hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jimmy Cole (American football)
James Cole (1931 or 1932 – November 17, 2022) was an American football player and official. He played college football as a running back, defensive back, punter, and kick returner at Memphis State College (now known as the University of Memphis) for four seasons and later served as an official in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and the National Football League (NFL).

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Zurabi Iakobishvili
Zurabi Iakobishvili (Georgian: ზურაბ იაკობიშვილი; born February 4, 1992) is a Georgian freestyle wrestler and wrestling coach. He is a World Championships gold and three-time bronze medallist, and European Championships gold and two-time bronze medallist. Iakobishvili won the gold medal in the freestyle 65 kg event at the 2017 World Championships and the freestyle 70 kg event at the 2022 European Championships. He is currently the head coach of the Norwegian female national wrestling team.

Iakobishvili won bronze medals in the freestyle 70 kg event at the World Championships in 2018, 2021 and 2022, and the freestyle 65 kg event and freestyle 70kg event at the 2017 and 2018 European Championships respectively. He's also a European U23 Championships silver medallist. Iakobishvili competed in the men's freestyle 65 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio, where he reached the quarterfinals and placed tenth.

2022 World Wrestling Championships
The 2022 World Wrestling Championships was the 17th edition of the World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held between 10 and 18 September 2022 in Belgrade, Serbia.

The UWW Bureau approved the candidature of Belgrade, Serbia as the host of the 2023 Senior World Championships. However, due to the restrictions on Russia for hosting World Championships in 2021–2022, Belgrade replaced the former city of Krasnoyarsk as the World Championships host for 2022. In addition, Russian and Belarusian athletes have been banned from 2022 World Championships.
Modus ponens
In propositional logic, modus ponens (/ˈmoʊdəs ˈpoʊnɛnz/; MP), also known as modus ponendo ponens (from Latin 'mode that by affirming affirms'), implication elimination, or affirming the antecedent, is a deductive argument form and rule of inference. It can be summarized as "P implies Q. P is true. Therefore, Q must also be true."

Modus ponens is a mixed hypothetical syllogism and is closely related to another valid form of argument, modus tollens. Both have apparently similar but invalid forms: affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent. Constructive dilemma is the disjunctive version of modus ponens.

The history of modus ponens goes back to antiquity. The first to explicitly describe the argument form modus ponens was Theophrastus. It, along with modus tollens, is one of the standard patterns of inference that can be applied to derive chains of conclusions that lead to the desired goal.

Material conditional
The material conditional (also known as material implication) is a binary operation commonly used in logic. When the conditional symbol  is interpreted as material implication, a formula  is true unless  is true and  is false.

Material implication is used in all the basic systems of classical logic as well as some nonclassical logics. It is assumed as a model of correct conditional reasoning within mathematics and serves as the basis for commands in many programming languages. However, many logics replace material implication with other operators such as the strict conditional and the variably strict conditional. Due to the paradoxes of material implication and related problems, material implication is not generally considered a viable analysis of conditional sentences in natural language.
Article 51 of the Constitution of India
Article 51 of the Constitution of India is a directive principle of state policy enshrined in Part IV of the Constitution of India. It reflects India's commitment to international peace and cooperation, and outlines the guiding principles for the country's foreign policy objectives.

World peace
World peace is the concept of an ideal state of peace within and among all people and nations on Earth. Different cultures, religions, philosophies, and organizations have varying concepts on how such a state would come about.

Various religious and secular organizations have the stated aim of achieving world peace through addressing human rights, technology, education, engineering, medicine, or diplomacy used as an end to all forms of fighting. Since 1945, the United Nations and the five permanent members of its Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) have operated under the aim to resolve conflicts without war. Nonetheless, nations have entered numerous military conflicts since then.
Riaz ur Rehman Saghar
Riaz-Ur-Rehman Saghar (Punjabi, Urdu: ریاض الرحمان ساغر, born 1 December 1941, Bathinda, Punjab, British India; died 1 June 2013, at Lahore, Pakistan) was a poet and a film song lyricist active in Pakistani cinema.

He had been awarded numerous awards in recognition of his services to the Pakistani film industry. He is credited with having written over 25000 songs in his lifetime, including many for noted Pakistani singers such as Hadiqa Kiani ("Dupatta Mera Malmal Da" [دوپٹا میرا ململ دا], "Yaad Sajan Di Ayi" [یاد سجن دی آوے]) and a duet song with Asha Bhosle and Adnan Sami Khan ("Kabhi to Nazar Milao" [کبھی تو نظر ملاؤ]).  Saghar also wrote prose and film dialogue in some of the films.

