hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Research Design and Standards Organisation
The Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO) is the research and development and railway technical specification development organisation under the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India, which functions as a technical adviser and consultant to the Railway Board, the Zonal Railways, the Railway Production Units, RITES, RailTel and Ircon International in respect of design and standardization of railway equipment and problems related to railway construction, operations and maintenance.

RITES Limited
RITES Limited is an Indian public sector undertaking which operates under the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. Incorporated in April 1974, it is designated as a Navratna Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE). The company provides consultancy, engineering, and project delivery services in the field including railways, highways, metros, tunnels, bridges, urban development, buildings, airports, ports, ropeways, inland waterways, multimodal logistics parks and green mobility.
Kim Bo-reum
Kim Bo-reum (Korean: 김보름, born 6 February 1993) is a South Korean speed skater. She is the current South Korean record holder in the women's long track speed skating 3000 and 5000 metres. She is a two-time Olympian and specialises in the women's mass start.

Long-track speed skating
Long-track speed skating, usually simply referred to as speed skating, is the Olympic discipline of speed skating where competitors are timed while crossing a set distance. It is also a sport for leisure. Sports such as ice skating marathon, short-track speedskating, inline speedskating, and quad speed skating are also called speed skating.

Long-track speed skating enjoys large popularity in the Netherlands and has also had champion athletes from Austria, Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Japan, Italy, Norway, Poland, South Korea, Russia, Sweden, the Czech Republic and the United States. Speed skaters attain maximum speeds of 60 km/h (37 mph).
Willy Use a Billy... Boy
"Willy Use a Billy... Boy" is a song recorded by German Eurodance project E-Rotic. It was released in October 1995 as the lead single from their second album, The Power of Sex (1996). The song, written and co-produced by David Brandes and John O'Flynn, is about safe sex, where Billy Boy is a brand of condoms from Germany that is also available in the UK. The single reached number eleven in Germany and it was also a hit in Austria and Finland, where it reached number five. Additionally, it was a top-20 hit in Switzerland.

Bernd Meinunger
Bernd Meinunger (30 September 1944 – 17 October 2025) was a German lyricist and record producer (with Hanne Haller) who frequently worked with Ralph Siegel and David Brandes. Several of his songs have represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest.
Stonnall
Stonnall is a village in Staffordshire, England, close to Shenstone, Brownhills, Walsall Wood and Aldridge. It is divided into Upper Stonnall, Stonnall and Lower Stonnall — Upper Stonnall partly lies in the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall; the remainder of the village is in the district of Lichfield.

The village is closely associated with the hamlets of Hilton, Lynn and Thornes. It has a population of 1,546 residents.

Walsall Wood
Walsall Wood is a suburban village in the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall, in the West Midlands county, England. It is midway between the towns of Aldridge and Brownhills, as well as Walsall and Lichfield.
National nature reserves in Hampshire
National nature reserves in Hampshire in England are established by Natural England and managed by them or by non-governmental organisations such as the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or the National Trust.

List of reserves

Ashford Hangers NNR

Ashford Hill NNR

Beacon Hill NNR

Butser Hill NNR

Castle Bottom NNR

Kingston Great Common NNR

Martin Down NNR

Keyhaven, Pennington, Oxey and Normandy Marshes or North Solent NNR

Old Winchester Hill NNR

Titchfield Haven NNR

Other national nature reserves in England

National nature reserves in England

Natural England

Natural England
Natural England is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. It is responsible for ensuring that England's natural environment, including its land, flora and fauna, freshwater and marine environments, geology and soils, are protected and enhanced. It also has a responsibility to help people enjoy, understand and access the natural environment.

Natural England focuses its activities and resources on four strategic outcomes:

a healthy natural environment

enjoyment of the natural environment

sustainable use of the natural environment

a secure environmental future
Tumbi
The tumbi or toombi (Punjabi: ਤੂੰਬੀ, pronunciation: tūmbī), also called a tumba or toomba, is a traditional musical instrument from the Punjab region of the northern Indian subcontinent. The high-pitched, single-string plucking instrument is associated with folk music of Punjab and presently very popular in Western Bhangra music.

