hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isaac Coe
Isaac Coe (July 25, 1782 – July 30, 1855) was an American frontier physician, a founder and commissioner of Indianapolis, and a leader in the Presbyterian church. He is credited for saving the town from an 1821 plague of malaria. He was a founding member of the Indiana State Medical Society and served as its first chair and its second president. He founded the first church, Presbyterian Church of Indianapolis, and the Sunday school and served as the superintendent. He led organizing of the state's anti-gambling society, which resulted in the state's first prohibition on gambling.

His homes in Indianapolis are now the sites of Sidney & Lois Eskenazi Hospital and The Columbia Club. Coe, Indiana, is named for him.

Frontier gambler
The frontier gambler is one of the most recognizable stock characters of the 19th century American frontier. Historically, gamblers were of both sexes, came from a variety of professions, social classes, and geographical backgrounds, were of many nationalities, and were part of a well-respected profession. As the Western United States became increasingly populated and domesticated, the public perception of gambling changed to a negative one and led nearly all of the state and territorial legislatures to pass anti-gambling laws in and effort to "clean up" their towns. The gambler continues to be a captivating figure in the imagery of the west, representing the openness of its society and invoking its association with risk-taking.
Quique Costas
Enrique "Quique" Álvarez Costas (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkike ˈkostas]; born 16 January 1947) is a Spanish former professional football defensive midfielder and manager.

He played 229 La Liga matches over the course of 11 seasons (nine goals), in representation of Celta and Barcelona.

Costas began a lengthy coaching career in the late 80s, mainly being in charge of Barcelona B.

FC Barcelona Atlètic
Futbol Club Barcelona Atlètic, commonly referred to as Barcelona B, Barça Atlètic or Barça B, is a football team based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that competes in Segunda Federación – Group 3, the fourth tier of the Spanish league system. Founded in 1970, it is the reserve team of FC Barcelona and it plays its home fixtures at Johan Cruyff Stadium.

Reserve teams in Spain play in the same league system as the senior team, rather than in a reserve team league. They must play at least one level below their main side, and they are not eligible to play in the Copa del Rey.
WLAF (AM)
WLAF (1450 AM) is a radio station licensed to serve La Follette, Tennessee, United States.  The station, which came on the air on May 17, 1953, is currently owned by Stair Company, Inc.  It was the first radio station in Campbell County, Tennessee.

WLAF broadcasts a format of Southern Gospel music which includes broadcasts from local churches, daily news and information, and local sports for Campbell County.

Campbell County, Tennessee
Campbell County is a county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is located on the state's northern border in East Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, its population was 39,272. Its county seat is Jacksboro. Campbell County is included in the Knoxville metropolitan statistical area.
Liaodactylus
Liaodactylus is a genus of filter-feeding ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Jurassic of China. The genus contains one species, L. primus, described by Zhou et al. in 2017. As an adaptation to filter-feeding, Liaodactylus had approximately 150 long, comb-like teeth packed closely together. It is both the earliest known ctenochasmatid and the first filter-feeding pterosaur from the Jurassic Yanliao Biota. Later and more specialized ctenochasmatids differ from Liaodactylus in having longer snouts, smaller openings (or fenestrae) in the skull, and more teeth. Within the Ctenochasmatidae, Liaodactylus was most closely related to the European Ctenochasma.

Ctenochasmatidae
Ctenochasmatidae is a group of pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. They are characterized by their distinctive teeth, which are thought to have been used for filter-feeding. Ctenochasmatids lived from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous periods.

The earliest known ctenochasmatid remains date to the Late Jurassic Kimmeridgian age. Previously, a fossil jaw recovered from the Middle Jurassic Stonesfield Slate formation in the United Kingdom, was considered the oldest known. This specimen supposedly represented a member of the family Ctenochasmatidae, though further examination suggested it actually belonged to a teleosaurid stem-crocodilian instead of a pterosaur.
Codetermination in Germany
Codetermination in Germany is a concept that involves the right of workers to participate in management of the companies they work for. Known as Mitbestimmung, the modern law on codetermination is found principally in the Mitbestimmungsgesetz of 1976. The law allows workers to elect representatives (usually trade union representatives) for almost half of  the supervisory board of directors. The legislation is separate from the main German company law Act for public companies, the Aktiengesetz. It applies to public and private companies, so long as there are over 2,000 employees. For companies with 500–2,000 employees, one third of the supervisory board must be elected.

