hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malcolm Murray (Swedish Army officer)
Lieutenant General Charles Gustaf Uno Malcolm Murray (7 September 1904 – 21 April 1995) was a Swedish Army officer. Commissioned as an officer in 1925, Murray served in Finnish Army as part of the Swedish Volunteer Corps during the Winter War and as company commander in the Swedish Volunteer Battalion during the Continuation War. Back in Sweden, Murray served as regimental commander of Svea Life Guards, as Inspector of the Swedish Armoured Troops and as military commander of the II Military District. After retiring from the military, Murray served as head of the Crown Prince's Royal Household and as Chief of His Majesty's Military Staff

Swedish Volunteer Battalion
The Swedish Volunteer Battalion (Swedish: Svenska frivilligbataljonen, SFB) or the Hanko Battalion was a Swedish military unit consisting of 1,000 volunteers, including 800 Swedes, which participated in the siege of the Soviet naval fleet in the Battle of Hanko during the Continuation War of Finland. The Volunteer Battalion succeeded the Swedish Volunteer Corps and preceded the Swedish Volunteer Company in World War II.
Cashin House
The Cashin House, known as The Pier, is a former residence of the Cashin family extending out to sea in Lim Chu Kang, Singapore. The house on the pier was restored and became a new visitor gateway to the western part of Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve known as Lim Chu Kang Nature Park.

Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve
Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve is a nature reserve in the northwest area of Singapore. It is the first wetlands reserve to be gazetted in Singapore (2002), and its global importance as a stop-over point for migratory birds was recognised by the inclusion of the reserve into the East Asian Australasian Shorebird Site Network. The reserve, with an area of 130 hectares, was listed as an ASEAN Heritage Park in 2003.
Jeju 4.3 Committee
The National Committee for Investigation of the Truth about the Jeju 4.3 Events (4.3 Committee) was a truth commission in South Korea established in 2000. The commission aimed to investigate the Jeju 4.3 events, which refers to a "series of armed uprisings and counterinsurgency that occurred between 1948 and 1954 on Jeju Island, the largest island in the southernmost part of South Korea." Announcing 14,028 victims, the first report of the commission was published in 2003, following an official apology by President Roh Moo-hyun, and his participation in a memorial service held in commemoration of the events, in 2006. However the commission continued to be in operation through 2009, carrying out various reparation projects as well as the screening of victims, thus making it the lengthiest truth commission in history.

Truth commission
A truth commission, also known as a truth and reconciliation commission or truth and justice commission, is an official body tasked with discovering and revealing past wrongdoing by a government (or, depending on the circumstances, non-state actors also), in the hope of resolving conflict left over from the past. Truth commissions are, under various names, occasionally set up by states emerging from periods of internal unrest, civil war, or dictatorship marked by human rights abuses. In both their truth-seeking and reconciling functions, truth commissions have political implications: they "constantly make choices when they define such basic objectives as truth, reconciliation, justice, memory, reparation, and recognition, and decide how these objectives should be met and whose needs should be served".
Irek Boguslavsky
Irek Borisovich Boguslavsky (Russian: Ирек Борисович Богуславский; born 9 September 1967) is a Russian political figure, who has been a deputy of the State Duma since the 5th convocation.

In 1991  Boguslavsky graduated from the Kazan State Finance and Economics Institute. From 1999 to 2005, he was engaged in various businesses, including selling cars and tailoring. Also, he was one of the founders of the Real Trans Hair clinic that specializes in hair transplantation.  Boguslavsky started his political career in 2007 when he was elected deputy of 5th State Duma. Later he was re-elected for the 6th (2011–2016), 7th (2016–2021), and 8th State Dumas (since 2021). According to Istories.media, as of July 2021, throughout these 14 years, Irek Boguslavsky has not said a word during the public discussions in the State Duma.

5th State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 5th convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации V созыва) is a former convocation of the legislative branch of the State Duma, lower house of the Russian Parliament. The 5th convocation met at the State Duma building in Moscow, worked from December 24, 2007 to December 21, 2011.

The 5th State Duma's composition was based upon the results of the 2007 parliamentary election. Of the eleven parties participating in the elections, only four were able to overcome the 7% election threshold to gain representation based upon the proportional representation system.
Bigod's rebellion
Bigod's rebellion of January 1537 was an armed rebellion by English Catholics in Cumberland and Westmorland against King Henry VIII and the English Reformation Parliament. It was led by Sir Francis Bigod, of Settrington in the East Riding of Yorkshire.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.
Robert R. Glauber
Robert Rudolf Glauber (March 22, 1939 – February 14, 2021) was an American academic who was a lecturer at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government and a visiting professor at the Harvard Law School. He was the former chairman, president, board member and chief executive officer of NASD, and Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance from 1989 to 1992.  Glauber was executive director of the task force appointed by President Reagan to report on the 1987 stock market crash.  He was also a director of Moody's Corporation, a trustee of the International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation; and director of XL Capital Ltd. Glauber had been a senior advisor at Peter J. Solomon Co., an investment bank, since November 2006 and was a member of the Committee on Capital Markets Regulation.  He received his degrees from Harvard College and Harvard Business School.

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) is a private American corporation that acts as a self-regulatory organization (SRO) that regulates member brokerage firms and exchange markets. FINRA is the successor to the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (NASD) as well as to the member regulation, enforcement, and arbitration operations of the New York Stock Exchange.

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is the federal government agency that serves as the ultimate regulator of the United States securities industry, including oversight of FINRA.
Ágnes Bartha
Ágnes Galambos Bartha (née Schwartz, 26 October 1922 – 9 May 2018) was a Hungarian photographer and Ravensbrück concentration camp survivor. Together with her friend Edith Kiss she was deported to Ravensbrück in the autumn of 1944 and then transferred to the Daimler-Benz factory at Ludwigsfelde where she was forced to work on aircraft engines for the Luftwaffe. After escaping from a death march in April 1945, she returned with Kiss to Budapest. Since 1992, she has talked about her experiences of deportation and concentration camps, taking part in a number of exhibitions and films.

Edith Kiss
Edith Bán Kiss (also Edit, née Rott 1905 – 27 October 1966) was a Hungarian sculptor and painter. In the autumn of 1944, she was deported to the Ravensbrück concentration camp in northern Germany and then transferred to the Daimler-Benz factory at Ludwigsfelde where she was forced to work on aircraft engines for the Luftwaffe. Shortly after her release at the end of the war, she illustrated her experiences of concentration camps with 30 gouache sketches which were exhibited in Budapest in late 1945. There was however little recognition of her work in the West. As a result, following the death of her husband she committed suicide in Paris in 1966. In 1992, her Deportation series was exhibited in Berlin, Paris and Budapest.
William B. Allgood
William Barnett Allgood (April 5, 1868 – July 18, 1933) was a government official in Alabama who served as the State Auditor of Alabama from 1923 to 1927 and as Alabama State Treasurer from 1927 to 1932.

State Auditor of Alabama
The state auditor of Alabama is constitutionally required to make a complete report to the governor of Alabama showing the receipts and disbursement of every character, all claims audited and paid out, and all taxes and revenues collected and paid into the treasury. The office also makes other reports to the governor and the Alabama Legislature as the law requires. Since 1969, the office has been responsible for maintaining all property records of all non-consumable property of the State of Alabama. Until 1899 the office was responsible for maintaining all land records of the state when at that time, that function was transferred to the Alabama Forestry Commission. A separate Office of Public Examiners administers audits conducted by the state.

The state auditor also serves as a member of The State Board of Adjustment, The State Board of Appointment for Boards of Registrars, The State Board of Compromise, The Alabama Education Authority (ex officio), and The Penny Trust Fund.
Wallyford railway station
Wallyford railway station is a railway station serving the village of Wallyford, East Lothian near Musselburgh in Scotland. It is located on the East Coast Main Line, 7+1⁄2 miles (12.1 km) east of Edinburgh Waverley. It was opened by Railtrack in 1994 and is served by trains on the North Berwick Line.

Edinburgh Waverley railway station
Edinburgh Waverley (also known simply as Edinburgh; Scottish Gaelic: Waverley Dhùn Èideann) is the principal railway station serving Edinburgh, Scotland. It is the second busiest station in Scotland, after Glasgow Central. The station serves as the northern terminus of the East Coast Main Line, 393 miles 13 chains (393.16 miles; 632.7 kilometres) from London King's Cross, although some trains operated by London North Eastern Railway continue to other Scottish destinations beyond Edinburgh.
Dunton
Dunton is the name of more than one place.

In the United Kingdom:

Dunton, Bedfordshire

Dunton, Buckinghamshire

Dunton, Norfolk

Dunton Bassett, Leicestershire

Dunton Green, Kent

Dunton, Essex

Dunton Wayletts, Essex

Dunton Technical Centre, Essex

Dunton Wayletts
Dunton Wayletts or Dunton is a hamlet in the Borough of Basildon in Essex, England. It lies on the western outskirts of the borough's main town of Basildon, adjoining the suburb of Laindon. It was historically a separate village and parish.
Cherryvale Mall
CherryVale Mall (originally The Mall at CherryVale) is a shopping mall in Rockford, Illinois, along its border with Cherry Valley.  Located at the intersection of US 20, Interstate 39, and Interstate 90, the two-story mall is the largest shopping mall in northern Illinois outside of suburban Chicago.

Along with being the largest mall in the region, CherryVale is notable for being the first mall in Rockford designed as a fully enclosed shopping center along with the opening of the first Marshall Field's department store in Illinois outside of the Chicago region. Developed by the Richard E. Jacobs Group, the mall is currently owned by CBL & Associates Properties, who acquired it in 2001. The mall's anchor tenants are JCPenney, Macy's, Tilt Studio/Tilted 10, Home Trends Furniture & Mattress, and Barnes & Noble. There is a vacant anchor space last occupied by Bergner's.

CBL Properties
CBL & Associates Properties, Inc. (previously CBL & Associates, Inc.) is an American real estate investment trust that invests in shopping centers and shopping malls, primarily in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States. The company is organized in Delaware with its headquarters in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Its largest market is Chattanooga, Tennessee (6.8% of 2024 revenues). The company's name is based on the initials of its founder, Charles B. Lebovitz.
Patent and Trademark Office v. Booking.com B. V.
Patent and Trademark Office v. Booking.com B. V., 591 U.S. ___ (2020), was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with the trademarkability of a generic terms appended with a top-level domain (TLD) specifier (in this case "Booking.com"). The Court ruled that such names can be trademarked unless the existing combination of term and TLD is considered to have a generic meaning to consumers.

Trademark distinctiveness
Trademark distinctiveness is an important concept in the law governing trademarks and service marks. A trademark may be eligible for registration, or registrable, if it performs the essential trademark function, and has distinctive character. Registrability can be understood as a continuum, with "inherently distinctive" marks at one end, "generic" and "descriptive" marks with no distinctive character at the other end, and "suggestive" and "arbitrary" marks lying between these two points. "Descriptive" marks must acquire distinctiveness through secondary meaning—consumers have come to recognize the mark as a source indicator—to be protectable. "Generic" terms are used to refer to the product or service itself and cannot be used as trademarks.
Combined Opposition Parties
The Combined Opposition Parties (COP) was a Pakistani coalition of 6 to 13 political parties founded on July 21, 1964, to run in the 1965 presidential, and general election against field marshal Ayub Khan and his authoritarian regime

The COP was founded by Khawaja Nazimuddin among other political leaders in an attempt to challenge the military president Ayub Khan, who had imposed martial law since 1958. The group was made up of various political parties with differing ideologies and struggled to pick a single candidate in the 1965 election to run against Ayub, but eventually settled on Fatima Jinnah. The COP followed followed Chaudhri Muhammad Ali’s nine points as its official ideology.

Following the 1965 election results, which came in favor of Ayub, the coalition was divided, and eventually dissolved due to efforts by the Council Muslim League to dominate the group.

Chaudhri Muhammad Ali
Chaudhri Muhammad Ali (15 July 1905 – 2 December 1982)  was a Pakistani politician and statesman who served as the fourth prime minister of Pakistan from 1955 until his resignation in 1956. His government oversaw the promulgation of the first Pakistani constitution, transitioning Pakistan from a dominion to a republic.

He resigned from the position of Prime Minister in 1956, and from the Muslim League as well, when he failed at healing rifts with Muslim League, and a new party, named as Republican Party. His credibility is noted for promulgating the first set of the Constitution of Pakistan lost political endorsement from his party when failing to investigate the allegations on vote rigging and the secret defections in favour of the Republican Party.
Ben Rubeor
Ben Rubeor (born March 12, 1986) is a former professional lacrosse player and coach. He was the head coach for Atlas Lacrosse Club of the Premier Lacrosse League from 2020-2022. Rubeor previously played for the Chesapeake Bayhawks & Long Island Lizards in Major League Lacrosse.  He was one of the nation's top collegiate lacrosse players at the University of Virginia.  Ben also currently serves as the men's varsity head lacrosse coach and assistant admissions director at Thayer Academy in Braintree, Massachusetts.

Chesapeake Bayhawks
The Chesapeake Bayhawks were a Major League Lacrosse (MLL) professional men's field lacrosse team based in Annapolis, Maryland. They played in the greater Baltimore metro area beginning with the MLL's inaugural 2001 season, as the Baltimore Bayhawks from 2001 to 2006 and as the Washington Bayhawks from 2007 to 2009.

They won six Steinfeld Cup titles, the most of any MLL franchise.
Stephen Thomas (sailor)
Stephen Thomas (born 5 January 1977) is a British Paralympic sailor. Thomas has represented Great Britain at three Summer Paralympics and with his colleagues John Robertson and Hannah Stodel has won multiple medals in the Mixed Sonar class at the Disabled Sailing World Championships, including gold in 2005 and 2006.

Sonar (keelboat)
The Sonar is a one design keelboat designed by Bruce Kirby and first built in 1980.

The design was initiated as a commission from the members of the Noroton Yacht Club of Darien, Connecticut, United States.

The Sonar was inducted into the American Sailboat Hall of Fame in 2004.

The design was developed into the Blazer 23, using the same hull, but a larger cabin.
Mathai–Quillen formalism
In mathematics, the Mathai–Quillen formalism is an approach to topological quantum field theory introduced by Atiyah and Jeffrey (1990),  based on the Mathai–Quillen form constructed in Mathai and  Quillen (1986). In more detail, using the superconnection formalism of Quillen, they obtained a refinement of the Riemann–Roch formula, which links together the Thom classes in K-theory and cohomology, as an equality on the level of differential forms. This has an interpretation in physics as the computation of the classical and quantum (super) partition functions for the fermionic analogue of a harmonic oscillator with source term. In particular, they obtained a nice Gaussian shape representative of the Thom class in cohomology, which has a peak along the zero section.

Michael Atiyah
Sir Michael Francis Atiyah (/əˈtiːə/; 22 April 1929 – 11 January 2019) was a British-Lebanese mathematician specialising in geometry. His contributions include the Atiyah–Singer index theorem and co-founding topological K-theory. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966 and the Abel Prize in 2004.
Catagunya Power Station
The Catagunya Power Station is a run-of-the-river hydroelectric power station located in the Central Highlands region of Tasmania, Australia. The power station is situated on the Lower River Derwent catchment and is owned and operated by Hydro Tasmania.

Hydro Tasmania
Hydro Tasmania, formerly the Hydro-Electric Commission (HEC), is a Tasmanian Government business enterprise which is the main electricity generator in Tasmania, Australia. Originally oriented towards hydro-electricity, owing to Tasmania's dramatic topography and relatively high rainfall in the central and western parts of the state, today Hydro Tasmania operates 30 hydro-electric and one gas power station, and is a joint owner in three wind farms.
Marylyn Addo
Marylyn Martina Addo (German: [ˈmɛʁilɪn ˈa.doː] ⓘ, born 1970) is a German infectiologist who is a professor and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) head of infectious disease at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. Addo has developed and tested vaccinations that protect people from Ebola virus disease and the MERS coronavirus EMC/2012. She is currently developing a viral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine.

Infectious diseases (medical specialty)
Infectious diseases (ID), also known as infectiology, is a medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of infections. An infectious diseases specialist's practice consists of managing nosocomial (healthcare-acquired) infections or community-acquired infections. An ID specialist investigates and determines the cause of a disease (bacteria, virus, parasite, fungus or prions). Once the cause is known, an ID specialist can then run various tests to determine the best drug to treat the disease. While infectious diseases have always been around, the infectious disease specialty did not exist until the late 1900s after scientists and physicians in the 19th century paved the way with research on the sources of infectious disease and the development of vaccines.
Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Dung
Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Dung (born 13 December 1993) is a Vietnamese former footballer who plays as a winger for Phong Phú Hà Nam and Vietnam women's national team. She ranks as the all-time top appearance for Vietnam national team and their third highest scorer.

Phong Phú Hà Nam W.F.C.
Phong Phú Hà Nam Women's Football Club (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ Bóng đá nữ Phong Phú Hà Nam) is a Vietnamese women's football club based in Hà Nam ward, Ninh Bình province. The club plays in the Vietnamese Women's Football Championship. They are currently playing at Hà Nam Stadium.
Lawrence Wackett
Sir Lawrence James Wackett KBE, DFC, AFC (2 January 1896 – 18 March 1982) is widely regarded as "father of the Australian aircraft industry". He has been described as "one of the towering figures in the history of Australian aviation covering, as he did, virtually all aspects of activities: pilot, designer of airframes and engines, entrepreneur and manager". He was knighted for his services to aviation and was a winner of the Oswald Watt Gold Medal. He was also a keen angler and wrote two books on the subject.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Arg, Kabul
34°31′25″N 69°10′44″E﻿ / ﻿34.52361°N 69.17889°E﻿ / 34.52361; 69.17889

The Arg is the presidential palace of Afghanistan, located in Kabul. Since the 2021 abolition of the Afghan presidency by the Taliban, it has served as the meeting place of the Cabinet of Afghanistan. The palace sits on a 34-hectare (83-acre) site in District 2, between Deh Afghanan and the affluent neighbourhood of Wazir Akbar Khan; it has historically been used by many Afghan heads of state, from Abdur Rahman Khan (who laid its foundation) to Ashraf Ghani.

It was built after the destruction of the Bala Hissar in 1880.

Bala Hissar, Kabul
Bala Hissar (lit. 'High Fort') was an ancient fortress located in the south of the old city of Kabul, Afghanistan. The estimated date of construction is around the 5th century AD. Bala Hissar sits to the south of the modern city centre at the tail end of the Kuh-e-Shēr Darwāzah (lion door) mountain. The Walls of Kabul, which are 20 feet (6.1 m) high and 12 feet (3.7 m) thick, start at the fortress and follow the mountain ridge in a sweeping curve down to the river. It sports a set of gates for access to the fortress. The Kōh-e Shēr Darwāzah mountain is behind the fort. It was destroyed by the British in 1880 during the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

Bala Hissar was originally divided into two parts: The lower fortress, containing the stables, barracks and three royal palaces, and the upper fortress (the actual fort with the name Bala Hissar) housing the armory and the dungeon of Kabul, known as the "Black Pit" (the Siyah Chal).