hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dong Bai (Han dynasty)
Dong Bai (董白, after 178 – 192) was a Chinese noblewoman member of the Dong family during the late Eastern Han dynasty. She was the granddaughter of Dong Zhuo, a warlord and de facto ruler of China during a short period. She received grand titles and lands after Dong Zhuo took control of the Han Imperial court; titling Bai as ''Lady of Weiyang'' (渭陽君) at the age of 15.

The most notable information about her life was recorded in the historiography Record of the Three Kingdoms; she does not appear in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms written by Luo Guanzhong.

Records of the Three Kingdoms
The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese official history written by Chen Shou in the late 3rd century CE, covering the end of the Han dynasty (c. 184 – 220 CE) and the subsequent Three Kingdoms period (220–280 CE). It is regarded as to be the authoritative source text for these periods. Compiled following the reunification of China under the Jin dynasty (266–420), the work chronicles the political, social, and military events within rival states Cao Wei, Shu Han and Eastern Wu into a single text organized by individual biography.

The Records are the primary source of information for the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, considered to be one of the four classic novels emblematic of written vernacular Chinese.

While large subsections of the work have been selected and translated into English, the entire corpus has yet to receive an unabridged English translation.
Yosef Qafih
Yosef Qafiḥ (Hebrew: יוסף קאפח pronounced [josef qafiħ], Arabic: يوسف القافح), widely known as Rabbi Yosef Kapach (27 November 1917 –  21 July 2000), was a Yemenite-Israeli authority on Jewish religious law (halakha), a dayan of the Supreme Rabbinical Court in Israel, and one of the foremost leaders of the Yemenite Jewish community in Israel, where he was sought after by non-Yemenites as well. He is widely known for his editions and translations of the works of Maimonides, Saadia Gaon, and other early rabbinic authorities (Rishonim), particularly his restoration of the Mishneh Torah from old Yemenite manuscripts and his accompanying commentary culled from close to 300 additional commentators and with original insights. He was the grandson of Rabbi Yiḥyah Qafiḥ, a prominent Yemenite leader and founder of the Dor Deah movement in Yemen. Qafih received  many awards, including an Honorary Doctorate from Bar-Ilan University.

Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University (BIU, Hebrew: אוניברסיטת בר-אילן, Universitat Bar-Ilan) is a public research university in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat Gan, Israel. Established in 1955, Bar Ilan is Israel's second-largest academic university institution. It has 20,000 students and 1,350 faculty members.

Bar-Ilan's mission is to "blend Jewish tradition with modern technologies and scholarship and the university endeavors to ... teach the Jewish heritage to all its students while providing [an] academic education." The university is among the best in the Middle East in the fields of computer science, engineering, engineering physics and applied physics. In 2024, the university was donated $260 million, one of the biggest donations to a university in Israeli history, for investment in science. The donor wished to remain anonymous.
Sind Province (1936–1955)
Sind, sometimes spelled Scinde, was a province of Pakistan from 1947 till its amalgamation into West Pakistan in 1955; and prior, a province of British India from being granted provincial status in 1936 till Pakistan's independence in 1947. Karachi was the capital of the province till 1948, succeeded by Hyderabad.

Under the British, it encompassed the current territorial limits excluding the princely state of Khairpur. In 1948, Karachi was separated from the province to form the Federal Capital Territory and serve as the federal capital of Pakistan; this resulted in the provincial capital being shifted to Hyderabad. The province was dissolved alongside Baluchistan, the North-West Frontier Province, West Punjab, and a number of Pakistani princely states to form a unified province of West Pakistan in 1955, upon implementation of the One Unit Scheme.

Federal Capital Territory (Pakistan)
The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) around Karachi was the original capital territory of Pakistan. The FCT was created in 1948 from the city of Karachi and surrounding areas as the location for Pakistan's capital following its creation. This move, however, was controversial as the territory was created despite resistance from the local groups in Sindh. The FCT was bordered by the province of Sindh to the northeast and the princely state of Las Bela to the northwest with the Arabian Sea to the south.
Vear Church
Vear Church (Norwegian: Vear arbeidskirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Tønsberg Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Vear. It is one of the churches for the Sem parish which is part of the Tønsberg domprosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The church was built in a long church design in 1993 using plans drawn up by the architect Birger Tveiten. The church seats about people.