Hadiqa Kiani
Hadiqa Kiani (born 11 August 1972) is a Pakistani singer, songwriter, guitarist, actress, and social worker. She has won many national and international awards. Hadiqa has also performed at famous places like the Royal Albert Hall in the UK and The Kennedy Center in the USA. Along with Urdu and Punjabi, she has also sung songs in various local and international languages.
Lauren Kuby
Lauren Kuby is an American politician and sustainability scientist serving in the Arizona Senate for Arizona's 8th legislative district. She was previously a member and vice mayor of the Tempe City Council. At Arizona State University, she held roles focused on community outreach and sustainable development and has conducted research on the intersection of social and ecological issues.

Arizona's 8th legislative district
Arizona's 8th legislative district is one of 30 in the state, consisting of a section of Maricopa County. As of 2023, there are 57 precincts in the district, all in Maricopa, with a total registered voter population of   117,848. The district has an overall population of 244,166.

Following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, the Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) redrew legislative district boundaries in Arizona. According to the AIRC, the district is outside of competitive range and considered leaning Democratic.
Manuel Muñoz Borrero
Manuel Muñoz Borrero (4 February 1891 – 5 October 1976) was an Ecuadorian diplomat who issued some 100 Ecuadorian passports to save Jews during the Holocaust. He is the only Ecuadorian to be recognized by Yad Vashem as a Righteous among the Nations.

Righteous Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם ḥasidei ummot ha'olam) is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe all of the non-Jews who, out of altruism, risked their lives in order to save Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The term originates from the concept of ger toshav, a legal term used to refer to non-Jewish observers of the Seven Laws of Noah.

Recent research has complicated dominant historical narratives about rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. The vast majority of rescue was enabled by the exchange of money, goods, or services, while many survivors concealed complicating facts in applications of Yad Vashem.
Matilde Esther
Matilde Esther was a non-delimited territory of Ecuador situated between the provinces of Los Ríos, Guayas and Bolívar. It was incorporated into the Guayas Province by the decree issued by President Rafael Correa in 2017.

Guayas Province
Guayas (English: /ˈɡwɑːjəs/, Spanish: [ˈɡwaʝas] ⓘ) is a coastal province in Ecuador. It is bordered to the west by Manabí, Santa Elena, and the Pacific Ocean (as the Gulf of Guayaquil); to the east by Los Ríos, Bolívar, Chimborazo, Cañar, and Azuay; to the north by Los Ríos and Bolívar; and to the south by El Oro and the Pacific Ocean.

With a population of over 4 million people, it is the most populous province in Ecuador. In terms of area it is the seventh largest province in the country. The main port of Ecuador, Guayaquil, is located within the province.
WWII: The Long Road Home
WWII: The Long Road Home is a 2017 World War II biographical drama adventure film written and directed by Elliott Hasler. Created between the ages of 14 and 16 whilst Hasler was still at school, the film centres on the story of his own great-grandfather's experiences as an escaped prisoner of war in Italy. Released when Hasler was 16, WWII: The Long Road Home premiered at the Brighton and Edinburgh festivals in 2017 and was praised by critics for the vision of the project in relation to Hasler's age.

The film was produced by Relsah Films and distributed by 101 Films International and 3 Wolves.

Brighton Fringe
Brighton Fringe is an open-access arts festival held annually in Brighton, England. It is the largest annual arts festival in England and one of the largest fringe festivals in the world. The programme of 2018 included 1008 events at over 166 venues across 4 weeks, in May and June.
United States Army Sniper School
The U.S. Army Sniper School trains selected military members assigned to sniper positions in the skills necessary to deliver long-range precision fire and the collection of battlefield information.  Students will receive training in fieldcraft skills, advanced camouflage techniques, concealed movement, target detection, range estimation, terrain utilization, intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB), relevant reporting procedures, sniper tactics, advanced marksmanship, and staff subjects (intelligence, mission, training, combat orders, command and control, and training management).

Marksman
A marksman is a person who is skilled in precision shooting. In modern military usage this typically refers to the use of projectile weapons such as an accurized scoped long gun such as designated marksman rifle,  sniper rifle and anti-materiel rifle to shoot at high-value targets at longer-than-usual ranges.

The proficiency in precision shooting is known as a shooter's marksmanship, which can be used to describe both gunnery and archery.
Marcus Vitorius Marcellus
Marcus Vitorius Marcellus or Vitorius Marcellus (c. 60 – after 105) was a Roman senator who lived in the 1st century and 2nd century. He was a friend of Quintilian and the poet Statius. Marcellus was suffect consul for the nundinium of September to December 105 with Gaius Caecilius Strabo as his colleague.

