hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Demetrius Kantakouzenos
Demetrius Kantakouzenos (Serbian: Димитрије Кантакузин/Dimitrije Kantakuzin; born 1435—fl. 1487) was a Serbian writer of Greek origin who lived in the 15th century Serbian Despotate. He attained literary prominence at the same time as Vladislav Gramatik and others of his generation.

Serbian Despotate
The Serbian Despotate (Serbian: Српска деспотовина / Srpska despotovina) was a medieval Serbian state in the first half of the 15th century. Although the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 is mistakenly considered the end of medieval Serbia, the Despotate, a successor of the Serbian Empire and Moravian Serbia, lasted for another 70 years, experiencing a cultural, economic, and political renaissance, especially during the reign of Despot Stefan Lazarević. After the death of Despot Đurađ Branković in 1456, the Despotate continued to exist for another three years before it finally fell under Ottoman rule in 1459.

After 1459, political traditions of the Serbian Despotate continued to exist in exile, in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, with several titular despots of Serbia, who were appointed by kings of Hungary. The last titular Despot of Serbia was Pavle Bakić, who fell in the Battle of Gorjani in 1537.
J. Mohammed Imam
J. Mohammed Imam (15 February 1897, Jagalur – 3 January 1983) was an Indian politician and 2 time Member of Parliament (MP), represented the Chitradurga constituency in Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament.

Chitradurga Lok Sabha constituency
Chitradurga Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 28 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Karnataka state in southern India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes This constituency covers the entire Chitradurga district and part of Tumkur district.
1991 Zeila incursion
The 1991 Zeila incursion (Somali: Dagaalkii Saylac) was a Djiboutian-backed incursion during the Somaliland War of Independence led by the United Somali Front (USF), purporting to politically represent the Issa clans in the western Awdal region of Somaliland, with the goal of annexing the towns of Zeila, Loyada and Gerisa (Zeyla triangle) to Djibouti.

A combined force of United Somali Front (USF) militia fighters mostly consisting of Issa from Djibouti and remnant Somali regiments of the Darod clan entered Somaliland and temporarily took over parts of western Awdal, including Zeila, Loyada and Gerisa, before being routed by SNM forces.

Awdal
Awdal (Somali: Awdal, Arabic: أودَل)  is an administrative region (gobol) in western Somaliland. It was separated from Woqooyi Galbeed and became a province in 1984 and is the most northwesterly province of Somaliland. To the east it borders Maroodi Jeex and Sahil; to its north-west it borders Djibouti; to its south and south-west lies Ethiopia; and the Gulf of Aden is to its north. The province has an estimated population of 1,010,566. The region comprises the four districts of Borama, the regional capital, Baki, Lughaya, and Zeila.
Niney the Observer
Winston Holness, better known as Niney the Observer OD (born George Boswell, 1944 in Montego Bay, Jamaica), is a Jamaican record producer and conscious roots reggae singer who is a key figure in the creation of many classic reggae recordings, discomixes and sound system dubplates dating from the 1970s and early 1980s.

Dubplate
A dubplate is an acetate disc usually of 10 inches diameter, traditionally used by studios to test recordings prior to mastering for the subsequent pressing of a vinyl record, but pioneered by reggae sound systems as a way to play exclusive music. They would later become an important facet of the jungle/drum and bass, UK garage, grime and dubstep music scenes.
John Chaldos
John Chaldos (Greek: Ἰωάννης Χάλδος; fl. 995–1030) was a Byzantine general and provincial governor during the reign of Emperor Basil II. A native of Chaldia, he served as strategos of the Armeniac and Bucellarian themes before becoming dux of Thessalonica around 995. Soon after taking up the post he was captured in a Bulgarian ambush and spent 22 years in captivity, being released only after the Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria in 1018.

Chaldos later reappears during Emperor Romanos III Argyros' campaign against the Mirdasid emirate of Aleppo in 1030, where he advised against the expedition that ended in the Byzantine defeat at Azaz.

