hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isonicotinic acid
Isonicotinic acid or pyridine-4-carboxylic acid is an organic compound with the formula C5H4N(CO2H). It is a derivative of pyridine with a carboxylic acid substituent at the 4-position. It is an isomer of picolinic acid and nicotinic acid, which have the carboxyl group at the 2- and 3-position respectively compared to the 4-position for isonicotinic acid.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Attorney General v Davy
Attorney General v Davy (1741) 26 ER 531 is a UK company law case, which establishes this small but essential point of law: the default rule is that a majority of a corporate body can determine what it does.

Equivalent rules in contemporary company law are s 168 Companies Act 2006, which allows shareholders to remove directors through a simple majority, Foss v Harbottle which presupposed that a majority of shareholders can always take action to litigate, and the rule in Automatic Self-Cleansing Filter Syndicate Co Ltd v Cuninghame, which raises the requirement to 75% of the shareholders if they are to give instructions to the board.

Foss v Harbottle
Foss v Harbottle (1843) 2 Hare 461, 67 ER 189 is a leading English precedent in corporate law. In any action in which a wrong is alleged to have been done to a company, the proper claimant is the company itself. This is known as "the proper plaintiff rule", and the several important exceptions that have been developed are often described as "exceptions to the rule in Foss v Harbottle". Among these is the "derivative action", which allows a minority shareholder to bring a claim on behalf of the company. This applies in situations of "wrongdoer control" and is, in reality, the only true exception to the rule. The rule in Foss v Harbottle is best seen as the starting point for minority shareholder remedies.

The rule has now largely been partly codified and displaced in the United Kingdom by the Companies Act 2006 sections 260–263, setting out a statutory derivative claim.
Antoine Odier
Antoine Odier (15 May 1766 – 19 August 1853) was a French banker and politician. He was born in the Republic of Geneva but moved to France and was naturalized during the French Revolution (1789–99). He was involved in the Indian cotton trade before founding a banking house in Paris during the Bourbon Restoration. He was politically liberal, supported the July Revolution of 1830 and opposed the seizure of power by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte in 1851. He favoured protectionist economic policies, and led a lobby group to oppose lowering of tariffs.

July Revolution
The July Revolution (French: Révolution de Juillet), also known as the French Revolution of 1830, Second French Revolution, or les Trois Glorieuses ("the Three Glorious [Days]"), was a second French Revolution after the first of 1789–99. It led to the overthrow of King Charles X, the French Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans.

The 1830 Revolution marked a shift from that point on as the constitutional monarchy was restored with the July Monarchy; the transition of power from the House of Bourbon to its cadet branch, the House of Orléans; and the replacement of the principle of hereditary right by that of popular sovereignty. Supporters of the Bourbons would be called Legitimists, and supporters of Louis Philippe were known as Orléanists. In addition, there continued to be Bonapartists supporting the return of Napoleon's heirs. After 18 precarious years on the throne, Louis-Philippe was overthrown in the French Revolution of 1848.
Jaanisaar
Jaanisaar is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language historical drama film, directed by Muzaffar Ali, and written by Javed Siddiqui, Shama Zaidi and Muzaffar Ali. Jaanisaar is the love story of a revolutionary tawaif of Awadh, India, and a prince brought up in England, set 20 years after the first war of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The film stars Imran Abbas and Pernia Qureshi, the latter making her debut with the film. The film was released on 7 August 2015.

Umrao Jaan (1981 film)
Umrao Jaan is a 1981 Indian period musical drama film directed by Muzaffar Ali and starring Rekha as the title character. Based on Mirza Hadi Ruswa's 1899 Urdu novel Umrao Jaan Ada, the film tells the story of a Lucknow tawaif and poet, and her rise to fame.

Umrao Jaan won many accolades. At 29th National Film Awards, it won 4 awards, including Best Actress (Rekha). It was also nominated for 3 Filmfare Awards, winning Best Director (Ali) and Best Music Director (Khayyam).
Piskon
Piskon (Tajik: Пискон, Russian: Паскан Paskan, Yaghnobi: Пискон, پسکان) is a village in Sughd Region, northwestern Tajikistan. It is part of the jamoat Anzob in the Ayni District. Its population was 79 people as of 2017, up from 68 in 2007.

