hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pure bending
In solid mechanics, pure bending (also known as the theory of simple bending) is a condition of stress where a bending moment is applied to a beam without the simultaneous presence of axial, shear, or torsional forces.
Pure bending occurs only under a constant bending moment (M) since the shear force (V), which is equal to  has to be equal to zero. In reality, a state of pure bending does not practically exist, because such a state needs an absolutely weightless member. The state of pure bending is an approximation made to derive formulas.

Beam (structure)
A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally across its axis (an element designed to carry a load pushing parallel to its axis would be a strut or column). A beam's mode of deflection is primarily by bending, as loads produce reaction forces at the beam's support points and internal bending moments, shear, stresses, strains, and deflections. Beams are characterized by their manner of support, profile (shape of cross-section), equilibrium conditions, length, and material.

Beams are traditionally descriptions of building or civil engineering structural elements, where the beams are horizontal and carry vertical loads. However, any structure may contain beams, such as automobile frames, aircraft components, machine frames, and other mechanical or structural systems. Any structural element, in any orientation, that primarily resists loads applied laterally across the element's axis is a beam.
Lady Knox Geyser
The Lady Knox Geyser is a geyser in the Waiotapu area of the Taupō Volcanic Zone in New Zealand. It is named after Lady Constance Knox, the second daughter of Uchter Knox, 15th Governor of New Zealand. The geyser is induced to erupt daily at 10:15 am by dropping a surfactant into the opening of the vent. Eruptions produce a jet of water reaching up to 20m and can last for over an hour, depending on the weather. The visible spout is made of rocks placed around the base of the spring to enhance the eruption; over the years silica from the eruptions has built up to give a white cone-shaped appearance.

Because the geyser was discovered early in the 20th century, it has no Māori name, unlike almost every other thermal feature in New Zealand.

Taupō Volcanic Zone
The Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ) is a volcanic area in the North Island of New Zealand. It has been active for at least the past two million years and is still highly active.

Mount Ruapehu marks its south-western end and the zone runs north-eastward through the Taupō and Rotorua areas and offshore into the Bay of Plenty. It is part of a larger Central Volcanic Region that extends to the Coromandel Peninsula and has been active for four million years. The zone is contained within the tectonic intra-arc continental Taupō Rift and this rift volcanic zone is widening unevenly east–west, with the greatest rate of widening at the Bay of Plenty coast, the least at Mount Ruapehu and a rate of about 8 mm (0.31 in) per year at Taupō. The zone is named after Lake Taupō, the flooded caldera of the largest volcano in the zone, the Taupō Volcano and contains a large central volcanic plateau as well as other landforms.
New Anniesland
New Anniesland is a sports ground in the Anniesland area of Glasgow, Scotland, used for rugby union and cricket. Owned by The Glasgow Academical Club, a sports and social club for alumni of The Glasgow Academy, it is the home ground of Glasgow Academicals RFC and Glasgow Academical Cricket Club.

The Glasgow Academy
The Glasgow Academy is a private coeducational day school for pupils aged 3–18 in Glasgow, Scotland.

It is one of the top performing independent schools in Scotland for SQA Higher Results in 2025.

Founded in 1845, it is the oldest continuously fully independent school in Glasgow, Scotland. In 1991, The Glasgow Academy merged with Westbourne School for Girls, adopting the distinctive purple of its uniform in the school badge and tartan. It is located in the Kelvinbridge area and has approximately 1680 pupils, split between three preparatory school sites and senior school.

The current Rector is Dr Matt Gibson, who has held the position since January 2025.
Bad Memory Eraser
Bad Memory Eraser (Korean: 나쁜 기억 지우개) is a 2024 South Korean television series written by Jung Eun-young, directed by Yoon Ji-hoon and Kim Na-young, and starring Kim Jae-joong, Jin Se-yeon, Lee Jong-won, and Yang Hye-ji. It aired on MBN from August 2, to September 21, 2024, every Friday and Saturday at 21:40 (KST). It is also available for streaming on Netflix, TVING, Wavve in South Korea, on U-Next in Japan, and on Viki in selected regions.

