hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of Bradford School of Management
University of Bradford School of Management is an international business school located in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. It was established in 1963 and is one of the oldest business schools in the UK, celebrating its 60th anniversary in 2023. The school is triple accredited by AACSB, AMBA and EQUIS.

Until summer 2019 it occupied buildings near Lister Park. The school was relocated to the University of Bradford City Campus for teaching in September 2019.

The School of Management is believed to be the origin of the Bradford factor, an absence review technique in HRM.

EFMD Quality Improvement System
The EFMD Quality Improvement System (EQUIS) is a business school accreditation run by the Brussels-based European Foundation for Management Development (EFMD). EQUIS accredits higher education institutions of management and business administration, and is considered one of the triple accreditation.

As of September 2025, EQUIS has accredited 228 institutions in 45 countries around the world. In 2022, EQUIS suspended all higher education institutions in Russia from its ranking.
Allstream Inc.
Allstream Inc. is a business communications provider based in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, that provides Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, managed IP services, unified communications and voice services to its customers in the United States and Canada.

The company traces its history to CNCP Telecommunications, a joint company operated by  Canadian National Railway (CN) and Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) from the 1960s. In the 1980s, they spun off the telex and telegram network to Teleglobe Canada (later Telegrams Canada) and changed the name to Unitel Communications in a bid to offer commercial long distance service. The service changed hands several times, for a time becoming AT&T Canada.

Allstream emerged in its current form in 2012 when its latest owners Manitoba Telecom Services (MTS) split off the commercial side of their offerings. Since 2015, the company has been owned by Zayo Group, a US-based fibre optic network operator.

Zayo Group
Zayo Group Holdings, Inc., or Zayo Group, is a privately held company headquartered in Denver, CO, U.S. with European headquarters in London, England. The company provides communications infrastructure services, including fiber and bandwidth connectivity, colocation and cloud infrastructure. Zayo's primary customer segments include wireless carriers, national carriers, ISPs, enterprises and government agencies. Zayo Group was built largely through acquisitions; it took over thirty companies from 2007 to 2014, including AboveNet and 360networks. The company completed an initial public offering of stock raising $600 million in 2014. In 2020, Zayo Group was taken private by global investment firms EQT AB and Digital Colony Partners in a deal valued at $14.3 billion.
North Warnborough
North Warnborough is a village in the Hart district of Hampshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Odiham.   It is located less than 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the town of Hook, on the opposite side of the M3 motorway, and just north-west of the village of Odiham. The Basingstoke Canal passes through the village, and the River Whitewater flows to the north.

Odiham
Odiham (/ˈoʊdiəm/ ⓘ) is a large historic village and civil parish in the Hart district of Hampshire, England. It has been twinned with Sourdeval in the Manche Department of France since 1993. The 2011 population was 4,406. The parish in 1851 had an area of 7,354 acres with 50 acres covered by water. The nearest railway station is at Hook, on the South West main line. The village had its own hundred, named The Hundred of Odiham. The village is situated slightly south of the M3 motorway and approximately midway between the north Hampshire towns of Fleet and Basingstoke, some 37 miles (59.5 km) north-northeast of Southampton and 43 miles (69 km) southwest of London.

RAF Odiham, home of the Royal Air Force's Chinook heavy lift helicopter fleet, lies to the south of the village.
ACDA Superior Honor Award
The Superior Honor Award is an award of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, an independent agency charged with implementing and verifying arms control strategies which has since been merged into the Department of State.  Similar versions of the same award exist for the United States Agency for International Development, the Department of State, and the former U.S. Information Agency.  This award has been replaced with the State Department's Superior Honor Award.  This award was presented to groups or individuals in recognition of a special act or service or sustained extraordinary performance covering a period of one year or longer.

The award consists of a certificate signed by an assistant secretary, an official of equivalent rank or the ACDA Director.

Superior Honor Award
The Superior Honor Award is an award of the United States Department of State.  Similar versions of the same award exist for the former U.S. Information Agency, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and USAID.  It is presented to groups or individuals in recognition of a special act or service or sustained extraordinary performance covering a period of one year or longer.

The award consists of a certificate signed by an assistant secretary, an official of equivalent rank or the Chief of Mission. The FAM was updated to remove the issue of the medal set.
Bearing rein
The Bearing rein also called a check rein or overcheck, is a type of rein attached to the bit on a bridle, that runs over the head of the horse, attaching to the harness saddle or pad. The primary purpose of a bearing rein is to prevent the horse from lowering its head. The secondary purpose is to raise the horse's head to a higher position for aesthetic reasons. A bearing rein is not held in the driver's hand and thus does not direct the horse to turn, slow down, or stop.  It can be attached to the same bit as the reins used to control and direct the horse, or to a second, separate bit sometimes called a bradoon.