Vear
Vear is a village in Tønsberg Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located along the border with Sandefjord Municipality and along the Tønsbergfjorden, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southwest of the city of Tønsberg and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the southeast of the village of Sem. The village lies along Norwegian County Road 303 between Melsomvik and Tønsberg.

The 2.32-square-kilometre (570-acre) village has a population (2023) of 3,683 and a population density of 1,591 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,120/sq mi).
Annabelle McDonnell
Annabelle Mae Tate McDonnell (born May 23, 2000) is a Filipino beauty pageant titleholder. She was crowned Binibining Pilipinas Globe 2025 and previously held the title of Miss Charm Philippines 2023. She then represented the Philippines at The Miss Globe 2025, where she finished in the top 11, and at Miss Charm 2023, where she placed as the first runner-up.

Miss Universe Philippines 2022
Miss Universe Philippines 2022 was the third edition of the Miss Universe Philippines pageant, held at the SM Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay on April 30, 2022.

The coronation night was livestreamed by ABS-CBN through iWantTFC, YouTube, and The Filipino Channel on April 30, 2022 with a delayed telecast on GMA Network on May 1, 2022. Beatrice Luigi Gomez of Cebu City crowned Celeste Cortesi of Pasay as her successor at the end of the event. Cortesi represented the Philippines at the Miss Universe 2022 pageant in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, however, she did not advance to the Top 16, marking the first time since 2009, when Philippines didn't advance to the semi-finals.
Vought XSO2U
The Vought XSO2U was an American observation floatplane developed by Vought-Sikorsky for the United States Navy during the late 1930s. Intended to replace the Curtiss SOC Seagull in service as a scout aboard cruisers, it proved superior to the Curtiss SO3C in evaluation, but failed to win a production contract due to Vought's lack of manufacturing capacity.

Vought OS2U Kingfisher
The Vought OS2U Kingfisher is an American catapult-launched observation floatplane. It was a compact mid-wing monoplane, with a large central float and small stabilizing floats. Performance was modest because of its low-powered engine. The OS2U could also operate on fixed, wheeled, taildragger landing gear.

The OS2U was the main shipboard observation seaplane used by the United States Navy during World War II, and 1,519 of the aircraft were built. It served on battleships and cruisers of the U.S. Navy, with the United States Marine Corps in Marine Scouting Squadron Three (VMS-3), with the United States Coast Guard at coastal air stations; at sea with the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy; with the Soviet Navy; and with the Royal Australian Air Force.

The Naval Aircraft Factory OS2N was the designation of the OS2U-3 aircraft built by the Naval Aircraft Factory in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The OS2U first flew on 1 March 1938.
Blue laser
A blue laser emits electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 400 and 500 nanometers, which the human eye sees in the visible spectrum as blue or violet.

Blue lasers can be produced by:

direct, inorganic diode semiconductor lasers based on quantum wells of gallium(III) nitride at 380-417nm or indium gallium nitride at 450 nm

diode-pumped solid-state infrared lasers with frequency-doubling to 408nm

upconversion of direct diode semiconductor lasers via thulium- or praseodymium-doped fibers at 480 nm

metal vapor, ionized gas lasers of helium-cadmium at 442 nm and 10–200 mW

argon-ion lasers at 458 and 488 nm

Lasers emitting wavelengths below 445 nm appear violet, but are nonetheless also called blue lasers. Violet light's 405 nm short wavelength, on the visible spectrum, causes fluorescence in some chemicals, like radiation in the ultraviolet ("black light") spectrum (wavelengths less than 400 nm).

Diode-pumped solid-state laser
A diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL) is a solid-state laser made by pumping a solid gain medium, for example, a ruby or a neodymium-doped YAG crystal, with a laser diode.

