hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Financial innovation
Financial innovation is the act of creating new financial instruments as well as new financial technologies, institutions, and markets. Recent financial innovations include hedge funds, private equity, weather derivatives, retail-structured products, exchange-traded funds, multi-family offices, and Islamic bonds (Sukuk). The shadow banking system has spawned an array of financial innovations including mortgage-backed securities products and collateralized debt obligations (CDOs).

There are three categories of innovation: institutional, product, and process. Institutional innovations relate to the creation of new types of financial firms such as specialist credit card firms, investment consulting firms and related services, and direct banks. Product innovation relates to new products such as derivatives, securitization, and foreign currency mortgages. Process innovations relate to new ways of doing financial business, including online banking and telephone banking.

Financial technology
Financial technology (abbreviated as fintech) refers to the application of innovative technologies to products and services in the financial industry. This broad term encompasses a wide array of technological advances in financial services, including mobile banking, online lending platforms, digital payment systems, robo-advisors, and blockchain-based applications such as cryptocurrencies. Financial technology companies include both startups and established technology and financial firms that aim to improve, complement, or replace traditional financial services.
Kistin Gorge
Kistin Gorge (Ingush: Кистий чӀож, romanized: Kistiy ch'ozh) or Armkhi Gorge (Ingush: Ӏарамхий чӀож, romanized: 'Aramkhiy ch'ozh) is a gorge of the Armkhi River in the Dzheyrakhsky District of the Republic of Ingushetia. The name of the gorge comes from the historical name of the river Armkhi – Kistinka, which in turn comes from one of the ethnonyms of the Ingush – Kists. Historically, the area where the gorge is located was called "Kistetia". It is mentioned in medieval Georgian sources, in particular, in the work of Vakhushti Bagrationi.

Prince Vakhushti of Kartli
Vakhushti (Georgian: ვახუშტი; c. 1696 – 1757) was a Georgian royal prince (batonishvili), geographer, historian and cartographer. His principal historical and geographic works, Description of the Kingdom of Georgia and the Geographical Atlas, were inscribed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2013.
2018 Suruga Bank Championship
The 2018 Suruga Bank Championship (Japanese: スルガ銀行チャンピオンシップ2018; Spanish: Copa Suruga Bank 2018) was the eleventh edition of the Suruga Bank Championship (also referred to as the J.League Cup / Copa Sudamericana Championship Final), the club football match co-organized by the Japan Football Association, the football governing body of Japan, CONMEBOL, the football governing body of South America, and J.League, the professional football league of Japan, between the champions of the previous season's J.League Cup and Copa Sudamericana.

The match was contested between Japanese team Cerezo Osaka, the 2017 J.League Cup champions, and Argentinian team Independiente, the 2017 Copa Sudamericana champions. It was hosted by Cerezo Osaka at the Yanmar Stadium Nagai in Osaka, Japan on 8 August 2018.

Independiente defeated Cerezo Osaka 1–0 to win their first Suruga Bank Championship title.

Japan Football Association
The Japan Football Association (JFA, Japanese: 日本サッカー協会, romanized: Nihon Sakkā Kyōkai) is the governing body responsible for the administration of football, futsal, beach soccer and efootball in Japan. It is responsible for the national team, as well as club competitions.
Massiel Taveras
Massiel Indira Taveras Henríquez (born 7 July 1984) is a Dominican television host, designer, actress and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Dominican Republic 2007 and represented her country at Miss Universe 2007.

Miss Dominican Republic 2007
The Miss Dominican Republic 2007 pageant was held on March 22, 2007. That year only 20 candidates competed for the national crown. The chosen winner represented the Dominican Republic at the Miss Universe 2007 pageant which was held in Mexico and at Reina Hispanoamericana 2007 pageant which was held in Bolivia. The First Runner Up went to Mrs. Continente Americano 2007 pageant which was held in Ecuador.
Aerovias Brasil
Empresa de Transportes Aéreos Aerovias Brasil S/A was a Brazilian airline founded in 1942. It was merged into Varig in 1961, when Varig bought the Consórcio Real-Aerovias-Nacional, of which Aerovias Brasil was one of the partners.

