hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
T. P. Lahane
Tatyarao Pundlikrao Lahane (born 12 February 1957) is an Indian eye surgeon and ophthalmologist, Medical College. He served as the Dean of Grant Medical College and J. J. Hospital, Mumbai, and set a world record with more than 162,000 cataract surgeries. He was awarded Padma Shri award in 2008, the 4th highest civilian award in India.

Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals
The Grant Government Medical College is a public medical college located in Mumbai, India. It is affiliated to the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences. Founded in 1845, it is one of the oldest medical colleges in South Asia. Its clinical affiliate is Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, a conglomerate of four hospitals in South Mumbai including Sir J.J. Hospital, St George Hospital, Gokuldas Tejpal Hospital and Cama and Albless Hospital.
South (Play of the Week)
"South" is a 1959 British made-for-television play written by Gerald Savory and directed by Mario Prizek. It stars Peter Wyngarde, Graydon Gould and Helena Hughes. It first aired on Play of the Week on 24 November 1959. The production was adapted from Sud, a 1953 play written by Julien Green. The British Film Institute has described 'South' as the "earliest known gay TV drama" in the United Kingdom.

Television play
A television play is a television programming genre which is a drama performance broadcast from a multi-camera television studio, usually live in the early days of television but later recorded to tape. This is in contrast to a television movie, which employs the single-camera setup of film production.
Tactile hallucination
Tactile hallucination is the false perception of tactile sensory input that creates a hallucinatory sensation of physical contact with an imaginary object. It is caused by the faulty integration of the tactile sensory neural signals generated in the spinal cord and the thalamus and sent to the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) and secondary somatosensory cortex (SII). Tactile hallucinations are recurrent symptoms of neurological diseases such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, Ekbom's syndrome and delirium tremens. Patients who experience phantom limb pains also experience a type of tactile hallucination. Tactile hallucinations are also caused by drugs such as cocaine and alcohol.

Phantom limb
A phantom limb is the sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached. It is a chronic condition that is often resistant to treatment.  Approximately 80–100% of individuals with an amputation experience sensations in their amputated limb. However, only a small percentage will experience painful phantom limb sensations (phantom pain). These sensations are relatively common in amputees and usually resolve within two to three years without treatment. Research continues to explore the underlying mechanisms of phantom limb pain (PLP) and effective treatment options.
Altamahaw, North Carolina
Altamahaw is a census-designated place (CDP) in Alamance County, North Carolina, United States. It is part of the Burlington, North Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 347. The community was listed as Altamahaw-Ossipee at the 2000 census, at which time the population was 996. The town of Ossipee incorporated in 2002 and currently has a population of 543. The remainder of the territory was reassigned as the Altamahaw CDP.

Burlington, North Carolina
Burlington is a city in Alamance and Guilford counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is the principal city of the Burlington, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Alamance County, in which most of the city is located, and is a part of the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area. The population was 57,303 at the 2020 census, which makes Burlington the 18th-most populous city in North Carolina.
Little Grand Rapids
Little Grand Rapids is a community in east central Manitoba, Canada, near the Ontario border. It is located approximately 280 kilometers or 173 miles north-northeast from Winnipeg, Manitoba.

It is a fly-in community, with only a winter road.  Planes fly into Little Grand Rapids Airport.  It features a Royal Canadian Mounted Police detachment and a Northern Store.

It is at the mouth of the Berens River on Family Lake, which is part of the Lake Winnipeg watershed.

Lake Winnipeg
Lake Winnipeg (French: Lac Winnipeg) is a 24,514-square-kilometre (9,465-square-mile) lake in North America, in the Canadian province of Manitoba. Its southern end is about 55 kilometres (34 miles) north of the namesake city, Winnipeg. It is the 12th largest lake on Earth, Canada's sixth-largest freshwater lake, and the third-largest freshwater lake contained entirely within Canada. It is relatively shallow, with a mean depth of 12 metres [39 feet]. Its deepest section is a narrow 36-metre (118-foot) deep channel between the northern and southern basins.

