hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kolathur, Salem
Kolathur  is a panchayat town in Mettur taluk of Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is one of the 31 panchayat towns in the district. Spread across an area of 9.45 km2 (3.65 sq mi), it had a population of 12,745 individuals as per the 2011 census.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
2020 GT World Challenge America
The 2020 GT World Challenge America powered by AWS is the 14th season of the United States Auto Club's GT World Challenge America, the third season under ownership of the SRO Motorsports Group and the first season without Blancpain sponsorship. The season began on 7 March in Austin and will end on 4 October at Indianapolis.

SRO Motorsports Group
SRO Motorsports Group (formerly the Stéphane Ratel Organisation) is an international sporting organisation best known for promoting and running a variety of racing events and series, including the CrowdStrike 24 Hours of Spa, Intercontinental GT Challenge and Fanatec GT World Challenge Europe.

The company was founded in 1995 by Stéphane Ratel and is now considered the global leader in GT racing. SRO also organises the multi-disciplinary FIA Motorsport Games, as well as e-sports events and touring car categories. As of 2020 it keeps offices in London, Paris, Liège and Hong Kong, while Ratel continues to act as CEO.
38 Londres Street
38 Londres Street: On Impunity, Pinochet in England, and a Nazi in Patagonia is a 2025 non-fiction book by Philippe Sands, published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson and Alfred A. Knopf. The book covers the attempted extraditions of Augusto Pinochet and Walther Rauff, and explores connections between the two men. The book is the third in a trilogy on international law, following East West Street (2016) and The Ratline (2021).

East West Street
East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity is a 2016 book by Philippe Sands that examines the lives of two Jewish lawyers, Hersch Lauterpacht and Raphael Lemkin, born within three years of each other and students in the same city on the eastern outskirts of Europe, Lviv, who created the legal concepts of crimes against humanity and genocide. It is a memoir and history of the origins of international criminal law in the aftermath of the Second World War.
Sangagiri
Sangagiri is a municipality in Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is situated on the National Highway 544, on the Coimbatore - Salem section.

Sangagiri is known for Sangagiri fort, lorries and lorry building industries. It is the headquarters of Sangagiri revenue district comprising Edappadi. It is also the headquarters of Sangagiri educational district.

Salem, Tamil Nadu
Salem (pronounced [seːlam] ⓘ) is a major tier II city in Salem district, located on the banks of the Thirumanimutharu river in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu surrounded by mountains. Salem is the fifth largest urban agglomeration in the state, and the third largest metropolitan region. The city is 124 km2 (48 sq mi) large.
Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau
Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau (lit. 'Industrial Association for Vehicle Construction'), usually abbreviated as IFA, was a conglomerate and a union of companies for vehicle construction in the former East Germany.

IFA produced bicycles, motorcycles, light commercial vehicles, automobiles, tractors, vans and heavy trucks. All East German vehicle manufacturers were part of the IFA, including Barkas, EMW (which made Wartburg cars), IWL, MZ, Multicar, Robur, Sachsenring (which made Trabant cars) and Simson.

Robur (truck)
Robur was a marque of the Volkseigener Betrieb VEB Robur-Werke Zittau of East Germany (GDR). It mainly produced 3-ton trucks. The vehicles were mainly produced in the town of Zittau in what is now South-East Saxony. Until 1946, company produced under the marque Phänomen (English: Phenomenon), and until 1957 under the name VEB Phänomen Zittau.
57th Bodil Awards
The 58th Bodil Awards were held on 7 March 2004 in Imperial Cinema in Copenhagen, Denmark, honouring the best national and foreign films of 2003. Peter Mygind og Mette Horn hosted the event. Lars von Trier's Dogville won the award for Best Danish Film while The Inheritance won the awards for best actor in leading and supporting roles and Lykkevej won the awards for best actress in leading and supporting roles.

