hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vivid designator
In modal logic and the philosophy of language, a vivid designator is a term which is believed to designate the same thing in all possible worlds and nothing else where such an object does not exist in a possible world. It is the analogue, in the sense of believing, of a rigid designator, which is (refers to) the same in all possible worlds, rather than is just believed to be so.

Possible world
A possible world is a complete and consistent way the world is or could have been. Possible worlds are widely used as a formal device in logic, philosophy, and linguistics in order to provide a semantics for intensional and modal logic. Their metaphysical status has been a subject of controversy in philosophy, with modal realists such as David Lewis arguing that there are literally existing alternate realities, and others such as Robert Stalnaker arguing that alternate realities do not exist.
Peribonka River
The Peribonka River (French: Rivière Péribonka) is a river emptying in Sainte-Monique, in Lac-Saint-Jean-Est Regional County Municipality, in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean area in Quebec, Canada. It is 451 kilometres (280 mi) long and drains an area of 28,200 square kilometres (10,900 sq mi). It drains into Lac Saint-Jean at Pointe-Taillon National Park and is the largest tributary of this lake. The town of Péribonka is located on the north shore of Lac St-Jean at the river's mouth.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this valley; recreational tourism activities, second; hydroelectricity, third.

The surface of the Péribonka River is usually frozen from the end of November to the beginning of April, but it is generally safe to drive on the ice from mid-December to the end of March.

Le Fjord-du-Saguenay Regional County Municipality
Le Fjord-du-Saguenay  (French pronunciation: [lə fjɔʁ dy saɡnɛ], The Fjord of the Saguenay [river]) is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is Saint-Honoré, which is also its most populous municipality.

It is named for the fjord part of the Saguenay River, protruding out of the Saint Lawrence River into the southern section of the RCM. It is located adjacent to the city of Saguenay and practically surrounds it. It has a land area of 40,232.41 km2 (15,533.82 sq mi) and a Canada 2011 Census population of 20,465 inhabitants.

Le Fjord-du-Saguenay is one of the few regional county municipalities in Quebec that does not constitute its own census division; instead, it is grouped with Saguenay as the single census division of Le Saguenay-et-son-Fjord; the territory of the census division corresponds exactly to that of the old pre-2002 Le Fjord-du-Saguenay regional county municipality.
Mike Sainristil
Mike Sainristil (/ˈmaɪki ˈseɪnrɪstɪl/ MY-kee SANE-rih-stil; born October 3, 2000) is a Haitian American professional football cornerback for the Washington Commanders of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Michigan Wolverines, winning a national championship and earning All-American honors in 2023. Sainristil was selected by the Commanders in the second round of the 2024 NFL draft.

2024 NFL draft
The 2024 NFL draft was the 89th annual meeting of National Football League (NFL) franchises to select newly eligible players. The draft was held at Campus Martius Park and Hart Plaza in Detroit on April 25–27, 2024. The draft had an attendance of over 775,000, breaking the record previously set in 2019.

Six quarterbacks were selected in the first round—Caleb Williams, Jayden Daniels, Drake Maye, Michael Penix Jr., J. J. McCarthy, and Bo Nix—tying the record from 1983. The six were within the first 12 picks, with five in the top 10. Conversely, for the first time since the 1970 AFL–NFL merger, no quarterbacks were selected in the second through fourth rounds. Seven wide receivers were also selected in the first round, tying the record from 2004. A record 23 offensive players were selected in the first round, with 14 consecutive offensive players to start the draft.
Roman Kravets (blogger)
Roman Oleksandrovych Kravets (Ukrainian: Роман Олександрович Кравець; born July 8, 1994 in Kherson) is a Ukrainian blogger and politician. He was recognized as a People's Deputy of Ukraine of the 9th convocation from the Servant of the People party on 19 January 2026, but refused the mandate. According to media reports, he is the administrator of the Telegram channel “Joker”.

According to the Security Service of Ukraine, Roman Kravets's Telegram channel Joker is engaged in anti-Ukrainian and State propaganda in the Russian Federation.

He is the subject of a number of journalistic investigations, where he is accused of discrediting, threatening and extorting money from Ukrainian businesses.

