hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Plaza Degetau
Plaza Degetau, formally Plaza Federico Degetau, is the larger of two plazas at Plaza Las Delicias, the main city square in the city of Ponce, Puerto Rico. The other plaza is named Plaza Muñoz Rivera and is located north of Plaza Degetau. The square is notable for its fountains and for the various monuments it contains. The historic Parque de Bombas and Ponce Cathedral buildings are located bordering the north side of this plaza. The square is the center of the Ponce Historic Zone, and it is flanked by the historic Ponce City Hall to the south, the cathedral and historic firehouse to the north, the NRHP-listed Banco Crédito y Ahorro Ponceño and Banco de Ponce buildings to the east, and the Armstrong-Poventud Residence to the west. The square dates back to the early Spanish settlement in Ponce of 1670. It is the main tourist attraction of the city, receiving about a quarter of a million visitors per year.

Parque de Bombas
The Parque de Bombas (English: firehouse) is a historic former fire station in Ponce, Puerto Rico. It is one of Puerto Rico's most notable buildings, with some considering it "by far the most easily recognized landmark in the Island."

The Parque de Bombas is located at the Plaza Las Delicias town square, directly behind Ponce Cathedral. Originally built in 1882 as a pavilion for an exhibition, it became Puerto Rico's first ever fire station. In 1990, the fire station closed and was converted into a museum. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on 12 July 1984.
Agba Nojie of Uromi
Agba N'Ojie (lit. 'God of War' in the Esan language) of Uromi, originally called Agba, was the ruler of the Esan people from 1483 AD until 1507 AD. Considered an important Onojie ('king' or 'monarch') in the history of the Esan people, he was instrumental in maintaining the independence of Esanland from the old Benin Empire.

He stopped tributes from Enijies in Esanland from being paid to the Oba of Benin and prevented appeal cases being taken from Esanland to the Oba's Palace for retrial during the time of Ozolua n'Ibarmoi ('Ozolua the Conqueror').

Ozolua
Ozolua, originally known as Prince Okpame, was the fifteenth Oba of the Kingdom of Benin who reigned from c. 1483 AD – c. 1504 AD. He greatly expanded the Kingdom through warfare and increased contact with the Portuguese Empire, and was later called Ozolua n'Ibaromi, meaning Ozolua the Conqueror in Edo. He was an important Oba in the history of the Kingdom of Benin and retains importance in the folklore and celebrations of the region.
Dalvir Singh
Major General Dalvir Singh AVSM, VrC, VSM (born 7 April 1946) is a retired Indian Special Forces officer, a former General Officer of the Indian Army and the recipient of Vir Chakra, India's third-highest War-time gallantry award. He has commanded the 10th Battalion Special Forces, the elite 52 Special Action Group of the NSG, Kilo Force of the Rashtriya Rifles and the Territorial Army (India), with distinction. After retirement from active military service, he has been serving as the Director Training of Rajasthan Police Training Center Jodhpur.

Vir Chakra
The Vir Chakra (pronunciation: ʋiːɾa tʃakɾa, lit. 'Wheel of Bravery') is an Indian wartime military bravery award presented for acts of gallantry on the battlefield, on land or in the air or at sea.

It is third in precedence in wartime gallantry awards and comes after the Param Vir Chakra and Maha Vir Chakra.sub=sardul singh =vir chakra}}</1948
Mount Wilson (Colorado)
Mount Wilson is the highest summit of the San Miguel Mountains range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The prominent 14,254.1-foot (4,345 m) fourteener is located in the Lizard Head Wilderness of San Juan National Forest, 10.6 miles (17.1 km) north by east (bearing 12°) of the Town of Rico in Dolores County, Colorado, United States.  Mount Wilson should not be confused with the lower Wilson Peak nearby.

The peak was named for A.D. Wilson, a topographer with the Hayden Survey.  He was in the first ascent party, which climbed the peak on September 13, 1874, via the south ridge (a difficult route, not often climbed today).

