hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Savannah Johnson Speak
Savannah Johnson Speak (4 September 1868 – 29 December 1929) was an English mining engineer and metallurgist. He received a technical education at the Yorkshire College and the Royal School of Mines after which he worked in mining around the world and lectured in metallurgy at the University of Sydney. He was in business as a consultant engineer in London and was president of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy from 1922-23.

Institution of Mining and Metallurgy
The Institution of Mining and Metallurgy (IMM) was a British research institution, founded in 1892. Members of the Institution used the post-nominals MIMM.

In 2002, it merged with The Institute of Materials (IOM) to form the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3 or IMMM)
Southern African Litigation Centre v National Director of Public Prosecutions
Southern African Litigation Centre and Another v National Director of Public Prosecutions and Others was decided in the North Gauteng High Court on 8 May 2012. It concerned South Africa's obligations under international law and, in particular, under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Act.

Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law which has general jurisdiction over the South African province of Gauteng and the eastern part of North West province. The main seat of the division is at Pretoria, while a local seat at Johannesburg has concurrent jurisdiction over the southern parts of Gauteng.

Audrey Ledwaba has been the Acting Judge President of the division since appointment of Dunstan Mlambo as Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa.
Nikos Christodoulakis
Nikos Christodoulakis (Greek: Νίκος Χριστοδουλάκης) (born 1952) is a Greek politician, economics professor and electronics engineer. He was the Minister for Economy and Finance of Greece from 2001 to 2004.

Ministry of National Economy and Finance (Greece)
The Ministry of National Economy and Finance  (Greek: Υπουργείο Εθνικής Οικονομίας και Οικονομικών) is the government department  responsible for overseeing Greece's public finances. The current minister is Kyriakos Pierrakakis, a member of the Hellenic Parliament representing the Athens A constituency for the New Democracy party.

The ministry was established in August 2023 through a renaming and reorganization of the former Ministry of Finance under the Mitsotakis government. The restructured ministry now incorporates entities previously managed by the Ministry of Development.
Manoradham
Manoradham is a 1978 Indian Malayalam film, directed by P. Gopikumar and produced by K. H. Khan Sahib. The film stars P. Bhaskaran, Sharada, Sankaradi and K. P. Ummer in the lead roles. The film has musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.

Sarada (actress)
Thadiparthi Saraswati Devi (born 12 June 1945), better known by her stage name Sarada, is an Indian actress and politician. Though known for her work predominantly in Telugu and Malayalam cinema, she has also appeared in Tamil, Hindi and Kannada language films.

Sarada is a three-time recipient of the National Film Award for Best Actress for her roles in Thulabharam (1968), Swayamvaram (1972), and Nimajjanam (1977). She is also known as Urvasi Sarada – the National Film Award for Best Actress was officially designated the Urvasi Award. Sarada also won the NTR National Award by the Government of Andhra Pradesh for her contributions to Indian cinema. In 2024, she was honoured with the J. C. Daniel Award by the Government of Kerala, for her contributions to Malayalam cinema.
Sovereign Stakes
The Sovereign Stakes was a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to colts and geldings aged three years or older. It was run at Salisbury over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and was scheduled to take place each year in August.

The event was established in 2000, replacing the Whitchurch Conditions Stakes, and it was initially classed at Listed level. It was promoted to Group 3 status in 2004. It was removed from the pattern race programme by the British Horseracing Authority in 2024.

The Sovereign Stakes was one of Salisbury's two highest class races of the season, along with the Dick Poole Fillies' Stakes.

Dick Poole Fillies' Stakes
The Dick Poole Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old fillies. It is run at Salisbury over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September. It was formerly contested at Listed level and was raised to Group 3 status in 2014.

The race is named in honour of Colonel Dick Poole, a racehorse trainer, breeder and owner, and was the brainchild of Peter Walwyn and his one-time assistant Mark Smyly. It was first run in 1979, initially over a distance of 5 furlongs.
René Hubert (historian)
René Hubert (22 July 1885 – 13 October 1954) was a French historian of philosophy and educational theorist.

Hubert was born in Dammartin-en-Serve. He gained his agrégé in philosophy in 1908. He became professor of Morals, Sociology and Philosophy of Science at the Faculty of Letters of the University of Lille in 1923, and in 1936 Rector of the Academy of Poitiers.

He wrote on the eighteenth-century Enlightenment - the Encyclopédie, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Baron d'Holbach - as well as on educational theory.

