hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2010–11 Tour de Ski
The 2010–11 Tour de Ski was the 5th edition of the Tour de Ski and took place from 31 December 2010 to 9 January 2011. The race started in Oberhof, Germany, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy. The defending champions were Lukáš Bauer of the Czech Republic for the men and Poland's Justyna Kowalczyk for the women. Kowalczyk defende her title, and Swiss Dario Cologna won the Men's title.

Oberhof, Germany
Oberhof (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐhoːf] ⓘ) is a town in the Schmalkalden-Meiningen district of Thuringia, Germany. Located in the Thuringian Forest mountain range, it is a winter sports center and health resort. With 1,625 inhabitants (December 2016), it is visited by 144,000 tourists every year (2016). The town obtained its official city status in 1985.
Trade unions in Cameroon
There are six recognized trade union confederations in Cameroon as of 2021. The main federation Confederation of Cameroon Trade Union has undergone many organizational splits and attempts by the government to retain its influence.

Confederation of Cameroon Trade Unions
The Confederation of Cameroon Trade Unions (CCTU/CSTC) is a trade union centre in Cameroon.

It is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation, and the Organization of African Trade Union Unity.
Highest median voting rules
The highest median voting rules are a class of graded voting rules where the candidate with the highest median rating is elected.

The various highest median rules differ in their treatment of ties, i.e., the method of ranking the candidates with the same median rating.

Proponents of highest median rules argue that they provide the most faithful reflection of the voters' opinion according to the median voter theorem. They note that as with other cardinal voting rules, highest medians are not subject to Arrow's impossibility theorem.

However, critics note that highest median rules violate participation and the Archimedean property; highest median rules can fail to elect a candidate almost-unanimously preferred over all other candidates.

Score voting
Score voting, sometimes called range voting, is an electoral system for single-seat elections. Voters give each candidate a numerical score, and the candidate with the highest average score is elected. Score voting includes the well-known approval voting (used to calculate approval ratings), but also lets voters give partial (in-between) approval ratings to candidates.
Bujoreni, Vâlcea
Bujoreni is a commune located in Vâlcea County, Oltenia, Romania, just to the north of Râmnicu Vâlcea, the seat of Vâlcea County. It is composed of seven villages: Bogdănești, Bujoreni, Gura Văii, Lunca, Malu Alb, Malu Vârtop and Olteni (the commune centre).

Agriculture is the main income source. There are special traditions which have been well preserved.

Râmnicu Vâlcea
Râmnicu Vâlcea (formerly Râmnic, Romanian pronunciation: [ˈrɨmniku ˈvɨlt͡ʃe̯a]) is a city in Romania. Located in the south-central part of the country, in the historical province of Oltenia, it is the seat of Vâlcea County and its main urban settlement. According to the 2021 Romanian census, it has a population of 93,151.
Sportvereniging Nationaal Leger
Sportvereniging Nationaal Leger, known as SNL, is the Surinamese football club of the national military, which currently plays in the Eerste Divisie. They play their home games in Paramaribo at the Dr. Ir. Franklin Essed Stadion.

SVB Eerste Divisie
The SVB Eerste Divisie is the second highest football championship for clubs run by the Surinaamse Voetbal Bond. The league currently comprises twelve teams and operates a system of promotion and relegation. Seasons run from November to June, with each team playing 30 games in the regular season. The league was previously known as the Hoofdklasse but was rebranded as the Topklasse for the 2016–17 season, before being renamed the Eerste Divisie starting in the 2017–18 season. In 2024, the SVB introduced a new professional competition, the Suriname Major League, with the Eerste Divisie now serving as the nation's top amateur competition.

The league has a long history, its first completed season was in 1923‍–‍24 when Suriname was still a Dutch colony.
Biboy Enguio
Ebrahim "Biboy" Lopez Enguio (born January 31, 1988) is a Filipino-Indonesian professional basketball player who last played for the Tangerang Hawks of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He played college basketball for the UE Red Warriors in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP).

