hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Paul Hess
George Paul Hess (November 18, 1922 – September 15, 2015) was a research biochemist who specialized in studying acetylcholine receptors. Hess developed laser pulse photolysis and a quench flow technique.

Acetylcholine receptor
An acetylcholine receptor (abbreviated AChR) or a cholinergic receptor is an integral membrane protein that responds to the binding of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter.

Acetylcholine receptors play varying roles in the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and neuromuscular junctions, though most receptors function in a parasympathetic role. They also play a part in the development of the central nervous system, influencing factors such as neuronal growth and the formation of synapses.
USS Rabaul
USS Rabaul was a Commencement Bay-class escort carrier of the United States Navy. The Commencement Bay class were built during World War II, and were an improvement over the earlier Sangamon class, which were converted from oil tankers. They were capable of carrying an air group of 33 planes and were armed with an anti-aircraft battery of  5 in (127 mm), 40 mm (1.6 in), and 20 mm (0.8 in) guns. The ships were capable of a top speed of 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph), and due to their origin as tankers, had extensive fuel storage. She was delivered on 30 August 1946, but never commissioned. After spending 26 years in reserve, she was scrapped in 1973.

Oerlikon 20 mm cannon
The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I.  It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II. Many versions of the cannon are still used.
Qatari clothing
Qatari clothing is similar to other countries in the Arabian Peninsula, typically consisting of a ghutra, agal, and thawb for men, and an abaya and shayla for women. Face veils, usually either a niqāb or gulf burqa, are sometimes worn by women. Depending on the context and setting, men and women will make micro-adjustments to their dress to better suit the situation, such as tilting the agal for men or loosening the abaya for women in informal contexts. Some differences exist between rural (Bedouin) and urban traditional dress, although these variations are mostly minor and superficial.

Battoulah
Battoulah (Arabic: بطوله, romanized: baṭṭūleh; Persian: بتوله), also called Gulf Burqah (Arabic: البرقع الخليجي), is a metallic-looking fashion mask traditionally worn by Khaleeji Arab and Bandari Persian Muslim women in the area around the Persian Gulf.

The mask is mainly worn in Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates as well as some parts of eastern Saudi Arabia and southern Iran. The mask usually indicates that the wearer is married. Historically, it was also used to fool enemies into thinking that the women they spied from a distance were actually men.
Richard Maddison
Air Marshal Richard Clark Maddison, OBE was a senior Royal Air Force officer. He was Air Officer Commanding No. 22 Group RAF from 2020 to 2023, and then served as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff and Air Member for Personnel from May to September 2023.

No. 22 Group RAF
No. 22 Group Royal Air Force (22 Gp) is one of five groups currently active in the Royal Air Force (RAF), falling under the responsibility of Deputy Commander-in-Chief (Personnel) in Air Command. Its previous title up until 2018 was No. 22 (Training) Group.  The group is responsible for RAF training policy and controlling the Royal Air Force College and the RAF's training stations. As such, it is the direct successor to Training Group.  22 Group provides training to all three service branches of the British Armed Forces; namely the Royal Air Force, the Royal Navy, and the British Army.
Gilbert W. Lindsay
Gilbert William Lindsay (November 29, 1900 – December 28, 1990) was an American politician who worked his way up from Los Angeles City Hall janitor to become the city's first black City Council member and one of its most powerful elected officials.

Kenneth Hahn
Kenneth Frederick Hahn (August 19, 1920 – October 12, 1997) was a member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors for forty years, from 1952 to 1992.  Hahn was on the Los Angeles City Council from 1947 to 1952. He was an ardent supporter of civil rights throughout the 1960s, and met Martin Luther King Jr. in 1961.
David Blake (English cricketer)
David Eustace Blake (27 April 1925 — 21 May 2015) was an English amateur first-class cricketer who appeared in 73 matches, scoring nearly 3,000 runs and taking 91 catches and making 30 stumpings as a wicket-keeper. His first-class career saw him score two centuries. Outside of cricket, Blake was a dentist, with his profession often limiting his availability to play first-class cricket.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Ismael Rodríguez
Ismael Rodríguez (October 19, 1917 – August 7, 2004) was a Mexican film director.

Rodríguez rose to fame due to the movies he directed starring Pedro Infante, and directed many major stars, including Dolores del Río, María Félix, Toshiro Mifune, Jorge Negrete, Sara García, Luis Aguilar, Tito Guízar, Gloria Marín, Carmelita González, Antonio Aguilar, Columba Domínguez and Flor Silvestre. He directed the film Ánimas Trujano (1961) for which he was nominated for an Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film.

Rodríguez's most renowned international film is Tizoc, in which Pedro Infante starred alongside María Félix. For this role, Infante won the Silver Bear for Best Actor at the 7th Berlin International Film Festival.

