hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Carolina Highway 4
South Carolina Highway 4 (SC 4) is a primary 54.430-mile-long (87.597 km) state highway in the southern part of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The highway connects Aiken and Orangeburg, via Springfield and Neeses.

U.S. Route 78 in South Carolina
U.S. Route 78 (US 78) is a 142.207-mile (228.860 km) U.S. highway that travels from Swifton, Arkansas to Charleston, South Carolina. In the U.S. state of South Carolina, it travels from the Savannah River at North Augusta to its eastern terminus in Charleston; connecting the cities of Aiken, Summerville, and North Charleston.
Cwmorthin Tramway
The Cwmorthin Tramway was a 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) industrial tramway in North Wales, which connected the Ffestiniog Railway to the Cwmorthin Quarry and later the Conglog Slate Quarry. It was built in the 1840s or 1850s, rising through two inclined planes to reach the main Cwmorthin Quarry mill and its internal incline which rose from floor 1 to floor 8. In 1874, it was extended, rising up through a third incline to the Cwmorthin Lake level and continuing along the valley floor to reach the Conglog Quarry. The tracks to Conglog were abandoned in the 1920s and the rest of the tramway ceased to be used from the onset of the Second World War.

Cable railway
A cable railway is a railway that uses a cable, rope or chain to haul trains. It is a type of cable transportation.

The most common use for a cable railway is to move vehicles on a steeply graded line that is too steep for conventional locomotives – this is often called an incline or inclined plane, or, in New Zealand, a jigline, or jig line. A common form of incline is the funicular – an isolated passenger railway where the cars are permanently attached to the cable. In other forms, the cars attach and detach to the cable at the ends of the cable railway. Some cable railways are not steeply graded – these are often used in quarries to move large numbers of wagons between the quarry to the processing plant.
José Antonio Nogueira
José Antonio Goldberger Gomes Nogueira is a Brazilian football coach who is the head coach of Afghanistan. He has previously coached the national teams of Pakistan, Sierra Leone, Guinea-Bissau and Saint Kitts and Nevis.

Afghanistan national football team
The Afghanistan national football team represents Afghanistan in men's international football and is controlled by the Afghanistan Football Federation. The Afghanistan Football Federation was established in 1922 and joined FIFA in 1948. It was also one of the founding members of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) in 1954.

Afghanistan claimed their first international football title and marked a historic moment for Afghan football when they became champions of the 2013 tournament of the SAFF Championship.
Cocatherium
Cocatherium is an extinct genus of marsupial mammals of uncertain family placement, from the earliest Paleocene (early Danian) of South America, predating the Tiupampan South American land mammal age. The genus was described based on a fossil molar that was found in the Danian part of the Cretaceous-Paleogene Lefipán Formation in the Cañadón Asfalto Basin in north-central Patagonia, Argentina. The type species of the genus is C. lefipanum.

The mammal, probably belonging to the Polydolopimorphia, is the oldest known representative of marsupials or any therian mammal in the Southern Hemisphere.

Danian
The Danian is the oldest age or lowest stage of the Paleocene Epoch or Series, of the Paleogene Period or System, and of the Cenozoic Era or Erathem. The beginning of the Danian (and the end of the preceding Maastrichtian) is at the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event 66 Ma. The age ended 61.66 Ma, being followed by the Selandian.
Sarah Bavly
Sarah Bavly (Hebrew: שרה בבלי, also spelled Sara Bavli) (October 18, 1900 – 1993) was a Dutch–Israeli nutritionist, educator, researcher, and author. Having immigrated from the Netherlands to British Mandatory Palestine in 1926, she became the chief dietitian for Hadassah hospitals and head of Hadassah's school lunch program. Her 1939 book Tzunatenu (Our Nutrition) was a standard elementary-school textbook for nearly 30 years. She founded and directed the Institute of Nutrition Education in 1952 and was founder and dean of the College of Nutrition and Home Economics in Jerusalem from 1953 to 1965. After her retirement, she continued to engage in research and conducted periodic nutrition surveys for the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics.