Indonesian Basketball League
The Indonesia Basketball League (IBL; Indonesian: Liga Bola Basket Indonesia) is the preeminent men's professional basketball league in Indonesia, founded by Indonesian Basketball Association (Perbasi) in 2003. From 2010 to 2015 it was known as the National Basketball League (NBL) and organised by DBL Indonesia. In 2016, PT Bola Basket Indonesia acquired Starting5 and after that PT Bola Basket Indonesia assigned by PP Perbasi to organised the league.
Steve van H. du Toit
Rear Admiral (Junior Grade) Steve du Toit SM MMM is a retired Rear Admiral in the South African Navy and submariner, who served as Chief of Naval Staff Personnel at Navy HQ.

He completed the Naval Senior Command Staff course during 1975 and commanded the SAS Maria van Riebeeck from 1979, later OC SAS Saldanha. He was a Senior Staff Officer at Chief of Staff Planning, As a commodore at Navy HQ, he served as Chief of Naval Staff Personnel from 1992 to 1999. He retired in 1999.

Southern Cross Medal (1975)
The Southern Cross Medal of 1975, post-nominal letters SM, is a military decoration which was instituted by the Republic of South Africa on 1 July 1975. It was awarded to officers of the South African Defence Force for exceptionally meritorious service and particular devotion to duty. It represents the highest Presidential Medal that can be bestowed upon a member of the military in South Africa.
Steel Sharks
Steel Sharks is a 1997 American direct-to-video action film directed by Rodney McDonald and starring Gary Busey, Billy Dee Williams and Billy Warlock. It concerns a group of Navy SEALs who are captured and taken aboard an Iranian submarine from which they must escape to survive. The film was released straight-to-video. Several scenes involving Navy helicopter, ship, and command footage from this film were used in the production of Crash Dive, Freedom Strike, Counter Measures and Agent Red.

United States Navy SEALs
The United States Navy Sea, Air, and Land (SEAL) Teams, commonly known as Navy SEALs, are the United States Navy's primary special operations force and a component of the United States Naval Special Warfare Command. Among the SEAL's main functions are conducting small-unit special operation missions in maritime, jungle, urban, arctic, mountainous, and desert environments. SEALs are typically ordered to capture or kill high-level targets, or to gather intelligence behind enemy lines.

SEAL team personnel are hand-selected, highly trained, and highly proficient in unconventional warfare (UW), direct action (DA), and special reconnaissance (SR), among other tasks like sabotage, demolition, intelligence gathering, and hydrographic reconnaissance, training, and advising friendly militaries or other forces. All active SEALs are members of the U.S. Navy.
1991 DieHard 500
The 1991 DieHard 500 was the 17th stock car race of the 1991 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 23rd iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, July 28, 1991, before an audience of 95,000 in Lincoln, Alabama at Talladega Superspeedway, a 2.66 miles (4.28 km) permanent triangle-shaped superspeedway. The race took the scheduled 188 laps to complete. In the final laps of the race, Richard Childress Racing driver Dale Earnhardt would manage to fend off the field, leading the final 28 laps of the race to take his 51st career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his third victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Melling Racing driver Bill Elliott and Roush Racing driver Mark Martin would finish second and third, respectively.

Lincoln, Alabama
Lincoln is a city in Talladega County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1911. At the 2020 census, the population was 6,845. It was named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln, who served in the American army during the Revolutionary War.

The Talladega Superspeedway, the International Motorsports Hall of Fame and the Talladega Municipal Airport are all located in Lincoln.
Galactic astronomy
Galactic astronomy is the study of the Milky Way galaxy and all its contents. This is in contrast to extragalactic astronomy, which is the study of everything outside our galaxy, including all other galaxies.

Galactic astronomy should not be confused with galaxy formation and evolution, which is the general study of galaxies, their formation, structure, components, dynamics, interactions, and the range of forms they take.

