hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flame ball
Flame balls refer to stationary premixed flame, spherical flame structures that exists due to the balance between radiant heat loss and diffusive-thermal effects. These flame balls are observed typically in microgravity environments where buoyancy effects are negligible and for highly diffusive fuels such as hydrogen that can promote diffusive-thermal effects. The theoretical development of flame ball was carried out by John D. Buckmaster and Guy Joulin.

Diffusive–thermal instability
Diffusive–thermal instability or thermo–diffusive instability is an intrinsic flame instability that occurs both in premixed flames and in diffusion flames and arises because of the difference in the diffusion coefficient values for the fuel and heat transport, characterized by non-unity values of Lewis numbers. The instability mechanism that arises here is the same as in Turing instability explaining chemical morphogenesis, although the mechanism was first discovered in the context of combustion by Yakov Zeldovich in 1944 to explain the cellular structures appearing in lean hydrogen flames. Quantitative stability theory for premixed flames were developed by Gregory Sivashinsky (1977), Guy Joulin and Paul Clavin (1979) and for diffusion flames by Jong S. Kim and Forman A. Williams (1996,1997).
Gabrielle Basketter
Gabrielle Amber Basketter (born 12 April 1993) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Worcestershire. An all-rounder, she is a right-handed batter and right-arm off break bowler. She has previously played for Hampshire, Wales and Central Sparks.

Central Sparks
Central Sparks was a women's cricket team that represented the West Midlands region, one of eight regional hubs in English domestic women's cricket. They primarily played their home matches at Edgbaston and New Road. They were captained by Evelyn Jones and coached by Darren Franklin and Justine Dunce. The team was partnered with Warwickshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire, Staffordshire and Shropshire.

At the end of the 2024 season, following reforms to the structure of women's domestic cricket, the team was effectively replaced by a professionalised Warwickshire team.
Sesame Street: Ready, Set, Grover!
Sesame Street: Ready, Set, Grover! is a Sesame Street video game that was released on August 2, 2011. The game is available for the Wii and Nintendo DS and promotes healthy advice, as part of Sesame Workshop's Healthy Habits for Life project.  Unlike 2010's Cookie's Counting Carnival and Elmo's A-to-Zoo Adventure, the game was not released on Microsoft Windows.

Sesame Street: Cookie's Counting Carnival
Sesame Street: Cookie's Counting Carnival is a Sesame Street video game developed by American company Black Lantern Studios, released on October 19, 2010, from Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for the Microsoft Windows, the Wii, and Nintendo DS. It also shared the same release date, developer and platforms as Sesame Street: Elmo's A-to-Zoo Adventure.

The Nintendo versions use motion controls via the Wii Remote or touchscreen, and are packaged with special plush covers for the Wii Remote or Nintendo DS stylus to make it more comfortable to hold for players of the game's intended age.  The Windows version is primarily played with point and click mouse controls.
Transco plc v HM Advocate
Transco plc v Her Majesty's Advocate 2003 HCJAC 67 is a Scots criminal law case  that involved the first Scottish prosecution of a public limited company for culpable homicide. The decision is considered significant in Scots law on corporate criminal liability.

Culpable homicide
Culpable homicide is a categorisation of certain offences in various jurisdictions within the Commonwealth of Nations which involves the homicide (illegal killing of a person) either with or without an intention to kill depending upon how a particular jurisdiction has defined the offence. Unusually for those legal systems which have originated or been influenced during rule by the United Kingdom, the name of the offence associates with Scots law rather than English law.
Code of the Secret Service
Code of the Secret Service is a 1939 film directed by Noel M. Smith and starring Ronald Reagan.  It is the second of four films in the U.S. Secret Service Agent Brass Bancroft series, having been preceded by Secret Service of the Air (1939) and followed by Smashing the Money Ring (1939) and Murder in the Air (1940).

The series was part of a late 1930s effort by Warner Bros. Pictures to produce films depicting law enforcement in a positive light under pressure from Homer Stille Cummings (Franklin D. Roosevelt's Attorney General) and Will H. Hays (creator of the Motion Picture Production Code, the film industry's censorship guidelines), due to the studio's part in producing early 1930s films glamorizing gangsters.

