hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Greg Scruggs
Greg Scruggs (born August 17, 1990) is an American football coach and former defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He is currently the assistant defensive line coach for the San Francisco 49ers of the NFL. Scruggs played college football for the Louisville Cardinals, and was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the 2012 NFL draft. He also played professionally for the New England Patriots and the Chicago Bears. Scruggs was previously a defensive line coach for the New York Jets, Cincinnati Bearcats, and the Wisconsin Badgers.

Wisconsin Badgers football
The Wisconsin Badgers football program represents the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the sport of American football. Wisconsin competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) within the Big Ten Conference (Big Ten). The Badgers have competed in the Big Ten since its formation in 1896. They play their home games at Camp Randall Stadium, the fourth-oldest stadium in college football.

Wisconsin is one of 26 College football programs to win 700 or more games. The program has been one of the most successful since the 1990s. Wisconsin has had two Heisman Trophy winners, Alan Ameche and Ron Dayne, and has had twelve former players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.
Tim Stearns
Tim Stearns (born 1961 in Manhasset, New York) is an American scientist and university administrator. He is the Dean of Graduate and Postgraduate Studies, Vice President of Education, and Head of the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics at The Rockefeller University. Stearns was formerly the Frank Lee and Carol Hall Professor in the Department of Biology at Stanford University, with appointments in the Department of Genetics and the Cancer Center in the Stanford Medical School. Stearns served as chair of the Department of Biology at Stanford, 2014-2020, as well as Acting Dean of Research and Senior Associate Vice Provost of Research. He also chaired the 52nd Faculty Senate, 2019-2020. Stearns is an HHMI Professor, and is a member of JASON, a scientific advisory group. He has served on the editorial boards of The Journal of Cell Biology, Genetics and Molecular Biology of the Cell.

JASON (advisory group)
JASON is an independent group of elite scientists who advise the United States government on matters of science and technology, mostly of a sensitive nature. The group was created in the aftermath of the Sputnik launch as a way to reinvigorate the idea of having the nation's preeminent scientists help the government with defense problems, similar to the way that scientists helped in World War II but with a new and younger generation. It was established in 1960 and has somewhere between 30 and 60 members. Its work first gained public notoriety as the source of the Vietnam War's McNamara Line electronic barrier. Although most of its research is military-focused, JASON also produced early work on the science of global warming and acid rain. Current unclassified research interests include health informatics, cyberwarfare, and renewable energy.
Cirsa
Cirsa Enterprises, S.A. (branded CIRSA) is a Spanish multinational casino and gambling‑machine operator founded in Terrassa in 1978. The group runs 447 casinos and gambling halls and more than 83,000 slot machines across eleven regulated markets, making it Spain’s largest casino operator.  Private‑equity firm Blackstone bought the company in 2018 and is now floating up to 25 % of its shares on the Bolsa de Madrid at a set price of €15, implying a post‑money valuation of €2.5 billion.  Cirsa posted record revenue of €2.15 billion and EBITDA of €699 million in 2024, its third consecutive year of all‑time‑high results.

Blackstone Inc.
Blackstone Inc. is an American alternative investment management company based in New York City. It was founded in 1985 as a mergers and acquisitions firm by Peter Peterson and Stephen Schwarzman, who had previously worked together at Lehman Brothers. Blackstone's private equity business has been one of the largest investors in leveraged buyouts in the last three decades, while its real estate business has actively acquired commercial real estate across the globe. Blackstone is also active in credit, infrastructure, hedge funds, secondaries, growth equity, and insurance solutions. As of September 30, 2025, Blackstone has $1.2 trillion in total assets under management, making it the world's largest alternative investment firm.
Wasit
Wasit (Arabic: وَاسِط, romanized: Wāsiṭ, Syriac: ‎ܘܐܣܛ) was an early Islamic city in Iraq. It was founded in the 8th century by the Umayyad viceroy of Iraq, al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, to serve as the region's seat and as the garrison of the Syrian troops who enforced Umayyad rule there. It was situated between the two traditional administrative centers and garrisons of Iraq, Kufa and Basra, hence its name Wasit (lit. 'middle'). The city was abandoned centuries later and its ruins are located in the eponymous Wasit Governorate, southeast of Kut in southeastern Iraq.