The Milky Way galaxy, where the Solar System is located, is in many ways the best-studied galaxy, although important parts of it are obscured from view in visible wavelengths by regions of cosmic dust. The development of radio astronomy, infrared astronomy and submillimetre astronomy in the 20th century allowed the gas and dust of the Milky Way to be mapped for the first time.

Galaxy formation and evolution
In cosmology, the study of galaxy formation and evolution is concerned with the processes that formed a heterogeneous universe from a homogeneous beginning, the formation of the first galaxies, the way galaxies change over time, and the processes that have generated the variety of structures observed in nearby galaxies. Galaxy formation is hypothesized to occur from structure formation theories, as a result of tiny quantum fluctuations in the aftermath of the Big Bang. The simplest model in general agreement with observed phenomena is the Lambda-CDM model—that is, clustering and merging allows galaxies to accumulate mass, determining both their shape and structure. Hydrodynamics simulation, which simulates both baryons and dark matter, is widely used to study galaxy formation and evolution.
Sun Odyssey 389
The Sun Odyssey 389 is a French sailboat that was designed by Marc Lombard and the Jeanneau Design Office, as a cruiser and first built in 2015.

The boat is a development of the Sun Odyssey 379 with the same hull design, with a wider drop-down swimming platform and a bowsprit added.

Jeanneau
Jeanneau is a French boatyard in Les Herbiers, in the Vendée département, which has produced yachts since 1957. It was founded by Henri Jeanneau, a hardware store owner, who began by producing power boats.

Jeanneau specializes in monohulls, but it created a specialist multihull line, Lagoon catamarans. Jeanneau (and Lagoon) became part of Groupe Beneteau in 1995.
Behavioral risk
Behavioral risk involves the identification, analysis, and management of risk factors in industrial and organizational psychology. Its management regards the process of managing workplace risk factors pertinent to organizational behavior and industrial and organizational psychology. "Behavioral risk management applies to risks connected with the workplace behaviors of employees and organizations that have a negative impact on the productivity of an organization; behavioral healthcare episodes and the cost of treating these episodes; and lifestyle behaviors that lead to preventable healthcare conditions and the cost of treating these conditions."

Its focus lies on how behavior affects workplaces and organizations along with how to appropriately mitigate negative effects from inappropriate behavior.

Behavior
Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions of organisms, individuals, systems or artificial entities in some environment. These systems can include other systems or organisms as well as the inanimate physical environment. It is the computed response of the system or organism to various stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. While some behavior is produced in response to an organism's environment (extrinsic motivation), behavior can also be the product of intrinsic motivation, also referred to as "agency" or "free will".

Taking a behavior informatics perspective, a behavior consists of actor, operation, interactions, and their properties. This can be represented as a behavior vector.
Tim Vine
Timothy Mark Vine (born 4 March 1967) is an English comedian, actor, writer and presenter best known for his puns and other one-liners and his role on the TV sitcom Not Going Out (2006–2012, 2014). He has also released a number of stand-up comedy specials and written several joke books.

From 2004 to 2014, Vine held the Guinness World Record for the most jokes told in an hour: each joke had to get a laugh from the audience to count towards the total, and he set the new record with 499 jokes. In both 2010 and 2014, he won the award for best joke at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, and he was the runner-up for each of the three years between.

Funniest Joke of the Fringe
The Funniest Joke of the Fringe is an award presented each year at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe by the British television channel U&Dave (formerly Dave). The award highlights the best single joke (typically a one-liner) by a standup comedian and is voted on by members of the public from a shortlist selected by a panel of comedy critics.
National Institute of Radio and Television of Peru
The National Institute of Radio and Television of Peru (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Radio y Televisión del Perú, IRTP) is a Peruvian state-owned company that is responsible for managing the state's media, in radio, television and the Internet. It is property of the Peruvian State, is part of the Ministry of Culture and has administrative, economic and financial autonomy.

