hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oliver Simmonds
Sir Oliver Edwin Simmonds, FRAeS (22 November 1897 – 26 July 1985) was a British aviation pioneer, aircraft engineer and Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Duddeston from 1931 to 1945.

Birmingham Duddeston
Birmingham Duddeston was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1950. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first-past-the-post system of election.
2015 Yuen Long protest
The 2015 Yuen Long protest, also known as Liberate Yuen Long or Recover Yuen Long (Chinese: 光復元朗) by the protesters, was part of a series of anti–parallel trading protests in North District, Hong Kong that took place on 1 March 2015 in Yuen Long. It was mainly organised by political parties Civic Passion, Hong Kong Indigenous and other grassroots groups. The protesters rallied against the practice of parallel trading; the act of buying goods at cheaper prices in Hong Kong, especially in Yuen Long, and selling them in mainland China for profit.

Civic Passion
Civic Passion was a radical, populist, localist, and nativist political party in Hong Kong. Founded by Wong Yeung-tat as an activist group in 2012, it held strong localist views and opposed the involvement of the Chinese government in the governance of Hong Kong. In the 2016 Legislative Council election, the Civic Passion formed an electoral alliance with Wong Yuk-man's Proletariat Political Institute and Chin Wan's Hong Kong Resurgence Order. Cheng Chung-tai became the only candidate of the alliance elected to the legislature and subsequently took over as the leader of the Civic Passion. After the election, Cheng reorganised the group into a political party and pulled out from the social activism. From December 2020 to August 2021, it was the only opposition party in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.
Pauline Braddy
Pauline Braddy Williams (February 14, 1922 – January 28, 1996) was an American jazz drummer. She drummed with the International Sweethearts of Rhythm, an integrated, all-female swing band, from 1939 to 1955. An African-American, she was known as "Queen of the Drums".

International Sweethearts of Rhythm
The International Sweethearts of Rhythm was an American jazz ensemble, believed to be the first racially-integrated all-female band in the United States.

During the 1940s, the band featured some of the best female musicians of the day. They played swing and jazz on a national circuit that included the Apollo Theater in New York City, the Regal Theater in Chicago, and the Howard Theater in Washington, D.C. After a performance in Chicago in 1943, the Chicago Defender announced the band was "one of the hottest stage shows that ever raised the roof of the theater!" They have been labeled "the most prominent and probably best female aggregation of the Big Band era". During feminist movements of the 1960s and 1970s in America, the International Sweethearts of Rhythm became popular with feminist writers and musicologists who wanted to highlight previously-overlooked contributions from female musicians.
Ambient 1: Music for Airports
Ambient 1: Music for Airports is a studio album by the English musician Brian Eno. It was released in February 1979 through E.G. Records and Polydor Records. It was the first Eno album released under the label of ambient music, a genre intended to "induce calm and a space to think" while remaining "as ignorable as it is interesting". While not Eno's earliest entry in the style, it is credited with coining the term.

The album consists of four compositions created by layering tape loops of differing lengths, and was designed to be continuously looped as a sound installation, with the intent of defusing the anxious atmosphere of an airport terminal as an alternative to "canned" Muzak and easy listening styles. The album was the first of four albums released in Eno's Ambient series, which concluded with 1982's Ambient 4: On Land.

In 2004, Rolling Stone credited Music for Airports with defining the ambient genre. In 2016, Pitchfork ranked it the greatest ambient album of all time.

Easy listening
Easy listening (including mood music) is a popular music genre and radio format that was most popular during the 1950s to the 1970s. It is related to middle of the road (MOR) music and encompasses instrumental recordings of standards, hit songs, non-rock vocals and instrumental covers of selected popular rock songs. It mostly concentrates on music that pre-dates the rock and roll era, characteristically on music from the 1940s and 1950s. It was differentiated from the mostly instrumental beautiful music format by its variety of styles, including a percentage of vocals, arrangements and tempos to fit various parts of the broadcast day.