The lake's east side has pristine boreal forests and rivers that were inscribed in 2018 as Pimachiowin Aki, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The lake is 416 km (258 mi) from north to south, with remote sandy beaches, large limestone cliffs, and many bat caves in some areas. Manitoba Hydro uses the lake as one of the largest reservoirs in the world. There are many islands, most of them undeveloped.
Percy, Manche
Percy (French pronunciation: [pɛʁsi]) is a village and former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Percy-en-Normandie.

Communes of the Manche department
The following is a list of the 445 communes of the Manche department of France.

The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Communauté d'agglomération du Cotentin

Communauté d'agglomération Mont-Saint-Michel-Normandie

Communauté d'agglomération Saint-Lô Agglo

Communauté de communes de la Baie du Cotentin

Communauté de communes Côte Ouest Centre Manche

Communauté de communes Coutances Mer et Bocage

Communauté de communes de Granville, Terre et Mer

Communauté de communes de Villedieu Intercom
Coutts Crawford
James Coutts Crawford (19 January 1817 – 8 April 1889), known as Coutts Crawford, was a naval officer, farmer, scientist, explorer and public servant in New Zealand.

He was born in Strathaven, South Lanarkshire, Scotland in 1817 and came to New Zealand in 1839. He settled in Wellington, owning the Miramar Peninsula and parts of Rongotai and Kilbirnie, which he named after the town in Scotland. Crawford was active in local affairs. He served on the New Zealand Legislative Council from 1859 to 1867. He died in London in 1889.

Mount Crawford (South Australia) and several locations in Wellington are named after him.

Kilbirnie
Kilbirnie (Scottish Gaelic: Cill Bhraonaigh) is a small town of 7,280 (as of 2001) inhabitants situated in the Garnock Valley area of North Ayrshire, on the west coast of Scotland. It is around 20 miles (30 km) southwest of Glasgow and approximately 10 miles (16 kilometres) from Paisley and 13 miles (21 kilometres) from Irvine respectively. Historically, the town's main industries were flax production and weaving before iron and steelmaking took over in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The suburb of Kilbirnie in the New Zealand capital of Wellington is named after the town.
Mike Jones (wide receiver, born 1992)
Mike Jones (born November 2, 1992) is a Canadian former professional football wide receiver who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Edmonton Elks, and Montreal Alouettes. He played college football with the Southern Jaguars from 2012 to 2015.

Southern Jaguars football
The Southern Jaguars are the college football team representing Southern University. The Jaguars play in NCAA Division I Football Championship as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). The Jaguars started collegiate football in 1916, and played in the Gulf Coast Athletic Conference before joining the SWAC in 1934.

Every late November they play their last regular season game against in-state rival Grambling in the Bayou Classic in New Orleans, Louisiana. Another notable football rivalry, dubbed the "BoomBox Classic", is played against Jackson State yearly.
Invasion of Surinam (1667)
The Invasion of Surinam was a Dutch attempt to capture the English held colony of Surinam in February 1667. The Dutch under the command of Abraham Crijnssen captured the colony without much resistance.

Abraham Crijnssen
Abraham Crijnssen (died 1 February 1669) was a Dutch naval commander, notable for capturing the English colony in Suriname in 1667 during the Second Anglo-Dutch War, resulting in the establishment of a long-term colony under Dutch control. The minesweeper HNLMS Abraham Crijnssen and the frigate HNLMS Abraham Crijnssen have been named after him.
Outline of Ubuntu
Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux distribution for personal computers, tablets and smartphones, where the Ubuntu Touch edition is used; and also runs network servers, usually with the Ubuntu Server edition, either on physical or virtual servers (such as on mainframes) or with containers, that is with enterprise-class features.

