hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Espacenet
Espacenet (formerly stylized as esp@cenet) is a free online service for searching patents and patent applications. Espacenet was developed by the European Patent Office (EPO) together with the member states of the European Patent Organisation.  Most member states have an Espacenet service in their national language, and access to the EPO's worldwide database, most of which is in English. In 2022, the Espacenet worldwide service claimed to have records on more than 140 million patent publications.

European Patent Organisation
The European Patent Organisation (sometimes abbreviated EPOrg in order to distinguish it from the European Patent Office, one of the two organs of the organisation) is a public international organisation created in 1977 by its contracting states to grant patents in Europe under the European Patent Convention (EPC) of 1973. The European Patent Organisation has its seat at Munich, Germany, and has administrative and financial autonomy. The organisation is independent from the European Union, and has as member states all 27 EU member states along with 12 other European states.

The evolution of the Organisation is inherently linked to that of the European Patent Convention. See European Patent Convention (EPC) for the history of the European patent system as set up by the EPC, operated by the European Patent Office (EPO), and supervised by the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation.
USS Fenimore Cooper
USS Fenimore Cooper was a United States Navy schooner assigned as a ship’s tender to accompany a surveying expedition. After departing from Hampton Roads, Virginia, and navigating the Cape of Good Hope, the expedition traveled throughout the Pacific Ocean accumulating hydrographic information from the South China Sea to the Bering Strait in the Arctic and Alaska.

Subsequently, Fenimore Cooper performed supply operations based out of San Francisco, California, before once again returning to her Pacific Ocean survey work, which continued until she was destroyed in a typhoon off Yokohama, Japan. The crew survived this and was returned to the United States.

Ship's tender
A ship's tender, usually referred to as a tender, is a boat or ship used to service or support other boats or ships. This is generally done by transporting people or supplies to and from shore or another ship.

A second and different meaning for "tender" is small boats carried by larger vessels, to be used either as lifeboats, or as transport to shore, or both.
S. Samar Hasnain
S. Samar Hasnain FInstP, FRSC, is the inaugural Max Perutz professor of Molecular Biophysics at the University of Liverpool. In 1991 he became a Fellow of the Institute of Physics and in 2002 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry. In 1997 he became a Fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences. He became Foreign Fellows of Pakistan Academy of Sciences in 2017.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Sergio García (footballer, born 1989)
Sergio García de la Iglesia (born 8 August 1989) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a forward.

He began his career at Valladolid, playing mostly in their reserves in the Segunda División B. He also represented Salamanca, Zamora, Real Oviedo and Cartagena in the same level, winning the league title with Oviedo in 2014–15.

Real Valladolid Promesas
Real Valladolid Club de Fútbol Promesas is the reserve team of Real Valladolid, a Spanish football club based in Valladolid, in the autonomous community of Castile and León. Founded in 1942, currently plays in Segunda Federación – Group 1, holding home games at the Ciudad Deportiva del Real Valladolid, which seats 1,500 spectators.
Tinkathia System
The Tinkathia System or Teen Kathia System (Hindi: three Kathas), was an economic policy enforced by the East India Company in India. It was practiced largely in Eastern India and in states such as Bihar. The Tinkathia System was challenged by the Champaran Satyagraha led by Mahatma Gandhi, this in turn became a watershed moment in the Indian independence movement and it was based on that peasants had to grow indigo on the 3 parts of the land out of 20 parts.

In other words, a farmer had to grow Indigo in 3 Katha out of 20 Katha (1 Bigha= 20 Katha). In Patna and nearby areas, 1 Katha is equals to 1,361.25 square feet or 151.25 square yard.

Katha (unit)
Katha or Biswa (also spelled kattha or cottah; Hindi: कट्ठा, Assamese: কঠা, Bengali: কাঠা) is a unit of area mostly used for land measurement in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. After metrication in the mid-20th century by these countries, the unit became officially obsolete. But this unit is still in use in much of Bangladesh, Northern India, Eastern India and Nepal. The measurement of katha varies significantly from place to place.

