hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Inverse condemnation
Inverse condemnation is a legal concept and cause of action used by property owners when a governmental entity takes an action which damages or decreases the value of private property without obtaining ownership of the property through the use of eminent domain. Thus, unlike the typical eminent domain case, the property owner is the plaintiff and not the defendant.

In the United States of America, inverse condemnation actions are filed against the federal government pursuant to the Takings Clause of the 5th Amendment to the United States Constitution, and against state governments under that clause or similar clauses found in most state constitutions.

Eminent domain in the United States
In the United States, eminent domain is the power of a state or the federal government to take private property for public use while requiring just compensation to be given to the original owner. It can be legislatively delegated by the state to municipalities, government subdivisions, or even to private persons or corporations, when they are authorized to exercise the functions of public character.

Property taken by eminent domain may be for government use or by delegation to third parties, who will devote it to public or civic use or, in some cases, to economic development. The most common uses are for government buildings and other facilities, public utilities, highways and railroads. However, it may also be taken for reasons of public safety, as in the case of Centralia, Pennsylvania, where land was taken due to an underground mine fire. Some jurisdictions require that the condemnor make an offer to purchase the subject property before resorting to the use of eminent domain.
Mann's World
Mann's World is the debut studio album by American rapper Mann, released through Def Jam Recordings, Beluga Heights and Mercury Records on August 2, 2011. The album was preceded by the singles "Text", "Buzzin'" and "The Mack" which were released in April and October 2010, and in May 2011, respectively.

Return of the Mack
"Return of the Mack" is a song written and recorded by British R&B singer-songwriter Mark Morrison, released by WEA and Atlantic Records as the third single from his debut album by the same name (1996). The song was produced by Morrison with Phil Chill and Cutfather & Joe, and received positive reviews from music critics. It topped the UK Singles Chart a month after its release, then became a European and Australian hit. In the United States, it reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Morrison’s highest charting hit in the US, and went platinum. The accompanying music video was directed by Jake Nava, featuring Morrison performing in an underground club. It was released in the United Kingdom in March 1996 and in the United States in February 1997. Billboard magazine featured "Return of the Mack" in their lists of "Billboard's Top Songs of the '90s" and "500 Best Pop Songs of All Time" in 2019 and 2023.
Campion Hall, Oxford
Campion Hall is one of the four permanent private halls of the University of Oxford in England. A Catholic hall, it is run by the Society of Jesus and named after Edmund Campion, a martyr and fellow of St John's College, Oxford. The hall is located on Brewer Street, between Christ Church and Pembroke College. The buildings, along with many of the fixtures and fittings, were designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, his only buildings in Oxford. The hall also houses an extensive collection of religious art spanning 600 years; the pieces were collected primarily by Fr Martin D'Arcy in the 1930s.

St John's College, Oxford
St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Founded as a men's college in 1555, it has been coeducational since 1979. Its founder, Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary.

St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with assets worth over £790 million as of 2022, largely due to nineteenth-century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord.

The college occupies a site on St Giles' and in 2024 had a student body of 419 undergraduates and 244 postgraduates. There are over 100 academic staff, and a like number of other staff. In 2018 St John's topped the Norrington Table, the annual ranking of Oxford colleges' final results, and in 2021, St John's ranked second with a score of 79.8.
Bras du Nord (Sainte-Anne River tributary)
The Bras du Nord is a tributary of the Sainte-Anne River flowing in the town of Saint-Raymond, in the MRC of Portneuf, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, in Canada.

The Bras du Nord is mainly served by the rang Saguenay road which runs on the east bank of the river.

The main economic activities in the sector are forestry and recreational tourism activities.

The surface of the North Arm (except the rapids zones) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, but the safe circulation on the ice is generally made from the end of December to the beginning of March.

Portneuf Regional County Municipality
Portneuf (French pronunciation: [pɔʁnœf]) is a regional county municipality (RCM) in the Capitale-Nationale administrative region of Quebec, Canada. RCM of Portneuf has been established on January 1, 1982. It is composed of 21 municipalities: nine cities, seven municipalities, two parishes and three unorganized territories. The county seat is located in Cap-Santé.
Peng Peiyun
Peng Peiyun (Chinese: 彭珮云; 25 December 1929 – 21 December 2025) was a People's Republic of China politician who was head of China's National Population and Family Planning Commission from 1988 to 1998.

National Population and Family Planning Commission
The National Population and Family Planning Commission (NPFPC; 2003–2013), formerly the National Family Planning Commission (NFPC; 1981–2003), was a cabinet-level executive department under the State Council, responsible for population and family planning policy in the People's Republic of China. The commission was dissolved and superseded by the National Health and Family Planning Commission in March 2013, during the first session of the 12th National People's Congress.

