hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NOSA-ITACA
NOSA-ITACA is a free software package for the nonlinear structural analysis of historical masonry constructions. It is developed and maintained by the Mechanics of Materials and Structures Laboratory (MMS Lab) of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies "A. Faedo" of the National Research Council of Italy (ISTI-CNR).

National Research Council (Italy)
The National Research Council (Italian: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR) is the largest research council in Italy. As a public organisation, its remit is to support scientific and technological research. Its headquarters are in Rome.
Hannah (1811 ship)
Hannah was launched at Bombay Dockyard in 1811. Shortly after she was launched, she sailed to England on a voyage for the British East India Company (EIC), where her owners sold her to British owners. She engaged in a single-ship action in 1814 in which she repelled an American privateer. She participated as a transport in a punitive expedition in 1819-1820 to Ras al-Khaimah in the Persian Gulf. She was last listed in 1833.

Ras Al Khaimah
Ras Al Khaimah (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخَيْمَة; /raʔs͜ ɪlˈxajma/, Emirati Arabic : [räːs͜ ɪlχe̞ːmɛ] ), often referred to its initials RAK, is an industrial port city and the largest city and capital of the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah in the U.A.E. The city had a population of 191,753 people in 2025, and is the sixth-most populous city in UAE after Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain and Ajman. The city is divided by a creek into two parts: old town in the west and Al Nakheel in the east. The town is the successor to the Islamic era port and trading hub of Julfar.
South Africa–United States relations
The South Africa and United States currently maintain strong bilateral relations with one another. The United States and South Africa have been economically linked to one another since the late 18th century which has continued into the 21st century. United States and South Africa relations faced periods of strain throughout the 20th century due to the segregationist, white minority rule in South Africa, from 1948 to 1994. Following the end of apartheid in South Africa, the United States and South Africa have developed a strategically, politically, and economically beneficial relationship with one another and currently enjoy "cordial relations" despite "occasional strains". South Africa remains the United States' largest trading partner in Africa as of 2019.

Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act
The Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986 was a law enacted by the United States Congress.  The law imposed sanctions against South Africa and stated five preconditions for lifting the sanctions that would essentially end the system of apartheid, which the latter was under at the time. Most of the sanctions were repealed in July 1991, after South Africa took steps towards meeting the preconditions of the act, with the final vestiges of the act being repealed in November 1993.
2015 Nigerian Senate elections in Benue State
The 2015 Nigerian Senate election in Benue State was held on March 28, 2015, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Benue State. Barnabas Andyar Gemade representing Benue North East and George Akume representing Benue North West won on the platform of All Progressives Congress, while David Mark representing Benue South won on the platform of Peoples Democratic Party.

David Mark
David Alechenu Bonaventure Mark GCON (listenⓘ; born 8 April 1948) is a retired Nigerian army brigadier general and politician. He served as the 12th president of the Nigerian Senate from 2007 to 2015 and was the Senator for Benue South senatorial district from 1999 to 2019. He is the interim National Chairman of the African Democratic Congress (ADC) which he joined after his resignation from the PDP in 2025. Prior to his senatorial career, Mark was the military Governor of Niger State from 1984 to 1986, and is a one-time minister of communication. He is the longest serving president of the Nigerian Senate.
Spiked (film)
Spiked is a 2021 American drama film written and directed by Juan Martinez Vera and starring Aidan Quinn. It is inspired by events in the life of Arizona-based newspaper publisher Joseph Soldwedel, who serves as an executive producer.

Aidan Quinn
Aidan Quinn (born March 8, 1959) is an American actor. He made his film debut in Reckless (1984), and has starred in over 80 feature films, including Desperately Seeking Susan (1985), The Mission (1986), Stakeout (1987), All My Sons (1987), Avalon (1990), The Handmaid's Tale (1990), Benny & Joon (1993), Legends of the Fall (1994), Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1994), Michael Collins (1996), Practical Magic (1998), Song for a Raggy Boy (2003), Wild Child (2008) and Unknown (2011). He also played Captain Thomas "Tommy" Gregson on the CBS television series Elementary (2012–19).