Ubuntu runs on the most popular architectures, including server-class ARM-based. Ubuntu is developed by Canonical Ltd., who offer commercial support.

Canonical (company)
Canonical Ltd. is a privately held company supporting computer software, based in London, England. It was founded and funded by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth to market commercial support and related services for the operating system Ubuntu, and related projects. Canonical employs staff in more than 70 countries and maintains offices in London, Austin, Boston, Shanghai, Beijing, Taipei, Tokyo and the Isle of Man.
Droving
Droving is the practice of walking livestock over long distances. It is a type of herding, often associated with cattle, in which case it is a cattle drive (particularly in the US). Droving stock to market—usually on foot and often with the aid of dogs—has a very long history. An owner might entrust an agent to deliver stock to market and bring back the proceeds. There has been droving since people in cities found it necessary to source food from distant supplies.

Herding dog
A herding dog, also known as a stock dog or working dog, is a type of dog that either has been trained in herding livestock or belongs to one of the breeds that were developed for herding. A dog specifically trained to herd sheep is known as a sheep dog or shepherd dog, and one trained to herd cattle is known as a cattle dog or cow dog.
Colocolo (tribal chief)
Colocolo (from Mapudungun "colocolo", mountain cat) was a Mapuche leader ("cacique lonco") in the early period of the Arauco War. He was a major figure in Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga's epic poem La Araucana, about the early Arauco War. In the poem he was the one that proposed the contest between the rival candidates for Toqui that resulted in the choice of Caupolicán. As a historical figure there are some few contemporary details about him. Stories of his life were written long after his lifetime and display many points of dubious historical accuracy.

Alonso de Ercilla
Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga (7 August 1533 – 29 November 1594) was a Spanish soldier and poet, born in Madrid. While in Chile (1556–63) he fought against the Araucanians (Mapuche), and there he began the epic poem La Araucana, considered one of the greatest epics of the Spanish Golden Age. This heroic work in 37 cantos is divided into three parts, published in 1569, 1578, and 1589. It celebrates both the violence of the conquistadors and the courage of the Araucanians.
2025 China Youth Football League
The 2025 China Youth Football League (CYFL) (Chinese: 中国青少年足球联赛) is the fourth edition of the premier youth football competition in China. Organized by the Chinese Football Association (CFA), the Ministry of Education, and the State General Administration of Sport, it represents China's most comprehensive youth football tournament featuring participants from schools, professional club academies, sports schools, and social institutions.

Chinese Football Association
The Chinese Football Association (Chinese: 中国足球协会; pinyin: Zhōngguó Zúqiú Xiéhuì), abbreviated as CFA (Chinese: 中国足协; pinyin: Zhōngguó Zúxié), is the governing body for association football, beach soccer and futsal in the People's Republic of China (Mainland China). The CFA organizes the men's and women's national teams and administers the country's professional leagues as well as organizing the national knockout cup competition Chinese FA Cup. As members of East Asian Football Federation its national teams are eligible for the East Asian Football Championship and the country's membership in AFC allows teams to participate in that organizations club and national team competitions. China is also a member of FIFA and is therefore eligible to play in the World Cup.
Carbonyl diazide
Carbonyl diazide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CO(N3)2. In terms of its structure, it can be described as two azide groups −N3 covalently attached to the carbonyl group −C(=O)− by single bonds. It can be prepared by way of the reaction between triphosgene and tetra-n-butylammonium azide, in a dimethyl ether or diethyl ether solution.

The first synthesis of carbonyl diazide was reported in 1894, although there have been multiple alternative syntheses since then.

Like all azides, it is a explosive compound that readily detonated, therefore care is needed when handling this chemical.

Azide
In chemistry, azide (/ˈeɪzaɪd/, AY-zyd) is a linear, polyatomic anion with the formula N−3 and structure −N=N+=N−. It is the conjugate base of hydrazoic acid HN3. Organic azides are organic compounds with the formula RN3, containing the azide functional group. The dominant application of azides is as a propellant in air bags.
Max M. Frocht
Max Mark Frocht (3 June 1894 – July 1974) was a Polish-American engineer and educator. He was a professor at the Illinois Institute of Technology and founder of the Laboratory for Experimental Stress Analysis.

