hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
The Soviet–Japanese border conflicts were a series of minor and major conflicts fought between the Soviet Union (led by Joseph Stalin), Mongolia (led by Khorloogiin Choibalsan) and Japan (led by Hirohito) in Northeast Asia from 1932 to 1939.

The Japanese expansion in Northeast China created a common border between Japanese-occupied Manchuria and the Soviet Far East. This led to growing tensions with the Soviet Union, with both sides often engaging in border violations and accusing the other of doing so. The Soviets and Japanese, including their respective client states of Mongolia and Manchukuo, fought in a series of escalating small border skirmishes and punitive expeditions from 1935 until Soviet-Mongolian victory over the Japanese in the 1939 Battles of Khalkhin Gol, which resolved the dispute and returned the borders to status quo ante bellum.

The Soviet–Japanese border conflicts heavily contributed to the signing of the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact in 1941.

Punitive expedition
A punitive expedition is a military journey undertaken to punish a political entity or any group of people outside the borders of the punishing state or union. It is usually undertaken in response to perceived disobedient or morally wrong behavior by miscreants, as revenge or corrective action, or to apply strong diplomatic pressure without a formal declaration of war (e.g. surgical strike). In the 19th century, punitive expeditions were used more commonly as pretexts for colonial adventures that resulted in annexations, regime changes or changes in policies of the affected state to favour one or more colonial powers.

Stowell (1921) provides the following definition:

When the territorial sovereign is too weak or is unwilling to enforce respect for international law, a state which is wronged may find it necessary to invade the territory and to chastise the individuals who violate its rights and threaten its security.
8-inch gun M1888
The 8-inch gun M1888 (203 mm) was a U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps gun, initially deployed 1898–1908 in about 75 fixed emplacements, usually on a disappearing carriage. During World War I, 37 or 47 of these weapons (references vary) were removed from fixed emplacements or from storage to create a railway gun version, the 8-inch Gun M1888MIA1, Barbette carriage M1918 on railway car M1918MI, converted from the fixed coast defense mountings and used during World War I and World War II.

10-inch gun M1895
The 10-inch Gun M1895 (254 mm) and its variants the M1888 and M1900 were large coastal artillery pieces installed to defend major American seaports between 1895 and 1945. For most of their history they were operated by the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps. Most were installed on disappearing carriages, with early installations on barbette mountings. All of the weapons not in the Philippines (except four guns in Canada) were scrapped during World War II. Two of the surviving weapons were relocated from the Philippines to Fort Casey in Washington state in the 1960s.
Christopher Voss
Christopher "Chris" Voss  (born 28 November 1957) is an American businessman, author, and academic. Voss is a former FBI hostage negotiator, the CEO of The Black Swan Group Ltd, a company registered in Las Vegas, Nevada, and co-author of the book Never Split the Difference. He is an adjunct professor at  Harvard Law School and Georgetown University's McDonough School of Business, and a lecturer at the Marshall School of Business at University of Southern California.

USC Marshall School of Business
The USC Marshall School of Business is the business school of the University of Southern California. It is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business.

In 1997 the school was renamed following a $35 million donation from alumnus Gordon S. Marshall.
Social in the City
Social in the City (often styled as SitC), formerly Summer in the City, is an annual three-day multi-genre online video event held in London, dedicated to content creators and community from a range of social media platforms such as YouTube, Twitch, TikTok and Instagram.

The first Summer in the City in 2009 was a gathering of YouTubers in the parks of London. In 2016, SitC was acquired by MCM Expo Group as part of their "MCM Central" brand. After SitC 2019 the event was rebranded as Social in the City, the first Winter Edition in December took place at the National Exhibition Centre.

MCM Comic Con London
The MCM Comic Con London (formerly known as the London Movies, Comics, and Media Expo, London MCM Expo, and MCM London Comic Con) is a speculative fiction fan convention held at ExCel London twice yearly since 2002, usually on the last weekend in May and October. The convention primarily focuses on comic books, video games, sci-fi, cosplay, anime and popular media.
Semra, Ghazipur
Semara is a village in Ghazipur district, Uttar Pradesh, India.  Sadhobur village, also known as Rampur, is located across the Ganges opposite Semara. These villages are jointly called Rampur-Semara by the locals. Semara village comes under Sherpur gram panchayat of Mohammadabad tehsil. The population of this village is around 5500 while the number of voters is 3800.

