hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Armistice of Villafranca
The Armistice of Villafranca, concluded by Napoleon III of France and Franz Joseph I of Austria on July 11, 1859, set the stage for the end of the Second Italian War of Independence.

It was the consequence of a unilateral decision by France, which, at war alongside the Kingdom of Sardinia against Austria, needed to conclude peace because of the danger of the conflict spreading to Central Europe.

The armistice of Villafranca caused the resignation of Piedmontese Prime Minister Cavour, who considered it a violation of the Sardinian-French treaty of alliance. The latter provided for the cession of the entire Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia to Piedmont, unlike the terms of the armistice, which stipulated the cession of Lombardy alone (in its current extent except the Province of Mantua).

The armistice, which King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia also signed on July 12, was ratified by the Treaty of Zürich of November 1859.

Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
The Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, commonly called the "Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom", was a constituent land (crown land) of the Austrian Empire from 1815 to 1866. It was created in 1815 by resolution of the Congress of Vienna in recognition of the Austrian House of Habsburg-Lorraine's rights to the former Duchy of Milan and the former Republic of Venice after the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed in 1805, had collapsed.

The kingdom survived for only fifty years—the region of Lombardy was ceded to France in 1859 after the Second Italian War of Independence, which then immediately ceded it to the Kingdom of Sardinia. Lombardy-Venetia was finally dissolved in 1866 when its remaining territory was incorporated into the recently proclaimed Kingdom of Italy following the kingdom's victory against Austria in the Third Italian War of Independence.
SS Christopher Columbus
The SS Christopher Columbus was an American excursion liner on the Great Lakes, in service between 1893 and 1933. She was the only whaleback ship ever built for passenger service. The ship was designed by Alexander McDougall, the developer and promoter of the whaleback design.

Columbus was built between 1892 and 1893 at Superior, Wisconsin, by the American Steel Barge Company. Initially, she ferried passengers to and from the World's Columbian Exposition. Later, she provided general transportation and excursion services to various ports around the lakes.

At 362 feet (110 m), the ship was the longest whaleback ever built, and reportedly also the largest vessel on the Great Lakes when she was launched. Columbus is said to have carried more passengers during her career than any other vessel on the Great Lakes. After a career lasting four decades, she was retired during the Great Depression and scrapped in 1936 by the Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company at Manitowoc, Wisconsin.

Alexander McDougall (ship designer)
Captain Alexander McDougall (March 15, 1845 – May 27, 1923) was a Scottish-born American seaman who built the whaleback style of cargo and excursion ship. In 1880, he designed a ship that he felt could withstand the worst lake water and carry the greatest cargo in the least depth of water. In 1917 he founded McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company to build World War I ships.
Abdul Ghanee Mohamed
Abdul Ghanee Mohamed (Dhivehi: ޢަބްދުލްޣަނީ މުޙައްމަދު) is a Maldivian lawyer and judge who is currently serving as the sixth Chief Justice of the Maldives since 2025. He previously served as a judge of the Supreme Court of the Maldives from 2018 to 2019 and a judge of the High Court of the Maldives from 2004 to 2018.

Chief Justice of the Maldives
The chief justice of the Maldives is the most influential member of the judicial branch of the Maldives. He is appointed by the president of the Maldives.

He is a member of parliamentary committee and one member of the five Supreme Court justices. He overlooks on cases and handles national crises, including the 2011–12 Maldives political crisis as an example, as well as the protests in Maldives between 2015 and 2016 which left more than 1000 people injured.

There have been several chief justices in the Maldives, with the Honorable Uz Abdulla Saeed being the inaugural holder under the current constitution. He was appointed as a justice of Supreme Court of the Maldives, which was brought into being by the Constitution in 2008, and assumed office as chief justice of the Maldives, pursuant to Article 285 (b) of the Constitution, on 18 September 2008.
Kyrylo Marsak
Kyrylo Andriyovych Marsak (Ukrainian: Кирило Андрійович Марсак; born 7 September 2004) is a Ukrainian figure skater. He is the two-time Tallinn Trophy bronze medalist, a two-time Volvo Open Cup medalist (gold in 2024, bronze in 2022), 2023 Bavarian Open bronze medalist, and a three-time Ukrainian national champion (2023–25).

