hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Catalina Bustamante
Catalina Bustamante (born in Llerena between 1480 and 1490 CE –1536 CE) was considered to be the "first teacher in America" ("primera educadora de América"). In 1514 She traveled to the Americas with her husband and children, where she was eventually widowed. Bishops Juan Zumarraga and Toribio Benavente de Motolinía played significant roles in vouching for her capabilities, and one of them appointed her to a position teaching indigenous girls at a school in Texcoco. Records disagree on which bishop it was that extended the official invitation to Bustamante to begin teaching. She taught the Spanish way of life to these girls and fought for their rights, most notably in the case regarding Juan Peláez. Through direct correspondence to Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Empress Isabel of Portugal, Bustamante was able to educate and protect the indigenous girls in her care.

Toribio de Benavente
Toribio of Benavente (1482, Benavente, Spain – 1565, Mexico City, New Spain), also known as Motolinía, was a Franciscan missionary who was one of the famous Twelve Apostles of Mexico who arrived in New Spain in May 1524. His published writings are a key source for the history and ethnography of the Nahuas of central Mexico in the immediate post-conquest period as well as for the challenges of Christian evangelization.

He is probably best known for his attacks on the Dominican defender of the rights of the indigenous peoples, Bartolomé de las Casas, who criticized the Conquest. Though agreeing with Las Casas's criticism of the abuses of the conquistadors, he did not agree with the wholesale condemnation of the Spanish Conquest, as well as criticisms of the Franciscan practice of baptism en masse of the indigenous people of the new world. Due to these differences he went on to vilify Las Casas.
Scapanus
Scapanus is a genus of moles in the family Talpidae. They live in North America from west of the Rockies south to Baja California del Norte, and north to British Columbia, wherever conditions permit a mole population; that is to say, apart from the most sandy, rocky, or developed places.  As they are one genus, they are very closely related, but as species, they rarely if ever interbreed successfully.

It contains the following living species:

Mexican mole (S. anthonyi)

Northern broad-footed mole (S. latimanus)

Southern broad-footed mole (S. occultus)

Coast mole (S. orarius)

Townsend's mole (S. townsendii)

In addition, there are several extinct species known from fossils.

Scapanus hagermanensis (Mid Blancan stage, Idaho)

Scapanus malatinus (Blancan-Quaternary, California)

Scapanus proceridens (Miocene, Oregon and Idaho)

Scapanus shultzi (Miocene, California and Oregon)

Blancan
The Blancan North American Stage on the geologic timescale is a North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), usually considered to start in the early-mid Pliocene Epoch and end by the mid-Pleistocene. It is typically set from around 4.9 Ma (million years ago) to 1.8 Ma, an estimated duration of about 3.1 million years. The Blancan is preceded by the Hemphillian and followed by the Irvingtonian NALMA stages. The Blancan is named after the fossil site of Mount Blanco in Crosby County, Texas.
Madhe Sahaba Agitation
The Madhe Sahaba Agitation was a civil disobedience movement launched by the Deobandi Muslims of Lucknow in the first half of the twentieth century. The movement aimed to counter the commemoration of the tragedy of Karbala during Muharram. It led to a widespread Shia–Sunni conflict between 1906 and 1909 and later turned violent between 1936 and 1939. The conflict eventually spread to other parts of British India.

Persecution of Kashmiri Shias
History of Shi'ism in Kashmir is marked with conflict and strife, spanning over half a millennium. Incidents of sectarian violence occurred in Kashmir under the rule of Mirza Haider Dughlat, followed by the Mughals (1586–1752), the Afghans (1752–1819), the Sikhs (1819–1845) and the Dogras (1846–1947). A small Shia community has managed to survive in Kashmir till today.
Robotkid
Robotkid is the alias of Josh Randall, an electronic dance musician, video artist, and video game developer from Cambridge, Massachusetts. Along with PK, he was part of the mid-1990s synthcore band Institute of Technology. He is the former Creative Director at Harmonix Music Systems, the video game studio responsible for the Karaoke Revolution, Guitar Hero, and Rock Band series. Prior to Harmonix, Randall worked for Looking Glass Studios. Like Freezepop, whose Kasson Crooker also works for Harmonix, Robotkid's music has made appearances on the studio's game releases.