He died on 7 August 2004 at the age of 87.

Pedro Infante
Pedro Infante Cruz (Spanish: [ˈpeðɾo jɱˈfante]; 18 November 1917 – 15 April 1957) was a Mexican ranchera singer and actor whose career spanned the golden age of Mexican cinema.

Infante was born in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, and raised in nearby Guamúchil. He died on 15 April 1957 in Mérida, Yucatán, while en route to Mexico City when his plane crashed due to engine failure.

From 1939 until his death, Infante acted in over 60 films (30 of them with his brother Ángel) and recorded over 350 songs. His 1952 ranchera album Cuando sale la luna was rated No. 56 in a 2024 ranking of the 600 greatest Latin music albums of all time. For his performance in the movie Tizoc he was posthumously awarded the Silver Bear for Best Actor at the 7th Berlin International Film Festival.
Ana Caraiani
Ana Caraiani (born 1984) is a Romanian mathematician, who is a Royal Society University Research Fellow and Professor at Imperial College London. Her research interests include algebraic number theory and the Langlands program.

Langlands program
In mathematics,  the Langlands program is a set of conjectures about connections between number theory, the theory of automorphic forms, and geometry. It was proposed by the Canadian mathematician Robert Langlands (1967, 1970). It seeks to relate the structure of Galois groups in algebraic number theory to automorphic forms and, more generally, the representation theory of algebraic groups over local fields and adeles.
Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission
The Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission, abbreviated as the EACC, is a Kenyan government agency established to combat and prevent corruption in the country. The commission operates through direct law enforcement and preventive measures in addition to the education and promotion of standards and best practices in integrity and ethics in Kenya.

The EACC was established on 29 August 2011 after Kenya's President Mwai Kibaki signed the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Act, replacing the former Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission pursuant to the 2010 Constitution of Kenya.

Constitution of Kenya
The Constitution of Kenya is the supreme law of the Republic of Kenya. There have been three significant versions of Kenya's constitution, with the most recent being the one promulgated in 2010. The constitution was presented to the Attorney General of Kenya on 7 April 2010, officially published on 6 May 2010, and was subjected to a referendum on 4 August 2010. The new Constitution was approved by 67% of Kenyan voters. The constitution was promulgated on 27 August 2010, marking an historic chapter in Kenya's governance.

The 2010 new constitution of Kenya enshrined power to the citizens of Kenya and fundamentally reshaped the country's governance landscape in several ways included the introduction of a devolved system of governance, Checks on Executive Power, Expanded Bill of Rights and Judicial Independence.
Young Woman Engineer of the Year Award
The Young Woman Engineer of the Year Awards are presented at the Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, England. Part of the IET Achievement Medals collection, the award was launched in 1978, and was originally known as the Girl Technician of the Year, until renamed in 1988. The award was first sponsored by the Caroline Haslett Memorial Trust, which was formed in 1945. It is now funded and sponsored by the Institution of Engineering and Technology and  Women's Engineering Society. Awarded to young female engineering apprentices in the UK.

Women's Engineering Society
The Women's Engineering Society is a United Kingdom professional learned society and networking body for women engineers, scientists and technologists. It was the first professional body set up for women working in all areas of engineering, predating the Society of Women Engineers by around 30 years.
Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (July–December 2020)
The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England from July 2020 to December 2020. There are significant differences in the legislation and the reporting between the countries of the UK: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.

Health Protection (Coronavirus, Wearing of Face Coverings in a Relevant Place) (England) Regulations 2020
The Health Protection (Coronavirus, Wearing of Face Coverings in a Relevant Place) (England) Regulations 2020 (SI 2020/791) is a statutory instrument (SI) brought into force on 23 July 2020 by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, Matt Hancock, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Subject to some exceptions, it required members of the public in England to wear a face covering in most indoor shops, shopping centres, banks, post offices and public transport hubs. The regulations were similar to the Health Protection (Coronavirus, Wearing of Face Coverings on Public Transport) (England) Regulations 2020, which were brought into force on 15 June 2020. The regulations were revoked on 18 July 2021, five days before they would otherwise have expired.
Michel Tournier
Michel Tournier (French: [miʃɛl tuʁnje]; 19 December 1924 − 18 January 2016) was a French writer. He won awards such as the Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française in 1967 for Friday, or, The Other Island and the Prix Goncourt for The Erl-King in 1970. 
His inspirations included traditional German culture, Catholicism and the philosophies of Gaston Bachelard. He resided in Choisel and was a member of the Académie Goncourt. His autobiography has been translated and published as The Wind Spirit (Beacon Press, 1988). He was on occasion in contention for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française
The Grand Prix du roman is a French literary award, created in 1914, and given each year by the Académie Française. Along with the Prix Goncourt, the award is one of the oldest and most prestigious literary awards in France. The Académie Française gives out over 60 literary awards each year, and the Grand Prix du roman is the most senior for an individual novel.
Tammy Irons
Tammy Irons (born October 21, 1963) is an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the Alabama State Senate, representing the 1st District from 2006, after a special election, until 2014. The district includes Florence.

Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.
Pronia
The Pronia (Belarusian: Проня, Russian: Проня, also transliterated as Pronya) is a river in Mogilev and Vitebsk regions of Belarus. A right tributary of Sozh River, the Pronia begins near the village of Lanenka, Dubrowna District, Vitebsk Oblast. It flows from north to south, joining the Sozh in the eastern outskirts of the city of Slavgorod.

Vitebsk region
Vitebsk region, also known as Vitebsk oblast or Vitsyebsk voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Vitebsk. It is located in the north of the country, and borders Russia.

As of 2019, it had a population of 1,135,731, the lowest population density in Belarus at 30.6 p/km².

Key cities in the region include Vitebsk, Orsha, Polotsk, and Novopolotsk.
San Michele a Castiglione
The Church of Saints Michael and Peter (Italian: Chiesa dei Santi Michele e Pietro), also known simply as the Church of San Michele, is a 12th-century, Roman Catholic church located in the town of Castiglione di Garfagnana. It is the parish church of Castiglione di Garfagnana, in the Province of Lucca and the Archdiocese of Lucca. It belongs to the Garfagnana pastoral area.

Archdiocese of Lucca
Not to be confused with Archdiocese of Lecce.

The Archdiocese of Lucca (Latin: Archidioecesis Lucensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy. The diocese dates back as a diocese to at least the 4th century; it became an archdiocese in 1726. The seat of the archbishop is in Lucca, in the cathedral of S. Martino. It is not a metropolitan see, has no suffragan dioceses, and is an exempt diocese, that is immediately subject (exempt) to the Holy See (Papacy).
Capital punishment in the Bible
Capital punishment in the Bible refers to instances in the Bible where death is called for as a punishment and also instances where it is proscribed or prohibited. A case against capital punishment in Christianity, specifically, may be made from John 8, where Jesus speaks words that can be construed as condemning the practice. In that chapter, Jesus disallows the stoning of a woman who has committed adultery, which is the traditional punishment as given in the Torah. There are many other Bible verses that condone or even command capital punishment, and there are examples of it being carried out. Sins that were traditionally punishable by death include homicide, striking one's parents, kidnapping, cursing one's parents, witchcraft and divination, bestiality, worshiping other gods, violating the Sabbath, child sacrifice, adultery, incest, and male homosexual intercourse (there is no biblical legal punishment for lesbians mentioned).

Sabbath desecration
Sabbath desecration is the failure to observe the Biblical Sabbath and is usually considered a sin in relation to either the Jewish Shabbat (Friday sunset to Saturday nightfall), the Sabbath in seventh-day churches, or to the Lord's Day (Sunday), which is recognized as the Christian Sabbath in first-day Sabbatarian denominations.
Circassians (historical ethnonym)
Circassians is a broad ethnonym of the Turkic origin, which in Russia, Turkey and Persia used to be, and in the case of Turkey is now, applied to peoples of different ethnicities living on the North Eastern and Eastern shores of the Black Sea, and in the Northern Caucasus.

Nogais
The Nogais (/noʊˈɡaɪ/ noh-GY) are a Turkic people who speak Nogai, a language from the Kipchak branch of the Turkic languages. They live in Eastern Europe, the North Caucasus, the Volga region, Central Asia, and Turkey. Most are found in northern Dagestan and Stavropol Krai, as well as in Karachay-Cherkessia, Chechnya, and Astrakhan Oblast; some also live in Dobruja (Romania and Bulgaria), Turkey, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, and a small Nogai diaspora is found in Syria and Jordan. They speak the Nogai language and are descendants of various Mongolic and Turkic tribes who formed the Nogai Horde. There are nine main groups of Nogais: the Ak Nogai, the Karagash, the Koban-Nogai, the Kundraw-Nogai, the Achikulak-Nogai, the Qara-Nogai, the Utars, the Bug-Nogai, and the Yurt-Nogai.
Sea Palling
Sea Palling, also historically spelled Pawling and Pauling, is a village and civil parish covering 11.05 km2 (4.27 sq mi) in the English county of Norfolk. The village is 19.6 miles (31.5 km) south-east of Cromer, 19.6 miles (31.5 km) north-east of Norwich and 140 miles (230 km) north-east of London. The village lies 4 mi (6.4 km) east of the A149 between Kings Lynn and Great Yarmouth. The nearest railway station is at North Walsham for the Bittern Line, which runs between Sheringham, Cromer, and Norwich.