Baron d'Holbach
Paul Thiry, Baron d'Holbach (/ˈdoʊlbɑːk/; French: [dɔlbak]; 8 December 1723 – 21 January 1789), known as d'Holbach, was a Franco-German philosopher, encyclopedist and writer, who was a prominent figure in the French Enlightenment. He was born in Edesheim, near Landau in the Rhenish Palatinate, but lived and worked mainly in Paris, where he kept a salon. He helped in the dissemination of "Protestant and especially German thought", particularly in the field of the sciences, but was known more for his atheism and voluminous writings against religion, famously including The System of Nature (1770) and The Universal Morality (1776).
Victoria Donda
Victoria Analía Donda Pérez (born 1977) is an Argentine human rights activist and legislator. She is the first daughter of a "disappeared" person, born in captivity, to become a member of the Argentine National Congress. She was the youngest woman to hold that office.

From 2019 to 2022, she was the agency executive of the National Institute Against Discrimination, Xenophobia and Racism (INADI), one of the Argentine government's prime human rights institutions.

HIJOS
HIJOS is a recursive acronym for Hijas e Hijos por la Identidad y la Justicia contra el Olvido y el Silencio (English: Daughters and Sons for Identity and Justice Against Forgetfulness and Silence). It is the name of two organizations founded by children of people who were forcibly "disappeared" by military dictatorships in Argentina and Guatemala. The Argentine organization was founded in 1995 in Córdoba and La Plata. The Guatemalan organization, founded in 1999 and based in Guatemala City, has received many death threats from government sympathizers.

HIJOS Guatemala raises awareness by painting graffiti style murals dealing with the death of their relatives and how Guatemalan youth and Mayan youth are treated in the country.

In Argentina in 1995, HIJOS started to perform escraches to raise public awareness about former dirty-war criminals being free despite their crimes.
Marco Ilaimaharitra
Marco Ilaimaharitra (born 26 July 1995) is a professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Belgian Pro League club Standard Liège. Born in France, he is a former member of its under-19 and under-20 national teams but represents Madagascar at senior international level.

Madagascar national football team
The Madagascar national football team, nicknamed Barea after the island's zebu, is the national team of Madagascar and is controlled by the Malagasy Football Federation. It has never qualified for the finals of the World Cup. It took part in its first Africa Cup of Nations in 2019. Among its biggest wins was a 1–0 home victory over Egypt in the qualification rounds of the 2004 Africa Cup of Nations until being surpassed by a recent 2–0 win over Nigeria in the group stage of the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations. Reflecting the official name of the country at the time, the team was known as the Malagasy Republic national football team between 1958 and 1975.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1596
United Nations Security Council resolution 1596, adopted unanimously on 18 April 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including resolutions 1493 (2003), 1533 (2004), 1552 (2004), 1565 (2004) and 1592 (2005), the council expanded the arms embargo to include all recipients of weapons in the country, and imposed a travel ban and asset freeze on those violating the embargo.

The resolution was drafted by France.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1592
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1592, adopted unanimously on 30 March 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including Resolution 1565 (2004), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) until 1 October 2005.
Dubyna, Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast
Dubyna  (Ukrainian: Ду́бина, Polish: Dębina) is a village (selo) in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast, of  Western Ukraine. It belongs to Skole urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

The village is located on the banks of the Opir River along the Highway M06 (Ukraine) ( M 06).

It is situated 105 kilometres (65 mi) from the regional center Lviv, 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the district center Skole, and 163 kilometres (101 mi) from Uzhhorod.

Local government — Verkhnosynovydnenska settlement council.

The first written mention of the village dates from the year 1561 and the name of the village is derived from the surrounding oak forests (dubovyy lis).

Until 18 July 2020, Dubyna belonged to Skole Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Skole Raion was merged into Stryi Raion.

Highway M06 (Ukraine)
Highway M06 (Ukrainian: Автошлях М06) is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) connecting Kyiv to the Hungarian border near Chop, where it continues as Hungarian main road 4 to Záhony and Budapest.
Ryan Heritage
Ryan P. Heritage is a retired United States Marine Corps major general who serves as the director of operations of the United States Cyber Command. He previously served as the commander of the Marine Corps Forces Cyberspace Command and Marine Corps Forces Space Command, and Marine Corps Information Command.

Heritage earned a bachelor's degree in international relations from George Washington University in 1990. He later received a master's degree in military studies from the Marine Corps Command and Staff College at Marine Corps University and a second master's degree in national security and strategic studies from the Army War College.

United States Cyber Command
United States Cyber Command (USCYBERCOM) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It unifies the direction of cyberspace operations, strengthens DoD cyberspace capabilities, and integrates and bolsters DoD's cyber expertise which focus on securing cyberspace.

