hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Klingon culture
Klingon culture is a set of customs and practices of Klingons depicted in the fictional Star Trek universe. The fictional Klingon society is based on Klingon traditions and conventions, as well as a constructed language named Klingon. Klingons were created by Gene L. Coon.

Gene L. Coon
Eugene Lee Coon (January 7, 1924 – July 8, 1973) was an American screenwriter, television producer, and novelist. He is best remembered for his work on the original Star Trek as a screenwriter, story editor, and showrunner from the middle of the series' first season to the middle of the second. Along with series creator Gene Roddenberry, Coon is given credit for the show's idealistic tone and for creating several key story and world-building elements that would become important parts of the ongoing franchise.
Vikram I. Shah
Dr. Vikram I Shah is an Indian orthopedic surgeon in Ahmedabad and healthcare entrepreneur. Dr Vikram Shah is the Founder, Chairman & Managing Director of Shalby Hospitals, established in 1994 .

Dr Vikram Shah is known for his significant contributions to the field of joint replacement surgeries. his contributions in the field of joint replacement have been recognised through B C Roy International Award. He is the only Indian surgeon to be selected on the Board of Designers of Zimmer Inc., USA.

Joint replacement
Joint replacement is a procedure of orthopedic surgery known also as arthroplasty, in which an arthritic or dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with an orthopedic prosthesis. Joint replacement is considered as a treatment when severe joint pain or dysfunction is not alleviated by less-invasive therapies. Joint replacement surgery is often indicated from various joint diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Joint replacement has become more common, mostly with knee and hip replacements. About 773,000 Americans had a hip or knee replaced in 2009.
Vicious Cycle (album)
Vicious Cycle is the twelfth studio album by Lynyrd Skynyrd, released in 2003. It was the first album recorded by the band following the death of original bassist Leon Wilkeson, who appears on two songs, "The Way" and "Lucky Man", and the song "Mad Hatter" is a tribute to him. The album is the first to feature bassist Ean Evans, the first mainstream album with Michael Cartellone on drums (who had previously appeared on Christmas Time Again), and the last album that guitarist Hughie Thomasson played on before he died. It included the single "Red, White & Blue" which peaked at number 27 on the US Mainstream Rock charts.

Ean Evans
Donald "Ean" Evans (September 16, 1960– May 6, 2009) was an American musician who was the bassist for southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd from 2001 until his death. He joined the band following the death of Leon Wilkeson.
Soll das wirklich alles sein?
Soll das wirklich alles sein? (English: Is That Really All?) is the second studio album by Austrian recording artist Christina Stürmer. It was released by Universal Music subsidiary Amadeo on 8 June 2004 in Austria. As with her debut album Freier Fall (2003), Stürmer worked with Alexander Kahr on most of the album. Upon its release, Soll das wirklich alles sein? became her second number-one album and the fourth highest-selling album of the year in Austria. It was eventually certified 3× Platinum the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), indicating sales in excess of 90,000 copies.

Freier Fall
Freier Fall (English: Free Fall) is the debut studio album by Austrian recording artist Christina Stürmer. Recorded after her participation in the ORF 1 talent show Starmania, where she had finished runner-up, it was released by Amadeo, a Universal Music subsidiary, on 16 June 2003 in Austria. Upon its release, it became one of the most successful debuts in years, reaching number-one on the Austrian Albums Chart and finishing second on the Ö3 Austria year-end chart. It was eventually certified  4× Platinum by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), indicating sales in excess of 120,000 copies.
Amphirosellinia
Amphirosellinia is a genus of five species of fungi in the family Xylariaceae. It was circumscribed in 2004 with A. nigrospora as the type species. The genus name refers to the similarities in morphology it shares with the genus Rosellinia. Amphirosellinia species grow inside the bark of dicot trees, forming stromata (dense structural tissue) encased by black, carbonized perithecia. The ascospores are brown and ellipsoid to cylindrical in shape. The anamorph forms of Amphirosellinia have geniculate (zig-zag) conidiogenous regions.

Rosellinia
Rosellinia is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae consisting of over 90 species. Several of the species in this genus are plant pathogens. Fossils of Rosellinia have been found in 12 million year old rocks from central England.

