hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Persian famine of 1870–1872
The Persian famine of 1870–1872 was a period of mass starvation and disease in Iran (Persia) that occurred during the Qajar era.

The best documented famine in Iranian history, it affected almost the whole country. However, some cities, including Shahrud, Kerman, and Birjand, managed to avoid the catastrophe.

According to The New York Herald the famine was caused by an increase in the price of cotton had led the Persian farmers to abandon grain farming and to instead plant cotton as a cash crop. Shoko Okazaki attributed the famine to two consecutive years of severe drought, while rejecting the notion that the increase in the production of Persian opium and cotton contributed to the famine. He blamed the effects of the famine on "senior bureaucrats, landlords, grain dealers and high-ranking religious officials who engaged in hoarding and market manipulation".

Market manipulation
In economics and finance, market manipulation occurs when someone intentionally alters the supply or demand of a security to influence its price. This can involve spreading misleading information, executing misleading trades, or manipulating quotes and prices.

Market manipulation is prohibited in most countries, in particular, it is prohibited in the United States under Section 9(a)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in the European Union under Article 12 of the Market Abuse Regulation, in Australia under Section 1041A of the Corporations Act 2001, and in Israel under Section 54(a) of the securities act of 1968. In the US, market manipulation is also prohibited for wholesale electricity markets under Section 222 of the Federal Power Act and wholesale natural gas markets under Section 4A of the Natural Gas Act.

In India it is illegal under the SEBI (Prohibition of Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices relating to Securities Market) Regulations, 2003.
1911 Copa de Honor MCBA Final
The 1911 Copa de Honor Municipalidad de Buenos Aires was the final that decided the champion of the 7th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in River Plate Stadium in Dársena Sur (La Boca) on September 24, 1911, Newell's Old Boys beat Club Atlético Porteño 3–2, winning not only the trophy but its first title in the Argentine top division.

La Boca
La Boca (Spanish: [la ˈβoka]; "the Mouth", probably of the Matanza River) is a neighborhood (barrio) of Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina.

Its location near the Port of Buenos Aires meant the neighbourhood became a melting pot of different cultures during the 20th century, when millions of immigrants from Europe and Asia arrived to Argentina. In particular, many of its settlers originated from the Italian region of Liguria. The neighbourhood became a cornerstone for porteño culture, being an important site during the early development of the tango.

Today, it is mostly known for being home to Boca Juniors, one of the two largest sports clubs in Argentina.
Íñigo Errejón
Íñigo Errejón Galván (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈiɲiɣo ereˈxoŋ galˈβan]; born 14 December 1983) is a Spanish political scientist and former politician.

Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science, he was the secretary for policy and strategy and campaigning of Podemos (managing several electoral campaigns of the political party) as well as a member of the 11th and 12th terms of the Congress of Deputies. He split from Podemos and founded a new platform in early 2019, Más Madrid, under which Errejón was elected to the Assembly of Madrid and that was later re-constituted as Más País in order to run in the November 2019 general election, with the outcome of Errejón returning to the Congress of Deputies. He left politics in October 2024 after being accused of sexual assault.

From the standpoint of political theory, he is influenced by Ernesto Laclau and the Essex School of discourse analysis.

Assembly of Madrid
The Assembly of Madrid or Madrid Assembly (Spanish: Asamblea de Madrid) is the unicameral autonomous legislature of the Autonomous Community of Madrid since the approval of the Madrid Charter of Autonomy in 1983.

It is elected every four years during the Spanish Regional and Municipal elections, as the Community of Madrid Charter of Autonomy does not recognise the right to call early elections (as in the Basque Country, Catalonia, Galicia and Andalusia), save for exceptional situations like the scandal that deadlocked the May 2003 Assembly and forced fresh elections in October 2003. According to the Charter, the Assembly is empowered to write Madrid's regional legislation, to control the regional government's actions, and to elect the President of the Community of Madrid.

The Assembly meets in the district of Vallecas of Madrid in a hall inaugurated in 1998 specifically designed to host the Madrid Assembly.
Flashpoint (album)
Flashpoint is a live album by the English rock band the Rolling Stones, their first since 1982's Still Life. Compiled from performances on the Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour by Chris Kimsey with the assistance of Chris Potter, it was released in 1991. Steel Wheels Live (2020) includes a complete 1989 concert along with a selection of live rarities.

