hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arshwin Asjes
Arshwin G. Asjes (born 19 September 1985 in Willemstad, Curacao) is a Dutch baseball player who played for the Netherlands national baseball team at the 2009 Baseball World Cup, 2011 Baseball World Cup, 2014 France International Baseball Tournament, and  2014 European Baseball Championship.

Willemstad
Willemstad (/ˈwɪləmstɑːt, ˈvɪl-/ WIL-əm-staht, VIL-; Dutch: [ˈʋɪləmstɑt]; Papiamento: [wiləmˈstad]) is the capital and largest city of Curaçao, an island in the southern Caribbean Sea that is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was the capital of the Netherlands Antilles prior to that entity's dissolution in 2010. The city counts to have around 90% of Curaçao's population, with 136,660 inhabitants as of 2011. The historic centre of the city consists of four quarters: the Punda and Otrobanda, which are separated by the Sint Anna Bay, an inlet that leads into the large natural harbour called the Schottegat, as well as the Scharloo and Pietermaai Smal quarters, which are across from each other on the smaller Waaigat harbour. Willemstad is home to the Curaçao synagogue, the oldest surviving synagogue in the Americas. The city centre, with its unique architecture and harbour entry, has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Gmina Kościelec
Gmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Koło and 116 km (72 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 105.9 square kilometres (40.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667.

Koło
Koło (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkɔwɔ] ⓘ) is a town on the Warta River in central Poland with 23,101 inhabitants (2006). It is situated in the Greater Poland Voivodship and it is the capital of Koło County.
The Dreamstone (novel)
The Dreamstone is a 1983 fantasy novel by American writer C. J. Cherryh. It includes revisions of the author's 1979 short story "The Dreamstone" (Amazons!, ed. Jessica Amanda Salmonson) and her 1981 novella Ealdwood, plus additional material. The book is the first of two novels in Cherryh's Ealdwood Stories series, the second being The Tree of Swords and Jewels. The series draws on Celtic mythology and is about Ealdwood, a forest at the edge of Faery, and Arafel, a Daoine Sidhe.

The Dreamstone was first published in 1983 as a paperback edition by DAW Books, and featured cover art by Cherryh's brother, David A. Cherry. The Dreamstone and The Tree of Swords and Jewels were later republished in three omnibuses:

Arafel's Saga (1983, DAW Books)

Ealdwood (1991, Victor Gollancz) – includes revisions and a new ending

The Dreaming Tree (1997, DAW Books) – includes the revisions and new ending of Ealdwood (1991)

Aos Sí
The aos sí (pronounced [iːsˠ ˈʃiː]; English approximation: /iːs ˈʃiː/ eess SHEE; older form: aes sídhe, áes sídhe [eːsˠ ˈʃiːə]) is a supernatural race in Irish folklore, similar to elves. They are said to descend from the Tuatha Dé Danann or the gods of Irish mythology.

The name aos sí means "folk of the sí"; these are the burial mounds in which they are said to dwell, which are seen as portals to an Otherworld. Such abodes are referred to in English as 'shee', 'fairy mounds', 'elf mounds' or 'hollow hills'. The aos sí interact with humans and the human world. They are variously said to be the ancestors, the spirits of nature, or goddesses and gods.

In modern Irish, they are also called daoine sidhe (daoine sídhe) or daoine sí; in Scottish Gaelic daoine sìth ('folk of the fairy mounds').
Nishinari-ku, Osaka
Nishinari-ku (西成区) is one of the 24 wards of Osaka, and among the poorest territories in Japan. It lies directly south of the Namba transport hub and extends further south toward Sumiyoshi Park. It is served by the Nankai Railway lines as well as the Yotsubashi and Sakaisuji subway lines. Nishinari-ku is also home to a number of shitamachi ("lower-town") shopping streets, named "shōtengai". Kamagasaki in Nishinari-ku is home to many day-laborers and most of the homeless people in Osaka.

Yotsubashi Line
The Yotsubashi Line (四つ橋線, Yotsubashi-sen) is an underground rapid transit line in Osaka, Japan, operated by Osaka Metro. The line connects Umeda, Hommachi, Yotsubashi, Namba, Daikokuchō and Suminoe, and runs parallel to the Midōsuji Line from Daikokuchō to Nishi-Umeda.