The genus was circumscribed by Giuseppe De Notaris in Giorn. Bot. Ital. vol.1 (Issue 1) on page 334 in 1844.

The genus name of Rosellinia is in honour of Ferdinando Pio Rosellini (1814–1872), who was an Italian mathematician and botanist.
Alois Rašín
Alois Rašín (18 October 1867 – 18 February 1923) was a Czech and Czechoslovak politician, economist, one of the founders of Czechoslovakia and first Ministry for Finance. He was the author of the first law of Czechoslovakia and creator of the country's currency, the Czechoslovak koruna. Rašín was a representative of conservative liberalism and was mortally wounded in assassination for being viewed as a head of the nation's capitalism.

Karel Kramář
Karel Kramář (27 December 1860 – 26 May 1937) was a Czech politician. He was a representative of the major Czech political party, the Young Czechs, in the Austrian Imperial Council from 1891 to 1915 (where he was also known as Karl Kramarsch), becoming the party leader in 1897.

During the First World War, Kramář was imprisoned for treason against Austria-Hungary but later released under an amnesty. In 1918, he headed the Czechoslovak National Committee in Prague, which declared independence on 28 October. Kramář became the first Prime Minister of the new state but resigned over policy differences less than a year later. Although he remained a member of the National Assembly until his death in 1937, his conservative nationalism was out of tune with the main political establishment, represented by the figures of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and Edvard Beneš.
Nikita Polyakov
Nikita Polyakov (Uzbek: Никита Поляков; born May 16, 1986) is an Uzbek former swimmer, who specialized in individual medley events. Polyakov qualified for the men's 400 m individual medley at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by clearing a FINA B-cut of 4:33.02 from the Russian Championships in Moscow. He participated in the first heat against three other swimmers Saša Imprić of Croatia, Andrew Mackay of the Cayman Islands, and Lin Yu-an of the Chinese Taipei. He rounded out a small field to last place and thirty-sixth overall by a 37.64-second margin behind Impric with a slowest time of 5:09.66.

Saša Imprić
Saša Imprić (born January 9, 1986, in Zagreb) is a medley swimmer and  from Croatia, who made his Olympic debut for his native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. There he was eliminated in the qualifying heats of the 400 m Individual Medley, placing 32nd.
Upside Down (group)
Upside Down were an English boy band which consisted of Chris Leng, Giles Kristian, Jamie Browne and Richard Micallef. The formation of the group was featured in the late night BBC Television documentary series, Inside Story.

The group was developed by World Records, an independent record label who had staked everything on the success of their act. Their first single, "Change Your Mind", was written for fellow 1990s boy band Bad Boys Inc and, following the broadcast of the Inside Story documentary, it jumped from No. 35 to No. 12 in the charts, peaking at No. 11 a week later. After four hit singles, World Records went into bankruptcy and Upside Down re-grouped as Orange Orange with no further success. Kristian went on to be a bestselling author of historical fiction.

They appeared on BBC's Top of The Pops in 1996.

Bad Boys Inc
Bad Boys Inc were a British boy band, formed in 1993 by the record producer Ian Levine. Signed to A&M Records, the members were David W. Ross (born 15 March 1974 in Bournemouth), Matthew James Pateman (born 14 May 1971 in Sidcup, Kent), Tony Dowding (born 6 September 1972 in Welwyn Garden City) and Ally Begg (born 21 August 1972 in Bury St Edmunds).
U.S. Route 51 in Tennessee
U.S. Route 51 (US 51), mostly overlapped by the unsigned State Route 3 (SR 3), is a north–south state highway in the U.S. state of Tennessee, that is 135.9 miles (218.71 km) long and completely within West Tennessee. It begins in Shelby County and ends in Obion County. The SR 3 designation is seen largely on mileposts.

The two places where US 51 and SR 3 diverge are in Memphis, where US 51 has been moved to Danny Thomas Boulevard (State Route 1 / State Route 4), while SR 3 remains on the one-way pair of 2nd and 3rd Streets, and in South Fulton, where US 51 crosses the state line on State Route 215 to I-69, while SR 3 remains on the old road, now U.S. Route 45.

