hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dual topology
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics a dual topology is a locally convex topology on a vector space that is induced by the continuous dual of the vector space, by means of the bilinear form (also called pairing) associated with the dual pair.

The different dual topologies for a given dual pair are characterized by the Mackey–Arens theorem. All locally convex topologies with their continuous dual are trivially a dual pair and the locally convex topology is a dual topology.

Several topological properties depend only on the dual pair and not on the chosen dual topology and thus it is often possible to substitute a complicated dual topology by a simpler one.

Weak topology
In mathematics, weak topology is an alternative term for certain initial topologies, often on topological vector spaces or spaces of linear operators, for instance on a Hilbert space. The term is most commonly used for the initial topology of a topological vector space (such as a normed vector space) with respect to its continuous dual. The remainder of this article will deal with this case, which is one of the concepts of functional analysis.

One may call subsets of a topological vector space weakly closed (respectively, weakly compact, etc.) if they are closed (respectively, compact, etc.) with respect to the weak topology. Likewise, functions are sometimes called weakly continuous (respectively, weakly differentiable, weakly analytic, etc.) if they are continuous (respectively, differentiable, analytic, etc.) with respect to the weak topology.
Mark Kennedy (police officer)
Mark Kennedy (born 7 July 1969), undercover name Mark Stone, is a former London Metropolitan Police officer who, whilst attached to the police service's National Public Order Intelligence Unit, (NPOIU) infiltrated many protest groups between 2003 and 2010 before he was unmasked by political activists as an undercover policeman on 21 October 2010 and his identity was confirmed by the media three days later. During his time under cover he manipulated and deceived several women into having sexual relationships with him with the knowledge of his superiors. An Investigatory Powers Tribunal found his actions to be an "abuse of the highest order" and had "grossly debased, degraded and humiliated" one of his victims.

Investigatory Powers Tribunal
The Investigatory Powers Tribunal (IPT) is a first-instance tribunal and superior court of record in the United Kingdom. It is primarily an inquisitorial court.

It hears complaints about surveillance by public bodies, primarily the intelligence services. It does not hear complaints about surveillance by private bodies.

It is a part of the Home Office but operates independently. It is also separate from the administration of the rest of the UK tribunals system.
SmartPlanet
SmartPlanet was an online magazine that covered clean technology and information technology as it related to healthcare, science, transportation, corporate sustainability, architecture, and design. It was part of the business portfolio of CBS Interactive that included BNET and ZDNet and was known for its daily coverage of the technology and energy industries. It stopped publishing on June 30, 2014.

Paramount Streaming
Paramount Streaming (formerly CBS Digital Media, CBS Interactive, and ViacomCBS Streaming) is a division of Paramount Skydance that oversees the company's video streaming technology and direct-to-consumer services; including Pluto TV and Paramount+. It was founded in 2005, and Tom Ryan is the company's president and CEO.
Zunyi
Zunyi (simplified Chinese: 遵义; traditional Chinese: 遵義; pinyin: Zūnyì) is a prefecture-level city in northern Guizhou province, People's Republic of China, situated between the provincial capital Guiyang to the south and Chongqing to the north, also bordering Sichuan to the northwest. Along with Guiyang and Liupanshui, it is one of the most important cities of the province. The metro area is made of three urban districts of the city, Huichuan, Honghuagang, and Bozhou, had a population of 2,360,549 people. The whole prefecture, including 14 county-level administration area as a whole, had a population of 6,606,675 at the 2020 census.

Zunyi is known for being the location  of the Zunyi Conference in 1935, where Mao Zedong was first elected to the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party during the Long March.

Liupanshui
Liupanshui (simplified Chinese: 六盘水; traditional Chinese: 六盤水; pinyin: Liùpánshuǐ) is a city in western Guizhou province, People's Republic of China. The name Liupanshui combines the first character from the names of each of the city's three constituent counties: Liuzhi, Panzhou, Shuicheng.  As a prefecture-level city with an area of 9,926 square kilometres (3,832 sq mi), Liupanshui had a total population of over 2,830,000 in 2006, making it the second largest in the province, though only 251,900 inhabitants were urban residents. The city is known locally as "The Cool City" or "Cool Capital" due to its low average summer temperature.
Rangbaaz: The Bihar Chapter
Rangbaaz: The Bihar Chapter is a 2025 Indian Hindi-language crime drama film directed by Sachin Pathak and written by Siddharth Mishra. The film stars Vineet Kumar Singh, Aakanksha Singh, Vijay Maurya, Rajesh Tailang, and Prashant Narayanan. It was released on the streaming platform ZEE5 on 31 October 2025.

