hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Casorate Primo
Casorate Primo (Milanese dialect of Western Lombard: Casurà) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Pavia.

Casorate Primo borders the following municipalities: Besate, Bubbiano, Calvignasco, Morimondo, Motta Visconti, Trovo, Vernate. It also borders the Province of Milan.

Western Lombard dialects
Western Lombard is a group of varieties of the Lombard language, a Romance language of the Gallo-Italic subgroup. It is spoken primarily in Italy and Switzerland. Within Italy, it is prevalent in the Lombard provinces of Milan, Monza and Brianza, Varese, Como, Lecco, Sondrio, and parts of Cremona (excluding Crema and its immediate surroundings), Lodi, and Pavia. In Piedmont, it is spoken in the provinces of Novara, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, the eastern area of the Province of Alessandria (around Tortona), and a small part of Vercelli (Valsesia). In Switzerland, Western Lombard is spoken in the canton of Ticino and part of the canton of Graubünden.

Due to its historical association with the Duchy of Milan, Western Lombard is frequently referred to as Insubric (from Insubria and Insubres) or Milanese. The term Cisabduan ("Cisabduano", literally "on this side of the Adda River") is also used, particularly in linguistic contexts, following the terminology introduced by Clemente Merlo.
Craig De Goldi
Craig De Goldi (born 7 December 1975 in Greymouth) is a rugby union footballer from New Zealand. He won a gold medal as part of the New Zealand sevens rugby team at the 2002 Commonwealth Games.

De Goldi captained the All Blacks Sevens team at the 2002 Brisbane Sevens due to veteran captain Eric Rush sustaining a shoulder injury. He spent six years playing in Japan. In 2010 he played for the Manawatu sevens team.

New Zealand national rugby sevens team
The New Zealand national rugby sevens team competes in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens, Summer Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games. They have won a record 14 World Rugby Sevens Series titles.

The team played for the first time at the 1973 International Seven-A-Side Tournament.
Stenocarpus
Stenocarpus is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic, bisexual flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating into four parts, followed by fruit that is usually a narrow oblong or cylindrical follicle.

Stenocarpus sinuatus
Stenocarpus sinuatus, known as the firewheel tree, is an Australian rainforest tree in the family Proteaceae. The range of natural distribution is in various rainforest types from the Nambucca River (30° S) in New South Wales to the Atherton Tableland (17° S) in tropical Queensland. Stenocarpus sinuatus is widely planted as an ornamental tree in other parts of Australia and in different parts of the world.

Other common names include the white beefwood, Queensland firewheel tree, tulip flower, white oak and white silky oak.
Newfoundland and Labrador Route 100
Route 100 (also known as The Cape Shore Highway and Argentia Access Road) is a major highway in Newfoundland and Labrador.  The highway begins at its northern terminus at the Trans-Canada Highway (Route 1) in the town of Whitbourne, runs for 108 kilometres (67 mi) until it ends at its southern terminus, the town of Branch, where it transitions into Route 92.  Motorists can drive along the coast of Placentia Bay once traveling south of Point Verde.

The route's most important community is the town of Placentia, which is home to the province's only lift bridge.

Route 100 also serves as an access to the Marine Atlantic ferry to Nova Scotia, which is located in Argentia.  The ferry only operates during the summer months.

Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador
Placentia is a town located in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It consists of the amalgamated communities of Placentia ("Townside"), Southeast Placentia, Freshwater, Dunville and Jerseyside and also includes the Argentia Industrial Park.
Queensland Railways 2170 class
The Queensland Railways 2170 class is an Australian diesel-electric locomotive.

All were built between 1982 and 1984 by Clyde Engineering at Comeng's Rocklea plant for Queensland Rail. Most have been sold for further use overseas with seventeen going to South Africa and twelve to Ferronor in Chile.

Queensland Rail
Queensland Rail (QR) is a railway operator in Queensland, Australia. Queensland Rail is owned by the Queensland Government, and operates both suburban and interurban rail services in South East Queensland, as well as long-distance passenger train services connecting Brisbane to regional Queensland. Queensland Rail also owns and maintains rolling stock, in addition to approximately 6,600 kilometres (4,101 mi) of track and related infrastructure.
Zero Gradient Synchrotron
The Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS), was a weak focusing 12.5 GeV proton accelerator that operated at the Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois from 1964 to 1979.

It enabled pioneering experiments in particle physics, in the areas of

quark model tests;

neutrino physics  (observation of neutrino interaction in its 12 ft hydrogen bubble chamber for the first time in 1970);

spin physics of hadrons (utilizing a polarized accelerated proton beam in the GeV range for the first time); and

Kaon decays.