Tennessee State Route 215
State Route 215 (SR 215) is an unsigned, east–west, state highway entirely within the city limits of South Fulton, Tennessee, although the direction is more northwest to southeast as it curves around the southwest part of the city. It is better known as US 45E and is briefly US 51 near the Kentucky state line. The route serves as a bypass for South Fulton. The northwestern portion is a four-lane divided highway and the southeastern portion is a four lane undivided highway with a center left turn lane.
Phil Joseph
Philip Joseph (born 10 January 1985) is a former Wales international rugby league footballer. He played at club level for Huddersfield, Hull Kingston Rovers, Halifax, Oldham, Swinton and the Bradford Bulls, as a prop, hooker, second-row or loose forward.

Halifax Panthers
The Halifax Panthers are a professional rugby league club in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England. They play home games at The Shay and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Halifax Panthers won the League Championship four times and the Challenge Cup five times.

The club's parent company, Halifax Rugby League Football Club Limited, was placed into liquidation in February 2026 and the club's membership of the Rugby Football League terminated two days later.

They had rivalries with neighbours Bradford and Huddersfield of Super League, fellow Championship side Featherstone Rovers, and Pennines rivals Oldham and  Rochdale. The club's traditional home colours were blue and white hoops, white shorts, and blue and white socks.
Matthew Lynn
Matthew Lynn (born 1962) is a British financial journalist, author and publisher. He writes for The Daily Telegraph, The Spectator and MoneyWeek, and has worked as a columnist for The Sunday Times and Bloomberg.  He is also a thriller writer and author of the Death Force series of novels, having written under the name James Harland.

MoneyWeek
MoneyWeek is a British weekly investment title that is published as a weekly magazine and in a number of digital formats (website, email newsletters and a mobile app). It provides commentary and analysis of UK and global markets, as well as property, tax and personal finance news. MoneyWeek is edited in London.
Tomer Machloof
Tomer Machloof (Hebrew: תומר מחלוף; born 25 July 1991) is an Israeli film, television and stage actor and model. He is best known for his role as David in the HOT comedy series, Chanshi (2022), for which he received an Ophir Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series.

Hot (Israel)
Hot Telecommunication Systems Ltd. (Hebrew: הוט - מערכות תקשורת בע"מ) is a company that provides cable television, last-mile Internet access, broadband and telecommunication services in Israel. It also provides various data transmission services and network services at different rates, services to the business sector and other ancillary services.

In November 2004, Hot Telecom commenced providing domestic fixed line telephone services to residential and business subscribers. The company's shares were traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange and it was a constitute of the TA-100 Index until its acquisition by Altice. In March 2013, the company employed 3,958 workers.
Karl F. Nystrom
Karl Fritjof Nystrom (1881–1961) was an American rail engineer who introduced a number of important innovations, including welded lightweight freight and passenger railcars. He is probably best known for his work designing and building the Hiawatha trains for the Milwaukee Road.

Milwaukee Road
The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (CMStP&P), better known as the Milwaukee Road (reporting mark MILW), was a Class I railroad that operated in the Midwest and Northwest of the United States from 1847 until 1986.

The company experienced financial difficulty through the 1970s and 1980s, including bankruptcy in 1977 (though it filed for bankruptcy twice in 1925 and 1935, respectively). In 1980, it abandoned its Pacific Extension, which included track in the states of Montana, Idaho, and Washington. The remaining system was merged into the Soo Line Railroad (reporting mark SOO), a subsidiary of Canadian Pacific Railway (reporting mark CP), on January 1, 1986. Much of its historical trackage remains in use by other railroads. The company brand is commemorated by buildings like the historic Milwaukee Road Depot in Minneapolis and preserved locomotives such as Milwaukee Road 261 which operates excursion trains.
Bugatti Type 1
The Bugatti Type 1 or Prinetti & Stucchi Type 1 was an automobile designed by Ettore Bugatti and produced by Prinetti & Stucchi in 1899.  It had four engines, two on each side of the rear axle. The first real production Bugatti was the Bugatti Type 13. At the age of 17, Ettore Bugatti won a race at Reggio Emilia on the Type 1.

Prinetti & Stucchi
Prinetti & Stucchi, later Stucchi & Co., was an Italian maker of sewing machines, bicycles and motorized vehicles, established in Milan in 1883. It was owned by engineers and politicians Augusto Stucchi and Giulio Prinetti (1851–1908).
Mick Henderson
Michael Robert Henderson (born 31 March 1956) is an English former football player, coach and manager. Primarily a defender, Henderson also played professionally in midfield, and spent most of his professional career in England's Football League.

