hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 Saint-Denis raid
On 18 November 2015, a police raid became a shootout between at least one hundred French police and soldiers and suspected terrorists belonging to Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in the Paris suburb of Saint-Denis.

Following the November 2015 Paris attacks, French police identified Abdelhamid Abaaoud as the suspected mastermind of the attacks. After learning that a relative of Abaaoud might be located in Saint-Denis, police organised surveillance of and ultimately an assault on the location. The raid occurred in the morning of 18 November 2015, five days after the Paris attacks.

Police fired nearly 5,000 rounds during the raid, and French soldiers were reported to have used high-powered munitions on the apartment building, located on rue du Corbillon in Saint-Denis. Abaaoud, a woman named Hasna Aït Boulahcen, and Chakib Akrouh, reportedly a perpetrator in the Paris attacks and suicide bomber in Saint-Denis, were killed, and five people were arrested.

Abdelhamid Abaaoud
Abdelhamid Abaaoud (Arabic: عبد الحميد ابعود, romanized: ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd ʾAbā ʿŪd; 8 April 1987 – 18 November 2015) was a Belgian-born French Islamic terrorist who had spent time in Syria and was suspected of having organized multiple terror attacks in Belgium and France, and is known to have masterminded and participated in the November 2015 Paris attacks. Prior to the Paris attacks, there was an international arrest warrant issued for Abaaoud for his activities in recruiting individuals to Islamic terrorism in Syria.

Abaaoud was also known as Abu Omar Soussi (Arabic: أبو عمر السوسي, meaning "Abu Omar the Susian", his Moroccan family's place of origin) and as Abu Omar al-Baljīkī (Arabic: أبو عمر البلجيكي, meaning Abu Omar the Belgian), both of which were noms de guerre.

He died from wounds received during an armed raid conducted by French authorities in the suburb of Saint-Denis in north Paris.
Robert Stephenson (baseball)
Robert William Stephenson (born February 24, 1993) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Cincinnati Reds, Colorado Rockies, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Tampa Bay Rays. A first-round pick of the Reds in the 2011 MLB draft, Stephenson made his MLB debut in 2016.

2011 Major League Baseball draft
The 2011 Major League Baseball draft was held from June 6 through June 8, 2011, from Studio 42 of the MLB Network in Secaucus, New Jersey. The Pittsburgh Pirates selected Gerrit Cole out of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), with the first overall pick.
Matutano
Matutano (officially Matutano Snack Ventures, S.A.) is a producer and distributor of snacks and potato chips with headquarters in Barcelona, operating the markets of Spain and Portugal (here through its subsidiary Matutano Unipessoal Lda.). The company was founded in 1965 by Luis Matutano Jover, and since 1971 is part of multinational Frito Lay.

Currently, Matutano distributes for the Iberian Peninsula PepsiCo snacks as Lays, Fritos, Cheetos,  Doritos and Ruffles among other brands.

Doritos
Doritos (/dəˈriːtoʊz/) is an American brand of flavored tortilla chips produced by Frito-Lay, a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo. The concept for Doritos originated at Disneyland at a restaurant managed by Frito-Lay.

In 1966, Doritos became the first tortilla chip available nationally in the United States. The initial flavor was simply toasted corn, followed by taco in 1967, and the now-ubiquitous nacho cheese in 1972. Now, the chips are available worldwide in a wide variety of flavors, differing regionally.

Doritos has also gained notability for its marketing campaigns, including ads aired during Super Bowls. The Doritos brand is also used for similarly seasoned products, like Doritos 3D and taco shells at Taco Bell.
Colliers Hatch
Colliers Hatch, is a hamlet in the civil parish of Stapleford Tawney in the Epping Forest district of the county of Essex, England. It is approximately 2 miles (3 km) east of Epping, 3.5 miles (6 km) west of Chipping Ongar and 7 miles (11 km) north of Romford. Colliers Hatch is 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north of the hamlet of Tawney Common, also in the Stapleford Tawney parish.

