hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Croak
John Bernard Croak VC (May 18, 1892 – August 8, 1918) was a soldier in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War and posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry "in the face of the enemy" that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He earned the award for events that occurred during the Battle of Amiens in August 1918. A park and elementary school was named in his memory at Glace Bay, Nova Scotia.

Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
John Rexer
John Rexer (born 1961) is an American entrepreneur and writer who is the founder and chief executive officer of Ilegal Mezcal, an artisanal mezcal brand. He is also the co-founder of La Cuadra Magazine, an English-language quarterly based in Antigua.

Ilegal Mezcal
Ilegal Mezcal is a brand of mezcal founded in 2006 by John Rexer in Antigua, Guatemala. It originated as a spirit for Rexer's bar, Café No Sé, and is produced in Oaxaca, Mexico, in partnership with local mezcal producers.

Ilegal Mezcal produces mezcal from Espadín agave using traditional methods. It later grew into a high-volume mezcal brand and was acquired by Bacardi in 2023. IIlegal is also associated with its namesake cocktail, the "Ilegal".
Colin White (historian)
Colin Saunders White (28 August 1951 – 25 December 2008) was a British military historian, director of the Royal Naval Museum from 2006 until his death and one of Britain's leading experts on Admiral Horatio Nelson and the Battle of Trafalgar.

National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth
The National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth, formerly known as the Royal Naval Museum, is a museum of the history of the Royal Navy located in the Portsmouth Historic Dockyard section of HMNB Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, England. The museum is part of the National Museum of the Royal Navy, a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Ministry of Defence. It received 1,081,909 visitors in 2017.
2025 SA Cup
The 2025 SA Cup was the second edition of this annual domestic rugby union cup competition. The SA Cup is played between provincial teams in South Africa and the competition serves as qualification to the Currie Cup Premier Division and Currie Cup First Division respectively.

Danrich Visagie top scored in the tournament with 112 points and Gurshwin Wehr scored 15 tries.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Patagopterygiformes
Patagopterygiformes is an extinct group of large terrestrial ornithuromorph dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of South America. It contains at most three genera: Patagopteryx, Alamitornis and possibly Kuszholia.

Euornithes
Euornithes (from the Greek word ευόρνιθες euórnithes meaning "true birds") is a natural group which includes the most recent common ancestor of all avialans closer to modern birds than to the enantiornithines. This group was defined in the PhyloCode by Juan Benito and colleagues in 2022 as "the largest clade containing Vultur gryphus, but not Enantiornis leali and Cathayornis yandica".
Ganeshan Venkataraman
Ganeshan Venkataraman is an Indian condensed matter physicist, writer and a former vice chancellor of the Sri Sathya Sai University. An elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, and the Indian Academy of Sciences,
Venkataraman is a recipient of Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship, Sir C. V. Raman Prize of the University Grants Commission and the Indira Gandhi Prize for Popularisation of Science of the Indian National Science Academy. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri in 1991.

Indian Academy of Sciences
The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Indian Physicist and Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman, and was registered as a society on 27 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meeting of Fellows, held on the same day, elected Raman as president, and adopted the constitution of the Academy.
Beverly Estate
The Beverly Estate is a property built in 1926 at 1011 North Beverly Drive in Beverly Hills, California.

The estate was designed by architect Gordon Kaufmann for banker Milton Getz  and was the residence of actress Marion Davies and her partner William Randolph Hearst after his infirmity forced them to leave San Simeon. Several films have been shot on location there, including The Jerk, The Godfather, and The Bodyguard. It was known as the Hearst Mansion, the Hearst Estate, and the Beverly House before it was renamed the Beverly Estate in 2022.

