hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caboolture railway line
The Caboolture railway line refers to the section of Queensland's North Coast Line that has a regular suburban railway service, extending north of Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia. The line commences at Roma Street railway station, travelling through the city and extends through Brisbane's northern suburbs to Caboolture, which the line continues north to Sunshine Coast and connects with the Ipswich line south-west of Brisbane. The line distance from Brisbane Central railway station is 49.6 km (30.8 mi).

Lines that branch from it are the Ferny Grove line at Bowen Hills, the Doomben and Airport lines at Eagle Junction, the Shorncliffe line at Northgate and the Redcliffe Peninsula line at Petrie.

Central railway station, Brisbane
Central railway station is located on the North Coast line in Queensland, Australia. It is the principal station on the City network and is located in the north of the Brisbane central business district. Central station is one of four inner city stations that form a core corridor through the centre of Brisbane.
1964 United States presidential election in Iowa
The 1964 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 3, 1964, as part of the 1964 United States presidential election. Iowa voters chose nine representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Iowa was won by incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson (D–Texas), with 61.88% of the popular vote, against Senator Barry Goldwater (R–Arizona), with 37.92% of the popular vote. As of the 2016 presidential election, this is the last election in which Pottawattamie County, Plymouth County, Mahaska County, Mills County, Harrison County, Grundy County, Shelby County, Montgomery County, Fremont County, Ida County, and Osceola County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate. This was the first time since 1948 that the state would back a Democrat in a presidential election, and the last such occasion until 1988.

As of 2024, this remains the strongest performance by a Democrat in Iowa.

Plymouth County, Iowa
Plymouth County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,698, and was estimated to be 25,825 in 2024. The county seat and the largest city is Le Mars. Plymouth County was named after Plymouth, Massachusetts.

Plymouth County is part of the Sioux City, IA-NE-SD Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Kepler-11d
Kepler-11d is an exoplanet discovered in the orbit of the sun-like star Kepler-11. It is named for the telescope that discovered it, a NASA spacecraft named Kepler that is designed to detect Earth-like planets by measuring small dips in the brightness of their host stars as the planets cross in front. This process, known as the transit method, was used to note the presence of six planets in orbit around Kepler-11, of which Kepler-11d is the third from its star. Kepler-11d orbits Kepler-11 well within the orbit of Mercury approximately every 23 days. The planet is approximately six times more massive than the Earth, and has a radius that is three and a half times larger than that of Earth's. It is, however, far hotter than Earth is. Its low density, comparable to that of Saturn, suggests that Kepler-11d has a large hydrogen–helium atmosphere. Kepler-11d was announced with its five sister planets on February 2, 2011 after extensive follow-up studies.

Methods of detecting exoplanets
Methods of detecting exoplanets usually rely on indirect strategies – that is, they do not directly image the planet but deduce its existence from another signal. Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star. For example, a star like the Sun is about a billion times as bright as the reflected light from any of the planets orbiting it. In addition to the intrinsic difficulty of detecting such a faint light source, the glare from the parent star washes it out. For those reasons, very few of the exoplanets reported as of June 2025 have been detected directly, with even fewer being resolved from their host star.
Al Maha Petroleum
Al Maha Petroleum Products Marketing Company, also known as Al Maha, is a petroleum company based in Oman. The company is named for the Arabian Oryx (al Maha).

Al Maha maintains a network of over 200 service stations throughout Oman, including convenience stores and auto services. Al Maha also has commercial and aviation fuel divisions.