There is also legislation in Germany, known as the Betriebsverfassungsgesetz whereby workers are entitled to form Works Councils at the local shop floor level.

Aktiengesellschaft
Aktiengesellschaft (German pronunciation: [ˈaktsi̯ənɡəˌzɛlʃaft] ⓘ; abbreviated AG [aːˈgeː] ⓘ) is a German word for a corporation limited by share ownership (i.e., one which is owned by its shareholders) whose shares may be traded on a stock market. The term is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland (where it is equivalent to a société anonyme or a società per azioni) and South Tyrol for companies incorporated there. In the United Kingdom, the equivalent term is public limited company, and in the United States, while the terms "incorporated" or "corporation" are typically used, technically the more precise equivalent term is "joint-stock company".
Diana Whalen
Diana Caroline Whalen is a Canadian politician who represented the electoral district of Halifax Clayton Park in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 2003-2013, and Clayton Park West from 2013-2017, as a member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party.

Clayton Park West (electoral district)
Clayton Park West is a provincial electoral district in  Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

The riding was created in 1978 as Halifax Bedford Basin from a portion of Halifax Cobequid. In 2003, the district lost a northern area to Bedford and was renamed Halifax Clayton Park. Following the 2012 electoral boundary review, the district was renamed Clayton Park West. It gained Birch Cove and Kearney Lake areas from Bedford-Birch Cove and the Kearney Lake area from Hammonds Plains-Upper Sackville. It lost the Susies Lake and Quarrie Lake areas to Timberlea-Prospect; the areas south of Mount Saint Vincent University and Lacewood Drive as well as the Washmill Lake Drive area the Fairview-Clayton Park.
Bjarkøy Fixed Link
The Bjarkøy Fixed Link (Norwegian: Bjarkøyforbindelsen) is a fixed link which connects the three islands of Bjarkøya, Sandsøya, and Grytøya in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The fixed link was completed in late 2018. A subsea road tunnel (Norwegian: Kvernsundtunnelen) connects the islands of Grytøya and Bjarkøya, and a bridge connects the islands of Grytøya and Sandsøya. The tunnel to Bjarkøya is 3.25 kilometres (2.02 mi) long. The bridge to Grytøya is 300 metres (980 ft) long plus a 900-metre (3,000 ft) long causeway. The project also included 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) of new road on Grytøya to connect the existing roads to the new undersea tunnel. The Bjarkøy Tunnel is designated as part of Norwegian County Road 867, while the Sandsøya Bridge is part of Norwegian County Road 124.

Harstad Municipality
Harstad (Norwegian: [ˈhɑ̂ʂːʈɑ] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Hárstták) is the second-most populated municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is mostly located on the large island of Hinnøya. The municipal center is the town of Harstad, which is the most populous town in Central Hålogaland and the third-largest in all of Northern Norway. The town was incorporated in 1904. Villages in the municipality include Elgsnes, Fauskevåg, Gausvika, Grøtavær, Kasfjord, Lundenes, Nergården and Sørvika.

The 445-square-kilometre (172 sq mi) municipality is the 225th largest by area out of Norway's 357 municipalities and the 49th most populous, with a population of 25,056. The municipality's population density is 56.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (146/sq mi) and the population has increased by 2.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Vejen (nomination district)
Vejen nominating district is one of the 92 nominating districts that was created for Danish elections following the 2007 municipal reform. It consists of Billund and Vejen municipality.

In general elections, the district is a very strong area for parties commonly associated with the blue bloc.

Elections in Denmark
There are three types of elections in Denmark: elections to the national parliament (the Folketing), local elections (to municipal and regional councils), and elections to the European Parliament. Referendums may also be called to consult the Danish citizens directly on an issue of national concern.

