hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
22nd Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 22nd Armoured Brigade was an armoured brigade of the British Army that saw service during and after the Second World War. The brigade was formed on the outbreak of war on 3 September 1939 from Territorial Army (TA) armoured regiments. It saw a considerable amount of action during the war, beginning with the Western Desert Campaign where it was engaged in Operation Crusader and at the Battles of Gazala, Mersa Matruh, First Alamein and Alam el Halfa. It then joined the 7th Armoured Division (the 'Desert Rats') for the Second Battle of El Alamein. It remained part of 7th Armoured for the rest of the war, including the campaigns in Tunisia, Italy and North West Europe. It continued in the postwar TA until 1956. The brigade was re-established, made up of regular regiments in Germany, between 1981 and 1993.

Second Battle of El Alamein
The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis from advancing further into Egypt.

In October 1942 Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery,  commander of Eighth Army, opened his offensive against the Axis forces. In a 13-day battle the Axis Panzerarmee Afrika was crushed and forced to retreat from Egypt and Libya to the borders of Tunisia. The Allied victory at El Alamein was the beginning of the end of the Western Desert Campaign.

The battle ended the Axis threat to the Middle East and Iran and revived the morale of the western Allies, being their first big success against the Axis since Operation Crusader in late 1941. The end of the battle coincided with the Allied invasion of French North Africa in Operation Torch on 8 November, which opened a second front in North Africa.
Eldor Shomurodov
Eldor Azamat oʻgʻli Shomurodov (born 29 June 1995) is an Uzbek professional footballer who plays as a forward for Süper Lig club İstanbul Başakşehir, on loan from Serie A club Roma, and captains the Uzbekistan national team.

Shomurodov played in his homeland for Mash'al Mubarek and Bunyodkor, before spending three years with Rostov in the Russian Premier League. In 2020, he moved to Genoa in Serie A for €8 million and a year later Roma for €17.5 million, followed by loan spells at Spezia and Cagliari.

After helping the under-20 team to the quarter-finals of the 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup, Shomurodov made his full international debut for Uzbekistan later that year, and represented the country at the 2019 AFC Asian Cup. He also captained his team to qualify for the first World Cup appearance. With 43 goals, he is the nation's all-time top scorer.

Cagliari Calcio
Cagliari Calcio, commonly referred to as Cagliari (Italian: [ˈkaʎʎari] ⓘ), is a professional Italian football club based in Cagliari, Sardinia, that plays in Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. The club currently plays home matches at the 16,416-seat Unipol Domus.

Founded in 1920, they won their first and only Scudetto in 1969–70, when they were led by the Italian national team's all-time leading scorer, Gigi Riva. The triumph was also the first by a club from south of Rome. The club's best European performance was in the 1993–94 UEFA Cup, reaching the semi-finals before losing to eventual winners Internazionale.

As with the flag of its city, Cagliari's main colours are blue and red. The club badge incorporates the flag of Sardinia.
11th Army (Italy)
The 11th Army (Italian: 11ª Armata) was a World War II field army of the Royal Italian Army. It was formed in November 1940 for service in the Greco-Italian War, and after the German invasion of Greece and the capitulation of that country in April 1941, assumed occupation duties in the Greek mainland. It remained on station in Greece until the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943, when it was forcibly disbanded by the Germans.

33rd Infantry Division "Acqui"
The 33rd Infantry Division "Acqui" (Italian: 33ª Divisione di fanteria "Acqui") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Acqui was classified as a mountain infantry division, which meant that its artillery was moved by pack mules instead of the horse-drawn carriages of line infantry divisions. Italy's real mountain warfare divisions were the six alpine divisions manned by Alpini mountain troops. The division was named for the city of Acqui. The division is notable for having been massacred with remarkable cruelty after surrendering to the Germans on 21 September 1943. The main detachments of the Acqui division in the islands of Cephalonia and Corfu were officially dissolved 25 September 1943.
Bill Young (Florida politician)
Charles William Young (December 16, 1930 – October 18, 2013) was an American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1971 until his death in 2013. A Republican from Florida, Young served as chairman of the House Committee on Appropriations from 1999 to 2005. He was the longest-serving Republican member of Congress at the time of his death.