Mohammadabad, Ghazipur
Yusufpur Mohammadabad is a town and a Township in Ghazipur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Haydaria village near Mohammadabad is the starting point of Purvanchal Expressway (Lucknow to Ghazipur).
Northampton, Fulton County, New York
Northampton is a town in Fulton County, New York, United States. The population was 2,670 at the 2010 census. The name comes from an original land patent. Northampton is in the northeastern corner of the county and is northeast of Gloversville. The town is known for the village of Northville, a major Adirondack community; and the Great Sacandaga Lake, which composes around 40% of the town.

Great Sacandaga Lake
The Great Sacandaga Lake (formerly the Sacandaga Reservoir) is a large lake in the Adirondack Park in northern New York in the United States. The lake has a surface area of about 41.7 square miles (108 km2) at capacity, and the length is about 29 miles (47 km). The word Sacandaga means "Land of the Waving Grass" in the native Mohawk language. The lake is in the northern parts of Fulton County and Saratoga County near the southern border of the Adirondack Park. A small portion also extends northward into southern Hamilton County. The broader, south end of the lake is northeast of the City of Johnstown and the City of Gloversville.
Great Sacandaga Lake is a reservoir created by damming the Sacandaga River. The primary purpose for the creation of the reservoir was to control flooding on the Hudson River and the Sacandaga River, floods which had a historically significant impact on the surrounding communities.
Everything! (Tones on Tail album)
Everything! is a compilation album by British post-punk band Tones on Tail, released in 1998 as a double CD.

The first disc features the original Pop album, while the second disc collects the Burning Skies and Tones on Tail EPs, along with the "There's Only One!", "Performance", "Lions" and "Christian Says" singles. The order of songs "When You're Smiling" and "You, the Night and the Music" was reversed on this compilation. Included as a bonus was a live performance of Elvis Presley's "Heartbreak Hotel" (the only officially released Tones on Tail live recording), followed by a radio interview with Daniel Ash.

A handful of alternate mixes were not released as part of this collection: the radio edits of "Go!" and "Burning Skies", as well as an extended mix of "Twist", were released on the promo EP Something!.

"Copper" was originally designated as playable at either 45 or 33+1⁄3 RPM, as it was originally released on vinyl; the 45 RPM version of the song is included in this set.

Pop (Tones on Tail album)
Pop is the only studio album by the English post-punk band Tones on Tail, a side project of the Bauhaus members Daniel Ash and Kevin Haskins (who later went on to form Love and Rockets with David J), and the Bauhaus roadie Glenn Campling. It was released on 6 April 1984 by Beggars Banquet Records.
World tree
The world tree is a motif present in several religions and mythologies, particularly Indo-European, Siberian, and Native American religions. The world tree is represented as a colossal tree which supports the heavens, thereby connecting the heavens, the terrestrial world, and, through its roots, the underworld. It may also be strongly connected to the motif of the tree of life, but it is the source of wisdom of the ages.

Specific world trees include Égig érő fa in Hungarian mythology, Ağaç Ana in Turkic mythology, Kenac' Car in Armenian mythology, Modun in Mongol mythology, Yggdrasil in Norse mythology, Irminsul in Germanic mythology, the oak in Slavic, Finnish and Baltic, Jianmu (Chinese: 建木; pinyin: jiànmù) in Chinese mythology, and in Hindu mythology the Ashvattha (a Ficus religiosa).

Ficus religiosa
Ficus religiosa or sacred fig is a species of fig native to the Indian subcontinent and Indochina that belongs to Moraceae, the fig or mulberry family. It is also known as the bodhi tree, bo tree, peepul tree, peepal tree, pipala tree or ashvattha tree (in India and Nepal). The sacred fig is considered to have a religious significance in four major religions that originated on the Indian subcontinent: Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism. Hindu and Jain ascetics consider the species to be sacred and often meditate under it. Gautama Buddha is believed to have attained enlightenment under a tree of this species. The sacred fig is the state tree of the Indian states of Odisha, Bihar and Haryana.
11th Texas Infantry Regiment
The 11th Texas Infantry Regiment was a unit of volunteers recruited in Texas that fought in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The regiment organized in the winter of 1861–1862 and always served west of the Mississippi River in the Trans-Mississippi Department. The unit was assigned to the 2nd Brigade of the Texas infantry division known as Walker's Greyhounds. The regiment fought at Milliken's Bend and Bayou Bourbeux in 1863 and Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, and Jenkins' Ferry in 1864. The regiment disbanded in mid-May 1865, but its formal surrender date was 26 May 1865.

Battle of Bayou Bourbeux
The Battle of Bayou Bourbeux also known as the Battle of Grand Coteau, Battle of Boggy Creek or the Battle of Carrion Crow Bayou (Carencro is the Cajun French word for buzzard), which is present day Carencro Bayou, was fought in southwestern Louisiana west of the town of Grand Coteau, during the American Civil War.

The engagement was between the forces of Confederate Brigadier General Thomas Green and Union Brigadier General Stephen G. Burbridge.
Raia, Goa
Raia (Goan Konkani: Rai) is a quaint village in the Salcete taluka of South Goa district, Goa state, India. It is located 4 km (2.5 mi) east from the district headquarters of Margao and 35 km (22 mi) from the state capital Panjim.

Margao
Margao (Goan Konkani: Modgaum, IPA: [mɵɖɡãʋ]; Portuguese: Margão, IPA: [mɐɾɡɐ̃ũ]) is the commercial capital of the Indian state of Goa. It stands on the banks of the river Sal. It is the district headquarters of South Goa, and administrative headquarters of Salcete sub-district. It is Goa's second largest city by population after Mormugao.
Bhishma Shankar Tiwari
Bhishma Shankar "Kushal" Tiwari (born 30 September 1960) is an Indian politician. He was a Member of Parliament in the 14th and 15th Lok Sabha, representing the Sant Kabir Nagar constituency of Uttar Pradesh as a member of the Bahujan Samaj Party political party. Tiwari joined Samajwadi Party in December 2021.

15th Lok Sabha
Members of the 15th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2009 general election in India. It was dissolved on 18 May 2014 by President Pranab Mukherjee.

Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 44 more seats than the previous 14th Lok Sabha. The next 16th Lok Sabha was convened after 2014 Indian general election.

The Second Manmohan Singh ministry introduced a total of 222 Bills (apart from Finance and Appropriations Bills) in the 15th Lok Sabha. A total of 165 Bills were passed by the House, including bills introduced in previous Lok Sabhas.

14 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 15th Lok Sabha after the 2009 Indian general election.
2006 English football corruption investigation
In 2006, several allegations were made of corruption in English football, by sources both inside and outside the game, including a BBC Panorama investigation. In response, the Football Association commissioned a report from Lord Stevens, former Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police, and subsequently an investigation was carried out by the City of London police, leading to many arrests.

Panorama (British TV programme)
Panorama is a British current affairs documentary news programme broadcast on the BBC. First broadcast in 1953, it is the world's longest-running television news magazine programme.

Panorama has been presented by many well-known BBC presenters, including Richard Dimbleby, Robin Day, David Dimbleby and Jeremy Vine. As of 2022, it broadcasts in peak time on BBC One, without a regular presenter. The programme also airs worldwide through the international feed of the BBC News channel in many countries, and domestically via the UK feed.
Woodland Reservoir (Arizona)
Located in the heart of Pinetop-Lakeside, Woodland Lake and the park surrounding it have been called the town's "Crown Jewel." In addition to trout fishing, the lake provides a host of other outdoor recreation opportunities. Woodland Lake lies on city and Apache-Sitgraves National Forest property, just west of White Mountain Blvd. in Pinetop.

Pinetop-Lakeside, Arizona
Pinetop–Lakeside is a town in Navajo County, Arizona, United States.  According to 2020 census, the population of the town is 4,030. It was founded in 1984 when the neighboring towns of Pinetop and Lakeside merged.