Parliamentary elections are called by the Monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister, usually three to four years after the last election, although early elections may occur. Elections to local councils (municipal or regional) and to the European Parliament are held on fixed dates. Elections use the party-list proportional representation system. All Danish citizens, living in the Kingdom of Denmark and at least 18 years of age, are eligible to vote in parliamentary elections and long-time residents may vote in local elections.
Germaine de Randamie
Germaine de Randamie (born April 24, 1984) is a Dutch former mixed martial artist and kickboxer. Undefeated in sanctioned kickboxing bouts, she competed in the women's Bantamweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and was the first UFC Women's Featherweight Champion. Prior to joining the UFC, de Randamie competed in the Strikeforce featherweight division.

Bantamweight (MMA)
The bantamweight division in mixed martial arts refers to a number of different MMA weight classes, which groups competitors within 126–135 lb (57.2-61.3 kg)

The UFC bantamweight division, which groups competitiors within the 126-135 lb (57-61 kg)

The Shooto bantamweight division, which suits competitors below 125 lb (56.7 kg)

The ONE Championship's bantamweight division, with upper limit at 65.8 kg (145.1 lb)

The Road FC's bantamweight division, with upper limit at 135.6 lb (61.5 kg)

The bantamweight division sits between the lighter flyweight (116–125 lb) division and the heavier featherweight division (136–145 lb).
International parliament
An international parliament or world parliament or supranational legislature is a theoretical or hypothetical concept that envisions a legislative body with representatives from different countries or sovereign entities, similar to a parliament but at international level for global governance, thus establishing a world government. It's a hybrid system of intergovernmentalism and supranationalism which could be based on a predecessor inter-parliamentary institution or a newly established organization-level legislature.

Supranational union
A supranational union is a type of international organization and political union that is empowered to directly exercise some of the powers and functions otherwise reserved to states. A supranational organization involves a greater transfer of or limitation of state sovereignty than other kinds of international organizations.

The European Union (EU) has been described as a paradigmatic case of a supranational organization, as it has deep political, economic and social integration, which includes a common market, joint border control, a supreme court, and regular popular elections.

Another method of decision-making in international organisations is intergovernmentalism, in which state governments play a more prominent role.
2010 Grand Prix de Futsal
The 2010 Grand Prix de Futsal was the sixth edition of the international futsal competition of the same kind as the FIFA Futsal World Cup but with invited nations and held annually in Brazil. It was first held in 2005.

This was the first and so far the only edition of the Grand Prix de Futsal not won by Brazil.

Grand Prix de Futsal
The Grand Prix de Futsal (Brazil International Futsal Cup) is an international futsal competition of the same kind of the FIFA Futsal World Cup but with invited nations and held annually in Brazil. It was first held in 2005.
Mike Hartline
Mike Hartline (born June 13, 1988) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is currently the quarterbacks coach at the University of South Florida. He spent the 2024 season at Coastal Carolina as an offensive analyst and the 2023 season at Charlotte as their wide receivers coach. He was the offensive coordinator at Ohio Dominican University from 2019 to 2021 and the quarterbacks coach at Auburn during the 2022 season. He has also spent time on the coaching staffs at the University of Cincinnati and Ohio State University. He was signed by the Indianapolis Colts as an undrafted free agent in 2011. He was signed by the New England Patriots in January 2012, but released in May 2012. He played college football at the University of Kentucky.

Charlotte 49ers football
The Charlotte 49ers football program represents the University of North Carolina at Charlotte in college football. The UNC Charlotte Board of Trustees officially voted to add a football program on November 13, 2008, after a unanimous recommendation by the Football Feasibility Committee. It was made possible by Student Government initiatives starting in 2006 by then-student body president Benjamin Comstock and student body vice president Jordan Van Dyne, namely the first step of organizing a transparent student vote on football that disclosed possible hikes in tuition fees as a result of football. The online poll was approved by the Student Senate and administered in collaboration with the University's IT Department. Despite the possibility of potential rises in student fees, the vote clearly displayed a student interest in a football team. The program began play during the 2013 NCAA Division I FCS football season.
2024 Pennsylvania State Treasurer election
The 2024 State Treasurer in Pennsylvania was held on November 5, 2024, to elect the Pennsylvania state treasurer. Incumbent Republican treasurer Stacy Garrity was re-elected to a second term in office, defeating Democratic candidate Erin McClelland.

