hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Metal deactivator
Metal deactivators, or metal deactivating agents (MDA) are fuel additives and oil additives used to stabilize fluids by deactivating (usually by sequestering) metal ions, mostly introduced by the action of naturally occurring acids in the fuel and acids generated in lubricants by oxidative processes with the metallic parts of the systems. Fuels desulfurized by copper sweetening also contain a significant trace amounts of copper.

Metal deactivators inhibit the catalytic effects of such ions, especially copper, retarding the formation of gummy residues (e.g. gels containing copper mercaptide). Even concentrations of copper as low as 0.1 ppm can have detrimental effects.

An example of a metal deactivator used for gasoline and jet fuels is salen. It is used in turbine and jet fuels, diesel, heating oil, and greases. It is approved for military and commercial aviation fuels. Benzotriazole and its various derivatives are also common in lubricant formulas.

Sequestrant
A sequestrant is a food additive which improves the quality and stability of foods. A sequestrant forms chelate complexes with polyvalent metal ions, especially copper, iron and nickel. This can prevent the oxidation of the fats in the food. Sequestrants are therefore a type of preservative.

The name comes from Latin and means "to withdraw from use".

Common sequestrants are:

Calcium chloride (E509)

Calcium acetate (E263)

Calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate (E385)

Glucono delta-lactone (E575)

Sodium gluconate (E576)

Potassium gluconate (E577)

Sodium tripolyphosphate (E451)

Sodium hexametaphosphate (E452i)

Sodium and calcium salts of EDTA are also commonly used in many foods and beverages.
Edwin Harrison
Edwin Charles Harrison (born November 18, 1984) is the offensive line coach for the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He is a former professional gridiron football guard who was a member of the Calgary Stampeders and the Kansas City Chiefs. He won a Grey Cup championship with the Stampeders in 2014. He played college football at Colorado.

Position coach
In American football, a position coach is a team official in charge of coaching a specific position group. Position coaches have more specialized duties than the head coach, associate and assistant coach, and the offensive and defensive coordinators.
Old Louisiana State Capitol
The Old Louisiana State Capitol, also known as the State House, is a historic government building, and now a museum, at 100 North Boulevard in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S.  It housed the Louisiana State Legislature from the mid-19th century until the current capitol tower building was constructed from 1929-32.

It was built to both look like and function like a castle and has led some locals to call it the Louisiana Castle, the Castle of Baton Rouge, the Castle on the River, or the Museum of Political History; although many simply call it "the old capitol building".  The term "Old State Capitol" in Louisiana is used to refer to the building and not to the two towns that were formerly the capital city: New Orleans and Donaldsonville.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 12, 1973, and was designated a National Historic Landmark on May 30, 1974.

Louisiana State Legislature
The Louisiana State Legislature (French: Législature de l'État de Louisiane; Spanish: Legislatura del Estado de Luisiana) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is a bicameral body, comprising the lower house, the Louisiana House of Representatives with 105 representatives, and the upper house, the Louisiana State Senate with 39 senators. Members of each house are elected from single-member districts of roughly equal populations.

The Louisiana State Legislature meets in the Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge. In March 2023, Republicans gained a supermajority of the Louisiana legislature for a first in the history of Louisiana.
Du Bouëxic family
The du Bouëxic family is a French noble family, originating from Brittany in France. There are three branches: de Pinieux, de La Driennais and de Guichen, all of which are still represented.

It became famous with Luc Urbain du Bouëxic de Guichen, lieutenant general of the naval armies, grand croix of Saint Louis, knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit and commander of the Navy in Brest, and Charles Auguste du Bouëxic de Pinieux, deputy of Eure-et-Loir.

Order of Saint Louis
The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis (French: ordre royal et militaire de Saint-Louis) is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April  1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, notable as the first decoration that could be granted to non-nobles. By the authorities of the French Republic, it is considered a predecessor of the Legion of Honour, with which it shares the red ribbon (though the Legion of Honour is awarded to military personnel and civilians alike).

