hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Changhsing
The Battle of Changhsing (26 November 1895), popularly known in Taiwan as the Battle of the Burning Village was the last set-piece battle during the Japanese invasion of Taiwan. It was fought by Hakka militia and armed civilians against the invading Imperial Japanese Army in Changhsing village (長興村). The battle earned its name from the fact that the entire village was burnt to the ground by the Japanese during their attempts to capture it from the Formosans.

Republic of Formosa
The Republic of Formosa was a short-lived unrecognized state that existed on the island of Taiwan in 1895 during the interregnum between the formal cession of Taiwan by the Qing dynasty of China to the Empire of Japan after the Treaty of Shimonoseki. The Republic lasted for 151 days; it was proclaimed on 23 May 1895 and extinguished on 21 October, when its capital of Tainan was taken over by the Japanese and they established control on the island.
2019–20 C.D. Aves season
The 2019–20 season was C.D. Aves's 90th season in existence and third consecutive season in the Primeira Liga. They also competed in the Taça de Portugal and the Taça da Liga. The team ceased to exist after this season.

C.D. Aves
Clube Desportivo das Aves (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈkluβɨ ðɨʃpuɾˈtivu ðɐz ˈavɨʃ]), commonly known as Desportivo das Aves, or simply as Aves, was a Portuguese football club based in Vila das Aves, Santo Tirso. The club was founded on 12 November 1930 and played at the Estádio do Clube Desportivo das Aves, which holds a seating capacity of 6,230.

As a sports club, it has football schools for junior players and two futsal teams for both men and women, as well as a football trial system to help younger players come through the academy. The club's official supporters' group was the Força Avense.
Arthrochilus prolixus
Arthrochilus prolixus, commonly known as wispy elbow orchid, is a flowering plant in the orchid family (Orchidaceae) and is endemic to eastern Australia. It has a rosette of bluish green leaves at its base and up to twenty two pale green, insect-like flowers with dark reddish to purplish glands on its labellum.

Gland (botany)
In plants, a gland is defined functionally as a plant structure which secretes one or more products.  This may be located on or near the plant surface and secrete externally, or be internal to the plant and secrete into a canal or reservoir.  Examples include glandular hairs, nectaries, hydathodes, and the resin canals in Pinus.
Ran Kolla
Ran Kolla (Sinhala: රං කොල්ලා; lit. 'Golden Boy') is a 2022 Sri Lankan Sinhala-language drama film directed by Sumith Rathnayake in his directorial cinema debut and produced by Madhuka Madawala for Ma Films Lanka. The film is based on the novel by the same name written by Shanti Dissanayake. It stars child actor Okitha Damsath with Jayalath Manoratne, Iranganie Serasinghe, and Chandani Seneviratne in lead roles along with Geetha Kanthi Jayakody, Hemasiri Liyanage, Sumith Rathnayake, Madani Malwattage in supportive roles.

The film was released on 18 November 2022. Before that, a special press screening was held at Tharangani Cinema Hall on 17 November 2022. The film received mixed reviews from critics.

Hemasiri Liyanage
Hemasiri Dhanawatha Liyanage  (Sinhala: හේමසිරි ලියනගේ, born December 25, 1942), is an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, theater, and television. He is well known for the dramatic roles in Thattu Gewal and Thaththa teledramas and films Sankranthi, Sthuthi Nawatha Enna and Madhura Charika.
Sonnet 22
Sonnet 22 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare, and is a part of the Fair Youth sequence.

In the sonnet, the speaker of the poem and a young man are represented as enjoying a healthy and positive relationship. The last line, however, hints at the speaker's doubts, which becomes prominent later in the sequence.

Sonnet
A sonnet is a fixed poetic form with a structure traditionally consisting of fourteen lines adhering to a set rhyming scheme. The term derives from the Italian word sonetto (lit. 'little song', from the Latin word sonus, lit. 'sound'). Originating in 13th-century Sicily, the sonnet was in time taken up in many European-language areas, mainly to express romantic love at first, although eventually any subject was considered acceptable. Many formal variations were also introduced, including abandonment of the quatorzain limit – and even of rhyme altogether in modern times.
Al-Qassabin
Al-Qassabin (Arabic: القصابين) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Jableh District of the Latakia Governorate, and located south of Latakia. Nearby localities include Ayn al-Sharqiyah and Beit Yashout to the east and Siyano, Jableh and Bustan al-Basha to the northwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, al-Qassabin had a population of 780 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

The town is notable as the birthplace of the Syrian poet Ali Ahmed Said, better known as Adunis.

