hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Noor-Ali Tabandeh
Noor-Ali Tabandeh (also known by the title Majzoub Ali Shah; Persian: نورعلی تابنده, 13 October 1927 – 24 December 2019) was the spiritual leader or Qutb of the Ni'matullah (Sultan Ali Shahi) Gonabadi Order in Iran (Gonabadi Dervishes), which is the largest Sufi order in Iran. He was born in Beydokht, Gonabad, Iran and died in Mehr Hospital in Tehran on 24 December 2019 after two years of house arrest.

During his time within the Ministry of Justice and working as an attorney, Tabandeh made considerable efforts to support the human and social rights of Iranians, for which he was imprisoned and suffered numerous persecutions. Since the 2018 crackdown of the regime on followers of the Gonabadi order, he was held under house arrest by the authorities.

Gonabad
Gonabad (Persian: گناباد) is a city in the Central District of Gonabad County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

The city is best known as the home  of the Gonabadi Dervishes and also for its qanats, (known also as kahriz). It is one of the most important producers of saffron in Iran. Other agricultural products include: grapes, pistachios, and pomegranates. The shrine of the Ni'matullāhī Gonabadi dervish order is located in Bidokht, a city in Gonabad County.
Roebuck Bay Seaplane Base
18°07′S 122°16′E﻿ / ﻿18.117°S 122.267°E﻿ / -18.117; 122.267

Roebuck Bay Seaplane Base, also called Broome Seaplane Base, was located in Roebuck Bay Western Australia near the town of Broome. The base opened in March 1942 and operated Consolidated PBY Catalina seaplanes during World War II. The base was used by the United States Navy starting in 1942.

Roebuck Bay
Roebuck Bay is a bay on the coast of  the Kimberley region of  Western Australia.  Its entrance is bounded in the north by the town of Broome, and in the south by Bush Point and Sandy Point.  It is named after HMS Roebuck, the ship captained by William Dampier when he explored the coast of north-western Australia in 1699.  The Broome Bird Observatory lies on the northern coast of the bay.
Rick Robey
Frederick Robert Robey (born January 30, 1956) is an American former college and professional basketball player. At 6'11", he played the center position for the Indiana Pacers, Boston Celtics, and the Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Jack Givens
Jack "Goose" Givens (born September 21, 1956) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Kentucky Wildcats, earning consensus second-team All-American honors. He led the team to the 1978 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship and was named that year's Final Four Most Outstanding Player due in most part to his 41-point performance in Kentucky's 94–88 victory over Duke in the championship game. He was a 6-foot-5-inch (1.96 m), 205-pound (93 kg) forward. Givens played professionally for the Atlanta Hawks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He also played overseas in Japan.
Lachlan Lam
Lachlan Lam (born 25 March 1998) is a Papua New Guinea international rugby league footballer who plays as a scrum-half or stand-off for the Leigh Leopards in the Super League.

He previously played for the Sydney Roosters in the National Rugby League (NRL).

Papua New Guinea national rugby league team
The Papua New Guinea national rugby league team represents Papua New Guinea in the sport of rugby league football.

In Papua New Guinea, Rugby League is a highly popular sport and is regarded as the country's national sport. The national side are known as the Kumuls ("birds-of-paradise" in Tok Pisin).
Kuhn slide
The Kuhn slide (German: Kuhnsche Schleife) is part of a modified Walschaerts (German: Heusinger) valve gear on steam locomotives and is named after its inventor, Michael Kuhn (1851–1903). The term is also used to refer to this particular type of Walschaerts valve gear system as a whole.

Valve gear
The valve gear of a steam engine is the mechanism that operates the inlet and exhaust valves to admit steam into the cylinder and allow exhaust steam to escape, respectively, at the correct points in the cycle. It can also serve as a reversing gear. It is sometimes referred to as the "motion".
EN Bolama
EN Bolama, also known by its full name Estrela Negra de Bolama, is a Guinea-Bissauan football club based in Bolama.  It is one of two chief clubs of the entire Bijagos Archipelago, the other is FC Bijagós, for most of the time, it was the most popular club in the Bijagós Archipelago but remains the most successful. It is an affiliate to the Brazilian club CR Vasco da Gama. They play in the amateur division in Guinean football, the Campeonato Nacional da Guine-Bissau.  The club won only a cup title in 1980.