Easy listening music is often confused with lounge music, but while it was popular in some of the same venues it was meant to be listened to for enjoyment rather than as background sound.
Geography of Svalbard
Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean roughly centered on 78° north latitude and 20° east longitude. It constitutes the northernmost territory of the Kingdom of Norway. The three main islands in the group consist of Spitsbergen (the largest island), Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya.  There are also a number of smaller islands, such as Barents Island (Barentsøya) (1,288 km2 (497 sq mi)), Kvitøya (682 km2 (263 sq mi)), Prins Karls Forland (English: Prince Charles Foreland) (615 km2 (237 sq mi)), Kongsøya (191 km2 (74 sq mi)), Bear Island (178 km2 (69 sq mi)), Svenskøya (137 km2 (53 sq mi)), Wilhelm Island (120 km2 (46 sq mi)) and other smaller islands or skerries (621 km2 (240 sq mi)).

Nordaustlandet
Nordaustlandet (Anglicised as North East Land) is the second-largest island in the archipelago of Svalbard, Norway, with an area of 14,443 square kilometres (5,576 sq mi). It lies north east of Spitsbergen, separated by Hinlopen Strait. Much of Nordaustlandet lies under large ice caps, mainly Austfonna and Vestfonna, the remaining parts of the north being tundra inhabited by reindeer and walruses. The island is uninhabited and lies entirely within Nordaust-Svalbard Nature Reserve.
Keith Hanley
Keith Hanley (born 15 August 1993) is an Irish singer from Charleville, County Cork and the winner of The Voice of Ireland series 2 on 28 April 2013. Hanley's coach on the show was R&B singer Jamelia who was making her debut season on the show. He won a recording contract with Universal Music after he performed his winning song "Beggin'". He also performed 'Jigsaw' with Ryan Sheridan that night.

Beggin'
"Beggin'" is a song composed by Bob Gaudio and Peggy Farina and first released as a single by American band the Four Seasons in 1967. Initially charting at number 16 on the US Billboard chart, the song became popular in the Northern soul scene in the United Kingdom in the 1970s. It has been covered multiple times, with versions by Norwegian hip-hop duo Madcon and Italian rock band Måneskin topping music charts in Europe and beyond. The Four Seasons' version was remixed in 2007 by French DJ Pilooski and re-released as a single, reaching number 32 on the UK Singles Chart, commercially outperforming the band's original release in the UK.
Pseudolepraria
Pseudolepraria is a fungal genus in the family Ramalinaceae. It comprises the single species Pseudolepraria stephaniana, a corticolous (bark-dwelling) leprose lichen found only in lowland tropical forests of Bolivia. First described as Lepraria stephaniana in 2010, the species was reclassified into its own genus in 2023 after molecular studies revealed its distinct phylogenetic position. The lichen is characterised by its thick, powdery, green-grey to creamy-white thallus lacking defined edges, and is notable for containing the rare compound 4-O-methylleprolomin. Unlike related Bolivian Lepraria species that occur at higher elevations, P. stephaniana is found only at altitudes between 300 and 470 metres above sea level in transitional zones between Chaco and Amazon rainforest types.

Tropical forest
Tropical forests are forested ecoregions with tropical climates – that is, land areas approximately bounded by the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.

Some tropical forest types are difficult to categorize. While forests in temperate areas are readily categorized on the basis of tree canopy density, such schemes do not work well in tropical forests. There is no single scheme that defines what a forest is, in tropical regions or elsewhere. Because of these difficulties, information on the extent of tropical forests varies between sources. However, tropical forests are extensive, making up just under half the world's forests. The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world's forests (45 percent), followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.

More than 3.6 million hectares of virgin tropical forest was lost in 2018.
The Fix (song)
"The Fix" is a song by American rapper Nelly featuring American singer Jeremih. The track is produced by DJ Mustard and Mike Free and interpolates Marvin Gaye's 1982 hit song "Sexual Healing". The song came to fruition as a result of Nelly and DJ Mustard having the same publisher, who made sure all references to the interpolation contained within "The Fix" were cleared before it was released.

Sexual Healing
"Sexual Healing" is a song recorded by American singer Marvin Gaye from his seventeenth and final studio album, Midnight Love (1982). It was his first single since his exit from his long-term record label Motown earlier in the year, following the release of the In Our Lifetime (1981) album the previous year. It peaked at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 (Gaye's final top 10 hit) and is listed at number 198 on Rolling Stone's list of 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. "Sexual Healing" is written and composed in the key of E-flat major and is set in time signature of 4/4 with a tempo of 94 beats per minute.
Stephanie Kwolek
Stephanie Louise Kwolek (/ˈkwoʊlɛk/; July 31, 1923 – June 18, 2014) was an American chemist known for inventing Kevlar (poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide). Her career at the DuPont company spanned more than 40 years.

