hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edy's Pie
Edy's Pie (formerly known as Eskimo Pie) is an American brand of chocolate-covered vanilla ice cream bar wrapped in foil. It was the first such dessert sold in the United States. It is marketed by Dreyer's, a division of Froneri.

In wake of the George Floyd riots, the name was changed to Edy's Pie, in recognition of Dreyer's co-founder, candy maker Joseph Edy. The former name used the term Eskimo, a term considered offensive by some for American Inuit, Yupik, and Aleut peoples.

Dreyer's
Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream, Inc. (or simply Dreyer's) is an American ice cream and frozen dairy dessert company, founded in 1928 in Oakland, California. The company's two signature brands, Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream and Edy's Grand Ice Cream, are named after its founders, William Dreyer and Joseph Edy. The Dreyer's brand is sold in the Western United States and Texas, while the Edy's brand is sold in the Eastern and Midwestern United States.

In 2002, Dreyer's was acquired by Nestlé. In 2020, Froneri, the joint venture between Nestlé and PAI Partners, agreed to take over all of Nestlé's U.S. ice cream businesses, including Dreyer's, Häagen-Dazs, and Drumstick.
Central Mindanao University
Central Mindanao University (CMU; Filipino: Pamantasan ng Gitnang Mindanao) is a research state university located in the heart of Mindanao Island, province of Bukidnon, Philippines. Founded in 1910, it is one of the oldest premier universities in the southern Philippines. CMU is recognized by the Commission on Higher Education (Philippines) as the Center of Excellence in the field of Agriculture, Forestry, Veterinary Medicine and Biology; and Center of Development in Mathematics, Environmental Science and Teacher Education. In 2017, CMU became the first higher education institution in Mindanao to be awarded with Institutional Accreditation (Level II) by the Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines.

Commission on Higher Education
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED; Filipino: Komisyon sa Mas Mataas na Edukasyon or Komisyon sa Lalong Mataas na Edukasyon) is a government agency under the Office of the President of the Philippines. It is responsible for regulating and governing all higher education institutions and post-secondary educational programs in the country.
HPC Arkatron
HPC Arkatron Minsk (ГПК" Аркатрон) was a Belarussian handball club founded in 1995 based in Minsk. They had both a women's and men's team. The men's team won the domestic championship in 2003.

The team was disbanded in 2014.

Belarusian Men's Handball Championship
The Belarusian Men's Handball Championship is the national league for team handball in Belarus. The current champions are SKA Minsk, who won 11th title in 2024/25 season.

The tournament was founded in 1992 to replace the Soviet Men's Handball Championship after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
After the launching of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Handball Federation in February 2022 temporarily suspended the teams from Belarus.
Army of Free Lebanon
The Army of Free Lebanon – AFL (Arabic: جيش لبنان الحر, romanized: Jayish Lubnan al-Horr), also known variously as the Colonel Barakat's Army (Arabic: جيش بركات, romanized: Jayish Barakat) or Armée du Liban Libre (ALL) and Armée du Colonel Barakat in French, was a predominantly Christian splinter faction of the Lebanese Army that came to play a major role in the 1975–77 phase of the Lebanese Civil War.

Lebanese Armed Forces
The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF; Arabic: القوات المسلحة اللبنانية, romanized: Al-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa al-Lubnāniyya), also known as the Lebanese Army (Arabic: الجيش اللبناني, romanized: Al-Jaish al-Lubnani), is the national military of the Republic of Lebanon. It consists of three branches, the ground forces, the air force, and the navy. The motto of the Lebanese Armed Forces is "Honor, Sacrifice, Loyalty" (Arabic: شرف · تضحية  · وفاء, romanized: Sharaf.Tadhia.Wafa). In politically unstable Lebanon, the Lebanese army has been described as one of the few state institutions in the country trusted by both the Lebanese population and the international community; and a guarantor of stability in multi-sectarian Lebanon.
Hailie Deegan
Hailie Rochelle Deegan (born July 18, 2001) is an American professional racing driver who currently competes full-time in the ARCA Menards Series West driving the No. 16 Chevrolet SS for Bill McAnally Racing and part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series. She formerly competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series.

