hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jonathan Williams (engineer)
Jonathan Williams (May 20, 1750 – May 16, 1815) was an American military officer, engineer, and politician. He served as the first superintendent of the United States Military Academy from 1801 to 1803 and from 1805 to 1812. He served as chief of engineers of the United States Army Corps of Engineers from 1802 to 1803 and from 1805 to 1812. He led the construction of fortifications in New York Harbor from 1807 to 1811, including Castle Williams, the first casemated battery in the United States. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for Pennsylvania in 1815 but died before the 14th United States Congress assembled.

14th United States Congress
The 14th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in the Old Brick Capitol in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817, during the seventh and eighth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1810 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
Kweku Darlington
Emmanuel Kweku Owusu Darlington (born 17 July 1996), popularly known as Kweku Darlington, is a Ghanaian musician, songwriter and producer from Kumasi. He became popular with the hit song 'Sika Aba Fie'. He released a remix of the song which featured Fameye, Kuami Eugene, Yaw Tog and Kweku Flick.

Fameye
Peter Famiyeh Bozah (born 11 September 1994), known by the stage name Fameye, is a Ghanaian rapper and musician from Bogoso. He is best known for his single  "Nothing I Get". He released a remix of the song which featured Article Wan, Medikal and Kuami Eugene. He was a member of MTN Hitmaker Season 3.  Fameye holds the title of hi-life artiste of the year, as awarded at the recently concluded Telecel Ghana music awards. .
Robert Schleip
Robert Schleip (born 1954) is a German psychologist, human biologist and author, best known for his work in the field of fascia. He serves as the director of the Fascia Research Group, a research collaboration between the University of Ulm and the Technical University of Munich. Schleip is also the founding director of the Fascia Research Society, the research director of the European Rolfing Association and vice president of the Ida P. Rolf Research Foundation. He is involved in the alternative medicine field of rolfing.

Rolfing
Rolfing (/ˈrɔːlfɪŋ, ˈrɒl-/) is a form of alternative medicine originally developed by Ida Rolf (1896–1979) as Structural Integration. Rolfing is marketed with unproven claims of various health benefits, is recognized as pseudoscience and is generally characterized as quackery.
It is based on Rolf's ideas about how the human body's "energy field" can benefit when aligned with the Earth's gravitational field.

Rolfing is typically delivered as a series of ten hands-on physical manipulation sessions sometimes called "the recipe". Practitioners combine superficial and deep manual therapy with movement prompts. The process is sometimes painful. The safety of Rolfing has not been confirmed. The principles of Rolfing contradict established medical knowledge, and there is no good evidence Rolfing is effective for the treatment of any health condition.
Malaysia Bill
The Malaysia Bill is an annex of the Agreement relating to Malaysia between United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Federation of Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak and Singapore. It gave effect to the Agreement where that the British colonies of North Borneo, Sarawak and the State of Singapore should be federated with the existing States of the Federation of Malaya and the name of the federation should be Malaysia, and the Federal constitution wherewith to amend and adopt the Constitution of the Federation of Malaya so as to provide for the admission of those States. it adopted its present name, the name of the Constitution of the Federation of Malaya should be changed into Constitution of Malaysia.

Federation of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963. It succeeded the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya. It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of the Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca. It was established on 1 February 1948.

Initially a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom, Malaya became fully sovereign on 31 August 1957, and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Singapore, North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya along with Sarawak and Sabah – now collectively known as East Malaysia – to form modern-day Malaysia, while the former Federation of Malaya is now referred to as Peninsular Malaysia or West Malaysia.
James Crawford (American football)
James Crawford (born December 2, 1994) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Illinois Fighting Illini, and signed with the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent in the 2018 NFL season before being waived. The Miami Dolphins signed Crawford for the 2019 NFL season, but released him before the 2020 NFL season after an injury-shortened tenure. The Baltimore Ravens signed Crawford to their practice squad in December 2020, and released him in January 2021.

Illinois Fighting Illini football
The Illinois Fighting Illini football program represents the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) level. The Fighting Illini are a founding member of the Big Ten Conference, and have played their home games at Gies Memorial Stadium in Champaign, Illinois since 1923. The Fighting Illini are currently led by head coach Bret Bielema.

