hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sumerian disputations
The Sumerian disputation poem or Sumerian debate is a genre of Sumerian literature in the form of a disputation. Extant compositions from this genre date to the middle-to-late 3rd millennium BC. There are six primary poems belonging to this genre. The genre of Sumerian disputations also differs from Aesopic disputations as the former contain only dialogue without narration. In their own language, the texts are described as adamin in the doxologies at the end of the poem, which literally means "contests (between) two".

Scholars have referred to the genre by various other names as well, such as "precedence poems", "debate poems", and so on. The genre outlived its Sumerian form and continued to resonate in texts written in Middle Eastern languages for millennia.

The most well-attested of these poems are the Hoe and Plow and the Ewe and Grain, with over 60 and 70 manuscripts available for each respectively.

Doxology
A doxology (Ancient Greek: δοξολογία doxologia, from δόξα, doxa 'glory' and -λογία, -logia 'saying') is a short hymn of praises to God in various forms of Christian worship, often added to the end of canticles, psalms, and hymns. The tradition derives from a similar practice in the Jewish synagogue, where some version of the Kaddish serves to terminate each section of the service.
Begonia boliviensis
Begonia boliviensis is a plant in the begonia family, Begoniaceae, which was introduced to Europe in 1864 by Richard Pearce who discovered it in the Bolivian Andes, although the plant had previously been identified by Hugh Weddell in the same region but not introduced.

Begonia boliviensis is of special historical interest to gardeners, being one of the species used by John Seden in the production of the first hybrid tuberous begonia raised in England, B. × sedenii.

The plant originates from montane cloud forests on the eastern side of the Andes in Bolivia and Argentina. It is typically found in rock crevices and slopes near streams, where plant competition is low.

It was exhibited for the first time at the International Horticultural Show in Paris, in May 1867, when it attracted much attention from both botanists and horticulturists, "more than any other plant then brought to that magnificent exhibition."

John Seden
John Seden (1840–1921) was a hybridist and horticulturist best known for the hybrids he created while in the employment of Veitch Nurseries. He was trained in hybridizing by John Dominy in 1861. In 1873 he began hybridizing tuberous begonias which in turn formed the basis from which modern garden begonias are derived.
Gonadotropin surge-attenuating factor
Gonadotropin surge-attenuating factor (GnSAF) is a nonsteroidal ovarian hormone produced by the granulosa cells of small antral ovarian follicles in females. GnSAF is involved in regulating the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary and the ovarian cycle. During the early to mid-follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, GnSAF acts on the anterior pituitary to attenuate LH release, limiting the secretion of LH to only basal levels. At the transition between follicular and luteal phase, GnSAF bioactivity declines sufficiently to permit LH secretion above basal levels, resulting in the mid-cycle LH surge that initiates ovulation. In normally ovulating women, the LH surge only occurs when the oocyte is mature and ready for extrusion. GnSAF bioactivity is responsible for the synchronised, biphasic nature of LH secretion.

Oocyte
An oocyte (/ˈoʊəsaɪt/, oöcyte, or ovocyte) is a female germ cell involved in sexual reproduction. An oocyte is an immature ovum, an immature egg cell produced in a female fetus in the ovary during gametogenesis.  During oogenesis, the oogonia become primary oocytes. An oocyte is a form of genetic material that can be collected for cryopreservation.
Uncutxtra Magazine
UncutXtra is a UK-based quarterly fashion, entertainment and lifestyle magazine that covers many topics, including haute couture fashion, beauty, food, books and societal issues. UncutXtra has featured numerous actors, musicians, and other notable celebrities. Its first issue was published on October 2020, featuring Dorathy Bachor. In its issues, the magazine features includes Paul Onwanibe, Whitemoney, Mr Macaroni, MC Lively, amongst others.

Big Brother Naija season 5
Big Brother Naija Season 5, also known as Big Brother Naija: Lockdown, is the fifth season of the Nigerian version of the reality show Big Brother. It premiered on 19 July 2020 on Africa Magic with a live feed available on DStv channel 198 and GOtv channel 29. Ex-housemate Ebuka Obi-Uchendu from season one returned as host.

The winner of this season was Laycon and he won ₦85 million worth of prizes.
William Orlamond
William Anderson Orlamond (1 August 1867 – 23 April 1957) was a Danish-American film actor. Orlamond appeared in more than 80 films between 1912 and 1938.

Orlamond delivered his finest performance in director Victor Sjöström’s masterpiece  The Wind (1928) in the supporting role of “Sourdough.”

