hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel Walsh (artist)
Samuel Walsh is an Irish abstract artist. He is a member of Aosdána, founder of the National Collection of Contemporary Drawing and is closely associated with the beginnings of EVA International. Born in London in 1951 to Irish parents, he moved to Limerick, Ireland in 1968, where he resided until 1990. He now lives and works in Co. Clare.

Aosdána
Aosdána (/iːsˈdɑːnə/ eess-DAW-nə, Irish: [iːsˠˈd̪ˠaːnˠə]; from aos dána, 'people of the arts') is an Irish association or academy of artists, each of whom must have produced a distinguished body of work of genuine originality. It was created in 1981 by the country's Arts Council on the initiative of a group of writers with support from the Taoiseach. Membership, which is by invitation from current members, is limited to 250 individuals; before 2005, it was limited to 200. Its steering body is a committee of 10, called the Toscaireacht.
Canadian Forces Northern Area Headquarters Yellowknife
Canadian Forces Northern Area Headquarters (CFNA HQ) Yellowknife is a Canadian Forces unit located in the city of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories.

Situated in Evans Building of the city of Yellowknife, it is the headquarters for Joint Task Force North, part of Canadian Joint Operations Command responsible for Canadian Forces operations and administration in Northern Canada and the Arctic.

There are 52 military and civilian personnel from 1 Canadian Rangers Patrol Group headquarters and 314 military and civilian personnel from Joint Task Force North currently stationed in Yellowknife responsible for coordinating military operations across 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 sq mi) of land in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.

Canadian Forces Northern Area Headquarters Whitehorse has a similar responsibility in Yukon.

As of 2021 the current base Commander is Brigadier-General Pascal Godbout.

Canadian Rangers
The Canadian Rangers (French: Rangers canadiens) are a sub-component of the Canadian Army Reserve under Canadian Armed Forces reserves that provides a limited military presence in regions of Canada where stationing conventional Army units would not be practical or economically viable. Formally established on May 23, 1947, the Canadian Rangers employs around 5,000 Rangers.

The Canadian Rangers are responsible for remote, isolated, and sparsely populated regions of Canada, such as Northern Canada and the coastlines. They regularly conduct surveillance, sovereignty patrols (SOVPATS), and inspections of the North Warning System. They also act as guides, scouts, and subject-matter experts in such disciplines as wilderness survival when other forces and Army components are in their area of operations.
Aidy White
Aidan Peter White (born 10 October 1991) is a former footballer who last played for Rochdale. He has represented both England U19s and Republic of Ireland U21s at international level.

Despite an injury-laden career, he achieved considerable success - winning three promotions and the EFL Trophy.

England national under-19 football team
England national under-19 football team, also known as England under-19s or England U19(s), represents England in association football at under-19 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England. Primarily, it competes to qualify for the annual UEFA European Under-19 Championship.
Enrique de Borbón y Castellví, 2nd Duke of Seville
Don Enrique de Borbón y Castellví, 2nd Duke of Seville (Spanish: Don Enrique Pio Maria Francisco de Paula Luis Antonio de Borbón y Castellví, Duque de Sevilla; 3 October 1848 – 12 July 1894), was a Spanish nobleman and military officer who became the second Duke of Seville. He was the eldest son of the controversial Infante Enrique of Spain, who was a grandson of Charles IV of Spain and younger brother of Francis, Duke of Cádiz, king consort of Isabella II of Spain. Despite his family ties, Enrique was never entitled Infante of Spain due to the unequal marriage of his parents, which did not receive approval from Queen Isabella II.

Morganatic marriage
Morganatic marriage, sometimes called a left-handed marriage, is a marriage between people of unequal social rank, which in the context of royalty or other inherited title prevents the principal's position or privileges being passed to the spouse or to any children born of the marriage. The concept is most prevalent in German-speaking territories and countries most influenced by the customs of the German-speaking realms.

