hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foundry (video game)
Foundry is a factory simulation video game developed by Channel 3 Entertainment and published by Paradox Interactive. It was released on Steam for Windows in early access on May 2, 2024. The player takes control of a worker on an alien planet who builds factories that construct robots, then sells them. It also contains online cooperative multiplayer. The game has been heavily compared to Satisfactory in its setting and gameplay. It was praised by reviewers for its voxel-based, procedurally-generated world resembling Minecraft, though it was also criticized as being overly forgiving in its gameplay and lacking difficulty.

Satisfactory
Satisfactory is a factory simulation game by Coffee Stain Studios for Windows, Xbox, and Playstation. The player (referred to as "pioneer") is dropped onto an alien planet with a handful of tools and must use the planet's natural resources to construct increasingly complex factories. The initial goal is to construct a space elevator, through which the Pioneer begins supplying the megacorp the player works for (FICSIT Inc.) with increasingly numerous and complex components for their unknown, but stated to be prudent, purposes. These exports unlock access to new technology that in turn unlocks a new tier of manufacturing and refinement machines to support the production of the next phase of parts to be delivered to FICSIT.

Satisfactory was made available for early access on 19 March 2019. By January 2024, the game had sold 5.5 million copies. The full version of the game was released on 10 September 2024 for PC, and was released on PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S on 4 November 2025.
Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council
The Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council (Chinese: 国务院学位委员会) is an academic authority established by the State Council of the People's Republic of China, responsible for leading and managing the granting of academic degrees and related work nationwide. Its administrative office is jointly operating with the Department of Academic Degrees Management and Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Education. Under the committee, there are a number of subject consultative expert groups for different academic disciplines.

Ministry of Education (China)
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China. The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, degree curriculum, and school teachers of the country.

The Ministry of Education currently has 19 internal departments and bureaus. As of 2022, there were 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.
Gulf pipefish
The Gulf pipefish (Syngnathus scovelli) is a species of pipefish in the member of the taxonomic family Sygnathidae. Syngnathus scovelli is native to the region of south Florida, United States, the Atlantic Ocean, etc. S. scovelli is similar to Microphis brachyurus.

Pipefish
Pipefishes or  pipe-fishes (Syngnathinae) are a subfamily of small fishes, which, together with the seahorses and seadragons (Phycodurus and Phyllopteryx), form the family Syngnathidae. The name comes from Ancient Greek σύν (sún), meaning "together", and γνάθος (gnáthos), meaning "jaw", referring to the fused jaw that the subfamily's species have in common.
Robert Pack (basketball)
Robert John Pack Jr. (born February 3, 1969) is an American professional basketball coach and former player. He last coached the Rwandan club REG of the Basketball Africa League A 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) point guard, he played 13 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Basketball Africa League
The Basketball Africa League (BAL) is the premier men's basketball league in Africa. Founded in 2019, the league was established and is co-organized by NBA Africa and the International Basketball Federation (FIBA).

Each season typically runs from March to June, and in the current format of the league consists of twelve teams. Each of the teams qualify through their performance in their domestic competition. Seven teams qualify directly, while five others have to play in the Road to BAL. The group stage is divided into three conferences, which are followed by playoffs to determine the champions. The BAL champions of each season automatically qualify for the FIBA Intercontinental Cup.

The first season was held in 2021 and thus far, five different champions have won the competition.
Christine Siddoway
Christine Siddoway is an American Antarctic researcher, best known for her work on the geology and tectonics of the Ford Ranges in western Marie Byrd Land. Other discoveries relate to preserved records of continental-interior sedimentation during the Sturtian glaciation, Cryogenian Period, in Rodinia, and evidence of a reduced Pliocene extent of the West Antarctic ice sheet, based upon investigation of clasts transported to/deposited in deep water by ice rafting in the Amundsen Sea.