DPSSLs have advantages in compactness and efficiency over other types, and high power DPSSLs have replaced ion lasers and flashlamp-pumped lasers in many scientific applications, and are now appearing commonly in green and other color laser pointers.
The Big Boodle
The Big Boodle is a 1957 American film noir crime film directed by Richard Wilson, and starring Errol Flynn, Pedro Armendáriz, Rossana Rory, and Gia Scala, filmed in Cuba.

The movie was also known as Night in Havana.

Pedro Armendáriz
Pedro Gregorio Armendáriz Hastings (May 9, 1912 – June 18, 1963) was a Mexican and American actor. With the actresses Dolores del Río and María Félix, he was one of the best-known Latin American movie stars of the 1940s and 1950s. He won the Ariel Award for Best Actor twice (out of six nominations), for The Pearl (1948) and Soledad's Shawl (1952).
God gene
The God gene hypothesis proposes that human spirituality is influenced by heredity and that a specific gene, called vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), predisposes humans towards spiritual or mystic experiences. The idea has been proposed by geneticist Dean Hamer in the 2004 book called The God Gene: How Faith is Hardwired into our Genes.

The God gene hypothesis is based on a combination of behavioral genetic, neurobiological and psychological studies. The major arguments of the hypothesis are: (1) spirituality can be quantified by psychometric measurements; (2) the underlying tendency to spirituality is partially heritable; (3) part of this heritability can be attributed to the gene VMAT2; (4) this gene acts by altering monoamine levels; and (5) spirituality provides an evolutionary advantage by providing individuals with an innate sense of optimism.

Vesicular monoamine transporter 2
The solute carrier family 18 member 2 (SLC18A2) also known as vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC18A2 gene. VMAT2 is an integral membrane protein that transports monoamines—particularly neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and histamine—from cellular cytosol into synaptic vesicles. In nigrostriatal pathway and mesolimbic pathway dopamine-releasing neurons,  VMAT2 function is also necessary for the vesicular release of the neurotransmitter GABA.
San José Chinantequilla
San José Chinantequilla is a Mexican village in the state of Oaxaca, in the municipality of Totontepec Villa de Morelos in the Sierra Mixe region. The village is located about 162 kilometers from Oaxaca City.

Sierra Mixe
The Sierra Mixe or Mixes District is a district in the east of the Sierra Norte Region of the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It comprises 17 municipalities and covers 4,930 square kilometers (1,900 square miles) at an average elevation of 1,200 meters (3,900 feet) above sea level. 
As of 2020 the district had a total population of 112,447.
The main food crops are maize and beans, while permanent crops include coffee, lemon and oranges.

Most of the inhabitants are of indigenous Mixe ethnicity, and the Mixe languages are spoken throughout the region. The western part of the region is high Sierra, with climate ranging to temperate to cold with strong winds and seasons of daily and constant rains and storms, this changes to the Mixe media territories; of lower mountain ranges but still a very abrupt and rough terrain, with daily rain, ranging from tropical to mist forests to pine-encine, but the more eastern parts are the tropical lowlands of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
Singular point of a curve
In geometry, a singular point on a curve is one where the curve is not given by a smooth embedding of a parameter. The precise definition of a singular point depends on the type of curve being studied.

Smoothness
In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of continuous derivatives it has over its domain.

A function of class  is a function of smoothness at least k;  that is, a function of class  is a function that has a kth derivative that is continuous in its domain.

A function of class  or -function (pronounced C-infinity function) is an infinitely   differentiable function, that is, a function that has derivatives of all orders (this implies that all these derivatives are continuous).

Generally, the term smooth function refers to a -function. However, it may also mean "sufficiently differentiable" for the problem under consideration.
Cinta Metropolitan
Cinta Metropolitan (Metropolitan Love) is a 1996 Malaysian action-romantic film co-produced by JD Productions and Grand Brilliance Sdn. Bhd. and directed by Zulkefli M. Osman. The film stars Norman, Yusry, and Edry Abdul Halim of KRU, Vanida Imran, Emilia Rosnaida, Noreen Noor, and Jalaluddin Hassan.

