hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
95th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
95th Siege Battery was a heavy howitzer unit of Britain's Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) raised during  World War I. It manned heavy howitzers on the Western Front from 1916 to 1918, beginning with the Attack on the Gommecourt Salient on the First day on the Somme. It then served at Vimy Ridge and Ypres, against the German Spring Offensive and in the final Allied Hundred Days Offensive.

Hundred Days Offensive
The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was a series of massive Allied offensives that ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed the Imperial German Army back, undoing its gains from the German spring offensive (21 March – 18 July).

The Germans retreated to the Hindenburg Line, but the Allies broke through the line with a series of victories, starting with the Battle of St Quentin Canal on 29 September. The offensive led directly to the Armistice of 11 November 1918 which ended the war with an Allied victory. The term "Hundred Days Offensive" does not refer to a planned Allied campaign, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories.
Parham, West Sussex
Parham is a civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. There was a village of Parham, around the parish church, but its few houses were destroyed in the early 19th century to create the landscaped park and gardens. The parish now consists of Parham Park and the farms and smaller settlements around it. The village is between Wiggonholt and Cootham, about 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Pulborough on the A283 road.

The parish covers 1,586 hectares (3,920 acres). The 2001 Census recorded 214 people living in 95 households, of whom 124 were economically active. At the 2011 Census the population was 224.

The civil parish includes the hamlets of Rackham, southwest of Parham Park, and Wiggonholt on the A283 to the north, which has a small parish church.

Cootham
Cootham (/ˈkoʊtəm/ KOHT-əm, /ˈkuːt-/ KOOT-) is a hamlet in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies on the A283 road 0.9 miles (1.4 km) west of Storrington.

Items of local interest include the Southdown Gliding Club which operates flights from Parham Airfield at the western extremity of Cootham; Cootham Village Hall which hosts various local community activities and Parham House itself, one of the south east's finest country houses.
Seizō Katō
Seizō Katō (加藤 精三, Katō Seizō; February 14, 1927 – January 17, 2014) was a Japanese actor, voice actor and narrator who worked for Haikyo (Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society).

Kato was born in Tokyo. He was noted for his role as Megatron and Galvatron from the 1st Transformers series until Transformers: The Headmasters. He also did the ADR for Takeshi Katō's character in Akira Kurosawa's Ran after the original actor had become injured.

He died of bladder cancer at a hospital in Itabashi, Tokyo on January 17, 2014 at age 86.

Transformers: The Headmasters
Transformers: The Headmasters (トランスフォーマー ザ★ヘッドマスターズ) is a Japanese anime television series that is a part of the Transformers robot superhero franchise. It aired from July 3, 1987, to March 25, 1988, and its 17:00–17:30 timeslot was used to broadcast Mashin Hero Wataru at the end of its broadcast. It serves as the first sequel series to the Japanese dub of the original 1984 The Transformers cartoon series in the Generation 1 franchise, followed by Transformers: Super-God Masterforce.
Noble Consort Yijing
Lady Namjung (Chinese: 娜木鐘, Manchu: ᠨᠠᠮ ᠵᡠᠩ; died 1674) of the Abaga Borjigit clan, formally known as Noble Consort Yijing (懿靖貴妃), was the consort of Ligdan Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, after his death became an imperial concubine of Emperor Hong Taiji  of the Qing dynasty.

Borjigin
The Borjigin or Borjigids are a Mongol tribal clan founded in the early 10th century or, around 900 AD. by Bodonchar Munkhag. The senior line of Borjigids provided ruling princes for Mongolia and Inner Mongolia until the 20th century. The clan formed the ruling class among the Mongols and other peoples of Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Today, the Borjigids are found in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Buryatia, and Xinjiang, and genetic research shows that descent from Genghis Khan and Timur is common throughout Central and East Asia.
The Bugle
The Bugle is a satirical news podcast, created by John Oliver and Andy Zaltzman in 2007. Since 2016, it has been hosted by Zaltzman and a rotating cast of co-hosts including Alice Fraser, Nish Kumar, Anuvab Pal, Hari Kondabolu, Tom Ballard, Tiff Stevenson and Helen Zaltzman. It focuses on global news stories, especially about politics in the United Kingdom, United States, and India.