Quintilian
Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (Latin: [kʷiːntɪliˈaːnʊs]; c. 35 – c. 100 AD) was a Roman educator and rhetorician born in Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and in Renaissance writing. In English translation, he is usually referred to as Quintilian (/kwɪnˈtɪliən/ kwin-TIL-ee-ən), although the alternate spellings of Quintillian and Quinctilian are occasionally seen, the latter in older texts.
Cranachan
Cranachan (Scottish Gaelic: Crannachan pronounced [ˈkʰɾan̪ˠəxan]) is a traditional Scottish dessert. It was originally a celebration of harvest, made following the raspberry harvest in August. The dessert of cream and fresh seasonal raspberries is bolstered by Scottish oats and whisky. It has been called "the uncontested king of Scottish desserts". Cranachan owes its origins to crowdie, a popular breakfast in which crowdie cheese is combined with lightly toasted oatmeal, cream, and local honey. Raspberries, when in season, might be added to the dish.

Cranachan is now served all year round, and typically on special occasions. A traditional way to serve cranachan is to bring dishes of each ingredient to the table so that each person can assemble their own dessert to taste.

Raspberry
The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus Rubus of the rose family, most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus. The name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems.

World production of raspberries in 2023 was 940,979 tonnes, led by Russia with 23% of the total. Raspberries are cultivated across northern Europe and North America and are consumed in various ways, including as whole fruit and in preserves, cakes, pastries, ice cream, and liqueurs.
Divine Word Academy of Dagupan
The Divine Word Academy of Dagupan (simplified Chinese: 德兰中学; traditional Chinese: 德蘭中學; pinyin: Délán Zhōngxué; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiak-lân Tiong-o̍h) (DWAD) is a private, Catholic, basic education institution run by the Philippine Northern Province of the Society of the Divine Word in Dagupan, Philippines. It was founded by the Divine Word Missionaries in 1957. It is one of the few schools in the Philippines that offer an education in Chinese culture in addition to the regular curricula required by the Department of Education (Philippines) and by private schools, in combination with the ideals of a Catholic education.

The academy is under the direction of the Divine Word Missionaries and was primarily established for the benefit of the Catholics of Chinese descent residing in Dagupan and the province of Pangasinan. The school equally welcomes all children regardless of race, color and religious creed.

The school’s director is Rev. Fr. Aljiovanie R. Abrasado, SVD.

Society of the Divine Word
The Society of the Divine Word (Latin: Societas Verbi Divini), abbreviated SVD and popularly called the Verbites or the Divine Word Missionaries, and sometimes the Steyler Missionaries, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men. As of 2020, it consisted of 5,965 members composed of priests and religious brothers working in more than 70 countries, now part of VIVAT international. It is one of the largest missionary congregations in the Catholic Church. Its members add the nominal letters SVD after their names to indicate membership in the Congregation. The superior general is Anselmo Ricardo Ribeiro, who hails from Brazil.
1996 ATP Super 9
The 1996 ATP Super 9 (also known as Mercedes-Benz Super 9 for sponsorship reasons) were part of the 1996 ATP Tour, the elite tour for professional men's tennis organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals.

1996 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Mecca and the Soul Brother
Mecca and the Soul Brother is the 1992 debut album from hip-hop duo Pete Rock & CL Smooth. The album contains their best known song, "They Reminisce Over You (T.R.O.Y.)". Mecca and the Soul Brother has been widely acclaimed as one of the greatest hip hop albums of all time. The album was mostly produced by Pete Rock and executive produced by DJ Eddie F of Heavy D & the Boyz (co-group member with Trouble T-Roy).

Heavy D
Dwight Arrington Myers (May 24, 1967 – November 8, 2011), known professionally as Heavy D, was a Jamaican-American rapper, record producer, and actor. He was the leader of Heavy D & the Boyz, a group that included dancers/hype men G-Whiz (Glen Parrish) and "Trouble" T. Roy (Troy Dixon), as well as DJ and producer Eddie F (Edward Ferrell). The group maintained a sizeable audience in the United States through most of the 1990s. The five albums the group released included production mainly by Teddy Riley, Marley Marl, DJ Premier, Myers's cousin Pete Rock, and "in-house" beatmaker Eddie F. Myers also released four solo albums and discovered Soul for Real and Monifah.
Steve Carfino
Steve Carfino (born August 28, 1962) is an American former professional basketball player, who played for the University of Iowa in college basketball and later in the Australian National Basketball League. After retiring he became a television commentator, focusing on basketball, occasionally covering other sports.

National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.
Daniela Mogurean
Daniela Mogurean (born 16 July 2001) is a Moldovan rhythmic gymnast that represents Italy. She won Olympic bronze medals with the Italian group at the 2020 and 2024 Summer Olympics. She is a 2021 World champion in 3 hoops and 4 clubs and a 2022 World champion in 5 hoops. She also won two gold medals at the 2022 European Championships and one gold medal at the 2024 European Championships.

