hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pinnacle Mountain (South Carolina)
Pinnacle Mountain is the tallest mountain contained entirely within the state of South Carolina (the state's highest point, Sassafras Mountain, is partially in North Carolina). It is located within Table Rock State Park in Pickens County, South Carolina. The summit of the mountain is accessible by hiking trails, the shortest of which is 4.2 miles one-way and begins at the Table Rock State Park Nature Center.

Pinnacle Mountain is typical of the southern Appalachians. It's mainly an eroded mountain of gentler slopes with a summit completely cloaked, principally in poplar, oaks, and other hardwoods. There is some very steep forest terrain on the eastern side of the peak, Bald Rock, where there are some cliffs and slopes.

In the late 1990s, some 600 plus prehistoric petroglyphs were discovered at Pinnacle Mountain. The petroglyphs, believed to be created by the Hopewell culture, pre-date the Cherokees and are believed to be between 1,500 and 3,500 years old.

Sassafras Mountain
Sassafras Mountain is the highest point in the state of South Carolina, United States. It is in the Blue Ridge Mountains, part of the Appalachian Mountains. An observation tower opened on top of Sassafras Mountain in 2019.
Anna Dresden-Polak
Anna "Ans" Dresden-Polak (née Anna Polak) (24 November 1906 – 23 July 1943) was a Jewish Dutch gymnast.

She won the gold medal as a member of the Dutch gymnastics team at the 1928 Summer Olympics, in her native Amsterdam. She was one of five Jewish members of the team, which included Stella Blits-Agsteribbe (who was murdered in Auschwitz), Lea Kloot-Nordheim (who was murdered in Sobibor), and Judikje Themans-Simons (who was murdered in Sobibor). Their coach, Gerrit Kleerekoper, was murdered in Sobibor as well.

She was born in Amsterdam, and was murdered in Sobibor extermination camp. From Westerbork concentration camp, she had been deported to Sobibór, where she was murdered on 23 July 1943, together with her six-year-old daughter Eva.  Her husband, Barend Dresden was murdered a few months later in 1944 in Auschwitz concentration camp.

She was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1997.

Jud Simons
Judikje "Jud" Simons (20 August 1904 – 20 March 1943) was a Dutch Jewish gymnast who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics.

In 1928 she was chosen as a reserve member of the Dutch gymnastics team and won the gold medal with her teammates. The team was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1997.

She was born in The Hague and was murdered in Sobibor extermination camp together with her husband Bernard, their five-year-old daughter Sonja and their three-year-old son Leon.
Liam Henderson (footballer, born August 1996)
Liam Henderson (born 23 August 1996) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a Central Defender for Scottish Premiership club Falkirk.

Starting in the Hearts Academy in 2014, Henderson was released in 2016 and subsequently played for Falkirk, Stenhousemuir, Cowdenbeath, Edinburgh City and Arbroath before returning to Falkirk in 2022.

Arbroath F.C.
Arbroath Football Club is a semi-professional Scottish football club based in the town of Arbroath, Angus. They currently play in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded in 1878 and plays home matches at Gayfield Park. They play in maroon strips and are nicknamed "The Red Lichties" due to the red light that used to guide fishing boats back from the North Sea to the Burgh's harbour. The Red Lichties share a long-standing and fierce rivalry with local neighbours Montrose, as well as with fellow local sides Forfar Athletic and Brechin City.
Z Carinae
Z Carinae and z Carinae are designations referring to stars in the constellation Carina.

The Bayer designation z Carinae (z Car) is shared by two stars in the constellation Carina, separated by 0.53° on the sky:

HD 96566 (z1 Carinae), the brighter of the pair, often referred to as simply z Carinae

V371 Carinae (z2 Carinae)

The variable star designation Z Carinae is assigned to the star HD 88946, a Mira variable of 10th-magnitude at its brightest.

HD 96566
HD 96566 is a single star in the southern constellation of Carina. It has the Bayer designation z1 Carinae; HD 96566 is the identifier from the Henry Draper Catalogue. This object has a yellow hue and is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.62. The star is located at a distance of approximately 383 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −1 km/s. It has an absolute magnitude of −0.81.