Quinn has received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performances in the television films An Early Frost (1985) and Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (2007). Highly active in Irish cinema as well as in the United States, Quinn is a four-time Irish Film and Television (IFTA) Award nominee, winning Best Supporting Actor in a Film for the Conor McPherson film The Eclipse (2009).
Austrocidaria gobiata
Austrocidaria gobiata, also known as the barred Coprosma carpet or the pale oblique-barred moth, is a species of moth of the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. It inhabits native forest, particular areas where its larval host plant, Coprosma areolata, is common. The larvae of this species feed at night and are well camouflaged as a result of their external morphology during the day when they rest. A. gobiata pupate in the leaf litter or amongst the leaves of their host plant. Adults are on the wing all year but are commonly observed from October to April. Adults are nocturnal and are attracted to light. The larvae of this species play host to the fly Pales aurea.

Coprosma areolata
Coprosma areolata, commonly known as thin-leaved coprosma, is a species of shrub that is native to New Zealand. C. areolata grows in wet, lowland forest and can also grow in exposed places. Coprosma is from the Greek kopros 'dung' and osme 'smell', referring to the foul smell of the species, literally 'dung smell'. And areolata is netted, with a network pattern between the veins.
2017 Ottawa—Vanier federal by-election
A by-election was held in the federal riding of Ottawa—Vanier in Ontario, Canada on 3 April 2017 following the death of Mauril Bélanger on August 16, 2016. The safe seat was held by the Liberal candidate Mona Fortier on a reduced majority.

The by-election was scheduled to coincide with four others across the country; Calgary Heritage, Calgary Midnapore, Markham—Thornhill and Saint-Laurent.

2017 Calgary Heritage federal by-election
A by-election was held in the federal riding of Calgary Heritage in Alberta, Canada on 3 April 2017 following the resignation of Conservative MP and former Prime Minister of Canada Stephen Harper. The safe seat was held by the Conservative candidate Bob Benzen on an increased majority.

The by-election was scheduled to coincide with four others across the country, and was one of two to be held in the city of Calgary; Calgary Midnapore.
Castle Folds
Castle Folds or Castlesteads was a Romano-British walled settlement on Great Asby Scar – an area of limestone pavement in the parish of Asby, Cumbria, England. In medieval times, it was used as a shieling – a temporary summer shelter. It is now in ruins but is protected as a scheduled monument.

Limestone pavement
A limestone pavement is a natural karst landform consisting of a flat, incised surface of exposed limestone that resembles an artificial pavement. The term is mainly used in the UK and Ireland, where many of these landforms have developed distinctive surface patterning resembling paving blocks. Similar landforms in other parts of the world are known as alvars.
Twan Huys
Twan Huys (born 24 March 1964) is a Dutch journalist, television presenter and author. He is the presenter of the Dutch TV shows Nieuwsuur and College Tour. Previously, he worked as a correspondent and presenter for NOVA. The format of College Tour was conceived by Huys while working as a U.S. correspondent in New York City and Washington, D.C. from 1999 until 2007.

Nieuwsuur
Nieuwsuur (News Hour) is a Dutch current affairs television programme produced for the NPO, produced by the public broadcasters NOS and NTR. It is broadcast daily between 9:30 pm and 10:15 pm (9:30-10 pm at weekends) on NPO 2. The programme pays particular attention to Dutch and European politics and current affairs, as well as other international events.
Momilactone B
Momilactone B is an allelopathic agent produced from the roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (100 mg from 200 kg dry rice husk).  It has been shown to be produced in high concentrations by the roots of rice seedlings. The production of momilactone B has also been induced in response to infection by blast fungus (Pyricularia oryzae) or irradiated with UV light. More recently it has been shown to be a potential chemotherapeutic agent against human colon cancer.

