hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Volga Tatar nationalism
Volga Tatar nationalism is the belief that Tatars should constitute an independent nation. Finding historical basis in the Khanate of Kazan and Russian–Tatar enmities, Tatar nationalism has often synthesised Islam as a national aspect. Tatar nationalism has historically manifested itself as the Idel-Ural State, as well as the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Tatarstan and the country's period of de facto independence from Russia in the early 1990s.

Idel-Ural State
The Idel-Ural State (Tatar: Идел-Урал өлкәсе, İdel-Ural ölkäse, ادیل-اورال اولكسی, also İdel-Ural berlege İdel-Ural ştatı), also known as the Volga-Ural State or Idel-Ural Republic, was a short-lasting autonomy of Tatar peoples that claimed to unite the Tatars, Bashkirs, and Chuvash in the turmoil of the Russian Civil War. The republic was proclaimed on 1 March 1918, by a Congress of Muslims from Russia's interior and Siberia, but defeated by Bolsheviks the same month. Idel-Ural means "Volga-Ural" in the Tatar language.
James Seymour (Kent cricketer)
James Seymour (25 October 1879 – 30 September 1930) was an English professional cricketer who played primarily for Kent County Cricket Club in the early years of the 20th century. Seymour made 553 first-class cricket appearances in a career that lasted from 1900 until 1926, scoring over 27,000 runs in his career. He was the cricketer who established in law the principle that income from a benefit match should not normally be taxable in a case ruled on by the High Court in 1927. The judgement has had significant financial impacts over the years for other sports people.

Seymour was born in West Hoathly in Sussex in 1879. He died in 1930 aged 50 four years after he completed his cricket career. His brother John played first-class cricket for Northamptonshire and Sussex.

Benefit (sports)
A benefit is a match or season of activities granted by a sporting body to a loyal sportsman to boost their income before retirement. Often this is in the form of a match for which all the ticket proceeds are given to the player in question. However hosting one of these matches is a risk for the player in question as they are responsible for paying any relevant receipts and collects any excess income from the match, therefore income from such matches is more often than not reliant on attendance.

Sometimes, the "beneficiary" can opt to give part or all of the money to charity. An example of this is Paul Collingwood's 2007 benefit with Durham County Cricket Club. This may also occur when sportsmen unite for a cause, for example the Rafael Nadal vs Roger Federer "Match for Africa" (2010) where more than $2.6 million was raised for the Roger Federer Foundation, enabling children living in poverty to realise their potential.
Ganghwa Island shooting
The Ganghwa Island shooting occurred on July 4, 2011, at 11:50 a.m. at a coastal base in Ganghwa County when Kim Minchan, a South Korean marine corporal assigned to the South Korean 2nd Marine Division, went on a shooting spree towards his team with a K-2 rifle and later attempted a suicide with a grenade. The assault was carried out in a barracks, killing four soldiers while injuring another. Three were killed immediately while the fourth died after being taken to the hospital. One of the fatalities was an officer while the rest were rank-and-file soldiers. The victims included the cousin of South Korean actor, Im Hyeok-pil.

Republic of Korea Marine Corps
The Republic of Korea Marine Corps (ROKMC; Korean: 대한민국 해병대; Hanja: 大韓民國 海兵隊; RR: Daehanminguk Haebyeongdae), also known as the ROK Marine Corps, ROK Marines or South Korean marines, is the naval infantry of South Korea. The ROKMC is a branch of the Republic of Korea Navy responsible for amphibious operations, and also functions as a rapid reaction force and a strategic reserve.

The ROKMC was founded as a suppression operations force against communist partisans in 1949, prior to the Korean War. The ROKMC also fought in combat during the Vietnam War.

The ROK Marine Corps, with 29,000 personnel, is organized into two divisions and two separate brigades under the Headquarters ROK Marine Corps. The ROK Marine Corps has about 300 tracked vehicles including assault amphibious vehicles, main battle tanks, and self-propelled artillery.
Monterey Park Spirit Bus
The Monterey Park Spirit Bus is the transportation service of Monterey Park, California, United States, providing local routes that serve the need of those commuting within the city itself or who plan to connect with rail service to Los Angeles or surrounding suburbs. The bus lines complement the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority's crosstown routes through the city.

