hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cazania lui Varlaam
Cazania lui Varlaam (the Homiliary of Varlaam) also known as Carte Romănească de Învățătură (the Romanian Book of Learning) is a book edited by the Metropolitan of Moldavia Varlaam Moțoc in 1643. It is a translation of the Books of Homilies from Slavonic into the Romanian language. It was the first book to be printed in Moldavia, under the patronage of the Prince Vasile Lupu.

Vasile Lupu
Lupu Coci, known as Vasile Lupu (Romanian pronunciation: [vaˈsile ˈlupu]; 1595 – 1661), was the voivode of Moldavia between 1634 and 1653. He was of Albanian and Greek origin. Lupu had secured the Moldavian throne in 1634 after a series of complicated intrigues and managed to hold it for twenty years. Vasile was a capable administrator and a brilliant financier and was soon almost the richest man in the Christian East. His gifts to Ottoman leaders kept him on good terms with the Ottoman authorities.
Enrico Chiesa
Enrico Chiesa (Italian pronunciation: [enˈriːko ˈkjɛːza; ˈkjeːza]; born 29 December 1970) is an Italian football coach and former striker.

Chiesa played for several Italian clubs throughout his career, and performed regularly in Serie A for over a decade, winning titles with Sampdoria, Parma, and Fiorentina; he later also spent a spell with Lazio. He moved to Siena where he became a household name and, thanks to his goals, the Tuscan side stayed in the top division for many seasons. He retired with Figline in 2010, the club with which he subsequently began his coaching career. He won the 1998–99 UEFA Cup and Coppa Italia with Parma, finishing the former tournament as the top scorer, with 8 goals. At international level, he played for the Italy national team on 17 occasions between 1996 and 2001, scoring 7 goals, and was also part of the Italian squads that took part at UEFA Euro 1996 and the 1998 FIFA World Cup.

He is father to Federico Chiesa, who is also a professional footballer.

1998–99 UEFA Cup
The 1998–99 UEFA Cup was won by Parma in the final against Marseille. It was their second title in the competition.

It was the last edition of the old format UEFA Cup, before the Cup Winners' Cup was merged into it to include domestic cup winners, and an extra knockout round was added. The new format was last played in the 2003–04 season and was later replaced by a Group Stage format in 2004–05.
Ghana Player of the Year
The Ghana Player of the Year (or Ghanaian Footballer of the Year) is an annual award from Football Association of Ghana, govern in recognition of excellence to the best Ghanaian professional association footballer of the year.

The title has been awarded yearly in Ghana since 1975. The award is determined annually by the members of the Sport Writers Association of Ghana (SWAG), with additional votes from the Ghana Premier League team captains and coaches, in collaboration with Goal.com's corporate subdivision of Perform Group, and is published by the Ghana Football Association (GFA). All Ghanaian professional association footballers all eligible. The award has been presented on 28 occasions as of 2020.

The most successful player of the award is Samuel Kuffour, who was chosen as Ghana Player of the Year three times. Asamoah Gyan, André Ayew, Stephen Appiah, Kwadwo Asamoah and Thomas Partey have each won the award twice, the latter three all in consecutive years.

Ghana Football Association
The Ghana Football Association (GFA) is the governing body of association football in Ghana, based in the capital city, Accra. Founded in 1957 to replace the Gold Coast Football Association which was founded in 1935, it organizes and governs Ghana's football leagues, football cup competitions and national teams.

On 7 June 2018, the GFA was dissolved by the former Minister of Sport, Isaac Kwame Asiamah, after the discovery of corruption in the association through investigative videos which later made up Anas Aremeyaw Anas' Number 12 exposé. In October 2019, Kurt Okraku, was elected as GFA's new president after reconvention upon the completion of the work of the FIFA Normalization Committee. Mark Addo was later elected vice president in November 2019. Kurt Okraku was re-elected for a second term as GFA President during their 2023 Elective Congress in Tamale, Ghana.
Ceanothus verrucosus
Ceanothus verrucosus is a species of shrub in the family Rhamnaceae known by the common names wart-stem ceanothus, barranca brush, coast lilac and white coast ceanothus. It is endemic to northwestern Baja California and San Diego County, where it grows in coastal sage scrub and coastal succulent scrub habitats. It is considered a rare species north of the international border, as most of the valuable coastal land that hosts this plant in the San Diego area has been claimed for development. In California, several extant populations still remain scattered around the region, such as one protected at Torrey Pines.

