hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rafah Camp
Rafah Camp (Arabic: مخيم رفح or معسكر رفح) is one of eight Palestinian refugee camps in the Gaza Strip. It is located in the Rafah Governorate along the Gaza–Egypt border. It was established in 1949 and currently forms part of the city of Rafah. During the period of its establishment, it was the largest refugee camp in the Gaza Strip; however its population has decreased due to migration to the Tall as-Sultan camp, an extension of Rafah camp, which was set up to absorb refugees repatriated from Canada Camp.

According to the UNRWA, the camp has a population of 99,000 inhabitants, This figure includes (in contrast to PCBS census data) Tall as-Sultan. The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics 2017 census listed 36,550 residents in the camp. The camp is the second largest refugee camp in Palestine. There are 31 schools (20 primary, 11 secondary) run by the UNRWA.

Palestinian refugee camps
Palestinian refugee camps were first established to accommodate Palestinians who were displaced by the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight during the 1948 Palestine war. Camps were established by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. A subsequent wave of Palestinian refugees were created in the Naksa after the Six-Day War in 1967.

There are 68 Palestinian refugee camps in total, 58 official and 10 unofficial, ten of which were established after the Six-Day War while the others were established in 1948 to 1950s.

Only a third of registered Palestinian refugees live within the boundaries of the refugee camps. Most have integrated socially and economically outside the camps. Many live in adjacent geographic areas.

The number of registered Palestine refugees grew from 750,000 in 1950 to around 5 million in 2013.
William Pidgeon
William Edwin Pidgeon, known as Bill Pidgeon and 'Wep', (7 January 1909 – 16 February 1981) was an Australian artist, known as an illustrator, cartoonist and caricaturist, as well as a painter who won the Archibald Prize three times.  He was most active as a black-and-white artist in Sydney from the mid-1920s, working as a cartoonist and illustrator for a variety of newspapers.  In 1933 Pidgeon was involved in the establishment of The Australian Women's Weekly and was closely involved with the magazine until the late 1940s, his work including the creation of the long-standing comic strip 'In and Out of Society' and producing seventy cover illustrations for the magazine.  During World War II he worked as a war correspondent for the parent company, Consolidated Press Ltd.  From the 1950s Pigeon focussed on painting and was widely recognised for his skills as a portrait painter.

War correspondent
A war correspondent is a journalist who covers stories first-hand from a war zone.

War correspondence stands as one of journalism's most important and impactful forms. War correspondents operate in the most conflict-ridden parts of the world. Once there, they attempt to get close enough to the action to provide written accounts, photos, or film footage. It is often considered the most dangerous form of journalism.

Modern war correspondence emerged from the news reporting of military conflicts during the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. Its presence grew in the middle of the nineteenth century, with American journalists covering the Mexican-American War (1846–1848) and the European newspapermen writing reports from the Crimean War (1853–1856).
Rajesh Tope
Rajesh Ankushrao Tope is an Indian politician and member of the Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar).He was Member of Legislative assembly till November 2024. Rajesh Tope won the Ghansawangi (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in 2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election. He won the 2009 Assembly Election from the same constituency.2019 to 2024 was his third term as a member from Ghansawangi constituency, while before that he was 2 Time MLA from Ambad constituency, Maharashtra Legislative Assembly MLA. He served as the Health Minister of Maharashtra in the Uddhav Thackeray ministry. He also worked as a guardian minister of Jalna in his political career.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Liam Adams (runner)
Liam Adams (born 4 September 1986) is an Australian runner. He competed in the Summer Olympics in 2016 in Rio de Janeiro and qualified for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Adams came 24th in the Men's marathon in a time of 2:15.51, 7 minutes behind the winner, Eliud Kipchoge of Kenya. 
At the 2023 Gold Coast Marathon Adams ran the fastest marathon time run by an Australian in Australia at 2:08:39, coming in third place overall, this was also a new PB.
In Paris at the 2024 Summer Olympics Liam finished 49th 2:13:33 in the Marathon.