This is an aging G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G7.5III, which indicates it has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core then cooled and expanded off the main sequence. It has an estimated 3.7 times the mass of the Sun and has grown to 21 times the Sun's radius. The metallicity, or abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium, is about the same as in the Sun. It is radiating about 242 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,913 K.
Lucia Stafford
Lucia Stafford (born August 17, 1998) is a Canadian athlete specializing in middle-distance running.  She is the 2017 Pan American U20 champion in the women's 1500 metres, and competed for Canada at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Stafford is the North American indoor record holder for the 1000 metres.

1000 metres
The 1000 metres, 1 kilometre run, or 1K run is an uncommon middle-distance running event in track and field competitions. It consists of two and a half laps around an outdoor 400 m track, or five laps around an indoor 200 m track.

The 1000 yards, an imperial alternative, was sometimes also contested.
Ludovic Szakács
Ludovic Szakács (also known as Ludovic Szakács II; 30 October 1935 – 31 August 1998) was a Romanian professional footballer and manager of Hungarian ethnicity. He grew up in Șimleu Silvaniei, then moved to Progresul Oradea in 1964. After Progresul, he moved to Dinamo Brașov, then to Dinamo București, where he played only 6 matches. In the second part of his career, Szakács II played for Crișana Oradea, Crișul Oradea and Olimpia Oradea in over 200 matches at the level of Divizia A, Divizia B and Divizia C.

His brother, Iosif Szakács (also known as Iosif Szakács I) was also a footballer. Szakács brothers played together for Dinamo Orașul Stalin, Dinamo București, Crișana Oradea and Olimpia Oradea.

Ludovic Szakács II died in August 1998 and a moment of silence was held before the match between FC Bihor and Dacia Pitești.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Macklin Celebrini
Macklin Celebrini (born June 13, 2006) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a centre and alternate captain for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He played college hockey for the Boston University Terriers. During his freshman season he won the Hobey Baker Award, becoming the youngest player to win the award. Celebrini was selected first overall by the Sharks in the 2024 NHL entry draft, and went on to finish as a finalist for the Calder Memorial Trophy as the league's best rookie.

Internationally, Celebrini has represented Canada multiple times, competing in the 2024 World Junior Championships, the 2025 IIHF World Championship, and the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan–Cortina, among others.

Nathan MacKinnon
Nathan Raymond MacKinnon (born September 1, 1995) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a centre and alternate captain for the Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League (NHL). MacKinnon was selected first overall by the Avalanche in the 2013 NHL entry draft.

MacKinnon won the Stanley Cup with the Avalanche in 2022. Individually, MacKinnon has been awarded the Calder Memorial Trophy as top rookie, the Lady Byng Memorial Trophy for sportsmanship and performance, and in 2023–24 season the Hart Memorial Trophy and the Ted Lindsay Award as the league's most valuable player. He is widely regarded as one of the best ice hockey players of his generation.
MIX NYC
MIX NYC is a not-for-profit organization based in New York City dedicated to queer experimental film. It is also known as the "MIX festival," for its most visible program, the annual week-long New York Queer Experimental Film Festival (NYQEFF), which has featured early works by filmmakers such as Christine Vachon, Todd Haynes, Isaac Julien, Thomas Allen Harris, Barbara Hammer, Juan Carlos Zaldivar, Jonathan Caouette, Jennie Livingston, Gus Van Sant, and Matthew Mishory.

Barbara Hammer
Barbara Jean Hammer (May 15, 1939 – March 16, 2019) was an American feminist film director, producer, writer, and cinematographer. She is known for being one of the pioneers of the lesbian film genre, and her career spanned over 50 years. Hammer is known for having created experimental films dealing with women's issues such as gender roles, lesbian relationships, coping with aging, and family life. She resided in New York City and Kerhonkson, New York, and taught each summer at the European Graduate School.
Gunnar Thorson
Gunnar Axel Wright Thorson (31 December 1906 – 25 January 1971) was a Danish marine zoologist and ecologist, who studied at the University of Copenhagen under the professors C.G. Johannes Petersen, August Krogh, Theodor Mortensen, Ragnar Spärck and Carl Wesenberg-Lund. In 1957, Thorson was appointed professor of marine biology at the University of Copenhagen.

