hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glass Buttes
Glass Buttes are a group of volcanic mountains made up of two prominent peaks and several smaller hills.  They are located in the remote northeast corner of Lake County between Bend and Burns in central Oregon, United States.  Raising high above the high desert plain, the buttes are an important landmark in an area once known as the Oregon's Great Sandy Desert.  The buttes are named for the numerous large deposits of obsidian found on their slopes.  Today, most of the mountains and surrounding land are administered by the Bureau of Land Management.  The mountains offer a number of recreational opportunities including rock collecting, hiking, camping, and hunting.

Amateur geology
Amateur geology or rock collecting (also referred to as rockhounding in the United States and Canada) is the non-professional study and hobby of collecting rocks and minerals or fossil specimens from the natural environment. In Australia, New Zealand and Cornwall, the amateur geologists call this activity fossicking. The first amateur geologists were prospectors looking for valuable minerals and gemstones for commercial purposes. Eventually, however, more people have been drawn to amateur geology for recreational purposes, mainly for the beauty that rocks and minerals provide.
Silvino Soares
Silvino Gomes Soares (born 10 July 1978) is a former professional footballer who played as a forward, notably for  FC Zwolle in the Netherlands and K.V. Red Star Waasland in Belgium. Born in Portugal, he made three appearances for Cape Verde national team.

S.K. Beveren
Sportkring Beveren (SK Beveren) is a Belgian professional association football club based in Beveren, East Flanders. The club is affiliated with the founded number 4068 and has yellow and blue as its colours. The team was founded in 1936 in Haasdonk and joined the Belgian Football Association in 1944 as FC Red Star Haasdonk. In 2002, the club moved to Sint-Niklaas and changed its name to KV Red Star Waasland. From 2010, it continued to play in Beveren under the name KVRS Waasland - SK Beveren until 2022, when it was renamed Sportkring Beveren. They play in the Challenger Pro League.
Carlo Biado
Carlo Biado (born October 31, 1983) is a Filipino professional pool player known as "The Black Tiger". Biado is a multiple world champion, becoming the first-ever Filipino player to win World Nine-ball Championship twice (in 2017 and 2025) and the World Ten-ball Championship in 2024.

WPA World Nine-ball Championship
The WPA World Nine-ball Championship is an annual professional nine-ball pool tournament contested since 1990. The championship is sanctioned by the World Pool Association (WPA) and principally sponsored and organized by Matchroom Sport, who promote the event as the World Pool Championship.  The championship has men's, women's, youth and wheelchair divisions.
Nashville, Arkansas
Nashville is a city in Howard County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Nashville had a population of 4,153. The city is the county seat of Howard County.

Nashville is situated at the base of the Ouachita foothills and was once a major center of the peach trade in southwest Arkansas. Today the land is mostly given over to cattle and chicken farming. The world's largest dinosaur trackway was discovered near the town in 1983.

Murfreesboro, Arkansas
Murfreesboro is a city in and the county seat of Pike County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Murfreesboro had a population of 1,495. The Crater of Diamonds State Park is located approximately 1 mile southeast of the city.
Government of Cook County, Illinois
The government of Cook County, Illinois, is primarily composed of the Board of Commissioners, other elected officials such as the Sheriff, State's Attorney, Treasurer, Board of Review, Clerk, Assessor, Cook County Circuit Court judges and Circuit Court Clerk, as well as numerous other officers and entities. Cook County is the only home rule county in Illinois. The Cook County Code is the codification of Cook County's local ordinances.

Cook County State's Attorney
The Cook County State's Attorney is the chief prosecutor for Cook County, Illinois. The State's Attorney oversees the second-largest prosecutor's office in the United States, with over 600 attorneys and 1,200 employees. The office's responsibilities include directing Illinois criminal prosecutions in the county, filing legal actions to enforce child support orders, consumer protection, and assistance for victims of domestic violence.

The State's Attorney is elected for a term of four years. The current incumbent is Eileen O'Neill Burke, who was first elected in 2024.
Herb Magidson
Herbert A. Magidson (January 7, 1906 – January 2, 1986) was an American popular lyricist. His work was used in over 23 films and four Broadway revues. He won the first Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1934.

Academy Award for Best Original Song
The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given annually to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is presented to the songwriters who have composed the best original song written specifically for a film. The performers of a song are not credited with the Academy Award unless they contributed either to music, lyrics, or both in their own right. The songs that are nominated for this award are typically performed during the ceremony and before this award is presented.

The award category was introduced at the 7th Academy Awards, the ceremony honoring the best in film for 1934. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers, and the winners are chosen by the Academy membership as a whole. Fifteen songs are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Australia men's national squash team
The Australia Men's National Squash Team represents Australia in international squash team competitions, and is governed by Squash Australia.