Oliver and Zaltzman co-hosted the podcast from 2007 to 2015, and Zaltzman has hosted it with a rotating set of co-hosts since a relaunch in September 2016. The podcast was initially produced independently and distributed by TimesOnline before becoming independent in 2011. It was part of Radiotopia from 2016 to 2018, when it switched to independent production funded by a voluntary subscription model. As of April 2015, the podcast had received over 500,000 downloads a month.

Tom Ballard (comedian)
Thomas Colin Ballard (born 26 November 1989) is an Australian comedian, broadcaster, actor, and writer. Starting out in radio, he became known as a Triple J host, along with his friend Alex Dyson, over seven years with the station. He is known for his stand-up comedy, as a host of podcasts, and as television presenter, such as the 2017 ABC Television comedy show Tonightly with Tom Ballard. He is author of the 2022 book I, Millennial: One Snowflake's Screed Against Boomers, Billionaires and Everything Else.
Disilyne
Disilyne is a low valent silicon compound with the chemical formula Si2R2 where oxidation state of Si is +1. Several isomers are possible, but none are sufficiently stable to be of practical value.  Substituted disilynes contain a formal silicon–silicon triple bond and as such are sometimes written R2Si2 (where R is a substituent group). They are the silicon analogues of alkynes.

The term silyne has two diverse meanings. Some chemists use it to refer to compounds containing a silicon–silicon triple bond, by analogy to the carbon–carbon triple bond in alkynes, whereas others use the term to refer to compounds containing a silicon–carbon triple bond by analogy to silene, which often refers to compounds containing silicon–carbon double bonds. The term polysilyne can refer to the layer polymer (SiH)n or substituted derivatives.

Alkyne
In organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon—carbon triple bond. The simplest acyclic alkynes with only one triple bond and no other functional groups form a homologous series with the general chemical formula  CnH2n−2. Alkynes are traditionally known as acetylenes, although the name acetylene also refers specifically to C2H2, known formally as ethyne using IUPAC nomenclature. Like other hydrocarbons, alkynes are generally hydrophobic.
34th Quebec Legislature
The 34th National Assembly of Quebec was the provincial legislature in Quebec, Canada that was elected in the 1989 Quebec general election and sat from November 28, 1989, to March 18, 1992; from March 19, 1992, to March 10, 1994; and from March 17, 1994, to June 14, 1994. The Quebec Liberal Party government was led by Robert Bourassa throughout most of the mandate except in the final months of the government prior to the 1994 elections, when Daniel Johnson Jr. succeeded Bourassa as Premier of Quebec.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XIII) was a series of rulers from approximately 1803 BC until approximately 1649 BC, i.e. for 154 years. It is often classified as the final dynasty of the Middle Kingdom (which includes Dynasties XI, XII and XIV), but some historians instead group it in the Second Intermediate Period (with Dynasties XIV through XVII).

Dynasty XIII initially ruled from the Nile Delta to the second cataract of the Nile. However, the dynasty marked a period of decline and instability, with the Canaanite Dynasty XIV rising concurrently and the Hyksos Dynasty XV taking control shortly after.

Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep is usually considered Dynasty XIII's first pharaoh, and Merneferre Ay, while not the final pharaoh, was the last to occupy the Middle Kingdom capital of Itjtawy, and the last of the dynasty with a significant recorded reign.

Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVII, alternatively 17th Dynasty or Dynasty 17) was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled in Upper Egypt during the late Second Intermediate Period, approximately from 1580 to 1550 BC. Its mainly Theban rulers are contemporary with the Hyksos of the Fifteenth Dynasty and succeed the Sixteenth Dynasty, which was also based in Thebes. The chronology of the 17th dynasty is very uncertain and the king lists provide little help.

