hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tatiana Erukhimova
Tatiana Lvovna Erukhimova (Russian: Татьяна Львовна Ерухимова) is a Russian-born American physicist. As a professor and The Marshall L’ 69 and Ralph F. Shilling ’68 Endowed Chair in the Department of Physics & Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Erukhimova was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society "for developing and disseminating innovative physics education programs for college students and the public, and for organizing major science festivals in university settings." She was also elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a Fellow of the American Association of Physics Teachers.

American Association of Physics Teachers
The American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) was founded in 1930 for the purpose of "dissemination of knowledge of physics, particularly by way of teaching." There are more than 10,000 members in over 30 countries. AAPT publications include two peer-reviewed journals, the American Journal of Physics and The Physics Teacher. The association has two annual National Meetings (winter and summer) and has regional sections with their own meetings and organization. The association also offers grants and awards for physics educators, including the Richtmyer Memorial Award and programs and contests for physics educators and students. It is headquartered at the American Center for Physics in College Park, Maryland.
Maximilian Lerner
Maximilian Lerner (September 4, 1924 – September 10, 2022) was an Austrian-born American known for his work in the Military Intelligence Service during World War II. His training at Camp Ritchie during the war classifies him as one of the Ritchie Boys.

Fort Ritchie
Fort Ritchie in Cascade, Maryland was a military installation southwest of Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania and southeast of Waynesboro in the area of South Mountain. Following the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission, it closed in 1998.
Max Ringelmann
Maximilien Ringelmann (10 December 1861, Paris – 2 May 1931, Paris): 55   was a French professor of agricultural engineering and agronomic engineer  who was involved in the scientific testing and development of agricultural machinery.

Ringelmann's interests were wide-ranging: he developed the Ringelmann scale which is still used to measure smoke. 
He also discovered the Ringelmann effect in social psychology, viz, that when working in groups, individuals slacken.

Agricultural machinery
Agricultural machinery refers to mechanical devices, vehicles, and structures used in farming or other agriculture. There are many types of such equipment, from hand tools and power tools to tractors and the farm implements that they tow or operate. Machinery is used in both organic and nonorganic farming. Especially since the advent of mechanised agriculture, agricultural machinery is an indispensable part of how the world is fed.

Agricultural machinery can be regarded as part of wider agricultural automation technologies, which includes the more advanced digital equipment and agricultural robotics. While robots have the potential to automate the three key steps involved in any agricultural operation (diagnosis, decision-making and performing), conventional motorized machinery is used principally to automate only the performing step where diagnosis and decision-making are conducted by humans based on observations and experience.
Afrocarduus
Afrocarduus is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family, Asteraceae. It includes ten species of thistles native to the mountains of tropical Africa, ranging from Nigeria to Ethiopia and Zimbabwe.

All the species in the genus are native to Afromontane or Afroalpine regions of Africa, ranging from 1600 and 4600 meters elevation. Some are restricted to a single mountain or mountain range, while others are native to two or more ranges, some widespread.

The species now placed in genus Afrocarduus were previously placed in genus Carduus as subgenus Afrocarduus. The sub-Saharan African species have morphological and karyological features of genera Carduus and Cirsium. A phylogenetic study by Moreyra et al. concluded that these African species formed a clade distinct from Carduus and Cirsium, and sister to the newly described genus Afrocirsium.

Afromontane
The Afromontane regions are subregions of the Afrotropical realm, one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms, covering the plant and animal species found in the mountains of Africa and the southern Arabian Peninsula. The Afromontane regions of Africa are discontinuous, separated from each other by lower-lying areas, and are sometimes referred to as the Afromontane archipelago, as their distribution is analogous to a series of sky islands.
Katie Cappelletti
Katherine Cappelletti (born September 12, 2002) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper. She played college soccer for the Saint Joseph's Hawks and began her professional career with the North Carolina Courage in 2025.

North Carolina Courage
The North Carolina Courage are an American professional soccer team based in Cary, North Carolina, that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). It was founded on January 9, 2017, after Stephen Malik acquired NWSL franchise rights from the Western New York Flash. The Courage plays its home games at WakeMed Soccer Park.

In 2018, the Courage became the first team in NWSL history to win the Shield and the Championship in the same season. In 2019, the team became the first team to win the Championship on its home field.
Rose-throated becard
The rose-throated becard (Pachyramphus aglaiae) is a medium-sized passerine bird of the family Tityridae. It breeds from southeasternmost Arizona and extreme southern Texas in the United States and across Central America to western Panama. Males are mostly gray with a dark crest and have a characteristic rose-colored neck bib, which is absent in certain rainforest populations. Females also have a dark crest but are otherwise browner, with rusty-brown upperparts and pale buffy underparts.

