hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
N-Acetylanthranilic acid
N-Acetylanthranilic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C9H9NO3. It is an intermediate product in catabolism of quinaldine in Arthrobacter sp., and is further metabolized to anthranilic acid.

N-Acetylanthranilic acid can be synthesized from 2-bromoacetanilide via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation in tri-n-butylamine-water at 110–130 °C, under 3 atm of carbon monoxide. In the laboratory, it can be easily synthesized from anthranilic acid and acetic anhydride.

N-Acetylanthranilic acid exhibits triboluminescence when crushed. The fractured crystals have large electrical potentials between areas of high and low charge. When the electrons suddenly migrate to neutralize these potentials, flashes of deep blue light are created.

In the United States, it is a Drug Enforcement Administration-controlled List I chemical, because it has been used in the synthesis of methaqualone.

Anthranilic acid
Anthranilic acid is an aromatic acid with the formula C6H4(NH2)(CO2H) and has a sweetish taste. The molecule consists of a benzene ring, ortho-substituted with a carboxylic acid and an amine. As a result of containing both acidic and basic functional groups, the compound is amphoteric. Anthranilic acid is a white solid when pure, although commercial samples may appear yellow. The anion [C6H4(NH2)(CO2)]−, obtained by the deprotonation of anthranilic acid, is called anthranilate. Anthranilic acid was once thought to be a vitamin and was referred to as vitamin L1 in that context, but it is now known to be non-essential in human nutrition.
Rebekah Yeoh
Rebekah Yeoh Pei Wenn is a Malaysian social entrepreneur, businesswoman and philanthropist. She is a Corporate Finance Director at YTL Corporation, Deputy Curator at Global Shapers Community Kuala Lampur, and the founder of Nimble Fingers Cambodia and Recyclothes.

YTL Corporation
YTL Corporation Berhad is a Malaysian multinational company mainly focused on building infrastructure. Founded by Yeoh Tiong Lay in 1955, it has grown into a major conglomerate with listings on the Bursa Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange), the FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI, the MSCI Malaysia Index, and the Prime Market Foreign Stocks Segment of the Tokyo Stock Exchange. In 1996, it made history as the first non-Japanese Asian company to be listed there.
Persian Constitutional Amendment of 1907
The Persian Constitutional Amendment (Persian: متمم قانون اساسی) was a constitutional amendment in 107 articles that aimed to eliminate the shortcomings of the original Persian constitution that had occurred due to the hasty nature of its draft, fearing the looming death of Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar who had agreed to limit his own powers, and the ascension to the throne of the anti-constitutionalist crown prince Mohammad Ali Mirza.

It was ratified by the first parliament and signed by Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar on 7 October 1907. The original text of the amendment is kept at the national library of Iran.

Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar (Persian: محمدعلی شاه قاجار‎; 21 June 1872 – 5 April 1925) was the sixth shah of the Qajar dynasty and remained the Shah of Iran from 8 January 1907 until being deposed on 16 July 1909. He was furthermore the grandson of Iran’s early moderniser Amir Kabir, through the maternal side.
Christina Angelina
Christina Angelina also known as "Starfighter," is a Venice, Los Angeles-based visual artist, photographer and gallerist. Angelina is internationally renowned for her public art and large-scale figurative murals and was a featured artist in the Google Art Project's Street Art Collection launched in 2016. In 2016 Angelina was highlighted as among the most innovative artists to watch in Sleek Magazine. Angelina finished "Whitney Peak," a mural commissioned by the Whitney Peak Hotel in downtown Reno, Nevada.

Venice, Los Angeles
Venice is a neighborhood of the City of Los Angeles within the Westside region of Los Angeles County, California, United States.

