hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Toverud
The Battle of Toverud or the Battles of Rakkestad and Toverud were several skirmishes fought around Toverud in Aurskog and Rakkestad in Østfold, on 19 and 20 April 1808, as a part of the Dano-Swedish War of 1808-1809. Christian August sent a larger force to cut off and destroy the scattered Swedish detachments under Gustaf Olof Lagerbring. A small Swedish force, led by Oxenstierna, managed to break through the Norwegian lines, led by Heyerdahl, at Rakkestad. Another contingent, under Axel Otto Mörner, failed to break through the lines at Toverud, under Weibye, resulting in the capture of the Swedish force—except for 13 men who managed to escape to the main army at Haneborg.

Rakkestad
Rakkestad is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Rakkestad.  It is divided into the parishes of Rakkestad, Degernes, and Os.  The municipality is the county's second largest by area and one of Norway's largest agricultural areas.

Rakkestad was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). Degernes was separated from Rakkestad as a municipality of its own on 1 January 1917, but it was merged back into Rakkestad on 1 January 1964.

Rakkestad has a civil airport, Rakkestad Airport, Aastorp.
1923 Campeonato Uruguayo Primera División
The 1923 Primera División was the 23rd season of top-flight football in Uruguay. This was organised by official body, Uruguayan Football Association (AUF), while dissident body, Uruguayan Football Federation (FUF), organised its own championship simultaneously.

Uruguayan Football Association
The Uruguayan Football Association (Spanish: Asociación Uruguaya de Fútbol — AUF) is the governing body of football in Uruguay. It was founded in 1900, as The Uruguayan Association Football League, and affiliated to FIFA in 1923. It is a founding member of CONMEBOL and is in charge of the national men's team and the national women's team, as well as the Uruguayan football league system.
Green Life
Green Life is nonprofit environmental protection and social development group in Myanmar. It was formed by villagers with 48 members in 2011 at Sagaing Region, Sagaing Township, Tabuyin Khwe village.

Now, Green Life's members are 280 youths from the local community. Its headquarter is located in Sagaing Township, Tabuyin Khwe village. In June 2018, the group received an award from State Counsellor of Myanmar Aung San Su Kyi.

Sagaing Township
Sagaing Township is a township in Sagaing District in the Sagaing Division of Myanmar. The township contains town towns- the principal town is Sagaing and Sataung comprising a total of 34 wards. The township additionally has 76 village tracts grouping together 177 villages including the tourist spot of Mingun.

Ye Kharr lake between Sagaing Hill and Min Wun Hill produces natural spirulina as in Twintaung of Budalin Township and Twinma and Taung Pauk of Kani Township. Mt. Shwe Myin Tin is the highest point in the township at 1,372 ft above sea level.
Youlbury Scout Activity Centre
Youlbury Scout Activity Centre is one of a number of The Scout Association's National Scout Activity Centres in the United Kingdom and is the oldest permanent Scout campsite in the world (while Brownsea Island was the site of the first campsite, it was a private island for many years after).

The Centre, which is based near Oxford, is open to Scouts from around the world, and offers many activities as well as camping and accommodation in huts.

Brownsea Island Scout camp
Brownsea Island Scout camp is a historic Scout campsite on Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour in southern England, which was the site of Robert Baden-Powell's 1907 experimental camp for boys to test ideas for his book Scouting for Boys, which led to the rapid growth of the Scout movement. Boys from different social backgrounds participated from 1 to 8 August 1907 in activities around camping, observation, woodcraft, chivalry, lifesaving and patriotism.

Boy Scout camped on the island until the early 1930s. In 1963, a formal 50-acre (20 ha) Scout campsite was created after the island became a nature conservation area owned by the National Trust. In 1973, a Scout Jamboree with six hundred Scouts was held on the island. On 1 August 2007, a centenary of Scouting event, including four Scout camps and a Sunrise Ceremony, took place at the Brownsea Island Scout camp on the 100th anniversary of the start of the experimental encampment.
Eremophila behriana
Eremophila behriana is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It was one of the plants collected on the 1858 - 1859 Babbage expedition to explore areas north of Adelaide and was later described by Ferdinand von Mueller. It is a small shrub, usually with egg-shaped, serrated leaves and lilac to purple flowers with hairs on the lower petal lobe.

Benjamin Herschel Babbage
Benjamin Herschel Babbage (6 August 1815 – 22 October 1878) was an English engineer, scientist, explorer and politician, best known for his work in the colony of South Australia. He invariably signed his name "B. Herschel Babbage" and was frequently referred to as "Herschel Babbage". He was the son of English mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage.
Granwald Scott
Granwald Warren Scott (born 28 November 1987 in Kensington-Factreton, Cape Town, South Africa) is a South African former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He began his youth career with Kensington AFC before joining the Ajax Cape Town  Youth Academy, where he later turned professional at the age of 16.

