hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vitorino Nemésio
Vitorino Nemésio Mendes Pinheiro da Silva (19 December 1901 – 20 February 1978) was a Portuguese poet, author and intellectual from Terceira, Azores, best known for his novel Mau Tempo No Canal (literally, Bad Weather in the Channel but published in an English translation as Stormy Isles – An Azorean Tale), as well as a professor in the Faculty of Letters at the University of Lisbon and member of the Academy of Sciences of Lisbon.

Terceira Island
Terceira (Portuguese pronunciation: [tɨɾˈsɐjɾɐ]) is a volcanic island in the Azores archipelago of Portugal, 1,181 km (734 mi) due west of Lisbon. It is one of the larger islands of the archipelago, with a population of 53,311 inhabitants in an area of approximately 396.75 km2 (153.19 sq mi).

Terceira is the location of the Azores' oldest city, Angra do Heroísmo, the historical capital of the archipelago and a UNESCO World Heritage Site; the seat of the judicial system (Supreme Court); and the main insular Portuguese Air Force base, Base Aérea nº 4 at Lajes, with a United States Air Force detachment.

Terceira island has two main sea ports, one at Angra do Heroísmo and the other at Praia da Vitória, and a commercial airport integrated with the flight operations at Lajes. Portuguese bullfighting is popular on the island, in two versions: the traditional equestrian bullfight (in the ring) and the popular "tourada à corda" that occurs in the streets.
Chienlit
Chienlit is a traditional French term typically translated as masquerade (French: Mascarade) or carnival/chaos. It was brought to notoriety by General Charles de Gaulle in an angry speech during the student protests in Paris during May 1968 in France, when he used the vernacular term as a scatological pun "La réforme oui, la chie-en-lit non" meaning Reform yes, but chaos—no whilst the pun was Reform—yes, shit in bed—no.

The term is now common parlance in French political commentary, used both critically and ironically referring back to de Gaulle.

Scatology
In medicine and biology, scatology or coprology is the study of faeces.

Scatological studies allow one to determine a wide range of biological information about a creature, including its diet (and thus where it has been), health and diseases such as tapeworms.

A comprehensive study of scatology was documented by John Gregory Bourke under the title Scatalogic Rites of All Nations (1891), with a 1913 German translation including a foreword by Sigmund Freud. An abbreviated version of the work was published as The Portable Scatalog in 1994.
Pudhiya Geethai
Pudhiya Geethai (transl. New Gita) is a 2003 Indian Tamil-language supernatural action drama film written and directed by newcomer K. P. Jagan. The film stars Vijay, who plays the role of a brilliant young man, along with Meera Jasmine and Ameesha Patel. Kalabhavan Mani and Karunas play other supporting roles. Notably, this film is Patel's first and remains her only Tamil film till date. The film, which has music scored by brothers Yuvan Shankar Raja and Karthik Raja.

Pudhiya Geethai was released on 8 May 2003. The film received mixed reviews and became a commercial failure.

Meera Jasmine
Jasmine Mary Joseph, known professionally as Meera Jasmine, is an Indian actress who appears primarily in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada films. Jasmine made her debut in 2001 with the Lohithadas film Soothradharan. She went on to star in various commercial and critically successful films in South Indian languages, making her one of the successful actresses of the 2000s.

She won the National Film Award for Best Actress in 2004 for her role in Paadam Onnu: Oru Vilapam, and has twice been the recipient of the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress as well as a Tamil Nadu State Film Award. She also received the Kalaimamani award from the Government of Tamil Nadu.
Valve-sparing aortic root replacement
Valve-sparing aortic root replacement (also known as the David procedure) is a cardiac surgery procedure which is used to treat Aortic aneurysms and to prevent Aortic dissection. It involves replacement of the aortic root without replacement of the aortic valve. Two similar procedures were developed, one by Sir Magdi Yacoub, and another by Tirone David.

Aortic valve
The aortic valve is a valve in the heart of humans and most other animals, located between the left ventricle and the aorta. It is one of the four valves of the heart and one of the two semilunar valves, the other being the pulmonary valve. The aortic valve normally has three cusps or leaflets, although in 1–2% of the population it is found to congenitally have two leaflets. The aortic valve is the last structure in the heart the blood travels through before stopping the flow through the systemic circulation.
Hogatza River
The Hogatza River (Koyukon: Hʉgaadzaat No’; Iñupiaq: Kuuġuqpak or Haukaatchiatnaaq) is a 120-mile (190 km) tributary of the Koyukuk River in the U.S. state of Alaska. Beginning in the Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, it flows generally southwest to meet the larger river west of Hughes. The river's name is from the Koyukon language, but the meaning is uncertain.

