hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Etymology of Curitiba
This article deals with the etymology of the name of the city of Curitiba, capital of the Brazilian state of Paraná.

The meaning of Curitiba is well-established among scholars. It signifies "pinhal" or "pinheiral" (lit. 'pine forest'  or 'pine grove'), reflecting the landscape that surrounds the city. The primary subject of debate lies in the language of origin of this toponym. Aryon Rodrigues, in an academic article, argues that it ultimately derives from Old Guarani, albeit exhibiting significant influences from the General Language spoken by mestiços originating from São Paulo or Rio de Janeiro. Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, while concurring with Rodrigues regarding the meaning, specifies this language as the Paulista General Language.

Eduardo de Almeida Navarro
Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (born 20 February 1962) is a Brazilian philologist and lexicographer, specialist in Old Tupi and Nheengatu. He is a full professor at the University of São Paulo, where he has been teaching Old Tupi since 1993, and Nheengatu since 2009. Eduardo Navarro is also the author of the books Método moderno de tupi antigo (Modern Method of Old Tupi), 1998, and Dicionário de tupi antigo (Dictionary of Old Tupi), 2013, important works on the Tupi language.
Miss Grand Serbia
Miss Grand Serbia is a national beauty pageant title awarded to Serbian representatives chosen to compete at the Miss Grand International pageant. It was first awarded in 2013 to Milica Stojsavljević, the winner of Miss Photo Model of Balkan 2013, and the second to Maja Smiljković, a geography student who received the title after participating in the Miss Serbia 2017 contest.

As of 2017, the license of Miss Grand Serbia belonged to the organizer of Miss Serbia pageant, Vesna de Vinča.

Since the establishment of Miss Grand International, Serbia sent its representatives to compete only twice; in 2013 and 2017, both representatives received non-placements.

Miss Grand International
Miss Grand International, also known as Miss Grand, is an international beauty pageant franchise that is based in Thailand. It consists of the annual national pageant Miss Grand Thailand, as well as the international competition Miss Grand International, to which participating rights are licensed to organizers in other countries. The franchise has been owned and run by a Thai stock exchange-listed company with the same name, also known as MGI PCL, since its inception in 2013, with Nawat Itsaragrisil as the president.

The current Miss Grand International is Emma Mary Tiglao of the Philippines. Her title marked the first back-to-back victory in Miss Grand International history.
Zach Rey
Zach Rey (born March 27, 1989) is an American former wrestler. He competed for Lehigh Valley Athletic Club and represented the United States at the 2015 World Wrestling Championships at 125 kg in freestyle wrestling.

2015 World Wrestling Championships
The 2015 UWW World Wrestling Championships were the 12th edition of World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held from September 7 to 12 at Orleans Arena in Paradise, Nevada, in the Las Vegas Valley, United States.
William J. Tobin
William J. Tobin is an American entrepreneur, inventor, and business owner known for founding ten different startups since 1968, and securing 15 different patents for products and software. Among the companies he founded and was CEO and director of marketing of are PC Flowers, Inc. from 1988, Instruments of Sweden, and Concept Industries, Inc. He was named an "Entrepreneur of the Year" by Inc. Magazine and in 2011 published the memoir and business tutorial Confessions of a Compulsive Entrepreneur and Inventor.

Inc. (magazine)
Inc. is an American business media company founded in 1979 and based in New York City. Inc. publishes several print magazine issues per year, and is anchored by journalistic content online and on social media, focused on entrepreneurship and related news. Inc. also produces several live and virtual events yearly, including the Inc. 5000 conference.

Owned by Mansueto Ventures, Inc. is best known for its annual rankings of the fastest-growing privately held companies in the United States, called the "Inc. 5000" as well as its Best in Business, Female Founders, and Best Workplaces awards.
2022 O'Reilly Auto Parts 150 at Mid-Ohio
The 2022 O'Reilly Auto Parts 150 at Mid-Ohio was the 15th stock car race of the 2022 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, and the first iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, July 9, 2022, in Lexington, Ohio at Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course, a 2.400 miles (3.862 km) permanent road course. The race took it's scheduled 67 laps to complete. After an exciting battle with 3 laps to go, Parker Kligerman, driving for Henderson Motorsports, held off Zane Smith for his third career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win, and his first of the season. Kligerman would also dominate the race in general, leading 56 laps. To fill out the podium, Carson Hocevar, driving for Niece Motorsports, would finish in 3rd, respectively.

