hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Formulations of special relativity
The theory of special relativity was initially developed in 1905 by Albert Einstein. However, other interpretations of special relativity have been developed, some on the basis of different foundational axioms. While some are mathematically equivalent to Einstein's theory, others aim to revise or extend it.

Einstein's formulation was based on two postulates, as detailed below. Some formulations modify these postulates or attempt to derive the second postulate by deduction. Others differ in their approach to the geometry of spacetime and the linear transformations between frames of reference.

Postulates of special relativity
Albert Einstein derived the theory of special relativity in 1905, from principles now called the postulates of special relativity. Einstein's formulation only requires two postulates, though his derivation implies a few more assumptions.

The idea that special relativity depended only on two postulates, both of which seemed to follow from the theory and experiment of the day, was one of the most compelling arguments for the correctness of the theory (Einstein 1912: "This theory is correct to the extent to which the two principles upon which it is based are correct. Since these seem to be correct to a great extent, ...")
Crinopteryx
Crinopteryx is a monotypic genus of primitive monotrysian moths. Its sole species, Crinopteryx familiella, is endemic to Europe, where it is restricted to the Mediterranean region of France, Italy, the Iberian Peninsula and Sicily. Crinopteryx used to be classified in its own, monotypic family called Crinopterygidae, but the latter has been downgraded to a subfamily (Crinopteryginae) of the family Incurvariidae.

Crinopteryx familiella is a small moth, about 7 mm in wingspan, and its morphological characters are rather unusual for the superfamily Adeloidea. For example, the caterpillar bears a case (see also Coleophoridae, feeding on rockrose (Cistus shrubs) (Rosaceae) (Davis, 1999: 83), and especially Cistus salviifolius.

Cistus
Cistus (from the Greek kistos) is a genus of flowering plants in the rockrose family Cistaceae, containing about 34 species and a similar number of natural hybrids. They are perennial shrubs found on dry or rocky soils throughout the Mediterranean region, from Morocco, Spain, Italy, Greece, through to the Middle East, and also on the Canary Islands.

Cistus, with its many hybrids and cultivars, is commonly encountered as a garden flower.

The common name rock-rose or rockrose is applied to the species, a name also shared by the related genera Helianthemum and Tuberaria, all in the same family Cistaceae. The common name gum cistus is also applied to resin-bearing species, especially C. ladanifer.
Peter A. Sarpy
Peter Abadie Sarpy (1804 – January 4, 1865) was a French-American entrepreneur and fur trader. He was the owner and operator of several fur trading posts essential to the development of the Nebraska Territory and a thriving ferry business.  Also, he helped plan the towns of Bellevue and Decatur, Nebraska. Nebraska's legislature named Sarpy County after him in honor of his service to the state.

Nebraska Territory
The Territory of Nebraska was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854, until March 1, 1867, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Nebraska. The Nebraska Territory was created by the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854. The territorial capital was Omaha. The territory encompassed areas of what is today Nebraska, Wyoming, South Dakota, North Dakota, Colorado, and Montana.
Gertrud Luckner
Gertrud Luckner (German: [ˈɡɛʁ.tʁuːt ˈlʊk.nɐ] ⓘ; born Jane Hartmann; 26 September 1900 – 31 August 1995) was a Christian social worker involved in the German resistance to Nazism.

A member of the banned German Catholics' Peace Association, she organised food packages for Jews deported to Poland and travelled in Germany to give assistance to Jewish families. On one such journey, she was arrested, and she spent the remainder of the war in Ravensbrück concentration camp. She was named as righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem in 1966.

Righteous Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם ḥasidei ummot ha'olam) is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe all of the non-Jews who, out of altruism, risked their lives in order to save Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The term originates from the concept of ger toshav, a legal term used to refer to non-Jewish observers of the Seven Laws of Noah.

Recent research has complicated dominant historical narratives about rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. The vast majority of rescue was enabled by the exchange of money, goods, or services, while many survivors concealed complicating facts in applications of Yad Vashem.
Aval Kaathirunnu Avanum
Aval Kaathirunnu Avanum is a 1986 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by P. G. Vishwambharan and produced by K. P. Kottarakkara. The film stars Mammootty, Mukesh, Moon Moon Sen and Sukumari. The film has musical score by Shyam. The movie was a commercial success.

