hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ragnarök Festival
Ragnarök Festival is a pagan metal festival held annually in Germany since 2004 founded by Ivo Raab. It started out as a small, one-night festival with only regional bands in the town hall of Hollfeld. In 2005 it was decided to go for a festival featuring mostly Viking and pagan metal with the booking of bands like Månegarm, Menhir, Eisregen and Equilibrium. From 2006 on the festival took place in the significantly bigger town hall of Lichtenfels, Bavaria.

Lichtenfels, Bavaria
Lichtenfels (German pronunciation: [ˈlɪçtn̩ˌfɛls] ⓘ) is a town in the Upper Franconian region of Bavaria, Germany, the administrative seat of Lichtenfels district. It is chiefly known as the German "Basket City".
Komuz
The komuz or qomuz (Kyrgyz: комуз Kyrgyz pronunciation: [qoˈmuz], Turkish: Kopuz, Azerbaijani: Qopuz) is an ancient fretless string instrument used in Central Asian music, related to certain other Turkic string instruments, the Mongolian tovshuur, and the lute.

The instrument can be found in Turkic ethnic groups, from China to Turkey. Forms of this instrument are used in China by the Naxi people and are called Huobusi, Hebisi , and Hunbusi.

It is the best-known national instrument and one of the better-known Kyrgyz national symbols.  The komuz is generally made from a single piece of wood (usually apricot or juniper) and has three strings traditionally made out of gut, and often from fishing line in modern times.

In the most common tunings the middle string is the highest in pitch.

Virtuosos frequently play the komuz in a variety of different positions: over the shoulder, between the knees and upside down.

An illustration of a komuz is featured on the reverse of the one-som note.

Fret
A fret is any of the thin strips of material, usually metal wire, inserted laterally at specific positions along the neck or fretboard of a stringed instrument. Frets usually extend across the full width of the neck. On some historical instruments and non-European instruments, frets are made of pieces of string tied around the neck.

Frets divide the neck into fixed segments at intervals related to a musical framework. On instruments such as guitars, each fret represents one semitone in the standard western system, in which one octave is divided into twelve semitones.

Fret is often used as a verb, meaning simply "to press down the string behind a fret". Fretting often refers to the frets and/or their system of placement.
Interstate 15 Business (Great Falls, Montana)
Interstate 15 Business (I-15 Bus.) is a business loop of Interstate 15 (I-15) in Cascade County, Montana, United States, almost entirely within Great Falls. The route links I-15 (which bypasses downtown Great Falls to the west) with the center of Great Falls. As its business loop designation implies, I-15 Bus. terminates at I-15 (running concurrently with US Highway 89, or US 89, and Montana Highway 200, or MT 200, through western Great Falls) at each end. The southernmost 0.83 miles (1.34 km) of the route from the interchange with I-15 to Fox Farm Road is designated, but not signed, as Interstate 315 (I-315). I-315 is the second shortest Interstate in the country; only the unsigned I-878 in New York is shorter; it is also the northernmost auxiliary Interstate of I-15.

Cascade County, Montana
Cascade County (cascade means waterfall in French) is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 84,414, making it the fifth-most populous county in Montana. Its county seat is Great Falls.

Cascade County comprises the Great Falls, MT Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Duddingston Loch
Duddingston Loch is a lake, or freshwater loch, in Edinburgh. It is one of the last two remaining natural lochs within the city, the other being Lochend Loch. It is situated to the south of Holyrood Park and lies southwest of the village of Duddingston.

Loch
Loch (/lɒx/ LOKH) is a word meaning "lake" or "sea inlet" in Scottish and Irish Gaelic, subsequently borrowed into English. In Irish contexts, it often appears in the anglicized form "lough". A small loch is sometimes called a lochan. Lochs which connect to the sea may be called "sea lochs" or "sea loughs".
Government of Gonzalo Capellán
The Capellán Government (Spanish: Gobierno Capellán) is the government of the Spanish autonomous community of La Rioja since 2 July 2023.

