hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thacholi Chandu
Thacholi Chandu was a warrior and a legendary hero who is believed to have lived during 17 th century in North Malabar region of Kerala, India. He belonged to the Thacholi family of Nair community. Chandu was married to Thayattu Madathu Mattu Kutti.  He is praised about in Vadakkan Pattukal (ballads of North Malabar). He is the nephew of legendary Thacholi Othenan.

Vadakkan Pattukal
Vadakkan Pattukal (lit. 'the ballads of the north') are a collection of Malayalam ballads from the medieval period (12th-20th century). The genre as a whole represents the sentiment of vira, or the heroic, through its depictions of "valour and sacrifice."
Garganey
The garganey (Spatula querquedula) is a small dabbling duck. It breeds in much of Europe and across the Palearctic, but is strictly migratory, with the entire population moving to Africa, India (in particular Santragachi), Bangladesh (in the natural reservoirs of Sylhet district) and Australasia during the winter of the Northern hemisphere, where large flocks can occur. This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. Like other small ducks such as the Eurasian teal, this species rises easily from the water with a fast twisting wader-like flight.

Their breeding habitat is grassland adjacent to shallow marshes and steppe lakes.

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
History of model organisms
Model organisms are specific organisms studied to gain knowledge of other organisms, to generalize both within and between species. Model organisms offer standards for comparison of other organisms. Model organism strains are standardized by inbreeding and cloning, to limit genetic variation and create a precise basis for comparison.
Some organisms
are experimentally convenient
and/or important for their history
and research community.

The idea of the model organism first took root in the middle of the 19th century with the work of scientists like Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel and their respective work on natural selection and the genetics of heredity.  Beginning in the early 1900s, laboratory experimentation on Drosophila was expanded to use tobacco mosaic virus, E. coli, C57BL/6 (lab mice), etc.  These organisms have led to many advances in the past century.

Tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus species in the genus Tobamovirus that infects a wide range of plants, especially tobacco and other members of the family Solanaceae.  The infection causes characteristic patterns, such as "mosaic"-like mottling and discoloration on the leaves (hence the name). TMV was the first virus to be discovered. Although it was known from the late 19th century that a non-bacterial infectious disease was damaging tobacco crops, it was not until 1930 that the infectious agent was determined to be a virus. It is the first pathogen identified as a virus. The virus was crystallised by Wendell Meredith Stanley. It has a similar size to the largest synthetic molecule, known as PG5 with comparable length and diameter.
Silvia Farina Elia
Silvia Farina-Elia (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsilvja faˈriːna eˈliːa]; born 27 April 1972) is a former professional tennis player from Italy. She won three WTA singles titles, reached the quarterfinals of the 2003 Wimbledon Championships and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 11 in May 2002. Farina-Elia won her first ITF title at Caltagirone in 1991 and her first WTA tournament at Strasbourg in 2001. She made her debut Grand Slam appearance at the 1991 French Open and was coached by husband Francesco Elia, whom she married September 1999.

Internationaux de Strasbourg
The Internationaux de Strasbourg (formally known as the Strasbourg Grand Prix) is a professional women's tennis tournament held in Strasbourg, France. The tournament has been organized in May since its inception in 1987 and serves as a warm-up event to the French Open which is played a week later.

The tournament was played at the Hautepierre before moving to the Strasbourg’s Tennis Club in 2011.

Past champions of the tournament include former world number ones Steffi Graf (singles), Jennifer Capriati (singles), Lindsay Davenport (two singles, one doubles), Maria Sharapova (singles), Angelique Kerber (singles), Martina Navratilova (doubles), and Ashleigh Barty (two doubles).
Lehmer
Lehmer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Derrick Norman Lehmer (1867–1938), number theorist who produced tables of prime factors and mechanical devices like Lehmer sieves

Derrick Henry Lehmer (1905–1991), number theorist known for Lucas–Lehmer test, son of D. N. Lehmer and husband of Emma Lehmer

Emma Lehmer (1906–2007), Russian mathematician, known for her work on reciprocity laws, wife of D. H. Lehmer

Kat Lehmer, American film director, writer, actor and artist

Lucas–Lehmer primality test
In mathematics, the Lucas–Lehmer test (LLT) is a primality test for Mersenne numbers. The test was originally developed by Édouard Lucas in 1878 and subsequently proved by Derrick Henry Lehmer in 1930.
Savannah cat
The Savannah is a breed of hybrid cat developed in the late 20th century from crossing a serval (Leptailurus serval) with a domestic cat (Felis catus). This hybridization typically produces large and lean offspring, with the serval's characteristic large ears and markedly brown-spotted coats. F1 and F2 male Savannahs can be very large, and in 2016 an F2 male attained a world record for tallest cat at 48.4 centimetres (19.1 in). Show-eligible F4–F5 cats range from 5.0 to 8.2 kilograms (11.0 to 18.1 lb) however, comparable in size to other large domestic cat breeds such as the Maine Coon or Norwegian Forest cat.