The Inheritance (2003 film)
The Inheritance (Danish: Arven) is a 2003 Danish film directed by Per Fly. It is released as Inheritance in the United Kingdom.

The screenplay was written by Kim Leona, Per Fly and Mogens Rukov produced by Ib Tardini, and starred Ulrich Thomsen and Lisa Werlinder.
Decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador
The decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador took place on 25 November 1997, when the Constitutional Tribunal issued a landmark decision in Case 111-97-TC declaring the first clause of Article 516 of the Penal Code – which criminalized same-sex sexual relations as a crime with a penalty of four to eight years of imprisonment – unconstitutional. The ruling put an end to more than one hundred years of criminalization of homosexuality and was the result of a claim filed by different LGBTQ groups as a response to the police abuses usually experienced by sexually diverse individuals in Ecuador.

Sexual diversity
Sexual diversity or gender and sexual diversity (GSD), refers to all the diversities of sex characteristics, sexual orientations and gender identities, without the need to specify each of the identities, behaviors, or characteristics that form this plurality.
Jessica Alves
Jessica Alves (formerly Rodrigo Alves; born 30 July 1983) is a Brazilian-British television personality noted for having undergone dozens of plastic surgeries to alter her appearance. Prior to her 2020 transition, she was often referred to as a human Ken doll. She has since been referred to as the human Barbie doll.

Ken (doll)
Kenneth Sean "Ken" Carson Jr. is a fashion doll introduced by American toy company Mattel in 1961 as the counterpart of Barbie, who had been introduced two years earlier.

Similar to Barbie, Ken is from Willows, Wisconsin, and has a fashionable line of clothing and accessories (although he made his debut wearing only a swimsuit). In the Barbie mythos, Ken met Barbie on the set of a TV commercial and is her boyfriend, per promotional box inscriptions from his debut until 2018. As of September 2022, he is perceived as one of Barbie's main friends. Since his debut, Ken has held over 40 occupations, the latest being "beach" (standing in the sand and surveying the waves), as depicted in the 2023 Barbie film, portrayed by Ryan Gosling, et al.
Roslin Castle
Roslin Castle (sometimes spelt Rosslyn) is a partially ruined castle near the village of Roslin in Midlothian, Scotland. It is located around 9 mi (14 km) south of Edinburgh, on the north bank of the North Esk, only a few hundred metres from the famous Rosslyn Chapel.

There has been a castle on the site since the early 14th century, when the Sinclair family, Earls of Caithness and Barons of Roslin, fortified the site, although the present ruins are of slightly later date. Following destruction during the War of the Rough Wooing of 1544, the castle was rebuilt. This structure, built into the cliffs of Roslin Glen, has remained at least partially habitable ever since. The castle is accessed via a high bridge, which replaced an earlier drawbridge. Roslin was renovated in the 1980s and now serves as holiday accommodation.

River Esk, Lothian
The River Esk (Brythonic: Isca (water), Scottish Gaelic: Easg (water)), also called the Lothian Esk, is a river that flows through Midlothian and East Lothian, Scotland.

It initially runs as two separate rivers: the North Esk and the South Esk.
Charles J. Watters
Charles Joseph Watters (January 17, 1927 – November 19, 1967) was a chaplain (major) in the United States Army and Roman Catholic priest. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for bravery exhibited while rescuing wounded men in the Vietnam War's Battle of Dak To.

Born in 1927, Watters joined the Air National Guard in 1962. He left the Guard in 1964 to join the Chaplain Corps, and embarked on his first tour in Vietnam, taking part in Operation Junction City and earning medals during the tour. On an extension of his tour, during the Battle of Dak To, Watters rescued many wounded men from enemy fire, but was killed by a friendly bomb strike from an American bomber.

Chaplain Corps (United States Army)
The United States Army Chaplain Corps (USACC) consists of ordained clergy of multiple faiths who are commissioned Army officers serving as military chaplains as well as enlisted soldiers who serve as assistants. Their purpose is to offer religious church services, counseling, and moral support to the armed forces, whether in peacetime or at war.