Rein
Reins are used to direct a horse (or other animal) when riding or driving. They are attached to a bridle's bit or noseband and are made of leather, nylon, or other materials. Reins are used to give subtle commands or cues—also known as rein aids—to ask for a turn, a slower speed, a halt, or to go backwards.: 402 : 178
Song Hae
Song Bok-hee (Korean: 송복희; 27 April 1927 – 8 June 2022), also known professionally as Song Hae (Korean: 송해), was a South Korean television music show host and singer. He had been the host of the longest running music show National Singing Contest from 1988 until his death in 2022, and was also a veteran of the Korean War.

Korea Sings
Korea Sings (Korean: 전국노래자랑; RR: Jeongungnoraejarang; lit. National Singing Pride), commonly known in English as National Singing Contest, is a South Korean musical TV program. It airs live on KBS 1TV on Sunday at 12:10 beginning November 9, 1980. For South Korean holidays, the show has been hosted overseas. In 2003, the show was hosted in Pyongyang during National Liberation Day of Korea.
Huliya (film)
Huliya is a 1996 Indian Kannada-language action drama film written and directed by K. V. Raju and produced by G. Govind and Kadur Ramesh under the Shri Raghavendra Films banner. It stars Devaraj and Archana. Apart from them, the film stars Pooja Lokesh, Avinash, Srinivasa Murthy, Sanketh Kashi in important roles. Sadhu Kokila composed the film's score and soundtrack.

Sanketh Kashi
Kashi (1954 – 2016) known by his professional name Sanketh Kashi, was an Indian actor in the Kannada film industry. Some of the notable films of Kashi as an actor include Ulta Palta (1997), Nammoora Mandara Hoove (1996), Beladingalagi Baa (2008), and Mangalyam Tantunanena (1998).
Tor (rock formation)
A tor, which is also known by geomorphologists as either a castle koppie or kopje, is a large, free-standing rock outcrop that rises abruptly from the surrounding smooth and gentle slopes of a rounded hill summit or ridge crest. In the South West of England, the term is commonly also used for the hills themselves – particularly the high points of Dartmoor in Devon and Bodmin Moor in Cornwall.

Geomorphology
Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek  γῆ (gê) 'earth'  μορφή (morphḗ) 'form' and  λόγος (lógos) 'study') is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or near Earth's surface. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand landform and terrain history and dynamics and to predict changes through a combination of field observations, physical experiments and numerical modeling. Geomorphologists work within disciplines such as physical geography, geology, geodesy, engineering geology, archaeology, climatology, and geotechnical engineering. This broad base of interests contributes to many research styles and interests within the field.
Diocese of Bilbao
The Diocese of Bilbao  (Latin: Dioecesis Flaviobrigensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Bilbao and Province of Biscay in Northern Spain. It is part of the ecclesiastical province of Burgos.

Biscay
Biscay (/ˈbɪskeɪ, ˈbɪski/ BISK-ay, BISK-ee; Basque: Bizkaia [bis̻kai.a]; Spanish: Vizcaya [biθˈkaʝa]) is a province of the Basque Autonomous Community, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao.

Biscay is one of the most renowned and prosperous provinces of Spain, historically a major trading hub in the Atlantic Ocean since medieval times and, later on, one of the largest industrial and financial centers of the Iberian Peninsula. Since the extensive deindustrialization that took place throughout the 1970s, the economy has come to rely more on the services sector.
André Heller (volleyball)
André Heller (born 17 December 1975) is a Brazilian former volleyball player. A three-time Olympian (2000, 2004 and 2008), he played as a middle-blocker. He won the gold medal with the men's national team at the 2003 FIVB Men's World Cup in Japan and at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

After the 2013–2014 season, he retired from professional volleyball at the age of 38.

