hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Léon Lippens (naturalist)
Count Léon Anne Marie Ghislain Lippens (6 September 1911 – 16 June 1986) was a Belgian nobleman, politician and naturalist who was involved in nature conservation. He was responsible for the creation of the Zwin bird reserve. The bird subspecies Geokichla guttata lippensi was named in his honour.

Spotted ground thrush
The spotted ground thrush (Geokichla guttata) is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, and possibly Mozambique.
Ad Reinhardt
Adolph Friedrich Reinhardt (December 24, 1913 – August 30, 1967) was an American abstract painter and art theorist active in New York City for more than three decades. As a theorist he wrote and lectured extensively on art and was a major influence on conceptual art, minimal art, and monochrome painting.

Most famous for his "black" or "ultimate" paintings, he claimed to be painting the "last paintings" that anyone can paint. He believed in a philosophy of art he called Art-as-Art and used his writing and satirical cartoons to advocate for abstract art and against what he described as "the disreputable practices of artists-as-artists".

He was a member of the American Abstract Artists (AAA) and part of the movement centered on the Betty Parsons Gallery that became known as Abstract Expressionism. He was also a member of The Club, the meeting place for the New York School abstract expressionist artists during the 1940s and 1950s.

Betty Parsons
Betty Parsons (born Betty Bierne Pierson, January 31, 1900 – July 23, 1982) was an American artist, art dealer, and collector known for her early promotion of Abstract Expressionism. She is regarded as one of the most influential and dynamic figures of the American avant-garde.
Armchair general
"Armchair general" is a derogatory term for a person who regards themselves as an expert on military matters, despite having little to no actual experience in the military. Alternatively, it can mean a military commander who does not participate in actual combat. It was first used in 1900 in the Ottawa Journal. The term is one of a family of "armchair experts" or "armchair theorists", such as the armchair revolutionary, armchair warrior, or, in naval operations, the armchair admiral.

Armchair theorizing
Armchair theory or armchair philosophy is an approach to providing new developments in a field that does not involve analysis of empirical (real-world) data. The term is typically pejorative, implying such scholarship is weak, frivolous, and disconnected from reality.

Armchair scholarship is often contrasted with the scientific method, which involves the active investigation of nature through data collection or testing and developing rigorous mathematical models. Anthropologist Bronisław Malinowski was a major critic whose views are often summarized in the saying "[come] off the verandah", encouraging fieldwork and participant observation.: 10–13
1916 Warsaw City Council election
Elections to the Warsaw City Council were held in July 1916 – under German occupation during World War I. It was the first modern municipal election in Warsaw, as well as the first local election in Poland after the Russian retreat. The electorate was divided into six curiae, each with 15 seats in the council. As a pre-electoral pact was reached for four out of the six curiae, voting was held only in the Third Curia (intellectuals) and the Sixth Curia (general public). In the Sixth Curia, to which most voters belonged, the winners were the National Democracy on the Polish side and the Folkists on the Jewish side. Per Jesse Kaufmann (2015) "the election brought to the fore the question of Polish-Jewish relations and triggered an attempt on part of the occupiers to limit Jewish influence while maintaining a facade of strict impartiality".

Folkspartei
The Folkspartei (Yiddish: ייִדישע פֿאָלקספּאַרטײַ, romanized: Yidishe Folkspartay, lit. 'Jewish People's Party') was a Jewish Autonomist movement founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part in several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and did not survive the Holocaust.
Penny Willrich
Penny Ladell Willrich is an American lawyer, academic administrator, and judge who served as the interim dean of the Arizona Summit Law School from 2017 to 2018. In 1999, she became the first Black woman to serve as a judge on the Arizona Superior Court.

Arizona Summit Law School
The Arizona Summit Law School was a for-profit law school in Phoenix, Arizona, that operated from 2005 to 2018. The law school was known until 2013 as the Phoenix School of Law, and was a part of the InfiLaw System of independent, for-profit law schools, which includes Florida Coastal School of Law and Charlotte School of Law, owned by Sterling Partners.