Amundsen Sea
The Amundsen Sea is an arm of the Southern Ocean off Marie Byrd Land in western Antarctica. It lies between Cape Flying Fish (the northwestern tip of Thurston Island) to the east and Cape Dart on Siple Island to the west. Cape Flying Fish marks the boundary between the Amundsen Sea and the Bellingshausen Sea. West of Cape Dart there is no named marginal sea of the Southern Ocean between the Amundsen and Ross Seas. The Norwegian expedition of 1928–1929 under Captain Nils Larsen named the body of water for the Norwegian polar explorer Roald Amundsen while exploring this area in February 1929.

The sea is mostly ice-covered, and the Thwaites Ice Tongue protrudes into it. The ice sheet which drains into the Amundsen Sea averages about 3 km (1.9 mi) in thickness; roughly the size of the state of Texas, this area is known as the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE); it forms one of the three major ice-drainage basins of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
Tom Toles
Thomas Gregory Toles (born October 22, 1951) is a retired American political cartoonist. He is the winner of the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for editorial cartooning.  His cartoons typically presented progressive viewpoints. Similar to Oliphant's use of his character Punk, Toles also tended to include a small doodle, usually a small caricature of himself at his desk, in the margin of his strip.

Pat Oliphant
Patrick Bruce "Pat" Oliphant (born 24 July 1935) is an Australian-born American artist whose career spanned more than sixty years. His body of work primarily focuses on American and global politics, culture, and corruption; he is particularly known for his caricatures of American presidents and other powerful leaders. Over the course of his long career, Oliphant produced thousands of daily editorial cartoons, dozens of bronze sculptures, and a large oeuvre of drawings and paintings. He retired in 2015.
Altenburger Land I
Altenburger Land I is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Landtag of Thuringia. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 43. It covers the western part of Altenburger Land.

Altenburger Land I was created for the 1994 state election. Originally named Altenburg I, it was renamed after the 1994 election. Since 2024, it has been represented by Thomas Hoffmann of Alternative for Germany (AfD).

Thomas Hoffmann
Thomas Hoffmann (born 1979 in Altenburg) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Thuringia since 2024. He is the group leader of the Alternative for Germany in the district council of Altenburger Land.
Secret Lives (film)
Secret Lives is a 1937 British war drama film directed by Edmond T. Gréville and starring Brigitte Horney, Neil Hamilton and Raymond Lovell. It was made at Ealing Studios by the independent Phoenix Films. The screenplay concerns a young woman who is recruited into the French secret service.

The film is also known by the alternative title of I Married a Spy.

Raymond Lovell
Raymond Lovell (13 April 1900 – 1 October 1953) was a Canadian actor who performed in British films. He mainly played supporting roles, often somewhat pompous characters.

Lovell initially trained as a physician at Cambridge University, but gave up medicine for the stage in the 1920s. On stage he appeared as Henry VIII in The Queen Who Kept Her Head. In 1941 he starred in Vernon Sylvaine's Warn That Man!, then reprised his role for the 1943 film adaptation.

Lovell married Margot Ruddock, an actress, singer and poet, with whom he had a daughter, Simone Lovell. This relationship broke down when Ruddock began an affair with W. B. Yeats in 1934, the year her daughter was born. In 1947 he married Tamara Desni; they divorced in 1951.
Nexus degree
A nexus degree is an undergraduate degree awarded in Georgia, United States, after a course of post-secondary study. It is a level of qualification with hour requirements comparable to an associate degree. However, it incorporates an internship or apprenticeship requirement as well as a number of upper-division specialization courses that are more typical for a bachelor's degree or master's degree. The nexus degree can serve as a first degree or a professional degree depending on the context.

The nexus degree was introduced in the state of Georgia in 2020. It is the first new accredited degree type introduced in the United States since associate degrees were first awarded in 1898. It was designed to create more flexibility in higher education, compete with professional certifications and microcredentials, make career transitions easier, and offer more specialization for traditional students wanting to enter high-demand fields.

Undergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree (also called a first degree or simply a degree) is an academic degree awarded to a student who has completed an undergraduate program of study. In the United States, undergraduate degrees are typically offered at institutions of higher education such as colleges and universities. The most common types are the associate degree and the bachelor's degree, with the latter usually requiring at least three to four years of full-time study to complete.