In Purvanchal, 1 Katha = 1,361.25 square feet (126.464 m2) or 151.25 square yard. One Bigha is made up of 5 to 20 Katha. Katha is divided into 20 Dhur and Dhur is subdivided into 20 Dhurki.
Kachankawal Rural Municipality
Kachankawal (Nepali: कचनकवल) is a rural municipality out of 7 rural municipalities of Jhapa District of Koshi Province of Nepal. There are total 15 local administrative units in Jhapa District in which 8 are urban and 7 are rural municipalities.

Kachankawal rural municipality has an area of 110 square kilometres (42 sq mi) and total population according to the 2011 Nepal census is 39,593. The rural municipality was established merging former VDCs: Gherabari, Pathariya, Kechana, Pathamari, Baniyani and Balubadi.

Mr.Kalendra prasad singh Rajbanshi of Nepali Congress has elected as a chairperson of the rural municipality and Mr. Nawaraj Bhattarai of the Nepal Communist Party Yemale party elected for the vice-chairperson after the results of the local level elections held in Nepal on 27 June 2022.

KachanKawal the lowest point of Nepal, which elevation is 58 m above sea level is located in this rural municipality.

Kechana
Kechana  is a village development committee in Jhapa District in the Koshi Province of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4420 people living in 948 individual households.
Derk Boswijk
Derk Geertsz Boswijk (born 8 April 1989) is a Dutch politician serving as a member of the House of Representatives since the 2021 general election. A member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), he previously held a seat in the States of Utrecht from 2015 to 2021 and chaired his party's caucus during the last two of those years.

2021 Dutch general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands from 15 to 17 March 2021 to elect all 150 members of the House of Representatives. Following the elections and lengthy coalition formation talks, the sitting government remained in power.

The elections had originally been scheduled to take place on 17 March; however, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the government decided to open some polling stations two days in advance to ensure safe voting for elderly and immunocompromised citizens. Citizens aged 70 years or older were also given the opportunity to vote by post.
Felix Bernstein & Gabe Rubin
Felix Bernstein (born 1992, New York, NY) and Gabe Rubin (born 1992, New York, NY) are an artist duo whose interdisciplinary work consists of noise, camp, and poet’s theater. The two artists began collaborating in 2010 as students at Bard College, where they both studied film. Bernstein and Rubin have presented film, music, and theater together at MOCA Los Angeles, Issue Project Room, Anthology Film Archives, and the Whitney Museum of American Art.

Their directorial projects have included the film Boyland, featured in the 2015 Brooklyn Film Festival; and Bieber Bathos Elegy, a “hybrid work of musical performance” staged at the Whitney Museum of American Art in 2016. The self-described “ambiguous twosome” has also performed together as a two-piece musical act called Tender Cousins. Bernstein and Rubin’s first joint exhibition, Folie à Deux, opened at David Lewis Gallery Phoenix in June 2018.

Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles
The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MOCA) is a contemporary art museum with two locations in Los Angeles, California. The main branch is located on Grand Avenue in Downtown Los Angeles, near the Walt Disney Concert Hall. MOCA's original space, initially intended as a temporary exhibit space while the main facility was built, is now known as the Geffen Contemporary and located in the Little Tokyo district of downtown Los Angeles. Between 2000 and 2019, it operated a satellite facility at the Pacific Design Center facility in West Hollywood.

The museum's exhibits consist primarily of American and European contemporary art created after 1940. Since the museum's inception, MOCA's programming has been defined by its multi-disciplinary approach to contemporary art.
Salih bin Abdullah al-Humaid
Ṣāleḥ ibn ʻAbd Allāh al-Ḥumayd (Arabic: صالح ابن عبد الله الحميد; born 1949), is a Saudi Islamic scholar and judge, who is currently one of the nine Imams of Grand Mosque of Mecca. He has also been a member of the Assembly of Saudi Arabia since 1993 and served as Speaker of the Majlis al-Shura from February 2002 to February 2009.

He previously served briefly as the President of Religious Affairs of The Two Holy Mosques from 2001 to 2002.

Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia
The Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia (Arabic: مجلس الشورى السعودي, romanized: Majlis aš-Šūrā s-Saʿūdiyy), also known as Majlis ash-Shura or The Shura Council, is the formal advisory body of Saudi Arabia. It was originally founded in 1924 as the National Council (Arabic: المجلس الوطني) during the Sultanate of Nejd, It was later renamed to Consultative Assembly in 1992 following the issuance of the Basic Law of Governance, marking its establishment in its modern form as a legislative advisory body. It is a deliberative assembly that advises the King on issues that are important to the kingdom. It has the power to propose laws to the King of Saudi Arabia and his cabinet to approve it and pass it. It has 150 members, all appointed by the king and chosen "from amongst scholars, those of knowledge, expertise and specialists". Since 2013, the Assembly has included 30 female members out of the total of 150 members, after a 20 percent minimum quota for women was imposed.
Israel Keyes
Israel Keyes (January 7, 1978 – December 1, 2012) was an American serial killer, rapist, bank robber, burglar, arsonist and kidnapper.
He is known to have murdered three persons and law enforcement investigators believe he committed at least eleven other crimes across the United States from the late 1990s to early 2012. Keyes was arrested in March 2012 and died by suicide while awaiting trial. Evidence in his jail cell led the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to believe that Keyes may have murdered many others. Keyes served in the United States Army from 1998 to 2001.

Bank robbery
Bank robbery is the criminal act of stealing from a bank, specifically while bank employees and customers are subjected to force, violence, or a threat of violence. This refers to robbery of a bank branch or teller, as opposed to other bank-owned property, such as a train, armored car, or (historically) stagecoach. It is a federal crime in the United States.

According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, robbery is "the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence or by putting the victim in fear." By contrast, burglary is "unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft."
Welsh Division, Royal Artillery
The Welsh Division, Royal Artillery, was an administrative grouping of garrison units of the Royal Artillery, Artillery Militia and Artillery Volunteers in the British Army's Western District from 1882 to 1889.

Western Division, Royal Artillery
The Western Division, Royal Artillery, was an administrative grouping of garrison units of the Royal Artillery, Artillery Militia and Artillery Volunteers within the British Army's Western District from 1882 to 1902.
Napa County wine
Napa County wine refers to the viticulture and winemaking in Napa County, California, United States. The vast majority of Napa County's 45,275 acres (18,322 ha) cultivated land is within the boundaries of the world-famous Napa Valley American Viticultural Area (AVA) and its numerous sub-appellations. The portion of the county that falls outside of the boundaries of the Napa Valley AVA is northeast of the Chiles Valley AVA, where few grapes are cultivated.

Few wines are produced that carry a Napa County appellation of origin designation, as almost every wine produced from grapes grown in the county is eligible for release with the more commercially profitable Napa Valley AVA designation. The most common use of Napa County on a wine label is when a wine has been produced from grapes grown in two or more counties, such as Sonoma County and Napa County. In such a case, the wine label must indicate what percentage of grapes were sourced from each county.

American Viticultural Area
An American Viticultural Area (AVA) is a designated wine grape-growing region in the United States, providing an official appellation for the mutual benefit of wineries and consumers. Winemakers frequently want their consumers to know about the geographic pedigree of their wines, as wines from a particular area can possess distinctive characteristics. Consumers often seek out wines from specific AVAs, and certain wines of particular pedigrees can claim premium prices and loyal customers. If a wine is labeled with an AVA, at least 85% of the grapes that make up the wine must have been grown in the AVA, and the wine must be fully finished within the state where the AVA is located.
Kakuriyo: Bed & Breakfast for Spirits
Kakuriyo: Bed & Breakfast for Spirits (かくりよの宿飯, Kakuriyo no Yadomeshi; lit. "Afterlife Inn Cooking") is a Japanese light novel series written by Midori Yūma and illustrated by Laruha. Fujimi Shobo have published thirteen volumes from April 2015 to October 2025 under their Fujimi L Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Waco Ioka has been serialized in Enterbrain's josei manga magazine B's Log Comic since April 2016. It has been collected in twelve tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation by Gonzo aired from April to September 2018. A second season by Gonzo and Makaria aired from October to December 2025.