Although officially abolished by the government authorities of the July Revolution in 1830 following the French Revolution, its activities carried on as a dynastic order of the formerly sovereign royal family. As such, it is still recognised by the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry.
Philip G. Peabody
Philip Glendower Peabody (22 February 1857 – 25 February 1934) was an American lawyer and traveller known for his anti-vivisection activism. He was the co-founder and first president of the New England Anti-Vivisection Society.

Vivisection
Vivisection (from Latin  vivus 'alive' and  sectio 'cutting') is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure. The word is, more broadly, used as a pejorative catch-all term for experimentation on live animals by organizations opposed to animal experimentation, but the term is rarely used by practicing scientists. Human vivisection, such as live organ harvesting, has been perpetrated as a form of torture.
Calibre 50
Calibre 50 (Spanish pronunciation: [kaˈliβɾe siŋˈkwenta]) is a regional Mexican band. Formed in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, in 2010. The band has had several lineup changes, with the current roster consisting of lead vocalist Beto Gastélum, accordionist and backing vocalist Juan Saucedo, sousaphonist Alejandro Gaxiola, and drummer Erick García.

The band is one of the most streamed regional Mexican acts in recent history. Their musical style employs a fusion of norteño and banda music, known as norteño-banda, with low notes played by a sousaphone instead of a bass guitar as is traditional in norteño music.

Diatonic button accordion
A melodeon or diatonic button accordion is a member of the free-reed aerophone family of musical instruments.  It is a type of button accordion on which the melody-side keyboard contains one or more rows of buttons, with each row producing the notes of a single diatonic scale. The buttons on the bass-side keyboard are most commonly arranged in pairs, with one button of a pair sounding the fundamental of a chord and the other the corresponding major triad (or, sometimes, minor triad).

Diatonic button accordions are popular in many countries, and used mainly for playing popular music and traditional folk music, and modern offshoots of these genres.
E3 Saxo Bank Classic
E3 Saxo Bank Classic, previously known as E3 BinckBank Classic, E3 Harelbeke, Harelbeke–Antwerp–Harelbeke and E3-Prijs Vlaanderen, is an annual road cycling race in Flanders, Belgium. The race starts and finishes in Harelbeke mainly in the Flemish Ardennes.

First raced in 1958, it is one of the more recently founded one-day classics, but has developed into a prestigious and desirable event. It is on the UCI World Tour calendar, as part of a series of cobbled classics in Belgium and Northern France in March and April.

Belgian Tom Boonen holds the record for number of victories with five wins, trailed by cycling icon Rik Van Looy who won four times.

UCI World Tour
The UCI WorldTour is the premier men's elite road cycling tour, sitting above the UCI ProSeries and various regional UCI Continental Circuits. It refers to both the tour of 38 events and, until 2019, an annual ranking system  based upon performances in these. The World Ranking was launched in 2009, (known from 2009–2010 as the UCI World Ranking) and merged fully with its predecessor the UCI ProTour in 2011. UCI WorldTeams must compete at all events that were part of the tour prior to the 2017 expansion.
Smurfette Jane Doe
Smurfette Jane Doe is the nickname given to an unidentified teenaged girl who was found dead by a driver in Houston, Texas on October 16, 2012. The decedent derived this nickname from the distinctive shirt she was discovered in, which bore an image of the cartoon character Smurfette. The decedent was found concealed in a black plastic garbage bag on the side of a busy road, beside a gravel road leading to an oil field. Due to advanced decomposition, a cause of death could not be determined, but the effort to conceal the decedent strongly indicates homicide. Examination of the decedent's bones revealed that she had a facial asymmetry, and that she had likely been either malnourished or ill during her childhood. The decedent was interred in an anonymous grave in a Harris County cemetery.

