hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Surface wave
In physics, a surface wave is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media.  A common example is gravity waves along the surface of liquids, such as ocean waves.  Gravity waves can also occur within liquids, at the interface between two fluids with different densities.  Elastic surface waves can travel along the surface of solids, such as Rayleigh or Love waves.  Electromagnetic waves can also propagate as "surface waves" in that they can be guided along with a refractive index gradient or along an interface between two media having different dielectric constants. In radio transmission, a ground wave is a guided wave that propagates close to the surface of the Earth.

Interface (matter)
In the physical sciences, an interface is the boundary between two spatial regions occupied by different matter, or by matter in different physical states. The interface between matter and air, or matter and vacuum, is called a surface, and studied in surface science. In thermal equilibrium, the regions in contact are called phases, and the interface is called a phase boundary. An example for an interface out of equilibrium is the grain boundary in polycrystalline matter.
Virtua Fighter 4
Virtua Fighter 4 is a 2001 fighting video game developed and published by Sega for arcades. It is the fourth game installment in the Virtua Fighter series. It was first released in arcades on the NAOMI 2 board followed by a console port as well as Virtua Fighter 4: Evolution on the PlayStation 2 under the budget-priced "Greatest Hits" label in 2002 and 2003, respectively. The sequel, Virtua Fighter 5, was released in 2006.

Virtua Fighter 5
Virtua Fighter 5 is a fighting video game developed and published by Sega. It is the fifth installment of the Virtua Fighter series. The original version was released in July 2006 on the Sega Lindbergh arcade system board with a number of updates before home ports were released for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in 2007. The first major update was Virtua Fighter 5 R (2008), followed by Virtua Fighter 5 Final Showdown (2010), with the latter ported to home systems in 2012. A version which also serves both remastered of Final Showdown and final update to the sub-series was released under the respective titles Virtua Fighter 5 Ultimate Showdown for PlayStation 4 and Japanese arcades in 2021, and Virtua Fighter 5 R.E.V.O. (later renamed to Virtua Fighter 5 R.E.V.O. World Stage) for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X and S in 2025, with a Nintendo Switch 2 version scheduled to release on March 26, 2026.
Marston, Milwich
Marston is a village and civil parish 12 miles (19 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent, in the Stafford district, in the county of Staffordshire, England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 158. The parish touches Creswell, Hopton and Coton, Salt and Enson, Sandon and Burston, Stone Rural and Whitgreave.

Whitgreave
Whitgreave is a very small village a few miles to the NNW of Stafford situated midway between the M6 motorway to the west and the A34 trunk road to the east.

It lies about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the northeast of Great Bridgeford. 
The small village church of St John the Evangelist is of red-brick construction and was built in 1844, and is now a chapel of ease holding occasional services.
Haasil (Pakistani TV series)
Haasil (Eng: Result) is a Pakistani drama television series aired during 2016-17 on Geo Entertainment. It is produced by Huzu Productions and stars Ahsan Khan, Mawra Hocane and Sonya Hussain in leads. The series revolves around two friends with contrasting personalities and family backgrounds.

Mawra Hocane
Mawra Hussain (Urdu: ماورہ حسین; born 28  September 1992), known professionally as Mawra Hocane, is a Pakistani actress who primarily works in Urdu television. She made her acting debut in 2011 with Khichari Salsa. She made her Bollywood debut with the romantic tragedy, Sanam Teri Kasam (2016) and her Pakistani film debut with the comedy drama Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2 (2018).

Hocane has received praise for her portrayals of Nadia in Ek Tamanna Lahasil Si (2012), Haya in Aahista Aahista (2014), Sammi in Sammi (2017), Anaya Aziz in Sabaat (2020), and Mehrbano in Qissa Meherbano Ka (2021). She won Hum Award for Best Actress for her performance in Neem.
Vertical (banknotes)
The eighth series of banknotes of the Canadian dollar was first released by the Bank of Canada in 2018. Like the preceding 2011 Frontier series, the 2018 series consists of polymer banknotes designed for increased durability and to incorporate more security features. It is the first series issued by the Bank of Canada printed in a vertical configuration.