Phytoalexin
Phytoalexins are antimicrobial substances, some of which are antioxidative as well. They are defined not by their having any particular chemical structure or character, but by the fact that they are defensively synthesized de novo by plants that produce the compounds rapidly at sites of pathogen infection. In general phytoalexins are broad spectrum inhibitors; they are chemically diverse, and different chemical classes of compounds are characteristic of particular plant taxa. Phytoalexins tend to fall into several chemical classes, including terpenoids, glycosteroids, and alkaloids; however, the term applies to any phytochemicals that are induced by microbial infection.
Panneer Pushpangal
Panneer Pushpangal (transl. Fragrant Flowers) is a 1981 Indian Tamil-language teen romance film jointly directed by Santhana Bharathi and P. Vasu in their directorial debut. The film stars Pratap, Vennira Aadai Moorthy and newcomers Suresh Kumar and Shanthi Krishna. It was released on 3 July 1981. It was dubbed into Telugu as Madhura Geetham and Malayalam as Panineer Pushpangal (പനിനീർ പുഷ്പങ്ങൾ) released on 20 March 1982. Remade into Kannada "Hadihareyada Kanasugalu (ಹದಿಹರೆಯದ ಕನಸುಗಳು)".

Shanthi Krishna
Shanthi Krishna is an Indian actress known for her leading roles in Malayalam and Tamil films. As a star in the 1980s and 1990s, she won many accolades including the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress for her performance as Sharadammini in Chakoram (1994), and the Kerala State Television Award for Best Actress three times in a row also Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress – Malayalam for her performance in Njandukalude Nattil Oridavela, her comeback film.
Audubon Nature Institute
The Audubon Nature Institute (American English: /ˈɑːdubən/) is a family of museums and parks dedicated to nature based in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The facilities include the Audubon Zoo, Audubon Aquarium, Audubon Louisiana Nature Center, Audubon Park, Woldenberg Riverfront Park, Freeport-McMoRan Audubon Species Survival Center, Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species (ACRES), Audubon Wilderness Park, and Audubon Coastal Wildlife Network (CWN). Collectively, prior to COVID, there were 2 million annual visitors.

Audubon Park (New Orleans)
Audubon Park (historically French: Plantation de Boré) is a municipal park located in the Uptown neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the United States. It is approximately 350 acres. The park is approximately six miles to the west of the city center of New Orleans and sits on land that was purchased by the city in 1871. It is bordered on one side by the Mississippi River and on the other by St. Charles Avenue, directly across from Loyola University and Tulane University. The park is named in honor of artist and naturalist John James Audubon, who began living in New Orleans in 1821.
East Pyramids
The East Pyramids comprise a group of three steep, rocky unpopulated islets located close to the south-western coast of Tasmania, Australia. Situated some 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of where the mouth of Port Davey meets the Southern Ocean, the 6.69-hectare (16.5-acre) islets are one of the eight islands that comprise the Mutton Bird Islands Group. The East Pyramids are part of the Southwest National Park and the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Site.

Port Davey
Port Davey is an oceanic inlet located in the south west region of Tasmania, Australia.

Port Davey was named by explorer James Kelly in honour of Thomas Davey, a former Governor of Tasmania. Port Davey is contained within the Port Davey/Bathurst Harbour Marine Nature Reserve, the Melaleuca to Birchs Inlet Important Bird Area and the Southwest National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. The Toogee name of the port is Poynduc.

With the support of the then Premier of Tasmania, Robert Cosgrove (in office from 1939), Australian journalist Critchley Parker proposed a Jewish settlement at Port Davey in 1941.
Nafrathu
Nafrathu is a 1994 Maldivian drama film directed by Abdulla Shujau. Produced by Hussain Rasheed under Farivaa Films, the film stars Aishath Shiranee, Nafiu Ali, Nooma Ibrahim, Ali Shameel and Arifa Ibrahim in pivotal roles.

