hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Secotioid
Secotioid fungi produce an intermediate fruiting body form that is between the mushroom-like hymenomycetes and the closed bag-shaped gasteromycetes, where an evolutionary process of gasteromycetation has started but not run to completion.  Secotioid fungi may or may not have opening caps, but in any case they often lack the vertical geotropic orientation of the hymenophore needed to allow the spores to be dispersed by wind, and the basidiospores are not forcibly discharged or otherwise prevented from being dispersed (e.g. gills completely inclosed and never exposed as in the secotioid form of Lentinus tigrinus)—note—some mycologists do not consider a species to be secotioid unless it has lost ballistospory.

Bolete
A bolete is a type of mushroom, or fungal fruiting body. It can be identified thanks to a unique cap. On the underside of the cap there is usually a spongy surface with pores, instead of the gills typical of mushrooms. A similar pore surface is found in polypores, but these species generally have a different physical structure from boletes, and have different microscopic characteristics than boletes. Many polypores have much firmer, often woody, flesh.

"Bolete" is the English common name for fungus species with caps that have this appearance.

Some, but not all boletes bruise blue.
Thomas Wallace (RAF officer)
Thomas Young Wallace DFM (5 October 1916 – 11 November 1944) was a South African fighter pilot and flying ace of the Royal Air Force (RAF). He was credited with at least six aerial victories during the Second World War.

From Johannesburg, Wallace joined the RAF in 1939 and once his training was completed in June the following year was posted as a pilot officer to No. 610 Squadron. He lost his commission after a court-martial for being absent without leave but promptly joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve. He was posted to No. 111 Squadron and flying a Hawker Hurricane fighter achieved a number of aerial victories during the Battle of Britain. He spent the next three years of his war service in non-operational roles until September 1944, when he was given command of No. 609 Squadron. He was killed in action while flying a Hawker Typhoon fighter over Dunkirk in France.

Distinguished Flying Medal
The Distinguished Flying Medal (DFM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the Royal Air Force and other British Armed Forces, and formerly to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for "exceptional valour, courage or devotion to duty whilst flying in active operations against the enemy". The award was discontinued in 1993 when all ranks became eligible for the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) as part of the reform of the British honours system.
Hiland Hall
Hiland Hall (July 20, 1795 – December 18, 1885) was an American lawyer and politician who served as 25th governor of Vermont from 1858 to 1860. He also served five consecutive terms as a United States representative from 1833 to 1843.

Governor of Vermont
The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

There is no limit on the number of terms a Vermont governor can serve. If no candidate receives at least 50% plus one vote of all votes for governor cast in the election, the governor of Vermont is then elected by the state legislature. The incumbent Vermont governor is Republican Phil Scott. He was sworn in on January 5, 2017, becoming Vermont's 82nd governor.

Despite having a Republican governor, Vermont has the most Democratic Cook Partisan Voting Index of any of the 50 U.S. states, at D+17.
Loud (esports)
Loud (stylized in all caps) is a Brazilian esports organization with teams competing in Free Fire, League of Legends, Valorant and Brawl Stars. Founded in 2019, LOUD is the esports organization with the largest number of followers on social media in Brazil and the second largest in the world. LOUD's Valorant team won 2022 Valorant Champions and Best Esports Team at Esports Awards and The Game Awards.

Valorant
Valorant (stylized as VALORANT) is a 2020 first-person tactical hero shooter video game developed and published by Riot Games. A free-to-play game, Valorant takes inspiration from the Counter-Strike series, borrowing several mechanics such as the buy menu, spray patterns, and inaccuracy while moving. Development started in 2014 and was teased under the codename Project A in 2019; the game was released on June 2, 2020, for Windows. It was ported to the PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S in June 2024, albeit without crossplay between PC and console clients. A mobile version, Valorant Mobile (Chinese: 《无畏契约：源能行动》), launched in China on August 19, 2025, with a global release set at a later date.
Line 14 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 14 of the Shanghai Metro is an east-west metro line opened on 30 December 2021. The line, consisting of 31 stations, starts from Fengbang town in Jiading District, and terminate in Jinqiao town in Pudong New Area via Zhenru, Jing'an Temple, Dashijie, and Lujiazui. Its total length is 39.1 kilometres (24.3 mi), and passengers are able to transfer to 13 existing and planned metro lines. Due to Line 14 cutting across some of the densest areas of Shanghai and being a relief line for line 2, high ridership is expected for the line. As such the line uses high capacity 8 car A size trains similar to lines 1 and 2. The line uses an automatic train control system jointly developed by Thales and Shanghai Electric. Line 14 is fully driverless. The line is colored olive on system maps.

