hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uganda Revenue Authority FC
Uganda Revenue Authority Football Club (abbreviated as URA FC) is a Ugandan football team based in the national capital Kampala. The club plays in the Ugandan Premier League and was founded in 1997. They have won the Ugandan Premier League four times and the Uganda Cup three times. On the continent, URA FC has represented Uganda seven times, six times in the CAF champions league and once in the CAF confederation Cup.

Uganda Premier League
The Uganda Premier League, known as the StarTimes Uganda Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Uganda and the highest level of the Ugandan football league system. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Federation of Uganda Football Associations (FUFA). Seasons usually run from September to February, with each team playing 30 matches: two against each other team, one home and one away. Most games are played on weekend afternoons, with occasional weekday evening fixtures.

The league was previously known as the Uganda Super League but changed in the 2014–15 season after new management taking over. The league's roots date back to 1968 when the National First Division League was established.
Upsweep
The Upsweep is a sound detected by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) equatorial autonomous hydrophone arrays. The sound was recorded in August 1991, using the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory's underwater sound surveillance system, SOSUS, and is loud enough to be detected throughout the entire Pacific Ocean. By 1996, early speculations that the sound originated from a biological source was dismissed. The sound consists of a long train of narrow-band upsweeping sounds that occur in intervals of several seconds each. Upsweep occurs and changes seasonally, and is therefore speculated by NOAA scientists to originate from areas of underwater volcanic activity.

Hydrophone
A hydrophone (Ancient Greek: ὕδωρ + φωνή, lit. 'water + sound') is a microphone designed for underwater use, for recording or listening to underwater sound. Most hydrophones contain a piezoelectric transducer that generates an electric potential when subjected to a pressure change, such as a sound wave.

A hydrophone can also detect airborne sounds but is insensitive of them because it is designed to match the acoustic impedance of water, a denser fluid than air. Sound travels 4.3 times faster in water than in air, and a sound wave in water exerts a pressure 60 times more than what is exerted by a wave of the same amplitude in air. Similarly, a standard microphone can be buried in the ground, or immersed in water if it is put in a waterproof container but will give poor performance because of the similarly-bad acoustic impedance match.
Luster (novel)
Luster is a 2020 debut novel by Raven Leilani. It follows a young black woman who gets involved with a middle-aged white man in an open marriage. Luster was released on August 4, 2020 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. It received mainly positive critical reception and won the 2020 Kirkus Prize for fiction, the 2020 Center for Fiction First Novel Prize, and the 2020 John Leonard Prize from the National Book Critics Circle Awards. In December 2020, the novel was found in Literary Hub to have made 16 lists of the year's best books.

Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Farrar, Straus and Giroux (FSG) is an American book publishing company, founded in 1946 by Roger Williams Straus Jr. and John C. Farrar. FSG is known for publishing literary books, and its authors have won numerous awards, including Pulitzer Prizes, National Book Awards, and Nobel Prizes. Since 1993, the publisher has been a division of Macmillan, whose parent company is the German publishing conglomerate Holtzbrinck Publishing Group.
II-58 road (Bulgaria)
Republican Road II-58 (Bulgarian: Републикански път II-58) is a 2nd class road in Bulgaria, running in general direction southeast–northwest through the territory of Kardzhali and Plovdiv Provinces. Its length is 60.8 km.

Kardzhali Province
41°39′N 25°22′E﻿ / ﻿41.650°N 25.367°E﻿ / 41.650; 25.367

Kardzhali Province  (Bulgarian: Област Кърджали, romanized: Oblast Kărdžali) is a province of southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece with the Greek regional units of Xanthi, Rhodope, and Evros to the south and east. It is 3,209.1 km2 in area. Its main city is Kardzhali. It is Bulgaria's southernmost province.
Childhood Eyes
Childhood Eyes is an EP recorded by American rock band Yellowcard. It was released on July 21, 2023 through Equal Vision Records, and was their only release on the label. Executive produced by the band's long-time collaborator Neal Avron, the project marks the band's first studio material in nearly seven years, following their self-titled album in 2016, subsequent breakup the following year, and reformation in 2022.

Yellowcard (album)
Yellowcard is the tenth studio album by American rock band Yellowcard. It was released on September 30, 2016, through Hopeless Records. This was the last album the band released before their breakup in 2017 and reformation in 2022.
Catherine Truitt
Catherine Truitt (born 1970) is an American educator and politician who served as the 21st North Carolina superintendent of public instruction from January 2, 2021 until January 1, 2025. A member of the Republican Party, Truitt previously served as senior advisor on education to North Carolina governor Pat McCrory from 2015 to 2017. She has been the chancellor of the online Western Governors University North Carolina since its establishment in 2017. Truitt ran for reelection in 2024, but was defeated in the Republican primary by Michele Morrow.

