hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monument of Gratitude to France
Monument of Gratitude to France (Serbian: Споменик захвалности Француској, romanized: Spomenik zahvalnosti Francuskoj) in Belgrade's Veliki Kalemegdan Park was formally unveiled on 11 November 1930, the 12th anniversary of the end of the First World War, in the presence of King Alexander and Queen Maria, the royal government, the delegation of the French government, Serbian war veterans, distinguished citizens, associations, schools, and a large crowd of people.

It was noted as one of the first "public monuments on one national territory, where the perception of another (nation) is shown in positive light". It was declared a cultural monument in 1965, and a cultural monument of great significance in 1983.

National heritage site
A national heritage site is a heritage site having a value that has been registered by a governmental agency as being of national importance to the cultural heritage or history of that country. Usually such sites are listed in a heritage register that is open to the public, and many are advertised by national visitor bureaus as tourist attractions.

Usually such a heritage register list is split by type of feature (natural wonder, ruin, engineering marvel, etc.). In many cases a country may maintain more than one register; there are also registers for entities that span more than one country.
175 Park Avenue
175 Park Avenue, formerly known as Project Commodore, is a mixed-use supertall designed by Skidmore, Owings, & Merrill and developed by RXR Realty and TF Cornerstone that is proposed to be built on the former site of the Commodore Hotel, currently the Hyatt Grand Central New York. As currently proposed, the structure would rise to a pinnacle height of 1,581 feet (482 m), with the tower containing office space, a Hyatt hotel, and ground-level and underground retail.

RXR Realty
RXR Realty is a privately held real estate and infrastructure private equity firm based in New York City. As of 2023, its portfolio of commercial, residential, multifamily, infrastructure, and logistics projects includes 91 commercial real estate properties and investments held across the country. RXR employs around 450 people.
RML 9-inch Armstrong Gun
The RML 9-inch Armstrong Gun was a rifled muzzle loading gun, used in substantial numbers by the Dutch navy, the Spanish Navy, and other navies. It should not be confused with the RML 9-inch 12-ton gun, used in the British Royal Navy.

Armstrong gun
An Armstrong gun was a type of rifled breech-loading field and heavy artillery piece designed by Sir William Armstrong. It was first manufactured in England starting in 1855 by the Elswick Ordnance Company and the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich. The Armstrong gun employed a distinctive built-up gun construction method. The core of the gun consisted of a wrought iron (and later, mild steel) inner tube, which was reinforced by a series of wrought-iron coils shrunk over it. This design kept the inner tube under constant compression, increasing its strength and resistance to internal pressure generated during firing.
Charlotte Edwards Cup
The Charlotte Edwards Cup, initially named the Women's Regional T20, was an English and Welsh women's cricket Twenty20 domestic competition, held annually from 2021 to 2024. The tournament was named after England's former captain and most capped player, Charlotte Edwards. It featured eight teams, each representing a region that comprised multiple counties. The Cup was organised by the England and Wales Cricket Board.

The tournament replaced the Women's Cricket Super League, which ended in 2019. A regional T20 tournament was planned for 2020 but was cancelled in favour of the 50-over Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy in the shortened 2020 season, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. From 2021, the Charlotte Edwards Cup ran alongside the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy and The Hundred. In 2024, the Charlotte Edwards Cup had its last edition, and it was replaced in 2025 by the Women's T20 Blast.

England and Wales Cricket Board
The England and Wales Cricket Board (abbreviated as ECB) is the national governing body of cricket in England and Wales. It was formed on 1 January 1997 as a single governing body to combine the roles formerly fulfilled by the Test and County Cricket Board, the National Cricket Association and the Cricket Council. In April 1998 the Women's Cricket Association was integrated into the organisation. The ECB's head offices are at Lord's Cricket Ground in north-west London.

The board oversees all levels of cricket in England and Wales, including the national teams: England Men (Test, One Day International and T20I), England Women, England Lions (Men's second tier), Physical Disability, Learning Disability, Visually Impaired, and Deaf.

Although the organisation is the England and Wales Cricket Board, it is referred to as the ECB, as a result of a decision by those overseeing the transition from the previous bodies.
Laird Super Solution
The Laird LC-DW300 and LC-DW500 Super Solution aka "Sky Buzzard" was a racing biplane built in the early 1930s by Matty Laird for the Cleveland Speed Foundation, Laird was already famous in the air racing circuit.  It had a large radial engine and an extremely faired windshield.  Other than being a biplane, it was similar in appearance to the Gee Bee, a more famous racer from the period.  It was an advanced design for the time because of the relatively clean aerodynamic construction and tight engine cowling.

The Super Solution was the first winner of the Bendix Trophy race from Burbank to Cleveland where it was flown by Maj. James H. Doolittle.

