hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Piano Sonata No. 1 (Beethoven)
Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 1 in F minor, Op. 2 No. 1, was written in 1795 and dedicated to Joseph Haydn. It was published simultaneously with his second and third piano sonatas in 1796.

Donald Francis Tovey wrote, "Sir Hubert Parry has aptly compared the opening of [this sonata] with that of the finale of Mozart's G minor symphony to show how much closer Beethoven's texture is. The slow movement ... well illustrates the rare cases in which Beethoven imitates Mozart to the detriment of his own proper richness of tone and thought, while the finale in its central episode brings a misapplied and somewhat diffuse structure in Mozart's style into a direct conflict with themes as Beethovenish in their terseness as in their sombre passion".

Donald Tovey
Sir Donald Francis Tovey (17 July 1875 – 10 July 1940) was a British music analyst, musicologist, writer on music, composer, conductor and pianist. He had been best known for his Essays in Musical Analysis and his editions of works by Bach and Beethoven, but since the 1990s his (relatively few) compositions have been recorded and performed with increasing frequency. The recordings have mostly been well received by reviewers.
Japan Median Tectonic Line
Japan Median Tectonic Line (中央構造線, Chūō Kōzō Sen), also Median Tectonic Line (MTL), is Japan's longest fault system. The MTL begins near Ibaraki Prefecture, where it connects with the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line (ISTL) and the Fossa Magna. It runs parallel to Japan's volcanic arc, passing through central Honshū to near Nagoya, through Mikawa Bay, then through the Inland Sea from the Kii Channel and Naruto Strait to Shikoku along the Sadamisaki Peninsula and the Bungo Channel and Hōyo Strait to Kyūshū.

The sense of motion on the MTL is right-lateral strike-slip, at a rate of about 5–10 mm/yr. This sense of motion is consistent with the direction of oblique convergence at the Nankai Trough. The rate of motion on the MTL is much less than the rate of convergence at the plate boundary, making it difficult to distinguish the motion on the MTL from interseismic elastic straining in GPS data.

Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line
Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line (ISTL) (糸魚川静岡構造線, Itoigawa Shizuoka Kōzō Sen), also Ito Shizu Sen (糸静線) is a major fault zone on Honshu island running from Itoigawa, Niigata Prefecture, through Lake Suwa, and on to Shizuoka in Shizuoka Prefecture. It is often confused with the Fossa Magna ("great rift"), a geological feature it forms the western boundary of.
Equestrian statue of Charles Devens
The equestrian statue of Charles Devens (also known as the Worcester County Devens Memorial Statue) is a public monument in Worcester, Massachusetts, United States. Located in front of the old Worcester County Courthouse in the Institutional District, the equestrian statue honors Charles Devens, who served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War and later served as United States Attorney General. The statue was designed by Daniel Chester French and Edward Clark Potter and was dedicated on July 4, 1906.

Equestrian statue
An equestrian statue is a statue of a rider mounted on a horse, from the Latin eques, meaning 'knight', deriving from equus, meaning 'horse'. A statue of a riderless horse is strictly an equine statue. A full-sized equestrian statue is a difficult and expensive object for any culture to produce, and figures have typically been portraits of rulers or, in the Renaissance and more recently, military commanders.

Although there are outliers, the form is essentially a tradition in Western art, used for imperial propaganda by the Roman emperors, with a significant revival in Italian Renaissance sculpture, which continued across Europe in the Baroque, as mastering the large-scale casting of bronze became more widespread, and later periods.

Statues at well under life-size have been popular in various materials, including porcelain, since the Renaissance. The riders in these may not be portraits, but figures from classical mythology or generic figures such as Native Americans.
Pigtail Ordinance
The Pigtail Ordinance was an 1873 law intended to force prisoners in San Francisco, California to have their hair cut within an inch of the scalp. It affected Qing Chinese prisoners in particular, as it meant they would have their queue, a waist-long, braided pigtail, cut off. The proposal passed by a narrow margin through the San Francisco Board of Supervisors in 1873 but was vetoed by the mayor. An identical version of the law was enacted by the California State Legislature in 1876 and was subsequently struck down as unconstitutional in 1879.

