hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pseudo-Anosov map
In mathematics, specifically in topology, a pseudo-Anosov map is a type of a diffeomorphism or homeomorphism of a surface. It is a generalization of a linear Anosov diffeomorphism of the torus. Its definition relies on the notion of a measured foliation introduced by William Thurston, who also coined the term "pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphism" when he proved his classification of diffeomorphisms of a surface.

William Thurston
William Paul Thurston (October 30, 1946 – August 21, 2012) was an American mathematician. He was a pioneer in the field of low-dimensional topology and was awarded the Fields Medal in 1982 for his contributions to the study of 3-manifolds.

Thurston was a professor of mathematics at Princeton University, University of California, Davis, and Cornell University. He was also a director of the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute.
Aequoreidae
Aequoreidae is a family of hydrozoans, sometimes called the many-ribbed jellies or many-ribbed jellyfish. There are approximately 30 known species found in temperate and tropical marine coastal environments. Aequoreids include Aequorea victoria, the organism from which the green fluorescent protein gene was isolated.

Hydrozoa
Hydrozoa (hydrozoans; from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'water' and ζώα (zóa) 'animals') is a taxonomic class of individually very small, predatory animals, some solitary and some colonial, most of which inhabit saline water. The colonies of the colonial species can be large, and in some cases the specialized individual animals cannot survive outside the colony. A few genera within this class live in freshwater habitats. Hydrozoans are related to jellyfish and corals, which also belong to the phylum Cnidaria.

Some examples of hydrozoans are the freshwater jelly (Craspedacusta sowerbyi), freshwater polyps (Hydra), Obelia, Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis), chondrophores (Porpitidae), and pink-hearted hydroids (Tubularia).
Hamburg-Altona–Neumünster railway
The Hamburg-Altona–Neumünster railway is the original line of the AKN Eisenbahn (railway) in the German states of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein. Today, passenger services on the 64.5 km-long Hamburg Eidelstedt–Neumünster section are operated by AKN.

The stations on the current line of A1 between Hamburg Hauptbahnhof and Eidelstedt in the Hamburg urban area were not part of the original route and are served only occasionally
by the AKN.

Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway
The Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway (historic name: The King Christian VIII Baltic Railway) is one of the most important main line railways of the states of Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg in Northern Germany. The line runs through the region of Holstein and connects the cities of Hamburg, Elmshorn, Neumünster and Kiel. The 105 km (65 mi) long standard gauge double track electrified railway line is now owned by DB Netz.

The railway line opened in 1844 to connect the cities of Altona and Kiel, at the time the two largest cities in the Duchy of Holstein then under Danish rule. It is the oldest railway line in the current state of Schleswig-Holstein, one of the first railways in Germany, and the first to reach the Baltic Sea. When it opened, it was also the first railway in Denmark and its dependencies.
David R. Barker
David R. Barker (born May 7, 1961) is an American author, academic, businessman, and politician, who began serving as the Assistant Secretary for the Department of Education in 2025. He is a former regent on the Board of Regents of the State of Iowa. A former economist for the Federal Reserve, Barker operates a real estate and finance company and is an Iowa Republican Party official.  His academic research has been covered in print and broadcast media including Marketplace, As It Happens, The Economist, Time, and The New York Times. He has also written for U.S. News & World Report, The Christian Science Monitor, Collier's, and other publications. In 2020s, Barker published several articles in Econ Journal Watch (EJW) critiquing claims that higher temperatures will lower the rate of economic growth. He has been a co-editor of EJW since 2023.

Iowa Board of Regents
The Iowa Board of Regents is the 9-member governing body overseeing the three public universities in the state of Iowa: the University of Iowa, Iowa State University, and the University of Northern Iowa; and, the Iowa School for the Deaf, and the Iowa Braille and Sight Saving School.
Rob Oakley (rugby league)
Rob Oakley (born 8 November 1999) is a Scotland international rugby league footballer who most recently played as a loose forward, second-row or hooker for the London Broncos in the Championship.

He has spent time on loan from the Broncos at the London Skolars in League 1.