Fourteener
In the mountaineering parlance of the Western United States, a fourteener (also spelled 14er) is a mountain peak with an elevation of at least 14,000 ft (4267 m). The 96 fourteeners in the United States are all west of the Mississippi River. Colorado has 53 fourteeners, the most of any single state. Alaska has 29, the second most of any single state. Many peak baggers try to climb all fourteeners in the contiguous United States, or in one particular state, or in another region.
Pedro Friedeberg
Pedro Friedeberg (born January 11, 1936) is an Italian-born Mexican artist and designer known for his surrealist work filled with lines colors and ancient and religious symbols. His best known piece is the “Hand-Chair” a sculpture/chair designed for people to sit on the palm, using the fingers as back and arm rests. Friedeberg began studying as an architect but did not complete his studies as he began to draw designs against the conventional forms of the 1950s and even completely implausible ones such as houses with artichoke roofs. However, his work caught the attention of artist Mathias Goeritz who encouraged him to continue as an artist. Friedeberg became part of a group of surrealist artists in Mexico which included Leonora Carrington and Alice Rahon, who were irreverent, rejecting the social and political art which was dominant at the time. Friedeberg has had a lifelong reputation for being eccentric, and states that art is dead because nothing new is being produced.

Alice Rahon
Alice Phillipot (Alice Rahon) (8 June 1904 – September 1987) was a French-born Mexican poet and artist whose work contributed to the beginning of abstract expression in Mexico. She began as a surrealist poet in Europe but began painting in Mexico. She was a prolific artist from the late 1940s to the 1960s, exhibiting frequently in Mexico and the United States, with a wide circle of friends in these two countries. Her work remained tied to surrealism but was also innovative, including abstract elements and the use of techniques such as sgraffito and the use of sand for texture. She became isolated in her later life due to health issues.
Otto Addo
Nana Otto Addo (born 9 June 1975) is a Ghanaian football manager and former football player. He is currently the manager of the Ghana national football team and was previously a talent coach and interim first-team assistant coach for Borussia Dortmund.

Edin Terzić
Edin Terzić (pronounced [êdiːn těrziːtɕ]; born 30 October 1982) is a German-Croatian professional football coach and former player.

After a playing career as a forward in the lower leagues of German football, Terzić worked as a scout and youth assistant coach at Borussia Dortmund. Following spells as an assistant to Slaven Bilić, he obtained a UEFA Pro Licence in 2018. He returned to Dortmund as head coach in 2020, winning the DFB-Pokal in 2021 and reaching the UEFA Champions League final in 2024.
Bill Bennett (Liberal MLA)
William Bennett (born 1950) is a former Canadian politician. From 2001 until 2017, Bennett represented the riding of Kootenay East in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. As part of the BC Liberal Party caucus, he served in several cabinet posts under Premiers Gordon Campbell and Christy Clark.

Kootenay-Rockies
Kootenay-Rockies (formerly Kootenay from 1966 to 2001; East Kootenay from 2001 to 2009; Kootenay East from 2009 to 2024) is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada.

The district was created before the 1966 election by the merger of Cranbrook and Fernie ridings, and despite its long period under the "Kootenay" moniker, never extended to cover more than a fraction of the whole "Kootenay" region. Post-2001, broadly similar territory was included under the successive names East Kootenay, Kootenay East and Kootenay-Rockies. The riding adopted its current name and had minor boundary changes from the 2024 election, which implemented the results of the 2021 redistribution.
First Battle of Auburn
The First Battle of Auburn was fought on October 13, 1863, between Union infantry and Confederate cavalry forces at the start of the Bristoe Campaign during the American Civil War. A Union infantry column stumbled upon a Confederate cavalry reconnaissance party and a short, inconclusive fight ensued. The Confederate cavalry withdrew in the face of the superior Union force, but a much larger body of Confederate cavalry under Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart, attempting to raid a Union wagon train became entrapped by the column, forcing them to abandon the raid and hide in a ravine overnight awaiting Confederate infantry to come to their aid.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Kuwaiti protests (2011–2012)
The Kuwaiti protests refers to the series of 2011–2012 demonstrations for government reforms in the state of Kuwait. In November 2011, the government of Kuwait resigned in response to the protests, making Kuwait one of several countries affected by the Arab Spring to experience major governmental changes due to unrest. The protests began with stateless people (Bedoon).

