hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simanjiro Conservation Easement
The Simanjiro Conservation Easement is a novel payment for ecosystem services  scheme in the Simanjiro Plains of Tanzania, an important wet-season grazing area between Tarangire National Park and Mount Kilimanjaro. This contractual agreement between individual villages and a consortium of tourism vendors obligates local residents to forgo agricultural activities in some areas in return for annual cash payments of 5 million Tanzanian shillings (US$3000 or €2300 as of January 2013) per village.

It is significant because it is among the first payment for ecosystem services (PES) projects to exclude the involvement of government conservation agencies.

Expanding crop production had come in conflict with wildlife for some time, leading the regional government to try to restrict cultivation in the plains.

The scheme started with Terrat in 2004 and 2005. The village of Sukuro joined later.

Tarangire National Park
Tarangire National Park is a national park in Tanzania's Manyara Region. The name of the park originates from the Tarangire River that crosses the park. The Tarangire River is the primary source of fresh water for wild animals in the Tarangire Ecosystem during the annual dry season. The Tarangire Ecosystem is defined by the long-distance migration of wildebeest and zebras. During the dry season thousands of animals concentrate in Tarangire National Park from the surrounding wet-season dispersal and calving areas.

It covers an area of approximately 2,850 km2 (1,100 sq mi). The landscape is composed of granitic ridges, river valley, and swamps. Vegetation is a mix of Acacia woodland, Combretum woodland, seasonally flooded grassland, and Adansonia trees.
Otto Stobbe
Johann Ernst Otto Stobbe (June 28, 1831 – May 19, 1887) was a German historian and law professor born in Königsberg.

He studied history, philology and jurisprudence at the University of Königsberg, earning his law degree in 1853. He continued his education in Leipsic and Göttingen, and in 1856 received his habilitation. Soon afterwards he became a professor of German law at Königsberg, later holding similar positions at the Universities of Breslau (from 1859) and Leipzig (from 1872).

Law of Germany
The law of Germany (German: Deutsches Recht), that being the modern German legal system (German: deutsches Rechtssystem), is a system of civil law which is founded on the principles laid out by the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, though many of the most important laws, for example most regulations of the civil code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, or BGB) were developed prior to the 1949 constitution.  It is composed of public law (öffentliches Recht), which regulates the relations between a citizen/person and the state (including criminal law) or two bodies of the state,  and the private law, (Privatrecht) which regulates the relations between two people or companies. It has been subject to a wide array of influences from Roman law, such as the Justinian Code the Corpus Juris Civilis, and to a lesser extent the Napoleonic Code.
Reynold A. Nicholson
Reynold Alleyne Nicholson, FBA (18 August 1868 – 27 August 1945), or R. A. Nicholson, was an eminent English orientalist, scholar of both Islamic literature and Islamic mysticism, and widely regarded as one of the greatest Rumi (Mevlana or Mawlana) scholars and translators in the English language.

Islamic literature
Islamic literature is literature written by Muslim people, influenced by an Islamic cultural perspective, or literature that portrays Islam. It can be written in any language and portray any country or region. It includes many literary forms including adabs, a non-fiction form of Islamic advice literature, and various fictional literary genres.
John IV, Duke of Krnov
John IV, Duke of Krnov (also known as John IV of Opava-Racibórz or John the Elder; Czech: Jan IV. Krnovský; German: Johann IV. von Jägerndorf or Johann III. von Troppau-Ratibor; c. 1440–1483 in Wodzisław Śląski) was a member of the Opavian branch of the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty.  He was Duke of Krnov from 1452 to 1474 and Duke of Wodzisław Śląski from 1464 until his death.

Wodzisław Śląski
Wodzisław Śląski (Polish: [vɔˈd͡ʑiswaf ˈɕlɔ̃skʲi] ⓘ; German: Loslau, Czech: Vladislav, Latin: Vladislavia, Yiddish: וואידסלוב, romanized: Voydislav, Silesian: Władźisłůw) is a town in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland with 47,992 inhabitants (2019). It is the seat of Wodzisław County.

