hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maxims of equity
Maxims of equity are legal maxims that serve as a set of general principles or rules which are said to govern the way in which equity operates. They tend to illustrate the qualities of equity, in contrast to the common law, as a more flexible, responsive approach to the needs of the individual, inclined to take into account the parties' conduct and worthiness. They were developed by the English Court of Chancery and other courts that administer equity jurisdiction, including the law of trusts. Although the most fundamental and time honored of the maxims, listed on this page, are often referred to on their own as the 'maxims of equity' or 'the equitable maxims', it cannot be said that there is a definitive list of them. Like other kinds of legal maxims or principles, they were originally, and sometimes still are, expressed in Latin.

Estoppel
Estoppel is a judicial device whereby a court may prevent or "estop" a person from making assertions or from going back on their word. The person barred from doing so is said to be "estopped". Estoppel may prevent someone from bringing a particular claim. In common law legal systems, the legal doctrine of estoppel is based in both common law and equity. 
Estoppel is also a concept in international law.
Bhanupriya
Bhanupriya (born Manga Anandha Bhanu; 15 January 1964) is an Indian actress and dancer. In a four decade old career, she has appeared in 165 feature films, predominantly in Telugu and Tamil, and a few in Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi films. She has starred in a variety of roles, which garnered her three state Nandi Awards, two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, two Filmfare Awards South and two Cinema Express Awards.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
Rusher Kimura
Masao Kimura (木村 政雄, Kimura Masao; June 30, 1941 – May 24, 2010) was a Japanese professional wrestler, best known by his ring name Rusher Kimura (ラッシャー木村, Rasshā Kimura). He was a five-time IWA World Heavyweight Champion, making him a five-time world champion.

IWA World Heavyweight Championship (International Wrestling Enterprise)
The International Wrestling Alliance (IWA) World Heavyweight Championship (IWA世界ヘビー級王座, IWA Sekai Hebī-kyū Ōza) was a professional wrestling world heavyweight championship of the Japanese professional wrestling promotion known as International Wrestling Enterprise (国際プロレス興行, Kokusai Puroresu Kogyō). It was the first Japanese heavyweight title to be billed as a World title, and in the 1970s and early 1980s it was one of the most important titles in Japan. The title died with the promotion in 1981 but was later revived by Goro Tsurumi for his independent Kokusai Promotion.

There have been eighteen reigns between twelve wrestlers, and three vacancies.
Idris Jones
Idris Jones (born 2 April 1943) is a retired Anglican bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church. He was the Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway from 1998 to 2009 and was also Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church from 2006 to 2009.

Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church
The primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church, styled "The Most Reverend the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church", is the presiding bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church.  The current Primus is the Most Revd. Mark Strange who became primus on 27 June 2017.

The word primus literally means "first" in Latin and is cognate to the related episcopal title Primate.
Russell Scott Valentino
Russell Scott Valentino is a literary scholar, translator, author, editor, and professor of Slavic and comparative literature at Indiana University. His work has been published by the New York Times, Reaktion Books, The Harvard Review, Yale University Press, and a dozen other literary magazines and book publishers. The former editor of The Iowa Review and publisher of Autumn Hill Books, Valentino served on the 2022 jury for the National Book Awards. His translation of Miljenko Jergovic’s Kin (Archipelago Books 2021) received AATSEEL’s 2023 Best Prose Translation award.

The Iowa Review
The Iowa Review is an American literary magazine published by the University of Iowa that features fiction, poetry, nonfiction, and literary criticism. Founded in 1970, the magazine has showcased work by both emerging and established writers, and has tri-annual issues, editorial contests, and connections to the university's writing programs.
Phil Masinga
Philemon Raul Masinga (28 June 1969 – 13 January 2019) was a South African professional footballer and manager who played as a striker from 1990 to 2002. He was born in Khuma in the city of Matlosana formerly known as Klerksdorp Municipality.

He played in the English Premier League for Leeds United, and Italian Serie A for Salernitana and Bari. He also played for Jomo Cosmos, Mamelodi Sundowns with his cousin Bennett Masinga, St. Gallen and Al-Wahda. He represented South Africa in 58 international games, scoring 18 goals. In 2006, he briefly went into football management with PJ Stars.

