hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Same-sex marriage in Portugal
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Portugal since 5 June 2010. The XVIII Constitutional Government of Portugal under Prime Minister José Sócrates introduced a bill for legalization in December 2009. It was passed by the Assembly of the Republic in February 2010, and was declared legally valid by the Portuguese Constitutional Court in April. On 17 May, President Aníbal Cavaco Silva ratified the law, making Portugal the sixth country in Europe and the eighth in the world to allow same-sex marriage nationwide. The law was published in the Diário da República on 31 May and became effective on 5 June 2010. Polling suggests that a significant majority of Portuguese people support the legal recognition of same-sex marriage.

Portugal has also recognized same-sex de facto unions, providing several of the rights and benefits of marriage, since 2001.

Aníbal Cavaco Silva
Aníbal António Cavaco Silva GCC GColTE GColL GColIH (European Portuguese: [ɐˈniβɐl ɐ̃ˈtɔni.u kɐˈvaku ˈsilvɐ, - ɐ̃ˈtɔnju -]; born 15 July 1939) is a Portuguese economist and politician who served as the president of Portugal, from 9 March 2006 to 9 March 2016, and as prime minister of Portugal, from 6 November 1985 to 25 October 1995. His 10-year tenure was the longest of any prime minister since Salazar, and the longest for a freely elected prime minister in Portugal's republican history. He was the first Portuguese prime minister to win an absolute parliamentary majority under the current constitutional system (dating to 1974). He is most recognized for guiding Portugal into the European Union, liberalizing the Portuguese economy and improving infrastructures across the country.
Ouvrage Gondran
Ouvrage Gondran is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of one entry block, one infantry block and one observation block. Gondran was commenced in June 1933, and was intended to cover the gap between Janus and Les Aittes. The site is close to two older forts, designated Gondran C and Gondran D. The Maginot fortification became known as Gondran E.

The fortified area is near the Les Gondrans portion of the Montgenèvre ski area.

Ouvrage Les Aittes
Ouvrage Les Aittes is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line.  The ouvrage consists of one entry block, three infantry blocks and one observation block, about two kilometers east of Cervières, Hautes-Alpes at an altitude of 2,029 metres (6,657 ft)..
Ross 154
Ross 154 (V1216 Sgr) is a star in the southern zodiac constellation of Sagittarius. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 10.44, making it much too faint to be seen with the naked eye. At a minimum, viewing Ross 154 requires a telescope with an aperture of
6.5 cm (3 in) under ideal conditions. The distance to this star can be estimated from parallax measurements, which places it at 9.71 light-years (2.98 parsecs) away from Earth. It is the nearest star in the southern constellation Sagittarius, and one of the nearest stars to the Sun.

Sagittarius (constellation)
Sagittarius is one of the constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Southern celestial hemisphere.   It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy and remains one of the 88 modern constellations. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♐︎). Its name is Latin for "archer". Sagittarius is commonly represented as a centaur drawing a bow.  It lies between Scorpius and Ophiuchus to the west and Capricornus and Microscopium to the east.

The center of the Milky Way lies in the westernmost part of Sagittarius (see Sagittarius A).
East Ambae language
East Ambae (also known as Ambae, Northeast Ambae, Northeast Ambae, Omba, Oba, Aoba, Walurigi, Lolovoli, and Northeast Aoba) is an Oceanic language spoken in the north, east, and south of Ambae, Vanuatu.  The data in this article will concern itself with the Lolovoli dialect.

Oceanic languages
The Oceanic languages are a branch of the Austronesian languages comprising some 450 languages spoken in Polynesia, Micronesia and Melanesia. Though covering a vast area, Oceanic languages are estimated to have only two million native speakers. The largest individual Oceanic languages are Eastern Fijian with over 600,000 speakers, and Samoan with an estimated 400,000 speakers. The Gilbertese (Kiribati), Tongan, Tahitian, Māori and Tolai (Gazelle Peninsula) languages each have over 100,000 speakers. The common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages is called Proto-Oceanic (abbr. "POc").
Alexander Bogomolny
Alexander Bogomolny (January 4, 1948  – July 7, 2018) was a Soviet-born Israeli-American mathematician. He was Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the University of Iowa, and formerly research fellow at the Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics, senior instructor at Hebrew University and software consultant at Ben Gurion University. He wrote extensively about arithmetic, probability, algebra, geometry, trigonometry and mathematical games.

