelligence community of Antigua and Barbuda. It was established by a memorandum of understanding to streamline the sharing of intelligence through various agencies responsible for the national security of Antigua and Barbuda. Member organisations include various intelligence agencies, law enforcement agencies, and other national security stakeholders.

National security of Antigua and Barbuda
The national security of Antigua and Barbuda is the collaboration of numerous institutions, including law enforcement, military, paramilitary, governmental, and intelligence agencies that seek to ensure Antigua and Barbuda's national security.
William Henry Smith (1825–1891)
William Henry Smith, FRS (24 June 1825 – 6 October 1891) was an English bookseller and newsagent of the family firm W H Smith, who expanded the firm and introduced the practice of selling books and newspapers at railway stations. He was elected a Member of Parliament in 1868 and rose to the position of First Lord of the Admiralty less than ten years later. Because of his lack of naval experience, he was perceived as a model for the character Sir Joseph Porter in H.M.S. Pinafore (and consequently nicknamed Pinafore Smith). In the mid-1880s, he was twice Secretary of State for War, and later First Lord of the Treasury and Leader of the House of Commons, among other posts.

First Lord of the Treasury
The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom. Traditional convention holds that the office of First Lord is held by the Prime Minister. 10 Downing Street is technically the official home of the First Lord, although it is now entirely associated with the Prime Minister's office. The office is not the United Kingdom's finance minister; this role is instead held by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who is the Second Lord of the Treasury.
Antoniny Palace
49°48′31″N 26°52′16″E﻿ / ﻿49.80861°N 26.87111°E﻿ / 49.80861; 26.87111

Antoniny Palace (Ukrainian: Антонінський палац) was a palace of the noble Sanguszko and Potocki families in Antoniny, Ukraine. It was destroyed during the Russian Civil War in August 1919. Today the park and various service buildings remain, such as the stables.

Potocki family
The House of Potocki (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈtɔt͡skʲi]; plural: Potoccy, male: Potocki, feminine: Potocka) was a prominent Polish noble family in the Kingdom of Poland and magnates of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Potocki family is one of the wealthiest and most powerful aristocratic families in Poland.
Santhiya
Santhiya or Santhya (Gurmukhi: ਸੰਥਿਆ, romanized: Sathi'ā; 'elocution') is the correct pronunciation (ucharan) of Gurbani, taught in the manner of the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. It is comparable to the Islamic tajwid. Santhiya is almost always taught via a giani (also known as an Ustadh or Gurdev), who then teaches a vidyarthi (student). Educated vidyarthis can also teach other Sikhs santhiya. It involves the precise recitation and flow (rhythm) of the Gurbani (Sikh scripture) that is being recited. Color codes to stop and pause, known as vishraams, are commonly used to dictate the flow and rhythm of the recitation. Gurbani which is recited by a person who has taken santhiya is known as "shudh ucharan" (Gurmukhi: ਸੁਧ ਉਚਾਰਨ)

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.
Skudeneshavn
Skudeneshavnⓘ (also known as simply Skudenes) is a town in Karmøy municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  It is located on the southernmost tip of the island of Karmøy at the entrance to the Boknafjorden and Karmsundet strait. The town is part of the traditional district of Haugaland. The town was an independent municipality due to its status as a ladested from 1858 until 1965.

The 2.54-square-kilometre (630-acre) town has a population (2019) of 3,334 and a population density of 1,313 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,400/sq mi). This makes Skudeneshavn one of the smallest towns in Norway (Kolvereid, with 1,470 inhabitants is the smallest). In 1990, it won second prize in NORTRA's competition for Norway's Best Preserved Small Town.

Kjøpstad
A kjøpstad (historically kjøbstad, kjöbstad, or kaupstad, from Old Norse: kaupstaðr) is an old Scandinavian term for a "market town" in Denmark–Norway for several hundred years. Kjøpstads were places of trade and exporting materials (e.g. timber, flour, iron and other common goods). Towns were given the "dignity" or rank of being referred to as a kjøpstad when they reached a certain population. They had an established means of industry and other notable items, such as dockyards, steam mills, forges, churches, and grammar schools. The citizens of a kjøpstad could buy and sell goods and conduct other economic activities.
Ardices curvata
Ardices curvata, the crimson tiger moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was first described by Edward Donovan in 1805 and it is found in Australia. The species was formerly included in Spilosoma, but later generic status of Ardices was proved by Vladimir Viktorovitch Dubatolov (2005).

The larvae feed on Taraxacum officinale, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pelargonium zonale and Tropaeolum majus.