It was previously in Katowice Voivodeship (1975–1998); close to the border with the Czech Republic, about 350 kilometres (217 miles) south of Warsaw and about 140 kilometres (87 miles) west of Kraków, on the southern outskirts of the metropolitan area known as the Upper Silesian Coal Basin.
Rock Will Never Die
Rock Will Never Die is a Michael Schenker Group live album released in 1984 and recorded at Hammersmith Odeon in London, over two nights in October 1983. The concert was also released in VHS with the same title. This is the last album recorded with Gary Barden before he rejoined the band in 2008.

The final track "Doctor Doctor", which Schenker originally recorded with UFO, features a guest appearance by Klaus Meine and Rudolf Schenker of Scorpions, Michael Schenker's former band.

Klaus Meine
Klaus Meine (German pronunciation: [klaʊs ˈmaɪnə]; born 25 May 1948) is a German singer, best known as the longtime frontman and primary lyricist of the hard rock band Scorpions. Meine and guitarist Rudolf Schenker are the only two members of the group to appear on every Scorpions album, though he did not join the band until 1969, four years after its founding. Meine placed at number 22 on Hit Parader's 'Top Heavy Metal Vocalists of All Time' list in 2006.
James Stansfeld
Sir James Stansfeld, GCB (/ˈstænsfiːld/ STANSS-feeld; 5 March 1820 – 17 February 1898) was a British Radical and Liberal politician and social reformer who served as Under-Secretary of State for India (1866), Financial Secretary to the Treasury (1869–71) and President of the Poor Law Board (1871) before being appointed the first President of the Local Government Board (1871–74 and 1886).

President of the Local Government Board
The President of the Local Government Board was a ministerial post, frequently a Cabinet position, in the United Kingdom, established in 1871.  The Local Government Board itself was established in 1871 and took over supervisory functions from the Board of Trade and the Home Office, including the Local Government Act Office, which had been established by the Local Government Act 1858, as well as the Poor Law Board, which it replaced.

The position was abolished in 1919, following the First World War, and the duties transferred to the new position of Minister of Health.
The Boss (2016 film)
The Boss is a 2016 American comedy film directed by Ben Falcone and written by Falcone, Melissa McCarthy and Steve Mallory. The film stars McCarthy, Kristen Bell, Ella Anderson, Tyler Labine, Kathy Bates, Annie Mumolo, Timothy Simons, and Peter Dinklage.

The film follows a wealthy woman who, after being arrested and losing her fortune, uses her assistant's daughter's Dandelion Girls cookie sales to return to the top.

The Boss had its premiere in Sydney on March 21, 2016, and was theatrically released in the United States on April 8 by Universal Pictures. Although it received generally negative reviews from critics, it grossed over $78 million worldwide on a budget of $29 million.

Tyler Labine
Tyler Labine (born April 29, 1978) is a Canadian actor. He is best known for starring in the film Tucker & Dale vs. Evil, the television series Breaker High, Invasion, Reaper, Deadbeat and as Dr. Iggy Frome, head of psychiatry, in the NBC medical drama New Amsterdam.
Eddie Austin
Edward Austin is a retired Scottish-American football (soccer) forward who played professionally in the North American Soccer League and American Soccer League.  He later had an extensive career in team management culminating in working as the Chief Operations Officer for the Tampa Bay Mutiny of Major League Soccer.  He was the 1998 and 2001 MLS Operations Executive of the Year.

American Soccer League (1933–1983)
The American Soccer League has been a name used by four different professional soccer sports leagues in the United States. The second American Soccer League was established in summer 1933 following the collapse of the original American Soccer League, which lasted from 1921 until spring 1933. The new league was created on a smaller scale and with smaller budgets. This league existed until over-expansion and financial limitations led to its collapse in 1983. Two successor leagues later operated.
Crescent Moon (The Avengers)
"Crescent Moon" is the fifth episode of the first series of the 1960s British spy-fi television series The Avengers, starring Ian Hendry, Patrick Macnee and Ingrid Hafner, and guest starring Patience Collier, Roger Delgado, Harold Kasket, and Bandana Das Gupta. It was performed and aired live on ABC on 4 February 1961, and is one of many Season 1 episodes that as of 2025 is considered lost.  The episode was directed by John Knight, and written by Geoffrey Bellman and John Whitney.

