hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gustavus Blin Wright
Gustavus Blin Wright (June 22, 1830 – April 8, 1898) was a pioneer roadbuilder and entrepreneur in British Columbia, Canada. His biggest achievement was building the Old Cariboo Road to the Cariboo gold fields, from Lillooet to Fort Alexandria, but he was also a partner in a freighting firm that operated on the Douglas Road, he ran a toll bridge at Bridge River, near Lillooet, and built part of the road from Quesnel to Barkerville.  He was also the original owner of the town of 70 Mile House.

Alexandria, British Columbia
Alexandria or Fort Alexandria was a general area encompassing a trading post, ferry site, and steamboat landing in the North Cariboo region of central British Columbia. The present unincorporated community is on the eastern side of the Fraser River. On BC Highway 97, the locality is by road about 74 kilometres (46 mi) northwest of Williams Lake and 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of Quesnel.
Usnea moreliana
Usnea moreliana is a species of beard lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It has an erect, shrubby growth form reaching about 10 cm (4 in) long and often has an overall reddish tinge due to pigment in the outer layer. The species bears minute soralia (powdery patches that release soredia) and has a chemistry dominated by unidentified triterpenoids, along with usnic acid. It occurs from Mexico through the tropical Andes to Brazil and Argentina, growing mainly on tree bark in open montane habitats.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
Colin Greenwood
Colin Charles Greenwood (born 26 June 1969) is an English bassist and a member of the rock band Radiohead. Along with bass guitar, Greenwood plays upright bass and electronic instruments.

With his younger brother, the guitarist Jonny Greenwood, Colin attended Abingdon School in Abingdon, England, where they formed Radiohead. Radiohead have achieved acclaim and have sold more than 30 million albums. Greenwood was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Radiohead in 2019.

Greenwood has contributed to solo projects by the other members of Radiohead, and has collaborated with musicians including Tamino, Gaz Coombes, Nick Cave and Warren Ellis. In 2024, he published a book of his photographs of Radiohead.

Warren Ellis (musician)
Warren Ellis (born 14 February 1965) is an Australian musician and composer. He is a member of the rock groups Dirty Three and Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. He performed with the band Grinderman until its disbandment in 2013, and has composed film scores with long-time friend, collaborator and band-mate Nick Cave. Ellis plays the violin, piano, accordion, bouzouki, guitar, flute, mandolin, mandocello and viola. He has been a member of Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds since 1994.
Iron Monkey (band)
Iron Monkey is an English sludge metal band that formed in Nottingham in 1994. The original members were Justin Greaves (drums, ex-Bradworthy), Johnny Morrow (vocals), Jim Rushby (guitar, ex-Ironside, Wartorn), Steve Watson (guitar, ex-Cerebral Fix) and Doug Dalziel (bass, ex-Ironside). The group's sound was influenced in particular by bands such as Grief, Black Sabbath and Eyehategod.

Cerebral Fix
Cerebral Fix are an English thrash metal band formed in Birmingham in 1986. They became members of the UK thrash metal and death metal scenes through four albums, three of which were on major labels before finally disbanding in 1993. In 2006, the band announced its reformation. Drummer Neil Farrington died in the early hours of 20 December 2009. They would reform in 2013 and record a fifth album released in 2016, before disbanding once more in 2017.
Andressa Cintra
Andressa Cintra a Brazilian jiu-jitsu 1st deg. black belt athlete. A three-time IBJJF World and four-time CBJJ Brazilian Nationals Champion in colored belts; Cintra is a four-time black belt World Champion. Pan American and Brasileiro Champion. Cintra is ranked No. 1 in the middleweight 2022–2023 IBJJF Gi Ranking.

