hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivan Kostov Nikolov
Ivan Kostov Nikolov (Bulgarian: Иван Костов Николов)  HonFGS  HonFMinSoc (December 24, 1913 (O.S.) in Plovdiv, Bulgaria – March 31, 2004 in Sofia, Bulgaria), Aka Ivan Kostov, was a Bulgarian geologist, mineralogist and crystallographer.

Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland (now known as the Mineralogical Society of the United Kingdom and Ireland) was founded in 1876. Its main purpose is to disseminate scientific knowledge of the Mineral Sciences (mineralogy) as it may be applied to the fields of crystallography, geochemistry, petrology, environmental science and economic geology. In support of this vision, the society publishes scientific journals, books and monographs. It also organizes and sponsors scientific meetings, and the society connects with other societies which have similar scientific interests. Some of these other societies are the International Mineralogical Association, the European Mineralogical Union, the Mineralogical Society of America, the Mineralogical Association of Canada, the Geological Society of London, IOM3, the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers and the Microbiology Society.
1981 NCAA Division I golf championship
The 1981 NCAA Division I Golf Championship was the 43rd annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf at the University Division level in the United States.

The tournament was held at the Stanford Golf Course in Stanford, California, hosted by Stanford University.

BYU won the team championship, the Cougars' first NCAA title.

Ron Commans, from USC, won the individual title.

Stanford Cardinal
The Stanford Cardinal are the athletic teams that represent Stanford University. Stanford's program has won 137 NCAA team championships, the most of any university. Stanford has won at least one NCAA team championship each academic year for 49 consecutive years, starting in 1976–77 and continuing through 2024–25. Through July 2025, Stanford athletes have won 565 individual NCAA titles.

Stanford has won 26 of the 31 NACDA Directors' Cups, awarded annually to the most successful overall college sports program in the nation, including 25 consecutive Cups from 1994–95 through 2018–19. 177 Stanford-affiliated athletes have won a total of 335 Summer Olympic medals (162 gold, 93 silver, 80 bronze), including 39 medals at the 2024 Paris games.

Stanford's teams compete at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) for college football) level as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).
Derrick Gosselin
Derrick-Philippe, Baron Gosselin (born 1956) is a Belgian engineer and economist. He is chairman of the Belgian Nuclear Sciences Research Center SCK CEN and vice-chairman of the Royal Higher Institute for Defence (RHID). He is on the board of the Von Karman Institute.

Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics
50°45′20.60″N 4°23′10.60″E﻿ / ﻿50.7557222°N 4.3862778°E﻿ / 50.7557222; 4.3862778

The von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) is a non-profit educational and scientific organization which specializes in three specific fields: aeronautics and aerospace, environment and applied fluid dynamics, turbomachinery and propulsion. Founded in 1956, it is located in Sint-Genesius-Rode, Belgium.
Higashi-Chōda Kofun group
Higashi-Chōda Kofun group (東町田墳墓群, Higashi-Chōda funbo-gun) is a cluster of Yayoi period burial mounds located in the Hirui neighborhood of what is now the city of Ōgaki, Gifu Prefecture in the Chūbu region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2017. The site is important as it covers a transitional period between the Yayoi and the later Kofun period.

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
Ministry of Agriculture (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Agriculture (MOA; Chinese: 農業部; pinyin: Nóngyè Bù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lông-gia̍p-pō͘) of Taiwan, formerly the Council of Agriculture, is the ministry under the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in charged with overseeing affairs related to agriculture, forestry, fishery, animal husbandry and food affairs. The COA is actively participating various FAO-led activities.

Executive Yuan
The Executive Yuan (Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China, known commonly as Taiwan, which formerly ruled mainland China until 1949.

The Executive Yuan was founded in 1928. Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.
Brandon Paul
Brandon Stephan Paul (born April 30, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for Elan Chalon of the French LNB Pro A. During his senior year at Warren Township High School, Paul was named Illinois Mr. Basketball for 2009. Paul played college basketball for the Illinois Fighting Illini and became only the second player in program history to record 1,500 points, 500 rebounds, 300 assists and 100 steals.

Élan Chalon
Élan Sportif Chalonnais, commonly known as Élan Chalon, is a French professional basketball club that is based in Chalon-sur-Saône, France. The team's main colors are red and white, and their mascot is a moose. The team's home arena is called Le Colisée, which seats 4,540 spectators.