The series also enabled Warner Bros. to create Reagan's screen persona, with Reagan even showing up to the set of Code of the Secret Service and asking director Noel M. Smith, "When do I fight and whom?"

Smashing the Money Ring
Smashing the Money Ring is a 1939 American adventure film directed by Terry O. Morse, written by Anthony Coldeway and Raymond L. Schrock, and starring Ronald Reagan, Margot Stevenson, Eddie Foy, Jr., Joe Downing, Charles D. Brown and Joe King. It was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on October 21, 1939.
Evolution Snowboarding
Evolution Snowboarding is a 2002 snowboarding video game both developed and published by Japanese game company Konami. The game takes a new perspective on the snowboarding genre. It is the sequel to Evolution Skateboarding.

Snowboarding
Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a snowboard that is always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games.

Snowboarding was developed in the United States, inspired by skiing and skateboarding, which itself was inspired by surfing. Snowboarding became popular around the world in the late 20th century and was introduced as a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014. As of 2015, its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.
Gordon S. Fahrni
Gordon Samuel Fahrni, (April 13, 1887 – November 3, 1995) a recipient of the Order of Canada, was a Canadian physician and a leader in the Canadian Medical community.  He served as president of the Canadian Medical Association from 1941 to 1942.
An expert on goitre surgery, he was a founder of the American Goitre Association.
He was a medical practitioner for 54 years, dying at age 108.

Goitre
A goitre (British English), or goiter (American English), is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly.

Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency. The term is from the Latin gutturia, meaning throat. Most goitres are not cancerous (i.e., benign), though they may be potentially harmful.
Royal Rajasthan on Wheels
The Royal Rajasthan on Wheels is a luxury tourist train operated by Indian Railways in association with the Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation. Launched in January 2009, it is modelled on the Palace on Wheels and follows a similar route through the state of Rajasthan as well as a few locations in other states.

The tour itinerary includes New Delhi, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Chittorgarh, Sawai Madhopur, Jaipur, Khajuraho, Varanasi, and Agra. Travellers are taken to several prominent tourist, wildlife, and heritage sites across Rajasthan.

Palace on Wheels
The Palace on Wheels is a luxury tourist train in India operated jointly by Indian Railways and the Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation (RTDC). It was launched on 26 January 1982 with the aim of promoting tourism in Rajasthan by offering rail journeys modeled after the personal trains of former Indian princely states.
Tokyo These Days
Tokyo These Days (Japanese: 東京ヒゴロ, Hepburn: Tokyo Higoro) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Taiyō Matsumoto. It was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Big Comic Original Zōkan from June 2019 to June 2023, with its chapters collected in three wideban volumes.

Taiyō Matsumoto
Taiyō Matsumoto (Japanese: 松本 大洋, Hepburn: Matsumoto Taiyō; born October 25, 1967) is a Japanese manga artist. Active as a professional manga artist since the 1980s, he is known for his experimental style and genre-blending works such as Tekkonkinkreet, Ping Pong, and No. 5. Influenced by Katsuhiro Otomo and French bande dessinée, his art combines psychological depth with rough, expressive lines. Matsumoto has won multiple awards, including the Eisner Award and Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize.
Ohmi Railway Taga Line
The Ohmi Railway Taga Line (近江鉄道多賀線, Ōmi Tetsudō Taga-sen) is a regional railway line in Shiga Prefecture operated by Ohmi Railway. It connects Hikone city and Taga town.

The single-track line is 2.5-kilometre (1.6 mi) long, connecting Takamiya on the Main Line in Hikone to Taga Taisha-mae in Taga. It is electrified at 1,500 V DC, and the track gauge is 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in).

Ohmi Railway
Ohmi Railway Co., Ltd. (近江鉄道株式会社, Ōmi Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese private railway company which operates in Shiga Prefecture, and a member of the Seibu group since 1943. The company is named after the Ōmi Province, the former name of the present-day Shiga. The railway is nicknamed "Gachakon train" (ガチャコン電車, Gachakon densha) by local users because of its noisy sound.
Yue Xin (activist)
Yue Xin (Chinese: 岳昕; born c. 1996) is a Chinese student activist and graduate from Peking University who participated in the Jasic labour dispute. A Marxist and feminist, she was known for her advocacy of labour and women's rights prior to her disappearance.