Vineet Kumar Singh
Vineet Kumar Singh (born 24 August 1978/1981) is an Indian actor and writer known for his strong portrayal of an aspiring boxer Shravan Kumar Singh in Mukkabaaz (2018). An M.D. in Ayurveda from Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, Vineet began his acting career at the age of 21 with the movie Pitaah (2002). After few series of performances in his early career including the 2010 film City of Gold, he got noticed for his role in films like Bombay Talkies  and Gangs of Wasseypur. His role in Ugly and the portrayal of the character Milan Shukla in the film Daas Dev won him appreciation. He made his debut as lead actor in the 2018 Anurag Kashyap film Mukkabaaz for which he won two awards.
AGC Aerospace & Defense
AGC Aerospace & Defense is the portfolio brand of Acorn Growth Companies, an operationally focused, middle market private equity firm investing exclusively in aerospace and defense opportunities.

AGC Aerospace & Defense, through its portfolio of companies, has become a global supplier of technologies, systems and services supporting commercial and military programs. Capabilities within the portfolio range from financing, engineering, and integration services to manufacturing, logistics, and aircraft modifications. AGC Aerospace & Defense is organized into four operating groups: AeroComposites, Finance, Integrated Defense, and Services.

All the companies were aligned under the AGC Aerospace and Defense umbrella in 2009. The companies support DoD directly or as subcontractors to OEMs or Tier 1 defense contractors.

Aerospace
Aerospace refers to the technology and industry involved with the atmosphere and outer space collectively. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astronautics. Aerospace organizations research, design, manufacture, operate, maintain, and repair both aircraft and spacecraft.

The border between space and the atmosphere has been proposed as 100 kilometres (62.1 mi) above the ground according to the physical explanation that the air density is too low for a lifting body to generate meaningful lift force without exceeding orbital velocity. This border has been called the Kármán line.
Ballade en vieil langage françoys
La Ballade en vieil langage françoys is a poem by François Villon. Following on from the Ballade des dames du temps jadis and the Ballade des seigneurs du temps jadis, it closes the triptych of ballads which occupies the beginning of his Testament.

It is written in “vieille langage françoys”, that is to say in old French. But Villon speaks Middle French. He therefore uses a language that his contemporaries no longer practiced, and that he himself knew only poorly (See François Villon, Œuvres, par Louis Thuasne, Tome II: Commentaire et notes, Éditeur: Auguste Picard, 1923, p. 164, "Other ballad" section).

Le Testament
Le Testament is a collection of poetry composed in 1461 by François Villon. Le Testament, comprising over twenty essentially independent poems in octosyllabic verse, consists of a series of fixed-form poems, namely 16 ballades and three rondeaux, and is recognized as a gem of medieval literature.
Narcissistic parent
A narcissistic parent is a parent affected by narcissism or narcissistic personality disorder. Typically, narcissistic parents are exclusively and possessively close to their children and are threatened by their children's growing independence. Narcissistic parents are self-absorbed, often to the point of grandiosity. They also tend to be inflexible and lack the empathy necessary for child raising.

Confidence
Confidence is the feeling of belief or trust that a person or thing is reliable. Self-confidence is trust in oneself. Self-confidence involves a positive belief that one can generally accomplish what one wishes to do in the future. Self-confidence is not the same as self-esteem, which is an evaluation of one's worth. Self-confidence is related to self-efficacy—belief in one's ability to accomplish a specific task or goal. Confidence can be a self-fulfilling prophecy, as those without it may fail because they lack it, and those with it may succeed because they have it rather than because of an innate ability or skill.
Gail Letzter
Gail Rebecca Letzter (September 12, 1960 – September 19, 2024) was an American mathematician specializing in the representation theory of quantum groups, and formerly technical director of the mathematics research group of the National Security Agency.

Association for Women in Mathematics
The Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM) is a professional society whose mission is to encourage women and girls to study and to have active careers in the mathematical sciences, and to promote equal opportunity for and the equal treatment of women and girls in the mathematical sciences. The AWM was founded in 1971 and incorporated in the state of Massachusetts.  AWM has approximately 5200 members, including over 250 institutional members, such as colleges, universities, institutes, and mathematical societies.  It offers numerous programs and workshops to mentor women and girls in the mathematical sciences.  Much of AWM's work is supported through federal grants.
Hycilla
Hycilla (1941 – 1953) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare, who raced during World War II and was best known for winning the classic Oaks Stakes in 1944. Unraced as a juvenile, she finished second on her three-year-old debut before winning the Oaks, which was run that year at Newmarket Racecourse. She was beaten when favourite for St Leger but ended her year with a win in the Champion Stakes. In the following year, she failed to win but ran well in defeat when third in a strongly contested Coronation Cup. She retired to become a broodmare in the United States but made little impact, producing four minor stakes winners.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
Untitled Horror Movie
Untitled Horror Movie is a 2021 American horror comedy film directed by Nick Simon, who co-wrote the screenplay with Luke Baines. Baines also stars in the film alongside Claire Holt, Darren Barnet, Emmy Raver-Lampman, Katherine McNamara, and Timothy Granaderos. The film utilizes found footage conventions, and in one scene presents its narrative via a computer screen. Its plot follows six actors who decide to create a horror film, and in doing so unwittingly summon a malevolent spirit.

