hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Przemyśl
The Siege of Przemyśl was the longest siege in Europe during the First World War, and the second largest in the entire conflict, after the Siege of Medina. The siege was a crushing defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Army by the Russian Army. Przemyśl was a fortress-town and stronghold on the River San in what is now southeastern Poland. The investment of Przemyśl began on 16 September 1914 and was briefly suspended on 11 October, due to an Austro-Hungarian offensive. The siege resumed on 9 November and the Austro-Hungarian garrison surrendered on 22 March 1915, after holding out for a total of 133 days. The siege has been referred to as "Austria-Hungary's Stalingrad".

Przemyśl Fortress
49°47′10″N 22°46′26″E﻿ / ﻿49.78611°N 22.77389°E﻿ / 49.78611; 22.77389

Przemyśl fortress (Polish: Twierdza Przemyśl) is a series of fortifications around Przemyśl, Poland. It was constructed by the Austro-Hungarian Empire from the mid 19th century until the First World War in sections, depending on the diplomatic relations between Austria and the Russian Empire, and saw extensive combat during World War I. Originally captured by the Russian Army, it was recaptured by the German Army in mid-1915. Afterwards the ruined fortifications lost their military significance.
Mircea Costache II
Mircea Costache II (2 May 1940 – 16 February 2016) was a Romanian handball player and coach who played as a pivot for Dinamo București and for the national team. He scored the winning goal in the 1961 World Championship final.

After retiring he became a coach in his native Romania and abroad in Algeria and Portugal. Costache led the national team of Algeria to a World Cup for the first time in 1974.

Between 1988 and 1995 he was named coach of both the Portugal senior national team and the Portuguese youth sides, with whom he won the European Youth Handball Championship in 1992.

Costache was also an associate professor at the Moderna University in Lisbon from 1997 to 2002, where he coach the football team and won two championships, between 1997 and 2001, and was runner-up in 1998.

1961 World Men's Handball Championship
The 1961 World Men's Handball Championship was the fourth team handball World Championship. It was held in West Germany and West Berlin between 1–12 March 1961. A united team composed of players from the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany competed. Romania won the championship.
Sunchyme
"Sunchyme" is the debut single of British electronic music trio Dario G. It was released on 15 September 1997 by Eternal Records as the lead single from their debut studio album, Sunmachine (1998), although early editions were stated to be from an album named Super Dario Land. The song heavily samples the track "Life in a Northern Town" by dream pop band the Dream Academy.

The song reached top-five positions in many European music charts. It also topped the US Billboard Dance Club Play chart following its American release in May 1998. In the United Kingdom, the song peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart.

The Dream Academy
The Dream Academy was a British alternative pop band consisting of lead vocalist and guitarist and primary songwriter Nick Laird-Clowes, woodwinds player and pianist Kate St John, and keyboardist Gilbert Gabriel. The band is most noted for its 1985 hit record, "Life in a Northern Town".
1980–81 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 1980–81 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 28, 1980, progressed through the regular season and conference tournaments, and concluded with the 1981 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament championship game on March 30, 1981, at The Spectrum in Philadelphia. The Indiana Hoosiers won their fourth NCAA national championship with a 63–50 victory over the North Carolina Tar Heels.

1981 NCAA Division I basketball tournament
The 1981 NCAA Division I basketball tournament involved 48 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's  NCAA Division I college basketball. The 43rd annual edition of the tournament began on March 12, 1981, and ended with the championship game on March 30, at The Spectrum in Philadelphia. A total of 48 games were played, including a national third-place game (the last in the NCAA tournament). It was also the last tournament to be televised on NBC, before CBS took over the following year. Additionally, it was the last season in which the NCAA sponsored championships only in men's sports; the first Division I women's tournament would be played the following year.

Indiana, coached by Bob Knight, won the national title with a 63–50 victory over North Carolina, coached by Dean Smith. Isiah Thomas of Indiana was named the Tournament's Most Outstanding Player.
Film holder
A film holder is a accessory that holds one or more pieces of photographic film, for insertion into a camera or optical scanning device such as a dedicated film scanner or a flatbed scanner with film scanning capabilities. The widest use of the term refers to a device that holds sheet film for use in large format cameras, but it can also refer to various interchangeable devices in medium format or even 135 film camera systems.