Amsar
Amṣar (Arabic: أمصار), refer to civilised cities and large areas in which houses, markets, schools and other public facilities are located. The plural form also sometimes referred to 'garrison towns' or structures that were established by Muslim warriors in conquered lands, in the first centuries of Islam.

In the early years of Islamic expansion, the term misr was applied to new settlements founded by Muslim troops in conquered territories. The original Semitic meaning was "frontier" or "border", and took the meaning of "frontier outpost" when used by early Arab geographers. An administrative territorial unit led by an appointee of the caliph also became known as a misr. From the common noun for "garrison city", Misr became the name of Egypt's new Arab capital, and with time the entire country became known under this new Arabic name. The first misrs were created under Caliph Omar during his reign from AD 634 to 644. Many of these garrisons attracted civilians and became towns.
Roto North America
Roto North America is a window/door hardware manufacturing and distribution company that comprises Roto Frank of America, Inc., based in Chester, Connecticut, US, and Roto Fasco Canada Inc., based in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.

Roto Frank of America and Roto Fasco Canada are wholly owned subsidiaries of Roto AG, headquartered in Germany.

Through Roto Frank of America and Roto Fasco Canada, Roto North America manufactures and offers a variety of North American and European window and door hardware products.

Chester, Connecticut
Chester is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 3,749 at the 2020 census. The town center is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP). The name is a transfer from Chester, in England.
Travel de Courcey
Travel de Courcey was a bus and coach operator based near Coventry in the West Midlands region of England. It operated local bus services in the Coventry and Warwickshire area and National Express contracts.

National Express Coaches
National Express, also abbreviated NX, is a long and medium-distance intercity coach operator operating services throughout Great Britain. It is a subsidiary of the British multinational public transport company Mobico Group. Most services are subcontracted to local coach companies. The company's head office is in offices above Birmingham Coach Station.
Alpheus fasqueli
Alpheus fasqueli is a crustacean belonging to the family of snapping shrimp. It was first isolated in Sri Lanka. It counts with a setose carapace, an acute and carinate rostrum, and unarmed orbital hoods. Its basicerite has a strong ventrolateral tooth. The lamella of its scaphocerite is not reduced. Its third maxilliped counts with an epipodial plate bearing thick setae, while its first chelipeds are found with their merus bearing a strong disto-mesial tooth; its third pereiopod has an armed ischium, with a simple and conical dactylus. Its telson is broad, distally tapering, with 2 pairs of dorsal spines. The species is named after Frédéric Fasquel, a photographer who contributed rare shrimp specimens for the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle.

Arthropod mouthparts
The mouthparts of arthropods have evolved into a number of forms, each adapted to a different style or mode of feeding.  Most mouthparts are modified pairs of appendages, which in ancestral forms would have appeared more like legs than mouthparts, being less-specialized or "primitive". In general, arthropods have mouthparts for cutting, chewing, piercing, sucking, shredding, siphoning, and filtering. This article outlines the basic elements of four arthropod-groups: Insects, myriapods, crustaceans, and chelicerates. Insects are used as the model, with the novel mouthparts of the other groups introduced in turn. Insects are however not the ancestral form of the other arthropods discussed here; they are not the basalmost arthropods. In different types of arthropods, jointed appendages around the mouth are modified in different ways and form mouth parts.
Baeja
Baeja (/ˈbeɪʒə/ BAY-zhə; Korean: 배자; Hanja: 褙子; RR: Baeja) is a type of traditional Korean vest which is worn over the jeogori by both men and women. It is generally sleeveless; however some baeja may have short sleeves. It was worn during the Joseon period and continues to be worn in present days. During the Joseon period, some forms of baeja (such as the ones used in the jeokui) were also introduced from China's Ming dynasty as bestowed clothing to the royal family.

