hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Body force
In physics, a body force is a force that acts throughout the volume of a body. Forces due to gravity, electric fields and magnetic fields are examples of body forces. Body forces contrast with contact forces or surface forces which are exerted to the surface of an object.
Fictitious forces such as the centrifugal force, Euler force, and the Coriolis effect are other examples of body forces.

Centrifugal force
In Newtonian mechanics, a centrifugal force is a kind of fictitious force (or inertial force) that appears to act on all objects when viewed in a rotating frame of reference. It appears to be directed perpendicularly from the axis of rotation of the frame. The magnitude of the centrifugal force F on an object of mass m at the perpendicular distance ρ from the axis of a rotating frame of reference with angular velocity ω is .

The concept of centrifugal force simplifies the analysis of rotating devices by adopting a co-rotating frame of reference, such as in centrifuges, centrifugal pumps, centrifugal governors, and centrifugal clutches, and in centrifugal railways, planetary orbits and banked curves. 
The same centrifugal effect observed on rotating devices can be analyzed in an inertial reference frame as a consequence of inertia and the physical forces without invoking a centrifugal force.
Yasir Mohammad
Yasir Saeed Mohammad (born October 10, 2002) is an American cricketer, who plays as a bowler for the United States national cricket team. He also plays for the Manhattan Yorkers in Minor League Cricket.

Minor League Cricket
Minor League Cricket (MiLC) is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in the United States that serves as the developmental league for Major League Cricket (MLC). The league comprises 26 teams, divided between the Atlantic Conference and the Pacific Conference. Beginning play in 2021, the Silicon Valley Strikers won the inaugural tournament. Due to financial issues and general public disinterest, the 2024 season was shortened to eight matches per side, taking place in the fall, and was won by the Chicago Kingsmen. The league’s title sponsor is YASH Technologies, having previously been Sunoco and Toyota.
Silica (video game)
Silica is a 2023 science fiction real-time strategy shooter video game developed by Martin "Dram" Melichárek and published by Bohemia Interactive, released for Microsoft Windows in early access exclusively through the Steam distribution platform. Set in the 24th century on the exoplanet Baltarus, Silica follows a three-sided resource war over Balterium, a valuable mineral capable of power manipulation. The game features a hybrid of shooter gameplay and strategy gameplay, with both modes accessible based on the player's role in their faction.

Silica originated as a mod for Emperor: Battle for Dune before being picked up by Bohemia Incubator in 2020. The game was released in early access on 3 May 2023. It received mixed reviews, but many reviewers deemed the game promising.

Emperor: Battle for Dune
Emperor: Battle for Dune is a real-time strategy video game, released by Westwood Studios in June 2001. It is based in Frank Herbert's science fiction Dune universe. It follows its predecessors, Dune II and Dune 2000. While Dune II was a distinct story to that of Dune, and Dune 2000 was a remake of Dune II, Emperor: Battle for Dune is a direct sequel to the previous games. In particular, it is a sequel to Dune 2000, carrying on from where it left off, with several of the characters and actors returning. Like Dune 2000 and many of the other Westwood games that came before it, Emperor features Full Motion Video cut scenes filmed with actors.
Shao Shuai (footballer, born 1997)
Shao Shuai (simplified Chinese: 邵帅; traditional Chinese: 邵帥; pinyin: Shào Shuài; born 10 March 1997) is a Chinese footballer currently playing as a defender in China League One for Jiangxi Dingnan United.

Jiangxi Dingnan United F.C.
Jiangxi Dingnan United Football Club (simplified Chinese: 定南赣联足球俱乐部; traditional Chinese: 定南贛聯足球俱樂部; pinyin: Dìngnán Gànlián Zúqiú Jùlèbù) is a Chinese professional football club based in Dingnan, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, that competes in China League One, the second tier of Chinese football. Jiangxi Dingnan United plays its home matches at the Dingnan Youth Football Training Center, located within Dingnan County, groundsharing with Ganzhou Ruishi. Having acquired China League Two club Anhui Litian in December 2015, the club moved to Harbin, Heilongjiang, and changed their name to Heilongjiang Lava Spring Football Club. In 2021, the club changed their name to Heilongjiang Ice City Football Club, before moving to Dingnan County, Jiangxi in February 2025 and changing to its current name.
Binnya Kyan of Martaban
Binnya Kyan (Mon: ဗညာကေန်; Burmese: ဗညားကျန်း, Burmese pronunciation: [bəɲá dʑáɴ]; also spelled Banya Kyan or Binya Keng; c. 1395 – 1442/43) was viceroy of Martaban from 1422 to 1442/43. A son of King Razadarit (r. 1384–1421), Kyan was also governor of Dala from 1414 to 1422, with the title of Binnya Dala.