Illinois Institute of Technology
The Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech or IIT) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Tracing its history to 1890, the present name was adopted upon the merger of the Armour Institute and Lewis Institute in 1940. The university has programs in architecture, business, communications, design, engineering, industrial technology, information technology, law, psychology, and science. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

The university's historic roots are in several 19th-century engineering and professional education institutions in the United States. In the mid 20th century, it became closely associated with trends in modernist architecture through the work of its Dean of Architecture Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who designed its campus. The Institute of Design, Chicago-Kent College of Law, and Midwest College of Engineering were also merged into Illinois Tech.
Matthew Edgar
Matthew Edgar (born 28 August 1986) is an English darts player who competes in World Darts Federation (WDF) and Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. Nicknamed "Prime Time", Edgar has won 2 WDF ranking titles and has won two titles on the PDC Challenge Tour. A former PDC Tour Card holder, he has played in ten UK Opens, and four World Championships (three PDC and one WDF).

PDC Pro Tour
The PDC Pro Tour is a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Since 2019, the Pro Tour has comprised Players Championships and European Tour events; UK Open Qualifiers were previously a part of the tour until they were discontinued. Pro Tour events mainly consist of professional darts players who hold a PDC Tour Card, with the exception of amateur call-ups and European Tour regional qualifiers. Prize money won in these events counts towards players' ranking on the PDC Order of Merit, the main world ranking system used by the PDC. It also counts towards the PDC Pro Tour Order of Merit and separate European Tour and Players Championship rankings.
Cevo
Cevo (Camunian: Séf) is an Italian comune in Val Camonica, province of Brescia, Lombardy, northern Italy.

Neighbouring communes are Saviore dell'Adamello and Berzo Demo. It is located near Valle Camonica near the slopes of Adamello.

Val Camonica
Val Camonica or Valcamonica (Eastern Lombard: Al Camònega), also Valle Camonica and anglicized as Camonica Valley, is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, Italy. It extends about 90 kilometres (56 mi) from the Tonale Pass to Corna Trentapassi, in the commune of Pisogne near Lake Iseo. It has an area of about 1,335 km2 (515 mi2) and 118,323 inhabitants. The River Oglio runs through it, rising at Ponte di Legno and flowing into Lake Iseo between Pisogne and Costa Volpino.

Almost all of the valley is included in the administrative territory of the province of Brescia, except for Lovere, Rogno, Costa Volpino and the Val di Scalve, which belong to the province of Bergamo. Since 1979, the rock drawings along the valley have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site, while the entire valley became a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve in 2018.
San Francisco Old Mint commemorative coins
The San Francisco Old Mint commemorative coins were issued by the United States Mint in 2006. The coins commemorate the centennial of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the role of the San Francisco Old Mint in the city's recovery.

Half eagle
The half eagle is a  United States coin that was produced for circulation from 1795 to 1929 and in commemorative and bullion coins since 1983.  Composed almost entirely of gold, its face value of five dollars is half that of the eagle coin.  Production of the half eagle was authorized by the Coinage Act of 1792, and it was the first gold coin minted by the United States.
Paraventricular nucleus
The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a nucleus in the hypothalamus, located next to the third ventricle. PVN neurons project to many different brain regions including the posterior pituitary, the median eminence  as well as the brainstem and spinal cord. Neurons which project to the posterior pituitary secrete oxytocin and vasopressin, whereas neurons that project to the median eminence release corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and other neuropeptides. CRH and TRH are secreted into the hypophyseal portal system, and target effector endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary. The PVN is thought to mediate many diverse functions , including osmoregulation, appetite, wakefulness, stress responses, as well as the regulation of social behavior.