Although the school was accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) in 2010, it was controversial for its poor bar exam pass rates and unemployability of its students.  The school created controversy in 2015, when the dean reportedly paid underprepared students not to take the bar exam. In 2016, nearly 95 percent of its students failed to pass the bar exam. The ABA withdrew the school's accreditation effective July 9, 2018, and the school began closing in the fall of that year.
Signal reconstruction
In signal processing, reconstruction usually means the determination of an original continuous signal from a sequence of equally spaced samples.

This article takes a generalized abstract mathematical approach to signal sampling and reconstruction.  For a more practical approach based on band-limited signals, see Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula.

Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula
The Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula or sinc interpolation is a method to construct a continuous-time bandlimited function from a sequence of real numbers.  The formula dates back to the works of E. Borel in 1898, and E. T. Whittaker in 1915, and was cited from works of J. M. Whittaker in 1935, and in the formulation of the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem by Claude Shannon in 1949.  It is also commonly called Shannon's interpolation formula and Whittaker's interpolation formula.  E. T. Whittaker, who published it in 1915, called it the Cardinal series.
Carlo Fassi
Carlo Fassi (20 December 1929 – 20 March 1997) was an Italian figure skater and international coach whose students included several World and Olympic champions. As a single skater, he was the 1953 World bronze medalist, a two-time European champion (1953, 1954), and a ten-time Italian national champion (1945–54).

1953 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.

The 1953 competitions for men, ladies, pair skating, and ice dancing took place from February 8 to 15 in Davos, Switzerland.
Clan Logan
Clan Logan is an ancient Scottish clan with branches originating in the Highlands and Lowlands of Scotland. From the Highlands came the Logan or Loban clan. The Lowlands, however, included the Logans of that Ilk (the Chiefly line); the Barons of Restalrig, the Logans from Ayrshire, the Lobbans from Banff, and many others. The clan currently does not have a chief recognized by Lord Lyon King of Arms but is actively searching for one. The family will hold a convention in April 2025 to select a Commander of the Logan Family to continue the search for a chief.

Lord Lyon King of Arms
The Right Honourable the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the head of Lyon Court, is the most junior of the Great Officers of State in Scotland and is the Scottish official with responsibility for regulating heraldry in that country, issuing new grants of arms, and serving as the judge of the Court of the Lord Lyon, the oldest heraldic court in the world that is still in daily operation.

The historic title of the post was the High Sennachie, and he was given the title of Lord Lyon from the lion in the coat of arms of Scotland.

The post was in the early nineteenth century held by an important nobleman, the Earl of Kinnoull, whose functions were in practice carried out by the Lyon-Depute. The practice of appointing Lyon-Deputes, however, ceased in 1866.
Cheryl Gray (Coronation Street)
Cheryl Gray is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street, played by Holly Quin-Ankrah. She debuted on-screen during the episode airing 9 April 2010. Originally introduced as a love interest for an existing character, Cheryl has been involved in storylines involving lapdancing and domestic abuse since her inception. Cheryl's age was tweaked to accommodate the much younger Quin-Ankrah's real age. In May 2011, it was announced the producers had decided not to renew Quin-Ankrah's contract. She departed on-screen on 18 November 2011.

Cheryl has been described as having "positive, caring, family oriented" personality traits. Cheryl's storyline has mainly focused around her relationships with Lloyd Mullaney (Craig Charles) and Chris Gray (Will Thorp). Quin-Ankrah has stated that throughout Cheryl's duration she has been "caught in the middle" of Chris and Lloyd's fights. In 2010, Quin-Ankrah was nominated for an Inside Soap Award for her portrayal of Cheryl.