The prince fought in the Forty Years' War against the northern Ava Kingdom between 1413 and 1418. However, after his father's death in 1421, he sought Ava's assistance during the subsequent power struggle with his elder brothers Binnya Dhammaraza and Binnya Ran. He quickly soured on the plundering Ava forces, reached a power sharing deal with his brothers, and drove back the invaders. He subsequently became viceroy of the province of Martaban where he exercised considerable autonomy. He died in 1442 (or 1443) and was succeeded by his sister.

Forty Years' War
The Forty Years' War (Burmese: အနှစ်လေးဆယ်စစ်; 1385 – 1423; also Ava–Pegu War or the Mon–Burmese War) was a military war fought between the Burmese-speaking Kingdom of Ava and the Mon-speaking Kingdom of Hanthawaddy. The war was fought during two separate periods: 1385 to 1391, and 1401 to 1424, interrupted by two truces of 1391–1401 and 1403–1408. It was fought primarily in today's Lower Burma and also in Upper Burma, Shan State, and Rakhine State. It ended in a stalemate, preserving the independence of Hanthawaddy, and effectively ending Ava's efforts to rebuild the erstwhile Pagan Kingdom.
Ceruminous adenocarcinoma
Ceruminous adenocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm derived from ceruminous glands of the external auditory canal. This tumor is rare, with several names used in the past. Synonyms have included cylindroma, ceruminoma, ceruminous adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS), ceruminous adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), and ceruminous mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Ear canal
The ear canal (external acoustic meatus, external auditory meatus, EAM) is a pathway running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear canal extends from the auricle to the eardrum and is about 2.5 centimetres (1 in) in length and 0.7 centimetres (0.3 in) in diameter.
Uyvar Eyalet
Uyvar Eyalet (Ottoman Turkish: ایالت اویوار; Eyālet-i Uyvar) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.

It was established during the reign of Mehmed IV. In 1663, an Ottoman expeditionary force, led by Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed, defeated the Habsburg Monarchy's garrison of the city of Uyvar (today known as Nové Zámky, Slovakia) and conquered the region. In 1664, they lost the northern part along with the fortresses Hlohovec, Nitra and Levice. The Peace of Vasvár recognised Ottoman control over the remaining part of the eyalet. It was returned to Austria after the signing of the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699.

Residents of Uyvar paid 50 Akçe per head for Jizya as compared to the standard rate of one gold ducat (equivalent in the period to around 200 Akçe). The province paid a yearly sum of 1,090,150 Akçe to the treasury by 20,183 non-Muslim Jizya payers, amounting to 50 Akçe per head.

Nitra
Nitra (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈɲitra] ⓘ; also known by other alternative names) is a city in southwestern Slovakia, situated at the foot of the Zobor Mountain in the Nitra River Valley about 90 km (56 mi) northeast of the country's capital, Bratislava. With a population of about 78,353, it is the fifth-largest city in Slovakia. Nitra stands on varied terrain, which features both rolling hills and vast plains, particularly to the south. Nitra is one of the oldest cities in Slovakia. It was the center of the Principality of Nitra, a duchy of great historic significance. Today, the city serves as the administrative center of Nitra Region (kraj) and Nitra District (okres). Nitra is the agricultural capital of Slovakia due to its long tradition of farming, favorable climate, and geography.
Joseph Canto d'Irles
Joseph Franz Canto d'Irles or Canto d'Yrlès (29 March 1726 – 11 April 1797) was an Austrian general officer who led his troops against Napoleon Bonaparte's French army during the Siege of Mantua in 1796–1797. He joined the Austrian army as a teenager and fought in the Seven Years' War. He was promoted to Colonel (Oberst) during the War of the Bavarian Succession and to Generalmajor during the Austro-Turkish War. He was promoted to Feldmarschall-Leutnant in 1795 and assigned to command the fortress of Mantua in Italy. For successfully defending the fortress for two months, he received the Commander's Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa in August 1796. He was superseded in command during the later part of the siege and died two months after the fortress surrendered in February 1797.

Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)
The Austro-Turkish War, also known as the Habsburg–Ottoman War, was fought from 1788 to 1791, between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. During the conflict, Habsburg armies succeeded in taking Belgrade (1789) and liberating much of central Serbia, also capturing several forts in central Croatia and in the Pounje region of the Ottoman Bosnia. Much of those gains were lost in the later stages of the war, that ended by the Treaty of Sistova (1791), with minor territorial changes in favor of the Habsburg side. The war was fought concomitantly with the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792).
Barásoain
Barásoain is a town and municipality in the autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain, within the historical lands of the Basque Country (greater region). located approximately 25 km south of Pamplona, the provincial capital. As of 2019 the population stood at 621. Nordex has a production facility of nacelles.

Nacelle
A nacelle (/nəˈsɛl/ nə-SEL) is a streamlined container for aircraft parts such as engines, fuel or equipment. When attached entirely outside the airframe, it is sometimes called a pod, in which case it is attached with a pylon or strut and the engine is known as a podded engine. In some cases—for instance in the typical "Farman" type "pusher" aircraft, or the World War II-era P-38 Lightning or SAAB J21—an aircraft cockpit may also be housed in a nacelle, rather than in a conventional fuselage.
Martyn Roberts
Martyn Roberts (born 1965 or 1966) is a New Zealand lighting and set designer and photographer, and founder of the arts collective afterburner theatre productions. Roberts has won 14 theatre awards. The afterburner production Dark Matter, conceived and created by Roberts won Best of Fringe at the 2017 NZ Fringe Festival Awards.

New Zealand Fringe Festival
The New Zealand Fringe Festival is an open access arts festival in Wellington, New Zealand, held over several weeks in February and March each year. The 2025 programme marks the festival's 35th anniversary.
Suphisellus semipunctatus
Suphisellus semipunctatus, formerly Pronoterus semipunctatus, is a species of burrowing water beetle in the family Noteridae. It is found in the eastern half of the United States, west to Texas and Michigan.

Suphisellus semipunctatus measure 2.3–2.6 mm (0.091–0.102 in) in length.

Noteridae
Noteridae is a family of adephagan water beetles closely related to the Dytiscidae, and formerly classified with them. They are mainly distinguished by the presence of a distinctive "noterid platform" underneath, in the form of a plate between the second and third pair of legs. The family is found worldwide, more commonly in the tropics. They are sometimes referred to as burrowing water beetles.

These beetles are relatively small, ranging from 1 to 6 mm, with smooth oval bodies ranging from light brown to a darker reddish brown. The head is short and somewhat covered by the prothorax.

Both adults and larvae are aquatic, and are commonly found around plants. They have a habit of burrowing through pond and marsh substrate, thus the common name, and are primarily carnivorous, with some scavenging observed.
Melina Kibbe
Melina R. Kibbe is an American clinician and researcher in the field of vascular surgery. She is the seventh president of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. She previously served as Dean of the University of Virginia School of Medicine.

Prior to her appointment at Virginia, she held the Colin G. Thomas Jr. Distinguished Professorship and Chair of the Department of Surgery at UNC School of Medicine. Faculty of UVA declared no confidence in Melina Kibbe, alleging ignored and suppressed reports of misconduct. Kibbe is also the editor-in-chief for the journal JAMA Surgery and past president for the Association for Academic Surgery, Midwestern Vascular Surgical Society, and the Association of VA Surgeons. Kibbe's research interests focus on nitric oxide vascular biology and the development of novel and innovative nitric oxide-based therapies for patients with vascular disease.

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) is a public academic health science center in Houston, Texas, United States.  It was created in 1972 by The University of Texas System Board of Regents. It is located in the Texas Medical Center, the largest medical center in the world. It is composed of six schools:

McGovern Medical School

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

UTHealth School of Dentistry

Cizik School of Nursing

D. Bradley McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics

UTHealth School of Public Health.
Ion Creangă House
The Memorial House of Ion Creangă is a Historic Monument located in Humulești, Romania. The building was the home of Romanian writer Ion Creangă in the latter's childhood from his birth in 1837 until 1855.

The dating of the house as indicated in the National Register of Historic Monuments in Romania (LMI) is 1833, it being located on Ion Creangă Street no. 8. Ion Creangă lived here permanently from his birth in 1837 until 1846, then intermittently until 1855. The memorial house-museum is featured on the List of Historical Monuments in Neamț County since 2004.