Queue (hairstyle)
A queue or cue is a hairstyle historically worn by the Jurchen and Manchu peoples of Manchuria, and was later required to be worn by male subjects of Qing China. The top of the scalp is shaved and the back portion of hair on the head is often grown long  and is braided. The distinctive hairstyle led to its wearers being targeted during anti-Chinese riots in Australia and the United States.

The edict that Han Chinese men and others under Manchu rule give up their traditional hairstyles and wear the queue, the Tifayifu, was met with resistance, although opinions about the queue did change over time. Han women were never required to wear their hair in the traditional women's Manchu style, liangbatou, although that too was a symbol of Manchu identity.
Syarif Fasha
Syarif Fasha (born 12 May 1968) is an Indonesian politician of the NasDem Party and businessman who served as the mayor of the city of Jambi for two terms between 2013 and 2023. He will serve in the House of Representatives representing Jambi province for the 2024–2029 term.

Jambi (city)
Jambi is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Jambi. Located on the island of Sumatra, the city is a busy port on the Batang Hari River and an oil- and rubber-producing centre. The city is located 26 km (16 mi) from the ruins of Muaro Jambi Temple Compounds, an important city in the ancient Srivijaya kingdom.

Nearby towns and villages include Mendalo (5.1 nmi (9.4 km; 5.9 mi)), Kinati (4.1 nmi (7.6 km; 4.7 mi)), Padang (4.5 nmi (8.3 km; 5.2 mi)), Tanjung Johor (3.2 nmi (5.9 km; 3.7 mi)), Paal Merah (2.8 nmi (5.2 km; 3.2 mi)), and Muara Kumpe (3.6 nmi (6.7 km; 4.1 mi)). Jambi City itself is an enclave within Muaro Jambi Regency.

Jambi is served by the Sultan Thaha Airport.
Fight for the Fallen (2019)
The 2019 Fight for the Fallen was a professional wrestling charity event produced by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). It was the inaugural Fight for the Fallen and took place on July 13, 2019, from Daily's Place in Jacksonville, Florida. The charity event supported victims of gun violence, a reference to the event's title. The special event was livestreamed for free on B/R Live in North America and was available through pay-per-view internationally. So far, this is the only Fight for the Fallen event to be broadcast on pay-per-view, as beginning in 2020, Fight for the Fallen became a television special of AEW's weekly programs.

The card comprised nine matches, including two on the Buy In pre-show. In the main event, The Young Bucks (Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson) defeated The Brotherhood (Cody and Dustin Rhodes). Other prominent matches saw Kenny Omega defeat Cima and Adam Page defeat Kip Sabian.

Bleacher Report
Bleacher Report (often abbreviated as B/R) is a website that focuses on sports and sports culture. Its headquarters are in San Francisco, with offices in New York City and London. Bleacher Report was acquired by Time Warner's Turner Broadcasting System in August 2012 for $175 million. In March 2018, Bleacher Report and Turner Sports launched B/R Live, a subscription video streaming service featuring live broadcasts of several major sports events, although the service was discontinued in 2021 and merged with the company's mobile app. Bleacher Report owns multi-media social network House of Highlights, and its branding was used for Max's sports coverage prior to 2025.
Oncacontias
Oncacontias vittatus, also known as forest shield bug, is a species of shield bug only found in New Zealand. The adult is rather distinctive and conspicuous in colouration and is commonly encountered. It is herbivorous, with the adults being recorded feeding on Coriaria arborea and likely other plant species. However, the juveniles appear to have a more restricted diet, preferring to feed on grasses. O. vittatus was first described in taxonomic literature in 1781 by Danish zoologist Johan Christian Fabricius. It is widespread throughout New Zealand and is found in a wide range of habitats, but is commonly associated with forest. The adult is most common during spring months, but occurs year-round. Mating occurs in October and November, with the species apparently only producing one brood per year. The eggs of O. vittatus are known to be parasitised by Trissolcus maori, a species of parasitic wasp.

Coriaria arborea
Coriaria arborea is a highly poisonous and common native shrub or small tree of New Zealand. The common name for the plant is tree tutu, and it is one of the New Zealand species of Coriaria known by the name tutu.

