hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hubble (climb)
Hubble is a short 10-metre (33 ft) bolted sport climb at the limestone crag of Raven Tor in Millers Dale, in the Peak District in Derbyshire, England.  When Hubble was first redpointed by English climber Ben Moon on 14 June 1990, it became the first-ever climb in the world to have a consensus climbing grade of 8c+ (5.14c); and the highest grade in the English system at E9 7b.

Glossary of climbing terms
Glossary of climbing terms relates to rock climbing (including aid climbing, lead climbing, bouldering, and competition climbing), mountaineering, and to ice climbing.

The terms used can vary between different English-speaking countries; many of the phrases described here are particular to the United States and the United Kingdom.
Madagascar national rugby union team
The Madagascar national rugby union team represents Madagascar in the sport of rugby union. Although rugby is popular in Madagascar, the country has not yet qualified for a Rugby World Cup. It does compete annually in the Africa Cup, and was runner-up to Uganda in 2007. The national team's nickname is the Malagasy name for the ring-tailed lemur.

Madagascar defeated Namibia 57 - 54 in extra-time to win Group 1B final match at the 2012 Africa Cup; they have now jumped up 14 places to their current 42nd rank.

Namibia national rugby union team
The Namibia national rugby union team (nicknamed the Welwitschias) represents Namibia in men's international rugby union competitions. They are a tier-two nation in the World Rugby tier system, and have participated in seven Rugby World Cup competitions since their first appearance in 1999. They are governed by the Namibia Rugby Union.

Namibia has been playing international rugby since the early 1900s. As well as having competed at the World Cup, Namibia competes annually in the Africa Cup. Until independence, players for Namibia were also eligible to represent South Africa, with Namibian-born Springboks including Jan Ellis.
Claire Maxwell (netball)
Claire Maxwell (born 10 August 1988), also known as Claire Brownie, is a Scotland netball international. She captained Scotland at both the 2018 Commonwealth Games and the 2019 Netball World Cup. She also represented Scotland at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and the 2015 Netball World Cup. At club level, she has played for Glasgow Wildcats, Team Bath and Sirens in the Netball Superleague and for Team Northumbria and Loughborough Lightning in the British Fast5 Netball All-Stars Championship.

Scotland national netball team
The Scotland national netball team represents Scotland in international netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, Netball at the Commonwealth Games and the Netball Europe Open Championships. As of 1 September 2025, Scotland are listed 10th on the World Netball Rankings.
Al-Rifai family
The Al-Rifai (El-Rifai, El-Refai, Rifai) family (Arabic: ٱلرِّفَاعِي, romanized: al-Rifāʿī) is a widely attested Arab family and lineage historically connected to the Rifaʽi tariqa, a prominent Sufi order founded by the Iraqi saint Sayyid Ahmad al-Rifaʽi (d. 1183). In medieval and early modern sources the order is associated with the marshlands of Iraq between Wasit and Basra, expanding into Syria and Egypt and developing multiple regional branches.

While many contemporary bearers of the surname al-Rifaʽi trace their origin to the saint's progeny as Sayyids (descendants of the Prophet Muhammad through al-Husayn ibn Ali), modern genealogical scholarship urges caution: claims of uninterrupted descent for dispersed branches often lack documentary chains over several centuries. Despite this claimed Husaynid lineage which is traced back to the Twelver Shia Imam Musa al-Kazim, the al-Rifaʽis are Sunni Muslims.

Ahmad al-Rifaʽi
Aḥmad ibn ʽAlī al-Rifāʽī (Arabic: أَحْمَد ابْن عَلِي ٱلرِّفَاعِي) was a Sunni Muslim preacher, ascetic, mystic, jurist, and theologian, known for being the eponymous founder of the Rifaʽi tariqa (Sufi order) of Islam. The Rifaʽi order had its greatest following until it was overtaken by the Qadiri order. The Rifaʽi order is most commonly found in the Arab Middle East but also in Turkey, the Balkans and South Asia.