Inside Soap Awards
The Inside Soap Awards is a yearly British award ceremony run by Inside Soap magazine since 1996. The awards celebrate both British and Australian soap operas and their actors. The current soap operas nominated for awards are Casualty, Coronation Street, EastEnders, Emmerdale, Hollyoaks, Home and Away and Waterloo Road. Now defunct soaps that were formerly nominated for awards included Take the High Road, Springhill, Sunset Beach, The Bill, Bad Girls, Brookside, Crossroads, Doctors, Family Affairs, Night and Day, Where the Heart Is, Holby City and Neighbours.
Iteris
Iteris Inc. is an American company based in Austin, Texas that provides software, hardware and services for smart mobility infrastructure management, including software as a service, cloud-enabled managed services, consulting and advisory services, and sensors and other devices that record and predict traffic conditions.

Iteris Inc. was established in 2004. The company from which it was formed, Odetics Inc., was originally founded in 1969, in Anaheim, California and incorporated in Delaware in 1987. Joe Bergera has served as the company's president and chief executive officer since 2015, and Iteris reported revenue of $156.1 million in fiscal year 2023, ending March 31.

In November 2024, it was announced that Iteris had been acquired by Almaviva Group.

Managed services
A Managed Service Provider (MSP) is a third-party company that remotely manages a customer's IT infrastructure and end-user systems, typically on a proactive basis and under a subscription model. This contrast with the traditional break/fix or on demand approach, where services are rendered and billed only after a technical failure occurs. Instead, the MSP maintains continuous oversight of the client’s systems, assuming long-term responsibility for the functionality and health of their IT environment.

The external organization is referred to as a managed service(s) provider (MSP).
Corbet baronets of Sprowston (1623)
The Corbet baronetcy, of Sprowston in the County of Norfolk, was created in the Baronetage of England on 4 July 1623 for John Corbet, of Sprowston. He was son of Sir Thomas Corbet, Kt, High Sheriff of Norfolk in 1612. He sat as Member of Parliament for Norfolk and Yarmouth. He was the elder brother of the regicide Miles Corbet. The title became extinct on the death of the third Baronet in 1661.

Sir John Corbet, 1st Baronet, of Sprowston
Sir John Corbet, 1st Baronet (c. 1589 – 19 January 1628) was MP for Norfolk between 1624 and 1625 and Yarmouth between 1625 and 1626.

He was the son of Sir Thomas Corbet of Sprowston, Norfolk, High Sheriff of Norfolk in 1612 and the elder brother of the regicide, Miles Corbet. He graduated as a B.A. at Cambridge University in 1612, was later captain of the Norfolk foot militia and a county magistrate for Norfolk.

His spent nearly a year imprisoned in Westminster gatehouse for refusing to support or pay the forced loan of 1628 in a case called Darnell's Case. He was released but died of smallpox shortly after and was buried at St Margaret's, Westminster.

He had married Anne Capel (died in about 1625), with whom he had two sons and three daughters. He was succeeded in turn by his sons John and Thomas. The baronetcy became extinct in 1661 on the death of Thomas.
Tsoncho Ganev
Tsoncho Tomov Ganev is a Bulgarian entrepreneur and politician, Member of the National Assembly and Deputy Chairman in the 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, and 51st National Assembly, and co-founder of the far-right and ultranationalist Revival party. Deputy Chairman of the Revival party, from which he was a municipal councillor in Varna in 2019 – 2021. Previously, he was a member of VMRO-BND and a regional deputy mayor in Varna (2012 – 2015).

49th National Assembly of Bulgaria
The Forty-Ninth National Assembly (Bulgarian: Четиридесет и деветото народно събрание) was a  convocation of the National Assembly of Bulgaria, formed according to the results of the early parliamentary elections in Bulgaria, held on 2 April 2023. It was replaced by the 50th National Assembly, summoned by the President on the 17th of June.
James Monteith Grant
Sir James Monteith Grant KCVO KStJ WS FSA Scot FRHSC (Hon) (19 October 1903 – 1 December 1981) was Lord Lyon King of Arms of Scotland from 1969 to 1981.

