hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iris Berent
Iris Berent (Hebrew: איריס ברנט) is an Israeli-American cognitive psychologist. She is a Professor of Psychology at Northeastern University and the director of the Language and Mind Lab. She is among the founders of experimental phonology—a field that uses the methods of experimental psychology and neuroscience to study phonological competence. She has also explored the role of phonological competence in reading ability and dyslexia. Her recent work has examined how laypeople reason about innate knowledge, such as universal grammar.

Universal grammar
Universal grammar (UG), in modern linguistics, is the theory of the innate biological component of the language faculty, usually credited to Noam Chomsky. The basic postulate of UG is that there are innate constraints on what the grammar of a possible human language could be. When linguistic stimuli are received in the course of language acquisition, children then adopt specific syntactic rules that conform to UG. The advocates of this theory emphasize and partially rely on the poverty of the stimulus (POS) argument and the existence of some universal properties of natural human languages. However, the latter has not been firmly established.

Other linguists have opposed that notion, arguing that languages are so diverse that the postulated universality is rare. The theory of universal grammar remains a subject of debate among linguists.
2011–12 Welsh Alliance League
The 2011–12 Welsh Alliance League, known as the Lock Stock Welsh Alliance League for sponsorship reasons, is the 28th season of the Welsh Alliance League, which consists of two divisions: the third and fourth levels of the Welsh football pyramid.

There are sixteen teams in Division 1 and twelve teams in Division 2, with the champions of Division 1 promoted to the Cymru Alliance and the bottom two teams relegated to Division 2. In Division 2, the champions, and runners-up are promoted to Division 1.

The season began on 13 August 2011 and concluded on 8 May 2012 with Holyhead Hotspur as Division 1 champions, Llanfairpwll and Caernarfon Wanderers, who folded at the start of the 2012–13 season, were relegated to Division 2. In Division 2, Glantraeth were champions with Llanberis as runners-up.

Llanberis F.C.
53°07′10″N 4°07′29″W﻿ / ﻿53.119567°N 4.124707°W﻿ / 53.119567; -4.124707

Llanberis F.C. (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Llanberis) are a Welsh football club play in the North Wales Coast West Premier Division. Their ground is located in the centre of the village. Their nickname is Y Darans.
Crown Colony of Malacca
Malacca was a British Crown colony from 1946 to 1957. It came under British sovereignty after the signing of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, and was part of the Straits Settlements until 1946.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Japanese from 1942 to 1945. Following the disbandment of the Straits Settlements in the aftermath of World War II, Penang and Malacca evolved into Crown colonies within the Federation of Malaya, while Singapore transformed into an individual Crown colony distinct from Malaya. In 1955, Tunku Abdul Rahman held a meeting with the British to discuss the end of British rule in Malacca with a merger with Malayan Union (which was then replaced by Federation of Malaya). On 31 August 1957, when Malaya achieved its independence from the United Kingdom, Malacca was integrated as part of the federation, which was later known as Malaysia when it merged with the territories in British Borneo.

Federation of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963. It succeeded the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya. It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of the Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca. It was established on 1 February 1948.

Initially a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom, Malaya became fully sovereign on 31 August 1957, and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Singapore, North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya along with Sarawak and Sabah – now collectively known as East Malaysia – to form modern-day Malaysia, while the former Federation of Malaya is now referred to as Peninsular Malaysia or West Malaysia.
Lucha Libre World Cup (2017)
The Lucha Libre World Cup was a two-day professional wrestling event and tournament  organized by Mexican professional wrestling promotion Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA) with the financial backing of the Grupo Modelo brewery, with Victoria Beer as the official sponsor. The tournament took place on October 9 and October 10 in Tokyo's Shin-Kiba 1st Ring and Korakuen Hall venues, marking the first time the tournament has been held outside AAA's home country of Mexico. The 2017 edition of the tournament also marked the first to feature traditional two-man tag teams, as the previous tournaments had featured a number of three-man tag teams, referred to as trios in Lucha Libre. The tournament showcased teams representing numerous international promotions such as the Inoki Genome Federation (IGF), Impact Wrestling, and Pro Wrestling Noah among others.