San Simeon, California
San Simeon (Spanish: San Simeón, meaning "St. Simon") is an unincorporated community on the Pacific coast of San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. Its position along State Route 1 is about halfway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, each of those cities being roughly 230 miles (370 km) away. A key feature of the area is Hearst Castle, a hilltop mansion built for William Randolph Hearst in the early 20th century that is now a tourist attraction. The area is also home to a large northern elephant seal rookery, known as the Piedras Blancas rookery, located 7 miles (11 km) north of San Simeon on Highway 1.
1952 Lebanese presidential election
An indirect presidential election was held in the Parliament of Lebanon in 1952 following the end of Fouad Chehab's military cabinet. The Parliament of Lebanon elected Camille Chamoun, who at that time was an ally of Kamal Jumblatt and a member of the Progressive Socialist Party parliamentary bloc, as the next president of Lebanon on 23 September 1952 to officially succeed Bechara Khoury's term becoming the second president of the Lebanese Republic. Chamoun won with 74 votes out of the 76 attending MPs.

By convention, the presidency is always attributed to a Maronite Christian. Under the article 49 of the Lebanese Constitution, a qualified majority of two-thirds of the members of the then 77-seat Lebanese Parliament is required to elect the president in the first round. After the second round of election, the president is elected by an absolute majority of the total number of deputies in office.

Camille Chamoun
Camille Nimr Chamoun OM, ONC (Arabic: كميل نمر شمعون, romanized: Kamīl Nimr Shamʿūn, pronounced [kaˈmiːl ʃamˈʕuːn]; 3 April 1900 – 7 August 1987) was a Lebanese politician and za'im (political boss) who served as the 2nd president of Lebanon from 1952 to 1958. He was one of the country's main Christian leaders during most of the Lebanese Civil War.
Jamal at the Penthouse
Jamal at the Penthouse is an album by jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal, recorded live at Nola's Penthouse Studio in New York and released by Argo Records in 1959. This album, unlike other Ahmad Jamal albums, features his trio with a 15-piece string section led by conductor Joe Kennedy.

Ahmad Jamal
Ahmad Jamal (born Frederick Russell Jones; July 2, 1930 – April 16, 2023) was an American jazz pianist, composer, bandleader, and educator. For six decades, he was one of the most successful small-group leaders in jazz. He was a National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) Jazz Master and won a Lifetime Achievement Grammy for his contributions to music history.
Daniel Weinstock
Daniel Marc Weinstock CM is a full professor at the Faculty of Law of McGill University. He holds a DPhil in philosophy (Oxford), an MA in political philosophy, and a BA in French literature and political philosophy (McGill). Daniel Weinstock studied with Charles Taylor, and with John Rawls.

His research studies contemporary moral philosophy and political philosophy, and explores how legal, ethical and empirical considerations interact in the making of public policy.

Charles Taylor (philosopher)
Charles Margrave Taylor CC GOQ FRSC FBA (born November 5, 1931) is a Canadian philosopher from Montreal, Quebec, and professor emeritus at McGill University best known for his contributions to political philosophy, the philosophy of social science, the history of philosophy, and intellectual history. His work has earned him the Kyoto Prize, the Templeton Prize, the Berggruen Prize for Philosophy, and the John W. Kluge Prize.

In 2007, Taylor served with Gérard Bouchard on the Bouchard–Taylor Commission on reasonable accommodation with regard to cultural differences in the province of Quebec. He has also made contributions to moral philosophy, epistemology, hermeneutics, aesthetics, the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of action.
Chibly Langlois
Chibly Langlois (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃glwa]; born 29 November 1958) is a Haitian Catholic prelate who has served as Bishop of Les Cayes since 2011. He is also president of the Haitian Bishops’ Conference.

Pope Francis elevated Langlois to the College of Cardinals on 22 February 2014. As of February 2023, Langlois is the first and only Haitian cardinal in history. He was the only new cardinal elevated in the February 2014 consistory who was not an archbishop.

Haitians
Haitians (Haitian Creole: Ayisyen, French: Haïtiens) are the citizens and nationals of Haiti. The Haitian people have their origins in West and Central Africa with the most spoken language being Haitian Creole. The larger Haitian diaspora includes individuals that trace ancestry to Haiti and self-identify as Haitian but are not necessarily Haitian by citizenship. The United States and the Dominican Republic have the largest Haitian populations in the world after Haiti.