Bendix Trophy
The Bendix Trophy is a U.S. aeronautical racing trophy.  The transcontinental, point-to-point race, sponsored by industrialist Vincent Bendix founder of Bendix Corporation, began in 1931 as part of the National Air Races. Initial prize money for the winners was $15,000. The last Bendix Trophy Race was flown in 1962.

The trophy was brought back in 1998 by AlliedSignal, the then-owner of the Bendix brand name (which later merged with Honeywell), to "recognize contributions to aerospace safety by individuals or institutions through innovation in advanced safety equipment and equipment utilization."

The current awards of the Honeywell Bendix Trophy for Aviation Safety includes a scale reproduction of the original Bendix Trophy design and a citation.
2018 New York's 25th congressional district special election
A special election for New York's 25th congressional district was held following the death of U.S. Representative Louise Slaughter. Democrat Joseph Morelle defeated Republican Jim Maxwell on November 6, 2018.

Joseph Morelle
Joseph D. Morelle (/məˈrɛli/ mə-RELL-ee; born April 29, 1957) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for New York's 25th congressional district since 2018. A Democrat, he was formerly a member of the New York State Assembly representing the 136th Assembly district, which includes eastern portions of the City of Rochester and the Monroe County suburbs of Irondequoit and Brighton. Speaker Sheldon Silver appointed him as majority leader of the New York State Assembly in January 2013 and Morelle served as acting speaker in the Speaker's absence. He was elected to the United States House of Representatives for New York's 25th congressional district in November 2018 following the death of longtime Representative Louise Slaughter.
Simranjit Singh Mann
Simranjit Singh Mann (born 20 May 1945) is a former Indian Police Service officer and a former Member of the Parliament in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India, representing the constituency of Sangrur from 2022 till 2024. He lost elections in 2024 to Gurmeet Singh Meet Hayer. He is the president of the political party Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar). Mann has served three-times as an MP; once from Taran Tarn between 1989 and 1991, and twice from Sangrur between 1999-2004 and between 2022 and 2024.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Qassem Lajami
Qassem Lajami (Arabic: قاسم لاجامي; born 24 April 1996) is a Saudi Arabian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Saudi Pro League side Al-Taawoun, on loan from Al-Qadsiah and the Saudi Arabia national team.

His twin brother Ali is also a professional footballer and as of August 2023 plays as a defender for Saudi Pro League club Al Nassr.

Al Taawoun FC
Al-Taawoun FC (Arabic: نادي التعاون) is a Saudi Arabian professional football and multi-sports club based in Buraidah, Saudi Arabia, that competes in the Saudi Pro League, the top tier of the Saudi football league system.

The club plays its home matches at King Abdullah Sport City Stadium, located in the city of Buraidah, which it shares with city rivals Al-Raed, with whom it contests the Qassim Derby. Additionally, the club uses the smaller Al-Taawoun Stadium for less prominent fixtures. The name "Al Taawoun" translates to "cooperation" in Arabic.
Hilary Mukundane
Hilary Panuel Mukundane (born 9 December 2001) is a Ugandan footballer who plays as a centre-back for Vipers SC and the Uganda national team.

He was nominated for the Airtel FUFA Male Player of the Year 2019, won the Pilsner Uganda Premier League Defender of the 2022–23 season,  and was voted on the Male Best XI - 2024 MTN FUFA Awards.

Uganda Premier League
The Uganda Premier League, known as the StarTimes Uganda Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Uganda and the highest level of the Ugandan football league system. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Federation of Uganda Football Associations (FUFA). Seasons usually run from September to February, with each team playing 30 matches: two against each other team, one home and one away. Most games are played on weekend afternoons, with occasional weekday evening fixtures.

The league was previously known as the Uganda Super League but changed in the 2014–15 season after new management taking over. The league's roots date back to 1968 when the National First Division League was established.
American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association
The American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association (ASLRRA) is an association of North American short line and regional railroads. Founded in 1913, the ASLRRA has a range of members, include a variety of Class II and Class III railroads. The association comprises approximately 550 small businesses, all within the railway transportation industry. The ASLRRA acts as a lobbying group for member railroads, representing them for both legislation and regulation. They are often charged with conducting compliance assessments for their members. Since 1998, they have also been awarding the Jake Award - recognizing railroads for their safety record which had originally been started by L. S. “Jake” Jacobson.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Nikolay Depreradovich
Nikolai Ivanovich Depreradovich  (Russian: Депрерадович, Николай Иванович; Serbian: Никола Прерадовић; 23 October 1767 in Novorossiya, Imperial Russia – 16 December 1843 in St. Peterburg, Imperial Russia) was one of the most decorated Russian generals who fought against Napoleonic France. He was a general of the cavalry and adjutant general who took part both in Napoleonic Wars and Finnish Wars. His family, with roots in Serbian lands, moved to Imperial Russia in 1752.