Propaganda in Russia
The propaganda of the Russian Federation promotes views, perceptions or agendas of the government. The media include state-run outlets and online technologies, and may involve using "Soviet-style 'active measures' as an element of modern Russian 'political warfare'". Notably, contemporary Russian propaganda  promotes the cult of personality of Vladimir Putin and positive views of Soviet history. Russia has established a number of organizations, such as the Presidential Commission of the Russian Federation to Counter Attempts to Falsify History to the Detriment of Russia's Interests (active 2009-2012), the Russian web brigades, and others that engage in political propaganda to promote the views of the Russian government.
Super Sherman
The Sherman M-50 and the Sherman M-51, both often referred to abroad as the Super Sherman, were modified versions of the American M4 Sherman tank that served with the Israel Defense Forces from the mid-1950s to early 1980s. The M-51 was also referred to as the Isherman (i.e. Israeli Sherman). However, the nicknames "Super Sherman" and "Isherman" were never officially used by the Israeli Defense Forces.

AMX-13
The AMX-13 is a French light tank produced from 1952 to 1987. It served with the French Army, as the Char 13t-75 Modèle 51, and was exported to more than 26 other nations. Named after its initial weight of 13 tonnes, and featuring a tough and reliable chassis, it was fitted with an oscillating turret built by GIAT Industries (now KNDS_France) with revolver-type magazines, which were also used on the Austrian SK-105 Kürassier. Including prototypes and export versions, over a hundred variants exist, including self-propelled guns, anti-aircraft systems, APCs, and ATGM versions.
Thuppakki Munai
Thuppakki Munai (transl. Gun Point) is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film directed by Dinesh Selvaraj and produced by S. Thanu under his production banner V. Creations. The film stars Vikram Prabhu and Hansika Motwani. Music is composed by L. V. Muthu Ganesh and film edited by Bhuvan Srinivasan. The film released on 14 December 2018.

Kalaipuli S. Thanu
Kalaipuli S. Thanu (pronounced [ðaːnu]) is an Indian film producer and distributor, known for his films in Tamil cinema. He has produced several films through his two companies, V Creations and Kalaipuli Films International. Many of his films have been commercially successful, three of which are among the top-ten highest grossing Tamil films. He has won two National Film Awards, two Cinema Express Awards and one Filmfare Awards South.
Noah The New Year 2022
Noah The New Year 2022 was a professional wrestling event promoted by CyberFight's sub-brand Pro Wrestling Noah. It took place on January 1, 2022, in Tokyo, Japan, at the Nippon Budokan. The event aired on CyberAgent's AbemaTV online linear television service and CyberFight's streaming service Wrestle Universe. It was the first pay-per-view promoted by Noah in 2022.

The event featured ten matches with four of Noah's championships on the line. The main event saw Katsuhiko Nakajima defeat Go Shiozaki to retain the GHC Heavyweight Championship. Other top matches included Kenoh successfully defending the GHC National Championship against Kaito Kiyomiya, Keiji Muto and Naomichi Marufuji defeated M's Alliance stablemates Masaaki Mochizuki and Masato Tanaka to retain the GHC Tag Team Championship, and Hayata defeated Yoshinari Ogawa to retain the GHC Junior Heavyweight Championship.

GHC Junior Heavyweight Championship
The Global Honored Crown (GHC) Junior Heavyweight Championship (Japanese: GHCジュニアヘビー級王座, Hepburn: GHC Junia Hebī-kyū Ōza) is a professional wrestling title in Japanese promotion Pro Wrestling Noah, contested exclusively among junior heavyweight (<100 kg) wrestlers. It was created in 2001 when Yoshinobu Kanemaru defeated Juventud Guerrera in a 12-man tournament final. In addition to Japan, the title has also been defended in the United States, United Kingdom and Germany.

As of July 13, 2024, there have been a total of 60 reigns shared between 29 different champions. The current champion is Amakusa, who is in his third reign. He won the title by defeating Hiromu Takahashi at Noah The New Year 2026.
Orhun Ene
Orhun Ene (born 1 February 1967 in Erzurum, Turkey) is a Turkish former professional basketball player and coach. He was most currently the head coach for Tofaş of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL). During his playing career, at a height of 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) tall, he played at the point guard position.

Coach (basketball)
Basketball coaching is the act of directing and strategizing the behavior of a basketball team or individual basketball player. Basketball coaching typically encompasses the improvement of individual and team offensive and defensive skills, as well as overall physical conditioning. Coaches also have the responsibility to improve their team by player development, strategy, and in-game management. Coaches also teach and inspire their team to be their best.