Over his career, Scott played for several clubs including Ajax Cape Town, SK Slovan Bratislava (Slovakia), Bidvest Wits FC, Stellenbosch FC, and Cape Town Spurs.

He won multiple domestic trophies, including the Premier Soccer League title, Telkom Knockout, MTN 8, and Nedbank Cup, and featured in CAF and UEFA competitions.

Following his professional playing career, Scott became involved in youth development and coaching. He works as a youth coach in Cape Town, training players across schools, local clubs, and with Coerver® Coaching Western Cape, an international coaching program focused on technical player development.

Stellenbosch F.C.
Stellenbosch Football Club is a professional football club based in Stellenbosch, South Africa. Founded in 2016 following the relocation of Vasco da Gama FC to Stellenbosch, the club is the first Premier Soccer League team from the Cape Winelands region and was promoted to the South African Premiership in 2019. The first team plays its home matches at the Danie Craven Stadium.

Domestically, the club has won the National First Division in 2019, earning promotion to the top-flight for the first time in the process, and the 2023 Carling Knockout Cup, which saw the team become the inaugural champions of the revamped competition. Stellenbosch have also twice competed in the continental CAF Confederation Cup and reached the semi-final stage of the competition in the club's first appearance during the 2024-25 season.
Maine State Route 32
State Route 32 (abbreviated SR 32) is part of Maine's system of numbered state highways, located in the southern coastal part of the state.  It runs 58.39 miles (93.97 km) from an intersection with SR 130 in Bristol north to Windsor where it ends at U.S. Route 202 (US 202), SR 100, and SR 137 Business.

U.S. Route 202
U.S. Route 202 (US 202) is a spur route of US 2. It follows a northeasterly and southwesterly direction stretching from Delaware in the south to Maine in the north and traveling through the states of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. The highway has borne the number 202 since at least 1936. Before this, sections of the highway were designated U.S. Route 122, as it intersected US 22 in New Jersey. It ends at I-395, SR 9, and SR 15 in Bangor, Maine.

This highway is considerably longer than the eastern segment of US 2 (although considerably shorter than the combined segments of US 2), making it one of several three-digit U.S. highways to be longer than their parent routes.
Diocese of Metz
The Diocese of Metz (Latin: Dioecesis Metensis; French: Diocèse de Metz) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. In the Middle Ages it was a prince-bishopric of the Holy Roman Empire, a de facto independent state ruled by the prince-bishop who had the ex officio title of count. It was annexed to France by King Henry II in 1552; this was recognized by the Holy Roman Empire in the Peace of Westphalia of 1648. It formed part of the province of the Three Bishoprics. Since 1801 the Metz diocese has been a public-law corporation of cult (French: établissement public du culte). The diocese is presently exempt directly to the Holy See.

Exemption (Catholic canon law)
In the Catholic Church, an exemption is the full or partial release of an ecclesiastical person, corporation, or institution from the authority of the ecclesiastical superior next higher in rank. For example, the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg, and the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem are exempt, being directly subject to the Holy See.

See exempt dioceses for a list of exempt entities.
Bert Piggott
Bert Cody Piggott Sr. (Pronounced: PIG-et) (March 5, 1920 – January 10, 1999) was an American football player and coach. He played college football at the University of Illinois, where he was a member of that school's victorious 1947 Rose Bowl team, going on to play one year as a halfback for the Los Angeles Dons of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC).

Piggott later served as the head football coach at North Carolina A&T University from 1957 to 1967, before being made athletic director and head of the school's physical education department.

1947 Rose Bowl
The 1947 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game, the 33rd edition of the Rose Bowl Game. The Illinois Fighting Illini defeated the UCLA Bruins, 45–14. Illinois halfbacks Buddy Young and Jules Rykovich shared the Player of the Game award, named when the award was created in 1953 and selections were made retroactively.

This was the first Rose Bowl game that featured teams from the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) and the Big Nine Conference (now the Big Ten). It is known as the first "modern" Rose Bowl, and modern Rose Bowl records date to this game. The conference tie-ins were defined by the terms of an exclusive five-year agreement. The agreement was renegotiated with the newly formed Athletic Association of Western Universities (AAWU; later known as the Pacific-8, Pacific-10, and Pac-12) following the disbandment of the PCC in mid-1959. The agreement remained in place until the 1999 Rose Bowl, when the Rose Bowl became part of the Bowl Championship Series.
Qamar al-din
Qamar al-din (Arabic: قمر الدين, lit. 'Moon of the Faith') is an apricot fruit leather used to make  apricot juice or a nectar beverage often consumed during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. It is specifically mentioned in a 13th-century Levantine recipe. It originates from  what is now Syria, and was first produced in the Ghouta, where the variety of apricots most suitable for qamar al-din was first grown. Qamar al-din is used across the Middle East and North Africa and Somalia, though Syrian qamar al-din is still believed to be the best because the variety of apricots most suitable for making qamar al-din grows only in Syria and southwestern Turkey.