Other noteworthy features of the ZGS program were the large number of university-based users and the pioneering development of  large superconducting magnets for bubble chambers and beam transport.

The hardware and building of the ZGS were ultimately inherited by a spallation neutron source program, the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS).

Bubble chamber
A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics. Supposedly, Glaser was inspired by the bubbles in a glass of beer; however,  in a 2006 talk, he refuted this story, although saying that while beer was not the inspiration for the bubble chamber, he did experiments using beer to fill early prototypes.

While bubble chambers were extensively used in the past, they have now mostly been supplanted by wire chambers, spark chambers, drift chambers, and silicon detectors. Notable bubble chambers include the Big European Bubble Chamber (BEBC) and Gargamelle.
Dial-A-Song: 20 Years of They Might Be Giants
Dial-A-Song: 20 Years Of They Might Be Giants is a 2002 compilation album by American alternative rock band They Might Be Giants, issued by Rhino Records and compiled by the band's co-singer/songwriter and guitarist John Flansburgh. Despite its name, the compilation does not include tracks from the band's "Dial-A-Song" service. It is instead an anthology of various single, album and live tracks from the band's history, spanning their full career up to the time of its release. It includes tracks from every album starting with 1986's They Might Be Giants up through No!, their first children's album, which was released only three months before this compilation.

The first disc focuses mainly on the group's singles and better-known album tracks, while disc two delves into more obscure fan favorites and live cuts.

They Might Be Giants (album)
They Might Be Giants, sometimes called The Pink Album, is the debut studio album from American alternative rock band They Might Be Giants. It was released by Bar/None in 1986. The album generated two singles, "Don't Let's Start" and "(She Was A) Hotel Detective". It is included on Then: The Earlier Years, a compilation of the band's early material, in its entirety, with the exception of "Don't Let's Start", which is replaced with the single mix for the compilation.

"Don't Let's Start", one of the album's two singles, is cited as a key track in the band's catalogue, and its success contributed positively to the sale of the album. As a result of this prominence, when the band made the move to the major label Elektra Records, "Don't Let's Start" was reissued in Europe with alternative B-sides.

In July 2014, the band released a live version of the album at no charge on NoiseTrade. All the songs were recorded during the band's 2013 tour.
Ann Bollin
Ann Marie Bollin (born August 18, 1960) is an American politician serving as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives since 2019, currently representing the 49th district. A member of the Republican Party, Bollin previously served as the Brighton Township Clerk from 2003 to 2018.

Brighton Township, Michigan
Brighton Charter Township is a charter township of Livingston County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 19,144. The township is bordered on the southwest by the city of Brighton, but the two are administered autonomously.
Calcicole
Calcicoles—literally "lime‑dwellers"—are organisms, most commonly vascular plants but also including bryophytes, lichens and other taxa, that grow preferentially on calcium-rich, often alkaline, substrates. Because they grow only on specific lime-rich soils, calcicoles give ecologists a clear, real-world example of how soil chemistry determines where organisms can live. Their distribution on chalk, limestone and other calcareous rocks reflects a suite of physiological adaptations that enable them to regulate cytosolic Ca2+, acquire otherwise insoluble iron and phosphorus, and withstand high soil pH. In contrast, calcifuges ("lime‑avoiders") dominate on acidic, aluminium‑rich soils. Modern research has linked the calcicole habit to indicators such as Heinz Ellenberg's soil‑reaction values and the Index of calcifugy, while pharmacognostic studies have uncovered an array of bioactive compounds in many limestone specialists.

Calcareous
Calcareous (/kælˈkɛəriəs/) is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is  used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.
Winnipeg Transit
Winnipeg Transit is the public transit agency, and the bus-service provider, of the City of Winnipeg, Manitoba. Established 143 years ago, it is owned by the city government and currently employs nearly 1,600 people—including approximately 1,100 bus drivers.

Operating 640 low-floor easy-access buses to more than 5,000 bus stops within the city limits, Winnipeg Transit carries almost 170,000 passengers on an average weekday. Moreover, according to the 2016 Census, public transit was the main mode of commuting for 13.6% of the Winnipeg census metropolitan area.

Low-floor bus
A low-floor bus is a bus or trolleybus that has no steps between the ground and the floor of the bus at one or more entrances, and low floor for part or all of the passenger cabin. A bus with a partial low floor may also be referred to as a low-entry bus or seldom a flat-floor bus in some locations.

Low floor refers to a bus deck that is accessible from the sidewalk with only a single step with a small height difference, caused solely by the difference between the bus deck and sidewalk. This is distinct from high-floor, a bus deck design that requires climbing one or more steps (now known as step entrance) to access the interior floor that is placed at a higher height.  Being low-floor improves the accessibility of the bus for the public, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities, including those using wheelchairs and walkers. Almost all are rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.
Loóna
Loóna is a mobile app designed for relaxation and sleep. Created in 2019, the app is available globally on iOS, macOS, iPadOS and Android.