Varig
VARIG (Viação Aérea Rio-Grandense, 'Rio Grandean Airways') was the first airline founded in Brazil, in 1927. From 1965 until 1990, it was Brazil's leading airline and virtually its only international one. In 2005, Varig went into judicial restructuring, and in 2006 it was split into two companies: Flex Linhas Aéreas, informally known as "old" Varig, heir to the original airline, now defunct; and "new" Varig, a new company, fully integrated into Gol Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes.
Verkhnyaya Vereya
55°13′43″N 42°06′24″E﻿ / ﻿55.22861°N 42.10667°E﻿ / 55.22861; 42.10667

Verkhnyaya Vereya (Russian: Ве́рхняя Вере́я) is a rural locality (a selo) under the administrative jurisdiction of the work settlement of Vilya in jurisdiction of the town of oblast significance of Vyksa in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia.

The village largely burned down on July 29, 2010 due to the wildfires which broke out across European Russia.  All 341 houses were destroyed; 580 people were evacuated to nearby Vyksa.

Vyksa
Vyksa (Russian: Вы́кса) is a town in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Oka River, 186 kilometers (116 mi) southwest of Nizhny Novgorod. Population:  56,201 (2010 Census); 61,657 (2002 Census); 61,149 (1989 Soviet census).
Symphony in B-flat (Chausson)
Ernest Chausson's Symphony in B-flat major, Op. 20, his only symphony, was written in 1890 and is often considered his masterpiece.

It was first performed on 18 April 1891 at a concert of the Société Nationale de Musique conducted by the composer. As with César Franck's Symphony in D minor, the critics were divided.

It was dedicated to the French painter and art collector Henry Lerolle.

Symphony in D minor (Franck)
The Symphony in D minor is the best-known orchestral work and the only mature symphony written by the 19th-century composer César Franck. It employs a cyclic form, with important themes recurring in all three movements.

After two years of work, Franck completed the symphony on August 22, 1888. It was premiered at the Paris Conservatory on 17 February 1889 under the direction of Jules Garcin. Franck dedicated it to his pupil Henri Duparc. Despite mixed reviews at the time, it has subsequently entered the international orchestral repertoire. Although today programmed less frequently in concerts than in the first half of the 20th century, it has been recorded numerous times (more than 70 recordings are available).
SIG Sauer P320
The SIG Sauer P320 is a modular striker-fired semi-automatic pistol made by SIG Sauer, Inc., SIG Sauer's American branch. It marked Sig Sauer's first foray into striker-fired pistols, as their first offering on the commercial market.

The P320 has faced scrutiny over reports of unintentional discharges and safety issues, leading to over 100 lawsuits against SIG Sauer, and its withdrawal from use by several law enforcement agencies, as well as being banned from use in IDPA-sanctioned competitions and numerous ranges and training courses.

Unintentional discharge
An unintentional discharge is the event of a firearm discharging (firing) at a time not intended by the user. An unintended discharge may be produced by an incompatibility between firearm design and usage, such as the phenomenon of cooking off a round in a closed bolt machine gun, a mechanical malfunction as in the case of slamfire in an automatic weapon, or be user induced due to training issues or negligence. The phenomenon has also been defined in scientific literature as an activation of the trigger mechanism that results in an unplanned discharge that is outside of the firearm’s prescribed use, where "prescribed use" refers to departmental policies and laws related to the operation of firearms (O'Neill, 2018).
Nihal Sarin
Nihal Sarin (born 13 July 2004) is an Indian chess grandmaster and chess prodigy.  In 2018, he passed the Elo rating of 2600 at 14 years old, which at the time made him the third youngest player in history to do so.

As a junior player, Nihal was the World Under-10 champion in 2014 and placed 2nd in the 2015 World Under-12 championship. Nihal won the Gold Medal as part of the Indian team in the FIDE Online Chess Olympiad 2020. He won the U-18 World Youth Championship held online in rapid format in 2020. In 2026, he won the Rapid section of the Tata Steel Chess India.