Bengal cat
The Bengal cat is a breed of hybrid cat created from crossbreeding an Asian leopard cat to domestic cats (Prionailurus bengalensis × Felis catus), especially the spotted tabby Egyptian Mau. Bengals have varying appearances. Their tabby coats range from domestic spots to hybrid rosettes, arrowhead markings, and marbling. The breed is selectively bred and pedigree registered with most of the major cat registries. The breed's name derives from the leopard cat's taxonomic name.

Due to the recent hybridisation with their wild ancestor species, the breeding, trading, and ownership of Bengal cats is legally regulated in several countries.
Viktor Pfeifer
Viktor Pfeifer (born 16 May 1987) is an Austrian former competitive figure skater. A nine-time Austrian national champion, he has placed as high as eighth at the European Championships (2013) and has competed three times at the Winter Olympics, placing 22nd in 2006, 21st in 2010 and 26th in 2014.

2013 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2013 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2012–13 season. The competition was held from 23 to 27 January 2013 at the Dom Sportova in Zagreb, Croatia. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Duke Street, Barrow-in-Furness
Duke Street is a road running through the town centre and Hindpool area of Barrow-in-Furness, England. Stretching almost one mile from east to west it connects two major A roads as well as intersecting Abbey Road roughly midway. Designed by Sir James Ramsden as the centrepiece of the 19th century planned town of Barrow, Duke Street is home to three squares (Ramsden Square, Town Square and Schneider Square) alongside many listed buildings including Barrow Town Hall and the Main Public Library. The Forum performing arts centre and Craven Park Stadium (home of the rugby league side Barrow Raiders) are also located on Duke Street.

James Ramsden (industrialist)
Sir James Ramsden (25 February 1822 – 19 October 1896) was a British mechanical engineer, industrialist, and civic leader, who played a dominant role in the development of the new town of Barrow-in-Furness, in the historic county of Lancashire.  He served five successive terms as mayor on its first achieving municipal borough status, from 1867 onwards.
Freak Force
Freak Force is the name of a fictional team of superhuman bounty hunters operating out of Chicago, Illinois.  They originated in the Image Comics comic book series Savage Dragon, but subsequently went on to star in their own series.  All the characters were created by Erik Larsen, many during his adolescence.

Erik Larsen
Erik J. Larsen (born December 8, 1962) is an American comic book artist, writer, and publisher. He currently acts as the chief financial officer of Image Comics. He gained attention in the early 1990s with his art on Spider-Man series for Marvel Comics. In 1992 he was one of several artists who stopped working for Marvel to found Image Comics, where he launched his superhero series Savage Dragon – one of the longest running creator-owned superhero comics series – and served for several years as the company's publisher.
Evenk Ethnic Sum
The Evenk Ethnic Sum (simplified Chinese: 鄂温克民族苏木; traditional Chinese: 鄂溫克民族蘇木; pinyin: Èwēnkè Mínzúsūmù) is an administrative subdivision in the northeastern part of Old Barag Banner in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia. It has an area of 6,037 km2 (2,331 sq mi) and, as of 2010, a population of 2665 of which 1560 (54.4%) are ethnic Evenks.

As of 2010, it is the only ethnic sum in China; the sum is a type of administrative unit in China at the township (fourth) level only found in Inner Mongolia, equivalent to ethnic townships in other parts of China.

It is located on grassland 68 kilometres (42 mi) north-northeast of the urban area of Hulunbuir.

Evenki people
The Evenki, or Tungusy, are a Tungusic people of North Asia. In Russia, the Evenki are recognised as one of the Indigenous peoples of the Russian North, with a population of 38,396 (2010 census). In China, the Evenki form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognised by the People's Republic of China, with a population of 34,617 (2020 census). There are 537 Evenki in The Country of Mongolia (2015 census), called Khamnigan in the Mongolian language.
First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
The First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies was held from 16 June to 7 July 1917 N.S. in Petrograd in the building of the First Cadet Corps on Vasilyevsky Island. The First All-Russian Congress of Soviets, at which the majority belonged to the Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionaries, rejected the resolutions proposed by the Bolsheviks to end the war and transfer all power to the Soviets and adopted Socialist-Revolutionary and Menshevik resolutions proclaiming the full support of the Socialist Ministers and the continuation of the "revolutionary war" on the basis of the rejection of annexations and indemnities.

The Congress elected its permanent body, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, whose chairman was elected Menshevik Nikolay Chkheidze, who was also Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet until 19 September 1917.