Harmonix
Harmonix Music Systems, Inc., doing business as Harmonix, is an American video game developer company based in Boston, Massachusetts. The company was established in May 1995 by Alex Rigopulos and Eran Egozy. Harmonix is perhaps best known as being the developer of music video games series Dance Central and Rock Band, as well as being the original developer and creator of the Guitar Hero series before development moved to Neversoft and Vicarious Visions.
Baron Shepherd
Baron Shepherd, of Spalding in the County of Lincoln, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1946 for George Shepherd, who had previously served as National Agent of the Labour Party. His only son, Malcolm Newton Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd the second Baron, was also a prominent Labour politician and notably served as Leader of the House of Lords. After the House of Lords Act 1999 removed the automatic right of hereditary peers to sit in the House of Lords he was given a life peerage as Baron Shepherd of Spalding, of Spalding in the County of Lincolnshire. This enabled him to remain an active member of the House of Lords On his death in 2001 the life barony became extinct, while he was succeeded in the hereditary barony by his eldest son, Graeme, the third and (As of 2020) present holder of the title.

Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd
Malcolm Newton Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd, Baron Shepherd of Spalding (27 September 1918 – 5 April 2001), was a British Labour politician and peer who served as Leader of the House of Lords under Harold Wilson and James Callaghan and member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.

Shepherd was the son of the Labour politician George Shepherd, 1st Baron Shepherd. With the House of Lords Act 1999, the right of the hereditary peers of an automatic seat in the House of Lords was removed, so Shepherd was created a life peer as Baron Shepherd of Spalding, of Spalding in the County of Lincolnshire to keep his seat.
Utica Avenue
Utica Avenue is a major avenue in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, United States. It is one of several named for the city of Utica in Upstate New York. It runs north–south and occupies the position of East 50th Street in the Brooklyn street grid, with East 49th Street to its west and East 51st Street to its east for most of its path. The south end of Utica Avenue is at Flatbush Avenue; its north end is at Fulton Street, beyond which it is continued by Malcolm X Boulevard (formerly Reid Avenue) in Bedford–Stuyvesant. Malcolm X Boulevard continues to Broadway, where it terminates on Broadway between Lawton Street and Hart Street.

The avenue runs primarily through the neighborhoods of Flatlands, Flatbush, and Crown Heights, intersecting with other main streets such as Flatlands Avenue, Kings Highway, and Linden Boulevard. Utica Avenue is a four-lane avenue throughout its entire stretch, and an important commercial street.

Fulton Street (Brooklyn)
Fulton Street is a long east–west street in northern Brooklyn, New York City. This street begins at the intersection of Adams Street and Joralemon Street in Brooklyn Heights, and runs eastward to East New York and Cypress Hills. At the border with Queens, Fulton Street becomes 91st Avenue, which ends at 84th Street in Woodhaven.
Eiker, Modum og Sigdal District Court
Eiker, Modum og Sigdal District Court (Norwegian: Eiker, Modum og Sigdal tingrett) was a district court in Buskerud county, Norway. The court was based in Hokksund. The court existed until 2016. It had jurisdiction over the municipalities of Krødsherad, Modum, Nedre Eiker, Sigdal, and Øvre Eiker. Cases from this court could be appealed to Borgarting Court of Appeal.

The court was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases and to resolve civil litigation as well as bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks of the court included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases from this court were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.

Krødsherad
Krødsherad is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Noresund. The municipality of Krødsherad was established when it was separated from Sigdal Municipality on 1 January 1901.
Jampatong Na Nontachai
Saroj Kumjit (Thai: สาโรช คุ้มจิต; born March 3, 1962), known professionally as Jampatong Na Nontachai (Thai: จำปาทอง ณ นนทชัย), is a Thai former professional Muay Thai fighter. He is a former Rajadamnern Stadium Bantamweight Champion who was famous during the 1970s and 1980s. Nicknamed the "Master of Neck Kicks", he was especially known for his high kicks from both sides.