Campeonato Brasileiro de Jiu-Jitsu
The Campeonato Brasileiro de Jiu-Jitsu (lit. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship), commonly known as Brasileiro,  is an annual Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) tournament  held in Brazil  by the IBJJF.  Brasileiro has been held annually since 1996, except for the year 2020 when it was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Through 2012 the event was held at the Ginásio do Tijuca Tênis Clube in Rio de Janeiro; since 2013 it has been held at the Ginásio Poliesportivo José Corrêa in  Barueri, São Paulo.
Mortmain
Mortmain (/ˈmɔːrtmeɪn/) is the perpetual, inalienable ownership of real estate by a corporation or legal institution; the term is usually used in the context of its prohibition.  Historically, the land owner usually would be the religious office of a church; today, insofar as mortmain prohibitions against perpetual ownership still exist, it refers most often to modern companies and charitable trusts. The term mortmain is derived from  Medieval Latin mortua manus, literally "dead hand", through Old French morte main (in modern French, mainmorte).

Charitable trust
A charitable trust is an irrevocable trust established for charitable purposes. In some jurisdictions, it is a more specific term than "charitable organization". A charitable trust enjoys varying degrees of tax benefits in most countries and also generates goodwill. Some important terminology in charitable trusts includes the term "corpus" (Latin for "body"), referring to the assets with which the trust is funded, and the term "donor," which is the person donating assets to a charity.
Cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine, sold under the brand name Periactin among others, is a first-generation antihistamine which is used to treat allergies. In addition, it has a number of off-label uses, such as treatment of serotonin syndrome and insomnia. The drug is taken orally.

It is an antihistamine and hence acts as a histamine H1 receptor antagonist. In addition to its antihistamine activity, cyproheptadine has anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, antidopaminergic, and local anesthetic properties. These activities make cyproheptadine useful for various additional uses besides antihistamine indications. As a first-generation antihistamine, cyproheptadine crosses the blood–brain barrier and can produce sedation. The drug can also produce significant central anticholinergic effects at clinically used doses.

Cyproheptadine was patented in 1959 and came into medical use in 1961. In 2023, it was the 234th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

Local anesthetic
A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes unconsciousness. Local anesthetics are most commonly used to eliminate pain during or after surgery. When it is used on specific nerve pathways (local anesthetic nerve block), paralysis (loss of muscle function) also can be induced.
Claude Bouchard
Claude Bouchard CM CQ (born 1939) is professor and the John W. Barton, Sr. Endowed Chair in Genetics and Nutrition at Louisiana State University's Pennington Biomedical Research Center (PBRC), where he is also the director of the Human Genomics Laboratory. He is known for his research on the role of genetics in obesity and in the process of adaptation to regular physical activity. He was president of the Obesity Society in 1991–92.

National Order of Quebec
The National Order of Quebec (French: l'Ordre national du Québec), also known as the Order of Quebec, is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Quebec. Instituted in 1984 when Lieutenant Governor Jean-Pierre Côté granted royal assent to the Loi sur l'Ordre national du Québec (National Order of Quebec Act), the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Quebec residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour in Quebec. In 1986, the order was expanded to include honorary membership for people outside Quebec.
Drums Around the Corner
Drums around the Corner is a posthumous album by Art Blakey recorded in 1958 and 1959, but not released until 1999.

The album was cut from two sessions. The main session, recorded by Rudy Van Gelder at Manhattan Towers, New York City on November 2, 1958, is effectively a showcase for an all-star lineup drummers consisting of Blakey, Philly Joe Jones, Roy Haynes and Ray Barretto (on congas). They are supported by the regular members of the Jazz Messengers at the time, Lee Morgan (trumpet), Bobby Timmons (piano) and Jymie Merritt (bass).

The later session was a duet between Blakey and bassist Paul Chambers, recorded at the Van Gelder Studio in Hackensack, NJ on March 29, 1959.