Jeogori
Jeogori or tseogori (Korean: 저고리; Korean pronunciation: [t͡ɕʌ̹ɡo̞ɾi]) is a basic upper garment of the hanbok, a traditional Korean garment, which has been worn by both men and women. Men usually wear the jeogori with a baji or pants while women wear the jeogori with chima, or skirts. It covers the arms and upper part of the wearer's body.
Edward Grebow
Edward Grebow was the President and CEO of Amalgamated Bank from 2011 to 2013. He is currently the Managing Director of Lakewood Advisors, which specializes in advising financial firms, media technology companies and nonprofit organizations.

From 2007 to 2010, Grebow was Managing Director at J.C. Flowers & Co.   Grebow was retained to oversee J.C. Flowers & Co.’s 25 billion dollar acquisition of Sallie Mae.

From 2002 to 2003, Grebow served as the President of the Metropolitan Television Alliance (MTVA), a consortium of 11 New York area broadcasters. As President, Grebow directed the negotiations with public and private entities to replace the broadcast towers atop the World Trade Center that were destroyed on September 11, 2001.

From 2003 to 2006 Grebow was the president of ULLICO, where he implemented a business plan to restore ULLICO's financial strength rating, as well as rebuilding its position as a financial services company for labor unions and their pension plans.

J.C. Flowers & Co.
J.C. Flowers & Co. is an American private equity investment firm, focused on investments in the financial services sector. The firm, founded in 2001, is based in New York City and run by billionaire J. Christopher Flowers, a former Goldman Sachs partner. As of 2017, the firm had invested more than $15 billion in capital.

JC Flowers manages two private equity funds, J.C. Flowers I LP, closed in 2002 with $900 million of committed capital, and J.C. Flowers II LP, closed in 2006 with $7.0 billion of committed capital.  Both funds are focused exclusively on the financial services sector.  JC Flowers in Europe is led by its managing director, David Morgan.
Gnanalingam Gunanathlingam
Gnanalingam Gunanathlingam (Tamil:‌‌ ஜ்ஞாநலிங்கம் குணநாதலிங்கம்; 10 September 1944 – 11 July 2023) was a Malaysian businessman. He was the executive chairman of West Port, Malaysia, one of Malaysia's leading port operators.

The Singapore-born captain of industry, who grew up in Port Dickson and Kuala Pilah, was of Sri Lankan Tamil ancestry. He joined the privately held port in 1994 and was instrumental in steering the port into a leading cargo and freight player in Asia.

West Port, Malaysia
Westports Malaysia Sdn Bhd (formerly known as Kelang Multi Terminal Sdn Bhd) is a multi-cargo terminal located on Pulau Indah, Port Klang, Malaysia which is accessible by road via Pulau Indah Expressway, connecting to the KESAS Highway. On 1 October 2013, Pulau Indah was directly connected to the Malaysian Administrative Capital, Putrajaya via the South Klang Valley Expressway.

Westports is the first port in Malaysia to have a fully automated operation system. It handles all types of cargoes in containers, breakbulk, dry bulk, liquid bulk, vehicles (roll-on roll-off) and other conventional cargoes. Located along the straits of Malacca, Westports, collectively with Northport as Port Klang, has become the 18th busiest seaport in the world.

Ruben Gnanalingam is the company's CEO.
Punchball
Punchball is a sport spawned by and similar to baseball, but without a pitcher, catcher, or bat.

The "batter" essentially plays "fungo" without a bat, bouncing or tossing up the ball and then using a volleyball type approach to put the ball in play, punching the ball with his fist. The ball was usually a rubber spaldeen or pensie pinkie, but even a tennis ball or wad of taped-up paper can be used. Base stealing, foul balls, and bunting are not allowed.

Baseball bat
A baseball bat is a smooth wooden or metal club used in the sport of baseball to hit the ball after it is thrown by the pitcher. By regulation it may be no more than 2.61 inches (6.6 cm) in diameter at the thickest part and no more than 42 inches (1.067 m) in length. Although historically bats approaching 3 pounds (1.4 kg) or 48 oz were used, modern bats of 33 ounces (0.94 kg) are common, topping out at 34 to 36 ounces (0.96 to 1.02 kg).
Brides (magazine)
Brides (stylized in all caps) is an American website published by Dotdash Meredith, who purchased the title in 2019. Originally a magazine, Brides is now an online-only publication, with quarterly digital issues.