Educated at the Edinburgh Academy and the University of Edinburgh, where he studied law, he was appointed a Writer to the Signet (WS) in 1927. His first heraldic appointment was as Carrick Pursuivant in 1946. He was promoted to Marchmont Herald in 1957 and then to Lord Lyon in 1969. He was also Secretary to the Order of the Thistle from 1971 until 1981. From his retirement as Lord Lyon in 1981, he again held the post of Marchmont Herald until his death later that year.

He was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (FSA Scot), a Knight of the Venerable Order of St John (KStJ) from 1970, and a Commander 2nd Class of the Order of the Polar Star (KNO2kl) of Sweden from 1975. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO) in 1969.

Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland is the senior antiquarian body of Scotland, with its headquarters in the National Museum of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh. The Society's aim is to promote the cultural heritage of Scotland.

The usual style of post-nominal letters for fellows is FSAScot.
2019 Overwatch League playoffs
The 2019 Overwatch League playoffs were the postseason tournament of the 2019 Overwatch League regular season, beginning on September 5, and concluded with the 2019 Grand Finals, the second championship match of the Overwatch League (OWL), on September 29.

Eight teams competed in the OWL Playoffs – a double-elimination tournament. The winner of each round of the Playoffs were determined by a single-match, where each match winner was determined by which team wins four maps. The final two teams remaining in the tournament advanced to the Grand Finals, which took place at Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The defending OWL champions were the London Spitfire, who won the title against the Philadelphia Fusion in the 2018 OWL Grand Finals, but they fell in the first round of the lower bracket. The San Francisco Shock defeated the Vancouver Titans in the finals to claim their first OWL Championship.

2019 Overwatch League season
The 2019 Overwatch League season was the second season of the Overwatch League (OWL), an esport based on the video game Overwatch. The league expanded from 12 teams from the inaugural season to 20 teams. Of the eight new teams, two were from the United States, two were from Canada, one was from France, and three were from China.

The season began on February 14, 2019, and ended on August 25. Postseason play began in late August. The San Francisco Shock won the Grand Finals over the Vancouver Titans to become the league champions.
Women's Malaysian Open Squash Championships 2011
The Women's Malaysian Open Squash Championships 2011 is the women's edition of the 2011 Malaysian Open Squash Championships, which is a tournament of the WSA World Series event Gold (prize money: $68,500). The event took place in Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia from 20 July to 23 July. Nicol David won her seventh Malaysian Open trophy, beating Jenny Duncalf in the final.

2011 WSA World Series
The WSA World Series 2011 is a series of women's squash tournaments which are part of the Women's Squash Association (WSA) World Tour for the 2011 squash season. The WSA World Series tournaments are some of the most prestigious events on the women's tour. The best-performing players in the World Series events qualify for the annual 2011 WSA World Series Finals tournament. Nicol David won her first WSA World Series Squash Finals trophy, beating Madeline Perry in the final.
Kongo language
Kongo or Kikongo is one of the Bantu languages spoken by the Kongo people living in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Angola. It is a tonal language. The vast majority of present-day speakers live in Africa. There are roughly seven million native speakers of Kongo in the above-named countries. An estimated five million more speakers use it as a second language.

Historically, it was spoken by many of those Africans who for centuries were taken captive, transported across the Atlantic,  and sold as slaves in the Americas. For this reason, creolized forms of the language are found in ritual speech of Afro-American religions, especially in Brazil, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Suriname. It is also one of the sources of the Gullah language, which formed in the Low Country and Sea Islands of the United States Southeast, and a major source of the Palenquero language of Colombia.

Gullah language
Gullah (also called Gullah-English, Sea Island Creole English, and Geechee) is a creole language spoken by the Gullah people (also called "Geechees" within the community), an African American population living in coastal regions of South Carolina and Georgia (including urban Charleston and Savannah) as well as extreme northeastern Florida and the extreme southeast of North Carolina.
Bicester Village railway station
Bicester Village (2015–present, previously Bicester Town 1987–2014, Bicester London Road 1954–1968, Bicester 1850–1954) is one of two railway stations serving the market town of Bicester in Oxfordshire, alongside Bicester North. It is 12 miles (19 km) northeast of Oxford on the Oxford–Bicester line near its junction with the Chiltern Main Line. The renamed Bicester Village station reopened on 25 October 2015 with trains initially running between Oxford Parkway and London Marylebone. All trains serving it are operated by Chiltern Railways.

