hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Željka Antunović
Željka Antunović (pronounced [ʒɛ̂ːʎka antǔːnɔʋit͡ɕ]; born 15 September 1955) is a Croatian former politician who served as acting president of the Social Democratic Party between April and June 2007, and as Minister of Defence from 2002 until 2003 in the second cabinet of Ivica Račan. She was the first and to date only female holder of the office.

Ministry of Defence (Croatia)
The Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Ministarstvo obrane Republike Hrvatske or MORH) is the ministry in the Government of Croatia which is in charge of the nation's military. It is Croatia's ministry of defence. The ministry was established in 1990.
Datasphere
The datasphere is a multidisciplinary concept that first appeared in the 1980s. While many terms have been adopted to describe the digital world – terms such as the Internet, cyberspace, metaverse – the various concepts of the datasphere seem to address the growing dependency of human activities on data, as well as approach the digital world in a holistic manner. Related terms include data economy, data governance, data commons, and data management.

Metaverse
A metaverse is a virtual world in which users interact while represented by avatars, typically in a 3D display, with the experience focused on social and economic connection.

The term metaverse originated in the 1992 science fiction novel Snow Crash as a portmanteau of "meta" and "universe". In Snow Crash, the metaverse is envisioned as a version of the Internet that is a single, universal, and immersive virtual world, facilitated by the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) headsets.

The term "metaverse" is often linked to virtual reality technology, and beginning in the early 2020s, with Web3. The term has been used as a buzzword by companies to exaggerate the development progress of various related technologies and projects for public relations purposes. Information privacy, user addiction, and user safety are concerns within the metaverse, stemming from challenges facing the social media and video game industries as a whole.
Fosfestrol
Fosfestrol, sold under the brand name Honvan and also known as diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (DESDP), is an estrogen medication which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer in men. It is given by slow intravenous infusion once per day to once per week or by mouth once per day.

Side effects of fosfestrol include nausea and vomiting, cardiovascular complications, blood clots, edema, and genital skin reactions, among others. Fosfestrol is an estrogen, and hence is an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like estradiol. It acts as a prodrug of diethylstilbestrol.

Fosfestrol was patented in 1941 and was introduced for medical use in 1955. It was previously marketed widely throughout the world, but now remains available in only a few countries.

Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME).

Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a drug itself is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target.  This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects.
Earlobe
The human earlobe (lobulus auriculae), the lower portion of the outer ear, is composed of tough areolar and adipose connective tissues, lacking the firmness and elasticity of the rest of the auricle (the external structure of the ear). In some cases the lower lobe is connected to the side of the face. Since the earlobe does not contain cartilage it has a large blood supply and may help to warm the ears. However, earlobes are not generally considered to have any major biological function. The earlobe contains many nerve endings, and for some people is an erogenous zone.

The zoologist Desmond Morris in his book The Naked Ape (1967) conjectured that the lobes developed as an additional erogenous zone to facilitate the extended sexuality necessary in the evolution of human monogamous pair bonding.

Connective tissue
Connective tissue is biological tissue that is found in between other tissues in the body. Most types of connective tissue consists of three main components: elastic and collagen fibers, ground substance, and cells.

It is one of the four primary types of animal tissue along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It develops mostly from the mesenchyme, derived from the mesoderm, the middle embryonic germ layer.

The three meninges, membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord, are composed of connective tissue. Blood and lymph are classed as specialized fluid connective tissues that do not contain fiber. All are immersed in the body water. The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells and leukocytes.

The term "connective tissue" (in German, Bindegewebe) was introduced in 1830 by Johannes Peter Müller. The tissue was already recognized as a distinct class in the 18th century.
Bijawar State
Bijawar State was a princely state of colonial India, located in modern Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh.

The native state of Bijawar covered an area of 2520 km2 (973 sq. m.) in the Bundelkhand Agency. Forests covered nearly half the total area of the state, which was believed to be rich in minerals, but lack of transport facilities had hindered the development of its resources.

Panna State
Panna State was a kingdom and later princely state of colonial India, located in modern Panna district of Madhya Pradesh.

The state of Panna belonged to the Bundelkhand Agency and covered an area of, 6724 km2 with 1,008 villages within its borders in 1901. It took its name from the chief town in the area, Panna, which was the capital of the state.
The Symphonic Ellington
The Symphonic Ellington is an album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington, recorded and released on the Reprise label in 1963. The album features recordings of Ellington's orchestra with the Paris Symphony Orchestra, the Stockholm Symphony Orchestra, the Hamburg Symphony Orchestra, and the La Scala Symphony Orchestra.