Since 1967, Australia has won 8 World Squash Team Open titles. Their most recent title came in 2003.

Squash Australia
Squash Australia is the national organisation for squash in Australia, as recognised by the Professional Squash Association and the World Squash Federation. It was founded in 1934 and is based in Brisbane.[3] It organises and/or oversees many professional tournaments each year, along with many other official squash events.

Australian Squash is the leading Australian sport when compared by medals won against medals available at the Commonwealth Games. At the 2018 Commonwealth Games Australia won two gold medals and one bronze medal.

Robert Donaghue has been the CEO of Squash Australia since 25 January 2021.

In 2018 Squash Australia opened a new six-court centre at Carrara on the Gold Coast. The centre, now known as the National Squash Centre, hosted the 2019 World Doubles Championships, where Australia won 8 medals. The National Squash Centre will also host the 2021 World Doubles Championships.
Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845
The Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 18) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that standardised provisions and definitions relating to the purchase of land by the government in England and Wales and Ireland.

The act was passed to standardise how the government acquires private land for public projects and to ensure fair compensation for property owners.

The Land Clauses Consolidation (Scotland) Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 19) made similar provisions for Scotland.

As of 2025, the act remains in force in the United Kingdom.

Compulsory purchase laws in Scotland
Compulsory purchase are powers to obtain land in Scotland that were traditionally available to certain public bodies in Scots law. Scots law classifies compulsory purchase as an involuntary transfer of land, as the owner of the corporeal heritable property (land) does not consent to the transfer of ownership.

Compulsory purchase powers are similar, but not identical, to other jurisdictions who share similar concepts and similar terms. In contrast to other jurisdictions, compulsory purchase powers can be exercised by non-public bodies under the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003.
Rodelle Weintraub
Rodelle Selma Horwitz Weintraub (born April 29, 1933) is an American author, editor, professor, and public speaker. The focus of her career includes specializing in the works of George Bernard Shaw. She is the assistant editor of The Shaw Review. In 1982, the West Chester University of Pennsylvania the Weintraub Center for the Study of the Arts and Humanities was endowed by Weintraub and her husband, Stanley Weintraub. The center holds a collection of their books, papers and memorabilia. She was one of the founders of the Bellefonte–State College Jewish Community Center, established in 1955, which became known as Congregation Brit Shalom. In 1963, she was named as the president of the synagogue, which established her as the first woman in the US to head a Jewish congregation.

State College, Pennsylvania
State College is a borough and home rule municipality in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 40,501 at the 2020 census. It is a college town home to Penn State University Park, the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University.

State College is the largest borough in Pennsylvania by population. It is the principal borough of the six municipalities that make up the State College area, the largest settlement in Centre County, and one of the principal cities of the greater State College–DuBois combined statistical area which had 238,734 residents in 2020.
Coachwhip trevally
The coachwhip trevally (Carangichthys oblongus), also known as the oblong trevally or oblique-banded trevally, is a species of inshore marine fish classified in the jack family Carangidae. The coachwhip trevally is distributed through the Indo-west Pacific region, ranging from South Africa in the west to Fiji and Japan in the east. It is a moderately large fish, growing to a known maximum length of 46 cm and can be distinguished from similar species by an array of detailed morphological features including dentition, fin ray counts and scale patterns. The coachwhip trevally inhabits coastal waters throughout its range, known to prefer estuarine waters in a number of localities. Nothing is known of its diet or reproductive biology, and is of little importance to fisheries, occasionally taken as bycatch in trawl and hook and line fisheries.

Scale (zoology)
In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate made out of keratin that grows out of vertebrate animals' skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, made out of chitin instead of keratin, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times through convergent evolution, with varying structure and function.

Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. There are various types of scales according to the shape and class of an animal.
James Habersham
James Habersham (26 January 1712 – 28 August 1775) was an English-born American merchant, planter, missionary, teacher and politician who lived the majority of his life in the Province of Georgia. Habersham is credited with opening the first direct trade between Savannah, Georgia, and London. He was an influential advocate for slavery in the Thirteen Colonies and served as Secretary of Georgia and as President of the Georgia General Assembly's Upper House. In opposition to his adult sons, Habersham remained loyal to the Crown during the American Revolution.

All three of Habersham's sons became actively involved in the Patriot cause. Joseph Habersham became a zealous revolutionary in 1774. After July 1776, both he and brother John enlisted in the Georgia Line of the Continental Army, while James Jr. contributed to the revolution through political and financial service. The senior Habersham's death in 1775 prevented the painful family division from extending into the war years.

Lieutenant Governor of Georgia
The lieutenant governor of Georgia is a constitutional officer of the State of Georgia, elected to a four-year term by popular vote.  Unlike in some other U.S. states, the lieutenant governor is elected on a separate ticket from the governor of Georgia.