Gravel road
A gravel road is a type of unpaved road surfaced with gravel that has been brought to the site from a quarry or stream bed. Gravel roads are common in less-developed nations, and also in the rural areas of developed nations such as Canada and the United States. In New Zealand, and other Commonwealth countries, they may be known as metal roads. They may be referred to as "dirt roads" in common speech, but that term is used more for unimproved roads with no surface material added. If well constructed and maintained, a gravel road is an all-weather road.
Adele Goldstine
Adele Goldstine (née Katz; December 21, 1920 – November 1964) was an American mathematician and computer programmer. She wrote the manual for the first electronic digital computer, ENIAC. Through her programming work, she was instrumental in converting the ENIAC from a computer that required reprogramming each time it was used to one capable of performing a set of fifty stored instructions.

Ruth Teitelbaum
Ruth Teitelbaum (née Lichterman; February 1, 1924 – August 9, 1986) was an American computer programmer and mathematician who was one of the first computer programmers in the world. Teitelbaum was one of the original programmers for the ENIAC computer.

The other five ENIAC programmers were Jean Bartik, Betty Holberton, Kathleen Antonelli, Marlyn Meltzer, and Frances Spence.
Penang secessionist movement
The Penang secessionist movement was a separatist movement whose objective was to achieve the independence of Penang from the Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia). Between 1948 and 1957, the movement was driven by commercial elites, predominantly from non-Malay ethnic backgrounds. It stemmed from concerns that Penang's non-Malay majority would be marginalised under the Ketuanan Melayu agenda and that Penang's economic prospects would be undermined by the new Malayan government. Ultimately, the movement was defeated in Penang's legislature and attempts to garner support from the British government were unsuccessful.

Federation of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963. It succeeded the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya. It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of the Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca. It was established on 1 February 1948.

Initially a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom, Malaya became fully sovereign on 31 August 1957, and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Singapore, North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya along with Sarawak and Sabah – now collectively known as East Malaysia – to form modern-day Malaysia, while the former Federation of Malaya is now referred to as Peninsular Malaysia or West Malaysia.
Amber Clark-Robinson
Amber Clark-Robinson (née Clark; born April 3, 1993) is an American international flag football player. She has represented the United States national team since 2023, winning the 2024 IFAF Women's Flag Football World Championship. She has also been the head women's flag football coach at the University of Saint Mary since 2023. She previously played tackle football in the Legends Football League (LFL) and was a long jumper and triple jumper for the North Carolina Tar Heels.

North Carolina Tar Heels track and field
The North Carolina Tar Heels track and field team is the track and field program that represents University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The Tar Heels compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The team is based in Chapel Hill, North Carolina at the Carolina Track & Field Complex.

The program is coached by Chris Miltenberg. The track and field program officially encompasses four teams because the NCAA considers men's and women's indoor track and field and outdoor track and field as separate sports.

Laura Gerraughty is the only Tar Heel to have won four individual NCAA titles, which she accomplished in the shot put from 2003 to 2006.
1995 Naga, Camarines Sur, local elections
Local elections were held in Naga City on May 8, 1995, as part of the 1995 Philippine general election. Voters elected a mayor, vice mayor, and ten city councilors. Jesse Robredo of the ruling party Lakas–NUCD–UMDP was re-elected mayor in a landslide, securing his third and final consecutive term.

Lakas–CMD (1991)
Lakas–Christian Muslim Democrats (transl. People Power–Christian Muslim Democrats), shortened as Lakas–CMD, with being abbreviated and popularly known as Lakas, was a political party in the Philippines. Its ideology and that of its successor is heavily influenced by Christian and Islamic democracy. The party's influence on Philippine society is very strong, especially after the People Power Revolution, which has led the country to elect two presidents from the party, namely Fidel V. Ramos, a United Methodist, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a Roman Catholic.

In May 2009, Lakas–CMD merged with Arroyo's Kabalikat ng Mamamayang Pilipino, thereby being known as Lakas Kampi CMD, a completely new entity. In May 2012, Lakas Kampi CMD renamed itself again as Lakas–CMD after the separation of KAMPI.
Clara Muzzio
Clara Muzzio (born 28 May 1981) is an Argentine politician and lawyer who is the Deputy Chief of Government of Buenos Aires since 7 December 2023. She previously served as the Minister of Public Space and Urban Hygiene of Buenos Aires from 2021 to 2023.