National Register of Historic Monuments in Romania
The National Register of Historic Monuments (Romanian: Lista Monumentelor Istorice (LMI)) is the official English name of the Romania government's list of national heritage sites known as Monumente istorice. In Romania, these include sites, buildings, structures, and objects considered worthy of preservation due to the importance of their Romanian cultural heritage. The list, created in 2004, contains places that have been designated by the Ministry of Culture and National Patrimony of Romania and are maintained by the Romanian National Institute of Historical Monuments, as being of national historic significance.
Yulia Belokobylskaya
Yulia Yurievna Belokobylskaya (Russian: Ю́лия Ю́рьевна Белокобы́льская; born 14 December 1995) is a Russian former artistic gymnast. She is the 2011 Russian champion and European bronze medalist on the floor exercise. She also won a silver medal with the Russian team at the 2011 World Championships.

2011 European Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 4th Individual European Artistic Gymnastics Championships for both Men and Women was held in Berlin, Germany from 4 April 2011 until 10 April 2011. The event was held at the Max-Schmeling-Halle. 157 male gymnasts from 39 countries with and 86 female gymnasts from 32 countries participated.
Tatta, Tank
Tatta is an administrative unit, known as Union council, of Tank District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

District Tank has 1 Tehsils i.e. Tank. Each tehsil comprises certain numbers of union councils. There are 16 union councils in district Tank.

Tank District
Tank District (Pashto: ټانک ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع ٹانک ṭāṅk; Saraiki: ٹاک ṭāk) is a district in the Dera Ismail Khan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

The city of Tank is the headquarter of the district, which consists of Union Council City I and Union Council City II. There are sixteen Union councils in the district Tank. Until 1992, Tank was a tehsil within Dera Ismail Khan district.: 1  Tank is bordered with the district of Lakki Marwat in the northeast, Dera Ismail Khan in the east, FR Tank in the north and the South Waziristan district in the west. The temperature of Tank reaches 110–120 °F in summer. However, in the winter, it is normal. People of the mountainous regions of the west usually come to Tank to avoid cold weather and then return during the summer.
Diane Orentlicher
Diane Orentlicher (/ˌɔːrəntˈlɪkər/ OR-ənt-LIK-ər) is a professor of international law at American University's Washington College of Law in Washington, D.C., and serves as Co-Faculty Director of its Center on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law. In the mid-1990s, she founded the law school's War Crimes Research Office, which provides legal analysis in support of international and transitional justice initiatives.

American University Washington College of Law
The American University Washington College of Law (AUWCL or WCL) is the law school of American University, a private research university in Washington, D.C., United States. It is accredited by the American Bar Association.

Begun in 1896, the college was the first law school founded by women, the first with a female dean, and the first to graduate an all-female class.
Great Synagogue of Baghdad
The Great Synagogue of Baghdad (Arabic: كنيس بغداد العظيم), also known as the Shaf ve’Yativ Synagogue or Shad veYativ Synagogue is a former synagogue, located in Baghdad, Iraq. Rebuilt several times, the building now serves as a Jewish museum.

The building is traditionally believed to stand on the site of an ancient synagogue built by King Jeconiah, who was exiled from the Land of Israel to Babylon in 597 BCE. It is said that material gathered from the ruins of the Temple in Jerusalem was used in its construction. The ancient synagogue is reputed to accommodate approximately 20,000 worshippers, while the current former synagogue and museum building is one eighth in size of the original building.

Jeconiah
Jeconiah (Biblical Hebrew: יְכָנְיָה, romanized: Yəḵonəyā [jəxonjɔː] meaning "Yahweh has established"; Greek: Ἰεχονίας; Latin: Iechonias, Jechonias), also known as Coniah and as Jehoiachin (יְהוֹיָכִין Yəhoyāḵin [jəhoːjɔːˈxiːn]; Latin: Ioachin, Joachin), was the nineteenth and penultimate king of Judah who was dethroned by the King of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II in the 6th century BCE and was taken into captivity. He was the son and successor of King Jehoiakim, and the grandson of King Josiah. Most of what is known about Jeconiah is found in the Hebrew Bible. Records of Jeconiah's existence have been found in Iraq, such as the Jehoiachin's Rations Tablets. These tablets were excavated near the Ishtar Gate in Babylon and dated to c. 592 BCE. Written in cuneiform, they mention Jeconiah (Akkadian: 𒅀𒀪𒌑𒆠𒉡}, romanized: Yaʾukinu [ia-ʾ-ú-ki-nu]) and his five sons as recipients of food rations in Babylon.
Lego Produktions AG Schweiz
Lego Produktions AG Schweiz was a major producer in Baar (ZG), Switzerland for the Lego toy company, from 1974 to 2004. At the time its closing was announced in 2001, 30% of the world production of Lego was produced at the Baar facility. The Baar facility eventually closed in 2004 and Lego's remaining Swiss production facilities closed in 2005.