Founded in 1927, the club has traditionally been playing in the Pro C. In 2012, the club captured its first domestic championship by winning the Pro A Final over Le Mans. In 2013, Élan won its second domestic title. The club has also been a regular in European competitions, as the team has been runners-up in three different FIBA competitions.
Quarter Moon
Quarter Moon (foaled 31 January 1999) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. As a two-year-old in 2001 she showed considerable promise, taking the Group 1 Moyglare Stud Stakes on the second of her two starts. In the following year she failed to win but showed top class form to finish second in four Group 1 races: the Irish 1,000 Guineas, the Epsom Oaks, the Irish Oaks and the Nassau Stakes. After retiring from racing at the end of the year she became a successful broodmare whose foals have included the Pretty Polly Stakes winner Diamondsandrubies.

Irish 1,000 Guineas
The Irish 1,000 Guineas is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to three-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.
Equal Vote Coalition
The Equal Vote Coalition (EVC) is a nonpartisan American electoral reform group that advocates for voting methods including STAR Voting, Approval Voting, and Condorcet voting.

The Equal Vote Coalition argues that Choose One Plurality voting is inherently unequal, leading to an outsized influence of money in politics, hyper-partisan rancor, and widespread electoral disenchantment.

The Equal Vote Coalition's work focuses on educating voters about voting rules and coalition-building in the electoral reform movement. The coalition hosts events such as webinars, monthly chapter meetings, and informational events to engage and mobilize activists.

Approval voting
Approval voting is a single-winner rated voting system where voters can approve of as many candidates as they like instead of choosing one. The method is designed to eliminate vote-splitting while keeping election administration simple and easy-to-count (requiring only a single score for each candidate). Approval voting has been used in both organizational and political elections to improve representativeness and voter satisfaction.

Critics of approval voting have argued the simple ballot format is a disadvantage, as it forces a binary choice for each candidate (instead of the expressive grades of other rated voting rules).
Historic districts in Meridian, Mississippi
1  East End Historic District

2  Highlands Historic District

3  Meridian Downtown Historic District

4  Meridian Urban Center Historic District

5  Union Station Historic District

6  Merrehope Historic District

7  Mid-Town Historic District

8  Poplar Springs Road Historic District

9  West End Historic District

There are nine historic districts in Meridian, Mississippi. Each of these districts is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. One district, Meridian Downtown Historic District, is a combination of two older districts, Meridian Urban Center Historic District and Union Station Historic District. Many architectural styles are present in the districts, most from the late 19th century and early 20th century, including Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Italianate, Art Deco, Late Victorian, and Bungalow.

Merrehope
Merrehope, a 26-room Victorian mansion that currently serves as a historic house museum, was originally built in 1858 by Richard McLemore for his daughter Juriah Jackson. After changing ownership several times, with small alterations from each owner, the house was eventually bought by S.H. Floyd in 1904, who remodelled it into its present appearance. The building was one of few spared by General William Tecumseh Sherman on his raid of the city in the Battle of Meridian, and has served many functions throughout its history, including time as a residence, a shelter for Union officers, a Confederate General's headquarters, an apartment building, and a boarding house. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 and as a Mississippi Landmark in 1995.
Decentralized Administration of Crete
The Decentralized Administration of Crete (Greek: Αποκεντρωμένη Διοίκηση Κρήτης) is one of the seven decentralized administrations of Greece, solely consisting of the region of Crete. Its seat is in Heraklion.

Regions of Greece
The regions of Greece (Greek: περιφέρειες, romanized: periféreies) are the country's thirteen second-level administrative entities, counting decentralized administrations of Greece as first-level. Regions are divided into regional units, known as prefectures until 2011.
Charles Wood (playwright)
Charles Gerald Wood FRSL (6 August 1932 – 1 February 2020) was an English playwright and scriptwriter for radio, television, and film.

His work has been staged at the Royal National Theatre as well as at the Royal Court Theatre and in the theatres of the Royal Shakespeare Company. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1984. Wood served in the 17th/21st Lancers and military themes are found in many of his works.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Hugh Waddell (rugby league)
Hugh Waddell (13 November 1958 – 1 November 2019) was a Scottish professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s as a prop or second-row. He played at representative level for Great Britain, England and Scotland, and at club level for Blackpool Borough, Oldham, Leeds, Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, Sheffield Eagles, Swinton Lions, Wakefield Trinity, Rochdale Hornets, Carlisle, South Wales, and Barrow.

Waddell died on 1 November 2019, at the age of 60.

Swinton Lions
The Swinton Lions are a professional rugby league club based in Swinton, Greater Manchester, England, which competes in the RFL Championship. The club has won the Championship six times and three Challenge Cups. Before 1996, the club was known simply as Swinton RLFC.
Seby Coutinho
Seby Coutinho (5 September 1929 – 9 January 2000) was an Indian actor, playwright, director, composer, dancer, choreographer, and former singer known for his work in Konkani films and tiatr productions.