Chess prodigy
A chess prodigy is a young child who possesses an aptitude for the game of chess that far exceeds what might be expected at their age. Their prodigious talent will often enable them to defeat experienced adult players and even titled chess masters. Some chess prodigies have progressed to become grandmasters or even World Chess Champions.
HMS Amphitrite (1778)
HMS Amphitrite was a 24-gun Porcupine-class sixth-rate post ship of the Royal Navy. She served during the American Revolution primarily in the economic war. On the one hand she protected the trade by capturing or assisting at the capture of a number of privateers, some of which the Royal Navy then took into service. On the other hand, she also captured many American merchant vessels, most of them small. Amphitrite was wrecked early in 1794.

Sixth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and sometimes without. It thus encompassed ships with up to 30 guns in all. In the first half of the 18th century the main battery guns were 6-pounders, but by mid-century these were supplanted by 9-pounders. 28-gun sixth-rates were classed as frigates, those smaller as 'post ships', indicating that they were still commanded by a full ('post') captain, as opposed to sloops of 18 guns and less, which were under commanders.
Islam in Bulgaria
Islam in Bulgaria is a minority religion and the second largest religion in the country after Christianity. According to the 2021 Census, the total number of Muslims in Bulgaria stood at 638,708 corresponding to 9.8% of the population. Ethnically, Muslims in Bulgaria are Turks, Bulgarians and Roma, living mainly in parts of northeastern Bulgaria (mainly in Razgrad, Targovishte, Shumen and Silistra Provinces) and in the Rhodope Mountains (mainly in Kardzhali Province and Smolyan Province).

Romani people in Bulgaria
Romani people in Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Ромите в България, romanized: Romite v Bǎlgariya; Romani: Romane ando Bulgariya) constitute Europe's densest Romani minority. The Romani people in Bulgaria may speak Bulgarian, Turkish or Romani, depending on the region.
Apparicine
Apparicine is a monoterpenoid tricyclic indole alkaloid. It is named after Apparicio Duarte, a Brazilian botanist who studied the Aspidosperma species from which apparicine was first isolated. It was the first member of the vallesamine group of indole alkaloids to be isolated and have its structure established, which was first published in 1965. It has also been known by the synonyms gomezine, pericalline, and tabernoschizine.

Indole alkaloid
Indole alkaloids are a class of alkaloids containing a structural moiety of indole; many indole alkaloids also include isoprene groups and are thus called terpene indole or secologanin tryptamine alkaloids. Containing more than 4100 known different compounds, it is one of the largest classes of alkaloids. Many of them possess significant physiological activity and some of them are used in medicine. The amino acid tryptophan is the biochemical precursor of indole alkaloids.
Rosemary Fowler
Rosemary Fowler (née Brown; born 1926) is a British physicist who in 1948 as a 22-year-old doctoral researcher discovered the kaon (or K meson particle). While studying photographic plates that had been left exposed to cosmic rays, she identified a new configuration of tracks within the photographic emulsion that she recognised as being the decay of an unknown charged particle. Her discovery contributed to the introduction into particle physics of the property of strangeness, and to physicists' understanding that parity is not conserved in weak interactions – features that now form an integral part of the Standard Model of particle physics.

Weak interaction
In nuclear physics and particle physics, the weak interaction, weak force or weak nuclear force, is one of the four known fundamental interactions, with the others being electromagnetism, the strong interaction, and gravitation. It is the mechanism of interaction between subatomic particles that is responsible for the radioactive decay of atoms: The weak interaction participates in nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The theory describing its behaviour and effects is sometimes called quantum flavordynamics (QFD); however, the term QFD is rarely used, because the weak force is better understood by electroweak theory (EWT).

The effective range of the weak force is limited to subatomic distances and is less than the diameter of a proton.
John Silver (wrestler)
John Anthony Silver (born June 4, 1990) is an American professional wrestler. As of 2019, he is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW) as a member of The Dark Order. He is also known for his work with Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), where he was a one-time CZW World Heavyweight Champion, and for his tag team with Alex Reynolds – known as The Beaver Boys, the duo were one-time CZW World Tag Team Champions and one-time PWG World Tag Team Champions.