Starting his career as a schoolboy at Sunderland, Henderson played a part in their promotion to the First Division in 1976, before transferring to Watford in 1979 for £120,000. He made 67 appearances for Watford in all competitions, but was a backup to Pat Rice during Watford's 1981–82 promotion to the First Division. At the end of that season, he joined Cardiff City, and later played for Sheffield United and Chesterfield. Towards the end of his time at Chesterfield, Henderson player-coached and briefly managed the team.] Following his retirement from football, Henderson became a police officer.

Pat Rice
Patrick James Rice, MBE (born 17 March 1949) is a Northern Irish former football player and coach. As a player, he made nearly 400 appearances for Arsenal, winning the Double, and later made a hundred more appearances for Watford. He also won 49 caps for Northern Ireland. After retirement from playing professionally he was at the helm of Arsenal's academy teams, before serving as caretaker manager and then assistant manager, a position he held since the appointment of Arsène Wenger in 1996. Rice helped the club to two more Doubles, amongst other silverware, in that time. He announced his retirement from the post on 10 May 2012.
C. V. Wood
Cornelius Vanderbilt Wood Jr. (December 17, 1920 – March 14, 1992) was an American developer of theme parks and planned communities. He was the chief developer of Disneyland and then, through his own company, Marco Engineering, he developed other parks in several locations across the country. These theme parks included Freedomland U.S.A. in New York City, Pleasure Island in Wakefield, Massachusetts and Six Flags Over Texas in Arlington, Texas.

Wakefield, Massachusetts
Wakefield is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the greater Boston metropolitan area, incorporated in 1812 and located about 12.5 mi (20.1 km) north-northwest of Downtown Boston. Wakefield's population was 27,090 at the 2020 census. Wakefield offers an assortment of activities around the local lake, Lake Quannapowitt.
Sunny Brian
Sunny Brian (サニーブライアン, Hepburn: Sanī Buraian, 23 April 1994 – 3 March 2011) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse who won the first two leg of Japanese Classic Races, the Satsuki Shō and the Tōkyō Yūshun in 1997. He had a total earnings of ¥340,306,000 before his retirement.

Satsuki Shō
The Satsuki Shō (皐月賞) is a Grade 1 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies run over a distance of 2,000 metres (approximately 1+1⁄4 mile) at the Nakayama Racecourse, Funabashi, Chiba, in April.

It was first run in 1939 and is the Japanese equivalent of the English 2,000 Guineas. (Note that the original 2,000 Guineas is currently run at 1,609 metres, or one mile, about two furlongs shorter than the Satsuki Shō.)
Marie Thérèse Geoffrin
Marie Thérèse Geoffrin (French pronunciation: [maʁi teʁɛz ʁɔdɛ ʒɔfʁɛ̃], née Rodet; 26 June 1699 – 6 October 1777) was a French salon holder who has been referred to as one of the leading female figures in the French Enlightenment. From 1750 to 1777, Madame Geoffrin played host to many of the most influential Philosophes and Encyclopédistes of her time.

Her association with several prominent dignitaries and public figures from across Europe has earned Madame Geoffrin international recognition. Her patronage and dedication to both the philosophical men of letters and talented artists that frequented her house is emblematic of her role as guide and protector. In her salon on the Rue Saint-Honoré, Madame Geoffrin demonstrated qualities of politeness and civility that helped stimulate and regulate intellectual discussion. Her actions as a Parisian salonnière exemplify many of the most important characteristics of Enlightenment sociability.

Philosophes
The philosophes (French for 'philosophers') were the intellectuals of the 18th-century European Enlightenment. Few were primarily philosophers; rather, philosophes were public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning, including philosophy, history, science, politics, economics, and social issues. They had a critical eye and looked for weaknesses and failures that needed improvement. They promoted a "Republic of Letters" that crossed national boundaries and allowed intellectuals to freely exchange books and ideas. Most philosophes were men, but some were women.