Coaching is usually performed by a single person, often with the help of one or more assistants.
McClurg Branch
McClurg Branch is a stream in Iron County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Cedar Creek.

The stream headwaters arise around 37°39′26″N 90°47′28″W﻿ / ﻿37.65722°N 90.79111°W﻿ / 37.65722; -90.79111 at an elevation of around 1320 feet. The stream flows northwest and then north to its confluence at 37°42′18″N 90°48′54″W﻿ / ﻿37.70500°N 90.81500°W﻿ / 37.70500; -90.81500 and an elevation of 968 feet. The stream valley is also known as Coon Hollow. The confluence is just south of Missouri Route 32 about one mile east of the community of Banner. Belleview is about five miles to the east.

McClurg Branch has the name of Jake McClurg, an early settler.

Cedar Creek (Big River tributary)
Cedar Creek is a stream in Iron and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Missouri.  It is a tributary to Big River.

The stream headwaters are in northern Iron County just southeast of the intersection of Missouri Route 32 and Missouri Route A and it flows northeast parallel to Route 32 past Banner. It crosses under Route 32 and enters Washington County to the east of Logan Mountain. It continues northeast passing under Missouri Route 21 and southeast of Caledonia and on to its confluence with the Big River southwest of Irondale in southern Washington County.

Cedar Creek was named for the cedar timber along its course.
Blackbird (comics)
The Blackbird (also known as the X-Jet) is a fictional jet aircraft appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Dave Cockrum, the aircraft first appeared in X-Men #94 (August 1975). The Blackbird concept has survived multiple redesigns over the years. It is used primarily by the X-Men as a personal transport vehicle.

Chris Claremont
Christopher S. Claremont (/ˈklɛərmɒnt/) is an American comic book writer and novelist. Claremont worked for 16 years on Uncanny X-Men from 1975 to 1991, longer than that of any other writer, during which he is credited with developing strong female characters as well as introducing complex literary themes into superhero narratives, turning the once underachieving comic into one of Marvel's most popular series. During his tenure, X-Men was the best-selling comic book in the world.

During his tenure at Marvel, Claremont co-created dozens of X-Men characters. He wrote the stories "The Dark Phoenix Saga" and "Days of Future Past", on which he collaborated with John Byrne. He developed the character of Wolverine. X-Men #1, the 1991 spinoff series premiere that Claremont co-wrote with Jim Lee, is the bestselling comic book of all time, according to Guinness World Records. In 2015, Claremont and Byrne were entered into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame.
Daniel G. Bobrow
Daniel Gureasko Bobrow (29 November 1935 – 20 March 2017) was an American computer scientist who created an oft-cited artificial intelligence program STUDENT, with which he earned his PhD., worked at BBN Technologies (BBN), then was a Research Fellow in the Intelligent Systems Laboratory of the Palo Alto Research Center.

Born in New York City, he earned his BS from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1957, SM from Harvard in 1958, and PhD in mathematics from MIT under the supervision of Marvin Minsky in 1964. At BBN, he was a developer of TENEX.

Bobrow was the president of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), chair of the Cognitive Science Society, Editor-in-chief of the journal Artificial Intelligence.  He shared the 1992 ACM Software System Award with five other PARC scientists (Richard R. Burton, L. Peter Deutsch, Ronald Kaplan, Larry Masinter, and Warren Teitelman)  for his work on Interlisp. He was an ACM Fellow and a AAAI fellow.

Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is an international scientific society devoted to promote research in, and responsible use of, artificial intelligence (AI). AAAI also aims to increase public understanding of AI, improve the teaching and training of AI practitioners, and provide guidance for research planners and funders concerning the importance and potential of current AI developments and future directions.
Drusilla (daughter of Ptolemy of Mauretania)
Drusilla (Greek: Δρουσίλλη; between 30-40 AD – after 54 AD) was a princess of the Roman client kingdom of Mauretania in North Africa. She was a descendant of Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Ptolemaic Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony, most likely through their grandson, Ptolemy of Mauretania. She was married to the procurator Marcus Antonius Felix in the reign of Roman emperor Claudius.

Mauretania
Mauretania (/ˌmɒrɪˈteɪniə, ˌmɔːrɪ-/; Classical Latin: [mau̯.reːˈt̪aː.ni.a]) is the Latin name for a region in the ancient Maghreb. It extended from central present-day Algeria to the Atlantic, encompassing northern present-day Morocco, and from the Mediterranean in the north to the Atlas Mountains. Its native inhabitants, of Berber ancestry, were known to the Romans as the Mauri and the Masaesyli.