Generally, this is a marriage between a man of high birth (such as from a reigning, deposed or mediatised dynasty) and a woman of lesser status (such as a daughter of a low-ranked noble family or a commoner). Usually, neither the bride nor any children of the marriage has a claim on the husband's succession rights, titles, precedence, or entailed property. The children are considered legitimate for all other purposes and the prohibition against bigamy applies. In some countries, a woman could also marry a man of lower rank morganatically.
RML 7-inch Armstrong Gun
The RML 7-inch Armstrong Gun was a rifled muzzle loading gun. It was an export version of the British Royal Navy's RML 7-inch gun. The RML 7-inch Armstrong Gun was produced by William Armstrong's Elswick Ordnance Company.

William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong
William George Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong, CB FRS (26 November 1810 – 27 December 1900) was an English engineer and industrialist who founded the Armstrong Whitworth manufacturing concern on Tyneside. He was also an eminent scientist, inventor and philanthropist. In collaboration with the architect Richard Norman Shaw, he built Cragside in Northumberland, the first house in the world to be lit by hydroelectricity. He is regarded as the inventor of modern artillery.

Armstrong was knighted in 1859 after giving his gun patents to the government. In 1887, during Queen Victoria's golden jubilee year, he was raised to the peerage as Baron Armstrong, of Cragside.
The Crucifixion (Paleokapas)
The Crucifixion is a tempera painting by Konstantinos Paleokapas.  Paleokapas was a Greek painter from the island of Crete.  He was active during the early part of the 1600s.  Six of his works survived, four are signed.  The Crucifixion is one of the most popular events in human history.  The scene has been duplicated countless times.  Many crucifixion paintings were created by painters from the island of Crete.  Some painters included El Greco, Andreas Pavias, Georgios Markazinis and Ioannis Moskos.  Paleokapas created his own version of the popular subject.  His crucifixion painting followed the prototype of many other paintings thematically.  He added both the dice players and the resurrection of the dead.  Andreas Pavias’s The Crucifixion (Pavias) and Margkazinis’s  The Crucifixion (Margkazinis) both feature the popular pictorial representation of Mathews gospel.  Paleokapas’s Crucifixion is located at the Gonia Monastery in Crete.

Andreas Pavias
Andreas Pavias (Greek: Ανδρέας Παβίας; 1440 – 1504/1512) was a Greek painter and educator, one of the founding fathers of the Cretan school. His works could be found in churches and private collections throughout Italy and Greece, where they influenced countless artists. Seven of these paintings survive today, six bearing Pavias's signature. The most famous of the group is The Crucifixion.

Pavias learned his craft from Angelos Akotantos, and was affiliated with Andreas Ritzos. He experimented with different techniques, and his paintings incorporate stylistic traits from the   
Venetian school. Angelos Pitzamanos was the student of Pavias, who also influenced the works of such Cretan school artists as Theodore Poulakis, Georgios Klontzas, and Michael Damaskenos.
Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014
Russia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 in Copenhagen, Denmark. The Russian entry was selected internally by the Russian broadcaster Russia-1 (RTR). The Tolmachevy Sisters, winners of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006, represented Russia with the song "Shine", which qualified from the first semi-final and placed 7th in the final, scoring 89 points.

Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006
The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006 was the fourth edition of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest, held on 2 December 2006 at Sala Polivalentă in Bucharest, Romania, and presented by Andreea Marin Bănică and Ioana Ivan. It was organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Televiziunea Română (TVR). It was the second time the contest had been held in a capital city.

The show was broadcast live in the competing countries, as well as Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Australian television channel Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) that acquired the rights for broadcasting the show, which was broadcast on 1 January 2007. This was Serbia's first participation in a Eurovision event as an independent nation.