Victor Sjöström
Victor David Sjöström (Swedish: [ˈvɪ̌kːtɔr ˈɧø̂ːstrœm] ⓘ; 20 September 1879 – 3 January 1960), also known in the United States as Victor Seastrom, was a pioneering Swedish film director, screenwriter, and actor. He began his career in Sweden, before moving to Hollywood in 1924. Sjöström worked primarily in the silent era; his best known films include The Phantom Carriage (1921), He Who Gets Slapped (1924), and The Wind (1928). Sjöström was Sweden's most prominent director in the "Golden Age of Silent Film" in Europe. Later in life, he played the leading role in Ingmar Bergman's Wild Strawberries (1957).
Roselène Khezami
Roselène Khezami (Arabic: روزلين خزامي ; born 2 September 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Seconde Ligue club Marseille. Born in France, she plays for the Algeria national team.

Algeria women's national football team
The Algeria women's national football team (Arabic: منتخب الجزائر لكرة القدم للسيدات) represents Algeria in international women's football.

Algeria played its first match in 1998, against France, and lost 14–0. The team has never qualified for a World Cup. It has qualified six times for the Women's Africa Cup of Nations.

Algeria plays its home games at the Stade du 5 Juillet in Algiers and is coached by Farid Benstiti since December 2022. They are currently ranked 84th in the world in the FIFA women's rankings. The team's highest ranking was 64th, in June 2009.
Gray Peak (Washington)
Gray Peak is an 8,086-foot (2,465-metre) mountain summit located in the Methow Mountains, a sub-range of the North Cascades in Washington state.  Situated on Sawtooth Ridge, west of Oval Lakes, Gray Peak is protected by the Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness within the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. The nearest higher peak is Courtney Peak, 1.07 miles (1.72 km) to the southeast. Precipitation runoff on the south side of the mountain drains into nearby Lake Chelan via Fish Creek, whereas the north side of the mountain drains into Oval Creek, which is a tributary of the Twisp River.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
Alexander Wang (designer)
Alexander Wang (born December 26, 1983) is an American fashion designer. Wang launched his eponymous fashion brand in 2005 and came to prominence after being awarded the CFDA/Vogue Fashion Fund in 2008. He is known for his urban-inspired designs and use of black.

From November 2012 through July 2015, Wang was creative director at Balenciaga.

Council of Fashion Designers of America
The Council of Fashion Designers of America, Inc. (CFDA), founded in 1962 by publicist Eleanor Lambert, and headquartered in Manhattan, is a not-for-profit trade association comprising a membership of over 370 American fashion and accessory designers. The organization promotes American designers' participation in the global economy.

In addition to hosting the annual CFDA Fashion Awards, the organization develops future American design talent through scholarships and resources in colleges, and postgraduate schools. The CFDA also provides funding and business opportunities for working designers. Through the CFDA Foundation, the organization engages in various charitable activities.
David Macdonald (biologist)
David Whyte Macdonald CBE FRSE (born 1951) is a British zoologist and conservation biologist. He first became internationally known for his early research on red foxes, which led to award-winning documentary films and books, as well as contributions to wildlife conservation policy. He is best known as the founder of the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU) at the University of Oxford, established in 1986, which he directed for 35 years. Macdonald is a Senior Research Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford with the Title of Distinction of Professor of Wildlife Conservation at the University of Oxford. He has been an active conservation biologist since graduating from Oxford in 1972, where he earned a BA (1972), MA (1973), DPhil (1977) and DSc (2004).

Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.

The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.
Frame fields in general relativity
In general relativity, a frame field (also called a tetrad or vierbein) is a set of four pointwise-orthonormal vector fields, one timelike and three spacelike, defined on a Lorentzian manifold that is physically interpreted as a model of spacetime. The timelike unit vector field is often denoted by  and the three spacelike unit vector fields by . All tensorial quantities defined on the manifold can be expressed using the frame field and its dual coframe field.

Frame fields were introduced into general relativity by Albert Einstein in 1928 and by Hermann Weyl in 1929.

The index notation for tetrads is explained in tetrad (index notation).

Causal structure
In mathematical physics, the causal structure of a Lorentzian manifold describes the possible causal relationships between points in the manifold.
Lorentzian manifolds can be classified according to the types of causal structures they admit (causality conditions).
Paty Ripple Kyndiah
Paty Ripple Kyndiah (7 May 1928 – 26 March 2015) was an Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress party who served as a member of the 12th, 13th and 14th Lok Sabha representing the Shillong constituency of Meghalaya. He served as the Minister of Tribal Affairs between 2004 and 2009 in the cabinet of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.

13th Lok Sabha
The 13th Lok Sabha (20 October 1999 – 6 February 2004) is the thirteenth session of the Lok Sabha (House of the People, or lower house in the Parliament of India). It was convened after 1999 Indian general election held during September–October 1999.

This majority group in the Lok Sabha during this period was the National Democratic Alliance, a nationalist group led by the Bharatiya Janata Party, which won 270 seats, 16 more than 12th Lok Sabha. The NDA, under the leadership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee completed its term until the next general elections of May 2004 for the next 14th Lok Sabha. This was the first non-INC government to complete the full term.