Large format
Large format photography refers to any imaging format of 9 cm × 12 cm (3.5 in × 4.7 in) or larger. Large format is larger than "medium format", the 6 cm × 6 cm (2.4 in × 2.4 in) or 6 cm × 9 cm (2.4 in × 3.5 in) size of Hasselblad, Mamiya, Rollei, Kowa, and Pentax cameras (using 120- and 220-roll film), and much larger than the 24 mm × 36 mm (0.94 in × 1.42 in) frame of 35 mm format.

The main advantage of a large format, film or digital, is a higher resolution at the same pixel pitch, or the same resolution with larger pixels or grains which allows each pixel to capture more light enabling exceptional low-light capture. A 4×5 inch image (12.903 mm²) has about 15 times the area, and thus 15 times the total resolution, of a 35 mm frame (864 mm²).

Large format cameras were some of the earliest photographic devices, and before enlargers were common, it was normal to just make 1:1 contact prints from a 4×5, 5×7, or 8×10-inch negative.
Thea Bowman
Mary Thea Bowman, FSPA (born Bertha Elizabeth Bowman; December 29, 1937 – March 30, 1990) was a Black Catholic religious sister, teacher, musician, liturgist and scholar who contributed to the ministry of the Catholic Church toward African Americans.

She became an evangelist among her people, assisted in the production of an African-American Catholic hymnal, and was a popular speaker on faith and spirituality in her final years, in addition to recording music. She also helped found the National Black Sisters' Conference to provide support for African-American women in Catholic religious life. She died of cancer in 1990.

In 2018, the Diocese of Jackson opened her beatificationprocess; she was therefore titled a Servant of God.

Diocese of Jackson
The Diocese of Jackson is a Latin Church diocese in Mississippi in the United States. Its ecclesiastical jurisdiction includes the northern and central parts of the state, an area of 97,458 square kilometers (37,629 sq mi). It is the largest diocese, by area, east of the Mississippi River.

The Diocese of Jackson is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Mobile. The bishop of Jackson, as of 2023, is Joseph Kopacz.
J. K. Bettersworth
John Knox Bettersworth (1909–1991) was a history professor and author in Mississippi.

James W. Loewen wrote critically of the bigotry and inaccuracy in Betterworth's high school textbooks that were standard in Mississippi schools for decades and Betterworth's work was contrasted with the textbook Loewen and Charles Sallis co-edited in 1974 in Sallis's obituary. Rebecca Miller Davis described Bettersworth's textbooks as stuck in a Lost Cause mentality.

James W. Loewen
James William Loewen (February 6, 1942 – August 19, 2021) was an American sociologist, historian, and author. He was best known for his 1995 book, Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong. A 2005 book, Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism, galvanized a national effort to develop a list of sundown towns.
Moroccan expedition
The Moroccan expedition was a maritime expedition conducted by the nations of Sweden-Norway and Denmark to militarily pressure the barbary state of Morocco into agreeing to the new stipulations as proposed by Danish and Swedish diplomats. One of the motives of the expedition was the reversal of several of the old and unfair treaties which stated that Sweden and Denmark would be required to pay an annual tribute to the Moroccan sultanate in order to be granted safe passage from the Barbary pirates.

In 1843 the Danish king Christian VIII proposed that the Danish and Swedish fleets should join forces to militarily pressure Morocco to relinquish their attacks on Swedish and Danish merchants without the payment of tribute. The following year, the fleets of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway jointly embarked on a military expedition to Morocco, and after a year of negotiations, the Moroccan Sultan Abd al-Rahman agreed to the new stipulations proposed by the Danish and Swedish negotiators.

Abd al-Rahman of Morocco
Moulay Abd al-Rahman bin Hisham (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن هشام; 28 December 1789 – 28 August 1859) was Sultan of Morocco from 30 November 1822 to 28 August 1859, as a ruler of the 'Alawi dynasty. He was a son of Moulay Hisham. He was proclaimed sultan in Fes after the death of Moulay Sulayman.