Al Wahda FC
Al-Wahda Football Club (Arabic: نادي الوحدة لكرة القدم, romanized: al-waḥda, lit. 'Union') is an Emirati professional football club based in Abu Dhabi, that competes in the UAE Pro League. The club was founded in 1984 and plays its home games at the Al Nahyan Stadium. The club's colours are maroon, navy blue and white.
Brivido Giallo
Brivido Giallo is an Italian horror cable series that featured four horror full-length films directed by Lamberto Bava. The films included in airing order are Graveyard Disturbance, Until Death, The Ogre, and Dinner with a Vampire. Bava would follow up this horror themed cable series with a thriller series of four films called High Tension.

Lamberto Bava
Lamberto Bava (born 3 April 1944) is an Italian film director. Born in Rome, Bava began working as an assistant director for his director father Mario Bava. Lamberto co-directed the 1979 television film La Venere d'Ille with his father and in 1980 directed his first solo feature film Macabre.

Bava continued working in the 1980s and collaborated with Dario Argento on films such as Demons. After 1990, Bava's work was predominantly involved with television, such as his Fantaghirò series.
Ōminato Guard District
The Ōminato Guard District (大湊警備府, Ōminato Keibifu) was the major navy base for the Imperial Japanese Navy in northern Honshu before and during World War II. Located in Mutsu Bay at the present-day city of Mutsu, Aomori Prefecture, the Ōminato Guard District was responsible for control of the strategic Tsugaru Strait between Honshu and Hokkaidō and for patrols along the Hokkaidō, Karafuto and Kurile Islands coastlines.

Karafuto Prefecture
Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁, Karafuto-chō; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.ɾa.ɸɯ̥.to]) was established  by the Empire of Japan in 1907 to govern the southern part of Sakhalin. This territory became part of the Empire of Japan in 1905 after the Russo-Japanese War, when the portion of Sakhalin south of 50°N was ceded by the  Russian Empire under the Treaty of Portsmouth.

Karafuto Prefecture was established in 1907 to govern Karafuto, which was part of Japan's External Land (Gaichi), until it was incorporated into an Inner Land (Naichi) of the Japanese metropole in April 1943. Ōtomari (Korsakov) was the capital of Karafuto from 1905 to 1908 and Toyohara (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) from 1908 to 1945.

In August 1945, the Japanese administration ceased to function following the Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin. The Soviet Union annexed Karafuto Prefecture, although it continued to exist under Japanese law until Japan formally abolished it in June 1949.
2019 Blancpain GT World Challenge America
The 2019 Blancpain GT World Challenge America was the 30th season of the United States Auto Club's Blancpain GT World Challenge America. It was the first under Blancpain sponsorship, taking over from the longtime Pirelli sponsorship, as part of the standardisation of names of Stéphane Ratel Organisation-run GT3 sprint racing series globally, following the series' acquisition by the SRO Motorsports Group. It was also the last under Blancpain sponsorship, after they and the SRO concluded their partnership at the end of 2019.  The season began on 2 March in Austin and ended on 20 October at Las Vegas.

SRO Motorsports Group
SRO Motorsports Group (formerly the Stéphane Ratel Organisation) is an international sporting organisation best known for promoting and running a variety of racing events and series, including the CrowdStrike 24 Hours of Spa, Intercontinental GT Challenge and Fanatec GT World Challenge Europe.