Despite being the system's second line to open, its official name is Rapid Electric Tramway Line No. 3  (高速電気軌道第3号線), while the Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau refers to it as Osaka City Rapid Railway Line No. 3 (大阪市高速鉄道第3号線), and in Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport publications, it is written as Line No. 3 (Yotsubashi Line) (3号線（四つ橋線）). Station numbers are indicated by the letter Y.
Chromium deficiency
Chromium deficiency is described as the consequence of an insufficient dietary intake of the mineral chromium. Chromium was first proposed as an essential element for normal glucose metabolism in 1959, but its biological function has not been identified. Cases of deficiency were described in people who received all of their nutrition intravenously for long periods of time.

The essentiality of chromium has been challenged. Whereas the authorities in the European Union do not recognize chromium as an essential nutrient, those in the United States do, and identify an adequate intake for adults as between 25 and 45 μg/day, depending on age and sex. Dietary supplements containing chromium are widely available in the United States, with claims for benefits for fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1C and weight loss. Reviews report the changes as modest, and without scientific consensus that the changes have a clinically relevant impact.

Parenteral nutrition
Parenteral nutrition (PN), or intravenous feeding, is the feeding of nutritional products to a person intravenously, bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The products are made by pharmaceutical compounding entities or standard pharmaceutical companies. The person receives a nutritional mix according to a formula including glucose, salts, amino acids, lipids and vitamins and dietary minerals. It is called total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or total nutrient admixture (TNA) when no significant nutrition is obtained by other routes, and partial parenteral nutrition (PPN) when nutrition is also partially enteric. It is called peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) when administered through vein access in a limb rather than through a central vein as in central venous nutrition (CVN).
Charles Fenton Collier
Charles Fenton Collier (1828 – June 29, 1899) was a Virginia lawyer and American politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates representing first Prince George County then his native Petersburg before the American Civil War, then in the Confederate States House of Representatives and afterward twice became Petersburg's mayor.

In 1899, Collier shot himself in the head within his home. According to a news report by The New York Times, he was suffering from insomnia and melancholia at the time of his death. Collier's mentor Edmund Ruffin had previously committed suicide by gunshot.

Prince George County, Virginia
Prince George County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,010. Its county seat is Prince George.

Prince George County is located within the Greater Richmond Region of the U.S. state of Virginia.
The Backup Dan
"The Backup Dan" is the fourteenth episode of the fifth season of the American television teen drama, Gossip Girl and the show's 101st episode overall. The episode was written by Matt Whitney and directed by David Warren. It premiered on The CW in the United States on February 6, 2012.

The episode received mixed reviews, with critics praising the scenes between Penn Badgley's Dan Humphrey and Leighton Meester's Blair Waldorf as entertaining but noting the uncomfortable pattern of Blair continuing to be bought and sold by her love interests.

The episode was viewed by 1.25 million people and earned a 0.6/2 Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic.

Penn Badgley
Penn Dayton Badgley (born November 1, 1986) is an American actor and producer. He is known for his roles as Dan Humphrey in The CW teen drama series Gossip Girl (2007–2012) and Joe Goldberg in the Netflix psychological thriller series You (2018–2025).

Badgley came to prominence playing Phillip Chancellor IV on the soap opera The Young and the Restless (2000–2001). He featured in the comedy films John Tucker Must Die (2006), Drive-Thru (2007) and Easy A (2010), the thriller films The Stepfather (2009) and Margin Call (2011), the biographical film Greetings from Tim Buckley (2012), and the drama film The Paper Store (2016).
Charles Felix Smith
Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Felix Smith KCB (1786 – 1858), was an officer of the British Royal Engineers, of which he was colonel-commandant from 1856. He was acting Governor of Trinidad in 1828, 1830, and 1831; acting Governor of Demerara and of Berbice in 1833; acting Governor of St. Lucia in 1834; and acting Governor of Gibraltar in 1838. He received the Orders of Carlos III and of San Fernando of Spain in 1814, and the Ottoman Order of Glory in 1841.

Order of Glory (Ottoman Empire)
The Order of Glory (Ottoman Turkish: نشانِ افتخار, Nişân-ı iftihâr) was the second highest-ranking chivalric order of the Ottoman Empire, and was founded on 19 August 1831 by Sultan Mahmud II.