Deegan grew up racing off-road and on dirt, but transitioned to competing on asphalt in 2016 to pursue a career in stock car racing. She began her career in NASCAR in 2018 in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series West. She became the first female driver to have won races in the West Series, doing so in the 2018 and 2019 seasons. She is the daughter of Brian Deegan.

Starting in 2025, Deegan moved to American open-wheel racing, driving the No. 38 entry for HMD Motorsports in Indy NXT.

2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West
The 2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West was the sixty-fifth season of the K&N Pro Series West, a regional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR. It began with the Bakersfield 175 presented by NAPA Auto Parts at Kern County Raceway Park on March 15 and concluded with the NAPA Auto Parts 175 presented by West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame at Kern County Raceway Park on October 27. Todd Gilliland entered the season as the defending Drivers' champion; however, he did not go for three in a row, because he moved up to the Truck Series in 2018. Derek Thorn, the 2013 West Series champion, won his second championship in his first full season since his first title, 27 points in front of his Sunrise Ford Racing teammate Ryan Partridge, who also returned to the series in 2018 after a year off in 2017.
Hyperfixed
Hyperfixed is a documentary problem-solving podcast created and hosted by journalist and audio producer Alex Goldman. Produced in partnership with Radiotopia from PRX, the show debuted on October 2, 2024.

Reply All (podcast)
Reply All is an American podcast from Gimlet Media that ran from 2014 to 2022, featuring stories about how people shape the internet, and how the internet shapes people. It was created by P. J. Vogt and Alex Goldman, who were the show's original hosts; they had previously hosted the technology and culture podcast TLDR for WNYC. Emmanuel Dzotsi became a third cohost in 2020.

The podcast received critical acclaim, winning several awards. In 2021, Vogt and another producer left the show following backlash critical of the work environment. Both Goldman and Dzotsi left the show in 2022 with the final episode released on June 23 of that year.
Canada Soccer National Development Centres
The Canada Soccer National Development Centre and Canada Soccer EXCEL programs are full-time women's soccer development programs run by the Canadian Soccer Association in partnership with the various provincial associations to develop Canadian women's soccer players as part of the Canadian women's soccer pathway. There are three National Development Centres in Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia and Regional EXCEL programs in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.

The four National Development Centres enter teams in each of the four regions of Canada's tier 3 Premier Soccer Leagues Canada leagues: Ontario Premier League, British Columbia Premier League, Ligue1 Québec, and Alberta Premier League.

Ligue1 Québec (women)
Ligue1 Québec (L1QC, previously known as the Première ligue de soccer du Québec féminine) is a semi-professional soccer league created in 2018, organized by the Quebec Soccer Federation, which operates at the pro-am tier of the Canadian soccer league system. In 2025, the league expanded and introduced two new divisions Ligue2 Québec and Ligue3 Québec, following the ending of the amateur Ligue de soccer élite du Québec, with the teams being folded into L1Q. The L1QC women's division is below the Northern Super League and equal to League1 Ontario, League1 British Columbia, and League1 Alberta.
Iosif Bleikhman
Iosif Solomonovich Bleikhman (1868 – 1921) was a Belarusian Jewish anarchist communist revolutionary. He was the leader of the Petrograd Federation of Anarchist-Communists at the time of the Russian Revolution in 1917, organising a series of demonstrations against the Russian Provisional Government that culminated in the July Days. Following the October Revolution, he also began to agitate against the new Bolshevik government, which resulted in him being arrested and sentenced to periods of penal labor a number of times. During one of these periods, he contracted tuberculosis, which he succumbed to shortly before the Kronstadt rebellion of 1921.

Paul Avrich
Paul Avrich (August 4, 1931 – February 16, 2006) was an American historian specializing in the 19th and early 20th-century anarchist movement in Russia and the United States. He taught at Queens College, City University of New York, for his entire career, from 1961 to his retirement as distinguished professor of history in 1999. He wrote ten books, mostly about anarchism, including topics such as the 1886 Haymarket Riot, the 1921 Sacco and Vanzetti case, the 1921 Kronstadt naval base rebellion, and an oral history of the movement in the United States.