He was known for his contribution to heuristics and mathematics education, creating and maintaining the mathematically themed educational website Cut-the-Knot. He was a pioneer in mathematical education on the internet, having started Cut-the-Knot in  October 1996.

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) (Hebrew: אוניברסיטת בן-גוריון בנגב, Universitat Ben-Guriyon baNegev) is a  public research university in Beersheba, Israel. Named after Israeli national founder David Ben-Gurion, the university was founded in 1969 and currently has five campuses; three in Beersheba, one in Sede Boqer and one in Eilat.

Ben-Gurion University has about 20,000 students. Some of its research institutes include the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, the Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, the Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research with the Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, and the Ben-Gurion Research Institute for the Study of Israel and Zionism.
Szent László Infantry Division
The Szent László Infantry Division (Hungarian: Szent László hadosztály; English: Saint Ladislaus Infantry Division) was a Hungarian infantry unit formed in the final year of World War II.  It was made up of a mix of army and air force personnel. The division saw action at Budapest, in western Hungary, and in southeastern Austria.

Royal Hungarian Army
The Royal Hungarian Army (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség, German: Königlich Ungarische Armee) was the name given to the land forces of the Kingdom of Hungary in the period from 1922 to 1945. Its name was inherited from the Royal Hungarian Honvéd which went under the same Hungarian title of Magyar Királyi Honvédség from 1867 to 1918. Initially restricted by the Treaty of Trianon to 35,000 men, the army was steadily upgraded during the 1930s and fought on the side of the Axis powers during World War II.
Theory on immigration to Norway
The theory on immigration to Norway (Norwegian: innvandringsteorien) refers to an outdated theory on the origin of the Norwegian people. The theory is mainly associated with Rudolf Keyser, and developed by Peter Andreas Munch. The theory posited that Norway and northern Sweden had been populated by indigenous Norse people from the north, whereas Denmark and southern Sweden had been populated by Gothic peoples from the south. The theory was generally rejected by historians.

Norsemen
The Norsemen (or Northmen) were a Germanic cultural group in the Early Middle Ages, originating among speakers of Old Norse in Scandinavia. During the late eighth century, Scandinavians embarked on a large-scale expansion in all directions, giving rise to the Viking Age. In English-language scholarship since the 19th century, Norse seafaring traders, settlers and warriors have commonly been referred to as Vikings.

Historians of Anglo-Saxon England often use the term "Norse" in a different sense, distinguishing between Norse Vikings (Norsemen) from Norway, who mainly invaded and occupied the islands north and north-west of Britain as well as Ireland and western Britain, and Danish Vikings, who principally invaded and occupied eastern Britain.
Shikari (2012 film)
Shikari is a 2012 Indian bilingual film in  Malayalam and Kannada written and directed by Abhaya Simha, stars Mammootty and Poonam Bajwa. The film was the Kannada debut of Mammootty, and Malayalam debut of director Abhay Simha and music director V. Harikrishna. Both Mammooty and Poonam Bajwa play double roles, set in two different timelines.

Poonam Bajwa
Poonam Bajwa is an Indian actress who appears in Tamil, Malayalam, and Telugu films. She made her acting debut in 2005 with the Telugu film Modati Cinema, followed by another Telugu film Boss (2006). Her debut Kannada- and Tamil- language movies were Thangigagi (2006) and Seval (2008), respectively.
Harata Butler
Harata Butler (born 28 June 1993) is a professional rugby league footballer who currently plays for the New Zealand Warriors in the NRL Women's Premiership.

A prop, she previously played for the Cronulla Sharks and North Queensland Cowboys.