Gold Coast Marathon
The Gold Coast Marathon is an annual road marathon on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, first held in 1979.  Marketed as "Australia's premier road race", the marathon is one of two races in Australia to hold World Athletics Label status, the other being Sydney Marathon.  The marathon is held on the first Sunday of July each year, with other races held the day before.

The men's course record of 2:07:40 was achieved by Naoki Koyama in 2023. Lindsay Flanagan is the women's course record holder with her run of 2:24:43 in 2022.
Biorhexistasy
The theory of biorhexistasy describes climatic conditions necessary for periods of soil formation (pedogenesis) separated by periods of soil erosion. Proposed by pedologist Henry Erhart in 1951, the theory defines two climatic phases: biostasy and rhexistasy.

Soil formation
Soil formation, also known as pedogenesis, is the process of soil genesis as regulated by the effects of place, environment, and history. Biogeochemical processes act to both create and destroy order (anisotropy) within soils. These alterations lead to the development of layers, termed soil horizons, distinguished by differences in color, structure, texture, and chemistry. These features occur in patterns of soil type distribution, forming in response to differences in soil forming factors.

Pedogenesis is studied as a branch of pedology, the study of soil in its natural environment. Other branches of pedology are the study of soil morphology and soil classification. The study of pedogenesis is important to understanding soil distribution patterns in current (soil geography) and past (paleopedology) geologic periods.
Gigantium
The Gigantium (also called Sparekassen Danmark Arena for sponsoring reasons), in Aalborg, Denmark, is a large, rentable faire building, which hosts a large variety of concerts, markets and exhibitions, among other things.

It has a capacity of 5,500 people. For concerts, the capacity is 8,500 people. In addition, there is an ice rink/arena for training purposes, a swimming pool and an athletics hall within the sports complex. The main arena building was severely damaged by a fire on 5 July 2017.

Aalborg Pirates
The Aalborg Pirates are a professional ice hockey team (previously known as Aalborg Ishockey and AaB Ice Hockey) playing in the Danish ice hockey league, Metal Ligaen. The ice hockey team first appeared in 1967 as AaB Ice Hockey organized under Aalborg Boldspilklub. They play in the Danish national league and won the Danish league championship in 1981.

In 1997 AaB Ishockey merged with a smaller club, IK Aalborg. The merged team was known as Aalborg Ishockey Klub (AIK) in the period 1997–2003, but following financial instability in the club, the professional license was transferred to Aalborg Boldspilklub ('AaB’). The team is located in Aalborg in the northern part of Jutland and ceased operations at the end of the 2011/12 season, where it was put up for sale. In 2012 the team was bought by investors with the majority of the shares owned by entrepreneur and investor Magnus Kjøller. The team was replaced by a whole new team and organisation launched a "Masterplan 2018”
Congress of Russian Americans
The Congress of Russian Americans is a non-governmental organization in the United States representing Russian-Americans and Russians. The CRA's stated purposes include preserving Russian culture in the United States, protecting the rights of Russian-Americans, fighting Russophobia, and improving relations between Russians and Americans.

Culture of Russia
Russian culture (Russian: Культура России, romanized: Kul'tura Rossii, IPA: [kʊlʲˈturə rɐˈsʲiɪ]) has been formed by the nation's history, its geographical location and its vast expanse, religious and social traditions, and both Eastern and Western influence. Cultural scientists believe that the influence of the East was fairly insignificant, since the Mongols did not coexist with the Russians during conquest, and the indigenous peoples were subjected to reverse cultural assimilation. Unlike the Scandinavian and more western neighbors, which have become the main reason for the formation of modern culture among Russians. Russian writers and philosophers have played an important role in the development of European thought. The Russians have also greatly influenced classical music, ballet, theatre, painting, cinema and sport, The nation has also made pioneering contributions to science and technology and space exploration.
Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea
The Permanent Representative of the President of Ukraine in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian: Постійний Представник Президента України в АР Крим, romanized: Postiinyi Predstavnyk Prezydenta Ukrainy v AR Krym) represents the President of Ukraine in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Originally created in 1992 as the Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea, the first representative was not appointed until March 1994. The first representative was Valeriy Horbatov, who worked as a head of the Krupskaya collective farm in Nyzhnohirskyi Raion, Crimean Oblast.