Koyukon language
Koyukon (also called Denaakk'e) is the geographically most widespread Athabascan language spoken in Alaska. The Athabaskan language is spoken along the Koyukuk and the middle Yukon Rivers in western interior Alaska. In 2007, the language had approximately 300 speakers, who were generally older adults and bilingual in English. The total Koyukon ethnic population was 2,300.
Battle of Virserum
The Battle of Virserum, also called the Battle of Lake Hjorten was the final engagement between the royal troops of Gustav Vasa and the insurgent leader Nils Dacke during the Dacke War. An estimated 20,000 people took part in the fighting.

Gustav Vasa
Gustav Eriksson Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), also known as Gustav I, was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560. He was previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm (Riksföreståndare) from 1521, during the Swedish War of Liberation against King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Gustav rose to lead this war following the Stockholm Bloodbath, where his father was executed. Gustav's election as king on 6 June 1523 (the future National Day of Sweden) and his triumphant entry into Stockholm eleven days later marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union.

During his reign, Gustav initiated the Protestant Swedish reformation, transformed the country from an elective to a hereditary monarchy and established a standing army and navy.
Cala Llonga
Cala Llonga is a settlement and beach resort on the island of Ibiza, in the Balearic Islands, Spain, in the municipality of Santa Eulalia del Río. In 2018, its population was 1042. The resort is a popular destination for tourists, and has ferry connexions with Ibiza Town, Es Caná, and Santa Eulalia del Río.

Santa Eulària des Riu
Santa Eulària des Riu (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsantə əwˈlaɾiə ðəz ˈriw], Spanish: Santa Eulalia del Río) is a coastal town on the south eastern coast of the Spanish island of Ibiza. The town is located on the designated road EI-200. Santa Eulària is the third largest town on the island and also has the only river on the island which flows into the sea at the western end of the town.
WNDT-CD
WNDT-CD (channel 14) is a Class A television station in New York City, affiliated with First Nations Experience (FNX). Owned by The WNET Group, it is sister to the city's two PBS member stations—Newark, New Jersey–licensed WNET (channel 13) and Garden City, New York–licensed WLIW (channel 21)—and Class A station WMBQ-CD (channel 46).

Under a channel sharing arrangement, WNDT-CD and WMBQ-CD share transmitter facilities with WNET at One World Trade Center. Despite WNDT-CD and WMBQ-CD legally holding low-power class A licenses, they transmit using WNET's full-power spectrum. This ensures complete reception across the New York City television market.

In addition to FNX programming, WNDT-CD airs some news and public affairs shows from WNET and NJ PBS.

First Nations Experience
First Nations Experience (FNX) is a non-profit television network in San Bernardino, California, owned by the San Bernardino Community College District. The network, created by Executive Director Charles Fox, is broadcast from the KVCR-DT studios located inside the Media & Communications Building on the campus of San Bernardino Valley College on South Mount Vernon Avenue. FNX is America's first and only broadcast network aimed at Native Americans and global Indigenous audiences and consumers of Native American culture.
Liberation Suite
Liberation Suite (sometimes LibSuite) was a Jesus Music era Christian rock band. They originated in San Marcos, Texas but soon moved to Great Britain, where they found their greatest success. Cross Rhythms characterizes the band as having a "special relationship" with the United kingdom and a straightforward approach to music and ministry. Typical of Jesus music, they played songs in a variety of styles including country, new wave, and rock.

Cross Rhythms
Cross Rhythms is a Christian media organisation based in Stoke-on-Trent, England. It operates an FM and online radio station, produces radio shows sent internationally, and its website has resources about contemporary Christian music.
Roy Dyckhoff
Roy Dyckhoff (March 4, 1948 – August 23, 2018) was a British mathematician, logician and computer scientist who worked in logic and proof theory in the Department of Pure Mathematics and later Computer Science at the University of St Andrews. He is most well known for his discovery in 1992 of a terminating sequent calculus for intuitionistic propositional logic. His Erdős number was 3.