Wavve
Wavve (Korean: 웨이브) is a South Korean subscription video on-demand, over-the-top, streaming television service operated by SK Telecom. Wavve distributes television series, specials, variety shows, films, documentaries, animations, and sports.
HD 45166
HD 45166 is a binary consisting of a so-called quasi Wolf–Rayet (qWR) star and a B-type main-sequence star, near the cluster NGC 2244, in the constellation of Monoceros. A quasi Wolf–Rayet star has a spectrum resembling those of Wolf–Rayet stars, but being less massive and luminous than a true Wolf–Rayet. The primary of HD 45166 is currently the only known example of a qWR star.

In 2023, the primary of HD 45166 was also found to be extremely magnetic, the most magnetic massive star known. It is currently the only Wolf-Rayet star in which a significant magnetic field was measured. It has a magnetic field strength of up to 43 kG, or about 43,000 times the Sun's magnetic field strength. If it ends its life as a type Ib/IIb supernova, the remnant will likely be a magnetar.

Magnetar
A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field (~109 to 1011 T, ~1013 to 1015 G). The magnetic-field decay (or dissipation) powers the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.

The existence of magnetars was proposed in 1992 by Robert Duncan and Christopher Thompson following earlier work by Jonathan I. Katz on the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 0525-66, then called a gamma-ray burst.

Their proposal sought to explain the properties of transient sources of gamma rays, now known as soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). Over the following decade, the magnetar hypothesis became widely accepted, and was extended to explain anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs). As of July 2021, 24 magnetars have been confirmed.

It has been suggested that magnetars are the source of fast radio bursts (FRB), in particular as a result of findings in 2020 by scientists using the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) radio telescope.
2009 North American Christmas blizzard
The 2009 North American Christmas blizzard was a powerful winter storm and severe weather event that affected the Midwestern United States, Great Plains, Southeastern United States, the Eastern Seaboard, and parts of Ontario. The storm began to develop on December 22 before intensifying to produce extreme winds and precipitation by the morning of December 24. The storm's rapid development made it difficult for forecasters to predict. The blizzard was reported to have claimed at least 21 lives, and disrupted air travel during the Christmas travel season. In the Southeastern and Central United States, an outbreak of 28 tornadoes occurred between December 23–24. The storm, a Category 5 "Extreme" one on the Regional Snowfall Index scale, was the first winter weather event to rank as such since the North American blizzard of 1996.

Winter storms of 2009–10 in East Asia
The East Asian snowstorms of 2009–2010 were heavy winter storms, including blizzards, ice storms, and other winter events, that affected East Asia from 8 May 2009 to 28 February 2010. The areas affected included Mongolia, China (the P.R.C.), Nepal, the Korean Peninsula, Japan, Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk,  Primorsky, and Sakhalin Island.
Simone Roganti
Simone Roganti (25 August 2003 – 30 August 2024) was an Italian professional cyclist. In July 2024, he finished in seventh position in the Giro della Valle d'Aosta, after having achieved seventh place in the first stage between Saint-Gervais and Passy and a runner-up finish in the Giro del Veneto. In 2021 he participated in the Giro della Lunigiana representing Italy.

Giro della Lunigiana
Giro della Lunigiana is a four-day road bicycle race for junior men (age 17 and 18) in the historical territory Lunigiana (currently the provinces of La Spezia and Massa Carrara), Italy. The race, class 2.1 MJ on the UCI calendar, counts as a big event in the junior men category. Famous Italian pro riders such as Gilberto Simoni, Danilo Di Luca, Damiano Cunego and Vincenzo Nibali won this race when they were juniors; as did future international stars including grand tour winners Tao Geoghegan Hart, Remco Evenepoel and Tadej Pogačar.
St. Joseph's Community College, Bengaluru
St. Joseph's Community College was founded in 2005 by the Society of Jesus and shares a campus with St. Joseph's Indian High School in Bangalore, India. Its focus is on employability and entrepreneurship skills for those who are not pursuing a university education.