Aishath Shiranee
Aishath Shiranee (born 16 January 1975) is a Maldivian former film actress. Shiranee is the recipient of several awards, including one Gaumee Film Award and three Aafathis Awards. In 2001, the Government of Maldives honoured her with the National Award of Recognition.
Tell the Truth (Derek and the Dominos song)
"Tell the Truth" is a song by the English–American band Derek and the Dominos, released in 1970 as the eighth track on their album Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs. The song was composed primarily by keyboardist Bobby Whitlock, with guitarist Eric Clapton adding the last verse. The band recorded the track at Criteria Studios in Miami, Florida in August 1970, with Tom Dowd as their producer.

An earlier version of "Tell the Truth" was recorded in London during the sessions for George Harrison's 1970 triple album All Things Must Pass. The session marked the first recordings by Derek and the Dominos. Produced by Phil Spector, this original, faster version of the song featured guitar contributions from Harrison and Dave Mason. It was issued as Derek and the Dominos' debut single, in September 1970, although the band had the release withdrawn.

Tom Dowd
Thomas John Dowd (October 20, 1925 – October 27, 2002) was an American recording engineer and producer for Atlantic Records. He was credited with innovating the multitrack recording method. Dowd worked on a veritable "who's who" of recordings that encompassed blues, jazz, pop, rock, and soul records.
Gonzalo Mastriani
Gonzalo Mathías Mastriani Borges (born 28 April 1993) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a forward for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Botafogo, on loan from Athletico Paranaense.

After beginning his career at Cerro, Mastriani moved to Italy with Parma, but served several loan stints and left the club without debuting. He then played in Uruguay and Mexico before scoring in a prolific rate with Guayaquil City in Ecuador.

A move to Barcelona Sporting followed, and Mastriani subsequently played for Brazilian clubs América Mineiro and Athletico Paranaense.

Club Athletico Paranaense
Club Athletico Paranaense (abbreviated CAP, commonly known as Athletico Paranaense and up to 2019 known as Atlético Paranaense) is a Brazilian football team from the city of Curitiba, capital city of the Brazilian state of Paraná, founded on 26 March 1924.

The team's most important titles have been winning the 2001 Série A, the Copa Sudamericana in 2018 and 2021, making it the only team from Paraná to win international titles. It won the Copa do Brasil in 2019. In the Copa Libertadores, they have finished runner-up twice, in 2005 and 2022.

They are considered the strongest team in Brazil outside of the Big 12, at times even surpassing them.
Abraham Silberschein
Adolf Henryk Silberschein, also known as Abraham Silberschein (born March 30, 1882, in Lwów, Austria-Hungary, today Ukraine, died December 30, 1951, in Geneva, Switzerland) was a Polish-Jewish lawyer, activist of the World Jewish Congress, Zionist, member of the Polish Sejm (1922–1927). During the Holocaust he was a member of the Ładoś Group also called the Bernese Group, an informal cooperation of Jewish organizations and Polish diplomats who fabricated and smuggled illegal Latin American passports to occupied Poland, saving their holders and their families from immediate deportation to German Nazi death camps.

World Jewish Congress
The World Jewish Congress (WJC) is an international federation of Jewish communities and organizations, founded in Geneva, Switzerland, in August 1936. According to its mission statement, the World Jewish Congress's main purpose is to act as "the diplomatic arm of the Jewish people". Membership in the WJC is open to all representative Jewish groups or communities, irrespective of the social, political or economic ideology of the community's host country. The World Jewish Congress headquarters are in New York City, and the organization maintains international offices in Brussels, Belgium; Jerusalem; Paris, France; Moscow, Russia; Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Geneva, Switzerland. The WJC has special consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
Randy Choate
Randol Doyle Choate (born September 5, 1975) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. The New York Yankees selected him in the 1997 Major League Baseball (MLB) draft from Florida State University. Choate made his MLB debut for the Yankees in 2000, and also pitched for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Tampa Bay Rays, Florida/Miami Marlins, Los Angeles Dodgers, and St. Louis Cardinals. He won the 2000 World Series with the Yankees.

As a left-handed relief pitcher, Choate appeared mainly in matchups against left-handed hitters. His pitching style featured a sidearm delivery that hid the ball effectively from left-handed hitters, while only marginally so against right-handed hitters. His repertoire featured almost exclusively a sinking fastball and slider combination.