B's Log
B's LOG (sometimes stylized as B's-LOG) is a Japanese gaming magazine, published in both print and digital formats, by Kadokawa Game Linkage (via Enterbrain), aimed at the female market. Games covered in this publication typically fall into the otome and BL genres. According to parent company Kadokawa, it has a circulation of 90,000; its readerbase is 99% female with an average age of 22.

A renewal issue was published on July 20, 2020, with a focus on idols that appear in games.
Ásta Árnadóttir
Ásta Árnadóttir (born 9 June 1983) is an Icelandic footballer who plays the position of defender. Ásta was part of Iceland's national team and was a member of the squad at UEFA Women's Euro 2009. Ásta has played for Tyresö FF in Sweden. She returned to Iceland to Valur in December 2009 but was undecided on whether she would play any more football. She played one game during the 2010 season, which ended up being the national championship clinching game.

She returned to the field in 2016 when she played for Knattspyrnufélagið Hlíðarendi in the 1. deild kvenna. In 2018 she joined Augnablik and helped the team win the 2. deild kvenna and achieve promotion to the 1. deild kvenna.

She was known for her flick-flack throw-ins and recorded a video for UEFA Training Ground series, demonstrating the technique.

Iceland women's national football team
The Iceland women's national football team (Icelandic: Íslenska kvennalandsliðið í knattspyrnu) represents Iceland in international women's football. They are currently ranked as the 14th best women's national team in the world by FIFA as of June 2025.
Redha Tukar
Redha Hassan Tukar Fallatha (Arabic: رضا حسن تُكر فلاتة; born 29 November 1975 in Medina) is a Saudi Arabian former footballer who played as a defender for Al Ittihad.

Tukar started his career at second division with Ohod before joining Al-Shabab, with whom he won the 2000–01 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. He subsequently moved to Al Ittihad and was part of the 2005 AFC Champions League winners.

He was also a member of the Saudi Arabia national team and was called up to the squad to participate in the 2006 FIFA World Cup. He also participated in the 2002 FIFA World Cup.

2005 AFC Champions League
The 2005 AFC Champions League was the 24th edition of the top-level Asian club football tournament and the 3rd edition under the current AFC Champions League title. The championship was retained by the Saudi Arabian club Al-Ittihad with a 5–3 aggregate victory over Al Ain from the United Arab Emirates. Following a 1–1 draw at the Tahnoun bin Mohammed Stadium in Al Ain in the first leg, Al-Ittihad recorded a 4–2 victory at the Prince Abdullah Al Faisal Stadium in Jeddah to lift the trophy for the second consecutive season. They also qualified for the 2005 FIFA Club World Cup.
Manding region
Manding, Manden or even Mandé is a region located in West Africa, a space between southern Mali and eastern Guinea. It is the historic home of the Mandinka community.

The Malinke are at the origin of the foundation of the largest empires in West Africa. Among the many groups linked to or originating from Manding, there are the Bambara, the Dyula, the Khassonke, the Konianké, the Mahou, Koyaka, the Dafing, the Bobo-Dioula and the Kuranko.

Bambara people
The Bambara (Bambara: ߓߡߊߣߊ߲, romanized: Bamana or ߓߊ߲ߡߊߣߊ߲ Banmana) are a Mandé ethnic group native to much of West Africa, primarily southern Mali, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Burkina Faso and Senegal. They have been associated with the historic Bambara Empire. Today, they make up the largest Mandé ethnic group in Mali, with 80% of the population speaking the Bambara language, regardless of ethnicity.
Katrín Ómarsdóttir
Katrín Ómarsdóttir (born 27 June 1987) is an Icelandic football coach and former player who played the midfielder position. Before spending four seasons in the English FA WSL with Liverpool and Doncaster Rovers Belles from 2013, she had played professional football in Sweden and the United States. Katrín has over 60 caps for Iceland's national team and represented her country at the 2009 and 2013 editions of the UEFA Women's Championship.

UEFA Women's Euro 2013
The 2013 UEFA Women's Championship, commonly referred to as the 2013 Women's Euros or just the 2013 Euros, was the 11th European Championship for women's national football teams organised by UEFA. The final tournament, held in Sweden from 10 to 28 July 2013, became the most-watched in the history of the Women's Euros. It concluded with Germany, the defending champions, winning their sixth consecutive and record-extending eighth overall Women's Euro title after defeating Norway in the final.

