hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Air medical services
Air medical services are the use of aircraft, including both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters to provide various kinds of urgent medical care, especially prehospital, emergency and critical care to patients during aeromedical evacuation and rescue operations.

Fixed-wing aircraft
A fixed-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft, such as an airplane, which is capable of flight using aerodynamic lift. Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from rotary-wing aircraft (in which a rotor mounted on a spinning shaft generates lift), and ornithopters (in which the wings oscillate to generate lift). The wings of a fixed-wing aircraft are not necessarily rigid; kites, hang gliders, variable-sweep wing aircraft, and airplanes that use wing morphing are all classified as fixed wing.

Gliding fixed-wing aircraft, including free-flying gliders and tethered kites, can use moving air to gain altitude. Powered fixed-wing aircraft (airplanes) that gain forward thrust from an engine include powered paragliders, powered hang gliders and ground effect vehicles. Most fixed-wing aircraft are operated by a pilot, but some are unmanned or controlled remotely or are completely autonomous (no remote pilot).
Henryk Iwaniec
Henryk Iwaniec (born October 9, 1947) is a Polish-American mathematician and a professor at Rutgers University since 1987. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences. He has made important contributions to analytic and algebraic number theory as well as harmonic analysis. He is the recipient of Cole Prize (2002), Steele Prize (2011), and Shaw Prize (2015).

Analytic number theory
In mathematics, analytic number theory is a branch of number theory that uses methods from mathematical analysis to solve problems about the integers. It is often said to have begun with Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet's 1837 introduction of Dirichlet L-functions to give the first proof of Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions. It is well known for its results on prime numbers (involving the Prime Number Theorem and Riemann zeta function) and additive number theory (such as the Goldbach conjecture and Waring's problem).
Golihole
Golihole is a village in the Byndoor taluk of Udupi district. Before 2018, the village was part of the Kundrapura taluk. As of 2011, Golihole has a total population of 3479 people consisting of 1918 male and 303 female residents. The village occupies a total area of 4584.40 hecatres with a population density of 0.759 people per hectare. As of 2011, the total literacy rate was 70.37% which was higher than the national average of 59.5%.

As of 2011, Golihole has an employment rate of over 47.63%, 77.01% of whom are employed over 183 days in a year.

Kundapur
Kundapra, officially Kundapura, is a town in the Udupi district of Karnataka state in India. This town was known as Coondapoor when it was part of the erstwhile South Canara district (1862–1947) of the Madras Presidency of British India. Present-day Kundapur is administered by the Kundapur Town Municipal Council and serves as the headquarters of eponymous Kundapur taluk in Udupi district.
History of Bern
The city of Bern is one of the Zähringer foundations of the late 12th century (traditional date 1191). By the end of the 13th century, it had acquired de facto imperial immediacy.
It became a full member of the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1353, and during the 15th century managed to significantly expand its sphere of influence, notably with the conquest of Aargau in 1415. 
With the acquisition of Vaud in 1536, Bern became the most powerful city-republic north of the Alps, and one of the leading Protestant cities in  early modern Switzerland.
The canton of Bern in the Restored Confederacy of 1815 even after the loss of Aargau and Vaud remained the largest Swiss canton, relegated to second rank only with the secession of Jura in 1979.
Since 1848 Bern has served as the federal city (capital) of Switzerland.

Restoration and Regeneration in Switzerland
The periods of Restoration and Regeneration in Swiss history lasted from 1814 to 1847. "Restoration" is the period of 1814 to 1830, the restoration of the Ancien Régime (federalism), reverting the changes imposed by Napoleon Bonaparte on the centralist Helvetic Republic from 1798 and the partial reversion to the old system with the Act of Mediation of 1803. "Regeneration" is the period of 1830 to 1848, when in the wake of the July Revolution the "restored" Ancien Régime was countered by the liberal movement. In the Protestant cantons, the rural population enforced liberal cantonal constitutions, partly in armed marches on the cities. This resulted in a conservative backlash in the Catholic cantons in the 1830s, raising the conflict to the point of civil war by 1847.
Karate at the 2018 South American Games
There were twelve karate events at the 2018 South American Games in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Six for men and six for women. The events were held between May 27 and 29 at the Coliseo Suramericano. The top 2 athletes in each event (minus the host nation Peru, Colombia and Venezuela, whose athletes will qualify through the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games) qualifying them to compete at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru.