Petrograd Soviet
The Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (Russian: Петроградский совет рабочих и солдатских депутатов, Petrogradsky soviet rabochih i soldatskikh deputatov) was a city council of Petrograd (Saint Petersburg), the capital of Russia at the time. For brevity, it is usually called the Petrograd Soviet (Russian: Петроградский совет, Petrogradsky soviet).

This Soviet was established in March 1917 after the February Revolution as a representative body of the city's workers and soldiers, while the city already had its well-established city council, the Saint Petersburg City Duma (Central Duma). During the revolutionary days, the council tried to extend its jurisdiction nationwide as a rival power center to the Provisional Government, creating what in Soviet historiography is known as the dvoyevlastiye (dual power). Its committees were key components during the Russian Revolution (1917) and some of them led the armed revolt of the October Revolution.
Will Clarke (cyclist)
William Clarke (born 11 April 1985) is an Australian professional road racing cyclist, who most recently rode for UCI WorldTeam Trek–Segafredo. He is not related to fellow Australian cyclist and past teammate Simon Clarke. William Clarke is a descendant of Australian politician and businessman William John Turner Clarke.

Lidl–Trek (men's team)
Lidl–Trek (UCI team code: LTK) is a professional road bicycle racing team at UCI WorldTeam level licensed in Germany for 2026. Formerly RadioShack–Nissan, in 2014, Trek took over the ownership of the team and its ProTeam License.
1968 Aegean Sea earthquake
The 1968 Aegean Sea earthquake was a Mw 7.0 earthquake that occurred in the early morning hours of February 20, 1968 local time about 57.1 km (35.5 mi) away from Myrina, Greece. This earthquake occurred between mainland Greece and Turkey, meaning both countries were impacted. 20 people died, and 39 people were injured to various degrees. It was the deadliest Greek earthquake since the 1956 Amorgos earthquake.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
Trigonella suavissima
Trigonella suavissima  is a herbaceous plant that is endemic to Australia. It is a member of the genus Trigonella and the family Fabaceae. Common names include Cooper clover, Menindee clover, calomba, Darling trigonella, sweet fenugreek, channel clover, sweet-scented clover and Australian shamrock.

The species was formally described by English botanist John Lindley, based on plant material collected during an expedition by Thomas Mitchell.

Trigonella
Trigonella is a genus from the family Fabaceae. The best known member is the herb fenugreek. Members of the genus occur naturally in the Canary Islands, southern Europe, non‑tropical Africa, western and central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Australia.
Richard E. Cole
Richard Eugene Cole (September 7, 1915 – April 9, 2019) was a United States Air Force colonel. During World War II, he was one of the airmen who took part in the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo, Japan, on April 18, 1942. He served as the co-pilot to Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Doolittle in the lead airplane of the raid by sixteen B-25 bombers, which for the first time took off from an aircraft carrier on a bombing mission.

Cole remained in China after the raid until June 1943, and served again in the China Burma India Theater from October 1943 until June 1944. He later served as operations advisor to the Venezuelan Air Force from 1959 to 1962. He retired from the Air Force in 1966 and became the last living Doolittle Raider in 2016.

North American B-25 Mitchell
The North American B-25 Mitchell is an American medium bomber that was introduced in 1941 and named in honor of Brigadier General William "Billy" Mitchell, a pioneer of U.S. military aviation. Used by many Allied air forces, the B-25 served in every theater of World War II, and after the war ended, many remained in service, operating across four decades. Produced in numerous variants, nearly 10,000 B-25s were built. It was the most-produced American medium bomber and the third-most-produced American bomber overall. These included several limited models such as the F-10 reconnaissance aircraft, the AT-24 crew trainer, and the United States Marine Corps' PBJ-1 patrol bomber.
2026 NWSL rookie class
The rookie class for the 2026 season of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) is the second since the abolition of the NWSL Draft. Instead of being selected in a draft, first-year professionals are able to sign with teams as free agents. In December 2025, the league held the first NWSL Combines for both youth players and college and post-college players.

2026 National Women's Soccer League season
The 2026 season will be the 14th season for the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), the top division of women's soccer in the United States. Including the NWSL's two professional predecessors, Women's Professional Soccer (2009–2011) and the Women's United Soccer Association (2001–2003), it will be the 20th overall season of FIFA and USSF-sanctioned top division women's soccer in the United States.

The league will have 16 teams, with 2 expansion teams Boston Legacy and Denver Summit joining the 14 teams that contested the 2024 NWSL season. All teams will play 30 regular-season matches.

The defending NWSL champion is Gotham FC, and the defending NWSL Shield winner is Kansas City Current.
Zurich Enge railway station
Zürich Enge railway station (German: Bahnhof Zürich Enge) is a railway station on the Zurich S-Bahn system in the southwestern part, in the Enge quarter, of the Swiss city of Zurich, within fare zone 110 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV). The station is located on the Lake Zürich left bank line, although since 2003 it is bypassed by the alternative Zimmerberg Base Tunnel routing.