The company was founded in 1995 by Stéphane Ratel and is now considered the global leader in GT racing. SRO also organises the multi-disciplinary FIA Motorsport Games, as well as e-sports events and touring car categories. As of 2020 it keeps offices in London, Paris, Liège and Hong Kong, while Ratel continues to act as CEO.
Stars Academy season 1
Stars Academy is a Hong Kong singing competition television series to find young singing talents. The first season premiered on 10 April 2021 and continued until 19 July 2021 for 14 episodes. Hosted by Sammy Leung, the show featured Hacken Lee as the coaching supervisor, along with AGA, Pakho Chau, Vincy Chan, JW, Gin Lee, and Janice Vidal as coaches. Throughout the competition, several performances gained popularity among the viewers, including Chantel Yiu's "Love Prediction" (戀愛預告), Gigi Yim's "Without You, I Still Love You" (沒有你還是愛你), and Yumi Chung's "Wild City" (狂野之城). The show was won by Gigi Yim. Following the finale, the contestants held a 4-day live concert titled First Live on Stage from 12 to 15 August 2021. The programme's popularity led TVB to continue its run for a second season (2022). It also inspired other TV shows, including the musical television series Forever Young at Heart (2021—2022) and the youth talent singing show Stars Junior Academy (2022).

Stars Academy
Stars Academy (Chinese: 聲夢傳奇; lit. Legend of a Musical Dream) is a Hong Kong singing competition television series created and produced by television network TVB and its subsidiary, TVB Music Group. The show ran for two seasons from 2021 to 2022, aiming to discover unsigned young singing talents. Its judging panel featured various Hong Kong music executives, music producers, singer-songwriters, radio DJs, and music critics. The winners of the two seasons were Gigi Yim and Jasmine Yam.
Larry Mullins (American football)
Laurence A. "Moon" Mullins (June 13, 1908 – August 10, 1968) was an American college football player, coach and athletic director. He played fullback under Knute Rockne at the University of Notre Dame. He served as the head coach at St. Benedict's College from 1932 to 1936, Loyola University of New Orleans from 1937 to 1939, and St. Ambrose University in 1940 and 1947 to 1950. Mullins was the athletic director at Kansas State University and Marquette University.

Benedictine College
Benedictine College is a private Benedictine liberal arts college in Atchison, Kansas, United States. It was established in 1971 by the merger of St. Benedict's College (founded 1858) for men and Mount St. Scholastica College (founded 1923) for women.

Benedictine is one of a number of U.S. Benedictine colleges and is sponsored by St. Benedict's Abbey and Mount St. Scholastica Monastery.
Mariola Zenik
Mariola Katarzyna Zenik (née Barbachowska; born 3 July 1982) is a retired Polish volleyball player, a member of the Poland women's national volleyball team, a participant in the Olympic Games Beijing 2008, European Champion 2005, a bronze medalist of the European Championship 2009, and five-time Polish Champion (2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015).

2005 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2005 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 24th edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Pula and Zagreb, Croatia from 17 to 25 September 2005.
Pellenes geniculatus
Pellenes geniculatus is a jumping spider species in the genus Pellenes. First named Attus geniculatus by Eugène Simon in 1868, it was given its current name by Simon in 1876.  A small spider, between 3.35 and 5 mm (0.132 and 0.197 in) long, it has a large range that stretches across Southern Europe, Africa and Central Asia. There is some variation between those found in Africa and in Europe and Asia, the former generally being slightly smaller. The head has a distinctive pattern of lines formed of white scales.

Eugène Simon
Eugène Louis Simon (French pronunciation: [øʒɛn lwi simɔ̃]; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4,000 species.
Dark Sheik
Sam Khandaghabadi (born July 27, 1985), better known by her ring name Dark Sheik (sometimes stylized as DARK Sheik), is an American professional wrestler currently working as a freelancer. She is best known for her tenure with Game Changer Wrestling, All Pro Wrestling and various other promotions from the American independent scene. She is also the founder of Hoodslam, an avantgarde style promotion based out of Oakland, California.

Hoodslam
Hoodslam (stylised as HOODSLAM), and currently branded as SlamTown, is a professional wrestling promotion based in Oakland, California. Created in 2010 by Sam Khandaghabadi (known professionally as Dark Sheik) as a regular gathering for wrestlers who wanted to perform edgier acts for adults, Hoodslam quickly became a popular attraction in the Bay Area, attracting over 1,000 attendees at each monthly show. Hoodslam performances combine the athleticism and tropes of professional wrestling with more bizarre, absurd characters, as well as profanity, sexuality, and public consumption of alcohol and other drugs, which are not considered appropriate at mainstream professional wrestling events. As a result, entry to Hoodslam shows is restricted to those aged 21 years or older.
Hope MacDougall
Margaret Hope Garnons MacDougall (Athlone, 21 January 1913 - Oban, 22 December 1998) was an Irish historian, photographer and collector; the youngest daughter of Colina MacDougall and Alexander James MacDougall, chief of the Clan MacDougall at Dunollie. She was aunt to three successive chiefs of the Clan MacDougall, who curated an expansive family collection of notable historical artefacts and records with her sisters, Jena and Coline.