2018 Central American and Caribbean Games
The 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games (Spanish: Juegos Deportivos Centroamericanos y del Caribe Barranquilla 2018), also known as the 23rd Central American and Caribbean Games and commonly known as Barranquilla 2018, was the 23rd edition of the Central American and Caribbean Games, a quadrennial sports multi-sport event which was held from 19 July 2018 to 3 August 2018 in Barranquilla, Colombia.
1978 Cannes Film Festival
The 31st Cannes Film Festival took place from 16 to 30 May 1978. American filmmaker Alan J. Pakula served as jury president for the main competition.

Italian filmmaker Ermanno Olmi won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film The Tree of Wooden Clogs.

This festival saw the introduction of a new section, the Un Certain Regard, initially as a non-competitive programme which replaced the Les Yeux Fertiles (1975-1977), L'Air du temps and Le Passé composé sections.

The festival opened with A Hunting Accident by Emil Loteanu, and closed with Fedora by Billy Wilder.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Hansel Enmanuel
Hansel Enmanuel Donato Domínguez, known as Hansel Enmanuel, (born 24 October 2003) is a Dominican college basketball player for the Austin Peay Governors of the Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN). He played high school basketball at Life Christian Academy in Kissimmee, Florida, and committed to play college basketball at Northwestern State, transferring after his freshman season.

Hansel went viral in early 2021 for his flashy dunks, passes, three-pointers and athleticism against top high school talent despite having only one arm due to a childhood incident.

Austin Peay Governors men's basketball
The Austin Peay Governors men's basketball team represents Austin Peay State University in Clarksville, Tennessee. The Governors play in the ASUN Conference starting in 2022–23, following 61 seasons in the Ohio Valley Conference. Austin Peay has qualified for the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament  seven times, most recently in 2016, making the field of 68 by virtue of having won the 2016 Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament. The Governors' head coach is Corey Gipson.

The 2022–23 season was not only Peay's first in the ASUN Conference, but also was its last at  Winfield Dunn Center. After that season, the Governors moved to the new F&M Bank Arena in downtown Clarksville. The new arena was originally intended to open for the 2022–23 season, but was delayed to July 2023.

Historically, the "Governors" nickname applied only to Peay's men's teams; women's teams were known as "Lady Govs". However, since the mid-2010s, all Peay teams have used "Governors".
Lee Williams High School
Lee Williams High School is the second comprehensive high school in the town of Kingman, Arizona, operated by the Kingman Unified School District. It opened on August 9, 2012, a year later than originally planned.

It is named for Richard Lee Williams, a former school principal and firefighter who died while fighting the Doxol disaster in 1973. The school mascot is the Volunteers.

Kingman, Arizona
Kingman is a city in and the county seat of Mohave County, Arizona, United States. It is named after Lewis Kingman, an engineer for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad. The population was 32,693 at the 2020 census.
Damian Müller
Damian Müller (/mullər/; mueller; born 25 October 1984) is a Swiss businessman, consultant and politician. He currently serves as a member of the Council of States (Switzerland) for The Liberals since 2015. In 2023, he is seeking his third term, in the position. He previously served on the Cantonal Council of Lucerne from 2011 to 2015.

Council of States (Switzerland)
The Council of States is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, the other house  being the National Council. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism.

It comprises 46 members. Twenty of the country's cantons are represented by two councillors each. Six cantons, traditionally called "half cantons", are represented by one councillor each for historical reasons. These are Obwalden, Nidwalden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden. The councillors serve for four years, and are not bound in their vote to instructions from the cantonal authorities.
May 1910 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Tuesday, May 24, 1910, with an umbral magnitude of 1.0950. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 2.4 days after apogee (on May 21, 1910, at 18:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This lunar eclipse was the third of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on June 4, 1909; November 27, 1909; and November 17, 1910.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
R. W. Ketton-Cremer
Robert Wyndham Ketton-Cremer, JP, FSA, FRSL, FBA (2 May 1906 – 12 December 1969) was an English landowner, biographer and historian. He bequeathed his family seat, Felbrigg Hall, to the National Trust.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Hermann Gröhe
Gottfried Hermann Gröhe (born 25 February 1961) is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as Minister of Health in the third cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2013 until 2018.

Following his departure from active politics, Gröhe took office as President of the German Red Cross (DRK) in 2025.