London Skolars
The London Skolars are a rugby league club based at the New River Stadium in Wood Green, Haringey, North London. Founded in 1995, the club operated as a semi-professional team for 2003 and competed in the League 1 until it withdrew from the professional leagues at the end of 2023. The London Skolars were accepted into the Southern Conference League (SCL) for the 2024 season.
Prehistoric East Africa
The prehistory of East Africa spans from the earliest human presence in the region until the emergence of the Iron Age in East Africa. Between 1,600,000 BP and 1,500,000 BP, the Homo ergaster known as Nariokotome Boy resided near Nariokotome River, Kenya. Modern humans, who left behind remains, resided at Omo Kibish in 233,000 BP. Afro-Asiatic speakers and Nilo-Saharan speakers expanded in East Africa, resulting in transformation of food systems of East Africa. Prehistoric West Africans may have diverged into distinct ancestral groups of modern West Africans and Bantu-speaking peoples in Cameroon, and, subsequently, around 5000 BP, the Bantu-speaking peoples migrated into other parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Central African Republic, African Great Lakes, South Africa).

Omo remains
The Omo remains are a collection of hominin bones discovered between 1967 and 1974 at the Omo Kibish sites near the Omo River, in Omo National Park in south-western Ethiopia. The bones were recovered by a scientific team from the Kenya National Museums directed by Richard Leakey and others. The remains from Kamoya's Hominid Site (KHS) were called Omo I and those from Paul I. Abell's Hominid Site (PHS) were called Omo II.
Strange Frequencies: Taiwan Killer Hospital
Strange Frequencies: Taiwan Killer Hospital is a 2024 Philippine found footage supernatural horror film based on the 2018 South Korean film Gonjiam: Haunted Asylum. The film stars Enrique Gil, Jane de Leon, Alexa Miro, MJ Lastimosa, Raf Pineda and Ryan "Zarckaroo" Azurin. Produced by Reality MM Studios and Creative Leaders Group 8, it serves as an official entry to the 2024 Metro Manila Film Festival.

The film was later released in Netflix on September 5, 2025, and it debuted at the number 1 spot on Netflix's top 10 movies in the Philippines.

Mary Jean Lastimosa
Mary Jean Ramirez Lastimosa (Tagalog pronunciation: [lɐstɪˈmɔsɐ]; born November 23, 1987) is a Filipino beauty pageant titleholder and actress who won Miss Universe Philippines 2014. She represented the Philippines at Miss Universe 2014 and placed in the Top 10.
Alexander Maximov (politician)
Alexander Alexandrovich Maximov (Russian: Александр Александрович Максимов; born 18 November 1946, Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk Oblast) is a Russian political figure and deputy of the 7th and 8th State Dumas. In 1998, he was granted a Candidate of Sciences in Technical Sciences degree.

From 1975 to 2000, Maximov served at the KGB in Chelyabinsk Oblast. From 2001 to 2004, he worked as the Deputy General Director for Economic Security at the Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Plant. On 8 September 2013 he was elected deputy of the Kemerovo Region Council of People's Deputies of the 4th convocation. In 2016, he was elected deputy of the 7th State Duma. Since September 2021 he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

8th State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 8th convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации восьмого созыва) is the current convocation of the lower house of Russian parliament.

The composition of the 8th State Duma was determined based on the results of the 2021 legislative election. Elections were held using a mixed system: 225 deputies were elected on party lists and 225 — in single-member constituencies. Of the 14 parties that participated in the elections, only 5 were able to overcome the 5% barrier. And for the first time since 1999, more than four parties were able to form their own factions. Three more parties and five independent candidates were able to win one seat each through single-mandate constituencies.

In accordance with the presidential decree, the first meeting of the 8th State Duma was held on 12 October 2021.
Amos Okot
Amos John Okot is a Ugandan pastor, politician and member of Ugandan parliament representing Agago North on the ticket of National Resistance Movement (NRM). He was first elected in 2011 to the 9th parliament but failed to secure re-election in 2016. He was re-elected to the parliament in the 2021 general elections.