The village is connected by a gravel road and like most Yaghnobi villages consists of a cluster of dwelling constructed with dry stone walls and flat roofs. There is some terracing in the village itself and the topography is very steep.

Ayni District
Ayni District, also Aini District (Russian: Айнинский район; Tajik: Ноҳияи Айнӣ, Nohiyayi Aynī), is a district in the southern part of Sughd Region, Tajikistan, straddling the middle course of the river Zeravshan. Its capital is the town of Ayni (Tajik: Айнӣ), located on the Zeravshan. The population of the district is 83,600 (January 2020 estimate). It was named after the Tajik national poet Sadriddin Ayni (Tajik: Садриддин Айнӣ).
Kirino Kosaka
Kirino Kousaka (Japanese: 高坂 桐乃, Hepburn: Kōsaka Kirino) is a fictional character and the main female protagonist of the light novel, anime, and manga series Oreimo, written by Tsukasa Fushimi and illustrated by Hiro Kanzaki. In the series, Kirino is a model student with excellent grades, competent athletic skill and great popularity. On the other hand, she's secretly an otaku with a fetish for "little sister"-themed eroge she has been collecting in secret. With the help of her older brother Kyousuke, who becomes her confidant, Kirino tries to reconcile her personal life with her secret hobby.

In the anime adaptation of Oreimo, Kirino is voiced by Ayana Taketatsu. Although Kirino has become an extremely popular and somewhat of a breakout character in anime and manga fandom, she still received mixed critical responses from both fans and reviewers due to the character's "hostile behavior" in the anime.

Anime and manga fandom
The anime and manga fandom is a worldwide community of fans of anime and manga. Anime includes animated series, films and videos, while manga includes manga, graphic novels, drawings, and related artworks. The anime and manga fandom traces back to the 1970s and has an international reach.
The Wild Years
The Wild Years (Spanish: Los años salvajes) is a 2024 Chilean comedy-drama film co-written and directed by Andrés Nazarala. Starring Daniel Antivilo accompanied by José Soza, Nathalia Galgani, Daniel Muñoz and Alejandro Goic.

José Soza
José Miguel Soza Hernández (born June 26, 1946, in Teno) is a Chilean award-winning theater, film and television actor. He has also worked as a theater director, dubbing actor and broadcaster. He belonged to the cast of the golden age of the television series by director Vicente Sabatini between 1995 and 2005.
Ataklti Haile Selassie
Ataklti Haile Selassie (also Atakilty, Haileselassie, Haileselasie, Hailesellassie) is an Ethiopian who was appointed mayor of Mekelle following the Mekelle offensive of the November 2020 Tigray War. He resigned from the mayorship on 30 March 2021.

Mekelle offensive
The Mekelle offensive was a military campaign fought at the start of the Tigray War between the national armed forces of Ethiopia and the Tigray Region. The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) launched an offensive aimed at seizing the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front (TPLF) controlled regional capital of Mekelle starting on 17 November 2020.

Fierce fighting occurred in the Wajirat district of Tigray between the ENDF and newly formed Tigray Defense Forces (TDF) as the military pushed towards the regional capital. The Ethiopian Air Force was heavily employed during the offensive, the use of drone strikes in particular, and after several weeks the TDF was routed into the mountains.

Mekelle itself came under air attack, and the city fell to the Ethiopian army on 28 November 2020, marking the end of the offensive. Despite their initial defeat, TDF fighters began organizing an insurgency soon after.
Latimer diagram
A Latimer diagram of a chemical element is a summary of the standard electrode potential data of that element. This type of diagram is named after Wendell Mitchell Latimer (1893–1955), an American chemist.

Standard electrode potential
In electrochemistry, standard electrode potential , or , is the electrode potential (a measure of the reducing power of any element or compound) which the IUPAC "Gold Book" defines as "the value of the standard emf (electromotive force) of a cell in which molecular hydrogen under standard pressure is oxidized to solvated protons at the left-hand electrode".
Cuyahoga Falls High School
Cuyahoga Falls High School (CFHS) is a public high school in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, United States. It is the only high school in the Cuyahoga Falls City School District. As of the 2023–24 school year it has an enrollment of 1,247 students in grades 9–12. The school's athletic teams are known as the Black Tigers and compete in the Suburban League.