Van Gelder Studio
The Van Gelder Studio is a recording studio at 445 Sylvan Avenue, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, United States. Following the use of his parents' home at 25 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, New Jersey, for the original studio, Rudy Van Gelder (1924–2016) moved to the new location for his recording studio in July 1959. It has been used to record many albums released by jazz labels such as Blue Note, Prestige, Impulse!, Verve, and CTI. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 25, 2022, for its significance in performing arts and engineering.
Kosovo-Pomoravlje District
The Kosovo–Pomoravlje District (Serbian: Косовско–поморавски округ, romanized: Kosovsko–pomoravski okrug) was administrative district of Serbia between 1992 and the end of the Kosovo War in 1999. The administrative center of the Kosovo–Pomoravlje District was the city of Gjilan. From the Serbian state official point of view, the district continues to be part of Serbia.

Gjilan
Gjilan (Albanian definite form: Gjilani) or Gnjilane (Serbian Cyrillic: Гњилане), is the fourth-largest city in Kosovo, functioning as both a municipality and the administrative centre of the Gjilan District. According to the 2024 census, the municipality has a population of 82,901, with the majority of residents living in the city itself.

The city lies in eastern Kosovo, within the Anamorava region, and enjoys strong transport links to the capital, Pristina, as well as to surrounding cities including Ferizaj, Kamenica, Preševo and Bujanovac.
Morchella anatolica
Morchella anatolica is a rare species of ascomycete fungus in the family Morchellaceae. It was described as new to science in 2010 from southwest Anatolia, Turkey, where it grows on moss-covered stream beds in pine forests. An ancient climatic relict, M. anatolica is restricted to the Mediterranean basin and has also been documented in Spain, Cyprus and Greece, where it is sometimes encountered with trees of the Oleaceae family. Together with its sister-species Morchella rufobrunnea, they are the earliest diverging lineages in genus Morchella, forming a distinct clade that is basal in global morel phylogenies. Because of its phylogenetic position, M. anatolica has been crucial in inferring the historical biogeography of the genus, which is estimated to have emerged somewhere in the Mediterranean region in the late Jurassic.

Mediterranean basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that mostly have a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
KiwiSaver
KiwiSaver is a New Zealand savings scheme. Started operating on 2 July 2007, the scheme allows participants to normally access their KiwiSaver funds only after the age of 65, but can withdraw them earlier in certain limited circumstances, for example if undergoing significant financial hardship or to use as a deposit for a first home.

A policy initiative of the Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand (in office 1999–2008), KiwiSaver is governed by various Acts of Parliament, including the KiwiSaver Act 2006, which was passed in September 2006.

As at 31 March 2025, the Financial Markets Authority reported 3,385,856 New Zealand citizens were members of KiwiSaver, with an average balance of $36,349 per member. Annual contributions were $12.2 billion with investment gains of $6.4 billion, and with $123.1 billion in assets managed by KiwiSaver providers.

New Zealand Superannuation Fund
The New Zealand Superannuation Fund (Māori: Te Kaitiaki Tahua Penihana Kaumātua o Aotearoa) is a sovereign wealth fund of New Zealand. The country provides universal superannuation to people over 65 years of age and the purpose of the Fund is to partially pre-fund the future cost of the New Zealand Superannuation pension, which is expected to increase as a result of New Zealand's ageing population. The Government is expected to begin withdrawing money from the fund in around 2035/36. The fund is a member of the International Forum of Sovereign Wealth Funds and is therefore signed up to the Santiago Principles on best practice in managing sovereign wealth funds.

In 2019, the New Zealand Superannuation Fund was ranked second out of 64 sovereign wealth funds, with a score of 94 out of 100, in the Sovereign Wealth Fund Transparency and Accountability Scoreboard published by the Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Pavanan
Puthan Veetil Narayanan Nair, fondly called and popularly known by his pen name Pavanan  who was born on 26 October 1925 and died on 22 June 2006, was a well-known rationalist, literary critic and left wing political activist from Kerala, India. He was also a well-accomplished  author and journalist, who had won the Kerala Sahithya Akademi Award in 1965 and the Soviet Land Nehru Award in 1979. He was the secretary of the Kerala Sahithya Academy (1977-84) and the General Secretary of the Kerala Union of Working Journalists, and a member of Kerala Kalamandalam and Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Academy. Pavanan was the editor of Malayalam Encyclopedia. He had authored more than a dozen books. Pavanan Foundation Award was constituted by Pavanan Foundation to recognize and honour literary works. In 2011 M. K. Sanu, Malayalam critic and writer had received this award.