Volvo Open Cup
The Volvo Open Cup is an annual international figure skating competition held in Riga, Latvia. In some years, the event is part of the ISU Challenger Series. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
Penco Guitars
Penco was a brand of guitars owned by the Hoshino Gakki Co., also the maker of Ibanez guitars. Penco guitars were manufactured in Hoshino Gakki's factory in Nagoya, Japan, and distributed in the U.S. by the Philadelphia Music Company.

The Penco line of products consisted of electric and acoustic guitars, most of them copies of models of renowned U.S. guitars made by Fender or Gibson. The models came to be called "lawsuit guitars" after a lawsuit filed by Norlin (Gibson's parent company) against Elger (owner of Ibanez) over trademark infringent in 1977. The Ibanez line was distributed on the west coast of the U.S. and Penco on the east coast.

Ibanez
Ibanez (アイバニーズ, Aibanīzu) is a Japanese guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki. Based in Nagoya, Aichi, Japan, Hoshino Gakki was one of the first Japanese musical instrument companies to gain a significant foothold in import guitar sales in the United States and Europe, as well as the first brand of guitars to mass-produce seven-string and eight-string guitars. Ibanez manufactures effects, accessories, amps, and instruments in Japan, China, Indonesia, and the United States (at a Los Angeles-based custom shop). As of 2017 they marketed nearly 165 models of bass guitar, 130 acoustic guitars, and more than 300 electric guitars. As of 2024, after Gibson, Fender, and PRS, Ibanez is among the world's most popular and bestselling guitar brands.

Daryl Robertson of Guitar World conferred the title of "the shredder's weapon of choice" on the Ibanez.
Marina Kozlovskaya
Marina Andreevna Kozlovskaya (Russian: Мари́на Андре́евна Козло́вская; 7 April 1925 – 2019) was a Soviet and Russian painter who lived and worked in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her landscape paintings.

Saint Petersburg Union of Artists
Union of Artists of Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербургский Союз художников) was established on August 2, 1932, as a creative union of the Leningrad artists and arts critics. Prior to 1959, it was called "Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists". From 1959 (when it joined the Union of Artists of the RSFSR), it was called as Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation. After the renaming of the city in 1991, it became known as the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists.
Li Ming (footballer, born 1971)
Li Ming (Chinese: 李明; pinyin: Lǐ Míng; born 26 January 1971) is a Chinese football coach and a former international player.

As a footballer, he played as a midfielder and spent his whole career with Dalian Wanda where he won eight league titles and three Chinese FA Cups. His international career saw him play for the Chinese national team gathering 86 international appearances between 1992 and 2004, scoring 8 goals. He represented his nation at four editions of the AFC Asian Cup, helping his team to a third-place finish in 1992, the quarter-finals in 1996, a fourth-place finish in 2000 and a second-place finish in 2004, which China hosted.

Chinese FA Cup
The Chinese FA Cup (Chinese: 中国足协杯, abbreviated as CFA Cup) is the national knockout cup competition in China organized by the Chinese Football Association. The current holders are Beijing Guoan, having beaten Henan in 2025 for their sixth title.
South Carolina Federal Credit Union
South Carolina Federal Credit Union (or South Carolina Federal) is an American credit union headquartered in North Charleston, South Carolina, that is supervised and insured by the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), an agency of the U.S. government.

South Carolina Federal is the largest, oldest, member-owned financial institution in the Charleston tricounty area. As of 2024, South Carolina Federal had over $2.5 billion in assets and over 175,000 active members.

North Charleston, South Carolina
North Charleston is a city in Berkeley, Charleston, and Dorchester counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, North Charleston had a population of 114,852, making it the third-most populous city in the state, and the 248th-most populous city in the United States. North Charleston is a principal city within the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 849,417 in 2023.
USNS Asterion
The SS Arcadia Victory was a Victory ship built during World War II for cargo shipping. She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on 1 July 1944 and completed on 22 September 1944. The ship's United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2- S- AP3, hull number 41.