Ayn al-Sharqiyah
Ayn al-Sharqiyah (Arabic: عين الشرقية, also spelled Ain esh-Sharqiye) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Jableh District in the Latakia Governorate, located southeast of Latakia. Nearby localities include Siyano to the northwest, Zama to the north, Ayn al-Kurum to the northeast, Beit Yashout to the east, Nahr al-Bared to the southeast, Daliyah to the south, Dweir Baabda, Baniyas and Arab al-Mulk to the southwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Ayn al-Sharqiyah had a population of 2,359 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of a nahiyah ("sub-district") containing 22 localities which had a collective population of 16,800 in 2004. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.Until the 1920s, the village had a population of around 25 Greek Orthodox Christian families with the surname Haddad, Touma and Helou. Between 1891 and 1911, they emigrated to Brazil and Argentina.
Japan (2023 film)
Japan is a 2023 Indian Tamil-language action comedy and heist film written and directed by Raju Murugan. It is produced by S. R. Prakash Babu and S. R. Prabhu under Dream Warrior Pictures. The film stars Karthi and Anu Emmanuel, alongside Sunil, Vijay Milton and Jithan Ramesh.

The film was officially announced in August 2022. Principal photography began in November, and wrapped by late-June 2023. The title Japan was revealed in the same month. The film has music composed G. V. Prakash Kumar, cinematography handled by Ravi Varman and editing by Philomin Raj.

Japan was released on 10 November 2023, the week of Diwali. The film was heavily panned by critics and became a box-office bomb.

Raju Murugan
Raju Murugan is a writer, journalist-turned-filmmaker from Tiruvarur village Abivirutheeswaram Near Koradacheri. His works include Vattiyum Muthalum, Ondru and Gypsy, all of which were published in Ananda Vikatan. He made his directorial debut with Cuckoo (2014). His second film, Joker, was conferred the Best Feature Film in Tamil award at the 64th National Film Awards. He worked as an assistant to Lingusamy for 3 years.
Masters and Servants (TV series)
Masters and Servants is a reality television show by RDF Media, which aired in the summer of 2003 on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom. There were four episodes. The show has not since been recommissioned.

RDF Television
RDF Television was a British independent television production company that was owned by French production & distribution group Zodiak Media since 2010 before being merged with Banijay Group in 2016. It was founded in 1993 by David Frank after stepping down as a reporter at the BBC. The name ceased in 2024.
Robert McGhee (minister)
Robert McGhee was a prominent Church of Scotland minister who championed the evangelical movement in Scotland throughout the second half of the 20th century. He was a signatory of the Manila Manifesto and was nominated for the position of Moderator several times. He was head of the Church's Board of Social Responsibility (one of the Church's six councils, and the largest voluntary provider of social care in Scotland) during the 1980s.

Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the minister or elder chosen to moderate (chair) the annual General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which is held for a week in Edinburgh every year. After chairing the Assembly, the Moderator then spends the following year representing the Church of Scotland at civic events, and visiting congregations and projects in Scotland and beyond.

As the Church of Scotland is Scotland's national church, and as a presbyterian church has no bishops, the Moderator is – arguably alongside the Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland – the most prominent figure in the life of Church of Scotland adherents.
Broadway to Hollywood (film)
Broadway to Hollywood is a 1933 American pre-Code musical film directed by Willard Mack, produced by Harry Rapf, cinematography by Norbert Brodine and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The film features many of MGM's stars of the time, including Frank Morgan, Alice Brady, May Robson, Madge Evans, Jimmy Durante, Mickey Rooney, and Jackie Cooper. Brothers Moe Howard and Curly Howard of The Three Stooges appear—without Ted Healy and without Larry Fine—almost unrecognizably, as Otto and Fritz, two clowns in makeup. It was the first film to feature Nelson Eddy.