The tour and the two studio tracks recorded for Flashpoint were the last for bassist and long-time member Bill Wyman as a Rolling Stone.

Bill Wyman
William George Wyman (né Perks; born 24 October 1936) is an English musician, songwriter, singer and photographer who was the bassist of the rock band the Rolling Stones from 1962 to 1993. Nicknamed "Old Stoneface" and "The Quiet One", Wyman was part of the band's first stable line-up and performed on their first nineteen UK studio albums. From 1997 to 2018, he performed as the backing vocalist and bassist for the blues rock band Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings. He was inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Rolling Stones in 1989. Wyman briefly returned to recording with the Rolling Stones in 2023.
Mick Parker
Michael Francis Parker (10 March 1973 – 4 June 2009) was an Australian mountaineer. He successfully climbed the Seven Summits and five of the fourteen eight-thousanders. After ascending Makalu in 2009, he fell ill due to dissipated pulmonary and cerebral oedema and subsequently died in Kathmandu on 4 June, aged 36.

Makalu
Makalu (Nepali: मकालु हिमाल, romanized: Makālu himāl; Chinese: 马卡鲁峰; pinyin: Mǎkǎlǔ Fēng) is the fifth-highest mountain on Earth, with a summit at an elevation of 8,485 metres (27,838 ft) AMSL. It is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas 19 km (12 mi) southeast of Mount Everest, on the China–Nepal border. One of the eight-thousanders, Makalu is an isolated peak shaped like a four-sided pyramid.

Makalu has two notable subsidiary peaks. Kangchungtse, or Makalu II (7,678 m (25,190 ft)), lies about three kilometres (two miles) north-northwest of the main summit. Rising about 5 km (3 mi) north-northeast of the main summit across a broad plateau, and connected to Kangchungtse by a narrow, 7,200 m (23,600 ft) saddle, is Chomo Lonzo (7,804 m (25,604 ft)).
Virtual crime
Virtual crime can be described as a criminal act conducted in a virtual world – usually massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs). To grasp the definition of virtual crime, the modern interpretation of the term "virtual" must be assessed to portray the implications of virtual crime. In this sense, virtual crime describes those online acts that “evoke the effects of real crime”  but are not widely considered to be prosecutable acts.

There are several interpretations of the term "virtual crime". One scholar defined virtual crime as needing to have all the qualities of a real crime, and so it was not a new subset of crime at all. It is difficult to prove that there are real-life implications of virtual crime, thus it is not widely accepted as prosecutable.

Examples of virtual crimes include mugging, sexual assault, theft, and construction of sweatshops — all of which are usually committed within virtual worlds, metaverses and economies.

Theft
Theft (from Old English  þeofð, cognate to thief) is the act of taking another person's property or services without that person's permission or consent with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it. The word theft is also used as a synonym or informal shorthand term for some crimes against property, such as larceny, robbery, embezzlement, extortion, blackmail, or receiving stolen property. In some jurisdictions, theft is considered to be synonymous with larceny, while in others, theft is defined more narrowly. A person who engages in theft is known as a thief (pl. thieves).

Theft is the name of a statutory offence in California, Canada, England and Wales, Hong Kong, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, and the Australian states of South Australia and Victoria.
Larry Santos (album)
Larry Santos is the fourth studio album by American pop singer and songwriter, Larry Santos, released on Casablanca Records in 1975. The album includes the song "We Can't Hide it Anymore" which reached number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 pop song chart. it also features the Christian pop single, which is mainly all about Father God touching a newborn child and inspiring him with Christian love on an early sunrise, called, "Early In The Morning".