The developer of the app is Loona Inc. (U.S.). Loóna was awarded the title of "Best App" in the U.S. by Google Play’s Best of 2020 Awards and won the 2021 Apple Design Award in the Visuals and Graphics category.

Apple Design Awards
The Apple Design Awards (ADAs) is an event hosted by Apple Inc. at its annual Worldwide Developers Conference. The purpose of the event is to recognize the best and most innovative Macintosh and iOS software and hardware produced by independent developers, as well as the best and most creative uses of Apple's products. The ADAs are awarded in categories that vary each year. The awards have been presented annually since 1997. For the first two years of their existence, they were known as the "Human Interface Design Excellence Awards" (HIDE Awards).

Since 2003, the physical award given to those recognized at the awards event bore an Apple logo that would glow when touched. The trophy is a 3.9 in (9.9 cm) long aluminum cube which weighs 55.5 oz (1.57 kg). These were engineered and built by Sparkfactor Design.
Toronto (cocktail)
The Toronto is a dry, rich, and mildly bitter cocktail consisting of rye whisky, Fernet-Branca, angostura bitters, and either sugar or simple syrup. An article in Gizmodo by Brent Rose describes it as the "most popular legit cocktail that uses fernet". It is named after the Canadian city of Toronto.

Rye whiskey
Rye whiskey can refer to two different, but related, types of whiskey:

American rye whiskey, which is similar to bourbon whiskey, but must be distilled from at least 51 percent rye grain

Canadian whisky, which is often referred to as (and often labelled as) rye whisky for historical reasons, although it does not necessarily include any rye grain.
Royal Yorkshire Regiment
The Royal Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot) (abbreviated R YORKS) is an infantry regiment of the British Army, created by the amalgamation of three historic regiments in 2006. It lost one battalion as part of the Army 2020 defence review.  The regiment's recruitment area covers the ceremonial counties of the East Riding of Yorkshire, North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire; areas near Barnsley are recruitment area for the Rifles.

Army 2020 Refine
Army 2020 Refine was the name given to the restructuring of the British Army in the mid-to-late 2010s, in light of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015. As its name suggests, it was a "refinement" of Army 2020, an early 2010s reorganisation of the Army to be completed by 2020, originally conducted in light of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010. It was succeeded by Future Soldier.
Aman (film)
Aman is a 1967 Indian anti-war film directed by Mohan Kumar. It stars Rajendra Kumar, Saira Banu, Balraj Sahani and Chetan Anand. The film was also the debut for Naseeruddin Shah who played an uncredited minor role.

It also features a rare cameo by British Nobel laureate Bertrand Russell. It was shot in England and Japan.

Balraj Sahni
Balraj Sahni (born Yudhishthir Sahni; 1 May 1913 – 13 April 1973) was an Indian film and stage actor, who is best known for Dharti Ke Lal (1946), Hum Log (1951), Do Bigha Zameen (1953), Chhoti Bahen (1959), Kabuliwala (1961), Waqt (1965) and Garm Hava (1973). He was the brother of Bhisham Sahni, the Hindi writer, playwright, and actor. He won a Filmfare Special Award for outstanding contribution to Indian films in 1970.
Ingeborg Barz
Ingeborg Barz (1948–1972?) was a German militant who co-founded the Red Army Faction (RAF). She carried out bank robberies in Kaiserslautern and Ludwigshafen, then disappeared. It is alleged that she was shot by Andreas Baader because she wanted to leave the RAF, but conclusive evidence of her death has not been found.

Andreas Baader
Berndt Andreas Baader (6 May 1943 – 18 October 1977) was a West German communist and leader of the far-left terrorist organization Red Army Faction (RAF), also commonly known as the Baader-Meinhof Group.
Page–Ladson site
The Page–Ladson archaeological and paleontological site (8JE591) is a deep sinkhole in the bed of the karstic Aucilla River (between Jefferson and Taylor counties in the Big Bend region of Florida) that contains stratified deposits of late Pleistocene and early Holocene animal bones and human artifacts. The site was the first pre-Clovis site discovered in southeastern North America; radiocarbon evidence suggests that the site dates from 14,200 to 14,550 BP(12,250 to 12,600 BCE). These dates are roughly 1,000 to 1,500 years before the advent of the Clovis culture.: 414  Early dates for Page–Ladson challenge theories that humans quickly decimated large game populations in the area once they arrived.

