hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Brown (translator)
David Brown (Cherokee: A-wih) (c.1790 – September 14, 1829) was a Cherokee clergyman and translator who worked in Mississippi as a missionary to the Cherokee. As a youth, he was educated in schools for Native Americans in Tennessee and Connecticut. He also attended Andover Theological Seminary in Massachusetts before returning to the South.

Andover Theological Seminary
Andover Theological Seminary (1807–1965) was a Congregationalist seminary founded in 1807 and originally located in Andover, Massachusetts on the campus of Phillips Academy.

From 1908 to 1931, it was located at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It then collocated with Newton Theological Institution (NTI) in Newton, Massachusetts. Then, in 1965, Andover Theological Seminary and NTI formally merged in 1965 to form Andover Newton Theological School in Andover, Massachusetts. In its original and merged forms, it is the first and thus the oldest Protestant theological seminary in the United States. The seminary continues as Andover Newton Seminary at Yale Divinity School, which was launched in 2017.
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) is a government-aided institute and deemed university for the study and research of space science in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. IIST was set up in 2007 by ISRO under the Department of Space, Government of India. This institute is Asia's first space university.

It was inaugurated on 14 September 2007 by G. Madhavan Nair, the then Chairman of ISRO. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, former President of India, was the first Chancellor of IIST. IIST offers regular engineering undergraduate, postgraduate and doctorate programmes with focus on space science, technology and applications.

Deemed university
In India, a deemed university or deemed-to-be-university is an accreditation granted to higher educational institutions by the Ministry of Education under The Section 3 of University Grants Commission Act 1956. According to the ministry's definition, the accreditation indicates, "an Institution of higher education, other than universities, working at a very high standard in specific area of study" and the accreditation grants "the academic status and privileges of a university". According to the UGC  section 3  "The expression 'University' means a University established or incorporated by or under a Central Act, a Provincial Act or a State Act, and includes any such institution as may, in consultation with the University concerned, be recognized by the Commission in accordance with the regulations made in this behalf under this Act."
Megan Reid
Megan Elizbeth Reid (born July 8, 1996) is a professional soccer player who plays as a center back for Denver Summit FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Born in the United States, she plays for the Canada national team. Reid previously played for Angel City FC, where she was an iron woman in 2022.

Denver Summit FC
Denver Summit FC is an American professional soccer team based in the Denver metropolitan area that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). It was accepted as an expansion team on January 30, 2025, and will begin play in the 2026 season.
XTAR-EUR
The XTAR-EUR is a communication satellite developed by Spain and the United States and in order to provide a secure channel over the Indian Ocean. It was originally operated by XTAR and Hisdesat. In year 2020 Hisdesat bought 100% stake on the satellite. Its launch short after the Spainsat is part of an effort to strengthen Spain's communication ties with allied countries around the globe, particularly in maters of national security (defense, disaster relief...).

Spainsat
Spainsat is a Spanish telecommunications satellite used for military and government communications. It allows telecommunications  the different missions of the Spanish Armed forces abroad by providing coverage on a wide area of the world ranging from the United States and South America to the Middle East, including Africa and Europe.
Cesar Chavez Day
Cesar Chavez Day is a U.S. federal commemorative holiday, proclaimed by President Barack Obama in 2014. The holiday celebrates the birth and legacy of the civil rights and labor movement activist Cesar Chavez on March 31 every year.

United Farm Workers
The United Farm Workers of America, or more commonly just United Farm Workers (UFW), is a labor union for farmworkers in the United States. It originated from the merger of two workers' rights organizations, the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) led by César Chávez, Dolores Huerta, and Gilbert Padilla and the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) led by organizer Larry Itliong.

They allied and transformed from workers' rights organizations into a union as a result of a series of strikes in 1965, when the Filipino-American and Mexican-American farmworkers of the AWOC in Delano, California, initiated a grape strike, and the NFWA went on strike in support. As a result of the commonality in goals and methods, the NFWA and the AWOC formed the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee in August 1966. This organization was accepted into the AFL–CIO in 1972 and changed its name to the United Farm Workers Union.
Holy Trinity Church, Burnley
Holy Trinity Church is in Accrington Road, Burnley, Lancashire, England.  It is a redundant Anglican parish church, and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.  Holy Trinity is a Commissioners' church designed by Lewis Vulliamy in Early English style.  The church was extended in 1871–72, but closed in 1990, and has been converted into flats.