The agency was managed by a minister and four vice ministers.
Coupe du Monde Cycliste Féminine de Montréal
The Coupe du Monde Cycliste Féminine de Montréal (English: Women's Cycling World Cup of Montreal, or simply Montreal World Cup) was an elite women's professional road bicycle racing event held annually between 1998 and 2009 in Montréal, Quebec, Canada as part of the UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup season. The race used a hilly circuit around Mount Royal, similar to that used at the 1974 UCI Road World Championships, 1976 Summer Olympics and other races.

In 2010, the race was cancelled, with organisers blaming the creation of two new men's races – Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal and Grand Prix Cycliste de Québec – that made finding sponsorship impossible.

In 2024, organisers of the Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal noted that they wished to stage a women's race in future, potentially as part of the UCI Women's World Tour.

1974 UCI Road World Championships
The 1974 UCI Road World Championships took place on 25 August 1974 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

The Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal and the 1976 Summer Olympics follows a similar course to this World Championship. It was the 47th edition of the tournament and the first to be hosted outside Europe.

In the same period, the 1974 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were also organized in Montréal.
Tomoki Nojiri
Tomoki Nojiri (野尻智紀, Nojiri Tomoki; born 15 September 1989) is a Japanese racing driver who currently competes as a Honda factory driver in Super GT for ARTA and in Super Formula for Team Mugen, where he won the championship title in 2021 and 2022.

Autobacs Racing Team Aguri
Autobacs Racing Team Aguri (ARTA) is a joint racing project formed between former F1 driver Aguri Suzuki and Autobacs in 1997. The team's original name was "ARTA F1 Project," but due to trademark claims based on the usage of the word "F1", the name has since been shortened to "ARTA". ARTA was the 2007 Super GT GT500 series champion in both the drivers' and team championship.
Cerameis
Cerameis or Kerameis (Ancient Greek: Κεραμεῖς) was a deme of ancient Attica, located in the center of Athens, northeast of the Dipylon Gate, which extended both inside and outside the city walls. In its territory lay an important necropolis.

Dipylon
The Dipylon (Greek: Δίπυλον, "Two-Gated") was the main gate in the city wall of Classical Athens. Located in the modern suburb of Kerameikos, it led to the namesake ancient cemetery, and to the roads connecting Athens with the rest of Greece. The gate was of major ceremonial significance as the starting point of the procession of the Great Panathenaea, and accordingly it was a large, monumental structure, "the largest gate of the ancient world". Erected in 478 BC as part of Themistocles' fortification of Athens and rebuilt in the 300s BC, it remained standing and in use until the 3rd century AD.
José Cerviño Cerviño
José Cerviño Cerviño, (August 21, 1920 – April 18, 2012) was a Spanish prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.

Cerviño was born in Aldán, Spain, and was ordained a priest on April 6, 1946, from the Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela. Cerviño was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela as well as titular bishop of  Benepota on June 4, 1968, and ordained bishop on July 28, 1968. On November 8, 1976, Cerviño was appointed bishop of the Diocese of Tui-Vigo where he would serve until his retirement on June 7, 1996.

Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela
The Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela (Latin: Archidioecesis Compostellana) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Spain. It is the most senior of the five districts into which the church divides the region of Galicia.

The seat of the archdiocese is the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, dedicated to the Apostle James.
Petter Furuseth
Petter Furuseth (born 14 August 1978) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder in the top-flight in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. He used to be known as Petter Furuseth Olsen. Furuseth represented Norway at youth international level.

Furuseth started his career in the local club Eik-Tønsberg, before he played for Brann, Örebro, Hammarby, Stabæk, Viborg and FC Midtjylland. Furuseth announced his retirement from football in August 2008, but made a comeback five months later in Lyn. He later had spell with Swedish clubs Assyriska and Hammarby, before he returned to Norway where he has been playing and coaching at amateur level.

Örebro SK
Örebro Sportklubb, more commonly known as Örebro SK, Örebro or (especially locally) ÖSK, is a Swedish professional football club based in Örebro. The club are affiliated to Örebro Läns Fotbollförbund and play their home games at Behrn Arena. The club colours are white shirts and black shorts, leading to the nickname Svartvitt (black-whites). Formed on 28 October 1908 the club have played 50 seasons in Sweden's highest football league Allsvenskan, the club's first season in the league was in 1946–47.
1996 United States presidential debates
The 1996 United States presidential debates were a series of debates held during the 1996 presidential election.