Shyam (composer)
Samuel Joseph (born 1937), better known as Shyam, is a music composer who works in Malayalam cinema.

From the mid-1970s to the late 1980s, Shyam had a prolific run as a composer in the Malayalam film industry, composing for nearly 200 films. Working with all major directors of the time, Shyam had scored for many hits of Jayan and the early films of Mammootty and Mohanlal.
Shivaani Kummar
Shivaani Kummar is an Indian oncologist and physician-scientist specializing in early-phase cancer drug development. Since 2025, she has served as the interim chief executive of the Knight Cancer Institute at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), where Kummar has been a faculty member since 2020.

Oregon Health and Science University
Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) is a public research university focusing primarily on health sciences with a main campus, including two hospitals, in Portland, Oregon.

The institution was founded in 1887 as the University of Oregon Medical Department and later became the University of Oregon Medical School. In 1974, the campus became an independent, self-governed institution called the University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, combining state dentistry, medicine, nursing, and public health programs into a single center. It was renamed Oregon Health Sciences University in 1981 and took its current name in 2001, as part of a merger with the Oregon Graduate Institute (OGI), in Hillsboro. The university has several partnership programs including a joint PharmD Pharmacy program with Oregon State University in Corvallis.

It is designated as a "Special Focus – Research Institution" according to the Carnegie Classification.
Colorado State Highway 61
State Highway 61 (SH 61) is a 40.8-mile (65.7 km) state highway in northeastern Colorado. SH 61's southern terminus is at U.S. Route 34 (US 34) in Otis, and the northern terminus is at US 6 in Sterling.

Sterling, Colorado
Sterling is a home rule municipality and the county seat and most populous municipality of Logan County, Colorado, United States.  The city population was 13,735 at the 2020 census.  Sterling is the largest city in the Eastern Plains region of Colorado and the site of the domed Logan County Courthouse, built in 1909. The city is also home to Northeastern Junior College, enrolling over 1,500 students annually.
Premio Lo Nuestro 2004
Premio Lo Nuestro 2004 was the 16th anniversary of a popular Latin Music Award show in U.S. The award show took place In Miami, Florida, and aired live on the Univision Network on Thursday, February 26, from 8-11 pm ET / PT (7-10 pm Central and Mountain). The show was hosted by Adal Ramones. The artists who performed in the show were:Ricky Martin, Thalía, Ricardo Arjona, Marco Antonio Solís, Sin Bandera, La Oreja de Van Gogh, Montez de Durango, El General and many more. There was total of 180 nominations in 32 categories. The nominees list includes Ricky Martin and Ricardo Arjona, with four nominations each; La India, Marc Anthony, Marco Antonio Solís, Conjunto Primavera, Olga Tañón and Joan Sebastian with three nominations each; Shakira and Thalía with two nominations; and Juanes, Alexandre Pires, Maná, Pepe Aguilar, Vicente Fernández, and many more.

La Oreja de Van Gogh
La Oreja de Van Gogh (Spanish pronunciation: [la oˈɾexa ðe βaŋ ˈɡoɣ]; English: "Van Gogh's Ear") is a pop band from San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain. The lyrical themes of their songs typically include love, friendship and relationships. They have released 9 studio albums and have achieved commercial success with the singles "Puedes Contar Conmigo" (2003), "Rosas" (2003), "Muñeca de Trapo" (2006), "Dulce Locura" (2006), "El Último Vals" (2008), and "Inmortal" (2009).

The lead singer of the band is Amaia Montero, who was one of the band's founders in 1996 until she first left in 2007 (to pursue a solo career) and returned in 2025. From 2008 to 2024, the lead singer of the band was Leire Martínez. The band officially announced Montero's return as well as Benegas' temporary break on 15 October 2025. The band's lyrics and compositions are written primarily by Xabi San Martín as well as by Pablo Benegas.
Foley's
Foley's was a regional chain of department stores owned by Federated Department Stores (1947–1988, 2005–2006), later owned by May Department Stores (1988–2005) and headquartered in Downtown Houston, Texas. On August 30, 2005, the division was dissolved and operation of the stores was assumed by Federated's Macy's West and Macy's South divisions.  Foley's operated stores in Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas and Louisiana.  On September 9, 2006 Foley's and all the regional May Co. stores names were phased out and rebranded as Macy's.