Bijagós Islands
The Bijagós Islands, also spelled Bijagos (Portuguese: Arquipélago dos Bijagós) and formerly known as Bissagos, are a group of about 88 islands and islets located in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Guinea-Bissau.
Jonathan Mead
Vice Admiral Jonathan Dallas Mead, AO (born 3 November 1964) is a senior officer in the Royal Australian Navy. He joined the navy via the Royal Australian Naval College at HMAS Creswell in 1984, and spent his early career with the Clearance Diving Branch before training as a Principal Warfare Officer. He captained HMAS Parramatta on operations in the Persian Gulf from 2006 to 2007 during the Iraq War and commanded Combined Task Force 150, overseeing maritime counter-terrorism operations around the Arabian Peninsula and Horn of Africa, from 2011 to 2012. He served as Head of Navy Capability from 2015 to 2017, Commander Australian Fleet from 2018 to 2020, Chief of Joint Capabilities from 2020 to 2021, and was appointed Chief of the Nuclear-Powered Submarine Task Force in September 2021.

Clearance Diving Branch (RAN)
The Clearance Diving Branch is the specialist diving unit of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) whose versatile role covers all spheres of military diving, and includes explosive ordnance disposal and maritime counter-terrorism. The Branch has evolved from traditional maritime diving, and explosive ordnance disposal, to include a special operations focus.
Tony Flannery
Anthony "Tony" Flannery, CSsR (born January 1947) is an Irish Catholic religious writer and a suspended Redemptorist priest. He is the founder of the Irish Association of Catholic Priests. For 14 years, he has been writing a monthly article for Reality Magazine published by the Redemptorists, and has contributed to many other publications.

Flannery was suspended by the Vatican in 2012. He said he was told by the Vatican that he would be allowed to return to ministry only if he agreed to write, sign and publish a statement agreeing, among other things, that women can never be ordained as priests and that he would adhere to church orthodoxy on matters like contraception and homosexuality. The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith pointed out that Flannery's views could be construed as "heresy" under church law, and threatened "canonical penalties," including excommunication, if he did not change his views.

Suspension (punishment)
Suspension refers to a temporary removal or exclusion from a position or activity, which can include the workplace, school, public office, clergy, or sports. It may be either paid or unpaid and is typically imposed to allow for an investigation or as a disciplinary measure for infractions of rules or policies.
Nail violin
The nail violin is a musical instrument that consists of a semicircular wooden soundboard,  with nails of various lengths arranged to produce a chromatic scale when a bow is drawn across them. It was invented in 1740 by German violinist Johann Wilde.

Chromatic scale
In Western music, a chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) divided equally or approximately equally within an octave. An interval between adjacent notes in a chromatic scale is called a semitone. Chromatic instruments, such as the piano, are made to produce the chromatic scale, while other instruments capable of continuously variable pitch, such as the trombone and violin, can also produce microtones, or notes between those available on a piano.

Most tonal Western music is structured around scales with fewer than 12 pitches per octave, such as diatonic scales. This music primarily uses an appropriate subset of the chromatic scale.
A Full House (film)
A Full House is a 1920 American silent comedy film directed by James Cruze and written by Alice Eyton based upon the 1915 Broadway play of the same name by Frederick J. Jackson. The film stars Bryant Washburn, Lois Wilson, Guy Milham, Hazel Howell, Vera Lewis, and Beverly Travers. The film was released on October 24, 1920, by Paramount Pictures. It is not known whether the film currently survives, which suggests that it is a lost film.

Bryant Washburn
Franklin Bryant Washburn III (April 28, 1889 – April 30, 1963) was an American actor who appeared in more than 370 films between 1911 and 1947. Washburn's parents were Franklin Bryant Washburn II and Metha Catherine Johnson Washburn. He attended Lake View High School in Chicago.

Washburn's early acting experience came in stock theater. He debuted in film in 1911 with Essanay Studios. He quickly became a comedy star after appearing in films such as Skinner's Baby and Skinner's Dress Suit in 1917.