USCYBERCOM was established as a sub-unified command under United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) at the direction of Secretary of Defense  Robert Gates on 23 June 2009 at the National Security Agency (NSA) headquarters in Fort George G. Meade, Maryland. It cooperates with NSA networks and has been concurrently headed by the director of the NSA (DIRNSA) since its inception. While originally created with a defensive mission in mind, it has increasingly been viewed as an offensive force. On 18 August 2017, it was announced that USCYBERCOM would be elevated to the status of a full and independent unified combatant command.
Bai Xiangguo
Bai Xiangguo (Chinese: 白相国; Wade–Giles: Pai Hsiang-kuo; June 1918 – 7 August 1991) was a Chinese military officer and politician. A career officer of the People's Liberation Army with the rank of colonel, he was sent to the Ministry of Foreign Trade to restore order after the chaos of the early Cultural Revolution, and served as Minister of Foreign Trade from July 1970 to October 1973. He visited dozens of countries in that capacity, and led the first official Chinese delegation to France in 1971 after the two countries established diplomatic relations, which was also the PRC's first minister-level delegation to visit Western Europe. He was dismissed in 1973 and returned to the military to serve as Deputy Director of the PLA General Logistics Department.

General Logistics Department
General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army (GLD; Chinese: 中国人民解放军总后勤部) was a former chief organ under China's Central Military Commission. Before 2016, it organized and led the logistics construction and oversees housing, supplies, hospitals, and barracks of the People's Liberation Army. The department was disbanded in January 2016 and the new agency, Logistic Support Department of the Central Military Commission was founded.
Gabriela Signori
Gabriela Signori (born 1960) is a Swiss historian of the Middle Ages.  She served as a professor of medieval history at the University of Münster from 2001–2006, and is a professor at the University of Konstanz from 2006 to the present.  Her main area of research in medieval studies is the social history of the era: medieval law, gender mores, piety, and religious beliefs.

University of Münster
The University of Münster (German: Universität Münster, until 2023 German: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, WWU) is a public research university located in the city of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

With more than 43,000 students and over 120 fields of study in 15 departments, it is Germany's fifth largest university and one of the foremost centers of German intellectual life. The university offers a wide range of subjects across the sciences, social sciences and the humanities. Several courses are also taught in English, including PhD programmes as well as postgraduate courses in geoinformatics, geospational technologies or information systems.

Professors and former students have won ten Leibniz Prizes, the most prestigious as well as the best-funded prize in Europe, one Fields Medal and two Nobel Prizes. The University of Münster has also been successful in the German government's Excellence Initiative.
Nguyễn Thị Hương Ly
Nguyễn Thị Hương Ly (born December 9, 1995) is a Vietnamese model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was the winner of Vietnam's Next Top Model season 6 and was the first runner-up of Miss Universe Vietnam 2023.

Vietnam's Next Top Model season 6
Vietnam's Next Top Model, Cycle 6 is the sixth season of Vietnam's Next Top Model. It premiered on August 2, 2015 on VTV. For the third time, males were still featured as part of the show. This year, former host Phạm Thị Thanh Hằng, who hosted Cycle 4 (the first guys-and-girls season of the show), returned to fulfill her position as head judge of the panel. Samuel Hoàng reprised his role as a judge after Cycle 5 concluded. Designer Adrian Anh Tuấn was also introduced as a new judge. This season's theme is: Keep Moving - Không Ngừng Chuyển Động.

The winner was 19-year-old Nguyễn Thị Hương Ly from Gia Lai.
1997 WTA Tour Championships – Doubles
Defending champion Lindsay Davenport and her partner Jana Novotná defeated Alexandra Fusai and Nathalie Tauziat in the final, 6–7, 6–3, 6–2 to win the doubles tennis title at the 1997 WTA Tour Championships.

Davenport and Mary Joe Fernández were the reigning champions, but only Davenport competed that year.

Jana Novotná
Jana Novotná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjana ˈnovotnaː]; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a Czech professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 2 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) in 1997, and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 67 weeks. Novotná won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other singles majors. She also won twelve major women's doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. Novotná played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.
Shinda Shinda No Papa
Shinda Shinda No Papa is a 2024 Indian-Punjabi-language comedy film directed by Amarpreet GS Chhabra. The film stars Gippy Grewal who co-produced the film as well, Hina Khan (in her Punjabi debut) and Grewal's son Shinda Grewal. it was final film of Jaswinder Bhalla before his death.

Gippy Grewal
Rupinder Singh "Gippy" Grewal (born 2 January 1983) is an Indian actor, singer, film director and producer whose works span over Punjabi and Hindi film industry.