For her discovery, Kwolek was awarded the DuPont company's Lavoisier Medal for outstanding technical achievement. As of August 2019, she was the only female employee to have received that honor. In 1995 she became the fourth woman to be added to the National Inventors Hall of Fame.  Kwolek won numerous awards for her work in polymer chemistry, including the National Medal of Technology, the IRI Achievement Award and the Perkin Medal.

Perkin Medal
The Perkin Medal is an award given annually by the Society of Chemical Industry (American Section) to a scientist residing in The United States for an "innovation in applied chemistry resulting in outstanding commercial development." It is considered the highest honor given in the US chemical industry.

The Perkin Medal was first awarded in 1906 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the discovery of mauveine, the world's first synthetic aniline dye, by Sir William Henry Perkin, an English chemist. The award was given to Sir William on the occasion of his visit to the United States in the year before he died. It was next given in 1908 and has been given every year since then.
Leo Buring
Hermann Paul Leopold Büring (7 October 1876 – 29 September 1961), generally known as Leo Buring, was an Australian wine maker and merchant. He is commemorated at Roseworthy Agricultural College in the Leo Buring gold medal for dux of the oenology course.

Roseworthy College
Roseworthy Agricultural College was an agricultural college in Australia. It was 50 km (31 mi) north of Adelaide and 7 km (4.3 mi) west of Roseworthy town. It was the first agricultural college in Australia, established in 1883. It is now part of the University of Adelaide.
2021 Kremlin Cup
The 2021 Kremlin Cup (also known as the 2021 VTB Kremlin Cup for sponsorship reasons) was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 31st edition of the Kremlin Cup for the men and the 25th edition for the women. The tournament was part of the ATP 250 series of the 2021 ATP Tour, and of the WTA 500 series of the 2021 WTA Tour. It was held at the Irina Viner-Usmanova Gymnastics Palace and the Luzhniki Palace of Sports in Moscow, Russia, from 18 October through 24 October 2021.

Kremlin Cup
The Kremlin Cup (Russian: Кубок Кремля, romanized: Kubok Kremlya) is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts, which has been suspended indefinitely since 2022. It was part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the ATP Tour and was a Premier Tournament on the WTA Tour. It was held annually at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia from 1990 to 2018. In 2019, the Olympic Stadium underwent a reconstruction lasting two years. The 2019 edition of the tournament was held at the Ice Palace Krylatskoye. In 2021, the Kremlin Cup was played at the Irina Viner-Usmanova Gymnastics Palace and the Luzhniki Palace of Sports.

Until 2007, it was held on a carpet surface. It was then held on RuKortHard surface until 2015. Since 2016 the tournament has been held on TPSurface.

In light of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) suspended the tournament indefinitely.
First Ya Gotta Shake the Gate
First Ya Gotta Shake the Gate is the fourteenth and final studio album by American funk rock band Funkadelic. The album was released by the C Kunspyruhzy in 2014 and consists of newly recorded material.

The album consists of 3 discs comprising 33 tracks in total, which has been explained to mirror the 33 years that had elapsed since Funkadelic's last official album release in 1981, The Electric Spanking of War Babies. Like most of the Funkadelic catalog, the album features cover artwork by artist Pedro Bell.

Pedro Bell
Pedro Bell (June 11, 1950 – August 27, 2019) was an American artist and illustrator, best known for his elaborate album cover designs and other artwork for numerous Funkadelic and George Clinton solo albums. Bell also wrote many of the liner notes of the records under the name Sir Lleb (his surname spelled backwards).: 22  The liner notes contributed to P-Funk's literary mythology: 238  — a sampling of his contributions include "Thumpasaurus", "Funkapus", "Queen Freakalene", "Bop Gun", and "Zone of Zero Funkativity". Bell's work was preceded and partially inspired by Sun Ra and was a precursor to the modern graphic novel and the Afro-punk movement.
Llyn Cerrig Bach Plaque
Llyn Cerrig Bach Plaque (Welsh: Cilgant Llyn Cerrig Bach) is a bronze plaque that dates from 200BC to AD100 in the Iron Age, found at Llyn Cerrig Bach.