This was the debut race for Trey Burke, Connor Mosack, Kenko Miura, and Stephen Mallozzi.

Zane Smith
Zane Michael Smith (born June 9, 1999) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 38 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for Front Row Motorsports. He is the 2022 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series champion, a title he earned while driving for FRM.

Smith previously competed full-time in the Craftsman Truck Series for GMS Racing, finishing as the championship runner-up in both 2020 and 2021. Earlier in his career, he also finished second in the 2018 ARCA Racing Series standings while driving for MDM Motorsports. Additionally, he has made part-time appearances in the NASCAR Xfinity Series with JR Motorsports and in Stadium Super Trucks.
Alabama State Route 143
State Route 143 (SR 143) is a 28.598-mile-long (46.024 km) north–south state highway in the central part of the U.S. state of Alabama, extending north from Interstate 65 (I-65) and U.S. Route 82 (US 82) northwest of Montgomery to US 31 near Clanton. It parallels I-65, traveling through Millbrook, Elmore, and Deatsville.

U.S. Route 82 in Alabama
U.S. Route 82 in Alabama runs northwest to southeast across the northwestern and central Alabama for 240.080 miles (386.371 km). The route enters from Mississippi east of Columbus, Mississippi and exits into Georgia across the Chattahoochee River at Eufaula.
Grob G 116
The Grob G 116 was a civil utility aircraft developed in Germany in the late 1980s. It was an enlarged and more powerful four-seat version of the two-seat Grob G 115. Like its predecessor, it was a conventional low-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed tricycle undercarriage. Also like the G 115, construction throughout was of composite materials.

Grob commenced displaying a highly realistic mock-up of the design in 1987, and a prototype flew the following year. However, by 1989 the firm became uncertain about the commercial viability of the aircraft in the face of heavy competition in the four-seat sector, and the project was first postponed and finally cancelled.

Grob G 115
The Grob G 115 is a general aviation fixed-wing aircraft, primarily used for flight training.  It is built in Germany by Grob Aircraft (Grob Aerospace before January 2009).  The E variant with a 3-blade variable pitch propeller is in service with the Finnish Air Force, the Royal Navy and Army Air Corps for Flying Grading (a pre-EFT flying course) and in the Royal Air Force as part of No. 6 Flying Training School (6 FTS) which provides flying to both University Air Squadrons and Air Experience Flights to Cadets of the Royal Air Force Air Cadets.  As of 2020, the Tutor is still being used by the RAF for some Elementary Flying Training (3FTS) but is due to be phased out in favour of its replacement, the more advanced Prefect T1.
17α-Dihydroequilin
17α-Dihydroequilin, or α-dihydroequilin, also known as 7-dehydro-17α-estradiol, as well as estra-1,3,5(10),7-tetraene-3,17α-diol, is a naturally occurring steroidal estrogen found in horses which is closely related to equilin, equilenin, and 17α-estradiol. The compound, as the 3-sulfate ester sodium salt, is present in conjugated estrogens (Premarin), a pharmaceutical extract of the urine of pregnant mares, and is the third highest quantity constituent in the formulation (13.8%). The compound has been studied clinically.

Equilenin
Equilenin, also known as 6,8-didehydroestrone, as well as estra-1,3,5(10),6,8-pentaen-3-ol-17-one, is a naturally occurring steroidal estrogen obtained from the urine of pregnant mares. It is used as one of the components in conjugated estrogens (brand name Premarin). It was the first complex natural product to be fully synthesized, in work reported by 1940 by Bachmann and Wilds.
1961–62 in Belgian football
The 1961–62 season was the 59th season of competitive football in Belgium. RCS Anderlechtois won their 9th Division I title. Standard Liège entered the 1961–62 European Champion Clubs' Cup as Belgian title holder and became the first Belgian club to reach the semifinals of this competition. RU Saint-Gilloise entered the 1961–62 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. The Belgium national football team finished their unsuccessful 1962 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign with a loss and played 7 friendly matches (5 wins, 2 losses).