United States House Committee on Appropriations
The United States House Committee on Appropriations is a committee of the United States House of Representatives that is responsible for passing appropriation bills along with its Senate counterpart. The bills passed by the Appropriations Committee regulate expenditures of money by the government of the United States. As such, it is one of the most powerful committees, and its members are seen as influential.
Denpanom Pran26
Denpanom Pran26 is a Muay Thai fighter from Thailand.  He stands at 5'10 (178 cm) and trains with the Pran26 gym.  Among his accomplishments, he holds the Omnoi Stadium Title at 69.8 kg. He is the current Lumpinee Stadium Middleweight champion.

At MTGP Fight Night 85, Denpanom won the MTGP world title with a unanimous decision in a five-round showdown against Michael Wakeling.

Denpanom recently fought at ONE Championship's ONE Friday Fight 30, where he faced Ricardo Bravo and was defeated by knockout in the second round.  Despite some losses, Denpanom has notable victories, including wins over fighters like Mohammad Asadian and Michael Wakeling.

For July 2024, he is ranked the number 6 contender in the middleweight division of the Rajadamnern Stadium rankings.  For the August 2024 rankings, Combat Press ranked Denpanom Pran26, the 3rd best Muay Thai fighter in the middleweight division.

Lumpinee Boxing Stadium
Lumpinee Boxing Stadium (Thai: สนามเวทีมวยลุมพินี) is a sporting arena in Bangkok, Thailand.  Opened more than a decade later than Rajadamnern Stadium, Lumpinee is run by the Royal Thai Army. It has become the symbol of modern Muay Thai. Only Rajadamnern Stadium rivals the prestige of holding the title of "Muay Thai Champion of Lumpinee". The ranking system and championship titles are held from mini flyweight (105 lb) up to super welterweight (154 lb).

Muay Thai bouts are held on Tuesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays. The fights usually start around 18:00.

The final event at its original site on Rama IV Road near Lumphini Park (where One Bangkok is currently being built) was held on 8 February 2014. The stadium then moved to its new home on Ram Inthra Road which can hold up to 5,000 spectators. The new stadium held the first fight on 11 February 2014 and was officially opened on 28 February 2014.
Ilse Hellman
Ilse Hellman Noach (28 September 1908 – 3 December 1998) was an Austrian-British psychoanalyst and child development expert. She worked with child evacuees from London with psychological issues in the first two years of the Second World War under the employ of the Home Office before working at Anna Freud's Hampstead War Nurseries until the war was over. Hellman trained in psychoanalysis under Dorothy Burlingham and worked at Burlingham's and Freud's Hampsead Child Therapy Course and Clinic from 1945 until her retirement in 1992. She published From War Babies to Grandmothers: Forty-Eight Years in Psychoanalysis in 1990.

Dorothy Burlingham
Dorothy Trimble Tiffany Burlingham (11 October 1891 – 19 November 1979) was an American child psychoanalyst and educator.  A lifelong friend and partner of Anna Freud, Burlingham is known for her joint work with Freud on the analysis of children.  During the 1960s and 70s, Burlingham directed the Research Group on the Study of Blind Children at the Hampstead Clinic in London.  Her 1979 article on blind infants, "To Be Blind in a Sighted World," published in The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, is considered to be a landmark of empathic scientific observation.

Burlingham was the daughter of Louise Wakeman Knox and artist Louis Comfort Tiffany, and the granddaughter of Charles Lewis Tiffany, founder of Tiffany & Co.
Fen (currency)
A fen (Chinese: 分; pinyin: fēn) (Cantonese: sin [Chinese: 仙]), is a unit of currency used in Greater China, including the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), Hong Kong (called a cent in English) and Macao (called an avo in Portuguese). One fen is equal to 1⁄100 of a yuan or 1⁄10 of a Chinese jiao.

Renminbi were issued in coin denominations of 1, 2, and 5 fen and also banknote denominations of 1, 2, and 5 fen. The fen banknotes have stopped circulation since 1 April 2007, while the fen coins are still legal tenders by de jure, but generally limited to interests settlement by banks or exchange of foreign remittances, and rarely used in normal shopping purpose, as shops usually rounded it to jiao (e.g. ¥4.55 is rounded to ¥4.60).

