hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rural society in China
Rural society in the People's Republic of China encompasses less than half of China's population (roughly 45%) and has a varied range of standard of living and means of living. Life in rural China differs from that of urban China. In southern and coastal China, rural areas are developing and, in some cases, statistically approaching urban economies. In northwest and western regions, rural society is still perceived as lowly and primitive. Basic needs such as running water and accessible transportation are a problem in these areas.

Collective farming
Collective farming and communal farming are various types of agricultural production in which multiple farmers run their holdings as a joint enterprise. There are two broad types of communal farms: agricultural cooperatives, in which member-owners jointly engage in farming activities as a collective; and state farms, which are owned and directly run by a centralized government. The process by which farmland is aggregated is called collectivization.
Worms Ultimate Mayhem
Worms Ultimate Mayhem is a 3D artillery turn-based tactics video game developed by Team17. The game is a re-release of Worms 4: Mayhem with improved graphics. It features all-new content, story mode voice acting by Guy Harris, and other gameplay fixes such as reworked camera controls. The game features turn-based gameplay, a single-player campaign, and both local and online multiplayer. While primarily based on Worms 4: Mayhem, Ultimate Mayhem also includes content from Worms 3D, with its campaign and multiplayer maps included in the game.

The game was released as a digital download on September 28, 2011 for Microsoft Windows and Xbox 360 and on February 14, 2012 for PlayStation 3.

Worms 3D
Worms 3D is a 2003 3D artillery turn-based tactical video game developed by Team17 and published by Sega, Acclaim Entertainment, and Feral Interactive. It is the sixth installment in the Worms series, and was released for GameCube, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2 and Xbox. Notably, the game was the first in the series to be fully 3D.  Additionally, it featured several new weapons, with some weapon operations being substantially different from previous Worms titles.
Shaun Foist
Shaun William Foist is an American musician who formerly played with the rock band Breaking Benjamin. His previous bands have included Picture Me Broken, Diesel 129, Table 9, and Black Saints Cartel. He also toured with Hinder and Three Days Grace.

He joined Breaking Benjamin in August 2014. He replaced former drummer Chad Szeliga, and at the time of his departure, Foist served as the longest-serving drummer. He played on two studio of their studio albums, Dark Before Dawn (2015) and Ember (2018), as well as their lead single for their upcoming seventh studio album. He also played on a re-recorded compilation album Aurora (2020).

Ember (album)
Ember is the sixth studio album by American rock band Breaking Benjamin, produced by lead singer and rhythm guitarist Benjamin Burnley. It was released by Hollywood Records on April 13, 2018. The first single, "Red Cold River", was released on January 5, 2018. A music video for "Torn in Two" was released on the same day as the album, and was released as the second single on May 29, 2018. On December 13, 2018, a music video for "Tourniquet" was released, and was released as the third single on December 18, 2018. This is the band's last studio album with Hollywood Records before signing with BMG.
Harenadraco
Harenadraco (meaning "sand dragon") is an extinct genus of troodontid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Baruungoyot Formation of Mongolia. The genus contains a single species, H. prima, known from a fragmentary skeleton. Harenadraco represents the first troodontid known from the Baruungoyot Formation. Since members of this family are also known from the Nemegt and Djadochta Formations, the discovery of Harendraco indicates that troodontids were important faunal components of every formation within the Nemegt Basin.

Nemegt Formation
The Nemegt Formation (also known as Nemegtskaya Svita) is a geological formation in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, dating to the Late Cretaceous. The formation consists of river channel sediments and contains fossils of fish, turtles, crocodilians, and a diverse fauna of dinosaurs, including birds.
Tall Hours in the Glowstream
Tall Hours in the Glowstream is the third album by Cotton Jones, which was released on August 24, 2010.  Michael Nau and Whitney McGraw recorded the majority of the album in their living room while they were staying in Winterville, Georgia, and the sound of the record is equal parts gospel, Southern soul, and backwoods folk. The album is a change from the Southern Gothic nocturnal vibes of The River Strumming and the moody psychedelic folk of Paranoid Cocoon into a brighter chamber pop.

