hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
In physics, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a form of terahertz spectroscopy using short pulses of terahertz radiation. The generation and detection scheme is sensitive to the sample's effect on both the amplitude and the phase of the terahertz radiation.

Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.
Bem Simples
BemSimples ("Quite Simple" in English) was a Brazilian television channel owned and operated by Fox International Channels and by Fox International Channels Portugal in Portugal. The channel has programming geared primarily to entertainment, female, with programs dedicated to cuisine, fashion, babies, among other things, the program schedule consists mainly of programs 30 minutes on average.

Formerly, BemSimples was a timeshare channel distributed on Fox Life from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m between 2010 and March 1, 2011, when it gained its own channel.

The channel is a franchise channel of the Argentine Utilisima, launched in 2008, 60% of its programming is national, and 40% are dubbing the channel of the Argentine Confluence is the 12th channel of the Fox.

All programs are issuing the documents produced in Argentina.

In 2014, the carriage of Bem Simples was merged with Fox Life, and the network was discontinued fully at the end of May 2014.

Fox Life
Fox Life, now rebranded as Star Life and FX Life, was an international pay television network, launched by the Fox Networks Group in 2004. The network has been discontinued in several markets over time.

The network's scheduling has varied with each version, ranging from traditional entertainment programming, including television series, sitcoms and movies, among others, original programming in certain regions, and instructional and aspirational reality television on some other variations; in North America for instance, the network carried mainly Spanish language dubbed versions of American reality shows and instructional programming. The channel has been owned by International Operations division of The Walt Disney Company since March 2019.
Fetherston baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Fetherston, one in the Baronetage of England and one in the Baronetage of Ireland. Both are extinct.

The Fetherston Baronetcy of Blakesware, Hertfordshire was created in the Baronetage of England for Heneage Fetherston on 4 Dec 1660.

The Fetherston Baronetcy of Ardagh, County Longford was created in the Baronetage of Ireland for Ralph Fetherston on 4 August 1776.

Sir Ralph Fetherston, 1st Baronet
Sir Ralph Fetherston, 1st Baronet (died May 1780) was an Anglo-Irish politician.

Fetherstone represented County Longford in the Irish House of Commons from 1765 to 1768. Between 1768 and his death in 1780 he represented St Johnstown. On 4 August 1776 he was created a baronet, of Ardagh in the Baronetage of Ireland. On his death his title passed to his son, Thomas Fetherston.
Horn OK Please (song)
"Horn OK Please" is the fifth single released from the soundtrack of the Dedh Ishqiya. The song is composed by Vishal Bhardwaj, the composer and co-producer of the film with the lyrics written by long-term collaborator Gulzar, performed by Yo! Yo! Honey Singh, Sukhwinder Singh and with backing vocals by Anushka Manchanda. The single has a theme of Babban searching for Khalujaan after separation being explored.

The song marks the first time collaboration of Gulzar with Honey Singh, who voices Warsi.

Yo Yo Honey Singh
Hirdesh Singh (born 15 March 1983), known professionally as Yo Yo Honey Singh, is an Indian singer, music producer and actor. He commenced his career as a hip-hop music producer in 2003, working as a session and recording artist within the underground music scene until the release of his debut studio album, International Villager.
Syed Samsam Bukhari
Syed Samsam Ali Shah Bukhari  (Urdu: سید صمصام علی شاہ بخاری) (born 20 April 1967) is a Pakistani politician and a former Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from NA-145 (Okara-III) for the Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians. He is from the village of Karmanwala, Okara District and resides in Lahore, Punjab.
He was a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from October 2018 till January 2023.
He had been Provincial Minister of Punjab for Information and Culture  from 6 March 2019 to 19 July 2019 after resignation of Fayyaz ul Hassan Chohan.
On 20 July 2020, he was appointed provincial minister of Punjab for Fisheries and Wildlife and stayed in that role until April 2022.

Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians
The Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians (PPPP) is a Pakistani political party and an electoral extension of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). It was created in 2002 by Amin Fahim after Pervez Musharraf's government imposed restrictions on the PPP and its chairperson Benazir Bhutto to participate in Pakistani politics.

In January 2017, Asif Ali Zardari was elected as the President of PPPP.
Pratyaya Amrit
Pratyaya Amrit (7 July 1967) is an Indian Administrative Service officer from Bihar cadre who is now serving as the Chief Secretary of Bihar. Known for streamlining the functioning of the electricity department and building roads and bridges in Bihar for which he got Prime Minister's Award for Excellence in Public Administration.

Bihar State Power Holding Company Limited
Bihar State Power Holding Company Limited (BSPHCL), formerly Bihar State Electricity Board (BSEB) is a state-owned electricity regulation board operating within the state of Bihar in India. BSEB was established in 1958 as a statutory corporation under the Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948. As of November 2012, BSEB has nearly 1,700 officers and 14,850 employees. The derated capacity comes to just 530 MW. The BSEB was unbundled on 2 August 2011. Power Finance Corporation was the main consultant for BSEB's restructuring.