2021 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships
The 2021 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships were held from 27 to 31 October 2021 in Kitakyushu, Japan.

Dina Averina broke the record for the most medals won at the Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships with 22 total medals and also became the first gymnast to win four World all-around titles. Alina Harnasko won the gold medal in the ribbon, becoming the first non-Russian individual World Champion since 2013 and the first Belarusian individual World Champion since 1996. The Russian group won their fifth consecutive World all-around title.
Wim Soutaer
Wim Soutaer (born 1974) is a Belgian pop music singer. He place third in Idool 2003, the Belgian version of Pop Idol, and went on to achieve commercial success with his hit single "Allemaal" and his debut album Een Nieuw Begin, released by BMG Music.

Bertelsmann Music Group
Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG) was a division of a German media company Bertelsmann before its relaunch and completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Sony Corporation of America on 1 October 2008.

Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as RCA/Ariola International in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of RCA's RCA Records division and Bertelsmann's Ariola Records and its associated labels which include Arista Records. It consisted of the BMG Music Publishing company, the world's third largest music publisher and the world's largest independent music publisher and (since August 2004) the 50% share of the joint venture with Sony Music, which established the German American Sony BMG from 2004 to 2008.
AL 129-1
AL 129-1 is a fossilized knee joint of the species Australopithecus afarensis. It was discovered in Hadar, Ethiopia by Donald Johanson in November 1973.

It is estimated to be 3.4 million years old. Its characteristics include an elliptical Lateral condyle and an oblique femoral shaft like that found in humans, indicating bipedalism.

Donald Johanson
Donald Carl Johanson (born June 28, 1943) is an American paleoanthropologist. He is best known for discovering the fossil of a female hominin australopithecine known as "Lucy" in the Afar Triangle region of Hadar, Ethiopia.
Peng Weijun
Peng Weijun (Chinese: 彭伟军; born February 23, 1973) is a retired Chinese football player who is the younger brother of former Chinese international Peng Weiguo. In his career, he played for Happy Valley, Guangzhou Apollo, Shenzhen Jinpeng, Qingdao Jonoon and Shenyang Ginde before he retired, where he has since become a businessman.

Yunnan Hongta F.C.
Yunnan Hongta (Chinese: 云南红塔, lit. Yunnan Red Tower) was a football club who played in the Chinese Jia-A League who were founded by the Shenzhen Kinspar Group in 1996 and named Shenzhen Kinspar (Chinese: 深圳金鹏). The club predominantly played within the lower leagues until they were sold to the Yunnan Hongta Group, a tobacco producer who renamed the team Yunnan Hongta and moved the club to Kunming to play in the Tuodong Stadium. Yunnan Hongta would win promotion to the Chinese Jia-A League in the 1999 league season where they remained until Chongqing Lifan bought then merged the teams in 2003.
Willie Snow Ethridge
Willie Snow Ethridge (December 10, 1898 – December 14, 1982), born Willie Annette Snow, was an American columnist, author, and humorist. She wrote seventeen books on biography, travel, and history, primarily biographical memoirs including an Aristocracy of Achievement (1929), As I Live and Breathe (1937), and It's Greek to Me (1941). Her other works about topics such as labor, lynching, and life include the Mingled Yarn (1938) and Strange Fires (1971). In addition, she wrote several essays and columns for The Telegraph, Good Housekeeping, and the New Republic, among other newspapers and magazines.

The Telegraph (Macon, Georgia)
The Telegraph, frequently called The Macon Telegraph, is the primary print news organ in Middle Georgia. It is the third-largest newspaper in the State of Georgia (after the Atlanta Journal-Constitution and Augusta Chronicle). Founded in 1826, The Telegraph has undergone several name changes, mergers, and publishers. As of June 2006, the paper is owned by The McClatchy Company, a publicly traded American publishing company.
Emmy Bridgwater
Emma Frith Bridgwater (10 November 1906 – 13 March 1999), known as Emmy Bridgwater, was an English artist and poet associated with the Surrealist movement.

Based at times in both Birmingham and London, she was a significant member of the Birmingham Surrealists and of the London-based British Surrealist Group, and was an important link between the surrealists of the two cities.

Michel Remy, professor of art history at the University of Nice and author of Surrealism in Britain, describes her influence as "of the same importance to British surrealism as the arrival of Dalí in the ranks of the French surrealists".

British Surrealist Group
In May 1936, the first issue of the periodical Contemporary Poetry and Prose was published, a month before the International Surrealist Exhibition was held in London. It was edited by nineteen-year old Roger Roughton, who was a member of what he called the 'loosely-constituted English Surrealist group'. It was followed in April 1938, by the first issue of the London Bulletin which was edited by E.L.T. Mesens, who was one of the organizers of the exhibition.