Sinker (pitch)
In baseball, a sinker or sinking fastball is a type of fastball which has significant downward and horizontal movement and is known for inducing ground balls. Pitchers capable of utilizing the sinker are able to throw the pitch almost exclusively, as it forces weak contact and ground balls, allowing them to rely less on secondary pitches in order to change speeds. While coaches agree that this pitch is very similar to the two-seam fastball, a two-seamer tends to have more lateral movement than a sinker. In either case, the pitch is thrown in a two-seam orientation and has a gyro angle far from 0 degrees, leading to  seam-shifted wake effects that cause downward and lateral movement compared to a four-seam fastball.
Ross Douthat
Ross Gregory Douthat (/ˈdaʊθət/ DOW-thət; born November 28, 1979) is an American author and New York Times columnist. He was a senior editor of The Atlantic and is the film critic for National Review. He has written on religion, politics, and society.

National Review
National Review is an American conservative editorial magazine, focusing on news and commentary pieces on political, social, and cultural affairs. The magazine was founded by William F. Buckley Jr. in 1955. National Review's editor-in-chief is Rich Lowry, and its editor is Ramesh Ponnuru.

Since its founding, the magazine has played a significant role in the development of conservatism in the United States, helping to define its boundaries and promoting fusionism while establishing itself as a leading voice on the American right. While National Review is generally supportive of Republican politicians and policy priorities, the magazine has been critical of President Donald Trump since the 2016 presidential election.
Lyman Pershyi, Kharkiv Oblast
Lyman Pershyi (Ukrainian: Лиман Перший, Russian: Лиман Первый, romanized: Liman Pervyj) is a village in Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. During the first days of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the village was captured by Russian forces in their initial advance into the nation. The village for a short time returned to Ukrainian control after their successful 2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive in September, but a localized Russian offensive later recaptured the village.

Since then, the village has been used as a staging ground for Russian offensives on the village of Synkivka to the south, as part of the larger effort to recapture the city of Kupiansk. Since August 2023, Russian assaults have more significantly picked up in quantity, while Ukrainian counterattacks reportedly also continued.

Kupiansk Raion
Kupiansk Raion (Ukrainian: Куп'янський район) is a raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Kupiansk. Population: 130,111 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kharkiv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Kupiansk Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Dvorichna, Shevchenkove, and Velykyi Burluk Raions, as well as the city of Kupiansk, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kupiansk Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 23,180 (2020 est.).

It is approximately 120 kilometers to the east of Kharkiv and 40 kilometers south of the border with Russia.
Carlinhos (footballer, born 1984)
Carlos César Matheus or simply Carlinhos (born August 2, 1984 in Taquaritinga), is a Brazilian defensive midfielder who currently plays for Bragantino. He spent most of his career in Brazil, playing for América-SP, São Paulo, Guarani and Figueirense before, in January 2010, moving to Super League Greece club Iraklis.

América Futebol Clube (SP)
América Futebol Clube (SP), also known as América de Rio Preto or simply América, is a Brazilian football team based in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. Founded in 1946, it plays in Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão.

It was named after America from Rio de Janeiro, even copying their team badge.
Snarby Peak
Snarby Peak (72°2′S 1°37′E﻿ / ﻿72.033°S 1.617°E﻿ / -72.033; 1.617) is an isolated peak 6 nautical miles (11 km) northeast of Brattskarvet Mountain, at the northeast end of the Sverdrup Mountains, in Queen Maud Land. Photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59). Named for John Snarby, cook with the NBSAE.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Snarby Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Brattskarvet Mountain
Brattskarvet Mountain (72°6′S 1°27′E﻿ / ﻿72.100°S 1.450°E﻿ / -72.100; 1.450) is a mountain, 2,100 metres (6,900 ft) high, next north of Vendeholten Mountain in the Sverdrup Mountains of Queen Maud Land. It was photographed from the air by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and from air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Brattskarvet (the "steep mountain").