hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carl Bass
Carl Bass is a former president and chief executive officer of Autodesk, Inc., a maker of professional 3D design software and consumer applications, and was a co-founder of Ithaca Software, which commercialized HOOPS, a 3D graphics system. Bass has been credited with expanding Autodesk beyond its core AutoCAD software through acquisitions and new product developments and transitioning from 2D to 3D model-based design.

Carol Bartz
Carol Ann Bartz (born August 28, 1948) is an American business executive, former president and CEO of the internet services company Yahoo!, and former chairman, president, and CEO at architectural and engineering design software company Autodesk.
Climbing injuries
Injuries in rock climbing may occur due to overuse or falls (see Sports injury). However, injuries due to falls are relatively uncommon; the vast majority of injuries result from overuse, most often occurring in the fingers, elbows, and shoulders. Such injuries are often no worse than torn calluses, cuts, burns and bruises. But overuse symptoms, if ignored, may lead to permanent damage (esp. to tendons, tendon sheaths, ligaments, and joint capsules).

Golfer's elbow
Golfer's elbow, or medial epicondylitis, is tendinosis (or more precisely enthesopathy) of the medial common flexor tendon on the inside of the elbow. It is similar to tennis elbow, which affects the outside of the elbow at the lateral epicondyle. The tendinopathy results from overload or repetitive use of the arm, causing an injury similar to ulnar collateral ligament injury of the elbow in "pitcher's elbow".
Uliyakovil
Uliyakovil or Uliyakkovil is a thickly populated neighbourhood of the city of Kollam, India. It is the 11th ward in Kollam Municipal Corporation, Kerala. Uliyakovil is one of the major contributors to the city's seafood exports. There is a publication house also.

Kollam Municipal Corporation
Kollam Municipal Corporation (KMC) is an Urban Local body in Kerala  that governs Kollam It is the fourth-largest city corporation by population in the state, and the third-largest by area. Constituted in 1921 as a municipality, it was officially recognized as a city corporation in 2000. The body governs an area of 73.03 square kilometres (28.20 sq mi) centered at Kollam, with about 56 divisions and a population of 397,419.
17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party
The 17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), formally the Political Bureau of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected at the 1st plenary session of the 17th Central Committee of the CCP on 22 October 2007 in the aftermath of the 17th National Congress. This electoral term was preceded by the 16th Politburo and succeeded by the 18th. Of the 25 members, nine served in the 17th Politburo Standing Committee.

Bo Xilai was expelled from the 17th Politburo and the CCP during this electoral term, while three others (Xu Caihou, Zhou Yongkang, and Guo Boxiong) were expelled from the CCP during the 18th tenure for charges of political corruption during this electoral term.

17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 17th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, formally the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected by the 1st plenary session of the 17th Central Committee in 2007, in the aftermath of the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It was preceded by the CCP's 16th Politburo Standing Committee and was succeeded by the 18th in 2012.
Auraria, Denver
Auraria was a gold mining camp established in 1858 in the Kansas Territory of the United States. Today it survives in its original location as a neighborhood of Denver, Colorado, immediately south of the confluence of Cherry Creek and the South Platte River.

South Platte River
The South Platte River (Sioux: Wašíŋ-Wakpá [waˈʃĩ wakˈpa] lit. “bison tallow river”) is one of the two principal tributaries of the Platte River. Flowing through the U.S. states of Colorado and Nebraska, it is itself a major river of the American Midwest and the American Southwest/Mountain West. Its drainage basin includes much of the eastern flank of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, much of the populated region known as the Colorado Front Range and Eastern Plains, and a portion of southeastern Wyoming in the vicinity of the city of Cheyenne.  It joins the North Platte River in western Nebraska to form the Platte, which then flows across Nebraska to the Missouri.  The river serves as the principal source of water for eastern Colorado. In its valley along the foothills in Colorado, it has permitted agriculture in an area of the Colorado Piedmont and Great Plains that is otherwise arid.
Balquhain
Balquhain is a ruined recumbent stone circle 3 miles (4.8 km) from Inverurie in Scotland, with views to Mither Tap. Over seventy of these circles are found in lowland Aberdeenshire. Balquhain stands in farmland and has a recumbent weighing over 10 tonnes. It has been visited by Richard Bradley, Alexander Thom and Fred Coles. It is a scheduled monument.