Grupo Modelo
Grupo Modelo is a large brewery in Mexico owned by Anheuser-Busch that exports beer to most countries of the world. Its export brands include Corona, Modelo, and Pacífico. Grupo Modelo also brews brands that are intended solely for the domestic Mexican market and has exclusive rights in Mexico for the import and distribution of beer produced by Anheuser-Busch. Until the 1960s, Grupo Modelo used red poppy flowers in most of its advertising.

In May 2023, Modelo Especial became the top selling beer in the United States by retail dollar sales, surpassing Bud Light. While both beers are owned by the same parent company outside of the United States, the Modelo brand is owned by Constellation Brands in the US and therefore is not affiliated with AB InBev.
2020 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1 to Stage 11
The 2020 Giro d'Italia was the 103rd edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Monreale with an individual time trial on 3 October, and Stage 11 occurred on 14 October with a stage to Rimini. The race finished in Milan on 25 October.

Monreale
Monreale (/ˌmɒnriˈæl/; Italian pronunciation: [monreˈaːle]; Sicilian: Murriali) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Palermo, Sicily, Southern Italy. It is located 310 meters (1017.06 ft) above the sea level on the slope of Mount Caputo, a small promontory overlooking the valley of Palermo, from which it is approximately 7 km (4 miles) to the south.

The town developed on a site used by the Norman kings for hunting. They built a royal palace there, hence the name Mons Regalis. The city gained great importance when king William II of Sicily built Monreale Cathedral with the adjoining Benedictine monastery. In 1183, it became the seat of the archbishop.

Monreale forms its own archdiocese. Its cathedral is one of several buildings named in a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a group of nine inscribed as Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale.
Dashe District
22°44′35″N 120°22′17″E﻿ / ﻿22.743098°N 120.371334°E﻿ / 22.743098; 120.371334

Dashe District (Chinese: 大社區; pinyin: Dàshè Qū; Wade–Giles: Ta4-she4 Ch'ü1) is a suburban district in southwest Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.

District (Taiwan)
Districts are administrative subdivisions of Taiwan's special municipalities of the second level and provincial cities of the third level formerly under its provinces. There are two types of district in the administrative scheme:

Ordinary districts are governed directly by the municipality/city government, with district administrators appointed by mayors to four-year terms. The mountain indigenous district is a local government body with elected district chiefs as well as district council serving four-year terms.
The Bread Peddler (1934 film)
The Bread Peddler (French: La porteuse de pain) is a 1934 French drama film directed by René Sti and starring Germaine Dermoz, Jacques Grétillat and Simone Bourday. It is based on Xavier de Montépin's novel of the same title.

The film's sets were designed by Eugène Lourié.

Germaine Dermoz
Germaine Dermoz (born Germaine Deluermoz; 30 July 1888 – 6 November 1966) was a French film and theatre actress of the early-to-mid twentieth century.

She performed in over twenty theatre productions, frequently in the Théâtre Réjane. Her film career took place mostly during the silent movie era. She is most famous for her portrayal of Madame Beudet in The Smiling Madame Beudet.

She had an older sister, actress Jeanne Delvair née Duluermoz (1877–1949), and a younger brother, Henri Deluermoz (1876–1943), who was a painter.
Silicon shield
Silicon shield is the principle in geopolitical relations regarding Chinese unification that the semiconductor industry in Taiwan is important enough to global economic prosperity that it would deter an attempt by China to seize Taiwan by force, and if not would induce foreign powers, particularly the United States, to defend Taiwan in order to preserve the stability of the semiconductor supply chain.

Semiconductor industry in Taiwan
The  semiconductor industry, including Integrated Circuit (IC) manufacturing, design, and packaging, forms a major part of Taiwan's IT industry. Due to its strong capabilities in OEM wafer manufacturing and a complete industry supply chain, Taiwan has been able to distinguish itself as a leading microchip manufacturer and dominate the global marketplace.

