hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mohit Kumar Munshi
Mohit Kumar Munshi, also spelt Mohitkumar Munsi (Bengali: মোহিতকুমার মুন্সী), was a soldier of British Indian Army, aristocrat and author. He was one of the scions of the extended Munshi family of Kadirpara and Chougachi. He served as a non-commissioned officer, holding the rank of Havildar, in the 49th Bengali Regiment during the First World War. Munshi was one of the few aristocrats who belonged to a zamindar family, along with Khwaja Habibullah, the 5th Nawab of Dhaka, and Kumar Adhikram Mazumdar.

Chougachi Estate
Chougachi Estate was a zamindari estate in the Chougachi village under Sreepur, Magura of erstwhile Jessore during British Raj. It came into existence as an offshoot of Kadirpara Estate during Babu Achyut Charan Munshi, a scion of Kadirpara zamindar family.
Jermaine Guice
Jermaine Edward Guice (born September 2, 1972) is an American former professional basketball player. He played high school basketball at Westerville South High School in Westerville, Ohio, and played college basketball with the Butler Bulldogs, staying for four years and leading the team in scoring for two consecutive seasons. After going undrafted in the 1994 NBA draft, he started his professional career in the Continental Basketball Association. After playing in Portugal and Israel as well as in minor leagues in the United States, Guice moved to France where he was a three-time All-Star selection, MVP in 2005 and won the league title in 2006.

Butler Bulldogs men's basketball
The Butler Bulldogs men's basketball team represents Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana. The school's team currently competes in the Big East Conference. They play their home games at Hinkle Fieldhouse.
Fortress church
A fortress church (German: Kirchenburg) is a particular type of church that, in addition to its religious functions, is also used by the local population as a retreat and defensive position, similar to a refuge castle. A fortress church usually implies that the church is enclosed by its own fortifications, such as curtain walls and defensive towers. By comparison, a church with simple defensive features, such as battlements and embrasures on the church itself, is usually just referred to as a fortified church.

Fortified tower
A fortified tower (also defensive tower or castle tower or, in context, just tower) is one of the defensive structures used in fortifications, such as castles, along with defensive walls such as curtain walls. Castle towers can have a variety of different shapes and fulfil different functions.
Rohan Amarasinghe
Anthony Rohan Amarasinghe, RSP, VSV, USP, psc, MNI, SLN was a distinguished Sri Lankan admiral. He served as the Director of Naval Rapid Action Boat Squadron, Director Naval Operations, Commander Southern Naval Area (ComSouth), Director General Personnel and Training, Commander North Central Naval Area (ComNorCen), Commander Western Naval Area (ComWest) and Commander Eastern Naval Area (ComEast). He retired from active service in 2014 upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 55 for Sri Lankan Armed Forces personnel. At the time of his retirement, he was the third most senior executive officer behind Commander of the Navy and the Chief of Staff.

Uththama Seva Padakkama
The Uttama Seva Padakkama (USP, Meritorious Service Medal) (Sinhala: උත්තම සේවා පදක්කම uṭṭama sēvā padakkama) is presented to all ranks of the regular forces of the Sri Lankan military for:

...valuable service and devotion to duty marked by exceptional ability, merit and exemplary conduct provided they count not less than 15 years continuous and uninterrupted service and possess and unblemished record of moral and military conduct...—
Culture of Bahrain
The culture of Bahrain is part of the historical region of Eastern Arabia. Thus, Bahrain's culture is similar to that of its Arab neighbours in the Persian Gulf region. Bahrain is known for its cosmopolitanism, Bahraini citizens are very ethnically diverse. Though the state religion is Islam, the country is tolerant towards other religions: Catholic and Orthodox churches, Hindu temples as well as a (now-defunct) Jewish synagogue are present on the island.

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
2025 Georgian uprising attempt
On 4 October 2025, during the 2024–2026 Georgian political crisis, twenty thousand people held a rally in Tbilisi with the aim of ousting the incumbent Georgian Dream-led government of Georgia in what has been referred to as the Revolution of Flags. The day was coincided with that of the municipal elections in Georgia. Twenty thousand people listened to a declaration by opera singer Paata Burchuladze. Following the declaration, an attempt was made to storm Orbeliani Palace, the presidential residence, and was opposed by security forces with water cannon and tear gas. Security forces shortly after prevented any further attempts at storming the palace.

Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze reacted to the attempted revolution by promosing to be "strict" with those who participated in it and vowing to tackle them with "zero sympathy".

2025 Georgian local elections
The 2025 Georgian local elections were held on 4 October to elect the bodies of local government of Georgia. 9 opposition parties, including two major opposition blocs Coalition for Change and Unity – National Movement, boycotted the election due to their allegations of the 2024 Georgian parliamentary election being rigged and the government thus lacking legitimacy, although 11 other opposition parties, including two other major opposition blocs Strong Georgia and For Georgia, took part in the election.
Jessie Godderz
Jessie Godderz (born April 23, 1986), also known as Mr. PEC-Tacular, is an American actor and professional wrestler. He competes for Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he is a two-time OVW National Heavyweight Champion, one-time OVW Television Champion and a seven-time OVW Southern Tag Team Champion.

He is also known for his time in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he is a former two-time TNA World Tag Team Champion with Robbie E as The BroMans.

Prior to professional wrestling, he appeared as a contestant on two seasons of the CBS reality competition program Big Brother.

OVW National Heavyweight Championship
The OVW National Heavyweight Championship was a professional wrestling heavyweight championship created and promoted by the Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) promotion. There have been a total of seven reigns shared between five different champions. The final title holder was Erik Surge, who was in his first reign.
Daniel Solomon
Daniel Solomon (born 1945) is an abstract painter who uses intense, vibrant colour in his work, combined with complex, pictorial space, inspired by artists such as Jack Bush and is a painter and professor in Drawing and Painting at OCAD University.

Critics such as Roald Nasgaard  suggest that Solomon and David Bolduc formed a bridge between the second and third generations of Toronto modernists or even form part of the third generation of Toronto abstract painters which includes artists such as Alex Cameron and Paul Sloggett.

Jack Bush
Jack Hamilton Bush OC RCA (March 20, 1909 – January 24, 1977) was a Canadian abstract painter. A member of Painters Eleven, his paintings are associated with the Color Field movement and Post-painterly Abstraction. Inspired by Henri Matisse and American abstract expressionist painters such as Helen Frankenthaler and Morris Louis, Bush encapsulated joyful yet emotional feelings in his vibrant paintings, comparing them to jazz music. Clement Greenberg described him as a "supreme colorist", along with Kenneth Noland in 1984. Bush explained that capturing the feeling of a subject rather than its likeness was

a hard step for the art loving public to take, not to have the red look like a side of a barn but to let it be the red for its own sake and how it exists in the environment of that canvas.
Kanker State
Kanker State (Hindi: कांकेर) was one of the princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. Its last ruler, Maharajadhiraj Bhanu Pratap Deo, signed the accession to the Indian Union in 1947.

Kanker State was located north of Bastar State and, except for the valley of the Mahanadi in its eastern part, it consisted mostly of hills covered by forests in which teak (Tectona grandis), sirsā (Dalbergia latifolia), śāl (Shorea robusta) and bījāsāl (Pterocarpus marsupium) predominated. The state had 63,610 inhabitants in 1881 and 103,536 in 1901, more than half of whom were Gonds. Kanker town in Kanker District, Chhattisgarh, was the capital of the state and the see of the Raja's residence. The languages spoken in the state were mainly Chhattisgarhi, Halbi and Gondi.

Mahanadi
The Mahanadi River is a major river in East Central India. It drains an area of around 132,100 square kilometres (51,000 sq mi) and has a total length of 900 kilometres (560 mi). Mahanadi is also known for the Hirakud Dam which was the first major multipurpose river valley project after India's independence in 1947. The river flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha, before finally ending in the Bay of Bengal.
Dieticyclidine
Dieticyclidine (PCDE), or diethylphenylcyclohexylamine, is a psychoactive drug and research chemical of the arylcyclohexylamine chemical class related to phencyclidine (PCP) and eticyclidine (PCE). It acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist but has low potency and acts mainly as a prodrug for eticyclidine.