They strongly endorsed progress and tolerance, as they distrusted organized religion (most were deists) and feudal institutions. Many contributed to Diderot's Encyclopédie. They faded away after the French Revolution reached a violent stage in 1793.
Cliff Lewis (quarterback)
Clifford Allen Lewis (March 22, 1923 – July 25, 2002) was an American professional football player for the Cleveland Browns of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and National Football League (NFL). He was the team's first quarterback.

Lewis attended Lakewood High School in Lakewood, Ohio, and Staunton Military Academy in Virginia. He went to Duke University, where he played football as a back. He was a member of the Duke Blue Devils basketball team during the 1944–45 season. Lewis joined the Browns after graduating from college and spent his entire professional career with the team, playing primarily as a defensive back. He left the game after the 1951 season to concentrate on his insurance business. Lewis died in 2002.

Staunton Military Academy
Staunton Military Academy was a private all-male military school located in Staunton, Virginia. Founded in 1884, the academy closed in 1976. The school was highly regarded for its academic and military programs, and many notable American political and military leaders were graduates, including Sen. Barry Goldwater, the 1964 Republican presidential candidate, and his son, Rep. Barry Goldwater Jr., 1960s folk singer Phil Ochs, and John Dean, a White House Counsel who was a central figure in the Watergate scandal of the early 1970s.

A museum dedicated to the school's history is located on its former campus, now part of Mary Baldwin University. Throughout its history, the academy was referred to by students, faculty, and Staunton residents simply by its initials, SMA.
Desmond Ridder
Desmond Kelly Ridder (born August 31, 1999) is an American professional football quarterback for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Cincinnati Bearcats, earning AAC Offensive Player of the Year honors twice before being selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the third round of the 2022 NFL draft.

Kenny Pickett
Kenneth Pickett  (born June 6, 1998) is an American professional football quarterback for the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Pittsburgh Panthers, winning the Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award in 2021, and was selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the first round of the 2022 NFL draft. Pickett spent two seasons as the Steelers' primary starter, helping lead the team to a playoff appearance in 2023. Due to inconsistent play, he was traded to the Philadelphia Eagles, where he spent one season as a backup and was a member of the team that won Super Bowl LIX. He joined the Raiders in 2025.
Bolzano/Bozen railway station
Bolzano/Bozen railway station (IATA: BZQ) (Italian: Stazione di Bolzano, German: Bozen Bahnhof) is the main station of Bolzano, capital of the autonomous province of South Tyrol, in northeastern Italy.

The station was opened in 1859 by the Austrian Empire's Südbahn. It is located on the trans-Alpine Brenner Railway and a terminus of a branch line to Merano, which continues to become Vinschgau Railway Merano-Mals.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI). The commercial area of the passenger building, however, is managed by Centostazioni. Train services to and from the station are operated by Trenitalia, ÖBB-DB, Südtirol Bahn and Russian Railways (RZD).

Merano
Merano or Meran is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol, Northern Italy. Generally best known for its spa resorts, it is located within a basin, surrounded by mountains standing up to 3,335 metres (10,942 feet) above sea level, at the entrance to the Passeier Valley and the Vinschgau.

The city has been a popular place of residence for several scientists, literary people, and artists, including Franz Kafka, Paul Lazarsfeld and also Empress Elisabeth of Austria, who appreciated its mild climate.
Robert H. Scanlan
Robert H. Scanlan (1914-2001) was an American civil and aeronautical engineer who came to be widely recognized as a leader in the analysis of wind effects on large structures. Scanlan created the concept of flutter derivatives to aid in the representation of self-excited forces in theoretical models. His research in the area of bridge aerodynamics made possible the construction of larger, sturdier, and more cost-effective bridges. Scanlan worked in both industry and academia, and his employers included Republic Aviation, the Federal Aviation Administration, the French agencies CNRS and ONERA, Schlumberger, the Case Institute of Technology, Princeton University, and Johns Hopkins University. In the course of his life, Scanlan published two textbooks, "Aircraft Vibration and Flutter" and "Wind Effects on Large Structures," which are used by engineers worldwide.

Republic Aviation
The Republic Aviation Corporation was an American aircraft manufacturer based in Farmingdale, New York, on Long Island. Originally known as the Seversky Aircraft Company, the company was responsible for the design and production of many important military aircraft, including its most famous products: World War II's P-47 Thunderbolt fighter, the F-84 Thunderjet and F-105 Thunderchief jet fighters.