hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monschau Hedge Land
The cultural landscape of the Monschau Hedge Land (German: Monschauer Heckenland) or Monschau Hedge Region includes the uplands of the Eifel and the villages around the town of Monschau in the Region of Aachen, covering an area of 94 km², in which historical hedge structures from the 17th century have survived in great numbers. They consist of individually made, beech hedges around houses and field hedges in the open country, laid to enclose fields and protect them from grazing cattle.

The best example of a Monschau "hedge village" (Heckendorf) is Höfen, which has twice won awards in the best kept village competition Unser Dorf soll schöner werden. Other examples include Kalterherberg, Mützenich, Rohren and Imgenbroich. Also within the region are parts of the municipalities of Simmerath - for example, the villages of Eicherscheid and Kesternich - as well as Roetgen.

Monschau
Monschau (German pronunciation: [ˈmɔnʃaʊ] ⓘ; French: Montjoie, pronounced [mɔ̃ʒwa]; Walloon: Mondjoye) is a small resort town in the Eifel region of western Germany, located in the Aachen district of North Rhine-Westphalia.
H. M. Knight
Sir Harold Murray Knight KBE DSC (13 August 1919 – 19 June 2015) was an Australian economist. He was the third Governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, serving from 1975 to 1982.

He was educated at Scotch College, Melbourne (1933–1935) and Melbourne University where he was resident at Trinity College. He graduated with a Master of Commerce degree.

During World War II, Knight enlisted in the Australian Army on 1 July 1940. In 1943, he transferred to the Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve, where he served on the survey ship HMAS Polaris and was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for distinguished service in successful survey work under dangerous conditions in the Far East.

He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the New Year's Day Honours of 1980.

He was the grandfather of novelist Dominic Knight, and of artist Jasper Knight, whose portrait of him was shortlisted for the Archibald Prize in 2006.

Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a third-level military decoration awarded for gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea to officers; and, since 1993, ratings and other ranks of the British Armed Forces, Royal Fleet Auxiliary and the British Merchant Navy have been eligible. The award was formerly also awarded to members of armed forces of other Commonwealth countries.

The DSC is "awarded in recognition of an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea." Since 1979, it can be awarded posthumously.
Ma Ai
Ma Ai (fl.215–220) was the Administrator of Dunhuang Commandery in the western Hexi Corridor during the end of the Eastern Han dynasty. His death in office destabilised the frontier and precipitated a multi-county revolt that was only quelled after Governor Su Ze intervened.

Su Ze
Su Ze (died 223), courtesy name Wenshi, was an official of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Born in the late Eastern Han dynasty, he started his career as the Administrator of various commanderies in northwest China and is best known for governing Jincheng Commandery (covering parts of present-day Gansu and Qinghai) between 215 and 220. During his tenure, he rebuilt the war-torn commandery, gained the support of local non-Han Chinese tribes, opened up trade along the Hexi Corridor, and suppressed rebellions in the neighbouring Xiping, Wuwei, Jiuquan and Zhangye commanderies. After the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, Su Ze served in the Cao Wei state under its first ruler, Cao Pi, as a Palace Attendant. An upright and outspoken man, he did not hesitate to speak up when he disagreed with Cao Pi, who became wary of him. In 223, Su Ze died of illness while travelling to present-day Shandong to assume a new appointment.
Katharine Cameron
Katharine Cameron RWS RE (26 February 1874 – 21 August 1965) was a Scottish artist, watercolourist, and printmaker, best known for her paintings and etchings of flowers. She was associated with the group of artists known as the Glasgow Girls.

Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers
The Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers (RE), known until 1991 as the Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers, is a leading art institution based in London, England.  The Royal Society of Painter-Etchers, as it was originally styled, was a society of etchers established in London in 1880 and given a Royal Charter in 1888. Engraving was included within the scope of the Society from 1897, wood-engraving from 1920, coloured original prints from 1957, lithography from 1987 and all forms of creative forward-thinking original printmaking from 1990. The Society is in the process of refining its name to the Royal Society of Printmakers to both mirror and reflect the universality of original forms of creative expression within all forms, approaches and techniques across both traditional and contemporary printmaking.
Polydesmidae
Polydesmidae is a family of millipedes in the order Polydesmida. This family includes more than 240 species in more than 30 genera. These millipedes have a mostly Holarctic distribution that extends south not only to Mexico and North Africa but also as far as Java. Most species are found in the Mediterranean region.

Polydesmida
Polydesmida (from the Greek poly "many" and desmos "bond") is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This order is also the most diverse of the millipede orders in terms of morphology. Millipedes in this order are found in all regions of the world other than Antarctica.
Prehnite-pumpellyite facies
The prehnite-pumpellyite facies is a metamorphic facies typical of subseafloor alteration of the oceanic crust around mid-ocean ridge spreading centres. 