BSEB formally started functioning as 5 companies on 1 November 2012, namely:

Bihar State Power Generation Company Limited (generation business)

Bihar State Power Transmission Company Limited (transmission business)

North Bihar Power Distribution Company Limited (distribution business)

South Bihar Power Distribution Company Limited (distribution business)

Bihar State Power Holding Company Limited (apex holding company)
Project Catwalk series 1
The first series of Project Catwalk premiered on 12 January 2006, featured 12 fashion designers in a competition finding who was the most talented for fashion designers. Elizabeth Hurley was the host of this series and was judged by a panel including designer Julien Macdonald and Elle editor-in-Chief Lorraine Candy. The series narrator was Fiona Allen.

Kirsty Doyle is the winner of the competition. She received a mentorship from Topshop, featured in the British version of Elle and a cash prizes of £20,000 courtesy from Tecni.Art Styling.

Project Catwalk
Project Catwalk is a competitive reality television show focusing on fashion design. In the UK it is shown on the digital station Sky One. The show follows a group of fashion designers as they compete against each other to avoid being "the next fashion victim" and win the competition. The programme is based upon the US reality show Project Runway. The show was cancelled after the third series.
Yevgeny Matveyev
Yevgeny Semyonovich Matveyev (Russian: Евгений Семёнович Матвеев, Ukrainian: Євген Семенович Матвеев; 8 March 1922 – 1 June 2003) was a Soviet and Russian actor and film director who was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1974. He is best known as Nagulnov in Virgin Soil Upturned, based on Mikhail Sholokhov's novel; and Nekhludov in Resurrection (Russian: Воскресение), based on Leo Tolstoy's novel.

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Live Rope
Live Rope is a 2024, and the overall tenth, live album by American experimental rock band Swans. Released in full as a USB "credit card" as well as in edited forms on CD and vinyl, the album served as a fundraiser for the seventeenth studio album Birthing and was their first live album since 2017's Deliquescence. The album comprises recordings from the band's tour supporting their previous album The Beggar, which took place from May 2023 to May 2024, and contains transformed material from that album as well as Leaving Meaning and Birthing.

Unlike previous fundraiser albums (with the exception of We Rose from Your Bed with the Sun in Our Head), which were released in limited quantities, the regular CD version of Live Rope was eventually announced to be made available perpetually as a live album in its own right. The vinyl and USB releases were limited to 1,000 and 1,300 copies respectively.

The Beggar (album)
The Beggar is the sixteenth studio album by the American experimental rock band Swans. It was released by Mute and Young God Records on June 23, 2023. Written during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was recorded at Candy Bomber Studio in Berlin, Germany, across 2022, with key collaborators of front man Michael Gira, as well as both past and present members of the band. The announcement of the album coincided with the release of its lead single, "Paradise Is Mine", as well as the announcement of a world tour. The Beggar was preceded and funded by the acoustic demo album Is There Really a Mind? (2022).
Diethyl dixanthogen disulfide
Diethyl dixanthogen disulfide (DEXD) is the organosulfur compound with the formula (C2H5OC(S)S)2. It is one of the most common dixanthogen disulfides, compounds of the type (ROC(S)S)2 (R = alkyl).  A yellow solid,  It is obtained by oxidation of sodium ethylxanthate or potassium ethylxanthate.

According to X-ray crystallography, the two C2H5OC(S)S) groups in solid diethyl dixanthogen disulfide are planar and are linked by a disulfide bond.  The C-S-S-C dihedral angle is near 90°, as is common for acyclic disulfides.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
Guy St-Julien
Guy St-Julien (born February 19, 1940) is a Canadian politician. He is a former director of human resources and a senior clerk. St-Julien was born in Val-d'Or, Quebec.

St-Julien was a member of the Liberal Party of Canada in the House of Commons of Canada, representing the riding of Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik from 2000 to 2004, and Abitibi as a Liberal from 1997 to 2000 and as a Progressive Conservative from 1984 to 1993.

He lost his seat (now called Nunavik—Eeyou) in the 2004 election to Bloc Québécois candidate Yvon Lévesque.

Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou
Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou (formerly known as Abitibi, Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik and Nunavik—Eeyou) is a federal riding in the province of Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1968. Since the 2025 federal election, its Member of Parliament (MP) has been Mandy Gull-Masty of the Liberal Party of Canada.