In 25 BC, the kings of Mauretania became Roman vassals until about 44 AD, when the area was annexed to Rome and divided into two provinces: Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. Christianity spread there from the 3rd century onwards. After the Muslim Arabs subdued the region in the 7th century, Islam became the dominant religion.
Rudolf of Bruges
Rudolf (Rudolph) of Bruges was a Flemish translator from Arabic into Latin active in the twelfth century who worked at the Toledo School of Translators.

He was a pupil of Hermann of Carinthia. He was an astronomer, and translated into Latin as Liber de compositione astrolabii, a major work of Islamic science on the astrolabe by Maslamah Ibn Ahmad al-Majriti, that he dedicated to his colleague at the Toledo School, John of Seville.

He also produced commentary on Ptolemy's Planisphaerium by the same author.

Herman of Carinthia
Herman of Carinthia (1105/1110 – after 1154), also called Hermannus Dalmata, Hermannus Secundus, or Sclavus Dalmata, by his own words born in the "heart of Istria", was a philosopher, astronomer, astrologer, mathematician and translator of Arabic works into Latin.

Alongside Adelard of Bath, John of Seville, Gerard of Cremona and Plato of Tivoli, Herman is the most important translator of Arabic astronomical works in 12th century. The influence of his translations on the development of medieval European astronomy was especially large.
Peter Bagge
Peter Bagge (pronounced /bæɡ/, as in bag; born December 11, 1957) is an American cartoonist whose best-known work includes the comics Neat Stuff and Hate. His stories often use black humor and exaggerated cartooning to dramatize the reduced expectations of middle-class American youth. He won two Harvey Awards in 1991, one for best cartoonist and one for his work on Hate. In recent decades Bagge has done more fact-based comics, everything from biographies to history to comics journalism. Publishers of Bagge's articles, illustrations, and comics include suck.com, MAD Magazine, toonlet, Discover, and the Weekly World News, with the comic strip Adventures of Batboy. He has expressed his libertarian views in features for Reason.

Reason (magazine)
Reason is an American libertarian monthly magazine published by the Reason Foundation. As of 2024, the magazine has a circulation of about 50,000 (print and online), reaching nearly two million social media followers.
Subway Stories
Subway Stories: Tales from the Underground is a film made in 1997 and produced by Home Box Office for television.  It began as a contest among New Yorkers who submitted stories about their experiences within the New York City Subway.  HBO picked ten of the stories and cast mostly well-known or accomplished actors (such as Denis Leary, Bonnie Hunt, Rosie Perez and Bill Irwin), and ten well-respected directors (such as Jonathan Demme, Ted Demme, Abel Ferrara, Craig McKay, Julie Dash, and Bob Balaban).

Bonnie Hunt
Bonnie Hunt (born September 22, 1961) is an American actress and comedian. Her film roles include Rain Man, Beethoven, Beethoven's 2nd, Jumanji, Jerry Maguire, The Green Mile, Cheaper by the Dozen, Cheaper by the Dozen 2, and Red One.

Hunt has done voice work starting with A Bug's Life (1998) and went on to voice characters in multiple animated franchises including Monsters, Inc. (2001-present), Cars (2006-present), Toy Story (2010-present), and Zootopia (2016-present). She starred in Grand and Davis Rules, as well as creating, producing, writing, and starring in The Building, Bonnie, and Life with Bonnie. From 2008 to 2010, she hosted The Bonnie Hunt Show.
Me Kommeni Tin Anasa
Me Kommeni Tin Anasa (Greek: Με Κομμένη Την Ανάσα; English: Breathless) is the first compilation album by popular Greek singer-songwriter Sakis Rouvas, released on 5 October 1999 by Universal Music Greece. It features 16 of his biggest hit singles as well as a bonus CD single with four remixes and an English track called "Oh Girl". The album received a platinum certification.

Oh Girl
"Oh Girl" is a song written by Eugene Record and recorded by the American soul vocal group the Chi-Lites, with Record on vocals and also producing. It was released as a single on Brunswick Records in 1972. Included on the group's 1972 album A Lonely Man, "Oh Girl" centers on a relationship on the verge of break-up.