General election
A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. General elections typically occur at regular intervals as mandated by a country's constitution or electoral laws, and may include elections for a legislature and sometimes other positions such as a directly elected president. In many jurisdictions, general elections can coincide with other electoral events such as local, regional, or supranational elections. For example, on 25 May 2014, Belgian voters simultaneously elected their national parliament, 21 members of the European Parliament, and regional parliaments.

In the United States, "general election" has a slightly different, but related meaning: the ordinary electoral competition following the selection of candidates in the primary election.
George Thornton (rugby union)
George Thornton (born 20 January 1997) is a former Scotland U20 international rugby union player who plays for Ayrshire Bulls as a prop. He also plays for the Chicago Hounds in Major League Rugby (MLR).

Scotland national under-20 rugby union team
The Scotland national under-20 rugby union team participates in the World Rugby Under 20 Trophy.  Their highest placement is 5th which they achieved in the 2017 World Rugby Under 20 Championship.

The U20 side also compete in the Six Nations Under 20s Championship.

Both tournaments began in 2008 and replaced the Under 19 or Under 21 championships. The World Rugby Under 20 Championship was known as the IRB Junior World Championship up to 2014.

Prior to this, there were U19 and U21 tournaments for the World Rugby Championship. There was also a U21 tournament for the Six Nations from 2004.

The Under 20 side is now the pinnacle of Scottish Rugby's age-grade system.
French ship Molène
Molène was a French transport ship which was built as the German fishing trawler Köln in 1937. She was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine during the Second World War. She was used as a minesweeper under the Pennant numbers M 1405 and M 4416, and later as the Vorpostenboot V 624 Köln. Severely damaged by a mine in 1943, she was laid up. She was seized by the French post war and entered service with the French Navy as Molène. She was sold out of service in 1963.

Vorpostenboot
Vorpostenboot (plural Vorpostenboote), also referred to as VP-Boats, flakships or outpost boats, were German patrol boats which served during both World Wars. They were used around coastal areas and in coastal operations, and were tasked with – among other things – coastal patrol, ship escort, and naval combat.
María Isabella Cordero
María Isabella Cordero Martínez (c. 1987 – 16 April 2010) was a Mexican television anchorwoman for a local Televisa channel in Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico, and the spokeswoman and director of public relations for CANACO, Chihuahua's local Chamber of Commerce.

She was murdered by unidentified gunmen outside a restaurant in the capital city of Chihuahua on 16 April 2010. At the crime scene, the Mexican authorities discovered several shell casings from assault rifles, the habitual weapon of the Mexican organized crime groups. The motive of the killing, however, remains unknown.

Assault rifle
An assault rifle is a select fire rifle that uses an intermediate-rifle cartridge and a detachable magazine. Assault rifles were first put into mass production and accepted into widespread service during World War II. The first assault rifle to see major usage was the German StG 44, a development of the earlier Mkb 42. While immediately after World War II, NATO countries were equipped with battle rifles, the development of the M16 rifle during the Vietnam War prompted the adoption of assault rifles by the rest of NATO. By the end of the 20th century, assault rifles had become the standard weapon in most of the world's armies, replacing full-powered rifles and submachine guns in most roles. The two most successful modern assault rifles are the AK-47 and the M16 designs and their derivatives.
Vermont Institute of Natural Science
The Vermont Institute of Natural Science (VINS) is a non-profit environmental education organization based in Quechee, Vermont. Its mission is to motivate individuals and communities to care for the environment through education, research, and avian wildlife rehabilitation.

Quechee, Vermont
Quechee is a census-designated place and one of five unincorporated villages in the town of Hartford, Windsor County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population of the CDP was 656. It is the site of Quechee Gorge on the Ottauquechee River and is also the home to the Quechee Lakes planned community, initiated in the late 1960s, which also brought to the community the small Quechee Lakes Ski Area in the 1970s.

Quechee was known for a picturesque covered bridge at the site of the old Quechee mill, which now houses the Simon Pearce glass-blowing facility and restaurant. The bridge was severely damaged by flooding caused by Hurricane Irene in 2011. The bridge has since been rebuilt.

Quechee has a small branch post office with zip code 05059.