It is a metamorphic grade transitional between zeolite facies and greenschist facies representing a temperature range of 250 to 350 °C and a pressure range of approximately two to seven kilobars. The mineral assemblage is dependent on host composition.

In mafic rocks the assemblage is chlorite, prehnite, albite, pumpellyite and epidote.

In ultramafic rocks the assemblage is serpentine, talc, forsterite, tremolite and chlorite.

In argillaceous sedimentary rocks the assemblage is quartz, illite, albite, and stilpnomelane chlorite.

In carbonate sediments the assemblage is calcite, dolomite, quartz, clays, talc, and muscovite.

Clay mineral
Clay minerals are hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates (e.g. kaolin, Al2Si2O5(OH)4), sometimes with variable amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earths, and other cations found on or near some planetary surfaces.

Clay minerals form in the presence of water and have been important to life, and many theories of abiogenesis involve them. They are important constituents of soils, and have been useful to humans since ancient times in agriculture and manufacturing.
Time Capsule (Macau)
Time Capsule (Portuguese: Cápsula do Tempo, Chinese: 時間囊) is a time capsule that symbolizes the Portuguese government's witnessing and acknowledgement of China's promise to maintain Macau's level of autonomy for fifty years after the transfer of sovereignty. The Time Capsule was closed and covered on 18 December 1999 and it is scheduled to be opened in 2049. Currently, the Time Capsule is located in the Praça do Centro Cultural de Macau, which was the venue for the transference of sovereignty ceremony.

Government of Portugal
The Government of Portugal, also referred to as the Government of the Republic is one of the four sovereignty bodies of Portugal, together with the president, the assembly of the Republic and the courts. It is both the body of sovereignty that conducts the general politics of the country and the superior body of the Portuguese public administration.

The term "constitutional government" or simply "government" also refers to the team of ministers and its period of management under one prime minister. This concept is similar to an "administration" in the parlance of a presidential republic or to a "collective ministry" in the parlance of some Commonwealth countries. Each government in this sense is identified by a roman number, with the present one (formed in June 2025) being the XXV Constitutional Government since the establishment of the current democratic regime, in 1976.
Blackburne Shilling Gambit
The Blackburne Shilling Gambit is the name facetiously given to a dubious chess opening, derived from an offshoot of the Italian Game, that begins:

1. e4 e5

2. Nf3 Nc6

3. Bc4 Nd4?!

It is also sometimes referred to as the Kostić Gambit after the Serbian grandmaster Borislav Kostić, who played it in the early 20th century.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
Adelaide Ironside
Adelaide Eliza Scott Ironside (17 November 1831 – 15 April 1867) was an Australian artist. Born in Sydney in 1831, she developed an early interest in languages and painting. Influenced by the views of her eventual patron, the republican writer and politician John Dunmore Lang, she eventually began publishing radical poetry and articles in local newspapers. At the age of 23, she moved to Italy with her mother to train as an artist. She developed an interest in frescoes and aspired to return to Australia and paint the walls of public buildings. She painted portraits, including portraits of the Prince of Wales and William Charles Wentworth, along with several works that drew on Biblical themes and the style of the Pre-Raphaelites and the Nazarene movement. Ironside died of tuberculosis in Italy in 1867, after which her art largely faded into obscurity; many of her paintings are now lost.

Nazarene movement
The epithet Nazarene was adopted by a group of early 19th-century German Romantic painters who aimed to revive spirituality in art. The name Nazarene came from a term of derision used against them for their affectation of a biblical manner of clothing and hair style.
Shawsheen
Shawsheen (Shoshine) (c. 1845-?) otherwise known as She-towitch, or Susan, was a Native American woman who was a part of the Tabeguache (Uncompahgre) Ute tribe and sister to Chief Ouray.  She is known for her capture by the Cheyenne and Arapaho in 1860 or 1861, her protection and care for Arvilla and Josephine Meeker during their captivity, as well as her role within the politics of her tribe as a female leader alongside her sister-in-law, Chipeta.

Uncompahgre Ute
The Uncompahgre Ute (/ˌʌŋkəmˈpɑːɡreɪ ˈjuːt/) or ꞌAkaꞌ-páa-gharʉrʉ Núuchi (also: Ahkawa Pahgaha Nooch) is a band of the Ute, a Native American tribe located in the US states of Colorado and Utah. In the Ute language, uncompahgre means "rocks that make water red." The band was formerly called the Tabeguache.
Paraguayan Cuarta División
The Paraguayan Cuarta División (English: Fourth Division) is the fourth tier football league in Paraguay. It is organized by the Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol.

The Paraguayan Cuarta División is divided into three leagues:

The Primera División C (disputed within Asunción and the Central Department.