Untitled Horror Movie was filmed remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The processes of writing, pre-production, and filming all took place during COVID-19-related quarantines. The film's actors—who were self-isolating at their homes during shooting—were responsible for lighting, makeup, audio and camerawork, with direction, assistance and communication taking place through Zoom.

Katherine McNamara
Katherine Grace McNamara (born November 22, 1995) is an American actress and singer. She portrayed Clary Fray on the 2016–2019 supernatural drama series Shadowhunters, receiving a Teen Choice Award and a People's Choice Award for her work. In 2022, she starred in the western action series Walker: Independence as Abby Walker, which earned her a Critics Choice Super Award for Best Actress in an Action Series nomination. She also portrayed Mia Smoak in the superhero series Arrow and starred as Julie Lawry in the post-apocalyptic miniseries The Stand. Her film roles include Lily Bowman in the 2011 romantic comedy New Year's Eve, Rosa in the 2015 drama A Sort of Homecoming, Sonya in the second and third films of the dystopian science fiction film series Maze Runner, and Amy in the 2021 thriller Trust.
Constitution (Thirtieth Amendment) Act, 2017
The Constitution (Thirtieth Amendment) Act, 2017 was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan seeking to create seats for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly and establish a new judicial system in the tribal belt. The amendment would have added new provisions to the Constitution to create room for FATA lawmakers in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly after the merger of FATA and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The amendment was introduced to the National Assembly of Pakistan alongside the Tribal Areas Rewaj Act.

It was never adopted and never officially became part of the constitution. Some of these provisions were included in Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan.

Tribal Areas Rewaj Act
The Tribal Areas Rewaj Act was a bill introduced in the National Assembly of Pakistan but later withdrawn by the Government of Pakistan due to widespread opposition. The proposed legislation aimed to merge the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) with the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa over a five-years period. The act intended to replace the Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR) and extend the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Pakistan and the Peshawar High Court to FATA.
HMS Observer (1916)
HMS Observer was a Repeat Admiralty M-class destroyer that served in the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class was an improvement on those of the preceding L class, capable of higher speed. Observer had a largely uneventful war. Joining the Fourteenth Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet in 1916, the vessel was soon involved in an exercise that involved most of the dreadnoughts of the First and Third Battle Squadrons but did not take part in any fleet actions with Germany. In 1917, the destroyer was a participant in anti-ship and anti-submarine patrols, but, once again, the ship did not engage any enemy warships. After the Armistice that ended the war, Observer was initially put in reserve and then sold in 1921 to be broken up.

Grand Fleet
The Grand Fleet was the main battlefleet of the Royal Navy during the First World War. It was established in August 1914 and disbanded in April 1919. Its main base was Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands.
Tomás Ryan
Thomas F. Ryan (born 1944), better known as Tomás Ryan, is an Irish retired hurler and politician. At club level he played with Inniscarra and divisional side Muskerry and was also a member of the Cork senior hurling team. Ryan also spent 30 years as an elected representative with Cork County Council.

Cork County Council
Cork County Council (Irish: Comhairle Contae Chorcaí) is the local authority of County Cork, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001, as amended. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. The council has 55 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Mayor. The county administration is headed by a chief executive, Moira Murrell. The county seat is Cork.
Sara Snogerup Linse
Sara Snogerup Linse (born 30 April 1962) is a Swedish Professor of Biochemistry at Lund University. Her research considers the molecular mechanisms of protein self-assembly in Alzheimer's disease. She serves as Chair of the Committee for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She was awarded the 2019 European Molecular Biology Organization Women in Science Award.

European Molecular Biology Organization
The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) is a professional, non-profit organization of more than 2,100 life scientists. Its goal is to promote research in life science and enable international exchange between scientists. It co-funds courses, workshops and conferences, publishes five scientific journals and supports individual scientists.  The organization was founded in 1964 and is a founding member of the Initiative for Science in Europe. As of 2022 the Director of EMBO is Fiona Watt, a stem cell researcher, professor at King's College London and a group leader at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory.
Mark Mitchell (actor)
Mark Mitchell (born 29 September 1954) is an Australian actor, comedian and contemporary artist, best known for his roles in the sketch comedy series The Comedy Company, most especially his character of Greek Australian green grocer Con the Fruiterer, as well as his role in Round the Twist as greedy real estate agent Mr. Gribble.

Round the Twist
Round the Twist is an Australian children's comedy drama television series originally broadcast by the Seven Network, the program follows the supernatural adventures of the Twist family, who leave their conventional residence to live in a lighthouse, in the fictional coastal town of Port Niranda.

