hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ambient cistern
The ambient cistern is a bilaterally paired (one on each side of the body) subarachnoid cistern situated at either lateral aspect of the mesencephalon (midbrain). Each ambient cistern has a supratentorial compartment and an infratentorial compartment. Each is continuous anteriorly with the interpeduncular cistern, and posteriorly with the quadrigeminal cistern.

Quadrigeminal cistern
The quadrigeminal cistern (also cistern of great cerebral vein, vein of Galen cistern, superior cistern, Bichat's canal, or peripineal cistern) is a subarachnoid cistern situated between splenium of corpus callosum, and the superior surface of the cerebellum. It contains a part of the great cerebral vein, the posterior cerebral artery, quadrigeminal artery, glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), and the pineal gland.
2009 Puntland presidential election
The 2009 Puntland presidential election was held on 8 January 2009 in Garowe, the administrative capital of the autonomous Puntland state of Somalia. The second such vote to be held in the state since its establishment 1998, it followed the election of a new Parliament Speaker and Deputy Speakers on January 04, 2009 by the 66-seat bicameral legislature. Candidates included officials from the incumbent Puntland administration, former government ministers and prominent local entrepreneurs. The ballot saw the election of former Puntland minister of finance Abdirahman Farole as the fourth president of Puntland, majority defeating Abdullahi Ahmed Jama. Parliament of Puntland concurrently elected Abdisamad Ali Shire as Puntland's new vice president in place of Hassan Dahir Afqurac.

Vice President of Puntland
The vice president of Puntland (VPOP) serves as the secondary head of the Government of Puntland after the President of Puntland. The office was established following the formation of Puntland on 1 August 1998, and is held by five officials, and two interim vice presidents, elected by the Parliament of Puntland. The first vice president was Mohamed Abdi Hashi. Following the 2024 Vice Presidential Election, Ilyas Osman Lugator was elected in January 2024.
Gavan Reynolds
Lieutenant General Gavan John Reynolds, AO is a retired senior officer in the Australian Army who is the Commissioner of the Australian Border Force since 2024. He joined the army via the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 1985 and has spent much of his career in military intelligence. He has commanded the 1st Intelligence Battalion (2004–05) and the 6th Combat Support Brigade (2013–15), and deployed on operations to the Persian Gulf, Lebanon and Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan. He served as Head Military Strategic Plans from 2019 to 2020, before being appointed as the inaugural Chief of Defence Intelligence in July 2020.

Chief of Defence Intelligence (Australia)
The Chief of Defence Intelligence (CDI) is a three-star role within the Australian Defence Force (ADF), responsible for the Defence Intelligence Group. The Minister of Defence, Linda Reynolds announced the creation of the new Defence Intelligence Group under the command of the CDI which brought the Defence Intelligence Organisation (DIO), Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation (AGO) and some other elements together under a single command.
Homer Vernon Cooper
Homer Vernon Cooper (May 12, 1890 – June 22, 1968) was an American politician who served as a State Senator from the 12th District which had represented the area of Warren and Hinds Counties in Mississippi. He was a Democrat who served from 1960 to 1964.  By profession, Cooper was a longtime school administrator well known on the state and national levels.

Cooper opposed integration of the Vicksburg school system and desegregation of the educational structure across Mississippi; this was in defiance to the Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education.  He served on the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission and voted for supporting the commission during his term as a State Senator.

Superintendent (education)
In the American education system, a superintendent or superintendent of schools is an administrator of a school district, a local government body overseeing public schools. All school principals in a respective school district report to the superintendent.

The role and powers of the superintendent vary among areas according to Sharp and Walter, a popularly held opinion is that "the most important role of the board of education is to hire its superintendent."
Daniel Materazzi
Daniel Jorge Barbosa Ramos, known as Daniel Materazzi (born 22 March 1985) is a Portuguese footballer who plays as a defender for Leça FC.

A journeyman who never spent more than two senior years at the same club, he made 149 LigaPro appearances over five consecutive seasons, each with a different team. He spent most of his career in the third tier, playing over 200 times in service of six teams.

Leça F.C.
Leça Futebol Clube, better known as Leça FC or simply Leça, is a Portuguese football club located in the town of Leça da Palmeira, Matosinhos. Founded in 1912, it had a spell in the top-flight Primeira Liga in 1941–42 and between 1995 and 1998, when it was relegated for financial irregularities. In the 2025–26 season they played in the Campeonato de Portugal. The club currently play their home games at the Estádio do Leça FC, which holds a capacity of 4,529 spectators. The current chairman is António Pinho and their current manager is João Crespo. The club's shirt and socks are white while their shorts are green.
Fåhræus–Lindqvist effect
The Fåhræus–Lindqvist effect (/fɑːˈreɪ.əs ˈlɪndkvɪst/ far-AY-əs LIND-kvist) or sigma effect describes how the viscosity of blood changes with the diameter of the vessel it travels through. In particular there is a decrease in viscosity as the vessel diameter decreases, but only at small diameters of 10–300 micrometers (mainly capillaries). This is because erythrocytes move to the centre of the vessel, leaving only plasma near the wall of the vessel.

Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are the site of the exchange of many substances from the surrounding interstitial fluid, and they convey blood from the smallest branches of the arteries (arterioles) to those of the veins (venules). Other substances which cross capillaries include water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea, glucose, uric acid, lactic acid and creatinine. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation.
Toyonoshima Daiki
Toyonoshima Daiki (born June 26, 1983, as Daiki Kajiwara) is a former professional sumo wrestler from Sukumo, Kōchi, Japan. He made his professional debut in January 2002, reaching the top makuuchi division in September 2004. He was a runner-up in five tournaments, and earned ten special prizes. His highest rank was sekiwake, which he first reached in September 2008 and held for five tournaments in total. Following a suspension in July 2010 he was demoted to the jūryō division, but upon his return to makuuchi in November 2010 he took part in a playoff for the championship. He won four kinboshi or gold stars awarded for yokozuna upsets, three of them earned by defeating Harumafuji from 2013 to 2015. He wrestled for Tokitsukaze stable. He retired in 2020 and was an elder of the Japan Sumo Association under the name of Izutsu-oyakata until his departure from the association in January 2023.

Professional sumo divisions
Professional sumo as administered by the Japanese Sumo Association is divided into six ranked divisions. Wrestlers are promoted and demoted within and between these divisions based on the merit of their win–loss records in official tournaments. For more information, see kachi-koshi and make-koshi. Wrestlers are also ranked within each division. The higher a wrestler's rank within a division is, the general level of opponents he will have to face becomes stronger. According to tradition, each rank is further subdivided into East and West, with East being slightly more prestigious, and ranked slightly higher than its West counterpart. The divisions, ranked in order of hierarchy from highest to lowest, are as follows:
MV Nimbin
Nimbin was a steel screw steamer built in 1927 at Copenhagen, that was the first motor vessel placed into the New South Wales coastal trade. It was owned and operated by the North Coast Steam Navigation Company and was the first Australian registered merchant ship to be lost during World War II when it struck a mine laid by the German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin. Nimbin was on its way from Coffs Harbour to its home port, Sydney, with a cargo of bundled three-ply timber and a cargo of pigs. One third of the ship was blown away and it sank in three minutes. Seven men were killed. The remaining thirteen clung to bundles of plywood. Some hours later an air force plane from RAAF Base Rathmines saw the survivors and directed the coastal ship SS Bonalbo to the scene to retrieve them.

German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin
Pinguin was a German auxiliary cruiser (Hilfskreuzer) which served as a commerce raider in the Second World War. The Pinguin was known to the Kriegsmarine as Schiff 33, and designated HSK 5.  The most successful commerce raider of the war, she was known to the British Royal Navy as Raider F. The name Pinguin means penguin in German.
Risky Business
Risky Business is a 1983 American coming-of-age teen comedy film  written and directed by Paul Brickman (in his directorial debut) and starring Tom Cruise and Rebecca De Mornay. It follows the sexual exploits of high school senior Joel Goodson (Cruise), who is staying home alone during his parents' vacation trip and meets a call girl named Lana (De Mornay). The film is considered to be Cruise's breakout role.

Risky Business was released theatrically in the United States by Warner Bros. on August 5, 1983. A commercial and critical success, the film grossed more than $63 million at the box office, making it the tenth-highest-grossing film of 1983 in the United States, and received acclaim, with many comparing it to The Graduate (1967). Cruise's performance earned him the first Golden Globe Award nomination of his career.

Retrospective critical analysis has recognized Risky Business as one of the best high school and teen films of all time.

Teen film
Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers, preteens and/or young adults by the plot being based on their special interests, such as coming of age, attempting to fit in, bullying, peer pressure, first love, teen rebellion, conflict with parents, and teen angst or alienation. Often these normally serious subject matters are presented in a glossy, stereotyped or trivialized way. Many teenage characters are portrayed by young adult actors in their 20s. Some teen films appeal to young males, while others appeal to young females.

Films in this genre are often set in high schools and colleges, or contain characters who are of high school or college age.
Stone Nullah Lane
Stone Nullah Lane is a one-way street in Wan Chai, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong.  Named after the water channel that until 1959 ran down its middle, it stretches from Lung On Street to Queen's Road East.  The street is noted for its historical landmarks, most notably the Blue House and Wan Chai Pak Tai Temple.