The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD), a bipartisan organization formed in 1987, organized three debates among the major party candidates, sponsored two presidential debates and one vice presidential debate. Only Democratic nominee Bill Clinton and Republican nominee Bob Dole met the criteria for inclusion in the debates, and thus were the only two to appear in the debates sponsored by the Commission on Presidential Debates. The CPD-sponsored vice presidential debate took place between their respective vice presidential running mates, Al Gore and Jack Kemp.

Commission on Presidential Debates
The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD) is a nonprofit corporation established in 1987 under the joint sponsorship of the Democratic and Republican political parties in the United States. The CPD sponsors and produces debates for U.S. presidential and vice-presidential candidates and undertakes research and educational activities relating to the debates. Between 1988 and 2020, the CPD organized all general election presidential debates.

In 2024, the campaigns of the major-party presumptive presidential candidates, Democratic incumbent Joe Biden and Republican former president Donald Trump, circumvented the CPD and committed to two debates outside the CPD's purview. When Vice President Kamala Harris replaced Biden as the Democratic nominee after the first debate, she and Trump maintained the commitment to the second debate outside the CPD's purview.
Teodora Krajewska
Teodora Krajewska (née Kosmowska, Germanized as Theodora; 1854–1935) was a Polish physician, writer and teacher active in Austria-Hungary.

In her youth, Krajewska worked in schools and wrote novels. She surprised her family by moving to Switzerland to study medicine in 1883. In 1892, she was hired by the authorities of Austria-Hungary to work as a public health official in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One of the first women to practice medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Austria-Hungary, Krajewska mainly treated Bosnian Muslim women, whom she regarded as susceptible to particular health problems. Krajewska wrote detailed notes about the state of women and Muslim customs. These writings, published in 1989, reveal the patronizing attitude towards Muslims that was common for the era. Krajewska stayed in Bosnia after the collapse of Austria-Hungary but the loss of eyesight forced her to retire in 1922. In 1928, she moved back to Warsaw, a decision she regretted, where she died.

Women in medicine
The presence of women in medicine, particularly in the practicing fields of surgery and as physicians, has been traced to the earliest of history. Women have historically had lower participation levels in medical fields compared to men with occupancy rates varying by race, socioeconomic status, and geography.

Women's informal practice of medicine in roles such as caregivers, or as allied health professionals, has been widespread. Since the start of the 20th century, most countries of the world provide women with access to medical education. Not all countries ensure equal employment opportunities, and gender equality has yet to be achieved within medical specialties and around the world.
Terrestrial cable
A terrestrial cable is a communications cable which crosses land, rather than water. Terrestrial cable may be subterranean (buried) or aerial (suspended from poles), and may be fiber or copper. The term "terrestrial cable" is principally used to distinguish it from submarine cable, although some overlap exists between the two.

Major terrestrial cable systems include the Europe-Persia Express Gateway and the family of Eurasia terrestrial cable networks.

Aerial cable
An aerial cable or air cable is an insulated cable usually containing all conductors required for an electrical distribution system (typically using aerial bundled cables) or a telecommunication line, which is suspended between utility poles or electricity pylons. As aerial cables are completely insulated there is no danger of electric shock when touching them and there is no requirement for mounting them with insulators on pylons and poles.
A further advantage is they require less right of way than overhead lines for the same reason. They can be designed as shielded cables for telecommunication purposes. If the cable falls, it may still operate if its insulation is not damaged.

As aerial cables are installed on pylons or poles, they may be cheaper to install than underground cables, as no work for digging is required, which can be very expensive in rocky areas.
George Beach
George Beach (born (1926-10-04)October 4, 1926-2016) was a professional ice hockey centre who played in the English National League and its successor, the British National League, during the 1940s and 1950s.

English National League
The English National League was an early ice hockey league in England.  It was founded in 1935 by most of the teams who had previously competed in the English League.  It was suspended during the Second World War, but returned in 1946.  In 1954 the league merged with the Scottish National League to form the British National League.
Oat beta-glucan
Oat β-glucans are water-soluble β-glucans derived from the endosperm of oat kernels known for their dietary contribution as components of soluble fiber. Due to their property to lower serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, oat β-glucans have been assigned a qualified health claim by the European Food Safety Authority and the US Food and Drug Administration.

European Food Safety Authority
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is the agency of the European Union (EU) that provides independent scientific advice and communicates on existing and emerging risks associated with the food chain. EFSA was established in February 2002 in Parma, Italy. It had a yearly budget of €118.6 million, and a total staff of 542 as of 2021.