Kerala Sahitya Akademi
The Kerala Sahitya Akademi or Academy for Malayalam Literature is an autonomous body established to promote the Malayalam language and literature. It is situated in the city of Thrissur, Kerala in India.
Angarey (1972 film)
Angarey is a Pakistani film directed by Fareed Ahmed. It stars Shamim Ara, Nadeem, Nisho, Masud Akhtar and Agha Talish in lead roles. It was released on 15 September 1972. The music composition was provided by A. Hameed.

Agha Talish
Agha Ali Abbas Qizilbash (also known as Agha Talish) (Punjabi, Urdu: آغا طالِش) (13 November 1923 – 19 February 1998) was a Pakistani actor who made his debut in 1947 and was mostly known and recognized in Pakistan for playing character actor or villain roles. Talish was honoured by a Pride of Performance award, by the Government of Pakistan in 1989.
2004 West Virginia gubernatorial election
The 2004 West Virginia gubernatorial election took place on November 2, 2004 for the post of Governor of West Virginia. Democratic Secretary of State of West Virginia Joe Manchin defeated Republican Monty Warner. Manchin won all but 3 counties. Despite Democratic presidential nominee John Kerry losing the state to George W. Bush by double digits in the concurrent presidential election, Manchin won by nearly 30 points.

Secretary of State of West Virginia
The secretary of state of West Virginia is an elected office within the U.S. state of West Virginia state government. The secretary of state is responsible for overseeing the state's election process, including voter registration and election results reporting.

The current secretary of state is Republican Kris Warner.
Kooran (film)
Kooran is a 2025 Indian Tamil-language legal drama film directed by Nithin Vemupati and co-written along with S. A. Chandrasekhar, starring himself, Y. G. Mahendran, Balaji Sakthivel in the lead roles, alongside Sathyan, George Maryan, Saravana Subbiah, Indraja Shankar, Madhankumar Dhakshinamoorthy, Kavitha Barathi and others in supporting roles.

Kooran released in theatres on 28 February 2025.

George Maryan
George Maryan is an Indian actor and comedian, who has appeared in Tamil cinema. He started his career in theatre, before working in Tamil cinema and has often collaborated with film-makers A. L. Vijay, Siva, M. Manikandan, Lokesh Kanagaraj, Thangar Bachan, Sundar C and Priyadarshan.
Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdul Aziz Al Thani
Sheikh Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdul Aziz Al Thani (Arabic: خالد بن خليفة بن عبد العزيز آل ثاني; born 1968) is a Qatari politician who has served as Prime Minister of Qatar from 28 January 2020 to 7 March 2023 and Minister of the Interior since 28 January 2020.

Qatar's amir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani has accepted the resignation of the country's Prime Minister, Sheikh Khaled bin Khalifa Al Thani.

The Amir has appointed Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman as Qatar's new prime minister. A member of the ruling Al Thani family, he previously served as Chief of the Amiri Diwan from 2014 to 2020.

Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (Arabic: تميم بن حمد بن خليفة آل ثاني, romanized: Tamīm bin Ḥamad bin Khalīfa Āl Thānī; born 3 June 1980) has reigned as the Emir of Qatar since 25 June 2013, succeeding his father, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. Born in Doha, he is the fourth son of the former Emir and his second wife, Moza bint Nasser. Tamim became heir apparent in 2003 after his older brother Sheikh Jassim renounced his claim to the throne.
Great Oʻahu crake
The great Oʻahu rail or great Oʻahu crake ("Porzana" ralphorum) is an extinct bird species from Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. The holotype (USNM collection number 426114) is a right tarsometatarsus found in a flooded sinkhole on the ʻEwa Plain near Barbers Point, the southwestern tip of Oʻahu.