Taiwan's semiconductor sector accounted for US$115 billion, around 20 percent of the global semiconductor industry. In sectors such as foundry operations, Taiwanese companies account for 50 percent of the world market, with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) the biggest player in the foundry market.
Versus (Emarosa album)
Versus is the third studio album by American rock band Emarosa. The album was released on September 5, 2014 through Rise Records and was produced by Brian McTernan. It is the band's last album to be released on this label. It is also the first album to feature vocalist Bradley Walden and the last to feature rhythm guitarist Jonas Ladekjaer, bassist Will Sowers, and drummer Lukas Koszewski.

Brian McTernan
Brian McTernan is an American musician and record producer from Baltimore, Maryland. McTernan was the lead vocalist in the hardcore punk band Battery, the guitarist in Ashes, and is the singer in Be Well.  In 2009, he was named one of "the 50 most influential people in Maryland" by the editors of The Daily Record.

McTernan operates the recording studio Salad Days from his home in Beltsville, Maryland. His studio is named after the Minor Threat song of the same name. In 2003, he formed Salad Days Records, a record label affiliated with Atlantic Records, through which he signed and released music by Moments in Grace.
Nox (video game)
Nox is an action role-playing game developed and published by Westwood Studios and Electronic Arts in 2000 for Microsoft Windows. It details the story of Jack, a young man from Earth who is pulled into a high fantasy parallel universe and has to defeat the evil sorceress Hecubah and her army of necromancers to return home. Depending on the player's choice of character class at the beginning of the game (warrior, conjurer, or wizard), the game follows three largely different linear storylines, each leading to its unique ending.

In multiplayer, players can compete against each other in various game modes such as deathmatch and capture the flag, while the freely downloadable expansion pack NoxQuest added a cooperative multiplayer mode. The game was generally well received by critics and the media.

Capture the flag
Capture the Flag  (CTF) is a traditional outdoor sport where two or more teams each have a flag (or other markers) and the objective is to capture the other team's flag, located at the team's "base" (or hidden or even buried somewhere in the territory), and bring it safely back to their own base. Enemy players can be "tagged" by players when out of their home territory and, depending on the rules, they may be out of the game, become members of the opposite team, be sent back to their own territory, be frozen in place, or be sent to "jail" until freed by a member of their own team.
Taal (film)
Taal (transl. Rhythm) is a 1999 Indian Hindi-language musical romantic drama co-written, edited, produced and directed by Subhash Ghai. The film stars Anil Kapoor, Aishwarya Rai and Akshaye Khanna in lead roles, while Amrish Puri and Alok Nath feature in supporting roles.

Taal was released on 13 August 1999, coinciding with the Indian Independence Day weekend, and proved to be a major commercial success at the domestic and overseas box-office, becoming the first Indian film to reach the Top 20 on Variety's box-office list.

At the 45th Filmfare Awards, Taal received 12 nominations, including Best Film, Best Director (Ghai) and Best Actress (Rai), and won 6 awards, including Best Supporting Actor (Kapoor), Best Music Director (Rahman) and Best Lyricist (Anand Bakshi for "Ishq Bina").

Filmfare Award for Best Actress
The Filmfare Award for Best Actress is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise the actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. The award was first presented in 1954 for the films released in 1953.
Adelina Munro Drysdale
Princess Adelina de Colonna, Duchess of Rignano (born Adelina Munro Drysdale; 19 September 1896 – 14 December 1942) was a Scottish Argentine socialite. In her honour, her grandfather Duncan MacKay Munro named the Villa Adelina train station of Córdoba Central Railway (current General Belgrano Railway) after her. The town then built around the station in Vicente López Partido also took the name "Villa Adelina".

Córdoba Central Railway
The Córdoba Central  Railway (CCR) (in Spanish: Ferrocarril Central Córdoba) was a British-owned railway company, founded in 1887, that operated a 1,960 km (1,220 mi) 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge railway network in Argentina which extended from Buenos Aires, north west via Rosario and Córdoba, to Tucumán. Financial problems forced the sale of the company to the Government of Argentina in 1938.

With the railway nationalisation in Argentina in 1948, the CCR became part of Belgrano Railway.
Icelandic Women's Basketball Company Cup
The Icelandic Women's Basketball Company Cup, commonly known as the  Women's Company Cup (Icelandic: Fyrirtækjabikar kvenna), was an annual basketball competition between clubs in Iceland that was organized by the Icelandic Basketball Federation. It was Iceland's second-tier cup competition, and is not to be confused with Iceland's first-tier cup competition, the Icelandic Cup.