It is led by the new conservative President of La Rioja Gonzalo Capellán, whose People's Party won an absolute majority in the 2023 Riojan regional election. It succeeded the minority coalition government of socialist Concha Andreu.

2023 Riojan regional election
The 2023 Riojan regional election was held on Sunday, 28 May 2023, to elect the 11th Parliament of the autonomous community of La Rioja. All 33 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in eleven other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.

The election saw the People's Party (PP) winning an absolute majority of seats which, under Gonzalo Capellán, ousted the incumbent coalition government of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and Unidas Podemos led by Concha Andreu. The election also saw the entry into parliament of far-right Vox, which secured more votes than required to reach the election threshold of five percent, whereas the Riojan Party (PR) failed to secure the threshold for the third time in a row.
Flag of Malaysia
The national flag of Malaysia, also known as the Stripe of Glory (Jalur Gemilang, also "Stripe of Excellence"), is composed of a field of 14 alternating red and white stripes along the fly, and a blue canton bearing a crescent and a 14-point star known as the Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Star).

The 14 stripes, of equal width, represent the equal status in the federation of the 13 member states and the federal territories, while the 14 points of the star represent the unity among these entities. The crescent represents Islam, the country's state religion; the blue canton symbolises the unity of the Malaysian people; the yellow of the star and crescent is the royal colour of the Malay rulers; the red stripes represent bravery; and the white stripes represent purity. The red, white and blue also symbolises Malaysia's inclusion within the Commonwealth. The flag is in the stars and stripes family of flags.

Islam in Malaysia
Islam in Malaysia is represented by the Shafi‘i school of Sunni jurisprudence. Islam was introduced to Malaysia by traders arriving from Persia, Arabia, China and the Indian subcontinent. It became firmly established in the 15th century. In the Constitution of Malaysia, Islam is granted the status of "religion of the Federation" to symbolize its importance to Malaysian society, while defining Malaysia constitutionally as a secular state. Therefore, other religions can be practiced legally, though freedom of religion is still limited in Malaysia.

Malaysia is a country whose most professed religion is Islam. As of 2024, there were approximately 22.4 million Muslim adherents, or 65% of the population.

Various Islamic holidays such as Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Mawlid have been declared national holidays alongside Christmas, Chinese New Year, and Deepavali.
2014 Open de Suède Vårgårda
The 2014 Open de Suède Vårgårda was the ninth edition of the Open de Suède Vårgårda women's road race. It was held on 24 August 2014 over a distance of 132 kilometres (82.0 miles) and was the eighth race of the 2014 UCI Women's Road World Cup season.

2014 UCI Women's Road World Cup
The 2014 UCI Women's Road World Cup is the 17th edition of the UCI Women's Road World Cup and part of the 2014 UCI women's calendar. One race was added compared to the 2013 edition: the German Giro Bochum. This race was already on the women's calendar since 2001 as 1.1 category race.
Skitliv
Skitliv (Norwegian and Swedish for "shit life") is a Norwegian black-doom metal band founded in 2005 by former Mayhem vocalist Maniac and Shining vocalist Niklas Kvarforth. Maniac describes the project as "firmly rooted in black metal" but much darker and more brooding than anything he has done before.

Sven Erik Kristiansen
Sven Erik Kristiansen (born 4 February 1969) is a Norwegian musician, best known as the former vocalist in the black metal band Mayhem under the stage name Maniac.

Loudwire called Kristiansen "an incarnation of authenticity."
Lewis Lyne
Major-General Lewis Owen Lyne, CB, DSO (21 August 1899 – 4 November 1970) was a British Army officer who served before and during the Second World War, rising from the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1939 to major-general in early 1944. His active service began in mid-1943 when in command of the 169th Brigade in action in North Africa and Italy from 1943 to 1944, followed by the 59th Division during the Battle of Normandy in mid-1944, finally commanding the 7th Armoured Division during the final stages of the Northwestern Europe Campaign until Victory in Europe Day in May 1945. He retired from the army in 1949.