In other higher education systems, the scope of undergraduate education may extend up to the level of a master's degree. This structure is found, for example, in certain science courses in the United Kingdom and in some long-cycle medicine programs in continental Europe. Such qualifications are sometimes categorized as basic academic degrees or as first professional degrees.
Fredrik Henrik af Chapman
Vice-Admiral Fredrik Henrik af Chapman (9 September 1721 – 19 August 1808) was a Swedish Navy officer, shipwright and scientist. Serving as the manager of the Karlskrona shipyard from 1782 to 1793, Chapman has been credited as the first person to apply scientific methods to shipbuilding and is considered to be the first naval architect.

Chapman was the author of Architectura Navalis Mercatoria (1768) and several other shipbuilding-related works. His Tractat om Skepps-Byggeriet ("Treatise on Shipbuilding") published in 1775 is a pioneering work in modern naval architecture. He was the first shipbuilder in Northern Europe to introduce prefabrication in shipyards and managed to produce several series of ships in record time. He was ennobled as "af Chapman" in 1772, after the successful coup of Gustav III of Sweden.

Karlskrona
Karlskrona (UK: /ˈkɑːrlskroʊnə/, US: /kɑːrlzˈkruːnə/, Swedish: [kaɭsˈkrûːna] ⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Karlskrona Municipality, Blekinge County, Sweden with a population of 66,675 in 2018. It is also the capital of Blekinge County. Karlskrona is known as Sweden's only baroque city and is host to Sweden's largest naval base and the headquarters of the Swedish Coast Guard.

Historically, the city has been home to a German minority, thus enabling the formation of a German Congregational church. It also counted Jewish people in its population.

In 1998, parts of the city, including the Karlskrona Naval Base, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
George Barclay (RAF officer)
Richard George Arthur Barclay, DFC (7 December 1919 – 17 July 1942) was a Royal Air Force fighter pilot and flying ace of the Second World War. He is credited with destroying at least eight aircraft.

From Upper Norwood, Barclay was a member of the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve when he was called up to serve in the RAF on the outbreak of the Second World War. He volunteered to be posted to Fighter Command and once his training was completed in July 1940 he was posted to No. 249 Squadron. He flew during the Battle of Britain, claiming a number of aerial victories before being wounded shortly after the end of the battle. He later served with No. 611 Squadron during the Circus offensive of 1941 and was shot down over France in September of that year. He was able to evade capture and eventually returned to the United Kingdom. He was posted to Egypt in early July 1942 as commander of No. 238 Squadron. He was killed in action later that month during the First Battle of El Alamein

RAF Fighter Command
RAF Fighter Command was one of the commands of the Royal Air Force. It was formed in 1936 to allow more specialised control of fighter aircraft. It operated throughout the Second World War, winning fame during the Battle of Britain in 1940. The command continued until November 1943, when it was disbanded and the RAF fighter force was split into two categories, defence and attack. The defensive force became Air Defence of Great Britain (ADGB) and the offensive force became the RAF Second Tactical Air Force. ADGB was renamed Fighter Command in October 1944 and continued to provide defensive patrols around Britain. It was disbanded for the second time in 1968, when it was subsumed by the new Strike Command.
Arvo Sarapuu
Arvo Sarapuu (August 26, 1953 – March 17, 2020) was an Estonian businessman, politician, and member of the Estonian Centre Party. Sarapuu served as the first post-independence County Governor of Järva County from 1989 until 1997. He then served as the Deputy Mayor of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, from April 2011 until his resignation on May 26, 2017, due to allegations of corruption.

Arvo Sarapuu died on March 17, 2020, at the age of 66. He was survived by his wife, Kersti Sarapuu, who served as Mayor of Paide from 2005 to 2011, and their five children. Sarapuu was buried in Metsakalmistu cemetery in Tallinn.