The high school is also part of the Six District Educational Compact, a joint program of six area school districts (Cuyahoga Falls, Hudson, Kent, Stow-Munroe Falls, Tallmadge and Woodridge) to share access to each of their vocational training facilities and career resources.

Tallmadge High School
Tallmadge High School is a public high school in Tallmadge, Ohio, United States.  It is the only high school in the Tallmadge City School District.  THS was established in 1879 and the current facility opened in 2008.  The school colors are blue and gold and the athletic teams are known as the Blue Devils.  Tallmadge is one of seven schools that compete athletically in the American Division of the Suburban League.

The high school is part of the Six District Educational Compact, a joint program of six area school districts (Cuyahoga Falls, Hudson, Kent, Stow-Munroe Falls, Tallmadge, and Woodridge) to share access to each of their vocational training facilities and career resources.
Merel-class patrol ship
The Merel class was a class of three patrol boats built by the Marine Etablissement in Surabaya for service with the Government Navy. The class consisted of HNLMS Merel, HNLMS Reiger and HNLMS Fazant and would soon after entering service be rebuilt into seaplane tenders.

Government Navy
The Government Navy (Dutch: Gouvernements Marine or Gouvernementsmarine, GM) was a Dutch naval force in the former Dutch East Indies and Dutch New Guinea between 1861 and 1962. It succeeded the Civil Colonial Navy (Burgerlijke Koloniale Marine) of 1815 and existed alongside the Indies Military Navy (Indische Militaire Marine) until 1930, when the latter was disbanded and the Government Navy was militarized between 1939 and 1941.

After the Pacific War and the Indonesian National Revolution that followed, the GM existed until the handover of Dutch New Guinea to the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority at the conclusion of the West New Guinea dispute between the Netherlands and Indonesia. Operating in a civil-administrative role alongside the Royal Netherlands Navy, the Government Navy had been primarily concerned with tasks such as policing and transport.
George Foster Platt
George Foster Platt (July 27, 1866 – November 16, 1928) was an American stage actor as well as a director of stage and filmed shows. He was part of Thanhouser's short-lived Jacksonville, Florida, production unit.

Platt was born in Petersburg, Virginia. In April 1892, Platt married actress Beatrice Tait in Philadelphia.

He started his career working as an assistant to Winthrop Ames at the Little Theatre. He directed the Modern Players troupe at the Pabst Theater in Milwaukee in 1917 drawing a positive review from Sheldon Cheney.

Woman's Politics, a comedy in three acts, was copyrighted in his name in 1899. He directed a version of  The Affairs of Anatol in 1912.

He worked for Thanhouser. He survived the auto crash that killed Clinton H. Stagg May 5, 1916.

He directed the 1918 Broadway musical comedy The Squab Farm about the film industry featuring three film directors in the cast.

A collection of his papers is part of the Shubert archives in New York.

Thanhouser Company
The Thanhouser Company (later the Thanhouser Film Corporation) was one of the first motion picture studios, founded in 1909 by Edwin Thanhouser, his wife Gertrude and his brother-in-law Lloyd Lonergan. It operated in New York City until 1920, producing over a thousand films.
Strictly Business (professional wrestling)
Strictly Business were a villainous professional wrestling stable in the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), last consisting of Chris Adonis, Thom Latimer and Kamille.

The group was formed and led by then-NWA World Heavyweight Champion Nick Aldis on the tenth episode of Powerrr on December 17, 2019, and was quickly established as NWA's top villainous faction with the addition of The Wild Cards (Royce Isaacs and Thom Latimer) and Kamille. The faction gained further credibility with the addition of major names such as Scott Steiner and Chris Adonis. The group dominated NWA until 2021 when Aldis lost his title after a three-year long reign. Shortly after the title loss, Aldis was kicked out of the group due to fending off their attack against Tim Storm, reducing the group to Adonis, Latimer and Kamille.