Eticyclidine
PCE (Eticyclidine, CI-400) is a dissociative anesthetic drug with hallucinogenic effects. It is similar in effects to phencyclidine but is slightly more potent. PCE was developed by Parke-Davis in the 1970s and evaluated for anesthetic potential under the code name CI-400, but research into PCE was not continued after the development of ketamine, a similar drug with more favourable properties. Due to its similarity in effects to PCP, PCE was placed into the Schedule 1 list of illegal drugs in the 1970s, although it was only briefly abused in the 1970s and 1980s and is now little known.
Cabin of Peter the Great (Derbent)
The Cabin of Peter the Great (Russian: Домик (землянка) Петра I) is the place in the city of Derbent in Dagestan, where Tsar Peter the Great spent the night during the Persian Campaign of 1722. Only the foundation of the dugout has survived, over which a cultural and historical complex was built in the 21st century, including a pavilion-colonnade, a monument to the first Russian emperor and a museum building. The museum complex, opened in 2015, is a structural subdivision of the Derbent State Museum-Reserve.

The main exhibit of the museum complex is the remains of the dugout in which Peter the Great stayed during his stay in Derbent.

Emperor of Russia
The emperor and autocrat of all Russia was the official title of the Russian monarch from 1721 to 1917.

The title originated in connection with Russia's victory in the Great Northern War (1700–1721) and appeared as an adaptation of the tsar's title under the accepted system of titling in Europe. The title was transformed from the previous title of tsar and grand prince of all Russia. The old title tsar (or tsaritsa) continued to be popularly used to refer to the emperor (or empress) until the monarchy was abolished in 1917.
Lisa Shannon
Lisa J. Shannon is an American author, human rights activist, and speaker known for her work in the international women's movement, including founding Run for Congo Women, co-founding Sister Somalia with Fartuun Adan Abdisalan, co-founding and being CEO of Every Woman Treaty. She is author of A Thousand Sisters: My Journey Into the Worst Place on Earth to Be a Woman (Seal Press, 2010). Her second book, Mama Koko and the Hundred Gunmen: An Ordinary Family's Extraordinary Tale of Love, Loss, and Survival in Congo (Public Affairs, 2015), follows one family's struggle for survival in the shadow of Joseph Kony's Lord's Resistance Army.

Fartuun Adan
Fartuun Abdisalaan Adan (Somali: Fartuun Aadan, Arabic: فرتون آدن) is a Somali social activist. She is the executive director of the Elman Peace and Human Rights Centre, a Mogadishu based organization that works on peace building and protecting and empowering marginalized groups . She is also the co-founder of Sister Somalia, which is Somali's first rape crisis and support program for survivors of gender-based violence.

Adan’s work has received multiple international honors, including the International Women of Courage Award from the United States Department of State in 2013 , a human rights award from the German government in 2014 , the Gleitsman International Activist Award from Harvard Kennedy School in 2015 , the Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity in 2020 , and the Right Livelihood Award in 2022.
Omotola Jalade Ekeinde
Chief Omotola Jalade Ekeinde Listenⓘ, MFR (/ˌoʊməˈtoʊlə/ OH-mə-TOH-lə; born Omotola Jalade, 7 February 1978) is a Nigerian actress, singer, philanthropist and former model. Since her Nollywood film debut in 1995, Ekeinde has appeared in over 300 films, selling millions of copies. Omotola is the second Nigerian and first Nigerian celebrity to receive over 1 million likes on her Facebook page. She currently has a total of 3 million followers on Facebook.

In 2013, she was included in Time magazine's list of the 100 most influential people in the world. That year, Ekeinde made a brief appearance on VH1's scripted series, Hit the Floor, and she spoke at the 2013 edition of the WISE- Summit, held in Doha, Qatar.

In 2014, she was honoured by the Nigerian government, when she became a Member of the Order of the Federal Republic (MFR) for her contributions to Nigerian cinema.