Established on 29 July 1775, by an act of Congress to serve the Continental Army, the chaplaincy has been involved in every armed conflict in which the United States has partaken. Many different modes of operation and structures have been used over the course of the Corps' existence; currently, chaplains, duly endorsed by a religious body, serve as commissioned officers alongside an enlisted Religious Affairs Specialist; together, they make a Unit Ministry Team, assigned to battalion-level units and higher.
Munster cheese
Munster (French pronunciation: [mœ̃stɛʁ] ⓘ), Munster-géromé, or (Alsatian) Minschterkaas, is a soft cheese with a strong taste and aroma, made mainly from milk first produced in the Vosges, between the Alsace, Lorraine and Franche-Comté regions in France. The name "Munster" is derived from the Alsatian town of Munster, where, among Vosgian abbeys and monasteries, the cheese was conserved and matured in monks' cellars. "Géromé", a variant from munster, comes from the Vosgien patois pronunciation of the town of Gérardmer, located on the Lorrain side of the Vosges mountains, where it originates.

Vosges
The Vosges (/voʊʒ/ VOHZH, French: [voʒ] ⓘ; German: Vogesen [voˈɡeːzn̩] ⓘ; Franconian and Alemannic German: Vogese) is a range of medium mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort–Ronchamp–Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt–Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain.

The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at 1,424 m (4,672 ft), followed by the Storkenkopf (1,366 m, 4,482 ft), and the Hohneck (1,364 m, 4,475 ft).
Baba Deep Singh
Baba Deep Singh (26 January 1682 – 13 November 1757) is revered among Sikhs as one of the most hallowed martyrs in Sikhism. He is remembered for his sacrifice and devotion to the teachings of the Sikh Gurus. Baba Deep Singh was the first head of Misl Shaheedan Tarna Dal   –  an order of the Khalsa military established by Nawab Kapur Singh, the then head of Sharomani Panth Akali Buddha Dal. The Damdami Taksal also state that he was the first head of their order. He is remembered by Sikhs as one of their notable martyrs of the 18th century.

Nawab Kapur Singh
Nawab Kapur Singh (1697 – 9 October 1753) was a major Sikh leader who led the community during the early-to-mid 18th century. He was the organizer of the Sikh Confederacy and its military force, the Dal Khalsa. He is held in high regards by Sikhs.
Mount Serle
Mount Serle is the name of both a mountain peak and a former sheep station in the Flinders Ranges of South Australia. Known by the name Arta-wararlpanha, the location is also of important cultural and spiritual significance to the Adnyamathanha people, who lived there long before European settlement in the mid-19th century. The Greenwood family were prominent pastoralists as well as mineral prospectors in the area, in particular William Bentley Greenwood and his son Gordon Arthur Greenwood. W. B. Greenwood discovered the uranium deposits at Mount Painter (now part of Arkaroola Protection Area), which were identified by geologist Douglas Mawson in 1910. The station was poor pastoral country, and has been destocked. Although not an official protected area, is home to many native animals.

Sheep station
A sheep station is  a large property (station, the equivalent of a ranch) in Australia or New Zealand, the main activity of which is the raising of sheep for their wool and/or meat. In Australia, sheep stations are usually in the south-east or south-west of the country. In New Zealand the Merinos are usually in the high country of the South Island. These properties may be thousands of square kilometres in size and run low stocking rates to be able to sustainably provide enough feed and water for the stock.

In Australia, the owner of a sheep station may be called a pastoralist, a grazier, or formerly a squatter (as in "Waltzing Matilda"), when their sheep grazing land was referred to as a sheep run.
Wattle Glen railway station
Wattle Glen station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Hurstbridge line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the north-eastern suburb of Wattle Glen, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Wattle Glen station is a ground level unstaffed station, featuring one side platform. It opened on 25 June 1912.