Historically known as Palling, the parish was renamed on 2 October 1948 from "Palling" to "Sea Palling".

In local dialect Sea Palling is pronounced "Sea Pawling".

Eccles on Sea
Eccles-on-Sea (also called Eccles-by-the-Sea) is an ancient fishing village in north-east Norfolk, now virtually all swept into the North Sea. The population is included in the civil parish of Lessingham.
Ashikajima Station
Ashikajima Station (海鹿島駅, Ashikajima-eki) is a railway station on the privately operated Chōshi Electric Railway Line in Chōshi, Chiba, Japan. The station is the easternmost station in the Kanto region, and a plaque erected in February 2012 stands on the station platform indicating this.

Chōshi Station
Chōshi Station (銚子駅, Chōshi-eki) is an interchange passenger railway station in the city of Chōshi, Chiba, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and also used by the private railway operator Choshi Electric Railway.
AC Sapphire
Annachristie Marie Sadler (born July 16, 1985), known professionally as AC Sapphire, is an American singer-songwriter based in Portland, Oregon. She has shared the stage with artists including First Aid Kit, Amos Lee, Langhorne Slim, and Victoria Williams and collaborated with Kyle Craft, Hoots & Hellmouth, Sharon Little, and Shirley Manson.

Raised in Eastern Pennsylvania, Sapphire performed from an early age and debuted with the self-released album Elixir for the Human Heart (2005). She formed the group Sisters 3 with her siblings Beatrice and Cassandra Sadler, which released two albums and found success in the Philadelphia music scene. After Sisters3 dissolved, Sapphire moved to the Mojave Desert and reestablished her solo career with the EP Sibling Rivalry (2015). She then relocated to Portland, where she released another EP, Omni Present (2020), and her long-delayed second album, Desert Car (2022).

Victoria Williams
Victoria Williams (born December 23, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, and musician, originally from Shreveport, Louisiana, although she has resided in Southern California throughout her musical career. Diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in the early 1990s, Williams was the catalyst for the Sweet Relief Musicians Fund.
Ruperto Reeves
Ruperto Reeves (12 February 1934 – 9 December 2019) was an Ecuadorian footballer.

He was part of Ecuador's squads for the 1959 (Ecuador) and 1963 Copa America.

In 1957 he scored Barcelona SC's first ever goal in the Ecuadorian Championship.

1959 South American Championship (Ecuador)
The 1959 South American Championship held in Ecuador was an extra South American Championship for the year. The tournament was contested between five teams; Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Peru did not participate, whilst Brazil attended with a team from Pernambuco. Uruguay won their 10th South American title.
Thomas Dreßen
Thomas Dreßen (born 22 November 1993) is a retired German World Cup alpine ski racer. He specializes in the speed events of downhill and super-G. Dreßen made his World Cup debut in February 2015 at the Saalbach downhill. He made his first podium in December 2017 in the downhill at Beaver Creek and his first win came the following month at Kitzbühel.

Super-G
Super giant slalom, or super-G, is a racing discipline of alpine skiing. Along with the faster downhill, it is regarded as a "speed" event, in contrast to the technical events giant slalom and slalom. It debuted as an official World Cup event during the 1983 season and was added to the official schedule of the World Championships in 1987 and the Winter Olympics in 1988.

Much like downhill, a super-G course consists of widely set gates that racers must pass through. The course is set so that skiers must turn more than in downhill, though the speeds are still much higher than in giant slalom (hence the name). Each athlete only has one run to clock the best time. In the Olympics, super-G courses are usually set on the same slopes as the downhill, but with a lower starting point.
Valencia (Senate constituency)
Valencia is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Valencia. The electoral system uses open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Limited voting
Limited voting (also known as partial block voting) is a voting system in which electors have fewer votes than there are positions available. The positions are awarded to the candidates who receive the most votes.  In the special case in which the voter may vote for only one candidate and there are two or more posts, this system is called the single non-transferable vote or sometimes the strictly limited vote.
Marc Vallée
Marc Vallée (born 1968) is a British documentary photographer who has photographed youth culture, in Paris, Berlin, and London where he lives. He has made work about the tension between public and private space in the context of graffiti, skateboarding and queer cultures. Vallée has self-published many zines and shown in group exhibitions at the Museum of London and Somerset House.

Documentary photography
Documentary photography usually refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle events or environments both significant and relevant to history and historical events as well as everyday life. It is typically undertaken as professional photojournalism, or real-life reportage, but it may also be an amateur, artistic, or academic pursuit. Social documentary photography aims to draw the public's attention to social issues or to the life of underprivileged people.