The Order of Glory was not made obsolete by the institution of the Order of the Medjidie in 1851, but continued to be awarded during the reign of Abdul Hamid II.

A chapter of the Ottoman Order of Glory was instituted in Tunisia in 1835 as the Order of Glory (Tunisia) by Mustafa ibn Mahmud, the Bey of Tunis.
Gonalston
Gonalston is a small village in Nottinghamshire lying 
just to the north-east of Lowdham and almost upon the A612 trunk road that runs from Nottingham to Southwell. Gonalston comprises 1,096 acres (4.44 km2; 1.713 sq mi) of arable and pasture land in about equal portions, interspersed with 106 acres (0.43 km2) of wood and plantations. It lies on a small river called the Dover Beck which separates the village from Lowdham and which flows south-east into the River Trent 2 miles (3.2 km) away. Population for the 2021 census was 83 residents.

Lowdham
Lowdham /ˈlaʊdəm/ is a village and civil parish in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire between Nottingham and Southwell. According to the 2021 census, it had a population of 3,247. Two main roads slicing through the village are the A6097 south-east to north-west and the A612 between Nottingham and Southwell.
Ruth R. Benerito
Ruth Mary Rogan Benerito (January 12, 1916 – October 5, 2013) was an American physical chemist and inventor known for her impactful work related to the textile industry. She notably contributed to the development of wash-and-wear cotton fabrics using a technique called cross-linking, which strengthens the hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules of cotton fibers. She held 55 patents.

Cross-link
In chemistry and biology, a cross-link is a bond or a short sequence of bonds that links one polymer chain to another. These links may take the form of covalent bonds or ionic bonds and the polymers can be either synthetic polymers or natural polymers (such as proteins).

In polymer chemistry "cross-linking" usually refers to the use of cross-links to promote a change in the polymers' physical properties.

When "crosslinking" is used in the biological field, it refers to the use of a probe to link proteins together to check for protein–protein interactions, as well as other creative cross-linking methodologies.

Although the term is used to refer to the "linking of polymer chains" for both sciences, the extent of crosslinking and specificities of the crosslinking agents vary greatly.
Boolean ring
In mathematics, a Boolean ring R is a ring for which x2 = x for all x in R, that is, a ring that consists of only idempotent elements. An example is the ring of integers modulo 2.

Every Boolean ring gives rise to a Boolean algebra, with ring multiplication corresponding to conjunction or meet ∧, and ring addition to exclusive disjunction or symmetric difference (not disjunction ∨, which would constitute a semiring).  Conversely, every Boolean algebra gives rise to a Boolean ring.  Boolean rings are named after the founder of Boolean algebra, George Boole.

Exclusive or
Exclusive or, exclusive disjunction, exclusive alternation, logical non-equivalence, or logical inequality is a logical operator whose negation is the logical biconditional. With two inputs, XOR is true if and only if the inputs differ (one is true, one is false). With multiple inputs, XOR is true if and only if the number of true inputs is odd.

It gains the name "exclusive or" because the meaning of "or" is ambiguous when both operands are true. XOR excludes that case. Some informal ways of describing XOR are "one or the other but not both", "either one or the other", and "A or B, but not A and B".

It is symbolized by the prefix operator : 16  and by the infix operators XOR (/ˌɛks ˈɔːr/, /ˌɛks ˈɔː/, /ˈksɔːr/ or /ˈksɔː/), EOR, EXOR, , , , ⩛, , , and .
WTSN-CD
WTSN-CD (channel 20) is a low-power, Class A television station in Evansville, Indiana, United States, affiliated with Antenna TV. The station is owned by Three Sisters Broadcasting alongside Telemundo affiliate WYYW-CD (channel 15).

Antenna TV
Antenna TV is an American digital television network owned by Nexstar Media Group. The network's programming consists of classic television series, primarily sitcoms, from the 1960s to the early 2000s. Antenna TV's programming and advertising operations are headquartered in the WGN-TV studios in Chicago. The network's operations are overseen by Sean Compton, who serves as the president of networks for Nexstar.