Chuck Taylor (wrestler)
Dustin Lee Howard (born April 22, 1986), better known by the ring name Chuck Taylor, is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where he also works as a coach as well as in-ring talent. Known as "The Kentucky Gentleman" and "Sexy Chuckie T", he was a member of the Best Friends stable alongside original tag team partner Trent Beretta, Orange Cassidy, Kris Statlander, and Danhausen. Howard has wrestled on the independent circuit since 2002, most notably appearing for Chikara, where he held the Campeonatos de Parejas twice, and Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), where he is a former two-time PWG World Champion. He is also known for his work in larger national and international promotions like Ring of Honor (ROH) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW).
Kingscliff High School
Kingscliff High School, sometimes referred to as Kingy High is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Kingscliff, in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1986, the school enrolled approximately 1,000 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 12 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and eight percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the principal is Michael Hensley.

The school has close ties with the adjoining Kingscliff Institute of TAFE.

Education in Australia
Education in Australia encompasses the sectors of early childhood education (preschool and pre-primary) and primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (high schools and senior high schools), and finally tertiary education, which includes higher education (universities and other higher education providers) and vocational education (registered training organisations). Regulation and funding of education is primarily the responsibility of the States and territories; however, the Australian Government also contributes to funding.

Education in Australia is compulsory between the ages of four, five, or six and fifteen, sixteen or seventeen, depending on the state or territory and the date of birth.
Albertine Zullo
Albertine Zullo (born 1967), known simply as Albertine, is a Swiss illustrator. She specializes in illustrating children's books, many of which have been published in English. Since 1996, she has taught screen printing at the Geneva University of Art and Design (HEAD). Zullo was awarded the Hans Christian Andersen Award for illustrator in 2020.

Hans Christian Andersen Award
The Hans Christian Andersen Awards are two literary awards given by the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), recognising one living author and one living illustrator for their "lasting contribution to children's literature". The writing award was first given in 1956, the illustration award in 1966. The former is sometimes called the "Nobel Prize for children's literature".

The awards are named after Hans Christian Andersen, a 19th-century Danish author of fairy tales, and each winner receives the Hans Christian Andersen Medaille (a gold medal with the bust of Andersen) and a diploma. Medals are presented at the biennial IBBY Congress.
Der Herr denket an uns, BWV 196
Der Herr denket an uns (The Lord is mindful of us), BWV 196, is a cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. The early church cantata, possibly for a wedding, is difficult to date, but is generally considered to be an early work on stylistic grounds. The text is a passage from Psalm 115, assuring of God's blessing, especially for children. Scholars have suggested the work may have been written for the wedding of Johann Lorenz Stauber, the minister in Dornheim who had married Bach and his first wife there in 1707, and Regina Wedemann, an aunt of Bach's wife, on 5 June 1708.

Bach structured the work in five movements – an instrumental Sinfonia, a chorus, an aria, a duet and a final chorus. He scored it for three vocal soloists, a four-part choir and a Baroque instrumental ensemble of strings and continuo.

Aria
In music, an aria (/ˈɑːriə/ ⓘ, Italian: [ˈaːrja]; pl.: arie, Italian: [ˈaːrje]; arias in common usage; diminutive form: arietta, Italian: [aˈrjetta]; pl.: ariette; in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

The typical context for arias is opera, but vocal arias also feature in oratorios and cantatas, or they can be stand-alone concert arias. The term was originally used to refer to any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer.
Kangerlussuatsiaq Fjord
Kangerlussuatsiaq Fjord (old spelling: Kangerdlugssuatsiaq, Danish: Evighedsfjorden) is a fjord in the Qeqqata municipality in western Greenland. Taking its source in the tidewater glaciers draining the Maniitsoq ice cap, the fjord flows in a deep canyon through a mountainous, uninhabited region, emptying into Davis Strait near the settlement of Kangaamiut.

