hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The A.V. Club
The A.V. Club is an online newspaper and entertainment website featuring reviews, interviews, and other articles that examine films, music, television, books, games, and other elements of pop-culture media. The A.V. Club was created in 1993 as a supplement to its satirical parent publication, The Onion. While it was a part of The Onion's 1996 website launch, The A.V. Club had minimal presence on the website at that point.

A 2005 website redesign placed The A.V. Club in a more prominent position, allowing its online identity to grow. Unlike The Onion, The A.V. Club is not satirical. The publication's name is a reference to audiovisual (AV) clubs typical of American high schools.

Audiovisual
Audiovisual (AV) is electronic media possessing both a sound and a visual component, such as slide-tape presentations, films, television programs, corporate conferencing, church services, and live theater productions.

Audiovisual service providers frequently offer web streaming, video conferencing, and live broadcast services. The professional audio visual industry has companies that provide hardware, software and services.  These organizations are commonly referred to as systems integrators and perform both the installation and integration of different types of AV equipment from multiple manufacturers into spaces to create the AV experience for the user or audience.

Computer-based audiovisual equipment is often used in education, with many schools and universities installing projection equipment and using interactive whiteboard technology.
Queen of Mystery 2
Queen of Mystery 2 (Korean: 추리의 여왕 2; RR: Churiui yeowang 2) is a South Korean television series starring Choi Kang-hee and Kwon Sang-woo. It aired on KBS2 from February 28 to April 19, 2018 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 22:00 (KST) for 16 episodes.

Queen of Mystery
Queen of Mystery (Korean: 추리의 여왕) is a South Korean television series starring Choi Kang-hee, Kwon Sang-woo, Lee Won-keun and Shin Hyun-been. It aired on KBS2 from April 5 to May 25, 2017, on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 22:00 (KST) for 16 episodes.
Ruth Underhill
Ruth Murray Underhill (August 22, 1883 – August 15, 1984) was an American anthropologist. She was born in Ossining-on-the-Hudson, New York, and attended Vassar College, graduating in 1905 with a degree in Language and Literature. In 1907, she graduated from the London School of Economics and began travelling throughout Europe. During World War I, she worked for an Italian orphanage run by the Red Cross.

After the war, she married Charles C. Crawford and published her first book The White Moth. Her marriage ended in 1929, and by 1930, she decided to go back to school to learn more about human behavior. After speaking with Franz Boas and Ruth Benedict in the Anthropology Department at Columbia University, she decided to pursue the field, graduating with a doctorate in 1937. She wrote numerous books on Native American tribes and helped to dispel many myths about their cultures.

Ossining, New York
Ossining (/ˈɒsɪnɪŋ/ OSS-in-ing) is a town located along the Hudson River in Westchester County, New York. The population was 40,061 at the time of the 2020 census. It contains two villages, the Village of Ossining and part of Briarcliff Manor, the rest of which is located in the Town of Mount Pleasant. Ossining is the location of Sing Sing maximum-security prison.
Gibasis
Gibasis is a genus of flowering plants within the Commelinaceae family, first described in 1837. It is native to the Western Hemisphere from Texas and the West Indies south to Argentina, with most of the species native to Mexico.

It is closely related to the genus Tradescantia and some of the species used to be classified as tradescantias in the past, for instance Gibasis geniculata as Tradescantia geniculata.

Gibasis geniculata
Gibasis geniculata is a trailing plant in the family Commelinaceae, native to Mexico and tropical America.

The cultivated plant commonly known as Tahitian bridal veil is often mis-labelled as Gibasis geniculata, however its true species is Gibasis pellucida.
Air Efficiency Award
The Air Efficiency Award, post-nominal letters AE for officers, was instituted in 1942. It could be awarded after ten years of meritorious service to officers, airmen and airwomen in the Auxiliary and Volunteer Air Forces of the United Kingdom and the Territorial Air Forces and Air Force Reserves of the Dominions, the Indian Empire, Burma, the Colonies and Protectorates.