New Zealand Warriors Women
The New Zealand Warriors Women are a professional rugby league football club based in Auckland, New Zealand that competes in the National Rugby League Women's (NRLW) premiership. The Warriors women’s team are coached by Ronald Griffiths. 
As with their men’s team, the Warriors women are based at Mount Smart Stadium in the Auckland suburb of Penrose.
The Warriors women’s team previously competed in the NRLW for three seasons: 2018, 2019, and 2020.
Kalamandalam Hyderali (film)
Kalamandalam Hyderali  is a 2020 Indian Malayalam-language drama film written by Dr.Aju K.Narayanan and directed by Kiran G.nath, starring Paris Laxmi, Renji Panicker, T.G. Ravi and Ashokan. The film is produced by vinesh Mohan under the production house Vedhas creations LLP. Music is composed by Kottakkal Madhu and Anil Gopalan  cinematography is done by M. J. Radhakrishnan

Ashokan (actor)
Ashokan is an Indian actor known for his roles in Malayalam films. He made his film debut with Peruvazhiyambalam which won the 1979 National Film Award for Best Feature Film. He is best known for his roles in Yavanika (1982), Yuvajanotsavam (1986), Thoovanathumbikal (1987), Moonnam Pakkam (1988), In Harihar Nagar (1990), Amaram (1991), 2 Harihar Nagar (2009) ,and In Ghost House Inn (2010).
Canton of Blois-2
The Canton of Blois-2 (French: canton de Blois-2, [kɑ̃tɔ̃ də blwa dø]) is a canton in the French department of Loir-et-Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Blois.

It consists of the following communes:

Blois (partly)

La Chaussée-Saint-Victor

Menars

Saint-Denis-sur-Loire

Villebarou

Villerbon

Blois
Middle Ages portal

Blois (/blwɑː/ BLWAH; French: [blwa] ⓘ) is a commune and the capital city of Loir-et-Cher department, in Centre-Val de Loire, France, on the banks of the lower Loire river between Orléans and Tours.

With 45,898 inhabitants by 2019, Blois is the most populated city of the department, and the 4th of the region.

Historically, the city was the capital of the County of Blois, created in 832 until its integration into the Royal domain in 1498, when Count Louis II of Orléans became King Louis XII of France. During the Renaissance, Blois was the official residence of the King of France.
Bye (Peso Pluma song)
"Bye" is a song recorded and performed by the Mexican regional music singer Peso Pluma. The song was written by Jasiel Núñez, José Antonio Martínez Oviedo and by the singer, who also produced it together with Iván Leal. It was released on 26 May 2023 as the third single from Pluma's third studio album Génesis, the release was through Double P Records, the label that Peso Pluma founded. The song is his first solo single since 2021, when he released "Por Las Noches".

Por Las Noches
"Por Las Noches" (English: At Nights) is a song recorded and performed by the Mexican regional music singer Peso Pluma. The song was written by the singer in its entirety. It was released as a single on June 11, 2021, through the independent record company El Cartel de Los Ángeles.

The single went viral on the short video platform TikTok in early 2023, so in January of that year they increased their reproductions on music platforms. "Por Las Noches" peaked at number 28 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, being his third entry on that list, which made him equal at that time the record of Paulina Rubio as the Mexican with the most entries. That also gave Peso Pluma his first solo streaming and sales success.
This Is the Night (2021 film)
This Is the Night is a 2021 American drama film written and directed by James DeMonaco. It stars Frank Grillo, Lucius Hoyos, Jonah Hauer-King, Bobby Cannavale, and Naomi Watts. Jason Blum served as producer under his Blumhouse Productions banner and Sebastien Lemercier served as producer under his Man in a Tree Productions banner.

The film was released at the Angelika Film Center for a limited run on September 17, 2021, and was digitally released on September 21, 2021, by Universal Pictures. It was largely panned by critics.

James DeMonaco
James DeMonaco (born October 12, 1969) is an American filmmaker. He is best known for creating the Purge franchise, writing all five films in the series and directing the first three, The Purge (2013), Anarchy (2014), and Election Year (2016).

DeMonaco's first produced screenplay was the Robin Williams comedy Jack (1996), directed by Francis Ford Coppola.
Kamaran Airport
Kamaran (IATA: KAM , ICAO: OYKM) is an airport serving the village of Kamaran on Kamaran Island in Yemen.

A poorly defined north–south runway exists, with a reported length of 1,800 metres (5,906 ft). The runway is not easily seen, but does have markings.