The region was historically inhabited by tribes of the Abenaki people; evidence exists of an ancient Abenaki village at the site of Quechee, in addition to more recent Abenaki settlements and activity throughout Hartford.
Samuel K. Skinner
Samuel Knox Skinner (born June 10, 1938) is an American politician, lawyer, and businessman. Skinner served as U.S. Secretary of Transportation and White House Chief of Staff under President George H. W. Bush. Prior to the Bush administration, Skinner served as the United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois under President Gerald R. Ford from 1975 to 1977, succeeding James R. Thompson.

White House Chief of Staff
The White House chief of staff is the head of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, a position in the federal government of the United States.

The chief of staff is a political appointee of the president of the United States who does not require Senate confirmation, and who serves at the pleasure of the president. While not a legally required role, all presidents since Harry S. Truman have appointed a chief of staff.  James Baker is the only person to hold the office twice or serve under two different presidents.

In the second administration of President Donald Trump, the current chief of staff is Susie Wiles, who succeeded Jeff Zients on January 20, 2025. The chief of staff is the most senior political appointee in the White House. 
The position is widely recognized as one of great power and influence, owing to daily contact with the president of the United States and control of the Executive Office of the President of the United States.
Dar AlHadaek
Dar AlHadaek is a Lebanese company that publishes and distributes children's books and magazines in the Arab world. It was founded in 1987.

In the 1990s, Dar Al Hadaek started publishing Ahmad magazine for boys and girls ages eight to 14. It then started Touta Touta, the first magazine in the Arab world for children ages five to seven.

Dar Al Hadaek has received prizes for its books and participated in Arab and international book fairs. Its writers and illustrators have been present in fairs, workshops and specialized forums internationally.

Dar Al Hadaek is a member of the following bodies:

Arab Children Book Publisher's Forum

International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY)

The syndicate of Lebanese publishers

The syndicate of Arab publishers.

International Board on Books for Young People
The International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) is an international nonprofit organization committed to bringing books and children together. The headquarters of IBBY are located in Basel, Switzerland.
République station
République (French pronunciation: [ʁepyblik] ⓘ) is a station on lines 3, 5, 8, 9 and 11 of the Paris Métro. It is located under the Place de la République, at the tripoint border of the 3rd, 10th and 11th arrondissements. It is an important interchange station; its 16.6 million users (2019) make it the seventh busiest out of 302 on the Métro network.

Paris Métro Line 3
Paris Métro Line 3 (French: Ligne 3 du métro de Paris) is one of the sixteen currently open lines of the Paris Métro. It connects Pont de Levallois–Bécon station in the near northwestern suburban city of Levallois-Perret to Gallieni, in the eastern suburban city of Bagnolet. After opening as the network's third line in 1904, it was subject to several extensions, including the major restructuring occurring of1971, where the line switched its easternmost section from Porte des Lilas to Gallieni, the abandoned section becoming Line 3bis.

With a length of 11.7 km (7 mi), Line 3 crosses Paris from west to east completely on the Rive Droite, serving the residential areas of the 17th arrondissement, the Gare Saint-Lazare, important stores and shopping centres, the Opéra Garnier, the former Parisian stock exchange house, the Place de la République, and the Père Lachaise graveyard. In 2017, it carried 101.4 million riders, making it the tenth busiest line of the Métro network.
Chyhyryn campaign (1677)
The Chyhyryn campaign of 1677 was an unsuccessful campaign by the Ottoman-led coalition against the Cossack-Russian defenders of Chyhyryn. On 3 of August, the Ottoman army besieged Chyhyryn, which was held by 12,000-strong garrison. At the end of August, the Russo-Cossack army of Romodanovsky and Samoylovych crossed the Dnieper. The Ottoman-Crimean forces tried to stop them but were decisively defeated at Buzhyn and on 29 of August, Ibrahim Pasha burned the Turkish camp and retreated, while the Russo-Cossack army entered Chyhyryn on 5 of September.