Garrity became the first Republican treasurer to win re-election since Barbara Hafer in 2000. Her win set the record for the most votes cast for any candidate in commonwealth history. She carried Centre, Dauphin, and Lehigh counties, all of which Kamala Harris carried in the concurrent presidential election.

Treasurer of Pennsylvania
The treasurer of Pennsylvania is the head of the Pennsylvania Treasury Department, an independent department of the commonwealth's government. The treasurer is elected every four years. The current treasurer is Republican Stacy Garrity.
Orbital angular momentum of light
The orbital angular momentum of light (OAM) is the component of angular momentum of a light beam that is dependent on the field spatial distribution, and not on the polarization. OAM can be split into two types. The internal OAM is an origin-independent angular momentum of a light beam that can be associated with a helical or twisted wavefront. The external OAM is the origin-dependent angular momentum that can be obtained as cross product of the light beam position (center of the beam) and its total linear momentum. While widely used in laser optics, there is no unique decomposition of spin and orbital angular momentum of light.

Helix
A helix (/ˈhiːlɪks/; pl. helices) is a shape like a cylindrical coil spring or the thread of a machine screw. It is a type of smooth skew curve with tangent lines at a constant angle to a fixed axis. Helices are important in biology, as the DNA molecule is formed as two intertwined helices, and many proteins have helical substructures, known as alpha helices. The word helix comes from the Greek word ἕλιξ, "twisted, curved". 
A "filled-in" helix – for example, a "spiral" (helical) ramp – is a surface called a helicoid.
Lakes to Locks Passage
The Lakes to Locks Passage in the United States and the corresponding Route du Richelieu in Canada form a scenic byway network located in northeastern New York and southern Quebec. This byway connects a series of water routes including the upper Hudson River, Champlain Canal, Lake George, and Lake Champlain. This network is part of a historically significant transportation route linking upstate New York with the Canadian province of Quebec.

In the United States, the Lakes to Locks Passage is designated as a New York State Scenic Byway, a National Scenic Byway, and an All-American Road. The Canadian portion, known as Route du Richelieu, is recognized by the Quebec Ministry of Tourism as a tourist route.

The Lakes to Locks Passage and Route du Richelieu initiatives aim to promote and integrate these routes as a unified travel destination.

National Scenic Byway
A National Scenic Byway is a road recognized by the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) for one or more of six "intrinsic qualities": archeological, cultural, historic, natural, recreational, and scenic. The program was established by Congress in 1991 to preserve and protect the nation's scenic but often less-traveled roads and promote tourism and economic development. The National Scenic Byways Program (NSBP) is administered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).

Some scenic byways are designated All-American Roads, which must meet two out of the six intrinsic qualities. The designation means they have features that do not exist elsewhere in the United States and are unique and important enough to be tourist destinations unto themselves. As of January 21, 2021, there are 184 National Scenic Byways located in 48 states (all except Hawaii and Texas).
Pradyumna Shah
Pradyumna Shah or Pradyuman Shah, also known as Pradyumna Chand, was the 54th ruler of the Panwar Dynasty and the last independent monarch of the Kingdom of Garhwal. Before that he had also served as the Raja of the Kingdom of Kumaon until he was defeated and expelled. He reigned over Garhwal from 1785 to 14 May 1804, until his defeat to the Gurkha forces after the Battle of Khurbura occurred near Dehradun.

Gurkha
The Gurkhas or Gorkhas (/ˈɡɜːrkə, ˈɡʊər-/), with the endonym Gorkhali (Nepali: गोर्खाली [ɡoɾkʰaːliː]), are soldiers native to South Asia, chiefly residing within Nepal and some parts of North India.

The Gurkha units consist of Nepali and (in India) Indian Gorkha, Nepali-speaking Indian people. They are recruited for the Nepali Army (96,000), the Indian Army (42,000), the British Army (4,010), the Gurkha Contingent of the Singapore Police Force, the Gurkha Reserve Unit of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces, and UN peacekeeping forces in war zones around the world. Ordinary citizens of the two demographic groups become a Gurkha by applying for, and passing, the selection and training process.