Rajadamnern Stadium
Rajadamnern Stadium (Thai: สนามมวยราชดำเนิน, RTGS: Sanam Muai Ratchadamnoen, IPA: [sànǎːm mūaj râːtt͡ɕʰàdāmnɤ̄ːn]) is a sporting arena in Bangkok, Thailand. Along with Lumpinee Boxing Stadium, Rajadamnern is one of the two main stadiums for modern Muay Thai. It hosts fights everyday from Monday to Sunday. The stadium has its own ranking system and championship titles up to middleweight (160 lbs).
Sincholagua Volcano
Sincholagua is an inactive volcano located in Ecuador 17 km (11 mi) northeast of Cotopaxi Volcano and 45 km (28 mi) southeast of Quito. It is the 12th highest peak in the country at 4,899 m (16,073 ft) but also one of the lesser known ones. The name of the mountain comes from the indigenous language Quichua and means "strong above". Due to its close proximity to Cotopaxi, the second highest peak in Ecuador and the most popular volcano, it is far less frequently visited compared to other mountains in the country. It has a sharp peak and at one point had glacial cover year round, but all of the glaciers melted a few decades ago. However, snow can still be seen on the peak since there is sometimes heavy snowfall at the summit.

Cotopaxi
Cotopaxi (US: /koʊtəˈpɑːksi/ KOH-tə-PAHK-see, UK: /kɒtəˈpæksi/ KOT-ə-PAK-see, Spanish: [kotoˈpaɣsi]) is an active stratovolcano in the Andes Mountains, located in Cotopaxi National Park in Cotopaxi Province, about 50 km (31.1 mi) south of Quito, and 31 km (19 mi) northeast of the city of Latacunga, Ecuador. It is the second highest summit in Ecuador (after Chimborazo), reaching a height of 5,897 m (19,347 ft). Cotopaxi is among the highest active volcanoes in the world.

Cotopaxi is known to have erupted 87 times, resulting in the creation of numerous valleys formed by lahars (mudflows) around the volcano. An eruption began on 21 October 2022.

At the end of February 2023, the Geophysical Institute of Ecuador reported that Cotopaxi had produced around 8,000 earthquakes since October 21, 2022, amounting to 1,600 events per month.
R. Donald Fullerton
Robert Donald Fullerton (7 June 1931 – 29 May 2011) was a Canadian banker who served from 1976 to 1986 as president and from 1985 to 1992 as chairman of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce. Fullerton joined the Canadian Bank of Commerce in 1953. In 1961 the Bank of Commerce merged with the Imperial Bank of Canada, and by 1967 Fullerton was assigned to the new bank's head office in Toronto. In 1971 he became a vice-president and in 1973 an executive vice-president. Fullerton was appointed president in 1976, in 1984 was appointed chief executive officer, and in 1985 was elected chairman of the board. He retired as chairman and chief executive In June 1992. Fullerton died in Toronto on 29 May 2011 at age 79.

Canadian Bank of Commerce
The Canadian Bank of Commerce was a Canadian bank that operated from 1867 to 1961. It merged in 1961 with the Imperial Bank of Canada to form the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, which today is one of Canada's Big Five banks.
Henry ToRobert
Sir Henry ToRobert GCL KBE (22 October 1942 – 18 October 2018) was a Papua New Guinean civil servant who was the first governor of the Bank of Papua New Guinea. He also played a major role in developing the Credit Corporation (PNG) Ltd and was president of the Papua New Guinea Olympic Committee for 30 years.

Order of Logohu
The Order of Logohu is the principal order of the Order of Papua New Guinea. Logohu is a Motuan word for the bird-of-paradise, the official national symbol of Papua New Guinea since its independence.  The Order consists of four ranks.
Open Mic UK
Open Mic UK is a live music competition for singers, vocalists and solo artists run by Future Music Management in the UK. Competitors compete at regional auditions to qualify to perform live at live music showcases and reach an annual national final, which is held at Indigo at The O2 complex in London and The National Exhibition Centre in Birmingham. The event, which offers a recording contract and investment to the final winner, was described by Joel James of BBC York & North Yorkshire as "one of the toughest competitions in the country."

National Exhibition Centre
The National Exhibition Centre (NEC) is an exhibition centre located in Marston Green in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, near the city of Birmingham. It is near junction 6 of the M42 motorway, and is adjacent to Birmingham Airport and Birmingham International railway station. It was opened by  Queen Elizabeth II in 1976.
Macy's Building (Cincinnati)
The Macy's Building is a skyscraper in Cincinnati, Ohio. Located in the city's central business district, the 21-floor building stands 96.7 meters (317 feet) tall. The postmodern high-rise was designed by Ed Haladay of RTKL Associates and built from 1978 to 1980. Originally named the Federated Building, it was the headquarters of Federated Department Stores (later known as Macy's, Inc.), a title which it would share with Macy's Herald Square in New York City from 1994 until 2020. After Macy's closed their Cincinnati headquarters in 2020, the building underwent residential conversion, reopening as 7 West 7th Apartments in 2025.