Federal Ministry of Health (Germany)
The Federal Ministry of Health (German: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsminɪsˌteːʁiʊm fyːɐ̯ ɡəˈzʊnthaɪt]; abbreviated BMG) is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is the highest German federal government department responsible for health. The ministry is officially located in Bonn and with a second office, which houses the ministry's management, located in Berlin.
Habersham County School District
The Habersham County School District is a public school district in Habersham County, Georgia, United States, based in Clarkesville. It serves the communities of Alto, Baldwin, Clarkesville, Cornelia, Demorest, Mount Airy, Raoul, and Tallulah Falls.

Cornelia, Georgia
Cornelia is a city in Habersham County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, Cornelia had a population of 4,503. It is home to one of the world's largest apple sculptures, which is displayed on top of an obelisk-shaped monument. Cornelia was the retirement home of baseball legend Ty Cobb who was born nearby, and was a base of operation for production of the 1956 Disney film The Great Locomotive Chase that was filmed along the Tallulah Falls Railway that ran from Cornelia northward along the rim of Tallulah Gorge to Franklin, North Carolina.
Gavin Cooper
Gavin Cooper (born 19 August 1985) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played as a second-row for the North Queensland Cowboys, Gold Coast Titans and Penrith Panthers in the NRL.

He started in the second row in the Cowboys' 2015 NRL Grand Final and 2016 World Club Challenge winning sides. Cooper played for Prime Minister's XIII, Queensland in the State of Origin series and the World All Stars side, and played as a centre earlier in his career.

Prime Minister's XIII
Prime Minister's XIII, sometimes informally referred to as the PM's XIII, are a representative rugby league team, comprising Australian players from National Rugby League clubs. Initially, the team was selected from NRL clubs that did not qualify for the NRL finals. Over time this changed to include players whose teams were knocked out during the first two weeks of the finals, with the game played on the same weekend as the preliminary finals, one week prior to the NRL Grand Final. Since 2024, the Prime Minister's XIII game has been played on the weekend after the NRL Grand Final, with players from all clubs, including the Grand Finalists, available for selection.
Not-for-profit arts organization
A not-for-profit arts organization, also known as a nonprofit arts organization, usually takes the form of a not-for-profit organization, nonprofit organization, association, or foundation. Such organizations are formed for the purpose of developing and promoting the work of artists in various visual- and performing-art forms such as film, sculpture, dance, painting, multimedia, poetry, and performance art.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Battle of Taliwa
The Battle of Taliwa was fought in Ball Ground, Georgia, in 1755. The battle was part of a larger campaign of the Cherokee against the Muscogee Creek people, where a contingent of 500 Cherokee warriors led by war chief Oconostota defeated the Muscogee Creek people and pushed them south from their northern Georgia homelands, allowing the Cherokee to begin settling in the region.

Oconostota
Oconostota (c. 1707–1783) was a Cherokee skiagusta (war chief) of Chota, which was for nearly four decades the primary town in the Overhill territory, and within what is now Monroe County, Tennessee. He served as the First Beloved Man of Chota from 1775 to 1781.
Coby Gipson
Coby Gipson (born c. 1980) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Howard Payne University, a position he has held since 2025. He was the head football coach for Bishop Thomas K. Gorman Catholic School from 2012 to 2016. He also coached football for Grace Community High School, East Texas Baptist, and Lamar, and also coached college softball for UT Tyler. He played college baseball for LeTourneau as a pitcher.

LeTourneau University
LeTourneau University (/lətˈərnoʊ/; abbreviated LETU) is a private, interdenominational evangelical Christian university in Longview, Texas. Founded as LeTourneau Technical Institute in February 1946 by R. G. LeTourneau with his wife, Evelyn, the school initially educated veterans returning from World War II. Total annual enrollment is nearly 3,000.
Cuprammonium rayon
Cuprammonium rayon is a rayon fiber made from cellulose dissolved in a cuprammonium solution, Schweizer's reagent.

It is produced by making cellulose a soluble compound by combining it with copper and ammonia with caustic soda. The solution is passed through a spinneret and the cellulose is regenerated in hardening baths that remove the copper and ammonia and neutralize the caustic soda. Cuprammonium rayon is usually made in fine filaments that are used in suit jacket linings as well as lightweight summer dresses and blouses, sometimes in combination with cotton to make textured fabrics with slubbed, uneven surfaces.

The fabric is commonly known by the trade name "Bemberg", owned by the J.P. Bemberg company. The fabric may also be known as "cupro" or "cupra". It is also known as "ammonia silk" on Chinese fashion retail websites.

