hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Falling-film column
A falling-film column (or wetted-wall column) is a kind of laboratory equipment used to achieve mass and heat transfer between two fluid phases (in general one gas phase and one liquid phase).

It consists of a vertical tube-shaped vessel: the liquid stream flows downwards through the inner wall of the tube and the gas stream flows up through of the centre of the tube.

Laboratory
A laboratory (UK: /ləˈbɒrətəri/; US: /ˈlæbrətɔːri/; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and testing facilities, government regulatory and forensic investigation centers,  physicians' offices, clinics, hospitals, regional and national referral centers, and even occasionally personal residences.
NJPW Ultimate Crush
Ultimate Crush was a major professional wrestling and mixed martial arts pay-per-view event promoted by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). The event took place on May 2, 2003, at the Tokyo Dome in Tokyo, Japan. The card contained a mixture of pro wrestling matches and mixed martial arts fights. The show was headlined by Yoshihiro Takayama defending the NWF Heavyweight Championship against Yuji Nagata, who also defended the IWGP Heavyweight Championship in a unification match.

The show also featured participation from Pro Wrestling Noah, as Kenta Kobashi defended the GHC Heavyweight Championship against Masahiro Chono. The only other title match on the show featured Jushin Thunder Liger and Koji Kanemoto defending the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship against Heat and Tiger Mask IV. Ultimate Crush featured 6 professional wrestling matches and 5 mixed martial arts fights contested under Vale Tudo rules, with a total of 11 matches on the card.

GHC Heavyweight Championship
The Global Honored Crown (GHC) Heavyweight Championship (Japanese: GHCヘビー級王座, Hepburn: GHC Hebī-kyū Ōza) is the  professional wrestling world heavyweight championship created and promoted by Japanese promotion Pro Wrestling Noah, which was merged with DDT Pro-Wrestling to form CyberFight in 2020. It is one of CyberFight's two top men's world titles, alongside the KO-D Openweight Championship in DDT. The title was also defended on Impact Wrestling which has a working relationship with Pro Wrestling Noah. Though its name implies a particular weight class, it has been periodically held by junior heavyweights, including Yoshinari Ogawa, Kenta, Naomichi Marufuji, Katsuhiko Nakajima and Kenoh. The current champion is Yoshiki Inamura, who is in his first reign. He defeated Kenta at Star Navigation 2025 on November 8th, 2025, in Tokyo, Japan.
Anand Mohan
Anand Mohan (born 29 September 1957) is registrar of Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra (India) and former professor at Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University. He is a scientist in the field of geology, petrology and mineralogy. He is a member of XII Five Year Plan (2012–2017) of Planning Commission sub-committee on "Strengthening Community Engagement in Higher Education Institutions". He is also expert reviewer for earth sciences at Union Public Service Commission, India. He is Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences, India (FASc) and National Academy of Sciences, India (FNASc).

Indian Academy of Sciences
The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Indian Physicist and Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman, and was registered as a society on 27 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meeting of Fellows, held on the same day, elected Raman as president, and adopted the constitution of the Academy.
HMS Sabrina (1916)
HMS Sabrina was the first Yarrow Later M class, or Yarrow R class, destroyer and served in the Royal Navy during the First World War. The Later M class was an improvement on those of the preceding Yarrow M class, with a narrower beam. Launched in 1916, Sabrina joined the Fifteenth Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet. The vessel was a participant in anti-submarine patrols as part of the flotilla, but did not engage any enemy warships. The Admiralty increasingly used more successful  convoys rather than relying on destroyers finding the enemy on patrol. After the Armistice that ended the war, the destroyer was initially placed in reserve and participated in a naval exercise in 1920, before being sold to be broken up in 1926.