Los Angeles Metro
The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority, branded as Metro, is the agency that plans, operates, and coordinates funding for most of the transportation system in Los Angeles County, California, the most populated county in the United States.

Metro directly operates a large public transit system that includes bus, bus rapid transit, light rail, and rapid transit (subway) services. The agency also provides funding for transit it does not operate, including Metrolink commuter rail, municipal bus operators and paratransit services. The agency also provides funding and directs planning for the Los Angeles freeway system and railroad projects within the county.

In 2025, the Metro system had a total ridership of 305,706,300, and had a ridership of 928,600 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025. It is the largest transit agency by ridership in the state of California, and the second-largest in the United States after the New York City Transit Authority.
Haycock boiler
A haycock boiler is an early form of steam locomotive boiler with a prominently raised firebox of "Gothic arch", "haystack", or "coppernob" shape. The term haystack is most commonly used, but is avoided here as it is confusingly used for three quite different forms of boiler. This particularly large outer firebox served as the steam dome and was often highly decorated with polished brass. These were popular for early railway locomotives, from 1840 to the 1850s.

Glossary of boiler terms
Boilers for generating steam or hot water have been designed in countless shapes, sizes and configurations. An extensive terminology has evolved to describe their common features. This glossary provides definitions for these terms.

Terms which relate solely to boilers used for space heating or generating hot water are identified by (HVAC).
Air Indus
Air Indus was a Pakistani private airline based in Karachi operating as a domestic airline. Its headquarters were located in Defence Housing Authority, Karachi. Air Indus started operations on 28 July 2013. However, it was forced to suspend operations on 1 July 2015 after the Civil Aviation Authority suspended its operations for not fulfilling the Pakistani legal requirements of having three operating aircraft after two aircraft were damaged in a terrorist attack at Karachi Jinnah Airport on July 9, 2014. Its main base of operations and hub was Jinnah International Airport, Karachi.

The airline announced resumption of operations in January 2016 but never actually managed to restart its operation due to unavailability of aircraft. The airline's remaining aircraft is in a grounded state near Jinnah International Airport's graveyard.

Jinnah International Airport
Jinnah International Airport (Urdu: جناح بین الاقوامی ہوائی اڈا) (IATA: KHI, ICAO: OPKC), formerly Drigh Road Airport or Karachi International Airport, is Pakistan's second busiest international and domestic airport in terms of total passengers, being surpassed by Islamabad International Airport in 2024–2025. Located in Karachi, the largest city and commercial capital of Pakistan and capital of the province of Sindh, it is named after Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the statesman founder of Pakistan.

The airport is managed by the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority (PCAA), and serves as a hub for the national flag carrier, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), airblue, and many other private airlines. The airport is equipped with aircraft engineering and overhauling facilities including the Ispahani Hangar for wide-body aircraft.
Schinia deserticola
Schinia deserticola is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found from southern California to southeastern Arizona and north to west central Utah and southeastern Oregon.

It was formerly considered a subspecies of Schinia cupes.

The wingspan is 22–28 mm.

The larvae feed on Camissonia claviformis.

Schinia cupes
Schinia cupes is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found from Texas, west to New Mexico and north to Kansas and Colorado.

The wingspan is about 30 mm. Adults are on wing from March to June. There is a second smaller generation flying from late-July to September.

The larvae feed on Camissonia claviformis and Castilleja exserta.
House of Dark Shadows
House of Dark Shadows is a 1970 American feature-length horror film produced and directed by Dan Curtis, based on his Dark Shadows television series. In this film expansion, vampire Barnabas Collins (Jonathan Frid) searches for a cure for vampirism so he can marry Maggie Evans, a woman who resembles his long-lost fiancée Josette du Pres (Kathryn Leigh Scott).