Paranoid Cocoon
Paranoid Cocoon is the second album by Cotton Jones, which was released on January 27, 2009.  It was the band's debut on Suicide Squeeze Records.  The band's sound was described as an "intriguing mix of country and melancholy psychedelia" and comparisons were made with Johnny Cash, Mazzy Star, and Beach House.
Bonanza season 5
The fifth season of the American Western television series Bonanza premiered on NBC on September 22, 1963, with the final episode airing May 24, 1964. The series was developed and produced by David Dortort, and season five starred Lorne Greene, Pernell Roberts, Dan Blocker, and Michael Landon.  The season consisted of 34 episodes of a series total 431 hour-long episodes, the entirety of which was produced in color. Season five was aired on Sundays at 9:00 p.m.  It ranked #2 in the Nielsen ratings, the highest rated Western for the 1963-1964 season.

Lorne Greene
Lorne Hyman Greene OC (born Lyon Himan Green; February 12, 1915 – September 11, 1987) was a Canadian actor, singer, and radio personality. His notable television roles include Ben Cartwright on the Western Bonanza and Commander Adama in the original science-fiction television series Battlestar Galactica and Galactica 1980.  He also worked on the Canadian television nature documentary series Lorne Greene's New Wilderness and in television commercials.
Anna of Cilli
Anna of Cilli or Anne of Celje (Polish: Anna Cylejska; 1386 – 21 May 1416) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania from 1402 to 1416. She was the second wife of Jogaila (Władysław II Jagiełło), King of Poland and Supreme Duke of Lithuania (reigned 1387–1434). Their marriage was politically motivated to strengthen Jogaila's ties with the Piast dynasty and his claims to the Polish throne. Their marriage was rather distant and during fourteen years Anna bore only one daughter, Hedwig Jagiellon, who died without issue.

Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 960–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great.

Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter.
2013 Indonesian Premier League
The 2013 Indonesian Premier League was the 2nd and final season of the Indonesian Premier League (IPL), a fully professional football competition as the shared top tier of the football league pyramid in Indonesia with the Indonesia Super League before the two leagues merged for the 2014 season. The season began on 16 February 2013. Semen Padang were the defending champions, having won their 1st league title .

Indonesian Premier League
Indonesian Premier League (IPL; Indonesian: Liga Prima Indonesia) was the highest level competition for football clubs in Indonesia from 2011 to 2013. This competition was managed by PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo, under supervision of the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI). IPL replaced Indonesia Super League (ISL) as the highest-level football league in Indonesia.
The Gehn Gehn Album
The Gehn Gehn Album is the debut solo studio album by Nigerian singer Orezi. It was released by Sprisal Entertainment on 9 September 2015. The album features guest appearances from Flavour, M.I, Davido, Wizkid, Timaya, 9ice, Ice Prince, and Kiddominant. Its production was mostly handled by Kiddominant, with Orezi enlisting producers such as Mystro, Dr. Amir, Dapiano, and Ex-O. The Gehn Gehn Album spawned the singles "Rihanna", "Maserati", "Zarokome", "Shoki", "Shuperu (Remix)", "Baby Abeg", "Double Your Hustle", "Yagolono", and "Sweet Yarinya".

Rihanna (Orezi song)
"Rihanna" is a song by Nigerian singer Orezi. It was produced by Kiddominant and released on February 18, 2013. Orezi recorded "Rihanna" while signed to Culbeed Music. The music video for "Rihanna" peaked at number 1 on the Pulse Nigeria music video chart. Orezi recorded the video after signing with Sprisal Entertainment, a record label owned by Jibola Fatgbems of Fatgbems Oil.
Government of the Marquis of Vega de Armijo
The government of Antonio Aguilar y Correa, Marquis of Vega de Armijo, was formed on 4 December 1906, following the latter's appointment as prime minister of Spain by King Alfonso XIII on 3 December and his swearing-in the next day, as a result of Segismundo Moret's resignation from the post on 3 December in the wake of the "crisis of the letter" (crisis del papelito). It succeeded the second Moret government and was the government of Spain from 4 December 1906 to 25 January 1907, a total of 52 days, or 1 month and 21 days.

