hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peel railway station
Peel railway station (Manx: Stashoon Raad Yiarn Phurt ny h-Inshey) was a terminus on the Isle of Man Railway. It served the town of Peel in the Isle of Man and was the final stopping place on a line that ran between the city of Douglas and the town. It was part of the Island's first railway line.

Douglas railway station
Douglas Railway Station (Manx: Stashoon Raad Yiarn Ghoolish) is the main terminus of the Isle of Man Railway and is located at the landward end of the quay in Douglas, the capital of the Isle of Man. It was once the hub for now closed lines to Peel, Ramsey and Foxdale.
Rangitoto Channel
The Rangitoto Channel is an area of the Hauraki Gulf in the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. The channel is north-east of the Waitematā Harbour, and is located between the North Shore and Rangitoto Island. The channel's traditional Ngāi Tai name is Te Awanui o Peretū, and is an important deep water shipping channel to reach the Ports of Auckland.

Port of Auckland
Port of Auckland Limited (POAL), the successor to the Auckland Harbour Board, is the Auckland Council-owned company administering Auckland's commercial freight and cruise ship harbour facilities. As the company operates all of the associated facilities in the Greater Auckland area (excluding the ferry terminals and local marinas for recreational yachting), this article is about both the current company and the ports of Auckland themselves.
History of St Helens R.F.C.
St Helens Rugby Football Club was established in 1873 as St Helens Football Club. They are a founder member of the Northern Rugby Football Union, after the Great Schism of 1895. They played in the first ever Challenge Cup Final in 1897 and have since been winners of the competition on 12 occasions. St Helens have played in the premier competition of rugby league, the Super League for each of its 14 seasons to date and have won the title on 5 occasions.

History of rugby league
The history of rugby league as a separate form of rugby football goes back to 1895 in Huddersfield, West Riding of Yorkshire when the Northern Rugby Football Union broke away from England's established Rugby Football Union to administer its own separate competition. Similar schisms occurred later in Australia and New Zealand in 1907. Gradually the rugby played in these breakaway competitions evolved into a distinctly separate sport that took its name from the professional leagues that administered it. Rugby league in England went on to set attendance and player payment records and rugby league in Australia became the most watched sport on television. The game also developed a significant place in the culture of France, New Zealand and several other Pacific Island nations, such as Papua New Guinea, where it has become the national sport.
Hirudo
Hirudo is a genus of leeches of the family Hirudinidae. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.

The two well-accepted species within the genus are:

Hirudo medicinalis Linnaeus, 1758

Hirudo nipponia Whitman, 1886

Three other species, previously synonymized with H. medicinalis, were described in 2005 and are gaining acceptance:

Hirudo verbana

Hirudo orientalis

Hirudo sulukii

Hirudo troctina

Hirudo tianjinensis

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
Eugenius Warming
Johannes Eugenius Bülow Warming (3 November 1841 – 2 April 1924), known as Eugen Warming, was a Danish botanist and a pioneering figure in the development of ecology. In 1895 Warming published Plantesamfund, often regarded as the first textbook (1895) on plant ecology, and he taught an early university course in ecology. The ecologist Robert J. Goodland wrote in 1975: "If one individual can be singled out to be honoured as the founder of ecology, Warming should gain precedence."

Warming wrote a number of textbooks on botany, plant geography and ecology, which were widely read and translated into several languages. Notable works include Plantesamfund and Haandbog i den systematiske Botanik.

Lauritz Kolderup Rosenvinge
Janus Lauritz Andreas Kolderup Rosenvinge, generally cited as Lauritz Kolderup Rosenvinge (7 November 1858 – 1939) was a Danish botanist and phycologist.

Kolderup Rosenvinge received his Ph.D. in 1888 from the University of Copenhagen. He was docent of botany at the polytechnic (Polyteknisk Læreanstalt) from 1900; and a professor of botany at the University of Copenhagen from 1916, focusing on spore plants . He undertook investigations of algae in Danish waters and in the North Atlantic.

2 types of alga genus Rosenvingea Frederik Børgesen (Børgesen) and Rosenvingiella P.C.Silva, which is a genus of green algae in the family Prasiolaceae, have been named in his honour.
Born–Landé equation
The Born–Landé equation is a means of calculating the lattice energy of a crystalline ionic compound. In 1918 Max Born and Alfred Landé proposed that the lattice energy could be derived from the electrostatic potential of the ionic lattice and a repulsive potential energy term.