Horacio Rodríguez Larreta
Horacio Rodríguez-Larreta (Spanish pronunciation: [oˈɾasjo roˈðɾiɣes laˈreta] ⓘ; born 29 October 1965) is an Argentine economist, politician and the former Chief of Government of the City of Buenos Aires. Larreta was re-elected in 2019 with almost 56% of the votes, becoming the first candidate to win a mayoral election in the first round since the adoption of Buenos Aires's autonomous constitution. He won in every comuna, except Comuna 4 and Comuna 8.

Since 2019, he assumed the leadership of the Argentine opposition, Juntos por el Cambio. In February 2023, he announced his candidacy for the presidency in the 2023 general election. He competed against fellow PRO member Patricia Bullrich for the coalition's nomination but lost in the August 2023 primaries with 11% of the vote against Bullrich's 17%.
Plush Lop
Plush Lop is a breed of domestic rabbit with two varieties: Miniature and Standard. There is also a Canadian Plush Lop breed in development. Similar in appearance, the Velveteen Lop breed is also in development. Miniature Plush Lops were the first to be developed. Devie D'anniballe began creating this breed in 1995 in the United States. She succeeded in developing them by combining the previously existing breeds of Holland Lop, Mini Rex, and Mini Lop. Her aim was to create the perfect pet by retaining the good qualities of these breeds, while "breeding out" all the problems existing in these breeds.

Mini Lop
The Mini Lop is a breed of domestic rabbit that is recognized by the American Rabbit Breeders Association (ARBA). It is different from the Miniature Lop breed that is recognized by the British Rabbit Council (BRC). (In the UK, the Miniature Lop is sometimes called—for short—the "Mini Lop".) The Mini Lop [US] and the Miniature Lop [UK] are different from the Dwarf Lop breed that is recognized by the BRC (but not ARBA). The Mini Lop is similar to several other small rabbit breeds, such as the Dwarf rabbit.
Ivy Gcina
Cikizwa Ivy Gcina (13 July 1937 – 27 May 2021) was a South African politician and anti-apartheid activist who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 2009. During apartheid, she was a prominent figure in community organising in Port Elizabeth, particularly through the United Democratic Front and the Port Elizabeth Women's Organisation, the women's wing of the Port Elizabeth Black Civic Organisation.

Pebco Three
The Pebco Three were three black South African anti-apartheid activists – Sipho Hashe, Champion Galela, and Qaqawuli Godolozi – who were abducted and subsequently murdered in 1985 by members of the South African security police.
Daubenhorn
The Daubenhorn is a mountain in the Bernese Alps, located above the town of Leukerbad, Switzerland. The mountain has the longest via ferrata, or secured climbing route, in Switzerland. The route is built into the mountain's southeastern face and continues to the summit.

This via ferrata is considered to be extremely difficult (ED) and requires very good fitness to make the 6 hour climb to the summit from the base of the Via Ferrata at 2350 m. In addition, it is also possible to reach the summit by trekking a circuitous route starting from Gemmi Pass.

Via ferrata
A via ferrata (Italian for "iron path", plural vie ferrate or in English via ferratas) is a protected climbing route found in the Alps and certain other alpine locations.  The protection includes steel fixtures such as cables and railings to arrest the effect of any fall, which the climber can either hold onto or clip into using climbing protection.  Some via ferratas can also include steel fixtures that provide aid in overcoming the obstacles encountered, including steel ladders and steel steps.
Yakusugi
Yakusugi (屋久杉) refers to "Japanese cedar" (sugi, or Cryptomeria) on the island of Yakushima, typically growing at altitudes 500 meters and higher. The term also extends to the lumber taken from the logging of these coniferous trees.

In the strict sense, the term Yakusugi is reserved for trees aged 1,000 years or more, and younger trees are referred to as kosugi ("small cedars"). Replanted cedars are called jisugi ("local cedars") by the Yakushima islanders, although jisugi also refers to trees less than a century old.