Sweden was selected as hosts by UEFA's Executive Committee in 2010, meaning their team automatically qualified for the final tournament. The other eleven finalists were decided by a qualifying competition, featuring 44 teams, staged between March 2011 to October 2012. It was the last time the finals featured twelve teams, as from 2017 onwards they would be expanded to include sixteen teams.
Daryll Neita
Daryll Saskia Neita (born 29 August 1996) is a British sprinter. She won a silver medal in the 200 metres at the 2024 European Championships along with bronze in the 100 metres at the 2022 European Championships, 2022 Commonwealth Games and in the 60 metres at the 2023 European Indoor Championships. She has also won several medals as part of Great Britain 4 × 100 m relay teams, including an Olympic silver medal in 2024 and bronze medals in 2016 and 2021, World Championships silver medals in 2017 and 2019 and European gold in 2018.

Her 60 metres indoor best of 7.05 seconds and 100 metres best of 10.90 seconds achieved at the 2023 ISTAF Indoor and 2022 Commonwealth Games respectively puts her second on the relevant UK all-time lists behind Dina Asher-Smith. Neita is a five-time British national champion, twice outdoors over 100 m, twice outdoors over 200 m, and once indoors over 60 m.

2017 World Championships in Athletics
The 2017 IAAF World Championships, the sixteenth edition of the IAAF World Championships, were held from 4 to 13 August at London Stadium in London, United Kingdom. London was officially awarded the championships on 11 November 2011.
Cloacibacillus evryensis
Cloacibacillus evryensis is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, mesophilic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Cloacibacillus which has been isolated from sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant in Évry, France.

Mesophile
A mesophile is an organism that grows best in moderate temperature, neither too hot nor too cold, with an optimum growth range from 20 to 45 °C (68 to 113 °F). The optimum growth temperature for these organisms is 37 °C (about 99 °F). The term is mainly applied to microorganisms.  Organisms that prefer extreme environments are known as extremophiles. Mesophiles have diverse classifications, belonging to two domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and to kingdom Fungi of domain Eukarya.  Mesophiles belonging to the domain Bacteria can either be gram-positive or gram-negative. Oxygen requirements for mesophiles can be aerobic or anaerobic. There are three basic shapes of mesophiles: coccus, bacillus, and spiral.
Snake H/ACA box small nucleolar RNA
In molecular biology, Snake H/ACA box small nucleolar RNA refers to a number of very closely related non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes identified in snakes which have been predicted to be small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). This type of ncRNA is involved in the biogenesis of other small nuclear RNAs and are often referred to as 'guide' RNAs. They are usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis.

These snoRNA genes were initially identified in the introns of the cardiotoxin 4 and cobrotoxin genes of the Taiwan cobra (Bungarus multicinctus) and the Taiwan banded krait (Bungarus multicinctus) during sequencing of these genes. These snoRNAs are predicted to act as H/ACA box type methylation guides as they have the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure and extended regions of complementarity to 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

Small nucleolar RNA
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules in the nucleolus that primarily guide chemical modifications of other RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with methylation, and the H/ACA box snoRNAs, which are associated with pseudouridylation.
SnoRNAs are commonly referred to as guide RNAs but should not be confused with the guide RNAs that direct RNA editing in trypanosomes or the guide RNAs (gRNAs) used by Cas9 for CRISPR gene editing.
David Agry
David Agry (August 2, 1794 – January 30, 1877) was an American lawyer, jurist, and legislator. He served as a member of the Wisconsin Territorial House of Representatives and the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Wisconsin Territory
The Territory of Wisconsin was an organized and incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 3, 1836, until May 29, 1848, when an eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin. Belmont was initially chosen as the capital of the territory. In 1837, the territorial legislature met in Burlington, just north of the Skunk River on the Mississippi, which became part of the Iowa Territory in 1838. In that year, 1838, the territorial capital of Wisconsin was moved to Madison.