The winner was Russia with the song "Vesenniy Jazz" by The Tolmachevy Twins.
Asthma-COPD overlap
Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Overlap (ACO), also known as Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), is a chronic inflammatory, obstructive airway disease in which features of both asthma and COPD predominate. Asthma and COPD were once thought of as distinct entities; however, in some, there are clinical features of both asthma and COPD with significant overlap in pathophysiology and symptom profile. It is unclear whether ACO is a separate disease entity or a clinical subtype of asthma and COPD. The pathogenesis of ACO is poorly understood, but it is thought to involve both type 2 inflammation (usually seen in asthma) as well as type 1 inflammation (seen in COPD). The incidence and prevalence of ACO are not well known. The risk factors for ACO are also incompletely understood, but tobacco smoke is known to be a major risk factor.

Type 2 inflammation
Type 2 inflammation (or type 2 immunity) is a pattern of immune response. Its physiological function is to defend the body against helminths, but a dysregulation of the type 2 immune response has been implicated in the pathophysiology of several diseases. Although it has traditionally been associated with tumor promotion, emerging evidence indicates a potential tumor-suppressive potential.
Formylmethionine deformylase
In enzymology, a formylmethionine deformylase (EC 3.5.1.31) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

N-formyl-L-methionine + H2O  formate + L-methionine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are N-formyl-L-methionine and H2O, whereas its two products are formate and L-methionine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-formyl-L-methionine amidohydrolase. This enzyme participates in methionine metabolism and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.

Methionine
Methionine (symbol Met or M) (/mɪˈθaɪəniːn/) is an essential amino acid in humans. Compared to other amino acids, methionine has particularly decisive biosynthetic roles. It is the precursor to the amino acid cysteine and the pervasive methylation agent rSAM. Methionine is required for protein synthesis, which is initiated by N-formylmethionine-sRNA.

Methionine was first isolated in 1921 by John Howard Mueller. It is encoded by the codon AUG. It was named by Satoru Odake in 1925, as an abbreviation of its structural description 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.
Ethernet extender
An Ethernet extender (also network extender or LAN extender) is any device used to extend an Ethernet or network segment beyond its inherent distance limitation which is approximately 100 metres (330 ft) for most common forms of twisted-pair Ethernet. These devices employ a variety of transmission technologies and physical media (wireless, copper wire, fiber-optic cable, coaxial cable).

The extender forwards traffic between LANs transparently to higher network-layer protocols over distances that far exceed the limitations of common Ethernet over twisted pair.

Local area network
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, campus, or building, and has its network equipment and interconnects locally managed. LANs facilitate the distribution of data and sharing network devices, such as printers.

The LAN contrasts the wide area network (WAN), which not only covers a larger geographic distance, but also generally involves leased telecommunication circuits or Internet links. An even greater contrast is the Internet, which is a system of globally connected business and personal computers.

Ethernet and Wi-Fi are the two most common technologies used for local area networks; historical network technologies include ARCNET, Token Ring, and LocalTalk.
Geospatial PDF
Geospatial PDF is a set of geospatial extensions to the Portable Document Format (PDF) 1.7 specification to include information that relates a region in the document page to a region in physical space — called georeferencing. A geospatial PDF can contain geometry such as points, lines, and polygons. These, for example, could represent building locations, road networks and city boundaries, respectively. The georeferencing metadata for geospatial PDF is most commonly encoded in one of two ways: the OGC best practice; and as Adobe's proposed geospatial extensions to ISO 32000. The specifications also allow geometry to have attributes, such as a name or identifying type.

ISO 32000-2 (PDF 2.0), completed in 2017, incorporates geospatial PDF features.

Geographic data and information
Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position). It is also called geospatial data and information, georeferenced data and information, as well as geodata and geoinformation.

Geographic data and information is stored in geographic databases and geographic information systems (GIS).
There are many different formats of geodata, including vector files, raster files, web files, and multi-temporal data.

Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
Komsomolsky, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Komsomolsky (Russian: Комсомо́льский) is an Uninhabited locality (an urban-type settlement) in Chaunsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located about 100 kilometers (62 mi) south-west of Pevek, the administrative centre of the district. Population:  597 (2002 census); 3,794 (1989 Soviet census). According to an environmental impact report produced for the Kupol Gold Project, by 2005 the population had fallen further to just 508.

Chaunsky District
Chaunsky District (Russian: Ча́унский райо́н; Chukchi: Чаан район, Čaan rajon) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the six in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is on the northern shore of the autonomous okrug and borders Iultinsky District to the northeast, Anadyrsky District to the southeast, and Bilibinsky District to the south and west. The area of the district is 67,091 square kilometers (25,904 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pevek. Population:  5,148 (2010 census); 6,962 (2002 census); 32,167 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pevek accounts for 80.8% of the district's total population.

The land within the current boundaries was first visited by non-indigenous people in the 18th century. The indigenous people in the district are mainly Chukchi, and form about 15% of the population.
New York State Route 256
New York State Route 256 (NY 256) is a north–south state highway located within Livingston County, New York, in the United States. It extends for 21.08 miles (33.92 km) across mostly rural terrain from an intersection with NY 63 in the village of Dansville to a junction with NY 15 on the Geneseo–Livonia town line. The northern half of NY 256, named West Lake Road, passes along the western shore of Conesus Lake. NY 256 was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York to an alignment extending from Groveland to modern U.S. Route 20A (US 20A) west of Lakeville. It was extended north to its current northern terminus c. 1940 and south to Dansville in stages during the 1930s and 1940s.

1930 state highway renumbering (New York)
In January 1930, the U.S. state of New York implemented a major renumbering of its state highways. Many previously existing numbered routes were renumbered or realigned. At the same time, many state highways that were previously unnumbered received designations. Most of the highways with numbers in the 100s to 300s were assigned at this time.  Route numbers were assigned in clusters based on their general location.  Because some of these route numbers are no longer in use, the pattern of clusters is not fully apparent today.

Before 1930, the route numbering system in place had its origins in the 1920s. At the time, New York only assigned numbers to a small subset of its state highways.  Route numbers spanned from 1–80, with routes running primarily north–south having even numbers and routes generally running east–west having odd numbers. This scheme was abandoned with the advent of the U.S. Highway System in 1927. Some renumbering was done in 1927 to avoid overlapping route numbers.
Agnete Carlsen
Agnete Synnøve Carlsen (born 15 January 1971) is a former Norwegian professional footballer who played as a midfielder. With the Norway women's national team, Carlsen won the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup and an Olympic bronze medal in 1996. At club level Carlsen played for SK Sprint-Jeløy in Norway, then joined Japanese L. League team Nikko Securities Dream Ladies on a professional contract.

Norway women's national football team
The Norway women's national football team (Norwegian: Norges kvinnelandslag i fotball) represents Norway in international football, and is controlled by the Norwegian Football Federation. The team is former European, World and Olympic champions and thus one of the most successful national teams. However, the team has endured less success since the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup.
Remaster
A remaster is a change in the sound or image quality of previously created forms of media, whether audiophonic, cinematic, or videographic. The resulting product is said to be remastered. The terms digital remastering and digitally remastered are also used.

In a wider sense, remastering a product may involve other, typically smaller inclusions or changes to the content itself. They tend to be distinguished from remakes, based on the original.

Remake
A remake is a film, television series, video game, song or similar form of entertainment that is based upon and retells the story of an earlier production in the same medium—e.g., a "new version of an existing film". A remake tells the same story as the original but uses a different set of casts, and may use actors from the original, alter the theme, or change the flow and setting of the story. In addition, since a remake is released some time after the original work, it may incorporate new technologies, enhancements, and techniques that had not existed or been commonly used when the original work was created. Similar but not synonymous terms are reimagining or reboot, which indicates a greater discrepancy between, for example, a movie and the movie it is based on.
Mungyeong
Mungyeong (Korean: 문경; Korean pronunciation: [mun.ɡjʌŋ]) is a city in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea.  The local government, economy, and transportation networks are all centered in Jeomchon, the principal town.  Mungyeong has a lengthy history, and is known today for its various historic and scenic tourist attractions.  The city's name means roughly "hearing good news." Recently, development has been somewhat stagnant with the decline of the coal industry. Since the 1990s, the proportion of people who rely on the tourism industry through Mungyeong Saejae has gradually increased.