Bedoon
The Bedoon or Bidoon or Bidoun (Arabic: بدون جنسية, romanized: Bidūn jinsīya, lit. 'without nationality'), fully Bidoon jinsiya, are stateless people in several Middle Eastern countries, but particularly in Kuwait, where there is a large population of stateless people who lack access to many of the country's basic services. It is widely believed that the Bedoon issue in Kuwait is sectarian in nature.
Hugh Kenner
William Hugh Kenner (January 7, 1923 – November 24, 2003) was a Canadian literary scholar, critic and professor. His studies on Modernist literature often analyzed the work of James Joyce, Ezra Pound, and Samuel Beckett. His major study of the period, The Pound Era, argued for Pound as the central figure of Modernism, and is considered one of the most important works on the topic.

Literary modernism
Modernist literature originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is characterised by a self-conscious separation from traditional ways of writing in both poetry and prose fiction writing. Modernism experimented with literary form and expression, as exemplified by Ezra Pound's maxim to "Make it new". This literary movement was driven by a conscious desire to overturn traditional modes of representation and express the new sensibilities of the time. The immense human costs of the First World War saw the prevailing assumptions about society reassessed, and much modernist writing engages with the technological advances and societal changes of modernity moving into the 20th century. In Modernist Literature, Mary Ann Gillies notes that these literary themes share the "centrality of a conscious break with the past", one that "emerges as a complex response across continents and disciplines to a changing world".
Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 2000
Denmark was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2000 with the song "Fly on the Wings of Love", written by Jørgen Olsen, and performed by the Olsen Brothers. The Danish participating broadcaster, DR, organised the national final Dansk Melodi Grand Prix 2000 in order to select its entry for the contest. Ten songs competed in a televised show where "Smuk som et stjerneskud" performed by the Olsen Brothers was the winner as decided upon through two rounds of jury voting and public voting. The song was later translated from Danish to English for Eurovision and was titled "Fly on the Wings of Love". The entry eventually won the contest.

Denmark competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 13 May 2000. Performing during the show in position 14, Denmark placed first out of the 24 participating countries, winning the contest with 195 points. This was Denmark's second win in the Eurovision Song Contest; their first victory was in 1963.

Dansk Melodi Grand Prix
Dansk Melodi Grand Prix (pronounced [ˈtænˀsk me̝loˈti kʁɑn ˌpʰʁi]), also known as Melodi Grand Prix or simply DMGP, is an annual music competition organised by the Danish public broadcaster DR since 1957, which determines its entry for the Eurovision Song Contest. The festival has produced three Eurovision winners and fourteen top-five placings.
Reading Town F.C.
Reading Town Football Club were a semi-professional English football club in the Hellenic League Division One East, based in Reading, Berkshire. It was affiliated to the Berks & Bucks Football Association.

The club previously played in the Combined Counties Football League, but with the agreement of the leagues involved, swapped places with Badshot Lea in time for the start of the 2008–09 season.

Reading City F.C.
Reading City Football Club is a football club based in Reading, Berkshire, England. They are currently members of the Combined Counties League Premier Division North and play at the Rivermoor Stadium in the Tilehurst area of Reading.
Siege of Eshowe
The siege of Eshowe took place during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. The siege was part of a three-pronged attack on the Zulu Impis of king Cetshwayo at Ulundi. After an incursion as far as Eshowe (then also known as Fort Ekowe or kwaMondi) Colonel Charles Pearson was besieged there for two months by the Zulus.

Impi
Impi is a Nguni word meaning war or combat and by association any body of men gathered for war; for example, impi ya masosha is a term denoting an army. Impi were formed from regiments (amabutho) from large militarised homesteads (amakhanda). In English impi is often used to refer to a Zulu regiment, which is called an ibutho in Zulu, or the army of the Zulu Kingdom.

Its beginnings lie far back in historic local warfare customs, when groups of armed men called impi battled. They were systematised radically by the Zulu king Shaka, who was then only the exiled illegitimate son of king Senzangakhona kaJama, but already showing much prowess as a general in the army (impi) of Mthethwa king Dingiswayo in the Ndwandwe–Zulu War of 1817–1819.
Zvenigorodskaya
Zvenigorodskaya is a station on the Saint Petersburg Metro. It is located between the Sadovaya and Obvodny Kanal stations on the Frunzensko–Primorskaya Line. The station was opened on December 20, 2008, one of the first on the new line. It is connected by foot passages to the Pushkinskaya station, which serves the Kirovsko–Vyborgskaya Line. At the time of its opening, Zvenigorodskaya lacked an independent surface exit; all traffic had to go through Pushkinskaya. Escalators and a surface lobby were added later.

