hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bolko II of Ziębice
Bolko II of Ziębice (Polish: Bolko II Ziębicki; 1 February 1300 – 11 June 1341) was a Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice in Poland from 1301 to 1312 (with his brothers as co-rulers), of Świdnica-Ziębice from 1312 to 1322 (with his brother as co-ruler), and sole Duke of Ziębice from 1322 until his death.

He was the fourth son of Bolko I the Strict, Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice, by his wife Beatrix, daughter of Otto V the Long, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel. He was named after his eldest brother Bolko, who died on 30 January 1300, just two days before his birth.

Ziębice
Ziębice [ʑɛmˈbit͡sɛ] (German: Münsterberg) is a town in Ząbkowice Śląskie County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Ziębice.

As of 2019, the town has a population of 8,708.
Passage of the Grande Honnelle
The Passage of the Grande Honnelle was a battle between troops of the British First and Third Armies and German Empire forces during the Hundred Days Offensive of the First World War.  The action took place in and around the Belgian municipality of Honnelles, between 5 and 7 November 1918.

General Horne’s objective was to cross the French border into Belgium and forge a passage through the parallel rivers of the Grand Honnelle and Petite Honnelle, moving the battlefront towards the line between Mons on the left and Aulnois on the right.

Honnelles
Honnelles (French pronunciation: [ɔnɛl]; Picard: Onele) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

The name comes from the two rivers which cross the municipality, Grande Honnelle and Petite Honnelle.

On 1 January 2006 Honnelles had a total population of 4,998. The total area is 43.65 km2 which gives a population density of 114 inhabitants per km2.

Honnelles is located 18 kilometres (11 mi) southwest of Mons, 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) east of the French city Valenciennes, 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Charleroi and 72 kilometres (45 mi) southwest of Brussels.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Angre, Angreau, Athis, Autreppe (town centre), Erquennes, Fayt-le-Franc, Marchipont, Montignies-sur-Roc, Onnezies and Roisin.
Mike Tipton
Mike Tipton MBE is  Professor of Human & Applied Physiology at the Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport, Health & Exercise Science at the University of Portsmouth. He is also editor-in-chief of Experimental Physiology.

Experimental Physiology
Experimental Physiology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Physiological Society. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2020 impact factor is 2.969  It covers all areas of physiology, especially work that deals with both physiological and pathophysiological questions that investigate gene/protein function using molecular, cellular, and whole-animal approaches. All articles become freely accessible 12 months after publication. The editor-in-chief is Damian Bailey.

The journal publishes themed special issues. An annual prize is awarded to an early-career scientist who authors the best eligible paper in the journal.
Burning of the Ottoman flagship off Chios
The burning of the Ottoman flagship off Chios took place on the night of 18 June 1822. The event, occurring during the Greek War of Independence, was done in reprisal for the Chios massacre which occurred two months earlier. Two Greek fire ships set fire to Mansur al-liwa, an 84-gun Ottoman ship of the line, which subsequently blew up. Approximately 2,000 Ottoman Navy personnel were killed, among them Kapudan Pasha Nasuhzade Ali Pasha.

Nasuhzade Ali Pasha
Nasuhzade Ali Pasha (Turkish: Nasuhzade Ali Paşa), commonly known as Kara Ali Pasha (Greek: Καρά Αλή Πασάς), was an Albanian admiral of the Ottoman navy during the early stages of the Greek War of Independence. In 1821, as second-in-command of the Ottoman navy, he succeeded in resupplying the isolated Ottoman fortresses in the Peloponnese, while his subordinate Ismael Gibraltar destroyed Galaxeidi. Promoted to Kapudan Pasha (commander-in-chief of the navy), and led the suppression of the revolt in Chios and the ensuing Chios massacre in April 1822. He was killed when a fireship captained by Konstantinos Kanaris blew up his flagship in Chios harbour on the night of 18/19 June 1822.
Berts bryderier
Berts bryderier (Swedish: Bert's perplexities) is a diary novel written by Anders Jacobsson and Sören Olsson and originally published in 1995.

The novel tells the story of Bert Ljung from 25 December to 13 February during the Christmas break and spring term of the 9th grade at school in Sweden.