Venice was founded by Abbot Kinney in 1905 as a seaside resort town. It was an independent city until 1926, when it was annexed by the city of Los Angeles. Venice is known for its canals, a beach, and Ocean Front Walk, a  2+1⁄2-mile (4-kilometer) pedestrian promenade that features performers, fortune-tellers, and vendors.
Antonov/Taqnia An-132
The Antonov/Taqnia An-132 was an improved version of the Antonov An-32 twin-engined turboprop military transport aircraft that was under development jointly by Saudi Arabia and Ukraine. It was to be a fifth member of the Antonov An-24 family. The project was suspended in April 2019 following the withdrawal of Saudi support, and the cancellation of orders from the Royal Saudi Air Force, that was to be the launch customer. Subsequently the An-132D prototype, the only one completed, was heavily damaged in the Battle of Antonov Airport in February 2022. Since then there has been no further update on the project from Antonov.

Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules
The Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules is a medium-size American four-engine turboprop military transport aircraft. The C-130J is a comprehensive update of the Lockheed C-130 Hercules, with new engines, flight deck, and other systems.

The C-130J is the newest version of the C-130 Hercules, and the only model currently in production. As of March 2022, 500 C-130J aircraft have been delivered to 26 operators in 22 countries.
Luvo Manyonga
Luvo Manyonga (born 8 January 1991) is a South African track and field athlete who specialises in the long jump. He won the 2017 World Championship in London and the 2018 Commonwealth Games title in the Gold Coast, Australia. He was the Olympic silver medallist in 2016 in Rio de Janeiro.

Manyonga was world junior champion in 2010, and the African Games champion in 2011. He competed at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, placing fifth. He was the runner-up at the 2016 African Championships in Athletics.

During his career, Manyonga has been served  with two doping bans. His second ban  was issued in June 2021 when he was given a four-year ban following failure to provide anti-doping officials with sufficient information to complete drug testing. The ban lasted until December 2024.

He holds a personal best of 8.65 m (28 ft 4+1⁄2 in), set in 2017 in Potchefstroom.

2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics
The 2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics was an international athletics competition for athletes under the age of 20 which was held at Moncton Stadium in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada from 19 to 25 July 2010. A total of 44 athletics events were contested at the Championships, 22 by male and 22 by female athletes. It was the second time that the event took place in Canada, after the 1988 edition in Sudbury.  This became the last event announced by Scott Davis.

Katsiaryna Artsiukh of Belarus, the winner of the women's 400 m hurdles title, had a positive test for Metenolone (a banned steroid) on the day of her victory. She was banned from the sport for two years.
MacAndrews & Forbes
MacAndrews & Forbes Incorporated is an American diversified holding company wholly owned by billionaire investor Ronald Perelman. 
Current investments include leading participants across a wide range of industries, from cosmetics and entertainment to biotechnology and military equipment. The principal interests of MacAndrews & Forbes include AM General, Harland Clarke, Merisant, RetailMeNot, Revlon, Scantron, Scientific Games Corporation, SIGA Technologies, Valassis and vTv Therapeutics.

Valassis
Valassis Communications, Inc. is a Livonia, Michigan-based company that provides media and marketing services in the United States, Europe, Mexico, and Canada. It is one of the largest coupon distributors/processors in the world. Since 2020, Valassis has been unified under parent corporation, Vericast.

Valassis companies include Valassis Digital, Valassis Direct Mail, Inc., Valassis Canada, Promotion Watch and NCH Marketing Services, Inc. It has approximately 7,000 employees in 28 states and nine countries.

Valassis has relationships with more than 15,000 advertisers worldwide in various industries, including automotive, consumer electronics, consumer packaged goods, financial services, franchise food, grocery, specialty retail, and telecommunications.

In February 2014, Harland Clarke Holdings, a subsidiary of M&F Worldwide, completed purchase of Valassis for approximately $1.8 billion. Before this, Valassis had been a publicly traded corporation.
Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases
Mathematical models can project how infectious diseases progress to show the likely outcome of an epidemic (including in plants) and help inform public health and plant health interventions. Models use basic assumptions or collected statistics along with mathematics to find parameters for various infectious diseases and use those parameters to calculate the effects of different interventions, like mass vaccination programs. The modelling can help decide which intervention(s) to avoid and which to trial, or can predict future growth patterns, etc.