Four sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 13th Lok Sabha after the 1999 Indian general election.
Alpha Sigma Nu
Alpha Sigma Nu (ΑΣΝ) is the honor society of Jesuit colleges and universities. Founded in 1915 at Marquette University as Alpha Sigma Tau, it adopted the current name in 1930. The society  is open to both men and women of every academic discipline in the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities and other Jesuit higher education institutions worldwide. It is present in 32 Jesuit institutions of higher education, 27 of which are in the United States. Alpha Sigma Nu currently has over 90,000 lifetime members and admits around 2,000 new members each year. It is a member of the Association of College Honor Societies.

Association of College Honor Societies
The Association of College Honor Societies (ACHS) is a voluntary membership organization composed of national collegiate and post-graduate honor societies. Founded in 1925, ACHS publishes standards for its member organizations and evaluates applicants based on those criteria. ACHS is a voluntary professional association and is not a governmental accrediting agency.
2024 Euro Winners Challenge
The 2024 Euro Winners Challenge was the fifth edition of the Euro Winners Challenge (ECC), the of Europe's secondary club beach soccer organized by Beach Soccer Worldwide and open to any team that didn't qualify to the main continental competition. The tournament was held from 7 to 13 June in Nazaré in Portugal alongside the 2024 Euro Winners Cup. It is the first edition of the cup to be played as a sort of beach soccer UEFA Europa League and the first one to be win by a Portuguese club, Leixões SC, who qualify - with the losing finalist - to the following EWC.

Euro Winners Challenge
The Euro Winners Challenge (ECC) is the qualification tournament of the Euro Winners Cup, the annual continental beach soccer club competition. It is contested by additional teams that don't meet the criteria to qualify directly to the EWC. The first edition was held in Portugal in 2018 as Nazaré Cup.
The Blood Beast Terror
The Blood Beast Terror (U.S. title: The Vampire-Beast Craves Blood; also known as Blood Beast From Hell and Deathshead Vampire) is a 1968 British horror film directed by Vernon Sewell and starring Peter Cushing, Robert Flemyng and Wanda Ventham. It was written by Peter Bryan. It was released in the UK by Tigon in February 1968, and in the United States by Pacemaker Pictures on a double-bill with Slaughter of the Vampires (1962).

Tigon British Film Productions
Tigon British Film Productions or Tigon was a film production and distribution company, founded by Tony Tenser in 1966.

It is best remembered for its horror films, particularly Witchfinder General (directed by Michael Reeves, 1968) and The Blood on Satan's Claw (directed by Piers Haggard, 1971). Other Tigon films include The Sorcerers (1967), The Haunted House of Horror (1969) and Doomwatch (1972), based on the TV series of the same name. As the name of the company implies, a tigon appears in the logo.
Eddy Santana Putra
Eddy Santana Putra (born 20 January 1957) is an Indonesian politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives from 2019 to 2024, and was the mayor of Palembang between 2003 and 2013. He was a member of PDI-P until 2018, when he moved to Gerindra. Originating from Pangkal Pinang, he was elected as mayor of Palembang through both a city council vote and direct popular vote.

House of Representatives (Indonesia)
6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿6.21028°S 106.80000°E﻿ / -6.21028; 106.80000
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat re'publik indo'nesija], lit. 'People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR, Indonesian: [deˈpeɛr]), is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.

Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (anggota dewan).
Sippola
Sippola is a former municipality of Finland in the former Kymi Province, now in Kymenlaakso. In 1975, it united with neighboring Anjala to form Anjalankoski, which was later merged into Kouvola in 2009.

Anjala
Anjala was a town in Southern Finland, which merged in 1975 with Sippola to form Anjalankoski, later further merged into Kouvola.

Anjala is remembered historically in connection with the 18th-century event known as the Anjala Conspiracy.

The Regina School, one of the country's first public schools, was located here, as was its library, which was the first in the country. They were founded by Rabbe Gottlieb Wrede with the help of the Christian educational society Pro Fide et Christianismo, of which he was a member.
Joan of Arc (horse)
Joan of Arc (foaled 4 February 2018) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. After finishing second on her only start as a juvenile in 2020 she improved in the following year to win the Irish 1,000 Guineas Trial and run second in the Irish 1,000 Guineas before taking the Prix de Diane in France. She went on to run third in the Nassau Stakes.

Irish 1,000 Guineas
The Irish 1,000 Guineas is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to three-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.
Yaritza Reyes
Yaritza Miguelina Reyes-Zmysłowska (née Reyes Ramírez; born 17 December 1993) is a Dominican actress, singer, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Dominican Republic 2013 and represented the Dominican Republic at Miss Universe 2013 in Moscow, Russia. She also won Miss Mundo Dominicana 2016 and then represented Dominican Republic at Miss World 2016 in Washington, D.C., United States.