1961–62 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup
The fourth Inter-Cities Fairs Cup was played over the 1961–62 season. There were five representative teams for some major European cities, three of which lost out in the first round. The final was the first European final to be contested between two clubs from the same country, namely Spain. Valencia beat Barcelona 7–3 over two legs, and also reached the next two finals in the competition.
MALBATT: Misi Bakara
MALBATT: Misi Bakara (English: MALBATT: Bakara Mission) is a 2023 Malaysian war film directed, produced and screenplay by Adrian Teh. This film stars Bront Palarae, Shaheizy Sam, Hairul Azreen, Zahiril Adzim, Iedil Dzuhrie Alaudin, Adlin Aman Ramlie, Fauzi Nawawi, Tony Eusoff, Syazwan Zulkifly, Dafi Ismail Sabri, Taufiq Hanafi, Nafiez Zaidi, Dini Schatzmann, Gambit Saifullah, Theebaan G, Safwan Nazri and Ikhram Juhari. It is based on the true story of a Malaysian military operation to help rescue US Rangers trapped in a civil war in Somalia in 1993. The film was released on 24 August 2023 in Malaysia and Singapore.

PASKAL: The Movie
PASKAL: The Movie is a 2018 Malaysian war drama film directed by Adrian Teh and produced by Asia Tropical Films. It stars Hairul Azreen, Jasmine Suraya Chin, and Tiger Chen. It was inspired by the elite Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) force named PASKAL (Pasukan Khas Laut). With a budget of RM10 million (US$2.4 million), PASKAL: The Movie is one of the most expensive Malaysian film ever made.

Filming began in Kuala Lumpur from March to May 2018; its official premiere was on 27 September 2018. The film received positive critical reviews and it netted an overall profit of more than RM30 million across Malaysia and Singapore, making it one of the highest-grossing local films in Malaysia, following Munafik 2 and Hantu Kak Limah. In December 2018, PASKAL was listed by the local Malaysian newspaper Harian Metro as among the top 10 local films in Malaysian history.
Madvillainy 2
Madvillainy 2 is the upcoming second studio album by Madvillain, an American hip-hop duo consisting of the rapper MF Doom and the producer Madlib. The duo began work shortly after the release of Madvillainy (2004), but it remained unreleased after Doom died in 2020. In 2023, Madlib said he intended to finish it. It is set to be released by Stones Throw Records, though it has no release date.

Madvillain
Madvillain was an American hip-hop supergroup formed in 2002, consisting of rapper MF Doom and producer Madlib. Their only album, Madvillainy (2004), earned critical acclaim and cult popularity, widely regarded as one of the greatest rap albums of all time and a benchmark record for alternative hip-hop. Their intricate rhymes and lyrics, short song structures and use of obscure, stylistically diverse samples made for a sound that was generally unfriendly to commercial radio but was lauded for its influence on underground rap. A follow-up album to Madvillainy was rumored to be in production at various times since the late 2000s, but no further original material has surfaced from the duo since 2010, and MF Doom's death in 2020 has left the future of the project uncertain.
Mennonite Publishing Company
The Mennonite Publishing Company was a publishing agency in Elkhart, Indiana, operating primarily from 1875 to 1908, which under John F. Funk served as the main source of published material for the (old) Mennonite Church. The Mennonite Publishing Company was the third and final agency through which Funk published a great deal of historical and denominational Mennonite texts and periodicals, having previously published as "John F. Funk" from 1864 to 1869 and "John F. Funk and Brother" from 1869 to 1874.

Elkhart, Indiana
Elkhart (/ˈɛlkɑːrt/ EL-kart) is a city in Elkhart County, Indiana, United States. The population was 53,923 at the 2020 census. The city is located 15 miles (24 km) east of South Bend, Indiana. It is the most populous city in the  Elkhart–Goshen metropolitan area, which in turn is part of the South Bend–Elkhart–Mishawaka combined statistical area, in a region commonly known as Michiana.
Wroughton
Wroughton is a large village and civil parish in northeast Wiltshire, England. It is part of the Borough of Swindon and lies along the A4361 between Swindon and Avebury; the road into Swindon crosses the M4 motorway between junctions 15 and 16. The village is about 3.2 miles (5.1 km) south of Swindon town centre on the edge of the Marlborough Downs, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The town of Marlborough is about 11 miles (18 km) to the south, and the World Heritage Site at Avebury is about 7 miles (11 km) to the south.