Line 2 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 2 is an east–west line in the Shanghai Metro network. With a length of nearly 64 km (40 mi), it is the second longest line in the metro system after line 11. Line 2 runs from Panxiang Road · Shanghai National Accounting Institute station in the west to Pudong Airport Terminal 1&2 in the east, passing Hongqiao Airport, the Huangpu river, and the Lujiazui Financial District in Pudong. With a daily ridership of over 1.9 million, it is the busiest line on the Shanghai Metro. The eastern portion of the line, Guanglan Road - Pudong International Airport section, was operated as an independent service route until April 19, 2019, when through service began. The line is colored light green on system maps.
St. Louis '93
St. Louis '93 is a six-disc live album by the rock band Phish. It includes two complete concerts, recorded on April 14, 1993 and August 16, 1993.

Phish's 1993 tour in support of their fourth studio album, Rift, saw the band play colleges and theaters. St. Louis '93 includes the band's first stop at the American Theater that year, April 14, dubbed the "Roger Proposal" show when Trey Anastasio's friend Roger Holloway opened Set II by proposing to his girlfriend onstage.

Phish returned to the American on August 16. Jams connected many of the songs. The show finished with a quartet of covers, including Duke Ellington's "Take the "A" Train", Led Zeppelin's "Good Times Bad Times", "Amazing Grace", and Felice and Boudleaux Bryant's country standard "Rocky Top".

Rift (album)
Rift is the fourth studio album by the American rock band Phish, released on February 2, 1993, by Elektra Records. It is a concept album, detailing the experience of a man dreaming about the rift in his relationship with his girlfriend. Rift was recorded in September and October 1992 and produced by Barry Beckett. Rift was certified gold by the RIAA on October 15, 1997.

Rift marked the second time that the band had recorded a concept album, but the first—the rock opera–styled The Man Who Stepped into Yesterday—has never been officially released.
R v Instan
R v Instan (1893) 1 QB 450 is an English criminal law manslaughter case confirming how the actus reus of manslaughter can be one of inactive negligence (that is, neglect), as the common law imposes a basic duty of care onto an adult who voluntarily undertakes the regular care of another. Here, the defendant was related to a patient who had gangrene and had in her home the funds for food to maintain both parties. The case's jurisprudential explanations for how the common law is arrived at by such a research and analysis process, not in a vacuum but rather by reference to strong moral obligations. The case has been widely cited by other leading decisions and is one of the many appeal-level decisions that inform the variety of acts and omissions sufficient to amount to the offence of gross negligence manslaughter. That subtly changes very slightly, as society's codes of morality and professional contexts evolve.

Manslaughter in English law
In the English law of homicide, manslaughter is a less serious offence than murder, the differential being between levels of fault based on the mens rea (Latin for "guilty mind") or by reason of a partial defence. In England and Wales, a common practice is to prefer a charge of murder, with the judge or defence able to introduce manslaughter as an option (see alternative verdict). The jury then decides whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty of either murder or manslaughter. On conviction for manslaughter, sentencing is at the judge's discretion, whereas a sentence of life imprisonment is mandatory on conviction for murder. Manslaughter may be either voluntary or involuntary, depending on whether the accused has the required mens rea for murder.
Calcit Volley (women's)
Odbojkarski klub Kamnik (English: Kamnik Volleyball Club), known as Calcit Volley or Calcit Kamnik due to sponsorship reasons, is a Slovenian women's volleyball team from Kamnik. The team competes in the Slovenian Volleyball League and in MEVZA League.