In 2025, Reyes took part in the 14th season of the Polish adaptation of Top Model. She was elimated from the competition in the penultimate episode, placing fifth overall.

Top Model (Polish TV series)
Top Model (formerly Top Model. Zostań modelką (English: Top Model. Become a Model)) is a Polish reality television series based on Tyra Banks' "America's Next Top Model", which sees a number of aspiring models compete against each other in a variety of competitions to win the title of Top Model among other prizes in hopes of a successful career in the modeling business.

The competition is hosted by Polish American model Joanna Krupa, who serves as the lead judge. The other members of the judging panel are fashion designer Dawid Woliński, runway coach Kasia Sokołowska and photographer Marcin Tyszka. Model Anja Rubik has made several guest appearances throughout the show's run.
Chmielna 89
Chmielna 89 is a high-tech postmodernist skyscraper office building in Warsaw, Poland, located at 89 Chmielna Street, at the intersection with Miedziana Street, and near Jerusalem Avenue, within the Wola district. It borders the V Tower skyscraper. The 14-storey-building has the height of 79 m (259 ft), with an irregular form of a asymmetrically-dented trapezoidal polyhedron, with each side having a different shape. It was opened in 2020, and is the headquarters of PKO Bank Polski.

Jerusalem Avenue, Warsaw
Jerusalem Avenue (Polish: Aleje Jerozolimskie) is one of the principal streets of the capital city of Warsaw in Poland. It runs through the City Centre along the east–west axis, linking the western borough of Wola with the bridge on the Vistula River and the borough of Praga on the other side of the river.
Fushimi-juku (Tōkaidō)
Fushimi-juku (伏見宿, Fushimi-juku) was the first station on the Ōsaka Kaidō (or fifty-fourth of the fifty-seven stations of the Tōkaidō). It is located in Fushimi-ku in the present-day city of Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.

Tōkaidō (road)
The Tōkaidō road (東海道, Tōkaidō; [to̞ːka̠ido̞ː]), which roughly means "eastern sea route," was the most important of the Five Routes of the Edo period in Japan, connecting Kyoto to the de facto capital of Japan at Edo (modern-day Tokyo). Unlike the inland and less heavily travelled Nakasendō, the Tōkaidō travelled along the sea coast of eastern Honshū, hence the route's name.

The Tōkaidō was first used in ancient times as a route from Kyoto to Hitachi Province (central Honshu) before the Edo period.
Blériot XII
The Blériot XII was an early French aeroplane built by Louis Blériot. It was first flown in May 1909 and was the first aircraft to be flown with two passengers on board, and was used by Blériot to gain second place in the 1909 Gordon Bennett Cup and to set a new world speed record.

Gordon Bennett Trophy (aeroplanes)
The Gordon Bennett Aviation Trophy is an international airplane racing trophy that was awarded by James Gordon Bennett Jr., the American owner and publisher of the New York Herald newspaper. The trophy is one of three Gordon Bennett awards: Bennett was also the sponsor of an automobile race and a ballooning competition.

The terms of the trophy competition were the same as those of the Schneider Trophy: each race was hosted by the nation which had won the preceding race, and the trophy would be won outright by the nation whose team won the race three times in succession. Accordingly, after Joseph Sadi-Lecointe's victory in 1920 the trophy became the permanent possession of the Aéro-Club de France.
Christopher Meyer
Sir Christopher John Rome Meyer KCMG (22 February 1944 – 27 July 2022) was a British diplomat who served as Ambassador to the United States (1997–2003), Ambassador to Germany (1997), and chairman of the Press Complaints Commission (2003–2009).

He was married to Catherine Laylle, founder of the charity Parents & Abducted Children Together and life peer, and an active board member of the Transatlantic Forum for Education and Diplomacy.

Action Against Abduction
Action Against Abduction, formerly known as Parents and Abducted Children Together (PACT), is an international non-profit organisation which specialises in fighting international child abduction and in helping law enforcement agencies find missing children.
Zoran Vujović
Zoran Vujović (Croatian pronunciation: [zòran ʋûːjoʋitɕ]; born 26 August 1958) is a Croatian retired footballer who played as a defender.

His twin brother, Zlatko, is also a former professional footballer. They were both Yugoslav internationals, and both spent a large part of their professional careers in France.

Yugoslavia national football team
The Yugoslavia national football team represented Yugoslavia in international association football.

Although the team mainly represented the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the post-war SFR Yugoslavia, various iterations of the state were formally constituted in football, including the:

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929)

Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1945)

Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (1945)

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1963)

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1963–1992)

It enjoyed success in international competition, reaching the semi-finals at the 1930 and 1962 FIFA World Cups. In 1992, during the Yugoslav wars, the team was suspended from international competition as part of the United Nations sanctions on Yugoslavia.