J. P. Bemberg
J. P. Bemberg was a German rayon manufacturer that produced an unusually fine artificial fiber which became known as Bemberg. J. P. Bemberg came under the control of Vereinigte Glanzstoff-Fabriken and eventually disappeared after a series of mergers and divestitures, but Bemberg rayon was still being produced in 2015 by Asahi in Japan.
Edith Ballinger Price
Edith Ballinger Price (1897–1997) was a prolific writer and illustrator of children's books, best known for the imaginative stories and illustrations she created for 37 different books and stories. The granddaughter of landscape painter William Trost Richards, who first inspired her to draw, Price trained at Boston's School of the Museum of Fine Arts, the New York Art Students League and the National Academy of Design. Oft-published in general-interest magazines like Colliers and those aimed at children, like St. Nicholas Magazine, she was also notable as one of the chief founders of the Brownies, the junior version of the Girl Scouts.

Brownies (Scouting)
Brownies are the section in the Girl Guides (or in the United States, Girl Scouts) organisation for girls (in some organisations, there are also boys) aged seven/eight years old to twelve years old, who are too young to be Girl Guides/Scouts and cannot make the Scout Promise. A participant in the programme is called a Brownie, and a group of Brownies is called a "Unit" while in the United States it's called a "Troop".
Premaxilla
The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth. In humans, they are fused with the maxilla. The "premaxilla" of therian mammals has been usually termed as the incisive bone. Other terms used for this structure include premaxillary bone or os premaxillare, intermaxillary bone or os intermaxillare, and Goethe's bone.

Theria
Theria (/ˈθɪəriə/ or /ˈθɛriə/; from Ancient Greek  θηρίον (thēríon) 'wild beast') is a subclass of mammals amongst the Theriiformes. Theria contains the eutherians (which includes placental mammals) and the metatherians (which includes marsupials) but excludes the egg-laying monotremes and various extinct mammals evolving prior to the common ancestor of placentals and marsupials.
Ad Dawhah al Jadidah
Ad Dawhah al Jadidah (Arabic: الدوحة الجديدة) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Doha. It is bordered to the north by Mushayrib, Fereej Al Asmakh and Barahat Al Jufairi, to the east by Old Al Ghanim, to the south by Najma and Fereej Bin Durham, and to the west by Fereej Abdel Aziz.

It is primarily a residential district with several compounds and apartment blocks such as Adam Residence, Jaidah Housing, Al Madinah Suites, Al Sultan Tower, Jumeirah Furnished Apartments, and New Doha Residential Complex.

Mushayrib
Mushayrib (Arabic: مشيرب; also spelled Musheireb) is a Qatari district located in the municipality of Doha. As of the 2010 census, the former district of Al Asmakh has been integrated into Mushayrib. It is one of the oldest districts of Doha, and contains Al Kahraba Street (also called Electricity Street), the country's first fully lit street.
Joseph L. Chillo
Joseph L. Chillo, Jr. is an American college administrator and professor. He is the 15th president of Thomas More University. Chillo was the president of Newbury College from 2014 until its closure in 2019. He is a professor of humanities and American history.

Newbury College (United States)
Newbury College was a private college in Brookline, Massachusetts, United States, founded in 1962.

The college was accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC) but was placed on probation in June 2018, when its worsening financial standing was determined to pose a potential violation of NEASC's accreditation requirements. In December 2018, the college announced that it would close at the end of the 2018–19 academic year.

Lasell University was named as Newbury's institution of record and provides enrollment verifications and copies of transcripts for Newbury students, though Lasell does not possess archival material from Newbury.
Blandford Street station
Blandford Street station is a surface-level light rail station on the MBTA's Green Line B branch located in Boston, Massachusetts.  The station is located in the center median of Commonwealth Avenue at Silber Way and Blandford Mall, about 2 blocks west of Kenmore Square, near the east end of Boston University.  The station consists of two low side platforms, which serve the B branch's two tracks.  The station is the first station outbound on the B branch after it splits off from the C and D branches at Kenmore.

Blandford Street is the seventh-busiest surface stop on the B branch, averaging 1,540 boardings per weekday in 2011. The MBTA plans to close the stop by 2027 because it would not be possible to make it accessible.

Kenmore Square
Kenmore Square is a square in the Fenway–Kenmore neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It is formed by the crossing of Beacon Street, Commonwealth Avenue, and Brookline Avenue. It is the eastern terminus of U.S. Route 20, the longest U.S. Highway. The Citgo sign is a prominent landmark in Kenmore Square, and Fenway Park is just to the south. Kenmore station is located under the square, with a surface bus terminal inside the square.