The award of the decoration was discontinued in the United Kingdom on 1 April 1999, when it was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal. The decoration is still being awarded in New Zealand, but between 1951 and 1975 it was superseded by local awards in other Dominions.

In Canada, the Air Efficiency Award was superseded by the Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951.

In South Africa, it was superseded by the John Chard Medal in 1952.

In Australia, it was superseded by the National Medal in 1975.

National Medal (Australia)
The National Medal is an Australian award given for long service by operational members of specified eligible organisations.  It was introduced in 1975, as an original component of the new Australian honours system, and replaced a range of medals available to military and civilian uniformed services for long service and good conduct. The eligible groups have in common that their members serve or protect the community at the risk of death, injury or trauma, hence it is only available to members of the eligible organisations who are operationally deployed.  In the case of corrective services, eligibility is restricted to officers with custodial duties.
John Mills Himself Building
John Mills Himself Building is a heritage-listed warehouse at 40 Charlotte Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1919. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

St Luke's Church of England, Brisbane
St Luke's Church of England, Brisbane is a heritage-listed former church and now restaurant at 18 Charlotte Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by John Smith Murdoch and built in by John Steward & Co. It is also known as Pancake Manor. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.
DY Persei
DY Persei is a variable star and carbon star in the Perseus constellation. At maximum it is 11th magnitude  and at its faintest it drops to 16th magnitude. DY Persei is the prototype of the very rare DY Persei class of variables that pulsate like red variables but also fade from sight like R Coronae Borealis variables.

Carbon star
A carbon star (C-type star) is typically an asymptotic giant branch star, a luminous red giant, whose atmosphere contains more carbon than oxygen. The two elements combine in the upper layers of the star, forming carbon monoxide, which consumes most of the oxygen in the atmosphere, leaving carbon atoms free to form other carbon compounds, giving the star a "sooty" atmosphere and a strikingly ruby red appearance. There are also some dwarf and supergiant carbon stars, with the more common giant stars sometimes being called classical carbon stars to distinguish them.

In most stars (such as the Sun), the atmosphere is richer in oxygen than carbon. Ordinary stars not exhibiting the characteristics of carbon stars but cool enough to form carbon monoxide are therefore called oxygen-rich stars.

Carbon stars have quite distinctive spectral characteristics, and they were first recognized by their spectra by Angelo Secchi in the 1860s, a pioneering time in astronomical spectroscopy.
Statue of general Józef Sowiński
The statue of general Józef Sowiński (Polish: Pomnik gen. Józefa Sowińskiego) is a monument in Warsaw, Poland, located in the Sowiński Park within the district of Wola. It is dedicated to Józef Sowiński, a 19th-century officer who was a general of the Polish insurgent army during the November Uprising. It was made by Tadeusz Breyer and unveiled in 1937.

Wola
Wola (Polish pronunciation: [ˈvɔla] ⓘ) is a district in western Warsaw, Poland. An industrial area with traditions reaching back to the early 19th century, it underwent a transformation into a major financial district, featuring various landmarks and some of the tallest office buildings in the city.
213th Motor Rifle Division
The 213th Motor Rifle Division was a motorized infantry division of the Soviet Army. The division was based in Totskoye and existed from 1968 to 1991. In 1991, the division merged with the 27th Guards Motor Rifle Division.

27th Guards Motor Rifle Division
The 27th Guards Omsk-Novobug Red Banner Order of Bogdan Khmelnitskiy Motor Rifle Division (Russian: 27-я гвардейская мотострелковая Омско-Новобугская Краснознамённая ордена Богдана Хмельницкого дивизия; Military Unit Number 35100) is a Guards mechanised infantry division of the Russian Ground Forces. It was a Red Army rifle division in World War II which later became a Soviet Ground Forces motor rifle division. In 2009, it was reformed into the 21st Guards Motor Rifle Brigade. In the spring of 2024, the 27th Guards Motor Rifle Division was revived.
2024 FIA European Rallycross Championship
The 2024 FIA European Rallycross Championship was the 49th season of the FIA European Rallycross Championship. The championship consisted of three classes: RX1, RX2e and RX3.