The last two kings of the dynasty opposed the Hyksos rule over Egypt and initiated a war that would rid Egypt of the Hyksos kings and began a period of unified rule, the New Kingdom of Egypt. Kamose, the second son of Seqenenre Tao and last king of the Seventeenth Dynasty, was the brother of Ahmose I, the first king of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
Ibibio Kingdom
Ibibio Kingdom (also known as Obio Ibibio) was a precolonial polity of the Ibibio people in what is now southeastern Nigeria. It is considered one of the earliest centralized societies in the region, predating several neighboring kingdoms and states.

Aro Confederacy
The Aro Confederacy (1640–1902) was a political union orchestrated by the Aro people, an Igbo subgroup, centered in Arochukwu in present-day southeastern Nigeria. The Aro Confederacy was founded after the end of the Aro-Ibibio Wars. Their influence and presence was all over Eastern Nigeria, lower Middle Belt, parts of present-day of Cameroon and Equatorial guinea  during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Arochukwu communities were an economic, political, and an oracular center as they were home to the Ibini Ukpabi oracle, High Priests, the Aro King Eze Aro, and central council (Okpankpo). The Aro Confederacy was a powerful and influential political and economic alliance of various Igbo-speaking communities in southeastern Nigeria. It emerged during the 17th century and played a significant role in the region until the late 19th century.
Gypsy (Uriah Heep song)
"Gypsy" is the debut single by British progressive rock/hard rock band Uriah Heep. It is the opening track on their first album, …Very 'Eavy …Very 'Umble, released in 1970. "Gypsy" was written by Mick Box and David Byron. The album version of "Gypsy" lasts more than six and half minutes, while the single version lasts less than three minutes. The song is structured with an intro, outro and three verses with no chorus. It is a staple of the band's live performances.

David Byron
David Garrick (29 January 1947 – 28 February 1985), better known by his stage name David Byron, was a British singer who was best known in the early 1970s as the original lead vocalist of the rock band Uriah Heep. Byron possessed a powerful operatic voice and exuded a flamboyant stage presence.
Butterflies (Kacey Musgraves song)
"Butterflies" is a song by American country singer–songwriter Kacey Musgraves from her fourth studio album, Golden Hour (2018). It was released on February 23, 2018 alongside "Space Cowboy" as the second single from the album through MCA Nashville Records. Musgraves wrote the song with Luke Laird and Natalie Hemby, and produced it alongside Daniel Tashian and Ian Fitchuk. According to Musgraves, "Butterflies" was co-written with Shane McAnally; however, he was not credited as one of its songwriters in the album's liner notes.

Natalie Hemby
Natalie Nicole Hemby Wrucke (born March 24, 1977) is an American country music songwriter and singer. She is a two-time Grammy Awards winner. She has written songs for several country music artists, including  Miranda Lambert, Little Big Town, Jon Pardi, Kacey Musgraves, Blake Shelton, Toby Keith, and pop music, working with Kelly Clarkson, Little Mix and Labrinth.

In 2018 Hemby worked with Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper on A Star Is Born soundtrack, co-writing "Always Remember Us This Way" and "I'll Never Love Again", winning the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media for the latter.

As a solo artist, she published two studio albums through her own label, GetWrucke Productions. In 2019, she joined the quartet The Highwomen alongside Brandi Carlile, Amanda Shires and Maren Morris.
Toque
A toque (/toʊk/ or /tɒk/) is a type of hat with a narrow brim or no brim at all.

Toques were popular from the 13th to the 16th century in Europe, especially France. They were revived in the 1930s; nowadays, they are primarily known as the traditional headgear for professional cooks, except in Canada, where the term toque is used interchangeably with the French Canadian spelling of tuque to refer to knit caps.

Square academic cap
The square academic cap, graduate cap, cap, mortarboard (because of its similarity in appearance to the mortarboard used by brickmasons to hold mortar), or Oxford cap is an item of academic dress consisting of a horizontal square board fixed upon a skull-cap, with a tassel attached to the centre. In the UK and the US, it is commonly referred to informally in conjunction with an academic gown as a "cap and gown". It is also sometimes termed a square,: 17  trencher,: 17 : 915  or corner-cap. The adjective academical is also used.