Initially opened as Balee, it was changed to Wattleglen (one word) on 14 August 1922. However, currently the station is signed and commonly known as Wattle Glen (two words).

Hurstbridge railway station
Hurstbridge station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne and the terminus of the Hurstbridge line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the north-eastern suburb of Hurstbridge, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Hurstbridge station is a ground level host station, featuring a single platform. It opened on 25 June 1912.

Initially opened as Hurst's Bridge, the station was given its current name of Hurstbridge on 9 December 1912.
Dashwood Strettell
Major-General Sir Chauncy Batho Dashwood Strettell, KCIE, CB (6 August 1881 – 27 January 1958), known by his middle name "Dashwood", was a senior officer in the British Indian Army. A graduate of Wellington College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1900. He served in Burma and India, and participated in the Mesopotamian campaign in the First World War.

Promoted to major general in 1934, he was deputy quarter master general and director of movements in India from July 1935 to February 1936 and then director of the organisation in India until November 1936, when he became commander of the Peshawar District. He retired in 1940, but was recalled active service as a group commandant of the prisoner of war camps in 1941. He was director of demobilisation and reconstruction in Indian from 1941 to 1943, before retiring for the last time in 1944.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Miocochilius
Miocochilius is an extinct genus of small notoungulate mammals (typotheres) native to South America. The genus lived during the Middle Miocene epoch (Laventan in the SALMA classification). The genus contains two described species, the type species M. anomopodus described in 1953 by Ruben Arthur Stirton and M. federicoi, described and included in the genus by Darin A. Croft.

Fossils of Miocochilius have been found at the Lagerstätte of La Venta in the Honda Group of Colombia, where it is the most abundant mammal, the Honda Group of Bolivia (M. federicoi) and the Ipururo Formation in the Ucayali Basin of Peru. The typothere lived alongside a rich faunal assemblage comprising many other mammals, crocodylians, turtles and lizards.

Pericotoxodon
Pericotoxodon is an extinct genus of toxodontid notoungulate, from the Miocene period. Fossils of Pericotoxodon were found near Río Inuya and Mapuya in Peru, and in La Venta, Colombia and Bolivia, in deposits dated to the Middle Miocene.
George Stroumboulopoulos
George Mark Paul Stroumboulopoulos CM (/ˌstrɒmbəˈlɒpələs/; Greek: Γεώργιος Μάρκος Παύλος Στρουμπουλόπουλος; born August 16, 1972) is a Canadian media personality, television host and podcaster. He is one of Canada's most popular broadcasters and best known as formerly being a VJ for the Canadian music television channel MuchMusic. He was also the host and co-executive producer of the CBC Television talk show George Stroumboulopoulos Tonight (formerly The Hour) from 2005 to 2014. From 2014 to 2016, Stroumboulopoulos worked for Rogers Media, anchoring Hockey Night in Canada and the NHL on Rogers. From 2009 to 2023, he was a radio host on CBC Music. Most recently, he joined Apple Music Radio as host of a Monday to Thursday live show.

Apple Music 1
Apple Music 1, previously branded as Beats 1, is a 24/7 music radio station owned and operated by Apple Inc. It is accessible through iTunes or the Apple Music app on a computer, smartphone or tablet, smart speaker (such as the Apple HomePod), and through the Apple Music web browser app.

While a paid subscription is not needed, users are required to sign in with an Apple ID account to listen to the free radio stations. Apple Music Radio is streamed at 64 kbit/s and 256 kbit/s, utilising HTTP Live Streaming protocol and the HE-AAC audio codec, powered by StreamS Live Encoder.

Apple Music also operates five sister stations.
Blanche River (Bulstrode River tributary)
The Blanche River (French: rivière Blanche, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ blɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ, lit. 'White River') is a tributary of the Bulstrode River whose current flows successively into the Nicolet River and St. Lawrence River. The Blanche river flows in the town of Victoriaville and in the municipality of Saint-Valère, in the Arthabaska Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Centre-du-Québec, in province of Quebec, in Canada.