Transforming her spacious residence into a museum in Ganavan, near Oban, she curated an assortment of objects that showcased endangered skills and crafts. After she died in 1998 the collection went to Dunollie where a curated selection of artefacts is exhibited in the 1745 house museum and others are kept in the archive.

Dunollie Castle
Dunollie Castle (Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Dhùn Ollaigh) is a small ruined castle located on a hill north of the town of Oban, on the west coast of Scotland in Argyll and Bute.  The site enjoys views over towards the island of Kerrera and a view of the town, harbour, and outlying isles.  The castle is open to the public as part of the Dunollie Museum, Castle and Grounds.
2025–26 Russian Second League Division A
The 2025–26 Russian Second League Division A is the 34th season of Russia's third-tier football league since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The season began on 19 July 2025 and will end in June 2026.

Russian Second League
The Russian Second League (Russian: Первенство России II дивизиона ФНЛ), formerly the Russian Professional Football League, are both the third (Division A) and fourth level (Division B) of Russian professional football.
Hicksbeachia
Hicksbeachia is a genus of two species of trees in the family Proteaceae. They are native to rainforests of northern New South Wales and southeastern Queensland, Australia. They are commonly known as red bopple nut or beef nut due to the bright red colour of their fruits.

Hicksbeachia pilosa
Hicksbeachia pilosa is a small tree in the family Proteaceae. This rare species is endemic to the rainforests of the wet tropics region of northeastern Queensland, Australia. It was first described in 1988 by Australian botanist Peter H. Weston, after a collection by Garry Sankowsky and Peter Hind in 1986 at Bobbin Bobbin Falls in North Queensland. Its specific name is the Latin adjective pilosus "hairy".

Hicksbeachia pilosa is found in rainforest from the Big Tableland to the Cardwell Range in northeastern Queensland.
Southwest Airlines Flight 1455
Southwest Airlines Flight 1455 was a scheduled passenger flight from 
McCarran International Airport, Las Vegas, Nevada, to Burbank-Glendale-Pasadena Airport, Burbank, California, that overran the runway during landing on March 5, 2000. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-3T5, registration N668SW, came to rest on a city street adjacent to a Chevron gas station. The National Transportation Safety Board found that the incident was due to the pilots attempting to land with excessive speed. They also found that the air traffic controller placed them in a position from which their only option was a go around. Two of the passengers were seriously injured, and there were many minor injuries. As a result of the incident, the airport installed an Engineered Materials Arrestor System at the east end of the incident runway. The aircraft was written off, making the incident the 10th hull loss of a Boeing 737-300. This was the first major accident in the airline's 29-year history.

Air traffic controller
An air traffic controller (ATC) is a person responsible for the coordination of air traffic within controlled airspace. Typically they work in area control centers or control towers, where they monitor aircraft movements and maintain direct communication with the pilots.

The profession dates back to the early 20th century, evolving alongside advances in aviation and radar technology to meet the growing demands of air travel.

It is considered to be highly demanding and stressful, requiring continuous decision-making and adaptability, often under time pressure. Factors such as unfavorable work schedules, high responsibility and the reliability of equipment further influence workload and stress levels. Despite these challenges, the role offers competitive salaries and strong job security, which are often cited as key benefits.
Cm28
Cm28, a scorpion toxin from Centruroides margaritatus, selectively blocks voltage-gated potassium channels KV1.2 and KV1.3 with high affinity. It also suppresses the activation of human CD4+ effector memory T cells, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that Cm28 belongs to a new α-KTx subfamily, highlighting its unique structural and functional properties for potential drug development.