The parish includes North Wroughton, formerly a small settlement on the road towards Swindon but now part of the built-up area; and the hamlets of Elcombe and Overtown.

Broad Hinton
Broad Hinton is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Swindon. The parish includes the hamlets of Uffcott and The Weir. It shares a grouped parish council with the neighbouring parish of Winterbourne Bassett. In 2011 the parish had a population of 650.
Kelvin J. Cochran
Kelvin J. Cochran (born January 23, 1960) is an author, public speaker, former administrator of the United States Fire Administration, and former Fire Chief of Atlanta Fire Department. He was fired from the Atlanta fire department after he wrote a book for members of his church expressing conservative views on sexuality, adultery, and homosexuality.

Atlanta Fire Rescue Department
The Atlanta Fire Rescue Department is the fire department of the City of Atlanta and provides fire protection and first responder emergency medical services to the city of Atlanta, Georgia. The department is responsible for an area of 132.6 square miles (343 km2) with over 519,000 residents. As of January 21, 2021, the Fire Chief is Roderick M. Smith.
Step You/Is This Love?
"Step You"/"Is This Love?" is the 35th single released by Ayumi Hamasaki. It was a double a-side single released on April 20, 2005. "Step You"/"Is This Love?" was the first single released by Ayumi Hamasaki in 2005. "Step you"/"is this Love?" was the best-selling solo single of 2005 by a female artist until September 2005, when Mika Nakashima's "Glamorous Sky" outsold it. The DVD featured 3 PVs, including one for "Step You", "Is This Love?", and also for "My Name's Women" from Hamasaki's 2004 album, My Story. Chiharu and Etsu from TRF were featured alongside Ayu in the PV. The "My Name's Women" PV is currently the second most expensive music video by a Japanese artist, behind Hamasaki's "Fairyland" PV. To date, the single has sold over 345,000 copies, making it her best-selling single of 2005.

Glamorous Sky
"Glamorous Sky" is Mika Nakashima's 16th single overall, her 1st under the name Nana starring Mika Nakashima, and the second most successful single in her career after "Stars". It is her first rock song and it was used as one of the image songs for the film Nana (as one of the bands Black Stones' song). Hyde of L'Arc-en-Ciel composed "Glamorous Sky". The second and third B-sides, "Blood" and "Isolation" were used as CM songs for Kate cosmetics. Mika Nakashima graces the cover of the single as Nana Osaki.

The song is featured as a cover by a jrock band, Girugamesh, in the Konami music games, BEMANI for DrumMania V3 and GuitarFreaks V3, as well as the iNiS rhythm game Moero! Nekketsu Rhythm Damashii Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan 2. Hyde, the composer of this track, also released a version in 2018.
George Gainer
George Gainer is an American politician who served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate from 2016 until 2022. He represented the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016.

Florida Senate
The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.

The Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is held by an independent, and one seat is vacant.
FBI: Most Wanted season 3
The third season of the American police procedural television series FBI: Most Wanted premiered on September 21, 2021, on CBS, for the 2021–22 television season, and ended on May 24, 2022. The season premiered with a crossover event with FBI and new spin-off series FBI: International. The season contained 22 episodes.

FBI: Most Wanted focuses on the work of FBI's New York Fugitive Task Force, which relentlessly tracks and captures the notorious and dangerous criminals on the FBI's Most Wanted list. The season marked the departures of series regulars Julian McMahon as Team Leader Jess LaCroix, Kellan Lutz as Kenny Crosby, YaYa Gosselin as Tali LaCroix, and Miguel Gomez as Ivan Ortiz. Dylan McDermott and Alexa Davalos joined the cast as Remy Scott, Jess's replacement as Team Leader, and Kristin Gaines.