Coriaria arborea is found in scrub and open areas from the coast to the hills across the country. A straggling plant, it can grow to 20 feet (6.1 m) high. The leaves grow opposite on slender stems while flowers are arranged in drooping racemes. C. arborea is capable of nitrogen fixation.
Gauchito Gil
The Gauchito Gil (literally "Little Gaucho Gil") is a folk religious figure from Argentina. His cult is inspired by the purported historical figure of Antonio Mamerto Gil Núñez (c. 1847–1878), whose existence is not reliably documented. He is currently regarded as the most prominent folk saint in Argentina, although sanctuaries devoted to his cult are also found in Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Spain.

Folk saint
Folk saints are dead people or other spiritually powerful entities (such as indigenous spirits) venerated as saints, but not officially canonized. Since they are saints of the "folk", or the populus, they are also called popular saints. Like officially recognized saints, folk saints are considered intercessors with God, but many are also understood to act directly in the lives of their devotees.

Frequently, their actions in life, as well as in death, distinguish folk saints from their canonized counterparts: official doctrine would consider many of them sinners and false idols. Their ranks are filled by folk healers, indigenous spirits, and folk heroes. Folk saints occur throughout the Catholic world, and they are especially popular in Latin America, where most have small followings; a few are celebrated at the national or even international level.
Ernst Börngen
Ernst Börngen (7 February 1916 – 30 June 1989) was a Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. Börngen claimed 41 victories in 450 missions. Bergen held positions of Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) and Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) in Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing). He was severely injured in combat 19 May 1944, losing one arm, when he rammed a bomber.

Gruppenkommandeur
Gruppenkommandeur is a Luftwaffe position (not rank), that is the equivalent of a commander of a group or wing in other air forces. A Gruppenkommandeur usually has the rank of Major or Oberstleutnant (Lieutenant Colonel), and commands a Gruppe, which is a sub-unit of a Geschwader. A Gruppe usually consists of three or four Staffeln (each of which is commanded by a Staffelkapitän).
County Borough of Dudley
The County Borough of Dudley was a local government district in the English Midlands from 1865 to 1974. Originally a municipal borough, it became a county borough in 1889,  centred on the main town centre of Dudley, along with the suburbs of Netherton and Woodside. Although surrounded by Staffordshire, the borough was associated with Worcestershire for non-administrative purposes, forming an exclave of the county until 1966, when it was transferred to Staffordshire after an expansion of the borough boundaries. Following local government reorganization in 1974, Dudley took in the boroughs of Halesowen and Stourbridge to form the present-day Metropolitan Borough of Dudley, in the newly formed West Midlands county.

County Borough of Warley
Warley was a short-lived county borough and civil parish in the geographical county of Worcestershire, England, forming part of the West Midlands conurbation. It was formed in 1966 by the combination of the existing county borough of Smethwick with the municipal boroughs of Oldbury and Rowley Regis, by recommendation of the Local Government Commission for England. It was abolished just 8 years later in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, with its area passing to the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell.
Frances K. Smith
Frances K. Smith (19 November 1913 – 22 December 2012) was the founding curator of the Agnes Etherington Art Centre in Kingston, Ontario. Through her series of exhibitions and scholarly catalogues and books of 19th and early 20th century Canadian artists, she made a contribution to the study of the visual arts in Canada. She was recognized by Moncrieff Williamson, an early gallery director in Charlottetown, as almost the only professional curator who was a woman active on the early scene of public art galleries in Canada, 1957 on. "How much southern Ontario owes these people", he wrote.

Moncrieff Williamson
Moncrieff Willliamson (Crieff) CM RCA LL. D. FRSA FCMA (November  23, 1915  –  August  12, 1996) was a Canadian gallery director, curator, art historian and author of biographies, a mystery and poetry as well as an educator, teaching fine art at universities and lecturing.
Independencia Municipality, Anzoátegui
The Independencia Municipality is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the eastern Venezuelan state of Anzoátegui and, according to the 2011 census by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 30,016. The town of Soledad is the shire town of the Independencia Municipality.