Filming took place at Lyndhurst Estate in Tarrytown, New York, with additional footage at nearby Sleepy Hollow Cemetery. Curtis followed this film one year later with Night of Dark Shadows, another expansion of the Shadows franchise, dealing with the witch Angelique Collins (Lara Parker).

Tarrytown, New York
Tarrytown is a village in the town of Greenburgh in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York metropolitan area. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of Midtown Manhattan in New York City, and is served by a stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Tarrytown is the village of Sleepy Hollow (formerly North Tarrytown). The Tappan Zee Bridge crosses the Hudson at Tarrytown, carrying the New York State Thruway (Interstates 87 and 287) to South Nyack, Rockland County and points in Upstate New York. The population was 11,860 at the 2020 census.

Historically, the name "Tarrytown" was applied to a wider area around the village, including the neighboring communities of what is now Sleepy Hollow, Pocantico Hills, and Eastview; Sleepy Hollow was once considered a suburb of Tarrytown.
Fuck the World (Insane Clown Posse song)
"Fuck the World" is a song by hip hop duo, Insane Clown Posse, performed by member Violent J, and is their second single from their album The Amazing Jeckel Brothers. The song is one of their best known, notable for using the word "fuck" 105 times, 93 times by Violent J, 10 times by Shaggy 2 Dope, and twice by Jumpsteady.

The Amazing Jeckel Brothers
The Amazing Jeckel Brothers is the fifth studio album by American hip hop group Insane Clown Posse, released on May 25, 1999, by Island Records, in association with Psychopathic Records. Recording sessions for the album took place from 1998 to 1999. The album is the fifth Joker's Card in the group's Dark Carnival mythology. The album's lyrics focus on the nine circles of hell and the morality of man as he is torn between righteousness and evil. The album's titular Jeckel Brothers are spirits who juggle balls of fire, representing the sins committed during the mortal life of the dead.

The Amazing Jeckel Brothers was the second studio album Insane Clown Posse released by Island. The Amazing Jeckel Brothers features guest appearances by rappers Ol' Dirty Bastard and Snoop Dogg, and additional contributions by The Jerky Boys and Twiztid. It debuted at number four on the Billboard charts and was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Bendik Bye
Bendik Bye (born 9 March 1990) is a Norwegian football player currently playing as a striker for 1. divisjon club  Ranheim.

After impressive performances for Steinkjer, Bye signed a contract with Ranheim in 2011. After four seasons with Ranheim, Bye went to Levanger in 2015.

After just two seasons with Levanger, Bye signed a contract with Eliteserien side Sogndal on 3 November 2016. He made his debut in the season opener in April 2017.

Levanger FK
Levanger Fotballklubb is a Norwegian football club located in Levanger Municipality. The club currently plays in the 2. divisjon, the third tier of the Norwegian football league system. Founded 20 May 1996, Levanger FK is the result of a merger between SK Nessegutten and IL Sverre.
İsmet Atlı
İsmet Atlı (1931, Çukurören, Adana – 4 April 2014, Adana) was a Turkish Olympic medalist sports wrestler in the Light heavyweight class and a trainer. He won the gold medal in Men's Freestyle wrestling at the 1960 Olympics.

He was born 1931 in Çukurören village of Kozan district in Adana Province of southern Turkey. He began wrestling in 1950 and was trained by the renowned wrestlers Celal Atik and Yaşar Doğu. He performed at the national level 62 times in his wrestling career, which lasted until 1964.

İsmet Atlı competed at several international wrestling events successfully in both wrestling styles and participated at three consecutive Olympic Games in 1952, 1956 and 1960.

After his retirement from the active sports in 1962, İsmet Atlı acted as a trainer. He also worked as a sports journalist.