Icelandic Basketball Association
The Icelandic Basketball Association (Icelandic:Körfuknattleikssamband Íslands - KKÍ) is the national governing body of basketball in Iceland and is a member of the continental association FIBA Europe and the global International Basketball Federation (FIBA). It directs and oversees all of the national basketball teams of Iceland, including both the junior and senior national teams of both men and women.

It was founded on January 29, 1961 and its first chairman was Bogi Þorsteinsson, but current chairman is Kristinn Albertsson.
Ascari A410
The Ascari A410 was a Le Mans Prototype built by Ascari Cars in 2000. The car, which was based on the Lola T92/10 Group C racing car, featured a 4-litre Judd GV4 V10 engine, and was used in European and international sports car racing events. In 2002, it was renamed as the Ascari KZR-1.

Two cars were built.

Group C
Group C was a category of sports car racing introduced by the FIA in 1982 and continuing until 1993, with Group A for touring cars and Group B for GTs.

It was designed to replace both Group 5 special production cars (closed top touring prototypes like Porsche 935) and Group 6 two-seat racing cars (open-top sportscar prototypes like Porsche 936). Group C was used in the FIA's World Endurance Championship (1982–1985), World Sports-Prototype Championship (1986–1990), World Sportscar Championship (1991–1992) and in the European Endurance Championship (1983 only). It was also used for other sports car racing series around the globe (All Japan Sports Prototype Championship, Supercup, Interserie). The final year for the class came in 1993, thereafter being replaced by Group GT1.

Broadly similar rules were used in the North American IMSA Grand Touring Prototype series (GTP).
14-Hydroxymorphine
14-Hydroxymorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid, chemical compound closely related to alkaloid morphine, characterized by an additional hydroxyl group at the 14th position.

It is a potential precursor or metabolite of other potent opioids, such as oxymorphone (which is 14-hydroxydihydromorphinone). Its chemical structure includes the basic morphine skeleton with additional complexity at the 14th carbon atom, It is primarily of interest in chemical and pharmacological research as an intermediate in the synthesis of more potent semi-synthetic opioids.

14-hydroxymorphine acts primarily as a μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist. It also exhibits some activity at other opioid receptors, but its primary action is at the MOR.

Mu-opioid receptor
The μ-opioid receptors (using the Greek letter mu, abbreviated MOR) are a class of opioid receptors with a high affinity for enkephalins and beta-endorphin, but a low affinity for dynorphins. They are also referred to as μ(mu)-opioid peptide (MOP) receptors. The prototypical μ-opioid receptor agonist is morphine, the primary psychoactive alkaloid in opium and for which the receptor was named, with mu being the first letter of Morpheus, the compound's namesake in the original Greek. It is an inhibitory G-protein coupled receptor that activates the Gi alpha subunit, inhibiting adenylate cyclase activity, lowering cAMP levels.
Parker Peak (California)
Parker Peak is a 12,861-foot-elevation (3,920-meter) mountain summit located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Mono County of northern California, United States. It is situated in the Ansel Adams Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is approximately 7.0 miles (11.3 km) northwest of the community of June Lake, 1.2 miles (1.9 km) east of Yosemite National Park's eastern boundary, and 1.0 mile (1.6 km) east of Koip Peak, the nearest higher neighbor. The mountain is visible from the June Lake Loop, and from the nearby June Mountain ski area. Topographic relief is significant as it rises over 5,700 feet (1,700 meters) above Grant Lake in four miles. This geographical feature's name has been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1914 by Norman Clyde.

Ansel Adams Wilderness
The Ansel Adams Wilderness is a wilderness area in the Sierra Nevada of California, United States. The wilderness spans 231,533 acres (93,698 ha); 33.9% of the territory lies in the Inyo National Forest, 65.8% is in the Sierra National Forest, and the remaining 0.3% covers nearly all of Devils Postpile National Monument. Yosemite National Park lies to the north and northwest, while the John Muir Wilderness lies to the south.
Jessica Wade (footballer)
Jessica Wade (born 11 April 2003) is a South African soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Kansallinen Liiga club Åland United and the South Africa women's national team.