Wan Chai Pak Tai Temple
The Wan Chai Pak Tai Temple, also known as Yuk Hui Kung, is located on Lung On Street in Wan Chai, Hong Kong. It was built by locals in 1863.
The temple is dedicated to Pak Tai, a martial deity, and houses a 3 metres (9.8 ft) Ming Dynasty statue of Pak Tai built in 1603, as well as a number of antique bells cast in 1863. It is decorated with a large number of lotus lanterns.

The Temple consists of the main building and two annexes. The main building is dedicated to the worship of Pak Tai. Connected to the left of the Yuk Hui Temple is a Hall of Lung Mo (龍母殿; 'Hall of Dragon Mother') and a Hall of God of Wealth (財神殿) and to its right a Hall of Three  Treasures (三寶殿) and the keeper's quarters which are probably later additions.

The temple is a declared monument of Hong Kong.
A40 road in London
In London, the A40 forms a major trunk road starting in the City of London, and passing through six London Boroughs: Camden, Westminster, Kensington & Chelsea, Hammersmith & Fulham, Ealing and Hillingdon, to meet the M40 motorway junction 1 at Denham, Buckinghamshire. Outside London, the road then continues onwards to Fishguard, Wales.

The road has been re-routed several times in the last 100 years – part of the route of the London section of the A40 was laid out in the 1920s and 1930s when Western Avenue was built – now most of it is grade-separated, dual carriageway (divided highway). In the 1960s Westway was constructed, easing traffic access to and from the centre of the city. The A40 links the City of London and the West End to the M40 motorway and M25 motorway. The route is called The London to Fishguard Trunk Road (A40) in legal documents and acts.

Westway (London)
The Westway is a 2.5-mile (4 km) elevated dual carriageway section of the A40 trunk road in West London running from Paddington in the east to North Kensington in the west. It connects the London Inner Ring Road to the West London suburbs.

The road was constructed between 1962 and 1970 to connect the proposed London Ringways motorway scheme to Paddington, and opened as the A40(M). It was the first urban motorway project in London and attracted criticism for the lack of care over the environment, the well-being of local residents and communities, and the handling of those whose homes would be demolished. Road protests increased following its opening. In 2000, the Westway was downgraded to an all-purpose road after the formation of Transport for London. The road has become a significant London landmark and has been noted in several works of popular culture.
Niall Ó Glacáin
Niall Ó Glacáin (sometimes anglicised as Nial O'Glacan; c. 1563 – 1653) was an Irish physician and plague doctor who worked to treat victims of bubonic plague outbreaks throughout continental Europe. He was a physician to Hugh Roe O'Donnell and King Louis XIII.

Working as a physician to the prominent O'Donnell clan during the Nine Years' War, he may have followed their chief to Spain after the Siege of Kinsale, where he spent two decades practicing medicine. He moved to France in the 1620s, settling in Toulouse to publish his work Tractatus de Peste, a treatise on plague treatment. Later in life he took up a post at the University of Bologna as Professor of Medicine.

Ó Glacáin was a pioneer in pathological anatomy, with his work predating that of anatomist Giovanni Battista Morgagni by several decades.

Siege of Kinsale
The siege of Kinsale (Irish: Léigear Chionn tSáile), also known as the battle of Kinsale, was the ultimate battle in England's conquest of Gaelic Ireland, commencing in October 1601, near the end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, and at the climax of the Nine Years' War—a campaign by Hugh O'Neill, Hugh Roe O'Donnell and other Irish lords against English rule.

Owing to Spanish involvement and the strategic advantages to be gained, the battle also formed part of the Anglo-Spanish War, the wider conflict of Protestant England against Catholic Spain.
Sione Lousi
Sione Lousi (born 8 October 1989) is a former Tonga international rugby league footballer who last played for the Townsville Blackhawks in the Queensland Cup. He previously played in the National Rugby League (NRL) for the New Zealand Warriors.

Tonga national rugby league team
The Tonga national rugby league team (Tongan: timi līki ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in rugby league football. They are currently the 4th ranked team in the world. The team was formed to compete in the 1986 Pacific Cup, and have competed at six Rugby League World Cups, starting in 1995 and continuing consecutively until the most recent tournament. Their best result was at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup, where they were semi-finalists.

Formerly administered by the Tonga National Rugby League, the team is now in a state of limbo with administration. They wear a predominantly red uniform with white sides and are associated with the phrase Mate Ma'a Tonga (English: Die for Tonga). They are coached by Australian Kristian Woolf, and captained by Addin Fonua-Blake.
2011 OPERA faster-than-light neutrino anomaly
In 2011, the Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus (OPERA) experiment mistakenly observed neutrinos appearing to travel faster than light. Even before the source of the error was discovered, the result was considered anomalous because speeds higher than that of light in vacuum are generally thought to violate special relativity, a cornerstone of the modern understanding of physics for over a century.