In previous centuries, academic dress was the everyday clothing of all students and faculty. The cap, together with the gown and sometimes a hood, now form the customary uniform of a university graduate in many parts of the world, following a British model.  In other countries, especially the United States, mortarboards are only worn during the commencement ceremony itself.
Li Huayi
Li Huayi (Chinese: 李華弌; born 1948) is a contemporary ink artist whose admiration for the monumental landscapes of the Northern Song dynasty with his training in both traditional Chinese ink and Western art, inspired him to create his own style of ink painting.

Li has established a distinct connection between contemporary and traditional, and nature and humanity, by integrating his contemporary perspective with the eternal values of traditional literati painting.

Li Huayi's works are collected by museums worldwide including the British Museum, the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Harvard Art Museums, the Brooklyn Museum, the Honolulu Museum of Art, the Suzhou Museum, M+ Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Museum of Art.

Asian Art Museum (San Francisco)
The Asian Art Museum of San Francisco – Chong-Moon Lee Center for Asian Art and Culture is a museum in San Francisco, California that specializes in Asian art. The museum building and its permanent collection are owned by the City of San Francisco.
Erik Axel Karlfeldt
Erik Axel Karlfeldt (20 July 1864 – 8 April 1931) was a Swedish poet whose highly symbolist poetry masquerading as regionalism was popular and won him the 1931 Nobel Prize in Literature posthumously after he had been nominated by Nathan Söderblom, member of the Swedish Academy. Karlfeldt had been offered the award already in 1919 but refused to accept it, because of his position as permanent secretary to the Swedish Academy (1913–1931), which awards the prize.

Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (Swedish: Svenska Akademien), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel.
Gymnastics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's horizontal bar
The men's horizontal bar competition was one of eight events for male competitors in artistic gymnastics at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. The qualification and final rounds took place on September 16 and 25 at the Sydney Super Dome. There were 79 competitors from 28 nations; nations competing in the team event could have up to 5 gymnasts in the vault, while other nations could have up to 2 gymnasts. The event was won by Alexei Nemov of Russia, the nation's first post-Soviet victory in the horizontal bar. Nemov, a bronze medalist in 1996, was the 10th man to win multiple medals in the horizontal bar. Benjamin Varonian earned France's first medal in the event since 1976 with his silver. Lee Joo-Hyung won South Korea's first medal in the event with his bronze.

Alexei Nemov
Alexei Yuryevich Nemov (Russian: Алексей Юрьевич Немов; born 28 May 1976) is a Russian retired artistic gymnast. During his career, he won five world championships, three European championships and twelve Olympic medals.
Quinn Capers IV
Quinn Capers IV is an American cardiologist practicing at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. He is a professor of medicine and vice dean for Faculty Development and Leadership at Rush Medical College. Capers has won numerous awards as a clinician-educator and advocate of diversity enhancement in medicine as an evidence-based method to reduce health disparities. He is an elected Fellow of the American College of Physicians and the American College of Cardiology.

American College of Physicians
The American College of Physicians (ACP) is a Philadelphia-based national organization of internal medicine physicians, who specialize in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of adults. With 162,000 members, ACP is the largest medical-specialty organization and second-largest physician group in the United States. The ACP is one of two professional organizations representing internal medicine physicians in the United States, and the other organization is the American College of Osteopathic Internists. Its flagship journal, the Annals of Internal Medicine, is among the most widely cited peer-reviewed medical journals in the world.
Tennessee State Route 2
State Route 2 (SR 2) is a 197-mile-long (317 km) west–to–east state highway in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It begins in Murfreesboro, in Rutherford County, and ends near Farragut in Loudon County. The route is both a primary and secondary route. Most of the route is unsigned.