Celal Atik
Celal Atik (1920 – 27 April 1979) was a Turkish wrestler and coach. He competed both in Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling, but had his best achievements in the freestyle, winning gold medals at the 1948 Olympics, 1951 World and 1946 and 1949 European championships.
Tatterdemalion
Arnold Paffenroth is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Gerry Conway and artist Tom Sutton, the character first appeared in Werewolf by Night #9 (September 1973). Once a talented tap dancer for the movies, Paffenroth lost his career and fortune, suffering a mental breakdown that ultimately drove him into a life of crime. He is known under the codename Tatterdemalion, and has been a member of the Night Shift and Thunderbolts at various points in his history.

Tom Sutton
Thomas F. Sutton (April 15, 1937 – May 1, 2002) was an American comic book artist who sometimes used the pseudonyms Sean Todd and Dementia. He is best known for his contributions to Marvel Comics and Warren Publishing's line of black-and-white horror-comics magazines, particularly as the first story-artist of the popular character Vampirella.
2026 F2000 Italian Formula Trophy
The 2026 TopJet F2000 Italian Formula Trophy is a planned multi-event open-wheel single seater motor racing championship. This will be the thirteenth season of the series, featuring a mix of professional and amateur drivers competing in different classes and using multiple kinds of Formula 3-, Formula Regional-. Formula Renault- and Formula 4-level machinery.

The championship is scheduled to continue its cooperation with the Austria Formula Cup, with the two series sharing grids and race slots on multiple race weekends.

Formula Regional
Formula Regional (FR) is an FIA-approved moniker for certified regional one-make Formula Three championships with the concept being approved during the FIA World Motor Sport Council meeting in December 2017. The first series under new regulations were launched in Asia and North America in 2018, followed by European counterpart in 2019 and Japanese in 2020. On 13 December 2022, the Toyota Racing Series was rebranded as the Formula Regional Oceania Championship.

This step of the FIA Global Pathway ladder serves to close the performance gap between Formula 4 (160 bhp) and global Formula 3 Championship (380 bhp), being powered by 270 bhp engines.
Burgess House (Sebec, Maine)
The Burgess House is a historic house on Burgess Road, just east of Austin Road in Sebec, Maine, United States.  The oldest portion of this wood-frame house dates to about 1816, and was built by Ichabod Young, who erected the first fulling mill in Piscataquis County.  The house is most remarkable for its high-quality interior woodwork, and for the artwork on the walls of several of its rooms, which includes paintings by Rufus Porter and stencilwork by Moses Eaton, Jr., two noted itinerant artists of the early-to-mid 19th century.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Moses Eaton Jr.
Moses Eaton, Jr. (August 3, 1796 – November 16, 1886) was an American itinerant folk stencil artist. His home, with many examples of his work, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.
Wisconsin Highway 157
State Trunk Highway 157 (often called Highway 157, STH-157 or WIS 157) is a short state highway in the US state of Wisconsin. It runs east on Main Street from WIS 35 (Second Avenue) in downtown Onalaska to the US Highway 53 (US 53) freeway. There it turns south, running concurrently with US 53 to the Interstate 90 (I-90) interchange. US 53 leaves WIS 157 to head west on I-90, but WIS 157 continues southeast to WIS 16 at the Valley View Mall.

Wisconsin Highway 16
State Trunk Highway 16 (often called Highway 16, STH-16 or WIS 16) is a Wisconsin state highway running from Pewaukee across the state to La Crosse. Much of its route in the state parallels the former mainline of the Milwaukee Road and current mainline of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Interstate 90 (I-90) or I-94 parallels Highway 16 for most of its length in the state. It serves local traffic in nearby cities including La Crosse, Tomah, Wisconsin Dells, Portage, Columbus, Watertown, Oconomowoc and Waukesha. The highway is mainly two-lane surface road or urban multi-lane expressway from La Crosse to Oconomowoc, and it is a freeway east of Oconomowoc.
The Banquo Legacy
The Banquo Legacy is a BBC Books original novel written by Andy Lane and Justin Richards and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Eighth Doctor, Fitz and Compassion.