On June 8, 2012, after further research and analysis, CERN research director Sergio Bertolucci declared that the speed of neutrinos is consistent with that of light. The press release, made from the 25th International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics in Kyoto, states that the original OPERA results were wrong, due to equipment failures.

On July 12, 2012, OPERA updated their paper by including the new sources of errors in their calculations. They found agreement of neutrino speed with the speed of light.

Special relativity
In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein's 1905 paper, 
"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates:

The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference (that is, frames of reference with no acceleration). This is known as the principle of relativity.

The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of light source or observer. This is known as the principle of light constancy, or the principle of light speed invariance.

The first postulate was first formulated by Galileo Galilei (see Galilean invariance).
Andrew Peterson (musician)
Andrew Peterson (born June 4, 1974) is an American Christian musician and author, who plays folk rock, roots rock, and country gospel music.

Peterson is a founding member of the Square Peg Alliance, a group of Christian songwriters. He has toured with Caedmon's Call, Fernando Ortega, Michael Card, Sara Groves, Bebo Norman, Nichole Nordeman, Jill Phillips, Andy Gullahorn, Ben Shive, Eric Peters, and other members of the Square Peg Alliance.

Peterson is the author of The Wingfeather Saga series of children and young adult fantasy novels. The four-part series is currently being adapted into an animated TV show, for which he serves as an executive producer and provides the voice of Oskar N. Reteep and other characters.

Michael Card
Michael Card (born April 11, 1957) is an American Christian singer-songwriter, musician, author, and radio host from Franklin, Tennessee. He is best known for his contributions in contemporary Christian music, which combine folk-style melodies and instrumentation with an in-depth study of the Bible. Since his debut in 1981, Card has sold more than 4 million albums and has written 19 No. 1 singles. He has also authored several books, including the Gold Medallion Book Award winner A Sacred Sorrow.
Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski
Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski (24 July 1922 – 24 February 2005) was a West German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). He was a member of the German Bundestag from 1957 to 1990, Federal Minister for Economic Cooperation from 1966 to 1968, Minister of State in the Federal Foreign Office from 1974 to 1976, and then Minister of State in the Federal Chancellery until 1979 and again in 1982.

Wischnewski earned the nickname "Ben Wisch" from West German Chancellor Willy Brandt due to his strong contacts in the Arab world and his engagements with the Algerian National Liberation Front (NLF). As a close confidant of Brandt's successor, Chancellor Helmut Schmidt, Wischnewski served as a special representative for negotiations during the Red Army Faction (RAF) kidnappings in the "German Autumn" of 1977. In the 1980s, he led negotiations for the release of hostages and facilitated peace talks in Latin America and the Middle East.

Federal Chancellery of Germany
The Federal Chancellery (German: Bundeskanzleramt, pronounced [bʊndəsˈkant͡slɐˌʔamt] ⓘ) is a German federal agency serving the executive office of the chancellor of Germany, the head of the federal government, currently Friedrich Merz. The Chancellery's primary function is to assist the chancellor in coordinating the activities of the federal government. The head of the Chancellery (Chef des Bundeskanzleramtes) holds the rank of either a Secretary of State (Staatssekretär) or a Federal Minister (Bundesminister), currently held by Thorsten Frei. The headquarters of the German Chancellery is at the Federal Chancellery building in Berlin, which is the largest government headquarters in the world.
Georgina Theodora Wood
Georgina Theodora Wood JSC OSG (née Lutterodt; born 8 June 1947) is a Ghanaian former judge and a former police prosecution officer. She was the first woman Chief Justice of Ghana. She retired in 2017 after five decades of service to the state. She is a member of the Council of State.

Order of the Star of Ghana
The Order of the Star of Ghana is the second-highest award given by the Government of Ghana to any individual who had helped the cause of the country in one way or the other. Recipients of this award are decorated at a state function, chaired by the President of the Republic. It was the highest national award until 23 June 2008, when it was superseded by the Grand Order of the Star and Eagles of Ghana.
Plane of incidence
In describing reflection and refraction in optics, the plane of incidence (also called the incidence plane or the meridional plane) is the plane which contains the surface normal and the propagation vector of the incoming radiation. (In wave optics, the latter is the k-vector, or wavevector, of the incoming wave.)

When reflection is specular, as it is for a mirror or other shiny surface, the reflected ray also lies in the plane of incidence; when refraction also occurs, the refracted ray lies in the same plane. The condition of co-planarity among incident ray, surface normal, and reflected ray (refracted ray) is known as the first law of reflection (first law of refraction, respectively).

Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed.

Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and allows prisms  and raindrops in rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors.