hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eskimology
Unangam (not shown)

Yupik peoples (Yupik, Siberian Yupik)

Inuit peoples (Iñupiat, Inuvialuit, Nunavut, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut, Nunatuĸavut [not shown], Kalaallit)

Eskimology /ˌɛskɪˈmɒlədʒi/ or Inuitology is a complex of humanities and sciences studying the languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and ethnology of the speakers of Eskimo–Aleut languages and Inuit, Yupik and Aleut (or Unangam), sometimes collectively known as Eskimos, in historical and comparative context. This includes ethnic groups from the Chukchi Peninsula on the far eastern tip of Siberia in Russia, through Alaska of the United States, Canada's Inuit Nunangat, including the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, Nunavut, Nunavik and Nunatsiavut, through NunatuKavut (but not the Gulf of St. Lawrence area), to Greenland of Denmark. Originally, an Eskimologist or Inuitologist was primarily a linguist or philologist who researches Eskimo or Inuit languages.

Yupik peoples
The Yupik (/ˈjuːpɪk/; Russian: Юпикские народы) are a group of Indigenous or Aboriginal peoples of western, southwestern, and southcentral Alaska and the Russian Far East. They are closely related to the Inuit and Iñupiat. Yupik peoples include the following:

Alutiiq, or Sugpiaq, of the Alaska Peninsula and coastal and island areas of southcentral Alaska.

Yupʼik or Central Alaskan Yupʼik of the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, the Kuskokwim River, and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay in Alaska.

Siberian Yupik, including Naukan, Chaplino, and—in a linguistic capacity—the Sirenik of the Russian Far East and St. Lawrence Island in western Alaska.
F1 McLaren (sculpture)
F1 McLaren is a bronze sculpture in Monaco, located at Portier Roundabout, within the district of Monte-Carlo. It commemorates the victory of the McLaren race team in the 1998 Monaco Grand Prix of the Formula One Championship, and depicts a McLaren MP4/13 open-wheel race car, that was used by its drivers. The sculpture was designed by Christian Maas, and was unveiled on 4 June 2000.

1998 Monaco Grand Prix
The 1998 Monaco Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monaco on 24 May 1998. It was the sixth race of the 1998 Formula One World Championship.

The 78-lap race was won by Finnish driver Mika Häkkinen, driving a McLaren-Mercedes, his fourth win of the season. Häkkinen recorded a grand chelem, having taken pole position, led every lap of the race and set the fastest lap. Italian Giancarlo Fisichella finished second in a Benetton-Playlife, with Northern Irishman Eddie Irvine third in a Ferrari. This would be the last grand chelem by a McLaren driver until 27 years later, when Oscar Piastri achieved the same feat at the 2025 Dutch Grand Prix.
Jake Wightman
Jake Wightman (born 11 July 1994) is a British middle-distance runner who competes mainly in the 1500 metres. He won the gold medal at the 2022 World Championships, the first global gold in a middle-distance event for a British male since Seb Coe's 1500 m title at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. At the European Athletics Championships, Wightman earned a bronze in 2018 and a silver for the 800 metres in 2022. He won bronze medals at the 2018 and 2022 Commonwealth Games. Sidelined by injury in the two years immediately after his world title, in his comeback year Wightman won the silver medal in the 1500 metres at the 2025 World Athletic Championships.

He holds two Scottish records (800 m and 1000 m) and is a two-time British champion.

2018 European Athletics Championships
The 2018 European Athletics Championships were held in Berlin, Germany, from 6 to 12 August 2018. The championships were part of the first European Championships with other events happening in the United Kingdom.

For the second Championships in a row, the Russian team did not participate; this was due to the suspension of the All-Russia Athletic Federation by the International Association of Athletics Federations. However, several athletes were cleared by the IAAF to compete as Authorised Neutral Athletes under the flag of the European Athletic Association. Mariya Lasitskene became the first such athlete to win a gold medal, in the women's high jump.
Lotus Europa S
The Lotus Europa S (Type 121) is a sports car built by the British company Lotus Cars from 2006 until 2010. It has a rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout and was designed to be a more comfortable variant of the driver-focused Lotus Elise and its derivative, the Exige. The Europa S revived the Europa nameplate previously used in the 1960s and 1970s.

The Europa S features a larger boot (trunk), greater sound-proofing and easier cabin access due to the lower chassis sides and higher roof line. The Europa S includes creature comforts such as air conditioning, a sound system, leather interior and interior carpeting as standard equipment reflecting its grand touring nature.

Grand tourer
A grand tourer (GT) is a type of car that is designed for high speed, long-distance driving with luxury specifications. The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement. Grand tourers are often the coupé derivative of luxury saloons or sedans. Some models, such as the Ferrari 250 GT, Jaguar E-Type, and Aston Martin DB5, are considered classic examples of gran turismo cars.

The term is a near-calque from the Italian language phrase gran turismo, which became popular in the English language in the 1950s, evolving from fast touring cars and streamlined closed sports cars during the 1930s.
Battle of Rheinfelden
The Battle of Rheinfelden (28 February and 3 March 1638) was a military event in the course of the Thirty Years' War, consisting in fact of two battles to the north and south of the present-day town of Rheinfelden. On one side was a French-allied mercenary army led by Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar while the other side consisted of a joint Bavarian and Holy Roman Empire army and led by Johann von Werth and Federico Savelli. Bernhard was beaten in the first battle but managed to defeat and capture Werth and Savelli in the second.

Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Emperor
Imperial Army (Latin: Exercitus Imperatoris, German: Kaiserliche Armee) or Imperial troops (Kaiserliche Truppen or Kaiserliche) was a name used for several centuries, especially to describe soldiers recruited for, and under the command of the Holy Roman Emperor themself, during the early modern period. The Imperial Army of the Emperor should not be confused with the Army of the Holy Roman Empire (Exercitus Imperii (Romani), Reichsarmee, Armée du Saint-Empire), which could only be deployed with the consent of the Imperial Diet. Imperial units effectively became a standing army of troops under the Habsburg Emperors from the House of Austria, which is why they were also increasingly described in the 18th century as "Austrians", although its troops were recruited not just from the Archduchy of Austria but from all over the Holy Roman Empire.
David Kelly (Bahamian sailor)
David Albert Kelly CBE  (March 25, 1932 in Nassau, Bahamas –  March 11, 2009 in New York City, New York) was a Bahamian Olympic sailor in the Dragon class. He competed in the 1968 Olympics together with Godfrey Kelly and Roy Ramsay, and finished 16th, and in the 1972 Olympics together with Christopher McKinney and Godfrey Kelly, finishing 19th. Kelly also competed in the Star class, finishing 5th together with Basil Kelly in the 1955 Star World Championships.

Godfrey Kelly
Sir Godfrey Kelly KCMG (21 December 1928 – 10 February 2022) was a Bahamian sailor, born in the Bahamas, who competed in the 1960, 1964, 1968, and 1972 Summer Olympics.

Kelly was educated at Queen's College, Nassau, and McDonogh College Prep School, Baltimore, before training in law at Cambridge University and Middle Temple, London. He served in the cabinet of Sir Roland Symonette as Minister of Education between 1964 and 1967.

Kelly was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 1999 Birthday Honours and promoted to Knight Commander in the 2020 New Year Honours. He died in Nassau on 10 February 2022, at the age of 93.
Costa Rica (Dreamville, Bas and JID song)
"Costa Rica" is a single released by American record label Dreamville, performed by American rappers Bas and JID, featuring fellow American rappers Guapdad 4000, Reese Laflare, Jace of Two-9, Mez, Smokepurpp, Buddy, and Ski Mask the Slump God. It was released on July 1, 2019, along with "LamboTruck" as the third and fourth single from Dreamville's 2019 compilation album, Revenge of the Dreamers III.

Two-9
Two-9 is an American hip hop collective from the East side of Atlanta, Georgia. The collective currently houses Key!, Curtis Williams, Jace, CeeJ, Cartier Dave (f/k/a Dav E), Lightskin Mac11 and DJ Osh Kosh.  As well as the sub-groups Retro Su$h! (Jace & CeeJ) and FatKidsBrotha (Cartier Dave & Lightskin Mac11).

The group was founded by Williams and Key! in 2009. They are currently signed under Mike Will Made It's label EarDrummers Entertainment.
Badiu people
The Badiu (Cape Verdean Creole: Bádiu) are the largest ethnic group of Cape Verde, with their origins on the island of Santiago. As of 2019, Santiago Island was home to approximately 309,000 inhabitants, representing roughly 55% of the total population of Cape Verde, the vast majority of whom identify with Badiu heritage.

They are descendants of enslaved West Africans brought to the island by the Portuguese during the transatlantic slave trade. The Badiu are particularly known for their preservation of strong African cultural and social traditions, which have profoundly shaped Cape Verdean national identity.

Santiago, Cape Verde
Santiago (Portuguese for “Saint James”) is the largest island of Cape Verde, its most important agricultural centre and home to half the nation's population. Part of the Sotavento Islands, it lies between the islands of Maio (26 km (16 mi) to the east) and Fogo (55 kilometres (34 miles) to the west). It was the first of the islands to be settled: the town of Ribeira Grande (now Cidade Velha and a UNESCO World Heritage Site) was founded in 1462. Santiago is home to the nation's capital city of Praia.
Arnold Nordsieck
Arnold Theodore Nordsieck (January 5, 1911 – January 18, 1971) was an American theoretical physicist. He is best known for his work with Felix Bloch on the infrared problem in quantum electrodynamics. He developed the inertial electrostatic gyroscope (ESG) used as part of the inertial navigation system of nuclear submarines that allows them to remain underwater without having to surface to ascertain their location.

Felix Bloch
Felix Bloch (23 October 1905 – 10 September 1983) was a Swiss-American theoretical physicist who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics with Edward Mills Purcell "for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith".

He was the first Stanford University Nobel laureate.

Bloch made fundamental theoretical contributions to the understanding of ferromagnetism and electron behavior in crystal lattices. He is also considered one of the developers of nuclear magnetic resonance.
Ibrahim Adamu Kolo
Ibrahim Adamu Kolo (29 October 1956 – 3 November 2018) was a Nigerian academic. He lived in Mokwa Local Government Area of Niger State.

He attended UMCA Primary School and St. Johns Anglican primary school. He went to high school in the Government College Bida and earned his advanced degrees from the College of Education in Sokoto, Bayero University, and University of Jos.

Bayero University Kano
The Bayero University KanoListenⓘ  (BUK) is a university situated in Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. It was founded in 1975, when it was renamed from Bayero University College and upgraded from university college to university. It is the first university in Kano State, North-western Nigeria.
GS&WR Class 400
The GS&WR 400 class or CIE class B2/B2a were a class of ten 4-6-0 steam locomotives built for the Great Southern & Western Railway (GS&WR) between 1916 and 1923 for express passenger duties on the Dublin to Cork main line. They proved initially unreliable but rebuilds from four to two cylinders between 1927 and 1937 for the seven survivors produced locomotives yielding satisfactory performance with the last two being withdrawn in 1961.

4-6-0
A 4-6-0 steam locomotive, under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, has four leading wheels on two axles in a leading bogie and six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles with the absence of trailing wheels.

In the mid-19th century, this wheel arrangement became the second-most-popular configuration for new steam locomotives in the United States, where this type is commonly referred to as a Ten-wheeler. As locomotives pulling trains of lightweight all-wood passenger cars from the 1890 to the 1920s, they were exceptionally stable at near 100 mph (160 km/h) speeds on the New York Central's New York-to-Chicago Water Level Route and on the Reading Railroad's line from Camden to Atlantic City, New Jersey.
White Plains (band)
White Plains were a British pop music group that recorded and performed from 1969 to 1976. The spinoff of the one-hit-wonder group The Flower Pot Men, they had an ever-changing line-up of musicians and five UK hit singles, all on the Deram Records label, in the early 1970s.

White Plains’ first hit came in 1970 with “My Baby Loves Lovin'”. Their later successful songs include “I’ve Got You on My Mind”, “Lovin’ You Baby”, “Julie, Do Ya Love Me”, “When You Are a King” and “Step Into a Dream”. After “When You Are A King” peaked at number four in Northern Ireland, the group would not release a chart-worthy song for another two years, until they released “Step Into a Dream”.

White Plains disbanded in 1976, but it reformed on three occasions: for a brief period in 1978, again for a two-year run from 2004 to 2006, and finally for a summer tour in 2013. White Plains is also known as one of the groups Tony Burrows recorded a series of one-hit wonder songs with.