Valeriy Horbatov
Valeriy Myronovych Horbatov (Ukrainian: Валерій Миронович Горбатов; born 27 June 1955) is a Ukrainian politician and scientist.

In 2000 and 2001 Horbatov was Prime Minister of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine Horbatov fled Kyiv and is believed (by non-governmental organisation Chesno) to have fled to the Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine.

In April 2022 the National Police of Ukraine opened an investigation into Horbatov on charges of "financing of the terrorist organisation Donetsk People's Republic. It was established that after the occupation of part of Ukraine by Russia, Horbatov continued to carry out his business activities there and paid taxes to Russia. Also was discover that he had stolen from Crimean museums and bought from "black archaeologists" valuable archaeological finds. Those seized during the investigation were exhibited in the National Museum of the History of Ukraine in August 2023.
Busu ni Naranai Tetsugaku
"Busu ni Naranai Tetsugaku" (ブスにならない哲学, "The Philosophy of How Not to Become Ugly") is a 2011 song by Hello! Project Mobekimasu. The song is a collaboration between Hello! Project acts Morning Musume, Berryz Kobo, Cute, Erina Mano, and Smileage. The single was released on November 16, 2011 on the label Zetima.

Angerme
Angerme (アンジュルム, Anjurumu), formerly Smileage (スマイレージ, Sumairēji; stylized as S/mileage, from 2009–2015), is a Japanese idol girl group from the musical collective Hello! Project, which originally consisted of four former Hello! Pro Egg (Hello! Project trainees) members that left Egg in 2010 and became full-time members of Hello! Project. In 2010, they won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist. In 2011, five new girls were added to the group as part of the second generation, with two being former Egg members and three new girls. In 2014, three new members joined the group as third generation members.

Since the formation of Angerme, there have been twelve generations and seventeen departures. As of August 16, 2025, the total number of members of the group stands at nine members.
Giridhari Yadav
Giridhari Yadav (born 14 April 1961) is an Indian politician, Member of Parliament (Loksabha) and member of Janata Dal (United) political party. He represents Banka Lok Sabha Constituency, Bihar.

Yadav has been elected four times into the Lok sabha and four times in Bihar Legislative Assembly. He was elected to Bihar Legislative Assembly and 11th lok Sabha with Janata Dal, while he was in RJD he was elected to Bihar Vidhan Sabha and 14th Lok sabha. Yadav joined JD(U) in 2010 and has been elected twice to Bihar Vidhan Sabha with JDU(U) and 17th Lok Sabha.

In 2024 Indian General Election, he won for a fourth time as an MP (Loksabha) with JD(U) from the Banka.

Rashtriya Janata Dal
The Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD, lit. 'National People's Party') is an Indian political party, mainly based in the state of Bihar. The party was founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav.

The party's support base has traditionally been Other Backward Classes, Dalits and Muslims and it is considered a political champion of the lower castes. In 2008, RJD received the status of recognized national level party following its performance in north-eastern states. RJD was derecognised as a national party on 30 July 2010. Leading the Mahagathbandhan alliance with 35 MLAs, it is currently the official opposition in Bihar. RJD is part of Ruling Government in Jharkhand and Kerala with its allies in Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand) and LDF respectively.
Yeray Álvarez
Yeray Álvarez López (Spanish pronunciation: [ɟʝeˈɾaj ˈalβaɾeθ]; born 24 January 1995), known simply as Yeray, is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for La Liga club Athletic Bilbao.