The championship began on 6 July at the Höljesbanan in Sweden, and ended on 8 September at Pista Automóvel de Montalegre in Portugal. Patrick O'Donovan won his first RX1 title. Nils Andersson won his second consecutive RX2e title. Nils Volland won his first RX3 title.

Höljesbanan
Höljesbanan, also known as Höljes Motorstadion, is a 1.210 km (0.752 mi) rallycross circuit situated in the village of Höljes, in the Finnskogen ('Finnwoods') of the Swedish county Värmland, beside the river Klarälven and close to the Norwegian border. The circuit opened in February 1976 and is one of the most famous rallycross circuits in the world. Traditionally held over the first weekend of July the venue plays host to the so-called 'Magic Weekend' of rallycross when it runs the Swedish round of the European and World Rallycross championships.
Ed Bullins
Edward Artie Bullins (July 2, 1935 – November 13, 2021), sometimes publishing as Kingsley B. Bass Jr, was an American playwright. He won awards including the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award and several Obie Awards. Bullins was associated with the Black Arts Movement and the Black Panther Party, for which he was the minister of culture in the 1960s.

New York Drama Critics' Circle
The New York Drama Critics' Circle is made up of 23 drama critics from daily newspapers, magazines and wire services based in the New York City metropolitan area. The organization is best known for its annual awards for excellence in theater.

The organization was founded in 1935 at the Algonquin Hotel by a group that included Brooks Atkinson, Walter Winchell, and Robert Benchley. Adam Feldman of Time Out New York has been President of the organization since 2005; Zachary Stewart of TheaterMania is currently Vice President, and Helen Shaw of The New Yorker serves as Treasurer.
Gordon S. Heddell
Gordon S. Heddell (born August 13, 1943, in St Louis) is a former Inspector General (IG) of the United States Department of Defense. Previously, Heddell also served as Inspector General for the Department of Labor.

Department of Defense Office of Inspector General
The Department of Defense Office of Inspector General (DoD OIG) is an independent, objective agency that provides oversight related to the programs and operations of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). DoD IG was created in 1982 as an amendment to the Inspector General Act of 1978.
Hylaeosaurus
Hylaeosaurus (/haɪˌliːoʊˈsɔːrəs/ hy-LEE-o-SOR-əs) is a herbivorous ankylosaurian dinosaur that lived about 136 million years ago, in the late Valanginian stage of the early Cretaceous period of England. It was found in the Grinstead Clay.

Hylaeosaurus was one of the first dinosaurs to be discovered, in 1832 by Gideon Mantell. In 1842 it was one of the three dinosaurs Richard Owen based the Dinosauria on, the others being Iguanodon and Megalosaurus. Four species were named in the genus, but only the type species Hylaeosaurus armatus is today considered valid. Only limited remains have been found of Hylaeosaurus and much of its anatomy is unknown. It might have been a basal nodosaurid, although a recent cladistic analysis recovers it as a basal ankylosaurid.

Hylaeosaurus was about five metres long. It was an armoured dinosaur that carried at least three long spines on its shoulder.

Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation
The Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation is a geological unit which forms part of the Wealden Group and the uppermost and youngest part of the unofficial Hastings Beds. These geological units make up the core of the geology of the Weald in the English counties of West Sussex, East Sussex and Kent.

