hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simon of Southwell
Simon of Southwell was a medieval English canon lawyer and canon who became treasurer of the cathedral chapter of Lichfield Cathedral. He served in the household of Hubert Walter, who was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1193 to 1205. Pope Celestine III appointed Simon as a papal judge-delegate, and Simon also served Walter in Rome on two legal cases. A number of the glosses on a late-twelfth-century copy of Gratian's Decretum are ascribed to Simon.

Decretum Gratiani
The Decretum Gratiani, also known as the Concordia discordantium canonum or Concordantia discordantium canonum or simply as the Decretum, is a collection of Catholic canon law compiled and written in the 12th century as a legal textbook by the jurist known as Gratian. It forms the first part of the collection of six legal texts, which together became known as the Corpus Juris Canonici. It was used as the main source of law by canonists of the Catholic Church until the Decretals, promulgated by Pope Gregory IX in 1234, obtained legal force, after which it was the cornerstone of the Corpus Juris Canonici, in force until 1917.
Of Great and Mortal Men: 43 Songs for 43 U.S. Presidencies
On September 9, 2008, Standard Recording Company released a triple CD Of Great and Mortal Men: 43 Songs for 43 U.S. Presidencies, a collection penned by songwriters J. Matthew Gerken of Nice Monster, Christian Kiefer, and Jefferson Pitcher (formerly of Above the Orange Trees). The set features a slew of special studio guests including Califone, Rosie Thomas, Bill Callahan (Smog), Alan Sparhawk (Low), Mark Kozelek (Red House Painters, Sun Kil Moon), Marla Hansen (Sufjan Stevens), Steve Dawson (Dolly Varden), Vince DiFiore (Cake), Monahans, James Jackson Toth (Wooden Wand), and Tom Carter (Charalambides).

Califone
Califone is an experimental rock band from Chicago. The band is named after Califone International, an audio equipment manufacturer. Their work has been critically acclaimed.

Califone has released an album and feature film, both of which are titled All My Friends Are Funeral Singers. The album was released October 6, 2009 on Dead Oceans. The feature film was made available in 2010, and the band toured as a live soundtrack to the film.

All My Friends Are Funeral Singers is the follow-up album to 2006's Roots & Crowns, which The New York Times called "enthralling."

In 2011, a feature-length tour documentary about Califone, called "Made a Machine by Describing the Landscape", was released by IndiePix. The film was directed by Solan Jensen and Joshua Marie Wilkinson, and presents an intimate portrait of the band on tour in Europe and the US after the release of "Heron King Blues".
Dayveon
Dayveon is a 2017 American drama film directed by Amman Abbasi and written by Amman Abbasi and Steven Reneau. The film stars Devin Blackmon, Dontrell Bright, Lachion Buckingham, Kordell Johnson, Marquell Manning and Chasity Moore. The film was released on September 13, 2017, by FilmRise.

FilmRise
FilmRise Acquisitions LLC is an American media company, headquartered in New York City, that operates a film and television studio and a free ad-supported streaming television (FAST) network. FilmRise also syndicates its own digital linear channels to platforms including The Roku Channel, Samsung TV Plus, Amazon Freevee and Vizio.

FilmRise focuses on acquiring content that is either under the radar or significantly underestimated by the industry.
1973 Bangladeshi general election
General elections were held in newly independent Bangladesh on 7 March 1973, the first general election after the Bangladesh Liberation War. A total of 1,078 candidates and 14 political parties contested the elections.

Though the Awami League was already the clear favourite before the elections, the government led by its leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman made a major effort to winning every seat. This led to an unnecessarily rigged election in which the Awami League won 293 of the 300 directly elected seats including eleven constituencies where they were elected unopposed without a vote. Voter turnout was 55%.

The result saw a near-complete obliteration of the opposition, with most of the leadership of opposition parties failing to win seats, including Mohammad Abdul Jalil (Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal), Rashed Khan Menon, Kazi Zafar Ahmed and Aleem al-Razee (National Awami Party (Bhashani)), and Suranjit Sengupta (National Awami Party (Muzaffar)).

Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal
The Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Bengali: জাতীয় সমাজতান্ত্রিক দল, lit. 'National Socialist Party') is a political party in Bangladesh. The party was founded by Serajul Alam Khan. The party was dominant during the 1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency. The current party president is Hasanul Haque Inu.
Marie Brassard
Marie Brassard is a Canadian actress, theatrical writer and director. She is known for her work with playwright and actor Robert Lepage and later for her own French and English theatrical pieces, which  have been presented in many countries in the Americas, Europe and in Australia.

Robert Lepage
Robert Lepage CC OQ (born December 12, 1957) is a Canadian playwright, actor, film director, and stage director. He is known for his multidisciplinary performance and production company called Ex Machina, which he founded in 1994 in Quebec City.
Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed pair
The men's coxed pair competition at the 1976 Summer Olympics took place at Notre Dame Island Olympic Basin, Canada. It was held from 18 to 25 July. There were 13 boats (40 competitors, with West Germany making one substitution) from 13 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by Harald Jährling, Friedrich-Wilhelm Ulrich, and Georg Spohr of East Germany, the nation's second consecutive victory in the event (with an entirely different crew than in 1972). The Soviet Union (Dmitry Bekhterev, Yuriy Shurkalov, and cox Yuriy Lorentsson) earned that nation's first medal in the event since 1960 with their silver. The Czechoslovak brothers Oldřich Svojanovský and Pavel Svojanovský became the 8th and 9th men to win multiple medals in the event, adding a bronze to 1972 silver with new cox Ludvík Vébr.

Friedrich-Wilhelm Ulrich
Friedrich-Wilhelm Ulrich (born 20 October 1953) is a German rower who competed for East Germany in the 1976 Summer Olympics and in the 1980 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Packebusch. In 1976 he was a crew member of the East German boat which won the gold medal in the coxed pairs event. Four years later he won his second gold medal with the East German boat in the coxed pairs competition.
Hollywood Bowl Jazz Festival
The Hollywood Bowl Jazz Festival is an event held in the Hollywood Bowl that celebrates jazz and features both established and up-and-coming jazz musicians. Founded in 1959 by Hugh Hefner as the Playboy Jazz Festival, it was held in Chicago but did not recur until 1979, when the venue was moved to the Hollywood Bowl.

In 2022, the festival changed its name. It was held June 25 and 26 that year and hosted by comedian Arsenio Hall.

The event is organized by the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association, which presents the summer Hollywood Bowl concerts.

Hugh Hefner
Hugh Marston Hefner (April 9, 1926 – September 27, 2017) was an American magazine publisher and businessman. He was the founder and editor-in-chief of Playboy magazine, a publication with revealing photographs and articles. Hefner extended the Playboy brand into a world network of Playboy Clubs. He also resided in luxury mansions where Playboy Playmates shared his wild partying life, fueling media interest.
2000 NRL Grand Final
The 2000 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership-deciding game of the 2000 NRL season. It was contested by the Brisbane Broncos, who had finished the season in 1st place, and the Sydney Roosters, who had finished the season in 2nd place. The Brisbane Broncos were favourites heading into the grand final with the Sydney Roosters as underdogs. Brisbane were premiership favourites for most of the season after leading the competition every round since round 4. It was their fifth grand final appearance in nine years, while it was the first for the Roosters in twenty years. The attendance of 94,277 was the third highest ever seen at a rugby league match in Australia. It was the first time that the Clive Churchill Medal was presented separately with a ribbon being worn around the neck, as previously it was presented in a case.

Grand final
Primarily in Australian sports, a grand final is a game that decides a sports league's premiership (or championship) winning team, i.e. the conclusive game of a finals (or play-off) series. Synonymous with a championship game in North American sports, grand finals have become a significant part of Australian culture.  The earliest leagues to feature a grand final were in Australian rules football, followed soon after by rugby league. Currently the largest grand finals are in the Australian Football League (AFL) and National Rugby League (NRL). Their popularity influenced other competitions such as soccer's  A-League Men and A-League Women, the National Basketball League, Super Netball and European rugby league's Super League to adopt grand finals as well. Most grand finals involve a prestigious award for the player voted best on field.
Nikolay Nikolov (pole vaulter)
Nikolay Nikolov (Bulgarian: Николай Николов; born 15 October 1964, in Beloslav) is a retired Bulgarian pole vaulter. He is best known for winning a silver medal at the 1988 European Indoor Championships.