Coastal sage scrub
Coastal sage scrub (CSS), also called coastal scrub or soft chaparral, is a low scrubland plant community of the California coastal sage and chaparral subecoregion, found in coastal California and northwestern coastal Baja California. It is within the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion, of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Gary Roughead
Gary Roughead (/ˈrʌfhɛd/ "rough head"; born July 15, 1951) is a former United States Navy officer who served as the 29th Chief of Naval Operations from 2007 to 2011. He previously served as Commander, United States Fleet Forces Command from May 17 to September 29, 2007. Prior to that, Roughead served as the 31st Commander, United States Pacific Fleet from 2005 to 2007. In 2011, he retired from the U.S. Navy after 38 years of service.

Chief of Naval Operations
The chief of naval operations (CNO) is the highest-ranking officer of the United States Navy. The position is a statutory office (10 U.S.C. § 8033) held by an admiral who is a military adviser and deputy to the secretary of the Navy. The CNO is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (10 U.S.C. § 151) and in this capacity, a military adviser to the National Security Council, the Homeland Security Council, the secretary of defense, and the president.

Despite the title, the CNO does not have operational command authority over naval forces. The CNO is an administrative position based in the Pentagon, and exercises supervision of Navy organizations as the designee of the secretary of the Navy. Operational command of naval forces falls within the purview of the combatant commanders who report to the secretary of defense.

As of 25 August 2025, the 34th chief of naval operations is Admiral Daryl Caudle.
Pablo Mieres
Pablo Andrés Mieres Gómez (born 30 July 1959 in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan politician of the Independent Party (PI), who served as Minister of Labour and Social Welfare from 2020 to 2024 under President Luis Lacalle Pou. He previously served as National Representative from 2000 to 2005 and as Senator of the Republic from 2015 to 2020.

Senate of Uruguay
The Chamber of Senators of Uruguay (Cámara de Senadores de Uruguay), or Senate, is the upper house of the General Assembly of Uruguay (Asamblea General de Uruguay). It has 30 members, elected for a five-year term by proportional representation; the vice-president presides over the chamber's sessions.

The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article Ninety-eight of the Uruguayan Constitution. It also requires that the senators must be at least 30 years old and have been Uruguayan citizens for seven years. In addition to the functions that it performs jointly with the House of Representatives through the General Assembly, it alone holds public trials of those impeached by the House of Representatives or the Departamental Board. If convicted by 2/3 of the Senators, they may (only) remove them from office.
Johan Didrik af Wingård
Johan Didrik af Wingård (né Wingård; 14 November 1778 - 21 February 1854) was a Swedish statesman, military official and illustrator who served as the first Swedish Minister of Finance from 1840 to 1842 and Chief of the Artillery Staff from 1813 to 1814.

Minister for Finance (Sweden)
The Minister for Finance (Swedish: Finansminister) of Sweden, officially Cabinet Minister and Head of the Ministry of Finance (Swedish: statsråd och chef för finansdepartementet), is a member of the Government of Sweden and is the head of the Ministry of Finance.

It is often considered to be the most influential political office in Sweden, following the Prime Minister.
Aviaconversiya
Aviaconversiya (Russian: ООО Авиаконверсия) is a Russian manufacturer of surface-based electronic countermeasures products, namely satellite navigation systems deceivers. Oleg Antonov is the director of the company.

Aviaconversiya was founded in the early 1990s as a private company, and it introduced its GPS jamming device at the 1997 MAKS Air Show. In 2002 the US Department of Defense had bought $192,000 worth of equipment from the company.

According to Western sources, Aviaconversiya deceivers were activated around Baghdad by the Saddam Hussein government of Iraq in order to disrupt Coalition GPS devices, namely satellite-guided munitions, during the 2003 Iraq War. Russian officials dismissed the allegations, as did Aviaconversiya.