It travels southeast from Rutherford County toward Chattanooga and then northeast from there to Loudon County. As nearly the entire route travels concurrent with U.S. Highways, the designation "Tennessee State Route 2" is seldomly used by the general public. The only exception would be a small portion of the route that runs parallel to Interstate 24 (I-24) near Kimball. This portion has been removed from the U.S. Highway system and is no longer part of U.S. Route 41 (US 41); but the highway still exists and is in use. This is the only section of SR 2 with its own route signed (shown as a secondary state route).

Farragut, Tennessee
Farragut is a suburban town located in Knox county in the State of Tennessee, United States. The town's population was 23,506 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Knoxville Metropolitan Area. The town is named in honor of Union Admiral David Farragut, who was born just east of Farragut at Campbell's Station in 1801, and fought in the American Civil War.
K. C. Kondaiah
K. C. Kondaiah (born 10 July 1950) is an Indian politician and former member of the  Karnataka Legislative Council, representing Bellary. He has served as a Member of Parliament in both the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha from Karnataka.

Karnataka Legislative Council
The Karnataka Legislative Council (formerly the Mysore Legislative Council) is the upper house of the state legislature of Karnataka in India. Karnataka is one of six Indian states with a bicameral legislature; the Legislative Assembly is the lower house. The Council is a permanent body of 75 members, of whom 64 are elected in various ways in staggered elections and 11 are appointed by the Governor of Karnataka. Members hold their seats for six-year terms.
Alexandria Riley
Alexandria Riley is a Welsh actress and documentarian. Her acting roles include Silo (2023–present). She was nominated for a leading actress BAFTA at the 2021 BAFTA Cymru Awards for her role in The Pembrokeshire Murders (2021).

BAFTA Cymru
BAFTA Cymru (or BAFTA in Wales) is the Welsh branch of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) and was founded in 1987.

The British Academy Cymru Awards were established in 1991, with the inaugural awards ceremony held on 30 November 1991. The annual ceremony takes place in Cardiff to recognise achievement in production, performance and craft categories in Welsh-made films and television programmes and by those of Welsh birth or residence. These are separate from the UK-wide British Academy Television Awards and British Academy Film Awards, although films and programmes recognised by BAFTA Cymru may also feature at BAFTA's national awards.
Klemensker
Klemensker is a village in the north-western part of the Danish island of Bornholm. With a population of 599 (1 January 2025), it is located on a crossroads 13 km north-east of Rønne, 7 km east of the coastal town Hasle and 12 km south of Allinge. It is known for its cheese production.

Beginning at the village inn, Klemens Kro, the road (Danish vej) Simblegårdsvej begins with an extremely steep drop and later a long climb up the Klemensker Bakke (Klemensker Hill). The farm (Danish gård) Simblegård is to the north.

Hasle, Bornholm
Hasle is a town and a former municipality on the west coast of the Baltic island of Bornholm, Denmark. Its population is 1,635 (as of 1 January 2025) The former municipality covered an area of 115 km2 (44 sq mi), and had a total population of 6,382. It is now included in the municipality of Bornholm. With its pleasant setting, smokehouses, galleries and harbour, the town attracts many tourists.
Micajah H. Bonner
Micajah Hubbard Bonner (January 25, 1828 – November 28, 1883) was a justice of the Texas Supreme Court from November 1878 to December 1882.

Born in Greenville, Alabama, Bonner attended La Grange College in Kentucky, he gained admission to the bar in Mississippi in 1848. He then moved to Texas, practicing for a time with former governor James Pinckney Henderson.

Bonner was appointed by Governor Richard B. Hubbard to succeed Judge George F. Moore, who had been elected Chief Judge, and judges Bonner, Moore, and Gould constituted the Court for some time. Bonner declined to run for reelection in 1882.

George F. Moore (Texas judge)
George Fleming Moore (July 17, 1822 – August 30, 1883) was an American lawyer and judge, who served as justice of the Supreme Court of Texas from October 1862 to June 1866, chief justice, August 1866 to September 1867, a justice again from January 1874 to April 1876, and chief justice again from November 1878 to November 1881.