Tunisian campaign
The Tunisian campaign (also known as the Battle of Tunisia) was a series of battles that took place in Tunisia during the North African campaign of the Second World War, between Axis and Allied forces from 17 November 1942 to 13 May 1943. The Allies consisted of British Imperial Forces, including a Greek contingent, with American and French corps. Despite initial successes by the German and Italian forces brought from the mainland and which had withdrawn into and occupied Tunisia after their defeat in the Western Desert and the success of Operation Torch, massive supply interdiction efforts and Allied assaults from east and west led to the decisive defeat of the Axis. Over 260,000 German and Italian troops were taken as prisoners of war, including most of the Afrika Korps.
16560 Daitor
16560 Daitor (/ˈdeɪtər/ DAY-tər; provisional designation 1991 VZ5) is a large Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 44 kilometers (27 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 2 November 1991, by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst at the La Silla site of the European Southern Observatory in Chile. The carbonaceous C-type asteroid is one of the largest Jupiter trojans with an unknown rotation period. It was named after the Trojan warrior Daitor from Greek mythology.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
British Columbia Archaeological Impact Assessment
British Columbia Archaeological Assessment Process:
British Columbia has set forth a directive process in order to regulate the development of land by private and government identities in accordance with the Heritage Conservation Act. Archaeological sites in British Columbia include famous aboriginal archaeological sites such as Yuquot, Charlie Lake Cave, SG̱ang Gwaay [Ninstints], and 
Kwäday Dän Ts'ìnchi, an archaeological site containing a frozen person in British Columbia's Tatshenshini-Alsek Park. In British Columbia, archaeological site and heritage protection follow both the Heritage Conservation Act and the federal Environmental Assessment Act, which can influence development projects including provincial government infrastructure. This process has not been put into place to discourage development, but has been put into place to regulate historic cultural sites in order to retain historic areas, sites, ecofacts, and artefacts.

Kwäday Dän Tsʼìnchi
Kwäday Dän Tsʼìnchi (Southern Tutchone pronunciation: [kʷʰətaj tən t͡sʼìnt͡ʃʰi]), also known as the Canadian Ice Man, is a naturally mummified body discovered in 1999 by a group of hunters in Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Kwäday Dän Tsʼìnchi means "Long Ago Person Found" in Southern Tutchone. Radiocarbon dating of artifacts recovered with the remains indicates that the individual lived between 300 and 550 years ago.

DNA testing of more than 240 volunteers from the local Champagne and Aishihik First Nations identified 17 people who are maternally related to the ice man.
Cannon Fodder
Cannon Fodder is a series of war (and later science fiction) themed action games developed by Sensible Software, initially released as Cannon Fodder for the Amiga. Only two games in the series were created by Sensible, but were converted to most active systems at the time of release. A sequel, Cannon Fodder 2, was released in 1994 for Amiga and MS-DOS. A third game, Cannon Fodder 3, was made by a Russian developer and released in English in 2012.

Sensible Software
Sensible Software was a British software company founded by Jon Hare and Chris Yates which was active from March 1986 to June 1999. It released seven number-one hit games and won numerous industry awards.

The company used exaggeratedly small sprites as the player characters in many of their games, including Mega Lo Mania, Sensible Soccer, Cannon Fodder and Sensible Golf.
Rauf Mamedov
Rauf Mamedov (Azerbaijani: Rauf Məmmədov; born 26 April 1988) is an Azerbaijani chess grandmaster and a six-time national champion. He competed in the FIDE World Cup in 2007, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2023 and 2025.