Macy's Union Square
Macy's Union Square is a department store building bounded by O'Farrell, Powell, Geary, and Stockton Streets in San Francisco, California, United States. The present-day building consists of several buildings that were built separately and later connected, the earliest of which was designed by Lewis P. Hobart for the O'Connor, Moffat, Kean Co. store in 1929. It has been the regional flagship store of the Macy's department store chain since 1949. In November of 2025, Macy's announced they are partnering with developer TMG Partners for the future development of its 600,000-square-foot store property, abandoning previously announced plans to leave the site in 2027.
The House on 92nd Street
The House on 92nd Street is a 1945 black-and-white American spy film directed by Henry Hathaway. The movie, shot mostly in New York City, was released shortly after the end of World War II. The House on 92nd Street was made with the full cooperation of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), whose director, J. Edgar Hoover, appears during the introductory montage. The FBI agents shown in Washington, D.C. were played by actual agents. The film's semidocumentary style inspired other films, including The Naked City and Boomerang.

The Naked City
The Naked City (a.k.a. Naked City) is a 1948 American crime procedural produced by Mark Hellinger; directed by Jules Dassin; and written by Albert Maltz and Malvin Wald, from a story by Wald. Starring Barry Fitzgerald, with Howard Duff, Dorothy Hart, and Don Taylor in support, the film depicts the police investigation that follows the murder of a young model. It was shot almost entirely on location in New York City.

Naked City received two Academy Awards, one for cinematography for William H. Daniels and another for film editing to Paul Weatherwax. In 2007, the highly influential film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Yaana (company)
Yaana is an app based Public Bicycle Sharing (PBS) service  (Under the Smart City Project) panchkula, was inaugurated on Wednesday 21 Aug 2019 by Manohar Lal Khattar, Chief Minister, Haryana.

The system is provided by "Yaana Smart Technologies Pvt. Ltd." based at Koppal, Karnataka.

Panchkula
Panchkula (ISO: Paṁcakulā) is a city and district headquarter in the Panchkula district in Haryana, India. It is a satellite city of the state capital Chandigarh. Panchkula is a border city with Punjab, Chandigarh and Himachal Pradesh. The origin of the name Panchkula came from "the place where five irrigation canals meet". It is approximately 4 km (2.5 mi) southeast of Chandigarh, 105 km (65 mi) southwest of Shimla, 44 km (27 mi) from Ambala and 259 km (161 mi) northeast of New Delhi, the national capital. It is a part of the Chandigarh capital region or Greater Chandigarh. The Chandigarh-Mohali-Panchkula metropolitan region collectively forms a Chandigarh Tricity, with a combined population of over two million.

The city hosts the Chandimandir Cantonment, the headquarters of the Western Command of the Indian Army. It is a planned city like Chandigarh, with a sector system.
102nd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
102nd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, was an air defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) formed at Antrim, Northern Ireland, during the period of international tension leading up to the outbreak of World War II. It defended Belfast and its shipyards during the early part of the war and then served in the Middle East. The regiment continued in the postwar TA until amalgamated in 1955.

Middle East Command
Middle East Command, later Middle East Land Forces, was a British Army Command established prior to the Second World War in Egypt. Its primary role was to command British land forces and co-ordinate with the relevant naval and air commands to defend British interests in the Middle East and eastern Mediterranean region.

During the Second World War, Middle East Command supervised military operations in and around the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East. Following the defeat of the Axis forces in the Western Desert at the Battle of El Alamein and the landing of additional Anglo-American forces during Operation Torch, it transferred control of land forces to the newly created Allied Forces Headquarters.
Forever Valentine
Forever Valentine is an unreleased studio album by alternative country band Whiskeytown, recorded between their Strangers Almanac and Pneumonia albums.  The album, produced by Chris Stamey, is notable for featuring Ben Folds on piano and ex-Firehose member Ed Crawford on guitar.

