hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar eclipse of June 21, 2001
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Thursday, June 21, 2001, with a magnitude of 1.0495. It was the first solar eclipse of the 21st century. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total
solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.25 days before perigee (on June 23, 2001, at 18:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Many people traveled to Africa to watch the eclipse; the Daily Telegraph reported that "while some tribesmen watch a celestial crocodile eating the sun, the modern African will be counting the cash brought in by thousands of visitors".

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Adelita Domingo
Adela Domingo Carmona (popularly known as Adelita Domingo; Seville, 21 April 1930 – Seville, 31 July 2012), was a Spanish dancer, songwriter, concert pianist, as well as a teacher of dance and tonadilla songs. Students of Copla folk music included Gracia Montes, Isabel Pantoja, Lolita Sevilla, Marifé de Triana, Paquita Rico, and Rocío Jurado. There were singers such as Ana María Bueno, Matilde Coral, Merche Esmeralda, and Milagros Mengíbar. Artists of flamenco, copla, and national pop included Paloma San Basilio and Pastora Soler.

Isabel Pantoja
María Isabel Pantoja Martín (Spanish pronunciation: [isaˈβel panˈtoxa]; born August 2, 1956) is a Spanish singer. She was born in the Triana district of Seville, Spain. She has released more than a dozen albums throughout a career spanning many decades, mostly of copla genre, and is known for her distinctive Andalusian style.
Jennyfer Limage
Jennyfer Limage (born 25 December 1997) is a Haitian professional footballer who plays for Seconde Ligue club Lens and the Haiti national team. Mainly a defensive midfielder, she can also operate as a centre-back.

Haiti women's national football team
The Haiti women's national football team  participates in several competitions including the CONCACAF Women's Championship. The team also participates in qualification for the FIFA Women's World Cup and Summer Olympics, and qualified for their first World Cup at the 2023 edition. The team is controlled by the Fédération Haïtienne de Football.  They are one of the top women's national football teams in the Caribbean region along with Jamaica and Trinidad & Tobago. The team is currently coached by Nicolas Delépine.
Racism in Spain
Racism in Spain (Spanish: Racismo en España) can be traced back to any historical era, during which social, economic and political conflicts have efficiently been justified by racial differences, be it in the form of racism as an ideology or in the form of racism as simple attitudes or behaviors towards those who are perceived as being different. More common than racism per se are the attitudes linked to xenophobia and nationalism (specially the Spanish, Catalan and Basque ones), as well as religious and/or linguistic-cultural hatred.

Xenophobia
Xenophobia (from Ancient Greek  ξένος (xénos) 'strange, foreign, or alien' and  φόβος (phóbos) 'fear') is the fear or dislike of people who are perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-group and an out-group and it may manifest itself in suspicion of one group's activities by members of the other group, a desire to eliminate the presence of the group that is the target of suspicion, and fear of losing a national, ethnic, or racial identity.
Reem Alabali Radovan
Reem Alabali Radovan (Arabic: ريم العبلي, German pronunciation: [ˈʁiːm alaˈbaːli ˈʁaːdovaːn]; born 1 May 1990) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who has been serving as the Minister for Economic Cooperation and Development in the government of Chancellor Friedrich Merz since May 2025.

Alabali Radovan has been a Member of the Bundestag since 2021. In addition to her parliamentary work, she served as Minister of State at the Chancellery and Federal Commissioner for Migration, Refugees, and Integration in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet from 2021 to 2025. Together with Muhanad Al-Halak, she was the first person of Iraqi descent in the Bundestag, and individually, she is both the first person of Assyrian descent in the parliament and the youngest member of the Merz cabinet.

Merz cabinet
The Merz cabinet (German: Kabinett Merz, pronounced [kabiˈnɛt ˈmɛʁts]) is the 25th and current Government of the Federal Republic of Germany during the 21st legislative session of the Bundestag. It succeeded the previous cabinet led by Olaf Scholz. The cabinet is led by Friedrich Merz.

The cabinet is composed of Merz's Christian Democratic Union (CDU), its Bavarian sister-party Christian Social Union (CSU) (which form the CDU/CSU alliance; the so called Union) and the Social Democratic Party (SPD). It is the fifth time a governing coalition between Union and SPD has been formed in post-war German history and the first since the Fourth Merkel cabinet led by then-Chancellor Angela Merkel in 2018.
Digital recording
In digital recording, an audio or video signal is converted into a stream of discrete numbers representing the changes over time in air pressure for audio, or chroma and luminance values for video.  This number stream is saved to a storage device.  To play back a digital recording, the numbers are retrieved and converted back into their original analog audio or video forms so that they can be heard or seen.