His tomb and shrine is located at a mosque bearing his namesake in Al-Rifai, a town at southern Iraq near Baghdad.
USS Charleston (C-2)
The second USS Charleston (C-2) was a United States Navy protected cruiser — the fourth US protected cruiser to be built. Lacking experience in building steel cruisers, the design was purchased from the British company Armstrong, Mitchell and Co. of Newcastle, the construction to be by an American shipyard. In design, she succeeded the "ABC" cruisers Atlanta, Boston, and Chicago with better protection, higher speed, and similar armament.

She was launched on 19 July 1888 by Union Iron Works, San Francisco, California, sponsored by Mrs. A. S. Smith, and commissioned on 26 December 1889, Captain George C. Remey in command.

Armstrong Whitworth
Widely known as Armstrong Whitworth, Sir W.G. Armstrong Whitworth & Co Ltd and several similarly named variants was a major British heavy engineering and manufacturing company that was at its peak in the early years of the 20th century. With headquarters in Elswick, Newcastle upon Tyne, Armstrong Whitworth built armaments, ships, locomotives, automobiles and aircraft.

The company was founded by William Armstrong in 1847, becoming Armstrong Mitchell and then Armstrong Whitworth through mergers. In 1927, it merged with Vickers Limited to form Vickers-Armstrongs, with its automobile and aircraft interests purchased by J D Siddeley.
Markus Weise
Markus Weise (born 19 December 1962 in Mannheim) is a German field hockey coach. Since 6 November 2006, he has been Head Coach of the Germany national field hockey team. Previous to this role, he was the coach of the Germany women's national field hockey team and with a variety of (national) teams of the German National Hockey Federation, including being assistant coach to Bernhard Peters in the Gold medal success of the 2002 Men's Hockey World Cup in Malaysia.

As a club coach in the German Bundesliga (1st Division), he was the head coach for many years with TSV Mannheim.

His greatest success was winning the gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens with the Germany women's national field hockey team, thus becoming the first coach in the history of field hockey to win an olympic gold medal in both the Men's as well as the Women's competition. His German side defeated Spain 1–0 to win the 2008 Olympic Men's Hockey Final.

Field hockey at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Field hockey at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held at the Olympic Hockey Centre located within the Helliniko Olympic Complex. The competitions for both men and women was split into two groups with the top two teams after the preliminary rounds progressing through to the semi-finals.
Parallel programming model
In computing, a parallel programming model is an abstraction of parallel computer architecture, with which it is convenient to express algorithms and their composition in programs. The value of a programming model can be judged on its generality: how well a range of different problems can be expressed for a variety of different architectures, and its performance: how efficiently the compiled programs can execute. The implementation of a parallel programming model can take the form of a library invoked from a programming language, as an extension to an existing languages.

Consensus around a particular programming model is important because it leads to different parallel computers being built with support for the model, thereby facilitating portability of software. In this sense, programming models are referred to as bridging between hardware and software.

Bridging model
In computer science, a bridging model is an abstract model of a computer which provides a conceptual bridge between the physical implementation of the machine and the abstraction available to a programmer of that machine; in other words, it is intended to provide a common level of understanding between hardware and software engineers.

A successful bridging model is one which can be efficiently implemented in reality and efficiently targeted by programmers; in particular, it should be possible for a compiler to produce good code from a typical high-level language. The term was introduced by Leslie Valiant's 1990 paper A Bridging Model for Parallel Computation, which argued that the strength of the von Neumann model was largely responsible for the success of computing as a whole. The paper goes on to develop the bulk synchronous parallel model as an analogous model for parallel computing.
College of Engineering, Thalassery
The College of Engineering, Thalassery (COET) is a public institute of technology located in Kerala, India. It is one of the six engineering colleges under CAPE (Co-operative Academy of Professional Education), established by the Government of Kerala in 2000. Sri E.K Nayanar, the then Honorable Chief Minister of Kerala, laid the foundation stone of the college. The College flourished into an institution is affiliated to the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU) and the Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT). The college is approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE). The mechanical and electrical departments were accredited by National Board of Accreditation in 2018.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram
APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (initially, Kerala Technological University) or KTU is a state public technological university headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

KTU is an All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and University Grants Commission (UGC) approved university that offers undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral degrees in engineering, technology, and management-related streams. Named after the Indian aerospace scientist and statesman A. P. J. Abdul Kalam in 2015, it is both an affiliation and teaching university, with more than 170 affiliated colleges and over 160,000 students enrolled, having jurisdiction over the 14 districts of Kerala.

It is a relatively new and reformed technological university, with its first batch enrolled in the academic year 2015-16.
Athens Airport station
Athens Airport (Greek: Αεροδρόμιο, Aerodromio), also known as Athens International Airport (Διεθνής Αερολιμένας Αθηνών, Diethnis Aerolimenas Athinon) on signage, is a railway station and metro station that serves the international airport of Athens, Greece. It operates on both the Athens Suburban Railway as well as Line 3 of the Athens Metro. It is the first and only train station in Greece that is not managed by GAIAOSE. It is owned by the airport, which charges the train operating companies (Hellenic Train and STASY) fees for its use.

Athens International Airport
Athens International Airport Eleftherios Venizelos (IATA: ATH, ICAO: LGAV), commonly initialised as AIA, is the largest international airport in Greece, serving the city of Athens and region of Attica. It began operation on 28 March 2001 (in time for the 2004 Summer Olympics) and is the main base of Aegean Airlines, as well as other smaller Greek airlines. It replaced the old Ellinikon International Airport.

Athens International Airport is currently a member of Group 1 of Airports Council International (over 25 million passengers). As of 2025, it is the 15th-busiest airport in Europe and the second busiest and second largest in the Balkans, after Istanbul Airport.
Erik Lamela
Erik Manuel Lamela (born 4 March 1992) is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or right winger. He is currently an assistant coach at La Liga club Sevilla.

Lamela began his career at River Plate, and in 2011 transferred to Roma for an initial €12 million. After two Serie A seasons, he joined Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur for a fee of £25.8 million, where he made over 250 appearances across eight seasons and reached the 2019 UEFA Champions League final. After stints at Sevilla, where he won the UEFA Europa League in 2023, and AEK Athens, Lamela retired from professional football in 2025.

A full Argentina international from 2011 to 2018, Lamela was part of the squads which finished as runners-up at the 2015 and 2016 editions of the Copa América.

2015 Copa América
The 2015 Copa América was the 44th edition of the Copa América, the main international football tournament for national teams in South America, and took place in Chile between 11 June and 4 July 2015. The competition was organized by CONMEBOL, South America's football governing body.

Twelve teams competed: the ten members of CONMEBOL and two guests from CONCACAF – Mexico and Jamaica, the latter of which competed in the Copa América for the first time.

Uruguay were the defending champions, but were eliminated by the host nation Chile in the quarter-finals. Chile won their first title, defeating Argentina in the final on penalties after a goalless draw. As winners, they qualified for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup in Russia.
Johann David Köhler
Johann David Köhler (18 January 1684 – 10 March 1755) was a German historian. His academic focuses were on Roman coins as historical artifacts, ancient weapons, and genealogy. Köhler also served as university librarian at Altdorf and contributed to the early library science literature.

Library and information science
Library and information science (LIS) are two academic disciplines that study all aspects of the creation, organization, documentation, management, communication, and use of recorded information. It underlies a variety of professional activities such as information management, librarianship, and archiving and records management, educating professionals for work in those areas, and carrying out research to improve practice.

Library science and information science are two original disciplines; however, they are within the same field of study. Library science is applied information science, as well as a subfield of information science. Due to the strong connection, sometimes the two terms are used synonymously.
Amyema preissii
Amyema preissii, commonly known as wireleaf mistletoe, is a species of mistletoe, an epiphytic, hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae.  It is native to Australia where it has been recorded from all mainland states.  The flowers are red and up to 26 mm long.  The fruits are white or pink, globose and 8–10 mm in diameter.  Its habitat is sclerophyll forest and woodland where it is often found on wattles.  On Victoria's Bellarine Peninsula its hosts include coast wirilda, golden wattle and drooping sheoak.  Its sticky seeds are eaten and dispersed by mistletoebirds.

Mistletoebird
The mistletoebird (Dicaeum hirundinaceum), also known as the mistletoe flowerpecker, is a species of flowerpecker native to most of  Australia (though absent from Tasmania and the driest desert areas) and also to the eastern Maluku Islands of Indonesia in the Arafura Sea between Australia and New Guinea. The mistletoebird eats mainly the berries of the parasitic mistletoe and is a vector for the spread of the mistletoe's seeds through its digestive system.
Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Eastern Melbourne
This is a list of results for the 2024 Victorian local elections in the Eastern Melbourne region.

Eastern Melbourne covers the local government areas (LGAs) of Boroondara, Knox, Manningham, Maroondah, Monash, Whitehorse and Yarra Ranges.

City of Monash
The City of Monash is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Established in 1994, it covers an area of 81.5 square kilometres (31.5 sq mi), and had an estimated population of 209,268 people in 2024. The council's offices are located in the suburb of Glen Waverley.
Matakana Island
Matakana Island is located in the western Bay of Plenty in New Zealand's North Island. A long, flat barrier island, it is 20 kilometres (12 mi) in length but rarely more than 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) wide. The island has been continuously populated for centuries by Māori tribes that are mostly associated with Ngāi Te Rangi. The island is one of the few majority Māori-speaking places in New Zealand, with 56.9% of the population being able to speak Māori as of the 2023 census.

The island has two distinct parts: 5,000 acres (2,023 ha) of farm and orchard land on the inner harbour, (where most of the population lives) and 10,000 acres (4,047 ha) of forest-covered coastal land exposed to the Pacific Ocean. A smaller island, Rangiwaea Island, is located just offshore from Matakana's southern coast.

Ngāi Te Rangi
Ngāi Te Rangi or Ngāiterangi is a Māori iwi, based in Tauranga, New Zealand. Its rohe (tribal area) extends to Mayor Island / Tūhua and Bowentown in the north, to the Kaimai Range in the west, south of Te Puke and to Maketu in the east.

Ngāi Te Rangi is part of the Tauranga Moana iwi group, which also includes Ngāti Pūkenga and Ngāti Ranginui. The three iwi all consider Mauao (Mount Maunganui) sacred and share many things in common with one another. Collectively, the iwi are seeking compensation from the New Zealand Government for their losses from the New Zealand Wars but are yet to seek a settlement.
Durham Radio
Durham Radio, Inc. is an Oshawa, Ontario-based radio broadcaster founded in 1994 by Douglas Kirk. The company owns twelve radio stations and their associated repeaters, which are primarily located in the Golden Horseshoe region of Southern Ontario.

In 2021, Durham Radio received CRTC approval to acquire Vancouver's CIRH-FM, marking its first station outside of Ontario.

On February 8, 2024, as part of its divestment of 45 radio stations, Bell Media Radio announced the sale of three stations to Durham Radio: CKLY-FM in Lindsay, Ontario, and CKPT-FM and CKQM-FM in Peterborough, Ontario. The sale was approved by the CRTC on January 30, 2025.