We Can't Hide It Anymore
"We Can't Hide It Anymore" is an American pop music song written by Barry Murphy and first recorded by Larry Santos. It appeared on Santos' 1975 album Larry Santos and the single reached number 36 on Billboard magazine's Billboard Hot 100 chart in April 1976.
Francesco Saverio Toppi
Francesco Saverio Toppi (26 June 1925 – 2 April 2007) - born Vincenzo Toppi - was an Italian Capuchin who served as the Prelate of Pompei from 1990 until his resignation in 2001. Toppi fostered a deep devotion to the Blessed Mother and this devotion further developed and was solidified when he was appointed to oversee the Marian shrine in the Pompei prelature. He carried out his duties to the fullest as a teacher serving in Palermo and Naples prior to his episcopal appointment and served in various capacities of leadership for his order.

Toppi's reputation for holiness and his rapport with the faithful led to calls after his death for his cause of beatification to be introduced and the cause was introduced on 3 October 2013 titling Toppi as a Servant of God. He was named as venerable in 2022.

Servant of God
Servant of God (Latin: Servus Dei) is a title used in the Catholic Church to indicate that for an individual a beatification process has been opened. In a canonical process, the so-called heroic virtue or the authenticity of martyrdom has been proved. The conferral is a procedural step in the beatification process and is based solely on the examination of a person's life by the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints, without examination or consideration of any miracles. The conferral is announced in the presence of the Pope.
When Women Powder Twice
When Women Powder Twice (Korean: 여자가 두번 화장할 때; RR: Yeojaga dubeon hwajanghal ttae) is a 2011–2012 South Korean television series starring Danny Ahn, Im Jung-eun, Ahn Jae-mo and Lim Yeo-won. It aired on JTBC's Monday–Friday time slot from December 5, 2011 to March 7, 2012.

Danny Ahn
Danny Ahn (Korean: 데니안; born December 22, 1978) is an American entertainer best known as the main rapper of the South Korean pop music group g.o.d. Having made his debut in the entertainment industry as a member of g.o.d in 1999, Ahn has gone into acting and has also been a radio DJ and MC.
Anna van Aerssen van Sommelsdijk
Anna van Aerssen van Sommelsdijk (1 December 1640 – c. 1711) and her sisters are particularly known for joining Jean de Labadie and the house congregation of the Labadists in 1669, offering them housing and setting up a community in Wieuwerd in Friesland in 1675.

Jean de Labadie
Jean de Labadie (13 February 1610 – 13 February 1674) was a 17th-century French Pietist. Originally a Jesuit priest, he became a member of the Reformed Church in 1650, before founding the community which became known as the Labadists in 1669. At its height the movement numbered around 600 with thousands of adherents further afield. It attracted some notable female converts such as the famed poet and scholar Anna Maria van Schurman and the entomological artist
Maria Merian.

Labadie combined the influences of Jansenism, Precicianism, and Reformed Pietism, developing a form of radical Christianity with an emphasis upon holiness and Christian communal living. Labadie's teachings gained hold in the Netherlands.
Maguwoharjo Stadium
Maguwoharjo Stadium a.k.a. “Little San Siro" or “Indonesian San Siro", is a football stadium in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the home of PSS Sleman. The stadium has capacity of 20,651, and is located 9 kilometers away from the Adisucipto International Airport.

Sleman Regency
Sleman Regency (Indonesian pronunciation: [səˈleman]; ) is an Indonesian regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten) on the island of Java.  It is located in the north of the Yogyakarta Special Administrative Region, Indonesia, and has an area of  574.82 square kilometres (221.94 sq mi), with a population of 1,093,110 at the 2010 Census and 1,125,804 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,157,292 - comprising 573,760 males and 583,540 females. Its capital is the town of Sleman. The current regent is Harda Kiswaya.
Teapot
A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in boiling or near-boiling water and serving the resulting infusion called tea; usually put in a teacup. It is one of the core components of teaware.

Teapots usually have an opening with a lid at their top, where the dry tea and hot water are added, a handle for holding by hand, and a spout through which the tea is served. Some teapots have a strainer built-in on the inner edge of the spout. A small air hole in the lid is often created to stop the spout from dripping and splashing when tea is poured. In modern times, a thermally insulating cover called a tea cosy may be used to enhance the steeping process or to prevent the contents of the teapot from cooling too rapidly.

Dry tea is available either in tea bags or as loose tea, in which case a tea infuser or tea strainer may be of some assistance, either to hold the leaves as they steep or to catch the leaves inside the teapot when the tea is poured.