Davis Strait
Davis Strait (Danish: Davisstrædet; Inuktitut: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐃᑭᖓ Qikiqtaaluup Ikinga) is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. To the north is Baffin Bay. The strait was named for English explorer John Davis (1550–1605), who sailed the area while seeking a route through the Northwest Passage, and by the 1650s it was used for whale hunting.
K2-66b
K2-66b is a confirmed mega-Earth orbiting the subgiant K2-66, about 520 parsecs (1,700 ly) from Earth in the direction of Aquarius. It is an extremely hot and dense planet heavier than Neptune, but with only about half its radius.

Aquarius (constellation)
Aquarius is an equatorial constellation of the zodiac, between Capricornus and Pisces. Its name is Latin for "water-carrier" or "cup-carrier", and its traditional astrological symbol is  (♒︎), a representation of water. Aquarius is one of the oldest of the recognized constellations along the zodiac (the Sun's apparent path). It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. It is found in a region often called the Sea due to its profusion of constellations with watery associations such as Cetus the whale, Pisces the fish, and Eridanus the river.

At apparent magnitude 2.9, Beta Aquarii is the brightest star in the constellation.
Grace Stark
Grace Stark (born May 6, 2001) is an American hurdler. She won the bronze medal in the 100 metres hurdles at the 2025 World Championships, having been fifth at the 2024 Paris Olympics and over 60 metres hurdles at the 2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships.

60 metres hurdles
60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.65 seconds (Devynne Charlton) and 7.27 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Nishi-Kuwana Station
Nishi-Kuwana Station (西桑名駅, Nishi-Kuwana-eki)  is a passenger railway station located in the city of Kuwana, Mie Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Sangi Railway. The station is immediately adjacent to Kuwana Station, which services the Kansai Main Line, Kintetsu Nagoya Line and the Yōrō Line. The station is used primarily by morning and evening commuters to school and work.  Many passengers proceed on to Nagoya and Yokkaichi via Kintetsu and JR at Kuwana Station.

Yōrō Railway Yōrō Line
The Yōrō Line (養老線, Yōrō-sen) is a railway line of a Japanese private railway operator Yōrō Railway (養老鉄道, Yōrō Tetsudō). The line traverses the northeastern side of the Yōrō Mountains and connects Kuwana Station in Kuwana, Mie Prefecture and Ibi Station in Ibigawa, Gifu Prefecture.

The northern portion of the Ōgaki section is locally and unofficially called the Ibi Line (揖斐線, Ibi-sen), as Ōgaki is a reversing station.

Kintetsu Railway, one of largest private railway companies in Japan, owns the tracks and rolling stocks of the line whereon Yōrō Railway (a Class II railway), a wholly owned subsidiary of Kintetsu, operated trains until 2018.
Ahmed Elmi Osman
His Excellency Ahmed Elmi Osman 'Karash', better known as Ahmed Karaash  (Somali: Axmed Cilmi Cismaan "Karaash", Arabic: أحمد علمي عثمان كراش) is a Puntland politician who served Vice President of Puntland from 8 January 2019 to 8 January 2024. Karaash served Ministry of Civil Aviation and Airport Authority twice, after confronting Puntland president Abdirahman Farole he defecting to Sool region he formed Khatumo State and later dissolved and backed to Puntland Government where he served Ministry of Interior, Federal Affairs and Democratization.

He belongs to the Naleye Ahmed sub-clan of the Mohamoud Garad branch of the Dhulbahante, Harti larger Darod tribe.

Government of Puntland
The Government of Puntland (Somali: Dowladda Buntilaan; Arabic: حكومة أرض بنط) is the supreme governing authority of the semi-autonomous state of Puntland. The legal structure of Puntland consists of the judiciary (Supreme Court), legislative (House of Representatives) and the executive (the President, Vice president and his nominated council of Ministries) branches of government. Puntland has conducted seven presidential elections (1998, 2001, 2005, 2009, 2014, 2019, 2024). Five Presidents are elected by a 66-member unicameral parliament. Since 1998, the governing bodies have been located in the administrative capital of Garowe.