Mathematical model
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete  system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in many fields, including applied mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences and engineering. In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations. A model may help to characterize a system by studying the effects of different components, which may be used to make predictions about behavior or solve specific problems.
SS Empire Byron
Empire Byron was a 6,645 GRT cargo ship which was built in 1941 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Completed in January 1942, she had a short service career. Empire Byron was torpedoed and sunk on 5 July 1942 by German submarine U-703 while a member of Convoy PQ 17.

German submarine U-703
German submarine U-703 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine deployed during the Second World War against allied shipping in the Arctic Ocean. She was a successful boat, which had a far longer service life than most other U-boats, primarily due to the restricted zone of operations in which she fought. Her main mission during the war was to target the Arctic Convoys which carried supplies to the Soviet Union from Britain. At this she was quite successful in her three years of raiding until her presumed demise in 1944.

U-703 was built at Hamburg in Northern Germany on the North Sea. She was completed in the autumn of 1941, and given to the experienced Kapitänleutnant Heinz Bielfeld to command. He took her on her working-up period in which the boat was tested and the crew trained in the Baltic Sea and around the German held coastlines, before being dispatched to Narvik in Norway for her first war patrol in April 1942.
Clear Lake hitch
The Clear Lake hitch (Lavinia exilicauda chi) is a freshwater fish and a subspecies of the hitch (Lavinia exilicauda). It is a cyprinid fish that is endemic to Clear Lake, California. They are large minnows that can grow to lengths that exceed 35 cm (14 in) standard length. The fish has a life cycle of four to six years. During the winter and spring, when the rains fill up dry rivers, they migrate up the lake's tributaries to spawn. In 2014, it was listed as threatened by the state of California. Local Pomo Tribes call Clear Lake hitch "chi" and harvested the fish during its spawning runs.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
1981 NCAA Division I-A football rankings
Two human polls comprised the 1981 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I-A football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, does not bestow a national championship, instead that title is bestowed by one or more different polling agencies. There are two main weekly polls that begin in the preseason—the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll.

1981 NCAA Division I-A football season
The 1981 NCAA Division I-A football season ended with the Clemson Tigers, unbeaten and untied, claiming the national championship after a victory over Nebraska in the Orange Bowl. This was also the first year of the California Bowl, played in Fresno, California; this game fancied itself as a "junior" version of the Rose Bowl as it pitted the Big West Conference champion vs. the Mid-American Conference champion.
Typhoon Koinu
Typhoon Koinu, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Jenny, was a strong and damaging tropical cyclone that made landfall on the southern tip of Taiwan and affected Hong Kong in early October 2023. Koinu (子犬), a replacement name for Tembin which means puppy or Canis Minor in Japanese, was the fourteenth named storm and ninth typhoon of the inactive 2023 Pacific typhoon season. Koinu originated from an area of low pressure near Guam that generally moved westward into the Philippine Sea, where it was upgraded into a depression.

Koinu later underwent rapid intensification and became a Category 3-equivalent typhoon. The storm then weakened before intensifying to attain its peak intensity as a category 4-equivalent typhoon. Koinu passed close by Lanyu then made landfall over Hengchun, Taiwan.

Hengchun
Hengchun is a township located on the southern tip of the Hengchun Peninsula in Pingtung County, Taiwan. It is the southernmost township in Taiwan. Hengchun is also the only urban township in the southern part of Pingtung County. Hengchun has a land area of 136.76 km2 (52.80 sq mi) and has a population of 29,702 as of February 2024.

The city of Hengchun is the entryway to Kenting National Park, the southernmost National Park in the country.  With pristine beaches and a vibrant tourist industry, the Hengchun area often attracts more travelers than local residents. The city itself was once completely surrounded by a city wall; now about half of the wall remains intact, as well as the four city gates. On weekends, the streets of nearby Kenting are filled with cars and tour buses.

The 2008 Taiwanese film Cape No. 7, the top-grossing film in Taiwan's film history, features Hengchun.
Art Link – West Midlands
Art Link – West Midlands was a participatory arts organisation active in the United Kingdom during the 1980s and 1990s. Based in the West Midlands, it was part of the national Shape Network, which aimed to widen cultural access for disabled and marginalised individuals. Art Link supported creative opportunities in hospitals, care homes, prisons, and community centres, enabling people with limited access to mainstream culture to take part in and create artistic work.