Kamnik
Kamnik (pronounced [ˈkáːmnik] ⓘ; German: Stein or Stein in Oberkrain) is the ninth-largest town of Slovenia, located in the traditional province of Upper Carniola (northern Slovenia). It is the seat of the Municipality of Kamnik, which encompasses a large part of the Kamnik Alps and the surrounding area. The town of Kamnik has three castles as well as many examples of historical architecture.
2020 United States House of Representatives election in the District of Columbia
On November 3, 2020, the District of Columbia held an election for its non-voting House delegate representing the District of Columbia's at-large congressional district. The election coincided with the elections of other federal, state, and local offices.

The non-voting delegate is elected for a two-year term. Democrat Eleanor Holmes Norton, who had represented the district since 1991, was re-elected to a sixteenth term in office.

Eleanor Holmes Norton
Eleanor Holmes Norton (born June 13, 1937) is an American politician, lawyer, and human rights activist. Norton is a congressional delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives, where she has represented the District of Columbia since 1991 as a member of the Democratic Party. She is serving her eighteenth term in the United States House of Representatives.

Prior to serving in Congress, Norton organized for Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee during the civil rights movement. From 1977 to 1981, she was the first female chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

Norton will not seek re-election to the House of Representatives in 2026.
2014 Outer Critics Circle Awards
The 2014 Outer Critics Circle Awards announced its winners on May 12, 2014, recognizing excellence in Broadway and Off-Broadway productions during the 2013–14 season. Nominations were announced on April 22, 2014, with A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder leading the nominations with 11. Following close behind were Aladdin with eight, Fun Home with seven and Rocky with six nominations. Among plays, Twelfth Night led with five nominations, the most of any play.

The awards were noted to be spread evenly across several productions, with no nominated production receiving more than four awards. A Gentleman's Guide won four awards, followed by Bullets Over Broadway and The Glass Menagerie with three each. With two wins each were All the Way and Hedwig and the Angry Inch.

A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder
A Gentleman's Guide to Love & Murder is a musical comedy with music by Steven Lutvak, lyrics by Lutvak and Robert L. Freedman, and a book by Freedman. It is based on the 1907 fictional novel Israel Rank: The Autobiography of a Criminal by Roy Horniman.

The show opened on Broadway at the Walter Kerr Theatre November 17, 2013, running until January 17, 2016. The Broadway production won four Tony Awards at the 68th Tony Awards in June 2014, including Best Musical.

The novel was also the source for the 1949 British film Kind Hearts and Coronets, with which it shares the conceit of casting one actor as an entire family; however, after a lengthy legal battle, the infringement claim from the film's copyright holder was dismissed. A small production of the show was also performed in 2004 under the same name of the 1949 film.
Peeter All
Peeter All (c. 1829–1898) was an Estonian fisherman, farmer, ship captain, shipowner, rescuer of mariners in distress, and salvage diver. He is best known for his multifaceted maritime career and contributions to the Estonian maritime industry.

Estonians
Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily their nation state of Estonia.

Estonians primarily speak the Estonian language, a language closely related to other Finnic languages, e.g. Finnish, Karelian and Livonian. Estonians can also be classified into subgroups according to dialects (e.g. Võros, Setos), although such divisions have become less pronounced due to internal migration and rapid urbanisation in Estonia in the 20th century.

There are approximately 1.1 million ethnic Estonians worldwide, with the majority of them residing in their native Estonia. Estonian diaspora communities formed primarily in Finland, the United States, Sweden, Canada, and the United Kingdom.
Eight Grand Ministries
The Eight Grand Ministries, also called Badabu (Chinese: 八大部, pinyin: bā dà bù), refer to the former buildings of the State Council and its ministries of the Manchukuo government. They still exist almost intact on and around Xinmin Avenue of Changchun, Jilin Province, China, are used by Jilin University's Medical School and others, and have recently become one of the highlights of Changchun's sightseeing, because of their impressive, combined Chinese, Japanese and Manchurian architecture.

