hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pahari culture
Pahari culture refers to the cultural practices, traditions, arts, languages, lifestyles, and social behavior of the people living in the hilly regions of northern India, Pakistan, and Nepal. The term "pahari" or "pahadi" originates from the Hindi word "pahad", denoting "mountain" or "hill", and collectively describes the inhabitants of mountainous areas, including parts of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, and northern Pakistan, as well as the Himalayan foothills in Nepal.

Historically, pahari communities, including Bangladeshi Pahari groups—though their cultures are not extensively documented—and Indo-Aryan speaking populations developed distinct identities due to their geographical isolation. This separation encouraged the emergence of a unique art forms, folk traditions, and linguistic patterns. However, these cultures also absorbed elements from broader civilizations, including Indo-Aryan, Central Asian, and Tibetan influences.

Pahari painting
Pahari painting (lit. 'a painting from the mountainous regions, pahar meaning a mountain in Hindi') is an umbrella term used for a form of Indian painting, done mostly in miniature forms, originating from the lower Himalayan hill kingdoms of North India, during the early 17th to mid 19th century, notably Basohli, Mankot, Nurpur, Chamba, Kangra, Guler, Mandi and Garhwal. Nainsukh was a famous master of the mid-18th century, followed by his family workshop for another two generations. The central theme of Pahari painting is depiction of eternal love of the Hindu deities Radha and Krishna. A distinct lyricism, spontaneous rhythm, softness, minute intricate details of composition, and intense perception and portrayal of human emotions and physical features distinguish the Pahari miniatures from the other miniature schools like Deccan, Mughal and Rajasthani-Rajput.
Evolution (Slum Village album)
Evolution is the seventh studio album by American hip hop trio Slum Village. It was released on June 25, 2013, via Ne'Astra Music and Traffic Entertainment Group. Recording sessions took place at RJ Rice Studios in Southfield, Michigan. Production was handled by Young RJ, Focus..., Earlly Macmillion and T3. It features guest appearances from Big Pooh, Focus..., Vice Verse, Blu, Earlly Macmillion, Havoc, J. Ivy, Joe Scudda, Joteka and DJ Jazzy Jeff.

Slum Village
Slum Village is an American hip hop group from Detroit, Michigan. The group was formerly composed of the rappers Baatin (1974–2009), T3, and rapper / producer J Dilla (1974–2006). J Dilla left in 2001 to pursue a solo career with MCA Records. Elzhi joined in his absence, after which Baatin also left due to health complications.

Following J Dilla's death in 2006 and Baatin's death in 2009, T3 remains the sole surviving member of the original lineup. Over its history the group has been through several line-up changes, which once included J Dilla's younger brother Illa J, but now the group exists as a duo of T3 and producer Young RJ.
Ramon Sealy
Anthony Ramon Sealy (born 22 April 1991) is a Caymanian sportsman who plays both football and cricket. He plays as a goalkeeper for Bodden Town and the Cayman Islands national football team, and as a right-handed batsman for the Cayman Islands national cricket team.

Cayman Islands national football team
The Cayman Islands national football team represents the Cayman Islands (British overseas territory) in men's international football, which is governed by the Cayman Islands Football Association founded in 1966. It has been a member of FIFA and CONCACAF since 1992. Regionally, it is a member of CFU in the Caribbean Zone.

Cayman Islands has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup and the CONCACAF Gold Cup, but has participated four times in League C of the CONCACAF Nations League. Regionally, the team finished in fourth place in the Caribbean Cup as hosts in 1995.

Cayman Islands' debut in international competitions was in the first qualifying round of the 1985 CFU Championship. Their first appearance in World Cup qualifiers was in the 1998 CONCACAF qualification. The team achieved its first victory in 1990, defeating Aruba 2–1.
Ashley McIntosh
Ashley David McIntosh (born 20 October 1972) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Claremont Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League (AFL). The son of John McIntosh, who played for Claremont and St Kilda, McIntosh represented West Coast in 242 games between 1991 and 2003, playing in the club's 1992 and 1994 premierships, and was named in the All-Australian team in 1998.

Claremont Football Club
The Claremont Football Club, nicknamed Tigers, is an Australian rules football club based in Claremont, Western Australia, that currently plays in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and WAFL Women's (WAFLW). Its official colours are navy blue and gold. Formed as the "Cottesloe Beach Football Club" in 1906, the club entering the WAFL in 1925 as the "Claremont-Cottesloe Football Club"', changing its name to the present in 1935. Claremont have won 12 senior men's premierships since entering the competition, including most recently the 2011 and 2012 premierships.
Heptobarbital
Heptobarbital (Rutonal), also known as phenylmethylbarbituric acid is a barbiturate derivative. It has often been confused with methylphenobarbital because both drugs contain a methylphenyl moiety and are overall very similar in structure.