Romanos III Argyros
Romanos III Argyros (Greek: Ῥωμανός Ἀργυρός, romanized: Rōmanos Argyros; Latinized Romanus III Argyrus; 968 – 11 April 1034), or Argyropoulos, was Byzantine Emperor from 1028 until his death in 1034. He was a Byzantine noble and senior official in Constantinople when the dying Constantine VIII forced him to divorce his wife and marry the emperor's daughter, Zoë. Upon Constantine's death three days later, Romanos took the throne.

Romanos has been recorded as a well-meaning but ineffective emperor. He disorganised the tax system and undermined the military, personally leading a disastrous military expedition against Aleppo. He fell out with his wife and foiled several attempts on his throne, including two which revolved around his sister-in-law Theodora. He spent large amounts on the construction and repair of churches and monasteries. He died after six years on the throne, allegedly murdered, and was succeeded by his wife's young lover, Michael IV.
Alex Attwood
Alexander Gerard Attwood (born 26 April 1959) is an Irish Electoral officer and former Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) politician who served as Minister for Social Development from 2010 to 2011, and Minister for Environment in the Northern Ireland Executive from 2011 to 2013. 
Atwood served as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for  Belfast West from 1998 to 2017.

Electoral Commission (Ireland)
The Electoral Commission (An Coimisiún Toghcháin) is an election commission with responsibility for the oversight of all elections in Ireland, including electoral operations, constituency reviews and electoral integrity. It was established in 2023. Prior to its establishment, some of these functions had been carried out by various government departments, local government officials, statutory agencies and components of the Oireachtas and in the case of Boundaries by a judge led commission, while other functions are novel to the new Commission.

A proposal for an electoral commission was first considered in a government report commissioned in 2008, and was developed by a series of governments since then, before the publication of the heads of a bill in 2021.
23rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment
The 23rd Guards Tallinn Fighter Aviation Regiment (Russian: 23-й гвардейский истребительный авиационный Таллинский полк; Military Unit Number 77984) is a fighter aviation regiment of the Russian Aerospace Forces. Based at Dzyomgi, the regiment is part of the 303rd Mixed Aviation Division of the 11th Air and Air Defense Forces Army. Flying the Sukhoi Su-35S, the regiment participated in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

In 2023, the unit became the first operational regiment equipped with the Sukhoi Su-57 air superiority fighter.

Aerial warfare in the Russo-Ukrainian war
During the Russo-Ukrainian war, aerial warfare took place as early as the dawn of 24 February 2022, with Russian infantry and armored divisions entering into Eastern Ukraine with air support. Dozens of missile attacks were reported across Ukraine. The main infantry and tank attacks were launched in four spearhead incursions, creating a northern front launched towards Kyiv, a southern front originating in Crimea, a south-eastern front launched at the cities of Luhansk and Donbas, and an eastern front. Dozens of missile strikes across Ukraine also reached as far west as Lviv. Drones have also been a critical part of the invasion, particularly in regards to combined arms warfare. Drones have additionally been employed by Russia in striking Ukrainian critical infrastructure, and have been used by Ukraine to strike military infrastructure in Russian territory.
Erika Alexander
Erika Rose Alexander (born November 19, 1969) is an American actress, writer, producer, entrepreneur and activist who played the roles of Pam Tucker on the NBC sitcom The Cosby Show from 1990 to 1992, and Maxine Shaw on the Fox sitcom Living Single from 1993 to 1998. She has won numerous awards for her work on Living Single, including two NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series. Her film credits include The Long Walk Home (1990), 30 Years to Life (2001), Déjà Vu (2006), Get Out (2017), American Refugee (2021), Earth Mama (2023) and American Fiction (2023), for which she was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Performance.

Déjà Vu (2006 film)
Déjà Vu is a 2006 American science fiction action thriller film directed by Tony Scott, written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio, and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer. The film stars Denzel Washington, Paula Patton, Jim Caviezel, Val Kilmer, Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood. It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in an attempt to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love.

Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina. The film premiered in New York City on November 20, 2006, and was released in the United States and Canada on November 22, 2006. It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $180.6 million worldwide against its $75 million production budget. It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006.
Impeachment in California
In California, the process of impeachment has existed throughout its statehood allowing the State Legislature to remove certain officeholders. The State Assembly can initiate an impeachment, bringing about an impeachment trial in the State Senate through which an officeholder can be either suspended from office or removed from their office and disqualified from again holding state office.

Impeachment trial
An impeachment trial is a trial that functions as a component of an impeachment. Several governments utilize impeachment trials as a part of their processes for impeachment. Differences exist between governments as to what stage trials take place in their processes for impeachment, and how such trials are held.
Richard Fraser (actor)
Richard Fraser (born Richard Mackie Simpson; 15 March 1913 – 19 January 1972) was a Scottish film, television, and stage actor. He is perhaps best known for his role in the 1945 film The Picture of Dorian Gray.

The Picture of Dorian Gray (1945 film)
The Picture of Dorian Gray is a 1945 American supernatural horror-drama film based on Oscar Wilde's 1890 novel The Picture of Dorian Gray. Released in March 1945 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, the film was written and directed by Albert Lewin and produced by Pandro S. Berman. It stars George Sanders as Lord Henry Wotton and Hurd Hatfield as Dorian Gray, alongside Donna Reed, Angela Lansbury, Peter Lawford, and Lowell Gilmore. Cedric Hardwicke narrates.

The film is shot primarily in black-and-white, except four inserts in three-strip Technicolor of Dorian's portrait ranging from the youthful painting by Henrique Medina and the final, degenerate portrait by Ivan Le Lorraine Albright. The film was a critical success, winning the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for Harry Stradling. Angela Lansbury won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and received an Academy Award nomination for her role as Sibyl Vane.
Kuppathu Raja (2019 film)
Kuppathu Raja (transl. King of Slums) is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language action comedy-drama film written and directed by choreographer Baba Bhaskar. The film stars G. V. Prakash Kumar, Parthiban, Palak Lalwani and Poonam Bajwa, with Yogi Babu in supporting roles. The background score and soundtrack were composed by G. V. Prakash himself, while cinematography was dealt by Mahesh Muthuswami and editing was managed by Praveen. The film began pre-production in March 2017. Kuppathu Raja is produced by Saravanan, Siraj and Saravanan under the banner S FOCUSS production.

Praveen K. L.
Kuchipudi Latha Praveen (born 1987 or 1988) is an Indian film editor, who works predominantly in Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, Malayalam and English films. He is a recipient of one National Film Award, one Tamil Nadu State Film Award among others. He has edited over 100 films across different languages so far. His next film is Jason Sanjay's directorial debut.
FC Gagra
FC Gagra (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი გაგრა) is a Georgian professional football club which competes in the Erovnuli Liga, the first tier of Georgian football.

The club has its origins in Gagra, Abkhazia. It was founded in Tbilisi by former player and coach Goderdzi Chikhradze and his cousin in 2004 with a plan to move the club to Gagra in the end, but due to the ongoing Abkhazia conflict the team plays its home games in Tbilisi.

FC Gagra is the only non-top flight Georgian team which has twice won the national cup.

Erovnuli Liga
The Erovnuli Liga (Georgian: ეროვნული ლიგა; lit. 'National League') is the top division of professional top tier football in Georgia. Since 1990, it has been organized by the Professional Football League of Georgia and Georgian Football Federation. From 1927 to 1989, the competition was held as a regional tournament within the Soviet Union. From 2017, the Erovnuli Liga switched to a spring-autumn system, with only 10 clubs in the top flight.
Michael Kidd (physician)
Michael Richard Kidd (born 11 November 1959) is an Australian medical practitioner, academic and author. He is Professor of Global Primary Care and Future Health Systems at the University of Oxford and Director of the Centre for Future Health Systems at the University of New South Wales.  He is a past president of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) a past president of the World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA) and former Deputy Chief Medical Officer with the Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care.