The network is available in many media markets via the digital subchannels of over-the-air television stations, and on select cable television providers through a local affiliate of the network and IPTV. However, as of 2025, it is not available on any streaming service with the network's owner, Nexstar not interested in this platform.
Antenna TV broadcasts 24 hours a day in either 480i standard definition or 720p high definition depending on market.
Dimash Qudaibergen
Dınmūhammed Qanatūly Qūdaibergen (born 24 May 1994), known professionally as Dimash Qudaibergen and mononymously as Dimash (/dɪˈmɑːʃ/ dih-MAHSH), is a Kazakh singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. He is university-trained in classical as well as contemporary music, and is known for his exceptionally wide vocal range. He has performed songs in 16 languages.

Although offered a position at the Astana Opera, he decided to carve out his career in contemporary music, mixing classical elements and traditional Kazakh music with pop music.

He gained significant popularity in Kazakhstan and other post-Soviet countries in 2015 upon becoming the Grand Prix winner of Slavianski Bazaar in Vitebsk, Belarus. He rose to fame in China with his participation as a "wildcard competitor" in Hunan TV's Singer 2017 (Chinese: 歌手2017), finishing second overall.

Hunan Television
Hunan Television (Chinese: 湖南卫视; pinyin: Húnán Wèishì) is a Chinese provincial satellite television station based in Changsha, Hunan province. Launched on September 29, 1970 and often nicknamed the "mango channel" (Chinese: 芒果台, due to the station's current logo), it is currently China's second-most-watched television channel, second to China Central Television's CCTV-1, although Hunan TV has occasionally overtaken CCTV-1 in ratings.

Owned by Hunan Broadcasting System, Hunan TV's signal covers most of China, including Macau, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.  It is also broadcast overseas as Hunan STV World in Japan, India, Nepal, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Tajikistan, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Fiji, Australia,  and parts of Africa, the Americas, and Europe. The channel has broadcast in high-definition since September 28, 2009. The appearance of its logo has resulted in the nickname of Mango TV.
Thrithala Assembly constituency
Thrithala State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India.It is one of the two assembly constituencies included in Pattambi Taluk, Palakkad District.It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Ponnani Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Assembly elections, the current MLA is M. B. Rajesh of Communist Party of India (Marxist).

Kerala Legislative Assembly
The Kerala Legislative Assembly, popularly known as the Kerala Niyamasabha, is the State Assembly of Kerala, one of the 28 states in India. The Assembly is formed by 140 elected representatives, one from each of the 140 constituencies within the borders of Kerala, referred to as Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
James Wallace (English footballer)
James Robert Wallace (born 19 December 1991) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder. He is the current chief scout at Preston North End. He started his career at Everton's youth academy aged 13, and progressed through the club's youth system before playing regularly for the reserve side. Following a string of loans to Bury, Stockport County, Shrewsbury Town, Stevenage and Tranmere Rovers, he eventually left Everton without playing a league game, joining Tranmere on a permanent basis in 2012 and then Sheffield United in 2014. Born in Liverpool, Wallace has represented England at under-19 and under-20 level, despite having represented the Republic of Ireland at under-16 level.

England national under-20 football team
England national under-20 football team, also known as England Under-20s or England U20(s), represents England in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.

England were champions of the FIFA U-20 World Cup, after defeating Venezuela in the final of the 2017 tournament.

From October 2023, the squad was rebranded as the England Men's Elite League Squad to reflect their participation in the Under 20 Elite League. This reverted back to England U20s in August 2025.
No. 3 Elementary Flying Training School RAAF
No. 3 Elementary Flying Training School (No. 3 EFTS) was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) pilot training unit that operated during World War II. It was one of twelve elementary flying training schools employed by the RAAF to provide introductory flight instruction to new pilots as part of Australia's contribution to the Empire Air Training Scheme. No. 3 EFTS was established in January 1940 at Essendon, Victoria, and initially included a significant proportion of civilian staff and private aircraft; by mid-year these had been largely integrated into the military. The school was disbanded in May 1942, its aircraft and instructional staff having been transferred to No. 11 Elementary Flying School at Benalla.