Companion (Doctor Who)
In the long-running BBC television science fiction programme Doctor Who and related works, the term "companion" refers to a character who travels with, or shares adventures with, the Doctor. A companion is generally the series' co-lead character alongside the Doctor for the duration of their tenure, and in most Doctor Who stories acts as an audience surrogate by providing the lens through which the viewer is introduced to the story, and often, the series itself.

The companion character often furthers the story by asking questions and getting into trouble; also by helping, rescuing, or challenging the Doctor. This designation is applied to a character by the show's producers and appears in the BBC's promotional material and off-screen fictional terminology. The Doctor also refers to the show's other leads as their "friends" or "assistants"; the British press have also used the latter term.
Sun Qian (jurist)
Sun Qian (Chinese: 孙谦; born December 1959) is a Chinese jurist and former senior prosecutor who served as Deputy Prosecutor General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate. He holds a Doctor of Law degree and is a professor and doctoral supervisor at the China University of Political Science and Law. Sun joined the Chinese Communist Party in December 1982 and entered public service in August 1983.

China University of Political Science and Law
The China University of Political Science and Law (CUPL; Chinese: 中国政法大学) is a national public university in Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education and co-sponsored with the Beijing Municipal People's Government. The university is part of Project 211 and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university focuses on the fields of law, politics, economics, management, sociology, history, and philosophy. CUPL has two campuses, one in Haidian as the original campus of the university, and the other located in Changping. At present, Haidian campus only conducts postgraduate education while undergraduates study on the larger Changping campus. In 2015, CUPL comprises 13 schools, with 15,833 students and 951 faculty members, of whom 290 are professors. CUPL maintains a broad international exchange program, with approximately 1000 foreign students from many countries.
Melissa (1997 TV series)
Melissa is a five-part British television crime drama series, written and produced by screenwriter Alan Bleasdale, that broadcast across five nights from 12 to 20 May 1997 on Channel 4. Based upon the 1964 play by playwright Francis Durbridge, the series stars Tim Dutton, Julie Walters and Adrian Dunbar in the principal roles, and is the fourth adaptation of the play for television, following the 1964 original, an Italian adaptation in 1966, and a BBC adaptation in 1974 starring Peter Barkworth and Joan Benham.

Notably, the first three episodes are based entirely upon a single line of dialogue featured in the original play, and have been described as somewhat of a "prequel" to the original. The complete series was released via 4DVD on 12 June 2006, available as an individual title or in a box set with two of Bleasdale's other Channel 4 productions, G.B.H and Jake's Progress.

Adrian Dunbar
Adrian Dunbar (born 1 August 1958) is an Irish actor, director and singer, known for his television and theatre work. He co-wrote and starred in the 1991 film Hear My Song, nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the BAFTA awards.

Dunbar is also known for playing Superintendent Ted Hastings in the hit BBC crime drama Line of Duty (2012–21). He has also appeared as Alan Cox in The Jump, Martin Summers in Ashes to Ashes, Richard Plantagenet in The Hollow Crown and Father Flaherty in Broken. Since 2022, Dunbar has starred in the lead role of Alex Ridley in the ITV detective series Ridley. In 2024 he starred in Kiss Me Kate on stage.

Notable film work includes My Left Foot (1989), The Crying Game (1992) and deleted scenes in Star Wars: The Phantom Menace (1999). His TV guest appearances include Inspector Morse, Cracker, A Touch of Frost, Silk, Scott & Bailey, Silent Witness and Inside No. 9.
Amar Memić
Amar Memić (pronounced [ǎmar měmitɕ]; born 20 January 2001) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Czech First League club Viktoria Plzeň and the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team.

Memić started his professional career at Radnik Hadžići, before joining Bravo in 2021. The following year, he moved to Karviná. In 2025, he signed with Viktoria Plzeň.

A former youth international for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Memić made his senior international debut in 2025.

NK Bravo
Nogometni klub Bravo (English: Bravo Football Club), commonly referred simply as Bravo, is a Slovenian professional football club from Ljubljana, which plays in the Slovenian PrvaLiga, the top level of the football league system in the country. The club was founded in 2006.