Academic year
An academic year, or school year, is a period that schools, colleges and universities use to measure the duration of studies for a given educational level. Academic years are often divided into academic terms. Students attend classes and do relevant exams and homework during this time, which comprises school days (days when there is education) and school holidays (when there is a break from education). The duration of school days, holidays and school year varies across the world. The days in the school year depend on the state or country. For example, in most of the US states, there are 180 days in a school year, but in the US state of Minnesota there are 165 days in the year.
1949 Challenge Desgrange-Colombo
The 1949 Challenge Desgrange-Colombo was the second edition of the Challenge Desgrange-Colombo. It included ten races: all nine races from the 1948 edition were retained and the Tour de Suisse added. The competition was won by Fausto Coppi of the Bianchi–Ursus who won four of the ten rounds: Milan–San Remo, the Giro d'Italia, the Tour de France and the Giro di Lombardia.

1949 Giro d'Italia
The 1949 Giro d'Italia was the 32nd Giro d'Italia, organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 21 May in Palermo with a stage that stretched 261 km (162 mi) to Catania, finishing in Monza on 12 June after a 267 km (166 mi) stage and a total distance covered of 4,088 km (2,540 mi). The race was won by Fausto Coppi of the Bianchi team, with fellow Italians Gino Bartali and Giordano Cottur coming in second and third respectively.

Coppi won the overall by way of the memorable 17th stage (from Cuneo to Pinerolo), in which he escaped from the group and climbed alone the Maddalena Pass, the Col de Vars, the Col d'Izoard, the Col de Montgenèvre and the Sestriere Pass, arriving in Pinerolo 11'52" ahead of Bartali, his tenacious antagonist during those years.
Adam Buckley
Adam Christian Buckley (born 2 August 1979) is an English former professional footballer. He played as a midfielder from 1996 to 2013.

Buckley played as a professional in the Football League for Grimsby Town and Lincoln City between 1998 and 2003, after coming through the youth ranks at West Bromwich Albion. He then forged a career in non-league football and has played for Brigg Town, Harrowby United, Stamford, Spalding United, Bourne Town, Lincoln Moorlands Railway, Sleaford Town, Nettleham and Gainsborough Town.

Bourne Town F.C.
Bourne Town Football Club is a football club based in Bourne, Lincolnshire, England. Affiliated to the Lincolnshire Football Association, they are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One Midlands and play at Abbey Lawn.
Kerfuś
Kerfuś (Polish: [ˈkɛr.fuɕ]) is a mascot of the Carrefour store chain in Poland, in the form of an autonomous delivery robot distributing snacks, with the face of a cartoon cat. The mascot was introduced in stores in Warsaw, Poland, in 2022, as an advertisement campaign in the collaboration between Carrefour and PepsiCo. Since then, it has become a viral phenomenon and an internet meme.

Autonomous robot
An autonomous robot is a robot that acts without recourse to human control. Historic examples include space probes. Modern examples include self-driving vacuums and cars.

Industrial robot arms that work on assembly lines inside factories may also be considered autonomous robots, though their autonomy is restricted due to a highly structured environment and their inability to locomote.
Ringo (sport)
Ringo is a net sport originating in Poland. Played between two teams (of one to three people) on a court whose size resembles that of volleyball, players throw a rubber ring attempting to land it in the other team's half-court.

The game is contested at regional and national competitions in Poland and by the Polish diaspora at the biennial Summer World Polonia Games.

Polish diaspora
The Polish diaspora comprises Poles and people of Polish heritage or origin who live outside Poland. The Polish diaspora is also known in modern Polish as Polonia, the name for Poland in Latin and many Romance languages.

There are roughly 20,000,000 people of Polish ancestry living outside Poland, making the Polish diaspora one of the largest in the world and one of the most widely dispersed. Reasons for displacement include border shifts, forced expulsions, resettlement by voluntary and forced exile, and political or economic emigration.

Substantial populations of Polish ancestry can be found in their native region of Central and Eastern Europe and many other European countries as well as in the Americas and Australia.

The Polonia in English-speaking countries often uses a dialect of Polish called Ponglish. It is made up of a Polish core with many English words inside it.