His personal best jump was 5.72 metres, achieved in July 1991 in Sofia. This ranks him third among Bulgarian pole vaulters, only behind Spas Bukhalov and Atanas Tarev.

Spas Bukhalov
Spas Bukhalov (Cyrillic: Спас Бухалов; born 14 November 1980) is a Bulgarian pole vaulter.

He won the 2001 Balkan Games and finished sixth at the 2007 European Indoor Championships. He also competed at the Olympic Games in 2004 as well as the World Championships in 2003 and 2007 without reaching the final.

His personal best jump is 5.82 metres, achieved in June 2007 in Sofia. This is the Bulgarian, and Balkan, record.

He was born in Plovdiv.
Hungarian Rhapsody No. 1
Hungarian Rhapsody No. 1 in C-sharp minor/E major is the first of a set of 19 Hungarian Rhapsodies by composer Franz Liszt, dedicated to one of his friends and former student, Ede Szerdahelyi. Work on the piece began in 1846 in Klausenburg, and it was published about November 1851. The piece, like many in the set, is composed in the csárdás style, signified by two sections: the lassú (slower, first section) and the friss (faster, second section). Some parts, as the beginning and the trill, resemble the Piano Sonata No. 32 (Beethoven). Also typical for the set, themes in the piece can be traced to earlier sources, specifically Ferenc Erkel and Gáspár Bernát in the first section, and Károly Thern in the second. The gypsy Laci Pócsi and his band are said to have been a source of inspiration for this piece.

Ferenc Erkel
Ferenc Erkel (Hungarian: Erkel Ferenc Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɛrkɛl ˈfɛrɛnt͡s], German: Franz Erkel; November 7, 1810 – June 15, 1893) was a Hungarian composer, conductor and pianist. He was the father of Hungarian grand opera, written mainly on historical themes, which are still often performed in Hungary. He also composed the music of "Himnusz", the national anthem of Hungary, which was adopted in 1844. He died in Budapest.
Vilém Stráský
Vilém Stráský (born 3 July 1999) is a Czech multi-event athlete. He was a gold medalist in the decathlon at the FISU World University Games in 2021. He represented his country at the 2024 and 2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships.

2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships
The 20th World Athletics Indoor Championships were held from 21 to 23 March 2025 in Nanjing, People's Republic of China, at the newly built Nanjing's Cube gymnasium in the Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park.

Nanjing was originally due to host the World Athletics Indoor Championships in 2020, then in 2021, and then again in 2023, but all these dates were cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic regulations in China. The 2022 edition took place in Belgrade, Serbia, and the 2024 edition in Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Meadow River (Saskatchewan)
Meadow River is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The river's source is Meadow Lake, which is the lake adjacent to the city of Meadow Lake. The river and its drainage basin are in the transition zone between the boreal forest and prairies ecozones of Canada. Meadow River's mouth is at Beaver River, which flows northward into Lac Île-à-la-Crosse, a lake along the course of the Churchill River, which is a major river in the Hudson Bay drainage basin.

The first European to explore the river was a Hudson's Bay employee named Peter Fidler. In 1799 he had come down the Beaver River and travelled up Meadow River to Meadow Lake while mapping and exploring the region. Near the lake's shore where the river flows out, near the present day city of Meadow Lake, he built a log fort that he named Bolsover House, after his home town of Bolsover, England. The fort lasted one season before being abandoned and relocated to nearby Green Lake House.