Commissioners' church
A Commissioners' church, also known as a Waterloo church and Million Act church, is an Anglican church in England or Wales built with money voted by Parliament as a result of the Church Building Act 1818 (58 Geo. 3. c. 45) and the Church Building Act 1824 (5 Geo. 4. c. 103). The 1818 act supplied a grant of money and established the Church Building Commission to direct its use, and in 1824 made a further grant of money. In addition to paying for the building of churches, the Commission had powers to divide and subdivide parishes, and to provide endowments. The Commission continued to function as a separate body until the end of 1856, when it was absorbed into the Ecclesiastical Commission. In some cases the Commissioners provided the full cost of the new church; in other cases they provided a partial grant and the balance was raised locally. In total 612 new churches were provided, mainly in expanding industrial towns and cities.
Timeline of Quebec history (1791–1840)
This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events in British North America relating to what is the present day province of Quebec, Canada between the time of the Constitutional Act of 1791 and the Act of Union 1840.

Act of Union 1840
The British North America Act, 1840 (3 & 4 Vict. c. 35), also known as the Act of Union 1840, (French: Acte d’Union) was approved by Parliament in July 1840 and proclaimed February 10, 1841, in Montreal. It abolished the legislatures of Lower Canada and Upper Canada and established a new political entity, the Province of Canada to replace them.
Jabłonkowanie
Jabłonkowanie (Polish: [jabwɔŋkɔˈvaɲɛ]) or siakanie (Polish: [ɕaˈkaɲɛ]) is a regional phonological feature of the Polish language. It consists of the merger of the series of retroflex sibilants /ʂ/, /t͡ʂ/, /ʐ/, /d͡ʐ/ ⟨sz, cz, ż, dż⟩ and palatal sibilants /ɕ/, /t͡ɕ/, /ʑ/, /d͡ʑ/ ⟨ś, ć, ź, dź⟩ into a phonetically-intermediate series [ʃʲ], [t͡ʃʲ], [ʒʲ], [d͡ʒʲ] (sometimes written ⟨śz, ćz, źż, dźż⟩).

It is named after the Jabłonków subdialect of Polish (named after the town of Jabłonków in Cieszyn Silesia). It occurs in a number of other Polish subdialects.

The feature is linked to the process of dispalatalization (reducing of the number of palatalized consonants) similar to the phenomena of mazurzenie and kaszubienie in other dialects.

Palatalization (phonetics)
In phonetics, palatalization (/ˌpælətəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ ⓘ, US also /-lɪ-/) or palatization is a way of pronouncing a consonant in which part of the tongue is moved close to the hard palate. Consonants pronounced this way are said to be palatalized and are transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet by affixing a superscript j, ⟨ʲ⟩, to the base letter. Palatalization is not phonemic in English, but it is in Slavic languages such as Russian and Bulgarian; Uralic languages such as Estonian, Karelian, Veps, Enets and Mansi; Northwest Caucasian languages such as Abkhaz; and other various languages such as Irish, Lithuanian, Marshallese and Kashmiri.
Mir Jalaleddin Kazzazi
Mir Jalaleddin Kazzazi (Persian: میرجلال‌الدین کزازی; born 19 January 1949) is a professor of Persian literature and an Iranist.

Kazzazi is a professor of literature at Allameh Tabataba'i University in Tehran. He is known for his work on the Shahnameh, a Persian long epic poem written between c. 977 and 1010 CE.

Kazzazi was inducted into the Iranian Science and Culture Hall of Fame for his contribution to Persian culture and literature.

Iranian studies
Iranian studies (Persian: ايران‌شناسی Irânšenâsi), also referred to as Iranology and Iranistics, is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the research and study of the civilization, history, literature, language, art and culture of Iranian peoples. It is a part of the wider field of Oriental studies.