NWA Powerrr
NWA Powerrr is a professional wrestling streaming television program produced by the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) that premiered on October 8, 2019. As of July 29, 2025, the series streams on The Roku Channel in the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

Powerrr features wrestlers performing in matches and getting interviewed. These elements together create and further the storylines of the NWA while building towards the promotion's events.
Premio Lo Nuestro 2015
The 27th Lo Nuestro Awards ceremony, presented by the American network Univision, honoring the best Latin music of 2014 in the United States, took place on February 19, 2015, at the American Airlines Arena in Miami, Florida beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST (8:00 p.m. EST). During the ceremony, Lo Nuestro Awards were presented in 31 categories. The ceremony was televised in the United States by Univision.

American singer-songwriter Romeo Santos and Spanish artist Enrique Iglesias earned six awards each, including Artist of the Year for Santos and Pop Song of the Year for Iglesias; American norteño singer Gerardo Ortíz and reggaeton performer J Balvin earned three awards. Guatemalan singer-songwriter Ricardo Arjona received the Excellence Award and Italian singer Laura Pausini was recognized for her musical career.

Romeo Santos
Anthony "Romeo" Santos (born July 21, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He first rose to prominence as the lead vocalist and frontman of the bachata group Aventura, one of the most influential Latin music bands of the 2000s. Santos later established a successful solo career, achieving seven number-one songs on Billboard's Hot Latin Songs chart and eighteen number-one hits on the Tropical Airplay chart. He has sold over 24 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists of all time.
Huanren frog
The Huanren frog (Rana huanrensis) is a species of true frog found in East Asia. It was originally believed to be endemic to Huanren County, Liaoning, China, but was later also found in South Korea; it is presumed to be present in North Korea, as well. It is closely related to the Dybowski's frog, Rana dybowskii, and specimens collected before 1991 were incorrectly identified as that species. Distinguishing factors include the absence of a vocal sac.

The Huanren frog is found in and around rivers and streams in hilly terrain.  The type locality in Huanren is 520 m (1,710 ft) above sea level, and specimens from Korea have also only been found at altitudes over 500 m (1,600 ft). Specimens from South Korea have been collected in the provinces of Gangwon-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and eastern Gyeonggi-do. Egg clutches, which are small and clustered, are deposited on submerged rocks in the streams which this species favors.

Dybowski's frog
Dybowski's frog (Rana dybowskii) is a species of true frog found in Northeast Asia. It is found in the Russian Far East, the Korean Peninsula, and the Japanese island of Tsushima. It may also exist in northeastern China, but this has not been confirmed.

The Dybowski's frog is fairly tolerant of human disturbance; however, it has been threatened across portions of its range due to heavy collection for use in traditional Chinese medicine. It breeds in slow-moving and stagnant water, and when not breeding, is most commonly found in woodlands. The species covers a wide range of altitudes, from sea level to 900 m, and possibly higher.

Adult Dybowski's frogs have a body length of 4.5–7.5 cm (1.8–3.0 in). The head and body are relatively broad; the skin is generally smooth, but with some small protuberances along the back. The male has a pair of vocal sacs which are used during the mating season. The back is largely tan to dark brown, and the belly is white.
Ciao (The White Lotus)
"Ciao" is the first episode of the second season of the American black comedy drama anthology television series The White Lotus. The episode was written and directed by series creator Mike White. It originally aired on HBO on October 30, 2022.

The series follows the guests and employees of the fictional White Lotus resort chain. The season is set on Taormina, Sicily, and follows the new guests, which include Ethan and his wife Harper; Cameron and his wife Daphne; Bert, his son Dominic, and grandson Albie; and Tanya and her husband Greg. The season explores the characters' conflicts, along with the short-tempered manager Valentina.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 0.460 million household viewers and gained a 0.06 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received very positive reviews from critics, who praised the new characters, setting, cinematography and humor.

Mike White (filmmaker)
Michael Christopher White (born June 28, 1970) is an American filmmaker and actor. He created, writes, and directs the ongoing HBO satirical comedy anthology series The White Lotus, for which he has won three Primetime Emmy Awards.

