hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ICMS Singapore
The Integrated Case Management System (ICMS Singapore) is an internet-based system by the State Courts of Singapore. ICMS enables all criminal proceedings within the State Courts of Singapore to be conducted in an electronic environment using digital documents.

State Courts of Singapore
The State Courts of Singapore (formerly the Subordinate Courts) is one of the three categories of courts in Singapore, the other categories being the Supreme Court and Family Justice Courts. The State Courts comprise the District and Magistrate Courts—both of which oversee civil and criminal matters—as well as specialised courts such as the coroner's courts and the Small Claims Tribunals.

The State Courts comprise district and magistrate courts and hear both civil and criminal cases that do not fall under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. Over 90% of all judicial cases in Singapore are heard in the State Courts. Its annual volume averages about 350,000 cases.

The district judges, magistrates, and registrars of the State Courts are all judicial service officers and serve under the supervision and control of Singapore's Judicial Service Commission. District judges and magistrates are appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the chief justice.
Nāhiʻenaʻena's Pāʻū
Nāhiʻenaʻena's  Pāʻū is the largest known piece of Hawaiian feather work. It is a feather skirt (pāʻū) made for Princess Nāhiʻenaʻena.

It is kept by the Bishop Museum in Honolulu, but rarely displayed due to its age and fragility.

Bishop Museum
The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, designated the Hawaiʻi State Museum of Natural and Cultural History, is a museum of history and science in the historic Kalihi district of Honolulu on the Hawaiian island of Oʻahu. Founded in 1889, it is the largest museum in Hawaiʻi and has the world's largest collection of Polynesian cultural artifacts and natural history specimens. Besides the comprehensive exhibits of Hawaiian cultural material, the museum's total holding of natural history specimens exceeds 24 million, of which the entomological collection alone represents more than 13.5 million specimens (making it the third-largest insect collection in the United States). The Index Herbariorum code assigned to Herbarium Pacificum of this museum is BISH and this abbreviation is used when citing housed herbarium specimens.

The museum complex is home to the Richard T. Mamiya Science Adventure Center.
Argininosuccinate synthetase 1
Argininosuccinate synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ASS1 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the penultimate step of the arginine biosynthetic pathway. There are approximately 10 to 14 copies of this gene including the pseudogenes scattered across the human genome, among which the one located on chromosome 9 appears to be the only functional gene for argininosuccinate synthetase.  Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Chromosome 9
Chromosome 9 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Humans normally have two copies of this chromosome, as they normally do with all chromosomes. Chromosome 9 spans about 138 million base pairs of nucleic acids (the building blocks of DNA) and represents between 4.0 and 4.5% of the total DNA in cells.
Danuta Kordaczuk
Danuta Kordaczuk-Wagner (2 September 1939 – 10 April 1988) was a Polish volleyball player and head coach, a member of Poland women's national volleyball team in 1956–1970, a bronze medalist of the Olympic Games Tokyo 1964, a bronze medalist of the World Championship (1956, 1962) and medalist of the European Championship (silver in 1963, bronze in 1958).

1956 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1956 FIVB Women's World Championship was the second edition of the tournament, contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body. It was held from 30 August to 12 September 1956 in France.
Gerd Kanter
Gerd Kanter (born 6 May 1979) is an Estonian retired discus thrower. He was the 2007 World Champion in the event and won the gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and bronze in London 2012. His personal best throw of 73.38 m is the Estonian record and the fourth best mark of all time.

He made his first Olympic appearance in 2004 and established himself a year later by taking the silver medal at the 2005 World Championships. He was runner-up at the 2006 European Athletics Championships and won further medals at the World Championships in 2009 (bronze) and 2011 (silver).

He won the 2012 and the 2013 IAAF Diamond League in discus throw.

2005 World Championships in Athletics
The 10th World Championships in Athletics (Finnish: Yleisurheilun maailmanmestaruuskilpailut 2005, Swedish: Världsmästerskapen i friidrott 2005), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), were held in the Olympic Stadium, Helsinki, Finland (6 August 2005 – 14 August 2005), the site of the first IAAF World Championships in 1983. One theme of the 2005 championships was paralympic events, some of which were included as exhibition events. Much of the event was played in extremely heavy rainfall.
British NVC community H4
NVC community H4 (Ulex gallii - Agrostis curtisii heath) is one of the heath communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of three communities which are considered transitional between the lowland dry heaths and the wetter communities classified in the NVC as mires.

It is a relatively localised community. There are four subcommunities.

British National Vegetation Classification
The British National Vegetation Classification or NVC is a system of classifying natural habitat types in Great Britain according to the vegetation they contain.