The plaque is a decorative sheet bronze mount of insular La Tène design which may have been used to decorate a shield.

Llyn Cerrig Bach
Llyn Cerrig Bach is a small lake located between Rhosneigr and Valley in the west of Anglesey, Wales.

Whilst it is not one of the largest lakes on the island (around 1.8 acres), its claim to fame is the group of over 150 Iron Age metal objects discovered there in 1942, apparently placed in the lake as votive offerings. These finds are considered to be one of the most important collections of La Tène style metalwork, or Early Celtic art discovered in the British Isles, and the most important in Wales.
Sheila Armstrong (tennis)
Sheila Armstrong (1939–1979) was a British tennis player. She became Sheila Brown after marriage.

Born in 1939, Armstrong grew up around Manchester, where her father worked as a bank manager. The family lived in the town of Droylsden before they moved to Didsbury to be close to the Northern Lawn Tennis Club. She attended Manchester Girls High School. In 1955 she claimed the junior singles title at Wimbledon. The following year, Armstrong won the junior doubles event with Lorraine Coghlan during the 1956 Australian Championships.

Armstrong earned a place on the British Wightman Cup team in 1957, playing doubles with Shirley Broomer. She made the singles fourth round at Wimbledon in 1957 and reached the quarter-finals of the women's doubles in 1960 partnering Deidre Catt. In 1960, her final year touring, she won several titles on the French Riviera tennis circuit.

Lorraine Coghlan
Lorraine Coghlan Robinson (née Coghlan; born 23 September 1937) is a former tennis player from the state of Victoria in Australia. In 1956, she won the Australian Championships Girls' Singles title. Coghlan teamed with Bob Howe to win the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon in 1958. Coghlan and Howe were also the runners-up in mixed doubles at the 1958 French Championships.

At the Australian Championships, Coghlan was the singles runner-up in 1958, losing to Angela Mortimer 6–3, 6–4, and was a runner-up in women's doubles in 1958, 1959, 1960, and 1967.

Coghlan married John Robinson on 19 December 1959.
Sammy Brooks (footballer)
Samuel Ernest Brooks (28 March 1890 – 13 January 1960) was an English footballer who spent the majority of his career with Wolverhampton Wanderers. He played for the club in the 1921 FA Cup final. After 13 years with Wolves, he joined Tottenham Hotspur in 1922. He later played for Southend United, Cradley Heath, and Kidderminster Harriers, before retiring in 1927.

Cradley Heath F.C.
Cradley Heath F.C. was an English association football club based in Cradley Heath in the Black Country. Between 1922 and 1961, the club competed in the Birmingham & District League, one of the country's strongest semi-professional leagues, and won the league championship in the 1925–26, 1930–31 and 1931–32 seasons.  The club also competed in the FA Cup on a regular basis.

A new Cradley Heath F.C. competed briefly in the Midland Football Combination in the 1990s but it had no connection to the original Cradley Heath club.
Carl White
Carl White is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders, played by Daniel Coonan. He first appears in the 4660th episode, originally broadcast in the United Kingdom on 20 June 2013. Carl is the ex-fiancé of Kirsty Branning (Kierston Wareing), and his storylines include tracking down cash owed to him by Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) – which Ian Beale (Adam Woodyatt) has used to open a restaurant; trying to win Kirsty back; a relationship with Roxy Mitchell (Rita Simons); his feuds with Roxy's cousin Phil (Steve McFadden) and Derek's brother Max (Jake Wood); blackmailing Ian for money; and developing a conflict with Roxy's sister Ronnie (Samantha Womack) that ultimately results in his downfall. He became the show's main antagonist up until his death on 1 January 2014. The character was axed in September 2013 and departed in the episode first broadcast in the UK on 1 January 2014, a joint broadcast of episodes 4775 and 4776, after being killed by Ronnie.