Deram Records
Deram Records was a subsidiary record label of Decca Records established in the United Kingdom in 1966. At the time, U.K. Decca was a different company from the Decca label in the United States, which was owned by MCA Inc. Deram recordings were distributed in the U.S. through UK Decca's American branch known as London Records. Deram was active until 1979, then continued as a reissue label.
California Cycleway
The California Cycleway, opened in 1900, was an approximately 1.3-mile (2.1 km) elevated tollway built specially for bicycle traffic mostly through Pasadena, connecting the Hotel Green in Pasadena with the Raymond Hotel in South Pasadena. The cycleway was intended to connect the cities of Pasadena, South Pasadena, and Los Angeles along the Arroyo Seco in California, United States along a nine-mile (14 km) route; however, it was never fully completed.

Hotel Green
The Hotel Green, also known as Castle Green, was a hotel in Pasadena, California. It was built in 1893 by George Gill Green, and later expanded by him with two additional buildings in 1898 and 1903, creating a complex of three structures. The Hotel Green was the home of the Valley Hunt Club and the Tournament of Roses association.

Hotel Green, designed by Los Angeles-based architect Frederick Roehrig in 1893, was the first of the three buildings. The second building in the complex was originally known as the "Central Annex" and became known as "Castle Green," while the third building is known as the "North Annex." The entire block of annexes is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is a Pasadena Historic Monument.
Khengarji I
Khengarji I (1510–1585) was an Indian ruler belonging to Jadeja clan of Rajputs. He was the ruler of Morbi from 1538–1585 and later became ruler of kutch, assuming title of Rao of kutch, ruling unified kutch from 1548 to 1585.

Morbi
Morbi or Morvi is a city founded as a princely state around 1698 by Jadeja Thakor Saheb Shree Kayoji Ravaji. It is in the Morbi district in the state of Gujarat, India. It is situated on the Kathiawar peninsula. The city is on the Machhu River, 35 km (22 mi) from the sea and 60 km (37 mi) from Rajkot. It is the former capital of Morvi State, which ceased to exist in 1948.

In 2011, the city's population was 194,947.

Morbi is known as the "ceramics capital of India".
Murders of Stanislav Markelov and Anastasia Baburova
On 19 January 2009, two Russian journalists, Anastasia Baburova and Stanislav Markelov, were shot and killed by members of the neo-Nazi organization Battle Organization of Russian Nationalists. Baburova became the fourth Novaya Gazeta journalist to be killed since 2000.

Anastasia Baburova
Anastasia Baburova (Russian: Анастасия Эдуардовна Бабурова, romanized: Anastasia Eduardovna Baburova; Ukrainian: Анастасiя Едуардівна Бабурова, romanized: Anatasiia Eduardivna Baburova; 30 November 1983 – 19 January 2009) was a journalist for Novaya Gazeta and a student of journalism at Moscow State University. She was born in Sevastopol, Ukrainian SSR. A member of Autonomous Action, she investigated the activities of neo-Nazi groups. She was shot and killed together with human rights lawyer Stanislav Markelov.
Gandhigiri
Gandhigiri is a neologism in India which is used to express the tenets of Gandhism (the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi, which include Satyagraha and Ahimsa) in contemporary terms. The term became popular due to its usage in the 2006 Hindi film, Lage Raho Munna Bhai.

Satyagraha
Satyāgraha or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Someone who practises satyagraha is a satyagrahi.

The term satyagraha was coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948) as early as 1919.
Gandhi practised satyagraha as part of the Indian independence movement and also during his earlier struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, as well as Nelson Mandela's struggle against apartheid in South Africa and many other social-justice and similar movements.
Tokyo Bay City Bus
The Tokyo Bay City Koutsu Co., Ltd. (東京ベイシティ交通株式会社, Tokyo Bay City Koutsu Kabushiki gaisya) is a bus company in Urayasu, Chiba Prefecture. The company was established in 1976 by The Oriental Land Company. It is jointly owned by the Keisei Group and the Oriental Land Company. The company headquarters and bus depot is located in Chidori in Urayasu.