The rose-throated becard is an omnivore, consuming fruit, berries, seeds, and (primarily) insects, either on the wing or by gleaning. Its typical habitat is riparian woodland and other semi-arid or subtropical open habitats with scattered trees. Breeding typically begins in May, with three to six eggs being laid in a domed nest suspended from a high tree branch.

Tityridae
Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The 45 species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae and Cotingidae (see Taxonomy). As yet, no widely accepted common name exists for the family, although tityras and allies and tityras, mourners and allies have been used. They are small to medium-sized birds. Under current classification, the family ranges in size from the buff-throated purpletuft, at 9.5 cm (3.7 in) and 10 grams (0.35 ounces), to the masked tityra, at up to 24 cm (9.5 in) and 88 grams (3.1 ounces). Most have relatively short tails and large heads.
Phyllis Kaminsky
Phyllis Kaminsky (born 1936/1937) is an American public relations and political consultant. She served as press secretary for the national security adviser, Richard V. Allen, before working as a press liaison to the National Security Council and as the director of the office of public liaison for the United States Information Agency. She was the first American to work as director of the United Nations Information Center Washington.

United States National Security Council
The United States National Security Council (NSC) is the national security council used by the president of the United States for consideration of national security, military, and foreign policy matters. Based in the White House, it is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, and composed of senior national security advisors and presidential cabinet officials.

Since its inception in 1947 by President Harry S. Truman, the function of the council has been to advise and assist the president on national security and foreign policies. It also serves as the president's principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government agencies. The council has subsequently played a key role in most major events in U.S. foreign policy, from the Korean War to the war on terror.
Ramesh Pokhriyal
Ramesh Pokhriyal "Nishank" (born 15 July 1959) is an Indian politician from Bhartiya Janta Party. He served as the Human Resource Development Minister in the Union Government of India starting from 31 May 2019. The name of his ministry was changed to Education Ministry in July 2020, following the ministry's name change, his title was changed to Minister of Education.

He represented the Haridwar Parliamentary constituency of Uttarakhand in the 17th Lok Sabha. 
He was the 5th Chief Minister of Uttarakhand from 2009 to 2011. Due to corruption allegations he was asked to resign from his post by the BJP Central Leadership.

Haridwar Lok Sabha constituency
Haridwar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the five Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttarakhand. It comprises two districts namely Dehradun (part) and Haridwar. This constituency came into existence in 1977, following the delimitation of Lok Sabha constituencies. Between the period of 1977 and 2009, this constituency was reserved for the Scheduled Caste candidates.
Arif Mustafa Jatoi
Arif Mustafa Jatoi is a Pakistani politician who has been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from August 2018 till August 2023. Previously he was a member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from 2002 till 2008 and 2008 till 2013.

Provincial Assembly of Sindh
The Provincial Assembly of Sindh is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives of the Pakistani province of Sindh, and is located in Karachi, its provincial capital. It was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan having a total of 168 seats, with 130 general seats, 29 seats reserved for women and 9 seats reserved for non-Muslims.

There was previously a Sind Legislative Assembly in the 
Sind Province of British India and in the early years of the state of Pakistan.
Jean-Louis Palladin
Jean-Louis Palladin (May 7, 1946 – November 25, 2001) was a French-born chef who introduced French Nouvelle cuisine to the Washington elite at his restaurant, Jean-Louis at the Watergate, and influenced a generation of French and American chefs.

James Beard Foundation Award
The James Beard Foundation Awards are annual awards presented by the James Beard Foundation to recognize chefs, restaurateurs, authors and journalists in the United States. The James Beard Foundation Awards have been likened to the Academy Awards of the food world due to its prestige and recognition.

The awards are voted on by more than 600 culinary professionals, including previous award winners. Recipients receive a medallion etched with the image of James Beard and a certificate from the foundation.
Frank Jao
Frank Jao (born June 1949) is a Vietnamese American businessman, philanthropist, and educational consultant. In 1978, Jao founded the Bridgecreek Development Company, a commercial real estate firm responsible for developing about half of Little Saigon, Orange County, including Asian Garden Mall. As a philanthropist, Jao is involved in funding various universities and colleges such as University of California, Irvine and Coastline College. From 2005 to 2006, Jao was appointed by President Bush as chairman of the Vietnam Education Foundation.