A large scientific meeting of ecologists, botanists, and other related professionals in the United Kingdom resulted in the publication of a compendium of five books: British Plant Communities, edited by John S. Rodwell, which detail the incidence of plant species in twelve major habitat types in the British natural environment. They are the first systematic and comprehensive account of the vegetation types of the country. They cover all natural, semi-natural and major artificial habitats in Great Britain (not Northern Ireland) and represent fifteen years of research by leading plant ecologists.

From the data collated from the books, commercial software products have been developed to help to classify vegetation identified into one of the many habitat types found in Great Britain – these include MATCH, TABLEFIT and MAVIS.
Florida Seals
The Florida Seals were a minor league ice hockey franchise, a member of the Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL). Originally based in Orlando, Florida, as the Orlando Seals, they later moved to Kissimmee, Florida, a suburb thirty miles south of Orlando in Osceola County.  The Seals were one of eight minor league hockey teams purchased or founded by David Waronker starting in 2003.

Kissimmee, Florida
Kissimmee (/kɪˈsɪmi/ ⓘ kih-SIM-ee) is the largest city and county seat of Osceola County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 79,226. It is a principal city of the Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, Florida, Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Census Bureau defines an urban area with Kissimmee as the principal city, which is separated from the Orlando urban area. The Kissimmee–St. Cloud, Florida urban area had a 2020 population of 418,404, making it the 100th largest in the United States.
Farhan Chishti
Farhan Chishti is a Pakistani politician who has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024. He won the 2024 election in the constituency of NA-250 belonging to the political party of MQM-P.

Muttahida Qaumi Movement – Pakistan
Muttahida Qaumi Movement (Pakistan) (MQM-P) is a Pakistani political party with a liberal political position and a Muhajir nationalist ideology. The leader of the party is Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui. The party's symbol is the kite. It is mostly active in Karachi where the majority of Muhajirs currently reside. The party aims to represent the human rights of Muhajirs in Pakistan through peaceful and democratic struggle. The Party is a splinter faction of MQM-L.
Zamioculcas
Zamioculcas is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae, containing the single species Zamioculcas zamiifolia. It is a tropical herbaceous perennial plant, and is native to eastern Africa, including Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. Its common names include Zanzibar gem, ZZ plant, Zuzu plant, aroid palm, eternity plant and emerald palm. It is commonly grown as a houseplant, mainly because it has attractive glossy foliage and is easy to care for. Zamioculcas zamiifolia is winter-hardy in USDA Zones 9 and 10.

Houseplant
A houseplant, also known as a pot plant, potted plant, or indoor plant, is an ornamental plant cultivated indoors for aesthetic or practical purposes. These plants are commonly found in homes, offices, and various indoor spaces, where they contribute to the ambiance by adding natural beauty and improving air quality. Most houseplants are tropical or semi-tropical species, as they thrive in the warm, humid conditions often found indoors. Many of them are epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants), succulents (which store water in their leaves), or cacti, which are particularly well-suited to indoor environments due to their low maintenance requirements.
Talwan
Talwan is a village in Punjab near the city of Nurmahal. Nurmahal is a sub-tehsil in the district Jalandhar in the Indian state of Punjab.

Talwan town is situated on the bank shore of Sutlej river that is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan. Talwan lies on the Jalandhar-Nurmahal-Talwan Major District Road 82 (MDR 82) of Punjab. The development block for Talwan is Nurmahal.
The nearest railway station to Talwan is Nurmahal railway station at a distance of 8 km. Talwan falls into Dhagara(village)

Nurmahal
NurMahal or Noor Mahal is a city and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab. It is a small city located between Nakodar - Phillaur Road in Punjab. This town is also connected with the nearby towns of Phillaur and Nakodar by a road going along the railway lines. Nurmahal is situated 13 km from Nakodar, 16 km from Phillaur, 33 km from Jalandhar.
And Many more villages are close by to Nurmahal.
Egon Bretscher
Egon Bretscher CBE (23 May 1901 – 16 April 1973) was a Swiss-born British chemist and nuclear physicist and Head of the Nuclear Physics Division from 1948 to 1966 at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment, also known as Harwell Laboratory, in Harwell, United Kingdom. He was one of the pioneers in nuclear fission research and one of the first to foresee that plutonium could be used as an energy source. His work on nuclear physics led to his involvement in the British atomic bomb research project Tube Alloys and his membership of the British Mission to the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos, where he worked in Enrico Fermi's Advanced Development Division in the F-3 Super Experimentation group. His contributions up to 1945 are discussed by Margaret Gowing in her "Britain and Atomic Energy, 1935-1945."