Although now largely confined to serving suburban trains (S-Bahn), the station has a particularly imposing semicircular facade. It is inscribed on the Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National Significance.

Zürcher Verkehrsverbund
The Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV), lit. 'Zurich Transport Network' is the largest public transportation network in Switzerland. It covers the canton of Zurich and adjacent areas. All modes of public transportation (rail, light rail, bus, trolleybus, lake passenger liner, funicular, an aerial tram) within a chosen number of fare zones can be used freely with a ticket that is valid for a certain amount of time (e.g., 1 hour, 24 hours) or with monthly/annual subscriptions.
1991 Belmont Stakes
The 1991 Belmont Stakes was the 123rd running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York held on June 8, 1991. With a field of eleven horses, Hansel won by a head over 1991 Kentucky Derby winner Strike the Gold in front of a crowd of over 51,000 spectators. While the Triple Crown was not up for grabs due to  Strike the Gold's loss at the 1991 Preakness Stakes, four horses were eligible for the $1,000,000 Triple Crown Challenge

1991 Preakness Stakes
The 1991 Preakness Stakes was the 116th running of the Preakness Stakes thoroughbred horse race. The race took place on May 18, 1991, and was televised in the United States on the ABC television network. Hansel, who was jockeyed by Jerry Bailey, won the race by seven lengths over runner-up Corporate Report.  Approximate post time was 5:32 p.m. Eastern Time. The race was run over a fast track in a final time of 1:54 flat. The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of 96,695, this is recorded as second highest on the list of American thoroughbred racing top attended events for North America in 1991.
British Association for Shooting and Conservation
The British Association for Shooting and Conservation (BASC) is a registered society under the Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies Act 2014, whose mission is to promote and protect sporting shooting and the well-being of the countryside throughout the United Kingdom and overseas. It has a membership of over 150,000. Its magazine Shooting and Conservation had an average circulation of around 135,000 in 2017.

Sporting shooting includes wildfowling, game, and rough shooting, deer stalking, target shooting and air gunning, pigeon shooting and pest control, gundogs and promoting practical habitat conservation. BASC is also involved in the political representation of shooting, training and the setting of standards in shooting sports and the association undertakes research in its area of interest.

Game (hunting)
Game or quarry are wild animals which are hunted for animal products (primarily meat), for recreation ("sporting"), or for trophies. The species of animals hunted as game varies in different parts of the world and by different local jurisdictions, though most are terrestrial mammals and birds. Fish caught non-commercially (recreational fishing) are also referred to as game fish.
Johnson Bamidele Olawumi
Johnson Bamidele Olawumi (born 20 November 1964) is a retired Nigerian army major general and former Director General of the National Youth Service Corps.
He was Coordinator, Nigerian Army Aviation, Director, Cyber Security at the Defence Space Agency, Commandant at the Nigerian Army School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering. Prior to his appointment as the DG NYSC, he was the Principal Staff Officer to the then Chief of Army Staff, Lieutenant General Azubuike Ihejirika.

National Youth Service Corps
The National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) is a mandatory, post-tertiary scheme set up by the Nigerian government during the military regime of Head of State, Yakubu Gowon, to "reconstruct, reconcile and rebuild the country after the Nigerian Civil war". There is no military conscription in Nigeria, but since 1973, graduates of universities and polytechnics have been required to take part in the National Youth Service Corps program for one year. This is known as the "National service year". Ahmadu Ali served as the first Director-General of the NYSC until 1975. The incumbent Director-General is Brigadier General Olakunle Oluseye Nafiu.

Major General Suleiman Kazaure was appointed director general of the NYSC on 18 April 2016 and served as the 17th DG of the scheme until his redeployment to the Nigerian Army Resource Centre on 26 April 2019.
Mexrrissey
Mexrrissey is a Mexican band co-founded by Camilo Lara (Mexican Institute of Sound) and Sergio Mendoza (Calexico, Orquesta Mendoza). Inspired by Morrissey and The Smiths' songs, Camilo and Sergio along with: Ceci Bastida, Jay de la Cueva, Alejandro Flores, Chetes and Ricardo Nájera began this musical project in 2015. Their album No Manchester (2016) contains Morrissey songs translated into Spanish with a mix of Latin beats and sounds added to the music. After their first show in Mexico City, the band began with a UK tour in April 2015. During the spring of 2018, Mexrrissey conducted a UK tour promoted as "La Reina Is Dead".

Mexican Institute of Sound
Mexican Institute of Sound (MIS; Spanish: Instituto Mexicano del Sonido — IMS) is an electronic music project created by Mexico City-based DJ and producer Camilo Lara. Along with groups like Nortec Collective and Kinky, M.I.S. is part of a growing Mexican electronica movement, encouraging fusions of folk and more traditional music with modern sounds.