During his long reign he proved himself competent in an age where Africa was being colonized by stronger European nations, such as neighbouring Ottoman Algeria which was invaded by France. He was able to preserve Moroccan independence and maintain Moroccan borders without ceding any land, while also supporting Emir Abd al-Qadir's resistance in Algeria against France. He also signed the necessary treaties to enforce his beliefs, and fought numerous conflicts with European nations, especially France.
Lichtenstein Castle (Württemberg)
Lichtenstein Castle (Schloss Lichtenstein) is a privately owned Gothic Revival castle located in the Swabian Jura of southern Germany. It was designed by Carl Alexander Heideloff and its name means "shining stone" or "bright stone". The castle overlooks the Echaz valley near Honau, Reutlingen, in the state of Baden-Württemberg. The modern castle was inspired by Wilhelm Hauff's 1826 novel Lichtenstein and was built in 1840–1842. The ruins of an older medieval castle are a few hundred meters away.

Reutlingen (district)
Reutlingen, nicknamed "The Gate to the Swabian Alb" (German: "Das Tor zur Schwäbischen Alb"), is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
The former free imperial city (until 1802) reached the limit of 100,000 residents in 1989. It is the ninth-largest city in Baden-Württemberg. Reutlingen district's neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Esslingen, Göppingen, Alb-Donau, Biberach, Sigmaringen, Zollernalbkreis, Tübingen and Böblingen.
Treaty of Lödöse
The Treaty of Lödöse (Norwegian: Freden i Lödöse, Swedish: Freden i Lödöse) was a peace treaty between the Swedish king Eric XI and the Norwegian king Haakon IV. The treaty was negotiated between King Haakon and the Jarl of Sweden, Birger Magnusson, in the town of Lödöse, during the summer of 1249. The main purpose of the treaty was to prevent mutual hostility from escalating into war. Some factions of the Swedish nobility wanted to attack Norway in retribution for a raid by King Haakon, which had targeted Norwegian rebels in the Swedish province of Värmland 24 years earlier.

In Lödöse, the two parties sworn that from then on fraternity and peace should prevail between the two kingdoms and that neither of the two would support or provide a haven for enemies of the other. It was also decided that Birger's daughter Rikissa, would marry the son of Haakon, Haakon the Young.

Rikissa Birgersdotter
Rikissa Birgersdotter, also known as Rixa, Richeza, Richilda and Regitze, (c. 1237 – after 1288)  was Queen of Norway as the wife of the co-king Haakon Haakonson, and later Princess of Werle as wife of Henry I, Prince of Mecklenburg-Güstrow.
Jarod Lucas
Jarod Lucas (born December 7, 1999) is a former American basketball player and now an assistant coach for the Nevada Wolf Pack men’s basketball program. He played college basketball for the Nevada Wolf Pack and Oregon State Beavers.

Oregon State Beavers men's basketball
The Oregon State Beavers men's basketball program, established in 1901, is the intercollegiate men's basketball program of Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon. Members of the West Coast Conference in NCAA Division I, the team plays home games on campus at Gill Coliseum, and the current head coach is Wayne Tinkle.

Oregon State has won 14 conference championships and appeared in the NCAA tournament 18 times (three 
(1980–82) were later vacated by the NCAA). The Beavers have advanced to the Final Four twice (1949, 1963), and their most recent tournament appearance was in 2021, when they advanced to the Elite Eight after winning their first tournament games since 1982.

As of the 2023 season the Oregon State men's basketball holds the NCAA record for most games played against a single opponent with 362 games played against the Oregon Ducks men's basketball team and the NCAA record for 2nd most victories against a single opponent with 195 victories against the Ducks.
Myriopteris cooperae
Myriopteris cooperae, commonly called (Mrs.) Cooper's lip fern, is a small fern endemic to California. Its leaves grow in clusters and are highly dissected into oblong segments, rather than the beadlike segments found in some other members of the genus. The axes of the leaves are dark and covered in long, flattened hairs. One of the cheilanthoid lip ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes cooperae until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It grows in rocky habitats, usually over limestone. The species was named in honor of its collector, Sarah Paxson Cooper; according to Daniel Cady Eaton, who described it in 1875, it was the first fern species to be named for a female botanist.