In April 2018, Yue led #MeToo-inspired protests against Peking University's attempted cover up of sexual assault allegations made against their staff. Later that year, she joined striking workers at the Jasic Technology plant in Shenzhen and became a leading member of the Jasic Workers Solidarity Group. Yue disappeared shortly afterwards on 23 August 2018, and in January 2019, the Guangdong police circulated a video of her confessing to various crimes and denouncing her own activism. In August 2023, Photon Media wrote that Yue Xin has been released and is working and volunteering in a library-related NGO in her spare time.

BBC News described Yue as one of China's most influential left-wing activists of 2018.

Photon Media
Photon Media  is a news website reporting on Hong Kong news abroad. Founded in April 2023 by former Hong Kong journalists including Shirley Leung from Apple Daily. Photon Media is based in Taiwan. The advisory team includes Mark Clifford, former editor-in-chief of the South China Morning Post; journalist Ching Cheong; Yi-zheng Joseph Lian, former director of HK Stand News and Josh Rogin from the Washington Post. In August 2025,  Shirley Leung and Edward Li announced that Photon Media and the UK-basked Chaser News would merge into the online news outlet Pulse HK.
Hagstrom Map
Hagstrom Map, based in Maspeth, Queens, was the best-selling brand of road maps in the New York City metropolitan area from the mid-20th to early 21st century. The New York Times in 2002 described Hagstrom's Five Borough Atlas as New York City's "map of record" for the previous 60 years.

With the rise of GPS navigation and other electronic maps in the early 2000s, the printed-map business shrank to a fraction of its former size, undergoing extensive consolidation.  In 2009, the Maspeth headquarters were shut down; production then moved to Deland, Florida with the company's acquisition by the Kappa Publishing Group who placed Hagstrom in its Kappa Map Group entity. The Kappa Map Group suddenly ceased operations in early 2022 when the group's Managing Director departed for another position and no so-called "white knight" was found to rescue the mapping group. Decades of cartographic work was abandoned when the Map Group closed down.

Kappa Publishing Group
Kappa Publishing Group, Inc. is a Blue Bell, Pennsylvania-based publishing company concentrating on adult puzzle books and magazines as well as children's magazines and maps. It is a private company founded in 1955 with $11.5 million in annual sales.
Metropolitana FM
Metropolitana FM is a Brazilian radio network headquartered in São Paulo, featuring programming focused on pop music, sertanejo music, and funk. Its main station in the São Paulo metropolitan area broadcasts at 98.5 MHz. The network has branches in Aracaju, Belém, Goiânia, Maceió, Salvador, Foz do Iguaçu, Ribeirão Preto, Tucuruí, and Araguatins.

Aracaju
Aracaju (Brazilian Portuguese: [aɾakaˈʒu]; English: /ˌærəkəˈʒuː/ ARR-ə-kə-ZHOO ⓘ) is the capital of the state of Sergipe, in northeastern Brazil, about 350 km (217 mi) north of Salvador. According to the 2020 estimate, the city has 664,908 inhabitants, which represents approximately 33% of the state population. Adding to the populations of the municipalities forming the Metropolitan area: Barra dos Coqueiros, Nossa Senhora do Socorro and São Cristóvão. Its Metropolitan Cathedral Nossa Senhora da Conceiçao, dedicated to Our Lady of Immaculate Conception, is the archiepiscopal see of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Aracaju.
Cheeky Blakk
Angela Sherrie Woods (born April 3, 1975), known professionally as Cheeky Blakk, is a New Orleans-based rapper and performer. She is recognized as a pioneering female artist in the male-dominated New Orleans bounce scene. Her 1994 track “Twerk Something,” the first to use the term in a song, has been called one of the essential songs of the genre.