Lindsay, Ontario
Lindsay is a community of 22,367 people (2021 census) on the Scugog River in the Kawartha Lakes region of south-eastern Ontario, Canada. It is approximately 43 km (27 mi) west of Peterborough. It is located in the City of Kawartha Lakes, and is the hub for business and commerce in the region.
E. A. Markham
Edward Archibald Markham FRSL (1 October 1939 – 23 March 2008), popularly known as Archie Markham, was a Montserratian poet, playwright, novelist and academic. He moved to the United Kingdom in 1956, where he remained for most of his life, writing as well as teaching at various academic institutions. He was known for writing subtle, witty and intelligent poetry, which refused to conform to the conventions, and stereotypes, of British and Caribbean poetry alike.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Troy Cassar-Daley
Troy Cassar-Daley (born 18 May 1969) is an Australian country music songwriter and entertainer of Aboriginal heritage. He released his first single, "Dream Out Loud", in 1994 , followed by his debut album, Beyond the Dancing,  in 1995, and has continued to release music since then, including the platinum-selling The Great Country Songbook (2013) with Adam Harvey. Throughout his career he has received many awards, including ARIA Music Awards, Golden Guitars, Deadly Awards, Country Music Association of Australia Entertainer of the Year awards, and National Indigenous Music Awards.

Country Music Awards of Australia
The Country Music Awards of Australia also known as the Golden Guitar Awards (originally named Australasian Country Music Awards) is an annual awards night held in January during the Tamworth Country Music Festival, in Tamworth, New South Wales, celebrating recording excellence in the Australian country music industry. The awards are hosted at the Tamworth Regional Entertainment Centre (TRECC) on the final Saturday night of the Tamworth Festival. They have been held annually since 1973. The first award ceremony had just six awards. The awards show is presented in front of a live audience made up of the media, the music industry and the public.
Any-source multicast
Any-source multicast (ASM) is the older and more usual form of multicast where multiple senders can be on the same group/channel, as opposed to source-specific multicast where a single particular source is specified.

Any-source multicast allows a host computer to map IPs and then sends IPs to a number of groups via IP address. This method of multicasting allows hosts to transmit to/from groups without any restriction on the location of end-user computers by allowing any receiving host group computer to become a transmission source. Bandwidth usage is nominal allowing Video Conferencing to be used extensively. However, this type of multicast is vulnerable in that it allows for unauthorized traffic and denial-of-service attacks.

Commonly, any-source multicast is used in IGMP version 2; however, it can also be used in PIM-SM, MSDP, and MBGP. ASM utilizes IPv4 in association with the previously stated protocols; in addition, MLDv1 protocol is used for IPv6 addresses.

Internet Group Management Protocol
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communications protocol used by hosts and adjacent routers on IPv4 networks to establish multicast group memberships. IGMP is an integral part of IP multicast and allows the network to direct multicast transmissions only to hosts that have requested them.

IGMP can be used for one-to-many networking applications such as online streaming video and gaming, and allows more efficient use of resources when supporting these types of applications.

IGMP is used on IPv4 networks. Multicast management on IPv6 networks is handled by Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) which is a part of ICMPv6 in contrast to IGMP's bare IP encapsulation.
Anaïs Morand
Anaïs Morand (born 10 March 1993) is a Swiss pair skater and Red Bull Crashed Ice competitor in the sport of ice cross downhill. Competing in pairs with Antoine Dorsaz, she skated at seven ISU Championships, achieving their best result (8th) at the 2010 Europeans, and at the 2010 Winter Olympics (15th). In 2011 and 2012, she competed at three ISU Championships with Timothy Leemann. She is the 2018 Crans-Montana Riders Cup Ice Cross champion.

2010 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2010 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2009–10 season. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The event was held at the Saku Suurhall Arena in Tallinn, Estonia from 18 to 24 January 2010.
Air Force Security Forces Center
The Air Force Security Forces Center (AFSFC) organizes, trains, and equips Air Force security forces worldwide. It develops force protection doctrine, programs, and policies by planning and programming resources to execute the missions of nuclear and non-nuclear weapon system security, physical security, integrated defense, combat arms, law enforcement, anti-terrorism, resource protection, and corrections. It identifies and delivers emergent and future force protection and force application solutions through modeling and simulation. It acts as the executive agency for the Department of Defense military working dog program.

United States Air Force Security Forces
The United States Air Force Security Forces (SF) are the ground combat force and military police service of the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force. The USAF Security Forces were formerly known as Military Police (MP), Air Police (AP), and Security Police (SP) at various points in their history.