Yarrow M-class destroyer
The Yarrow M class was a class of ten destroyers built for the Royal Navy that saw service during World War I. They were generally similar to the standard Admiralty M-class destroyer, but were instead designed by the builder, Yarrow & Company. Generally, they had two instead of three shafts, as well as two funnels and a straight stern, with the bridge set well back from the forecastle. The first trio were two knots faster than the Admiralty M type, despite less installed power and one less shaft; the installed power was increased for the later vessels.  Jane's Fighting Ships describes the class as "very successful boats", and all ten vessels survived throughout the war to be broken up during the 1920s. Moon, Mounsey and Musketeer were each fitted to carry a kite balloon.
Göran Göransson
Göran Erik Göransson (born 7 May 1956) is a Swedish former footballer and manager who most notably played for AIK and managed the Sweden U21 team. He made 363 official appearances for AIK, helping them win two Svenska Cupen titles and finishing first during the 1983 regular Allsvenskan season.

Svenska Cupen
Svenska cupen (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsvɛ̂nːska ˈkɵ̌pːɛn], lit. 'the Swedish cup'), also known as the Swedish Cup in English, is a knockout cup competition in Swedish football and the main Swedish football cup. Svenska cupen usually refers to the men's tournament, although a women's tournament is also held. Each year 96 teams compete, comprising the 16 teams from Allsvenskan and the 16 teams of Superettan together with 64 teams from lower tiers of the league system. The winners qualify for the qualifying stages of the UEFA Europa League. The winner is awarded the Gustaf VI Adolf cup.

Svenska cupen was first held in 1941. The current holders of the cup are BK Häcken who beat Malmö FF in the 2025 final. Malmö FF are the most successful club of the competition having won 16 titles, the latest in 2024.
Grey's Anatomy season 20
The twentieth season of the American medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy was announced on March 24, 2023, and premiered in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on March 14, 2024. Meg Marinis took over as showrunner after Krista Vernoff, who departed from the series after the previous season.

This is the first season not to feature Jesse Williams since the sixth season and the first season not to feature Kelly McCreary and Scott Speedman as series regulars since the eleventh and eighteenth seasons, respectively. Ellen Pompeo retains her series regular status, as well as continuing to provide voiceover for every episode and appearing in five episodes of the season. On April 2, 2024, ABC renewed the series for a twenty-first season.

Kelly McCreary
Kelly J. McCreary (born September 29, 1981) is an American actress, best known for her role on the ABC drama series Grey's Anatomy as Dr. Maggie Pierce, the half-sister of series protagonist Meredith Grey. She joined the series as a guest at the end of the tenth season, becoming a series regular in the eleventh season. She has reprised her role on the spin-off series Station 19.

McCreary began her career acting in theatre, eventually making it to Broadway, and has performed in a number of productions by playwright Dominique Morisseau. She made her screen debut doing voice work for several animated children's educational programs, and later made guest appearances on the television series Rubicon, I Just Want My Pants Back, and Castle, with multi-episode arcs on White Collar and Scandal. She has appeared in the films Being Flynn (2011) and Life (2015). McCreary was a series regular on The CW's short-lived medical drama Emily Owens, M.D. as Tyra Dupre.
Austin Cindric
Austin Louis Cindric (born September 2, 1998) is an American professional auto racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 2 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for Team Penske. He also competes part-time in the Supercars Championship, driving the No. 5 Ford Mustang S650 for Tickford Racing.

Prior to competing in stock cars, Cindric raced in a variety of disciplines, including sports cars, the Road to Indy ladder, and the Global RallyCross Championship. His first NASCAR start came in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series in 2015, and he finished third in that series' standings in 2017 before moving up to the Xfinity Series. He won the 2020 NASCAR Xfinity Series Championship and the 2022 Daytona 500.

Tickford Racing
Tickford Racing (formerly known as Prodrive Racing Australia and Ford Performance Racing) is an Australian motor racing team which competes in the Supercars Championship. The team currently campaigns two Ford Mustangs, with their current drivers being Cam Waters and Thomas Randle. Tickford Racing also competes in the Super2 Series with Reuben Goodall, Lochie Dalton, Rylan Gray and Nash Morris.