St. Joseph's Indian High School
St. Joseph's Indian High School is a private Catholic primary and secondary school and private pre-university and community college located in Bangalore, in the state of Karnataka, India. It traces its origins to a secondary school founded by the Paris Foreign Missions Society in 1904 on St. John's Hill. The Society of Jesus took over the administration of the school in 1937.
Chitra Dewi
Rara Patma Dewi Tjitrohadiseikusumo (26 January 1930 – 28 October 2008), best known under her stage name Chitra Dewi, was an Indonesian actress and director. She was noted for her roles in Usmar Ismail's films of the 1950s, appearing in films such as Tamu Agung (Exalted Guest, 1955), Tiga Dara (Three Maidens, 1956), and Pedjuang (Warriors for Freedom, 1960), although she remained active in cinema until 1993 and won a Citra Award for Best Supporting Actress at the 1979 Indonesian Film Festival for Gara-gara Isteri Muda (Because of a Young Wife, 1977). Dewi also had a brief stint film directing in 1971, making her one of only six Indonesian women to direct a film before 1998. She was the part of Classical Indonesian Cinema.

Usmar Ismail
Usmar Ismail (20 March 1921 – 2 January 1971) was an Indonesian film director, author, journalist and revolutionary of Minangkabau descent. He is widely regarded as the native Indonesian pioneer of the cinema of Indonesia.
Manimekalai (1940 film)
Manimekalai (also known as Balasanyasini) is a 1940 Indian Tamil-language film directed and photographed by Bomman Irani. It is based on the epic of the same name by Chithalai Chathanar. The film stars K. B. Sundarambal as the title character. It was released on 23 November 1940, and failed commercially.

K. B. Sundarambal
Kodumudi Balambal Sundarambal (11 October 1908 – 19 September 1980) was an Indian actress and singer from Erode district, Tamil Nadu. She performed in Tamil cinema and was referred to as the "Queen of the Indian stage." A political activist during the Indian independence movement, K.B. Sundarambal was the first film personality to enter a state legislature in India.
Multitarn
Multitarn (also called Multitarndruck, Multi camouflage print) is a six‑color disruptive camouflage pattern developed by the German Bundeswehr as a universal replacement for the standard Flecktarn and Tropentarn patterns. Initially fielded as of 2016 to elite units such as the Kommando Spezialkräfte (KSK) and Kommando Spezialkräfte der Marine (KSM), it is planned for phased issue across the entire Bundeswehr by 2029.

Multi-Terrain Pattern
The Multi-Terrain Pattern (MTP) is the standard camouflage pattern of the British Armed Forces. It is a modified version of Crye’s Multicam pattern using the same colour palette but with shapes that resemble the UK’s previous DPM pattern.

As part of the British Ministry of Defence's (MOD) Personal Equipment and Common Operational Clothing (PECOC) programme, three new camouflage patterns were considered for issue to British forces. These were a revised temperate Disruptive Pattern Material (DPM) using lighter colours, a new three-colour desert pattern with enhanced utility for night-time operations, and a hybrid four colour scheme using two colours from each of the previous patterns for use on webbing in all terrains.
Welland (Kettering BC Ward)
Welland Ward, was a 1-member ward representing an area in the North-west of the Kettering Borough Council area. In 2021, Kettering Borough Council was abolished, and replaced by the North Northamptonshire Unitary authority.

North Northamptonshire
North Northamptonshire is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Northamptonshire, England, and was created in 2021. The council is based in Corby, the district's largest town. Other notable towns are Kettering, Wellingborough, Rushden, Raunds, Desborough, Rothwell, Irthlingborough, Thrapston and Oundle.

North Northamptonshire borders the City of Peterborough, Rutland, Milton Keynes, Huntingdonshire, Bedford, Harborough, West Northamptonshire and South Kesteven districts.

It has a string of lakes along the Nene Valley Conservation Park, associated heritage railway, the village of Fotheringhay which has tombs of the House of York as well as a towering church supported by flying buttresses. This division has a well-preserved medieval castle in private hands next to Corby – Rockingham Castle – and about 20 other notable country houses, many of which have visitor gardens or days.
Jordan McFarlane-Archer
Jordan Junior McFarlane-Archer (born 11 November 1993) is an English former professional footballer who plays as a forward for Southern League Premier Division Central club Stourbridge.