The Qualification from the Unión del Fútbol del Interior to the Primera División B Nacional called Primera División C Nacional (disputed by clubs in Paraguay's interior)

Paraguay's regional leagues (disputed by each department except Asunción and the Central Department)

Paraguayan Primera División B Nacional
The Primera División B Nacional (National First Division B, in English), commonly known as Primera B Nacional or Nacional B, is one of the three leagues of Paraguay's Tercera División, the third-tier of Paraguayan football league system, in which clubs and teams from the leagues of the interior of the country compete. The championship is organized by the Unión del Fútbol del Interior, in association with the Paraguayan Football Association.
Old Georgians Sports Club
The Old Georgians Sports Club is a sports club in Harare. Its facilities include a cricket ground. The cricket ground played host to one first-class cricket match in October 1992, when Zimbabwe B played the touring New Zealanders, which saw the New Zealanders Dipak Patel (5 for 54) and Simon Doull (6 for 37) taking five wicket hauls, and Mark Greatbatch scoring a century. In the same month the ground hosted its first List A one-day match when the Zimbabwe Cricket Union President's XI played the touring Indians, who were touring Zimbabwe to take part in the Zimbabwe's first Test series. The ground later held two one-day matches in the 2000 ICC Emerging Nations Tournament, with the Netherlands playing Ireland and Kenya, though the match against Ireland was called off due to a poor outfield and uneven pitch. After a gap of nearly 20 years, the last one-day match to be played there came in the 2019–20 Pro50 Championship when the Eagles played the Rangers.

Rangers cricket team
The Rangers are Zimbabwean first-class cricket team that was formed in 2019, ahead of the 2019–20 Logan Cup tournament. In December 2019, Rangers lost their opening match, against Mashonaland Eagles, by one wicket. In a truncated tournament, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Rangers finished bottom of the table, with just four points from their six matches.
Lander (crater)
Lander is a lunar impact crater that is located just to the north-northeast of the prominent Tsiolkovskiy, on the far side of the Moon.  It was named by the IAU in 1976 for the British explorer Richard Lander.

Attached to the northeastern rim of Lander is Volkov J, which is joined with Volkov to the north. Just to the southeast of Lander is Patsaev. Lander cannot be seen directly from the Earth, and must be observed from orbit. This is a worn and eroded crater formation, with features that have become poorly defined and softened due to subsequent impacts and possibly some overlap of ejecta from Tsiolkovskiy and other sources. The inner rim is wider and has a gentler slope along the eastern side. The interior floor is relatively level, but contains some low rises.

Tsiolkovskiy (crater)
Tsiolkovskiy is a large lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon.  Named for Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, it lies in the southern hemisphere, to the west of the large crater Gagarin, and northwest of Milne. Just to the south is Waterman, with Neujmin to the south-southwest.  The crater protrudes into the neighbouring Fermi, an older crater of comparable size that does not have a lava-flooded floor.

Tsiolkovskiy has been considered one of the largest craters of the Upper (Late) Imbrian age, although that dating was revised to the Imbrian/Eratosthenian boundary in 2013. A number of sites on its walls and central peak have slopes over 45°, leading some to propose a Late Eratosthenian dating.: 333
The Duke of Death and His Maid
The Duke of Death and His Maid (Japanese: 死神坊ちゃんと黒メイド, Hepburn: Shinigami Botchan to Kuro Meido) is a Japanese romantic comedy manga series by Koharu Inoue. It was serialized online via Shogakukan's Sunday Webry website from October 2017 to May 2022, with its chapters collected in sixteen tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation produced by J.C.Staff aired from July to September 2021. A second season aired from July to September 2023. A third and final season aired from April to June 2024.

J.C.Staff
J.C.Staff Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社ジェー・シー・スタッフ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Jē Shī Sutaffu) is a Japanese animation studio founded in January 1986 by Tomoyuki Miyata, who previously worked at Tatsunoko Production. The studio's first release was  Yōtōden in 1987. They have produced several well-known anime series, such as Aria the Scarlet Ammo, Azumanga Daioh, Bakuman, the A Certain Magical Index franchise (including Railgun and Accelerator), Date A Live III, The Disastrous Life of Saiki K., Edens Zero, The Familiar of Zero, Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest, Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma, Golden Time, Is It Wrong to Try to Pick Up Girls in a Dungeon?, Maid Sama!, Mewkledreamy, One-Punch Man season 2 and 3, Revolutionary Girl Utena, Slayers, Shakugan no Shana, The Pet Girl of Sakurasou, and Toradora!.
Prime Suspect
Prime Suspect is a British police procedural television series devised by Lynda La Plante. Broadcast on ITV between 1991 and 2006, it stars Helen Mirren as Jane Tennison, one of the first female Detective Chief Inspectors in Greater London's Metropolitan Police Service, who rises to the rank of Detective Superintendent while confronting institutionalised sexism within the police force.