Illinois claims 15 Big Ten championships, ranking 4th-most among conference members, and 5 national championships, ranking 13th-most among NCAA Division 1 programs.  Illinois has had 27 Consensus All-Americans, and 15 former Illini have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame; in the Pro Football Hall of Fame, 6 former Illini have been inducted. Illinois has three trophy rivalries against Northwestern, Purdue, and Ohio State.
Cecilia, Louisiana
Cecilia is a census-designated place (CDP) in St. Martin Parish, in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The community lies within the region of Acadiana, and the Lafayette metropolitan statistical area. It had a population of 1,505 at the 2000 U.S. census, estimated to have grown to 1,917 in 2019 at the American Community Survey's 5-year estimates.

Acadiana
Acadiana (/əˌkeɪdiˈænə/; French and Louisiana French: L'Acadiane or Acadiane), also known as Cajun Country  (Louisiana French: Pays des Cadiens), is the official name given to the French Louisiana region that has historically contained much of the state's Francophone population.

Many inhabitants of Cajun Country have Acadian ancestry and identify as Cajuns or Creoles. Of the 64 parishes that make up the U.S. state of Louisiana, 22 named parishes and other parishes of similar cultural environment make up this intrastate region. Lafayette Parish and the seven surrounding parishes are identified as the "Cajun Heartland, USA" district.
Jonathan Edmondson
Jonathan Charles Edmondson FRSC FRHistS (born 1959) is a British-born historian. He holds Full Professor and Distinguished Research Professorship status at York University and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and Fellow of the Royal Historical Society.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Cleveland Hustles
Cleveland Hustles is an hour-long American reality TV series created by LeBron James and Maverick Carter, which aired for an 8-episode season between August 24 and October 12, 2016, on CNBC. In it, aspiring entrepreneurs competed to open one of four physical stores in the Gordon Square Arts District under the mentorship of a Cleveland investor.

Detroit–Shoreway
Detroit–Shoreway is a neighborhood on the West Side of Cleveland, in the U.S. state of Ohio.  Detroit–Shoreway consists of the streets between Lake Erie and Interstate 90, from West 85th to West 45th streets.
Vitalicio Seguros
Vitalicio Seguros (UCI team code: VIT) was a Spanish professional road bicycle racing cycling team active between 1998 and 2000. It helped launch the careers of triple world champion Óscar Freire, 2001 Vuelta a España winner Ángel Casero and Tour de France yellow jersey wearer Igor González de Galdeano.

The team was started by manager in 1998 with funding from Assicurazioni Generali, who wished to promote their Catalan brand and made a three-year commitment.

Ángel Casero
Ángel Luis Casero Moreno (born 27 September 1972 in Albalat dels Tarongers, Province of Valencia) is a retired Spanish road bicycle racer who raced professionally between 1994 and 2005.

His first win was at the 1995 Clásica a los Puertos de Guadarrama, followed by the 1997 Vuelta a Castilla y León. In 1998 and 1999, he was the Spanish national champion; in 1999, he finished fifth in the Tour de France. He finished second in the Vuelta a España in 2000 and won it in 2001. His name was later tied to the Operation Puerto doping case.
South Carolina's 7th congressional district
South Carolina's 7th congressional district is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in South Carolina, established in 2011 following apportionment of another seat to the state in the redistricting cycle following the 2010 census. It is located in the Pee Dee region, and includes all of Chesterfield, Darlington, Dillon, Georgetown, Horry, Marion, and Marlboro Counties and most of Florence County. The district is represented by Republican Russell Fry who was elected in 2022 and took office on January 3, 2023.

Marion County, South Carolina
Marion County is a county located in the coastal plain of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 29,183. Its county seat is Marion. It is a majority-minority county.
Frankie (TV series)
Frankie is a British television drama series created by Lucy Gannon. The series stars Eve Myles as Frankie Maddox, a district nurse more emotionally involved with her job than her personal life. The series is both set and filmed in the English city of Bristol.

District nurse
A district nurse manages care within a community and leads teams of community nurses and support workers. Duties generally include visiting house-bound patients and providing advice and care such as palliative care, wound management, catheter and continence care and medication support. Their work involves both follow-up care for recently discharged hospital inpatients and longer-term care for chronically ill patients who may be referred by many other services, as well as working collaboratively with general practitioners in preventing unnecessary or avoidable hospital admissions.

In the United Kingdom, the role requires registered nurses to take a specialist practitioner course that is approved by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC).
Immortal Coil
Immortal Coil is a Star Trek: The Next Generation novel written by Jeffrey Lang, published by Pocket Books in February 2002. The novel focuses on the character Data investigating an incident at Starfleet. The novel takes place in the 24th century in the Star Trek Universe.