Pinetop–Lakeside is a popular summer resort and second-home area for Arizona desert residents. In 2002, a large forest fire, the Rodeo–Chediski Fire, threatened the town and forced an evacuation.
Hu Jinqiu
Hu Jinqiu (Chinese: 胡金秋, born September 24, 1997) is a Chinese professional basketball player who plays for the Zhejiang Guangsha Lions of the Chinese Basketball Association.

He represented China's national basketball team at the 2016 FIBA Asia Challenge in Tehran, Iran, where he led his team in minutes, points and rebounds.

Hu was included in China's squad for the 2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification.

China men's national basketball team
The China men's national basketball team (nickname Team Dragon) represents the People's Republic of China in international basketball tournaments. The national team is governed by the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). Based on the number of tournament titles, China is considered a major basketball powerhouse in Asia and has by far the most successful basketball program on the continent.
Scholar's mate
In chess, scholar's mate is the checkmate achieved by the following moves, or similar:

e4 e5

Qh5 Nc6

Bc4 Nf6??

Qxf7#

The same mating pattern may be reached by various move orders. For example, White might play 2.Bc4. In all variations, the basic idea is the same: the queen and bishop combine in a simple mating attack, occurring on f7 for White or on f2 for Black.

Scholar's mate is sometimes referred to as the four-move checkmate, although there are other ways for checkmate to occur in four moves. It is used almost exclusively by beginners. Defending against it is very simple, and if it is parried, the attacker's position usually worsens.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
1984 United States presidential election in Montana
The 1984 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 6, 1984, and was part of the 1984 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Montana overwhelmingly voted for the Republican nominee, President Ronald Reagan, over the Democratic nominee, former Vice President Walter Mondale. Reagan won Montana by a landslide margin of 22.29%. As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last election in which Glacier County voted for a Republican presidential candidate and the last time until 2016 that Roosevelt County voted Republican. Reagan became the first ever Republican to win the White House without carrying Big Horn County.

Despite this, Democratic Governor Ted Schwinden won re-election with 70% of the vote on the same ballot.

Big Horn County, Montana
Big Horn County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,124. The county seat is Hardin. The county, like the river and the mountain range, is named after the bighorn sheep in the Rocky Mountains. The county was founded in 1913.

It is located on the southern boundary of the state. Most of the area is part of the Crow Indian Reservation. Reservation poverty affects the county, which is the second-poorest county in the state.
Great Mosque of Salé
The Great Mosque of Salé (Arabic: الجامع الأعظم, romanized: al-Jama' al-A'dam), also known as the Masjid al-Tal'a, is a historic mosque in Salé, Morocco. It is the main mosque of the old city. Covering an area of 5,070 m2 (54,600 sq ft), it is the third-largest mosque in Morocco.

A first mosque on this site may have been built between 1028 and 1030 CE. The current mosque was the result of a reconstruction and expansion by the Almohad ruler Yaqub al-Mansur in 1196. Further renovations in the 18th century gave the building its present-day appearance. It was severely damaged in the Bombardment of Salé of 1851 and was briefly closed during the French protectorate in Morocco.

Yaqub al-Mansur
Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb ibn Yūsuf ibn Abd al-Muʾmin al-Manṣūr (Arabic: أبو يوسف يعقوب بن يوسف بن عبد المؤمن المنصور; d. 23 January 1199), commonly known as Yaqub al-Mansur (يعقوب المنصور) or Moulay Yacoub (مولاي يعقوب), was the third Almohad caliph. Succeeding his father, al-Mansur reigned from 1184 to 1199. His reign was distinguished by the flourishing of trade, architecture, philosophy and the sciences, as well as by victorious military campaigns in which he was successful in repelling the tide of the Reconquista in the Iberian Peninsula.
David Fitzgerald (hurler)
David Fitzgerald (born 1996) is an Irish hurler who plays as a midfielder for club side Inagh-Kilnamona and at inter-county level with the Clare senior hurling team.

On 21 July 2024, he started in midfield as Clare won the All-Ireland for the first time in 11 years after an extra-time win against Cork by 3-29 to 1-34, claiming their fifth All-Ireland title. Fitzgerald won an All Star at the end of the 2024 season.