The cabinet comprised members of the Liberal–Democratic alliance and two military officers. With the Liberals deeply divided over the Law of Associations and a proposal to reform consumption taxes, the government collapsed on 23 January, unable to arrange an agreement between the various party factions.

Segismundo Moret
Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (2 June 1833 – 28 January 1913) was a Spanish politician and writer. He was the prime minister of Spain on three occasions and the president of the Congress of Deputies on two occasions.
2025 SA20 final
The 2025 SA20 final was a Twenty20 (T20) cricket match played at the Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg, on 8 February 2025 to determine the winner of the 2025 SA20.

After winning the toss, MI Cape Town elected to bat, and scored 181/8 in 20 overs against Sunrisers Eastern Cape. The MI Cape Town' ultimately win by huge margin of 76 runs, securing their first SA20 title. MICT player Trent Boult was named player of the match.

Wanderers Stadium
The Wanderers Stadium, also known as the Bullring due to its intimidating atmosphere, is a cricket stadium situated just south of Sandton in Illovo, Johannesburg in Gauteng, South Africa. Test, One Day and First class cricket matches are played here. It is the home ground for the Imperial Lions and the Joburg Super Kings.
Badin Express
Badin Express (Urdu: بدین ایکسپریس, Sindhi: بدین ایکسپریس) is a passenger train operated daily by Pakistan Railways between Hyderabad and Badin. The trip takes approximately 2 hours and 30 minutes to cover a published distance of 104 kilometres (65 mi), traveling along the entire stretch of the Hyderabad–Badin Branch Line.

Hyderabad–Badin Branch Line
Hyderabad–Badin Branch Line (Urdu: حیدرآباد - بدین فرعی ریلوے خط, Sindhi: حیدرآباد - بدین ريلوي لائن) was one of several branch lines in Pakistan, operated and maintained by Pakistan Railways.This railway line was made abandoned by Pakistan Railways in 2020. The line began from Hyderabad Junction station and ends at Badin station. The total length of this railway line was 109 kilometers (68 mi). There were 9 railway stations from Hyderabad Junction to Badin.
Masjid Darul Aman
Masjid Darul Aman (Jawi: مسجد دار الأمان) is a mosque located in Geylang East, Singapore. Built in 1986, it is situated at the junction of Changi Road and Jalan Eunos. It has also been nominated for the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 1989.

Geylang East
Geylang East, as a planning subzone, covers what is more commonly known as Eunos, (IPA: /ˈjuːnoʊs, -ɒs/ YOO-nohss or -⁠noss). This is located in Geylang in the Central Region of Singapore. The vicinity is served by both Paya Lebar and Eunos MRT stations. This area is distinct from the Geylang East Central and estate, which is adjacent to and west of Eunos.

"Eunos" is also the name given to a street called Jalan Eunos which spans the area.
Dogdyke
Dogdyke is a hamlet in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 2 miles (3 km) south from Tattershall, and at the confluence of the Rivers Bain and Witham, and close to where the River Slea joins the Witham.

Dogdyke Pumping Station
The Dogdyke Pumping Station is a drainage engine near Tattershall, Lincolnshire, in England.  The drainage of 2,500 acres (1,012 ha) of land around Tattershall was authorised in 1796, and came under the control of the Witham Third District commissioners in 1844.

The building dates to 1856 when a rotative beam engine was built to replace windmill style engines possibly dating to 1540 and draining land between the rivers Bain and Witham. The engine discharged into the River Witham, but has a long fetch from a drain parallel to the river called The Dogdyke engine drain originating just south of Kirkstead at a place called Parkbeck.

1856 is relatively late and Wheeler does say that the 1856 engine replaces one installed in 1841, but the location of that is unknown.

The building is a grade II listed ancient monument.
Steven Keats
Steven Keats (born Steven Paul Keitz; February 6, 1945 – May 8, 1994) was an American actor who appeared in such films as Death Wish (as Charles Bronson's character's son-in-law), Black Sunday, Hester Street and the Chuck Norris thriller Silent Rage.