An ethnonational group, Haitians generally comprise the modern descendants of self-liberated Africans in the Caribbean territory historically referred to as Saint-Domingue. This includes the mulatto minority who denote corresponding European ancestry, notably from French settlers.
Murbach hymns
The Murbach hymns (German: Murbacher Hymnen, also Murbacher Hymnar "Murbach hymnal") are a collection of 27 early medieval Latin hymns with interlinear Old High German translation. 
The hymns are intended to be sung at certain times of the day in the course of the year, being introduced with the header Incipiunt  hymni canendi per circulum anni.

Grouped with the Frankish Hymnal, an early medieval extension of the Ambrosian hymns of the Milanese Rite,
the Murbach hymns are preserved in a single manuscript of the early 9th century, now part of the Junius collection in the Bodleian Library (MS Junius 25), originally kept at Murbach Abbey, Alsace.

Murbach Abbey
Murbach Abbey (French: Abbaye de Murbach) was a famous Benedictine monastery in Murbach, southern Alsace, in a valley at the foot of the Grand Ballon in the Vosges.

The monastery was founded in 727 by Eberhard, Count of Alsace, and established as a Benedictine house by Saint Pirmin. Its territory once comprised three towns and thirty villages. The buildings, including the abbey church, one of the earliest vaulted Romanesque structures, were laid waste in 1789 during the Revolution by the peasantry and the abbey was dissolved shortly afterwards.

Of the 12th-century Romanesque abbey church, dedicated to Saint Leodegar (St. Léger), only the transept remains with its two steeples, and the east end with the quire. The site of the nave now serves as a burial ground. The building is located on the Route Romane d'Alsace.
Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986
Turkey was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 with the song "Halley", composed by Melih Kibar, with lyrics by İlhan İrem, and performed by the quintet Klips ve Onlar. The Turkish participating broadcaster, the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), selected its entry through a national final.

Klips ve Onlar
Klips ve Onlar was a Turkish band of the 1980s.

They represented Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 with the song Halley which reached 9th position, the highest ever for the country until then.

The group members who won the national final were Sevingül Bahadır, Gür Akad, Emre Tukur, Derya Bozkurt and Seden Kutlubay. However Kutlubay declined to go to Eurovision, therefore she was replaced by Candan Erçetin.

Keyboardist Emre Tukur died in November 2024, aged 55.
Nox Illuminata
Nox Illuminata is a series of international music festivals established in Basel, Switzerland, since 2004, and in Sankt Pölten, Austria, since 2009.  It combines traditional European early music with artists and repertoire from other genres and cultures, together with dance, theatre, and visual arts.

Artists who have performed at the festival include the British lutenist Anthony Rooley, the soprano Evelyn Tubb, the Swiss musician Nik Bärtsch with his group Ronin, and the early music ensemble Mediva.  The March 2009 Nox Illuminata was covered by the Swiss radio station Schweizer Radio DRS 2.

From December 2009 a parallel 'Nox Illuminata' festival was held at the Festspielhaus St. Pölten in the town of Sankt Pölten, in Austria.

St. Pölten
Sankt Pölten (Austrian German pronunciation: [saŋkt ˈpœltn̩] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Sankt Pödn), mostly abbreviated to the official name St. Pölten, is the capital and largest city of the State of Lower Austria in northeast Austria, with 59,767 inhabitants as of 1 January 2025. St. Pölten is a city with its own statute (or Statutarstadt) and therefore it is both a municipality and a district in the Mostviertel. Due to its cultural status, it has recently enjoyed an increase of visitors passing through Sankt Pölten on their way to Vienna.
Brian McCann (actor)
Brian McCann (born August 16, 1965) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He is best known for his sketch comedy work on the late-night talk show Late Night with Conan O'Brien and more recently on The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien and Conan.

After 17 years working with Conan O'Brien, McCann left Conan due to his plans to return to New York City. His final day on the show was August 30, 2012. McCann went on to write for shows such as Nikki & Sara Live and Totally Biased with W. Kamau Bell.