GAA GPA All Stars Awards
The Gaelic Athletic Association–Gaelic Players' Association All Stars Awards (often known simply as the All Stars) are presented annually to the best player in each of the 15 playing positions in Gaelic football and hurling. Additionally, one person in each code is selected as Player of the Year.

The awards were instituted in 1971. Since 2011 they have been presented jointly by the Gaelic Athletic Association and the representative body for inter-county players, the Gaelic Players Association.

Each player who receives a nomination is given a medallion marking the milestone.

It is considered "the most coveted sporting award scheme in the country". Equivalent awards exist for ladies' football, rounders and camogie.
Emilio Blanco Izaga
Emilio Blanco Izaga (1892–1949) was a Spanish military comptroller, ethnographer and architect, who developed his career in the Spanish protectorate in Morocco. He published a number of ethnographic and architectural essays on the Rif region.

Riffians
Riffians or Rifians (Arabic: الريفيون; Tarifit: Irifiyen) are a Berber ethnic group originally from the Rif region of northeastern Morocco. Communities of Riffian immigrants are also found in southern Spain, Netherlands and Belgium as well as elsewhere in Western Europe. They are overwhelmingly Sunni Muslims and speak Tarifit and Moroccan Arabic.
Burak-class corvette
Burak-class corvette (Turkish: Burak sınıfı korvet), also known as the B-class corvette, is a warship class of the Turkish Navy, all ex-D'Estienne d'Orves-class A69 type aviso corvettes, mainly designed for coastal anti-submarine defense & ocean escort missions. Their robust design & economical propulsion system allows them to be used for distant overseas operations.

A total of six ships under the Burak-class are being operated by the Turkish Naval Forces and will be phased out with introduction of Ada-class corvettes.

Turkish Naval Forces
The Turkish Naval Forces (Turkish: Türk Deniz Kuvvetleri), or Turkish Navy (Turkish: Türk Donanması), is the naval warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.

The modern naval traditions and customs of the Turkish Navy can be traced back to 10 July 1920, when it was established as the Directorate of Naval Affairs during the Turkish War of Independence led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Since July 1949, the service has been officially known as the Turkish Naval Forces.

In 2008, the Turkish Navy had a reported active personnel strength of 48,600; this figure included an Amphibious Marines Brigade as well as several Special Forces and Commando detachments. As of early 2021, the navy operates a wide variety of ships and 60 maritime aircraft.
Misa Matsui
Misa Matsui (松井珠紗, Matsui Misa) is a Japanese professional wrestler, currently signed to Dream Star Fighting Marigold where she is a part of Darkness Revolution and one-half of the current Marigold Twin Star Champions in her first reign. She is previously known for her tenure with the Japanese promotion Actwres girl'Z (AWG) and several brief others from the Japanese independent scene such as Pro Wrestling Wave, Seadlinnng and Oz Academy.

Actwres girl'Z
Actwres girl'Z is a Japanese independent sports entertainment organization and former professional wrestling promotion founded in 2015. The meaning of the "Actwres Girl'Z" name is a combination of the words "wrestler" and "actress".
Palm Sunday Putsch
The Palm Sunday Putsch (German: Palmsonntagsputsch) of 13 April 1919 was a failed attempt by Bavarian militia to overthrow the week-old Bavarian Soviet Republic and restore the elected government under its minister-president, Johannes Hoffmann.

The putsch failed due to the resistance of fighters who supported the communist Soviet Republic. Their success led to the removal of the pacifist and anarchist intellectuals who had previously been in control. A more radical government led by Eugen Leviné and Max Levien then took power.

The Bavarian Soviet Republic was overthrown in early May 1919 by forces of the Weimar Republic, clearing the way for Bavaria to become a constituent state of the German republic a few months later.

Johannes Hoffmann (SPD politician)
Johannes Hoffmann (3 July 1867 – 15 December 1930) was a German politician and member of the Social Democratic Party from Bavaria. He served as a Minister in the revolutionary government of the Bavarian Soviet Republic and subsequently in the People's State of Bavaria administration, 1919–20.