Nicolet River
The Nicolet River (French: Rivière Nicolet) is a river in Quebec, Canada. It is a tributary of the Saint Lawrence River on its southern shore and flows into Lake Saint Pierre. It is named in honor of the pioneer Jean Nicolet.

It has several tributaries including the River Bulstrode and the Nicolet River Southwest. Its watershed is mainly in the Centre-du-Québec region although the Southwest Nicolet rises in Estrie. The city of Nicolet is near its mouth on the lake Saint-Pierre which is crossed to the northwest by the St. Lawrence River.
Jongsanan Fairtex
Anucha Chaiyasen (Thai: อนุชา ไชยเสน; born July 24, 1974), known professionally as Jongsanan Fairtex (Thai: จงสนั่น แฟร์เท็กซ์), is a Thai former professional Muay Thai fighter. He is a former two-division Lumpinee Stadium champion who was famous in the 1990s and 2000s.

Lumpinee Boxing Stadium
Lumpinee Boxing Stadium (Thai: สนามเวทีมวยลุมพินี) is a sporting arena in Bangkok, Thailand.  Opened more than a decade later than Rajadamnern Stadium, Lumpinee is run by the Royal Thai Army. It has become the symbol of modern Muay Thai. Only Rajadamnern Stadium rivals the prestige of holding the title of "Muay Thai Champion of Lumpinee". The ranking system and championship titles are held from mini flyweight (105 lb) up to super welterweight (154 lb).

Muay Thai bouts are held on Tuesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays. The fights usually start around 18:00.

The final event at its original site on Rama IV Road near Lumphini Park (where One Bangkok is currently being built) was held on 8 February 2014. The stadium then moved to its new home on Ram Inthra Road which can hold up to 5,000 spectators. The new stadium held the first fight on 11 February 2014 and was officially opened on 28 February 2014.
Tōnankai earthquakes
The Tōnankai earthquakes are major megathrust earthquakes that affect the Tōnankai region (Southeastern Sea) of Japan, between the Tōkai region (Eastern Sea) and Nankaidō (Southern Sea Circuit) region, and are caused by ruptures in the Tōnankai zone of the Nankai megathrust, specifically segments C and/or D.

These are a class of Nankai megathrust earthquakes, frequently occurring in combination with a rupture of segment E (Tōkai zone, yielding Tōkai earthquakes), and either in combination with or followed by a rupture of segment A and/or B (Nankai zone, yielding Nankai earthquakes).

The most notable Tōnankai earthquake, and the only earthquake known to have consisted of ruptures in the Tōnankai zone only, is the 1944 Tōnankai earthquake.

1944 Tōnankai earthquake
The 1944 Tōnankai earthquake occurred at 13:35 local time (04:35 UTC) on 7 December. It had an estimated magnitude of 8.1 on the moment magnitude scale (making it the strongest known earthquake of 1944) and a maximum felt intensity of greater than 5 Shindo (about VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale). It triggered a large tsunami that caused serious damage along the coast of Wakayama Prefecture and the Tōkai region. Together, the earthquake and tsunami caused 3,358 casualties.
Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba, commonly known as the broad bean, fava bean, or faba bean, is a species of vetch, a flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated as a crop for human consumption, and also as a cover crop. Varieties with smaller, harder seeds that are fed to horses or other animals are called field bean, tic bean or tick bean. This legume is commonly consumed in many national and regional cuisines.

Some people have favism, a hemolytic response to the consumption of broad beans, a condition linked to a metabolic disorder known as G6PDD. Otherwise the beans, with the outer seed coat removed, can be eaten raw or cooked. With young seed pods, the outer seed coat can be eaten, and in very young pods, the entire seed pod can be eaten.