Dried fruit
Dried fruit is fruit from which the majority of the original water content has been removed prior to cooking or being eaten on its own. Drying may occur either naturally, by sun, through the use of industrial dehydrators, or by freeze drying. Dried fruit has a long tradition of use dating to the fourth millennium BC in Mesopotamia, and is valued for its sweet taste, nutritional content, and long shelf life.

In the 21st century, dried fruit consumption is widespread worldwide. Nearly half of dried fruits sold are raisins, followed by dates, prunes, figs, apricots, peaches, apples, and pears. These are referred to as "conventional" or "traditional" dried fruits: fruits that have been dried in the sun or in commercial dryers. Many fruits, such as cranberries, blueberries, cherries, strawberries, and mango are infused with a sweetener (e.g., sucrose syrup) prior to drying. Some products sold as dried fruit, like papaya, kiwifruit and pineapple, are most often candied fruit.
Mitchell Lake (Ontario)
Mitchell Lake is a small, artificial lake in the Great Lakes Basin and located in the city of Kawartha Lakes in Central Ontario, Canada. The lake was formed sometime in the first decade of the twentieth century alongside the construction of the Kirkfield Lift Lock, which was completed and operational by the end of 1907. It is part of the summit of the Trent–Severn Waterway, the middle of a connection via canals of Balsam Lake on the Gull River system, which flows eventually to Lake Ontario, and the Kirkfield Lift Lock and Canal Lake on the Talbot River system, which flows to Lake Simcoe and eventually to Lake Huron.

Kawartha Lakes
Kawartha Lakes (2021 population: 79,247) is a single-tier municipality in Central Ontario, Canada. Though structured as a single-tier municipality, Kawartha Lakes is the size of a typical Ontario county and is mostly rural. It is the second largest single-tier municipality in Ontario by land area (after Greater Sudbury).

The main population centres are the communities of Lindsay (population: 22,367), Bobcaygeon (population: 3,576), Fenelon Falls (population: 2,490), Omemee (population: 1,060) and Woodville (population: 718).
U Sports women's ice hockey
U Sports women's ice hockey is the highest level of play of women's ice hockey at the university level under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Women's ice hockey has been played in U Sports since the 1997-98 season, when the governing body was known as the Canadian Interuniversity Athletics Union, following a long stint of teams only competing in the OUA. There are 35 teams, all of which are based in Canada, that are divided into four conferences that are eligible to compete for the year-end championship. As these players compete at the university level, they are obligated to follow the rule of standard eligibility of five years.

Ontario University Athletics
Ontario University Athletics (OUA; French: Sports universitaires de l'Ontario) is a regional membership association for Canadian universities which assists in co-ordinating competition between their university level athletic programs and providing contact information, schedules, results, and releases about those programs and events to the public and the media.  This is similar to what would be called a college athletic conference in the United States. OUA, which covers Ontario, is one of four such bodies that are members of the country's governing body for university athletics, U Sports. The other three regional associations coordinating university-level sports in Canada are Atlantic University Sport (AUS), the Canada West Universities Athletic Association (CW), and Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ).

OUA came into being in 1997 with the merger of the Ontario Universities Athletics Association and the Ontario Women's Intercollegiate Athletics Association.
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced by cells in the pars intermedia of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Synthetic analogues of α-MSH, such as afamelanotide (melanotan I; Scenesse), melanotan II, and bremelanotide (PT-141), have been developed and researched.

Afamelanotide
Afamelanotide, sold under the brand name Scenesse, is a medication used to prevent phototoxicity and to reduce pain from light exposure for people with erythropoietic protoporphyria. It is a melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1 receptor) agonist and a synthetic peptide and analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone. It is administered as subcutaneous implant.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.
Thomas Axford
Thomas Leslie "Jack" Axford, VC, MM (18 June 1894 – 11 October 1983) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Netherlands lunar sample displays
The  Netherlands lunar sample displays  are two commemorative plaques consisting of small fragments of Moon specimens brought back with the Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 Moon missions and given to the people of the Netherlands by President Richard Nixon as goodwill gifts.

Moon rock
Moon rock or lunar rock is rock originating from Earth's Moon. This includes lunar material collected during the course of human exploration of the Moon, and rock that has been ejected naturally from the Moon's surface and landed on Earth as lunar meteorites.
Snug and Cozi
Snug and Cozi is a children's slapstick comedy series that aired on the British television station ITV from 1 November 1996 to 2 October 1997. The series broadcast 13 episodes and was produced by Scottish Television Enterprises.

Martyn Day directed the first series and Haldane Duncan directed the second series.

