hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Progressive Graphics File
PGF (Progressive Graphics File) is a wavelet-based bitmapped image format that employs lossless and lossy data compression. PGF was created to improve upon and replace the JPEG format. It was developed at the same time as JPEG 2000 but with a focus on speed over compression ratio.

PGF can operate at higher compression ratios without taking more encoding/decoding time and without generating the characteristic "blocky and blurry" artifacts of the original DCT-based JPEG standard. It also allows more sophisticated progressive downloads.

Quantization (image processing)
Quantization, involved in image processing, is a lossy compression technique achieved by compressing a range of values to a single quantum (discrete) value. When the number of discrete symbols in a given stream is reduced, the stream becomes more compressible. For example, reducing the number of colors required to represent a digital image makes it possible to reduce its file size. Specific applications include DCT data quantization in JPEG and DWT data quantization in JPEG 2000.
Blood for Dracula
Blood for Dracula is a 1974 horror film written and directed by Paul Morrissey, and starring Udo Kier, Joe Dallesandro, Maxime McKendry, Stefania Casini, Arno Juerging and Vittorio de Sica. Upon its initial 1974 release in West Germany and the United States, Blood for Dracula was released as Andy Warhol's Dracula.

The film involves Count Dracula arriving in Italy to feast upon the blood of virgins, only to find difficulty with this due to the lack of virgins present in Italy.

Filming began shortly after the completion of Flesh for Frankenstein. Italian director Antonio Margheriti is credited in Italian prints of the film despite not directing it. This misattribution led both producer Carlo Ponti and Margheriti to be put on trial for "continued and aggravated fraud against the state" by attempting to gain benefits by law for Italian films.

According to the American Film Institute, the film opened to mixed reviews.

Stefania Casini
Stefania Casini (born 4 September 1948) is an Italian actress, screenwriter, director, and producer. She appeared alongside Robert De Niro and Gérard Depardieu in Bernardo Bertolucci's 1900 (1976) and received two David di Donatello Award nominations for her work in the 1983 film Lontano da dove. In recent years she was also the visual inspiration for the comics version of Frank Wedekind's LULU adapted by John Linton Roberson. She once posed on Playboy.

Currently she is a famous director of documentaries.
Gharasarapa
Gharasarapa (The Lurking Serpent) (Sinhala: ඝරසරප  ) is a 2018 Sri Lankan Sinhala supernatural romantic horror film directed by Jayantha Chandrasiri and produced by Arjuna Kamalanath for Isuru Films. It stars Jackson Anthony, Kamal Addararachchi and Sangeetha Weeraratne in lead roles along with Sriyantha Mendis, Devnaka Porage and Kavindya Adikari. Music composed by Chintaka Jayakody. Kavindya Adikari, who is the daughter of popular singers Samitha Mudunkotuwa and Athula Adhikari make her debut cinema acting with the film.

The film was screened at the Tharangani Theatre at the National Film Corporation on 29 June 2018. The film was officially released on 10 August 2018. It is the 1310th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.

Sriyantha Mendis
Hiddadura Jude Neil Sriyantha Mendis (born 25 October 1957) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රියන්ත මෙන්ඩිස්), popularly as Sriyantha Mendis, is an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, theater and television. Highly versatile actor from drama to comedy, Mendis has received awards for the Best actor and Best supporting actor on multiple occasions at local award festivals. He and his spouse consistently aligned themselves with specific political parties and figures, notably throwing their support behind individuals like Mahinda Rajapakshe in the political arena.
Nazareth College, Melbourne
Nazareth College is an independent Roman Catholic comprehensive co-educational secondary day school, located in Noble Park North, a south eastern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Established in 1986, the college currently caters for approximately 800 students in Year 7 through to Year 12.

Noble Park North, Victoria
Noble Park North is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 25 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Greater Dandenong local government area. Noble Park North recorded a population of 7,436 at the 2021 census.

Noble Park North is bounded in the west by the edge of the Springvale Crematorium, in the north by Police Road, in the east by Bakers Road, Halton Road and Eastlink, and in the southwest by the Princes Highway.
L-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase
In enzymology, a L-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.22) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-ribulose 5-phosphate  L-xylulose 5-phosphate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, L-ribulose 5-phosphate, and one product, L-xylulose 5-phosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on carbohydrates and derivatives.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase. Other names in common use include L-xylulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase, UlaE, and SgaU.  This enzyme participates in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.