May Robson
Mary Jeanette Robison (19 April 1858 – 20 October 1942), known professionally as May Robson, was an Australian-born America-based actress whose career spanned 58 years, starting in 1883 when she was 25. A major stage actress of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, she is remembered for the dozens of films she appeared in during the 1930s, when she was in her 70s.

Robson was the earliest-born person, and the first Australian to be nominated for an Academy Award (for her leading role in Lady for a Day in 1933).
Andruew Tang
Andruew Tang You Liang (born 28 February 1989) is a Singaporean professional wrestler. He is the co-founder and head coach of Singapore Pro Wrestling, where he also performs as a wrestler under the ring name "The Statement" Andruew Tang. He is the first Singaporean professional wrestler and the current SPW Southeast Asian Champion. Tang is a record five-time SPW SEA Champion and is also the championship's longest reigning with a record of 862 days in his fourth reign. Tang frequents the Japanese wrestling scene, and has primarily performed for Gatoh Move Pro Wrestling while also appearing on multiple promotions including NJPW, Dragon Gate and Gleat.

Gleat
Gleat (stylized as GLEAT and pronounced as "great") is a Japanese professional wrestling and mixed martial arts promotion founded in 2020 by former Pro Wrestling Noah parent company Lidet Entertainment after the acquisition of Noah and DDT Pro-Wrestling by CyberAgent. The promotion is overseen by Hiroyuki Suzuki and former mixed martial artist and professional wrestler Kiyoshi Tamura. The promotion emphasizes the use of the UWFi combat sports-based wrestling style.
Spotted rainbowfish
The spotted rainbowfish (Glossolepis maculosus) is a species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae. It is endemic to the river systems of the Markham and Ramu Rivers in Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea. This species was described by Gerald R. Allen in 1981 with the type locality given as a small tributary of the Omsis River, about 22 kilometers west of Lae in the  Markham River system, Papua New Guinea.

Rainbowfish
Rainbowfishes are small, colourful freshwater fishes belonging to the family Melanotaeniidae, found in northern and eastern Australia, New Guinea (including islands in Cenderawasih Bay and Raja Ampat Islands in Indonesia), Sulawesi and Madagascar.

The largest rainbowfish genus and the type of the family, Melanotaenia, derives from the ancient Greek melano (black) and taenia (banded). Translated, it means "black-banded", and is a reference to the often striking lateral black bands that run along the bodies of those in the genus Melanotaenia.
Type X submarine
The Type X (XB) U-boat was a class of large minelaying U-boats built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine from 1939 to 1945. Eight were built during World War II. Although intended as long-range mine-layers, they were mainly used as supply submarines, a task they shared with the Type XIV. Six were lost during the war, one surrendered at sea to the United States Navy and the last one was captured by the Imperial Japanese Navy at the German base of Jakarta.

Type XIV submarine
The Type XIV U-boat was designed to supply other U-boats, being the only submarine tenders built which were not surface ships. It was nicknamed in German the "Milchkuh/Milchkühe (pl.)" (English: milk cows).
Tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride
tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride is an organosilicon compound with the formula (Me3C)Me2SiCl (Me = CH3). It is commonly abbreviated as TBSCl or TBDMSCl.  It is a chlorosilane containing two methyl groups and a tert-butyl group. As such it is more bulky that trimethylsilyl chloride.  It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in many organic solvents but reacts with water and alcohols.  The compound is used to protect alcohols in organic synthesis.

tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride reacts with alcohols in the presence of base to give tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers:

(Me3C)Me2SiCl  +  ROH  →   (Me3C)Me2SiOR  +  HCl

These silyl ethers hydrolyze much more slowly than the trimethylsilyl ethers.

It also can silylate terminal alkynes.

Trimethylsilyl chloride
Trimethylsilyl chloride, also known as chlorotrimethylsilane is an organosilicon compound (silyl halide), with the formula (CH3)3SiCl, often abbreviated Me3SiCl or TMSCl.  It is a colourless volatile liquid that is stable in the absence of water. It is widely used in organic chemistry.
Pattabiramapuram
Pattabiramapuram is a town in Thiruvallur District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is situated 2.9 km east of Tiruttani, on the NH 205 (Chennai-Anantpur national highway). It is 34 km away from Tiruvallur, 66 km away from Tirupati and 80 km away from Chennai.