Edward Donovan
Edward Donovan (1768 – 1 February 1837) was an Anglo-Irish writer, natural history illustrator, and amateur zoologist. He did not travel, but collected, described and illustrated many species based on the collections of other naturalists. His many books were successful in his time. He died penniless in 1837 leaving a large family destitute.
Marquess of Marismas del Guadalquivir
Marquess of Marismas del Guadalquivir (Spanish: Marqués de las Marismas del Guadalquivir) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, granted in 1829 by Ferdinand VII to Alejandro María Aguado, an important merchant banker.

At the death with not descendants of the 4th Marquess in 1894, the title became extinct until it was rehabilitated by Alfonso XIII in 1919 on behalf of María de la Concepción Kirkpatrick, a direct descendant of the 1st Marquess' grandmother.

The title derives its territorial designation from the Guadalquivir Marshes between the provinces of Huelva, Seville and Cádiz.

Spanish nobility
The Spanish nobility are people who possess a title of nobility confirmed by the Spanish Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes, as well as those individuals appointed to one of Spain's three highest orders of knighthood: the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Order of Charles III and the Order of Isabella the Catholic. Some members of the Spanish nobility possess various titles that may be inherited or not, but the creation and recognition of titles is legally the prerogative of the monarchy of Spain.

Many Spanish titles and noble families still exist and many have transmitted their aristocratic status since the Middle Ages. Some aristocratic families in Spain use the nobiliary particle de before their family name, although this was more prominent before the 20th century.
Abu Shusha
Abu Shusha (Arabic: أبو شوشة) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict of Mandatory Palestine, located 8 km southeast of Ramle. It was ethnically cleansed in May 1948.

Abu Shusha was located on the slope of Tell Jezer/Tell el-Jazari, which is commonly identified with the ancient city of Gezer.
In April–May 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Abu Shusha was attacked several times. The final assault began on May 13, one day prior to Israel's declaration of independence. Abu Shusha residents attempted to defend the village, but the village was occupied on May 14. The civilians who had not already fled or been killed were expelled by May 21. With their descendants, they numbered about 6,198 in 1998.

Ramle Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Ramle Subdistrict was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was part of Lydda District of the British Mandate of Palestine. The sub-district's main city was Ramle. Its total population in 1944 was estimated at 123,490, of which 88,560 were Muslims; 29,420 were Jews; and 5,500 were Christians. A number of Palestinian Arab villages in the subdistrict were ethnically cleansed during the Nakba, both by Zionist forces prior to the Israeli declaration of independence and after by Israeli forces. Following the war the area that had made up Ramla Subdistrict became a part of Israel's Central District, being mostly subdivided between a newly created Ramla Subdistrict and Rehovot Subdistrict.
Climate Impacts Research Centre
68°21′16″N 18°48′56″E﻿ / ﻿68.35444°N 18.81556°E﻿ / 68.35444; 18.81556

Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC) is a research institute based at the Department of ecology and environmental science (EMG) at Umeå University, Sweden, but primarily operative at Abisko Scientific Research Station which is run by the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat.

Swedish Polar Research Secretariat
The Swedish Polar Research Secretariat (Swedish: Polarforskningssekretariatet) is a government agency in charge of coordinating and promoting Swedish polar research activities. It is located in Stockholm, has more than 30 employees, and serves under the Ministry of Education and Research.
Georgy Gause
Georgy Frantsevich Gause (Russian: Гео́ргий Фра́нцевич Га́узе; December 27, 1910 – May 2, 1986), was a Soviet and Russian biologist and evolutionist, who proposed the competitive exclusion principle, fundamental to the science of ecology. Classic of ecology, he would devote most of his later life to the research of antibiotics.

Vladimir Vernadsky
Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky (Russian: Владимир Иванович Вернадский), also spelt Volodymyr Ivanovych Vernadsky (Ukrainian: Володимир Іванович Вернадський; 12 March [O.S. 28 February] 1863 – 6 January 1945), was a Russian, Ukrainian, and Soviet mineralogist and geochemist who is considered one of the founders of geochemistry, biogeochemistry, and radiogeology. He was one of the founders and the first president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (now National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine). Vladimir Vernadsky is most noted for his 1926 book The Biosphere in which he inadvertently worked to popularize Eduard Suess's 1875 term biosphere, by hypothesizing that life is the geological force that shapes the earth. In 1943 he was awarded the Stalin Prize. Vernadsky's portrait is depicted on the Ukrainian ₴1,000 hryvnia banknote.