In a career interrupted by treatment for testicular cancer and other injuries, he has made 257 competitive appearances for Athletic Bilbao since making his debut for the first team in 2016, winning the 2023–24 Copa del Rey and the 2021 Supercopa de España. In September 2025, he was suspended from activity due to an unintentional doping violation.

Yeray represented Spain at under-21 level.

2021 Supercopa de España
The 2021 Supercopa de España was the 37th edition of the Supercopa de España, an annual football competition for clubs in the Spanish football league system that were successful in its major competitions in the preceding season.

It was the second straight edition played under the new format with four teams. They included 2019–20 Copa del Rey winners Real Sociedad, 2019–20 La Liga winners Real Madrid, 2019–20 Copa del Rey runners-up Athletic Bilbao and 2019–20 La Liga runners-up Barcelona. The competition was initially supposed to be held in Saudi Arabia like the previous year, but restrictions related to the global COVID-19 pandemic forced it to remain in Spain. The semi-finals took place in the Andalusian cities of Córdoba and Málaga, on 13 and 14 January 2021. The final was played at Estadio de La Cartuja in Seville on 17 January 2021.

Athletic Bilbao won the tournament for their third Supercopa de España title.
Cora boleslia
Cora boleslia is a rare species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Robert Lücking, Eduardo Morales, and Manuela Dal Forno. The specific epithet boleslia refers to the type locality in Bolivia as well as the second name of the mycologist David Leslie Hawksworth. The lichen is known to occur only in mountainous rainforests of the central Andes, where it grows on twigs in partial shade.

Basidiolichen
Basidiolichens are lichenized members of the division Basidiomycota within the subkingdom Dikarya of the kingdom Fungi. They form a diverse yet much smaller group of lichens than the far more common ascolichens of the division Ascomycota. Owing to how few described species there are, basidiolichens are generally considered to be poorly researched, and few studies that characterize their natural products exist. Biogeographically, basidiolichen species may be distributed in a cosmopolitan manner or more regionally, ranging from arctic and montane habitats to more temperate and tropical environments. Morphologically, basidiocarp (fruiting body) and thallus (vegetative tissue) structures may vary widely within and between basidiolichen genera.
London cable car
The London cable car, also known as the Dangleway and officially as the IFS Cloud Cable Car for sponsorship reasons, is a cable car link across the River Thames in London, England. The line was built by Doppelmayr and the total cost was around £60 million. The service opened on 28 June 2012. It is owned by Transport for London (TfL) and currently operated by FirstGroup.  Since 20 October 2022, it has been sponsored by the technology firm IFS; prior to this, from its opening the line was sponsored by the airline Emirates, and known as the Emirates Air Line until 28 June 2022.

The service comprises a 0.62-mile (1.00 km) gondola line that crosses the Thames from the Greenwich Peninsula to the Royal Victoria Dock, to the west of ExCeL London. In addition to transport across the river, the service advertises "a unique view of London". On 28 June 2024, FirstGroup took over the operations of the cable car line.

Doppelmayr/Garaventa Group
Doppelmayr/Garaventa Group is an international manufacturer of ropeways and people movers for ski areas, urban transport, amusement parks, and material handling systems. As of 2023, the group had produced over 15,400 installations in 96 countries. Their annual revenue in 2022/2023 was 946 million euros. The Doppelmayr/Garaventa Group was formed in 2002 when Doppelmayr of Wolfurt, Austria merged with Garaventa AG of Switzerland to form the world's largest ropeway manufacturer.
Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act
The Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment (HIRE) Act of 2010 (Pub. L. 111–147 (text) (PDF), 124 Stat. 71, enacted March 18, 2010, H.R. 2847) is a law in the 111th United States Congress to provide payroll tax breaks and incentives for businesses to hire unemployed workers. Often characterized as a "jobs bill", certain Democrats in Congress state that it is only one piece of a broader job creation legislative agenda, along with the Travel Promotion Act and other bills.