In general, the Japanese cedar lives for about 500 years, but yakusugi trees live much longer. They grow on less nutritious granite soil slowly and have a very tight grain. The wood contains a lot of resin due to Yakushima's high rainfall and high humidity, making it resistant to rotting. As a result, these trees tend to have longer lives, and many larger trees have survived for more than 2,000 years. Famous examples include the Jōmon Sugi, Kigen-sugi and Wilson stump.

Ernest Henry Wilson
Ernest Henry "Chinese" Wilson (15 February 1876 – 15 October 1930), better known as E. H. Wilson, was a British plant collector and explorer who introduced a large range of about 2,000 Asian plant species to the West; some sixty bear his name.
NGC 2371-2
NGC 2371-2 is a dual lobed planetary nebula located  in the constellation Gemini.  Visually, it appears like it could be two separate objects; therefore, two entries were given to the planetary nebula by John Louis Emil Dreyer in the New General Catalogue, so it may be referred to as NGC 2371, NGC 2372, or variations on this name. It has also been called the double bubble nebula.

The central star of the planetary nebula has a spectral type of [WO1], indicating a spectrum similar to that of an oxygen-rich Wolf–Rayet star.

Gemini (constellation)
Gemini is one of the constellations of the zodiac and is located in the northern celestial hemisphere.  It was one of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd century AD astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. Its name is Latin for twins, and it is associated with the twins Castor and Pollux in Greek mythology. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♊︎).
Will Blunderfield
Mark William Kent Blunderfield (born July 18, 1985) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and yoga teacher. He is signed to Nettwerk Records/Sony Music (WMG) with music released through Spirit Voyage Records. Since 2021, Blunderfield has received media attention for his "male rewilding" practice, which uses methods including semen retention to help men "connect with their bodies and each other".

Nettwerk Music Group
Nettwerk Music Group is an independent record label founded in 1984.

The Vancouver-based company was created by principals Terry McBride and Mark Jowett. Initially specializing in electronic music such as alternative dance and industrial, the label expanded its roster to include pop, rock and numerous singer-songwriters. Nettwerk has played an impactful role in many artists' careers, such as Coldplay, Sarah McLachlan, and Barenaked Ladies.

The label was named Billboard's "Indie Power Players" list in 2024 and 2025.
James Price (civil engineer)
James Price (6 February 1917 – 22 September 2005) was a Welsh civil engineer, mathematician, and writer. Price was the chief resident engineer on several large-scale engineering projects, including the M1 and M3 motorways.

M1 motorway
The M1 motorway connects London to Leeds, where it joins the A1(M) near Aberford, to connect to Newcastle. It was the first inter-urban motorway to be completed in the UK; the first motorway in the country was the Preston Bypass, which later became part of the M6.

The motorway is 193 miles (311 km) long and was constructed in four phases. Most of the motorway was opened between 1959 and 1968. The southern end was extended in 1977 and the northern end was extended in 1999.

It is also the second longest motorway in the country with the M6 motorway being the longest at 232 miles (373 km).
Ceres Connection
The Ceres Connection is a cooperative program between MIT's Lincoln Laboratory and the Society for Science and the Public dedicated to promoting science education. It names asteroids discovered under the LINEAR project after teachers and contesting students who performed outstandingly in the following Society for Science and the Public competitions: the Discovery Channel Young Scientist Challenge, the Intel Science Talent Search, the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair.

Since 2001, nearly 200 asteroids are named each year through this program.

Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research
The Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) project is a collaboration of the United States Air Force, NASA, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory for the systematic detection and tracking of near-Earth objects. LINEAR was responsible for the majority of asteroid discoveries from 1998 until it was overtaken by the Catalina Sky Survey in 2005. As of 15 September 2011, LINEAR had detected 231,082 new small Solar System bodies, of which at least 2,423 were near-Earth asteroids and 279 were comets. The instruments used by the LINEAR program are located at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site (ETS) on the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) near Socorro, New Mexico.