Museum of the Imperial Palace of Manchukuo
The Museum of the Imperial Palace of Manchukuo (simplified Chinese: 伪满皇宫博物院; traditional Chinese: 偽滿皇宮博物院; pinyin: Wěi Mǎn Huánggōng Bówùyuàn; lit. 'The Illegitimate Manchukuo Imperial Palace Museum') is a museum in the northeastern corner of Changchun, Jilin province, northeast China. The palace was the official residence created by the Imperial Japanese Army for the last emperor of China, Puyi, to live in as part of his role as emperor of the Japanese puppet state of  Manchukuo. In the People's Republic of China the structures are generally referred to as the Puppet Emperor's Palace & Exhibition Hall. It is classified as a AAAAA scenic area by the China National Tourism Administration.
Sierra Madre Formation
The Sierra Madre Formation is a geologic formation in Chiapas state, southern Mexico. It consists of marine dolomites and limestones. The formation dates to the Middle Cretaceous, spanning from the Aptian of the Early to the Cenomanian of the Late Cretaceous.

The dolomites, dolomitic breccias and limestones of the formation have been deposited in a lagoonal to estuarine environment and contain many fossil fish, flora and rudists, typical reef-building organisms of the Cretaceous.

The formation rests on top of the Santiago and San Ricardo Formations, and is overlain by the Campanian to Maastrichtian Ocozocoautla Formation. The thickness of a composite section of the formation amounts to 2,590 metres (8,500 ft).

Depositional environment
In geology, depositional environment or sedimentary environment describes the combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment and, therefore, the rock types that will be formed after lithification, if the sediment is preserved in the rock record. In most cases, the environments associated with particular rock types or associations of rock types can be matched to existing analogues. However, the further back in geological time sediments were deposited, the more likely that direct modern analogues are not available (e.g. banded iron formations).
Rajesh Verma (Khagaria politician)
Rajesh Verma (born 15 August 1992) is an Indian politician, businessman, former Deputy Mayor of Bhagalpur Municipal Corporation and member of Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas). He has been elected as Member of Parliament from Khagaria Lok Sabha constituency Bihar in 18th Lok Sabha election. He joined Lok Janshakti (Ram Vilas) in July 2020.

Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)
Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) (abbr. LJP(RV), lit. 'People's Manpower Party (Ram Vilas)') is an Indian political party formed in 2021 under the leadership of Chirag Paswan. Election Commission of India froze the symbol of erstwhile main Lok Janshakti Party and allotted new name and symbol to both factions. It is now one of two separate factions – the other being the Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party.
Do You Believe? (The Beatnuts song)
"Do You Believe?" is the second single from Stone Crazy, a 1997 album by East Coast hip hop group the Beatnuts. It was released by Relativity Records as a single with "Give Me Tha Ass" as its b-side in 1997. The song is produced by The Beatnuts and features raps by Juju and Psycho Les. Juju begins the song with a verse about his "ghetto mentality," while Psycho Les raps a verse about partying and making music. Juju's verse was later sampled in the song "Dos Factotum" by Louis Logic, while Psycho Les' verse was sampled in "Bottom Feeders" by Smut Peddlers. The song's mournful beat contains a samples "Fueron Tres Anos" by Chilean band Los Ángeles Negros.

"Do You Believe?" was the first single from Stone Crazy to chart; it reached number 27 on Hot Rap Singles and number 81 on Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Despite its relative commercial success, it is only featured on one of three Beatnuts hits compilations: 1999's World Famous Classics.