Payroll tax
Payroll taxes are taxes imposed on employers or employees. They are usually calculated as a percentage of the salaries that employers pay their employees. By law, some payroll taxes are the responsibility of the employee and others fall on the employer, but almost all economists agree that the true economic incidence of a payroll tax is unaffected by this distinction, and falls largely or entirely on workers in the form of lower wages. Because payroll taxes fall exclusively on wages and not on returns to financial or physical investments, payroll taxes may contribute to underinvestment in human capital, such as higher education.
Chinese Taipei men's national basketball team
The Chinese Taipei men's national basketball team (Chinese: 中華台北國家男子籃球隊) represents Taiwan (The Republic of China) in international basketball, and is controlled by the Chinese Taipei Basketball Association. The team was known as Formosa prior to the implementation of the Nagoya Resolution in 1981.

Led by team leader, Yi Kuo-juei (Chinese: 易國瑞), Chinese Taipei's fourth-place finish at the 1959 FIBA World Championship is the second-best finish at the FIBA World Cup for an Asian team, only behind the Philippines' third-place finish at the 1954 edition.

1959 FIBA World Championship
The 1959 FIBA World Championship was the 3rd FIBA World Championship—the international basketball world championship for men's national teams. It was hosted by Chile from 16 to 31 January 1959. Amaury Antônio Pasos was named the MVP.

The hosting cities for the competition were Antofagasta, Concepción, Temuco, Valparaíso, with the final stages held at the capital of Santiago.

The final games were supposed to be conducted at the newly constructed Metropolitan Indoor Stadium, but because the venue was not finished in time, competition was postponed by a year from the original date. Organizers moved outdoors to the Estadio Nacional de Chile, where the events were watched at by a crowd of at least 16,000.
Om 3D
Om 3D is a 2013 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film written and directed by debutant Sunil Reddy. The film stars Nandamuri Kalyan Ram, Karthik and Sampath Raj in the lead roles, alongside Kriti Kharbanda and Nikesha Patel. The soundtrack was composed by Achu Rajamani and Sai Karthik.

The film is touted to be the first Indian action film in 3D and had been shot in 5K resolution. Hollywood technicians such as David Taylor, who worked for Avatar and Final Destination 5, and Ian Markus, known for The Amazing Spider-Man, have also worked for this film. The shooting was completed in 110 days, but the post production took another year.

Om 3D was theatrically released in 2D and 3D formats on 19 July 2013 and received mixed reviews from critics and became a box-office bomb.

Achu Rajamani
Arun R often credited as Achu Rajamani, is an Indian film score and soundtrack composer and singer. He has scored music for several Malayalam, Telugu and Tamil films. He made his music direction debut in the Telugu film Nenu Meeku Telusa? in 2008.
Johnny Saint
John Miller (born 29 June 1941), better known by his ring name Johnny Saint, is an English retired professional wrestler. Renowned for his technical wrestling ability, he gained prominence in the British wrestling scene during the mid-to-late 20th century, particularly through his appearances on World of Sport.

Over the course of his career, Saint held the World Lightweight Championship a record ten times, along with multiple reigns as British and European Lightweight Champion. He competed internationally, including later appearances in the United States and Japan. Following his in-ring retirement, he worked as a trainer and served as the general manager of WWE’s now-defunct NXT UK brand from 2018 until its closure in 2022. In 2024, he was inducted into the Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame.

British Lightweight Championship
The British Lightweight Championship is a top  British wrestling championship found throughout the country's circuit. The title's broken history dates back to the 1930s and it has most recently been claimed actively since 2021 under the auspices of Rumble Promotions who have named their version in honour of late referee Mal Mason. The official upper weight limit for the belt is 11 stone (154 pounds).

The championship was recognised and defended on matches screened by UK national television network ITV as part of the professional wrestling slot on World of Sport as well as standalone broadcasts.  Pre-publicity for these championship match broadcasts was given in ITV's nationally published listings magazine TVTimes.

This is a history of the title from its earliest recorded origins in 1933. As indicated in the table a few claimed reigns are of dubious provenance and, whilst these have been noted, they are not included as official reigns.