Totally Biased with W. Kamau Bell
Totally Biased with W. Kamau Bell is an American stand-up comedy television series that premiered on FX on August 9, 2012, starring comedian W. Kamau Bell. On stage, Bell did mostly observational comedy on recent news stories and current events. After an opening PowerPoint monologue, the program usually cut to a segment filmed outside of the studio. Additionally, since all of the show's writers were stand-up comedians, many often appeared as correspondents who performed monologues. As the last segment of the program, Bell interviewed a celebrity guest. In order to ensure the show's topicality, most of the show was taped on the day that it was broadcast. In the first episode, Bell interviewed Chris Rock, who was also an executive producer of the show.

It was announced on November 13, 2013, that Totally Biased with W. Kamau Bell had been canceled, and that the final episode would be broadcast the next day.
2014 Rondônia gubernatorial election
The Rondônia gubernatorial election was held on 5 October 2014 to elect the next governor of the state of Rondônia.  If no candidate receives more than 50% of the vote, a second-round runoff election will be held on 26 October.  Governor Confúcio Moura is running for a second term. Confúcio Moura won the election.

Rondônia
Rondônia (English: /rɒnˈdoʊniə/, ron-DOHN-ee-ə ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁõˈdõnjɐ] ⓘ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the North Region (the central-western part). It is bordered by Acre in the west, 
Amazonas in the north, Mato Grosso in the east, and Bolivia in the south. Rondônia has a population of 1,815,000 as of 2021. It is the fifth least populated state. Its capital and largest city is Porto Velho, bathed by the Madeira River. The state was named after Cândido Rondon, who explored the north of the country during the 1910s. The state, which is home to c. 0.7% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for c. 0.3% of the Brazilian GDP.

The state has 52 municipalities and occupies an area of 237,590.547 km2, equivalent to the territory of Romania and almost five times larger than Croatia. In addition to this, there are other important cities such as Ariquemes, Cacoal, Guajará-Mirim, Ji-Paraná, Rolim de Moura and Vilhena.
Bourbonnais Donkey
The Bourbonnais Donkey, French: Âne Bourbonnais, is a French breed of domestic donkey from the historic region of the Bourbonnais, which corresponds roughly with the modern département of Allier, in the Auvergne region of central France. It was in the past used as a pack animal, for hauling barges, and to pull light gigs. The breed was recognised by the Ministère de l'Agriculture, the French ministry of agriculture, in 2002. The stud-book is kept by the Association de l'Ane Bourbonnais, an association of breeders.

Bourbonnais
The Bourbonnais (French: [buʁbɔnɛ]; Occitan: Borbonés) was a historic province in the centre of France that corresponds to the modern département of Allier, along with part of the département of Cher. Its capital was Moulins.
Yang Xi (Three Kingdoms)
Yang Xi (late 200s - 261), courtesy name Wenran, was a Chinese politician of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He is best known for writing the Ji Han Fuchen Zan (季漢輔臣贊; pub. 241), a collection of praises of notable persons who served in the Shu Han state. Chen Shou, the third-century historian who wrote the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), extensively quoted and annotated Yang Xi's collection.

Records of the Three Kingdoms
The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese official history written by Chen Shou in the late 3rd century CE, covering the end of the Han dynasty (c. 184 – 220 CE) and the subsequent Three Kingdoms period (220–280 CE). It is regarded as to be the authoritative source text for these periods. Compiled following the reunification of China under the Jin dynasty (266–420), the work chronicles the political, social, and military events within rival states Cao Wei, Shu Han and Eastern Wu into a single text organized by individual biography.

The Records are the primary source of information for the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, considered to be one of the four classic novels emblematic of written vernacular Chinese.

While large subsections of the work have been selected and translated into English, the entire corpus has yet to receive an unabridged English translation.
The Level, Brighton
The Level is an urban park in central Brighton, on the south coast of England. The park is a triangle of 8.05 acres (3.26 ha) bounded by Union Road to the north, Richmond Terrace (A270) to the east, and Ditchling Road (A23) to the west. In the past, the land has been used as a cricket ground for the Prince of Wales and as a setting for large-scale dinner parties to commemorate events such as the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte and the coronation of Queen Victoria.