Roger Delgado
Roger Caesar Marius Bernard de Delgado Torres Castillo Roberto (1 March 1918 – 18 June 1973) was an English actor. He played many roles on television, radio and in films, and had "a long history of playing minor villains" before becoming best known as the first actor to play the Master in Doctor Who (1971–73).
Point Lynas Lighthouse
Point Lynas Lighthouse (Welsh: Goleudy Trwyn y Balog) is located on a headland in Llaneilian Community, on the north-east corner of Anglesey in North Wales (at grid reference SH479936). A pilot station was established on the point in 1766, to guide ships entering and leaving Liverpool, with an associated lighthouse added in 1779. The present building was built on the hilltop in 1835, so does not need a tower. Built and managed by the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, it did not come under the care of Trinity House until 1973. By 2001 the lights were fully automated, so no resident staff were needed. Whilst the light is retained in operational use, the building and associated lighthouse keepers cottages were returned to the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board who sold them to be a private home and holiday accommodation.

Trinity House
Trinity House, founded by Royal Charter in 1514, is the General lighthouse authority for England, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Gibraltar. It maintains navigational aids such as lightvessels and buoys, as well as communications services and pilotage for ships in the North Sea. These are financed by dues levied on commercial vessels calling at ports in the British Isles.

In addition, Trinity operates a registered charity, which provides welfare services for retired seamen, education, and promoting safety at sea. Funding for this is generated separately.
Washington State Route 165
State Route 165 (SR 165) is a state highway in Pierce County, Washington, United States. It travels north–south along the Carbon River between Mount Rainier National Park near Mowich Lake to a junction with SR 410 in Buckley. The highway passes through the towns of Carbonado and Wilkeson and also intersects SR 162 near South Prairie. SR 165 is the only state highway in Washington to include an unpaved section.

Carbon River
The Carbon River is a river in the U.S. state of Washington. It flows about 30 miles (48 km) from its source, the Carbon Glacier on Mount Rainier, to join the Puyallup River at Orting.

Charles Wilkes called the river the "Upthascap River", but after the discovery of coal along its banks in 1876 the river was renamed "Carbon".
Walt Disney Imagineering Blue Sky Cellar
Walt Disney Imagineering Blue Sky Cellar was a preview center which opened October 20, 2008 replacing the Seasons of the Vine Theater at Disney California Adventure at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California.

The preview center was used to promote upcoming attractions coming to the park, such as the dark ride The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure, Goofy's Sky School roller coaster, Buena Vista Street and the Cars Land themed areas. The exhibit often showed a preview film that featured Imagineers talking about the upcoming attractions, which was updated routinely as construction progressed.

Walt Disney Imagineering Blue Sky Cellar was officially closed on March 14, 2020 and was later replaced by a Disney Vacation Club Welcome Center.

Goofy's Sky School
Goofy's Sky School  is a steel wild mouse roller coaster at the Paradise Gardens Park section of Disney California Adventure in Anaheim, California. The ride is based on Disney's 1940 short film Goofy's Glider.  The rethemed attraction opened on July 1, 2011.
Saccharine (film)
Saccharine is a 2026 Australian horror film written and directed by Natalie Erika James. Starring Midori Francis, Madeleine Madden, Danielle Macdonald, Robert Taylor and Showko Showfukutei.

The film had its world premiere at the Midnight section of the 2026 Sundance Film Festival on 22 January.

2026 Sundance Film Festival
The 2026 Sundance Film Festival took place in Park City and Salt Lake City, Utah from January 22 to February 1, 2026. Film premieres at the festival were held from January 22 to January 27, 2026. The first selection lineup was announced on December 10, 2025. The festival would be the last Sundance Film Festival held in Utah before the festival relocates to Boulder, Colorado in 2027. Several films notably received standing ovations during the festival, including Fing, Josephine, Wicker, The Invite, Levitating, and Union County.
2021 LET Access Series
The 2021 LET Access Series was a series of professional women's golf tournaments held from June through October 2021 across Europe. The LET Access Series is the second-tier women's professional golf tour in Europe and is the official developmental tour of the Ladies European Tour.

