hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chance Perdomo
Chance Perdomo (20 October 1996 – c. 29 March 2024) was an American and British actor. He earned a British Academy Television Award nomination for his performance in the BBC Three film Killed by My Debt (2018). He gained further prominence through his roles as Ambrose Spellman in the Netflix series Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (2018–2020) and Andre Anderson in the first season of the Amazon Prime Video series Gen V (2023). He also appeared in the films After We Fell (2021), After Ever Happy (2022), and After Everything (2023). He died from injuries sustained in a motorcycle accident while travelling to begin filming for Gen V's second season.

British Academy Television Awards
British Academy Television Awards, or the BAFTA TV Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. They have been awarded annually since 1955. The BAFTA TV Awards are recognised internationally as the highest honour in British and world television, equivalent to the BAFTA Film Awards for cinema, Laurence Olivier Awards for theatre, and the BRIT Awards for music. The BAFTA TV Awards are considered equivalent to the Emmy Awards.
Saul Dubow
Saul H. Dubow, FRHistS (born 28 October 1959) is a South African historian and academic, specialising in the history of South Africa in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Since 2016, he has been the Smuts Professor of Commonwealth History at the University of Cambridge and a Professorial Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge. He previously taught at University of Sussex and Queen Mary, University of London.

Research fellow
A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a principal investigator.

Research fellow positions vary in different countries and academic institutions.
Principles of Optics
Principles of Optics, colloquially known as Born and Wolf, is an optics textbook written by Max Born and Emil Wolf that was initially published in 1959 by Pergamon Press. After going through six editions with Pergamon Press, the book was transferred to Cambridge University Press who issued an expanded seventh edition in 1999. A 60th anniversary edition was published in 2019 with a foreword by Sir Peter Knight. It is considered a classic science book and one of the most influential optics books of the twentieth century.

Pergamon Press
Pergamon Press was an Oxford-based publishing house, founded by Paul Rosbaud and Robert Maxwell, that published scientific and medical books and journals. Originally called Butterworth-Springer, it is now an imprint of Elsevier.
Dan Heap
Daniel James Macdonnell Heap (September 24, 1925 – April 25, 2014) was a Canadian activist and politician. Heap served as a Member of Parliament with the New Democratic Party, a Toronto City Councillor, a political activist and an Anglican worker-priest. He represented the Toronto, Ontario, riding of Spadina (after 1988 Trinity—Spadina) from 1981 to 1993 and Ward 6 on Toronto City Council from 1972 to 1981. As an activist he was involved in the peace movement, community issues around housing, homelessness, poverty and refugee rights among other social justice issues.

Spadina (electoral district)
Spadina was a Canadian electoral district that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1988. It covered a portion of the western-central Toronto, Ontario.  Its name comes from the Spadina Avenue, which runs through the heart of the riding.

It was formed in 1933 from portions of Toronto Northeast, Toronto Northwest, Toronto West Centre, and Toronto South.  Its boundaries changed repeatedly over the years, when it created it stretched far north to the edge of the city boundaries.  As this northern portion of became more populated it was split off into other ridings.  Its eastern and western boundaries were more consistent, with it stretching from John Street in the east to Bathurst Street in the west.  In 1987, due to the relative decrease in the population of downtown Toronto compared to other areas, it was merged with Trinity to form Trinity—Spadina.  Some portions also went to the eastern riding of Rosedale.
Labor (magazine)
Labor (simplified Chinese: 《劳动》; traditional Chinese: 《勞動》; pinyin: Láodòng) was a Chinese anarchist magazine founded in March 1918, and the first labor magazine in China. Its founders included Wu Zhihui, Liang Bingxin and Liu Shixin (younger brother of Liu Shifu).

Wu Zhihui
Wu Jingheng (Chinese: 吳敬恆), commonly known by his courtesy name Wu Zhihui (Woo Chih-hui, Chinese: 吳稚暉; 25 March 1865 - 30 October 1953), also known as Wu Shi-Fee, was a Chinese linguist and philosopher who was the chairman of the 1912–13 Commission on the Unification of Pronunciation that created Zhuyin (based on Zhang Binglin's work) and standardized Guoyu pronunciation.