Petroleum Development Oman
Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) is the leading exploration and production company in the Sultanate of Oman. The Company delivers the majority of the country's crude oil production and natural gas supply. The company is owned by the Government of Oman (with a 60% interest), Royal Dutch Shell (34%), TotalEnergies (4%) and Partex (2%). The first economic oil find was made in 1962, and the first oil consignment was exported in 1967.
Gentrification of San Francisco
The gentrification of San Francisco has been an ongoing source of tension between renters and working people who live in the city as well as real estate interests.  A result of this conflict has been an emerging antagonism between longtime working-class residents of the city and the influx of new tech workers. A major increase of gentrification in San Francisco has been attributed to the Dot-Com Boom in the 1990s, creating a strong demand for skilled tech workers from local startups and close by Silicon Valley businesses leading to rising standards of living. As a result, a large influx of new workers in the internet and technology sector began to contribute to the gentrification of historically poor immigrant neighborhoods such as the Mission District. During this time San Francisco began a transformation eventually culminating in it becoming the most expensive city to live in the United States.

Mission District, San Francisco
The Mission District (Spanish: Distrito de la Misión), commonly known as the Mission (Spanish: La Misión), is a neighborhood in San Francisco, California. One of the oldest neighborhoods in San Francisco, the Mission District's name is derived from Mission San Francisco de Asís, built in 1776 by the Spanish. The Mission is historically one of the most notable centers of the city's Chicano/Mexican-American community.
Volcanic ash aggregation
Volcanic ash aggregation occurs when particles of volcanic ash collide and stick together during transport. This process modifies the size distribution of airborne particles, which affects both atmospheric dispersal and fallout patterns on the ground. Aggregation also impacts the dynamics of volcanic plumes, pyroclastic density currents, and their associated hazards.

Particle-size distribution
In granulometry, the particle-size distribution (PSD) of a powder, or granular material, or particles dispersed in fluid, is a list of values or a mathematical function that defines the relative amount, typically by mass, of particles present according to size. Significant energy is usually required to disintegrate soil, etc. particles into the PSD that is then called a grain size distribution.
Hubertus Varlet
Hubertus Varlet (5 December 1810 – 4 October 1853) was a Dutch architect and colonial administrator, who served on the Dutch Gold Coast. In his capacity as master of works and stores, he rebuilt Fort Crèvecoeur in Accra in 1839. Following the promotion of Anthony van der Eb to governor of the Dutch Gold Coast, Varlet succeeded him as the second vice governor for the Ahanta protectorate, which the Dutch had proclaimed following the conclusion of the Dutch–Ahanta War.

Dutch–Ahanta War
The Dutch–Ahanta War was a conflict between the Netherlands and the Ahanta between 1837 and 1839. Beginning with a mere economic dispute between the Ahanta and the Dutch, who were based at the Dutch Gold Coast, the conflict ended with the hanging of Ahanta king Badu Bonsu II and the reorganization of the Ahanta state, establishing a Dutch protectorate over the Ahanta.
Ioannis Skordilis
Ioannis Skordilis (Greek: Ιωάννης Σκορδίλης, 1690 – 1750) was a Greek painter.
He was active on the Cycladic islands.  He shared the same last name as Antonios Skordilis and  Emmanuel Skordilis. The family originally came from Crete.  They were probably related.  Skordilis was a prominent name associated with Cretan painting since the 1500s.  Other notable painters of the Cycladic Islands were  Christodoulos Kalergis, and Defterevon Sifnios.  Twelve of his works survived. They are mainly on the Cycladic islands. His most notable work is at the Byzantine and Christian Museum.  It is called the Holy Trinity and Saints.  The piece is similar to a work completed by Emmanuel Tzanes; it was a common theme among Greek painters.

Defterevon Sifnios
Defterevon Sifnios (Greek: Δευτερεύων Σίφνου, 1750 – 1829), also known as Agapios Prokos (Greek: Αγάπιος Πρόκος) and Defterevon of Sifnos.  He was a painter, educator, and monk.  He was from the island Sifnos, one of the Cyclades.  He was one of the few Greek painters not active on the Ionian Islands.  Other Greek painters associated with the Cyclades were Christodoulos Kalergis and Emmanuel Skordilis.  He was affiliated with Mount Athos, another painter at the monastery complex around the same period was Makarios.  Defterevon is a member of the Neo-Hellenikos Diafotismos in art and the Greek Neoclassical and Romantic period.  His work leads Greek painting into the Modern Greek art period.  His works are predominantly on the Cyclades.  The islands are  Serifos, Kimolos, Sifnos, and Kythnos.  According to the Institute of Neohellenic Research, fifty-four of his paintings survived and two frescos.
2023 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification Group E
Group E of the 2023 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition consisted of six teams: Netherlands, Switzerland, Bulgaria, Wales, Moldova, and Gibraltar. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 28 January 2021, 12:00 CET (UTC+1), at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