The Level is often used for public meetings and gatherings. These have included May Day events, a 1983 peace camp and the Brighton Urban Free Festival. Present day features of the park include a grassed area with elm trees and outdoor seating, a skatepark, public toilets, a rose garden, a children's playground and a water feature. The park was substantially redeveloped from 2009 onwards.

Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ranging southward in Western Asia to Iran, in Africa to Libya, and in Southeast Asia into Indonesia.

Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests. Moreover, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, many species and cultivars were also planted as ornamental street, garden, and park trees in Europe, North America, and parts of the Southern Hemisphere, notably Australasia. Some individual elms reached great size and age. However, in recent decades, most mature elms of European or North American origin have died from Dutch elm disease, caused by a microfungus dispersed by bark beetles. In response, disease-resistant cultivars have been developed, capable of restoring the elm to forestry and landscaping.
Kenneth Corn
Kenneth Corn (born October 8, 1976) is a former member of the Oklahoma Senate, representing an electoral district that includes Sequoyah and LeFlore counties. He served as caucus chair for the Democratic caucus in the Oklahoma Senate. He previously served in the Oklahoma House of Representatives from 1998 to 2002 and served as the Democratic caucus secretary. He ran unsuccessfully for Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma losing to Republican Todd Lamb on November 2, 2010. He served as City Manager of Anadarko, Oklahoma, from 2015 to 2022 when he accepted an appointment to serve as the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) State Director for Rural Development in Oklahoma by President Joe Biden.

Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma
The lieutenant governor of Oklahoma is the second-highest executive official of the state government of Oklahoma. As first in the gubernatorial line of succession, the lieutenant governor becomes the new governor of Oklahoma upon the death, resignation, or removal of the governor. The lieutenant governor also serves as the president of the Oklahoma Senate, and may cast a vote to break ties in that chamber.

The office of the lieutenant governor was created upon the adoption of the state constitution in 1907 and was preceded by a Secretary of Oklahoma Territory office. The 17th lieutenant governor of Oklahoma is Republican Matt Pinnell. His first term began on January 14, 2019.
Chuck Flores
Charles Walter "Chuck" Flores (January 5, 1935 – November 24, 2016) was an American jazz drummer. One of the relatively small number of musicians associated with West Coast jazz who were actually from the West Coast, Flores was born in Orange, California, and grew up in Santa Ana. He is best known for the work he did with saxophonist Bud Shank in the 1950s, and for his two-year stint with Woody Herman, from 1954 to 1955, but also performed and recorded with such musicians as Carmen McRae, Art Pepper, Maynard Ferguson, Al Cohn, and Shelly Manne, who had been his drum teacher. Manne and others considered Flores an underrated drummer.

In later years, Flores became a highly sought after and renowned educator whose students included Danny Seraphine, Chad Wackerman, John Wackerman, Brooks Wackerman, Ray Mehlbaum, Pete Parada, Jamie Wollam, Jose Ruiz, and Zack Stewart.  Flores was a longtime faculty member at Musicians Institute in Los Angeles.

Pete Parada
Peter Parada (born July 9, 1973) is an American musician who has been a member of several bands. Parada's drumming career began in 1995 when he joined L.A. band World In Pain on a recommendation from future Korn drummer Ray Luzier and then Steel Prophet in 1996 with whom he recorded one album a year later. Subsequently he joined Face to Face, Saves the Day and the Offspring, where he was a member from 2007 to 2021 and served as the band's second longest-serving drummer, behind Ron Welty. Parada was also associated with the metal band Engine and Rob Halford's solo project Halford, and briefly played drums in the punk band Alkaline Trio. He has also toured with My Chemical Romance, Devo and The Bronx. Parada joined YouTuber Tim Pool's band Timcast for their songs "Only Ever Wanted" and "Genocide" and in 2023 co-founded the band the Defiant.