Hypophyseal portal system
The hypophyseal portal system is a system of blood vessels in the microcirculation at the base of the brain, connecting the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary. Its main function is to quickly transport and exchange hormones between the hypothalamus arcuate nucleus and anterior pituitary gland. The capillaries in the portal system are fenestrated (have many small channels with high vascular permeability) which allows a rapid exchange between the hypothalamus and the pituitary. The main hormones transported by the system include gonadotropin-releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing hormone, growth hormone–releasing hormone, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
Kevin McCann (footballer, born 1987)
Kevin James McCann (born 11 September 1987) is a Scottish former footballer who last played for East Kilbride. He is primarily a defender who can also play in a defensive midfield role. He has represented Scotland at under-20 and under-21 levels.

Scotland national under-20 football team
The Scotland national under-20 football team, controlled by the Scottish Football Association, is Scotland's national under 20 football team and is considered to be a feeder team for the Scotland national football team. The team represents Scotland in international Under 20 competitions such as the FIFA U-20 World Cup.
9th Heavy Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
The 9th Heavy Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery, was one of the first British Army units recruited for 'Kitchener's Army' in the First World War. It served on the Western Front from 1915 to 1918, supporting different formations of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). It was overrun and lost its guns at the Chemin des Dames in May 1918 but, re-equipped, it participated in the final Allied Hundred Days Offensive.

Third Battle of the Aisne
The Third Battle of the Aisne (French: 3e Bataille de l'Aisne) was part of the German spring offensive during World War I that focused on capturing the Chemin des Dames Ridge before the American Expeditionary Forces arrived completely in France. It was one of a series of offensives, known as the Kaiserschlacht, launched by the Germans in the spring and summer of 1918.
Staffing
Staffing is the process of finding the right worker with appropriate qualifications or experience and recruiting them to fill a job position or role. Through this process, organizations acquire, deploy, and retain a workforce of sufficient quantity and quality to create positive impacts on the organization's effectiveness. In management, staffing is an operation of recruiting the employees by evaluating their skills and knowledge before offering them specific job roles accordingly.

A staffing model is a data set that measures work activities, how many labor hours are needed, and how employee time is spent.

Recruitment
Recruitment is the overall process of identifying, sourcing, screening, shortlisting, interviewing, and hiring candidates for jobs (either permanent or temporary) within an organization. Recruitment also is the process involved in choosing people for unpaid roles. Managers, human resource generalists, and recruitment specialists may be tasked with carrying out recruitment, but in some cases, public-sector employment, commercial [recruitment agencies], or specialist search consultancies such as Executive search in the case of more senior roles, are used to undertake parts of the process. Internet-based recruitment is now widespread, including the use of artificial intelligence (AI).
Walter Jung (Gauleiter)
Walter Jung (8 August 1895 – unknown) was a German who became an early Nazi Party official and newspaper editor. He was the first (unofficial) Gauleiter in the Saar when it was being administered by France and the United Kingdom under a League of Nations mandate. Tried for defamation in 1929, he was expelled from the Party for distancing himself from antisemitic statements in an attempt to avoid punishment, and for criticism of the Party leadership.

Territory of the Saar Basin
The Territory of the Saar Basin (German: Saarbeckengebiet, Saarterritorium; French: Territoire du bassin de la Sarre) was a region occupied and governed by the United Kingdom and France from 1920 to 1935 under a League of Nations mandate. It had its own flag (adopted on 28 July 1920): a blue, white, and black horizontal tricolour. The blue and white stood for Bavaria, and white and black for Prussia, out of whose lands the Saar Territory was formed. Initially, the occupation was under the auspices of the Treaty of Versailles. Its population in 1933 was 812,000, and its capital was Saarbrücken. The territory closely corresponds with the modern German state of Saarland, but was slightly smaller in area. After a plebiscite was held in 1935, it was returned to Germany.