Hamburger Symphoniker
The Symphoniker Hamburg (Hamburg Symphony Orchestra) is a German orchestra based in Hamburg, Germany.  Founded in 1957, it is one of the city's three largest orchestras.  The Hamburg Symphony Orchestra is the orchestra in residence in the Laeiszhalle, the Hamburg Music Hall.  In addition to symphony concerts, the Hamburg Symphony regularly performs as accompanying ensembles for operas and ballets at the Hamburg State Opera House.  The orchestra also offers subscription series of children's concerts, and annual open-air concerts held in the central courtyard of Hamburg's town hall.
Eduardo Rama Jr.
Eduardo "Edu" Roa Rama Jr. (born December 2, 1978) is a Filipino politician and businessman serving as the Representative of Cebu City's 2nd (South) district since 2022. He previously served as Cebu City councilor from 2004 to 2013, and again from 2016 to 2022.

He is the nephew and longtime political ally of Mike Rama, who served as Mayor of Cebu City twice until he was dismissed from his post by the Ombudsman in 2024.

Mayor of Cebu City
The Mayor of Cebu City (Cebuano: Punong Dakbayan sa Sugbo) is the chief executive of the government of Cebu City in the Philippines. The mayor leads the city's departments in executing ordinances and delivering public services. The mayorship is a three-year term and each mayor is restricted to three consecutive terms, totaling nine years, although a mayor can be elected again after an interruption of one term.

The current mayor is Nestor D. Archival Sr. of Bando Osmeña – Pundok Kauswagan (BOPK), who was elected in 2025 with an upset victory over incumbent mayor Raymond Alvin Garcia (KUSUG) and their predecessor former mayor Michael Rama (BARUG). Archival took his ceremonial oath of office on June 26, 2025 and officially began his term on June 30.
Hasnon Company
The Hasnon Company, founded in 1837, was a French bituminous coal exploration enterprise. Despite its efforts, it conducted numerous surveys and opened three pits in Hasnon and Wallers in 1839 and 1840, within the Nord-Pas-de-Calais mining basin. Additionally, the company held a 25% stake in the Vicoigne Company from 1841 to 1843. In February 1843, the third exploratory shaft was abandoned. The company conducted two final surveys after 1843 and the onset of 1844; however, these results proved inconclusive, and operations were terminated in 1845, coinciding with the dissolution of the Hasnon Company. The concession remained unexploited and was subsequently acquired by the Anzin Mining Company, which had previously purchased Hasnon's shares in the Vicoigne Company in 1843. Anzin left the concession dormant until around 1875 when it attempted to open a pit. Subsequent exploration of the Hasnon concession has not been undertaken.

Wallers
Wallers (French pronunciation: [walɛʁs]) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

It is known for the Trench of Arenberg, part of the Paris–Roubaix cycling race, held annually in April.
Aboriginal Community Court
Aboriginal Community Court, or Aboriginal court was the name given to the specialised courts dealing with Indigenous Australian offenders in the state of Western Australia between 2006 and 2015.

The proceedings were conducted in the Magistrates Court of Western Australia.The court was not an actual court of law, but was the commonly referred to designation of the court when dealing with Indigenous offenders accused of crime, to show its distinctiveness from the usual procedures involved in that criminal court, and to demonstrate that the same court structure deals with both Indigenous and non-Indigenous offenders. The court allowed the involvement of the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in the sentencing process.

Magistrates Court of Western Australia
The Magistrates Court of Western Australia is the first tier court in Western Australia, a state of Australia.  It has jurisdiction in respect of criminal and civil matters, as well as a range of administrative matters.  The court came into existence in May 2005 and was the result of the amalgamation of the Court of Petty Sessions of Western Australia, Small Claims Tribunal of Western Australia, and the Local Court of Western Australia.
Mark Clennon
Mark Anthony Clennon (born August 13, 1990), credited professionally as Mark Clennon or Clennon, is a Jamaican Canadian singer, musician, writer, producer, and actor.

Born in Kingston and raised in Jamaica, Canada, and the United States, Clennon released several projects as a musician before attracting acclaim for his debut acting performance in the feature film I Don't Know Who You Are, which premiered in the Discovery program at the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival. Clennon was nominated for a Canadian Screen Award for his work on the film's title track in 2025.

The music video for Clennon's 2022 song "Kingston" became the first music video shot in Jamaica to feature an on-screen romance between two men.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Original Song
The Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television presents an annual award for Best Achievement in Music: Original Song to the best original song in a  Canadian motion picture.

First presented at the 3rd Genie Awards in 1982, the award was presented as part of the Genie Awards until 2011. Since 2012, it has been presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards.
Ziminiar
In demonology, Ziminiar or Zymymar is one of the four principal kings that have power over the seventy-two demons that are supposedly constrained by King Solomon, according to the Lesser Key of Solomon. Ziminiar is not to be conjured except on great occasions. The other three demon-kings are Amaymon, Corson, and Gaap (although some translations of The Lesser Key of Solomon consider the four kings to be Belial, Beleth, Asmodai, and Gaap, not specifying the cardinal direction that they rule over).