Tiatr
Tiatr (English: Theatre; Portuguese: Teatro) is a type of musical theatre that is popular in the state of Goa on the west coast of India, as well as in Mumbai and among the Goan expatriate communities in the Middle East, United Kingdom, and other cities with a significant presence of Konkani speakers. The plays are primarily performed in the Romi Konkani dialects and incorporate elements such as music, dance, and singing. Individuals who perform in tiatr are referred to as tiatrists.
Russell, Kentucky
Russell is a home rule-class city on the south bank of the Ohio River in Greenup County, Kentucky, United States. As of the 2020 census, Russell had a population of 3,744. Russell is a suburb of Ashland and part of the Huntington-Ashland-Ironton metropolitan area. It has close economic affiliations with its neighbors, Ashland and Flatwoods in Kentucky and Ironton, Ohio.

Ironton, Ohio
Ironton is a city in Lawrence County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Its population was 10,571 at the 2020 census. Located in southernmost Ohio along the Ohio River, it is 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Huntington, West Virginia, within the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area. The city's name is a contraction of "iron town", stemming from its long ties to the iron industry. It also had one of the first professional football teams, the Ironton Tanks.
Dryandra ser. Aphragma
Dryandra ser. Aphragma is an obsolete series within the former genus Dryandra (now Banksia ser. Dryandra). It was first published at sectional rank by Robert Brown in 1830, and was retained at that rank until 1999, when Alex George demoted it to a series. It was discarded in 2007 when Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele sank Dryandra into Banksia.

Dryandra subg. Hemiclidia
Dryandra subg. Hemiclidia is an obsolete plant taxon that encompassed material that is now included in Banksia. Published at genus rank as Hemiclidia by Robert Brown in 1830, it was set aside by George Bentham in 1870, but reinstated at subgenus rank by Alex George in 1996. In 2007, all Dryandra species were transferred into Banksia at series rank, and the infrageneric Dryandra taxa, including D. subg. Hemiclidia, were set aside.
Wildcat cartridge
A wildcat cartridge, often shortened to wildcat, is a custom-made cartridge for which ammunition and/or firearms are not mass-produced. These cartridges are often created as experimental variants to optimize a certain ballistic performance characteristic (such as the power, size, or efficiency) of an existing commercial cartridge, or may merely be intended as novelty items.

Developing and using wildcat cartridges does not generally serve a purpose in military or law enforcement; it is more a hobby for serious sport shooting, hunting, gunsmithing and handloading enthusiasts, particularly in the United States. There are potentially endless varieties of wildcat cartridge: one source of gunsmithing equipment has a library of over 6,000 different wildcat cartridges for which they produce equipment such as chamber reamers.

Gunsmith
A gunsmith is a person who repairs, modifies, designs, or builds guns. The occupation differs from an armorer, who usually replaces only worn parts in standard firearms. Gunsmiths do modifications and changes to a firearm that may require a very high level of craftsmanship, requiring the skills of a top-level machinist, a very skilled woodworker, and even an engineer. Gunsmiths perform factory-level repairs and renovations to restore well-used or deteriorated firearms to new condition. They may make alterations to adapt sporting guns to better fit the individual shooter that may require extensive modifications to the firearm's stocks and metal parts. Repairs and redesigns may require fabrication and fitting of unavailable parts and assemblies constructed by smiths themselves. Gunsmiths may also renew metal finishes or apply decorative carvings or engravings to guns. Many gun shops offer gunsmithing services on the premises.
William Penterman
William L. Penterman (born May 18, 1996) is an American dairy farmer and Republican politician from Columbus, Wisconsin.  He is a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Wisconsin's 38th Assembly district since 2025; he previously represented the 37th Assembly district from July 2021 through January 2025.

Wisconsin's 37th Assembly district
The 37th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in east-central Wisconsin, the district comprises most of the northern half of Dodge County and part of southern Fond du Lac County.  It includes the cities of Beaver Dam, Fox Lake, Mayville, and Waupun, and the villages of Brownsville, Lomira, Oakfield, and Randolph.  The district also contains the Horicon Marsh State Wildlife Area.  The district is represented by Republican Mark Born, since January 2025; Born previously represented the 39th district from 2013 to 2025.

The 37th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 13th Senate district, along with the 38th and 39th Assembly districts.

Path in the Horicon Marsh State Wildlife Area

Historic Waupun Carnegie Library (now museum) in Waupun

Fox Lake Railroad Depot
Odeon of Lyon
The Odeon of Lyon (French: Odéon antique de Lyon) is a small ancient Roman theatre (an odeon) near the summit of the Fourvière hill in Lyon, France. It forms a pair with the Ancient Theatre of Fourvière, one of only two such pairs in Gaul (the other is in Vienne). Along with other buildings in Lyon, it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998, protecting Lyon's long history as a powerful city and its unique architecture.