The team has won the Bathurst 1000 twice, in 2013 (Winterbottom/Richards) and in 2014 (Mostert/Morris). They have won the driver's championship once, in 2015 with Mark Winterbottom.
Chhote Nawab
Chhote Nawab (transl. Little Master) is a 1961 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film written by Mumtaz Ali and directed by S. A. Akbar. Produced under Mumtaz Films, it stars Ameeta, Mehmood, Johnny Walker and Helen. It was released in 1961 and was " Hit" at the box office.

Mehmood (actor)
Mehmood Ali (29 September 1932 – 23 July 2004), popularly known simply as Mehmood, was an Indian actor, singer, director and producer, best known for playing Comic,Serious,emotional and versatile roles in Hindi films.

During his career of more than four decades, he worked in over 300 Hindi films and was known as Bollywood's Original Bhaijaan. Mehmood received 25 nominations for film awards, 19 for 'Best Performance in a Comic Role', while the awards started in 1954, awards for the best comedian category started only in 1967. Prior to that Mehmood also received 6 nominations for 'Best Supporting Actor'.
The End: Live in Birmingham
The End: Live in Birmingham is a live album by the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath. It features the final performance from their farewell concert tour, known as The End Tour, recorded at Genting Arena in Birmingham, England, on 4 February 2017. Performing at the show and on the album are founding Black Sabbath members Ozzy Osbourne, Tony Iommi, and Geezer Butler. They performed with session drummer Tommy Clufetos filling in for the band's original drummer, Bill Ward, as well as keyboardist and guitarist Adam Wakeman.

The End: Live in Birmingham was released on 17 November 2017, preceded by a concert film, Black Sabbath: The End of the End, which was released on 28 September. The album was released through Eagle Vision, as a CD, DVD, Blu-ray, vinyl record and a limited deluxe box set.

Bill Ward (musician)
William Thomas Ward (born 5 May 1948) is an English drummer. He is the original drummer of Black Sabbath, co-founding the pioneering heavy metal band in 1969 alongside Ozzy Osbourne, Tony Iommi and Geezer Butler. He has released three solo albums, the most recent being Accountable Beasts in 2015.
Serbian Football Coach of the Year
Serbian Football Coach of the Year (Serbian: Српски тренер године, Srpski trener godine) is an annual award given from Football Association of Serbia to the best football coach of the year. Originally it has been awarded the Football Association of Serbia and Montenegro. On the same occasion is also given an award for Serbian Player of the Year.

Serbian Footballer of the Year
The Football Association of Serbia Golden Ball (Serbian: Златна лопта Фудбалског савеза Србије / Zlatna lopta Fudbalskog saveza Srbije) is an annual award given to players and coaches who are adjudged to have been the best of the year in Serbian football. The award has been presented since 2005.
Pamanakallur
Pamanakallur is a village in the Manvi taluk of Raichur district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Pamanakallur is located northwest to Manvi town. Pamanakallur lies on road connecting Raichur and Bagalkot.

Manvi
Manvi or Mānvi is a City in the Raichur district of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the municipal headquarters of the Manvi taluk. Manvi Police Station stood fifth in the list of top 10 best police station across the country.

Manvi is governed by a municipal corporation. It is home to a number of religious sites including: Hazrat Syed Shah Sabzali Sattar Quadri Ra, Mallikarjunn Swamy Temple, and Manvi. Manvi is associated with a number of religious philosophers of Hinduism, such as the 18th-century the Madhva-follower and dasa Sri Jagannatha Dasa. It is also home to a number of archaeological and historical sites, such as "Fort On The Top Of The Hill", Ancient Bridges, and the Jumma-Masjid Mosque (Shahi-Masjid), an ancient mosque with outer works of black stone from the Bhamani or Adilshahi periods. The said Masque is maintaining by the Khazi Ahmed Hussain sons until his ancestral.
Abstract rewriting system
In mathematical logic and theoretical computer science, an abstract rewriting system (also (abstract) reduction system or abstract rewrite system; abbreviated ARS) is a formalism that captures the quintessential notion and properties of rewriting systems. In its simplest form, an ARS is simply a set (of "objects") together with a binary relation, traditionally denoted with ; this definition can be further refined if we index (label) subsets of the binary relation. Despite its simplicity, an ARS is sufficient to describe important properties of rewriting systems like normal forms, termination, and various notions of confluence.