Grigory Romodanovsky
Grigory Grigoryevich Romodanovsky (Russian: Григорий Григорьевич Ромодановский) was a controversial figure of the Russian foreign policy as a member of the Razryadny Prikaz, playing a key role in pursuing leaders of the Ukrainian Cossack officers into the union with the Muscovy state. During the Russo-Polish war, he was a leading Russian general of Tsar Alexis's reign who promoted the Tsar's interests in Ukraine.
Yuliya Levchenko
Yuliya Andriyivna Levchenko or Yuliia Andriivna Levchenko (Ukrainian: Юлія Андріївна Левченко, pronounced [ˈjul⁽ʲ⁾ijɐ leu̯ˈtʃɛnko]; born 28 November 1997) is a Ukrainian high jumper. She won the silver medal at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics. Indoors at European level, Levchenko claimed bronze in 2017 and silver in 2019. She was the 2017 European Under-23 champion.

Levchenko earned gold at the 2014 Youth Olympics and bronze at the 2016 World U20 Championships. She won five Ukrainian national titles.

2017 European Athletics U23 Championships
The 2017 European Athletics U23 Championships were the 11th edition of the biennial athletics competition between European athletes under the age of twenty-three. It was held in Bydgoszcz, Poland from 13 to 16 July. This was the second time that the competition was hosted by Bydgoszcz after the 2003 edition.
Great North Radio
Great North Radio, or G.N.R as it was sometimes called, launched in March 1989 using the AM frequencies of Metro Radio and Radio Tees . This happened after the Metro Radio Group decided to split the FM and AM frequencies. The station was broadcast on both frequencies rather than as two separate stations.

GNR's output consisted of mellow music from the 1950s through to the 1980s, including current hits that fitted the format. There were also specialist programmes each evening, including Country Music, Jazz, and Classical.

GNR was replaced in February 1997 by Magic 1152 and Magic 1170 and was rebranded again in January 2015 when the stations became part of the Greatest Hits Radio network and are known on air as Greatest Hits Radio North East and Greatest Hits Radio Teesside.

Greatest Hits Radio North East
Greatest Hits Radio North East is an Independent Local Radio station, based in Newcastle, England,  owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Greatest Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to North East England.
Joshua Moszi
Joshua Nkansah (born 13 May 1992) popularly called Joshua Moszi is a Ghanaian guitarist and composer. In 2021, he received a certificate from the Grammy Awards in appreciation of his work as a composer on Angelique Kidjo's Mother Nature, which took home the award for best global music album at the 64th Grammy Awards.

Angélique Kidjo
Angélique Kpasseloko Hinto Hounsinou Kandjo Manta Zogbin Kidjo (/ˌɒ̃ʒəˈliːk ˈkɪdʒuː, - ˈkɪdʒoʊ/) is a Beninese musician, actress, and activist. Kidjo has won five Grammy Awards and is a 2023 Polar Music Prize laureate. She has collaborated with other artists such as Alicia Keys, Peter Gabriel, John Legend, Philip Glass, Bono, Yo-Yo Ma, and Burna Boy. She is the first Black African artist to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. She performed at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games Opening Ceremony on July 23, 2021. In 2021, Time magazine included her in its list of the 100 most influential people in the world. Kidjo is fluent in five languages: Fon, French, Yorùbá, Gen (Mina) and English. She sings in all of them, and she also has her own personal language, which includes words that serve as song titles such as "Batonga". Kidjo often uses Benin's traditional Zilin vocal technique and vocalese.
V. S. Sivakumar
V. S. Sivakumar (born 30 May 1960) is an Indian politician who is a member of Indian National Congress and a former Minister for Health, Family Welfare and Devaswom, Government of Kerala in the Second Oommen Chandy ministry.
He has represented the Thiruvananthapuram Assembly constituency in Kerala from 2011 Assembly election in Kerala to 2021. He was a member of the 13th Lok Sabha representing Thiruvananthapuram Lok Sabha constituency.

Thiruvananthapuram Lok Sabha constituency
Thiruvananthapuram Parliamentary (Lok Sabha) Constituency is one of the 20 parliamentary constituencies in Kerala, India. It is located in Thiruvananthapuram district and encompasses the major part of Thiruvananthapuram city, the capital of Kerala State.

The incumbent MP of this constituency, Shashi Tharoor of the Indian National Congress, has been elected on 4 consecutive occasions: 2009, 2014, 2019 and 2024. He is  the longest serving Member of Parliament to have represented the constituency.