Amphitheatre of the Three Gauls
The Amphitheatre of the Three Gauls (French: Amphithéâtre des Trois Gaules) of Lugdunum (Lyon) was part of the Sanctuary of the Three Gauls dedicated to the cult of Rome and Augustus celebrated by the 60 Gallic tribes when they gathered at Lugdunum. In 1961, it was classified as a monument historique.
Victoria Affair
The Victoria Affair (code name Operation Iron Law) was a military operation conducted by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in March 2011 in which the Israeli Navy intercepted the Liberian-flagged container vessel Victoria in the international waters of the Mediterranean Sea, and discovered concealed weapons which, according to the IDF, were destined for Palestinian militant organizations in the Gaza Strip. The vessel was found to be carrying approximately 50 tons of weapons, including C-704 anti-ship missiles, rocket launchers, radar systems, mortar shells and rifle ammunition.

Israeli Navy
The Israeli Navy (Hebrew: חיל הים הישראלי‎, Ḥeil HaYam HaYisraeli, lit. '[The] Israeli Sea Corps'; Arabic: البحرية الإسرائيلية) is the naval warfare service arm of the Israel Defense Forces, operating primarily in the Mediterranean Sea theater as well as the Gulf of Eilat and the Red Sea theater. The current commander of the Israeli Navy is Rear Admiral David Saar Salama. The Israeli Navy is believed to be responsible for maintaining Israel's offshore nuclear second strike capability.
Engin Nurşani
Engin Ayhan (9 January 1984 – 25 December 2020), commonly known as Engin Nurşani, was a Turkish-German folk musician. He started his music career with the Adına Bir Çizik Çektim album in 2003, and released eight albums in total until he had throat cancer in 2019 and took a temporary break from his music career. On 25 December 2020, he died at Istanbul Acıbadem Altunizade Hospital at around 07:00am (UTC+3).

Turkish folk music
Turkish folk music (Turkish: Türk Halk Müziği) is the traditional music of Turkish people living in Turkey influenced by the cultures of Anatolia and former territories in Europe and Asia. Its unique structure includes regional differences under one umbrella. It includes popular music from the Ottoman Empire era. After the foundation of the Turkish Republic in 1923, Turkish President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ordered a wide-scale classification and archiving of samples of Turkish folk music from around the country, which, from 1924 to 1953 collected more than 10,000 folk songs. Traditional folk music was combined with Western harmony and musical notation to create a more modern style of popular Turkish music.
Paseo de la República Avenue
Luis Fernán Bedoya Reyes Expressway (Spanish: Vía Expresa Luis Fernán Bedoya Reyes), also known as Paseo de la República Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Paseo de la República) or as El Zanjón, is the most representative avenue of Lima, Peru. It crosses the districts of Lima, La Victoria, Lince, San Isidro, Surquillo, Miraflores, Barranco and Chorrillos from north to south along 66 blocks. COSAC I of the Metropolitano extends along its entire length, being one of the widest avenues in the city and country.

The avenue begins at the Edificio Rímac, located in the historic centre of Lima, and ends in Barranco District.

Barranco District
Barranco is a district of Lima, Peru. A seaside district of the city, it is considered a bohemian and artistic centre, being the home and working place of many of Peru's leading artists, musicians, designers and photographers. Its beaches are among the most popular within the worldwide surfing community, and a marina completed in 2008 provides state-of-the-art services for its yacht club.

The Monumental Zone of Barranco (Spanish: Zona Monumental de Barranco) is the designation under which most of the district is administered under a special regime that protects the monumental heritage located in the district. The area, alongside its monuments, forms part of the cultural heritage of Peru.
Tuple relational calculus
Tuple calculus is a calculus that was created and introduced by Edgar F. Codd as part of the relational model, in order to provide a declarative database-query language for data manipulation in this data model. It formed the inspiration for the database-query languages QUEL and SQL, of which the latter, although far less faithful to the original relational model and calculus, is now the de facto standard database-query language; a dialect of SQL is used by nearly every relational-database-management system. Michel Lacroix and Alain Pirotte proposed domain calculus, which is closer to first-order logic and together with Codd showed that both of these calculi (as well as relational algebra) are equivalent in expressive power. Subsequently, query languages for the relational model were called relationally complete if they could express at least all of these queries.

Edgar F. Codd
Edgar Frank "Ted" Codd (19 August 1923 – 18 April 2003) was a British computer scientist who, while working for IBM, invented the relational model for database management, the theoretical basis for relational databases and relational database management systems. He won the 1981 ACM Turing Award.