Iranian studies is broader than Persian studies, which is the study of the Persian language and literature specifically. The discipline of Iranian Studies focuses on broad trends in culture, history, language and other aspects of not only Persians, but also a variety of other contemporary and historical fellow Iranian peoples, such as Kurds, Lurs, Gilakis, Talysh, Tajiks, Pashtuns, Ossetians, Baluchis, Scythians, Sarmatians, Alans, Parthians, Sogdians, Bactrians, Khwarazmians, and Mazandaranis.
Cyclone Nisha (2008)
Cyclonic Storm Nisha (/nɪˈʃɑː/) (IMD designation: BOB 07, JTWC designation: 06B) was a fairly weak but catastrophic tropical cyclone that struck Sri Lanka, and India, killing over 200 people. It was the ninth tropical cyclone of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, and the seventh tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal that year.

Joint Typhoon Warning Center
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South Pacific Ocean, and Indian Ocean for all branches of the U.S. Department of Defense and other U.S. government agencies. Their warnings are intended primarily for the protection of U.S. military ships and aircraft, as well as military installations jointly operated with other countries around the world. Its U.S. Navy components are aligned with the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command.
Albatros D.VI
Albatros D.VI was the designation given to a prototype single-seat twin-boom pusher biplane built in 1917 in Germany. It was armed with a fixed 7.92 mm (0.312 in) LMG 08/15 machine gun and a fixed 20 mm (0.787 in) Becker Type M2 cannon.

The aircraft's undercarriage was damaged on landing from its maiden flight in February 1918 and was never repaired, the project being abandoned in May of that year due to other projects of higher priority. The 130 kW (170 hp) Mercedes D.IIIa engine was eventually removed for use in a different aircraft.

Mercedes D.III
The Mercedes D.III, or F1466 as it was known internally, was a six-cylinder SOHC valvetrain liquid-cooled inline aircraft engine built by Daimler and used on a wide variety of German aircraft during World War I. The initial versions were introduced in 1914 at 119 kW (160 hp), but a series of changes improved this to 127 kW (170 hp) in 1917, and 134 kW (180 hp) by mid-1918. These later models were used on almost all late-war German fighters, and its only real competition, the BMW III, was available only in very limited numbers. Compared to the Allied engines it faced, the D.III was generally outdated.
57-cell
In mathematics, the 57-cell (pentacontaheptachoron) is a self-dual abstract regular 4-polytope (four-dimensional polytope). Its 57 cells are hemi-dodecahedra. It also has 57 vertices, 171 edges and 171 two-dimensional faces.

The symmetry order is 3420, from the product of the number of cells (57) and the symmetry of each cell (60). The symmetry abstract structure is the projective special linear group of the 2-dimensional vector space over the finite field of 19 elements, L2(19).

It has Schläfli type {5,3,5} with 5 hemi-dodecahedral cells around each edge. It was discovered by H. S. M. Coxeter (1982).

Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter
Harold Scott MacDonald "Donald" Coxeter ([ˈkoksɛtɛr], [ˈkɒksətər]) CC FRS FRSC (9 February 1907 – 31 March 2003) was a British-Canadian geometer and mathematician. He is regarded as one of the greatest geometers of the 20th century.

Coxeter was born in England and educated at the University of Cambridge, with student visits to Princeton University. He worked for 60 years at the University of Toronto in Canada, from 1936 until his retirement in 1996, becoming a full professor there in 1948. His many honours included membership in the Royal Society of Canada, the Royal Society, and the Order of Canada.

He was an author of 12 books, including The Fifty-Nine Icosahedra (1938) and Regular Polytopes (1947). Many concepts in geometry and group theory are named after him, including the Coxeter graph, Coxeter groups, Coxeter's loxodromic sequence of tangent circles, Coxeter–Dynkin diagrams, and the Todd–Coxeter algorithm.
Anna Litvinova
Anna Vladimirovna Litvinova (Russian: Анна Владимировна Литвинова; 1 May 1983 – 22 January 2013) was a Russian fashion model and beauty pageant titleholder. She won the Miss Universe - Russia 2006 beauty contest and represented Russia at  Miss Universe 2006 contest, where she finished in the top 20.