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
House demolition in Ethiopia (2019–present)
Many buildings have been demolished by the government of Ethiopia under Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed since early 2019, with 12,000 homes planned to be demolished for the purpose of rebuilding smart city. The project was targeted toward Addis Ababa and Oromia, in the towns of Sebeta, Buraryu, Lagatafo Lagadadi, Sululta, Ermojo, and Gelan. Residents have criticized the government demolition, claiming they paid taxes to the government properties, and the government is illegally taking undue advantage to confiscate for the Oromia government.

The house destruction has led to violence and protests in some areas. The Amhara Association of America claims that Oromia authorities have used house demolition to displace, assault and detain ethnic Amharas between 9 January and 31 January 2023.

Federal government of Ethiopia
The federal government of Ethiopia (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ መንግሥት, romanized: Ye-Ītyōṗṗyā mängəst) is structured in a framework of a federal parliamentary republic, whereby the prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the federal government. The prime minister is chosen by the lower chamber of the Federal Parliamentary Assembly. Federal legislative power is vested in both the federal government and the two chambers of parliament. The judiciary is more or less independent of the executive and the legislature. They are governed under the 1995 Constitution of Ethiopia. There is a bicameral parliament made of the 108-seat House of Federation and the 547-seat House of Peoples' Representatives. The House of Federation has members chosen by the regional councils to serve five-year terms. The House of Peoples' Representatives is elected by direct election, who in turn elect the president for a six-year term.
2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Katsina State
The 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Katsina State will be held on 25 February 2023, to elect the 3 federal Senators from Katsina State, one from each of the state's three senatorial districts. The elections will coincide with the 2023 presidential election, as well as other elections to the Senate and elections to the House of Representatives; with state elections being held two weeks later. Primaries were held between 4 April and 9 June 2022.

2023 Nigerian elections
The 2023 Nigerian elections were held in large part on 25 February and 11 March 2023. The president and vice president were elected on 25 February, with incumbent President Muhammadu Buhari ineligible to run, being term-limited. Additionally, there were also elections on the same day for the Senate and the House of Representatives. On 11 March, twenty-eight gubernatorial elections were held alongside elections to state houses of assembly in all 36 states. Three additional gubernatorial elections will be held later in the year alongside potential rerun elections for regularly scheduled elections annulled from earlier in the year.
Secretary of State of Illinois
The secretary of state of Illinois is one of the six elected executive state offices of the government of Illinois, and one of the 47 secretaries of state in the United States. The Illinois secretary of state keeps the state records, laws, library, and archives, and is the state's corporation registration, vehicle registration and driver licensing authority. The current secretary of state is Alexi Giannoulias, a Democrat who took office in 2023.

Incorporation (business)
Incorporation is the formation of a new corporate body. The body may be a business corporation, a nonprofit organization, sports club or similar. The term also applied in local government to the formation of a new city or town.
Brunor
Brunor, Breunor, Branor or Brunoro are various forms of a name given to several different characters in the works of the Tristan tradition of Arthurian legend. They include the Knight of the Round Table known as Brunor/Breunor le Noir (French for "the Black") and his own father by the same name, as well as a few others.

Palamedes (Arthurian legend)
Palamedes /pæləˈmiːdiːz/ (also called Palomides /pæləˈmaɪdiːz/, or some other variant such as the French Palamède; known as li Sarradins that is "the Saracen") is a Knight of the Round Table in the Arthurian legend. He was introduced in the 13th-century Prose Tristan and has remained prominent in other Arthurian romances, including the Post-Vulgate Cycle and Le Morte d'Arthur. The romance Palamedes was named after him.

Palamedes is a Middle Eastern pagan (explicitly Muslim in Malory) who eventually converts to Christianity later in his life, and his unrequited love for Iseult brings him into frequent conflict with his friend-rival Tristan. His father, King Esclabor, and brothers, Safir and Segwarides, also join the Round Table.
Parasram Maderna
Parasram Maderna (23 July 1926 – 16 February 2014) was an Indian politician who was a nine-time Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in Rajasthan between 1957 and 2003. He was the Speaker of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from 1999 to 2004 and a three-time Leader of the Opposition in the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. A senior Jat leader, he served as a Cabinet Minister in the Rajasthan government for several portfolios. He also served as the President of the Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee from 1989 to 1994. He was an MLA from the Bhopalgarh constituency six times, which included four consecutive terms from 1967 to 1985. He also served as MLA twice from the Osian constituency and once from the Gudamalani constituency.

Bhopalgarh Assembly constituency
Bhopalgarh Assembly constituency is one of constituencies of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly in the Pali Lok Sabha constituency. Senior Congress leaders like Paras Ram Maderna used to contest election from this seat Also during the first election in 1967 Ram Singh Bishnoi contested from this constituency.