Blakk has worked with artists such as Trombone Shorty, Galactic, Charmaine Neville, and Kermit Ruffins and the Rebirth Brass Band. Her film and television credits include HBO’s Treme and FX’s American Horror Story.

Trombone Shorty
Troy Andrews (born January 2, 1986), also known by the stage name Trombone Shorty, is an American musician, most notably a trombone player, from New Orleans, Louisiana. His music fuses rock, pop, jazz, funk, and hip hop.
1996 EA-Generali Ladies Linz – Doubles
Meredith McGrath and Nathalie Tauziat were the defending champions but only McGrath competed that year with Manon Bollegraf.

Bollegraf and McGrath won in the final 6–4, 6–4 against Rennae Stubbs and Helena Suková.

Rennae Stubbs
Rennae Stubbs (born 26 March 1971) is an Australian former professional tennis player, coach and television commentator. She was ranked number 1 in the world in doubles, and the winner of 4 major doubles titles and 2 mixed doubles titles as well as 66 WTA doubles titles. She is the host of "The Rennae Stubbs Tennis Podcast". She worked at the Seven Network between 2011 and 2018 as an analyst and is now a full time commentator for ESPN tennis. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. In January 2019, Stubbs received the OLY post-nominal title at the Brisbane International tournament. She is also the longest-serving member of the Australian BJK Cup team.
UD Rotlet Molinar
Unión Deportiva Rotlet Molinar is a Spanish football team based in the town of Palma de Mallorca, in the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. Founded in 1986, they play in Tercera Federación – Group 11, holding home matches at Camp de Futbol Municipal de Rotlet-Molinar, with a capacity of 1,500 people.

Tercera Federación
Tercera Federación, previously known as Tercera RFEF, is the fifth tier of the Spanish football league system. It is below the La Liga, Segunda División, and its fellow semi-professional divisions Primera Federación and Segunda Federación. It was founded in 1929 as the third tier, and dropped down to the fourth and fifth tiers in 1977 and 2021, respectively.
2008 African Volleyball Championship U19
The 2008 African Volleyball Championship U19 was the tenth edition of the African Volleyball Championship U19. It was held in Cairo, Egypt, from December 21 to December 25, 2008. The top three teams will qualify for the 2009 Youth World Championship.

Men's U19 African Volleyball Championship
The Men's U18 African Volleyball Championship is a sport competition for national teams with players under 18 years, currently held biannually and organized by the African Volleyball Confederation, the Africa volleyball federation. The competition was played with teams of U19 till the 2022 edition.
Poo Poova Poothirukku
Poo Poova Poothirukku (transl. Flowers are blossomed) is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language film directed by V. Azhagappan and produced by Kaveri Manoharan. The film stars Prabhu, Saritha and Amala. It was released on 18 September 1987.

V. Azhagappan
Vendhampatti Azhagappan was an Indian film director and screenwriter who has worked on Tamil films. He rose to fame after making the romantic drama film Aagaya Thamaraigal (1985) featuring Suresh and Revathi and continued to make films in the same genre.
Gabriel Bablon
Gabriel Bablon (1 September 1905 - 27 March 1956) was a French army officer and Compagnon de la Libération. A Legion Officer seconded from the ranks, who had already accumulated more than fifteen years of service, when the Second World War began, he refused defeat and continued fighting in the ranks of the Free French Forces. Engaged in the Western Desert Campaign, he illustrated capability during the Battle of Bir Hakeim and the Second Battle of El Alamein. Later he participated to the Italian campaign and the Liberation of France. Pursuing later his military career after the war, he served in Indochina and in Germany before retiring.

Second Battle of El Alamein
The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis from advancing further into Egypt.

In October 1942 Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery,  commander of Eighth Army, opened his offensive against the Axis forces. In a 13-day battle the Axis Panzerarmee Afrika was crushed and forced to retreat from Egypt and Libya to the borders of Tunisia. The Allied victory at El Alamein was the beginning of the end of the Western Desert Campaign.