Later she moved to Moscow and started a modelling career. There she helped aspiring models to find work abroad. She died in January 2013 after suffering from cancer for one year.

Miss Universe 2006
Miss Universe 2006 was the 55th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California, United States on July 23, 2006.

At the conclusion of the event, Natalie Glebova of Canada crowned Zuleyka Rivera of Puerto Rico as Miss Universe 2006. It is Puerto Rico's fifth victory in the pageant's history. After the show, Rivera passed out due to the weight of her dress but quickly recovered.

Contestants from eighty-six countries and territories competed in this year's pageant, surpassing the previous record of 84 contestants in 1999. The pageant was hosted by Carlos Ponce and Nancy O'Dell, with Queer Eye's Carson Kressley and Miss USA 2004 Shandi Finnessey providing commentary and analysis throughout the event. American singer-rapper Chelo and Italian operatic tenor Vittorio Grigolo performed in this year's pageant.
Helensvale Hornets
The Helensvale Hornets were formed in 1991 the Helensvale Hornets currently field teams in all junior grades of the Gold Coast Rugby League.
The club is based at Robert Dalley Park, Helensvale, Queensland and the club's Gold Coast Titans Ambassadors are David Mead and Beau Henry.

Gold Coast Titans
The Gold Coast Titans are a professional rugby league football club, based on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership, Australia's elite rugby league competition. Since 2008, the Titans have played their home games at Robina Stadium in Robina. The Titans joined the NRL in 2007.

The Gold Coast Titans were the first national-level franchise from the Gold Coast region since the previous franchise, the Gold Coast-Tweed Giants / Gold Coast Seagulls / Gold Coast Chargers, which existed from 1988 to 1998.
Switchback Peak
Switchback Peak is an 8,321-foot (2,536-metre) mountain summit located in the Methow Mountains, a subset of the North Cascades in Washington state. It is the eighth-highest peak in the Methow Mountains, and ranks 95th in the state of Washington. Switchback Peak is set on Sawtooth Ridge, on land managed by the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. Other peaks of Sawtooth Ridge include Oval Peak, Star Peak, Hoodoo Peak, Courtney Peak, Mount Bigelow, and Martin Peak, which is the nearest higher neighbor, 0.96 miles (1.54 km) to the north.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
Tony Hart (politician)
Tony Hart CBE (11 September 1923 – 13 June 2009) was a British businessman and Conservative leader of Kent County Council between 1984 and 1992. During his leadership of Kent County Council, Hart negotiated and oversaw the development of the Channel Tunnel, the High Speed Rail Link and the Dartford Bridge.

Eurostar
Eurostar is an international high-speed rail service in Western Europe, connecting Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom through the Channel Tunnel.

The service is operated by the Eurostar Group which was formed from the merger of Eurostar, which operated trains through the Channel Tunnel to the United Kingdom, and Thalys which operated entirely within continental Europe.

Eurostar has transported over 400 million passengers since services began in 1994, including a record 20 million passengers in 2025. The operator is exploring future network expansions and aims to double passenger numbers between 2022 and 2030.
Paul Hetherington
Paul Hetherington (born 6 March 1958) is an Australian poet and Emeritus Professor at the University of Canberra, Australia. He is the winner of the ACT Literary Awards: inaugural Marion Halligan Award (2024) for his book of poetry, Sleeplessness. Prior to becoming an academic, he worked as Director of Publications and Events at the National Library of Australia in the Australian Public Service.

National Library of Australia
The National Library of Australia (NLA), formerly the Commonwealth National Library and Commonwealth Parliament Library, is the largest reference library in Australia, responsible under the terms of the National Library Act 1960 for "maintaining and developing a national collection of library material, including a comprehensive collection of library material relating to Australia and the Australian people", thus functioning as a national library. It is located in Parkes, Canberra, ACT.