The character 分 is also used to translate "cent" in other currencies. A euro cent is called 欧分; 歐分; Ōufēn in Chinese.

Cent (currency)
The cent is a monetary unit of many national currencies that equals a hundredth (1⁄100) of the basic monetary unit. The word derives from the Latin centum, 'hundred'.

The cent sign is commonly a simple minuscule (lower case) letter c. In North America, the c is crossed by a diagonal or vertical stroke (depending on typeface), yielding the character ¢.

The United States one cent coin is generally known by the nickname "penny", alluding to the British coin and unit of that name. Australia ended production of their 1c coin in 1990, New Zealand last produced their 1c coin in 1988, as did Canada in 2012 and the US in 2025. Some Eurozone countries ended production of the 1 euro cent coin, most recently Slovakia in 2022.
Rosa 'Paul Transon'
Rosa 'Paul Transon'  is a salmon-pink hybrid wichurana. The cultivar was bred by French rose hybridizer, René Barbier in 1900.
The rose was awarded the Award of Garden Merit (AGM) by the Royal National Rose Society (RNRS) in 1993.

Barbier Frères & Compagnie
Barbier Frères & Compagnie was a commercial rose nursery best known for introducing large-flowered  Wichurana ramblers to Europe in the early 1900s. The nursery was established in 1894 by brothers Albert & Eugène Barbier and located in Olivet, near Orleans, France, René Barbier, son of original co-founder, Albert Barbier, led the nursery's rose hybridizing program and is responsible for creating a new type of rambling rose that continues to be popular today.  The nursery's most successful rose cultivars include: ''Albéric Barbier' (1900), 'Paul Transon' (1901), 'Alexandre Girault' (1909), and 'Albertine'(1921). The nursery closed in 1972.
F-Yang–Mills equations
In differential geometry, the -Yang–Mills equations (or -YM equations) are a generalization of the Yang–Mills equations. Its solutions are called -Yang–Mills connections (or -YM connections). Simple important cases of -Yang–Mills connections include exponential Yang–Mills connections using the exponential function for  and -Yang–Mills connections using  as exponent of a potence of the norm of the curvature form similar to the -norm. Also often considered are Yang–Mills–Born–Infeld connections (or YMBI connections) with positive or negative sign in a function  involving the square root. This makes the Yang–Mills–Born–Infeld equation similar to the minimal surface equation.

Minimal surface
In mathematics, a minimal surface is a surface that locally minimizes its area. This is equivalent to having zero mean curvature (see definitions below).

The term "minimal surface" is used because these surfaces originally arose as surfaces that minimized total surface area subject to some constraint. Physical models of area-minimizing minimal surfaces can be made by dipping a wire frame into a soap solution, forming a soap film, which is a minimal surface whose boundary is the wire frame. However, the term is used for more general surfaces that may self-intersect or do not have constraints. For a given constraint there may also exist several minimal surfaces with different areas (for example, see minimal surface of revolution): the standard definitions only relate to a local optimum, not a global optimum.
Standard Widget Toolkit
The Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT) is a graphical widget toolkit for use with the Java platform. It was originally developed by Stephen Northover at IBM and is now maintained by the Eclipse Foundation in tandem with the Eclipse IDE. It is an alternative to the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) and Swing Java graphical user interface (GUI) toolkits provided by Sun Microsystems as part of the Java Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE).

To display GUI elements, the SWT implementation accesses the native GUI libraries of the operating system using Java Native Interface (JNI) in a manner that is similar to those programs written using operating system-specific application programming interfaces (APIs). Programs that call SWT are portable, but the implementation of the toolkit, despite part of it being written in Java, is unique for each platform.

The toolkit is free and open-source software distributed under the Eclipse Public License, which is approved by the Open Source Initiative.

Java Platform, Standard Edition
Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE) is a computing platform, technical standard for execution of applications on independent Java-supported platforms as such  portable code for desktop and server environments. Java SE was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE).