The Lego Group
Lego Systems A/S, also known as the Lego Group (stylised as the LEGO Group), is a Danish construction toy manufacturer and media company based in Billund. It manufactures Lego-branded toys, consisting mostly of interlocking acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic and rubber bricks. The Lego Group has also built several amusement parks around the world, each known as Legoland, and operates numerous retail stores.

The name Lego is derived from the Danish phrase leg godt, meaning "play well".

The company was founded in 1932 by Ole Kirk Christiansen. In the first half of 2015, the Lego Group became the world's largest toy company by revenue, with sales amounting to US$2.1 billion, surpassing Mattel, which had US$1.9 billion in sales. As of 2025, the company is owned by the Kristiansen family via their family office, investment firm Kirkbi.
Port William, Dumfries and Galloway
Port William (Scottish Gaelic: Cill na Tràghad) is a fishing village in the parish of Mochrum in the historical county of Wigtownshire, Dumfries and Galloway, in Scotland with a population of approximately 460.

Port William has a post office and small general store, a takeaway, a restaurant, a community charity shop and a couple of other stores. Beyond Port William, the nearest shopping is in Whithorn, whilst the nearest supermarkets are in Newton Stewart.

Monreith House, a category A listed Georgian mansion is located 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the village.

Whithorn
Whithorn (Scots pronunciation: [ˈʍɪthorn]; Scottish Gaelic: Taigh Mhàrtainn), is a royal burgh in the historic county of Wigtownshire in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, about 10 miles (16 kilometres) south of Wigtown. The town was the location of the first recorded Christian church in Scotland, Candida Casa "White/Shining House", built by Saint Ninian about 397 CE.
1920 United States Senate election in Iowa
The 1920 United States Senate election in Iowa was held on November 2, 1920. Incumbent Senator Albert B. Cummins was re-elected to a third term in office, defeating challenges from Smith W. Brookhart in the Republican primary and Claude R. Porter in the general election.

Claude R. Porter
Claude Rodman Porter (July 8, 1872 – August 17, 1946) was an American politician and lawyer. He served in both chambers of the Iowa General Assembly and as a United States Attorney, and was a perennial Democratic Party runner-up to Republican victors in three races for governor of Iowa and six races for U.S. senator. In an era in which the Republican Party was so dominant in Iowa that Senator Jonathan P. Dolliver remarked that "Iowa will go Democratic when Hell goes Methodist," Porter twice came closer to winning the governorship than all but one other Democratic candidate of that era. He later served as a member of the U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission for eighteen years.
Joseph Chen
Joseph Chen (Chinese: 陳永豐; pinyin: Chén Yǒngfēng; Wade–Giles: Chen2 Yung3-fung1; born 1952) is a Taiwanese politician who was the Political Deputy Minister of Culture from February 2015 until May 2016.

Ministry of Culture (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Culture (MOC; Chinese: 文化部; pinyin: Wénhùabù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bûn-hòa pō͘) is the ministry of the Republic of China (Taiwan) that promotes cultural and creative industries. The ministry also maintains the National Repository of Cultural Heritage.
Peont
Peont is a village  and a Panchayat at Nissing tehsil in Karnal district in the Indian state of Haryana. It comes under Chirao block. The village is located about 22 km from Karnal on Assandh road National Highway  709A. It is well connected to Jundla via Assandh road 9 km & Gondar road 11 km Pacca khera road 6 km

Gondar
Gondar, also spelled Gonder (Amharic: ጎንደር, Gonder or Gondär; formerly ጐንደር, Gʷandar or Gʷender), is a city and woreda in Ethiopia. Located in the North Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, Gondar is north of Lake Tana on the Lesser Angereb River and southwest of the Simien Mountains. As of 2021, Gondar has an estimated population of 443,156.

Gondar previously served as the capital of both the Ethiopian Empire and the subsequent Begemder Province. The city holds the remains of several royal castles, including those in the Fasil Ghebbi UNESCO World Heritage Site for which Gondar has been called the "Camelot of Africa".