The tumbi was popularized in the modern era by the Punjabi folksinger Lal Chand Yamla Jatt (1914-1991). In the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s many Punjabi singers adopted the tumbi, notably Kuldeep Manak, Mohammed Sadiq, Didar Sandhu and Amar Singh Chamkila. Other users include Punjabi Sufi singers such as Saeen Zahoor.

The instrument is made of a wooden stick mounted with a gourd shell resonator. A single metallic string passes across the resonator over a bridge and is tied to a tuning key at the end of the stick. Players strike the string with a continuous flick and retraction of the first finger to produce sound.

Kuldeep Manak
Kuldeep Manak (born Latif Mohammed Khan; 15 November 1951 – 30 November 2011), was an Indian singer best known for singing a rare genre of Punjabi music, kali, also known by its plural form kalian or kaliyan. Manak is generally regarded as one of the greatest Punjabi artists of all time. His high pitched strong voice was unique, and instantly recognisable.  A statue of Manak has been erected in Ludhiana near his residence as a tribute.
Henry Kressel
Henry Kressel (born c. 1934) is an American engineer, scientist, and financial executive.

In 1980, Kressel was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for pioneering research in opto-electronic devices with specific emphasis on semiconductor lasers.

He is a partner and the senior managing director of the private equity firm Warburg Pincus.

He has been a board member of SRI International since 2001.

Warburg Pincus
Warburg Pincus LLC is an American multinational private equity firm based in New York City, with offices in the United States, Europe, Brazil, China, Southeast Asia and India. One of the oldest in the world, it has been a private equity investor since 1966.

As of June 2025, the company had over $87 billion in assets under management and invests in a range of sectors including retail, industrial manufacturing, energy, financial services, health care, technology, media, and real estate. A growth investor, Warburg has raised 21 private equity funds which have invested over $100 billion in over 1,000 companies in 40 countries.

In June 2024, Warburg Pincus was ranked ninth in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking of the largest private equity firms in the world.
Amphiaspis
Amphiaspis argo is the type species of the cyathaspidid taxon Amphiaspidida, and of the family Amphiaspididae. Its fossils are restricted to early Emsian-aged marine strata of the Taimyr Peninsula, Early Devonian Siberia.  A. argo, as with all other amphiaspidids, is thought to have been a benthic filter feeder that lived on top of, or buried just below the surface of the substrate of hypersaline lagoon-bottoms.

Amphiaspididae
Amphiaspididae is a family of extinct amphiaspidid heterostracan agnathans whose fossils are restricted to Lower Devonian marine strata of Siberia near the Taimyr Peninsula.  In life, the amphiaspidids of Amphiaspididae are thought to be benthic animals that lived most of their lives mostly buried in the sediment of a series of hypersaline lagoons. Amphiaspids are easily distinguished from other heterostracans in that all of the plates of the cephalothorax armor are fused into a single, muff-like unit, so that the forebody of the living animal would have looked like a potpie with a pair of small, or degenerated eyes, with each flanked by a preorbital opening, and a simple, slit-like mouth.
2006–07 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball season
The 2007 ACC Men's Basketball Season began on November 7, 2006, in College Park, Maryland, USA.  It started when Maryland played Hampton in a non-conference game. The conference schedule began on December 3, 2006, in Charlottesville, Virginia where Virginia defeated NC State 67–62. Following the season the 2007 ACC men's basketball tournament took place in Tampa, Florida with North Carolina claiming the crown.

2006–07 Maryland Terrapins men's basketball team
The 2006–07 Maryland Terrapins men's basketball team represented the University of Maryland in the 2006–07 college basketball season as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The team was led by 18th-year head coach Gary Williams. Maryland finished with a 25–9 record, and advanced to the second round of the NCAA tournament, where they were defeated by Butler.
The Vampire's Trail
The Vampire's Trail is a 1914 American silent drama film directed by T. Hayes Hunter and Robert G. Vignola and written by Benjamin Barondess, T. Hayes Hunter, Michael Potter and Robert G. Vignola.

The film stars Alice Joyce, Tom Moore, Alice Hollister, Harry F. Millarde and Robert Walker.