Vanida Imran
Vanidah binti Imran (born 8 February 1973) is a Malaysian actress, model and television host.
In 2007, she received the  Best Female Actress award at 20th Malaysia Film Festival. She is mixed of Indian-Javanese descent.

She is formerly main host of TV3’s women magazine show Nona. The show is talking about women life, healthy lifestyles and family. She eventually became the main host of the show from 2 January 2011 took over Maya Karin.
1st Expeditionary Space Control Squadron
The United States Air Force's 1st Expeditionary Space Control Squadron is a provisional squadron attached to the 21st Space Wing at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado.

Before conversion to provisional status, the 1st Space Control Squadron' was a space situational awareness unit last located at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. The squadron commanded the United States Space Surveillance Network to detect, track, identify and catalog positional data for all human-made objects in Earth orbit.  The squadron was established in 1989 as the 1st Command and Control Squadron at Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Base, Colorado.  It was inactivated in 2008 and its personnel and equipment were integrated into the 614th Air and Space Operations Center.

614th Air Operations Center
The 614th Air Operations Center (614 AOC) was a space operations center of the United States Space Force's Space Operations Command. It served as the core of the Combined Space Operations Center, as well as serving as the Space Force's primary force provider to the CSpOC.
Thuès-les-Bains
Thuès-les-Bains is a hamlet located within the commune of Nyer, in the Pyrénées-Orientales department of southern France. A thermal spa was established there in the 19th century along the banks of the Têt River. Over time, the spa was repurposed into a functional rehabilitation center and later a specialized care facility.

Hot springs in the vicinity have driven the development of thermal tourism in the area. Since the early 21st century, warm-water canyoning activities have been offered in the Faget stream, which flows into the Têt just upstream of the hamlet.

Pyrénées-Orientales
Pyrénées-Orientales (French: [piʁene ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Catalan: Pirineus Orientals [piɾiˈnɛwz uɾiənˈtals]; Occitan: Pirenèus Orientals [piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals]; lit. 'Eastern Pyrenees'), also known as Northern Catalonia, is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France, adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It borders the departments of Ariège to the northwest and Aude to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east and the Spanish province of Girona in Catalonia to the south and the country of Andorra to the west. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish exclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain. In 2019, it had a population of 479,979. Some parts of the Pyrénées-Orientales (like the Cerdagne) are part of the Iberian Peninsula. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range. Historically, most of the department corresponds with the northern part of the medieval and early modern Principality of Catalonia.
Scottown Covered Bridge
The Scottown Covered Bridge, near Scottown, Ohio, was built in 1874. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.  It is a Multiple Kingpost covered bridge.

It spans Indian Guyan Creek and is 85 feet (26 m) long. It has a corrugated metal roof.  It is a multiple Kingpost and Queenpost bridge.

It is located east of Scottown on State Route 67 in Windsor Township, Lawrence County, Ohio

It was built in 1877.  It survived several floods early in its history.  It was modified in 1934 by the addition of a Burr Arch and steel tie rods.

It is covered in the Ohio Historic Places Dictionary.

King post
A king post (or king-post or kingpost) is a central vertical post used in architectural or bridge designs, working in tension to support a beam below from a truss apex above (whereas a crown post, though visually similar, supports items above from the beam below).

In aircraft design a strut called a king post acts in compression, similarly to an architectural crown post.  Usage in mechanical plant and marine engineering differs again, as noted below.
Jorge Bunster
Jorge Bunster (born 17 March 1953) is a Chilean businessman and politician. He served as the general manager of Empresas Copec for 19 years. He served as the Chilean Minister of Energy from 2012 to 2014.

Prior to entering public service in 2010 as an official of the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs, he had an extensive career in the private sector, particularly within the Angelini Group founded by Anacleto Angelini. There, he led Empresas Copec, one of the largest conglomerates in Chile by market capitalization.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Chile)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chile (Spanish: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores) is the cabinet-level administrative office in charge of planning, directing, coordinating, executing, controlling and informing the foreign policy formulated by the President of Chile. It is located in the Edificio José Miguel Carrera at Plaza de la Constitución (Constitution Square), in downtown Santiago.