Order of the Federal Republic
The Member of the Order of the Federal Republic (MFR) is one of two orders of merit, established by the Federal Republic of Nigeria in 1963. It is senior to the Order of the Niger.

The highest honours are the Grand Commander in the Order of the Federal Republic and Grand Commander in the Order of the Niger and they are awarded to the President and vice-president respectively. The Presiding Judge in the Supreme Court and the Chairman of the Senate are former officials Grand Commanders in the Order of the Niger.

The Nigerians have followed the British example in the form and structure of the Order. There are also post-nominal letters for the members of the Order of the Niger.

There is a Civil Division and a Military Division. The ribbon of the latter division has a small red line in the middle.
Open Physics
Open Physics is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering all aspects of physics. It is published by De Gruyter and the editor-in-chief is Sally Seidel (University of New Mexico). Occasionally, the journal publishes special issues on a specific topic.

De Gruyter Brill
Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter Brill (German: [də ˈɡʁɔʏtɐ]), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.

Known as De Gruyter until 2024, it merged its operations with those of the Dutch publisher Brill Publishers, forming De Gruyter Brill.
Nordic combined at the 2010 Winter Olympics
The nordic combined competition of the 2010 Winter Olympics was held at Whistler Olympic Park.  The events were held between 14 and 25 February 2010. Sprint and individual Gundersen events of 7.5 km and 15 km events were replaced by two 10 km individual events with one jump each from the normal and large hills respectively. Team event went from two jumps down for one jump per team member. This was done during the 2008–09 Nordic Combined World Cup season and was also applied to the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 in Liberec, Czech Republic.

2008–09 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup
The 2008/09 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup was the 26th world cup season, a combination of ski jumping and cross-country skiing organized by FIS. It began in Kuusamo on 29 November 2008. Anssi Koivuranta from Finland became overall winner. Hannu Manninen retired before the season began.
Ermita metro station
Ermita is a station on Line 2 and Line 12 of the Mexico City Metro system. According to the Sistema de Transporte Colectivo, Ermita serves as a transfer station of Line 12. It is located in the Benito Juárez borough of Mexico City, directly south of the city centre on Calzada de Tlalpan.

Mixcoac metro station
Mixcoac is a station on Line 7 and Line 12 of the Mexico City Metro. The station serves both lines as a transfer station and as the northwestern terminus of Line 12. In 2019, the station had an average total ridership of 54,963 passengers per day.
Hong Kong cuisine
Hong Kong cuisine is mainly influenced by Cantonese cuisine, European cuisines (especially British cuisine) and non-Cantonese Chinese cuisines (especially Hakka, Teochew, Hokkien and Shanghainese), as well as Japanese, Korean and Southeast Asian cuisines, due to Hong Kong's past as a British colony and a long history of being an international port of commerce. Complex combinations and international gourmet expertise have given Hong Kong the labels of "Gourmet Paradise" and "World's Fair of Food".

Shanghai cuisine
Shanghai cuisine (Chinese: 上海菜; pinyin: Shànghǎi cài; Shanghainese: zaon⁶ he⁵ tshe¹; IPA: [zɑ̃¹¹ he⁴⁴ tsʰᴇ¹¹]), also known as Hu cuisine (simplified Chinese: 沪菜; traditional Chinese: 滬菜; pinyin: Hù cài; Shanghainese: wu⁶ tshe¹; IPA: [ɦu¹¹ tsʰᴇ⁴⁴]), is a popular style of Chinese food. In a narrow sense, Shanghai cuisine refers only to what is traditionally called Benbang cuisine (本帮菜; 本幫菜; Běnbāng cài; pen⁵ paon¹ tshe⁵; 'local cuisine') which originated in Shanghai. In a broader sense, it refers to complex styles of cooking developed under the influence of neighboring Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.