Data (Star Trek)
Data is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise. He appears in the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation (TNG), the first and third seasons of Star Trek: Picard, and the fifth season of Star Trek: Lower Decks, and the feature films Star Trek Generations (1994), First Contact (1996), Insurrection (1998), and Nemesis (2002). Data is portrayed by actor Brent Spiner.

Data is a self-aware, sapient, sentient and anatomically fully functional male android who serves as the second officer and chief operations officer aboard the Federation starship USS Enterprise-D and later the USS Enterprise-E.

Data is in many ways a successor to the original Star Trek's Spock, in that the character has superior mental skills and offers an "outsider's" perspective on humanity.
Compton Cricket Club
The Compton Cricket Club (CCC), or the "Homies and the POPz", is a cricket club based in Compton, Los Angeles County, California, USA. The CCC is the only all American-born exhibition cricket team. The CCC has toured the United Kingdom four times.

On the night of the photoshoot for an advertising campaign featuring the CCC modelling the new National English Football jersey in LA, one of the team members was fatally shot as an innocent bystander in a drive-by shooting in Compton.

Drive-by shooting
A drive-by shooting is a type of assault that usually involves the perpetrator(s) firing a weapon from within a motor vehicle and then fleeing. Drive-by shootings allow the perpetrators to quickly strike their targets and flee the scene before law enforcement is able to respond. A drive-by shooting's prerequisites include access to a vehicle and a gun. The protection, anonymity, sense of power, and ease of escape provided by the getaway vehicle lead some perpetrators to feel safe expressing their hostility toward others.
Fuliiru language
The Fuliiru language (autonym: Kifuliiru; also spelled Fuliru) is a Great Lakes Bantu language spoken by the Fuliru people in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, particularly in areas north and west of Uvira Territory in South Kivu Province. It belongs to the Niger–Congo language family, within the Bantu branch, and is classified among the Shi–Havu subgroup of the Great Lakes Bantu languages. Closely related to Kinyindu, Fuliiru is the primary means of communication for the Bafuliiru community, with an estimated 400,000 native speakers as of 2012.

Historically transmitted through oral tradition, Fuliiru is characterized by its tonal system, agglutinative morphology, and extensive noun class structure. Although once marginalized in favor of Swahili and French during colonial and postcolonial periods, the language retains strong internal cohesion and serve as a marker of Fuliru's cultural identity.

Noun class
In linguistics, a noun class is a particular category of nouns. A noun may belong to a given class because of the characteristic features of its referent, such as gender, animacy, shape, but such designations are often clearly conventional. Some authors use the term "grammatical gender" as a synonym of "noun class", but others consider these different concepts. Noun classes should not be confused with noun classifiers.
James Edward Young
James Edward Young (born January 18, 1926) is an American physicist who was the first black tenured faculty member in the Department of Physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was a founding member of the National Society of Black Physicists and a mentor for Shirley Ann Jackson.

National Society of Black Physicists
The National Society of Black Physicists (NSBP), established in the United States in 1977, is a non-profit professional organization with the goal to promote the professional well-being of African Diaspora physicists and physics students within the international scientific community and the world community at large.
2025 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualification
The 2025 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualification was an under-17 women's national football team competition that determined the seven teams that would join the automatically qualified host team Faroe Islands in the 2025 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship final tournament.

Five national teams decided not to participate in the event and Russia were excluded from the tournament due to the ongoing invasion of Ukraine. Therefore, including hosts Faroe Islands, 49 teams entered this qualification competition. The Round 1 of the qualification was played from 1 October to 20 November 2024, while the Round 2 was played from 19 February to 23 March 2025. Players born on or after 1 January 2008 were eligible to participate.

2024 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualification
The 2024 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship qualifying competition was a women's under-17 football competition that determined the seven teams joining the automatically qualified hosts Sweden in the final tournament.