Downtown Cincinnati
Downtown Cincinnati is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. It is the central business district of the city, as well as the economic and symbiotic center of the Cincinnati metropolitan area. Originally the densely populated core of the city, the neighborhood was transformed into a commercial zone in the mid-20th century. The population was 5,835 at the 2020 census.
Jeff Quinn
Jeffrey Quinn (born September 26, 1962) is an American football coach. He was formerly an assistant coach at the University of Notre Dame. Quinn served as the head football coach at the University at Buffalo from 2010 to 2014. He was the 24th head coach in University at Buffalo football history. He replaced Turner Gill who left for Kansas following the 2009 season.  Quinn served as interim head coach at Central Michigan University in 2006 and at the University of Cincinnati in 2009, following the resignation of Brian Kelly in both instances.

Turner Gill
Turner Hillery Gill (born August 13, 1962) is an American college athletic administrator and former football player and coach. He is the Executive Director of Student-Athlete and Staff Development at the University of Arkansas, a position he assumed in 2019. Gill has served as head football coach at the University at Buffalo (2006–09), the University of Kansas (2010–11) and Liberty University (2012–18), compiling a career college football coaching record of 72–84. He was one of 11 black head coaches in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision at the time of his hiring at Kansas.
Killian Tillie
Killian Wiard Tillie (born 5 March 1998) is a French professional basketball player for Unicaja Malaga of the Liga ACB. He played college basketball for the Gonzaga Bulldogs. Tillie joined Gonzaga University beginning in the 2016–17 season.

Baloncesto Málaga
Baloncesto Málaga S.A.D.,  also known as Unicaja for sponsorship reasons, is a professional basketball club based in Málaga, Spain. The team plays in the Liga ACB and the Champions League.

Founded in 1977, the team is sponsored by the Spanish bank Unicaja and has carried that sponsorship name since 1992. They play their home games at the Palacio de Deportes José María Martín Carpena, shortly known as the "Martín Carpena". Unicaja has won one Liga ACB title, in 2006, as well as three Copas del Rey, one EuroCup, two Basketball Champions League, one FIBA Korać Cup and two FIBA Intercontinental Cup titles.
Mohammad Reza Soleimani
Mohammad Reza Soleimani (Persian: محمدرضا سلیمانی; born 3 August 1995) is an Iranian football forward who plays for Foolad in the Persian Gulf Pro League.

Soleimani started playing football when he was 7 years old. He played for toddlers' and youth teams in matches between states.

He has played for PAS Hamedan F.C., Esteghlal F.C. and the Iran U19 national team. His good performance in Esteghlal F.C. U20 with 20 goals, led to his transfer to Rah Ahan, where he also performed well in the U20 team with 25 goals and 7 assists in seven matches.

Persian Gulf Pro League
The Persian Gulf Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر خلیج فارس, Lig-e Bartar-e Xalij-e Fârs), formerly known as the Iran Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر ایران, Lig-e bartar-e Irân), is a professional association football league in Iran and the highest level of the Iranian football league system. It is controlled by the FFIRI and is contested by 16 teams over a 30-matchday period.

Each year, its top team becomes the Iranian football champion, and the two lowest finishers are relegated to the Azadegan League.

Since 2013, the league comprises 16 teams. The winner of the Persian Gulf Pro League along with the Hazfi Cup champion automatically qualify for the AFC Champions League Elite group stages. The third of the Persian Gulf Pro League is qualified for the AFC Champions League Elite Play-off round. The bottom two teams in the league are relegated to Azadegan League. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.
OLA insurgency
The OLA insurgency is an armed insurgency between the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), which split from the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) in 2018, and the Ethiopian government, continuing in the context of the long-term Oromo conflict, typically dated to have started with the formation of the Oromo Liberation Front in 1973.