Barbiturate
Barbiturates are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants, but have physical and psychological addiction potential as well as overdose potential among other possible adverse effects. They have been used recreationally for their anti-anxiety and sedative effects, and are thus controlled in most countries due to the risks associated with such use.

Barbiturates have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines ("Z-drugs") in routine medical practice, particularly in the treatment of anxiety disorders and insomnia, because of the significantly lower risk of overdose, and the lack of an antidote for barbiturate overdose. Despite this, barbiturates are still in use for various purposes: in general anesthesia, epilepsy, treatment of acute migraines or cluster headaches, acute tension headaches, euthanasia, capital punishment, and assisted suicide.
Gulli
Gulli (pronounced [ɡyli]; stylised as gulli) is a French free-to-air television channel focused on kids' programming for those aged 3 to 14. It was created as a result of a partnership between Lagardère Active and state-owned broadcaster France Télévisions. In 2019, Groupe M6 bought Gulli as well as the television division of Lagardère Active.

Lagardère News
Lagardère News, formerly known as Lagardère Active, is the media activities arm of the French Lagardère Group. It owns the radio stations Europe 1, Europe 2 and RFM, and the newspaper Le Journal du Dimanche.

Its subsidiaries include Lagardère's radio operations, television networks, and book and magazine publishers.
Karabulak, Sayram District
The village of Karabulak (Kazakh: Қарабұлақ; Uzbek: Қорабулок, Russian: Карабулак) — is one of the largest villages of Sayram District, South Kazakhstan Region. The population is more than 53 thousand (as of 2015). The area is 11,134 hectares. It is located 45 km from Shymkent, the regional center, and 18 km from Aksukent village, the district center. There are 11 schools, 1 college and 3 marketplaces in the village. Also there are 19 mosques, 2 hospitals, 2 policlinics, a kindergarten, Alisher Navoiy cultural center and the largest mosque in Sayram for 10 thousand. Most of the population of the village are ethnic Uzbeks who constitute up to 99% of the villagers.

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Quarto (software)
Quarto is a free and open-source scientific and technical publishing system developed by Posit PBC (formerly RStudio). It is a command-line tool built on Pandoc that converts plain text documents mixed with executable code including Python, R, Julia, and Observable JavaScript into static formats including PDF, HTML, MS Word, PowerPoint, ePub, RevealJS, and MediaWiki.

Quarto is considered the successor to R Markdown, extending support beyond the R ecosystem to support a broader range of data science languages and environments.

Pandoc
Pandoc is a free-software document converter, widely used as a writing tool (especially by scholars) and as a basis for publishing workflows. It was created by John MacFarlane, a philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley.
James Lomas (actor)
James Jacob Lomas (born 1 March 1990) is a former British actor best known for his role as Billy Elliot in Billy Elliot the Musical, which earned a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical, making him one of the youngest winners of the awards.

Lomas was one of the three original Billy Elliots of the original West End theatre production of Billy Elliot the Musical. He continued performing until 7 January 2006. Together with his two original colleagues Liam Mower and George Maguire, alternating in the role of "Billy", he performed again in a first anniversary Gala show on 12 May 2006.

Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Musical
The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Musical is an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award was introduced in 1979, along with the award for Best Actress in a Musical. In 1977 and 1978, there had been a commingled actor/actress award for Best Performance in a Musical, won both times by an actress.
Frozen dough
The frozen dough is dough that have been frozen in order to decouple the dough preparation and baking processes of breadmaking (without freezing, the dough must be used quickly once prepared). The frozen dough is used for home baking and by small bakeries, especially the supermarket deli ones, due to the simplicity of baking using the pre-made dough, especially for more complicated products (Danish pastries, croissants). The storage time for frozen dough is limited, although it is constantly increasing due to the improvements in manufacturing. As of 2013, the 16 weeks storage time was typical (lean doughs deteriorate quicker).

Dough
Dough is a malleable, sometimes elastic paste made from flour (which itself is made from grains or from leguminous or chestnut crops). Dough is typically made by mixing flour with a small amount of water or other liquid and sometimes includes yeast or other leavening agents, as well as ingredients such as fats or flavourings.

Making and shaping dough begins the preparation of a wide variety of foodstuffs, particularly breads and bread-based items, but also including biscuits, cakes, cookies, dumplings, flatbreads, noodles, pasta, pastry, pizza, piecrusts, scones and similar items. Dough can be made from a wide variety of flour, commonly wheat and rye but also maize, rice, legumes, almonds, and other cereals or crops.
Diethylene glycol dinitrate
Diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) is an explosive nitrated alcohol ester with the formula C4H8N2O7. It is commonly used as a plasticizer in propellant or explosive formulations. While chemically similar to numerous other high explosives, pure diethylene glycol dinitrate is difficult to ignite. Ignition typically requires localized heating to the decomposition point unless the DEGDN is first atomized. It is sensitive to detonation by impact but not due to friction.