Where:

E = the lattice energy

NA =  Avogadro constant

M = Madelung constant, relating to the geometry of the crystal

z+ = numeric charge number of cation

z− = numeric charge number of anion

e = elementary charge, 1.6022×10−19 C

ε0 = permittivity of free space
4πε0 = 1.112×10−10 C2/(J·m)

r0 = distance between closest cation [ +ve ] and anion [ -ve ]

n = Born exponent, typically a number between 5 and 12, determined experimentally by measuring the compressibility of the solid, or derived theoretically

Madelung constant
The Madelung constant is used in determining the electrostatic potential of a single ion in a crystal by approximating the ions by point charges. It is named after Erwin Madelung, a German physicist.

Because the anions and cations in an ionic solid attract each other by virtue of their opposing charges, separating the ions requires a certain amount of energy. This energy must be given to the system in order to break the anion–cation bonds. The energy required to break these bonds for one mole of an ionic solid under standard conditions is the lattice energy.
Markus Laubenthal
Markus Laubenthal (born 4 December 1962) is a German Army general who has served as the chief of staff of Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe since 2024. Among his previous commands, he was notably the Deputy Inspector General of the Bundeswehr from 2020 to 2024, and the commander of the 1st Panzer Division from 2017 to 2018. He was also the first non-American chief of staff of the United States Army Europe, from 2014 to 2017.

German Army
The German Army (German: Heer, lit. 'army') is the land component of the armed forces of Germany. The present-day German Army was founded in 1955 as part of the newly formed West German Bundeswehr together with the Marine (German Navy) and the Luftwaffe (German Air Force). As of 2024, the German Army had a strength of 63,047 soldiers.
Irreligion in Russia
Irreligion was the official state policy during the Soviet Union and was rigorously enforced. This led to the persecution of Christians in the country. Since the collapse of Communism, Russia has seen an upsurge of religion. Adding together those who are undecided, those who are spiritual but not religious, and those who are atheistic, as of a 2012 survey, 27.5% of Russians claim no particular religious affiliation.

Many Russian secularists feel that the new religious establishments are now abusing the system for their own advantage despite the separation of church and state in the Russian Constitution.

Irreligion
Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices. It encompasses a wide range of viewpoints drawn from various philosophical and intellectual perspectives, including atheism, agnosticism, religious skepticism, rationalism, secularism, and non-religious spirituality. These perspectives can vary, with individuals who identify as irreligious holding diverse beliefs about religion and its role in their lives.

Relatively little scholarly research was published on irreligion until around the year 2010.
Health Service Executive ransomware attack
On 14 May 2021, the Health Service Executive (HSE) of Ireland suffered a major ransomware cyberattack which caused all of its IT systems nationwide to be shut down.

It was the most significant cybercrime attack on an Irish state agency and the largest known attack against a health service computer system. Bloomberg News reported that the attackers used the Conti ransomware. The group responsible was identified as a criminal gang known as Wizard Spider, believed to be operating from Russia. The same group is believed to have attacked the Department of Health with a similar cyberattack.

On 19 May, the Financial Times reviewed private data for twelve individuals which had appeared online as a result of the breach. On 28 May, the HSE confirmed confidential medical information for 520 patients, as well as corporate documents were published online.

Health Service Executive
The Health Service Executive (HSE) (Irish: Feidhmeannacht na Seirbhíse Sláinte) is the publicly funded healthcare system in Ireland, responsible for the provision of health and personal social services. It came into operation on 1 January 2005.

The current director-general is Bernard Gloster, who took up the new role on 6 March 2023, after Paul Reid stepped down.
Denis Dupont
Denis Dupont (born 4 January 1993) is a Belgian racing driver currently competing in the USA in Michelin Pilot Challenge in TCR. He previously raced in WTCR, TCR International Series, GT3 in Blancpain Sprint and Endurance championship, TCR BeNeLux Touring Car Championship, GT4 European Series Northern Cup and NASCAR Whelen Euro Series amongst others.

TCR International Series
The TCR International Series was an international touring car championship. The championship was promoted by World Sporting Consulting (WSC), founded by former World Touring Car Championship manager Marcello Lotti. It was marketed as a cost-effective spin-off of the WTCC, targeted at C-segment hatchbacks production-based touring cars. The title TCR follows the naming convention now used by the FIA to classify the cars that compete in touring car racing, with TC1 referring to the top tier as used by the FIA WTCC and TC2 referring to the legacy cars which principally compete in the FIA ETCC.

On 6th December 2017, FIA's World Motorsport Council announced that the series will merge with World Touring Car Championship and European Touring Car Cup starting in 2018.
Emily Chan
Emily Chan (born August 11, 1997) is an American pair skater. With her skating partner, Spencer Howe, she is a two-time Four Continents silver medalist (2022 and 2023), a two-time Grand Prix silver medalist (2022 Skate America; 2022 NHK Trophy), three-time Challenger Series medalist, and a four-time U.S. National medalist (pewter in 2022, 2025, and 2026; silver in 2023).