2003 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup
The 2003 FIVB Men's World Cup was held from 16 to 29 November 2003 in Japan. Twelve men's national teams played in cities all over Japan for the right to a fast lane ticket into the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

Teams were made up as follows: hosts Japan, continental champions and vice-champions from Europe, Asia, NORCECA and South America, continental champion from Africa plus two wild-card teams nominated jointly by FIVB and the Japan Volleyball Association. Teams played a single-round robin format (66 games overall), in two parallel groups (site A and site B). The men played in Tokyo, Hiroshima, Fukuoka, Nagano, Hamamatsu, and Okayama.
1993 International Championships of Spain
The 1993 International Championships of Spain, also known as the Spanish Open, was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Centre Municipal Tennis Vall d'Hebron in Barcelona, Spain that was part of the Tier II category of the 1993 WTA Tour. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament and was held from 20 April until 25 April 1993. First-seeded Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the singles title.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
Aránzazu Isabel María "Arantxa" Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾanθaθw isaˈβel maˈɾi.a aˈɾantʃa ˈsantʃeθ βiˈkaɾjo]; born 18 December 1971) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 12 weeks, as well as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 111 weeks. A defensive baseliner, Sánchez Vicario won 29 WTA Tour-level singles titles and 69 doubles titles, including 14 major titles: four in singles, six in women's doubles, and four in mixed doubles. She also won four Olympic medals and five Fed Cup titles representing Spain. In 1994, Sánchez Vicario was crowned the ITF World Champion of the year.
Charles Terront
Charles Terront (9 April 1857 – 31 October 1932) was the first major French cycling star. He won sprint, middle distance and endurance events in Europe and the United States. In September 1891 he won the first Paris–Brest–Paris cycle race, which at 1,196 kilometres (743 mi) was more than double the length of any previous event. He rode a Humber bicycle fitted with prototype removable pneumatic tyres made by Michelin. He won 54 major events over his 15-year career, was Champion of France twice and Champion of Great Britain twice.

Bordeaux–Paris
The Bordeaux–Paris professional cycle race was one of Europe's classic cycle races, and one of the longest in the professional calendar, covering approximately 560 km (350 mi) – more than twice most single-day races. It started in northern Bordeaux in southwest France at 2am and finished in the capital Paris 14 hours later. The professional event was held from 1891 until 1988. It was held as an amateur event in 2014.
Rice Bay
Rice Bay, on the Michigan side of Lac Vieux Desert, contains a significant stand of wild rice traditionally managed and harvested by the Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians. The availability of wild rice, and the annual rice harvest, played a central role in Ojibwe migration to the area and led to the establishment of a seasonal, and later permanent, settlement in this location. The area was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.

Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa
Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa (or the Gete-gitigaaning in the Anishinaabe language) is a federally recognized band of the Lake Superior Chippewa, many of whom reside on the Lac Vieux Desert Indian Reservation, located near Watersmeet, Michigan.  It is approximately 45 miles southeast of Ironwood, Michigan in Gogebic County.
Stephen L. Mayham
Stephen Lorenzo Mayham (October 8, 1826 – March 3, 1908) was an attorney and politician from Schoharie County, New York, most notable for his service as a U.S. Representative from New York and a justice of the New York Supreme Court.

New York Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the superior court in the Judiciary of New York.  It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in county courts.

New York is the only state where supreme court is a trial court rather than a court of last resort (which in New York is the Court of Appeals). Also, although it is a trial court, the Supreme Court sits as a "single great tribunal of general state-wide jurisdiction, rather than an aggregation of separate courts sitting in the several counties or judicial districts of the state." The Supreme Court is established in each of New York's 62 counties.

A separate branch of the Supreme Court called the Appellate Division serves as the highest intermediate appellate court in New York.
Tingari
The Tingari (Tingarri) cycle in Australian Aboriginal mythology embodies a vast network of Aboriginal Dreaming (tjukurpa) songlines that traverse the Western Desert region of Australia. Locations and events associated with the Tingari cycle are frequently the subject of Aboriginal Art from the region (Perkins & Fink 2000).

Songline
A songline, also called dreaming track, is one of the paths across the land (or sometimes the sky) within the animist belief systems of the Aboriginal cultures of Australia which mark the route followed by localised "creator-beings" in the Dreaming. The paths of the songlines are recorded in traditional song cycles, stories, dance, and art, and are often the basis of ceremonies.
Santokh Singh
Datuk Santokh Singh s/o Gurdial Singh PMW DSIS AMN (Punjabi: ਸੰਤੋਖ ਸਿੰਘ, romanized: Satōkha sigha; born 22 June 1952) is a retired Malaysian football player.
His wife is Taljit Kaur and has 3 children, Kiranjeet Kaur, Sukhveer Singh and Rajveer Singh.