Alexander Thom
Alexander Thom (26 March 1894 – 7 November 1985) was a Scottish engineer most famous for his theory of the Megalithic yard, categorisation of stone circles and his studies of Stonehenge and other archaeological sites.
Tonante
Tonante, initially called Ao Rei dos Violões Limitada (To the King of Acoustic Guitars in English), is a Brazilian guitar manufacturing company founded in 1954 by the Portuguese brothers Abel and Samuel Tonante, who artisanelly built musical instruments, thirteen years after their arrival in the country.

Tonante is well known for making highly affordable stringed instruments in Brazil, together with companies such as Giannini, Del Vecchio and Di Giorgio. Tonante's range of products include electric and acoustic guitars, banjos and cavaquinhos.

Cavaquinho
The cavaquinho (pronounced [kɐvɐˈkiɲu] in Portuguese) is a small Portuguese string instrument in the European guitar family, with four wires or gut strings.

A cavaquinho player is called a cavaquista.
A State of Mind (album)
A State of Mind is the first studio album by Swedish boy band E.M.D. The album was released on May 14, 2008, following the success of their first two singles "All for Love" and "Jennie Let Me Love You".

All for Love (song)
"All for Love" is a song written by Bryan Adams, Robert John "Mutt" Lange, and Michael Kamen for the soundtrack The Three Musketeers: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack. It is performed by Adams, Rod Stewart, and Sting. The power ballad was released as a CD single in the United States on November 16, 1993, by A&M and Hollywood Records. It was a worldwide hit, reaching number one across Europe, Australia, and North America.

Adams also did a live version in 1994 featuring Luciano Pavarotti, Andrea Bocelli, Nancy Gustafson, and Giorgia Todrani. Michael Kamen, who co-wrote the song with Adams and Lange, conducted the orchestra. In 2007, the Swedish band E.M.D. released a cover of the song, peaking at number one in their native country. Adams would also record a French-language remake with Garou and Roch Voisine, entitled "Tous ensemble", for the Quebecois film Il était une fois Les Boys.
2007 Sheffield City Council election
Sheffield City Council elections took place on Thursday 3 May 2007 with one third of council seats up for election; one in each ward. Since the previous election, Liberal Democrat Martin Davis (representing Stocksbridge & Upper Don) defected, sitting as an independent. This set of elections saw the Conservatives lose the only seat they had on the council since 1996, and the party did not have any councillors elected to Sheffield City Council until 2021.

The election seen several gains for the Liberal Democrats, returning the council to no overall control. Overall turnout was 36.0%, up slightly from last year's 34.5%.

2006 Sheffield City Council election
Sheffield City Council elections took place on Thursday 4 May 2006 with polling stations open between 7am and 10pm. One third of council seats were up for election; one in each ward, plus one additional seat in Ecclesall due to a resignation. The overall turnout this year was 34.5%, down considerably from the previous year's general election turnout at 43.9 per cent turnout in Sheffield.
Ardaas Karaan (film)
Ardaas Karaan is a 2019 Indian Punjabi-language social drama film directed by Gippy Grewal from a screenplay co-written with Rana Ranbir. It is sequel to Ardaas and the second installment in Ardaas series. Produced by Humble Motion Pictures; it stars Gurpreet Ghuggi, Gippy Grewal, Japji Khaira, Meher Vij, and Yograj Singh. The story of the film explores the generation gap and different conflicting opinion about life.

The principal photography of the film began on 12 January 2019 in Surrey, British Columbia, and it was  theatrically released on 19 July 2019. As of 6 September 2019.

Yograj Singh
Yograj Singh (pronunciationⓘ; born 25 March 1958) is an Indian actor and former cricketer who played one Test and six One Day Internationals for India as a right-arm fast-medium bowler. His debut and only Test was at Wellington against New Zealand, which India lost by 62 runs. Yograj only bowled in the first inning and took one wicket, which remains his only Test wicket. After his cricketer career ended due to injury, he entered the Punjabi and Hindi film industries. His son, Yuvraj Singh, was a member of the Indian cricket team from 2000 to 2017. Yograj hails from the village of Kanech, right next to Doraha, in Punjab's Ludhiana District.

He has worked on Bollywood movies like Teen Thay Bhai, Singh is Bling and Bhaag Milkha Bhaag.
O.R.B: Off-World Resource Base
O.R.B: Off-World Resource Base (or simply O·R·B) is a space strategy game developed and published by Strategy First. Much like Homeworld and its sequel Homeworld 2, units can move in all three spatial dimensions.