The riding of Abitibi was created in 1966 (ahead of the 1968 election), before it was renamed Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik in 1998. It was abolished in 2003 (ahead of the 2004 election); most of its territory was incorporated into Nunavik—Eeyou, which was then renamed Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou in 2004.
Cleanskin (film)
Cleanskin is a 2012 British spy thriller film written and directed by Hadi Hajaig and starring Sean Bean, Abhin Galeya, Charlotte Rampling, James Fox, Tuppence Middleton, Shivani Ghai and Michelle Ryan. The story is set in London. The film's title, "cleanskin", is a term for an undercover operative unknown to his or her targets, or, as more commonly used in the United Kingdom following the London bombings, an extremist with no previous convictions, so unknown to national security's services.

Covert operation
A covert operation, clandestine operation or undercover operation is a military or police operation involving a covert agent or troops acting under an assumed cover to conceal the identity of the party responsible.: 5–6
Zyhdi Ohri
Zyhdi Ohri (1870 – 1931), also known as Zuhdi bey Ohri was a 19th-century Albanian patriot, politician, and lawyer. He was a representative of Ohrid and Struga in the Assembly of Vlora held on November 28, 1912, and one of the 40 signatories of the Albanian Declaration of Independence.

Struga
Struga (Macedonian: Струга [ˈstruɡa] ⓘ; Albanian: Strugë, Albanian definite form: Struga) is a town and popular tourist destination situated in the south-western region of North Macedonia, lying on the shore of Lake Ohrid. The town of Struga is the seat of Struga Municipality.
Bergenwood, North Bergen
Bergenwood is a long narrow district of North Bergen, New Jersey in the northern central part of the township between Kennedy Boulevard and Tonnelle Avenue, characterized by the steep slopes on the west side of the Hudson Palisades as they descend to the New Jersey Meadowlands.

New Jersey Meadowlands
New Jersey Meadowlands, also known as the Hackensack Meadowlands after the main river flowing through it, is a general name for a large ecosystem of wetlands in northeastern New Jersey in the United States, a few miles west of New York City. Over the 20th century, much of the Meadowlands area was urbanized, and it became known for large landfills and decades of environmental abuse. A variety of projects began in the late 20th century to restore and conserve the remaining ecological resources in the Meadowlands.
Kwabena Okyere Darko-Mensah
Kwabena Okyere Darko-Mensah (born 18 June, 1974 in Takoradi, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana) is a Ghanaian politician and the current Member of Parliament for the  Takoradi constituency in the Western Region of Ghana. He had his secondary education at the Mfantsipim School. He is a member of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) and the Deputy Minister for Aviation in Ghana. Author of Discover Western Region (Tourism guide) and 9.9 lessons. He is the founder and promoter of the “Kobby Youth Investment Initiative” in Takoradi, Western Region of Ghana.

Takoradi (Ghana parliament constituency)
Takoradi is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Kwabena Okyere Darko-Mensah  is the member of parliament for the constituency. He was elected on the ticket of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) won a majority of 11,043 votes to become the MP. The former MP for the constituency was Hon. Madam Gladys Asma. Who retired from active politics before the 2008 parliamentary elections.
Pakistani meat dishes
Meat plays a much more dominant role in Pakistani cuisine as compared to other South Asian cuisines. The most popular are chicken, lamb, beef, goat, and fish. Beef is particularly sought after for kebab dishes or the classic beef shank dish nihari. Seafood is generally not consumed in large amounts, though it is very popular in the coastal areas of Sindh and the Makran coast of Balochistan.

Nihari
Nihari is a stew which consists of slow-cooked meat, mainly a shank cut of beef, lamb and mutton, or goat meat, as well as chicken and bone marrow. It originated in Lucknow, the capital of Awadh under the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent during the 18th-century. It is flavoured with long pepper (pippali), a relative of black pepper and is often served and consumed with naan, roti or rice.
Fredy (footballer, born 1990)
Alfredo Kulembe Ribeiro (born 27 March 1990), known as Fredy, is an Angolan professional footballer who plays as a winger for TFF 1. Lig club Bodrum and the Angola national team.

He achieved totals of 108 games and 11 goals in Portugal's Primeira Liga with Belenenses and B-SAD, while winning the Segunda Liga with the former in 2013. He also played one season in the Dutch Eredivisie with Excelsior and for several years at Antalyaspor in Turkey.

Fredy, who also held Portuguese citizenship and represented the country at youth level, made his senior debut for Angola in 2014. He was part of their squads at the 2019, 2023 and 2025 Africa Cup of Nations.

2012–13 Segunda Liga
The 2012–13 Segunda Liga was the 23rd season of the second-tier of football in Portugal. This season marked a series of changes in the league overall. The league's name was changed back to Segunda Liga from the previous Liga de Honra. A total of 22 teams contested the league, up from 16 in the previous season; 14 of which contested the 2011–12 season, two of which were promoted from the Portuguese Second Division (including a reserve team), one of which was relegated from the 2011–12 Primeira Liga, and five of which were new reserve teams of Primeira Liga clubs.  The reserve teams were not eligible for promotion to the Primeira Liga.
West Chester University
West Chester University of Pennsylvania (WCUPA), commonly known as West Chester University (WCU), is a public research university in West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States. The university is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". With 17,275 undergraduate and graduate students as of 2022, WCU is the largest of the 10 state-owned universities belonging to the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) and the sixth largest university in Pennsylvania. It also maintains a Center City Philadelphia satellite campus on Market Street.