The insurgency has gained strength in recent years, though it is not sufficiently armed or organized enough to pose a serious threat to the government.

Oromo Liberation Front
The Oromo Liberation Front (Oromo: Adda Bilisummaa Oromoo, abbreviated: ABO; English abbreviation: OLF) is an Oromo nationalist political party formed in 1973 to promote self-determination and the independence for the Oromo people inhabiting today's Oromia Region and Oromia Zone in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. The OLF has offices in Addis Ababa, Washington, D.C., and Berlin, from which it operates radio stations that broadcast in Amharic and Oromo.

The OLF is not to be confused with the Oromo Liberation Army, which is the now independent former military wing of the OLF. The OLA split from the OLF following disagreements over disarmament.
Strikeforce: Lawler vs. Shields
Strikeforce: Lawler vs. Shields was a mixed martial arts event held by the MMA organization Strikeforce.  It was held in St. Louis, Missouri on June 6, 2009. The event drew an estimated 275,000 viewers on Showtime.

Strikeforce (mixed martial arts)
Strikeforce was an American mixed martial arts and kickboxing organization based in San Jose, California, that operated from 1985 to 2013. It was headed by CEO Scott Coker.

Its live events and competitions have been shown on CBS, debuting on November 7, 2009, and Showtime in the United States. Internationally, Strikeforce events have been broadcast Super Channel in Canada, Primetime in the United Kingdom, SKY PerfecTV! in Japan, HBO Plus in Brazil, Space in Latin America and the Caribbean, and on the American Forces Network.

In early 2011, Strikeforce was purchased by American Ultimate Fighting Championship owner Zuffa LLC, which eventually closed the promotion and brought the remaining fighter contracts into the UFC roster.
Balzan Futsal Club
Balzan Football Club (futsal) was the futsal section of Balzan F.C., based in Balzan, Malta. Active from 2000 to 2015, the team competed in the Maltese Futsal League and quickly established itself as one of the country’s top futsal sides. During its short but successful existence, Balzan Futsal won multiple domestic titles and participated in the UEFA Futsal Champions League. The club ceased operations in 2015 following structural changes in Maltese futsal.

UEFA Futsal Champions League
The UEFA Futsal Champions League is an annual futsal competition for European club teams organized by UEFA. It was founded as the UEFA Futsal Cup in 2001 and replaced the Futsal European Clubs Championship, an unofficial competition held since 1984. The final of the first edition was played in a single game in Lisbon, while the following four editions were decided over two legs. Since 2006–07, the winner is decided through a final four tournament.

In 2018, the tournament was rebranded as UEFA Futsal Champions League.
1889 South African Rugby Board Trophy
The 1889 South African Rugby Board Trophy was the first domestic rugby union competition held in South Africa. It took place after the South African Rugby Board was formed in 1889.

The tournament was won by Western Province, while the other competing teams were Eastern Province, Griqualand West and Transvaal.

This was the only time the Board Trophy was played for; in 1891, the Currie Cup was presented to Griqualand West and the competition for that trophy became the main domestic competition in South Africa.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Nanpō Bunshi
Nanpō Bunshi (南浦文之, 1555 - October 25, 1620) was a Rinzai school Buddhist priest in Sengoku to early Edo period Japan. He was also a Neo-Confucian scholar of the Satsunan school, and author of a number of books. He is especially noted as the author of an account of the history of firearms entitled Teppō-ki. and for Tō Ryūkyū shi narabi ni jo ("Verses and Preface on the Chastisement of Ryukyu”) describing the history of the Ryūkyū Kingdom and the justifications for the 1609 Shimazu invasion of Ryukyu.

Edo neo-Confucianism
Edo Neo-Confucianism, known in Japanese as Shushi-Gaku (朱子學, shushigaku), refers to the schools of Neo-Confucian philosophy that developed in Japan during the Edo period. Neo-Confucianism reached Japan during the Kamakura period. The philosophy can be characterized as humanistic and rationalistic, with the belief that the universe could be understood through human reason, and that it was up to man to create a harmonious relationship between the universe and the individual. The 17th-century Tokugawa shogunate adopted Neo-Confucianism as the principle of controlling people and Confucian philosophy took hold. Neo-Confucians such as Hayashi Razan and Arai Hakuseki were instrumental in the formulation of Japan's dominant early modern political philosophy.