His second marriage was to actress Virginia Vance. They had a child together.
Henry Mazer
Henry Simon Mazer ((1918-07-21)July 21, 1918 – (2002-08-01)August 1, 2002), was an American and later Taiwanese conductor, recording artist and music educator who was the founding principal conductor and music director of Taipei Philharmonic Orchestra from 1985 until suffering a stroke in February 2001. Prior to his move to Taiwan, he was the conductor and associate conductor of major American symphonies including the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. He contributed greatly to the refinement of the performances of classical music in Taiwan, leading local musicians to gain recognition overseas. There is a cultural center dedicated to him in Taipei.

Chicago Symphony Orchestra
The Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) is an American symphony orchestra based in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded by Theodore Thomas in 1891, the ensemble has been based in the Symphony Center since 1904 and plays a summer season at the Ravinia Festival. It is one of the American orchestras commonly referred to as the "Big Five".

The orchestra's most recent music director is Riccardo Muti, whose tenure spanned the seasons from 2010 to 2023, and he continues to perform on occasion as director-emeritus. In 2024, Klaus Mäkelä was named music director-designate, with his first contractual season to begin in 2027.
Raymond Savard
Pierre Raymond Savard (29 June 1927 – 20 July 2021) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. His career included various business interests including merchandising, administration and store ownership. Savard entered national politics at Quebec's Verdun electoral district following a by-election victory on 24 May 1977. He was re-elected in the 1979 and 1980 federal elections, but defeated in 1984 by Gilbert Chartrand of the Progressive Conservative party. He served in the latter stages of the 30th Canadian Parliament, and for full terms in the 31st and 32nd Canadian Parliaments. He later served as the mayor of Verdun, Quebec from 1985 to 1993. Savard died on 20 July 2021 at the age of 94.

Gilbert Chartrand
Gilbert Chartrand (born 3 November 1954) was a Progressive Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a businessman and trader by career.

Born  in Verdun, Quebec, Chartrand represented the Quebec riding of Verdun—Saint-Paul where he was first elected in the 1984 federal election and re-elected in 1988, therefore becoming a member in the 33rd and 34th Canadian Parliaments.

On 22 May 1990, he left the Progressive Conservative party and sat for a time as an independent member. On 20 December that year, he became a founding member of the Bloc Québécois. Chartrand returned to the Progressive Conservatives on 9 April 1991, completed his second term in Parliament before leaving federal politics.

In April 2005, Chartrand and his wife, Carole Lambert, were found guilty of defrauding their boss, Swiss businessman Seymour Jacobson. They were convicted of fraud and conspiracy and sentenced to 18-month prison terms. (La Presse)
Second Serbian–Ottoman War
The Second Serbian-Ottoman War was a conflict fought between the Principality of Serbia and the Ottoman Empire. It lasted from 13 December 1877 to 5 February 1878, and followed the First Serbian–Ottoman War. Serbia waged a successful campaign during which the Serbian army reached Kosovo, Čukarica and Kyustendil within a few weeks. Thanks to these military successes, Serbia gained their long-awaited de jure independence, as well as the districts of Vranje, Toplica, Niš, and Pirot.

Pirot
Pirot (Serbian Cyrillic: Пирот) is a city and the administrative center of the Pirot District in southeastern Serbia. According to 2022 census, the urban area of the city has a population of 34,942, while the population of the city administrative area has 49,601 inhabitants.

The city has rich geographical features, including the mountains of Stara Planina, Vlaška Planina, Belava, Suva Planina; rivers which flow through the town, including Nišava, Jerma, Rasnička Reka, Temštica and the Visočica; and four lakes, the Zavoj Lake, Berovacko Lake, Krupac Lake and Sukovo Lake.

It also has a rich culture, with notable Orthodox church buildings, including the Church of St. Petka, and the monastery of St. Georges and St. John the Theologian from the late 14th century, both of which display an example of medieval architecture. Pirot is known for its traditional woven carpet, the Pirot carpet (Pirot ćilim).
Darent Valley line
The Darent Valley line is a railway line between Swanley and Sevenoaks in Kent, England. It adopted its current name in 2020, by the Kent Rail Partnership.