Hadassah Medical Center
Hadassah Medical Center (Hebrew: הָמֶרְכָּז הָרְפוּאִי הֲדַסָּה) is an Israeli medical organization established in 1934 that operates two university hospitals in Jerusalem (one in Ein Karem and one in Mount Scopus) as well as schools of medicine, dentistry, nursing, and pharmacology affiliated with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Its declared mission is to extend a "hand to all, without regard for race, religion or ethnic origin."

The hospital was founded by the Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America, which continues to underwrite a large part of its budget today. The Medical Center ranks as the sixth-largest hospital complex in Israel. Across its two campuses, Hadassah Medical Center has over 1,300 beds, 31 operating theaters and nine special intensive care units, and runs five schools of medical professions.
Butler-McCook Homestead
The Butler-McCook Homestead is a historic house museum at 396 Main Street in Hartford, Connecticut.  Built in 1782, it is one of the city's few surviving 18th-century houses.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.  It is now operated as the Butler-McCook House & Garden by Connecticut Landmarks.

Historic house museum
A historic house museum is a house of historic significance that is preserved as a museum. Historic furnishings may be displayed in a way that reflects their original placement and usage in a home. Historic house museums are held to a variety of standards, including those of the International Council of Museums. Houses are transformed into museums for a number of different reasons. For example, the homes of famous writers are frequently turned into writer's home museums to support literary tourism.
Huang Qian
Huang Qian (Chinese: 黄茜; born July 18, 1986) is a Chinese chess player who holds the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM). She won the Chinese Women's Chess Championship in 2012 and the Asian Women's Chess Championship in 2013. Huang competed in the Women's World Chess Championship in 2001, 2004, 2010, 2012, 2015 and 2017.

Asian Chess Championship
The Asian Chess Championship is a chess tournament open to all players from Asian chess federations (FIDE zones from 3.1 to 3.8). It is held with the Swiss system and consists of two divisions, Open and Women's, the latter of which is reserved to female players. Both sections determine the Asian champions and qualify a certain number of players for the FIDE World Cup and Women's World Cup. The Championship is regulated by the Asian Chess Federation.
Pawura
Pawura, and also: Pauru, Piwure, Puuru/Puwuru was an Egyptian official of the 1350–1335 BC Amarna letters correspondence. As mentioned in letter no. 171, he was also an Egyptian "archer–commander". In letter no. 289 he is called an "irpi–official".  In Egyptian his name means 'the Great One', (Pa-wr/Pa-ur)(letter EA 287:45-"1.-Pa-Ú-Ru")

Pawura's name is referenced in the following letters: (EA for 'el Amarna')

Rib-Haddi–The Rib-Hadda sub-corpus of 68 letters: EA 117, 124, 129, 131, 132, and EA 362.
Aziru–EA 171, by Aziru of Ammuru, Title: "Eager to Serve".
EA 263–EA 263, a short letter. Title: "Robbed of Everything." (author unknown)
Abdi-Heba–EA 287 and EA 289, letters by Abdi-Heba to pharaoh.(see EA 287 here: Photo, EA 287: Reverse)

Pawura's death is mentioned in the Rib-Hadda letters except EA 117, and 124, along with the demise of others, or the warring with the Habiru, or the leaders of Ammuru: (Abdi-Ashirta, or his son, Aziru).

Text corpus
In linguistics and natural language processing, a corpus (pl.: corpora) or text corpus is a dataset, consisting of  natively digital and older, digitalized, language resources, either annotated or unannotated. Annotated, they have been used in corpus linguistics for statistical hypothesis testing, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules within a specific language territory.
Defence Services Technological Academy
The Defence Services Technological Academy (DSTA) (Burmese: တပ်မတော် နည်းပညာ တက္ကသိုလ်, pronounced [taʔmədɔ̀ nípjɪ̀ɰ̃ɲà tɛʔkəθò]), located in Pyin-Oo-Lwin, Myanmar, is the premier technological university of the Myanmar Armed Forces. One of the most selective universities in the country, the academy offers various Bachelor of Engineering degrees to male cadets only. Upon graduation, most DSTA cadets are commissioned as Engineering Officers with the rank of Lieutenant in one of the three branches of Burmese armed forces--army, navy, and air force. Some qualified cadets may choose (or be chosen) to pursue further education in Yangon Technological University, Mandalay Technological University or abroad. Brigadier General Kyi Khine is the Commandant of Defense Services Technological Academy (DSTA).