The band quickly recorded the album without their record label knowing about it, since it fell outside of the terms of their contract at that time.  In an interview with the Ryan Adams-Whiskeytown fan website AnsweringBell.com, Whiskeytown drummer Skillet Gilmore confirmed this.

Music journalist David Menconi calls Forever Valentine "an interesting yet unfocused record consisting of eleven quite good but quite different songs", citing it as "one of the leading entries in Ryan's catalog of 'lost' albums"; while Steven Hyden of Grantland says that it "ranks with Adams’s best Whiskeytown work".

Ed Crawford
Charles Edward Crawford (born January 26, 1964), known as ed fROMOHIO, is an American musician, best known as the lead singer and guitarist for Firehose, an alternative rock band he formed in 1986 with former Minutemen members Mike Watt (bass guitar) and George Hurley (drums).
Real World/Road Rules Challenge: The Inferno II
Real World/Road Rules Challenge: The Inferno II is the 10th season of the MTV reality game show, The Challenge (at the time known as Real World/Road Rules Challenge). The season is directly subsequent to Battle of the Sexes 2.

The Inferno II is the second of The Inferno series, with the original Inferno airing in 2004, and The Inferno 3 following in 2007. The show aired in 2005, and took place in Manzanillo, Mexico.

On December 15, 2020, the season was made available to stream on Netflix in the United States.

Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Battle of the Sexes 2
Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Battle of the Sexes 2 is the 9th season of the MTV reality game show The Challenge (at the time known as Real World/Road Rules Challenge). The season directly follows The Inferno and took place in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Battle of the Sexes 2 is the first season of The Challenge to be a sequel from an earlier season, the show's sixth season, Battle of the Sexes. A casting special titled "He Says She Says: The Battle for the Battle of the Sexes 2" aired on September 27, 2004. Battle of the Sexes 2 premiered on October 4, 2004, and concluded on January 31, 2005.
2022 Adelaide International 1 – Men's doubles
Rohan Bopanna and Ramkumar Ramanathan defeated Ivan Dodig and Marcelo Melo in the final, 7–6(8–6), 6–1 to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2022 Adelaide International 1.

Máximo González and Fabrice Martin were the reigning champions from when the tournament was last held in 2020, but chose to compete in the ATP Cup instead.

2022 ATP Cup
The 2022 ATP Cup was the third and final edition of the ATP Cup. It was an international outdoor hard court men's team tennis tournament held by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The tournament was part of the 2022 ATP Tour.

Due to the uncertainties with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it was held at the Ken Rosewall Arena and the Sydney Super Dome, from 1 to 9 January 2022 with 16 teams. Canada won the tournament, defeating Spain 2–0 in the final.

On 7 August 2022, as a result of all three editions being very poorly attended and riddled with logistical issues, along with heavy financial losses and the event being deeply unpopular with fans, players - particularly women's players - and officials, Tennis Australia announced that the ATP Cup would be shut down, to be replaced by a mixed-gender United Cup from 2023.
The Baker and the Beauty (American TV series)
The Baker and the  Beauty is an American romantic comedy-drama television series developed by Dean Georgaris that premiered on ABC on April 13, 2020. It is an adaptation of the Israeli romantic-comedy series Beauty and the Baker. The original version is one of the highest-rated scripted series ever in Israel, and its episodes have been streamed on Amazon Prime Video. The American version is developed and executive-produced by Dean Georgaris, Becky Hartman Edwards, David Frankel, Avi Nir, Alon Shtruzman, Peter Traugott, Assi Azar and Rachel Kaplan for Universal Television. In June 2020, it was canceled after one season.

After its cancellation, in April 2021, the series rose to prominence on Netflix, where it entered the weekly TV viewership charts, peaking at number one.