In 1961 she was rebuilt as a Denebola-class stores ship and renamed USNS Asterion (T-AF-63).  Her task was to carry stores, refrigerated items, and equipment to ships in the fleet, and to remote stations and staging areas.

California Shipbuilding Corporation
California Shipbuilding Corporation built 467 Liberty and Victory ships during World War II, including Haskell-class attack transports.  California Shipbuilding Corporation was often referred to as Calship.
Paul Boateng
Paul Yaw Boateng, Baron Boateng, CVO, PC, DL (born 14 June 1951) is a British Labour Party politician, a former civil rights lawyer and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Brent South from 1987 to 2005, becoming the UK's first Black Cabinet Minister in May 2002, when he was appointed as Chief Secretary to the Treasury.  Following his departure from the House of Commons, he served as the British High Commissioner to South Africa from March 2005 to May 2009.  He was introduced as a member of the House of Lords on 1 July 2010.

Brent South
Brent South was a constituency for the House of Commons of the UK Parliament; the areas of the constituency chiefly fell into the new Brent Central for the 2010 general election which was the date of its abolition. It elected one member (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

From its creation in 1974, the constituency consistently elected Labour MPs with large majorities. At the 2010 general election, Brent South was abolished and split between neighbouring Brent North and two newly created constituencies: Brent Central and Hampstead and Kilburn.
USS New Ironsides
USS New Ironsides was a wooden-hulled broadside ironclad built for the United States Navy during the American Civil War. The ship spent most of her career blockading the Confederate ports of Charleston, South Carolina, and Wilmington, North Carolina, in 1863–65. New Ironsides bombarded the fortifications defending Charleston in 1863 during the First and Second Battles of Charleston Harbor. At the end of 1864 and the beginning of 1865 she bombarded the defenses of Wilmington in the First and Second Battles of Fort Fisher.

Although she was struck many times by Confederate shells, gunfire never significantly damaged the ship or injured the crew. Her only casualty in combat occurred when she was struck by a spar torpedo carried by the CSS David. Eight crewmen were awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions during the Second Battle of Fort Fisher in 1865. The ship was destroyed by fire in 1865 after she was placed in reserve.

Second Battle of Fort Fisher
The Second Battle of Fort Fisher was a successful assault by the Union Army, Navy and Marine Corps against Fort Fisher, south of Wilmington, North Carolina, near the end of the American Civil War in January 1865. Sometimes referred to as the "Gibraltar of the South" and the last major coastal stronghold of the Confederacy, Fort Fisher had tremendous strategic value during the war, providing a port for blockade runners supplying the Army of Northern Virginia.
Mary J. Miller
Mary John Miller (born July 19, 1955) is an American government official and political candidate who served as Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance and a former Acting Deputy Secretary of the Treasury. In 2020, she announced her candidacy for Mayor of Baltimore but lost to Council President Brandon Scott in the June 2020 Democratic primary. She was also a director of Silicon Valley Bank, the second biggest bank to go bankrupt in US history.

Brandon Scott
Brandon Maurice Scott (born April 8, 1984) is an American politician serving as the mayor of Baltimore, Maryland, since 2020. He was the president of the Baltimore City Council from 2019 to 2020, having been elected to the position to replace Jack Young following Catherine Pugh's resignation, as well as a member of the Baltimore City Council from the second district from 2011 to 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, Scott was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Maryland during the 2018 Maryland gubernatorial election, in which he ran on a ticket with Jim Shea.
Music Technology Group
The Music Technology Group (MTG) is a research group of the Department of Information and Communication Technologies of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona. It was founded in 1994 by Xavier Serra, and it specializes in sound and music computing research.

Sound and music computing
Sound and music computing (SMC) is a research field that studies the whole sound and music communication chain from a multidisciplinary point of view. By combining scientific, technological and artistic methodologies it aims at understanding, modeling and generating sound and music through computational approaches.
Winter View of the Hekelveld in Amsterdam
Winter View of the Hekelveld in Amsterdam is a 17th-century oil on canvas painting by the Dutch Golden Age painter Jacob van Ruisdael. It is in a private collection in Scotland.