Myanmar Navy
The Myanmar Navy (Burmese: တပ်မတော် (ရေ); [taʔmədɔ̀ jè]) is the naval warfare branch of the Tatmadaw, the armed forces of Myanmar. With 19,000 active personnel, the navy operates more than 227 vessels. Prior to 1988, the navy was small, and its role in counter-insurgency operations was smaller than those of the army and the air force. The navy has since been expanded to take on a more active role in defense of Myanmar's territorial waters.
Geoffrey Onegi Obel
Geoffrey Alan Onegi Obel is a Ugandan investment banker. He is the founder of the Uganda Securities Exchange and of UAP Old Mutual Financial Services Uganda Limited, a subsidiary of the Nairobi-based financial services conglomerate, UAP Old Mutual Holdings. From 2001 until 2005, he served as the Chairman of NSSF Uganda.

National Social Security Fund (Uganda)
The National Social Security Fund (NSSF) (also NSSF Uganda), is a quasi-government agency responsible for the collection, safekeeping, responsible investment, and distribution of retirement funds from employees of the private sector in Uganda who are not covered by the Government Retirement Scheme. Participation for both employers and employees is compulsory. The Uganda National Social Security Fund is the largest pension fund in the countries of the East African Community, with total assets of USh26 trillion (approx. US$7.397 billion), as of June 2025.
Dawn of Nemunas
The Political Party "Dawn of Nemunas" (Lithuanian: Politinė partija "Nemuno Aušra", PPNA), often shortened to Dawn of Nemunas or Nemunas Dawn (Lithuanian: Nemuno aušra, NA), is a populist and nationalist political party in Lithuania. It was founded in November 2023 by Remigijus Žemaitaitis after his expulsion from the Freedom and Justice party due to his antisemitic statements. In June 2024, the party gained representation in the Seimas after three MPs joined; one formerly of the Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union and two formerly of the Labour Party.

Ideological classifications of the party differ. On social issues, Dawn of Nemunas has often been described as right-wing, while on economic issues it has often been described as centre-left. The party characterises itself as centre-left.

Labour Party (Lithuania)
The Labour Party (Lithuanian: Darbo partija, DP) is a populist centre-left political party in Lithuania. The party was founded in 2003 by the Russian-born millionaire businessman and member of Seimas Viktor Uspaskich.
GR-103545
GR-103545 is a potent and highly selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist primarily employed as a radioligand in positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging research. When radiolabeled with carbon-11, [11C]GR-103545 serves as a neuroimaging tracer for quantifying KOR availability and receptor occupancy in the human brain.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
Sissy Spacek (band)
Sissy Spacek is an American noise band founded in 1999 in Los Angeles and currently consisting of official members John Wiese and Charlie Mumma, along with several collaborators both past and present. Since the release of their self-titled debut album in 2001, they have released a considerable catalogue encompassing genres which include harsh noise, noisecore, grindcore, free improvisation and musique concrete. Early releases consisted of collages of previously recorded demos and live performances with heavy use of cut-up editing. Many works have been released or re-released on Wiese's own label, Helicopter.

Past members or collaborators include Corydon Ronnau, Jesse Jackson, Danny McClain, Sara Taylor (Youth Code), Aaron Hemphill (Liars), Kevin Drumm, as well as Merzbow, Smegma, Hijokaidan and The Haters.

The band was ranked fourth in LA Weekly's 2015 article "The 20 Best Punk Bands in L.A. Right Now".

In 2018, the band toured the US and Japan.