Historically, there have been several formalizations of rewriting in an abstract setting, each with its idiosyncrasies. This is due in part to the fact that some notions are equivalent, see below in this article. The formalization that is most commonly encountered in monographs and textbooks, and which is generally followed here, is due to Gérard Huet (1980).

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Coalition PS/PCP
The PS/PCP coalition (Portuguese: Coligação PS/PCP) was a socialist political and electoral alliance in Portugal formed by the Socialist Party (PS), the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) and its allies.

It was commonly formed in Lisbon from 1989 to 2001, being led by Jorge Sampaio in the 1989 and 1993 local elections, and by João Soares in 1997 and 2001.

João Soares (politician)
João Barroso Soares (born 29 August 1949 in São Cristóvão e São Lourenço, Lisbon) is a Portuguese editor and Socialist Party politician, who was President of the Municipality of Lisbon from 1995 to 2002. He was member of the European Parliament and of the Portuguese State Council.
Paige Sandhu
Paige Courtney S. Sandhu (born 28 October 1992) is an English actress. She began her career with appearances in Doctors and Endeavour, before being cast as Meena Jutla in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale (2020–2022). For her portrayal, she received critical acclaim, won Best Villain at the Inside Soap Awards two years in a row and won Best Leading Performer at the 2022 British Soap Awards.

Inside Soap Awards
The Inside Soap Awards is a yearly British award ceremony run by Inside Soap magazine since 1996. The awards celebrate both British and Australian soap operas and their actors. The current soap operas nominated for awards are Casualty, Coronation Street, EastEnders, Emmerdale, Hollyoaks, Home and Away and Waterloo Road. Now defunct soaps that were formerly nominated for awards included Take the High Road, Springhill, Sunset Beach, The Bill, Bad Girls, Brookside, Crossroads, Doctors, Family Affairs, Night and Day, Where the Heart Is, Holby City and Neighbours.
The View from Pompey's Head (film)
The View from Pompey's Head is a 1955 American drama film, written and directed by Philip Dunne and based on the 1954 novel The View from Pompey's Head by Hamilton Basso. The film stars Richard Egan, Dana Wynter, Cameron Mitchell, Sidney Blackmer, Marjorie Rambeau and Dorothy Patrick. The film was released on November 4, 1955, by 20th Century Fox.

Richard Egan (actor)
Richard Egan (July 29, 1921 – July 20, 1987) was an American actor. After beginning his career in 1949, he subsequently won a Golden Globe Award for his performances in the films The Glory Brigade (1953) and The Kid from Left Field (1953). He went on to star in many films such as Underwater! (1955), Seven Cities of Gold (1955), The Revolt of Mamie Stover (1956), Love Me Tender (1956), Tension at Table Rock (1956), A Summer Place (1959), Esther and the King (1960) and The 300 Spartans (1962).
1981 National Soccer League (Canada) season
The 1981 National Soccer League season was the fifty-eighth season under the National Soccer League (NSL) name. The season began in May, 1981 and concluded in October 1981 with the NSL Championship final where Hamilton Steelers defeated Toronto Italia in a two-legged series final. Hamilton would achieve a treble by also securing the regular-season title, and defeating Toronto Ukrainians for the NSL Cup.

Canadian National Soccer League
The National Soccer League was a soccer league in Canada that existed from 1926 to 1997. Teams were primarily based in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The league was renamed to Canadian National Soccer League in 1993 following the folding of the Canadian Soccer League, and the accepting of the Winnipeg Fury, making the league more national. In the 1960s, the National Soccer League was one of four major leagues in Canadian soccer alongside the Pacific Coast League, the Eastern Canada Professional Soccer League and the Western Canada Soccer League.