Essendon Fields Airport
Essendon Fields Airport (IATA: MEB, ICAO: YMEN), formerly Essendon Airport, is a 305 ha (750 acres) public airport serving scheduled commercial, corporate-jet, charter and general aviation flights. Located in the north western suburb of Essendon Fields, it is Melbourne's second largest airport and the closest to the city's centre. From its construction in 1921 until 1970 it served as Melbourne's main airport, but was replaced by Tullamarine Airport (now Melbourne Airport).
Trey McKenney
John "Trey" McKenney III (born September 6, 2006) is an American college basketball player for the Michigan Wolverines. He represented the United States national team at the 2024 FIBA Under-18 AmeriCup, winning a gold medal. In 2024, McKenney also won a Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) state championship with St. Mary's Preparatory. In 2025, he was the Michigan Associated Press (AP) Division 1 Player of the Year for a third consecutive season, a McDonald's All-American and Mr. Basketball of Michigan.

St. Mary's Preparatory
St. Mary's Preparatory, often referred to as Orchard Lake St. Mary's (OLSM) or St. Mary's Prep, is a Catholic college preparatory school located in Orchard Lake Village, Michigan. The school's stated core values are "God, Family, St. Mary's." St. Mary's classes are taught in a co-divisional education model and the school offers both day school and boarding school programs
Chase B
Chase Benjamin (born May 11, 1990), known professionally as Chase B (stylized in all caps), is an American DJ and record producer. He is currently signed to fellow Houston native Travis Scott's record label, Cactus Jack Records and Artist Partner Group, and serves as a live DJ for him. He has also produced multiple songs for Scott and fellow Houston native and Cactus Jack signee Don Toliver. He has also collaborated with other notable artists, such as fellow rapper Sheck Wes, and rappers Young Thug, Gunna, Quavo, and Ty Dolla Sign, among others. Chase B has produced all his singles, and in addition to that, he has also produced "Franchise" by Scott featuring Young Thug and M.I.A. and "Xscape" by Toliver. He also runs a radio show with Scott called .WAV Radio, where the two play some of their favorite songs as well as unreleased music by both Cactus Jack artists and other artists.

Sheck Wes
Khadimou Rassoul Cheikh Fall (born September 10, 1998), known professionally as Sheck Wes, is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He is best known for his 2018 single "Mo Bamba", which went viral and peaked at #6 on the Billboard Hot 100.

In February 2018, Wes signed a recording contract with Travis Scott's Cactus Jack and Kanye West's GOOD Music, in a joint venture with Interscope Records.
R-2 Mala-class swimmer delivery vehicle
The R-2 Mala is a class of swimmer delivery vehicles (SDVs) built for the Yugoslav, and later on,  Croatian Navy. The two man wet SDVs are used for transporting naval commandos into hostile waters where they would perform sabotage on enemy warships and coastal installations. Weapons at their disposal included limpet mines.

With the start of the Croatian War of Independence SDVs in service with the Yugoslav Navy were relocated to FR Yugoslavia. Two new vehicles were completed for the Croatian Navy during the 1990s while a small number these vehicles were also exported to Syria and Sweden before the war.

Wet sub
A wet sub is a type of underwater vehicle, either a submarine or a submersible, that does not provide a dry environment for its occupants. It is also described as an underwater vehicle where occupants are exposed to ambient environment during operations. The watercraft is classified as medium-sized or small vessel. This type of submarine differs from other underwater personal transport devices by the fact that it has a hull around it and it is not a "bare bones" design.

Usually, scuba divers ride outside the device as one would ride a motorcycle or in a semi-enclosed opening like a kayak or bobsled, although it can be designed to fully enclose its occupant(s) to reduce drag. An enclosed vehicle may also provide a dry viewing chamber for the occupant(s). The sub is generally propelled by an electric motor and is battery powered. The depth and endurance is typically limited by the requirements of the divers, particularly water temperature and breathable air.
Taipei Zoo station
Taipei Zoo station is a terminus on the Wenhu line and Maokong Gondola Line of the Taipei Metro, and the planned Circular line of the New Taipei Metro. It is located in the Wenshan District, Taipei, Taiwan.

Maokong Gondola
The Maokong Gondola (traditional Chinese: 貓空纜車; simplified Chinese: 猫空缆车; pinyin: Māokōng Lǎnchē) is a gondola lift transportation system in Taipei, Taiwan. It is operated by the Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation and integrated with its fare system. Opened on 4 July 2007, the Maokong Gondola operates between Taipei Zoo and Maokong over a distance of 4.03 km (2.50 mi) with four stations and two angle stations. The gondola was constructed by the French company Poma.