Ethylene glycol dinitrate
Ethylene glycol dinitrate, abbreviated EGDN and NGC, also known as Nitroglycol, is a colorless, oily, explosive liquid obtained by nitrating ethylene glycol.  It is similar to nitroglycerine in both manufacture and properties, though it is more volatile and less viscous. Unlike nitroglycerine, the chemical has a perfect oxygen balance, meaning that its ideal exothermic decomposition would completely convert it to low energy carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen gas, with no excess unreacted substances, without needing to react with anything else.
Podlashuks
Podlashuks (Podlachian: Пудляшуки,  romanized: Pudliashuki; Ukrainian: Підляшани, romanized: Pidliashany; Belarusian: Падляшукі, romanized: Padliashuki; Polish: Podlaszucy) are an East Slavic ethnic group from Podlachia, a historical region in northeastern Poland which includes the Podlaskie and Lublin Voivodeships. Some Podlashuks identify as Belarusian, Ukrainian, or Polish, while others identify as a distinct ethnic group.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Carennac
Carennac (French pronunciation: [kaʁɛnak]) is a commune in the Lot department in Southwestern France in the historical region of Quercy. The village lies in the fertile valley of the Dordogne under the arid plateau locally named 'le Causse'.

Its landmarks include a medieval priory, combining an 11th-century church and cloister, and a 16th-century castle, in which the author of The Adventures of Telemachus, François Fénelon, lived from 1681 to 1685. The church features a tympanum, and the cloister a 15th-century "mise au tombeau".

Priory
A priory is a monastery of men or women under religious vows that is headed by a prior or prioress. They are found in the Catholic Church, Lutheran Churches, and Anglican Communion. Priories may be monastic houses of monks or nuns (such as the Benedictines, the Cistercians, or the Charterhouses). Houses of canons & canonesses regular also use this term, the alternative being canonry. Mendicant houses, of friars, nuns, or tertiary sisters (such as the Friars Preachers, Augustinian Hermits, and Carmelites) also exclusively use this term.

In pre-Reformation England, if an abbey church was raised to cathedral status, the abbey became a cathedral priory. The bishop, in effect, took the place of the abbot, and the monastery itself was headed by a prior.
Masmo metro station
Masmo is a station on Line 13 of the Red line of the Stockholm Metro, located in Masmo, Vårby, Huddinge Municipality. The station opened on 1 October 1972 as part of the extension from Vårberg to Fittja. It was the first of the "cave-stations" (grottstations). The station is 16.1 km (10.0 mi) from Slussen.

Huddinge Municipality
Huddinge Municipality (Swedish: Huddinge kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County, east central Sweden. Its seat is located in Huddinge  (pronounced [hɵ̂dːɪŋɛ] ⓘ), that is a part of Stockholm urban area.

The municipality is, with its approximately 110,000 inhabitants, the second most populated in Stockholm County.
Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna
Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna (Arabic: شيخ العافية ولد محمد خونة; born 1956) is a Mauritanian political figure. He was the 7th Prime Minister of Mauritania from January 2, 1996, to December 18, 1997, Minister of Foreign Affairs from July 12, 1998, to November 16, 1998, and Prime Minister again from November 16, 1998, to July 6, 2003, under President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya; later, he briefly served as Minister of Foreign Affairs again in 2008.

Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Ould Taya (born 28 November 1941) is a Mauritanian military officer and politician who served as the President of Mauritania from 1984 to 2005. He also served as the fifth Prime minister of Mauritania from 1981 to 1992 except for a brief period in 1984.

Born in Atar, French West Africa, Ould Taya studied at Franco-Arab school and then French military school. He participated in the Western Sahara War against the Polisario Front. Ould Taya was appointed Chief of the Army staff in July 1980 and then as Prime minister in April 1981 after an unsuccessful coup attempt against Mohamed Haidalla.

Having come to power through a bloodless military coup, he won the 2003 elections and was ousted by a military coup in 2005. During his presidency, he pursued policies of Arab nationalism and deepening ties with the United States. He established close relations with Saddam Hussein of Iraq and had a pro-Iraqi stance on the Gulf War.
Latvia 100
The 100th Anniversary of the Latvian Republic (Latvian: Latvijas valsts simtgade) also commercialized as Latvia 100 (Latvija 100) was a national event in Latvia celebrating the country's 100th anniversary since its 1918 establishment. The main celebrations were held on 18 November 2018, and other commemorative events are set to take place from 2017 to 2021. Outside from the official celebrations, 18 November is also a public holiday, being the Proclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia.