He played an important role with Illarion Vasilyevich Vasilchikov (1776–1847) in the grand strategy of the Russian Empire after Alexander I ascended the throne.

General of the cavalry
General of the Cavalry (German: General der Kavallerie) was a General officer rank in the cavalry in various states of which the modern states of German and Austria are successors or in other armies which used the German model. Artillery officers of equivalent rank were called "General of the Artillery" (General der Artillerie), and infantry officers of equivalent rank "General of the Infantry" (General der Infanterie).

For more details see:

General of the Cavalry (Austria) for the Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial Army of the Austrian Empire, and Imperial Army of the Austro-Hungarian Empire

General of the Cavalry (Finland) for the Finnish Defence Forces of the Republic of Finland.

General of the Cavalry (Germany) for the German Imperial Army, the interwar Reichswehr, and the Wehrmacht

General of the Cavalry (Imperial Russia) for the Russian Imperial Army of the Russian Empire until 1917–18.
Galleria Umberto (restaurant)
Galleria Umberto is a cash only pizzeria in Boston's North End that specializes in Sicilian-style pizza and was named an America’s Classic by the James Beard Foundation in 2018. They are open only for lunch and when they sell out, they close for the day.

James Beard Foundation
The James Beard Foundation is an American non-profit culinary arts organization based in New York City. It is named after James Beard, a food writer, teacher, and cookbook author. The foundation's programs include guest-chef dinners, scholarships for aspiring culinary students, educational conferences, and industry awards. The foundation develops programs related to American cuisine and the broader culinary industry.

The James Beard Foundation Awards have been described as one of the most prominent awards in the food industry.
Chaim Ozer Grodzinski
Chaim Ozer Grodzinski (Hebrew: חיים עוזר גראדזענסקי; August 24, 1863 – August 9, 1940) was a Av beis din (rabbinical chief justice), posek (halakhic authority), and Talmudic scholar in Vilnius, Lithuania in the late 19th and early 20th centuries for over 55 years. He played an instrumental role in preserving Lithuanian yeshivas during the Communist era, and Polish and Russian yeshivas of Poland and during the Nazi invasion of Poland in 1939, when he arranged for these yeshivas to relocate to Lithuanian cities.

World Agudath Israel
World Agudath Israel (Hebrew: אגודת ישראל), usually known as the Aguda, was established in the early twentieth century as the political arm of Ashkenazi Torah Judaism. It succeeded Agudath Shlomei Emunei Yisroel (Union of Faithful Jewry) in 1912. Its base of support was located in Eastern Europe before the Second World War but, due to the revival of the Hasidic movement, it included Orthodox Jews throughout Europe. Prior to World War II and the Holocaust, Agudath Israel operated a number of Jewish educational institutions throughout Europe. After the war, it has continued to operate such institutions in the United States as Agudath Israel of America, and in Israel. Agudath Israel is guided by its Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Sages) in Israel and the US.
Little Ferry, New Jersey
Little Ferry is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 10,987, an increase of 361 (+3.4%) from the 2010 census count of 10,626, which in turn reflected a decline of 174 (−1.6%) from the 10,800 counted in the 2000 census.

Bergenfield, New Jersey
Bergenfield is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 28,321, an increase of 1,557 (+5.8%) from the 2010 census count of 26,764, which in turn reflected an increase of 517 (+2.0%) from the 26,247 counted in the 2000 census.

New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Bergenfield as its 211th best place to live in its 2010 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey. The magazine ranked Bergenfield as its 231st best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live".

NeighborhoodScout named Bergenfield as the safest municipality in the nation in 2012 with more than 25,000 residents and in both 2013 and 2014 they named it as the 2nd safest town in the US only behind Franklin, Massachusetts.
In 2019, Bergenfield has dropped in their ratings, falling to number 4.
CDXL
CDXL is motion video file format developed by Commodore in the late 1980s and early 1990s for the Amiga computer platform. It is notable for being one of the earliest formats created for motion video playback from CD-ROM.

Frame rate
Frame rate, commonly expressed in frame/s, frames per second, or FPS, is typically the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images (frames) are captured or displayed. This definition applies to film and video cameras, computer animation, and motion capture systems. In these contexts, frame rate may be used interchangeably with frame frequency and refresh rate, which are expressed in hertz (Hz). Additionally, in the context of computer graphics performance, FPS is the rate at which a system, particularly a GPU, is able to generate frames, and refresh rate is the frequency at which a display shows completed frames. In electronic camera specifications frame rate refers to the maximum possible rate frames could be captured, but in practice, other settings (such as exposure time) may reduce the actual frequency to a lower number than the frame rate.
2024 Oregon State Senate election
The 2024 Oregon State Senate election was held in the U.S. state of Oregon on November 5, 2024, to elect 15 of the 30 members of the State Senate to the 83rd Oregon Legislature.