Alice Joyce
Alice Joyce Brown (née Joyce; October 1, 1890 – October 9, 1955) was an American actress who appeared in more than 200 films during the 1910s and 1920s. She is known for her roles in the 1923 film The Green Goddess and its 1930 remake of the same name.
Cameraria magnisignata
Cameraria magnisignata is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Delhi, India.

The wingspan is 5.5–6.4 mm.

The larvae feed on Pongamia species, including Pongamia pinnata. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Pongamia
Pongamia pinnata is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native to eastern and tropical Asia, Australia, and the Pacific islands. It is the sole species in genus Pongamia. It is often known by the synonym Millettia pinnata. Its common names include Indian beech, Karanja, and Pongame oiltree.
Mamiyar Thevai
Mamiyar Thevai  is a 2013 Indian Tamil-language soap opera that aired on Zee Tamil. The show premiered on 15 April 2013 and aired Monday through Friday 8:00PM IST. The show stars Yuvarani, Subhalekha Sudhakar, Srithika, Mahalakshmi, Vandhana and Sonia. It was directed by Sulaimaan.K.Babu. The show last aired on 21 February 2014 with 244 episodes.

Yuvarani
Yuvarani (born 30 November 1974) is an Indian actress. She has appeared in several Tamil films in the female lead role while she has also featured in television serials.

She played Rajinikanth's sister in Baashha, Prabhavathy in the Tamil Serial Chithi,  and Sundari in Thendral.
Restoration Advisory Board
A Restoration Advisory Board or RAB is a group, which meets on a regular basis to discuss environmental restoration at a US military installation currently or formerly used and owned by the US Department of Defense (DoD). These developed in the 1990s when DOD locally and nationally engaged people from communities impacted by military contamination. As of 2015, there were 229 RABs on 250 installations.

Military base
A military base is a facility directly owned and operated by or for the military or one of its branches that shelters military equipment and personnel, and facilitates training and operations. A military base always provides accommodations for one or more units, but it may also be used as a command center, training ground or proving ground. In most cases, military bases rely on outside help to operate. However, certain complex bases are able to endure on their own for long periods because they are able to provide food, drinking water, and other necessities for their inhabitants while under siege. Bases for military aviation are called air bases. Bases for military ships are called naval bases.
Lapachu language
Lapachu, also known as Apolista or Aguachile,: 315  is an extinct Arawakan language of Bolivia. Aikhenvald (1999) classifies it together with Terena, Moxos, and related languages. It is not clear from surviving descriptions whether it was one language or two.

Moxo languages
Moxo (also known as Mojo, pronounced 'Moho') is any of the Arawakan languages spoken by the Moxo people of the Llanos de Moxos in northeastern Bolivia. The two extant languages of the Moxo people, Trinitario and Ignaciano, are as distinct from one another as they are from neighboring Arawakan languages. The extinct Magiana was also distinct.

Moxo languages have an active–stative syntax. It is one of the National Languages of Bolivia.
Postage stamp separation
For postage stamps, separation is the means by which individual stamps are made easily detachable from each other.

Methods of separation include:

perforation: cutting rows and columns of small holes

rouletting: small horizontal and vertical cuts

diecutting: cut paper to shape using a metal die—used for self-adhesive stamps.

Errors, freaks, and oddities
In philately, errors, freaks, and oddities (EFO) collectively refer to the wide variety of mistakes that may occur during the production of postage stamps.

Postal authorities generally take some care to ensure that mistakes do not get out of the printing plant; to be valid, the EFO stamps must have been sold to a customer. Mistakes smuggled out by employees are called printer's waste, not recognized as legitimate stamps, and may be confiscated from collectors; the Nixon invert is a well-known recent example of an apparent new error that turned out to be simple theft by insiders. The authorities may attempt to lay hands on legitimately sold errors, as happened with the original Inverted Jenny sheet, but usually, collectors are smart enough to hang onto the windfall.
Generations Lost
Generations Lost is a 1994 platform game developed by Pacific Softscape and published by Time Warner Interactive for the Sega Genesis. Designer Bruce Straley described the game as a clone of the 1993 game X-Men (which he and other Pacific Softscape employees had worked on), after Pacific Softscape was unable to secure the rights to the X-Men franchise to develop a sequel.