It covers part of what was known as the Maidstone line which continued beyond Otford to Ashford International via Maidstone East. The line diverges from the Chatham Main Line at Swanley Junction and continues to Otford Junction, where it diverges from the Kent Downs line and meets the South Eastern Main Line at Sevenoaks.

Swanley railway station
Swanley railway station is on the Chatham Main Line in England, serving the town of Swanley, Kent. It is 17 miles 31 chains (28.0 km) down the line from London Victoria and is situated between St Mary Cray and Farningham Road on the main line. The Maidstone Line branches from the main line east of Swanley and the next station on that route is Eynsford.

The station and most trains that call are operated by Southeastern. The station has four platforms.

Since March 2016, Oyster cards have been accepted at Swanley, with the station being placed into London fare zone 8.
Okonokos
Okonokos is a live album and concert film by the American band My Morning Jacket released on October 31, 2006. The album was recorded during the band's fall 2005 Z Tour, over two nights at The Fillmore in San Francisco, California. This is the first My Morning Jacket album for which frontman Jim James does not receive a production credit; he is credited for "concept/story".

Jim James
James Edward Olliges Jr. (born April 27, 1978), professionally known as Jim James or Yim Yames, is an American vocalist, guitarist, producer, and primary songwriter of the rock band My Morning Jacket. He has also released several solo albums.
Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 50 kilometres walk
The men's 50 kilometres race walk at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro was held on 19 August. Matej Tóth, winner of the 2015 World Championships from Slovakia won the gold medal, reigning Olympic champion Jared Tallent from Australia finished second and Japanese walker Hirooki Arai took the bronze. The winning time was 3:40:58.

Canadian Evan Dunfee was awarded the bronze medal after Athletics Canada successfully filed a protest because Arai had made contact with Dunfee in the last 2 km of race, but the Japanese committee appealed the decision, and the medal was reinstated for Arai.

Jared Tallent
Jared Tallent (born 17 October 1984) is an Australian race walker and Olympic gold medallist in the 50 km walk from London in 2012. He is a four-time Olympic medallist, three-time World Championship medallist and holds the current Olympic record in the 50 km walk.
Vastus muscles
The vastus muscles are three of the four muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris muscle of the thigh. The three muscles are the vastus intermedius, the vastus lateralis, and the vastus medialis located in the middle, on the outside, and inside of the thigh, respectively. The fourth muscle is the rectus femoris muscle a large fleshy muscle which covers the front and sides of the femur.

Rectus femoris muscle
The rectus femoris muscle is one of the four quadriceps muscles of the human body. The others are the vastus medialis, the vastus intermedius (deep to the rectus femoris), and the vastus lateralis. All four parts of the quadriceps muscle attach to the patella (knee cap) by the quadriceps tendon.

The rectus femoris is situated in the middle of the front of the thigh; it is fusiform in shape, and its superficial fibers are arranged in a bipenniform manner, the deep fibers running straight (Latin: rectus) down to the deep aponeurosis. Its functions are to flex the thigh at the hip joint and to extend the leg at the knee joint.
Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines
Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1988 by the Institute for Critical Thinking (Montclair State University). The journal publishes articles and reviews on various aspects of critical thinking. After a brief suspension starting in 2005, publication of the journal resumed in 2010 with a new editorial team located at Sam Houston State University. The journal took another pause from 2016 to 2020, resuming publication in 2021.  All issues are available online, and single documents can be accessed by non-subscribers. The journal is published by the Philosophy Documentation Center. The founding editors-in-chief were Wendy Oxman and Robert Michael Esformes; the current editor is Thomas Brommage (Sam Houston State University).

PhilPapers
PhilPapers is an interactive academic database of journal articles in philosophy. It is maintained by the Centre for Digital Philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, and as of 2022, it has "394,867 registered users, including the majority of professional philosophers and graduate students". The general editors are its founders, David Bourget and David Chalmers.