Tiruttani
Tiruttani is a historic temple town situated in the Tiruvallur district and serves as a suburb of Chennai within the Chennai Metropolitan Area in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The town is famous for the Tiruttani Murugan Temple, an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Kartikeya, also known as Murugan, the Hindu god of war. This temple is one of the Arupadaiveedu, a group of six significant abodes of Murugan. Tiruttani was officially incorporated into the Chennai Metropolitan Area in October 2022, signifying its growing importance and influence within the region.
Randy Baumgardner
Randy L. Baumgardner is an American politician who served in the Colorado House of Representatives from the 57th district from 2009 to 2013, and in the Colorado Senate from the 8th district from 2013 to 2019, as a member of the Republican Party. Baumgardner resigned after more allegations came out against him following an unsuccessful expulsion vote.

Colorado Senate
The Colorado State Senate is the upper house of the Colorado General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Colorado. It is composed of 35 members elected from single-member districts, with each district having a population of about 123,000 as of the 2000 census. Senators are elected to four-year terms, and are limited to two consecutive terms in office. Senators who are term-limited become eligible to run again after a one-term (four year) respite.

The Colorado Senate convenes at the State Capitol in Denver.
Kevin Ashcroft
Kevin Ashcroft (born 5 June 1944) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s, and coached in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and Lancashire, and at club level for the Rochdale Hornets, Dewsbury, Leigh, Warrington and Salford, as a hooker. and coached at club level for Leigh (two spells) and Salford. Ashcroft is a Warrington Hall of Fame inductee.

Rochdale Hornets
The Rochdale Hornets are a professional rugby league club from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England, competing in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league. The Rochdale Hornets are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895, making them one of the world's first rugby league clubs. Their main local rivals are Oldham, Salford Red Devils, Swinton Lions, Halifax and the Huddersfield Giants.
Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein
Franz Joseph II (Franz Josef Maria Alois Alfred Karl Johannes Heinrich Michael Georg Ignaz Benediktus Gerhardus Majella; 16 August 1906 – 13 November 1989) was the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein from 25 July 1938 until his death in November 1989.

Franz Joseph was the son of Prince Alois of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria. He succeeded his childless grand-uncle, Prince Franz I, after his father renounced his right of succession in his favour in 1923. He was an extremely popular sovereign in Liechtenstein. He was the first ruling prince to live full-time in the principality. He also oversaw the economic development of Liechtenstein from a poor agricultural backwater into one of the richest countries (per capita) in the world.

Monarchy of Liechtenstein
The monarchy of Liechtenstein is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of Liechtenstein. The current monarch is Prince Hans-Adam II. The House of Liechtenstein, after which the sovereign principality was named in 1719, hails from Liechtenstein Castle in Lower Austria, which the family possessed from the middle of the twelfth century to the thirteenth century, and from 1807 onward. It is the only remaining European monarchy that practises strict agnatic primogeniture.
2022 Campeonato Pernambucano
The 2022 Campeonato Pernambucano (officially the Pernambucano Betsson 2022 for sponsorship reasons) was the 108th edition of the state championship of Pernambuco organized by FPF. The championship began on 22 January and ended on 30 April 2022.

In the first stage, Sete de Setembro had three points deducted for fielding the ineligible player Bililiu in the match Sete de Setembro v Náutico played on 1 February 2022 (2nd round).

The finals were contested in two-legged home-and-away format between the defending champions Náutico and Retrô. Tied 1–1 on aggregate, Náutico won 4–2 on penalties, winning the tournament for the 24th time. As champions, Náutico qualified for 2023 Copa do Brasil and 2023 Copa do Nordeste. The runners-up, Retrô qualified for 2023 Copa do Brasil and 2023 Copa do Nordeste qualification, while Santa Cruz, the best placed team in the first stage not already qualified, gained the third berth for 2023 Copa do Brasil.

2023 Copa do Brasil
The 2023 Copa do Brasil (officially the Copa Betano do Brasil 2023 for sponsorship reasons) was the 35th edition of the Copa do Brasil football competition. It was held between 21 February and 24 September 2023.