The IRTP manages the TV Perú television network, an international channel, a pay channel and three DTT signals, in addition to a radio network and two radio stations. In 2016, it had a budget of S/. 68 million.

Ministry of Culture (Peru)
The Ministry of Culture (Spanish: Ministerio de Cultura, MINCUL) is the government ministry of Peru in charge of the promotion of Peruvian culture and identity. It was created on 20 July 2010, during the Second presidency of Alan García. It replaced the National Institute of Culture (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Cultura, INC), with Juan Ossio Acuña serving as its inaugural minister after his appointment on 4 September 2010.

As of 2025, the culture minister is Fabricio Valencia
Freekeh
Freekeh (sometimes spelled frikeh) or farik (Arabic: فريكة / ALA-LC: farīkah; pronounced free-kah /ˈfɹiːkə/) is a cereal food made from green durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) that is roasted and rubbed to create its flavour.  It is an ancient dish derived from Levantine and North African cuisines, remaining popular in many countries of the eastern Mediterranean Basin, where durum wheat originated.

The wheat is harvested while the grains are green and the seeds are still soft; it is then piled and sun-dried. The piles are carefully set on fire such that only the straw and chaff burn. Under these conditions, the high moisture content of the seeds prevents them from burning. The roasted wheat is then threshed and sun-dried to achieve a uniform flavour, texture, and colour.  This threshing or rubbing process of the grains gives this food its name, farīk or "rubbed". Finally, the seeds are cracked into smaller pieces that resemble green bulgur.

Durum wheat
Durum (/ˈdjʊərəm/), also called pasta wheat or macaroni wheat (Triticum durum or Triticum turgidum subsp. durum), is a tetraploid species of wheat. It is the second-most cultivated species of wheat after common wheat, although it represents only 5 to 8% of global wheat production. It was developed by artificial selection of the domesticated emmer wheat strains formerly grown in Central Europe and the Near East around 7000 BC, which developed a naked, free-threshing form. Like emmer, durum is awned (with bristles). It is the predominant wheat grown in the Middle East.
Muhammad Kemaluddin
Muhammad Kemaluddin (born 28 April 1999) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Championship club Sumsel United, on loan from Super League club  Madura United.

Championship (Indonesia)
The Championship, officially known as the Pegadaian Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second-tier of the football competition system in Indonesia, organized by the I-League. The competition started in 2017 after PSSI changed the previous competition Liga Indonesia Premier Division (Indonesian: Divisi Utama Liga Indonesia).

Originally, the Premier Division was the top-tier division when it was first established in 1994 and only became the second tier in 2008 when its place in the top flight was replaced by the newly formed Indonesia Super League. The competition is usually divided into several groups because of factors in terms of geography and number of participants.
ELIXIR
ELIXIR (the European life-sciences infrastructure for biological information) is an initiative that allows life science laboratories across Europe to share and store their research data as part of an organised network. Its goal is to bring together Europe's research organisations and data centres to help coordinate the collection, quality control and storage of large amounts of biological data produced by life science experiments. ELIXIR aims to ensure that biological data is integrated into a federated system easily accessible by the scientific community.

European Bioinformatics Institute
The European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) is an intergovernmental organization (IGO) which, as part of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) family, focuses on research and services in bioinformatics. It is located on the Wellcome Genome Campus in Hinxton near Cambridge, and employs over 600 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff.

Further, the EMBL-EBI hosts training programs that teach scientists the fundamentals of the work with biological data and promote the plethora of bioinformatic tools available for their research, both EMBL-EBI-based and not so.
Robin Kelly
Robin Lynne Kelly (born April 30, 1956) is an American politician from Illinois who has served as the U.S. representative from Illinois's 2nd congressional district since 2013. A Democrat, Kelly served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2003 to 2007. She then served as chief of staff for Illinois State Treasurer Alexi Giannoulias until 2010. She was the 2010 Democratic nominee for state treasurer, but lost the general election. Before running for Congress, Kelly served as the Cook County chief administrative officer. After winning the Democratic primary, she won the 2013 special election to succeed Jesse Jackson Jr. in the U.S. House of Representatives.