Earlier in her career, she competed in women's singles, becoming the 2016 U.S. national junior champion and 2015 U.S. national novice champion.

2023 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 2023 U.S. Figure Skating Championships were held January 23–29, 2023, at the SAP Center in San Jose, California. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior and junior levels. The results were part of the U.S. selection criteria for the 2023 World Championships, 2023 World Junior Championships, the 2023 Four Continents Championship, and the 2023 World Team Trophy.

San Jose was originally scheduled to host the 2021 event, but it was relocated to Las Vegas. San Jose was then awarded the 2023 Championships instead. It was the fourth time the city hosted the event.
Are We Alright Again
"Are We Alright Again" is a song by American rock band Eels. It was released as a single from their 2020 album Earth to Dora.

"Are We Alright Again" had a music video made available from 11 November 2020 featuring the actor Jon Hamm in a Greg Barnes directed long single take. The video also featured appearances from Eels frontman E's co-stars Mike Mitchell and Eric Edelstein from the television show Love.

Mark Oliver Everett
Mark Oliver Everett, also known by his stage name E (born April 10, 1963) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and the frontman of the rock band Eels. He is known for writing songs tackling subjects such as death, loneliness, divorce, childhood innocence, depression, and unrequited love, often from personal experience.
Tavullia
Tavullia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region of Italy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Ancona and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Pesaro. Until 13 December 1938, it was known as Tomba di Pesaro.

Tavullia is the home town of nine-time world motorcycle champion Valentino Rossi. His family built a dirt oval racetrack close to the town. The town is considered by some to be part of the historical region of Romagna.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
UT Rio Grande Valley Vaqueros football
The UT Rio Grande Valley Vaqueros football team represents the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) in U.S. college football as a member of the Southland Conference in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS). They began play at that level in 2025, after an exhibition schedule in 2024. They are coached by Travis Bush.

The team traces its history to the Broncs (short for Broncos), which represented the University of Texas–Pan American (UTPA) – which merged with the University of Texas at Brownsville in 2015 to create The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV).

University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) is a public research university with its main campus in Edinburg, Texas, United States, and multiple other campuses throughout the Rio Grande Valley. It is the southernmost member of the University of Texas System. The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley was created by the Texas legislature in 2013 after the consolidation of the University of Texas at Brownsville and the University of Texas–Pan American.

In the fall of 2025, the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley enrolled 35,812 students, making it the ninth-largest university in the state of Texas and the fourth-largest (student enrollment) academic institution in the University of Texas system. In 2018, UTRGV was also one of the largest universities in the U.S. to have a majority Hispanic student population; 89.2% of its students are Hispanic, virtually all of them Mexican Americans.

It was classified in 2020 among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Chromolaena
Chromolaena is a genus of about 165 species of perennials and shrubs in the family Asteraceae. The name is derived from the Greek words χρῶμα (khrôma), meaning "color", and χλαῑνα (khlaīna) or λαῑνα (laīna) meaning "cloak". It refers to the colored phyllaries of some species. Members of the genus are native to the Americas, from the southern United States to South America (especially Brazil).  One species, Chromolaena odorata, has been introduced to many parts of the world where it is considered a weed.

The plants of this genus were earlier taxonomically classified under the genus Eupatorium, but are now considered to be more closely related to other genera in the tribe Eupatorieae.

Chromolaena odorata
Chromolaena odorata is also known as jack in the bush. It is a tropical and subtropical  species of flowering shrub in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the Americas, from Florida and Texas in the United States south through Mexico and the Caribbean to South America. It has been introduced to tropical Asia, West Africa, and parts of Australia.
Harriet Lee (writer)
Harriet Lee was an English writer and novelist, born in London in 1757, and died near Bristol at Clifton, England, on August 1, 1851. Her father, John Lee, was an actor and theatrical manager who died in 1781, her mother, name unknown, was also an actress. Additionally, she was the sister of Sophia Lee (1750–1824), a notable dramatist.

Clifton, Bristol
Clifton is an inner suburb of Bristol, England, and the name of one of the city's thirty-five electoral wards. The Clifton ward also includes the areas of Cliftonwood and Hotwells. The eastern part of the suburb lies within the ward of Clifton Down.