Decidability (logic)
In logic, a true/false decision problem is decidable if there exists an effective method for deriving the correct answer. Logical systems are decidable if membership in their set of logically valid formulas (or theorems) can be effectively determined. Zeroth-order logic (propositional logic) is decidable, whereas first-order and higher-order logic are not. A theory (set of sentences closed under logical consequence) in a fixed logical system is decidable if there is an effective method for determining whether arbitrary formulas are included in the theory. Many important problems are undecidable, that is, it has been proven that no effective method for determining membership (returning a correct answer after finite, though possibly very long, time in all cases) can exist for them.
Killing of Anthony Alvarez
On March 31, 2021, Anthony Alvarez, a 22-year-old Latino man, was shot and killed by a Chicago Police Department officer in the Portage Park neighborhood on the Northwest Side of Chicago. Police body camera footage of Alvarez' death was released on April 28, showing Alvarez being shot in the back while fleeing from police with a firearm in his hand. The footage of Alvarez' death was the third high-profile release of footage showing police killing a young Latino in the month of April 2021, following Adam Toledo and Mario Gonzalez.

Death of Mario Gonzalez
On April 19, 2021, Mario Gonzalez, an unarmed 26-year-old Latino man, died while under police custody by the Alameda, California Police Department.
In their initial report of the incident, the department reported that Gonzalez died after a "scuffle" and "physical altercation" resulting in a "medical emergency."
The Gonzalez family's attorney called the police's descriptions of his death "misinformation."

In body cam footage released on April 27, Gonzalez could be seen being pinned to the ground for more than five minutes while officers stated, "Please stop resisting us."
At one point, Gonzalez told the officers, "Please don't do this to me," before eventually becoming unresponsive.
He was later pronounced dead at a hospital. His death was ruled a homicide.
Buli (film)
Buli (English: Bully) is a 2004 Malaysian Malay-language black comedy film directed by Afdlin Shauki in his directorial debut. The film stars Afdlin himself, along with Hans Isaac, Nasha Aziz, Ako Mustapha, and Sharifah Shahirah as well as cameo appearances from well-known Malaysian celebrities. Its sequel, Buli Balik was released in 2006.

Hans Isaac
Gerald Hans Isaac (born 20 August 1971) is a Malaysian former actor, producer, director, and politician.

On 10 April 2019, he was appointed as the Chairman of the National Film Development Corporation Malaysia (FINAS), and resigned after a year. In December 2021, Hans announced he was retiring from acting after more than two decades.
Tom McArdle
Tom McArdle is an American film editor. He is best known for editing the film Spotlight (2015), which earned a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing at the 88th Academy Awards and also won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Editing.

McArdle edited 7 films written and directed by Tom McCarthy, including The Station Agent (2003), The Visitor (2007), Win Win (2011) and Stillwater (2021).

Other notable films McArdle has edited include Marshall (2017), In a World... (2013) and Timmy Failure: Mistakes Were Made (2020). He joined the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2016. A graduate of Dartmouth College, McArdle grew up in Garden City, New York. In 1987, McArdle was ranked 4th among US high-schoolers in the 3200 meter run with a time of 8:55.2. He currently holds the Nassau County (Section 8) indoor record for the 3200 meter run with a time of 9:02.5 from 1987.

In a World...
In a World... is a 2013 American comedy film written, directed, starring, and co-produced by Lake Bell. The film stars Bell as a vocal coach who does voice-overs for film trailers. The film co-stars Demetri Martin, Fred Melamed, Rob Corddry, Michaela Watkins, Ken Marino, Nick Offerman, and Tig Notaro.

The film debuted at 2013 Sundance Film Festival in January and had its international debut at Sundance London in April before an August 2013 theatrical release. The film grossed $3.1 million against a production budget of less than $1 million. Most of the gross was domestic. Bell presents the subject matter as a lifelong interest and a natural pursuit based on her life experiences; she spent several years writing the film's script.

The film received positive reviews from critics and accolades from institutions such as the Sundance Film Festival and the National Board of Review.
Scott Martin (thrower)
Scott Martin (born 12 October 1982 in Wodonga, Victoria) is an Australian shot putter and discus throw competitor. He rose to prominence in a National Australia Bank advertisement promoting the 2006 Commonwealth Games; in the ad, Martin was shown taking part in a ballet class to improve his discus technique. He won a bronze medal in the men's shot put at the Games, and won gold in the men's discus throw.