Ladies European Tour
The Ladies European Tour is a professional golf tour for women which was founded in 1978. Most of the players on the tour are European, with members from more than 40 countries internationally. Despite its name, the tour also has tournaments in Africa, Asia, North America and Oceania.

The organization is based at Buckinghamshire Golf Club near London in England. Like many British-based sports organisations it is a company limited by guarantee, a legal structure which enables it to focus on maximising returns to its members through prize money, rather than on making profits for investors. The tour is run by a board of directors and a Players' Council.
FIVEAA
FIVEAA (pronounced Five Double A; callsign 5AA) is Adelaide's only commercial talkback radio station. The station has a range of programs including news, sports, current affairs, social issues, football calls, gardening, lifestyle, cars, travel and health. It is owned by Nova Entertainment.

ABC Radio Adelaide
ABC Radio Adelaide (call sign: 5AN) is the ABC Local Radio station in Adelaide, Australia. It is broadcast at 891 kHz on the AM band, on DAB digital radio and on the ABC Listen app. It is also available on Digital TV on channel 25 in Adelaide.
Anjum Fakih
Anjuum Fakih (born 12 September 1989) earlier known as Anjum Fakih is an Indian actress and model who works in Hindi television. She is best known for her work in Zee TV soap operas Ek Tha Raja Ek Thi Rani (2015–16) and Kundali Bhagya (2017–23), and Sony TV's Bade Achhe Lagte Hain 2 (2021–22).

Sony Entertainment Television
Sony Entertainment Television (abbreviated as SET) is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel that was launched in 1995 and is owned by Sony Pictures Networks, a division of Sony Pictures.
1654 Tianshui earthquake
The 1654 Tianshui earthquake occurred on July 21 in Tianshui, Gansu Province, Ming dynasty sometime between 21:00 and 23:00 local time. The event had an estimated moment magnitude of 7.0 and was assigned a maximum intensity of XI on the China seismic intensity scale. Resulting in extreme damage and affecting at least four provinces, the quake killed approximately 30,000 people.

Tianshui
Tianshui is a prefecture-level city in Gansu province, China, and is the province's second-largest city (behind the provincial capital Lanzhou). Located in the southeast of the province, the city strides along the upper reaches of the Wei River and at the boundary of  the Loess Plateau and the Qinling Mountains. As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,984,659 inhabitants, of which 1,212,791 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 2 urban districts of Qinzhou and Maiji. The city and its surroundings have played an important role in the early history of China, as still visible in the form of historic sites such as the Maijishan Grottoes.
John Laurance
John Laurance (sometimes spelled "Lawrence" or "Laurence") (1750 – November 11, 1810) was a delegate to the 6th, 7th, and 8th Congresses of the Confederation, a United States representative and United States Senator from New York and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New York.

Laurance briefly served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate in December 1798.

Alexander McDougall
Major General Alexander McDougall (1732– 9 June 1786) was a Continental Army officer and politician who was a leader of Sons of Liberty during the American Revolution. He served in the Army during the Revolutionary War, and as a delegate to the Continental Congress. After the war, he was the president of the first bank in the state of New York and served a term in the New York State Senate.
Rena Uezono
Rena Uezono (上薗 恋奈, Uezono Rena; born June 7, 2010) is a Japanese figure skater. She is the 2024 World Junior bronze medalist, the 2023–24 ISU Junior Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, the 2023 JGP Poland champion, and the 2023 JGP Turkey silver medalist.

At the domestic level, Uezono is the 2023–24 Japan Junior bronze medalist and the 2022–23 Japan Novice A champion.

ISU Junior Grand Prix in Poland
The ISU Junior Grand Prix in Poland is an international figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Polish Figure Skating Association (Polish: Polski Związek Łyżwiarstwa Figurowego). It is held periodically as an event of the ISU Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating (JGP), a series of international competitions exclusively for junior-level skaters. It has been held under several names during its history, including the Gdańsk Cup (2005), the Toruń Cup (2009, 2015), the Baltic Cup (2011, 2013, 2019, 2021, 2022), and the Solidarity Cup (2022, 2023, 2024). Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earn points based on their results at the qualifying competitions each season, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline are invited to then compete at the Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final.
Four for All
Four for All is an album by the group Sphere featuring saxophonist Charlie Rouse, pianist Kenny Barron, bassist Buster Williams, and drummer Ben Riley which was recorded in 1983 and released on the Verve label.