The platform uses the Java programming language and is part of the Java software-platform family. Java SE defines a range of general-purpose APIs—such as Java APIs for the Java Class Library—and also includes the Java Language Specification and the Java Virtual Machine Specification.
OpenJDK is the official reference implementation since version 7.
NCAA Season 92 volleyball tournaments
The volleyball tournaments of NCAA Season 92 started on November 14, 2016. The College of Saint Benilde is currently hosting the tournament. Games are played at the Filoil Flying V Arena in San Juan, with two women's and men's games. The women's and men's semifinals' and finals' games are aired live by ABS-CBN Sports and Action and in High Definition on ABS-CBN Sports and Action HD 166.

NCAA Season 92
NCAA Season 92 was the 2016–17 collegiate athletic year of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in the Philippines. It was hosted by the San Beda College. The turnover ceremony of the NCAA flag from Mapua to San Beda was held at the Pearl Manila Hotel on April 6, 2016.

The formal opening ceremonies, which was directed by theater play director Roxanne Lapus and choreographer Douglas Nierras, was held at the Mall of Asia Arena, Pasay on June 25, 2016. The highlight of the opening of NCAA Season 92 was the retirement ceremony of the #14 jersey of Philippine basketball legend Carlos Loyzaga by the host school, San Beda. This was followed by the first games of men's basketball preliminary round.

For the second year, ABS-CBN Sports and Action provided broadcast coverage for the NCAA Season 92.
KFRO-FM
KFRO-FM (99.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Cuney, Texas, United States, and serving the Tyler–Longview area. Owned by RCA Broadcasting of Longview, Texas, it carries a classic hits format in a simulcast with KFRO and their associated translator, branded "99.7 and 94.1 KFRO". The transmitter is on Bois D Arc Drive at Hilltop Trail in Bullard, Texas.

Prior to May 24, 2024, the station operated as noncommercial educational KVUT, a public radio station under ownership of the University of Texas at Tyler.

Cuney, Texas
Cuney is a town located in northwestern Cherokee County, Texas, United States. With a population of 116 at the 2020 U.S. census, Cuney was the only "wet" town in Cherokee County from the mid-1980s until 2009, when voters in Rusk came out in favor of beer/wine sales. After that result, voters in Jacksonville and Frankston have since voted in favor of beer/wine sales, and Rusk voters returned to the polls to vote in favor of liquor sales.
Alexandre Isaac
Pierre Alexandre Ildefonse Isaac (9 January 1845 –  5 August 1899) was a French lawyer who was a left-leaning Senator of Guadeloupe from 1885 until his death in 1899.
He was of mixed African and European ancestry. He was particularly involved in colonial issues, always seeking administration based on justice and humanity.
He was one of founding members of the Human Rights League in France.

Human Rights League (France)
The Human Rights League (French: Ligue des droits de l'homme, LDH), officially the French League for the Defense of Human Rights and Citizen (French: Ligue française pour la défense des droits de l'homme et du citoyen), is a human rights NGO association whose mission includes to observe, defend and promulgate human rights within the French Republic in all spheres of public life. The LDH is a member of the International Federation of Human Rights Leagues (FIDH).
Matt Janning
Matthew Lawrence Janning (born June 22, 1988) is a former American-born naturalized Georgian professional basketball player and assistant coach. He is a 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) tall shooting guard that played college basketball for Northeastern University.

Northeastern Huskies men's basketball
The Northeastern Huskies men's basketball team represents Northeastern University, located in Boston, Massachusetts, in NCAA Division I basketball competition. The team has competed in the Coastal Athletic Association (CAA) since 2005 and has won two tournament titles, having previously played in the America East Conference, where they won seven tournament titles. The Huskies currently play home games at the 1,500-seat Cabot Center, following the late-2025 closure and subsequent demolition of the team's former home of Matthews Arena. Since 2006, the Huskies have been coached by Bill Coen.
Don't Feed the Monster
Don't Feed the Monster is the tenth studio album by American rapper Homeboy Sandman. It was released on October 16, 2020, through Mello Music Group with distribution via The Orchard. Production was handled entirely by Quelle Chris, who is featured on the album as well.