Constitutionally, the lieutenant governor's primary job is to serve as president of Georgia's Senate. In the case of incapacity of the governor, the lieutenant governor assumes their duties and power (but not the title).  Should the governor die or otherwise leave office, the lieutenant governor assumes the office for the remainder of the term.

The office of Lieutenant Governor was created by a state constitutional revision in 1945.  Prior to that time, Georgia did not have such an office.  Elected in 1946 (for a term to begin in 1947) Georgia's first lieutenant governor, Melvin E. Thompson became involved in the three governors controversy.

The current lieutenant governor of Georgia is Republican Burt Jones.
Benambra National Park
Benambra National Park is a protected national park that is located 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Albury, 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Culcairn, and 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Holbrook, New South Wales, in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia. The park is almost entirely surrounded by private land, however access can be gained by contacting the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service.

NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service
The National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) is a directorate of the New South Wales Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water that is responsible for managing more than 890 national parks and reserves, covering over 7.5 million hectares of land across the state of New South Wales, Australia. Despite its name, the NPWS is a state organisation, similar to other national park and wildlife agencies around Australia. However, the state and territory governments will often cooperate in areas of shared interest and concern.
Rudy Bears
Rudy Bears (born November 12, 1978) is an American former professional mixed martial artist, who competed in the Welterweight division. A professional competitor who started his career in 2007, Bears has formerly competed for Bellator, Strikeforce, Titan Fighting Championships and M-1 Global.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
Spinal locomotion
Spinal locomotion results from intricate dynamic interactions between a central program in lower thoracolumbar spine and proprioceptive feedback from body in the absence of central control by brain as in complete spinal cord injury (SCI). Following SCI, the spinal circuitry below the lesion site does not become silent; rather, it continues to maintain active and functional neuronal properties, although in a modified manner.

Central pattern generator
Central pattern generators (CPGs) are self-organizing biological neural circuits that produce rhythmic outputs in the absence of rhythmic input. They are the source of the tightly-coupled patterns of neural activity that drive rhythmic and stereotyped motor behaviors like walking, swimming, breathing, or chewing. The ability to function without input from higher brain areas still requires modulatory inputs, and their outputs are not fixed. Flexibility in response to sensory input is a fundamental quality of CPG-driven behavior. To be classified as a rhythmic generator, a CPG requires:

"two or more processes that interact such that each process sequentially increases and decreases, and

that, as a result of this interaction, the system repeatedly returns to its starting condition."

CPGs are found in humans and most other vertebrates, and in some invertebrates.
Pan-Finnicism
Pan-Finnicism (Finnish: panfennismi), also known as Pan-Fennicism or sometimes even referred to as Finno-Ugrism or even heimoaate (transl. "Kinship Ideology/Thought") is a pan-nationalist idea which advocates for the political or economic unification of the Finno-Ugric peoples. The idea is broad in its meaning and oftentimes it simply refers to the Finno-Ugric peoples, however on rare occasion it can be limited to only the Baltic Finnic peoples or to the Finnic peoples.

Finno-Ugric languages
Finno-Ugric (/ˌfɪnoʊˈjuːɡrɪk, -ˈuː-/) is a traditional linguistic grouping of all languages in the Uralic language family except for the Samoyedic languages. Its once commonly accepted status as a subfamily of Uralic is based on criteria formulated in the 19th century and is criticized by contemporary linguists such as Tapani Salminen and Ante Aikio. The three most spoken Uralic languages, Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian, are all included in Finno-Ugric.

The term Finno-Ugric, which originally referred to the entire family, is occasionally used as a synonym for the term Uralic, which includes the Samoyedic languages, as commonly happens when a language family is expanded with further discoveries. Before the 20th century, the language family might be referred to as Finnish, Ugric, Finno-Hungarian or with a variety of other names. The name Finno-Ugric came into general use in the late 19th or early 20th century.
Ta'Quan Zimmerman
Ta'Quan Zimmerman (born December 2, 1991) is an American professional basketball player. He signed with NCAA division 1 Long Island University (NEC) before finishing up his college career in Canada at Thompson Rivers University. After his time at Thompson Rivers University, Zimmerman entered the 2014 NBA draft. Zimmerman did not get drafted making him an unrestricted free agent, but then was later signed by NBA Utah Jazz. Zimmerman spent 2 years with their G-League team Salt Lake City Stars.