On May 6, 2025, Kelly announced she would be retiring to run for the United States Senate in 2026, being vacated by the retiring incumbent Dick Durbin.

Illinois Treasurer
The Treasurer of Illinois is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Illinois. Seventy-four individuals have occupied the office of Treasurer since statehood. The incumbent is Mike Frerichs, a Democrat. A former Champaign County auditor and state senator, Frerichs was first elected to lead the state treasury in 2014 following a close race with Republican candidate Tom Cross.
Anastasia Shishmakova
Anastasia Olegovna Shishmakova (Russian: Анастасия Олеговна Шишмакова; born 22 February 2000) is a Russian former group rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time (2018, 2019) World group all-around champion and the 2018 European group all-around champion.

2018 Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships
The 2018 Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships was the 34th edition of the Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships, which took place on 1–3 June 2018 at the Palacio Multiusos de Guadalajara in Guadalajara, Spain.
Joseph Gire Building
The Joseph Gire Building, better known as the A Noite Building or Edificio o Jornal A Noite, is an office building located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil that served as the headquarters of the Rio-based newspaper A Noite. At a height of 102 meters, it was the tallest building in Brazil for two years between 1927 and 1929 before it was surpassed by the Martinelli Building in São Paulo.

Martinelli Building
The Martinelli Building (in Portuguese: Edifício Martinelli), with 28 floors, is the first skyscraper built in Brazil. Located in São Paulo, it is 105 meters tall.

The building was planned in 1922 by the Italian-born entrepreneur, Giuseppe Martinelli. Construction began in 1924, and was completed in 1929. At the time of its opening, it was the tallest building in Latin America, and the largest concrete-framed building in the world.

The building was completely remodeled by Mayor Olavo Setúbal from 1975 to 1979. Today, the building houses the Departments of Municipal Housing and planning, companies Emurb and Cohab-SP, the headquarters of the Association of Banks of SP, and several shops on the ground floor of the building.
Automatic Storage Management
Automatic Storage Management (ASM) is a feature provided by Oracle Corporation within the Oracle Database from release Oracle 10g (revision 1) onwards. ASM aims to simplify the management of database datafiles, control files and log files. To do so, it provides tools to manage file systems and volumes directly inside the database, allowing database administrators (DBAs) to control volumes and disks with familiar SQL statements in standard Oracle environments. Thus DBAs do not need extra skills in specific file systems or volume managers (which usually operate at the level of the operating system).

Oracle Database
Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle DBMS, Oracle Autonomous Database, or simply as Oracle) is a proprietary multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation.

It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads. Oracle Database is available by several service providers on-premises, on-cloud, or as a hybrid cloud installation.  It may be run on third party servers as well as on Oracle hardware (Exadata on-premises, on Oracle Cloud or at Cloud at Customer).

Oracle Database uses SQL for database updating and retrieval.
Brett Cooper (fighter)
Brett Cooper (born July 2, 1987) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division. A professional competitor since 2005, he has also competed for Bellator, PFL, Affliction, Absolute Championship Berkut, IFL, KSW, and Jungle Fight.

Bellator MMA
Bellator MMA (formerly Bellator Fighting Championships) was an American mixed martial arts promotion founded in 2008 by Bjorn Rebney and operated until 2025. The promotion takes its name from bellātor, the Latin word for "warrior". Bellator's first event was in 2009, and the promotion held 313 "numbered" events.

Bellator was considered the second largest MMA promotion in the United States, and one of the largest combat sport promotions in the world. Paramount Global (formerly Viacom) purchased majority ownership of Bellator from Rebney in 2011, with Paramount's television networks serving as the promotion's media broadcasters in the United States. On November 20, 2023, after then-broadcast home Showtime announced the discontinuation of its sports division, Bellator MMA was acquired by the Professional Fighters League (PFL).