Line 5 (Saint Petersburg Metro)
Line 5 of the Saint Petersburg Metro, also known as Frunzensko-Primorskaya Line (Russian: Фру́нзенско-Примо́рская ли́ния) or Purple Line, is a rapid transit line in Saint Petersburg, Russia, opened in 2008, which connects the historical city centre to the northwestern and southern districts. It has 15 stations covering a total length of 26.2 kilometres (16.3 mi).  Although it opened on 20 December 2008, parts of the line are considerably older.  At its official opening in 2008, it included only two stations that opened concurrently with the line.  On 7 March 2009, the Metro incorporated six existing stations of Line 4 (Pravoberezhnaya) into Line 5, expanding it to nine stations.

Admiralteyskaya station, which is the deepest station in Russia and one of the deepest in the world, at 86 metres, opened on this line 2011.

The line is named after the Primorsky district and Frunzensky district.
German trawler V 423 Keryado II
Keryado was a French fishing trawler that was built in 1904 Silvain for Dutch owners. She was sold to Iceland in 1916 and renamed Thorstein Ingolffson. In 1917 she was acquired by the French Navy for use as the watchboat Chimpanzé. She was sold in 1919 and became the French fishing boat Keryado, later Keryado II. In 1942, she was requisitioned  by the Kriegsmarine, serving as the Vorpostenboot V 423 Keryado II. She was returned to her owners in 1945 and was scrapped in 1955.

Vorpostenboot
Vorpostenboot (plural Vorpostenboote), also referred to as VP-Boats, flakships or outpost boats, were German patrol boats which served during both World Wars. They were used around coastal areas and in coastal operations, and were tasked with – among other things – coastal patrol, ship escort, and naval combat.
Dopamine supersensitivity psychosis
Dopamine supersensitivity psychosis is a hypothesis that attempts to explain the phenomenon in which psychosis (e.g., hallucinations, delusions) occurs despite treatment with escalating doses of antipsychotics. Dopamine supersensitivity may be caused by the dopamine receptor D2 antagonizing effect of antipsychotics, causing a compensatory increase in D2 receptors within the brain that sensitizes neurons to endogenous release of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Because psychosis is thought to be mediated—at least in part—by the activity of dopamine at D2 receptors, the activity of dopamine in the presence of supersensitivity may paradoxically give rise to worsening psychotic symptoms despite antipsychotic treatment at a given dose. This phenomenon may co-occur with tardive dyskinesia, a rare movement disorder that may also be due to dopamine supersensitivity.

Dopamine receptor D2
Dopamine receptor D2, also known as D2R, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the DRD2 gene. After work from Paul Greengard's lab had suggested that dopamine receptors were the site of action of antipsychotic drugs, several groups, including those of Solomon H. Snyder and Philip Seeman used a radiolabeled antipsychotic drug to identify what is now known as the dopamine D2 receptor. The dopamine D2 receptor is the main receptor for most antipsychotic drugs.  The structure of DRD2 in complex with the atypical antipsychotic risperidone has been determined.
Renato Mayugba
Renato Pine Mayugba (born December 4, 1955) is a Filipino bishop of the Roman Catholic Church, currently serving as the bishop of  Laoag. He previously served as Auxiliary Bishop of Lingayen-Dagupan and Titular Bishop of Centuriones from 2005 to 2012.

Archdiocese of Lingayen–Dagupan
The Archdiocese of Lingayen–Dagupan is a Latin Catholic archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Province of Pangasinan, Philippines.  Its cathedral is the Metropolitan Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist in Dagupan with a co-cathedral, the Epiphany of Our Lord Parish Church, in the neighboring municipality of Lingayen.
Selma Rıza
Selma Rıza (5 February 1872 – 5 October 1931) was a Turkish novelist, humanitarian, and the first female Turkish journalist. She was general secretary of the Ottoman Red Crescent Society from 1908–1913. Her brother was Ahmet Rıza, leader of the Parisian Young Turks, and later President of the Chamber of Deputies.