Following the reinstatement of the railway line between Bicester and Bletchley as part of East West Rail, Chiltern Railways expects to begin services between Oxford and Milton Keynes Central via Bicester and Bletchley from late 2025.

Milton Keynes Central railway station
Milton Keynes Central railway station serves the city of Milton Keynes, in Buckinghamshire, England. It is a stop on the West Coast Main Line, about 50 miles (80 km) north-west of London. The station is served by Avanti West Coast inter-city services and by West Midlands Trains regional services. This is the principal station for the city, one of seven serving its urban area.. It was opened on 17 May 1982.
1967 LPGA Tour
The 1967 LPGA Tour was the 18th season since the LPGA Tour officially began in 1950. The season ran from March 16 to November 19. The season consisted of 28 official money events. Kathy Whitworth won the most tournaments, eight. She also led the money list with earnings of $32,937.

There were two first-time winners in 1967: Catherine Lacoste from France and Margie Masters from Australia. They were the first winners from the continents of Europe and Australia, respectively. This season also saw the last playing of the Women's Western Open, an LPGA major.

The tournament results and award winners are listed below.

Women's major golf championships
Women's golf has a set of major championships, a series of tournaments designated to be of a higher status than other tournaments. Five tournaments are currently designated as 'majors' in women's golf by the LPGA.

The LPGA's list of majors has changed in constitution since the first major was held at the Women's Western Open in 1930. There have been four different periods, 1930 to 1972, 1973 to 2000, 2001 to 2013, and the current version which began in 2014. The current version of tournaments is the Chevron Championship, The Evian Championship, U.S. Women's Open, Women's PGA Championship, The Women's Open.
Big Brother (Dutch and Belgian TV series)
Big Brother is the Dutch & Belgian cooperation version of the international reality television franchise Big Brother produced by Endemol and originating in the Netherlands. The show aired in Netherlands on RTL 5 and in  the Flemish Region on VIER/Play4 and has had a total of five seasons.  The first season of the show aired in 2021. The fifth season and last season aired in 2025. On October 16, 2025, it was announced that the program would not return due to high production costs.

It was the comeback of Big Brother in the Netherlands after a 14 years absence and in Belgium after a 13 years absence. After five seasons, this series ended in 2025.

Play (Belgian TV channel)
Play is a Belgian-Flemish commercial television channel. It is part of Play Media and production company Woestijnvis.

As of 2010, the channel has a market share of more than 7%.

The channel was formerly known as VIER from 17 September 2012 to 27 January 2021. On 28 January 2021, the channel was rebranded to Play4. On 13 October 2025, the channel was rebranded to Play.

Its owner also operates sister stations Play Fictie, Play Actie and Play Reality. The channel broadcasts entertainment shows, series, cartoons, movies, and sports.
Diocese of Lodomeria
The Diocese of Lodomeria was a late-medieval Latin rite Catholic diocese in Lodomeria (roughly Volhynia, in modern Ukraine) from 1375 till 1425. Lodomeria is a derivative of Wolodomeria based in Volodymyr. The diocese preceded Roman Catholic Diocese of Lutsk which was formed on its territory. In 1425 the diocese of Lodomeria was merged with its former junior diocese moving its bishop see to Lutsk by Andrzej Spławski.

Diocese of Lutsk
The Diocese of Lutsk was first established in the 13th century as the diocese of Luceoria (Latin) or Łuck (Polish). After the victory of Napoleon, the diocese was joined with the Diocese of Zhytomyr, forming the diocese of Lutzk-Zhitomir-Kamenetz. (suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Mohilev between 1798 and 1925). In 1925, the diocese of Lutsk was restored and the Diocese of Zhytomyr became separate.