Smegma (band)
Smegma is an American experimental noise group formed in Pasadena, California in 1973. Author Richard Meltzer became their vocalist in the late 1990s. The group was included in the Nurse with Wound list and was featured on the cover of the August 2006 edition of The Wire.
Jean Tulard
Jean Tulard (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ tylaʁ]; born 22 December 1933, Paris) is a French academic and historian. Considered one of the best specialists of Napoleon Bonaparte and the Napoleonic era (Directory, Consulate and First French Empire), he is nicknamed by his peers "the master of Napoleonic studies".

He was a professor at the Sorbonne University and at Sciences Po Paris. He is a member of the Institut de France via the Académie des sciences morales et politiques. He is also very interested in the history of cinema.

Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques
The Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques (French pronunciation: [akademi de sjɑ̃s mɔʁal e pɔlitik]; "Academy of Moral and Political Sciences") is a French learned society. It is one of the five academies of the Institut de France.
South Lodge Hotel
The South Lodge Hotel is a 19th-century five star country house hotel set near Horsham, West Sussex in the south of England.

The hotel has also been used in a number of feature films including the 2014 film A Dark Reflection.

Horsham
Horsham (/ˈhɔːrʃəm/) is a market town on the upper reaches of the River Arun on the fringe of the Weald, in West Sussex, England. The town lies 31 miles (50 km) south-south-west of London, 18.5 miles (30 km) north-west of Brighton and 26 miles (42 km) north-east of the county town of Chichester. Nearby towns include Crawley to the north-east and Haywards Heath and Burgess Hill to the south-east. It is the administrative centre of the Horsham district.
Michael Levine (set designer)
Michael Levine (born 5 November 1960) is a Canadian set designer. He is best known for his work in opera, including the scenic design for the Canadian Opera Company's 2006 production of Wagner's Ring Cycle, directed by Atom Egoyan. Levine has also designed productions for Theatre Passe Muraille, Lyric Opera of Chicago, Vienna State Opera, English National Opera, Teatro alla Scala, Dutch National Opera, Royal Shakespeare Company, the Royal Opera House, and the National Theatre.

Dutch National Opera
The Dutch National Opera (DNO; formerly De Nederlandse Opera, now De Nationale Opera in Dutch) is a Dutch opera company based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Its present home base is the Dutch National Opera & Ballet housed in the Stopera building, a modern building designed by Cees Dam and Wilhelm Holzbauer that opened in 1986.

It received the "Opera Company of the Year" award at the 2016 International Opera Awards.
Friendship (Pittsburgh)
Friendship is a neighborhood of large Victorian houses in the East End of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, about four miles (6 km) east of Pittsburgh's Golden Triangle.  Friendship is bordered on the north by Garfield (at Penn Avenue), on the east by East Liberty (at Negley Avenue), on the south by Shadyside (at Centre Avenue), and on the west by Bloomfield (at Graham Street, according to the City of Pittsburgh). It is divided into three Pittsburgh City Council districts (7, 8, and 9).

Shadyside (Pittsburgh)
Shadyside is a neighborhood in the East End of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It has three zip codes (15206, 15213, and 15232) and representation on Pittsburgh City Council by the council member for District 8 (East Central Neighborhoods). Shadyside is drawn from the name of a 19th-century Pennsylvania Railroad station in the area, which was named for its shady lanes.

Notable neighborhood institutions include UPMC Shadyside hospital, a member of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Chatham University, which is located just across the southern edge of the neighborhood in Squirrel Hill, along with Pittsburgh Center for the Arts, which sits inside Mellon Park.
Jags Krishnan
Jagadish "Jags" Krishnan (born 23 April 1972) is an Indian-born Australian politician and general practitioner. He was elected as a Labor member for Riverton in the Western Australian Legislative Assembly at the 2021 state election.