Wu became an anarchist during his stay in France in the first decade of the 20th century, along with Li Shizeng, Zhang Renjie, and Cai Yuanpei. With them, he was known as one of the strongly anti-communist "Four Elders" of the Nationalist Party in the 1920s.
Mass media in Algeria
Algeria has more than 45 independent Arabic language and French language publications as well as 4 government-owned newspapers (two published in French and two in Arabic), but the government controls most printing presses and advertising. The Algerian newspapers with the largest circulations are Echourouk (1,800,000), Ennahar (1,600,000), El Khabar (1,000,000) and Quotidien d'Oran (700,000); all four are employee-owned. In 2004 and 2005, the government increased the access of Berber language and culture to both print and broadcast media.

Algérie Presse Service is the Algerian national press agency. It was created on December 1, 1961, following the national independence of Algeria from French control, to represent Algeria in the sphere of the world media. It has evolved into an institution that produces online and satellite services.

El Khabar
Elkhabar (Arabic: الخبر, lit. 'The News') is a daily newspaper in Algeria published seven days a week in the tabloid format. It is one of the most widely read Algerian newspapers.

El Khabar′s web service publishes selected news in Arabic and French, with a minor section in English, though often poorly translated.
Stegodon
Stegodon (from the Ancient Greek στέγω (stégō), meaning "to cover", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning  "tooth", named for the distinctive ridges on the animal's molars) is an extinct genus of proboscidean, related to elephants. It was originally assigned to the family Elephantidae along with modern elephants but is now placed in the extinct family Stegodontidae. Like elephants, Stegodon had teeth with plate-like lophs that are different from those of more primitive proboscideans like gomphotheres and mammutids.  Fossils of the genus are known from Africa and across much of Asia, as far southeast as Timor (with a single record in southeast Europe). The oldest fossils of the genus are found in Late Miocene strata in Asia, likely originating from the more archaic Stegolophodon, subsequently migrating into Africa. While the genus became extinct in Africa during the Pliocene, Stegodon persisted in South, Southeast and Eastern Asia into the Late Pleistocene.

Molar (tooth)
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth. They are more developed in mammals. They are used primarily to grind food during chewing. The name molar derives from Latin, molaris dens, meaning "millstone tooth", from mola, millstone and dens, tooth. Molars show a great deal of diversity in size and shape across the mammal groups. The third molar of humans is sometimes vestigial.
Famagusta District
35°20′N 33°52′E﻿ / ﻿35.333°N 33.867°E﻿ / 35.333; 33.867

Famagusta District, or simply Famagusta, is one of the six districts of Cyprus. While the entire district covers an area of 1,985.3 km2 (766.5 sq mi), only about 244 km2 (94 sq mi) is under the actual control of the Republic of Cyprus. Most of the district including the capital and largest city of Famagusta is under the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus since the 1974 invasion. The region under Cypriot control is isolated from the other districts, and a district administration in exile exists on the Cyprus-controlled part of the island with the seat at Paralimni. The Northern Cyprus has a separate district of Iskele which includes the Karpass Peninsula, and is not recognized by the Republic of Cyprus.

Karpas Peninsula
The Karpas Peninsula (Greek: Καρπασία, romanized: Karpasía; Turkish: Karpaz), also known as the Karpass, Karpaz or Karpasia, is a long, finger-like peninsula that is one of the most prominent geographical features of the island of Cyprus.  Its farthest extent is Cape Apostolos Andreas, and its major population centre is the town of Rizokarpaso (Greek: Ριζοκάρπασο; Turkish: Dipkarpaz). It is currently under the de facto control of the internationally-unrecognised state of Northern Cyprus.
Wanna Bet?
Wanna Bet? is an American game show based on the German series Wetten, dass..?, which aired on ABC in 2008. It featured four celebrities making wagers on whether ordinary Americans will be able to complete outrageous stunts. The format first aired as a one-time special on CBS in 1993, with Gordon Elliott and Mark McEwen hosting.