Order of the Defender of the Realm
The Most Esteemed Order of the Defender of the Realm (Malay: Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara) is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country.  The Order Motto are 'Dipeliharakan Allah-Pangkuan Negara' (lit. 'By the Grace of God-Defender of the Realm').

The order was instituted on 6 August 1958 and initially had the five highest ranks. The medal was added on 19 August 1960.
Environmental Seismic Intensity scale
The Environmental Seismic Intensity scale (ESI 2007) is a seismic scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake on the basis of the effects of the earthquake on the natural environment (Earthquake Environmental Effects).

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
The Taming of the Shrew (1967 film)
The Taming of the Shrew is a 1967 historical romance comedy film directed by Franco Zeffirelli, based on William Shakespeare's play about a courtship between two strong-willed people in 16th-century Italy. The film stars Elizabeth Taylor (who also produced) as Kate and Richard Burton as Petruchio, who were both nominated for BAFTA Awards for their acting. It features Cyril Cusack, Michael Hordern, Michael York, and Victor Spinetti in supporting roles.

The Taming of the Shrew premiered with a Royal Film Performance on 27 February 1967. At the 40th Academy Awards,  it was nominated for Best Costume Design and Best Art Direction - Set Decoration. Burton was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Comedy or Musical, and the film was nominated for Best Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical. Burton and Taylor also received BAFTA nominations.

This was one of three Shakespeare film adaptations directed by Zeffirelli, followed by Romeo and Juliet in 1968, and Hamlet in 1990.

Katherina Minola
Katherina (Kate) Minola is a fictional character in William Shakespeare's play The Taming of the Shrew. Referred to in the play as the titular  "shrew" and the "ingenue", the play focuses on Katherina's taming by Petruchio into a more conventional role of a good wife. She is the elder daughter of Baptista Minola and the sister of Bianca Minola.
Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Jane Moran
Jane Moran (born 6 June 1985) is an Australian former water polo player. She won a gold medal at the 2011 Canada Cup and a silver medal at the 2010 FINA World Cup. She was part of the Australian junior national team that competed at the 2005 World Junior Championships held in Perth, Western Australia. She received her first call up to Australia's senior team in order to compete at the 2005 World Championships held in Canada. She was chosen to represent Australia at the 2012 Summer Olympics, and was a member of Australia's national team that won the bronze medal.

2010 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup
The 2010 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup was the 15th edition of the event, organised by the world's governing body in aquatics, the International Swimming Federation (FINA). The event took place in Christchurch, New Zealand from 17 to 22 August 2010.

The United States won the gold medal, after defeating Australia 6–3 in the final. China captured bronze, beating Russia 11–9.
Cho Yoon-sun
Cho Yoon-sun (born 22 July 1965) is a South Korean lawyer, writer and politician. She formerly served as the South Korean Minister of Gender Equality and Family and later as its Minister of Culture. However, she was later jailed after being convicted of abuse of power and coercion.

Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (South Korea)
The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (MCST; Korean: 문화체육관광부) is a central government agency of South Korea responsible for the areas of tourism, culture, art, religion, and sports. It has two vice ministers, three assistant ministers, one commission, and over 60 divisions. The first Minister of Culture was novelist Lee O-young. Subsidiary entities such as the National Museum, the National Theater, and the National Library are under the Ministry.

The headquarters are located in the Sejong Government Complex in Sejong City. The headquarters were previously in Jongno District, Seoul.
H Battery (Ramsay's Troop) Royal Horse Artillery
H Battery (Ramsay's Troop) Royal Horse Artillery is a battery of 1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery, part of the Royal Horse Artillery of the British Army. As of 2015, it is based at Albemarle Barracks, Northumberland, England and is equipped with GMLRS.

Formed in 1804, the battery has taken part in the Napoleonic Wars (notably the Battle of Waterloo where it earned its Honour Title as Ramsay's Troop), and the First and Second World Wars.

Since the Second World War, it has seen a wide variety of service as towed and self-propelled artillery, a training and a headquarters unit, and latterly as a precision fire battery. It has been based in Germany as part of the BAOR, Malaysia, Northern Ireland (Operation Banner), the Balkans, Afghanistan and Iraq.

1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery
1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery is a regiment of the Royal Horse Artillery in the British Army. It currently serves in the armoured field artillery role, and was equipped with the AS90 self-propelled gun, until it was retired from service in 2025. The regiment is currently based at Larkhill Garrison, Larkhill. The regiment completed its move from Assaye Barracks, Tidworth, to Larkhill in June 2019.