As with many similar bridal magazines, it was designed to be an in-depth resource for brides-to-be, with many photographs and articles on wedding dresses, cakes, ceremonies, receptions, and honeymoons.

Wedding
A wedding is a ceremony in which two people are united in marriage. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnicities, races, religions, denominations, countries, social classes, and sexual orientations. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of marriage vows by a couple; a presentation of a gift (e.g., an offering, rings, a symbolic item, flowers, money, or a dress); and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or celebrant. Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is sometimes followed by a wedding reception. Music, poetry, prayers, or readings from religious texts or literature are also commonly incorporated into the ceremony, as well as superstitious customs.
Julie McElrath
Dr. Juliana McElrath (born January 9, 1951) is an American physician-scientist and HIV researcher. She serves as senior vice president and director of the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and is a professor at the University of Washington.

McElrath established an international human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine laboratory. Her research focuses on HIV vaccine development, investigating the relationship between HIV and the immune system, and has received support from the National Institutes of Health as well as the Gates Foundation.

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, formerly known as the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and also known as Fred Hutch or The Hutch, is a cancer research institute established in 1975 in Seattle, Washington.
Public Health Research Institute
The Public Health Research Institute (PHRI) was founded in 1942 by New York City's mayor, Fiorello La Guardia, who appointed David M. Heyman to lead it as an independent not-for-profit research organization. In the late 1980s it was referred to as Public Health Research Institute – New York In 2002, they moved to Newark, New Jersey. PHRI became part of the New Jersey Medical School in 2006 and since 2013 it has been part at Rutgers University.

New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (also known as NYC Health) is the department of the government of New York City responsible for public health along with issuing birth certificates, dog licenses, and conducting restaurant inspection and enforcement. The New York City Board of Health is part of the department. Its regulations are compiled in title 24 of the New York City Rules (the New York City Health Code). The current Acting commissioner is Dr. Michelle E. Morse. The New York State Department of Health, through the Public Health Law and State Sanitary Code, supervises and enforces statewide standards.
Prangins Castle
Prangins Castle is a castle in the municipality of Prangins of the Canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

It is home to one part of the Swiss National Museum. There are other parts are in Zurich and Schwyz. At Prangins, the displays focus mainly on daily life in the castle and the region. There are also displays relating to Swiss history, as well as temporary exhibitions and cultural events. There is a café, serving drinks, snacks and lunch. The terrace has views of Lake Geneva and the Alps.

Swiss National Museum
The Swiss National Museum (German: Landesmuseum, French: Musée national) is a museum in Zurich, Switzerland's largest city, adjacent to Zürich Hauptbahnhof (main railway station) and the Platzspitz park. It is part of the Musée Suisse Group, which is itself affiliated with the Federal Office of Culture.
New Hampshire Route 78
New Hampshire Route 78 (abbreviated NH 78) is a 3.456-mile-long (5.562 km) secondary state highway in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. A northward extension of Massachusetts Route 78, NH 78 runs entirely within the town of Winchester from the state border to downtown, where it ends at New Hampshire Route 10 and New Hampshire Route 119.

Cheshire County, New Hampshire
Cheshire County is a county in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2020 census, the population was 76,458. Its county seat is the city of Keene. Cheshire was one of the five original counties of New Hampshire, and is named for the county of Cheshire in England. It was organized in 1771 at Keene. Sullivan County was created from the northern portion of Cheshire County in 1827. Cheshire County comprises the Keene, NH micropolitan statistical area.
Ariad Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Eli Lilly & Co.
Ariad Pharmaceuticals et al. v. Eli Lilly and Company, 598 F.3d 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2010) (en banc), is a United States court case regarding accusations of infringement by Eli Lilly on U.S. patent 6,410,516 held by ARIAD Pharmaceuticals. The Federal Circuit ruled en banc to invalidate the patent for a lack of sufficient description of the invention.  Amici briefing before the en banc panel was intensive, with 26 separate briefs filed, and the final decision has been heavily discussed by legal commentators.  Its ultimate impact on biotechnology patents remains to be determined.