Homeworld 2
Homeworld 2 is a 2003 real-time strategy video game sequel to Homeworld, developed by Relic Entertainment and published by Sierra Entertainment. Its story concerns Hiigara's response to a new enemy called the Vaygr. Its gameplay takes a new direction with the enhancement of its graphics and audio. In contrast to the closely equivalent Kushan and Taiidan forces of the original game, Vaygr and Hiigaran spaceships differ significantly in design and application.
Kenneth Ascher
Kenneth Lee Ascher (born October 26, 1944, in Washington, D.C.) is an American jazz pianist, composer, and arranger who is active in jazz, rock, classical, and musical theater genres — in live venues, recording studios, and cinema production. With Paul Williams, he wrote the song "Rainbow Connection" for The Muppet Movie. Both Williams and Ascher received Oscar nominations for the 1979 Academy Awards for Best Original Song ("Rainbow Connection") and Best Original Score (The Muppet Movie Soundtrack). The song was also nominated for the Golden Globes for "Best Original Song" that same year. Ascher and Williams also wrote "You and Me Against the World", a top-10 hit for Helen Reddy in 1974.

Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song
The Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song is a Golden Globe Award that was awarded for the first time in 1962 and has been awarded annually from 1965 to 2023 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. The award is presented to the songwriters of a song written specifically for a motion picture. The performers of the song are not credited, unless they also have a writing or co-writing credit.
Chicken skin
Chicken skin can refer to:

The skin of a chicken

Keratosis pilaris, a condition commonly known as 'chicken skin'

Goose bumps

Chicken Skin, an anthology of ghost stories by Glen Grant

Chicken Skin (film), a 2001 film

Glen Grant (historian)
Glen Grant (February 23, 1947 – June 19, 2003) was a Hawaiian historian, author and folklorist. He was primarily known for his Obake Files, a collection of articles and stories regarding native and imported folktales and mythology in Hawaii. Grant was also the author of the Chicken Skin series of ghost story anthologies, as well as host of the long-running radio show of the same name.
Francisca Josefa de la Concepción
Francisca Josefa de la Concepción OSC Tunja (1671–1742) was a Spanish Neogranadine nun and mystic in the region of New Kingdom of Granada which later became Colombia. The first recorded woman writer of what now is Colombia, her devotional and autobiographical writings were published posthumously.

Her work has been studied by Dario Achury Valenzuela, Constanza Toquica, Ángela Inés Robledo, Antonio Gómez Restrepo, Elisa Mújica, José María Vergara y Vergara, and Daniel Alejandro Montes, among others, who recognize her as one of the most prominent writers of Neogranadine literature.

New Kingdom of Granada
The New Kingdom of Granada (Spanish: Nuevo Reino de Granada), or Kingdom of New Granada, was the name given to a group of colonial-era Spanish ultramarine provinces in northern South America governed by the president of the Real Audiencia of Santa Fe, an area corresponding mainly to modern-day Colombia. The conquistadors originally organized it as a province with a Real Audiencia within the Viceroyalty of Peru and thus having a certain level of independence from it. The audiencia was established by the crown in 1549.

Later, the kingdom would become the Viceroyalty of New Granada, first in 1717, and permanently in 1739. After several attempts to set up independent states in the 1810s, the kingdom and the viceroyalty ceased to exist altogether around 1819 with the establishment of the first Republic of Colombia.
Coterie (album)
Coterie is the debut studio album by Australian/New Zealand band Coterie, released in December 2022. Recorded in Mangawhai together with New Zealand band Six60 and at the band's home studio in Perth, the album was inspired by summer. The album reached number 13 in Australia and number six in New Zealand.

Mangawhai
Mangawhai is a township at the south-west extent of  the Mangawhai Harbour, or Mangawhai Estuary, in Northland, New Zealand. The adjacent township of Mangawhai Heads is 5 km north-east, on the lower part of the harbour. Kaiwaka is 13 km south-west, and Waipu is 20 km north-west of Mangawhai Heads.
Stanislav Bachev
Stanislav Bachev (Bulgarian: Станислав Бачев; born 30 January 1978) is a former Bulgarian footballer who played as a defender.

In his career, he played for Pirin Blagoevgrad, Litex Lovech, with which he won two times the Bulgarian Cup, Marek Dupnitsa, FK Baku, with which he became a champion of Azerbaijan Premier League for 2008–09 season, and Beroe Stara Zagora .