Daniel Cady Eaton
Daniel Cady Eaton (September 12, 1834 – June 29, 1895) was an American botanist and author.  After studies at the Rensselaer Institute in Troy and  Russell's military school in New Haven, he gained his bachelor's degree at Yale College, then went on to Harvard University, where he studied with Asa Gray. He then went to Yale University's Sheffield Scientific School in 1864, where he was a botany professor: 8  and herbarium curator. With William Gilson Farlow and Charles Lewis Anderson he issued the exsiccata series Algae exsiccatae Americae Borealis (1877-1889). Eaton is the grandson of Amos Eaton.

He also worked in Utah, contributing to the US-Mexican Boundary Survey, and various geological surveys.
New York Central Tugboat 16
New York Central Tugboat 16 was a railroad tugboat built in 1924 for car float service. The vessel operated with the New York Central Railroad from its completion until its retirement in 1969. In 1982, it was moved to dry land at Bourne, Massachusetts, where it remained as a local attraction until it was dismantled in 2006.

Bourne, Massachusetts
Bourne (/bɔːrn/ BORN) is a town on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. The population was 20,452 at the 2020 census.

For geographic and demographic information on specific parts of the town of Bourne, please see the articles on Bourne (CDP), Buzzards Bay, Monument Beach, Pocasset, Sagamore, and Sagamore Beach.
Jesper Storm
Jesper Storm (born 23 July 1982) is a Danish former handballer. His last club was Danish Handball League side Aarhus GF. He joined the club in 2002.

He has previously played for league rivals KIF Kolding.
He ended his career in 2009 due to back injuries at the age of only 26.

Herreligaen
The Herreligaen (men's league), formerly known as Herrehåndboldligaen (men's handball league), is the men's top Danish professional handball league. The winners of the Herreligaen are recognised as the Danish men's handball champions. The current champions are Aalborg Håndbold.
Simona Caparrini
Simona Caparrini (born 5 January 1972) is an Italian actress. She is known for: To Rome with Love, directed by Woody Allen, where she plays Aunt Joan, the uptight member of Roman high society; Romeo & Juliet, directed by Carlo Carlei; and the Warner Bros. production The Man from U.N.C.L.E., directed by Guy Ritchie.

Romeo & Juliet (2013 film)
Romeo & Juliet is a 2013 film adaptation of William Shakespeare's romantic tragedy. Written by Julian Fellowes and directed by Carlo Carlei, it stars Hailee Steinfeld, Douglas Booth, Damian Lewis, Kodi Smit-McPhee, Ed Westwick, Stellan Skarsgård and Paul Giamatti. The film opened in the United Kingdom and the United States on 11 October 2013 and in Italia on 12 February 2015. While remaining faithful to the original plot, it uses only some of the dialogue written by Shakespeare. This has led to several critics denouncing the film on the grounds that it loses the essence of the play. The film grossed $3 million.
Petar Palić
Petar Palić (born 3 July 1972) is a Bosnian-Herzegovinian prelate of the Catholic Church who is currently the bishop of Mostar-Duvno and apostolic administrator of Trebinje-Mrkan since 2020.

Palić descends from the Kosovo Croat family, being born in Pristina. After graduating from the Faculty of Catholic Theology in Zagreb in 1995, Palić was ordained a priest in 1996 and held various pastoral and administrative posts in the Diocese of Dubrovnik. He was bishop of the Diocese of Hvar-Brač-Vis from 2018 to 2020.

Diocese of Dubrovnik
The Diocese of Dubrovnik (Croatian: Dubrovačka biskupija); or Ragusa (Latin: Dioecesis Ragusiensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in southern Croatia. The diocese is centred in the city of Dubrovnik. It was first erected in 990. From 1120 to 1828 it was elevated to the status of archdiocese. By papal bull Locum Beati Petri it was degraded to the level of a diocese in 1828.

The Cathedral of Assumption in Dubrovnik was built in 1713 after the previous cathedral was destroyed in an earthquake. Current bishop Roko Glasnović is head of the diocese. He was appointed by Pope Francis in 2021. Dubrovnik's patron saint is Saint Blaise (locally called Sveti Vlaho).
Hegde
Hegde (IPA: [heɡɖe]) or Heggade Pergade is a common surname found primarily in the Kanara, Tulu Nadu and Konkan regions of India. It is prevalent among various Hindu communities in these regions, including the Kuruba, Bunt, Saraswat Brahmins, Kannada Jain, Havyaka Brahmin, and Vokkaliga communities of Karnataka.