White also won an Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award for the 2000 film Chuck & Buck, which he wrote and starred in. He has written the screenplays for films such as School of Rock (2003) and has directed several films that he has written, such as Brad's Status (2017). White was a co-creator, executive producer, writer, director and actor on the HBO series Enlightened. He is also known for his appearances on reality television, competing on two seasons of The Amazing Race and later becoming a contestant and runner-up on Survivor: David vs. Goliath.
Tino Scicluna
Tino Scicluna is an American soccer player currently playing with Waza Flo in the Major Arena Soccer League. He played in the USISL Pro League, National Professional Soccer League, USL Premier Development League, and the Canadian Professional Soccer League.

USL Second Division
The USL Second Division (commonly referred to as USL-2) was a professional men's soccer league in the United States, operated by United Soccer Leagues (USL). It was at the third tier of soccer in the United States, behind Major League Soccer (top tier) and the USL First Division (second tier), and one step up from the USL Premier Development League and other leagues in the fourth tier.
Johan Momsen
Johannes Momsen (born 21 August 1995) is a South African rugby union player for Houston SaberCats of Major League Rugby (MLR).

He previously played for Griquas in the Currie Cup and the Rugby Challenge. His regular position is lock.

Momsen made his Currie Cup debut for Griquas in July 2019, coming on as a replacement lock in their opening match of the 2019 season against the Sharks.

In 2021, Momsen was named the 2021 MLR Forward of the Year.

In 2023, Momsen was traded to the Houston SaberCats in exchange for salary cap considerations.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Tyrmeidae
Tyrmeidae or Tyrmeidai (Ancient Greek: Τυρμεῖδαι) was a deme of ancient Attica of the phyle Oineis, sending one or two delegates to the Boule. It did not send representatives to the Boule in 360/359 BCE and in 335/334 BCE; it may have had a common representative with Epicephisia or Hippotomadae.

Its site is unlocated.

Epicephisia
Epicephisia or Epikephisia (Ancient Greek: Ἐπικηφισία) was a deme of ancient Attica in the phyle of Oeneis.

The deme was small and unimportant, providing only one or two Bouleutai to the Athenian Boule. However it housed a branch of the Salaminae family, originating from Salamis. This aristocratic clan was based on a sacred alliance and presided over some of the oldest cults of Athens, such as those of Athena, Aglaurus, and Pandrosus.

Another noble family of Epicephisia were the Aphidantidae, who claimed to descend from Apheidas, king of Athens and great-grandson of Theseus.

Epicephisia also had its own dikasterion, a court of justice, and its own legal officers.

The site of Epicephisia is located in the Kephisos valley, west of modern Athens.
2000 Paris Sevens
The 2000 Paris Sevens was an international rugby sevens tournament that was part of the World Sevens Series in the inaugural 1999–2000 season. It was the France Sevens leg of the series, held on 27–28 May 2000, at Stade Sébastien Charléty in Paris.

Ahead of the tournament, which was the tenth and final event of the series, Fiji lead the standings by six points over New Zealand. However, following Fiji's 35–21 defeat by Argentina in the Cup quarterfinals, New Zealand became the inaugural World Sevens Series champions as they defeated South Africa 69–10 in the Cup final.

Fiji national rugby sevens team
The Fiji national rugby sevens team has competed in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Olympics. Fiji won the gold medal in the inaugural rugby sevens at the Summer Olympics in 2016 in Brazil, the country's first Olympic medal in any event, and repeated as Olympic champions in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, defeating New Zealand. Fiji would fall short from winning gold for a third straight time in 2024 after a defeat in the final to hosts France. Overall, Fiji are the only national rugby sevens team in the world to have won the Sevens Treble (the Olympics, Sevens Series, and World Cup), the three major achievements in Sevens. They have won multiple World Rugby Sevens Series and Rugby World Cup Sevens.

Fiji Sevens is watched and enjoyed by fans around the world for its style of play — the "Flying Fijians" play with Fijian flair. Their passing and offloads can be unorthodox for traditional rugby coaching, and more similar to basketball style.