Teaware
Teaware is a broad international spectrum of equipment used in the brewing and consumption of tea. Many components make up that spectrum, and vary greatly based upon the type of tea being prepared, and the cultural setting in which it is being prepared. This is often referred to as the tea ceremony, and holds much significance in many cultures, particularly in northwestern Europe and in eastern Asia. A complete, cohesive collection of tea ware makes up a tea set.
Voot
Voot was an Indian subscription video-on-demand and over-the-top streaming service owned by Viacom18, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Network18. The service was initially launched on 4 May 2016. It initially launched as an advertising-supported service, before introducing a subscription tier in 2020 under the Voot Select banner.

Reliance Industries
Reliance Industries Limited is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai. Its businesses include energy, petrochemicals, natural gas, retail, entertainment, telecommunications, mass media, and textiles. Reliance is the largest public company in India by market capitalisation and revenue, and the 86th largest company worldwide. It is India's largest private tax payer and largest exporter, accounting for 7% of India's total merchandise exports.

The company has attracted controversy for reports of political corruption, cronyism, fraud, financial manipulation, and exploitation of its customers, Indian citizens, and natural resources. Its chairman, Mukesh Ambani, has been described as a plutocrat.
AA+ Chipset
The AA+ chipset was a planned Amiga-compatible chipset that Commodore International announced in 1992. There were two separate projects: the next generation Advanced Amiga Architecture chipset and the lower cost, more pragmatic AA+ chipset. The former was in development when Commodore declared bankruptcy; the latter existed only on paper. Both were cancelled when Commodore folded.

Advanced Amiga Architecture chipset
The AAA chipset (Advanced Amiga Architecture) was intended to be the next-generation Amiga multimedia system designed by Commodore International. Initially begun as a secret project, the first design discussions were started in 1988, and after many revisions and redesigns the first silicon versions were fabricated in 1992–1993. The project was stymied in 1993 based on a lack of funds for chip revisions.

At the same time AAA started first silicon testing, the next generation Commodore chipset project was in progress. While AAA was a reinvention and huge upgrade of the Amiga architecture, project Hombre was essentially a clean slate. It took what was learned from Amiga and went in new directions, which included an on-chip CPU with a custom 3D instruction set, 16-bit and 24-bit chunky pixel display, and up to four 16-bit playfields running simultaneously. Hombre also embraced the PCI bus, which was seen as the future for main board interconnect and expansion going forward.
Suzanne Carrell
Suzanne Carrell (March 6, 1923 – April 21, 2019) was an American educator and recipient of the awards of the Order of Academic Palms, the Legion of Honor, and the National Order of Merit in honor for her service to France. She was the co-founder of the Jacksonville, Florida chapter of the Alliance Française and was a key member of the Congress of French Culture in Florida, based in Orlando.

Ordre national du Mérite
The Ordre national du Mérite (French: [ɔʁdʁ nɑsjɔnal dy meʁit]; English: National Order of Merit) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's establishment was twofold: to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries; and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the Legion of Honour, which is generally reserved for French citizens. It comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years.
Theuns Kotzé
Theuns Andries Willem Kotzé (born 16 July 1987) is a Namibian international rugby union player, currently playing with the Welwitschias in South African domestic rugby. He is a utility back that can play as a scrum-half, fly-half or fullback, but is best known for playing as a fly-half for Namibia in the Rugby World Cup tournaments in 2011 and 2015.

Welwitschias
The Welwitschias, currently known as the Windhoek Draught Welwitschias due to sponsorship by Namibia Breweries Limited, are a Namibian rugby union team that often participates in South African domestic competitions. As of 2021, they are regular participants in the annual Rugby Challenge tournament, having previously played in the Currie Cup and Vodacom Cup.

They are based in Windhoek and play their home matches in the Hage Geingob Rugby Stadium. The team mainly consists of players that play club rugby for teams in Namibia and is seen as a development team for the Namibia national team.
Bogan
Bogan (/ˈboʊɡən/ BOHG-ən) is Australian and New Zealand slang to describe a person whose speech, clothing, behaviour, or attitudes are considered unrefined or unsophisticated. Depending on the context, the term can be used pejoratively or in a humorous, self-deprecating manner. The term "bogan" has also been associated with changing social attitudes towards class in Australia, and its use often reflects broader cultural stereotypes and divisions.