As an ally of the movement's major figures, he sought to challenge the portrayal of anarchists as amoral and violent, and collected papers from these figures that he donated as a 20,000-item collection to the Library of Congress.
Teacher quality
Teacher quality is said to be the most important factor influencing learner outcomes. The Education for All Goals set by UNESCO have been achieved by some countries but many millions of children remain out of school or with poor teachers.

According to UNESCO and the OECD, developed and developing countries across the world are grappling unsuccessfully with the problem of providing up to date teacher education both Initial Professional Development and continuing professional development to a diverse and large workforce (450,000 in England, 1.3M in Pakistan in 2006).

Teacher education
Teacher education or teacher training refers to programs, policies, procedures, and provision designed to equip (prospective) teachers with the knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, approaches, methodologies and skills they require to perform their tasks effectively in the classroom, school, and wider community. The professionals who engage in training the prospective teachers are called teacher educators (or, in some contexts, teacher trainers).

There is a longstanding and ongoing debate about the most appropriate term to describe these activities. The term 'teacher training' (which may give the impression that the activity involves training staff to undertake relatively routine tasks) seems to be losing ground, at least in the U.S., to 'teacher education' (with its connotation of preparing staff for a professional role as a reflective practitioner). The two major components of teacher education are in-service teacher education and pre-service teacher education.
Gujarat under the Delhi Sultanate
Gujarat, a region in western India, fell under the Delhi Sultanate following repeated expeditions under Alauddin Khalji around the end of the 13th century. He conquered the Kingdom of Gujarat which had been under the rule of the Vaghela dynasty under Karna II and established Muslim rule in Gujarat. Soon the Tughluq dynasty came to power in Delhi whose emperor carried out expeditions to quell rebellion in Gujarat and established their firm control over the region by the end of the century. Following Timur's invasion of Delhi, the Delhi Sultanate weakened considerably so that the last Tughluq governor Zafar Khan declared himself independent in 1407 and formally established the Gujarat Sultanate.

Muzaffar Shah I
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah I (born Zafar Khan; 30 June 1342 – 10 January 1411) was the founder of the Muzaffarid dynasty in Medieval India, reigning over the Gujarat Sultanate from 1391 to 1403 and again from 1404 to 1411.

He was appointed the governor of Gujarat by Tughluq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate and later declared the independence of the Gujarat Sultanate while there was chaos in Delhi following Timur's invasion. Muzaffar was deposed by his ambitious son Tatar Khan in 1403, but he regained the throne in 1404, when Tatar Khan died.
Wharfedale Greenway
The Wharfedale Greenway is a proposed cycleway, footpath and equestrian route which will run along the route of the former Otley and Ilkley Joint Railway between Burley in Wharfedale and Pool in Wharfedale via Otley, West Yorkshire, England. The railway previously connected the extant Wharfedale and Harrogate lines until its closure in 1965. It will also have a branch southwards towards Menston alongside the remaining railway to Ilkley. The rail trail has been planned by Sustrans and the parish councils along the route since 2010 and was approved by Leeds City Council in July 2020.  The Friends of Wharfedale Greenway was established in 2021. It is a group of volunteers dedicated to raising awareness and support for the creation of a greenway along the Wharfe Valley. Its mission is to connect communities, promote sustainable transportation, and preserve the natural beauty of the area.

Ilkley
Ilkley is a spa town and civil parish in the City of Bradford in West Yorkshire, in Northern England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Ilkley civil parish includes the adjacent village of Ben Rhydding and is a ward within the City of Bradford. Approximately 12 miles (19 km) north of Bradford and 17 miles (27 km) north-west of Leeds, the town lies mainly on the south bank of the River Wharfe in Wharfedale, one of the Yorkshire Dales.