2023 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification
The 2023 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition was a men's under-21 football competition to determine the 14 teams that would be joining the automatically qualified co-hosts Romania and Georgia in the 2023 UEFA European Under-21 Championship final tournament.

Apart from Romania and Georgia, all remaining 53 UEFA member national teams entered the qualifying competition. Players born on or after 1 January 2000 were eligible to participate.
Esztergom
Esztergom (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɛstɛrɡom] ⓘ; German: Gran; Latin: Solva or Strigonium; Slovak: Ostrihom, known by alternative names) is a city with county rights in northern Hungary, 46 kilometres (29 miles) northwest of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom County, on the right bank of the river Danube, which forms the border with Slovakia there. Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th until the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda.

Esztergom is the seat of the prímás (see Primate) of the Catholic Church in Hungary, and the former seat of the Constitutional Court of Hungary. The city has a Christian Museum with the largest ecclesiastical collection in Hungary. Its cathedral, Esztergom Basilica, is the largest church in Hungary. Near the Basilica there is a campus of the Pázmány Péter Catholic University.

Buda
Buda (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈbudɒ], German: Ofen) is the part of Budapest, the capital city of Hungary, that lies on the western bank of the Danube. Historically, "Buda" referred only to the royal walled city on Castle Hill (Hungarian: Várhegy), which was constructed by Béla IV between 1247 and 1249 and subsequently served as the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1361 to 1873. In 1873, Buda was administratively unified with Pest and Óbuda to form modern Budapest.

Royal Buda is called the Várnegyed (lit. 'Castle Quarter') today, while "Buda" pars pro toto denotes Budapest's I., II., III., XI., XII. and XXII. districts. This colloquial definition thus includes medieval Óbuda and amounts to a third of the city's total area, much of it forested. Buda's landmarks include the Royal Palace, Matthias Church, the Citadella, Gellért Baths, the Buda Hills, the Carmelite Monastery of Buda, and the residence of the President of Hungary, Sándor Palace.
Photographic processing
Photographic processing or photographic development is the chemical means by which photographic film or paper is treated after photographic exposure to produce a negative or positive image. Photographic processing transforms the latent image into a visible image, makes this permanent and renders it insensitive to light.

All processes based upon the gelatin silver process are similar, regardless of the film or paper's manufacturer. Exceptional variations include instant films such as those made by Polaroid and thermally developed films.  Kodachrome required Kodak's proprietary K-14 process.  Kodachrome film production ceased in 2009, and K-14 processing is no longer available as of December 30, 2010. Ilfochrome materials use the dye destruction process. Deliberately using the wrong process for a film is known as cross processing.

K-14 process
K-14 was the most recent version of the developing process for Kodak's Kodachrome transparency film before its discontinuation (the last revision having been designated Process K-14M). It superseded previous versions of the Kodachrome process used with older films (such as K-12 for Kodachrome II and Kodachrome-X).

The K-14 process differed significantly from its contemporary, the E-6 process, in both complexity and length. Kodachrome film has no integral color couplers; dyes are produced during processing (each color in a separate step) by the reaction of the color coupler with the oxidized developing agent, both in the developer solution.