FC Baku
FC Baku (Azerbaijani: "Bakı" Futbol Klubu), founded as Dinamo Baku in 1997, was an Azerbaijani football club based in Baku that had been an amateur club since 2016. Prior to that, Baku played 18 seasons in the Azerbaijan Premier League, winning the championship twice and the National Cup three times. The club ceased operations in 2018.
Battle of Maserfield
52°51′36″N 3°03′14″W﻿ / ﻿52.860°N 3.054°W﻿ / 52.860; -3.054

The Battle of Maserfield, (Welsh: Cad Maes Cogwy) was fought on 5 August 641 or 642 (642 according to Ward) between the Anglo-Saxon kings Oswald of Northumbria and Penda of Mercia allied with Welsh Kingdom of Gwynedd, ending in Oswald's defeat, death, and dismemberment.

The location was also known as Cogwy in Welsh, with Welshmen from Pengwern participating in the battle (according to the probably ninth-century Canu Heledd), probably as allies of the Mercians. Bede reports the commonly accepted date given above; the Welsh Annales Cambriae is generally considered incorrect in giving the year of the battle as 644. The site of the battle is traditionally identified with Oswestry.

Canu Heledd
Canu Heledd (modern Welsh /'kani 'hɛlɛð/, the songs of Heledd) are a collection of early Welsh englyn-poems. They are rare among medieval Welsh poems for being set in the mouth of a female character. One prominent figure in the poems is Heledd's dead brother Cynddylan.
Sip Song Chau Tai
The Sip Song Chau Tai ("Twelve Tai cantons"; Vietnamese: Mười hai châu Thái or Mười hai xứ Thái; Thai: สิบสองจุไท or สิบสองเจ้าไท; Lao: ສິບສອງຈຸໄຕ or ສິບສອງເຈົ້າໄຕ; Chinese: 泰族十二州; Tai Dam: ꪵꪠ꪿ꪙꪒꪲꪙꪼꪕ "Tai Federation") was a confederation of Tai Dam ("Black Tai"), Tai Dón ("White Tai") and Tai Daeng ("Red Tai") chiefdoms in the mountainous north-west of today's Vietnam, dating back at least to the 17th century.

It became an autonomous part of the French protectorate of Tonkin, and thereby of French Indochina, in 1889. In 1948, during the period of the First Indochina War, it was transformed into the Tai Federation (French: Fédération Taï, Vietnamese: Thái liên-đoàn) that was recognized as an autonomous component of the French Union.

In 1950 it was made a crown domain of Vietnamese emperor Bảo Đại without being integrated into the State of Vietnam. It was dissolved after the Geneva Agreements of 1954.

Bảo Đại
Bảo Đại (Vietnamese: [ɓâw ɗâjˀ], chữ Hán: 保大, lit. "keeper of greatness", 22 October 1913 – 31 July 1997), born Nguyễn Phúc (Phước) Vĩnh Thụy (chữ Hán: 阮福永瑞), was the 13th and final emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, the last ruling dynasty of Vietnam. From 1926 to 1945, he was de jure emperor of Annam and Tonkin, which were then protectorates in French Indochina, covering the present-day central and northern Vietnam. Bảo Đại ascended the throne in 1932.

The Japanese ousted the Vichy French administration in March 1945 and ruled through Bảo Đại, who proclaimed the Empire of Vietnam. He abdicated in August 1945 after Japan surrendered.

From 1949 to 1955, Bảo Đại was the chief of state of the anti-communist State of Vietnam. Viewed as a puppet ruler, Bảo Đại was criticized for being too closely associated with France and spending much of his time outside Vietnam. He was eventually ousted in a referendum in 1955 by Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm, who was supported by the United States.
Mazda Kiyora
The Mazda Kiyora was a concept car made by Mazda. It was first introduced at the 2008 Paris Motor Show. It was the planned next generation urban compact car intended to replace the Mazda2, although it never entered production. It was a design study for next-generation compact car and also an engineering study of high fuel efficiency gasoline engine. The design theme of the Mazda Kiyora was water. It was applied to a city, a new trend in the automotive market due to environmental concerns. The Mazda Kiyora achieved 32 km/L of fuel efficiency and 90g/km of CO2 emission.