Anzoátegui
Anzoátegui State (Spanish: Estado Anzoátegui, IPA: [esˈtaðo ansoˈateɣi]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela, located in the northeastern region of the country. Anzoátegui is well known for its beaches that attract many visitors. Its coast consists of a single beach approximately 100 km (62 mi) long. Its capital is the city of Barcelona, and significant cities include Puerto la Cruz and El Tigre.
Daifugō
Daifugō (大富豪, Grand Millionaire, Very Rich Man), Daihinmin (大貧民, Grand Pauper), Fool, or Tycoon, is a Japanese shedding-type card game for three or more players played with a standard 52-card pack. The objective of the game is to get rid of all the cards one has as fast as possible by playing progressively stronger cards than those of the previous player. The winner is called the daifugō (the grand millionaire) earning various advantages in the next round, and the last person is called the daihinmin (the grand pauper). In that following round, winners can exchange their one or more unnecessary cards for advantageous ones that losers have.

The game is very similar to the Hong Kong climbing card games Big Two, and the Chinese game Zheng Shangyou, to the Vietnamese game Tien Len, and to Western card games like President and The Great Dalmuti. Like those other games, there are many variations and rules.

Zheng Shangyou
Zheng Shangyou (Chinese: 争上游; pinyin: Zhēng Shàngyóu; lit. 'struggling upstream') is a Chinese shedding card game similar to President and Big Two. It is the game from which Tien Len and other similar games are derived. It is popular in Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu.
Bourbon-Penthièvre
The House of Bourbon-Penthièvre was an illegitimate branch of the French House of Bourbon, thus descending from the Capetian dynasty. It was founded by the duc de Penthièvre (1725–1793), the only child and heir of the comte de Toulouse, the youngest illegitimate son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan, and his wife, Marie Victoire de Noailles, the daughter of Anne Jules de Noailles, duc de Noailles.

Louis Charles, Count of Eu
Louis Charles de Bourbon, Count of Eu (15 October 1701 – 13 July 1775) was a grandson of Louis XIV and his maîtresse-en-titre Madame de Montespan. He was the last member of the legitimised house of Maine branch of the House of Bourbon, a legitimised, cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty.
Outback Vampires
Outback Vampires is a 1987 Australian comedy horror film directed by Colin Eggleston. It features Richard Morgan, Angela Kennedy, Brett Climo and Richard Carter. It was written by Colin Eggleston and David Young. It was filmed in Yarralumla, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

In the film, a trio of travelers are stranded in a strange small town. They are instructed by the locals to visit the mansion of a local aristocrat. The visitors discover that the house is occupied by a family of eccentric undead people, that the mansion's design keeps changing, and that the haunted house is seemingly celebrating a never-ending Christmas.

Undead
The undead are beings in mythology, legend, or fiction that are deceased but behave as if they were alive. A common example of an undead being is a corpse reanimated by supernatural forces, by the application of either the deceased's own life force or that of a supernatural being (such as a demon, or other evil spirit). The undead may be incorporeal (ghosts) or corporeal (mummies, vampires, skeletons,  and zombies).

The undead are featured in the belief systems of most cultures, and appear in many works of fantasy and horror fiction. The term is also occasionally used for real-life attempts to resurrect the dead with science and technology, from early experiments like Robert E. Cornish's to future sciences such as "chemical brain preservation" and "cryonics." While the term usually refers to corporeal entities, in some cases (for example, in Dungeons & Dragons), the term also includes incorporeal forms of the dead, such as ghosts.
Khamkhins
Khamkhins (Ingush: Хамхой, romanized: Khamkhoy), also known as Ghalghaï, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, which was located in the upper reaches of the Assa River. The Khamkhin society, like the Tsorin society, was formed from the former "Ghalghaï society" as a result of the transfer of rural government to Khamkhi.

The Khamkhin society continued to be synonymously called "Ghalghaï", after the name of the historical region "Ghalghaïche", on the territory of which the society was formed. The name "Ghalghaïche" in turn comes from the self-name of the Ingush - "Ghalghaï", which had a central and broad meaning in Ingushetia, being a common self-name for other Ingush societies, united by a common territory, common language and culture.

Ghalghai
Ghalghai (Ingush: pl. гIалгIай, [ˈʁəlʁɑj], sg. гIалгIа, [ˈʁəlʁɑ]) is the self-name (endonym) of the Ingush people.