In a properly matched analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) pair, the analog signal is accurately reconstructed, within the constraints of the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, which dictates the sampling rate and quantization error dependent on the audio or video bit depth. Because the signal is stored digitally, assuming proper error detection and correction, the recording is not degraded by copying, storage or interference.

Audio bit depth
In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample. Examples of bit depth include Compact Disc Digital Audio, which uses 16 bits per sample, and DVD-Audio and Blu-ray Disc, which can support up to 24 bits per sample.

In basic implementations, variations in bit depth primarily affect the noise level from quantization error—thus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range. However, techniques such as dithering, noise shaping, and oversampling can mitigate these effects without changing the bit depth. Bit depth also affects bit rate and file size.

Bit depth is useful for describing PCM digital signals. Non-PCM formats, such as those using lossy compression, do not have associated bit depths.
Planetshakers Church
Planetshakers Church is a Pentecostal megachurch affiliated with Australian Christian Churches (Assemblies of God) based in Melbourne, Australia, with several church campuses around the world.

The church is also known for its contemporary worship music, with its bands Planetshakers and Planetboom, and its record label Planetshakers Ministries International, whose songs have been translated and reinterpreted in many evangelical churches of the world.

Australian Christian Churches
The Australian Christian Churches (ACC), formerly the Assemblies of God in Australia, is a network of Finished Work Pentecostal churches in Australia affiliated with the World Assemblies of God Fellowship. The movement was formed in 1937 and, according to the denomination, comprises over 1,100 churches, more than 3,300 pastors and over 400,000 constituents; independent surveys also list the ACC among Australia's largest denominations by number of local churches.
California Senate Bill 27 (2019)
California Senate Bill 27 (SB 27), alternatively known as the Presidential Tax Transparency and Accountability Act, is a California law that requires candidates running for either President of the United States or Governor of California to publicly release their tax return of the previous five years in order to be listed on the primary ballot. The law does not place the requirement to publicly release tax returns on candidates running as write-in candidates.

The law's requirements for presidential candidates were invalidated by the courts. The law was first applied in the 2021 gubernatorial recall election, but a judge ruled that application invalid, halting the secretary of state's application of the law to the recall election. The 2022 gubernatorial election is therefore the first election for which the law is expected to be fully applicable.

Secretary of State of California
The secretary of state of California is the chief clerk of the U.S. state of California, overseeing a department of 500 people. The secretary of state is elected for four year terms, like the state's other constitutional officers; the officeholder is restricted by term limits to two terms. The current secretary of state is Shirley Weber, who assumed the role in 2021 after Alex Padilla's appointment to the US Senate.
Adult Performance Artists Guild
Adult Performance Artists Guild (APAG), formerly known as the Adult Performers Actors Guild, is an American union for sex workers involved in any aspect of the adult industry. Taking over from Sean Michaels, its president from 2018 onwards has been Alana Evans. The guild is the first federally recognized pornographic labor union in the United States. Its aims include industry-wide programs for healthcare, and retirement savings and better pay and rights for performers. APAG engages in negotiation with pornographic production companies, American lawmakers, and social media platforms.

Sex work
Sex work is "the exchange of sexual services, performances, or products for material compensation. It includes activities of direct physical contact between buyers and sellers as well as indirect sexual stimulation". Sex work only refers to voluntary sexual transactions; thus, the term does not refer to human trafficking and other coerced or nonconsensual sexual transactions such as child prostitution. The transaction must take place between consenting adults of the legal age (generally 18 and older) and mental capacity to consent and must take place without any methods of coercion, other than payment. The term emphasizes the labor and economic implications of this type of work. Furthermore, some prefer the use of the term because it grants more agency to the sellers of these services.
Eolipotes
Eolipotes is an extinct genus of marine river dolphin of the family Lipotidae. It is the oldest known member of the family, having lived in what is now Japan during the Tortonian stage of the Late Miocene. Fossils of this animal are known from the Tochigi prefecture (Ogane or Tanokura Formation) and the Gunma prefecture (Haraichi Formation). Eolipotes was a small cetacean, with the skull indicating a length of around 2.17 m (7 ft 1 in). In spite of its name, Eolipoteshas been found to be more closely related to the genus Parapontoporia, which could indicate that some species of Paraprotoporia and the baiji became freshwater animals independently from one another. However it is also possible that they all evolved from ancestors that already inhabited estuaries, with Eolipotes simply becoming more marine. The genus only includes a single species: E. japonicus.

Gunma Prefecture
Gunma Prefecture (群馬県, Gunma-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [ɡɯꜜm.ma, ɡɯm.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Gunma Prefecture has a population of 1,937,626 (1 October 2019) and has a geographic area of 6,362 square kilometres (2,456 sq mi). Gunma Prefecture borders Niigata Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the southwest, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Tochigi Prefecture to the east.