Shape Arts
Shape Arts or Shape is a disability-led arts organisation, working across the UK and internationally, funded by Arts Council England. Shape works to improve access to culture for disabled people by providing opportunities for disabled creatives, training cultural institutions to be more open to disabled people, and through running participatory arts and development programmes.
Timeline of special relativity and the speed of light
This timeline describes the major developments, both experimental and theoretical, of:

Einstein’s special theory of relativity (SR),

its predecessors like the theories of luminiferous aether,

its early competitors, i.e.:
Ritz’s ballistic theory of light,
the models of electromagnetic mass created by Abraham (1902), Lorentz (1904), Bucherer (1904) and Langevin (1904).

This list also mentions the origins of standard notation (like c) and terminology (like theory of relavity).

Alfred Bucherer
Alfred Heinrich Bucherer (* 9 July 1863 in Cologne; † 16 April 1927 in Bonn) was a German physicist, who is known for his experiments on relativistic mass. He also was the first who used the phrase "theory of relativity" for Einstein's theory of special relativity.
Pithwala Stadium
Pithawala Stadium is a cricket stadium in Surat, Gujarat, India. The stadium has two Ranji Trophy matches in 1989 and 1992. The stadium hosted its first first-class match when Gujarat cricket team played against Baroda cricket team as match was drawn. Again in 1992 when Gujarat cricket team played against Baroda cricket team as match was won by Baroda by 195 runs.

In 2004, the stadium hosted a Women's One Day International when touring Australia women's national cricket team played against India women's national cricket team as Australia won by 32 runs.

Currently, The 2020–21 Vijay Hazare Trophy is the 19th season of the Vijay Hazare Trophy, a List A cricket tournament in India. It is being contested by 38 teams, divided into six groups, with six teams in Group A. Baroda, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Hyderabad and Tripura were placed in Group A, with all the matches taking place in Surat and Pithwala Stadium is one of the host of this tournament for Group A.

Baroda cricket team
The Baroda cricket team is a domestic cricket team based in the city of Vadodara, Gujarat. The home ground of the team is the Baroda Cricket Association Stadium. It is one of the three first-class cricket teams based in the Indian state of Gujarat (the other two being the Saurashtra cricket team and the Gujarat cricket team).

The team is run by the Baroda Cricket Association. It has been one of the most successful teams in the Ranji Trophy in the new millennium. Baroda were runners-up in the 2005/06 Ranji Trophy.
Levon Kirkland
Lorenzo Levon Kirkland (born February 17, 1969) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for 11 years in the National Football League (NFL), primarily for the Pittsburgh Steelers. A two-time All-Pro and  two-time Pro Bowl selection with the Steelers, he was named to the NFL 1990s All-Decade Team.

Kirkland played college football for the Clemson Tigers, earning consensus All-American honors in 1991. Selected by Pittsburgh in the second round of the 1992 NFL draft, he played nine seasons with the Steelers, and one each for the Seattle Seahawks and the Philadelphia Eagles.  After his playing career, Kirkland was a linebackers coach for two seasons for the Florida A&M Rattlers.

Florida A&M Rattlers football
The Florida A&M Rattlers football team represents Florida A&M University in the sport of American football. The Rattlers compete in the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) of Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Starting with the fall 2021 season, the Rattlers will compete in the East Division of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC), after a long tenure in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC). They play their home games at Bragg Memorial Stadium in Tallahassee.

The Rattlers have won 17 black college football national championship, 29 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) titles, eight MEAC titles, one SWAC title and one I-AA national title in the history of their football program. During the 2004 season, the Rattlers briefly attempted to move up to Division I-A (now known as the FBS) and become the only HBCU at college football's highest level, but the team was forced to abort its bid.
Maria Amalia of Courland
Princess Maria Amalia of Courland (Maria Anna Amalia Kettler; 12 June 1653 – 16 June 1711) was a Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel by her marriage to Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. She was a daughter of Jacob Kettler, Duke of Courland and Semigallia and Margravine Louise Charlotte of Brandenburg. Her eldest son was King Frederick I of Sweden. One of her daughters was the most recent common ancestor of all the currently reigning monarchs of Europe from 1939 to 1941 and 1943 to 2022.