Created in 1960 by the National Library Act, by the end of June 2019 its collection contained 7,717,579 items, with its manuscript material occupying 17,950 metres (58,890 ft) of shelf space. The NLA also hosts and manages the Trove cultural heritage discovery service, which includes access to the Australian Web Archive and National edeposit (NED), a large collection of digitised newspapers, official documents, manuscripts and images, as well as born-digital material.
Haile Selassie's speech to the League of Nations (1936)
On June 30th, 1936, Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia delivered a speech condemning Italian military aggression against Ethiopia, which had forced him into exile. The speech took place in League of Nations assembly in Geneva. The speech also denounced the Italian army's use of chemical weapons against the Ethiopian population.

Haile Selassie intervened by being the head of one of the member states of the international organization since September 28, 1923. On November 18, 1935, for attacking another member state, the League of Nations had already condemned Fascist Italy by imposing economic sanctions on it, which were approved by 50 states, with only Italy voting against and Austria, Hungary and Albania abstaining. The sanctions consisted of a ban on the export of Italian products abroad and prohibited Italy from importing raw materials, weapons and receiving credit.

Emperor of Ethiopia
The emperor of Ethiopia (Ge'ez: ንጉሠ ነገሥት, romanized: nəgusä nägäst, "King of Kings"), also known as the Atse (Amharic: ዐፄ, "emperor"), was the hereditary ruler of the Ethiopian Empire, from at least the 13th century until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. The emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country. A National Geographic article from 1965 called Imperial Ethiopia "nominally a constitutional monarchy; in fact it was a benevolent autocracy".
FIFA Street (2012 video game)
FIFA Street (also known as FIFA Street 4 and FIFA Street 2012) is a street football video game developed by EA Canada and published by EA Sports. It was released in March 2012 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles. It is the first such game in almost four years, and a reboot for the series. FIFA Street was developed by some of the same team behind FIFA 12, including creative director Gary Paterson, and uses the FIFA 12 game engine. Sid Misra, the line producer for FIFA Street, promised "the first true quality street football experience."

Street football (association football)
Street football or street soccer is an informal variation on the game of association football, typically played in outdoor urban settings such as streets, playgrounds and car parks. The term encompasses a variety of different formats, which do not necessarily follow the requirements of a formal game of football, such as a large field, field markings, goal apparatus and corner flags, eleven players per team, or match officials (referee and assistant referees). Often street football is played as a pick-up game, without fixed timing and with players joining and leaving at any point. Many renowned footballers stated that they learned to play football on the street, including the likes of Diego Maradona, Johan Cruyff, Pelé, Giuseppe Meazza, Éamon Dunphy, Eusebio, Dejan Savićević, and Cristiano Ronaldo, among others.
HMS Cyclops (1839)
HMS Cyclops was a paddle wheel steam frigate built for the Royal Navy and launched in 1839 and taken out of service in 1861 and sold for breaking in January 1864. She saw action in the Syrian War in 1840 and the Crimean War in 1854, later being involved in laying the first Transatlantic telegraph cable in 1858.

The Cyclops was a first class sloop launched on 10 July 1839 and completed in February 1840. Built in the Royal Navy dockyard in Pembroke Dock, Pembrokeshire in Wales with a wooden hull, she weighed 1,195 tons, had six guns and was propelled by a paddle in the middle of the ship powered by J. & S. Seaward and Capel two-cylinder 'Gorgon' engines giving a top speed of 9.5 knots. The Cyclops was originally intended as a sister ship for the Gorgon but in July 1838 her design was altered by adding a 12 foot long midships section and she became a steam frigate, changing to a corvette in the 1850s. At that time she was the largest steam warship in the world.

HMS Gorgon (1837)
HMS Gorgon was a wooden steam paddle sloop of 6 guns, launched in 1837. In 1840 she took part in the bombardment of Acre, and in 1843 was part of the Royal Navy squadron stationed in the River Plate during the Uruguayan Civil War. She was converted to a troopship and in 1858 assisted Agamemnon in the laying of the first transatlantic telegraph cable. She was sold for breaking in 1864.