Western Australian Labor Party
The Western Australian Labor Party, officially known as WA Labor, is the Western Australian branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is the current governing party of Western Australia since winning the 2017 state election under Mark McGowan.
Alan H. Shaw
Alan Howard Shaw is an American business executive who was the president and chief executive officer of Norfolk Southern, a Class I railroad operating freight trains in the United States. He held the CEO position from May 1, 2022 until September 2024.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
2019 Aguelhok attack
The 2019 Aguelhok attack was an attack by Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin against the MINUSMA base in Aguelhok, Mali on January 20, 2019. At the time of the attack, the base was defended by Chadian and Bangladeshi peacekeepers and was later aided by French forces as part of Operation Barkhane.

United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali
The United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (French: Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation au Mali, MINUSMA) was a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Mali. MINUSMA was established on 25 April 2013 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 2100 to stabilise the country after the Tuareg rebellion of 2012, and was terminated over a decade later on 30 June 2023. Officially deployed on 1 July 2013, MINUSMA was the UN's deadliest peacekeeping mission. While UNIFIL, the mission in Lebanon, has lost more peacekeepers overall, by incident type the majority of those deaths at 135 are officially listed as "accidents." At 175 deaths by "malicious act," MINUSMA was officially the deadliest Peacekeeping mission of all time.

During MINUSMA's existence, there were two further international peace operations in Mali. These were the European Union missions EUCAP Sahel Mali and EUTM Mali.
Deva Cassel
Deva Cassel (born 12 September 2004) is an Italian-French model and actress. The   daughter of Italian actress Monica Bellucci and French actor Vincent Cassel. She is a brand ambassador for Cartier and Dior.

Cassel has appeared in numerous Dolce & Gabbana fragrance campaigns, as well as walking their women's "Alta Moda" fashion shows in 2021 and 2022.

In 2023, she made her acting debut in the romantic drama The Beautiful Summer. In 2025, she played Angelica in the Netflix series The Leopard.

The Beautiful Summer (film)
The Beautiful Summer is a 2023 Italian drama film written by Laura Luchetti, Greta Scicchitano and Mario Iannuzziello and directed by Luchetti.

It is loosely based on a novella by Italian author Cesare Pavese, first published in Italian as La bella estate in 1940 and then in a collection of three novellas under the same name in 1949.

The film, like the novella, is set in 1930s (1938 specifically in the film) Italy and is a coming of age story of juvenile love, hope and defeat.

The film premiered at the Locarno Film Festival in 2023.
Maya Rupert
Maya Rupert (born February 4, 1981) is an American political strategist, writer, and advocate. She was the campaign manager for Julian Castro in the 2020 presidential election and for Maya Wiley in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary.

She frequently writes about race, gender, culture, and politics, and has written for numerous publications including The New York Times, The Atlantic, Slate, Salon, and The Washington Post. Rupert contributed a piece to the anthology How I Resist: Activism and Hope for a New Generation, released in 2018. The collection of essays features pieces celebrities and authors and all proceeds were donated to the ACLU.

2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary
The Democratic Party primary for the 2021 New York City mayoral election took place on June 22, 2021. Brooklyn Borough President Eric Adams defeated 12 other candidates, including Kathryn Garcia, Maya Wiley, and Andrew Yang. Adams went on to defeat Republican Curtis Sliwa and other candidates in the November 2, 2021 general election.

The New York City Board of Elections was substantially criticized for its handling of the race, the first after New York's initial implementation of ranked-choice voting (RCV). A week after election day, the Board announced a discrepancy in the initial results, posting in a tweet that approximately 135,000 additional votes, originating from a test run, had been added to the total count.
Mil Mi-38
The Mil Mi-38 is a transport helicopter designed by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and being developed by Kazan Helicopters. Originally intended as a replacement for the Mil Mi-8 and the Mi-17, it is being marketed in both military and civil versions. It flew for the first time on 22 December 2003 and was certified on 30 December 2015.

Military transport aircraft
A military transport aircraft, military cargo aircraft or airlifter is a military-owned transport aircraft used to support military operations by airlifting troops and military equipment. Transport aircraft are crucial to maintaining supply lines to forward bases that are difficult to reach by ground or waterborne access, and can be used for both strategic and tactical missions. They are also often used for civilian emergency relief missions by transporting humanitarian aid.