Gordon Elliott (journalist)
Gordon Elliott (born 30 September 1956) is a British Australian journalist and producer, radio and television personality and producer, based now in the United States.

Elliott was the executive producer of ABC's former daytime cooking related talk show The Chew, and had his own eponymous TV talk show program, between 1994 and 1997 The Gordon Elliott Show and Door Knock Dinners.
Cheryl Chase (actress)
Cheryl Chase (born Cheryl Christine Hudock; December 25, 1958) is an American actress and children's book author. She is best known for voicing Angelica Pickles in the television series Rugrats and its spinoffs All Grown Up, Angelica and Susie's Pre-School Daze, and on the revival.

Angelica Pickles
Angelica Charlotte Pickles is a fictional character who appears in Nickelodeon's Rugrats franchise. She appears in all TV series in the franchise, including Rugrats (1991–2004), All Grown Up! (2003–2008), Rugrats Pre-School Daze (2005), and the computer-animated Rugrats reboot series (2021–present) and is one of the series' original characters. A 3-year-old little girl in Rugrats, Angelica is the daughter and only child of Drew and Charlotte Pickles.

In 2002, TV Guide ranked her seventh in their list of "Top 50 Greatest Cartoon Characters of All Time". American publication Paste later ranked Pickles 46th on their "50 Best Cartoon Characters of All Time" list in 2024.
Varnish (software)
Vinyl, formerly Varnish, is a reverse caching proxy used as HTTP accelerator for content-heavy dynamic web sites as well as APIs. In contrast to other web accelerators, such as Squid, which began life as a client-side cache, or Apache and nginx, which are primarily origin servers, Vinyl was designed as an HTTP accelerator. Vinyl is focused exclusively on HTTP, unlike other proxy servers that often support FTP, SMTP, and other network protocols.

Squid (software)
Squid is a caching and forwarding HTTP web proxy. It has a wide variety of uses, including speeding up a web server by caching repeated requests, caching World Wide Web (WWW), Domain Name System (DNS), and other network lookups for a group of people sharing network resources, and aiding security by filtering traffic. Although used for mainly HTTP and File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Squid includes limited support for several other protocols including Internet Gopher, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), Transport Layer Security (TLS), and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS). Squid does not support the SOCKS protocol, unlike Privoxy, with which Squid can be used in order to provide SOCKS support.

Squid was originally designed to run as a daemon on Unix-like systems. A Windows port was maintained up to version 2.7. New versions available on Windows use the Cygwin environment. Squid is free software released under the GNU General Public License.
Omana
Omana is a 1972 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed and produced by J. D. Thottan. The film stars Ravichandran, Prem Nazir, Sheela and Rani Chandra in the lead roles. The film had musical score by G. Devarajan.

G. Devarajan
Paravoor Govindan Devarajan (1927–2006), popularly known as G. Devarajan or Devarajan master, was an Indian music composer and Carnatic vocalist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Malayalam film music, as well as being a highly respected figure among South Indian film musicians as a whole. He scored music for more than 300 Malayalam films, many dramas, and twenty Tamil and four Kannada movies. His collaborations with Vayalar Ramavarma produced the golden era of Malayalam film music and many of his compositions remain evergreen classics in Malayalam. His music in the Tamil film Annai Velankanni has received many accolades. Devarajan received Kerala Government's Best Music Director award five times, among other honours. In 1999, he was honoured with the J. C. Daniel Award, Kerala government's highest honour for contributions to Malayalam cinema.
Laura Bechdejú
Laura Bechdejú Coll (born 9 May 2000) is a Spanish artistic gymnast. She represented Spain at the 2020 Summer Olympics and at the 2018 World Championships. She is a 2019 European all-around finalist and a four-time medalist at the Spanish Championships.

Cintia Rodríguez
Cintia Rodríguez Rodríguez (born 16 November 1994) is a retired Spanish artistic gymnast. She helped Spain qualify a women's team for the 2020 Summer Olympics through her performances at the 2019 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, marking the first time Spain have sent a women's team since Athens 2004.