It was replaced by the Canadian Professional Soccer League in 1998, after an agreement between the CNSL and the Ontario Soccer Association.
History of communication
The history of communication technologies (media and appropriate inscription tools) have evolved in tandem with shifts in political and economic systems, and by extension, systems of power. Communication can range from very subtle processes of exchange to full conversations and mass communication. The history of communication itself can be traced back since the origin of speech circa 100,000 BCE. The use of technology in communication may be considered since the first use of symbols about 30,000 years BCE. Among the symbols used, there are cave paintings, petroglyphs, pictograms and ideograms. Writing was a major innovation, as well as printing technology and, more recently, telecommunications and the Internet.

Cave painting
In archaeology, cave paintings are a type of parietal art (which category also includes petroglyphs, or engravings), found on the wall or ceilings of caves. The term usually implies prehistoric origin. Several groups of scientists suggest that the oldest of such paintings were created not by Homo sapiens, but by Denisovans and Neanderthals.

Discussion around prehistoric art is important in understanding the history of Homo sapiens and how human beings have come to have unique abstract thoughts. Some point to these prehistoric paintings as possible examples of creativity, spirituality, and sentimental thinking in prehistoric humans.
Statistics of Income
Statistics of Income (SOI) is a program and associated division of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in the United States to make statistics collected from income tax returns and information returns available to other government agencies and the general public. It fulfills an IRS function mandated by the Revenue Act of 1916.

Revenue Act of 1916
The United States Revenue Act of 1916, (ch. 463, 39 Stat. 756, September 8, 1916) raised the lowest income tax rate from 1% to 2% and raised the top rate to 15% on taxpayers with incomes above $2 million ($57.8 million in 2024 dollars). Previously, the top rate had been 7% on income above $500,000 ($14.4 million in 2024 dollars). The Act also instituted the federal estate tax.

The entry of the United States into World War I greatly increased the need for revenue.

An excess profits tax was introduced and the modern estate tax was imposed.

The act was applicable to incomes for 1916.
Bob Honohan
Robert P. Honohan (born 1940) is an Irish Gaelic football coach, selector and former player. At club he played with Donoughmore and Mitchelstown, divisional side Avondhu and at inter-county level with the Cork minor and junior teams. In a lengthy coaching career, Honohan has had All-Ireland successes at different inter-county levels.

Selector (sport)
In some team sports, a selector is a member of a selection panel which chooses teams or individuals to represent a country or club or other representative team in sporting competitions.

For example, a selector in cricket is an administrative position involved in choosing players to represent a particular team in a match. Or, in Gaelic games a selector (sometimes referred to by the Irish term roghnóir) is a person who helps pick a team to represent a club or county team.

Selectors may be past players, but can also be current coaches. Current captains may also have an influence.
Beautiful Ruin
Beautiful Ruin is an EP by American metalcore band Converge. it was released on June 29, 2018, via Epitaph and Deathwish. It consists of four tracks that were recorded during the sessions for The Dusk in Us. It was produced by Converge guitarist Kurt Ballou and features artwork created by the band's singer Jacob Bannon.

Epitaph Records
Epitaph Records is an American independent record label owned by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz. A large portion of the record label, known as Hellcat Records, is owned by Tim Armstrong, frontman of the punk rock band Rancid. Several sister labels also exist, such as ANTI-, Burning Heart Records, Hellcat Records, and Heart & Skull Records that have signed other types of bands.
Murdo MacLeod
Murdo Davidson MacLeod (born 24 September 1958 in Glasgow) is a Scottish former professional football player and manager. MacLeod, who played as a midfielder, made 20 appearances for Scotland and played in the 1990 World Cup Finals. He had a successful club career, mainly with Dumbarton, Celtic, Borussia Dortmund and Hibernian. He then became a manager during the mid-1990s, serving both Dumbarton and Partick Thistle. MacLeod then returned to Celtic as assistant manager, enjoying a successful season in tandem with Wim Jansen. Since leaving Celtic as a result of Jansen's departure from Celtic Park in 1998, MacLeod has worked as a football pundit for newspapers, radio and television.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.