Thorson studied planktonic larvae of marine benthic invertebrates. He conceived the idea that in the Tropics, benthos tend to produce large numbers of eggs developing into pelagic and widely dispersing larvae, whereas at higher latitudes they tend to produce fewer and larger eggs and offspring. This idea was later coined Thorson's rule.

Thorson participated in the Three-year Expedition to East Greenland led by Lauge Koch. He founded the Marine Biological Laboratory under the University of Copenhagen and was a professor there 1958–1968.

The icebreaker HDMS Gunnar Thorson was named after him.

Carl Wesenberg-Lund
Carl Jørgen Wesenberg-Lund (December 22, 1867 – November 12, 1955), D.Phil, professor of limnology 1922-1939 at the University of Copenhagen, was a Danish zoologist and freshwater ecologist. He was a pioneer in Danish nature conservation early in the 20th century. He was a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters from 1918. He was a member of many foreign academies and learned societies, e.g. honorary fellow of the Royal Society in London, corresponding member of the Zoological Society of London and of the Quekett Microscopical Club in London. He became honorary doctor at Uppsala University in 1932 and Commander 1st Degree of the Order of the Dannebrog.
Alligator meat
Alligator meat is the meat from alligators that is for consumption. In the United States, alligator meat is commonly eaten, where it is regarded as a delicacy and staple in local cuisines both historically and in modern times. Alligator eggs can also be consumed. Alligator meat is high in protein and low in fat, and has a mild flavor and firm texture.

In the United States, gator meat is available for consumer purchase in specialty food stores, some grocery stores, and can also be mail ordered.

Eggs as food
Humans and other hominids have consumed eggs for millions of years. The most widely consumed eggs are those of fowl, especially chickens. People in Southeast Asia began harvesting chicken eggs for food by 1500 BCE. Eggs of other birds, such as ducks and ostriches, are eaten regularly but much less commonly than those of chickens. People may also eat the eggs of reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Fish eggs consumed as food are known as roe or caviar.

Hens and other egg-laying creatures are raised throughout the world, and mass production of chicken eggs is a global industry. In 2009, an estimated 62.1 million metric tons of eggs were produced worldwide from a total laying flock of approximately 6.4 billion hens. There are issues of regional variation in demand and expectation, as well as current debates concerning methods of mass production. In 2012, the European Union banned battery husbandry of chickens.
Goodwin Island
Goodwin Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is located at the confluence of Hudson Strait and the Labrador Sea.

The island, a member of the Button Islands, is situated west-northwest of Lacy Island. It has a peak of 178 m (584 ft).

Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Erhardt Island, King Island, Lawson Island, MacColl Island, and Observation Island.

Erhardt Island
Erhardt Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is located at the confluence of Hudson Strait and the Labrador Sea. The island has an elevation of 107 m (351 ft) above sea level.

It is a member of the Button Islands and is situated 1.5 mi (2.4 km) west of MacColl Island. Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Clark Island, King Island, Lawson Island, Leading Island, and Observation Island.
Kevin Verdugo
Kevin Verdugo (born September 16, 1968) is an American former college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Fort Hays State University in Hays, Kansas from 2005 to 2010, compiling a record of 18–47. Verdugo was the head football coach at Fort Scott Community College in Fort Scott, Kansas from 2001 to 2003, tallying a mark of 9–18.

Fort Scott Community College
Fort Scott Community College is a public community college in Fort Scott, Kansas. It has satellite buildings in other cities in Crawford County, including Pittsburg and Frontenac, along with sites in Paola and at the Hillsdale Learning Center.
International Space Orchestra
The International Space Orchestra (ISO) is a team of space scientists from the NASA Ames Research Center,  SETI Institute (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence), Singularity University, and the International Space University.

The International Space Orchestra was created, assembled and is currently directed by designer of experiences and director Nelly Ben Hayoun. The musical director of ISO is the two-time Grammy award winner, violinist and composer, Evan Price. The International Space Orchestra collaborated with Kid Cudi, The Avalanches, Sigur Rós, Savages, The Prodigy, Beck, Bobby Womack, Damon Albarn, Maywa Denki, Bruce Sterling and Penguin Café in a musical collaboration that took music into space.