Keisei Electric Railway
The Keisei Electric Railway Company, Ltd. (stylized as K'SEI since 2001) is a major private railway in Chiba Prefecture and Tokyo, Japan. The name Keisei is the combination of the kanji 京 from Tokyo (東京) and 成 from Narita (成田), which the railway's main line connects; the combination uses different readings than the ones used in the city names. The railway's main line runs from Tokyo to Narita and the eastern suburb cities of Funabashi, Narashino, Yachiyo, and Sakura. Keisei runs an airport limited express train called the Skyliner from Ueno and Nippori to Narita International Airport.

In addition to its railway business, the Keisei Electric Railway Company owns large bus and taxi services and some real estate holdings. It owns a controlling share of the Oriental Land Company which owns and manages the Tokyo Disney Resort. Keisei is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index.
Moral Midgetry
"Moral Midgetry" is the 33rd episode of the American crime drama The Wire, also the eighth episode of the show's third season. The episode was written by Richard Price from a story by David Simon & Richard Price and was directed by Agnieszka Holland. It premiered on November 14, 2004, on HBO in the U.S. In the episode, the Baltimore police face questions from a church deacon and an ambitious politician about lawlessness and violence emerging in the police's designated drug dealing zone, Stringer Bell struggles to advance in his real estate development goals, and relatives learn the true cause of D'Angelo Barksdale's death in prison.

Nearly 1.5 million viewers watched "Moral Midgetry" on its debut. The Futon Critic named it one of the best TV episodes of 2004, and The Guardian and HitFix praised the storytelling and character development surrounding the revelations about D'Angelo Barksdale.

Stringer Bell
Russell "Stringer" Bell is a fictional character in The Wire, played by Idris Elba. In the criminal world of early 2000s Baltimore, Bell serves as drug kingpin Avon Barksdale's second-in-command and assumes direct control of the Barksdale Organization during Avon's imprisonment. Bell is a terse and brooding leader, who shuns the flamboyance of the likes of Avon for ruthless pragmatism and legitimacy.

He attends macroeconomics classes at Baltimore City Community College and maintains a personal library, including a copy of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations. He attempts to legitimize the Barksdale Organization and insulates himself from direct criminality through money laundering and investments in housing development, aided through his buying of influence from politicians.
Craig Parry (footballer)
Craig Parry (born 11 June 1983) is an Australian Rules footballer who played for Subiaco in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and  Port Adelaide Magpies, South Adelaide and Woodville-West Torrens in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Parry won the SANFL premiership with Woodville-West Torrens in 2011.

South Adelaide Football Club
The South Adelaide Football Club, nicknamed the Panthers, is an Australian rules football club based in the Adelaide suburb of Noarlunga Downs. The club competes in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) with Magain Stadium as its home ground.

The Panthers have won 11 senior men's premierships, their last being in 1964. The club is a dominant force in women's football, having won a record four women's league premierships, including back-to-back triumphs in 2018-2019 and 2024-2025.

South Adelaide Football Club is the owner of South Adelaide Netball Club and South Adelaide Volleyball Club, with all three clubs now under the Panthers brand. The partnership between these clubs is seen as an initiative to establish South Adelaide as the sporting hub for the southern community.
Eish shamsi
Eish shamsi (Egyptian Arabic: عيش شمسي), is a thick sourdough bread eaten in Egypt made with wheat flour. In Upper Egypt it replaces eish baladi as the local staple, although the latter is common as well. The name, which translates to "sun bread", is thought to derive from the practice of letting the dough rise in the sun. The bread is traditionally baked at home in domed clay ovens with openings at the top, although this tradition is fading with pre-made bread becoming increasingly common.

Sourdough
Sourdough is a type of bread that uses fermentation by naturally occurring yeast and lactobacillus bacteria to raise (leaven) the dough. In addition to leavening the bread, the fermentation process produces lactic acid, which gives the bread its distinctive sour taste and improves its keeping qualities.
Brookings, Oregon
Brookings is a city in Curry County, Oregon, United States. It was named after John E. Brookings, president of the Brookings Lumber & Box Company, who founded the city in 1908. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,744.

Brookings Lumber & Box Company
Brookings Lumber & Box Company was founded in 1899.  It purchased the Highland Box & Lumber Company, and expanded the operation.  It was by far the largest timber company in the San Bernardino Mountains of Southern California, producing 10-12 million board feet annually from 1899 to 1912.