She was named the inaugural SAFA Women's League midfielder of the season at the 2025 awards.

Åland United
Åland United is a Finnish women's football club based in Lemland, Åland. They compete in the Kansallinen Liiga, the premier women's football league in Finland.

In 2004 Åland's clubs Lemlands IF and IF Finströms Kamraterna decided to strengthen the women's football in the region. Their combined team operated under Lemlands IF using the name Åland United. United managed promotion to the top national women's league, the Naisten Liiga, in 2005. In 2008 other Ålandic clubs Sunds IF, IFK Mariehamn and Saltviks IF joined in the cooperation and Åland United became an independent, pure women's football club.

In 2009 Åland United won the championship and played in the 2010–11 UEFA Women's Champions League. They started in the round of 32 and lost both legs to reigning champion Turbine Potsdam. In subsequent seasons Åland United has been 3rd (2010), 4th (2011), 2nd (2012) and champions (2013)
Macau incident (1601)
The Macau incident of 1601 occurred when the first Dutch ships reached the Chinese coast during the Age of Discovery. The Dutch squadron, led by Jacob Corneliszoon van Neck, approached the waters of Portuguese Macau on 27 September 1601, but were met with hostility by its residents, who captured the Dutch reconnaissance parties and summarily executed 17 of the crew. The news of this injustice incensed Dutch captains operating in Asian waters, leading to the capture of the Santa Catarina carrack in the Singapore Strait in 1603.

Singapore Strait
The Singapore Strait is a 113 km-long (70 mi), 19 km-wide (12 mi) strait between the Strait of Malacca in the west and the South China Sea in the east. Singapore is on the north of the channel, and the Indonesian Riau Islands are on the south. The two countries share a maritime border along the strait.

It includes Keppel Harbour and many small islands. The strait provides the deepwater passage to the Port of Singapore, which makes it very busy. Approximately 2,000 merchant ships traverse the waters on a daily basis in 2017. The depth of the Singapore Strait limits the maximum draft of vessels going through the Straits of Malacca, and the Malaccamax ship class.
Counts of Montfort (Swabia)
The Counts of Montfort were an ancient German noble dynasty from Swabia. They belonged to high nobility of the Holy Roman Empire and enjoyed the privileged status of Imperial immediacy.

The influential and wealthy counts of Montfort took their name from an ancestral castle named Montfort, which was situated close to today's Swiss border near Weiler, in the present-day Austrian state of Vorarlberg.

As the lords of Feldkirch (until 1390), Bregenz (until 1523), and Tettnang (until 1779), they would have a decisive influence on the development of not just Vorarlberg, but also Upper Swabia and Eastern Switzerland.

Bregenz
Bregenz (German: [ˈbʁeːɡɛnts] ⓘ; Vorarlbergian: Breagaz [ˈb̥rea̯ɡ̊ats]) is the capital of Vorarlberg, the westernmost state of Austria. The city lies on the east and southeast shores of Lake Constance, the third-largest freshwater lake in Central Europe, between Switzerland in the west and Germany in the northwest.

Bregenz is located on a plateau falling in a series of terraces to the lake at the foot of Pfänder mountain. It is a junction of the arterial roads from the Rhine valley to the German Alpine foothills, with cruise ship services on Lake Constance.

It is famous for the annual summer music festival Bregenzer Festspiele, as well as the dance festival Bregenzer Spring.
We'll Bring the House Down
We'll Bring the House Down is the ninth studio album by the British rock group Slade. It was released on 13 March 1981 and reached No. 25 in the UK. The album was produced by Slade, except "My Baby's Got It" which was produced by Chas Chandler. The album was the first studio album released by the band after their successful appearance at the 1980 Reading Festival. In order to capitalise on their revival, Slade quickly compiled this new album, made up of some new tracks and some recycled ones, mainly from their failed Return to Base album of 1979.

Chas Chandler
Bryan James "Chas" Chandler (18 December 1938 – 17 July 1996) was an English musician, record producer and manager, best known as the original bassist in the Animals, for which he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994. He also managed the band Slade, and Jimi Hendrix, about whom he was regularly interviewed until his death in 1996.