Coastline College
Coastline College is a California public community college with mini-campuses in Westminster, Garden Grove, and Newport Beach, and an administration building in Fountain Valley, California. The college offers Associate in Arts degrees, Associate in Science degrees, courses to prepare students to transfer to a four-year college or university, and career and technical courses that can lead to career advancement and/or an occupational certificate. The college was founded in 1976 and is part of the Coast Community College District and the California Community Colleges.
The (R)evolution of Steve Jobs
The (R)evolution of Steve Jobs is an opera with music by American composer Mason Bates and an English-language libretto by Mark Campbell. It was commissioned by Santa Fe Opera, Seattle Opera, San Francisco Opera, the Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University, with support from Cal Performances. The opera is about Steve Jobs, one of the most influential people in recent history; it is set at a time when he must confront his own mortality and circle back on the events that shaped his personal and professional life.

Seattle Opera
Seattle Opera is an American opera company based in Seattle, Washington. The company's season runs from August through late May, comprising five or six operas of eight to ten performances each, often featuring double casts in major roles to allow for successive evening presentations.

Since August 2003, Seattle Opera has performed at Marion Oliver McCaw Hall (capacity: 2,967), which was built on the site of the old Seattle Opera House at Seattle Center. The company's current general director is James Robinson.
Line 24 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 24 will be a future subway line on the Shanghai Metro. The line was announced by the Municipal government in 2016.
 It will run in a north–south direction through Pudong and connect the Huangpu River bank in Yangpu District with the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum. It will form a ring around the Middle Ring Road together with Line 20 and Line 22.

Line 22 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 22 of the Shanghai Metro, formerly named Chongming line (Chinese: 崇明线; pinyin: Chóngmíng xiàn) is a rapid transit line on the Shanghai Metro that is part of the 2018–2023 Shanghai Metro plan. The Chongming line was previously treated as the last phase of Line 9, and was Line 19 until 2016, when it was renamed the Chongming line. It would then be renamed as Line 22 in September 2024.

The Chongming line will start at Jinji Road in Pudong and end at Yu'an in Chongming District, and will interchange with Lines 9 and 12. It will be 42.8 kilometres (26.6 mi) long, including a 40.7-kilometre (25.3 mi) underground section.

The phase I construction is expected to be opened at the end of 2026. The phase I start at Jinji Road in Pudong and end at Changxing Island in Chongming District, is 22.4 kilometers long, all of which are underground, with 5 stations and 1 vehicle base.
Gang Badoy
Therese "Gang" Tianco Badoy Capati, still often referred to by her maiden name, Gang Badoy, is a radio and television host, feature writer, businesswoman, and educator from the Philippines, best known for founding RockEd Philippines, an advocacy and alternative education group that continues to showcase social issues through music events featuring voluntary performing artists and rock bands, and its radio talk show, RockEd Radio on the now defunct NU 107.  Rock Ed Radio returned to the airwaves since January 2012 over Jam 88.3.

In November 2010 she was presented with an award by Philippine President Benigno Aquino III as one of The Outstanding Women in the Nation's Service (TOWNS) for that year.  Badoy was also given the Ten Outstanding Young Men or TOYM Award making her the only Filipino to win both prestigious awards on the same year. (2010)

DWJM
DWJM (88.3 FM), broadcasting as Jam 88.3, is a radio station owned and operated by Raven Broadcasting Corporation, one of the partner stations of Tiger 22 Media. The station's studio is located at Unit 906-B Paragon Plaza, EDSA cor. Reliance St., Mandaluyong, while its transmitter is located at Palos Verdes Executive Village, Sumulong Highway, Brgy. Sta. Cruz, Antipolo.
Death and state funeral of Gerald Ford
On December 26, 2006, Gerald Ford, the 38th president of the United States and the 40th vice president, died at his home in Rancho Mirage, California, at 6:45 p.m. local time (02:45, December 27, UTC). At 8:49 p.m. local time, his wife of 58 years, Betty Ford, issued a statement announcing his death. The causes of death listed on the death certificate were arteriosclerotic cerebrovascular disease and diffuse arteriosclerosis.

At the age of 93 years and 165 days, Ford was the longest-lived U.S. president in history at the time of his death, a record which has since been surpassed by George H. W. Bush and Jimmy Carter.

Ford was the second former U.S. president to die during the presidency of George W. Bush and the second to die in the twenty-first century, the first being Ronald Reagan.

State funeral
A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive elements of military tradition. Generally, state funerals are held in order to involve the general public in a national day of mourning after the family of the deceased gives consent. A state funeral will often generate mass publicity from both national and global media outlets.
Regina LaBelle
Regina LaBelle is a professor and the director of the Addiction and Public Policy Initiative at the Georgetown University Law Center's O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law. She was the acting director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) from January 20, 2021 to November 5, 2021, and the only woman to ever lead this office. She was named deputy director and served as acting director by President Joe Biden on the first day of his presidency. Prior to her work with the Biden Administration, she was the Chief of Staff of ONDCP under President Barack Obama.