The banknotes were designed by the Canadian Bank Note Company, which also prints the banknotes. The first note, the $10 bill featuring Viola Desmond, was revealed on International Women's Day, 8 March 2018, and was released to the public on 19 November 2018. Future notes will come at a slower pace than previous series to allow technological innovations to be worked into their design as time goes on.

The $10 note is the first Canadian banknote in history to possess a vertical orientation; future banknotes of other denominations (such as the $5, $20 and $50 notes) are expected to share the similar vertical orientation.

Bank of Canada
The Bank of Canada (BoC; French: Banque du Canada) is a Crown corporation and Canada's central bank. Chartered in 1934 under the Bank of Canada Act, it is responsible for formulating Canada's monetary policy, and for the promotion of a safe and sound financial system within Canada. The Bank of Canada is the sole issuing authority of Canadian banknotes, provides banking services and money management for the government, and loans money to Canadian financial institutions. The contract to produce the banknotes has been held by the Canadian Bank Note Company since 1935.

The Bank of Canada headquarters are located at the Bank of Canada Building, 234 Wellington Street in Ottawa, Ontario. The building also used to house the Bank of Canada Museum, which opened in December 1980 and temporarily closed in 2013. As of July 2017, the museum is now located at 30 Bank Street, Ottawa, Ontario, but is connected to the main buildings through the Bank of Canada's underground meeting rooms.
1956 United States Senate election in Colorado
The 1956 United States Senate special election in Colorado took place on November 6, 1956. Incumbent Republican Senator Eugene Millikin declined to seek re-election to a third term and a competitive election ensued. Former Congressman John A. Carroll, in his third consecutive bid for the Senate, narrowly defeated former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Charles F. Brannan in the Democratic primary and advanced to the general election, where he faced Governor Dan Thornton, the Republican nominee. Despite Democratic presidential nominee Adlai Stevenson's poor performance in Colorado, state-level Democrats fared much better. Carroll ended up narrowly defeating Thornton, winning his only term in the U.S. Senate.

United States Secretary of Agriculture
The United States secretary of agriculture is the head of the United States Department of Agriculture. The position carries similar responsibilities to those of agriculture ministers in other governments.

The department includes several organizations. The 297,000 mi2 (770,000 km2) of national forests and grasslands are managed by the United States Forest Service. The safety of food produced and sold in the United States is ensured by the United States Food Safety and Inspection Service. The Food Stamp Program works with the states to provide food to low-income people.

Secretary of Agriculture is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule, thus earning a salary of US$221,400, as of January 2021.

Since February 13, 2025, the current secretary is Brooke Rollins.
Rodney Pattisson
Rodney Stuart Pattisson, MBE (born 5 August 1943) is a British yachtsman. He is a double Olympic gold medalist in sailing won at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics and 1972 Munich Olympics both in the Flying Dutchman class.  He also won a silver medal at the 1976 Montreal Olympics in the same class to become Great Britain’s most successful Olympic yachtsman until Ben Ainslie overtook him with 3 gold medals and a silver medal at four different Olympic Games at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Pattisson was a member of Itchenor Sailing Club.

Ben Ainslie
Sir Charles Benedict Ainslie (born 5 February 1977) is a British competitive sailor. Ainslie is the most successful sailor in Olympic history. He won medals at five consecutive Olympics from 1996 onwards, including gold at four consecutive Games from 2000 to 2012.

He is one of three men to win medals in five different Olympic Games in sailing, doing so after Torben Grael and Robert Scheidt, and the second to win four gold medals, after Paul Elvstrøm.

Ainslie is CEO of Athena Sports Group which includes the roles of team principal, CEO and skipper of Athena Racing and CEO of the Emirates Great Britain SailGP Team. He is also a Patron of the 1851 Trust, a British charity that supports young people in sailing and STEM education.
Capture of Hamburg
The Capture of Hamburg was one of the last battles of the Western Front of the Second World War, where the remaining troops of the German 1st Parachute Army fought the British XII Corps in Lower Saxony for the control of Hamburg, Germany, between 18 April and 3 May 1945. British troops were met with fierce resistance when they advanced toward the city as Hamburg was the last remaining pocket of resistance in the north. When the British troops reached the outskirts of Hamburg, Germany eventually surrendered the city. Once the British had captured the city, they continued their advance north-east and sealed off the remnants of the 1st Parachute Army and Army Group Northwest in the Jutland peninsula.