World Organization of Family Doctors
The World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA) is a global not-for-profit professional organization representing family physicians and general practitioners from all regions of the world.  WONCA's mission is to improve the quality of life of the people of the world through high standards of care in general practice/family medicine.

WONCA is a non-governmental organization in official relations with the World Health Organization (WHO) representing family physicians and the practice of family medicine.
Steven Sclaroff
Steven Sclaroff (born 1964 or 1965) is an American interior designer known for his residential and commercial interiors that blend vintage and contemporary elements. He has designed spaces for clients including Donna Karan, Tony Kushner, and Kate Spade, and his work has appeared in such publications as The New York Times and Elle Decor.

Kate Spade
Katherine Noel Valentine Brosnahan Spade (born Katherine Noel Brosnahan; December 24, 1962 – June 5, 2018) was an American fashion designer and entrepreneur. She was the co-founder and co-owner of the designer brand Kate Spade New York.
The Return (2013 film)
The Return (Spanish: El regreso) is a 2013 Venezuelan drama film directed by Patricia Ortega. The first Zulian film of this millennium, it premiered on 30 August 2013 in commercial cinemas in Venezuela.

Zulia
Zulia State (Spanish: Estado Zulia, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈsulja]; Wayuu: Mma’ipakat Suuria) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Maracaibo. As of the 2011 census, it had a population of 3,704,404, making it the most populous state in the country. Zulia is also notable for being one of the few states in Venezuela where voseo—the use of vos as the second-person singular pronoun—is widespread. The state is coterminous with the eponymous region of Zulia.

Zulia is located in northwestern Venezuela, bordering Lake Maracaibo, the largest body of its kind in Latin America. The lake's basin holds some of the largest oil and gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere.

Zulia is economically significant due to its oil and mineral exploitation, but it is also one of Venezuela's major agricultural regions. The state contributes notably in livestock, bananas, fruits, meat, and milk.
Georgia State Route 51
State Route 51 (SR 51) is a 63.6-mile-long (102.4 km) state highway that travels west-to-east through portions of Hall, Banks, Franklin, and Hart counties in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects Lula with Lake Hartwell, via Homer, Carnesville, and Hartwell.

Lake Hartwell
Lake Hartwell is a man-made reservoir bordering Georgia and South Carolina and encompassing parts of the Savannah, Tugaloo, and Seneca Rivers. Lake Hartwell is one of the largest recreation lakes in the Southeastern United States. It was created by the construction of the Hartwell Dam, completed in 1962 and located on the Savannah River seven miles (11 km) below the point where the Tugaloo and Seneca Rivers join to form the Savannah. Extending 49 miles (79 km) up the Tugaloo and 45 miles (72 km) up the Seneca at normal pool elevation, the lake comprises nearly 56,000 acres (230 km2) of water with a shoreline of 962 miles (1,548 km). The entire Hartwell reservoir project contains 76,450 acres (309.4 km2) of land and water. Interstate highway 85 bisects Lake Hartwell, making the area easily accessible to visitors.
Gates of Hausa kingdoms
Gates of Hausa kingdoms are gates (Hausa: kofa) or walls (ganuwa) that formerly enclosed the Hausa kingdoms. In ancient times, each kingdom was enclosed with a wall that contained various gates. During battles, the gates were closed as a war strategy. Each gate has a name and a gatekeeper (Sarkin Kofa, lit. "King of the Gate"). In the past, especially at night, the gatekeeper was in charge of a single gate at all time. All of the gates are assigned to a single person today.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
Kampilan
The kampilan (Baybayin: ᜃᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜎᜈ᜔) is a type of single-edged sword, traditionally used by various ethnic groups in the Philippine archipelago, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. It has a distinct profile, with the tapered blade being much broader and thinner at the point than at its base, sometimes with a protruding spikelet along the flat side of the tip. It is a long sword usually held in both hands. The design of the pommel varies between ethnic groups, but it usually depicts either  a buaya (crocodile), a bakunawa (sea serpent), a kalaw (hornbill), or a kakatua (cockatoo)..