The hamlet measures 0.25 hectares (0.62 acres) and is mostly a collection of scattered houses and farms. As of 2017, there is an estimated average population of 30.

The hamlet is governed locally by Stapleford Tawney parish council.

Epping, Essex
Epping is a market town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex, England. It lies 17 miles (27 km) north-east of Charing Cross in central London. It is surrounded by the northern end of Epping Forest, and stands on a ridge of land between the River Roding and River Lea valleys.

Epping forms part of the London commuter belt; it is the eastern terminus of the London Underground's Central line, and the town lies just outside the M25 London Orbital Motorway. The town has a number of historic Grade I and II* and Grade II listed buildings. The weekly market, which dates to 1253, is held each Monday.

As well as the town itself, the parish also includes Coopersale and Fiddlers Hamlet. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 12,547 and the built up area had a population of 10,695.

Epping became twinned with the German town of Eppingen in north-west Baden-Württemberg in 1981.
London (music producer)
Michael Ovie Hunter (born 21 October 1999), known professionally as Thisizlondon (pronounced as London, and formerly stylised in all caps), is a Nigerian-British record producer and DJ. He is best known for co-producing the 2022 global hit single, "Calm Down" for Rema before  Selena Gomez hopped on the remix. It reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100, peaked atop the IMI International (becoming the second song by a Nigerian artist to do so) and remains the most internationally successful Afrobeats song.

Signing with Blowtime Entertainment in 2019, he's produced for other notable artists including Crayon, Ayra Starr, Rema, Wizkid, Selena Gomez, 6lack, Yseult, and Ladipoe. His other successful productions include Rema's: "Calm Down" and "Ozeba", Ayra Starr's "Fashion Killa" and "Bloody Samaritan", Tiwa Savage's "Koroba", and Johnny Drille's "Mystery Girl". In 2022, he signed a publishing deal in a joint venture with Sony Music Publishing France and Bluesky Music Publishing.

Rema (musician)
Divine Ikubor (born 1 May 2000), known professionally as Rema, is a Nigerian singer-songwriter and rapper. He gained recognition with his 2019 song "Dumebi". That same year, he signed with D'Prince's record label, Jonzing World. He achieved international recognition with his 2022 single "Calm Down", which spawned a remix with American singer Selena Gomez that peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100. The song also led Billboard Afrobeats Songs chart for a record-setting 58 weeks.

That same year, he released his studio album, Rave & Roses (2022), which peaked at number 81 on the Billboard 200. His second album, Heis (2024), was supported by the single "Benin Boys" (with Shallipopi) and yielded Rema's first Grammy Award nomination—for Best Global Music Album at the 67th Annual Grammy Awards.
Kalyazinsky District
Kalyazinsky District  (Russian: Каля́зинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Uglichsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the northeast, Pereslavsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the southeast, Sergiyevo-Posadsky District of Moscow Oblast in the south, Taldomsky District, also of Moscow Oblast, in the southwest, Kimrsky District in the west, and with Kashinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,671 square kilometers (645 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kalyazin. Population: 21,688 (2010 Census);  24,460 (2002 Census); 27,341 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kalyazin accounts for 63.9% of the district's total population.

Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast (Russian: Тверская область, romanized: Tverskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [tvʲɪrˈskajə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tver. From 1935 to 1990, it was known as Kalinin Oblast (Russian: Калининская область). Population: 1,353,392 (2010 census).

Tver Oblast is a region of lakes, such as Seliger and Brosno. Much of the remaining area is occupied by the Valdai Hills, where the Volga, the Western Dvina, and the Dnieper have their source.