Azerbaijani Chess Championship
The Azerbaijani Chess Championship is usually held in Baku, Azerbaijan. It is organised by the Azerbaijan Chess Federation (ACF). The first championship was played in 1934, when Azerbaijan was a part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. Championships were held sporadically in the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic until 1945, when they became contested every year; this has continued today in independent Azerbaijan.
Galium sterneri
Galium sterneri or limestone bedstraw is a plant species of bedstraw in the coffee family. It is native to northern Europe in countries that border the North Sea and Ireland but not further south than northern Germany. It tends to be found in grassy or rocky areas and is often associated with limestone. The species was only scientifically described in 1960.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Theophilus Afelokhai
Joel Theophilus Afelokhai (born 7 April 1988) is a Nigerian professional football goalkeeper for Rivers United of the Nigeria Professional Football League (NPFL). Before playing for Rivers United, Afelokhai played for Kano Pillars and Enyimba.

Nigeria Premier Football League
The Nigeria Premier Football League (NPFL) (formerly the Nigeria Professional Football League) is the highest level of club football in Nigerian football league system. The Nigerian Premier League has suffered like many others, from the financial impact and dwindling fortunes since the late 2000s. It is fed into by the Nigeria National League (NNL). It is organized by the Nigeria Premier Football League (NPFL) Board headed by Gbenga Elegbeleye.
Matthew Kressel
Matthew Kressel is a multiple Nebula, World Fantasy Award, and Eugie Award nominated author and coder. His short stories have been published in Reactor, io9, Lightspeed, Clarkesworld Magazine, Beneath Ceaseless Skies, Interzone, Apex Magazine, and many other magazines and anthologies. His first novel King of Shards was released in 2015.

As a coder, he created the Moksha submissions system, a manuscript submissions system in use by some of the largest speculative fiction publishers today. He is the founder of the speculative fiction magazine Sybil's Garage and the publishing house Senses Five Press. Currently he is a member of the Altered Fluid writing group and the co-host of the Fantastic Fiction at KGB reading series in Manhattan.

Eugie Award
The Eugie Foster Memorial Award for Short Fiction is an annual juried award presented to the author of a piece of short speculative fiction (20,000 words or fewer) published during the previous calendar year. It seeks to recognize fiction that is "irreplacable" and that "will become essential to speculative fiction readers." The award is named in honour of Eugie Foster, a prolific speculative writer and editor. It was first presented in 2016 at the awards banquet at Dragon Con, and has continued to be presented at the same venue in years since.
George B. Moffat Jr.
George B. Moffat Jr. (1927 – June 20, 2024) was an American author, twice world champion glider pilot, and a member of the U.S. Soaring Hall of Fame. He began flying airplanes in 1953, gliders in 1959, entered his first national soaring competition in 1962, and was still an active competition pilot as of 2008. Before competing in sailplanes, he compiled a winning record in International 14 foot Dinghy racing.

Moffat was the first pilot ever to win the Open Class title twice in the World Gliding Championships, has won five U.S. National championships, and was one of only two pilots to have won the U.S. national title in all three glider competition classes (Open, Standard and 15-meter). A holder of the Lilienthal Medal, the highest award in gliding, he has flown competitively in over eight countries.

Glider competition classes
Competition classes in gliding, as in other sports, mainly exist to ensure fairness in competition.  However the classes have not been targeted at fostering technological development as in other sports.  Instead classes have arisen because of:

the popularity of certain types of glider

attempts to contain the cost of access to the sport

the need to establish a stable environment for investment decisions by both manufacturers and competitors.

The FAI Gliding Commission (IGC) is the sporting body overseeing air sports at the international level so that essentially the same classes and class definitions are followed in all countries.
Churchman's
Churchman's (originally W.A. & A.C. Churchman) was a British cigarette manufacturer based in Ipswich, Suffolk. The company was a subsidiary of John Player & Sons of Imperial Tobacco Co. Churchman was notable for producing one million cigarettes a day.

The company also released (like many other tobacco manufacturers at that time) a line of collectible cards about diverse topics, but mainly focused on sports.