Gurkhas are closely associated with the khukuri, a forward-curving knife, and have a reputation for fearless military prowess. Former Indian Army Chief of Staff Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw once stated that:

"If a man says he is not afraid of dying, he is either lying or he is a Gurkha."
Russian wedding traditions
Russian weddings held great importance in their culture and tradition, evolving differently according the region, but maintaining common points. They can last between two days and one week usually involving activities like dancing, singing, toasting, and banqueting. The best man and bridesmaid are called "Witnesses" or "Свидетели" (svideteli) in Russian. The ceremony and the ring exchange take place on the first day of the wedding. Russian weddings ceremonies have undertaken a certain amount of Western traditions, including incorporating maids of honour into the wedding party.

Wedding ring
A wedding ring or wedding band is a finger ring that indicates that its wearer is married. It is usually forged from metal, traditionally gold or another precious metal. Rings were used in ancient Rome during marriage.

In western culture, a wedding ring is typically worn on the base of the left ring finger. The ring finger is widely said to be associated with the traditional belief known as vena amoris ("vein of love").
Ureju Community
Ureju Community is an indigenous Itsekiri rural community in the Warri Kingdom. Ureju Community is one of the aboriginal five communities that make up the Warri Kingdom before the coming of Olu Ginuwa I alongside other Itsekiri communities like Ugborodo, Ode-Itsekiri (Okotomu-Irigbo), Inorin and Omadino. It is located in the Benin River axis of Warri North Local Government Area of present-day Delta State, Nigeria. Ureju Community has two main families - Olero and Kokolo.

Like most Itsekiri communities, Ureju community has different quarters. The quarters in Ureju community are Ode Ureju, Ureju Sinsin, Olumagada, Gbetiokun, Oroke-tie and Obiale-uton.

Ureju community kept the first watch in the newly established Ghigho Aghofen created by His Royal Majesty, Ogiame Atuwatse III, the Olu of Warri Kingdom. In March 2022, Ogiame Atuwatse III visited Ureju Community as part of his promise to visit each community that plays watches the Olu of Warri Palace during the Ghigho Aghofen.

Warri North
Warri North is a Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Koko. It has an area of 1,841 km2 and a population of 136,149 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 332.

Warri North LGA has its headquarters at Koko, a cosmopolitan town that houses a sea port. Conspicuous in the town is the ancient house of Nana Olomu of Itsekiri. The LGA is predominantly riverine and is inhabited by the Itsekiri people.  The major occupations of the people are fishing, carving of canoes, net weaving, hunting, clothes dyeing, trading and farming. It is also the location of a lovely tourist attraction, the floating market at Ogheye. The Local government is richly blessed with Crude oil and houses the Nigeria National Petroleum Company, Chevron amongst others.
Charlie Valentine
Charlie Valentine, also released as The Hitmen Diaries: Charlie Valentine, is a 2009 crime drama starring Raymond J. Barry in the title role. The film co-stars Michael Weatherly, James Russo, and Tom Berenger, and was shot in Las Vegas, Nevada, and Los Angeles, California. The film was directed by Jesse V. Johnson.

Michael Weatherly
Michael Weatherly Jr. (born July 8, 1968) is an American television actor, producer, director, and musician, known for playing the roles of Logan Cale in the television series Dark Angel (2000–2002), Special Agent Anthony DiNozzo in NCIS (2003–2016, 2024) and in NCIS: Tony & Ziva (2025), and Dr. Jason Bull in Bull (2016–2022).
Dingleberry Haze
Dingleberry Haze is the first EP by American rock band The Bloodhound Gang on Cheese Factory Records in November 1994.

Though there are not too many differences between this EP and their next release, Use Your Fingers, there are a few. The major difference is in the track "Coo Coo Ca Choo" which uses a sample from Cream's "Sunshine of Your Love", rather than the heavy guitar riff-laden version that appears on Use Your Fingers.

This CD was written by Jimmy Pop and Daddy Long Legs who is now in the group Wolfpac.

Use Your Fingers
Use Your Fingers is the debut studio album by Bloodhound Gang. It was released on July 18, 1995, by Cheese Factory Records. Some of the songs on the album were reworked version of demos from Bloodhound Gang's earlier demo tapes. The album has sold 250,000 copies to date.