Bunt (community)
The Bunt (/ˈbʌnt/, Tulu: [bɐɳʈɐɾɯ]) people are an ethnic tuluva community who historically have inhabited the Tulu Nadu region  in South India. The Bunts were traditionally a warrior-class or martial caste community, with agrarian origins, forming the landed gentry of the region. They are the dominant land-owning, farming and banking community of Tulu Nadu and speak Tulu and Kundagannada as their mother tongue. Today, the Bunts are a largely urbanised community, with a population size of less than one million worldwide.
Duane Bobick
Duane David Bobick (born August 24, 1950) is an American former boxer. As an amateur, Bobick won the gold medal at the 1971 Pan American Games and fought at the 1972 Olympics. He then turned professional in 1973 and retired in 1979 with a record of 48 wins (42 by knockout) and four losses, all by knockout. He scored notable wins over future heavyweight champion Mike Weaver and contenders Chuck Wepner, Scott LeDoux, Randy Neumann and Manuel Ramos. From 1973 to 1977, he compiled a record of 38–0 with 32 knockouts which made him the number 3 contender in the division before he was defeated by number 1 contender Ken Norton by a TKO in the first round after 58 seconds of fighting.

Manuel Ramos (boxer)
Manuel Ramos (November 20, 1942 – June 6, 1999), nicknamed Pulgarcito (Tom Thumb), was a Mexican boxer and actor.  He was the heavyweight champion of Mexico, a top world title contender in the late 1960s, and one of Mexico's most internationally successful heavyweights. On June 24, 1968, Ramos became the first Mexican to challenge for the heavyweight crown when he fought reigning champion Joe Frazier at Madison Square Garden in New York City.
Cheah Soon Kit
Datuk Cheah Soon Kit (Current name: Chinese: 謝勛寁; Jyutping: Ze6 Fan1 Zaam2; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiā Hun-chám / Birth name: Chinese: 謝順吉; Jyutping: Ze6 Seon6 Gat1; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiā Sūn-kiat) PMW KMN BSD (born 9 January 1968) is a former Malaysian badminton player and coach.

Orders, decorations, and medals of the Malaysian states and federal territories
The orders, decorations, and medals of the Malaysian states and federal territories, in which each state and federal territory of Malaysia has devised a system of orders and awards to honour residents for actions or deeds that benefit their local community or state, are in turn subsumed within the Malaysian honours system. Each state sets their own rules and criteria on eligibility and also how each medal is awarded and presented. Most of the orders allow for the recipient to wear their orders in public, and most grant the recipients the use of post-nominal letters in their names.
Thomas Gordon William Ashbourne
Thomas Gordon William Ashbourne (December 4, 1894 – March 8, 1984) was a Newfoundlander and Canadian politician. After serving in World War I, Ashbourne served in the Newfoundland House of Assembly as a member for Twillingate from 1924 to 1928. In 1946, he was elected to the Newfoundland National Convention, and he became a supporter of Newfoundland's Confederation with Canada. Following Newfoundland's entry into Canada, he then served in the Canadian Parliament for the riding of Grand Falls—White Bay—Labrador from 1949 to 1958.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
Buck Nin
Buck Loy Nin (1942–1996) was a New Zealand artist and advocate influential in the development of contemporary Māori art and education in New Zealand. His landscape paintings have been included in survey exhibitions of contemporary Māori art including Te Waka Toi: Contemporary Maori Art that toured the United States in 1992 and Toi Tū Toi Ora: Contemporary Māori Art curated by Nigel Borrell and opened in 2020. He was also instrumental in the establishment of Te Wānanga o Aotearoa as a tertiary institution.  Selwyn Muru called him 'Buck Nin the Mythmaker'..

Selwyn Muru
Selwyn Frederick Muru (6 September 1937 – 24 January 2024), also known as Herewini Murupaenga, was a New Zealand artist. Of Māori descent (Te Aupōuri, Ngāti Kurī), his life's work included painting, sculpture, journalism, broadcasting, directing, acting, set design, theatre, poetry, and whaikōrero. Muru was awarded the Te Tohu Aroha mō Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu | Exemplary/Supreme Award in 1990 at the Creative New Zealand Te Waka Awards.