X-Men (1993 video game)
X-Men is a home console video game produced by Sega for Sega Genesis in 1993, based on the adventures of the Marvel Comics superhero team, the X-Men. One or two players can play as any of four pre-chosen X-Men. X-Men was released in 1993 and was followed up by X-Men 2: Clone Wars.
1859 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1859 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on October 11, 1859, in order to elect the lieutenant governor of Minnesota. Republican nominee Ignatius L. Donnelly defeated Democratic nominee Sylvanus Lowry.

Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota
The lieutenant governor of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Fifty individuals have held the office of lieutenant governor since statehood. The incumbent is Peggy Flanagan, a DFLer and the first Native American elected to a statewide executive office in Minnesota's history.
Blühen
Blühen (Blossoming) is an opera after the short story Die Betrogene by Thomas Mann, with music by Vito Žuraj. The libretto was written by Händl Klaus. Commissioned by the Oper Frankfurt, the opera was first performed there on 22 January 2023, directed by Brigitte Fassbaender and conducted by Michael Wendeberg.

Brigitte Fassbaender
Brigitte Fassbaender (German: [bʁiˈɡɪtə ˈfasbɛndɐ]; born 3 July 1939), is a German mezzo-soprano opera singer and a stage director. From 1999 to 2012 she was intendant (managing director) of the Tyrolean State Theatre in Innsbruck, Austria. She holds the title Kammersängerin from the Bavarian State Opera in Munich and the Vienna Staatsoper.
Zdeněk Hrubý
Zdeněk Hrubý (8 August 1956 – 8 August 2013) was a Czech mountaineer, economist and public administrator. Hrubý climbed eight eight-thousanders and was one of the most successful Czech mountaineers of his era.

Radek Jaroš
Radek Jaroš (born 29 April 1964) is a Czech mountaineer and author.

Jaroš was born in Nové Město na Moravě, Czechoslovakia, now Czech Republic. In 1998 he climbed his first eight-thousander Mount Everest in the second attempt via its north face. In 2001, 2003 and 2005 he unsuccessfully tried to climb K2. In 2002, along with Martin Minařík he climbed Kanchenjunga as the first Czech. In 2006 announced he planned to conquer all the eight-thousand peaks of the world. As of 2024, he is the only Czech climber to conquer all 14 eight-thousanders and thus complete the "Crown of the Himalaya".
Moreover, he was able to climb all of these mountains without using supplemental oxygen, which made him the world's 15th person to achieve this feat.
Rayton
Rayton is a town in North-Eastern Gauteng which started out as a tin shack mining town on the farm Elandshoek. During its boom days the town served the needs of thousands of diggers and prospectors working for the Schiller, Montrose and Dunmore mining companies. A mini diamond rush sparked by Sir Thomas Cullinan's discovery of a kimberlite diamond pipe (which has since been named Cullinan Diamond Mine) nearby is what caused the town to boom.

Premier Mine
The Premier Mine is an underground diamond mine owned by Petra Diamonds in the town of Cullinan, 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa. Established in 1902, it was renamed the Cullinan Diamond Mine in November 2003 in celebration of its centenary. The mine is a carrot-shaped volcanic pipe and has a surface area of 32 hectares (79 acres). The mine rose to prominence in 1905, when the Cullinan Diamond – the largest rough diamond of gem quality ever found – was discovered there.

The mine has produced over 750 stones that are greater than 100 carats (20 g) and more than a quarter of all the world's diamonds that are greater than 400 carats (80 g). It is also the only significant source of blue diamonds in the world.
Tyler Crook
Tyler Crook is an American comics cartoonist. He broke into comics in 2011 with Petrograd, written by Philip Gelatt and published by Oni Press, and in 2012 he won the Russ Manning Most Promising Newcomer Award. He is best known for his work on Mike Mignola and John Arcudi's B.P.R.D.: Hell on Earth, Harrow County, which he co-created with Cullen Bunn, and his solo comic book series The Lonesome Hunters.

Philip Gelatt
Philip Gelatt is an American screenwriter, film director, producer and video game writer. He is best known for his work on the animated film, The Spine of Night and the Netflix animated series, Love, Death & Robots.
High School Affiliated to Minzu University of China
The High School Affiliated to Minzu University Of China (Chinese: 中央民族大学附属中学), colloquially Mindafuzhong abbreviated to MDFZ (Chinese: 民大附中), is the affiliated high school of Minzu University of China, and is one of the prestigious high schools in Beijing.