The work of EFSA covers all matters with a direct or indirect impact on food and feed safety, including animal health and welfare, plant protection and plant health and nutrition. EFSA supports the European Commission, the European Parliament and EU member states in taking effective and timely risk management decisions that ensure the protection of the health of European consumers and the safety of the food and feed chain. EFSA also communicates to the public in an open and transparent way on all matters within its remit.
Darrell Baker Jr.
Darrell Megail Baker Jr. (born March 27, 1998) is a Panamanian-American professional football cornerback for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). Born in Panama City, he grew up in Hephzibah, Georgia, and played college football for the Georgia Southern Eagles. He was signed by the Arizona Cardinals as an undrafted free agent in 2022.

Georgia Southern Eagles football
The Georgia Southern Eagles football program represents Georgia Southern University in football as part of the Sun Belt Conference. The current head coach is Clay Helton. The Eagles have won six FCS (I-AA) national championships and have produced two Walter Payton Award winners. Georgia Southern first continuously fielded a football team in 1924, but play was suspended for World War II and did not return until 1981. The Eagles competed as an FCS independent from 1984 to 1992 and as a member of the Southern Conference from 1993 to 2013, winning 10 SoCon championships. In 2014, Georgia Southern moved to the FBS level and joined the Sun Belt Conference, winning the conference championship outright in its first year. Georgia Southern's main Sun Belt rivals are Appalachian State and Georgia State.
Jamie Pinzino
Jamie Pinzino (born c. 1975) is an American baseball coach and former third baseman, who is the current pitching coach of the East Tennessee State Buccaneer. He played college baseball at Tufts for coach John Casey from 1994 to 1997. Pinzino then served as the head baseball coach for the Assumption Greyhounds (2005), Bryant Bulldogs (2006–2010) and William & Mary (2013), in which the Tribe made the NCAA tournament.

Assumption Greyhounds
The Assumption Greyhounds are the athletic sports teams for Assumption University. They are a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, Division II. The Greyhounds are a member of the Northeast-10 Conference (NE-10) and the New England Women's Hockey Alliance (NEWHA), one of the five conferences that compete at the NCAA's National Collegiate level (the effective equivalent of Division I) in women's ice hockey. Assumption joined the NEWHA for administrative purposes in 2022 in advance of its first season of varsity women's hockey in 2023–24.
Lingkod ng Mamamayan ng Valenzuela City
Lingkod ng Mamamayan ng Valenzuela City (lit. transl. Servant for Citizens of Valenzuela City), also known as team BTS or Bagong direksyon sa Tamang Serbisyo (lit. transl. New direction for Right Service) is a local party in Valenzuela City, in the Philippines, headed by former Valenzuela's 2nd district representative Magi Gunigundo.

LINKOD participated on 2022 Valenzuela local elections headed by Bombit Bernardo who ran for mayoralty but he lost against his rival Wes Gatchalian. Magi Gunigundo seek for another term as Valenzuela's 2nd district representative but lost against his rival incumbent Valenzuela's 2nd district representative Eric Martinez. Neither of the members won the local election.

On 2022 Philippine general election, there was a party-list called BTS or Bayaning Tsuper (lit. transl. Hero Driver) party-list which is not associated to this political party. However, BTS party-list failed to win any congressional seat.

Valenzuela's 2nd congressional district
Valenzuela's 2nd congressional district is one of the two congressional districts of the Philippines in the city of Valenzuela. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 2001. The district was created following Valenzuela's conversion into a highly urbanised city through Republic Act No. 8526 on February 14, 1998. It consists of nine barangays in the southern part of the city, namely Bagbaguin, General T. de Leon, Karuhatan, Mapulang Lupa, Marulas, Maysan, Parada, Paso de Blas, and Ugong. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Gerald Cloyd Alexis D.V. Galang of the Lakas–CMD.
Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia is an endocrine disorder that is an uncommon and potentially lethal form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). It arises from defects in the earliest stages of steroid hormone synthesis: the transport of cholesterol into the mitochondria and the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone—the first step in the synthesis of all steroid hormones. Lipoid CAH causes mineralocorticoid deficiency in affected infants and children. Male infants are severely undervirilized causing their external genitalia to look feminine. The adrenals are large and filled with lipid globules derived from cholesterol.

Steroid hormone
A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone. Steroid hormones can be grouped into two classes: corticosteroids (typically made in the adrenal cortex, hence cortico-) and sex steroids (typically made in the gonads or placenta). Within those two classes are five types according to the receptors to which they bind: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids (both corticosteroids) and androgens, estrogens, and progestogens (sex steroids). Vitamin D derivatives are a sixth closely related hormone system with homologous receptors. They have some of the characteristics of true steroids as receptor ligands.

Steroid hormones help control metabolism, inflammation, immune functions, salt and water balance, development of sexual characteristics, and the ability to withstand injury and illness. The term steroid describes both hormones produced by the body and artificially produced medications that duplicate the action for the naturally occurring steroids.