Rodríguez was part of the Spanish team that won the bronze medal at the 2018 Mediterranean Games. She also won an individual bronze medal on the floor exercise.
Robert A. Mandell
Robert A. "Bobby" Mandell (born 1947) is an American attorney, diplomat and businessman who also served as the United States Ambassador to Luxembourg from 2011 to 2015.

Mandell practiced law before moving into family business in real estate development. In addition, he has been active in multiple state and national government bodies, including the Florida Environmental Regulation Commission, the Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority and the President's Export Council.

Mandell was a major donor to the 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns of Barack Obama and supported the 
Hillary Clinton campaign in 2016.  In 2019, President Donald Trump appointed Mandell, a Democrat, to the Board of Corporation for Public Broadcasting, a rare instance of Trump appointing a non-Republican to a governmental agency.

Florida Department of Environmental Regulation
The Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (DER) was the agency which, from the mid-1970s to the mid-1990s, handled regulation, management, conservation, compliance and enforcement of a wide range of environmental and natural resource activities in the state of Florida, United States. Prior to that time, these activities were functions of the Florida Department of Health and of the Florida Department of Pollution Control. DER has now been merged with the Florida Department of Natural Resources to form the Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

It performed a regulatory role, relying on air and water quality standards and waste management regulations. It was specifically tasked with the goals of:

keeping Florida's waters clean

keeping Florida's air clear of pollutants

keeping Florida's land free from contamination
16th Cinema Eye Honors
The 16th Cinema Eye Honors recognized outstanding artistry and craft in nonfiction filmmaking of 2022 and took place at the Museum of the Moving Image in Astoria, New York on January 12, 2023.

The broadcast category nominees as well as the recipient of the Legacy Award, given to the 1995 film Crumb, were announced on October 20, 2022. The Unforgettables and the Audience Choice Prize longlist were presented on October 25, 2022, while the nominations for the feature film categories were announced on November 10, 2022.

National Geographic films Fire of Love and The Territory led the nominations with seven each, becoming the films with the most nominations in a year in the history of the awards. In the broadcast nominations, the HBO film Four Hours at the Capitol led with three.

All That Breathes received the Outstanding Non-Fiction Feature while Fire of Love received the most awards with four wins, including three competitive awards plus The Unforgettables Award.

Crumb (film)
Crumb is a 1994 American documentary film about the noted underground cartoonist R. Crumb and his family (including his two brothers) and his outlook on life. Directed by Terry Zwigoff and produced by Lynn O'Donnell, it won widespread acclaim. It was released on the film festival circuit in September 1994 before being released theatrically in the United States on April 28, 1995, having been screened at film festivals (and winning the Documentary Prize at Sundance) that year. Jeffery M. Anderson (later critic for the San Francisco Examiner) placed the film on his list of the ten greatest films of all time, labeling it "the greatest documentary ever made." The Criterion Collection released the film on DVD and Blu-ray on August 10, 2010.
Charles Henry Davis
Charles Henry Davis ((1807-01-16)January 16, 1807 – (1877-02-18)February 18, 1877) was a self-educated American astronomer and rear admiral of the United States Navy. While working for the United States Coast Survey, he researched tides and currents, and located an uncharted shoal that had caused wrecks off of the coast of New York. During the American Civil War, he commanded the Western Gunboat Flotilla, where he won an important engagement in the First Battle of Memphis before capturing enemy supplies on a successful expedition up the Yazoo River. Davis was also one of the founders of the National Academy of Sciences in 1863 and he wrote several scientific books.

Historian Donald L. Miller describes Davis during the time of the Civil War as "tall, solemn-looking and contemplative, with a drooping mustache that hung over his mouth."