Center City, Philadelphia
Center City includes the central business district and central neighborhoods of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It comprises the area that made up the City of Philadelphia prior to the Act of Consolidation, 1854, which extended the city borders to be coterminous with Philadelphia County.
Josh O'Connor
Joshua Mathias O'Connor (born 20 May 1990) is an English actor. From 2016 to 2019 he had a major role portraying Larry Durrell in ITV's The Durrells. He had his breakthrough playing the lead role of a closeted sheep farmer in Francis Lee's romantic drama God's Own Country (2017), for which he won the BIFA Award for Best Actor.

O'Connor gained wider recognition for his portrayal of Charles, Prince of Wales, in the Netflix drama series The Crown (2019–2020), winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series for the role. He has since starred in the period drama Emma (2020), the crime drama La chimera (2023), the romantic sports film Challengers (2024), heist drama The Mastermind (2025), and murder mystery Wake Up Dead Man (2025).

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series is an award presented by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS). Beginning with 1966, leading actors in drama have competed alone. However, these dramatic performances included actors from miniseries, telefilms, and guest performers competing against main cast competitors. Such instances are marked below:

# – Indicates a performance in a miniseries or television film, before the category's creation

§ – Indicates a performance as a guest performer, before and after the category's creation
Baraashit
Baraashit (Arabic: برعشيت), also spelt Brashit, is a municipality located in the Nabatiye Governorate, in the Bint Jbeil District of southern Lebanon, ca. 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) southeast of Tibnin and about 80 kilometres (50 mi) from Beirut. The village sits on an elevation of 832 metres (2,730 ft) above sea level. The town has a mixed population of Shi'a and Christians.

Lebanese Shia Muslims
Lebanese Shia Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون), historically and communally known as Matāwila (Arabic: متاولة, plural of متوالي mutawāli; pronounced as متوالي metouéle in Lebanese Arabic), are Lebanese people who are adherents of Shia Islam in Lebanon, which plays a major role alongside Lebanon's main Sunni, Maronite and Druze sects. Shiite Muslims in Lebanon are synonymous with Twelver Shi'ism and are distinguished from Alawites and Isma'ilis.

Today, Shiite Muslims constitute around 31.2% of the Lebanese population per the CIA's World Factbook. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Shiites are the only sect eligible for the post of Speaker of Parliament.
Operation Phantom Strike
Operation Phantom Strike was a major offensive launched by the Multi-National Corps – Iraq on 15 August 2007 in a crackdown to disrupt both the al-Qaeda-affiliated Islamic State of Iraq and Shia insurgent operations in Iraq. It consisted of a number of simultaneous operations throughout Iraq focused on pursuing remaining ISI terrorists and Iranian-supported insurgent groups.  It was concluded in January 2008 and followed up with Operation Phantom Phoenix.

Operation Imposing Law
Operation Imposing Law, also known as Operation Law and Order (Arabic: عملية القانون والنظام, romanized: amaliat al-qaanoon wa an-nazaam), Operation Fardh al-Qanoon (Arabic: فرض القانون) or Baghdad Security Plan (BSP), was a joint Coalition-Iraqi security plan conducted throughout Baghdad. Under the Surge plan developed in late 2006, Baghdad was to be divided into nine zones, with Iraqi and American soldiers working side by side to clear each sector of Shiite militias and Sunni insurgents and establish Joint Security Stations so that reconstruction programs could begin in safety. The U.S. military commander in Iraq, David Petraeus, went so far as to say Iraq would be "doomed" if this plan failed. Numerous members of Congress stated the plan was a critical period for the U.S. presence in Iraq.
3rd Air Group
The 3rd Air Group (第三航空隊, Dai-san Kōkūtai) was a unit of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service (IJNAS) during the Pacific War that was involved in the Philippines campaign, Dutch East Indies campaign, air raids on Australia, and the Guadalcanal Campaign. The air group was redesignated as the 202nd Air Group on 1 November 1942.

Dutch East Indies campaign
The Dutch East Indies campaign of 1941–1942 was the conquest of the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) by forces of the Empire of Japan in the early days of the Pacific campaign of World War II. Allied forces attempted unsuccessfully to defend the islands. The East Indies were targeted by the Japanese for their rich oil resources which would become a vital asset during the war. The campaign and subsequent three-and-a-half-year Japanese occupation was also a major factor in the end of Dutch colonial rule in the region.