McFarlane-Archer spent his early career with a multitude of non-League clubs, including: Chasetown, Coleshill Town, Cradley Town, Tipton Town, Tividale, Redditch United, Boldmere St. Michaels, Bedworth United and Stourbridge. He turned professional after being signed to Chester in October 2017 and then entered the English Football League with a move to Bury in July 2018. From Bury, he was loaned out to Maidenhead United and Southport, before joining Port Vale after Bury were expelled from the Football League in August 2019. Having failed to break into the Vale first team, he was loaned to Stockport County in January 2020. He signed for Boston United in September 2020 and moved on to Southport two months later. He spent a year out of the game before he signed with Stourbridge in August 2025.

Chasetown F.C.
Chasetown Football Club is an English football club based in the Chasetown area of Burntwood, Staffordshire.  The club plays in the Northern Premier League First Division West and is nicknamed The Scholars, having been formed by affiliates of nearby Chase Terrace High School in the Chase Terrace area of Burntwood.

Chasetown gained national recognition in November 2005 when the BBC televised the club's FA Cup first round home tie with Oldham Athletic, in which the team held their Football League opponents to a 1–1 draw.  They went on to finish the 2005–06 season as Midland Alliance champions and gain promotion.  In the 2007–08 F.A Cup the Scholars defeated Port Vale 1–0 in a Second Round replay. In doing so, they became the lowest ranked club to reach the Third Round Proper of the FA Cup before losing to eventual finalists Cardiff City.
Bruno Alves
Bruno Eduardo Regufe Alves ComM (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbɾunu ˈalvɨʃ]; born 27 November 1981) is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a central defender, currently sporting director of Super League Greece club AEK Athens.

He began and spent most of his professional career at Porto, where he won a total of nine titles and appeared in 171 official games. He also won trophies in Russia with Zenit Saint Petersburg, and in Turkey with Fenerbahçe.

A senior Portugal international since 2007, Alves represented the country in three World Cups, three European Championships and one Confederations Cup, winning Euro 2016 and earning 96 caps in the process.

Sporting director
A sporting director, or director of sport, is an executive management position in a sports club. The role is well known as a management role for European football clubs, which are sometime also "sports clubs", offering many types of sports. The sporting director is, in many cases, a member of the executive board and therefore an executive director. The sporting director is usually directly subordinate to the chief executive officer or the chairman of the sports organisation. The sporting director is in turn typically the manager of the coaching staff.
2007–08 Primera B Nacional
The 2007–08 Argentine Primera B Nacional was the 22nd season of second division professional football in Argentina. A total of 20 teams competed; the champion and runner-up were promoted to Argentine Primera División.

Primera Nacional
Primera Nacional, (usually called simply Nacional B, (English "National B Division"), and known as Primera B Nacional until the 2019–20 season) popularly known as La B (The B), is the second division of the Argentine football league system. The competition is made up of 38 teams.

It is played by teams from all over the country. Clubs from Buenos Aires surroundings, as well as some from Santa Fe Province, are promoted from or relegated to the Primera B Metropolitana ("Metropolitan B Division") while for teams from the other provinces the Torneo Federal A ("Federal A Tournament") is the next level down. In Argentine football, Primera Nacional is the second-highest league, and from it, the three best teams are automatically promoted to Primera División.

Primera B Nacional games are often transmitted to Argentina and abroad on television by TyC Sports.
William de Botreaux, 3rd Baron Botreaux
William de Botreaux, 3rd Baron Botreaux (1389–1462) was a baron, whose holdings were in Somerset and the south-west of England. He inherited from his father the barony by writ of Botreaux as well as substantial family landholdings which included a moiety of the feudal barony of North Cadbury, Somerset, in the parish church of which capital manor he was buried, as he requested in his will.