Kenny Barron
Kenneth Barron (born June 9, 1943) is an American jazz pianist and composer who has appeared on hundreds of recordings as leader and sideman and is considered one of the most influential mainstream jazz pianists since the bebop era.
Gamma Alpha Rho
Gamma Alpha Rho (ΓΑΡ) was an American aeronautical engineering student honor society. It was created at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York in 1945. It merged with Tau Omega, an aeronautical professional fraternity, to create the aeronautical honor society Sigma Gamma Tau in 1953.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
Kurban Shiraev
Kurban Alievich Shiraev (born 28 March 1999) is a Russian freestyle wrestler who competes at 65 and 70 kilograms. The 2020 European Continental champion, Shiraev is a two–time Ivan Yarygin Golden Grand Prix gold medalist (2020 and 2021) and a two–time Russian National Championship medalist (2020 and 2021).

Soslan Ramonov
Soslan Lyudvikovich Ramonov (Ossetian: Рæмонаты Людвичы фырт Сослан; Russian: Сослан Людвикович Рамонов; born 1 January 1991) is a Russian retired freestyle wrestler of Ossetian origin. He is a 2016 Olympic gold medalist. In 2014 he won a national and a world title in the -65 kg category. He is coached by Anatoly Margiyev and his uncle, Stanislav Ramonov. His elder brother Alan and cousin Hamlet are also competitive wrestlers. In the final match of the Alexander Medved International tournament he beat the current World Champion Frank Chamizo of Italy. At the 2016 Olympics he beat Toghrul Asgarov of Azerbaijan in the final match.
HoBoLeMa
HoBoLeMa was a progressive rock supergroup which consisted of Allan Holdsworth, Terry Bozzio, Tony Levin and Pat Mastelotto. The group toured Japan in November 2008, the West Coast of the United States in January 2010 and Europe in April and May 2010. The name "HoBoLeMa" comes from combining the first two letters of each of their last names.

HoBoLeMa performed shows without any written music, improvising multiple live sets with breaks in between. While most of the drums were improvised and acoustic in nature, Mastelotto used some electronic drums and audio samples, Bozzio performed on a large drum kit with several gongs, Levin played the Chapman Stick and an NS electric upright bass, while Holdsworth improvised jazz guitar solos and droning chords over the top.

In January 2009, GuitarPlayer Magazine interviewed all four members of the group about the process of improvisation, and recorded three excerpts from a show in Oakland, California, and posted them online.

Terry Bozzio
Terry John Bozzio (born December 27, 1950) is an American drummer best known for his work with Missing Persons, U.K., and Frank Zappa. He has been featured on nine solo or collaborative albums, 26 albums with Zappa and five albums with Missing Persons. Bozzio has been a prolific sideman, playing on numerous releases by other artists since the mid-1970s. He was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1997.
Queer China, 'Comrade' China
Queer China, 'Comrade' China (Chinese: 誌同志; pinyin: zhi tong zhi), directed by Cui Zi’en, is a 2008 independent Chinese documentary about homosexuality in China. The film features interviews with prominent academics and activists. Interviewees include the film's director Cui Zi'en, actress and activist Shitou, sociologist Li Yinhe and director Zhang Yuan. It covers 80 years of evolution of Chinese attitudes on LGBTQ people, ending with the proposed 2003 Same-sex Marriage Bill.

Li Yinhe
Li Yinhe (simplified Chinese: 李银河; traditional Chinese: 李銀河; pinyin: Lǐ Yínhé; née Li Sanfan; born February 4, 1952) is a Chinese sociologist, sexologist, and activist for LGBT rights in China. Her main academic interests have been sexual norms in contemporary China, homosexuality, diverse sexual behaviors including sadomasochism, and women's studies.