The city of Mungyeong was created after Jeomchon City and rural Mungyeong County were combined in 1995. It is now an urban-rural complex similar to 53 other small and medium-sized cities with a population under 300,000 people in South Korea.

Administrative divisions of South Korea
South Korea is made up of 17 first-tier administrative divisions: 6 metropolitan cities (gwangyeoksi 광역시/廣域市), 1 special city (teukbyeolsi 특별시/特別市), 1 special self-governing city (teukbyeol-jachisi 특별자치시/特別自治市), and 9 provinces (do 도/道), including three special self-governing provinces (teukbyeol jachido 특별자치도/特別自治道) and six claimed by the ROK government. These are further subdivided into a variety of smaller entities, including cities (si 시/市), counties (gun 군/郡), districts (gu 구/區), towns (eup 읍/邑), townships (myeon 면/面), neighborhoods (dong 동/洞) and villages (ri 리/里).
History of Pasadena, California
Pasadena is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Founded in 1874 and incorporated in 1886, the city is famous for its colorful history and for the hosting of both the Tournament of Roses Parade (since 1890) and the annual Rose Bowl game football game (since 1902). It is also the home of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)

Hahamog'na
The Hahamog'na, commonly anglicized to Hahamongna (/hɑːˈhɑːməŋɡə/) and spelled Xaxaamonga in their native language, are a tribe of the Tongva people of California. Their language belongs to the Uto-Aztecan family.
Stoneblower
A stoneblower is a railway track maintenance machine that automatically lifts and packs the sleepers with small grade ballast, which is blown under the sleepers to level the track. An alternative to the use of a ballast tamper, the totally self-contained machine levels track without the use of a large gang of workmen.

Track ballast
Track ballast is the material which forms the trackbed upon which railroad ties (UK: sleepers) are laid. The term "ballast" comes from a nautical term for the stones used to stabilize a ship. Track ballast is packed between, below, and around the ties to bear the compression load of the railroad ties, rails, and rolling stock; to stabilize and restrain lateral movement of the track; to facilitate drainage; and keep down vegetation that can compromise the integrity of the combined track structure. Ballast also physically holds the track in place as the trains roll over it. Not all types of railway tracks use ballast.

A variety of materials have been used as track ballast, including crushed stone, washed gravel, bank run (unwashed) gravel, torpedo gravel (a mixture of coarse sand and small gravel), slag, chats, coal cinders, sand, and burnt clay.
Illness and death of Georges Pompidou
Georges Pompidou, the 19th president of France, died on 2 April 1974 at the age of 62, after having suffered from Waldenström macroglobulinemia, a form of blood cancer, for several years. He was the fourth French president to die in office, and the first in the history of the Fifth Republic.

A former prime minister during the presidency of Charles de Gaulle, Pompidou contested the 1969 presidential election, triggered after de Gaulle resigned; at the age of 57, he was elected to a seven-year term in the second round, defeating the acting president, Alain Poher. Prior to his death, the secrecy of Pompidou's health issues led to rumors considering his possible resignation and the severity of his illness. He was buried following a state funeral at Notre-Dame de Paris. His death triggered the 1974 French presidential election.

1974 French presidential election
Presidential elections were held in France in 1974, following the death of President Georges Pompidou. They went to a second round, and were won by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing by a margin of 1.6%. It is to date the closest presidential election in French history.