There are also smaller Polish communities in Asia and Africa, most notably Kazakhstan and South Africa.
Cicinho (footballer, born 1988)
Neuciano de Jesus Gusmão (Bulgarian: Неусиано де Жезуш Гузмао; born 26 December 1988), commonly known as Cicinho (Bulgarian: Сисиньо), is a professional footballer who plays as a right back for Noroeste. Born in Brazil, he played for the Bulgaria national team.

Cicinho made his professional debut aged 19 for Remo, with whom he won two successive Campeonato Paraense championships, before moved to Juventude in December 2008. After Juventude's relegation from the Série B, Cicinho was transferred to Brasiliense, where he won Campeonato Brasiliense in 2011.

In November 2011, Cicinho joined Série A club Ponte Preta. In June 2013 he moved to Santos for a fee of €1.5 million and became an integral member of the club's 2015 Campeonato Paulista title. Two years later, he joined Ludogorets.

Esporte Clube Juventude
Esporte Clube Juventude (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [isˈpɔʁtʃi ˈklubi ʒuvẽˈtudʒi]), or simply Juventude, is a Brazilian football club in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. The club currently competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, the second tier of Brazilian football, as well as in Campeonato Gaúcho, the Rio Grande do Sul state football league. Major titles won by the club include the 1999 Copa do Brasil, the 1994 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B and the 1998 Campeonato Gaúcho. Their greatest rival is Caxias, with whom it contests the Caxias do Sul derby, also known as Ca–Ju.
Ognjen Vukojević
Ognjen Vukojević (born 20 December 1983) is a Croatian football manager and former professional football defender. He is currently the manager of the Croatia national under-20 team, an assistant manager of Ukrainian Premier League club Dynamo Kyiv, and a scout of the Croatia national team.

Vukojević's playing career spanned 15 years across football clubs in Croatia, Belgium, Ukraine, Russia and Austria, as well as seven years with his national team, representing Croatia at two UEFA European Championships and the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

Croatia national under-20 football team
The Croatia national under-20 football team represents Croatia in international football matches for players aged 20 or under. It is governed by the Croatian Football Federation, the governing body for football in Croatia. It is a member of UEFA in Europe and FIFA in global competitions. The team's colours reference two national symbols: the Croatian checkerboard and the country's tricolour. They are colloquially referred to as the Mladi vatreni ('Young Blazers'). So far, the Mladi vatreni qualified for three FIFA U-20 World Cups, namely in 1999, 2011 and 2013. The team's greatest accomplishment is passing the group stage at the 1999 and 2013 tournaments.

The U20 team is the de facto U19 of the previous year, and it acts mainly as a feeder team for the U21s and provides further international development for youth players. The team qualifies for the FIFA U-20 World Cup based on the success of the U19 at the UEFA European Under-19 Championship.
Yecheng walnut
Yecheng walnut (Chinese: 叶城核桃) is a Chinese variety native to Yecheng County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Under the nourishment of the Yarkant River, the plant's heritage has flourished for thousands of years.

This plant has large fruit, thin shell and smooth peel. The appearance of the nut is light and smooth. The shell is 0.86-1.23 mm thin. The average single fruit is more than 10 grams. It is easy to take the whole kernels, its kernels are full and the color is yellow and white.

Walnut processing has recently become a minor industry in Yecheng County, and has created income for many struggling families. Since 2020, the price for a kilogram has increased by 0.5 yuan.

Kargilik County
Kargilik County (Uyghur: قاغىلىق ناھىيىسى), also known as Yecheng County (Chinese: 叶城县), is a county in southwest of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Kashgar Prefecture. It contains an area of 28,600 km2. To the north, the county borders Makit County. To the east, the county borders Guma County (Pishan) in Hotan Prefecture. To the west, the county borders Yarkant County, Poskam County and  Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County. In the south, the county has a border of more than 80 km (50 mi) with Pakistan and India administered areas of Kashmir.
Back in 20
Back in 20 is a rock album released by Gary U.S. Bonds in 2004 on the M.C. Records label. The album features guest appearances by Bruce Springsteen, Southside Johnny, Dickey Betts, and Phoebe Snow. The title of the album is a reference to Bonds' sporadic croppings of popularity; first in the early 1960s, then the early 1980s, and now, again 20 some years later, in the early 2000s.