This weapon was featured in the American bladesmithing competition, Forged in Fire, in season 4 episode 16.

Bolo knife
A bolo (Tagalog: iták/gulok, Ilocano: bunéng, Ibanag: badáng/aliwa, Pangasinan: baráng, Kapampangan: paláng, Bikol: tabák/minasbad, Cebuano: súndang/kampilan, Waray: sansibar, Hiligaynon: sandúko/binangon, Aklan: talibong) is a general term for traditional pre-colonial small- to medium-sized single-edged swords or large knives of the Philippines that function both as tools and weapons. Bolos are characterized by a wide curved blade that narrows down to the hilt, and that comes with a pointed or a blunt tip.

Bolos are sometimes incorrectly described as a type of machete (as bolo machete), due to their similarities in use and shape. But bolos are not related to the machete. Bolos are pre-colonial in origin and have very different characteristics. The most obvious physical difference between the two is the shape of the cutting edge, which is typically curved in bolos and more or less straight in machetes.
Fort Center
Fort Center is an archaeological site in Glades County, Florida, United States, a few miles northwest of Lake Okeechobee. It was occupied for more than 2,000 years, from 450 BCE until about 1700 CE. The inhabitants of Fort Center may have been cultivating maize centuries before it appeared anywhere else in Florida.

The area around Fisheating Creek was occupied by people of the Belle Glade culture from as early as 1000 BCE.

Fort Center is a complex of earthwork mounds, linear embankments, middens, circular ditches, and an artificial pond occupying an area approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) long and 0.5 miles (0.80 km) wide extending east-west along Fisheating Creek, a stream that empties unto Lake Okeechobee.

The site is named for a US Army fortification, "Fort Center", used during the Seminole Wars.

Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River State Archaeological Site is a 61-acre (250,000 m2) Florida State Park located on the Crystal River and within the Crystal River Preserve State Park. The park is located two miles (3 km) northwest of the city of Crystal River, on Museum Point off U.S. 19/98.

Under the title of Crystal River Indian Mounds, it is also a U.S. National Historic Landmark (designated as such on June 21, 1990).
Rob van Dijk
Robert van Dijk (born 15 January 1969) is a Dutch retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Over the course of exactly 20 seasons as a professional, he appeared in 364 Eredivisie games, mainly with RKC (nine years) and Feyenoord (seven). He retired at the age of 43.

RKC Waalwijk
RKC Waalwijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɛrkaːˈseː ˈʋaːlʋɛik]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Waalwijk. They currently play in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of Dutch football, following relegation from the Eredivisie in the 2024–25 season. Its name is derived from 'Rooms Katholieke Combinatie Waalwijk' ('Roman Catholic Combination Waalwijk' in Dutch) and was established as a merger of HEC, WVB and Hercules.
Republican Network for Unity
The Republican Network for Unity (Irish: Poblachtaigh d'Aontú, literally "Republicans for Unity") is a small Irish republican political party. It was formed in 2007 in opposition to the Sinn Féin special Ard Fheis's vote of support for the Police Service of Northern Ireland. A number of commentators view RNU as the political wing of Óglaigh na hÉireann (ONH), a militant dissident republican paramilitary group. That group committed to a ceasefire in 2017, which RNU supported. In 2024 ONH severed ties to the party.

Police Service of Northern Ireland
The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI; Irish: Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann; Ulster Scots: Polis Service o Norlin Airlan), is the police service responsible for law enforcement and the prevention of crime within Northern Ireland.

It is the successor to the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) after it was reformed and renamed in 2001 on the recommendation of the Patten Report.

The PSNI is the third-largest police service in the United Kingdom in terms of officer numbers (after the Metropolitan Police and Police Scotland) and the second-largest in terms of geographic area of responsibility, after Police Scotland. The PSNI is approximately half the size of Garda Síochána in terms of officer numbers.