XII Corps (United Kingdom)
XII Corps was a corps of the British Army that fought in the First and Second World Wars. In the First World War, it formed part of the British Salonika Force on the Macedonian front. In the Second World War, it formed part of the British Second Army during Operation Overlord and the subsequent North-West Europe Campaign of 1944-46.
Rachel Powell
Rachel Marie Powell (born March 26, 1980), also known as "Pink Hat Lady" and "Bullhorn Lady", is an American convicted felon known for her participation in the January 6 United States Capitol attack, in which she wore a pink hat and used a bullhorn to instruct and encourage other rioters.

On July 18, 2023, Powell was found guilty on nine counts, comprising three felonies and six misdemeanors. On October 17, 2023, Powell was sentenced to 57 months in prison followed by 36 months of supervised release. Powell began serving her sentence at the Federal Correctional Institution, Hazelton, on January 9, 2024.

On January 20, 2025, the first day of the second presidency of Donald Trump, Powell was pardoned along with nearly every other participant in the Capitol riot. She was released from the D.C. Jail, a correctional facility in Washington, D.C., the following day.

D.C. Jail
The District of Columbia Jail or the D.C. Central Detention Facility  (commonly referred to as the D.C. Jail) is a jail run by the District of Columbia Department of Corrections in the Hill East neighborhood of Washington, D.C., U.S. The majority of male inmates housed in the Central Detention Facility are awaiting adjudication of cases or are sentenced for misdemeanor offenses. Female inmates in the custody of the D.C. Department of Corrections are housed at the adjacent Correctional Treatment Facility. After the National Capital Revitalization and Self-Government Improvement Act of 1997, sentenced felons are transferred to the Federal Bureau of Prisons.
Black House (MMA)
Black House (Casa Preta) is a mixed martial arts fighting team and gym based out of Brazil.  Opened on November 27, 2006, Black House was started by former Brazilian Top Team member and black belt  Carlos Barreto, Jorge Guimarães and Rogério Camões. Guimarães acted as the team's manager and Camões was in charge of the team's training.

Fighters on the team include Anderson Silva, Lyoto Machida, Antônio Rogério Nogueira, Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira, Pedro Rizzo, Erick Silva, Rafael Cavalcante and former Chute Boxe Academy fighter Antonio "Nino" Schembri. The facility features an octagon, a boxing ring, and two dojos in the workout space.

Lyoto Machida
Lyoto Carvalho Machida (町田龍太, Machida Ryōto; Portuguese pronunciation: [liˈotu maˈʃidɐ], born 30 May 1978) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist. He formerly competed for the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he was a former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion, as well as a UFC Middleweight Championship title challenger. He most recently competed in Bellator MMA in the Light Heavyweight and Middleweight divisions.
Mr. Theertha
Mr. Theertha is a 2010 Indian Kannada-language action drama film directed by Sadhu Kokila. It is a remake of the 1995 Malayalam film Spadikam. The film stars Sudeep, Saloni Aswani and Anant Nag in the lead roles. The music was composed by Gurukiran. The film was dubbed into Telugu as Rowdy Simha and into Hindi as Rowdy Shankar in 2013.

It is a story of young man, estranged from his narcissistic father, upon failing to meet the latter's high expectations for intellectual pursuits.

Gurukiran
Gurukiran Shetty, known mononymously as Gurukiran, is an Indian film actor and playback singer, music director of the Kannada film industry in India. He started his career as a music director of the Kannada movie A, directed and acted by Upendra. His music for his next movie Upendra further consolidated his position in Kannada movie industry. He is a native of Mangalore and hails from Bunt Family. His mother tongue is Tulu. He has also acted in several movies in supporting character roles and also sung several songs and also composed in Tamil, Telugu and Tulu movies.
Sigurður Bjarnason (handballer)
Sigurður Bjarnason (born 1 December 1970) is an Icelandic former handball player and handball coach who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics.