North Cadbury
North Cadbury is a village and civil parish 5 miles (8 km) west of Wincanton, by the River Cam, in Somerset, England. It shares its parish council with nearby Yarlington and its civil parish includes the village of Galhampton, which got its name from the settlement of the rent-paying peasants, and the hamlet of Woolston. In 2021 the parish had a population of 1,009, up from 950 in 2011.
Holocola parthenia
Holocola parthenia is a species of moth in the family Tortricidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North, South and the Chatham Islands. Larvae feed on Leucopogon fasciculatus. This moth is one of the earliest to emerge in the New Zealand spring with adults being observed from August to December. Adults are attracted to light.

Leucopogon fasciculatus
Leucopogon fasciculatus, commonly known as tall mingimingi, is a species of shrub within the family Ericaceae. It is endemic to New Zealand. This species is found in the North Island north of the Bay of Plenty and Taranaki. In the South Island, it is found in north west Nelson. It is present in the red and silver beech forests admixed with rimu and miro podocarps in the northern South Island.

Leucopogon fasciculatus is the host plant for the New Zealand endemic moth species Pyrgotis pyramidias.
G.I. movement
The G.I. movement was the resistance to military involvement in the Vietnam War from active duty soldiers in the United States military.
Within the military popular forms of resistance included combat refusals, fragging, and desertion. By the end of the war at least 450 officers were killed in fraggings, or about 250 from 1969–1971, over 300 refused to engage in combat and approximately 50,000 American servicemen deserted. Along with resistance inside the U.S. military, civilians opened up various G.I. coffeehouses near military bases where civilians could meet with soldiers and could discuss and cooperate in the anti-war movement.

Fort Hood Three
The Fort Hood Three were three United States Army soldiers – Private First Class James Johnson, Private David A. Samas, and Private Dennis Mora – who refused to be deployed to fight in the Vietnam War on June 30, 1966. This was the first public refusal of orders to Vietnam, and one of the earliest acts of resistance to the war from within the U.S. military. Their refusal was widely publicized (it was covered, for example, at least 20 times in the New York Times) and became a cause célèbre within the growing antiwar movement. They filed a federal suit against Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara and Secretary of the Army Stanley Resor to prevent their shipment to Southeast Asia and were court-martialed by the Army for insubordination.
Old Merchants and Farmers Bank Building
The Old Merchants and Farmers Bank Building, also known as the Old Public Library, is a historic bank building located at Emporia, Virginia. It was built in 1902, and is a one-story, eclectic, red and yellow brick structure with a concave mansard roof.  The front facade features a galvanized sheet-metal cornice that may have been manufactured by H. T. Klugel. The bank occupied the building until 1914, after which it housed the public library until 1977.  It is currently occupied by the Greensville-Emporia Historical Museum.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The former bank is also located within the Hicksford–Emporia Historic District.

H. T. Klugel Architectural Sheet Metal Work Building
H. T. Klugel Architectural Sheet Metal Work Building is a historic factory building located at Emporia, Virginia. It was built in 1914, and is a one-story, five bay wide, brick structure with stepped parapets on the sides.  The front facade is sheathed in decorative silver and black painted worked sheet metal in an Edwardian Classicism style.  It features large rounded arches with a fan tracery filling the top of the arch.  It also has a balustrade with pedestals capped by onion domes that top the east and west bays.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is located in the Belfield-Emporia Historic District.
Latham Circle Mall
Latham Circle Mall was an enclosed shopping mall located adjacent to the Latham Circle (the intersection of US 9 and NY 2) in Latham, New York. Built in 1957 as Latham Corners Shopping Center, the mall was renovated several times in its history, most notably in 1977 when it became a fully enclosed and temperature-controlled shopping mall.

Around the mid 2000s, the mall started to lose tenants, eventually becoming a dead mall. By 2013, the mall was to be redeveloped and shuttered while JCPenney, which has been part of the complex since it opened in 1957, remained. Demolition of the mall began in March of that year.

Dead mall
A dead mall, also known as a ghost mall or zombie mall, is a shopping mall that has low consumer traffic or is deteriorating in some manner.

Many malls in North America are considered "dead" when they have no surviving anchor store or successor that could attract people to the mall. Without the pedestrian traffic that department stores previously generated, sales volumes decline for almost all stores and rental revenues from those stores can no longer sustain the costly maintenance of the malls.