John Player & Sons
John Player & Sons, most often known simply as Player's, was a tobacco and cigarette manufacturer based in Nottingham, England. In 1901 the company merged with twelve other companies to become a branch of the Imperial Tobacco Company of Great Britain and Ireland. The company pioneered the advertising with trading (cigarette) cards. As a branch, Player's continued this practice (see below), most notably with a series devoted to the association football in the 1930s.

The brands currently sold, "Players" and "John Player Special" are owned and marketed by Imperial Brands and, especially in markets external to the UK, by British American Tobacco. In the UK, the JPS Players brand is the third-most popular cigarette brand (As of November 2025). Its Gold Leaf rolling tobacco is the fourth most-popular in the UK.
Liah Yoo
Liah Yoo (born June 17, 1989) is a South Korean entrepreneur and YouTuber who founded KraveBeauty, a skincare company based in the United States. She is one of the earliest English-language creators of K-beauty content on YouTube, where her channel has accumulated more than 1.2 million subscribers. KraveBeauty, which she launched in 2017 with $50,000 in personal savings, promotes a minimalist approach to skincare and became a Certified B Corporation in 2024.

B Corporation (certification)
In business, a company that uses the “Certified B Corporation” trademark (also B Corporation  or B Corp) is a for-profit corporation certified for its social impact by B Lab, a private global non-profit organization. To be granted and to maintain certification, a company must receive a minimum score of 80 from an assessment of its social and environmental performance, integrate B Corp commitments to stakeholders into company governing documents, and pay an annual fee based on annual sales. Companies must re-certify every three years to retain B Corporation status.

As of March 2025, there are 9,576 certified B Corporations across 160 industries in 102 countries.
1995 Cardiff Council election
The 1995 Cardiff Council election was the first election to the new unitary County Council of the City and County of Cardiff following the re-organization of local government in Wales. It was held on Thursday 4 May 1995. It was followed by the 1999 elections. On the same day there were elections to  the other 21 local authorities in Wales and community councils in Wales. Labour won a majority of the seats. It was preceded in Cardiff by the 1991 elections to Cardiff City Council and the 1993 elections to South Glamorgan County Council.

Cardiff Council
Cardiff Council, formally the County Council of the City and County of Cardiff (Welsh: Cyngor Sir Dinas a Sir Caerdydd) is the governing body for Cardiff, one of the principal areas of Wales. The principal area and its council were established in 1996 to replace the previous Cardiff City Council which had been a lower-tier authority within South Glamorgan. Cardiff Council consists of 79 councillors, representing 28 electoral wards.

Labour has held a majority of the seats on the council since 2012. The last election was in May 2022 and the next election is due in 2027.
Rhenz Abando
Rhenz Joseph Mamuyac Abando (born March 11, 1998) is a Filipino professional basketball player for the Anyang Jung Kwan Jang Red Boosters of the Korean Basketball League  (KBL).

In the collegiate level, he played for the UST Growling Tigers, reaching the finals of UAAP Season 82 (2019). After UST held a controversial training camp amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, he transferred to the Letran Knights with whom he won the NCAA Season 97 championship (2022); he was also named NCAA Most Valuable Player (MVP) and Rookie of the Year. In June 2022, he decided to forgo his final year of college eligibility and signed with Anyang KGC of the KBL. In his rookie season in South Korea, he won the KBL championship, Slam Dunk Contest, and 3x3 All-Star Game.

Abando represented the Philippines national team in the 2022 FIBA Asia Cup and 2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup.

Anyang Jung Kwan Jang Red Boosters
The Anyang Jung Kwan Jang Red Boosters (Korean: 안양 정관장 레드부스터스) is a professional basketball club in the Korean Basketball League, based at Anyang Gymnasium in the city of Anyang. The club has won four KBL championship titles (2011–12, 2016–17, 2020–21, and 2022–23).