Turkish Red Crescent
The Turkish Red Crescent (Turkish: Türk Kızılay) is the Turkish affiliate of the International Red Crescent and the first worldwide adopter of the crescent symbol for humanitarian aid.

Being the largest humanitarian foundation in Turkey, its roots goes back to the Crimean War from 1853 to 1856 and the Russo-Turkish War from 1876 to 1878, where disease overshadowed battle as the main cause of death and suffering among Turkish soldiers.

Operating to this day as a not-for-profit volunteer-based social service, it is considered one of the most important charity organizations in the Muslim world.
Nijinomatsubara Station
Nijinomatsubara Station (虹ノ松原駅, Nijinomatsubara-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Karatsu, Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and is on the Chikuhi Line. The station is set within the Nijinomatsubara pine forest, which gives it its name.

Chikuhi Line
The Chikuhi Line (筑肥線, Chikuhi-sen) is a railway line in Kyushu, Japan. The line is split up into two parts; in the east, it runs between Meinohama Station in Fukuoka, Fukuoka and Karatsu Station in Karatsu, Saga, and in the west, between Yamamoto Station in Karatsu to Imari Station in Imari, Saga.

On the eastern section, most trains run via through service on both ends onto the Fukuoka City Subway's Airport Line toward Hakata Station, and to Nishi-Karatsu on the JR Karatsu Line. On the western section, all trains continue past Yamamoto onto the Karatsu Line to reach Karatsu Station, effectively connecting the two halves of the line.
Brad Davis (musician)
Brad Davis is an American country/bluegrass/rock guitar virtuoso and singer-songwriter. Guitar World Magazine named Brad as one of the greatest Texas guitarist of all time in 2022. Initially, a member of country singer Marty Stuart's road band, Davis has also performed with David Lee Roth, Bela Fleck, Roger Miller, David Lee Roth, Earl Scruggs, Sam Bush, Billy Bob Thornton, ZZ TOP and many others, in addition to writing songs for artists like Tim McGraw, Jo-El Sonnier, Tony Trischka, Tommy Shaw, and Thornton.

Tommy Shaw
Tommy Roland Shaw (born September 11, 1953) is an American musician best known for his tenure in the rock band Styx as co-lead vocalist. In between his stints with Styx, he has played with other groups including Damn Yankees and Shaw Blades as well as releasing several solo albums.
Ariha, Idlib
Ariha (Arabic: أَرِيحَا, romanized: ʾArīḥā), also called Riha (رِيحَا, Rīḥā), is a town in northwest Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located south of Idlib. Nearby localities include Urum al-Jawz to the southwest, Sarjah to the south, Kafr Latah to the southeast, Maar Bilit to the east, al-Nayrab to the northeast, Nahlaya and al-Mastumah to the north, Kurin to the northwest and Maataram to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Ariha had a population of 39,501 in the 2004 census. The town is also the administrative centre of the Ariha District and the Ariha nahiyah (subdistrict), which consists of 24 localities, with a combined population of 83,487 in 2004.

Idlib
Idlib (Arabic: إِدْلِب, romanized: ʾIdlib, pronounced [ʔid.lib]; also spelt Idleb or Edlib) is a city in northwestern Syria, and is the capital of the Idlib Governorate. It has an elevation of nearly 500 meters (1,600 ft) above sea level, and is 59 kilometers (37 mi) southwest of Aleppo. It is located near the border with Turkey.
Natalie Roe
Natalie Ann Roe is an experimental particle physicist and observational cosmologist, and the Associate Laboratory Director for the Physical Sciences Area at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) since 2020. Previously, she was the Physics Division Director for eight years. She has been a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL, Berkeley Lab) is a federally funded research and development center in the hills of Berkeley, California, United States. Established in 1931 by the University of California (UC), the laboratory is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and administered by the UC system. Ernest Lawrence, who won the Nobel prize for inventing the cyclotron, founded the lab and served as its director until his death in 1958. Located in the Berkeley Hills, the lab overlooks the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.