Yazoo River
32°20′8″N 90°53′50″W﻿ / ﻿32.33556°N 90.89722°W﻿ / 32.33556; -90.89722

The Yazoo River is a river primarily in the U.S. state of Mississippi. It marks the eastern boundary of the Mississippi Delta, a broad floodplain that was cultivated for cotton plantations before the American Civil War. It has continued to be devoted to large-scale agriculture.
Marcus Henry (wide receiver)
Marcus Henry (born February 21, 1986) is an American former professional football wide receiver. He played college football for the Kansas Jayhawks and was selected by the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL) in the sixth round of the 2008 NFL draft. He played for the Edmonton Eskimos, Ottawa Redblacks, and Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Ottawa Redblacks
The Ottawa Redblacks (officially stylized as REDBLACKS) (French: Rouge et Noir d'Ottawa) are a professional Canadian football team based in Ottawa. The team plays in the East Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Starting play in 2014, the Redblacks are the third CFL team to play in the city of Ottawa. The Ottawa Rough Riders, formed in 1876, were a founding member of the CFL in 1958 and played until 1996. A new Ottawa franchise was formed as the Renegades in 2002 and lasted until the end of the 2005 season. The Redblacks won the 2016 Grey Cup Championship, which ended a 40-year Grey Cup championship drought for the city of Ottawa.
Augustana University
Augustana University is a private Lutheran university in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States. The university identifies 1860 as the year of its founding, the same as its Rock Island, Illinois, Swedish-heritage sister school, Augustana College. It derives its name from the Confessio Augustana, or Augsburg Confession, a foundational document of Lutheranism. Until September 2015, the university was known as Augustana College.

Augustana is South Dakota's largest private university. It offers more than 100 majors, minors, and pre-professional and graduate programs.

Rock Island, Illinois
Rock Island is a city in Rock Island County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The population was 37,108 at the 2020 census. Located at the confluence of the Rock and Mississippi rivers, it is one of the Quad Cities along with neighboring Moline and East Moline in Illinois and the cities of Davenport and Bettendorf in Iowa. The Quad Cities metropolitan area had a population of 384,324 in 2020.

The city is home to Rock Island Arsenal, the largest government-owned weapons manufacturing arsenal in the United States, which employs 6,000 people. The original Rock Island, from which the city name is derived, is now called Arsenal Island.
Marvel Collectors' Item Classics
Marvel Collectors' Item Classics was an American comic book series published by Marvel Comics in the mid- to late-1960s that marked the first reprinting of many of the earliest Marvel stories. Primarily focused on the Fantastic Four, Iron Man, Doctor Strange, and the Hulk, it ran 22 issues before changing its name and page-count, becoming Marvel's Greatest Comics.

Tales of Suspense
Tales of Suspense is the name of an American comic book anthology series, and two one-shot comics, all published by Marvel Comics. The first, which ran from 1959 to 1968, began as a science-fiction anthology that served as a showcase for such artists as Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko, and Don Heck, then featured superheroes Captain America and Iron Man during the Silver Age of Comic Books before changing its title to Captain America with issue #100 (cover-dated April 1968). Its sister title was Tales to Astonish. Following the launch of Marvel Legacy in 2017, Tales of Suspense was once again resurrected at issue #100, featuring the Winter Soldier and Hawkeye in a story called "The Red Ledger".
Hipposideros kingstonae
Hipposideros kingstonae is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. First described in 2023, it was named after Tigga Kingston in honor of her work for bat conversation in Southeast Asia. It is securely known from far southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sabah in northern Borneo. However, it is likely more widespread on Borneo and may also occur on the nearby island of Palawan in the Philippines. Based on mitochondrial DNA data, the species is most closely related to Hipposideros bicolor and Hipposideros kunzi. However, morphologically it resembles another closely related species, Hipposideros einnaythu from Myanmar. However, H. einnaythu is slightly larger and differs in details of the noseleaf and baculum.

Bicolored roundleaf bat
The bicolored roundleaf bat (Hipposideros bicolor) is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, and Timor-Leste. This bat inhabits caves, rock crevices and tunnels among lowland forests. They roost in large numbers and consume mostly small winged insects. Their navigation and hunting skills come from the use of echolocation. Its leafnose is used to release ultrasonic shouts to distinguish its surroundings. Echolocation is also used to distinguish other species based on their wingbeat and size. The habitat of this bat decides the color of its fur. Bleaching fumes of a cave environment will cause an orange colored fur. Those who inhabit a well-ventilated roost will be a light brown color.