PhilPapers receives financial support from other organizations, including a substantial grant in early 2009 from the Joint Information Systems Committee in the United Kingdom. The archive is praised for its comprehensiveness and organization, and for its regular updates. In addition to archiving papers, the editors run and publish the most extensive ongoing survey of academic philosophers.
2017 CNPSC offensive
The 2017 CNPSC offensive was a military offensive launched by rebels of the National Coalition of the People for the Sovereignty of Congo (CNPSC) on 30 June 2017 against security forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and MONUSCO. The goal of the offensive was to capture major settlements, mainly in South Kivu province in order to raise support for a popular uprising against then-president Joseph Kabila, who the coalition had deemed as an illegitimate president.

The offensive culminated in the Battle of Uvira in which rebels attempted to capture the major city, but were eventually pushed out by state security forces. The offensive continued after the battle, but then ended as a counter offensive by the FARDC began in December.

2017 Uvira clashes
The 2017 Uvira clashes were a series of skirmishes between the National Coalition of the People for the Sovereignty of Congo (CNPSC) and the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) supported by United Nations MONUSCO peacekeepers in and around the city of Uvira, in the South Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The clashes were a result of the CNPSC coalition's rebellion that began several months earlier, in which the coalition declared its intent to capture the city.
National Youth Summit
The National Youth Summit, subtitled "Young People: Partners in Fulfilling the Promise," occurred June 22 through June 25, 2000 in Orlando, Florida. Coordinated by the Corporation for National Service, America's Promise and the Points of Light Foundation, the event drew approximately 1,200 youth and adults. The Summit was a follow-up to the "White House Conference on Teenagers: Raising Responsible and Resourceful Youth" held May 2, 2000. The Summit was attributed with increasing attendance at the simultaneous National Community Service Conference, and with raising national awareness about youth service and service learning.

Points of Light
Points of Light is an international nonprofit, nonpartisan organization headquartered in Georgia, United States dedicated to engaging more people and resources in solving serious social problems through voluntary service.

Each year, Points of Light mobilizes millions of people through affiliates in approximately 250 cities and partnerships with thousands of nonprofits and companies.
Prussian Eastern Railway
The Prussian Eastern Railway (German: Preußische Ostbahn) was a railway in the Kingdom of Prussia and later Germany until 1918. Its main route, approximately 740 kilometers (460 mi) long, connected the capital, Berlin, with the cities of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland) and Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia). At Eydtkuhnen (now Chernyshevskoye, Russia) it reached the German Empire's border with the Russian Empire. The first part of the line opened in 1851, reaching Eydtkuhnen in 1860. By March 1880 the total route length reached 2,210 kilometers (1,370 mi), with a main parallel route in the south via Bromberg (now Bydgoszcz, Poland) and Thorn (now Toruń, Poland) to Insterburg (now Chernyakhovsk, Russia). The lines were the first part of the later Prussian State Railways (German: Preußische Staatseisenbahnen).

Upper Silesian Railway
The Upper Silesian Railway (German: Oberschlesische Eisenbahn, OSE, Polish: Kolej Górnośląska) was one of the earliest railways in Silesia. It connected Wrocław (Breslau) in Lower Silesia with Mysłowice (Myslowitz) in Upper Silesia. The first section was opened in 1842 (1842) and the last in 1846 (1846), after which it ran until merged into the Prussian state railways in 1883 (1883).
Silloth Lifeboat Station
Silloth Lifeboat Station is located at the end of Lawn Terrace, in Silloth, a port town sitting on the Solway Firth, approximately 20 miles (32 km) due west of Carlisle, on the north west coast of Cumbria.

An Inshore lifeboat was first stationed in Silloth by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1860.

The station currently operates a B-class (Atlantic 85) Inshore lifeboat, Elaine and Don Wilkinson (B-828), on station since 2008.

Atlantic 85-class lifeboat
The Atlantic 85 is a third-generation B-class rigid inflatable boat (RIB)  inshore lifeboat. It is operated around the shores of the British Isles and the Channel Islands by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI). It was developed from the Atlantic 21 and the later Atlantic 75. It entered service in 2005, and gradually replaced the Atlantic 75.

The Atlantic design of the B-class of lifeboats is named after Atlantic College, where the design was developed.