As Acting Director, LaBelle led the office in developing the Biden Administration’s drug policy priorities, including a historic focus on harm reduction programs in an effort to address the overdose epidemic. LaBelle has testified before the U.S. House and Senate.

Georgetown University Law Center
Georgetown University Law Center is the law school of Georgetown University, a private research university in Washington, D.C., United States. It was established in 1870 and is the largest law school in the United States by enrollment, with over 2,000 students. It frequently receives the most full-time applications of any law school in the United States. Georgetown is considered part of the T14, an unofficial designation in the legal community of the best 14 law schools in the United States.

The school's campus is less than a mile from the U.S. Capitol Building and U.S. Supreme Court. Prominent alumni include 11 current members of the United States Congress, federal and state judges, billionaires, and diplomats.
R.A. Clement School
R.A. Clement School is a historic school located at Cleveland, Rowan County, North Carolina.

The H-shaped brick building was built in 1929 as a Rosenwald school. Rufus Alexander Clement, born a slave in 1847, helped to get the school built along with his wife Emma. Four teachers taught African-American students in eleven grades. For the twelfth grade students went to J. C. Price High School in Salisbury. The school closed in 1968, after which a group later known as West Rowan Neighborhood Center Advisory Council bought the building and made it a community center. Eventually, the advisory council could not keep the property, which stood empty until 2003 when the alumni association purchased it and started renovations.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places January 10, 2019.

J. C. Price High School
J.C. Price High School, also known as the Joseph Charles Price High School, is a historic high school complex located at Salisbury, Rowan County, North Carolina. The school served as Salisbury's high school for African-American students from 1932 through the 1968–1969 school year. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

J. C. Price High School was originally housed in the Monroe Street School. The Rosenwald Fund supported the construction of a school building with a grant of $5,300. A gymnasium was built in 1951, a classroom building was built parallel to the original building in 1956–1957, and cafeteria in 1956-1957

The complex consists of four symmetrically positioned one-story brick buildings built between 1931 and 1957.  The original building was built in 1931–1932, and is an H-shaped, Colonial Revival-style brick building.
Nemiya Helmet
The Nemiya Helmet is a conical helmet from the 11th century that was discovered near the Dniester river on the territory of present-day Ukraine. It is an outstanding example of medieval metalworking, and a testimony of the importance of the Dniester trade route in Southeastern Europe.

Dniester
The Dniester (/ˈniːstər/ NEE-stər) is a transboundary river in Eastern Europe. It runs first through Ukraine and then through Moldova (from which it more or less separates the breakaway territory of Transnistria), finally discharging into the Black Sea on Ukrainian territory again.
Denis Shishov
Denis Nikolayevich Shishov (Russian: Денис Николаевич Шишов, born 1981) is a Russian Airborne Forces major general who has been the commanding officer of the 76th Guards Air Assault Division since April 2022. He was awarded the title Hero of the Russian Federation in February 2022.

Hero of the Russian Federation
Hero of the Russian Federation (Russian: Герой Российской Федерации, romanized: Geroy Rossiyskoy Federatsii, Russian pronunciation: [ɡʲɪˈroj rɐˈsʲijskəj fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨɪ]), also unofficially called Hero of Russia (Russian: Герой России, romanized: Geroy Rossii, Russian pronunciation: [ɡʲɪˈroj rɐˈsʲiɪ]), is the highest honorary title of the Russian Federation. The title has a Gold Star medal, an insignia of honour that identifies recipients.

The title is awarded to persons for "service to the Russian state and nation, usually connected with a heroic feat of valour". The title is bestowed by decree of the president of the Russian Federation. Russian citizenship or being in the service of the Russian state is not obligatory.

The title was established in 1992 and, as of 2015, was awarded more than 970 times, of which more than 440 were posthumously.
Treaties of Good Correspondence
The Treaties of Good Correspondence were agreements drawn up under the Ancien Régime by the Basques of France and those of Spain, designed to guarantee the continuity of their economic relations despite the wars between the two countries.

The first treaties appeared at the end of the 13th century and remained in use until the early 19th century. They were signed on Île des Faisans by representatives of each of the parties, under the supervision of the highest authorities of each of the two states, France and Spain.

Other examples of the same economic pragmatism can still be found today all along the border between Spain and France, the latest dating from 1957 between Vera de Bidassoa and Sare. On the other hand, other peoples, such as the Sámi, still use the same logic to protect themselves from the political ups and downs between states.

Pheasant Island
Pheasant Island (French: Île des Faisans/Île de la Conférence, Spanish: Isla de los Faisanes, Basque: Konpantzia, Faisaien Uhartea Konferentziako Uhartea, Faisaien Irla) is an uninhabited river island located in the Bidasoa river, located between France and Spain, whose administration alternates between the two nations every six months.