Tver Oblast is one of the tourist regions of Russia with a modern tourist infrastructure. There are many historic towns, such as Torzhok, Zubtsov, Kashin, Vyshny Volochyok, and Kalyazin. The oldest of these is Rzhev, primarily known for the Battles of Rzhev in World War II and the Rzhev Memorial. Staritsa was the seat of the last appanage principality in Russia, while Ostashkov, located on lake Seliger, is a major center of recreational and nature tourism.
Deep Depression ARB 02 (2015)
Deep Depression ARB 02 was a weak tropical cyclone which brought heavy rains and flooding to the Indian state of Gujarat in June 2015. It was the third tropical cyclone and second deep depression of the 2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season.

Flooding in the Amreli district was reported to be the worst in 90 years; 600 of the district's 838 villages were affected, 400 of which were rendered inaccessible by land. At least 80 people died in the region, with Saurashtra suffering the greatest losses. The wild life of Gir Forest National Park and the adjoining area was also affected. Ten Asiatic lions, an endangered species with only 523 living individuals documented in May 2015, died during the floods while more than a dozen remain missing. The Gujarat government estimated damage at ₹16.5 billion (US$258 million); however, Congress MLA Paresh Dhanani claimed damage to be as high as ₹70 billion (US$1.09 billion).

Amreli district
Amreli district is one of the 33 administrative districts of the state of Gujarat in western India.Amreli district headquarters are located at Amreli. The district occupies an area of 7,397 km2 and has a population of 1,514,190 of which 22.45% were urban (as of 2011).
Michael Owen (psychiatrist)
Sir Michael John Owen FRCPsych FMedSci FLSW is a Welsh research scientist in the area of psychiatry, currently the head of the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences at Cardiff University.

Professor Owen is also the Director of Cardiff University's MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Emeritus Director of the Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute.

Royal College of Psychiatrists
The Royal College of Psychiatrists is the main professional organisation of psychiatrists in the United Kingdom, and is responsible for representing psychiatrists, for psychiatric research and for providing public information about mental health problems. The college provides advice to those responsible for training and certifying psychiatrists in the UK.

In addition to publishing many books and producing several journals, the college produces, for the public, information about mental health problems. Its offices are located at 21 Prescot Street in London, near Aldgate. The college's previous address (until 2013) was Belgrave Square.
Rockford Rampage
The Rockford Rampage was an American indoor soccer team based in Rockford, Illinois, United States. Founded in 2005 as the Rockford Thunder, the team originally played in the American Indoor Soccer League until 2008 then moved to the Major Indoor Soccer League from 2008 to 2010. They were revived to play in the Professional Arena Soccer League for the 2012–13 season but folded after the season ended.

The team played its home games at Victory Sports Complex. The team colors were black and green. Their head coach was Jeff Kraft, assisted by Armando Sanchez.

Major Indoor Soccer League (2008–2014)
The Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL), originally known as the National Indoor Soccer League, was a professional indoor soccer league which began play in 2008. It was the third league to be known as the Major Indoor Soccer League after the MISL I and MISL II. The MISL name is arguably the most recognizable name in indoor soccer due to its history dating back to 1978. The league name and assets are currently owned by the United Soccer Leagues. The departure of six teams which joined the Professional Arena Soccer League (now the Major Arena Soccer League) after the 2013–14 season effectively ended the MISL.
World Giving Index
The World Giving Index (WGI) was an annual report published by the Charities Aid Foundation, using data gathered by Gallup, which ranked over 140 countries in the world according to how charitable they are. The aim of the World Giving Index was to provide insight into the scope and nature of giving around the world. The first edition was released in September 2010. The final edition was published in 2024. The report has now been superseded by the World Giving Report which offers a fuller picture of global generosity.

Gallup, Inc.
Gallup, Inc. is an American multinational analytics and advisory company based in Washington, D.C. Founded by George Gallup in 1935, the company became known for conducting public opinion polls worldwide. Gallup provides analytics and management consulting to organizations globally. In addition, the company offers educational consulting, the CliftonStrengths assessment and associated products, and business and management books published by its Gallup Press unit.
John Fenwick Kitto
John Fenwick Kitto (31 December 1837 – 13 April 1903) was an English Anglican clergyman and author. He founded and participated in various charitable causes, with a focus on London's East End. He served in positions including Rector of Whitechapel, Rector of Stepney, Vicar of St Martin-in-the-Fields, and Honorary Chaplain to the Queen.