Mirren won 3 consecutive British Academy Television Awards for Best Actress between 1992-94, 2 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie, and in 2006, the British public ranked her number 29 in ITV's poll of TV's 50 Greatest Stars.

British Academy Television Award for Best Actress
This is a list of the British Academy Television Awards for Best Actress. The British Academy Television Awards began in 1955. The Best Actress award was initially given as an "individual honour", without credit to a particular performance, until 1969, when Wendy Craig won for her performance in Not in Front of the Children. Since 1970, nominees have been announced in addition to the winner, and are listed, with the winner highlighted in blue. The Actress category was split into Leading Actress and Supporting Actress, starting in 2010.

Julie Walters holds the record of most wins in this category with four, followed by Judi Dench, Thora Hird, and Helen Mirren, with three wins each. The nominations tally includes Helen Mirren and Francesca Annis having received 6 and Judi Dench and Julie Walters having received 7. The award is currently held by Marisa Abela having won most recently in 2025 for Industry.
Wheel (computing)
In Unix operating systems, a wheel is a user account with a wheel bit, a system setting that provides additional special system privileges that empower a user to execute restricted commands that ordinary user accounts cannot access.

Privilege (computing)
In computing, privilege is defined as the delegation of authority to perform security-relevant functions on a computer system. A privilege allows a user to perform an action with security consequences. Examples of various privileges include the ability to create a new user, install software, or change  kernel functions.

Users who have been delegated extra levels of control are called privileged.  Users who lack most privileges are defined as unprivileged, regular, or normal users.
Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
The Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse; abbr. DHS) is an encyclopedia on the history of Switzerland. It aims to present the history of Switzerland in the form of an encyclopaedia, published both on paper and on the internet, in three of the country's national languages: German, French and Italian. When it was completed at the end of 2014, the paper version contained around 36,000 articles divided into thirteen volumes. At the same time, a reduced edition of the dictionary has been published in Romansh under the title Lexicon istoric retic (LIR), and constitutes the first specialist dictionary in the Rhaeto-Romance, Switzerland.

The encyclopedia is published by a foundation under the patronage of the Swiss Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences (SAGW/ASSH) and the Swiss Historical Society (SGG-SHH) and is financed by national research grants.

Rhaeto-Romance languages
Rhaeto-Romance, Rheto-Romance, Rhaeto-Italian, or Rhaetian, is a purported subfamily of the Romance languages that is spoken in south-eastern Switzerland and north-eastern Italy. The name "Rhaeto-Romance" refers to the former Roman province of Raetia. The question of whether these languages actually form a subfamily is called the Questione Ladina. The Italian linguist Graziadio Ascoli, writing in 1873, found them to share a number of intricacies and believed they formed a linguistic group.  The Rhaeto-Romance languages differ from Italian in their evolution from Latin by having passed through a stage with phonemic vowel length, undergone certain consonant developments, and possibly developed a pair of central rounded vowels (now lost everywhere). If the subfamily is genuine, three languages would belong to it: Romansh in Switzerland, and Ladin and Friulian in Italy. Their combined number of speakers is about 660,000; the large majority of these (about 500,000) speak Friulian.
1969 Intercontinental Cup
The 1969 Intercontinental Cup was a two-legged association football match contested between 1968–69 European Cup champions Milan and 1969 Copa Libertadores winners Estudiantes de La Plata. It was the 10th edition of the competition.

The first leg was played at the San Siro in Milan, on 8 October 1969. Milan won the home game 3–0. The return leg was held on 22 October, at La Bombonera in Buenos Aires. Despite suffering a 2–1 defeat, Milan won the title on aggregate.

1969 Copa Libertadores
The 1969 Copa Libertadores de América was the 10th edition of the Copa Libertadores, a football competition contested between the top clubs of the CONMEBOL federation. Estudiantes de la Plata won the competition defeating Nacional 4–0 on points over two-legs. The CBD declared that no Brazilian club would play in the 1969 Copa Libertadores de América, since Brazil disagreed on the format of the tournament, whose dates would conflict with the preparation of the national team for the 1970 World Cup Qualifying matches.
Jennifer Fichter
Jennifer Christine Fichter (born December 8, 1984) is an American former teacher who was convicted in Polk County, Florida, United States, in 2015 of sexual battery against three 17-year-old male students. She was sentenced to 22 years imprisonment.

Polk County, Florida
Polk County (/poʊk/) is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. The county population was 725,046 in the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 818,330 in July 2023. Its county seat is Bartow, and its largest city is Lakeland. Polk County comprises the Lakeland–Winter Haven metropolitan statistical area (MSA). This MSA is the 77th-most populous one and the 89th-most populous primary statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012.

The center of Florida's population is located in Polk County, near the city of Lake Wales. Polk County is home to one public university, one state college, and four private universities.