Due to declining sales, Kodak discontinued production of all K-14 chemistry in 2009, concurrently with Kodachrome 64 film. Dwayne's Photo, in Parsons, Kansas, operated the last K-14 line in the world, discontinued sales on 30 December 2010; the last roll was processed on 18 January 2011.
Stadlshow
Stadlshow (also called by the shows original name, Musikantenstadl) is a live broadcast entertainment show of German pop music, Schlager and Volkstümliche Musik. The program tours Austria, Germany, Switzerland and South Tyrol being produced by ORF, and broadcast via the Eurovision with the cooperation of Bayerischer Rundfunk and Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen. Formerly known as Musikantenstadl which was produced for over 30 years, the show was remodelled into what is now the Stadlshow in an attempt to attract younger viewers. The show is presented by Francine Jordi and Alexander Mazza.

ORF (broadcaster)
Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF [oːɛʁˈɛf] ⓘ; German pronunciation: [ˌøːstəʁaɪçɪʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk], lit. 'Austrian broadcasting') is the national public broadcaster and news website of Austria. Funded from a combination of television licence fee revenue and limited on-air advertising, ORF is the dominant player in the Austrian broadcast media. Austria was the last country in continental Europe after Albania to allow nationwide private television broadcasting, although commercial TV channels from neighbouring Germany have been present in Austria on pay-TV and via terrestrial overspill since the 1980s.
Coolalinga
Coolalinga is an outer suburban area in Darwin. It is 29 kilometres (18 mi) south east of central Darwin, 10 kilometres (6 mi) south east of Palmerston and 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of the proposed city of Weddell. Its Local Government Area is the Litchfield Municipality. The name was first used by Len Cant for his store and caravan park on the Stuart Highway. Since Coolalinga Store, the area has become an important commercial centre for the Shire.

Litchfield Municipality
The Litchfield Council is a local government area of the Northern Territory of Australia on the eastern and southeastern outskirts of the Darwin-Palmerston urban area. The municipality covers an area of 2,903 square kilometres (1,120.9 sq mi), and was created by the Northern Territory government on 6 September 1985.
George Rymph House
The George Rymph House is a historic house located on Albany Post Road (U.S. Route 9) in Hyde Park, New York, United States. It is a stone house built during the 1760s by a recent German immigrant. In 1993, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

It is one of the few remaining pre-Revolutionary houses in Hyde Park, the oldest stone house, and second-oldest house overall in the town. The Rymph family retained ownership of the house until selling it in the early 20th century to the Dominican Fathers who owned most of the surrounding property at the time. Several renovations, including a stucco exterior, have modified the original appearance.

It served as a cottage for the camp's caretaker until the early 21st century, when the land conservation organization Scenic Hudson bought the property. The house has been vacant since then. Scenic Hudson has been trying to sell or lease the house to a party interested in restoring and preserving it.

Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property
Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property describes the process through which the material, historical, and design integrity of any immovable cultural property are prolonged through carefully planned interventions. The individual engaged in this pursuit is known as an architectural conservator-restorer. Decisions of when and how to engage in an intervention are critical to the ultimate conservation-restoration of cultural heritage. Ultimately, the decision is value based: a combination of artistic, contextual, and informational values is normally considered. In some cases, a decision to not intervene may be the most appropriate choice.
Troy Jackson (politician)
Troy Dale Jackson (born June 26, 1968) is an American logger and politician from Allagash, Maine, who served as president of the Maine Senate from 2018 to 2024. A Democrat, Jackson represented Senate District 1, representing northern Aroostook County, including the towns of Fort Kent, Madawaska and Caribou. He is currently running for governor of Maine.

Jackson started in politics during the 1998 logging blockade along the Canadian border, protesting the illegal hiring of Canadian workers over Maine loggers, inadequate wages and poor working conditions. Eventually, Jackson was elected to the Maine House of Representatives, where he served three terms before being elected to the State Senate in 2008. After Democrats gained the majority in the 2018 election, Jackson was chosen to be Senate President. He also served as Senate Majority Leader and Senate Minority Leader. He first ran for office as a Republican, was first elected as an Independent, and joined the Democratic Party in 2004.

Governor of Maine
The governor of Maine is the head of government of the U.S. state of Maine. Before Maine was admitted to the Union in 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts and the governor of Massachusetts was chief executive.

The current governor of Maine is Janet Mills, a Democrat, who took office January 2, 2019.