Kersti Sarapuu
Kersti Sarapuu (born 5 May 1954 in Põltsamaa, Jõgeva County) is an Estonian politician. She has been a member of the XIII and XIV Riigikogu.

In 1986 she graduated from Tallinn University of Technology in industry management and planning.

From 2005 to 2011 she was the mayor of Paide.

Since 2002 she is a member of Estonian Centre Party.
Anzia mahaeliyensis
Anzia mahaeliyensis is a species of foliose lichen in the large family Parmeliaceae. It was discovered by scientists studying lichens in Sri Lanka's Horton Plains National Park and was named after the local Sinhalese name Maha Eliya for this high-elevation plateau. The lichen forms loose grey to bluish-grey rosettes on tree bark, with narrow forked lobes that bear abundant small cylindrical structures for asexual reproduction across their upper surfaces. It is endemic to the cloud forests of Sri Lanka's Central Highlands at elevations of 2,150–2,175 meters, where it grows on both living and dead montane forest trees in persistently misty, cool conditions.

Rosette (botany)
In botany, a rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves.

In flowering plants, rosettes usually sit near the soil, but they can also be at the top of an otherwise leafless branch or trunk. Their structure is an example of a modified stem in which the internode gaps between the leaves do not expand, so that all the leaves remain clustered tightly together and at a similar height. Some insects induce the development of galls that are leafy rosettes.

In bryophytes and algae, a rosette results from the repeated branching of the thallus as the plant grows, resulting in a circular outline.
Fry Building
The Fry Building of the University of Bristol is a Grade II listed building built in 1909 by Sir George Oatley.

In September 2019, staff and postgraduate students moved into the refurbished building ahead of the start of term.

George Oatley
Sir George Herbert Oatley FRIBA (3 January 1863 – 12 May 1950) was an English architect noted for his work in Bristol, especially the gothic Wills Memorial Building. He was knighted for public service in 1925.
Courtney Senior
Courtney Fitzroy Senior (born 30 June 1997) is an English professional footballer who plays as a winger for National League South club Farnborough.

He is a product of the Brentford Academy and made his professional debut on loan at League Two club Wycombe Wanderers in February 2015. He joined Colchester United in June 2016, where he made 145 appearances and scored 14 goals in five years with the club.

Farnborough F.C.
Farnborough Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Farnborough, Hampshire, England. Founded in 1967 as Farnborough Town, they are currently members of the National League South, the sixth tier of English football and play at Cherrywood Road.
The 12th Man (album)
The 12th Man is the fourth studio album by American hip hop duo The High & Mighty. It was released on May 31, 2005, via Eastern Conference Records and was produced entirely by DJ Mighty Mi. It featured guest appearances from Sean Price, Princess Superstar, Reef the Lost Cauze and Tame One.

Sean Price
Sean Duval Price (March 17, 1972 – August 8, 2015) was an American rapper and member of the hip hop collective Boot Camp Clik. He was one half of the duo Heltah Skeltah, performing under the name Ruck, along with partner Rock.
Papilio appalachiensis
Papilio appalachiensis, the Appalachian tiger swallowtail, is a species of swallowtail butterfly found in eastern North America, particularly in the Appalachian Mountains. It is a hybrid of another two Papilio species, Papilio canadensis and Papilio glaucus, with which it shares many characteristics. The butterflies are normally yellow and contain black patterns in their wings. Their wingspans range from 86 to 115 mm. The caterpillars range in color from green and yellow to orange and are ornamented with black specks that give them the appearance of a bird dropping, which is useful for camouflage, or a large eye, a form of mimicry that is also efficient for protection.
This species is univoltine. Females lay their eggs in May.

Voltinism
Voltinism is a term used in biology to indicate the number of broods or generations that an organism has each year. The term is most often applied to insects, and is particularly in use in sericulture, in which silkworm varieties vary in their voltinism.