Harwell, Oxfordshire
Harwell is a village and civil parish in the Vale of White Horse about 2 miles (3 km) west of Didcot, 6 miles (10 km) east of Wantage and 13 miles (21 km) south of Oxford, England. The parish measures about 3.5 miles (6 km) north – south, and almost 2 miles (3 km) east – west at its widest point. In 1923, its area was 2,521 acres (1,020 ha). Historically in Berkshire, it has been administered as part of Oxfordshire since the 1974 boundary changes. The parish includes part of Harwell Science and Innovation Campus in the southwest. The 2011 census recorded the parish's population as 2,349.
Węgliniec–Görlitz railway
The Węgliniec–Görlitz railway is a double-track railway line connecting Węgliniec railway station in Węgliniec and Zgorzelec railway station in Zgorzelec, in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship of south-west Poland, and continuing to Görlitz in German state of Saxony.

Except for the final kilometre between the border and Görlitz station, the line is operated by PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe as line 278, with the border bridge across the Nysa Łużycka river belonging to line 274 (Wrocław Świebodzki – Zgorzelec). The corresponding timetable (SRJP) route has no. 260.

PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe
PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. ('PKP Polish Railway Lines'; PKP PLK) is the Polish railway infrastructure manager, responsible for maintenance of rail tracks, conducting trains across the country, scheduling train timetables, and management of railway land.

The company was founded in 2001 as part of the break-up of the once-unitary Polish State Railways JSC, to separate infrastructure management and transport operations.
Nancy Perriam
Nancy Perriam (April 1769 – January 24, 1865) was an English woman who served in Royal Navy warships during the Napoleonic Wars. Born Ann Letton and also known as Ann Perriam, she originated from Exmouth, Devon. She fought in several notable naval battles, including the Battle of the Nile in 1798, serving as a powder monkey and medical assistant. When not in battle she assisted with the domestic needs of officers. In retirement Perriam worked as a street seller of fish; she was one of three women denied the Naval General Service Medal in 1847 because of their sex.

Exmouth
Exmouth /ˈɛksməθ/ is a port town, civil parish, and seaside resort located on the east bank at the mouth of the River Exe, approximately 11 miles (18 km) southeast of Exeter, in the county of Devon, England.

According to the 2021 Census, Exmouth has a population of 35,488, making it the fifth largest settlement in Devon by population.

Historically known as a popular seaside resort, Exmouth is noted for its long sandy beaches, marina, and watersports opportunities, attracting visitors in good weather. It also serves as a commuter town for nearby Exeter.
Madeleine Thompson
Madeleine Thompson (born 29 March 1995) is a 4 point British wheelchair basketball player. In 2008, at the age of thirteen, she became  the youngest ever player to represent Great Britain in wheelchair basketball. She was part of the British team at the 2012 Paralympic Games in London, the 2014 Women's World Wheelchair Basketball Championship in Toronto, and the  2018 Wheelchair Basketball World Championship in Hamburg.

2014 Women's World Wheelchair Basketball Championship
Separate men's and women's Wheelchair Basketball World Championship tournaments were held in 2014.  The women's tournament was held at the Mattamy Athletic Centre in  Toronto, Canada between 20 and 28 June 2014. It was the largest women's wheelchair basketball world championship in history, with 12 national teams participating. Each team selected a squad of 12 players for the tournament.
Baylor Bears men's basketball
The Baylor Bears men's basketball team represents Baylor University in Waco, Texas, in NCAA Division I men's basketball competition. The Bears compete in the Big 12 Conference. The team played its home games in Ferrell Center from 1988 until 2023.  Baylor now plays its home games in the Foster Pavilion and is currently coached by Scott Drew.

Ferrell Center
The Paul J. Meyer Arena, which is part of the Ferrell Center, is an arena in Waco, Texas. Built in 1988 and located adjacent to the Brazos River, it is home to the Baylor University Bears volleyball, acrobatics, and tumbling teams.  It is named for Charles R. Ferrell, a Baylor student and legacy who died in 1967, and whose family's estate was a major benefactor of the arena.  The building replaced the Heart O' Texas Coliseum as the school's primary indoor athletic facility. The men's and women's basketball teams relocated to the newly-constructed Foster Pavilion in 2024.
Frank Forbes Adam
Sir Frank Forbes Adam, 1st Baronet CB, CIE, DL (17 June 1846 – 22 December 1926) was a British banker who made his fortune in British India.  He was President of the Bank of Bombay. He was one of the main movers of the raising of funds to support those affected by famine in India in 1897 and 1900.

He was educated at Loretto School.

He was appointed Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1888, and (Knight Bachelor) in 1890. Appointed a deputy lieutenant of Lancashire on 26 April 1904, Forbes was created Baronet of Hankelow Court, Chester in 1917 and appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1919.