Epimerase and racemase
Epimerases and racemases are isomerase enzymes that catalyze the inversion of stereochemistry in biological molecules. 
Racemases catalyze the stereochemical inversion around the asymmetric carbon atom in a substrate having only one center of asymmetry. Epimerases catalyze the stereochemical inversion of the configuration about an asymmetric carbon atom in a substrate having more than one center of asymmetry, thus interconverting epimers.

Human epimerases include methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase, involved in the metabolic breakdown of the amino acids alanine, isoleucine, methionine and valine, and UDP-glucose 4-epimerase, which is used in the final step of galactose metabolism - catalyzing the reversible conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose.
Wu Lin Feng
Wu Lin Feng (simplified Chinese: 武林风; traditional Chinese: 武林風; pinyin: wǔlín fēng), also known as WLF, is a martial arts competition televised by Henan Television. It is the longest running martial arts program in China.

Since 2007 the competition has become more international in nature, bringing in more challengers from other countries and filming bouts abroad, including in Germany, New Zealand and in the United States. Participants have included K-1 fighters, mixed martial arts professionals, Muay Thai fighters and wushu and sanda practitioners. In 2013, it was ranked among the top 100 most viewed satellite and cable television programs in China.

It has a partnership with Golden Fighter Championship (GFC) of Romania since 2017.

Henan Television
Henan Television, (Chinese: 河南电视台) commonly abbreviated as HNTV, a provincial television broadcaster is headquartered in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan province, China.

Because the logo of Henan Television resembles an elephant, viewers refer to it as "Elephant Television", and the official website of Henan Television Channel is called "Elephant Network".
Imtiaz Qureshi
Imtiaz Qureshi (2 February 1931 – 16 February 2024) was an Indian chef known for reviving the Dum Pukht cooking tradition and creating restaurant brands including Bukhara and Dum Pukht. He was a master chef at ITC Hotels, an Indian luxury hotel chain. Qureshi is credited with the popularisation of Awadhi cuisine with some of his popular dishes including Dal Bukhara, Dum Pukht Biryani, Kakori Kebab, Warqi Paratha, and Garlic Kheer.

2016 Qureshi received the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian honour, for his culinary contributions. He was the first chef to win this award in this category.

Tarla Dalal
Tarla Dalal (3 June 1936 – 6 November 2013) was an Indian food writer, chef,  cookbook author and host of cooking shows. Her first cook book, The Pleasures of Vegetarian Cooking, was published in 1974. Since then, she wrote over 100 books and sold more than 10 million copies. She also ran the largest Indian food web site, and published a bi-monthly magazine, Cooking & More. Her cooking shows included  The  Tarla Dalal Show and Cook It Up With Tarla Dalal. Her recipes were published in about 25 magazines and tried in an estimated 120 million Indian homes.

Though she wrote about many cuisines and healthy cooking, she specialized in vegetarian Indian cuisine, particularly Gujarati cuisine. She was awarded the Padma Shri by Government of India in 2007, which made her the first Indian woman from the field of culinary arts to have been conferred the title. She was also awarded Woman of the Year by Indian Merchants' Chamber in 2005.

She died on 6 November 2013 following a heart attack.
Kenneth Jennings (conductor)
Kenneth L. Jennings (May 13, 1925 – August 20, 2015) was an American choral conductor and composer. He was the Harry R. and Thora Helseth Tosdal Professor of Music Emeritus and Director Emeritus of the St. Olaf Choir. He was a published arranger, composer, and choral music educator.

Olaf Christiansen
Olaf C. Christiansen (August 12, 1901 – April 12, 1984) was an American composer, professor, and conductor in the Lutheran choral tradition. He succeeded his father as the second conductor of the St. Olaf Choir, which he led for 27 years.
Janice Morley-Lecomte
Janice Morley-Lecomte is a Canadian provincial politician, who was elected as the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba for the riding of Seine River in the 2016 election. She is a member of the Progressive Conservative party, and defeated NDP challenger Lise Pinkos in the election. She was re-elected in the 2019 provincial election, and defeated in 2023 by Billie Cross.