In 1991 he switched from UMF Stjarnan to the German Bundesliga side TV Großwallstadt. In 2001 he reached the German cup final with HSG D/M Wetzlar.

In 2003 he became the coach of his former club UMF Stjarnan, where he won the Icelandic Men's Handball Cup in 2006.

Stjarnan
Ungmennafélagið Stjarnan (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈuŋkˌmɛnːaˌfjɛːˌlaijɪð ˈstja(r)tnan], lit. 'The Star Youth Club'), commonly known as Stjarnan (lit. 'The Star'), is an Icelandic multi-sports club specialising in handball, football, basketball, volleyball and gymnastics located in Garðabær.
Mount Holyoke
Mount Holyoke, a traprock mountain, elevation 935 feet (285 m), is the westernmost peak of the Holyoke Range and part of the 100-mile (160 km) Metacomet Ridge. The mountain is located in the Connecticut River Valley of western Massachusetts, and is the namesake of nearby Mount Holyoke College. The mountain is located in the towns of Hadley and South Hadley, Massachusetts. It is known for its historic summit house, auto road, scenic vistas, and biodiversity. The mountain is crossed by the 110-mile (180 km) Metacomet-Monadnock Trail and numerous shorter trails. Mount Holyoke is the home of J.A. Skinner State Park which is accessible from Route 47 in Hadley, Massachusetts.

Hadley, Massachusetts
Hadley (/ˈhædli/ ⓘ, HAD-lee) is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 5,325 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The area around the Hampshire and Mountain Farms Malls along Route 9 is a major shopping destination for the surrounding communities.
Noboru Takeshita
Noboru Takeshita (竹下 登, Takeshita Noboru; 26 February 1924 – 19 June 2000) was a Japanese politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1987 to 1989.

Born in Shimane Prefecture, Takeshita attended Waseda University and was drafted into the army during the Pacific War. He was first elected to the National Diet in 1958, and served as chief cabinet secretary in 1971–1972 and in 1974, and as finance minister from 1979–1980, 1982–1986, and in 1988, during which he signed the Plaza Accord in 1985. In 1987, Takeshita became head of the Liberal Democratic Party and succeeded Yasuhiro Nakasone as prime minister. He inherited the powerful LDP faction of Kakuei Tanaka, and was dubbed the "last shadow shogun" for his behind-the-scenes influence in politics. Takeshita was forced to resign in 1989 after being implicated in the Recruit scandal, but continued to lead the largest LDP faction until his death in 2000. He was the last prime minister to serve during the rule of Emperor Shōwa.

Plaza Accord
The Plaza Accord was a joint agreement signed on September 22, 1985, at the Plaza Hotel in New York City, between France, West Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, to depreciate the U.S. dollar in relation to the French franc, the German Deutsche Mark, the Japanese yen and the British pound sterling by intervening in currency markets. The U.S. dollar depreciated significantly from the time of the agreement until it was replaced by the Louvre Accord in 1987. Some commentators believe the Plaza Accord contributed to the Japanese asset price bubble of the late 1980s.
Friedrichs's inequality
In mathematics, Friedrichs's inequality is a theorem of functional analysis, due to Kurt Friedrichs. It places a bound on the Lp norm of a function using Lp bounds on the weak derivatives of the function and the geometry of the domain, and can be used to show that certain norms on Sobolev spaces are equivalent. Friedrichs's inequality generalizes the Poincaré–Wirtinger inequality, which deals with the case k = 1.

Lp space
In mathematics, the Lp spaces are function spaces defined using a natural generalization of the p-norm for finite-dimensional vector spaces. They are sometimes called Lebesgue spaces, named after Henri Lebesgue (Dunford & Schwartz 1958, III.3), although according to the Bourbaki group (Bourbaki 1987) they were first introduced by Frigyes Riesz (Riesz 1910).