Kamaran
Kamaran (Arabic: كمران, romanized: Kamarān) is the largest Yemeni island in the Red Sea. The 108 km2 (42 sq mi) island is 18 km (11 mi) long and 7 km (4.3 mi) wide and is strategically located at the southern end of the Red Sea. It is a "shelf island" located in the shallow waters of the Arabian Peninsula's continental shelf with coral reefs surrounding three sides of the island. The population numbers 2,200. Kamaran is generally flat, with a few hills in the south. Its highest point is Jabal Yaman (24 meters high), situated about three kilometers from Ra's al Yaman, the southeastern cape of the island.
Dancing Forever
Dancing Forever (Chinese: 唯舞獨尊) is a compilation album by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai, released on September 29, 2006, by EMI. The album features seven new songs, six remixed tracks, and live performances from the Pulchritude Concert held on July 1, 2006, at the Kaohsiung Cultural Center. The track "Marry Me Today" won the Song of the Year award at the 18th Golden Melody Awards.

Golden Melody Award for Song of the Year
The Golden Melody Award for Song of the Year (Chinese: 金曲獎年度歌曲獎) is presented by the Ministry of Culture of Taiwan to honor outstanding vocal recording tracks in the pop music genre with wide appeal or symbolic significance. The Song of the Year award is one of the most prestigious categories at the awards presented annually since the 1st Golden Melody Awards in 1990. The award was presented for additional years until being discontinued in 1997, and was then revived in 2006. It is awarded to a single or for a track from an album, and goes to the performing artist for that song.
Anita K. Krug
Anita K. Krug is an American legal scholar and academic administrator who served as the dean and a professor of Law at Chicago-Kent College of Law from 2019 until May 31, 2025. She was previously the D. Wayne and Anne Gittinger Endowed Professor at the University of Washington School of Law from 2016 to 2019. Her work focuses on securities regulation, investment management, and corporate governance.

University of Washington School of Law
The University of Washington School of Law is the law school of the University of Washington, located on the northwest corner of the main campus in Seattle, Washington. The school is fully accredited by the American Bar Association and has been a member of the Association of American Law Schools since 1909.
C. J. Smith (American football)
C. J. Smith (born May 10, 1993) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent following the 2016 NFL draft after playing college football for the North Dakota State Bison. He has also played for the Cleveland Browns and Denver Broncos.

2016 NFL draft
The 2016 NFL draft was the 81st annual draft of National Football League (NFL) franchises to select newly eligible American football players. As in 2015, the draft took place at the Auditorium Theatre and Grant Park in Chicago. The draft began on Thursday, April 28 with the first round, and ended on Saturday, April 30. The Tennessee Titans, the team with the fewest wins in the NFL for the 2015 season, traded the right to the top pick in the draft to the Los Angeles Rams, the first time the top pick was traded before the draft since 2001 when the San Diego Chargers traded their first pick to the Atlanta Falcons. Ohio State became the second school to have three players drafted in the top ten and to have five players drafted in the first round.
I Might Be Crying
"I Might Be Crying" is a song by British singer-songwriter Tanita Tikaram, released on 23 January 1995 as the lead single from her fifth studio album, Lovers in the City.

The song, which was written and produced by Tikaram, features backing vocals by Jennifer Warnes. "I Might Be Crying" peaked at No. 64 on the UK Singles Chart. One of the single's B-sides, "Not Waving but Drowning", is a poem by Stevie Smith set to music.

Jennifer Warnes
Jennifer Jean Warnes (born March 3, 1947) is an American singer and songwriter who has performed as a vocalist on a number of film soundtracks. She has won two Grammy Awards, in 1983 for the Joe Cocker duet "Up Where We Belong", and in 1987 for the Bill Medley duet "(I've Had) The Time of My Life". Warnes also collaborated closely with Leonard Cohen.
Yoshizumi Ishihara
Yoshizumi Ishihara (石原 良純, Ishihara Yoshizumi; born 15 January 1962) is a Japanese weather presenter, TV personality, and actor. Born in Zushi, Kanagawa, he is the second son of Tokyo governor Shintaro Ishihara, and brother of politicians Nobuteru Ishihara and Hirotaka Ishihara.

Hirotaka Ishihara
Hirotaka Ishihara (石原 宏高, Ishihara Hirotaka; born 19 June 1964) is a Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party, a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature). He has been Minister of the Environment within Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's cabinet since 2025. A native of Kanagawa Prefecture and graduate of Keio University, he was elected to the House of Representatives for the first time in 2005 after an unsuccessful run in 2003. He is the son of Shintaro Ishihara, former governor of Tokyo, and like his father affiliated to the revisionist lobby Nippon Kaigi.
Kilwinning railway station
Kilwinning railway station is a railway station serving the town of Kilwinning, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Ayrshire Coast Line 26 miles (42 km) south of Glasgow Central, as well as the Glasgow South Western Line 69 miles (111 km) north of Stranraer. British Transport Police maintain an office here.