Ilkley's spa town heritage and surrounding countryside make tourism an important local industry. The town centre is characterised by Victorian architecture, wide streets and floral displays. Ilkley Moor, to the south of the town, is the subject of a folk song, often described as the unofficial anthem of Yorkshire, "On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at". The song's words are written in Yorkshire dialect: its title translated is "On Ilkley Moor without a hat".
Falkuša
A falkusa (Croatian: falkuša; Croatian pronunciation: [ˈfalkuʃa]) is a traditional fishing boat used by fishermen from the town of Komiža on the Adriatic island of Vis, Croatia. Falkuša is a subtype of gajeta, a traditional Dalmatian fishing sailboat, and is sometimes called gajeta falkuša (Croatian pronunciation: [ˈɡajeta ˈfalkuʃa]). Its design was adapted to the specific needs of Komiža fishermen, who went to long fishing expeditions in the open seas, a unique practice in the Adriatic and Mediterranean.

Traditional fishing boat
Traditionally, many different kinds of boats have been used as fishing boats to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Even today, many traditional fishing boats are still in use. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), at the end of 2004, the world fishing fleet consisted of about 4 million vessels, of which 2.7 million were undecked (open) boats. While nearly all decked vessels were mechanised, only one-third of the undecked fishing boats were powered, usually with outboard engines. The remaining 1.8 million boats were traditional craft of various types, operated by sail and oars.

This article is about the boats used for fishing that are or were built from designs that existed before engines became available.
Photoheterotroph
Photoheterotrophs (Gk: photo = light, hetero = (an)other, troph = nourishment) are heterotrophic phototrophs—that is, they are organisms that use light for energy, but cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source. Consequently, they use organic compounds from the environment to satisfy their carbon requirements; these compounds include carbohydrates, fatty acids, and alcohols. Examples of photoheterotrophic organisms include purple non-sulfur bacteria, green non-sulfur bacteria, and heliobacteria. These microorganisms are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats, occupy unique niche-spaces, and contribute to global biogeochemical cycling. Recent research has also indicated that the oriental hornet and some aphids may be able to use light to supplement their energy supply. Some recent research has even found hints of photoheterotrophy in a few eukaryotes, though it's still being studied.

Chloroflexota
The Chloroflexota are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photosynthesis (green non-sulfur bacteria); and anaerobic halorespirers, which uses halogenated organics (such as the toxic chlorinated ethenes and polychlorinated biphenyls) as electron acceptors.

The members of the phylum Chloroflexota are monoderms (that is, have one cell membrane with no outer membrane), but they stain mostly gram-negative. Many well-studied phyla of bacteria are diderms and stain gram-negative, whereas well-known monoderms that stain Gram-positive include Firmicutes (or Bacillota) (low G+C gram-positives) and Actinomycetota (high-G+C gram-positives).
Minoru Onoda
Minoru Onoda (小野田 實, Onoda Minoru) was an important member of the Gutai Group's younger generation having joined the group in 1965. His 'Paintings of Propagation' theory was a crucial step in his early career. He was included in the important retrospectives on the Gutai Group at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York in 2013 and the National Art Center in Tokyo in 2012. The 2022 Gutai retrospectives 'Into the Unknown World – GUTAI: differentiation and Integration', National Museum of Art, Osaka, and Nakanoshima Museum of Art, Osaka, JP included many of his works.

The National Art Center, Tokyo
The National Art Center, Tokyo (国立新美術館, Kokuritsu Shin-Bijutsukan) (NACT) is a museum in Roppongi, Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Opened in January 2007, it is one of the five institutions of the Independent Administrative Institution National Museum of Art. Designed by architect Kisho Kurokawa, it was final completed project before his death in 2007.

Unlike the other national art museums, NACT does not maintain a permanent collection but instead functions as flexible venue hosting temporary special exhibitions and exhibitions organized by public art associations.
Mecklenburg T 3
The Mecklenburg T 3 was a German, goods train, tank locomotive built for the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway (Großherzoglich Mecklenburgische Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn) from 1884. Originally designated as the Class XVII it had an 0-6-0T wheel arrangement and was based on the Prussian T 3.

These engines were later taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn as DRG Class 89.80 and incorporated into their renumbering plan.