In 2003 Aviaconversiya was described by SIPRI as a small company, whose leadership included ex-Soviet army commanders who grew rich on a government monopoly for processing scrap metal from Soviet military hardware.

Electronic countermeasure
An electronic countermeasure (ECM) is an electrical or electronic device designed to trick or deceive radar, sonar, or other detection systems, like infrared (IR) or lasers. It may be used offensively and defensively to deny targeting information to an enemy. The system may make many separate targets appear to the enemy, or make the real target appear to disappear or move about randomly. It is used effectively to protect aircraft from guided missiles. Most air forces use ECM to protect their aircraft from attack. It has also been deployed by military ships and recently on some advanced tanks to fool laser/IR guided missiles. It is frequently coupled with stealth advances, so the ECM systems have an easier job. Offensive ECM often takes the form of jamming. Self-protecting (defensive) ECM includes blip enhancement and jamming missile terminal homers.
BulletBoys (album)
BulletBoys is the debut album by the American rock band BulletBoys, released in 1988. The cover art is a copy of ".30 Bullet Piercing an Apple" by Harold Eugene Edgerton. The album features the hit "Smooth Up in Ya" as well as a cover of the O'Jay's song "For the Love of Money". The album reached No. 34 in the Billboard 200 chart and was certified gold in 1989 selling over 500,000 copies.

UK-based Rock Candy Records reissued the album on CD in 2014.

The O'Jays
The O'Jays are an American R&B group from Canton, Ohio, formed in summer 1958 and originally consisting of Eddie Levert, Walter Lee Williams, William Powell, Bobby Massey, and Bill Isles. The O'Jays made their first chart appearance with the minor hit "Lonely Drifter" in 1963, but reached their greatest level of success once the producers Gamble & Huff signed them to their Philadelphia International label in 1972. With Gamble & Huff, the O'Jays (now a trio after the departure of Isles and Massey) emerged at the forefront of Philadelphia soul with Back Stabbers (1972), and topped the US Billboard Hot 100 the following year with "Love Train". Several other US R&B hits followed, and the O'Jays were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2004, The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2005, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2013.
Tipton Five Ways railway station
Tipton Five Ways railway station was a station built by the Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway, serving the town of Tipton in the western section near the border with Coseley for 88 years from 1853.

The 'Five Ways' tag was only added in 1950 – to avoid confusion with Tipton Owen Street. It was situated on the Oxford-Worcester-Wolverhampton Line. The station eventually closed in 1962, though the line remained open until 22 September 1968. The station buildings were demolished soon after closure.

The station site was developed in 2001–02 with new housing, which made use of most of the track bed between Sedgley Road West and Birmingham New Road. The overbridges at both ends of this section of the railway were demolished at this time.

Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway
The Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway (OW&WR) was a railway company in England. It built a line from Wolvercot Junction near Oxford to Worcester, Stourbridge, Dudley and Wolverhampton, as well as some branches. 
It was known locally as the "Old Worse & Worse" due to the perpetual mismanagement of the line leading to poor public perception, and due to the acronym of its name (OW&W).

Its main line was opened in stages between 1852 and 1853. When the West Midland Railway (WMR) was formed by amalgamation in 1860, the OW&WR was the dominant partner, but the West Midland company amalgamated with the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1863. Several branches and extensions were built in the West Midlands, and the main line was developed as an important trunk route.
Much of the original main line is in use at present.
Hadi Saei
Hadi Saei (Persian: هادی ساعی, born June 10, 1976) is an Iranian councilor and former taekwondo athlete who became the most successful Iranian athlete in Olympic history and the most titled champion in the sport by winning 9 world class titles (two olympic titles in 2004 and 2008, two world championships titles, four world cup titles and one world olympic qualification tournament).
Earlier in his career and in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Saei had won the Bronze medal. He was elected as member of City Council of Tehran in 2006 local elections and was reelected in 2013 but lost the 2017 election. He is one of the three olympians with the most medals in the sport of taekwondo. He was the President of Islamic Republic of Iran Taekwondo Federation from January 2022 to January 2026.

2006 Iranian local elections
The Iranian City and Village Councils election of 2006 took place on December 15, 2006. People elected representatives for City and Village Councils, who in their turn elected the mayors.