Kellan Lutz
Kellan Christopher Lutz (born March 15, 1985) is an American actor, martial artist and model. He made his film debut in Stick It (2006), and is best known for playing Emmett Cullen in The Twilight Saga film series (2008–2012). He has since played Poseidon in the 2011 film Immortals, voiced the title character in the 2013 animated film Tarzan, also played John Smilee in The Expendables 3 (2014), and Hercules in The Legend of Hercules (2014). He co-starred in the CBS action thriller series FBI: Most Wanted (2020–2021).
Miss Polski 2020
Miss Polski 2020 was the 31st Miss Polski pageant, held on January 17, 2021. The winner was Anna Maria Jaromin of Silesia. Jaromin was originally supposed to represent Poland in Miss Supranational 2021 but withdrew due to the Miss Polski Organization having other plans for Jaromin at other international contests, mainly Miss International 2022. The 1st Runner-up, Natalia Balicka of Upper Poland, replaced her and represented the country at Miss Supranational. This years pageant was originally slated for December 2020 but was post-poned to January 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Miss Polski 2018
Miss Polski 2018 was the 29th Miss Polski pageant, held on December 9, 2018. The winner was Olga Buława of West Pomerania and she represented Poland in Miss Universe 2019. 1st Runner-Up Karina Szczepanek represented Poland at Miss International 2019.
James J. Walker (American football)
James J. Walker (May 13, 1918 – October 1, 1975) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Central State University in Wilberforce, Ohio, from 1957 to 1964 and 1967 to 1971.

Born in Macon, Georgia, Walker graduated Washington High School in South Bend, Indiana, before attending the University of Iowa, where he played football for the Iowa Hawkeyes under head coach Eddie Anderson.  After service in the United States Coast Guard during World War II and two years playing professional football with the Oakland Giants, Walker joined the coaching staff at Central State as an assistant to Gaston F. Lewis before succeeding Lewis as head football coach in 1957.  He was also an assistant professor in the Department of Health and Physical Education at Central State and briefly coached the school's baseball team.  Walker died on October 1, 1975, at Green Memorial Hospital, in Xenia, Ohio, following a brief illness.

Gaston F. Lewis
Gaston Frederick "Country" 'Lewis (August 4, 1903 – November 28, 1989) was an American Negro league baseball player and a college football, college basketball, track, and cross country coach. He served as the head football coach at Alabama State University (1929–1933), Wilberforce University (1934, 1938–1946), and Central State University in Wilberforce, Ohio (1947–1956).
2025–26 East Asia Super League
The 2025–26 East Asia Super League is the third regular season of the East Asia Super League, an international basketball club competition involving teams from Hong Kong, Japan, Macau, Mongolia, South Korea, Philippines and Taiwan. The season began on 8 October 2025 and ends on 22 March 2026.

The top performing EASL teams representing B.League, Korean Basketball League and the Philippine Basketball Association will secure direct qualification to 2026 Basketball Champions League Asia.

B.League
The B.League is a men's professional basketball league in Japan. The league is operated by the Japan Professional Basketball League and was formed as a result of a merger between the National Basketball League that was operated by the FIBA-affiliated Japan Basketball Association and the independently operated bj league. The merger had been mandated by FIBA as a condition to Japan having its membership resumed following suspension in November 2014. The league began play in September 2016.
Tapia Adobe
Tapia Adobe was the home of Tiburcio Tapia (1789–1845). Tiburcio Tapia was a Mexican soldier, politician, then became a merchant, winery owner and ranch owner, in what is now Cucamonga, California. The place of Tapia Adobe (home) was designated a California Historic Landmark (No.360) on October 9, 1939. Tiburcio Tapía received the land to build his Adobe and Rancho Cucamonga from a 1839 13,045-acre (52.79 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day San Bernardino County, California The land grant was from Mexican governor Juan Bautista Alvarado. The grant formed parts of present-day Rancho Cucamonga and Upland. It extended easterly from San Antonio Creek to what is now Hermosa Avenue, and from today's Eighth Street to the mountains.

Rancho Cucamonga, California
Rancho Cucamonga (/ˌræntʃoʊ kuːkəˈmʌŋɡə/ RAN-choh KOO-kə-MUNG-gə) is a city located just south of the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains and Angeles National Forest in San Bernardino County, California, United States. About 37 mi (60 km) east of Downtown Los Angeles, Rancho Cucamonga is the 28th most populous city in California. The city's seal, which centers on a cluster of grapes, alludes to the city's agricultural history including wine-making. The city's proximity to major transportation hubs, airports, and highways has attracted the business of several large corporations, including Coca-Cola, Frito-Lay, Big Lots, Mercury Insurance Group, Southern California Edison, and Amphastar Pharmaceuticals.

The city had a population of 174,453 according to the 2020 United States census.

The Jack Benny Program popularized the city's name, in particular the word "Cucamonga".