The early episodes of the series were based on stories by author Paul Jennings who also co-wrote the series screenplay in collaboration with creator and Executive Producer Patricia Edgar and co-director Esben Storm.

The series was developed by the Australian Children's Television Foundation (ACTF), the media company created by Edgar.
Catenarina desolata
Catenarina desolata is a species of lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2014 by lichenologists Ulrik Søchting, Majbrit Søgaard, and Arve Elvebakk. It is predominantly found in the southernmost parts of Chile, with some instances in Antarctica and the Kerguelen Islands. Characterised by its dark reddish-brown to almost purple apothecia, this species of lichen was originally thought to be lichenicolous, meaning it grows on other lichens, particularly Aspicilia species. The later discovery non-lichen-dwelling examples from James Ross Island in the Antarctic Peninsula suggests that it is not exclusively lichenicolous. Its distinctive secondary compound, 7-chlorocatenarin, sets it apart from other lichens in the region.

Arve Elvebakk
Arve Elvebakk (born 1951) is a Norwegian mycologist and professor working from the Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø. He has published widely on Arctic biology,  and climatology. Additionally, he collaborates with many mycologists across the world, and has published names for lichens in Australia, New Zealand, the South Pacific, and South America, and the Antarctic.
Museum of Transology
51°31′7.28″N 0°4′45.54″W﻿ / ﻿51.5186889°N 0.0793167°W﻿ / 51.5186889; -0.0793167

The Museum of Transology (MoT) is a collection of objects and community archive representing the lives of transgender, non-binary and intersex people, curated by its founder E-J Scott. It is one of the first known collections of transgender artifacts, and as of 2019, it was the world's largest collection of material culture relating to transgender lives. It has appeared in exhibitions and holdings at the London College of Fashion, Brighton Museum & Art Gallery, the Bishopsgate Institute, the Whitechapel Gallery, and the Barbican Centre.

Bishopsgate Institute
Bishopsgate Institute is a cultural institute in the Bishopsgate area east of the City of London. The institute was established in 1895. It offers a cultural events programme, courses for adults, historic library and archive collections, and a community programme.
The Forgotten (Green Day song)
"The Forgotten" is a song by the American rock band Green Day and is featured as the closing track on their eleventh studio album, ¡Tré! (2012). The song is also available on The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 soundtrack, which was released on November 13, 2012, and was released October 30, 2012. It was recorded at Jingletown Studios from February 14 to June 26, 2012, and produced by Rob Cavallo and Green Day. It is the fifth overall single from the ¡Uno!, ¡Dos! & ¡Tré! trilogy.

The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 (soundtrack)
The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album to The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2, released on November 13, 2012.

It is the fifth soundtrack in the saga's chronology, and it was once again produced by Alexandra Patsavas, the music director for the previous three films. The track list for the album was revealed on October 4, 2012, which included the announcement of the album's lead single.  The album sold 229,000 copies in the US in 2012, making it the third best-selling soundtrack album of the year.  It has sold 303,000 copies as of April 2013.
Du Zhiren
Du Zhiren (Chinese: 杜智仁; pinyin: Dù zhìrén; born 1948) is a retired Chinese footballer. Nicknamed "B-Boy", he played as a left winger for his home province of Guangdong in a domestic level throughout the 1970s. He also represented China internationally for their debut in the 1976 AFC Asian Cup.

Guangdong Winnerway F.C.
Guangdong Winnerway Football Club (simplified Chinese: 广东宏远; traditional Chinese: 廣東宏遠; pinyin: Guǎngdōng Hóngyuǎn) was a Chinese football club, established on September 15, 1992, by Guangdong Winnerway Group and Guangdong Football Association. It was one of the earliest professional football clubs in China.
Tzofim
Tzufim (Hebrew: צוּפִים), or Tzufin (צוּפִין‎), is an Israeli settlement in the West Bank. Located  north of Alfei Menashe and Qalqilyah and northeast of Kfar Saba, it is organised as a community settlement and falls under the jurisdiction of Shomron Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 2,568.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Alfei Menashe
32°10′20″N 35°0′53″E﻿ / ﻿32.17222°N 35.01472°E﻿ / 32.17222; 35.01472

Alfei Menashe (Hebrew: אַלְפֵי מְנַשֶׁה, Arabic: ألفي منشيه, lit. Thousands of Manasseh) is an Israeli settlement on the western edge of the central West Bank. Built over land confiscated from the nearby Palestinian villages of Nabi Ilyas, Islah, and Ras Atiya, it is located in the so-called seam zone of the West Bank. Its name is taken from the bible (Deuteronomy 33:17). It was granted local council status in 1987. In 2023 its population was 8,126.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.