The battle ended the Axis threat to the Middle East and Iran and revived the morale of the western Allies, being their first big success against the Axis since Operation Crusader in late 1941. The end of the battle coincided with the Allied invasion of French North Africa in Operation Torch on 8 November, which opened a second front in North Africa.
Call Me Mister (film)
Call Me Mister is a 1951 American Technicolor musical film directed by Lloyd Bacon and starring Betty Grable, Dan Dailey, Danny Thomas, Dale Robertson, Benay Venuta and Richard Boone. The film is based on the 1946 Broadway stage play by Albert E. Lewin and Burt Styler. with music by Harold Rome that featured cast members from the American armed forces. However, only three of Rome's numbers are heard in the film.

Benay Venuta
Benay Venuta (born Benvenuta Rose Crooke; January 27, 1910 – September 1, 1995) was an American actress, singer and dancer.  She is best known for her work in the mid and late 1930s, in which she parlayed her success on Broadway into star treatment on network radio.  After World War II, she developed an enduring career as a supporting actress in musicals on stage and in Hollywood, interspersed with work on television.
Red Voodoo
Red Voodoo is the eleventh studio album by American rock musician Sammy Hagar, and his first album to feature his band the Waboritas. This album was released on March 23, 1999, by MCA Records. When Hagar finished touring in support of his Marching to Mars album, he recorded this album. Red Voodoo is an extension of the party atmosphere that permeated Hagar's concerts on that tour and the album contains a party-vibe. "Mas Tequila" was the lead single and alluded to Hagar's other career endeavor, as his Cabo Wabo tequila was being distributed throughout the United States.

Marching to Mars
Marching to Mars is the tenth studio album by American rock singer Sammy Hagar, and his first post-Van Halen solo album. It features various musicians on different songs. It was released on May 20, 1997, by MCA Records. "Little White Lie" was a major mainstream rock hit, topping the mainstream rock tracks chart for five weeks.
A Dangerous Adventure (serial)
A Dangerous Adventure is a 1922 American silent adventure serial film directed by Sam Warner and Jack L. Warner and written by Sam Warner. The film stars Grace Darmond, Philo McCullough, Jack Richardson, Robert Agnew, Derelys Perdue, and Rex De Rosselli. The film was released by Warner Bros. on November 1, 1922.

Rex De Rosselli
Rex De Rosselli (May 1, 1878 – July 21, 1941), was an American actor of the silent era, mainly appearing in Westerns. He appeared in more than 150 films between 1911 and 1926. He was born in Kentucky and died in East Saint Louis. He also served as head trainer of the Universal City Zoo from approximately 1915 to 1917. Rex De Rosselli was described as a "silver-haired Beau Brummell" who alternated film work in the winters and circus work in the summers.
Rashaan Melvin
Rashaan DeMarcus Melvin (born October 2, 1989) is an American former professional football cornerback and current assistant secondary coach for the Nebraska Cornhuskers. He played college football for the Northern Illinois Huskies and signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent in 2013.

Leonard Johnson (defensive back, born 1990)
Leonard Johnson (born March 30, 1990) is an American former professional football coach and former player who is a coaching assistant for the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL). He played in the NFL as a defensive back.

Johnson played college football for the Iowa State Cyclones and was signed by the NFL's Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent in 2012. Heal also played for the New England Patriots, Carolina Panthers, Buffalo Bills, and Arizona Cardinals.
We Go Down Together
"We Go Down Together" is a song recorded by American singers Dove Cameron and Khalid, released by Disruptor and Columbia Records on February 10, 2023. A slow love ballad that marked a sonic shift for Cameron, she recruited Khalid to collaborate with her on the song, which she has expressed her gratitude for.

"We Go Down Together" was mostly well-received by critics, with magazines including Gay Times and V complimenting Cameron and Khalid's vocals together, while The Harvard Crimson criticized the lyrical content and production. The song charted in Canada and New Zealand.

Gay Times
Gay Times (stylized in all caps), also known as Gay Times Magazine and as GT, is a UK-based LGBTQ+ magazine established in 1984. Originally a magazine for gay and bisexual men, the company began including content for the LGBTQ+ community across a number of outlets, including a monthly digital magazine, a website updated daily with news and culture content, and a number of social-media platforms.