He is the king of the north according to both The Lesser Key of Solomon and Pseudomonarchia Daemonum.

The Lesser Key of Solomon
The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known by its Latin title Lemegeton Clavicula Salomonis or simply the Lemegeton, is an anonymously authored grimoire on sorcery, mysticism, and magic.  It was compiled in the mid-17th century from materials several centuries older.

It is divided into five books: the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria. It is based on the Testament of Solomon and the ring mentioned within it that he used to seal demons.
Daniele Sottile
Daniele Sottile (born 17 August 1979) is an Italian professional volleyball player and member of the Italy men's national volleyball team and Italian club Top Volley Latina. He is a silver medalist of the 2015 World Cup and bronze medalist of the 2015 European Championship.

2015 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup
The 2015 FIVB Men's World Cup was held from 8 to 23 September 2015 in Japan. The tournament served as a qualification process for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The top two teams, USA and Italy, qualified for the Olympics, and joined Brazil as they had already secured a berth as the host country.

United States secured the country's second title with 10 victories and only 1 loss. Matt Anderson was elected the Most Valuable Player. Moreover, there were 3 record breakings. Firstly, Thomas Edgar broke the highest score points in a single match record in Australia's win over Egypt with 50 points. Secondly, in Canada's win over Australia in five sets (32–34, 25–14, 25–21, 27–29, 20–18), two tournament records were broken: the longest match (2 hours and 49 minutes) and the highest scoring game (245 points).
Royal Tru
Royal Tru (often referred to simply as Royal) is a carbonated fruit-flavored soft drink brand owned by The Coca-Cola Company that is exclusive to the Philippines. The brand was introduced in 1922 by the original San Miguel Brewery. After being acquired by Coca-Cola's Philippine unit in 2007, the brand has become the Philippine counterpart of Coca-Cola's Fanta brand.

Coca-Cola Europacific Aboitiz Philippines
Coca-Cola Europacific Aboitiz Philippines, Inc. (CCEAPI, founded as Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines, Inc.), also formerly known as Coca-Cola Beverages Philippines, Inc. and  Coca-Cola FEMSA Philippines, Inc., is a Philippine-based company engaged in the bottling and distribution of Coca-Cola products in the country.
Ball Farm
Ball Farm is the oldest surviving building in the village of Hankelow, near Audlem in Cheshire, England, and is thought to date from 1510. Most of its original timber frame was replaced by brick in the 19th century, but some close studding and small framing survives, as well as part of a mullioned-and-transomed window. Ball Farm was occupied by the Hassalls, a prominent local family, and might have once been used as a district court of justice. It is listed at grade II* by the Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England, the middle of the three grades, denoting "particularly important buildings of more than special interest".

Mullion
A mullion is the vertical element that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. When dividing adjacent window units its primary purpose is a rigid support to the glazing of the window. Its secondary purpose is to provide structural support to  the horizontal lintel above the window opening (Horizontal elements separating the head of a door from a window above are called transoms). In the case of multiple arched windows combined building a bifora (or trifora, etc), the equally shaped windows might be coupled by mullions (instead of a column with base and capital), framed by a blind arch or the mullions dissolving in Gothic tracery.
Raúl Silva Henríquez
Raúl Silva Henríquez SDB (27 September 1907 – 9 April 1999) was a Chilean prelate of the Catholic Church, a cardinal from 1962. He served as Archbishop of Santiago de Chile from 1961 to 1983 and as Bishop of Valparaíso from 1959 to 1961. Both as Archbishop and in retirement, he was an advocate for social justice and democracy and a forthright vocal critic of the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet—"a constant thorn in the Government's side".

Salesians of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB), formally known as the Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Latin: Societas Sancti Francisci Salesii), is a religious congregation of men in the Catholic Church, founded in 1859 by the Italian priest John Bosco to help poor and migrant youth during the Industrial Revolution. The congregation was named after Francis de Sales, a 17th-century bishop of Geneva.

The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". Its associated women's institute is the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, while the lay movement is the Association of Salesian Cooperators.
Iyo-Yoshida Domain
Iyo-Yoshida Domain (伊予吉田藩, Iyo-Yoshida-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, controlling all of Tosa Province in what is now western Ehime Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was centered around Yoshida jin'ya, located in what is now part of the city of Uwajima, Ehime, and was ruled throughout its history by a cadet branch of the tozama daimyō Date clan. Iyo-Yoshida Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Ehime Prefecture.