50 teams, including hosts Sweden, entered the qualifying competition. Players born on or after 1 January 2007 are eligible to participate.
Prairie Mountain
Prairie Mountain is a 5,678-foot-elevation (1,731-meter) mountain summit near the western edge of the North Cascades, in Snohomish County of Washington state. It is located six miles east of Darrington, Washington, and northwest of Glacier Peak which is one of the Cascade stratovolcanoes. It is situated on land administered by the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. The nearest higher peak is White Chuck Mountain, 4.7 miles (7.6 km) to the south-southeast. Precipitation runoff from Prairie Mountain drains into the Sauk River and Suiattle River, both tributaries of the Skagit River. The mountain was so named because of the beautiful prairie at its base.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
Off Course (film)
Off Course (Spanish: Perdiendo el norte) is a 2015 Spanish comedy film directed by Nacho G. Velilla. The movie touches on the topics of youth unemployment and underemployment, economic emigration, estrangement (from family), language barriers, Alzheimer's, infertility and other subjects. It is an Atresmedia Cine production.

Language barrier
A language barrier is a figurative phrase used primarily to refer to linguistic barriers to communication, i.e. the difficulties in communication experienced by people or groups originally speaking or writing  different languages (or different dialects in some cases).

Language barrier impedes the formation of interpersonal relationships and can cause misunderstandings that lead to various kinds of serious consequences. These can include conflict, frustration, medical distress, offenses of a criminal nature, violence, and the useless spent of time, effort money, and human life.
Prime Inc.
New Prime Inc., doing business as Prime Inc., is an American trucking company based in Springfield, Missouri. The company operates across the United States and Canada and provides a variety of freight transport services, including refrigerated, flatbed, tanker, and intermodal.

Tank truck
A tank truck, gas truck, fuel truck, or tanker truck (American English) or tanker (British English) is a motor vehicle designed to carry liquids or gases on roads. The largest such vehicles are similar to railroad tank cars, which are also designed to carry liquid loads. Many variants exist due to the wide variety of liquids that can be transported. Tank trucks tend to be large; they may be insulated or non-insulated; pressurized or non-pressurized; and designed for single or multiple loads (often by means of internal divisions in their tank). Some are semi-trailer trucks. They are difficult to drive and highly susceptible to rollover due to their high center of gravity and, when they are partially filled, to the free surface effect of liquid sloshing in the tank.
Ted Lindsay (politician)
Eamon John "Ted" Lindsay (born 19 December 1942) is a former Australian politician. Born in Tully, Queensland, he was a solicitor and a City of Townsville Councillor before entering federal politics. In 1983, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Labor member for Herbert, defeating the sitting Liberal member, Gordon Dean. On 24 March 1993 he was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Industry, Technology and Regional Development; on 25 March 1994 this portfolio was renamed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Industry, Science and Technology. Lindsay was defeated in the 1996 election by Liberal candidate Peter Lindsay; the two are not related.

City of Townsville
The City of Townsville is a local government area (LGA) located in North Queensland, Australia. It encompasses the city of Townsville, together with the surrounding rural areas. To the south are the communities of Alligator Creek, Woodstock and Reid River, and to the north are Northern Beaches and Paluma. Also included is Magnetic Island. In June 2018 the area had a population of 194,072, and is the 28th-largest LGA in Australia. Townsville is considered to be the unofficial capital of North Queensland.

In the 2021 census, the City of Townsville had a population of 192,768 people.
Pattern formation
The science of pattern formation deals with the visible, (statistically) orderly outcomes of self-organization and the common principles behind similar patterns in nature.

In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis, the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo. The mechanisms involved are well seen in the anterior-posterior patterning of embryos from the model organism Drosophila melanogaster (a fruit fly), one of the first organisms to have its morphogenesis studied, and in the eyespots of butterflies, whose development is a variant of the standard (fruit fly) mechanism.

Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the scientific study of the processes by which animals and plants grow and develop. The field of developmental biology is further defined by its study of phenomena such as regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells within the adult organism.
Bank of Mongolia
The Bank of Mongolia, referred to as Mongolbank (Монголбанк [mɔ́ɴɢɞɬpəŋkʰ]) in Mongolian, is the central bank of Mongolia. The main objective of the Bank of Mongolia is to ensure stability of the Mongolian tögrög.  Within its main objective the Bank of Mongolia promotes balanced and sustained development of the national economy, through maintaining the stability of money, financial markets and the banking system.

Mongolian tögrög
The tögrög (Mongolian: ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ төгрөг [ˈtʰɵɣ.rɵk]; sign: ₮; code: MNT), also spelt tugrug or tugrik, is the official currency of Mongolia.

It was historically subdivided into 100 möngö (ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ мөнгө [mɵŋk]).  Currently, the lowest denomination in regular use is the 10-tögrög note, and the highest is the 20,000-tögrög note. In Unicode, the currency sign is U+20AE ₮ TUGRIK SIGN.