Mazda2
The Mazda 2 (Japanese: マツダ・ツー, Hepburn: Matsuda Tsū) is a subcompact/supermini (B-segment) car, which has been available as a 4-door sedan and a 5 door hatchback manufactured and marketed by Mazda since 2002, currently in its third generation. An entry-level model of the brand in markets outside Japan, the Mazda2 is positioned below the Mazda3. The Mazda2 has also been marketed as the Mazda Demio (a name it kept in the Japanese market until 2019), while its direct predecessor was exported as the Mazda 121.

The second-generation Mazda2 earned the 2008 World Car of the Year title, while the third-generation model was awarded the 2014–2015 Japanese Car of the Year.

The third-generation model was sold in North America as the Scion iA and Toyota Yaris, Yaris iA and Yaris R.

A separate, gasoline-hybrid version based on the Toyota Yaris Hybrid has been sold in Europe under the same Mazda2 nameplate since 2022 alongside the gasoline-powered third-generation Mazda2.
Black salve
Black salve, also known by the brand name Cansema, is an ineffective and unsafe alternative cancer treatment. The product is commonly classified as an escharotic—a topical paste which destroys skin tissue and leaves behind a scar called an eschar. Escharotics were widely used to treat skin lesions in the early 1900s, but have since been replaced by safer and more effective treatments. Escharotics, such as black salves, are currently advertised by some alternative medicine marketers as treatments for skin cancer, often with unsubstantiated testimonials and unsupported claims of effectiveness.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has listed Cansema as a "fake cancer cure" and warns consumers to avoid it.

Testimonial
In promotion and advertising, a testimonial or show consists of a person's written or spoken statement extolling the virtue of a product. The term "testimonial" most commonly applies to the sales-pitches attributed to ordinary citizens, whereas the word "endorsement" usually applies to pitches by celebrities. Testimonials can be part of communal marketing.
Operation Michoacán
Operation Michoacán (Spanish: Operativo Conjunto Michoacán) was a joint operation by Federal Police and the Mexican military to eliminate drug plantations and to combat drug trafficking. Initiated on December 11, 2006, the operation was supervised by The Secretary of Public Safety, Attorney General of Mexico, Secretary of the Interior, Mexican Navy and Mexican Army.

On some occasions, state and municipal police have participated despite not being part of it. The joint operation has distinguished itself as one of the operations against organized crime, drug trafficking in this case, which has employed the largest number of military and police elements, as well as most state forces.

Mexican Army
The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejército Mexicano), also known as the National Defense Army, is the combined land and air branch of the Mexican Armed Forces. It includes the Mexican Air Force, the Special Forces Body, and the National Guard.

With an active-duty force of 261,773 servicemembers (as of 2024), the Army is the largest component of the Mexican Armed Forces and among the largest armies in the world. It is under the authority of the Secretariat of National Defense (Spanish: Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, SEDENA) and is headed by the Secretary of National Defence, who is directly answerable to the President.

The Mexican Army was the first to adopt (1908) and use (1910) a self-loading rifle, the Mondragón rifle.
California State Route 195
State Route 195 (SR 195) was a state highway in the U.S. state of California, branching westward from SR 111 to SR 86 near the town of Mecca and the Salton Sea. The route formerly extended east to Interstate 10 (I-10) near Joshua Tree National Park as a longer route extending to Blythe and points further east. After the main route was shifted north, the older route remained as an alternate known as Box Canyon Road. The route was designated in the 1964 state highway renumbering, although the Box Canyon Road portion was removed as a state highway in 1972. Following the construction of the SR 86 expressway, SR 195 was curtailed in 2009, and removed entirely in 2014.

1964 state highway renumbering (California)
In 1963 and 1964, the California Division of Highways, at the behest of the California State Legislature, implemented a major renumbering of its state highways.

The majority of sign routes—those marked for the public—kept their numbers. The main changes were to the legislative routes— those same routes which were defined in state law typically with different numbers,— which had their numbers changed to match the sign routes.

Many formerly unsigned routes received sign numbers corresponding to their new legislative numbers. A smaller change was the removal and truncating of many U.S. Routes in favor of the Interstate Highways (designated in 1959), and the renumbering of State Routes that conflicted with Interstate numbers. Some U.S. Routes that were officially removed continued to be signed until the replacement Interstates were completed.

The state law authorizing the renumbering was passed by the Legislature on September 20, 1963. Signage changes took place by July 1, 1964.