Honorary Chaplain to the King
An Honorary Chaplain to the King is a member of the clergy within the United Kingdom who, through long and distinguished service, is appointed to minister to the monarch of the United Kingdom. When the reigning monarch is female, Honorary Chaplains are known as Honorary Chaplains to the Queen. As of 2008 there are 33 appointees.  They are also known as Honorary Chaplains to the Sovereign.

Honorary Chaplains wear a scarlet cassock and a special bronze badge consisting of the royal cypher and crown within an oval wreath. The badge is worn below medal ribbons or miniature medals during the conduct of religious services on the left side of the scarf by chaplains who wear the scarf and on academic or ordinary clerical dress by other chaplains.

Ten ministers of the Church of Scotland are appointed as Chaplains to the King in Scotland.

The monarch may also, as circumstances dictate, appoint extra chaplains.
Telebirr
Telebirr (Amharic: ቴሌብር) is a mobile payment service developed and was launched by Ethio telecom, the state owned telecommunication and Internet service provider in Ethiopia. It took five months to develop the end-to-end service. It facilitates the delivery of cashless transactions. The platform deployed currently has the capacity of processing up to 100 transactions per second (TPS) and can be scaled up to 1000 TPS. The service is accessible via SMS, USSD, and smartphone applications. Telebirr works in five languages.

Unstructured Supplementary Service Data
Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), sometimes referred to as "quick codes" or "feature codes", is a communications protocol used by GSM cellular telephones to communicate with the mobile network operator's computers. USSD can be used for WAP browsing, prepaid callback service, mobile-money services, location-based content services, menu-based information services, and as part of configuring the phone on the network. The service does not require a messaging app, and does not incur charges.

USSD messages are up to 182 alphanumeric characters long. Unlike short message service (SMS) messages, USSD messages create a real-time connection during a USSD session. The connection remains open, allowing a two-way exchange of a sequence of data. This makes USSD faster than services that use SMS.

While GSM is being phased out in the 2020s with 2G and 3G technologies, USSD services can be supported over LTE and 5G.
Hugh Henry Breckenridge
Hugh Henry Breckenridge (1870 – 1937), was an American painter and art instructor, who championed the artistic movements from impressionism to modernism. Breckenridge taught for more than forty years at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, becoming the school's Dean of Instruction in 1934. He also taught from 1899 to 1918 at the Darby School of Art, which he co-founded with Thomas Anshutz (1851-1912), and from 1920 to 1937 at his own Breckenridge School of Art in Gloucester, Massachusetts.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
Saint Matthew (Ghiberti)
Saint Matthew is a 2.7-m high bronze statue of Saint Matthew by Lorenzo Ghiberti, completed in 1420 for the Arte del Cambio. One of a cycle of fourteen patron saints of the Florentine guilds commissioned for the external niches of Orsanmichele, it is now in the Museo di Orsanmichele.

Orsanmichele
Orsanmichele, Or San Michele or Orsammichele (pronounced [orsammiˈkɛːle]; from the Tuscan contraction of Orto di San Michele, "orchard" or "kitchen garden of Saint Michael") is a communal building and church in the Italian city of Florence. Its uniqueness as an architectural construction lies not only in its multifunctionality as grain market, granary and oratory. The tabernacle by Orcagna, called the high point of Italian Gothic sculpture, and the sculptural program running around all four façades, depicting the patron saints of the major Florentine guilds, are extraordinary. It encompasses several firsts in marble and bronze, and lasting masterpieces of the Early Renaissance by Lorenzo Ghiberti, Donatello and Nanni di Banco.
Centre for Reviews and Dissemination
The Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) is a health services research centre based at the University of York, England. CRD was established in January 1994, and aims to provide research-based information for evidence-based medicine. CRD carries out systematic reviews and meta-analyses of healthcare interventions, and disseminates the results of research to decision-makers in the NHS.