The elections happened on the same day as the election for the Assembly of Experts.
Hala International School
Hala International School (HIS) (Arabic: مدرسة هلا العالمية, romanized: Madrasah Hala al-ʿĀlamīyah) was a K–12 gender-isolated English-medium multicultural international school in the al-Aziziyah neighborhood of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, active from 1991 to 2018 and served students across 24 different nationalities from the city, mostly the Pakistani diaspora.

Established in 1991, it was accredited to the Northwest Accreditation Commission (NWAC) and later with the Cambridge Assessment International Education. It was approved by the Ministry of Education, Government of Saudi Arabia and was regarded as one of the best performing schools in Jeddah prior to its closure in 2018.

Cambridge International Education
Cambridge International Education (abbreviated CIE, informally known as Cambridge International or simply Cambridge and formerly known as CAIE, Cambridge Assessment International Education and CIE, Cambridge International Examinations) is a provider of international qualifications, offering examinations and qualifications to 10,000 schools in more than 160 countries. It is part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, a non-profit and non-teaching department of the University of Cambridge.
Leopoldo Vega
Leopoldo "Bong" Jumalon Vega (born November 4, 1955) is a Filipino physician, surgeon and former hospital administrator serving as an undersecretary of the Department of Health since 2020. Prior to joining the administration of President Rodrigo Duterte, he served as medical center chief of the state-run Southern Philippines Medical Center in Davao City for twelve years. On July 13, 2020, Vega was appointed to the National Task Force Against Coronavirus under the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases as COVID-19 Treatment Czar.

Southern Philippines Medical Center
The Southern Philippines Medical Center (SPMC) is the largest government hospital under the Department of Health of the Republic of the Philippines. It is located at the JP Laurel Ave, Bajada, Davao City. It began as the Davao Medical Center. Its name was changed on November 19, 2009, by Republic Act 9792.
Broker (2022 film)
Broker (Korean: 브로커; RR: Beurokeo) is a 2022 South Korean drama film written, edited and directed by Hirokazu Kore-eda, in his Korean-language debut. Starring Song Kang-ho, Gang Dong-won, Bae Doona, Lee Ji-eun and Lee Joo-young, it follows a family associated with baby boxes, which allow infants to be dropped off anonymously to be cared for by others.

The film had its world premiere at the main competition of the 2022 Cannes Film Festival on 26 May, where it won the Ecumenical Jury Award and the Best Actor Award for Song Kang-ho. It was theatrically released in South Korea on 8 June by CJ E&M.

Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor
The Best Actor Award (French: Prix d'interprétation masculine) is an award presented at the Cannes Film Festival since 1946. It is given to an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance and chosen by the jury from the films in official competition slate at the festival.

At the 1st Cannes Film Festival held in 1946, Ray Milland was the first winner of this award for his performance in The Lost Weekend, and Wagner Moura is the most recent winner in this category for his role in The Secret Agent at the 78th Cannes Film Festival in 2025.
Evsei Rabinovich
Evsei Markovich Rabinovich (Russian: Евсей Маркович Рабинович, 6 July 1930—2020) D.N, was a Russian physicist of Ukrainian origin who participated in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons, and was one of the designers of the two-stage RDS-37 thermonuclear discharges and its successor, the RDS-220 (also known as Tsar Bomba), the largest ever bomb.

Doctor of Sciences
A Doctor of Sciences is a higher doctoral degree that was awarded in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and many Commonwealth of Independent States countries. It is currently awarded in some post-soviet nations, particularly Russia and Belarus. One of the prerequisites for receiving a Doctor of Sciences degree is obtaining a PhD-equivalent Candidate of Sciences degree. In addition, the Doctor of Sciences conferral also requires applicants to demonstrate significant and outstanding contributions to their research field. This degree is generally regarded as recognition for a lifetime of academic achievements rather than an ordinary academic degree achieved through courses and theses.
Symbols of Europe
A number of symbols of Europe have emerged since antiquity, notably the mythological figure of Europa.