Since the 1980s, the bogan has become a very well-recognised subculture, often as an example of bad taste. It has antecedents in the Australian larrikin and ocker, and various localised names exist that describe the same or very similar people to the bogan.

Hoon
A hoon (/huːn/ ⓘ) is an Australian and New Zealand term describing a person who deliberately drives a vehicle in a reckless or dangerous manner, generally in order to provoke a reaction from onlookers.

Hoon activities (or hooning) can include speeding, burnouts, doughnuts, or screeching tyres. Those commonly identified as being involved in hooning are young and predominantly male drivers in the age range of 17 to 25 years.

Hooning is also sometimes used in the context of other activities involving high speeds such as skiing, snowboarding, skateboarding, etc, in reference to young people going irresponsibly fast and endangering others.

Hoon control laws are beginning to be extended to dangerous hoon behaviour using boats and other vessels, particularly jet skis. The Australian state of Victoria passed legislation in late 2009 to control hoon activities using recreational vessels.
Gary Smith (guitarist)
Gary Smith is a British avant-garde guitarist, improviser and composer. He is known for developing dense extended techniques on electric guitar. Gary Smith has released close to 20 albums in solo, group and live settings with Shoji Hano, Rhys Chatham, John Stevens, Hugh Hopper, Masayoshi Urabe, Chie Mukai, Aufgehoben, No Process, and Bill Fay.

Bill Fay
William Fay (9 September 1943 – 22 February 2025) was an English singer-songwriter. His early recordings were released by Deram, but following the release of his second album in 1971, Fay was dropped by the label. His work enjoyed a growing cult status in the 1990s, and his older works were re-issued in 1998 and 2004–2005. Fay's 2012 album Life Is People was his first album of all-new material since 1971. His last album, Countless Branches, was released on 17 January 2020.
John Hore (MP for Cambridgeshire)
John Hore (died c. 1434), of Great Childerley, Cambridgeshire and Great Raveley, Huntingdonshire, was an English politician.

He acquired landholdings from each of his three marriages.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Cambridgeshire in 1415 and 1425 and for Huntingdonshire in October 1426.

He married firstly Joan, the daughter of Anne, the daughter of William Ellesfield of Ellesfield and Chalgrove, Oxfordshire, coheiress of the estates of Sir Baldwin Berford, and had one son, Gilbert.

He married secondly another Joan, the daughter of Sir Edmund Vauncy of Westley Waterless, Cambridgeshire and widow of Thomas Priour, MP of Hatfield Broad Oak, Essex, coheiress of Sir William Moigne of Sawtry and Great Raveley.

He married thirdly Margaret, the widow of Sir Robert Butveleyn of Flordon, Norfolk.

His only son Gilbert became MP for Cambridgeshire.

Cambridgeshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Cambridgeshire is a former Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom. It was a constituency represented by two Members of Parliament in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then in the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and in the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832, when its representation was increased to three until it was abolished in 1885.

It was reconstituted as a single-member seat in 1918 and abolished once again in 1983.
Louise E. du Pont Crowninshield
Louise Evelina du Pont Crowninshield (August 3, 1877 – July 11, 1958) was an American heiress, historic preservationist, and philanthropist. She was the great-granddaughter of Éleuthère Irénée du Pont, founder of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. Her estate at Eleutherian Mills near Wilmington, Delaware, became the Hagley Museum and Library in 1957.

Éleuthère Irénée du Pont
Éleuthère Irénée du Pont de Nemours (/djuːˈpɒnt, ˈdjuːpɒnt/ dew-PONT, DEW-pont, French: [eløtɛʁ iʁene dy pɔ̃ d(ə) nəmuʁ]; 24 June 1771 – 31 October 1834) was a French-American chemist and industrialist who founded the gunpowder manufacturer E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. His descendants, the du Pont family, have been one of the richest and most prominent American families since the 19th century, with generations of influential businessmen, politicians and philanthropists. In 1807, du Pont was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in his adopted hometown of Philadelphia.