The other component formations of the Hastings Beds are the underlying Wadhurst Clay Formation and the Ashdown Formation. The Hastings Beds in turn form part of the Wealden Group which underlies much of southeast England. The sediments of the Weald, including the Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation, were deposited during the Early Cretaceous Period, which lasted for approximately 40 million years from 140 to 100 million years ago. The Tunbridge Wells Sands are of Late Valanginian age. The Formation takes its name from the spa town of Tunbridge Wells in Kent.
Santa Clara station (VTA)
Santa Clara station is a light rail station operated by Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) located in the Historic District of Downtown San Jose, California on 1st and 2nd Streets just south of Santa Clara Street. The northbound platform is on 1st Street; the southbound platform is on 2nd Street. The platforms are connected via a pedestrian paseo called Fountain Alley. This station is served by the Blue and Green lines of the VTA light rail system.

Santa Clara station is a major transit transfer point in the VTA system. Downtown San José station, a proposed underground Bay Area Rapid Transit station, is planned to be co-located with the existing VTA station.

Bay Area Rapid Transit
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is a rapid transit system serving the San Francisco Bay Area in California. BART serves 50 stations along six routes and 131 miles (211 kilometers) of track, including eBART, a 9-mile (14 km) spur line running to Antioch, and Oakland Airport Connector, a 3-mile (4.8 km) automated guideway transit line serving Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport. With an average of 186,000 weekday passenger trips as of the fourth quarter of 2025 and 55,483,900 annual passenger trips in 2025, BART is the seventh-busiest rapid transit system in the United States.

BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District which formed in 1957. The initial system opened in stages from 1972 to 1974. The system has been extended several times, most recently in 2020, when Milpitas and Berryessa/North San José stations opened as part of the under construction Silicon Valley BART extension in partnership with the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA).
Lovely (2012 film)
Lovely is a 2012 Telugu-language romantic comedy film written and directed by B. Jaya. Produced by B. A. Raju and R. R. Venkat, the film stars Aadi and Shanvi Srivastava in her acting debut. The music was composed by Anup Rubens. Along with directing, B. Jaya also handled the editing. The film was released on 30 March 2012 and was a commercial success. It was later dubbed into Hindi as Vijay Meri Hai.

Anup Rubens
Anup Rubens, born Enoch Rubens, is an Indian music composer and singer who predominantly works in Telugu cinema. He has received  a Filmfare Award, a Nandhi Award,  GAMA Awards and a SIIMA Award.

Rubens popular works include Gowtam SSC (2005), Prema Kavali (2011), Ishq (2012), Sukumarudu (2013), Gunde Jaari Gallanthayyinde (2013), Manam (2014), Gopala Gopala (2015), Temper (2015), Soggade Chinni Nayana (2016), Katamarayudu (2017), Nene Raju Nene Mantri (2017), Paisa Vasool (2017), 30 Rojullo Preminchadam Ela (2021), Drushyam 2 (2021) and Bangarraju (2022).
Shiniqwa Lamprecht
Shiniqwa Lamprecht (born 24 April 2003) is a South African rugby sevens player.

Lamprecht was a member of the South African women's sevens team that competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. She was initially listed as a traveling reserve but played in the match for eleventh place against Fiji.

South Africa women's national rugby sevens team
The South Africa women's national rugby sevens team competes at events within the World Rugby Women's Sevens Series and are a core team for the 2023–24 season. They first played in the 2009 Rugby World Cup Sevens, and also competed in the IRB Women's Sevens Challenge Cup in the 2011–12 season.

South Africa qualified for the 2016 Rio Olympics after winning the 2015 Women's Africa Cup Sevens, but did not enter the tournament because the South African Olympic Committee (SASCOC) rules states that teams cannot qualify by winning continental titles. As in 2016, South Africa missed Tokyo 2020 for the same reason. South Africa will finally make their Olympic debut in Paris 2024.
Winona State Warriors football
The Winona State Warriors football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Winona State University located in Winona, Minnesota. Winona State competes at the NCAA Division II level and is a member of the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference (NSIC). The Warriors play their home games at Maxwell Field at Warrior Stadium. The Warriors are currently coached by Brian Curtin.

Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference
The Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference (NSIC) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level, which operates in the Upper Midwest of the United States. Nine of its members are in Minnesota, with three members in South Dakota, three members in North Dakota, and one member in Nebraska. It was founded in 1932. With the recent NSIC expansion, the original six member schools have been reunited.

The conference sponsors 18 sports; ten for women and eight for men. Both men and women compete in basketball, cross country, golf, and indoor and outdoor track and field. Men compete in baseball, football, and wrestling. Women compete in soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, and volleyball. The NSIC is the only Division II conference that sponsors soccer for women but not men (two other D-II conferences do not sponsor soccer for either sex).
John Mogg (British Army officer)
General Sir Herbert John Mogg, GCB, CBE, DSO & Bar (17 February 1913 – 28 October 2001) was a senior British Army officer who also held the NATO position of Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe (DSACEUR) and was "in his time, probably the British army's most popular general".

Supreme Allied Commander Europe
The Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) is the commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) Allied Command Operations (ACO) and head of ACO's headquarters, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE). The commander is based at SHAPE in Casteau, Belgium. In effect, SACEUR is the second-highest military position within NATO, below only the Chair of the NATO Military Committee in terms of precedence. There is another Supreme Allied Commander in NATO, Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT), titularly equal, but whose duties are less operational. SACT, in Norfolk, Virginia, has responsibility for capability development rather than operations.

SACEUR has always been held by a U.S. military officer, and the position is dual-hatted with that of Commander of United States European Command.

The current SACEUR is General Alexus G. Grynkewich of the US Air Force.
Battle of Karanovac (1815)
The Battle of Karanovac[a] was a series of skirmishes between the Ottoman mutesellim (mayor) of Čačak, Latif Agha, with support from the Sanjak of Novi Pazar, against the Serbian rebel army led by Miloš Obrenović in the area of Karanovac (now Kraljevo). Encircled, the Ottoman troops and local Muslims handed over the town to the Serbian rebels after the rebel takeover of Čačak and Požarevac.

Serbian Army (revolutionary)
The Serbian Army[a] was the military force of Revolutionary Serbia, active during the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13) fighting against the Ottoman Empire.  Established at first as a peasant army against the oppressive Dahije who had wrested the Pashalik of Belgrade from the Sultan, it became a resistance movement to the Ottomans which managed to create an independent state, restoring Serbian statehood in the Central Balkans after centuries of Ottoman rule. Distinguished community leaders, the Serbian Free Corps veterans and hajduks mustered a militia which transformed into an army with decisive victories and relations with Austria and Russia.
Circle group
In mathematics, the circle group, denoted by  or ⁠⁠, is the multiplicative group of all complex numbers with absolute value 1, that is, the unit circle in the complex plane or simply the unit complex numbers

The circle group forms a subgroup of ⁠⁠, the multiplicative group of all nonzero complex numbers. Since  is abelian, it follows that  is as well.

A unit complex number in the circle group represents a rotation of the complex plane about the origin and can be parametrized by the angle measure ⁠⁠:

This is the exponential map for the circle group.

The circle group plays a central role in Pontryagin duality and in the theory of Lie groups.

The notation  for the circle group stems from the fact that, with the standard topology (see below), the circle group is a 1-torus. More generally,  (the direct product of  with itself  times) is geometrically an -torus.

The circle group is isomorphic to the special orthogonal group ⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠.

Absolute value
In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number , denoted , is the (non-negative) magnitude of  measured without regard to its sign. Namely,  if  is a positive number, and  if  is negative (in which case negating  makes  positive), and . For example, the absolute value of 3 is 3, and the absolute value of −3 is also 3. The absolute value of a number may be thought of as its distance from zero.

Generalisations of the absolute value for real numbers occur in a wide variety of mathematical settings. For example, an absolute value is also defined for the complex numbers, the quaternions, ordered rings, fields and vector spaces. The absolute value is closely related to the notions of magnitude, distance, and norm in various mathematical and physical contexts.