Martin is a three-time discus champion (2004–06). He is currently managed by the Australian arm of Athletes1, whose Director is Rick Olarenshaw.

In 2008, Martin was temporarily the Australia and Oceania shot put record holder following his performance at the Melbourne Telstra A Series. He competed at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in the shot put and 2012 London Olympics at the discus but failed to progress beyond the qualifying stage on both occasions.

Athletics at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
At the 2006 Commonwealth Games, the athletics events were held in Melbourne, Australia from 19 March to 25 March 2006. A total of 47 events were contested, of which 24 by male and 23 by female athletes. Furthermore, three men's and three women's disability events were held within the programme. All athletics events took place within the Melbourne Cricket Ground, while the marathon and racewalking events took place on the streets of Melbourne and finished at the main stadium.

The hosts Australia easily won the medals table with 16 golds and 41 medals in total. Jamaica came second with 10 golds and 22 medals, while Kenya and England were the next best performers. A total of eleven Games records were broken over the course of the seven-day competition. Six of the records were broken by Australian athletes.
Jónas Tór Næs
Jónas Þór Næs (born 27 December 1986) is a Faroese retired international footballer.

He played professionally for BK Frem in 2005-06 and again 2009–10. Næs previously played for Valur (2011–13), Fremad Amager (2007–08), Køge BK (2008–09), Argja Bóltfelag (2007), NSÍ Runavík (2008) and B36 (2013-16).

Valur (men's football)
The Valur men's football team, commonly known as Valur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvaːlʏr̥], lit. 'Gyrfalcon'), is the men's football department of the Knattspyrnufélagið Valur multi-sport club. The club is based in Reykjavík, Iceland, and currently plays in the Besta deild karla, the top league of men's football in Iceland. The team plays its home games at Hlíðarendi in Reykjavík. The team's colours are red and white. Valur has spent most of its time in the top-flight of Icelandic football, spending only three seasons outside the top tier. Valur is one of the most successful football clubs in Iceland, with 23 Icelandic championships.
Thugs Get Lonely Too
"Thugs Get Lonely Too" is a song by rapper Tupac Shakur featuring Nate Dogg. The song was released as a 12" promo single for his 2004 posthumous album Loyal to the Game. The song was also used as the b-side to the album's lead single "Ghetto Gospel".

It charted at number 55 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and number 98 on the Billboard Hot 100. As the song was released as a promotional single only, no official music video for the song was created. In 1993.

Ghetto Gospel
"Ghetto Gospel" is a song by American rapper Tupac Shakur, which was released as the lead single from his 2004 posthumous album Loyal to the Game. The song was produced by American rapper Eminem and samples Elton John's 1971 song "Indian Sunset".

The single topped the charts in the UK (for three weeks), Australia, Czech Republic, and Ireland. In New Zealand, it peaked at number three. The song was written by Tupac as an outcry to "end the war on the streets", addressing the futility of racial difference and dissidence, particularly under the unifying banner of poverty. He also pays tribute to murdered black activists Malcolm X and Bobby Hutton in the song.

In response to Eminem's remix, Elton John said: "how he's managed to meld [Indian Sunset] with Tupac, I'll never know. It's just genius".
Boca Unidos
Club Atlético Boca Unidos (mostly known simply as Boca Unidos) is an Argentine football and basketball club from Corrientes Province. The football squad currently plays in the Primera B Nacional, the second division of Argentine football league system.

At the end of the 2006–07 season, Boca Unidos was promoted from the Torneo Argentino B to the Torneo Argentino A via play-off. On 21 June 2009, they won another promotion which allowed it to play in the Primera B Nacional, where has remained since.

Torneo Argentino A
The Torneo Argentino A (in English "Argentine A Tournament") was one of the two leagues that formed the regionalised third level of the  Argentine football league system. Clubs in the Torneo Argentino have indirect membership in AFA, while clubs in the Primera B Metropolitana (the other third division) have direct membership in AFA. All teams with indirect membership are from outside the city of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area (Greater Buenos Aires), while most of the direct members are from the aforementioned area.
Bad As I Wanna Be: The Dennis Rodman Story
Bad As I Wanna Be: The Dennis Rodman Story is a 1998 American drama film directed by Jean de Segonzac and written by John Miglis and Gar Anthony Haywood. It is based on the 1996 book Bad As I Wanna Be by Dennis Rodman and Tim Keown. The film stars Dwayne Adway, John Terry, Dee Wallace, Heidi Mark, Daniel Hugh Kelly, Art Hindle, Karen Robinson and Michael Caloz. The film premiered on ABC on February 8, 1998.