Jacob Kettler
Jacob Kettler (German: Jakob von Kettler; Latvian: Hercogs Jēkabs Ketlers; 28 October 1610 – 1 January 1682) was Duke of Courland and Semigallia from 1642 to 1682. Under his rule, Courland and Semigallia became more independent of its Polish suzerain, reached its peak in wealth, and even engaged in its own overseas colonization, making it one of the smallest, but fastest growing states in the world at that time.

Yet, in the end the results of his rule failed in the confrontation with much stronger powers both directly in the Baltic (Sweden) and overseas (Dutch Republic). A ruler "too rich and powerful to be a duke but too small and poor to be a king" could not, with his small ancestral territory and very limited resources, play the powerful role he sought in European politics of that time.
Aulad (1962 film)
Aulaad (transl. Progeny) is a 1962 Pakistani Urdu-language black and white film.

The film was released on 3 August 1962, and was directed by S. M. Yusuf who also co-produced it with F. M. Sardar under banner F & Y Movies.

The story, dialogues and lyrics were written by Fayyaz Hashmi. The cast included Nayyar Sultana, Habib, Waheed Murad, Talish and Rehana. The music composition was done by A. Hameed. The film revolves around the struggles and greatness of a woman as a mother and wife. It marked the debut of Murad as an actor who later went on to become a superstar of Pakistani cinema.

This was a super-hit musical film of 1962 and won two awards at the 1962 Nigar Awards; Best director and Best Actress (Sultana).

Nayyar Sultana
Nayyar Sultana (born Tayyaba Bano; 1937 – 27 October 1992), known as Malka-i-Jazbaat (Queen of Sentiments) and Queen of Emotions, was a Pakistani film actress. She became one of the foremost screen actresses of Lollywood in the 1950s and 1960s.
Plaxton Pointer
The Plaxton Pointer (originally known as the Reeve Burgess Pointer, and later as the TransBus Pointer and Alexander Dennis Pointer) is a single-deck midibus body that was manufactured between 1991 and 2006, predominantly on the Dennis Dart chassis, by Reeve Burgess, Plaxton and latterly Alexander Dennis.

Midibus
A midibus is a classification of single-decker minibuses which are generally larger than a traditional minibus but smaller than a full-size single decker and can be anywhere between 8 metres (26 ft 3 in) and 11 metres (36 ft 1 in) long. While used in many parts of the world, the midibus is perhaps most common in the United Kingdom, where operators have found them more economical, and to have a sufficient number of seats compared to full size single-decker buses.

Midibuses are often designed to be lightweight to save on diesel fuel (e.g. smaller wheels than on larger buses), making them not as durable as heavier 'full size' buses. Some midibuses, such as the Scania OmniTown, are heavier and therefore more durable.
In some places such as Hong Kong, some bus routes have to be served by midibuses due to the winding roads along such routes.
Paul Ingrassia (journalist)
Paul Joseph Ingrassia (August 18, 1950 – September 16, 2019) was an American Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist who served as managing editor of Reuters from 2011 to 2016. He was also an editor at the Revs Institute, an automotive history and research center in Naples, Florida, and the (co-)author of three books. He was awarded the Gerald Loeb Lifetime Achievement Award for financial journalism.

Gerald Loeb Award
The Gerald Loeb Awards, also referred to as the Gerald Loeb Awards for Distinguished Business and Financial Journalism, is a recognition of excellence in journalism, especially in the fields of business, finance and the economy.  The award was established in 1957 by Gerald Loeb, a founding partner of E.F. Hutton & Co.  Loeb's intention in creating the award was to encourage reporters to inform and protect private investors as well as the general public in the areas of business, finance and the economy.