The slogan of the event was Es esmu Latvija ('I Am Latvia').

Independence Day (Latvia)
Latvia's Independence Day, officially known as the Proclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia, is celebrated annually on 18 November in Latvia. It marks the anniversary of the Proclamation of Independence of Latvia by the People's Council of Latvia in 1918.
Cassa di Risparmio di Tortona
Cassa di Risparmio di Tortona  was an Italian savings bank based in Tortona, Piedmont. The bank was merged into Banca Lombarda in 1999 (the predecessor of UBI Banca), while the former owner of the bank, Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Tortona, still operates as a charity organization.

UBI Banca
Unione di Banche Italiane S.p.A., commonly known for its trading name UBI Banca, was an Italian banking group, the fifth largest in Italy by number of branches. It was formed on 1 April 2007 from the merger of the Banche Popolari Unite (trading as BPU Banca) and Banca Lombarda e Piemontese banking groups.

UBI Banca shares were listed on the Borsa Italiana and included in the FTSE MIB (the blue chip index) until it was taken over by its larger Italian rival Intesa Sanpaolo in September 2020.
Raja Maharaj Singh
Raja Sir Maharaj Singh CIE CStJ (17 May 1878, Kapurthala, Punjab – 6 June 1959, Lucknow) was the first Indian Governor of Bombay. He was also the Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir during Maharaja Hari Singh's rule and also the Dewan of Jodhpur for a short while. Raja Sir Maharaja Singh served as the president of the All India Conference of Indians in the 1940s.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
El Gato: The Human Glacier
El Gato: The Human Glacier is a commercial mixtape by American rapper Gucci Mane. It was released on December 22, 2017, by GUWOP Enterprises and Atlantic Records. The album's production is handed primarily by Southside, alongside Jake One. It is Gucci Mane's third commercial project of 2017, following Droptopwop and Mr. Davis.

Mr. Davis
Mr. Davis is the eleventh studio album by American rapper Gucci Mane. It was released on October 13, 2017, by GUWOP Enterprises, RBC Records and Atlantic Records. The album is Gucci Mane's second commercial project of the year of 2017, following the Droptopwop mixtape. It features guest appearances from Nicki Minaj, Monica, Chris Brown, Migos, The Weeknd, ASAP Rocky, Big Sean, Ty Dolla Sign, Schoolboy Q, Slim Jxmmi, Young Dolph and Rico Love.

Mr. Davis was supported by three singles: "Make Love", "Tone It Down" and "I Get the Bag". The album charted at number two on the US Billboard 200, and received generally positive reviews from critics.
Caucasian-Mohammedan Legion
The Caucasian-Mohammedan Legion (German: Kaukasisch-Mohammedanische Legion) was a volunteer unit of the German Army during World War II. The Legion was created on 13 January 1942 by order of General of the Infantry Friedrich Olbricht. The Legion consisted of Abkhazians, Circassians, Balkars, Karachays, Chechens, Ingushes, Kurds, Talyshis, Ossetians, and various peoples of Dagistan. In accordance with the decree of 19 February 1942, volunteers from the peoples of the North Caucasus were on 2 August 1942 allocated on a national-territorial basis separately to the North Caucasian Legion / Mountain-Caucasian Legion. The initial placement of the Legion was Wesel.

Friedrich Olbricht
Friedrich Olbricht (4 October 1888 – 21 July 1944) was a German general during World War II. He is known for being one of the plotters involved in the 20 July Plot, an attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler  in 1944.

Olbricht was a senior staff officer, with the rank of infantry general. He was secretly in contact with most of the leaders of the resistance. They briefed him on their various plots and he placed sympathetic officers in key positions. Olbricht quietly encouraged field commanders to support the resistance. By late 1943, his office was the centre of Resistance plotting, under Claus von Stauffenberg. Had the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler been successful, Olbricht would have assumed the position of minister of war in a post-Nazi regime.
Francesco II Ventimiglia
Francesco II Ventimiglia (c. 1326–1331 – 1391), known as Franceschello, was a Sicilian nobleman of the House of Ventimiglia, Count of Geraci, and one of the "Four Vicars" who governed the Kingdom of Sicily during the minority of Queen Maria. A leading figure in late 14th-century Sicilian politics, he operated largely along the island’s north coast and in the Madonie hinterland.

Geraci Siculo
Geraci Siculo (Sicilian: Jiraci) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Palermo. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Geraci Siculo borders the following municipalities: Castel di Lucio, Castelbuono, Gangi, Nicosia, Petralia Soprana, Petralia Sottana, San Mauro Castelverde.