Abolition of the han system
The abolition of the han system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken) in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (大名, daimyō, feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy.
Beta-D-glucopyranosyl abscisate beta-glucosidase
Beta-D-glucopyranosyl abscisate beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.175, AtBG1, ABA-beta-D-glucosidase, ABA-specific beta-glucosidase, ABA-GE hydrolase, beta-D-glucopyranosyl abscisate hydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name beta-D-glucopyranosyl abscisate glucohydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

D-glucopyranosyl abscisate + H2O  D-glucose + abscisate

The enzyme hydrolyzes the biologically inactive beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester of abscisic acid to produce active abscisate.

Abscisic acid
Abscisic acid (ABA or abscisin II) is a plant hormone. ABA functions in many plant developmental processes, including seed and bud dormancy, the control of organ size and stomatal closure. It is especially important for plants in the response to environmental stresses, including drought, soil salinity, cold tolerance, freezing tolerance, heat stress and heavy metal ion tolerance.
Catherine Hall (nurse)
Dame Catherine Mary Hall DBE FRCN (19 December 1922 – 26 August 1996) was a British nurse and nursing administrator who was a long serving General Secretary of the UK's Royal College of Nursing (1957–1982).

Royal College of Nursing
The Royal College of Nursing (RCN) is a registered trade union and professional body in the United Kingdom for those in the profession of nursing. It was founded in 1916 as the College of Nursing, receiving its royal charter in 1928. Queen Elizabeth II was the patron until her death in 2022, King Charles III continued the royal connection and became patron in 2024. The majority of members are registered nurses; however student nurses and healthcare assistants are also members. There is also a category of membership, at a reduced cost, for retired people.

The RCN describes its mission as representing nurses and nursing, promoting excellence in practice and shaping health policies. It has a network of stewards, safety representatives and union learning representatives as well as advice services for members. Services include a main library in London, and regional libraries. The RCN Institute provides courses for nurses.
Torre de' Picenardi
Torre de' Picenardi (Cremunés: Li Tùr) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Cremona.

Torre de' Picenardi borders the following municipalities: Ca' d'Andrea, Cappella de' Picenardi, Drizzona, Isola Dovarese, Pessina Cremonese, and Voltido.

Cremona
Cremona (/krɪˈmoʊnə/ krim-OH-nə, UK also /krɛˈ-/ krem-, Italian: [kreˈmoːna]; Cremunés: Cremùna; Emilian: Carmona) is a city and comune (municipality) in northern Italy, situated in Lombardy, on the left bank of the Po river in the middle of the Po Valley. It is the capital of the province of Cremona and the seat of the local city and province governments. The city of Cremona is especially noted for its musical history and traditions, including some of the earliest and most renowned luthiers, such as Giuseppe Guarneri, Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Rugeri, Vincenzo Rugeri, and several members of the Amati family.
Steve Gadd
Stephen Kendall Gadd (born April 9, 1945) is an American drummer and session musician. Gadd is one of the best-known and most highly regarded session and studio drummers in the industry, recognized by his induction into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1984. Gadd's performances on Paul Simon's "50 Ways to Leave Your Lover" (1976) and "Late in the Evening" (1980), Herbie Mann's "Hi-jack" (1975) and Steely Dan's "Aja" (1977) are examples of his style. He has worked with other popular musicians from many genres including Van McCoy, Simon & Garfunkel, James Taylor, Chick Corea, Chuck Mangione, Randy Crawford, Eric Clapton, Michel Petrucciani, Paul McCartney, and David Gilmour.

Van McCoy
Van Allen Clinton McCoy (January 6, 1940 – July 6, 1979) was an American record producer, arranger, songwriter and singer. He is known for his 1975 internationally successful hit "The Hustle". He has approximately 700 song copyrights to his credit, and produced songs by such recording artists as Brenda & the Tabulations, David Ruffin, The Stylistics, The Presidents, Faith, Hope & Charity, New Censation, Gladys Knight & the Pips, Aretha Franklin, Peaches & Herb, Lesley Gore, and Stacy Lattisaw.
Letter (alphabet)
In a writing system, a letter is a grapheme that generally corresponds to a phoneme—the smallest functional unit of speech—though there is rarely total one-to-one correspondence between the two. An alphabet is a writing system that uses letters.

Grapheme
In linguistics, a grapheme is the smallest functional unit of a writing system. The word grapheme is derived from Ancient Greek's gráphō ('write'), and the suffix -eme (by analogy with phoneme and other emic units). The study of graphemes is called graphemics. The concept of a grapheme is abstract; it is similar to the notion of a character in computing. (A specific geometric shape that represents any particular grapheme in a given typeface is called a glyph.) In orthographic and linguistic notation, a particular glyph (character) is represented as a grapheme (is used in its graphemic sense) by enclosing it within angle brackets: e.g. ⟨a⟩.