Death Wish (1974 film)
Death Wish is a 1974 American vigilante action film directed by Michael Winner. The film, loosely based on the 1972 novel of the same title by Brian Garfield and the first film in the Death Wish film series, stars Charles Bronson as Paul Kersey, alongside Hope Lange, Vincent Gardenia, William Redfield, Kathleen Tolan and Christopher Guest. In the film, Paul Kersey, an architect leading a peaceful life, resorts to vigilantism after his wife Joanna is murdered and daughter Carol Kersey Toby is raped during a home invasion.

At the time of release, Death Wish was criticized for its apparent support of vigilantism and advocating unlimited punishment of criminals. The novel allegedly denounced vigilantism, whereas the film embraced the notion. The film was a commercial success and resonated with the public in the United States, which was experiencing increasing crime rates during the 1970s.
Outline of relationships
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to interpersonal relationships.

Interpersonal relationship – association between two or more people; this association may be based on limerence, love, solidarity, regular business interactions, or some other type of social commitment. Interpersonal relationships are formed in the context of social, cultural, and other influences.

Kiss
A kiss is the touching or pressing of one's lips against another person, animal, or object.  The cultural connotations associated with kissing vary significantly between different societies and contexts. Depending on the culture and circumstances, a kiss can express a wide range of emotions, such as love, passion, romance, sexual attraction, sexual arousal, affection, respect, a wish for peace or good luck, as well as numerous other meanings. In some situations, kissing takes on the function of a greeting or a ritual, formal, or symbolic gesture indicating religious devotion, institutional respect, or an act of sacramental nature.

The word comes from Old English cyssan ('to kiss'), in turn from coss ('a kiss').
2019 Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC season
The 2019 Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC season was the club's twentieth season of existence, their second consecutive season in the second tier of American soccer, and their ninth season in the league now named the USL Championship. The season covers the period from October 21, 2018 to the beginning of the 2020 USL Championship season. Bob Lilley returns for his second season as Riverhounds manager.

Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC
Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC is an American professional soccer team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1998 and beginning play in 1999, the club plays in the Eastern Conference of the USL Championship, the second tier of the American soccer pyramid. Since 2013, the Riverhounds have played their home games at the 5,000-seat Highmark Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium located in Station Square. Their current head coach is Rob Vincent. Saint Lucian international David Flavius currently holds the club records for most appearances and goals which he set over his eight seasons with the Riverhounds between 1999 and 2006.

The Riverhounds have an affiliated women's soccer team, Pittsburgh Riveters SC, that plays in the USL W League.
Anatoly Yarkin
Anatoly Nikolayevich Yarkin (Russian: Анатолий Николаевич Яркин; born 11 November 1958) is a retired Soviet cyclist. He was part of the Soviet team that won the time trial event at the 1980 Summer Olympics. Individually, he finished in sixth place in the road race, helping Sergei Sukhoruchenkov and Yuri Barinov to win the race. Next year, he won a silver medal in the team time trial at the 1981 UCI Road World Championships.

He retired from the Soviet team in 1984, but a few years later competed for a club in Chile. After that he worked as a cycling coach in Samara and later as a popularizer of mountain biking in Tolyatti.

Yuri Barinov
Yuri Viktorovich Barinov (Russian: Юрий Викторович Баринов; born 31 May 1955) is a former cyclist from the Soviet Union. He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Soviet Union in the road race, individual event where he finished in third place.

He won the Peace Race in 1980 and the Tour de Luxembourg in 1981. He also competed in the 1985 Vuelta a España, finishing in 72nd position.
Andrea Benelli
Andrea Benelli (born 28 June 1960) is a retired Italian skeet shooter. He competed at the 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 and 2008 Olympics, and won a gold medal in 2004 and a bronze in 1996. In 2004, he and Marko Kemppainen finished with 149 hits out of 150, but Kemppainen missed first in the shoot-off. Benelli also won the individual world title in 1987 and 1990, placing second in 1986, and third in 1999. In 1996 he set two world records at 125/125 and 150/150.

Benelli owns and runs a Tourist Villa named Agriturismo Petrognano, located in Saint Ellero, Florence. It is a restored 18th-century farmhouse with a practice range behind it. His father Luciano was also a competitive shooter, who won the national title in 1977.