Lp spaces form an important class of Banach spaces in functional analysis, and of topological vector spaces. Because of their key role in the mathematical analysis of measure and probability spaces, Lebesgue spaces are used also in the theoretical discussion of problems in physics, statistics, economics, finance, engineering, and other disciplines.
Rama V Bridge
The Rama V Bridge (Thai: สะพานพระราม 5, RTGS: Saphan Phra Ram Ha, pronounced [sā.pʰāːn pʰráʔ rāːm hâː]) is a bridge across the Chao Phraya River in Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. The bridge was named in the honour of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). It is not related to Rama V Road in Dusit District, Bangkok.

Nonthaburi province
Nonthaburi is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 May 1946 (Thursday).

Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani, Bangkok, and Nakhon Pathom. Nonthaburi is the most densely populated province after Bangkok. The Bang Kwang Central Prison is in the province.
Svenskeren
Dennis Johnsen (born January 2, 1996), better known as Svenskeren (pronounced [ˈsvenskɐn]; Danish for 'the Swede'), is a Danish former professional League of Legends player. He has played for SK Gaming, Supa Hot Crew, Ninjas in Pyjamas, Copenhagen Wolves, Team SoloMid, Cloud9, and Evil Geniuses.

During the 2014 League of Legends World Championship group stage in Taiwan, Svenskeren registered an account by the name TaipeiChingChong on the Garena servers and was subsequently fined and suspended by Riot Games for racism. The incident was also criticized by the Taiwanese version of the newspaper Apple Daily. SK Gaming ultimately finished 9–11th.

TSM was involved in a dispute with H2k-Gaming over Svenskeren's contract as both sides claimed they had signed him first. Eventually he signed with TSM, replacing Lucas "Santorin" Larsen as their jungler. At his first tournament with the team, they finished 3rd-4th at Intel Extreme Masters Season X - San Jose.

Santorin (gamer)
Lucas Tao Kilmer Larsen, better known as Santorin, is a Danish professional League of Legends player who is the jungler for Team Liquid of the League of Legends Championship Series (LCS). He has also played for Team Coast, Team SoloMid, Team Ember and Team Huma. Santorin joined TSM in November 2014. He won the 2015 Spring NA LCS with TSM. On December 14, 2015, he was announced for Team Huma's North American League of Legends Challenger Series. On February 26, 2016, he was sold to Ember due to Huma's financial issues.

After a 9th place regular season finish  in the 2016 Summer NA LCS, and subsequent relegation match losses, Santorin left NRG.
Hiroki Kondo (pitcher)
Hiroki Kondo (近藤 弘樹, Kondō Hiroki; born June 27, 1995) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher for the Tokyo Yakult Swallows of the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He has played in NPB for the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles.

Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles
The Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles (東北楽天ゴールデンイーグルス, Tōhoku Rakuten Gōruden Īgurusu), often shortened as the Rakuten Eagles (楽天イーグルス, Rakuten Īgurusu), are a baseball team based in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. It has played in Nippon Professional Baseball's Pacific League since the team's formation in November 2004. The team is owned by the Internet shopping company Rakuten.
L.W. (album)
L.W. (subtitled Explorations into Microtonal Tuning, Volume 3) is the seventeenth studio album by Australian psychedelic rock band King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard. It was released on 25 February 2021 by Flightless in Australia and self-released in the U.K., U.S., and Europe on 28 May 2021. The album was preceded by 3 singles, ("If Not Now, Then When?", "O.N.E." and "Pleura") which were released alongside music videos uploaded to YouTube. L.W. is a companion album to K.G. Explorations into Microtonal Tuning, Volume 2, released only four months before, and a continuation of microtonal themes first featured in Flying Microtonal Banana (2017).

Flying Microtonal Banana
Flying Microtonal Banana (subtitled Explorations into Microtonal Tuning, Volume 1) is the ninth studio album by Australian psychedelic rock band King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard. It was released on 24 February 2017 on Flightless Records in Australia, ATO Records in the United States, and Heavenly Recordings in the United Kingdom. It is the first of five albums released by the band in 2017 and their first exploration of microtonal music, utilising custom-built instruments.

The album earned the band a nomination for Best Group at the ARIA Music Awards of 2017, losing to Gang of Youths for Go Farther in Lightness. The album peaked at number two on the ARIA charts (their first top 10), and it is also the first album by the band to chart on the US Billboard 200, peaking at 170.