His single "Phulkari" was very successful in the Punjabi music industry. He made his acting debut in the 2010 movie, Mel Karade Rabba, and which he followed with Carry On Jatta, Lucky Di Unlucky Story, Bhaji in Problem and Jatt James Bond. He revived "PTC Best Actor Award" in 2011 for his performance in the 2011 film  Jihne Mera Dil Luteya. He received the "PIFAA Best Actor Award" in 2012 along with Diljit Dosanjh and received "PTC Best Actor Award" in 2015 for Jatt James Bond along with Diljit Dosanjh. He is owner of production houses Humble Motion Pictures and Big Daddy Films along with his brother Sippy Grewal.
Scott Barney
Scott Barney (born March 27, 1979) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward, who played 27 games in the National Hockey League with the Los Angeles Kings and Atlanta Thrashers between 2003 and 2005. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1999 to 2018, was mainly spent in Europe and Asia. Barney currently serves as the head coach for the Sudbury Wolves of the Ontario Hockey League, having been hired on June 27, 2024.

Sudbury Wolves
The Sudbury Wolves are an Ontario Hockey League (OHL) ice hockey team based in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

Sudbury has had various hockey teams competing at the junior and senior ice hockey levels of the game known as the "Wolves" (or "Cub Wolves") nearly every year since around the time of World War I. The current junior franchise came into existence in 1972 when local businessman Mervin "Bud" Burke purchased the Niagara Falls Flyers and relocated the team to Sudbury.

The current franchise has never won the Memorial Cup, nor has it captured the J. Ross Robertson Cup. Despite this lack of championships, the team has been one of the top development franchises in major junior over its history, with over 120 players drafted in to the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1973. The Wolves have been a central part of Sudbury's history for decades, and the team is among the most iconic junior hockey franchises in all of North America.
Hexham (UK Parliament constituency)
Hexham is a constituency in Northumberland represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Joe Morris of the Labour Party. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

The seat was created as one of four single member divisions of the county of Northumberland under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.

Redistribution of Seats Act 1885
The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict. c. 23) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (sometimes called the "Reform Act of 1885"). It was a piece of electoral reform legislation that redistributed the seats in the House of Commons, introducing the concept of equally populated constituencies, a concept in the broader global context termed equal apportionment, in an attempt to equalise representation across the UK. It mandated the abolition of constituencies below a certain population threshold. It was associated with, but not part of, the Representation of the People Act 1884.
Red Skies of Montana
Red Skies of Montana is a 1952 American adventure drama film directed by Joseph M. Newman and starring Richard Widmark, Constance Smith and Jeffrey Hunter. Widmark stars as a smokejumper who attempts to save his crew while being overrun by a forest fire, not only to preserve their lives, but to redeem himself after being the only survivor of a previous disaster.

The film was loosely based on the August 1949 Mann Gulch fire, and filmed on location in Technicolor with the cooperation of the United States Forest Service.

Bugle Mountain (also known as "Bugle Peak"), located in the Scapegoat Wilderness near Lincoln, Montana, gave its name to the fictional setting of the forest fire in the Selway National Forest shown during the first 30 minutes of the film.

Richard Widmark
Richard Weedt Widmark (December 26, 1914 – March 24, 2008) was an American film, stage, and television actor and producer.

He was nominated for an Academy Award for his role as the villainous Tommy Udo in his debut film, Kiss of Death (1947), for which he also won the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer. Early in his career, Widmark was typecast in similar villainous or anti-hero roles in films noir, but he later branched out into more heroic leading and supporting roles in Westerns, mainstream dramas, and horror films among others.
Grand Grimoire
The Grand Grimoire, also known as Le Dragon Rouge or The Red Dragon, is a black magic goetic grimoire. Different editions date the book to 1521, 1522 or 1421. Owen Davies suggests 1702 is when the first edition may have been created and a Bibliothèque bleue version (a popular edition, similar to a chapbook) of the text may have been published in 1750. The 19th-century French occultist Éliphas Lévi considered  the contemporary edition of Le Dragon Rouge to be a counterfeit of a true, older Grand Grimoire.

The "introductory chapter" was written by Antonio Venitiana del Rabina, who said he had gathered his information from original writings of King Solomon. Much of the material of this grimoire derives from the Key of Solomon and the Lesser Key of Solomon, pseudepigraphical grimoires attributed to King Solomon. The first book contains instructions for summoning Lucifer or the demon Lucifuge Rofocale, for the purpose of forming a deal with the Devil.

Lucifer
Lucifer is believed to be a fallen angel and the Devil in Christian theology. Lucifer is associated with the sin of pride and believed to have attempted a usurpation of God, whereafter being banished to hell.

The concept of a fallen angel attempting to overthrow the highest deity parallels Attar's attempt to overthrow Ba'al in Canaanite mythology; Attar is thrown into the underworld as a result of his failure. The story is alluded to in the Book of Isaiah and transferred to Christian beliefs, and is also used in the Vulgate (the late-4th-century Latin translation of the Bible).

As Lucifer is the antagonist of God in Christian beliefs, some sects of Satanism began to venerate him as a bringer of freedom. Other religious communities, such as the Gnostics and Freemasons, have been accused of worshipping Lucifer as their deity.