Quelle Chris
Gavin Christopher Tennille (born October 19, 1984), known as Quelle Chris, is an American record producer, rapper and songwriter from Detroit, Michigan. He has released over 15 albums as a solo act and with his collaborative projects.
BioMarin Pharmaceutical
BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. is an American biotechnology company headquartered in San Rafael, California. It has offices and facilities in the United States, South America, Asia, and Europe. BioMarin's core business and research are in enzyme replacement therapies (ERTs). BioMarin was the first company to provide therapeutics for mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I), by manufacturing laronidase (Aldurazyme, commercialized by Genzyme Corporation).  BioMarin was also the first company to provide therapeutics for phenylketonuria (PKU).

Over the years, BioMarin has been criticised for drug pricing and for specific instances of denying access to drugs in clinical trials.

Iduronidase
Iduronidase (EC 3.2.1.76, L-iduronidase, α-L-iduronidase, laronidase), sold as Aldurazyme, is an enzyme with the systematic name glycosaminoglycan α-L-iduronohydrolase. It catalyses the hydrolysis of unsulfated α-L-iduronosidic linkages in dermatan sulfate.

It is a glycoprotein enzyme found in the lysosomes of cells. It is involved in the degeneration of glycosaminoglycans such as dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. The enzyme acts by hydrolyzing the terminal α-L-iduronic acid residues of these molecules, degrading them. The protein is reported as having a mass of approximately 83 kDa.
2008 Summer Paralympics closing ceremony
The 2008 Summer Paralympics closing ceremony was held at the Beijing National Stadium, also known as the Bird's Nest.  It began at 8:00 pm China Standard Time (UTC+8) on September 17, 2008. The number 8 is associated with prosperity and confidence in Chinese culture.

Time in China
The time in China follows a single standard time offset of UTC+08:00, where Beijing is located, even though the country spans five geographical time zones. It is the largest sovereign nation in the world that officially observes only one time zone.

The nationwide standardized time is named Beijing Time (BJT; Chinese: 北京时间) domestically and China Standard Time (CST) internationally. Daylight saving time has not been observed since 1991.

China Standard Time (UTC+8) is consistent across Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau. It is also equivalent with Taiwan, Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, most of Mongolia, Malaysia, Irkutsk Time of Russia, Western Australia, and Central Indonesia.
Oregon Route 22
Oregon Route 22 is an Oregon state highway that runs between the Oregon Coast community of Hebo, to a junction with U.S. Route 20 near Santiam Pass in the Cascade Mountains. OR 22 traverses several highways of the Oregon state highway system, including the Three Rivers Highway No. 32, part of the Salmon River Highway No. 39, the Willamina–Salem Highway No. 30, part of the Salem Highway No. 72, and the North Santiam Highway No. 162.

U.S. Route 20 in Oregon
U.S. Route 20 (US 20) is a major west–east cross-state highway in the northern part of the U.S. state of Oregon, especially east of the Cascade Mountains. It connects U.S. Route 101 in Newport on the central Oregon Coast to the Idaho state line east of Nyssa.
RAF Staplehurst
Royal Air Force Staplehurst or more simply RAF Staplehurst is a former Royal Air Force Advanced Landing Ground located in Kent, England.  The airfield is located approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) northeast of Staplehurst; about 38 miles (61 km) southeast of London.

Opened in 1943, Staplehurst was a prototype for temporary Advanced Landing Grounds built in France after D-Day, and as the Allied forces moved east across France and Germany. It was used by the Royal Air Force, Canadian and the United States Army Air Forces.  It was closed in September 1944.

Today the airfield is a mixture of agricultural fields with no recognisable remains, except a memorial now near the site.

Advanced landing ground
Advanced landing grounds (ALGs) were temporary advance airfields constructed by the Allies during World War II during the liberation of Europe. They were built in the UK prior to the invasion and thereafter in northwest Europe from 6 June 1944 to V-E Day, 7 May 1945.

Unlike the permanent airfields built in the United Kingdom and designed for the strategic bombardment of Germany, the tactical combat airfields on the continent were temporary, often improvised airfields to be used by the tactical air forces to support the advancing ground armies engaged on the battlefield. Once the front line moved out of range for the aircraft, the groups and squadrons moved up to newly built ALGs closer to the ground forces and left the ones in the rear for other support uses, or simply abandoned them.