Hudson Bay drainage basin
The Hudson Bay drainage basin is the drainage basin in northern North America where surface water empties into the Hudson Bay and adjoining waters. Spanning an area of about 3,861,400 square kilometres (1,490,900 sq mi) and with a mean discharge of about 30,900 m3/s (1,090,000 cu ft/s), the basin is almost entirely within Canada. It encompasses parts of the Canadian Prairies, Central Canada, and Northern Canada. A small area of the basin is in the northern part of the Midwestern United States.

The Hudson Bay drainage basin coincides almost completely with the former territory of Rupert's Land, claimed by the Hudson's Bay Company in the 17th century. It was an ideal area for the early North American fur trade.
Lisa Johnson Billy
Lisa Johnson Billy (born February 21, 1967) is a Chickasaw and American politician who has served in the legislatures of Oklahoma and the Chickasaw Nation. She has served as a tribal councillor for the Chickasaw Nation since 2016 and previously served on the council between 1996 and 2002. She represented Oklahoma House of Representatives district 42 from 2004 to 2016 and was appointed by President of the United States Donald Trump to the board of trustees of the Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Foundation in 2017.

She held the positions of Oklahoma Secretary of Native American Affairs and Oklahoma Native American Affairs Liaison in 2019 after her appointment by Governor Kevin Stitt.

Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Foundation
The Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Foundation is an independent agency of the United States government to honor Morris K. Udall's lasting impact on the environment, public lands, and natural resources, and his support of the rights and self-governance of American Indians and Alaska Natives.

The Foundation was established by the Congress in 1992 to honor Morris Udall's thirty years of service in the House of Representatives. Congress amended the name in 2009 to include Stewart Udall, in recognition of his public service. The full official name of the Foundation is Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in National Environmental Policy Foundation. The President of the United States appoints its board of trustees with the advice and consent of the Senate.
Marpol Annex II
Marpol Annex II is the second implemetation made by MARPOL 73/78, one of the most important marine environmental conventions. The convention was designed to minimize pollution of the seas from ships. The objective of the convention is to preserve the marine environment through the complete elimination of pollution by noxious liquid substances in bulk. Annex II restricts the quantity and type of noxious liquid substances which can be discharged into the sea. In addition, it creates the requirement for all vessels over 150 gross tonnes carrying noxious liquid substances (such as chemical tankers) to carry a Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plan (SMPEP).

MARPOL 73/78
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978, or "MARPOL 73/78" (short for "marine pollution") is one of the most important international marine environmental conventions. It was developed by the International Maritime Organization with an objective to minimize pollution of the oceans and seas, including dumping, oil and air pollution.

The original MARPOL was signed on 17 February 1973, but did not come into force at the signing date. The current convention is a combination of 1973 Convention and the 1978 Protocol, which entered into force on 2 October 1983. As of January 2018, 156 states are parties to the convention, being flag states of 99.42% of the world's shipping tonnage.

All ships flagged under countries that are signatories to MARPOL are subject to its requirements, regardless of where they sail, and member nations are responsible for vessels registered on their national ship registry.
Vicky Osgood
Vicky Mary Osgood (1953 – 23 March 2017) was a British obstetrician and medical educator. She was a consultant in maternal–fetal medicine at Portsmouth, then dean of postgraduate medical education within the Wessex Deanery, and finally director of education and standards for the General Medical Council.

Maternal–fetal medicine
Maternal–fetal medicine (MFM), also known as Perinatology or Feto-maternal medicine, is a branch of medicine that focuses on managing health concerns of the mother and fetus prior to, during, and shortly after pregnancy.

Maternal–fetal medicine specialists are physicians who subspecialize within the field of obstetrics. Their training typically includes a four-year residency in obstetrics and gynecology followed by a three-year fellowship. They may perform prenatal tests, provide treatments, and perform surgeries. They act both as a consultant during lower-risk pregnancies and as the primary obstetrician in especially high-risk pregnancies. After birth, they may work closely with pediatricians or neonatologists. For the mother, perinatologists assist with pre-existing health concerns, as well as complications caused by pregnancy.
Naing Ko Ko
Naing Ko Ko (Burmese: နိုင်ကိုကို; born 5 July 1980) is a Burmese politician who currently serves as a House of Nationalities member of parliament for Kachin State № 12 Constituency. He is a member of the National League for Democracy.