Members of the International Space Orchestra include /Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer NASA Flight Director Rusty Hunt, NASA Ames Research Center Deputy Director Lewis S. G. Braxton III and NASA astronaut Yvonne Cagle.

Bobby Womack
Robert Dwayne Womack (/ˈwoʊmæk/ WOH-mak; March 4, 1944 – June 27, 2014) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. Starting in the early 1950s as the lead singer of his family musical group the Valentinos and as Sam Cooke's backing guitarist, Womack's career spanned more than 60 years and multiple styles, including R&B, blues, doo-wop, gospel, funk, and soul.

Womack was a prolific songwriter who wrote and originally recorded "It's All Over Now" with his brothers, the Valentinos (a song that later became the Rolling Stones' first UK number one hit) and New Birth's "I Can Understand It". As a singer, he is most notable for the hits "Lookin' for a Love", "That's the Way I Feel About Cha", "Woman's Gotta Have It", "Harry Hippie", "Across 110th Street", and his 1980s hits "If You Think You're Lonely Now" and "I Wish He Didn't Trust Me So Much".

In 2009, Womack was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2025.
Gray Matter (film)
Gray Matter is a 2023 American science fiction thriller drama film written by Philip Gelatt, directed by Meko Winbush and starring Mia Isaac, Jessica Frances Dukes and Garret Dillahunt.  It is Winbush's feature directorial debut.

Mia Isaac
Mia Wei-Ming Isaac (born May 25, 2004) is an American actress who made her debut in the 2019 TV movie Lovestruck, followed by her performances in Not Okay and Don't Make Me Go and the Hulu miniseries Black Cake, which earned praise from critics.
Sherry Pie
Joseph "Joey" Gugliemelli, best known by the stage name Sherry Pie, is an American drag performer most known for being disqualified from the twelfth season of RuPaul's Drag Race.

Following multiple revelations of sexual misconduct, Sherry Pie was disqualified from the show and mostly edited out of the American broadcast; initial overseas screenings retained the original edit. Sherry originally placed as one of the top four queens of the season, alongside Gigi Goode, Crystal Methyd, and Jaida Essence Hall but due to her disqualification did not participate in the finale.

Jaida Essence Hall
Jared Johnson (born December 9, 1988), best known by the stage name Jaida Essence Hall, is an American drag queen and reality television personality best known for winning the twelfth season of RuPaul's Drag Race, and later returning to compete on the seventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars, an all-winners season. Since her season aired in 2020, Hall has been a staple of several domestic and international tours that feature Drag Race contestants, including Werq the World, A Drag Queen Christmas, and Drive 'N Drag. In October 2020, Johnson was a featured performer in Rihanna's Savage X Fenty Fashion Show Vol. 2.
South African law of sale
The South African law of sale is an area of the legal system in that country that describes rules applicable to a contract of sale (or, to be more specific, purchase and sale, or emptio venditio), generally described as a contract whereby one person agrees to deliver to another the free possession of a thing in return for a price in money.

South African contract law
South African contract law is a modernised form of Roman-Dutch law rooted in canon and Roman legal traditions. It governs agreements between two or more parties who intend to create legally enforceable obligations. This legal framework supports private enterprise in South Africa by ensuring agreements are upheld and, if necessary, enforced, while promoting fair dealing. Influenced by English law and shaped by the Constitution of South Africa, contract law balances freedom of contract with public policy considerations, such as fairness and constitutional values.
Battle of Buni Yadi
On May 26, 2014, militants from Boko Haram attacked the town of Buni Yadi, Yobe State, Nigeria, capturing it after a brief battle with Nigerian forces. The capture of the city occurred three months after the massacre in February, where over 59 people were killed at a high school in the city.