Maebashi is the capital and Takasaki is the largest city of Gunma Prefecture, with other major cities including Ōta, Isesaki, and Kiryū. Gunma Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures, located on the northwestern corner of the Kantō Plain with 14% of its total land being designated as natural parks.
First encirclement campaign against the Eyuwan Soviet
The first encirclement campaign against the Eyuwan Soviet was an encirclement campaign launched by the Chinese Nationalist Government against the Eyuwan Soviet, a Communist base located in the border region between Hubei, Henan, and Anhui provinces. The Fourth Red Army responded with its first counter-encirclement campaign and successfully defended the soviet. The Nationalist attacks lasted from November 1930 to 9 March 1931.

Chinese Red Army
The Chinese Red Army, formally the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (中國工農紅軍) or just the Red Army (紅軍), was the military wing of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1928 to 1937. It was formed when Communist elements of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) splintered and mutinied in the Nanchang Uprising. The Red Army was reincorporated into the NRA as part of the Second United Front with the Kuomintang to fight against the Empire of Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937–1945. In the later stages of the Chinese Civil War the Red Army splintered off once again and was renamed the People's Liberation Army.
Alpena Mall
Alpena Mall is an abandoned enclosed shopping mall located in Alpena Township, Michigan, United States. It was the only enclosed mall in Northeast Michigan.  Although the mall itself is closed, its anchor tenants Gordon Food Service and Dunham's Sports continue to operate.

Gordon Food Service
Gordon Food Service (GFS) is a foodservice distributor based in Wyoming, Michigan serving the Midwest, Northeast, Southeast, and Southwest regions of the United States and coast-to-coast in Canada. It also operates stores in Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Alabama, and Wisconsin.

According to Forbes, GFS is the 15th-largest privately held company in the United States. Its biggest competitors are US Foods and Sysco.
Nielsen transformation
In mathematics, especially in the area of modern algebra known as combinatorial group theory, Nielsen transformations are certain automorphisms of a free group which are a non-commutative analogue of row reduction and one of the main tools used in studying free groups (Fine, Rosenberger & Stille 1995).

Given a finite basis of a free group , the corresponding set of elementary Nielsen transformations forms a finite generating set of . This system of generators is analogous to elementary matrices for  and Dehn twists for mapping class groups of closed surfaces.

Nielsen transformations were introduced in (Nielsen 1921) to prove that every subgroup of a free group is free (the Nielsen–Schreier theorem). They are now used in a variety of mathematics, including computational group theory, k-theory, and knot theory.

Finitely generated group
In algebra, a finitely generated group is a group G that has some finite generating set S so that every element of G can be written as the combination (under the group operation) of finitely many elements of  S and of inverses of such elements.

By definition, every finite group is finitely generated, since S can be taken to be G itself. Every infinite finitely generated group must be countable but countable groups need not be finitely generated. The additive group of rational numbers Q is an example of a countable group that is not finitely generated.
Carotid canal
The carotid canal is a passage in the petrous part of the temporal bone of the skull through which the internal carotid artery and its internal carotid (nervous) plexus pass from the neck into (the middle cranial fossa of) the cranial cavity.

Observing the trajectory of the canal from exterior to interior, the canal is initially directed vertically before curving anteromedially to reach its internal opening.

Internal carotid plexus
The internal carotid plexus is a nerve plexus situated upon the lateral side of the internal carotid artery. It is composed of post-ganglionic sympathetic fibres which have synapsed at (i.e. have their nerve cell bodies at) the superior cervical ganglion. The plexus gives rise to the deep petrosal nerve.
Mammoth Mine disaster
The Mammoth Mine disaster or Frick Mine explosion occurred on January 27, 1891 just after 9:00 AM in the Mammoth No. 1 mine in Mount Pleasant Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Newspapers reported that firedamp was ignited by a miner's oil lamp, resulting in the deaths of 109 men and boys. Most of the miners were not killed by the force of the explosion, but rather were suffocated by the effects of afterdamp.

Safety lamp
A safety lamp is any of several types of lamp that provides illumination in places such as coal mines where the air  may carry coal dust or a build-up of flammable gases, which may explode if ignited, possibly by an electric spark. Until the development of effective electric lamps in the early 1900s, miners used flame lamps to provide illumination. Open flame lamps could ignite flammable gases which collected in mines, causing explosions; safety lamps were developed to enclose the flame to prevent it from igniting the explosive gases. Flame safety lamps have been replaced for lighting in mining with sealed explosion-proof electric lights, but continue to be used to detect gases.
Joyce Brown (netball)
Joyce Alice Brown (née Anderson) OAM (born 29 September 1938) is a former Australia netball international and national team head coach. Brown captained Australia at the inaugural 1963 World Netball Championships, winning a gold medal. She later coached Australia at the 1975, 1983 and 1991 World Netball Championships and at the 1993 World Games, guiding the team to four gold medals. Brown never lost a World Netball Championship match, either as a player or coach. In 1992 she was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia. Between 1999 and 2002, Brown served as head coach of Melbourne Phoenix in the Commonwealth Bank Trophy league, leading them to the premiership in 2000 and 2002. Brown also served as a netball umpire and sports administrator.