Voltage-gated potassium channel
Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) are transmembrane channels specific for potassium and sensitive to voltage changes in the cell's membrane potential.  During action potentials, they play a crucial role in returning the depolarized cell to a resting state.
Karen Jordán
Karen Elena Jordán Beitia (born 28 January 1989) is a Panamanian model and beauty pageant titleholder who won the Miss International Panamá 2012 title on March 30, 2012 for Miss International 2012 contest.

Miss International 2012
Miss International 2012, the 52nd Miss International pageant, was held on October 21, 2012, at Okinawa Prefectural Budokan Arena Building in Okinawa, Japan. Fernanda Cornejo from Ecuador crowned her successor Ikumi Yoshimatsu from Japan at the end of the event.

Yoshimatsu was dethroned shortly before the end of her reign, but she was not replaced. She was ordered by The International Culture Association (Miss International organizer) to skip the succession ceremony and “play sick and shut up” out of fear of scandal.
Virtuoso (video game)
Virtuoso is a third-person shooter video game developed by MotiveTime and originally published by Nova Spring and Elite Systems in North America and Europe, respectively, for DOS in 1994 and then 3DO in 1995.

Tokai Communications
Tokai Communications Corporation Inc (known as Vic Tokai Corporation until 2011)  is a telecommunications company in Japan providing DSL services and network solutions. Its headquarters are in the Tokai Building (TOKAIビル, Tōkai Biru) in Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture. In North America, it is best known for its video games during the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s. In the US, they published games for the Nintendo Entertainment System, the Game Boy, the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, the Nintendo 64, the Sega Genesis, the Sega CD, the Sega Saturn, and the PlayStation.
War of Deposition against Karl Knutsson (1464–1465)
The Second War of Deposition against Karl Knutsson (Swedish: Andra avsättningskriget mot Karl Knutsson) occurred in the winter of 1464–1465. It began after Karl Knutsson once again became the king of Sweden after being invited by a rebel army besieging Stockholm. When Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna began preparing to depose Karl Knutsson, Knutsson sent a force under the command of Bo Djure towards Uppsala, where they captured Oxenstierna's residence and fought a battle at Uppsala. After, the rebels attacked Stockholm, and eventually Karl Knutsson agreed to renounce the throne in exchange for Satakunta and the castles of Raseborg and Korsholm.

Raseborg Castle
The Raseborg Castle (Swedish: Raseborgs slott, Finnish: Raaseporin linna),  is a medieval castle in Raseborg, Finland. The castle was active from 1370s to 1553. Today the ruins are open to the public in the summer and the castle is host to the yearly Raseborg Summer Theatre.
2006 MuchMusic Video Awards
The 2006 MuchMusic Video Awards were held on June 18, 2006, and featured performances by Fall Out Boy, Hedley, Rihanna, City and Colour, Simple Plan and others. The most nominated artists were Billy Talent, Kardinal Offishall f. Ray Robinson and Massari with 5 nominations each.

City and Colour
Dallas Michael John Albert Green (born September 29, 1980) is a Canadian musician, singer, songwriter and record producer who records under the name City and Colour. He is also known for his contributions as a singer, rhythm guitarist, songwriter, and co-founder of the post-hardcore band Alexisonfire. In 2005, he debuted his first full-length album, Sometimes, which achieved platinum certification in 2006. City and Colour began performing in small intimate venues between Alexisonfire tours. The name City and Colour comes from his own name: Dallas, a city, and Green, a colour. His reasoning for the name was that he felt uneasy "putting the album out under the name Dallas Green".
Vinnie Miresse
Vincent Jordan "Vinnie" Miresse (born November 26, 1977) is an American sustainable building contractor and Democratic politician from Stevens Point, Wisconsin.  He is a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Wisconsin's 71st Assembly district since 2025.  He also serves as a member of the board of supervisors of Portage County, Wisconsin, since 2017.

Portage County, Wisconsin
Portage County is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 70,377. Its county seat is Stevens Point.

Portage County comprises the Stevens Point, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Wausau-Stevens Point-Wisconsin Rapids, WI Combined Statistical Area.