A total of 68 examples of this locomotive were produced by various manufacturers between 1884 and 1906. Of these, 51 (the so-called T 3a) corresponded to the older version of the Prussian T 3 with a regulator on top. The other 17 (the T 3b) conformed to the more powerful version with a steam dome. Two of the latter locomotives were given a Walschaerts valve gear instead of the usual Allan valve gear. They were employed primarily on branch line and shunting duties. The last locomotive was retired by the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany in 1963.

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway
The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway (Großherzoglich Mecklenburgische Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn or M.F.F.E.) was the state railway company in Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz. After its second nationalisation in 1890 up to the merger of the Länderbahnen into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1920 it was under the direction of the Grand Duchy's Executive Railway Board (Großherzoglichen General-Eisenbahndirection or GGED) in Schwerin.
Kirti Stambh (mountain)
Kirti Stambh is a mountain of the Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand, India. The elevation of Kirti Stambh is 6,270 metres (20,571 ft) and its prominence is 100 metres (328 ft). It is 128th highest located entirely within the Uttrakhand. Nanda Devi, is the highest mountain in this category. It lies between Thalaysagar and Bhartekunta. Its nearest higher neighbor Bhartekunta 6,578 metres (21,581 ft) lies 2.3 km SE. It is located 5.1 km SSE of Thalaysagar 6,904 metres (22,651 ft) and 12.8 km NEE lies Bhagirathi I 6,856 metres (22,493 ft).

Kedarnath (mountain)
Kedarnath (or Kedarnath Main) and Kedarnath Dome (or Kedar Dome) are two mountains in the Gangotri Group of peaks in the western Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand state, India. Kedarnath (Main) lies on the main ridge that lies south of the Gangotri Glacier, and Kedarnath Dome, a subpeak of the main peak, lies on a spur projecting towards the glacier, two kilometres northwest of Kedarnath. They are at a distance 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of the Hindu holy site of Gaumukh (the source of the Ganges River). Kedarnath is the highest peak on the south side of the Gangotri Glacier, and Kedarnath Dome is the third highest.
3rd New York Light Artillery Regiment
The 3rd New York Light Artillery Regiment of the Union Army was originally mustered as the 19th New York Infantry Regiment at Elmira, New York on May 22, 1861.  The regiment was enlisted on two year enlistment papers after an initial error of a three month enlistement.  The 19th Infantry left New York in June under Col. John S. Clark but by December had been reformed as the 3rd New York Light Artillery under Col. James H. Ledlie.

As the 19th Infantry, it served near Washington. D. C, in June to December 1861. After becoming an artillery regiment, the batteries were scattered to various divisions, corps and departments across the east coast from the Carolinas to Washington, DC as the needs of the war required.  In December of 1862, Col. Ledlie was promoted to brigadier general in command of the Artillery Brigade of the Department of North Carolina and Col. Charles H. Stewart (his deputy) was promoted to Colonel and took command until the unit was mustered out in 1865.

Department of Virginia and North Carolina
The Department of Virginia and North Carolina was a United States Military department encompassing Union-occupied territory in the Confederate States during the Civil War.  In 1863, it was formed by the merging of two previously existing departments: the Department of Virginia and the Department of North Carolina.  In 1865, the two departments were once again separated.
Rewanui Branch
The Rewanui Branch, sometimes referred to as the Rewanui Incline and known as the Point Elizabeth Branch in its early years, was a branch line railway located in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island.  It branched from the Midland Line near its western terminus in Greymouth and ran up to Rewanui in the Paparoa Ranges.  The branch closed in 1985 but the first six kilometres to Runanga remain in operation as part of the Rapahoe Branch.

Greymouth
Greymouth (/ˈɡreɪmaʊθ/) (Māori: Māwhera) is the largest town in the West Coast region in the South Island of New Zealand, and the seat of the Grey District Council. The population of the whole Grey District is 14,600, which accounts for 42% of the West Coast's inhabitants. The Greymouth urban area had an estimated population of 8,610 (June 2025). A large proportion of the District, 65%, is part of the Conservation Estate owned and managed by the Department of Conservation making Greymouth a natural centre for walkers and trampers.