Jake Wood
Jake Dylan Wood (born 12 July 1972) is a British actor and podcaster from Westminster, known for his role as Max Branning in the BBC soap opera EastEnders. He has also made guest appearances in series including Only Fools and Horses and Red Dwarf. In 2014, Wood competed on BBC's Strictly Come Dancing alongside professional dancer Janette Manrara. In the United States, he is known as the voice of the GEICO gecko in a series of television adverts for the American insurance company GEICO. In 2018, he began co-hosting Pound for Pound, a boxing podcast with Spencer Oliver.
William Kingston Flesher
William Kingston Flesher (June 10, 1825 – July 22, 1907) was a settler of southwestern Ontario, a militia officer, businessman and political figure. As well as founding the village of Flesherton, he represented the riding of Grey East in the House of Commons of Canada as a Conservative member from 1872 to 1878.

Grey East (federal electoral district)
Grey East was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1872 to 1917. It was located in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1872 from parts of Grey North and Grey South ridings.

In 1872, the County of Grey was divided into three ridings: Grey North, Grey East and Grey South.

The East Riding consisted of the Townships of Proton, Melancthon, Osprey, Artemisia, Collingwood, Euphrasia and St. Vincent. In 1882, the riding was redefined to exclude the township or Artemesia, and include the village of Shelburne and the town of Meaford.

In 1903, The east riding was redefined to consist of the townships of Artemesia, Collingwood, Euphrasia, Holland, Osprey and Proton, the town of Thornbury, and the villages of Dundalk and Markdale.

The electoral district was abolished in 1914 when it was redistributed between Grey North and Grey Southeast ridings.
Howard Jachter
Howard (Chaim) Jachter is an American Orthodox rabbi, Dayan (rabbinical court judge), educator, and author. He sits on the Beth Din of Elizabeth, New Jersey as a Dayan and Get (Jewish divorce) administrator. Noted as an expert on the laws of Jewish divorce, he also chairs the Agunah Prevention and Resolution Committee of the Rabbinical Council of America. Rabbi Jachter is also the consulting rabbi for over 70 Eruvs across the United States. He serves as the Rabbi of Sha'arei Orah, the Sephardic Congregation of Teaneck, and is a faculty member at the Torah Academy of Bergen County (TABC).  Author of twenty books and over one thousand online and journal articles, he writes and lectures extensively on contemporary topics in Jewish law and thought. He has five children.

Joseph B. Soloveitchik
Joseph Ber Soloveitchik (Hebrew: יוסף דב הלוי סולובייצ׳יק Yosef Dov ha-Levi Soloveychik; February 27, 1903 – April 9, 1993) was a major American Orthodox rabbi, Talmudist, and modern Jewish philosopher. He was a scion of the Lithuanian Jewish Soloveitchik rabbinic dynasty.

As a rosh yeshiva of Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary (RIETS) at Yeshiva University in New York City, The Rav, as he was known, ordained close to 2,000 rabbis over the course of almost half a century. Some Rabbinic literature, such as sefer Shiurei Ha-Grid, refers to him as Ha-Grid (הגרי״ד), an acronym for "The Gaon Rabbi Yosef Dov".

He is regarded as a seminal figure by Modern Orthodox Judaism and served as a guide and role-model for tens of thousands of Jews, both as a Talmudic scholar and as a religious leader.
Sesh Chithi
Sesh Chithi is a 2018 Bengali drama film directed by Tanmoy Roy for D.Sudhir Productions. The music is directed by Sudhir Dutta. The film is about a handful of cunning family members who plan to take over a Zamindar bari after the death of the patriarch. Soumitra Chatterjee was felicitated on the sets for receiving Légion d'honneur. Soumitra Chatterjee and Lily Chakravarty will be seen in the film after the great success of Posto.

Posto (film)
Posto (Here, a name for the child character of film. Meaning: Poppy Seeds) is a 2017 Bengali Family drama film directed by Nandita Roy and Shiboprosad Mukherjee. The film features Soumitra Chatterjee, Jisshu Sengupta and Mimi Chakraborty. The film was released on 12 May 2017 in 100 theatres across West Bengal, India and overseas (United States, Canada, Japan, Dubai, United Kingdom, Netherlands) on the same day. The film received critical acclaim as it portrayed the relationships in a very subtle way. The film was remade in Hindi language by the same director-duo Nandita Roy and Shiboprosad Mukherjee named Shastry Virudh Shastry (2023) which was released on 3 November 2023.