It was known as the medium-large Oahu rail or medium flightless  rail until its formal description, to distinguish it from the other flightless rail species which was endemic on Oʻahu until after the arrival of humans. Previously it was placed in the "wastebin genus" Porzana. Its scientific name honour C. John and Carol Pearson Ralph, who provided housing and other support for the scientists who found and described the species.

Rail (bird)
Rails (avian family Rallidae) are a large, cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized terrestrial or semi-amphibious birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity in its forms, and includes such ubiquitous species as the crakes, coots, and gallinule; other rail species are extremely rare or endangered. Many are associated with wetland habitats, some being semi-aquatic like waterfowl (such as the coot), but many more are wading birds or shorebirds. The ideal rail habitats are marsh areas, including rice paddies, and flooded fields or open forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation for nesting. The rail family is found in every terrestrial habitat with the exception of dry desert, polar or freezing regions, and alpine areas (above the snow line). Members of Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. Numerous unique island species are known.
New York State Route 990L
New York State Route 990L (NY 990L) is a reference route in Chenango County, New York, in the United States. The western terminus of the route is at an intersection with NY 12 in the city of Norwich. Its eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 23 in the town of Norwich. NY 990L is one of four reference routes in New York that has been signed as a touring route. The highway is known as East Main Street in the city of Norwich and as East River Road in the town of Norwich. Both roads were designated state arterial highways in 1954, requiring the state to pay for all maintenance on the roads.

Norwich, New York
Norwich is a city in and the county seat of Chenango County, New York, United States. Surrounded on all sides by the Town of Norwich, the city's name is taken from Norwich, England. As of the 2020 census, Norwich had a population of 7,051. Norwich is best known as the headquarters of the strained yogurt company Chobani.
Novochares
Novochares is a primarily Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetles in the family Hydrophilidae represented by 15 described species, one of which is thought to be introduced in Florida in the United States of America.

Hydrophilidae
Hydrophilidae, also known colloquially as water scavenger beetles, is a family of beetles. Aquatic hydrophilids are notable for their long maxillary palps, which are longer than their antennae. Several of the former subfamilies of Hydrophilidae have recently been removed and elevated to family rank; Epimetopidae, Georissidae (= Georyssidae), Helophoridae, Hydrochidae, and Spercheidae. While the majority of hydrophilids are aquatic, around a third of described species are terrestrial, mostly belonging to the subfamily Sphaeridiinae.

With rare exceptions, the larvae are predatory while the adults may be herbivores or predators in addition to scavenging. Many species are able to produce sounds.

Species of Hydrophilus are reported as pests in fish hatcheries. Other species are voracious consumers of mosquito larvae, and have potential as biological control agents.

This beetle family contains 2,835 species in 169 genera.
Dickenson Road Studios
Dickenson Road Studios was a film and television studio in Rusholme, Manchester, in north-west England. It was originally set up in 1947 in a former Wesleyan Methodist chapel by the film production company Mancunian Films and was acquired by BBC Television in 1954. The studio was used for early editions of the music chart show Top of the Pops between 1964 and 1966.

The studio closed in 1975, when the BBC moved to New Broadcasting House on Oxford Road and the building was demolished.

Wesleyan Methodist Church (Great Britain)
The Wesleyan Methodist Church (also named the Wesleyan Methodist Connexion) was the majority Methodist movement in England following its split from the Church of England after the death of John Wesley and the appearance of parallel Methodist movements.

The word Wesleyan in the title differentiated it from the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists (who were a majority of the Methodists in Wales) and from the Primitive Methodist movement, which separated from the Wesleyans in 1807. The Wesleyan Methodist Church followed John and Charles Wesley in holding to an Arminian theology, in contrast to the Calvinism held by George Whitefield, by Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon (founder of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion), and by Howell Harris and Daniel Rowland, the pioneers of Welsh Methodism. Its Conference was also the legal successor to John Wesley as holder of the property of the original Methodist societies.