The Beatnuts
The Beatnuts is an American hip hop group and production duo from New York City. Its current members are JuJu and Psycho Les. JuJu (born Jerry Tineo on December 14, 1968) is a Dominican American from Corona and Psycho Les (born Lester Fernandez on April 10, 1970) is a Colombian American from Jackson Heights, Queens. Although only peripheral members, they are routinely acknowledged by Q-Tip as being members of Native Tongues. The Beatnuts were originally a trio before Fashion (born Berntony Smalls on January 13, 1970), now known as Al' Tariq, left the group to start a solo career. V.I.C. (Groove Merchantz, Ghetto Pros) was also a member of The Beatnuts' production team for a while.
Cell microprocessor implementations
Cell microprocessors are multi-core processors that use cellular architecture for high performance distributed computing. The first commercial Cell microprocessor, the Cell BE, was designed for the Sony PlayStation 3. IBM designed the PowerXCell 8i for use in the Roadrunner supercomputer.

Roadrunner (supercomputer)
Roadrunner was a supercomputer built by IBM for the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, USA. The US$100-million Roadrunner was designed for a peak performance of 1.7 petaflops.  It achieved 1.026 petaflops on May 25, 2008, to become the world's first TOP500 LINPACK sustained 1.0 petaflops system.

In November 2008, it reached a top performance of 1.456 petaFLOPS, retaining its top spot in the TOP500 list. It was also the fourth-most energy-efficient supercomputer in the world on the Supermicro Green500 list, with an operational rate of 444.94 megaflops per watt of power used. The hybrid Roadrunner design was then reused for several other energy efficient supercomputers. Roadrunner was decommissioned by Los Alamos on March 31, 2013. In its place, Los Alamos commissioned a supercomputer called Cielo, which was installed in 2010.
16 All-Time Greatest Hits
16 All-Time Greatest Hits is the 11th compilation album by American bluegrass musician Bill Monroe and his band, the Blue Grass Boys. Released by Columbia Records in August 1970, it features 16 songs recorded for the label between 1945 and 1949, all of which were previously released as singles or B-sides. 16 All-Time Greatest Hits is the fourth album released by Columbia covering Monroe's late-1940s output for the label, and is made up entirely of tracks featured on two compilations released by its subsidiary Harmony Records already: The Great Bill Monroe and his Blue Grass Boys (1961) and The Original Blue Grass Sound (1965).

The Original Blue Grass Sound
The Original Blue Grass Sound is the seventh compilation album by American bluegrass musician Bill Monroe and his band, the Blue Grass Boys. Released by Harmony Records in June 1965, it features ten songs recorded for singles between 1946 and 1949. The Original Blue Grass Sound is the third Monroe compilation issued by Harmony to cover the late-1940s Columbia Records period, following The Great Bill Monroe and his Blue Grass Boys (1961) and Bill Monroe's Best (1964).
Italian cruiser Coatit
Coatit was a torpedo cruiser of the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) built in the late 1890s. She was the second and final member of the Agordat class. The ship, which was armed with twelve 76 mm (3 in) guns and two 450 mm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes, was too slow and short-ranged to be able to scout effectively for the fleet, so her career was limited. She saw action during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911–1912, where she provided gunfire support to Italian troops in North Africa. She also caused a minor diplomatic incident from an attack on retreating Ottoman soldiers in Anatolia. Coatit was part of an international fleet sent to Constantinople when the city appeared to be at risk of falling to the Bulgarian Army during the First Balkan War. In 1919, she was converted into a minelayer and was sold for scrap in 1920.

Torpedo cruiser
A torpedo cruiser is a type of warship that is armed primarily with torpedoes. The major navies began building torpedo cruisers shortly after the invention of the locomotive Whitehead torpedo in the 1860s. The development of the torpedo gave rise to the Jeune École doctrine, which held that small warships armed with torpedoes could effectively and cheaply defeat much larger battleships. Torpedo cruisers fell out of favor in most of the great power navies in the 1890s, though many other navies continued to acquire them into the early 1900s.

The Imperial Japanese Navy rebuilt two Kuma-class light cruisers into torpedo cruisers during World War II. Unlike the earlier vessels, these ships were intended to launch their Type 93 torpedo oxygen torpedoes at extreme range at night to surprise enemy warships. They never saw action in their intended role, however, and were quickly converted into troop transports as well as a Kaiten (suicide torpedo) carrier.