Avi Nir
Avi Nir (Hebrew: אבי ניר; born 1961) is an Israeli television executive, entrepreneur, writer and producer. He is the CEO of the Israeli media group Keshet Broadcasting serving as a leading content and programming director. He is known as the Executive producer of the American television program Homeland for which he won three Emmy Awards.
Soviet frigate Gromkiy
Gromkiy (Russian: Громкий, "Loud") was a Project 1135M Burevestnik-class (Russian: Буревестник, "Petrel") Guard Ship (Сторожевой Корабль, SKR) or 'Krivak II'-class frigate that served with the Soviet and Russian Navies. Launched on 11 April 1978, the vessel operated as part of the Northern Fleet as an anti-submarine vessel, with an armament built around the URPK-5 Rastrub (SS-N-14 'Silex') missile system. In 1991, the ship took part in the semicentennial commemoration of the first of the arctic convoys of the Second World War alongside the Royal Navy frigate HMS London. Soon afterwards, the ship was transferred to the Russian Navy following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Gromkiy served for less than two years in this new role before being withdrawn for repairs and, ultimately, decommissioning on 16 March 1998.

Metel Anti-Ship Complex
The Metel Anti-Ship Complex (Russian: противолодочный комплекс «Метель» 'Snowstorm'; NATO reporting name: SS-N-14 Silex) is a Soviet family of anti-submarine missiles. There are different anti-submarine variants ('Metel') for cruisers and frigates, and a later version with a shaped charge ('Rastrub') that can be used against shipping as well as submarines.

The missile carries an underslung anti-submarine torpedo which it drops immediately above the suspected position of a submarine. The torpedo then proceeds to search and then home in on the submarine. In the case of the 85RU/URPK-5, the UGMT-1 torpedo is a multi-purpose torpedo and can be used against submarines as well as surface ships.  The missile has been in operational service since 1968, but is no longer in production; it was superseded by the RPK-2 Viyuga (SS-N-15 'Starfish').
Texas State Highway 46
State Highway 46 (SH 46)  is a 71.8-mile (115.6 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Texas that runs from SH 16 east of Bandera to the intersection of SH 123 and SH 123 Business just south of Seguin.

Bandera, Texas
Bandera (Spanish: "flag", /bænˈdɛrə/ ban-DERR-ə) is a city in Bandera County, Texas, United States.  It was founded by Polish Catholic settlers from Silesia in the 1850's.The county seat, it lies in the Texas Hill Country, a part of the Edwards Plateau located at the crossroads of the central, southern, and western parts of the state, Its population was 829 at the 2020 census.

Bandera calls itself the "Cowboy Capital of the World", a legacy dating to its days as a staging area for what is today known as Great Western Cattle Trail for the last cattle drives of the 1800s.
Everything's Coming Up Rosie
Everything's Coming Up Rosie is a 1977 studio album by the American jazz singer Rosemary Clooney. It was the first solo album that Clooney released on Concord Records. The title is a reference to the 1959 song "Everything's Coming up Roses". On the album, Clooney is accompanied by a quintet of jazz musicians. The album marked the beginning of a fifteen year recording and performance partnership with tenor saxophonist Scott Hamilton.

Rosemary Clooney
Rosemary Clooney (May 23, 1928 – June 29, 2002) was an American singer and actress. She came to prominence in the early 1950s with the song "Come On-a My House", which was followed by other pop numbers such as "Botch-a-Me", "Mambo Italiano", "Tenderly", "Half as Much", "Hey There", "This Ole House", and "Sway". She also had success as a jazz vocalist.

Clooney's career languished in the 1960s, partly because of problems related to bipolar disorder and drug addiction, but revived in 1977, when her White Christmas co-star Bing Crosby asked her to appear with him at a show marking his 50th anniversary in show business. Clooney continued recording until her death in 2002. In her personal life, she was the mother of actor Miguel Ferrer and the aunt of actor George Clooney.
Birgül Sadıkoğlu
Birgül Sadıkoğlu (born March 23, 2000) is a Turkish women's football midfielder who plays for Trabzon in the Turkish Super League. She played for the Turkey U-17 and U-19 teams before she became a member of the Turkey national team.

She graduated from a vocational technical and industrial high school in Eskişehir.

Trabzonspor (women's football)
Trabzonspor Club Women's  Football Team (Turkish: Trabzonspor Kulübü Kadın Futbol Takımı) is the women's football team of Trabzonspor in Trabzon, Turkey. It was established on 16 October 2007.

Right after its foundation, the team was invited to join the Turkish Women's Football Super League.  However, the league was cancelled in 2003 but re-established for the 2007–08 season. Trabzonspor were the champions in the 2008–09 season, which was the second year of the league.