Phoebe Snow
Phoebe Snow (born Phoebe Ann Laub; July 17, 1950 – April 26, 2011) was an American roots music singer-songwriter and guitarist, known for her hit 1974 and 1975 songs "Poetry Man" and "Harpo's Blues", and her credited guest vocals on Paul Simon’s "Gone at Last". She was described by The New York Times as a "contralto grounded in a bluesy growl and capable of sweeping over four octaves". Snow also sang numerous commercial jingles for many U.S. products during the 1980s and 1990s, including General Foods International Coffees, Salon Selectives, and Stouffer's. Snow experienced success in Australia in the late 1970s and early 1980s with five top 100 albums in that country. In 1995 she recorded a gospel album with Sisters of Glory.
FC Olimpia Satu Mare
Fotbal Club Olimpia MCMXXI Satu Mare, commonly known as Olimpia Satu Mare, Olimpia MCMXXI or simply Olimpia, is a Romanian professional football club from Satu Mare, Satu Mare County. Founded on 5 May 1921 and re-founded in 2010 and 2018, Olimpia played seven seasons in the Romanian top flight between 1937 and 1999 and reached the Romanian Cup final in 1978.

Satu Mare County
Satu Mare County (Romanian: Județul Satu Mare, pronounced [ˌsatu ˈmare], Hungarian: Szatmár megye) is a county (județ) of Romania, on the border with Hungary and Ukraine. The capital city is Satu Mare.
Low-power broadcasting
Low-power broadcasting is broadcasting by a broadcast station at a low transmitter power output to a smaller service area than "full power" stations within the same region. It is often distinguished from "micropower broadcasting" (more commonly "microbroadcasting") and broadcast translators. LPAM, LPFM and LPTV are in various levels of use across the world, varying widely based on the laws and their enforcement.

Transmitter power output
In radio transmission, transmitter power output (TPO) is the actual amount of power (in watts) of radio frequency (RF) energy that a transmitter produces at its output.

TPO is a concept related to effective radiated power (ERP), but refers to the power output of a transmitter, without accounting for antenna gain.
The ERP for VHF/UHF transmitters is normally more than the TPO, for LF/MF transmitters it has nearly the same value, while for VLF transmitters it may be less.
The Grand Opening (album)
The Grand Opening is the second full-length solo studio album by American rapper Planet Asia. It was released on January 27, 2004, via Avatar Records. Recording sessions took place at Def Con IV Studios, The Static Lounge and Wolfpack Studios in Los Angeles and at Quality Control Studios in San Francisco. Production was handled by the Architect, Darren "Limitless" Henson, Evidence, Ivan Barias, Jake One, J. Thrill, J. Wells, KutMasta Kurt, Oh No, Supa Dave West, Tracks and Vitamin D. It features guest appearances from Big Wig, Cecilie Davis, Crunch, Ghostface Killah, Goapele, Martin Luther McCoy, Shake Da Mayor, and his Cali Agents cohort Rasco. The album debuted at number 46 on the Billboard Independent Albums chart in the United States.

Planet Asia
Jason Green (born October 24, 1976), better known as Planet Asia, is an American rapper from Fresno, California. He is prominent for being one half of the now reunited hip hop duo the Cali Agents and is currently a member of the groups Gold Chain Military and Durag Dynasty. He is also well known for his vast discography of mixtapes.
Y. K. Sohoni
Y. K. Sohoni (1911–2003) was a teacher and professor of French for over fifty years. He was based in Pune and Bombay for most of his life, till he migrated to the United States of America in 1984. In 1953, he started the Indian Association of Teachers of French. He was instrumental in setting up several departments and institutes for the teaching and learning of French in India, and was the first Head of the Department of Modern European Languages at the University of Pune, Among other awards, in 1975 he was awarded the Chevalier dans l'Ordre Palmes Académiques by the Government of France "pour services rendus a la culture française." It was in the same year that he established the Department of French in CIEFL, Hyderabad. From 1984, he lived in Great Falls, Virginia till his death in 2003.

Ordre des Palmes académiques
The Ordre des Palmes académiques (French pronunciation: [ɔʁdʁ de palm(z‿)akademik]; French for 'Order of Academic Palms') is a national order bestowed by the French Republic on distinguished academics and teachers and for valuable service to universities, education and science.