He married Rose Frances, daughter of Charles Gordon Kemball, a  judge of the High Court of Bombay.  They had three sons and a daughter:

Sir Ronald Forbes Adam, 2nd Baronet GCB, DSO, OBE (1885–1982), British army general.

Eric Forbes Adam CMG (1888–1925), diplomat

Colin Gurdon Forbes Adam CSI (1889–1982), civil servant

Hetty Reay Clifford Forbes Adam MBE (1896–1970).

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Lallianzuala Chhangte
Lallianzuala Chhangte (born 8 June 1997) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a winger for the Indian Super League club Mumbai City, which he captains, and the India national team.

Chhangte began his professional senior career with DSK Shivajians. In 2016, he was loaned out to NorthEast United. In 2017, he joined Delhi Dynamos, where he rose to prominence. He signed for Chennaiyin in 2019. He joined Mumbai City on loan in January 2022 and later signed a permanent contract in June. Chhangte won his first Indian Super League title and Player of the League in the 2022–23 season. He was an integral part of Mumbai City's 2023–24 ISL Cup win with 16 goal contributions.

Chhangte made his international debut in 2015. He won the 2022–23 AIFF Men's Player of the Year award.

Indian Super League Player of the League
The Indian Super League Player of the League is an annual association football award presented to the best player in the Indian Super League each season. The winner is presented with the Golden Ball.

The Indian Super League was founded in 2013 and played its inaugural season in 2014. It became the joint top-tier of the Indian football league system by the 2017–18 season and has been the top-tier since the 2022–23 season. The first Player of the League (then known as the Hero of the League for sponsorship reasons) was awarded to Iain Hume in 2014. Sunil Chhetri is the first Indian player to have won the award in the 2017–18 season.
Chirana
Chirana Kalfa or Chirana Hatun (born Chiara, fl. 1574 – c. 1595) was a Venetian spy who worked at Constantinople during the reign of Ottoman Sultan Murad III. She was the personal servant of Sultan's mother, Nurbanu.

Kalfa
Kalfa (Turkish for 'apprentice, assistant master') was a general term in the Ottoman Empire for the women attendants and supervisors in service in the imperial palace.
Novice girls had to await promotion to the rank of kalfa. It was a rank below that of usta ('master'), the title of the leading administrative/supervisory officers of the  harem. The titles usta and kalfa belong to the terminology of Ottoman guild organization and other hierarchically-organized corporate bodies. Legally slave girls, these women—depending on their rank—could wield considerable authority and influence in their duties and were generally treated with much respect by lower-ranking slave attendants in the harem as well as by members of the imperial family.

Among craftsmen the term had a similar rank: that of a junior master yet to graduate to usta status and open his own shop.
Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois
Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois (20 January 1820 – 14 November 1886) was a French geologist and mineralogist who was the first to arrange the chemical elements in order of atomic weights, doing so in 1862. De Chancourtois only published his paper, but did not publish his actual graph with the irregular arrangement. Although his publication was significant, it was ignored by chemists as it was written in terms of geology. It was Dmitri Mendeleev's table published in 1869 that became most recognized. De Chancourtois was also a professor of mine surveying, and later geology at the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris. He also was the Inspector of Mines in Paris, and was widely responsible for implementing many mine safety regulations and laws during the time.

Dmitri Mendeleev
Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (/ˌmɛndəlˈeɪəf/ MEN-dəl-AY-əf; 8 February [O.S. 27 January] 1834 – 2 February [O.S. 20 January] 1907) was a Russian chemist known for formulating the periodic law and creating a version of the periodic table of elements. He used the periodic law not only to correct the then-accepted properties of some known elements, such as the valence and atomic weight of uranium, but also to predict the properties of three elements that were yet to be discovered (germanium, gallium, and scandium). The synthetic element Mendelevium is named in his honor.
Frans Migub ǀGoagoseb
Chief Frans Migub ǀGoagoseb (born 16 June 1954) is a Namibian politician and Damara leader. He is the party leader of the Namibian Democratic Movement for Change and was the party's candidate for president in the 2009 general election. In that election, ǀGoagoseb received 1,760 votes (0.22% of all votes nationally for president), placing eleventh out of twelve candidates for president. Only Attie Beukes of the Communist Party of Namibia received fewer votes than ǀGoagoseb.

2009 Namibian general election
General elections were held in Namibia on 27–28 November 2009. They were the fourth general elections since independence and the fifth democratic elections. Voting ended on 28 November and official election results, released on 4 December, showed that Hifikepunye Pohamba and his SWAPO Party were re-elected, each with over 75% of the vote. Prior to the election, the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) was widely expected to score a landslide victory, with the Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP) considered SWAPO's biggest challenger. Fourteen political parties competed for seats in the National Assembly of Namibia, and twelve candidates ran for the presidency.