The following adjectives describe organisms:

Univoltine (monovoltine) – having one brood or generation per year

Bivoltine (divoltine) – having two broods or generations per year

Trivoltine – having three broods or generations per year

Multivoltine (polyvoltine) – having more than two broods or generations per year

Semivoltine – with two meanings:

being less than univoltine; having a brood or generation less often than once per year
having a generation time that lasts more than one year.
Apocalypse Now (album)
Apocalypse Now is Pere Ubu's third live album, and their first to document a single performance.  The show in question, recorded on December 7, 1991, at Schubas Tavern in Chicago, was performed semi-acoustically, with synth-man Eric Drew Feldman instead handling an upright piano, and Jim Jones playing an amplified (and occasionally heavily distorted) acoustic guitar.

Eric Drew Feldman
Eric Drew Feldman (born April 16, 1955) is an American musician. Feldman has worked with Captain Beefheart, Fear, Snakefinger, The Residents, Pere Ubu, Pixies, dEUS, Katell Keineg, Frank Black, The Polyphonic Spree, Tripping Daisy, Reid Paley, Charlotte Hatherley, Custard and PJ Harvey.
Triple-A Plowed Under
Triple-A Plowed Under is a Living Newspaper play produced by the Federal Theatre Project in 1936. Written by Arthur Arent from research by the editorial staff of the Federal Theatre Project and directed by Joseph Losey, it focused on the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 and the plight of Dust Bowl farmers. The production premiered on Broadway at the Biltmore Theatre on March 14, 1936 and ran until May 2, 1936.

Agricultural Adjustment Act
The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) of 1933 was a United States federal law of the New Deal era designed to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses. The government bought livestock for slaughter and paid farmers subsidies not to plant on part of their land. The money for these subsidies was generated through an exclusive tax on companies that processed farm products. The Act created a new agency, the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, also called "AAA" (1933–1942), an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, to oversee the distribution of the subsidies. The Agriculture Marketing Act, which established the Federal Farm Board in 1929, was seen as an important precursor to this act. The AAA, along with other New Deal programs, represented the federal government's first substantial effort to address economic welfare in the United States.
Shellharbour City Centre
Shellharbour City Centre is the central business district of the City of Shellharbour, located in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia (not to be confused with the suburb, Shellharbour). Its name reflects its status as the commercial and administrative centre for the City of Shellharbour local government area, and is home to the Council Administration Centre (located in the Civic Centre), Stockland Shellharbour shopping centre, cinemas and other retail shops. In recent years, apartment buildings have become more common within the district.

The suburb was planned and developed to be the commercial heart of the local government area. The concept was developed in the 1970s by council in conjunction with the New South Wales Department of Planning.  Planning and development has since been undertaken by council in partnership with Landcom, in an area of land that was formerly part of Blackbutt.

City of Shellharbour
The City of Shellharbour is a local government area in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The city is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of Sydney and covers the southern suburbs of the Wollongong urban area centred on Shellharbour. At the 2021 census, it had an estimated population of 76,271.

The area is bordered by the City of Wollongong to the north, with the boundary being the Lake Illawarra entrance (and the suburb of Lake Illawarra) and Macquarie Rivulet (Albion Park Rail).  The Municipality of Kiama is to the south of the City of Shellharbour.

The mayor of the Shellharbour City Council is Cr. Chris Homer.
Saint Tikhon's Orthodox Theological Seminary
Saint Tikhon's Orthodox Theological Seminary (Russian: Свято-Тихоновская духовная семинария) is an Orthodox Christian seminary located in South Canaan Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania. It is one of three seminaries operated by the Orthodox Church in America, the others being St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary in Crestwood, Yonkers, New York, and St. Herman's Orthodox Theological Seminary in Kodiak, Alaska. It is named after Tikhon of Zadonsk.

Saint Herman Theological Seminary
Saint Herman’s Orthodox Theological Seminary is an Orthodox Christian seminary located in Kodiak, Alaska, with a campus in Anchorage. Established as a pastoral school in 1972, the seminary now provides a number of educational programs to prepare students for work in the Orthodox Church, as readers, choir directors, church school teachers, and clergy.