In 2025, Morley-Lecomte won the Conservative Party of Canada nomination for Winnipeg South in the 2025 Canadian federal election. She would later be defeated by Liberal incumbent, Terry Duguid.

Billie Cross
Billie Cross is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 2023 Manitoba general election. She represents the district of Seine River as a member of the New Democratic Party of Manitoba.

Prior to her election, she worked as a teacher with the Louis Riel School Division, which serves schools in southeast Winnipeg. She also co-owns a butcher shop with her husband. Her mother's family is Métis and her father's family is of Ukrainian descent.
Rebecca Lange
Rebecca Ann Lange is a professor of experimental petrology, magmatism and volcanism at the University of Michigan. Her research investigates how magmatism has shaped the evolution of the Earth, as well as the formation of continental crust. She is a Fellow of the Mineralogical Society of America and was awarded the F.W. Clarke Medal in 1995.

Volcanism
Volcanism, vulcanism, volcanicity, or volcanic activity is the phenomenon where solids, liquids, gases, and their mixtures erupt to the surface of a solid-surface astronomical body such as a planet or a moon. It is caused by the presence of a heat source, usually internally generated, inside the body; the heat is generated by various processes, such as radioactive decay or tidal heating. This heat partially melts solid material in the body or turns material into gas. The mobilized material rises through the body's interior and may break through the solid surface.
Romain Métanire
Romain Métanire (born 28 March 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a defenderfor Spokane Velocity. He has previously played for Minnesota United FC, French clubs FC Metz, Stade de Reims (with whom he won Ligue 2 in 2017–18), and Belgian club KV Kortrijk. Born in France, he plays for the Madagascar national team.

FC Metz
Football Club de Metz (French pronunciation: [mɛs] ⓘ) is a French association football club based in Metz, Lorraine. The club was formed in 1932 and plays in Ligue 1, the highest division in the French football league system, for the 2025–26 season following their promotion from the second division in the 2024–2025 season. They play their home matches at Stade Saint-Symphorien located within the city. The team is currently managed by Benoît Tavenot. Despite never winning the top flight, they have won the Coupe de France twice and the Coupe de la Ligue twice.
Plaice
Plaice is a common name for a group of flatfish that comprises four species: the European, American, Alaskan and scale-eye plaice.

Commercially, the most important plaice is the European. The principal commercial flatfish in Europe, it is also widely fished recreationally, has potential as an aquaculture species, and is kept as an aquarium fish. The American plaice is also commercially important.

The term plaice (plural plaice) comes from the 14th-century Anglo-French plais. This in turn comes from the late Latin platessa, meaning flatfish, which originated from the Ancient Greek platys, meaning broad.

Scale-eye plaice
The scale-eye plaice (Acanthopsetta nadeshnyi) is a species of flatfish in the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives at depths from between 18 metres (59 ft) to 900 metres (3,000 ft). It can reach 46 centimetres (18 in) in length and can weigh up to 1.2 kilograms (2.6 lb). Its native habitat is the northern Pacific, primarily from the Sea of Okhotsk to Japan and Korea, though it is also found in the Bering Sea.
The Illusionists (play)
The Illusionists is a 1955 stage play by Morris West about an advertising agent who longs to paint. It was a verse drama, like his later play The Heretic. West had just sold his radio company and begun writing novels.

The play was highly commended in the 1955 playwriting competition from the Playwrights' Advisory Board that was won by Summer of the Seventeenth Doll and The Torrents. (Others highly commended were Flood, Hoad of Moluka, Cornerstone and We Find the Bunyip. There had been 130 entries.)

We Find the Bunyip
We Find the Bunyip is a 1955 Australian play by Ray Mathew. It is a comedy set in an Australian country pub.

It was highly commended in a competition from the Playwrights' Advisory Board that was won by Summer of the Seventeenth Doll and The Torrents. The play was produced at Sydney's Independent Theatre in a production sponsored by the Elizabethan Theatre Trust. The Sydney Morning Herald praised its humour and observation through criticised the lack of story.