The present minister of foreign affairs (who is also known colloquially as Chancellor) is Alberto van Klaveren.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD35
In molecular biology, snoRNA U35 (also known as SNORD35)  is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA U35 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

U35 is encoded in intron 6 of ribosomal protein L13A and intron 3 of ribosomal protein S11 in humans and at homologous positions in mouse and chicken ribosomal protein genes. U35 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue C4506.

Small nucleolar RNA
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules in the nucleolus that primarily guide chemical modifications of other RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with methylation, and the H/ACA box snoRNAs, which are associated with pseudouridylation.
SnoRNAs are commonly referred to as guide RNAs but should not be confused with the guide RNAs that direct RNA editing in trypanosomes or the guide RNAs (gRNAs) used by Cas9 for CRISPR gene editing.
Barzio
Barzio (Valsassinese Lombard: Bàrs) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located in the Valsassina about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northeast of Lecco.

Valsassina
Valsassina is a valley in the Alps of Lombardy, northern Italy, within the province of Lecco.
It is included between the Grigna range from West, and the Bergamo Prealps which, in a half-circle stretching from North to East, separate it from the valley of the area of Bergamo and the Valtellina. Valsassina also reaches the Lecco's branch of Lake Como at Lecco itself and Bellano.

The valley is run by the Pioverna stream, which flows from the Grigne to the Lake Como. It's peculiar because it flows from south to north.
Jainism in Mumbai
Mumbai has one of the largest populations of Jains among all the cities in India. Mumbai also has numerous Jain temples. One of the best known is the Babu Amichand Panalal Adishwarji Jain Temple, Walkeshwar (Malabar Hill).

On Mahavira Janma Kalyanak of 2019, more than 108 Sanghas of Mumbai together hosted Varghoda which ended at Godiji Parshvanath temple.

Godiji
Godiji Parshwanath (Hindi: श्री गोडीजी पार्श्वनाथ) is the name given to several images of the Tirthankara Parshvanantha in India, and to the temple where it is the main deity (mulanayaka). Parshwanath was the 23rd Tirthankara who attained nirvana in 777 BCE. All these images and temples belong to the Śvetāmbara sect of Jainism.

The original image, about 1.5 feet (0.46 m) high, was at Gori in Tharparkar district of Pakistan. The original temple still stands, but is empty. It is in village of Gori between Islamkot and Nagarparkar. 
Other Godiji temple is located in small village named Kosana in the Jodhpur District Rajasthan donated by the Nagarseth Sri Hastimal Ji Nahar.
Sengoku Youko
Sengoku Youko (Japanese: 戦国妖狐, Hepburn: Sengoku Yōko; lit. 'Warring States Youko') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Satoshi Mizukami. It was serialized in Mag Garden's Monthly Comic Blade magazine from December 2007 to July 2014, and continued on the Comic Blade web manga service from September 2014 to May 2016. An anime television series adaptation produced by White Fox aired from January to December 2024.

White Fox
White Fox Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社WHITE FOX, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Howaito Fokkusu), is a Japanese animation studio founded in April 2007 by Gaku Iwasa. The studio's most successful productions include adaptations of Steins;Gate,  Re:Zero − Starting Life in Another World, and Akame ga Kill!.
William Packwood
William Henderson Packwood (October 23, 1832 – September 21, 1917) was an American politician who served at the Oregon Constitutional Convention in 1857. A United States Army veteran from the state of Illinois, he was also a school superintendent and acquaintance of President Abraham Lincoln. He was an early resident of Baker City in Eastern Oregon.

Oregon Constitutional Convention
The Oregon Constitutional Convention in 1857 drafted the Oregon Constitution in preparation for the Oregon Territory to become a U.S. state. Held from mid-August through September, 60 men met in Salem, Oregon, and created the foundation for Oregon's law. The proposal passed with a vote of 35 for adoption to 10 against. Oregon then became the 33rd state of the Union on February 14, 1859.