Sufficiency of disclosure
Sufficiency of disclosure or enablement is a patent law requirement that a patent application disclose a claimed invention in sufficient detail so that the person skilled in the art could carry out that claimed invention. The requirement is fundamental to patent law: a monopoly is granted for a given period of time in exchange for a disclosure to the public how to make or practice the invention.
Bad Arolsen
Bad Arolsen (German: [baːt ˈʔaːʁɔlzn̩] ⓘ, until 1997 Arolsen, Bad being the German name for Spa) is a small town in northern Hesse, Germany, in Waldeck-Frankenberg district. From 1655 until 1918 it served as the residence town of the Princes of Waldeck-Pyrmont and then until 1929 as the capital of the Waldeck Free State. The International Tracing Service has its headquarters in Bad Arolsen.

Free State of Waldeck-Pyrmont
The Free State of Waldeck-Pyrmont (German: Freistaat Waldeck-Pyrmont), later the Free State of Waldeck (Freistaat Waldeck), was a constituent state of the Weimar Republic. It was created following the German Revolution which forced Prince Friedrich of Waldeck and Pyrmont along with the other German monarchs to abdicate.

On 30 November 1921, following a local plebiscite, the city and district of Pyrmont were detached and incorporated into the Prussian province of Hanover. The remainder of the State was incorporated into the Free State of Prussia on 1 May 1929, following another plebiscite, and became part of the province of Hesse-Nassau. The territory is today part of the District of Waldeck-Frankenberg in Hesse.
Jane Ward (volleyball)
Jane Lois Ward (April 30, 1928 – November 24, 2024) was an American volleyball player and coach. She played for the United States national team at the 1955 Pan American Games, the 1956 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship, the 1959 Pan American Games, the 1960 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship, the 1963 Pan American Games, the 1964 Summer Olympics, the 1967 Pan American Games, and the 1968 Summer Olympics.

United States women's national volleyball team
The United States women's national volleyball team participates in international volleyball competitions and friendly games, and is governed by USA Volleyball. Their last head coach was three-time Olympic gold medalist and retired dominant beach volleyball player Karch Kiraly.

Before 2014, the United States women's national volleyball team had achieved second place six times in major competitions (1967 World Women's Volleyball Championship, 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games, 2002 World Women's Volleyball Championship, 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, 2011 World Cup, 2012 London Olympic Games) but had never reached the top. In 2014, the team had a breakthrough to capture its first major title by defeating China in the Women's Volleyball World Championship final. The team captured its first Olympic gold medal at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
Paul Bulß
Paul Bulß (19 December 1847 – 19 March 1902) was a German baritone, mostly in opera but also in concert and recital, who appeared at leading court opera houses including Dresden, Berlin and Vienna. He appeared in title roles such as Mozart's Don Giovanni, Marschner's Hans Heiling, Rossini's Barber and Wagner's Holländer. He created roles in several world premieres, such as in Kienzl's Der Evangelimann and Don Quixote.

The Barber of Seville
The Barber of Seville, or The Useless Precaution (Italian: Il barbiere di Siviglia, ossia L'inutile precauzione [il barˈbjɛːre di siˈviʎʎa osˈsiːa liˈnuːtile prekautˈtsjoːne]) is an opera buffa (comic opera) in two acts composed by Gioachino Rossini with an Italian libretto by Cesare Sterbini. The libretto was based on Pierre Beaumarchais's French comedy The Barber of Seville (1775). The premiere of Rossini's opera (under the title Almaviva, o sia L'inutile precauzione) took place on 20 February 1816 at the Teatro Argentina, Rome, with designs by Angelo Toselli.

Rossini's Barber of Seville is considered to be one of the greatest masterpieces of comedy within music, and has been described as the opera buffa of all "opere buffe". After two centuries, it remains a popular work.