February 2014 Buni Yadi massacre
On 25 February 2014, fifty-nine boys were killed at the Federal Government College of Buni Yadi in Yobe State, Nigeria. The twenty-four buildings of the school were also burned down as a result of the attack. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack, but according to media and local officials the Islamist militants Boko Haram are believed to be behind the attack.
Cochlear nucleus
The cochlear nucleus (CN) or cochlear nuclear complex comprises two cranial nerve nuclei in the human brainstem, the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) and the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN).  
The ventral cochlear nucleus is unlayered whereas the dorsal cochlear nucleus is layered.  Auditory nerve fibers, fibers that travel through the auditory nerve (also known as the cochlear nerve or eighth cranial nerve) carry information from the inner ear, the cochlea, on the same side of the head, to the nerve root in the ventral cochlear nucleus.  
At the nerve root the fibers branch to innervate the ventral cochlear nucleus and the deep layer of the dorsal cochlear nucleus.  All acoustic information thus enters the brain through the cochlear nuclei, where the processing of acoustic information begins. The outputs from the cochlear nuclei are received in higher regions of the auditory brainstem.

Trapezoid body
The trapezoid body or ventral acoustic stria is a structure in the pontine tegmentum formed by the crossing-over (decussation) of a portion of the efferent second-order fibers of the ventral cochlear nucleus (anterior cochlear nucleus). After decussating, some of these fibres proceed to ascend in the contralateral lateral lemniscus to reach and terminate in the dorsal nucleus of lateral lemniscus, and inferior colliculus.: 383

The trapezoid body is part of the auditory pathway. It is one of three distinct decussating second-order efferent fiber pathways of the cochlear nuclei (the other two being the dorsal acoustic striae, and intermediate acoustic striae).: 383  Not all efferents of the cochlear nuclei decussate though; the partial decussation of the cochear nuclei afferents is thought to be functionally important for sound localization.
Sergei Karev
Sergei Anatolyevich Karev (Russian: Сергей Анатольевич Карев, born 31 March 1986) is a Russian retired pair skater. With former partner Arina Ushakova, he is the 2005 Golden Spin of Zagreb silver medalist and 2007 Winter Universiade bronze medalist. They placed 5th at the 2008 European Championships.

2008 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2008 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2007–08 season. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The event was held from January 21 through 27, 2008 at Dom Sportova in Zagreb, Croatia.
Stanisław Antoni Potocki
Count Stanisław Antoni Potocki (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈtɔt͡skʲi], 1837–1884) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic) and landowner.

Stanisław was owner of Rymanów-Zdrój and Olszyce estates. He married Anna Zofia Działyńska on 7 February 1866 in Kórnik. They had several children together: Jan Nepomucen Potocki, Józef Marian Potocki, Piotr Potocki, Piotr II Potocki, Maria Potocka, Paweł Potocki, Cecylia Maria Potocka, Dominik Potocki and Antoni Tytus Potocki.

Jan Nepomucen Potocki
Count Jan Nepomucen Potocki (1867–1943) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic) and social activist who served as a member of the Imperial Council and the Sejm of Galicia. Jan was owner of Rymanów Zdrój estates. He was married to Róża Maria Wodzicka on 30 June 1892 in Kraków, and to Maria Szajer on 14 October 1905 in Przemyśl.
O Mapa da Mina
O Mapa da Mina is a Brazilian telenovela produced and aired by TV Globo from 29 March to 3 September 1993, in 137 episodes.

Written by Cassiano Gabus Mendes, with the collaboration of Maria Adelaide Amaral, Gugu Keller, Walkíria Portero and Dejair Cardoso, the telenovela was directed by Roberto Naar and Flávio Colatrello Jr.

Carla Marins, Cássio Gabus Mendes, Luís Gustavo, Mauro Mendonça, Malu Mader, Tato Gabus Mendes and Pedro Paulo Rangel star in the main roles.

Mauro Mendonça
Mauro Mendonça (born April 2, 1931) is a Brazilian actor. Born in Ubá, he started his career in 1955 in the Teatro Brasileiro de Comédia. He debuted in the 1963 TV Excelsior telenovela Corações em Conflito. He went on to act on Rede Record and TV Tupi before moving to Rede Globo in 1973, where he continues to practice acting.

He has been married to actress Rosamaria Murtinho since 1959, and has three children: director Mauro Mendonça Filho, actor Rodrigo Mendonça, and musical producer João Paulo Mendonça. He also has five grandchildren: Vitória, Anna, Pedro, Sofia and Januária.