Originally established in 1808 by Emperor of the French Napoleon as a decoration to honour eminent members of the University of Paris, it was changed into its current form as an order of merit on 4 October 1955 by President René Coty, making it one of the oldest civil honours bestowed by the French Republic.
Irving G. Ries
Irving G. Ries (January 15, 1890 – August 20, 1963)  was a silent-era cinematographer who went on to do special effects during the sound era. He often worked with Stan Laurel when he was a cinematographer. As well as a few Oliver Hardy short films.
He also did the first film they worked together on The Lucky Dog.

He was nominated at the 29th Academy Awards in the category of Best Special Effects for his work on the film Forbidden Planet. He shared his nomination with A. Arnold Gillespie and Wesley C. Miller.

The Lucky Dog
The Lucky Dog (1921) is the first film to include Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy together in a film before they became the famous comedy duo of Laurel and Hardy. Although they appear in scenes together, Laurel and Hardy play independently. Laurel is the star as the hero of the film and Hardy plays the main villain opposite him.

The film was screened as two reels, but some versions end abruptly after the first reel when Laurel is robbed by Hardy.
Honeywell Primus
Honeywell Primus is a range of Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) glass cockpits manufactured by Honeywell Aerospace.
Each system is composed of multiple display units used as primary flight display and multi-function display.

Multi-function display
A multifunction display (MFD) is a small-screen (CRT or LCD) surrounded by multiple soft keys (configurable buttons) that can be used to display information to the user in numerous configurable ways. MFDs originated in aviation, first in military aircraft, and later were adopted by commercial aircraft, general aviation, automotive use, motorsports use, and shipboard use.
Hygiaenon
Hygiaenon (Ancient Greek: Ὑγιαίνων, romanized: Hygiainon) was an Archon of the Bosporan Kingdom after his predecessor, Leucon II, was slain by his wife Alcathoe in c. 220 BC. Although he was not part of the Spartocid dynasty, he seems to have been a supporter of Camasarye, the heiress and queen of the Bosporan Kingdom. He is said to have been an eminent member of the aristocracy, and backed the unmarried Camasarye, who later married her cousin Paerisades III.

Hygiaenon was archon in the short time that Camasarye was without husband, as Paerisades III was the son of Spartocus IV's brother and did not have a direct claim to the throne. His coinage does not show him with a diadem, but may hint at military success.

Spartocid dynasty
The Spartocids (Greek: Σπαρτοκίδαι) or Spartocidae was the name of a Hellenized Thracian dynasty that ruled the Hellenistic Kingdom of Bosporus between the years 438–108 BC. They had usurped the former dynasty, the Archaeanactids, who were tyrants of Panticapaeum from 480 to 438 BC. The throne of the Bosporan Kingdom was usurped by Spartokos I in 438 BC, after whom the dynasty is named.

Spartokos's descendants would continue to rule the Bosporus until 108 BC, in which it was briefly conquered by the invading Scythians led by Saumacus and subsequently ruled by the Mithridatic and Tiberian-Julian dynasties. The dynasty continued to repeat the names of succeeding princes, with the final Spartokos being named Spartokos V. The dynasty also had intermarriages, notably the marriage of Komosarye and Paerisades I. The most famous known ruler is Leukon I, who expanded the kingdom beyond its boundaries, resisted the Scythians, and ruled for 40 years.
Moonlight on the Range
Moonlight on the Range is a 1937 American Western film directed by Sam Newfield and written by Fred Myton. The film stars Fred Scott, Al St. John, Lois January, Dick Curtis, Frank LaRue and Jimmy Aubrey. The film was released on October 6, 1937, by Spectrum Pictures.

Al St. John
Alfred St. John (September 10, 1892 – January 21, 1963) was an early American motion-picture comedian. He was a nephew of silent film star Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle, with whom he often performed on screen. Also credited as Al Saint John and "Fuzzy" St. John, he was employed by Mack Sennett and also worked with many other leading players such as Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton and Mabel Normand. His film career successfully transitioned from the silent era into sound, and by the late 1930s and 1940s he was working predominantly in Westerns, often portraying the scruffy comedy-relief character "Fuzzy Q. Jones". Among his notable performances in that role are in the "Billy the Kid" series of films released by the Producers Releasing Corporation from 1940 to 1946 and in that company's "Lone Rider" series from 1941 to 1943.