The station has the most frequent service in Ayrshire, being served by all trains on both the Ayr main line and the branches to Ardrossan Harbour and Largs, with the sole exception of 1K49 17:47 Glasgow Central to Ayr which runs non-stop from Paisley to Irvine.

Glasgow South Western Line
The Glasgow South Western Line is a mainline railway almost entirely in Scotland (the only exception being the final section into Carlisle in North West England) that runs from Glasgow to Kilmarnock, and then either Carlisle via Dumfries, or Stranraer via Ayr, with a branch to East Kilbride.
Vathiyar
Vathiyar (/vɑːðjɑːr/ transl. Teacher) is a 2006 Indian Tamil-language action film directed by A. Venkatesh from a story written by Arjun. The film stars Arjun and Mallika Kapoor, while Vadivelu, Pradeep Rawat, Prakash Raj, Manivannan and Amit Tiwari play supporting roles. The soundtrack and background score were composed by D. Imman. Vathiyar was released on 11 November 2006.

D. Imman
Immanuel Vasanth Dinakaran (born 24 January 1983), better known as D. Imman, is an Indian music composer and singer, who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. His first film as music director was Thamizhan in 2002. Since then he has composed music for more than 100 films. He is the fifth Tamil music composer to win the National Film Award for Best Music Direction. He has also won the Filmfare Awards South and he has received 4 Filmfare Awards South nominations. He has also won 1 Tamil Nadu State Film Award, 2 Vijay Awards, 1 Edison Award, 1 Ananda Vikadan Cinema Award and 1 Zee Tamil Award. D. Imman is appointed as the Ambassador for Tamil Chair in University Of Toronto, Canada (2019).
Khwahan, Afghanistan
Khwahan (Dari: خواهان) is a town (and a fort) and the capital of Khwahan District, Badakhshan Province, northern Afghanistan. It is located on the left bank of the Panj River, in the subregion of Darwaz.

Panj (river)
The Panj, traditionally known as the Ochus River, is a river in Afghanistan and Tajikistan and  a tributary of the Amu Darya. The river is 921 km (572 mi) long and has a basin area of 114,000 km2 (44,000 mi2). It forms a considerable part of the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border.

The river is formed by the confluence of the Pamir River and the Wakhan River near the village of Qala-i-Panjah in the Wakhan District of Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan. From there, it flows westwards and marks part of the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border. After passing the city of Khorog, capital of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan, it receives water from one of its main tributaries, the Bartang River. It then turns towards the southwest, before joining the Vakhsh River and forming the greatest river of Central Asia, the Amu Darya. The Panj played an important role during Soviet era, and was a strategic river during the Soviet military operations in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
Umar Bakkalcha
Umar Bakkalcha (1953?–1980) was an Ethiopian nationalist and one of the early Oromo nationalists and martyrs well-remembered in the Chercher highlands of Harerghe especially for the heroic speeches he made at his death spot. His name had been Umar Sheikh Mohammed Rabi, but the people usually refer to him as “Umar Bakkalcha” or simply “Bakkalcha” (the downfall star).

Elemo Qiltu
Hassan Ibrahim (1936 – August 1974), better known by his nom de guerre Elemo Qiltu, was an Ethiopian guerrilla commander and businessman. A prominent member of the Oromo nationalist movement, he served as one of the first leaders of the Oromo Liberation Army.
Historiography of the United States
The historiography of the United States refers to the studies, sources, critical methods and interpretations used by scholars to study the history of the United States. While history examines the interplay of events in the past, historiography examines the secondary sources written by historians as books and articles, evaluates the primary sources they use, and provides a critical examination of the methodology of historical study.

Stanley Elkins
Stanley Maurice Elkins (April 27, 1925 in Boston, Massachusetts – September 16, 2013 in Leeds, Massachusetts) was an American historian, best known for his unique and controversial comparison of slavery in the United States to Nazi concentration camps, and for his collaborations (in a book and numerous articles) with Eric McKitrick regarding the early American Republic. They together wrote The Age of Federalism, on the history of the founding fathers of America.