Clifton is home to Isambard Kingdom Brunel's Clifton Suspension Bridge; many buildings of the University of Bristol, including Goldney Hall; the Roman Catholic Clifton Cathedral; Christ Church, Clifton Down; Clifton College; Clifton High School; the former Amberley House preparatory school; Queen Elizabeth's Hospital School and The Clifton Club. It is also noted for the Downs, a large, open park.
Baduci
Baduci (also known as Badeucy or Badeucey) is a combination of Badugi poker and deuce to seven triple draw, and uses hand values similar to lowball. The pot in this game is split much like high-low split between the best Badugi hand (with aces playing high in Baduci) and the best 2-7 triple draw hand. The betting structure and overall play of the game is nearly identical to a standard poker game using blinds. A players' hand contains five cards, where only four cards are used to determine the best Badugi hand and five cards are used to determine the triple draw hand. During each of three drawing rounds, players can trade zero to five cards from their hands for new ones from the deck.

The exact origin of Baduci is unknown but the game is slowly becoming popular due to the growing success of Badugi poker being played in cardrooms around the world and online. In cardrooms, baduci is often played as part of a mix.

Blind (poker)
Blinds are forced bets posted by players to the left of the dealer button in flop-style poker games. The number of blinds is usually two, but it can range from none to three.  When there are two blinds they are called the small blind and the big blind.
Le grand mogol
Le grand mogol is an opéra bouffe in four acts with music by Edmond Audran. The opera depicts the love between an Indian prince and a young Parisienne, and the unsuccessful attempts of conspirators to thwart their romance.

The piece exists in two versions. The first, in three acts, with words by Henri Chivot, was produced at the Théâtre du Gymnase, Marseille, on 24 February 1877. A revised four-act version, with words by Chivot and Alfred Duru, was given at the Théâtre de la Gaîté, Paris, on 19 September 1884.

Opéra bouffe
Opéra bouffe (French pronunciation: [ɔpeʁa buf], plural: opéras bouffes) is a genre of mid- to late 19th-century French operetta, closely associated with Jacques Offenbach, who produced many of them at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens, inspiring the genre's name.

It differs from the opéra comique of the same period for elements of comedy, satire, parody and farce. The most famous examples are La belle Hélène, Barbe-bleue (Bluebeard), La Vie parisienne, La Périchole and La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein.
Danny Walters (American football)
Daniel Eugene Walters (born November 4, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback for the San Diego Chargers of the National Football League (NFL).  Walters played college football for the Arkansas Razorbacks and was chosen by the Chargers in the fourth round of the 1983 NFL draft.

Arkansas Razorbacks football
The Arkansas Razorbacks football program represents the University of Arkansas in the sport of American football. The Razorbacks compete in the 
Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Home games are played at stadiums on or near the two largest campuses of the University of Arkansas System: Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville and War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock.

The program began in 1894 and has compiled an all-time record of 740–539–40, for a .576 winning percentage. The Razorbacks have won 13 conference championships and have had 58 players honored as All-Americans. Arkansas claims one national championship (1964) awarded by the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA).
Flying penguin hoax
Miracles of Evolution is a BBC film trailer featuring flying penguins made in 2008 as an April Fools' Day hoax. The film was advertised as compelling evidence for Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. It was largely set on King George Island, 120 kilometres (75 mi) from mainland Antarctica.

The Daily Telegraph wrote that the film was "an instant classic. It is accomplished work of this kind that guarantees the BBC its unique status."

The BBC website still claims that it may attempt to film the flying penguins again because the original film did not explain how such small birds, that are not used to flying, could survive long migrations over vast, stormy oceans. Miracles of Evolution was filmed with animated penguins for the occasion of April Fools' Day, and to promote the BBC iPlayer.

MSN included "The BBC's flying penguins" as one of their twelve "hoaxes of the decade."

April Fools' Day
April Fools' Day or April Fool's Day (rarely called All Fools' Day) is an annual custom on the 1st of April consisting of practical jokes, hoaxes, and pranks. Jokesters often expose their actions by shouting "April Fool[s]!" at the recipient. Mass media can be involved with these pranks, which may be revealed as such the following day. The custom of setting aside a day for playing harmless pranks upon one's neighbor has been relatively common in the world historically.
Astemir Borsov
Astemir Borsov (born 16 March 1993) is a Russian kickboxer. He is the former Glory of Heroes Junior Bantamweight champion and WAKO World K1 Featherweight champion.

Combat Press ranked him in the strawweight top ten between May 2019 and August 2020, as well as in the super flyweight top ten between September 2020 and July 2021.

Glory of Heroes
Glory of Heroes or GOH (Chinese: 勇士的荣耀; pinyin: yǒng shì de róng yào), is a Chinese kickboxing promotion developed by Beijing Wanmingyang Media. The events are streamed live on iQiyi and delay broadcast every Sunday at 22:00 on Shenzhen Television.