The dishes within the cuisine need to master the three elements of "color, aroma, and taste" (色香味). Like other cuisines within China, Shanghai cuisine emphasizes the use of seasonings, the quality of raw ingredients, and preserving the original flavors of ingredients. The adoption of Western influence in Shanghai cuisine resulted in a unique cooking style known as Haipai cuisine (海派菜).
Babiana nana
Babiana nana is a species of geophyte of 6–15 cm (2.4–5.9 in) high that is assigned to the family Iridaceae. It has leaves that consist of a sheath and a blade that are at an angle with each other. The leaf blades are oval to almost line-shaped and have a left and right surface, rather than an upper and lower surface. The leaf blades are moderately pleated and covered in dense, soft hairs. The inflorescence contains two to six blue to violet or pale pink flowers adorned with white markings on the lower lip, and with three stamens crowding under the upper lip. Flowering occurs from late August to the end of September. The flowers emit a smell reminiscent of roses or violets.

Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy 
(generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores. Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
Vénus et Adonis
Vénus et Adonis is an opera (tragédie en musique) in  a prologue and 5 acts composed by Henri Desmarets to a libretto by Jean-Baptiste Rousseau. Based on the story of Venus and Adonis in Book X of Ovid's Metamorphoses, it was first performed by the Académie Royale de Musique at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris on 28 July 1697 with Marie Le Rochois and Louis Gaulard Dumesny in the title roles. Desmarets staged a major revival of the work with a new prologue at the court of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine in 1707. During the composer's lifetime, it was performed in Germany, Belgium, and France, but then fell into obscurity. Its first staging in modern times took place at the Opéra de Nancy on 28 April 2006.

Venus (mythology)
Venus (/ˈviːnəs/; Classical Latin: [ˈwɛnʊs]) is a Roman goddess whose functions encompass love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory. In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. Julius Caesar claimed her as his ancestor. Venus was central to many religious festivals, and was revered in Roman religion under numerous cult titles.

The Romans adapted the myths and iconography of her Greek counterpart Aphrodite for Roman art and Latin literature. In the later classical tradition of the West, Venus became one of the most widely referenced deities of Greco-Roman mythology as the embodiment of love and sexuality. As such, she is usually depicted nude.
Harley D. Nygren
Rear Admiral Harley Dean Nygren (December 12, 1924 – November 17, 2019) was an American military officer who served in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps, its successor, the Environmental Science Services Administration Corps (ESSA Corps), and the ESSA Corps's successor, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps). He served as the first Director of the NOAA Corps.

During his career, Nygren served on numerous geodetic field parties and aboard survey ships of the Coast and Geodetic Survey fleet, seeing service as far north as the Arctic and as far south as Antarctica. He also participated in many of the negotiations that resulted in the creation of the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA) and its successor, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Survey vessel
A survey vessel is any type of ship or boat that is used for underwater surveys, usually to collect data for mapping or planning underwater construction or mineral extraction. It is a type of research vessel, and may be designed for the purpose, modified for the purpose or temporarily put into the service as a vessel of opportunity, and may be crewed, remotely operated, or autonomous. The size and equipment vary to suit the task and availability.
Enrichetta Alfieri
Enrichetta Alfieri (23 February 1891 – 23 November 1951), born Maria Angela Domenica Alfieri, was an Italian Roman Catholic religious sister and a member of the Sisters of Divine Charity.

Alfieri was called also "the mother of San Vittore" and "the angel of San Vittore" due to her extensive work in the San Vittore prison in Milan. She worked there during World War II when the Nazis arrested her on the charge of espionage. The intervention of the Cardinal Archbishop of Milan Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster secured her release.

Pope Benedict XVI approved her beatification and delegated Cardinal Angelo Amato to preside over the beatification celebration at Milan Cathedral on 26 June 2011.

San Vittore Prison
San Vittore is a prison located in the city center of Milan, Italy.
Its construction started in 1872 and was opened on 7 July 1879. 
The prison has place for 600 inmates, but it had 1036 prisoners in 2017.
Shamim Firdous
Shamima Firdous (born 1966) is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir. She is a three time MLA from Habba Kadal Assembly constituency in Srinagar district. She won the 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election representing the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Party. She won for the third time in the 2024 Assembly election.

Habba Kadal Assembly constituency
Habba Kadal Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir, a northern Union Territory of India. Habba Kadal is also part of Srinagar Lok Sabha constituency.