The governor of Maine receives a salary of $70,000, which is the lowest salary out of all 50 state governors, as of 2022. This will be raised to $125,000 upon a new governor taking office in 2026, per a bill passed in 2025, as the Maine Constitution prohibits changing the salary of the sitting governor.
Ipsos MORI
Ipsos MORI was the name of a market research company based in London, England which is now known as Ipsos and still continues as the UK arm of the global Ipsos group. It was formed by a merger of Ipsos UK and MORI in October 2005.

The company is a member of the British Polling Council and Market Research Society.

Ipsos
Ipsos Group S.A. (French pronunciation: [ip.sos]; acronym of Institut Public de Sondage d'Opinion Secteur and inspired from the Latin expression, ipso facto) is a multinational market research and consulting firm with headquarters in Paris, France. The company was founded in 1975 by Didier Truchot, Chairman of the company, and has been publicly traded on Euronext Paris since 1 July 1999.

Since 1990, the Group has created or acquired numerous companies. In October 2011, Ipsos acquired Synovate, resulting in an Ipsos organization that ranks as the world’s third largest research agency. As of 2025, Ipsos has offices in 87 countries, employing approximately 20,000 people.
Rivière aux Saumons (Massawippi River tributary)
The Rivière aux Saumons is a tributary of the Massawippi River which flows into the Saint-François River, a sub-tributary of the St. Lawrence River. It flows through the municipalities of Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, Martinville, Compton, Cookshire-Eaton, Lennoxville, from Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.

Forestry and agriculture are the main economic activities in this valley.

The surface of the Rivière aux Saumons is usually frozen from mid-December to mid-March, except the rapids; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally from late December to early March.

Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton
Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t ɛdwidʒ də kliftən]) is a township municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec, located within the Coaticook Regional County Municipality. The township had a population of 504 in the Canada 2016 Census.
Karl G. Maeser
Karl Gottfried Maeser  (January 16, 1828 – February 15, 1901) was a German secondary school teacher, prominent Utah educator, and a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He served 16 years as principal of Brigham Young Academy (BYA). Although he was not the first principal of the Academy, he is considered its founder. The Academy later became Brigham Young University (BYU) in 1903.

Before teaching at BYA, Maeser taught at several schools in Germany and in Utah. He tutored Brigham Young's children. Maeser incorporated the Monitorial system into his teaching philosophies and was influenced by Pestalozzian educational theory, but he advocated religious aspects in schooling.

Maeser served as an LDS Church missionary in four nations; he served as the head of the Church Educational System and in the central leadership of the Sunday School. His educational philosophies shaped BYA and other church academies throughout Utah.

Sunday School (LDS Church)
Sunday School (formerly the Deseret Sunday School Union) is an organization of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). All members of the church and any interested nonmembers, age 11 and older, are encouraged to participate in Sunday School.
Callicoon Bridge
The Callicoon Bridge carries vehicles and pedestrians across the Delaware River between the unincorporated hamlet of Callicoon in the town of Delaware, part of Sullivan County, New York, and Damascus Township in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, both in the United States. It is a multi-girder structure of steel and concrete built in the early 1960s to replace an older bridge built in 1899.

In addition to the river, it crosses the flood plain on its eastern bank in New York created by the confluence of the Delaware and Callicoon Creek, one of its major tributaries in the area, just downstream. As a result, the total length of the bridge's seven spans is 966 feet (294 m). It is the longest bridge on the Upper Delaware.

Sullivan County, New York
Sullivan County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 78,624. The county seat is Monticello. The county's name honors Major General John Sullivan, who was labeled at the time as a hero in the American Revolutionary War in part due to his successful campaign in destroying 40 Iroquois villages and chasing 5,000 of them out of the area (see Sullivan Expedition). The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

The county was the site of hundreds of Borscht Belt hotels and resorts, which had their heyday from the 1920s through the 1970s.

In 2010, the state's center of population was at the southern edge of Sullivan County.