Slapstick
Slapstick is a style of humor involving exaggerated physical activity that exceeds the boundaries of normal physical comedy. Slapstick may involve both intentional violence and violence by mishap, often resulting from physical abuse and/or inept use of props such as saws and ladders.

The term arises from a device developed for use in the broad, physical comedy style known as commedia dell'arte in 16th-century Italy. The "slap stick" consists of two thin slats of wood, which makes a "slap" when striking another actor, with little force needed to make a loud—and comical—sound. The physical slap stick remains a key component of the plot in the traditional and popular Punch and Judy puppet show. More contemporary examples of slapstick humor include The Three Stooges, The Naked Gun and Mr. Bean.
Vankor Field
The Vankor Field (Ванкорское нефтегазовое месторождение) is an oil and gas field in Russia, located 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Igarka in the Turukhansk District of Krasnoyarsk Krai in Eastern Siberia, close to the border with Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Its estimated reserves are 520 million metric tons of oil and 95 billion cubic meters of natural gas. Production was launched in August, 2009. The field is operated by Russian national oil company Rosneft through its subsidiary Vankorneft.

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: Яма́ло-Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг, romanized: Yamalo-Nenetsky avtonomny okrug; Nenets: Ямалы-Ненёцие автономной ӈокрук, romanized: Jamaly-Nenjocije awtonomnoj ŋokruk) also known as Yamalia (Russian: Ямалия) is a federal subject of Russia and an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Salekhard, and its largest city is Novy Urengoy. The 2021 Russian Census recorded its population as 510,490.

The autonomous okrug borders Krasnoyarsk Krai to the east, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug to the south, and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Komi Republic to the west.
Tarryl Clark
Tarryl Lynn Clark (born July 31, 1961) is an American activist, attorney, politician and a former member of the Minnesota Senate. A Democrat, she represented District 15, including portions of Benton, Sherburne, and Stearns counties, from 2006 to 2011. She was a Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party nominee for United States Congress in 2010, unsuccessfully challenging incumbent Republican Michele Bachmann.

In 2011, Clark sought the Democratic nomination to challenge Republican congressman Chip Cravaack in Minnesota's 8th congressional district, but lost the endorsement to Rick Nolan, who went on to win the August 2012 primary.

Minnesota's 8th congressional district
Minnesota's 8th congressional district covers the northeastern part of Minnesota. It is anchored by Duluth, the state's fifth-largest city. It also includes most of the Mesabi & Vermilion iron ranges, and the Boundary Waters Canoe Area in the Superior National Forest. The district has robust mining, agriculture, tourism, and shipping industries.

The district is currently represented by Republican Pete Stauber.
Nasser Zarafshan
Nasser Zarafshan (Persian: ناصر زرافشان; born 1946) is an Iranian writer, translator, and attorney.  He is known for having been arrested while acting as the legal envoy of two of the families of dissident Iranian writers who were assassinated in November 1998 in what came to be known in Iran as the "Chain Murders" or "serial murders" case. The arrest was widely condemned by human rights groups. It is reported that Zarafshan had been tremendously critical of the shortcomings in the official examination into these killings. In 2002 he was sentenced to five years imprisonment and was released from prison in March 2007.

Mohammad-Ja'far Pouyandeh
Mohammad Jafar Pouyandeh (also spelled Mohammad-Jafar Pooyandeh or Mohammad Jafar Poyandeh, Persian: محمدجعفر پوینده) (7 June 1954 – 8 or 9 December 1998) was an Iranian writer, translator and activist. He was a member of the Iranian Writers Association, a group who had been long banned in Iran due to their objection to censorship and encouraged freedom of expression. He was murdered during the Chain murders of Iran in 1998.
2009 Western Athletic Conference football season
The 2009 Western Athletic Conference (WAC) football season was an NCAA football season played from September 3, 2009, to January 4, 2010. The Western Athletic Conference consists of 9 members: Boise State, Fresno State, Hawai'i, Idaho, Louisiana Tech, Nevada, New Mexico State, San Jose State, and Utah State. Boise State won the 2009 WAC title going 13–0, 8–0 in conference and were invited to play in the Fiesta Bowl, in which they defeated previously unbeaten TCU. Nevada, Fresno State, and Idaho also played in bowl games, the Hawaiʻi Bowl, New Mexico Bowl, and Humanitarian Bowl, respectively. Nevada lost to SMU and Fresno State lost to Wyoming, while Idaho beat Bowling Green.

2009 Hawaii Warriors football team
The 2009 Hawaii Warriors football team represented the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa as a member of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) during the 2009 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by second-year head coach Greg McMackin, the Warriors compiled an overall record of 6–7 with a mark of 3–5 in conference play, placing in a three-way tie for fifth in the WAC. Hawaii played home games at Aloha Stadium in Halawa, Hawaii.