There's no consensus among scholars on the etymology of the ethnonym as there exists different theories and speculations on its etymology. However, it is most often associated with the word "ghalā" (гIала), meaning "tower" or "fortress" and the plural form of the suffix of person, "gha" (гIа), thus, translated as "people/inhabitants of towers". It is also associated by some scholars with the ancient Gargareans and Gelae mentioned in the classical sources.

In Georgian sources, the ethnonym is mentioned in the form of Gligvi as an ethnonym during the reign of Mirian I, as well as the ruler of Kakheti Kvirike III. In Russian sources, "Ghalghai" first becomes known in the second half of the 16th century, in the form of "Kalkans/Kolkans", "Kalkan people".
The Rapture (1954 film)
The Rapture (Spanish: El rapto) is a 1954 Mexican drama film directed by Emilio Fernández and starring Jorge Negrete, María Félix, and Andrés Soler. The film's two stars had recently married, and this was used in advertising publicity. It was made at the Estudios Churubusco in Mexico City.

Jorge Negrete
Jorge Alberto Negrete Moreno (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxoɾxe neˈɣɾete]; 30 November 1911 – 5 December 1953) was a Mexican singer and actor. He specialized in the musical genre of ranchera. His posthumous album "Fiesta Mexicana Volumen II" has been ranked No. 163 by critics on their list of the greatest Latin albums of all time.
Susan M. Carney
Susan M. Carney (born June 17, 1961) is an American attorney and jurist. She has served as the chief justice of the Supreme Court of Alaska since 2025, while concurrently serving as an associate justice of the court. She was appointed on May 12, 2016, she was sworn in on August 26, 2016. In November 2024, she was named chief justice after the mandatory retirement of then-Chief Justice Peter J. Maassen.

Peter J. Maassen
Peter Jon Maassen (born January 14, 1955) is an American lawyer who served as the chief justice of the Alaska Supreme Court from 2023 to 2025. He was appointed in 2012, serving concurrently as an associate justice until 2025.
Herbert E. Grier
Herbert Earl Grier (July 3, 1911 — March 17, 1999) was an American electrical engineer. While starting his engineering career with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the 1930s to 1940s, Grier co-invented a 
miniature stroboscope and handheld flash with Harold Edgerton and Kenneth Germeshausen. During World War II, Grier built a firing mechanism during the Manhattan Project that was used in the Fat Man bomb.

After he, Edgerton and Germeshausen created EG&G in 1947, Grier was involved in several nuclear tests including Operation Sandstone and Operation Ranger. With EG&G, Grier was president until 1976 and served as a consultant from 1983 to 1994. Apart from electrical engineering, he took part in NASA safety boards that assessed Skylab and the preparation of the first Space Shuttle. Grier was awarded the NASA Distinguished Service Medal in 1985 and the National Medal of Science in 1989.

Stroboscope
A stroboscope, also known as a strobe, is an instrument used to make a cyclically moving object appear to be slow-moving, or stationary. It consists of either a rotating disk with slots or holes or a lamp such as a flashtube which produces brief repetitive flashes of light.  Usually, the rate of the stroboscope is adjustable to different frequencies.  When a rotating or vibrating object is observed with the stroboscope at its vibration frequency (or a submultiple of it), it appears stationary.  Thus stroboscopes are also used to measure frequency.

The principle is used for the study of rotating, reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating objects.  Machine parts and vibrating string are common examples.  A stroboscope used to set the ignition timing of internal combustion engines is called a timing light.
Michael Danilczuk
Michael Danilczuk (Polish: Michał Danilczuk, born 14 February 1992 in Białystok) is a Polish dancer and choreographer best known for winning the second season of the BBC One competition series, The Greatest Dancer with his partner, Jowita Przystał. He is also a professional dancer on the Polish and Irish versions of Strictly Come Dancing.

Dancing with the Stars (Irish TV series)
Dancing with the Stars is an Irish reality television series, airing on RTÉ One, that started on 8 January 2017. It is currently hosted by Jennifer Zamparelli and Laura Fox, who is standing in for Doireann Garrihy while she is on maternity leave. The show is based on the original UK version, Strictly Come Dancing, and is part of the Dancing with the Stars franchise. The judging panel currently consists of Arthur Gourounlian, Oti Mabuse, Karen Byrne and Brian Redmond.