The painting depicts the Hekelveld, a square in Amsterdam, with two frozen canals, both of which were filled in during the 19th century. In the distance one can discern the tower of the New Town Hall and the spire of the Nieuwe Kerk. This makes it highly likely that the painting was made after 1665, as records show that the town hall's tower was not finished until then, and in or before 1682, the year of Ruisdael's death.

The painting is catalogue number 9 in Seymour Slive's 2001 catalogue raisonné of Ruisdael, though is not present in the 1911 catalogue raisonné by art historian Hofstede de Groot.  Its dimensions are 49.5 cm x 65 cm. It is signed in the lower left. It changed hands in 1996.

Seymour Slive
Seymour Slive (September 15, 1920 – June 14, 2014) was an American art historian, who served as director of the Harvard Art Museums from 1975 to 1984. Slive was a scholar of Dutch art, specifically of the artists Rembrandt, Frans Hals, and Jacob van Ruisdael.
Carl Jensen (politician)
Carl Arthur Jensen (December 11, 1920 – May 4, 1988) was a Minnesota politician, attorney, and veteran. Jensen served as a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives and the Minnesota Senate representing part of southwestern Minnesota during the 1950s until the 1980s. Jensen was a member of the Republican Party who later switched to become a Democrat at the end of his life.

Jensen, after leaving elected office, served on the Minnesota Tax Court from 1981 until 1986, appointed by then-Governor and fellow Republican Al Quie.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
Second Banda Oriental campaign
The Second Banda Oriental campaign was a military campaign of the Argentine War of Independence, that besieged and captured the Banda Oriental (present-day Uruguay) with joint operations against Montevideo by José Rondeau on land and William Brown on water.

William Brown (admiral)
William Brown (also known in Spanish as Guillermo Brown or Almirante Brown) (22 June 1777 – 3 March 1857) was an Irish sailor, merchant, and naval commander who served in the Argentine Navy during the wars of the early 19th century. Brown's successes in the Argentine War of Independence, the Cisplatine War, and the Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata earned the respect and appreciation of the Argentine people, and he is regarded as one of Argentina's national heroes. The creator and first admiral of the country's maritime forces, he is commonly known as the "father of the Argentine Navy".
Jimmy Wopo
Travon DaShawn Frank Smart (January 13, 1997 – June 18, 2018), better known by his stage name Jimmy Wopo, was an American rapper.

Wopo was an affiliate of fellow Pittsburgh-based rapper Wiz Khalifa and his Taylor Gang imprint. He made his first high-profile appearance with his 2016 breakout single, "Elm Street", produced by Stvii B, which Complex included in the "'Bout to Blow: 10 Dope New Songs You Should Be Hearing Everywhere Soon" list. Following that success, he collaborated with several prominent rappers including Wiz Khalifa, Sonny Digital, 21 Savage and more. After receiving a co-sign from hip hop producer Mike Will Made It, rap duo Rae Sremmurd brought Wopo out to perform during their set at the Pittsburgh stop of their SremmLife 2 Tour. Wopo was murdered in a drive-by shooting on June 18, 2018.

Sonny Digital
Sonny Corey Uwaezuoke (born March 5, 1991), better known by his stage name Sonny Digital, is an American record producer, rapper, and DJ. He first saw recognition for his production work on YC's 2011 single "Racks", which peaked within the top 50 of the Billboard Hot 100. Throughout the following decade, he was credited on a string of commercially successful hip hop and trap singles including ILoveMakonnen's "Tuesday", Future's "Same Damn Time", 50 Cent's "I'm the Man", 2 Chainz's "Birthday Song", and Travis Scott's "Stargazing". Uwaezuoke has also produced for XXL Magazine's Freshman Hip Hop Cyphers in 2017 and 2018, and pursued a lukewarmly-received career as a recording artist.