Several symbols were introduced in the 1950s and 1960s by the European Council. The European Communities created additional symbols for itself in 1985, which was to become inherited by the European Union (EU) in 1993. Such symbols of the European Union now represent political positions in support of EU policies and European integration as advocated by Europeans.

Europa (consort of Zeus)
In Greek mythology, Europa (/jʊəˈroʊpə, jə-/; Ancient Greek: Εὐρώπη, Eurṓpē, Attic Greek pronunciation: [eu̯.rɔ̌ː.pɛː]) was a Phoenician princess from Tyre and the mother of King Minos of Crete. The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a bull was a Cretan story.

An early reference to Europa is in a fragment of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, discovered at Oxyrhynchus. The earliest vase-painting securely identifiable as Europa dates from the mid-7th century BC.
Marwar Junction–Munabao line
The Marwar Junction–Munabao line connects Marwar Junction, on the Jaipur–Ahmedabad line to  Munabao, the last station in India, near the India–Pakistan border. Both are in the Indian state of Rajasthan. There is a link to Jodhpur. This line operates under the jurisdiction of North Western Railway zone.

Jodhpur railway station
Jodhpur railway station (station code:- JU) is a major railway station located in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. The railway station is under the administrative control of North Western Railway of Indian Railways.
Western Libya campaign order of battle
This is the order of battle for the Western Libya campaign, codenamed "Operation Flood of Dignity" by forces under Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar. The forces supporting Haftar and the House of Representatives, mainly the Libyan National Army, are opposed by the armed forces of the forces loyal to the Government of National Accord, including the Libyan Army and the Tripoli Protection Force.

Libyan Army
Since the outbreak of the Libyan civil war in 2011, the unified pre-war Gaddafi armed forces dissolved. The pre-war Libyan Army (Arabic: رئاسة الأركان العامة للجيش الليبي) no longer exists.

The Libyan Armed Forces dissolved in the course of the first Libyan civil war from 2011, and after the second civil war, armed groups in Libya are generally divided between the Government of National Accord (GNA) based in Tripoli, which has a collection of militias, and Khalifa Haftar's "Libyan National Army" in and around Benghazi.

GNA forces have been fighting against various other factions in Libya, including the Islamic State. Most of the forces under the Tripoli government's command consist of various militia groups, such as the Tripoli Protection Force, and local factions from cities like Misrata and Zintan.
Vanessa Cristina de Souza
Vanessa Cristina de Souza (born 20 November 1989) is a Brazilian wheelchair racer, who came fourth at the 2021 Boston and Chicago Marathons. She competed in multiple events at the delayed 2020 Summer Paralympics.

2021 Chicago Marathon
The 2021 Chicago Marathon was held on October 10, 2021. It was the 43rd edition of the annual Chicago Marathon, and the first after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019. The 2020 Chicago Marathon was canceled as a result of the pandemic. The race was the third of five World Marathon Majors scheduled for 2021; all the events in the series took place in the span of six weeks between late September and early November.

Participants were required to provide proof of COVID-19 vaccination or a negative COVID-19 test taken within 72 hours of attending the event.

The marathon was won by Seifu Tura of Ethiopia and Ruth Chepng'etich of Kenya, in 2:06:12 and 2:22:31, respectively, while the wheelchair race was won by Daniel Romanchuk and Tatyana McFadden, both of the United States, in 1:29:07 and 1:48:57, respectively.
Abell S740
The Abell S740 is a cluster of galaxies identified in the Abell catalogue of southern rich clusters of galaxies. It is over 450 Mly away in the constellation Centaurus. It has a redshift of 10,073 km/s.

Abell catalogue
The Abell catalog of rich clusters of galaxies is an all-sky catalog of 4,073 rich galaxy clusters of nominal redshift z ≤ 0.2. This catalog supplements a revision of George O. Abell's original "Northern Survey" of 1958, which had only 2,712 clusters, with a further 1,361 clusters – the "Southern Survey" of 1989, published after Abell's death by co-authors Harold G. Corwin and Ronald P. Olowin from those parts of the south celestial hemisphere that had been omitted from the earlier survey.

The Abell catalog, and especially its clusters, are of interest to amateur astronomers as challenge objects to be viewed in dark locations on large aperture amateur telescopes.