Marko Kemppainen
Marko Kemppainen (born 13 July 1976 in Kajaani) is a Finnish sports shooter. He competes in skeet shooting. He was a silver medallist at the 2004 Summer Olympics

Kemppainen won a bronze medal at the 2001 World Championship in Cairo. He represented Finland at the 2004 Summer Olympics. By winning the silver medal in men's skeet event he took the first medal for Finland in the Athens Olympics.
Joe Tascona
Joseph N. Tascona (born October 9, 1951) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario representing the ridings of Barrie—Simcoe—Bradford and Simcoe Centre from 1995 to 2007. He also served as an alderman for Barrie City Council from 1991 to 1995. In 2010 he ran for mayor of Barrie but lost to Jeff Lehman.

Barrie City Council
Barrie City Council is the governing body for the City of Barrie, in Ontario, Canada.

The council consists of the Mayor of Barrie and ten councillors, who represent the ten wards of the city. The council posts agendas for council meetings.

There are four city departments: the Chief Administrators Office, the Community Operations Division, the Corporate Services Division, and the Infrastructure, Development & Culture Division.
20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Wang Chung
20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Wang Chung is the second of two compilation albums by the English new wave band Wang Chung. Released in the fall of 2002, this compilation album contains all eight of the band's charted singles from 1984 through 1989. The album also includes "Wait" from Points on the Curve (1983), "What's So Bad About Feeling Good?" from The Warmer Side of Cool (1989), and "Space Junk (Wang Chung '97)" from the previous compilation. "What's So Bad About Feeling Good?" is the only song from the 1982–1989 period to not appear on any chart in the US or the UK, and still make the cut for a Wang Chung compilation album.

Everybody Wang Chung Tonight: Wang Chung's Greatest Hits
Everybody Wang Chung Tonight: Wang Chung's Greatest Hits is a compilation album of songs by English new wave band Wang Chung, released in 1997 by Geffen Records. It contains all eight of the band's charted singles from 1984 through 1989. The album also includes three unreleased songs: "Fun Tonight: The Early Years" is a balladic demo of Wang Chung's most popular hit, "Everybody Have Fun Tonight"; "Space Junk (Wang Chung '97)" is a hip-hop-infused track made exclusively for this compilation; and "Dance Hall Days (Flashing Back to Happiness 7-inch Mix)" is a house/techno version of Wang Chung's first hit.
First Pilgrimage
The First Pilgrimage or Umrah of Dhu'l-Qada (Pilgrimage of the 11th month) was the first pilgrimage that the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the Muslims made after the Migration to Medina. It took place on the morning of the fourth day of Dhu al-Qi'dah 7 AH (629 CE), after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah 6 AH (628 CE). The entire event was three days long.

A pilgrimage that occurs during the month of Dhu al-Hijjah is named a "major pilgrimage", or just "pilgrimage" (Arabic: حَـجّ, Ḥajj), while pilgrimages of all other months are called "minor pilgrimage" (Arabic: عُـمْـرَة, ‘Umrah).

Umrah
The Umrah (Arabic: عُمْرَة, lit. 'to visit a populated place') is an Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the holiest city for Muslims, located in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia. It can be undertaken at any time of the year, in contrast to the Ḥajj  (/hædʒ/; "pilgrimage"), which has specific dates according to the Islamic lunar calendar. However, during the Hajj season (Dhu al-Hijjah), only those who are performing Hajj are permitted to perform Umrah, as per regulations set by the Saudi government to manage crowd control and ensure safety.
Jacques-François Amand
Jacques-François Amand (1730–1769) was a French painter of historical subjects.

Amand was born at Gault, in the Orléanais, near Blois, in 1730. He studied under Pierre L'Enfant. In 1755 he was awarded the Prix de Rome for his Samson and Delilah; he afterwards exhibited at the Salon numerous subjects from ancient history and mythology. He also engraved several of his own compositions. He died at Paris, in 1769.

Pierre L'Enfant (painter)
Pierre L'Enfant (August 26, 1704 – June 23, 1787) was an 18th-century French artist who was known for his battle scene paintings in the court of Louis XV. He was also an instructor at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture and the father of  Pierre Charles, who designed the urban plan for Washington, D.C.