The Bulletin praised the script as "lively, comic, full of love and grog, possibly a bit squalid, but with an underlying or pervading atmosphere of poetry."
Under Two Flags (1936 film)
Under Two Flags is a 1936 American adventure romance film directed by Frank Lloyd and starring Ronald Colman, Claudette Colbert, Victor McLaglen, and Rosalind Russell. The picture was based on the 1867 novel of the same name by the writer Ouida. The film was widely popular with audiences of its time. The supporting cast features Nigel Bruce, John Carradine, and Fritz Leiber.

The novel was previously adapted for the screen in 1916 starring Theda Bara and 1922 directed  by Tod Browning.

Fritz Leiber (actor)
Fritz Reuter Leiber Sr. (/ˈlaɪbər/ LY-bər; January 31, 1882 – October 14, 1949) was an American actor. A Shakespearean actor on stage, he also had a successful career in film. He was the father of science fiction and fantasy writer Fritz Leiber Jr., who was also an actor for a time.
Decapping complex
The mRNA decapping complex is a protein complex in eukaryotic cells responsible for removal of the 5' cap.  The active enzyme of the decapping complex is the bilobed Nudix family enzyme Dcp2, which hydrolyzes 5' cap and releases 7mGDP and a 5'-monophosphorylated mRNA. This decapped mRNA is inhibited for translation and will be degraded by exonucleases. The core decapping complex is conserved in eukaryotes. Dcp2 is activated by Decapping Protein 1 (Dcp1) and in higher eukaryotes joined by the scaffold protein VCS. Together with many other accessory proteins, the decapping complex assembles in P-bodies in the cytoplasm.

Five-prime cap
In molecular biology, the five-prime cap (5′ cap) is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA. This process, known as mRNA capping, is highly regulated and vital in the creation of stable and mature messenger RNA able to undergo translation during protein synthesis. Mitochondrial mRNA and chloroplastic mRNA are not capped.
Kim Young-ho (cinematographer)
Kim Young-ho (Korean: 김영호; born 1970) is a South Korean cinematographer.  Kim's filmography spans a wide variety of genres, including epic period drama, comedy, science fiction, and contemporary drama. Kim pioneered the use of advanced filming techniques using Hollywood filming equipment to create stylish images that are hard to see in Korean films at that time.

Kim has collaborated with numerous well-known and acclaimed filmmakers, including Kim Sung-su, Kang Je-gyu, and  Kim Yong-hwa. Kim is a frequent collaborator of director Park Hoon-jung, having worked together on numerous projects including the films The Showdown (2011), V.I.P. (2017), The Witch: Part 1. The Subversion (2018), Night in Paradise (2021), The Witch: Part 2. The Other One (2022), as well as Park's first OTT drama series The Tyrant (2024).

His best-known works include Kang Je-gyu's film Tidal Wave (2009), Won Shin-yun's film The Battle: Roar to Victory (2019).

Won Shin-yun
Won Shin-yun (Korean: 원신연; born October 1969) is a South Korean film director. Won has the unique background of having been a stuntman before making his directorial horror film debut The Wig (2005). He filmed a series of thrillers, including A Bloody Aria (2006), Seven Days (2007), The Suspect (2013) and Memoir of a Murderer (2017). The Suspect was a  box office hit with over 4.1 million admissions.
Mid Fife and Glenrothes
Mid Fife and Glenrothes is a county constituency of the Scottish Parliament covering part of the council area of Fife.  Under the additional-member electoral system used for elections to the Scottish Parliament, it elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the plurality (first past the post) method of election. It also forms one of the nine constituencies in the Mid Scotland and Fife electoral region, which elects seven additional members, in addition to the nine constituency MSPs, to produce a form of proportional representation for the region as a whole. Created in 2011, the constituency comprises most of the previous Central Fife constituency which was abolished for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election.

The seat has been held by Jenny Gilruth of the Scottish National Party since the 2016 Scottish Parliament election.

Mid Scotland and Fife (Scottish Parliament electoral region)
Mid Scotland and Fife is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament which were created in 1999. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs.

The Mid Scotland and Fife region shares boundaries with the Central Scotland and Lothians West, Highlands and Islands, North East Scotland and West Scotland regions, and is connected with the Edinburgh and Lothians East region by bridges across the Firth of Forth.
Bryant Salmon
Harold Bryant Salmon (1891-1965) was a British Church of England priest, most notably Archdeacon of Wells from 1951 to 1962.

Higgins was educated at Haileybury; and Jesus College, Cambridge. During World War I he was a Lieutenant in the Royal Garrison Artillery. He was ordained deacon in 1919; and priest in 1920. His first post was as curate at St George Barrow in Furness., and his second as Vice Principal of Wells Theological College. After another curacy at St Mary Redcliffe, Bristol he was Vicar of St Michael, Windmill Hill, Bristol then Holy Trinity, Southport. He was Principal of Wells Theological College from 1931 to 1947; and Rector of Weston-Super-Mare from 1947 to 1951. He had a long association with Wells Cathedral:Prebendary of Taunton from 1930 to 1951; Chancellor  from 1935 to 1947, and Sub-Dean from 1947 to 1951; Canon Residentiary from 1931 to 1947, and then again from 1951 to 1962; and Prebendary of Huish and Brent from 1951 to 1962.

He died on 2 November 1965.

Principal (academia)
The principal is the chief executive and the chief academic officer of a university or college in certain parts of the Commonwealth.

In the United States, the principal is the head of school at most pre-university, non-boarding schools.
Spair Flight 3601
Spair Flight 3601 (PAR-3601) was a cargo flight between Yekaterinburg, Russia, and Malta International Airport, Malta. On 19 August 1996, the aircraft crashed into a corn field 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) northeast of Belgrade International Airport's runway in Yugoslavia, killing all 11 people on board.

Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport
Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport (Serbian: Аеродром Никола Тесла Београд / Aerodrom Nikola Tesla Beograd) or Belgrade Airport (Serbian: Аеродром Београд / Aerodrom Beograd) (IATA: BEG, ICAO: LYBE) is an international airport serving Belgrade, Serbia. It is the largest and the busiest airport in Serbia, situated 18 km (11 mi) west of downtown Belgrade near the suburb of Surčin, surrounded by fertile lowlands. It is operated by Vinci Airports (subsidiary of the French conglomerate Vinci) and is named after Serbian-American inventor Nikola Tesla (1856–1943).

The flag carrier and the largest airline of Serbia, Air Serbia, uses Belgrade Nikola Tesla as its hub. It is also one of the many operating bases for low-cost airline Wizz Air. The air taxi services Air Pink, Eagle Express and Prince Aviation also call the airport their home.
William Kuinka
William Kuinka (January 28, 1916 – April 7, 2008) was a Canadian mandolinist, bassist, guitarist, and educator. During his 1951–1952 season with the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, he became known as a member of the Symphony Six, a group of six musicians under contract to the orchestra who were denied entry to the United States for a concert tour under suspicion of leftist activities.

Toronto Symphony Orchestra
The Toronto Symphony Orchestra (TSO) is a Canadian orchestra based in Toronto, Ontario. Founded in 1906, the TSO gave regular concerts at Massey Hall until 1982, and since then has performed at Roy Thomson Hall. The TSO also manages the Toronto Symphony Youth Orchestra (TSYO). Peter Oundjian was the music director from 2004 to 2018. Sir Andrew Davis, conductor laureate of the TSO, was the orchestra's interim artistic director from 2018 to 2020. Gustavo Gimeno has been the music director of the TSO since the 2020–2021 season.
Catching the Sun (film)
Catching the Sun is a 2015 documentary film on the growth of the solar power industry that premiered on Netflix in April, 2016. Directed by Shalini Kantayya, the film features portraits of diverse personalities and their roles in the transition to solar power. Unemployed workers in Richmond, California, businessmen in China, Tea Party activists, and a would-be White House adviser are all featured in the film. The film debunks a false dilemma that clean energy requires sacrificing economic prosperity.

Richmond, California
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city was incorporated on August 3, 1905, and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, Richmond borders San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.

Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, that sits on the shores of both San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. Its population was 116,448 as of the 2020 United States census making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond after Richmond, Virginia.