Early in their respective careers, he discovered and worked in tandem with Metro Boomin, 808 Mafia, Southside, and TM88 for his productions. He signed with Universal Music Publishing Group in 2014.
NATO Double-Track Decision
The NATO Double-Track Decision was a decision by NATO made on December 12, 1979, to offer the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact a mutual limitation of medium-range ballistic missiles and intermediate-range ballistic missiles amidst the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. In case of refusal, NATO planned to deploy more medium-range nuclear weapons in Western Europe after the Euromissile Crisis.

Intermediate-range ballistic missile
An intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) is a ballistic missile with a range between 3,000 to 5,500 km (1,864 to 3,418 miles), categorized between a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) and an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). Classifying ballistic missiles by range is done mostly for convenience. In principle there is little difference between a high-performance IRBM and a low-performance ICBM, because decreasing payload mass can increase the range over the ICBM threshold. The range definition used here is used within the U.S. Missile Defense Agency.
Wigtown & Bladnoch F.C.
Wigtown & Bladnoch Football Club are a football club from the town of Wigtown in the Dumfries and Galloway area of Scotland, who play in the South of Scotland Football League, in the sixth tier of Scottish football.

The club finished third in the South of Scotland Football League in 2015–16, having previously won their fourth and fifth titles in the 2013–14 and 2014–15 seasons.

Wigtown
Wigtown (/ˈwɪɡtənˌ -taʊn/ (both used locally); Scottish Gaelic: Baile na h-Ùige) is a town and former royal burgh in Wigtownshire, of which it is the county town, within the Dumfries and Galloway region in Scotland.  It lies east of Stranraer and south of Newton Stewart. It is known as "Scotland's National Book Town" with a high concentration of second-hand book shops and an annual book festival.

Wigtown is part of the Machars peninsula.
Shreekhandapur
Shreekhandapur (Nepal Bhasa: खम्पू) is a historic town located within the Dhulikhel Municipality of Kavrepalanchowk District, Nepal. It lies approximately 28 km east of Kathmandu and is situated at an elevation of around 1,400 metres above sea level.

The main attraction of Shreekhandapur is the temple of Swet Bhairav, which is located about 1 km northeast of the town. The name Shreekhandapur is believed to have originated from the shreekhand (sandalwood) tree, which was once abundant in the area. During the Licchavi period, the town was known as खम्पू (Khampu), a name that continues to be widely used by the local Newar community.

Dhulikhel
Dhulikhel is a municipality in Kavrepalanchok District of Nepal. Two major highways, the B.P. Highway and the Araniko Highway pass through Dhulikhel. Araniko Highway connects Kathmandu, Nepal's capital city with Tibet's border town of Kodari. Dhulikhel is located at the Eastern rim of Kathmandu Valley, south of the Himalayas at 1550m above sea level and is situated 30 km southeast of Kathmandu and 74 km southwest of Kodari. The majority of people in Dhulikhel are Newars, and Brahmin, Chhettri, Tamang and Dalit are also living in outer area of the town. Drinking water in Dhulikhel is some of the best water in Nepal. It was made with the help of the German NGO German Technical Cooperation.
Jeff Johnson (Ohio politician)
Jeffrey D. Johnson (born April 10, 1958) is an American politician and attorney who is serving as an elected Judge of the Cleveland Municipal Court. He also served as a member of Cleveland City Council for Ward 10 from 2014 to 2018. Johnson served as councilman for Ward 8 from 1984 to 1990 and as a member of the Ohio Senate from 1990 to 1998.

Ohio Senate
The Ohio Senate is the upper house of the Ohio General Assembly, the lower house being the Ohio House of Representatives. The State Senate, which meets in the Ohio Statehouse in Columbus, first convened in 1803. Senators are elected for four year terms, staggered every two years such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even numbered seats and odd numbered seats are contested in separate election years. The president of the Ohio Senate presides over the body when in session, and is currently Rob McColley.

Currently, the Senate consists of 24 Republicans and 9 Democrats, with the Republicans controlling two more seats than the 22 required for a supermajority vote. Senators are limited to two consecutive terms. Each senator represents approximately 349,000 Ohioans, and each Senate district encompasses three corresponding Ohio House of Representatives districts.