Netball World Cup
The Netball World Cup is a quadrennial international netball world championship organised by World Netball, inaugurated in 1963. Since its inception the competition has been dominated primarily by the Australia national netball team and the New Zealand national netball team, Trinidad and Tobago is the only other team to have won a title (a three-way tie in the 1979 championship). The most recent tournament was the 2023 Netball World Cup in Cape Town, South Africa, which was won by Australia.
Veera (2013 film)
Veera is a 2013 Indian Kannada language action film directed by Ayyappa P. Sharma and starring Malashri, Rahul Dev and Ashish Vidyarthi in the lead roles. Produced by Ramu Enterprises, the film's soundtrack and lyrics are written by Hamsalekha. The supporting cast features C. R. Simha, Komal, Mukul Dev and Raju Talikote. One of the fight scenes in the film is inspired from Wanted. The film is also dubbed in Hindi as name Veera-The Most Wanted.

Komal Kumar
Komal Kumar (born 4 July 1973), known mononymously as Komal, is an Indian actor and film producer known for his work in Kannada cinema. He made his acting debut with Super Nan Maga in 1992. Since his debut, Komal has acted in over 100 films, initially in comedic roles as a supporting actor before playing lead roles. He is the younger brother of actor Jaggesh, with whom he has frequently collaborated professionally.

Komal has won Karnataka State Film Award for Best Supporting Actor for the film Thavarige Baa Thangi in 2003 and won the South Filmfare Award for his performance in Neenello Naanalle in 2006.
Syntia Salha
Syntia Hikmat Salha (Arabic: سينتيا حكمت صالحة; born 12 January 2003) is a Lebanese footballer who plays as a winger or midfielder for Cypriot club Lakatamia and the Lebanon national team.

Salha began her senior career with Akhaa Ahli Aley. She joined Safa in 2020, with whom she won their first league title. In 2022 Salha moved to BFA, also helping them win their first league title. She finished top scorer in the league four times: in 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024.

In 2021 Salha made her senior international debut for Lebanon, scoring her first goals against Sudan in the 2021 Arab Women's Cup. She helped Lebanon finish runners-up in the 2022 WAFF Women's Championship.

Beirut Football Academy
Beirut Football Academy (Arabic: أكاديمية بيروت), or simply BFA, is a football academy based in Forn El Chebbak, a district in Beirut, Lebanon. Founded in 2004 as the first football academy in the country, they play their games at the Al Sharq Stadium.
HMS Faulknor (H62)
HMS Faulknor was the flotilla leader for the F-class destroyers built for the Royal Navy during the 1930s. The ship had a particularly active operational role during World War II, being awarded 11 battle honours, and was known as "The hardest worked destroyer in the Fleet". She was the first ship to sink a German U-boat, took part in the Norwegian Campaign, served with Force H in the Mediterranean on the Malta Convoys, escorted convoys to Russia and across the Atlantic, and saw action during the invasions of Sicily, Italy and Normandy, and was at the liberation of the Channel Islands. She was then decommissioned and sold for scrap in late 1945.

Allied invasion of Italy
The Allied invasion of Italy was the Allied amphibious landing on mainland Italy that took place from 3 September 1943, during the Italian campaign of World War II. The operation was undertaken by General Sir Harold Alexander's 15th Army Group (comprising General Mark W. Clark's American Fifth Army and General Bernard Montgomery's British Eighth Army) and followed the successful Allied invasion of Sicily. A preliminary landing in Calabria (Operation Baytown) took place on 3 September, the main invasion force landed on the west coast of Italy at Salerno on 9 September as part of Operation Avalanche at the same time as a supporting operation at Taranto (Operation Slapstick).
Alex Phillips (Green politician)
Alexandra Louise Rosenfield Phillips (born 9 July 1985) is a British politician. She served as a Green Party Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for South East England from 2019 to 2020. She was Mayor of Brighton and Hove from May 2019 to May 2020; the youngest person to hold the office. Phillips was a Brighton and Hove City councillor between 2009 and 2023.

Brighton and Hove City Council
Brighton and Hove City Council is the local authority for Brighton and Hove, a local government district with city status in the ceremonial county of East Sussex, England. The council is a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2023. It is based at Hove Town Hall.