The school is a public, fully accredited secondary school directly affiliated with the National Ethnic Affairs Commission and managed by the Minzu University of China. It operates independently as a legal entity. The school has two campuses: the Haidian Campus located at No. 5 Jia, Fahuasi, Haidian District, Beijing, and the Chaoyang Campus at No. 1 Jia, Tianshuiyuan, Jintai Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

National Ethnic Affairs Commission
The National Ethnic Affairs Commission (NEAC), also called the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (SEAC), is a body under the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party that is responsible for administering the Chinese ethnic policies, researching ethnological theories, carrying out ethnic work and education, supervising the implementation and improvement of the system of regional ethnic autonomy.
981 Martina
981 Martina (prov. designation: A917 SW or 1917 Σ92) is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 31 kilometers (19 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 23 September 1917, by Russian astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The C/B-type asteroid has a rotation period of 11.3 hours. It was named after French historian and revolutionary Henri Martin (1810–1883).

B-type asteroid
B-type asteroids are a relatively uncommon type of carbonaceous asteroid, falling into the wider C-group; the 'B' indicates these objects are spectrally blue. In the asteroid population, B-class objects can be found in the outer asteroid belt, and also dominate the high-inclination Pallas family which includes the third-largest asteroid 2 Pallas. They are thought to be primitive, volatile-rich remnants from the early Solar System. There are 65 known B-type asteroids in the SMASS classification, and 9 in the Tholen classification as of March 2015.
Barbora Mokošová
Barbora Mokošová (born 10 March 1997) is a Slovak artistic gymnast. She is the 2020 European bronze medalist on the uneven bars and the first gymnast representing Slovakia to receive a medal at the European Championships. She represented Slovakia at the 2016 and 2020 Olympic Games. She is also a two-time World Challenge Cup champion on the uneven bars.

European Women's Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The European Women's Gymnastics Championships are an artistic  championships for female gymnasts from European countries organised by the European Union of Gymnastics. They are held annually, though rotate between two different formats.
Francesco Moriero
Francesco "Checco" Moriero (Italian pronunciation: [franˈtʃesko ˈkekko moˈrjɛːro]; born 31 March 1969) is an Italian football former player and current manager, who played as a midfielder, usually as a winger on the right flank. He is the current head coach of the Flamurtari.

Throughout his career, he played for several Italian clubs: Lecce, Cagliari, Roma, Inter Milan, and Napoli, winning an UEFA Cup title with Inter in 1998. A former Italy international, he took part at the 1998 FIFA World Cup.

Cagliari Calcio
Cagliari Calcio, commonly referred to as Cagliari (Italian: [ˈkaʎʎari] ⓘ), is a professional Italian football club based in Cagliari, Sardinia, that plays in Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. The club currently plays home matches at the 16,416-seat Unipol Domus.

Founded in 1920, they won their first and only Scudetto in 1969–70, when they were led by the Italian national team's all-time leading scorer, Gigi Riva. The triumph was also the first by a club from south of Rome. The club's best European performance was in the 1993–94 UEFA Cup, reaching the semi-finals before losing to eventual winners Internazionale.

As with the flag of its city, Cagliari's main colours are blue and red. The club badge incorporates the flag of Sardinia.
1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal
The 1916 Centenary Commemorative Medal (Irish: Bonn Comórtha Céad Bliain) is a military decoration awarded by the Government of Ireland to personnel of the Irish Defence Forces who served in 2016 to honour the legacy of continued service by the military to the state since its foundation and in recognition for the role they played to commemorate 100 years since the 1916 Easter Rising.

Awards and decorations of the Irish Defence Forces
Though Ireland has no formal honours system, there are systems of awards run by the state. Among those systems is the system of awards and medals awarded to members of the Defence Forces.

In addition to the medals issued by the Irish government, members of the Defence Forces are also allowed to wear medals denoting overseas service.  These medals are issued by International organisations like the United Nations, NATO, and the European Union as well as medals from other countries for United Nations Mandated peacekeeping missions.