CRD produces three databases:

Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE)

NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED)

Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA Database)

These are freely available from the CRD database website, NIHR Centre for Reviews and Dissemination - CRD Database, and as part of the Cochrane Library.

CRD also publishes a number of regular reports including Effective Health Care and Effectiveness Matters.

CRD is funded by the UK Department of Health's NHS Research and Development Programme, as well as from a number of other sources.

Cochrane (organisation)
Cochrane is a British international charitable organisation formed to synthesize medical research findings to facilitate evidence-based choices about health interventions involving health professionals, patients and policy makers. It includes 53 review groups that are based at research institutions worldwide. Cochrane has over 37,000 volunteer experts from around the world.

The group conducts systematic reviews of healthcare interventions and diagnostic tests and publishes them in the Cochrane Library. While Cochrane reviews typically focus on randomized controlled trials, some reviews, particularly in areas such as public and occupational health, also incorporate other study designs. These may include non-randomised observational studies as well as controlled before–after (CBA) studies and interrupted time-series studies.
According to the Library, articles are available via one-click access, though some may require registration or a subscription.
Arboreal Galois representation
In arithmetic dynamics, an arboreal Galois representation is a continuous group homomorphism between the absolute Galois group of a field and the automorphism group of an infinite, regular, rooted tree.

The study of arboreal Galois representations of goes back to the works of Odoni in 1980s.

Absolute Galois group
In mathematics, particularly in anabelian geometry and p-adic geometry, the absolute Galois group  of a field  is the Galois group of  over , where  is a separable closure of . Alternatively, it is the group of all automorphisms of the algebraic closure of  that fix . The absolute Galois group is well-defined up to inner automorphism. It is a profinite group.

When  is a perfect field,  is the same as an algebraic closure  of . Notably, this holds when  has characteristic zero or is finite.
Talking Backwards
"Talking Backwards" is a song by American indie rock band Real Estate. The song was released on January 14, 2014, through Domino Recording Company, as the lead single from their third studio album Atlas. "Talking Backwards" explores miscommunication, and how distance and separation affect relationships. It was written by frontman Martin Courtney, who was newly married at the time and based it on long stretches on the road touring. The song was produced by Tom Schick and recorded at Magic Shop in New York. The song received widely positive reviews from critics.

Domino Recording Company
Domino Recording Company, or simply Domino, is a British independent record label based in London. There is also a wing of the label based in Brooklyn, New York that handles releases in the United States, as well as a German division called Domino Deutschland and a French division called Domino France. In addition, Stephen Pastel presides over the subsidiary label Geographic Music, which releases more 'unusual' music from Britain and outside of the Western world. In 2011, the company announced that it was beginning a book publishing division, The Domino Press.
Religion in Victorian England
Religion in Victorian England was a major factor in society and politics. Historian G. Kitson Clark says that apart from the 17th century, "In no other century did the claims of religion occupy so large a part in the nation's life, nor did men speaking in the name of religion contrived to exercise so much power." He emphasizes major social reforms and argues the main motivating force was the evangelical revival movement inside and outside the Church of England. Controversies raged over the established status of the Church of England, as minority denominations, especially Catholics, demanded equality. There were theological disputes, particularly about the truth of the Bible. Moral standards were high in Britain and how to maintain morality became a factor in issues such as education. The rapid growth of the British Empire overseas inspired very active missionary programs.

George Kitson Clark
George Sidney Roberts Kitson Clark (14 June 1900 – 8 December 1975) was an English historian, specialising in the nineteenth century. He was a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge from 1922 to 1975, and additionally held the title of Reader in Constitutional History in the Faculty of History, University of Cambridge between 1954 and 1967.