"Oh Girl" was the Chi-Lites' first and only No. 1 single on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at that position in May 1972 for one week. The single also reached the top position of the Billboard R&B Singles chart the following month, remaining in that position for two weeks. Billboard ranked it as the No. 13 song for 1972. In addition, it reached No. 14 on the UK Singles Chart in July 1972, and was a UK hit again in 1975 when reissued as a double A-side with "Have You Seen Her", this time reaching a new peak of No. 5.

The song prominently features a harmonica.
Xu Yanshu
Xu Yanshu (born 14 July 1998)  is a Chinese rhythmic gymnast. She competed in the group all-around at the 2020 Olympic Games where the Chinese group finished fourth, and she competed at the 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021 World Championships.

2021 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships
The 2021 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships were held from 27 to 31 October 2021 in Kitakyushu, Japan.

Dina Averina broke the record for the most medals won at the Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships with 22 total medals and also became the first gymnast to win four World all-around titles. Alina Harnasko won the gold medal in the ribbon, becoming the first non-Russian individual World Champion since 2013 and the first Belarusian individual World Champion since 1996. The Russian group won their fifth consecutive World all-around title.
Hallraker: Live!
Hallraker: Live! is a live album by the American punk rock band the Descendents, released in 1989 through SST Records. It was their second live album and served as a companion to 1987's Liveage!; both albums were recorded on the band's spring and summer 1987 tours but feature completely different sets of songs. The recordings for Hallraker: Live! came from an April 9 show at Berkeley Square, Berkeley, California and a July 13 show at First Avenue in Minneapolis. Singer Milo Aukerman left the band after these tours to pursue a career in biochemistry, and the band relaunched itself under the name ALL.

Berkeley Square (club)
Berkeley Square was a small music club located at 1333 University Avenue in Berkeley, California, operating in the 1970s through 1990s. Many nationally known bands and artists played there, including Tupac, Primus, the Ramones, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Dread Zeppelin, Lords of the New Church, Phish, Swans, Crash Worship, Green Day, Mod Fun, Translator, Soundgarden, AFI, Papa Roach, Rancid in 1989 and No Doubt.

The 1943 Oakland phone directory features a full-page ad for "Ed Hogarty's Berkeley Square," at that location, with a "cocktail lounge, restaurant and retail store." A small strip of businesses now operate in the former venue, including Woolly Mammoth Daycare. A tall sign with the Berkeley Square name and address still stands at the site.
Venezuela at the Olympics
Venezuela first participated at the Olympic Games in 1948, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then. Venezuela has also participated in the Winter Olympic Games since 1998. The Venezuelan Olympic Committee (COV) was created in 1935.

The first Venezuelan athlete to participate in the Olympic Games was cyclist Julio César León in London 1948. In 1968 Francisco Rodríguez earned the first gold medal. The first Venezuelan to participate in the Winter Olympic Games was Iginia Boccalandro, in the 1998 Winter Olympics.

Venezuelan athletes have won a total of nineteen medals, all at Summer Games, with boxing (six medals; one gold, three silver, two bronze) being the most successful sport. The most successful Olympian is Yulimar Rojas, Venezuela's only multi-medalist in a regular Games, with one gold and one silver in women's triple jump.

Francisco Rodríguez (boxer, born 1945)
Francisco Antonio Rodríguez Brito (20 September 1945 – 23 April 2024) was a Venezuelan boxer. At the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City he won the gold medal in the inaugural men's light flyweight (– 48 kg) division, in addition to claiming the gold at the 1967 and 1971 Pan American Games. He carried the flag for his native country at the opening ceremony at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. Rodríguez died on 23 April 2024, at the age of 78.
Armand Gaudreault
Armand Gérard Gaudreault (July 14, 1921 – July 2, 2013) was a Canadian ice hockey player. He played 44 games in the National Hockey League with the Boston Bruins during the 1944–45 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1940 to 1952, was spent in the Quebec Senior Hockey League and the American Hockey League. Gaudreault was born in Lac Saint-Jean, Quebec.

Quebec Senior Hockey League
The Quebec Senior Hockey League (QSHL) was an ice hockey league that operated from 1941 to 1959, based in Quebec, Canada. The league played senior ice hockey under the jurisdiction of the Quebec Amateur Hockey Association until 1953, when it became professional and operated as the Quebec Hockey League (QHL).