Kachin State
Kachin State (Burmese: ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: Jinghpaw Mungdaw) is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, respectively), Shan State to the south, and Sagaing Region and India (Arunachal Pradesh) to the west. It lies between north latitude 23° 27' and 28° 25' longitude 96° 0' and 98° 44'. The area of Kachin State is 89,041 km2 (34,379 sq mi). The capital of the state is Myitkyina. Other important towns include Bhamo, Mohnyin and Putao.

Kachin State has Myanmar's highest mountain, Hkakabo Razi at 5,889 metres (19,321 ft), forming the southern tip of the Himalayas, and a large inland lake, Indawgyi Lake. It also has the most national parks of any administrative division in Myanmar, that being three.
Bobby Wahl
Robert Martin Wahl (born March 21, 1992) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics, New York Mets, and Milwaukee Brewers.

Wahl played college baseball for the Ole Miss Rebels. The Athletics selected him in the 2013 MLB draft, and he made his MLB debut for the Oakland Athletics in 2017, and was traded to the Mets in 2018. The Mets traded him to the Brewers before the 2019 season.

2013 Major League Baseball draft
The 2013 Major League Baseball draft was held from June 6 through June 8, 2013. The first two rounds were broadcast from Studio 42 of the MLB Network in Secaucus, New Jersey.

Each team received one selection per round, going in reverse order of the 2012 MLB season final standings. In addition, teams could receive compensation draft picks if they had made a qualifying offer to a free agent player from their team, and the player rejected the offer and signed with another team.
Besieged City
Besieged City (Chinese: 圍城) is a 2008 Hong Kong film directed by Lawrence Ah Mon. It has a Category III rating in Hong Kong.

Elizabeth Kerr wrote in The Hollywood Reporter, "[Besieged City] is a quasi-realist Hong Kong urban drama", and film critic Paul Fonoroff wrote that Besieged City was the "21st-century sequel" of Lawrence Ah Mon's 1988 debut feature film Gangs. The title refers to Tin Shui Wai, a satellite town in the northwestern New Territories of Hong Kong.

Paul Fonoroff
Paul Kendel Fonoroff (born 1954 in Cleveland, Ohio) is a film critic and historian specializing in Chinese-language cinema. Born in the United States, he spent several years of schooling in China, accepting a fellowship at Peking University. After moving to Hong Kong in 1983, Fonoroff spent decades ingrained in its local film culture, writing reviews for the South China Morning Post and appearing on television to discuss cinema. He also received small acting parts in about twenty films.

Over the decades, Fonoroff amassed a large collection of Chinese film journals and periodicals. He donated this collection to the University of California, Berkeley in 2015.
Dante (footballer)
Dante Bonfim Costa Santos (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈdɐ̃tʃi bõˈfĩ ˈkɔstɐ ˈsɐ̃tus]; born 18 October 1983), also known as Dante Bonfim or simply Dante, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays for and captains Ligue 1 club Nice. Primarily a centre-back, he has previously also been used as a defensive midfielder or left-back.

After emerging at Juventude, Dante went on to play for Lille, Charleroi and Standard Liège, winning the Belgian Pro League with the latter. In January 2009, he was signed by Borussia Mönchengladbach, spending two-and-a-half seasons before making a €4.7 million move to Bayern Munich, where he won nine domestic and international honours.

Dante made his international debut for Brazil in 2013, winning that year's Confederations Cup and representing the nation at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

Esporte Clube Juventude
Esporte Clube Juventude (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [isˈpɔʁtʃi ˈklubi ʒuvẽˈtudʒi]), or simply Juventude, is a Brazilian football club in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. The club currently competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, the second tier of Brazilian football, as well as in Campeonato Gaúcho, the Rio Grande do Sul state football league. Major titles won by the club include the 1999 Copa do Brasil, the 1994 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B and the 1998 Campeonato Gaúcho. Their greatest rival is Caxias, with whom it contests the Caxias do Sul derby, also known as Ca–Ju.