Daniel Hugh Kelly
Daniel Hugh Kelly (born August 10, 1952) is an American stage, film and television actor. He is best known for his role on the 1980s ABC TV series Hardcastle and McCormick (1983–1986) as the ex-con Mark "Skid" McCormick, co-starring with actor Brian Keith.
Mapaputsi
Sandile Ebby Ngwenya (known professionally as Mapaputsi; 12 February 1976 – 5 September 2024) was a South African kwaito artist. He gained national prominence with his hit single 2001 debut "Izinja", which earned him Best Kwaito Artist and Best Kwaito Song at the 2002 Metro FM Awards, along with Best Music Video at the 2003 South African Music Awards. "Izinja" sold 150,000 copies triple platinum and Mapaputsi continued his success on the radio charts with numerous hit singles, including "My Love", "Kleva", "Manga Manga Business", "Woza Friday" and "Grova Mo".

Kwaito
Kwaito is a music genre that emerged in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa, between the late 1980s and 1990s. It is a sound that features the use of South African sounds and samples. Kwaito songs occur at a slower tempo range than other styles of house music and often contain catchy melodic and percussive loop samples, deep bass lines and vocals. They are also very similar tempos to early 1990s NYC house tracks.
Fort d'Évegnée
50°38′44.9″N 5°42′46.4″E﻿ / ﻿50.645806°N 5.712889°E﻿ / 50.645806; 5.712889

The Fort d'Évegnée (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ dev(ə)ɲe]) is one of twelve forts built around Liège, Belgium, in the late 19th century. The overall Fortified Position of Liège was a constituent part of the country's National Redoubt. Fort d'Évegnée was built between 1881 and 1884 according to the plans of General Henri Alexis Brialmont. Contrasting with the French forts built in the same era by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, the fort was built exclusively of unreinforced concrete, a new material, rather than masonry. The fort was heavily bombarded by German artillery in the Battle of Liège in World War I and again at the opening of World War II. It is now an industrial site, used for the storage and testing of rocket propellant.

Fort de Fléron
50°37′04.1″N 5°41′32.1″E﻿ / ﻿50.617806°N 5.692250°E﻿ / 50.617806; 5.692250

The Fort de Fléron (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ də fleʁɔ̃]) is one of twelve forts built around Liège, Belgium, in the late 19th century. The overall Fortified Position of Liège was a constituent part of the country's National Redoubt. Fort de Fléron was built between 1881 and 1891 according to the plans of General Henri Alexis Brialmont. Contrasting with the French forts built in the same era by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, the fort was built exclusively of unreinforced concrete, a new material, rather than masonry. The fort was heavily bombarded by German artillery in the Battle of Liège. Fléron was upgraded in the 1930s in an attempt to forestall or slow an attack from Germany. Located in the center of Fléron, the fort has been buried and is surrounded by apartments.
The Phrenological Journal
The American Phrenological Journal was a periodical in the United States devoted to the racist pseudoscience of phrenology, a collection of theories correlating skull features to personality and intelligence. The newspaper was founded in 1838 and dissolved in 1911. It was supported by the phrenologist Fowler family, who published it under the auspices of the Fowler & Wells Company. Several prominent historical figures underwent phrenological analyses by the Fowlers and the findings were published in the journal; these include abolitionist Lydia Maria Child and writer Mark Twain.

Lydia Maria Child
Lydia Maria Child (née Francis; February 11, 1802 – October 20, 1880) was an American abolitionist, feminist, Native American rights activist, novelist, journalist, and opponent of American expansionism. Her journals, both fiction and domestic manuals, reached wide audiences from the 1820s through the 1850s. At times she shocked her audience as she tried to take on issues of both male dominance and white supremacy in some of her stories.

Despite these challenges, Child may be most remembered for her poem "Over the River and Through the Wood". Her grandparents' house, which she wrote about visiting, was restored by Tufts University in 1976 and stands near the Mystic River on South Street, in Medford, Massachusetts.