The competition was contested by 92 teams, either qualified by participating in their respective state championships (70), by the 2023 CBF ranking (10), by the 2022 Copa do Nordeste (1), by the 2022 Copa Verde (1), by the 2022 Série B (1), by the 2022 Série A (1) or those qualified for 2023 Copa Libertadores (8).

In the final, São Paulo defeated the defending champions Flamengo to win their first title. As champions, São Paulo qualified for the 2024 Copa Libertadores group stage and the 2024 Supercopa do Brasil.
Obsidian Cliff
Obsidian Cliff, also known as 48YE433, was an important source of lithic materials for prehistoric peoples in Yellowstone National Park near Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyoming, United States.  The cliff was named by Philetus Norris, the second park superintendent in 1878. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.

Mammoth Hot Springs Historic District
The Mammoth Hot Springs Historic District is a 158-acre (64 ha) historic district in Yellowstone National Park comprising the administrative center for the park.  It is composed of two major parts: Fort Yellowstone, the military administrative center between 1886 and 1918, and now a National Historic Landmark, and a concessions district which provides food, shopping, services, and lodging for park visitors and employees. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 20, 2002, for its significance in architecture, conservation, entertainment/recreation, and military. The district includes 189 contributing buildings.
Dan Bidois
Daniel Michael Bidois (born 1983) is a New Zealand politician and economist who sits as the National Party Member for Northcote in the New Zealand House of Representatives. Bidois was elected on 9 June 2018 as the Member for Northcote. He was a Strategy Manager for Foodstuffs prior to his election.

Foodstuffs (company)
Foodstuffs (NZ) Ltd is a New Zealand grocery company owned by the retailers' cooperatives Foodstuffs North Island Limited and Foodstuffs South Island Limited. Together, the two cooperatives collectively control an estimated 53% of the New Zealand grocery market. The group owns retail franchises Four Square, New World and Pak'nSave, and in-store private labels Pams, Pam's Finest, and Pam's Value (formerly named Budget). Foodstuffs operates over 400 retail stores as of 2020, and serves an estimated 3.6 million customers each week.

Foodstuffs' major competitor is the New Zealand division of the Australian Woolworths Group through their main supermarket chain Woolworths New Zealand, creating an effective duopoly in New Zealand's supermarket sector.
Shoot and protect
Shoot and protect is a technique used in video and film production, in which the material is shot in such a way that the areas of interest within a frame lie within a rectangular "protected area" within the frame, with margins at top and bottom and both sides. The action safe and caption safe areas then lie within this protected area. This allows the resulting material to be cropped to any of a wide range of aspect ratios, whether wider or narrower than the shooting format, without losing the most important features of each shot or having to resort to pan and scan or letterboxing. A 14:9 safe area is often chosen as a compromise between 4:3 and 16:9 frame formats.

Safe area (television)
Safe area is a term used in television production to describe the areas of the television picture that can be seen on television screens.

Older televisions can display less of the space outside of the safe area than ones made more recently. Flat panel screens, plasma displays and liquid crystal display (LCD) screens generally can show most of the picture outside the safe areas.

The use of safe areas in television production ensures that the most important parts of the picture are seen by the majority of viewers.

The size of the title-safe area is typically specified in pixels or percent. The NTSC and PAL analog television standards do not specify official overscan amounts, and producers of television programming use their own guidelines.

Some video editing software packages for non-linear editing systems (NLE) solutions have a setting which shows the safe areas while editing.
Towards Zero (film)
Towards Zero (French: L'Heure zéro) is a 2007 French mystery film directed by Pascal Thomas and starring François Morel, Danielle Darrieux and Melvil Poupaud. It is an adaptation of the 1944 novel Towards Zero by Agatha Christie.

Danielle Darrieux
Danielle Yvonne Marie Antoinette Darrieux (French pronunciation: [da.njɛl i.vɔn ma.ʁi ɑ̃.twa.nɛt daʁ.jø]; 1 May 1917 – 17 October 2017) was a French actress of stage, television and film, as well as a singer and dancer.

Beginning in 1931, she appeared in more than 110 films. She was one of France's great movie stars and her eight-decade career was among the longest in film history.