Primary elections were held in several districts on May 21, 2024. The election coincided with the election of the other house of the Legislative Assembly, the Oregon House of Representatives, and other elections.

The Democrats regained the three-fifths supermajority in the Senate they had lost in the 2022 elections.

2024 Oregon elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Oregon on November 5, 2024. Primary elections were held on May 21, 2024.

In the early hours of October 28 an incendiary device was placed in a ballot drop box in Portland damaging 3 ballots.
Giacomo Tranchida
Giacomo Tranchida (born 2 February 1963 in Valderice) is an Italian politician.

He joined the Democratic Party of the Left in 1991 and was elected mayor of Valderice in 1994 and re-elected for a second term in 1998. As a member of the Democratic Party, he was then mayor of Erice from 2007 to 2017.

Tranchida was elected mayor of Trapani at the 2018 Italian local elections. He took office on 13 June 2018.

2018 Italian local elections
The 2018 Italian local elections were held on different dates; most on  10 June, with a second round on 24 June. In Italy, direct elections were held in 720 municipalities: in each comune were chosen mayor and members of the City Council. Of the 783 municipalities, 21 were provincial capitals and only 112 had a population higher than 15,000 inhabitants (10,000 for Sicily).

In Friuli-Venezia Giulia the elections were held on 29 April with a second ballot on 13 May; while in Aosta Valley they were held on 20 May, and in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol on 27 May.
Bruce Salzburg
Bruce A. Salzburg (born July 11, 1947) was the 34th Wyoming Attorney General. He was appointed by the Governor of Wyoming in August 2007. His predecessor was Patrick J. Crank. He was succeeded by Greg Phillips in 2011.

Gregory A. Phillips
Gregory Alan Phillips (born August 17, 1960) is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit and former Wyoming Attorney General.
FC Sibir Novosibirsk
FC Sibir Novosibirsk (Russian: ФК «Сибирь» Новосибирск) was a Russian association football club based in Novosibirsk, playing at the Spartak Stadium. They played their first-ever season in the Russian Premier League in 2010, and ended with relegation to the Russian First Division.

Spartak Stadium (Novosibirsk)
Spartak Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Novosibirsk, Russia.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Novosibirsk.  The stadium holds 12,500 people.

It is the most easterly venue to have hosted a match in UEFA club competition.
Group Therapy (Sivion album)
Group Therapy is the fourth studio album by Dallas-based Christian hip hop artist Sivion. It features guest appearances by 26 other artists, including Manchild, Sintax the Terrific, Ozay Moore, Sareem Poems, Propaganda, Jurny Big, Zane, Macho, DJ Aslan, and Shames Worthy. Released on October 15, 2013, through Illect Recordings, it was met with a mixed reception from critics.

Sintax the Terrific
Daniel Josev Brewer, who goes by the stage name Sintax the Terrific, sometimes stylized as Sintax.the.Terrific or simply Sintax, is an American Christian hip hop musician and a founding member of both The Pride and the supergroup collective, Deepspace5. Brewer is also a practicing attorney in Columbia, South Carolina. He has released three studio albums through Illect Recordings – Simple Moves (2003), Curb Appeal (2007), and Prince with a Thousand Enemies with DJ Kurfu (2011) – and two studio albums, Qoheleth with Beat Rabbi (2010) and The Last Unicorn with Sir Chamberlain (2015), independently. Brewer, originally under the moniker ipoetlaurate and later The Press Junket, runs a blog for which he writes articles and composes songs discussing current social and political events. He released three compilation albums containing these songs in 2011, 2012, and 2013.
1991 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Virginia Slims of Palm Springs
The 1991 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Virginia Slims of Palm Springs were tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the tournament, and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1991 ATP Tour, and of the Tier II Series of the 1991 WTA Tour. It was held from March 2 through March 16, 1991.

In the men's tournament, Jim Courier won both the singles and doubles tournaments, partnering Javier Sánchez in the latter. This is the first time ever that a male player achieved both titles at the same year.

Javier Sánchez (tennis)
Javier Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈβjeɾ ˈsantʃeθ]; born 1 February 1968) is a former top-ten doubles professional tennis player from Spain. Sánchez won the US Open junior singles and doubles title in 1986, and reached the quarterfinal stage in the US Open men's singles event twice – in 1991 and 1996.