Salt Lake City Stars
The Salt Lake City Stars are an American minor-league basketball team. They are a member of the NBA G League, based in the Salt Lake City suburb of West Valley City, Utah, and are affiliated with the Utah Jazz. Their home arena is the Maverik Center. Before the 2016–17 season, they were based in Boise, Idaho, and were known as the Idaho Stampede.
Peinado
Peinado is a stratovolcano in Catamarca Province, Argentina. It consists of a volcanic cone with a summit crater, surrounded at its foot by lava flows erupted from flank vents. It began erupting about 100,000 years ago, with the last eruption about 36,800 years ago. Future eruptions are possible.

The volcano is part of the Andean Central Volcanic Zone and located within a cluster of calderas and large volcanoes, including the Laguna Amarga caldera just west of Peinado. The climate of the region is cold and dry, but may have been moister in the recent past. North of Peinado lies the salt lake Laguna Peinado.

Catamarca Province
Catamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kataˈmaɾka]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. The province had a population of 429,556 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], and covers an area of 102,602 km2. Its literacy rate is 95.5%. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise, from the north): Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, and La Rioja. To the west it borders the country of Chile.

The capital is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, usually shortened to Catamarca. Other important cities include Andalgalá, Tinogasta, and Belén.
Stephen Cole (broadcaster)
Stephen Joseph Samuel Cole (born 29 March 1954) is a British journalist, producer, news anchor and television presenter. He was the creative force behind BBC Click and its first host from 2000 to 2006. Cole was also part of the original launch lineup for Sky News in 1989, the revamped CNN International in 1995 and the launch of Al Jazeera English in 2006, as well as anchoring for BBC World News, from 1996-2006.

He is currently a non-executive director of communications agency Brazil.

CNN International
Cable News Network International or CNN International (CNNi, simply branded on-air as CNN) is an international television channel and website, owned by CNN Worldwide. CNN International carries news-related programming worldwide; it cooperates with sister network CNN's national and international news bureaus. Unlike its sister channel, CNN, a North American-only subscription service, CNN International is carried on a variety of TV platforms across the world, and broadcast from studios inside and outside the United States, in Atlanta, New York City, London, Mumbai, Hong Kong, and Abu Dhabi. In some countries, it is available as a free-to-air network. The service is aimed at the overseas market, similar to BBC News, France 24, CGTN, DW, RT, DD India, NHK World, TRT World or Al Jazeera English.
David Thompson (engineer)
David Allen Thompson is an American electrical engineer and inventor with a long career at IBM.  He is noted for his many contributions to magnetic recording technology. Thompson was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame for the invention and development of the thin-film inductive head and the magnetoresistive read head. These heads are now ubiquitous in all hard-disk drives and magnetic tape recorders.

Robert Fontana
Robert E Fontana is an engineer, physicist, and author who is noted for his contributions in the areas of magnetic recording and data storage on hard disk drives (HDD) and on digital tape recorders.  His work has concentrated on developing thin film processing techniques for nano-fabrication of magnetic devices including Giant Magnetoresistance read heads now used universally in magnetic recording. Much of his career was with IBM in San Jose, California. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and a member of the National Academy of Engineering.
Prince of Foxes (film)
Prince of Foxes is a 1949 American historical adventure film adapted from Samuel Shellabarger's novel Prince of Foxes.  The movie starred Tyrone Power as Orsini and Orson Welles as Cesare Borgia. It was nominated for two Oscars during the 22nd Academy Awards: Best Black and White Cinematography (Leon Shamroy) and Best Costume Design, Black and White (Vittorio Nino Novarese).

Academy Award for Best Costume Design
The Academy Award for Best Costume Design is one of the Academy Awards presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) for achievement in film costume design.

The award was first given in 1949, for films made in 1948. Initially, separate award categories were established for black-and-white films and color films. Since the merger of the two categories in 1967, the Academy has traditionally avoided giving out the award to films with a contemporary setting.
Tektōn
The Ancient Greek noun tektōn (τέκτων) is a common term for an artisan or craftsman, in particular a carpenter, woodworker, or builder. The term is frequently contrasted with an ironworker, or smith (χαλκεύς) and stone-worker or mason (λιθολόγος, λαξευτής).

Construction worker
A construction worker is a person employed in the physical construction of the built environment and its infrastructure. The term is used to cover a wide range of roles and tasks during all phases of a construction projects.
Forgery Act 1830
The Forgery Act 1830 (11 Geo. 4 & 1 Will. 4. c. 66) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated for England and Wales all legislation imposing the death penalty for forgery (except for counterfeiting coins) into one act.

Criminal Law Act 1827
The Criminal Law Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 28) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, applicable only to England and Wales. The act abolished many obsolete procedural devices in English criminal law, particularly the benefit of clergy.

The act was one of Peel's Acts which consolidated, repealed and replaced a large number of existing statutes. The enactments replaced by the act were repealed by the Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 27).

Similar provisions were made for Ireland by the Criminal Law (Ireland) Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 54) and for India by the Criminal Law (India) Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 74).