Western Governors University
Western Governors University (WGU) is a private online university based in Millcreek, Utah, United States. The university uses an online competency-based learning model, providing advanced education for working professionals. Degrees awarded by WGU are accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU). The university was founded by 19 U.S. governors in 1997, after the idea was formulated at a 1995 meeting of the Western Governors Association to expand education offerings to the internet.
Battle of Sitka
The Battle of Sitka (Russian: Сражение при Ситке) in 1804 was the last major armed conflict between the Russians and Alaska Natives, and was initiated in response to the destruction of a Russian trading post two years before. The primary combatant groups were the Kiks.ádi ("Ones of Kíks", Frog/Raven) clan of Sheetʼká Xʼáatʼi (Baranof Island) of the Tlingit nation and agents of the Russian-American Company assisted by the Imperial Russian Navy.

Tlingit
The Tlingit or Lingít (/ˈtlɪŋkɪt, ˈklɪŋkɪt/ ⓘ TLING-kit, KLING-kit) are an Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. Tlingit people are Alaska Natives and First Nations in Canada. Their mother tongue is the Tlingit language, a Na-Dene language.

The Tlingit have a matrilineal kinship system, with children born into the mother's clan, and property and hereditary roles passing through the mother's line. Their culture and society developed in the temperate rainforest of the southeast Alaskan coast and the Alexander Archipelago. The Tlingit have maintained a complex hunter-gatherer culture based on semi-sedentary management of fisheries. Hereditary slavery was practiced extensively until it was outlawed by the United States Government. The Inland Tlingit live in the far northwestern part of the province of British Columbia and the southern Yukon in Canada. Taku Tlingit live in British Columbia and Alaska.
Kathleen Bever Blackburn
Kathleen Bever Blackburn, FLS (1892–1968) was a British botanist best remembered for the 1923 discovery that plant cells have sex chromosomes. Her principal contributions were in plant cytology and genetics. She was also a pioneer of pollen analysis.: 49  She taught botany at Armstrong College, Durham University (later renamed King's College, now Newcastle University) from 1918 to 1957.: 49

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Quantitative remote sensing
Quantitative remote sensing is a branch of remote sensing. The quantitative remote sensing system does not directly measure land surface parameters of interest. Instead, the signature remote sensors receive is electromagnetic radiation reflected, scattered, and emitted from both the surface and the atmosphere.  Both modeling and model-based inversion are important for quantitative remote sensing. Here, modeling mainly refers to data modeling, which is a method used to define and analyze data requirements; model-based inversion mainly refers to using physical or empirically physical models to infer unknown but interested parameters.

Model
A model is an informative representation of an object, person, or system. The term originally denoted the plans of a building in late 16th-century English, and derived via French and Italian ultimately from Latin modulus, 'a measure'.

Models can be divided into physical models (e.g. a ship model) and abstract models (e.g. a set of mathematical equations describing the workings of the atmosphere for the purpose of weather forecasting). Abstract or conceptual models are central to philosophy of science.

In scholarly research and applied science, a model should not be confused with a theory: while a model seeks only to represent reality with the purpose of better understanding or predicting the world, a theory is more ambitious in that it claims to be an explanation of reality.
Dudhauli
Dudhauli (Nepali: दुधौली) is a municipality of the Sindhuli District in the Bagmati Province of Nepal. It has a total area of 390.39 km2. According to 2021 census, it has a total population of 70,207.

The municipality was established on 2 December 2014 and further expanded on 10 March 2017.

2021 Nepal census
The 2021 Nepal Census was the twelfth nationwide census of Nepal conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics. The census was originally scheduled from 8 June to 22 June 2021, but was postponed to November 2021 due to a surge in COVID-19 cases.
Entangled (Red Dwarf)
"Entangled" is the fourth episode of science fiction sitcom Red Dwarf series X, originally broadcast on the British television channel Dave on 25 October 2012. Lister loses Rimmer in a game of poker to a group of "biologically engineered garbage gobblers", and in return gets an unwanted gift: a groinal exploder programmed to detonate in 24 hours unless Lister pays his debts. Meanwhile, Kryten and Cat become quantum entangled and do everything in perfect unison.

Trojan (Red Dwarf)
"Trojan" is the first episode of science fiction sitcom Red Dwarf series X. Originally broadcast on the British television channel Dave on 4 October 2012, it marked the return of Red Dwarf to a regular series run, 13 years after the conclusion of series 8. The episode touches upon Rimmer's relationship with his brothers and his urge to become an officer, following the discovery of a hologram of his brother Howard.
Parastremmatic dwarfism
Parastremmatic dwarfism is a rare bone disease that features severe dwarfism, thoracic kyphosis (a type of scoliosis that affects the upper back), a distortion and twisting of the limbs, contractures of the large joints, malformations of the vertebrae and pelvis, and incontinence. The disease was first reported in 1970 by Leonard Langer and associates; they used the term parastremmatic from the Greek parastremma, or distorted limbs, to describe it. On X-rays, the disease is distinguished by a "flocky" or lace-like appearance to the bones. The disease is congenital, which means it is apparent at birth. It is caused by a mutation in the TRPV4 gene, located on chromosome 12 in humans. The disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.

Chromosome 12
Chromosome 12 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 12 spans about 133 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.

Chromosome 12 contains the Homeobox C gene cluster.
Rub-A-Dub-Dub (novel)
Rub-A-Dub-Dub is a 2023 comic picaresque novel by Robert Wringham. The novel concerns a working-class, middleaged man who discovers self-care. It is set between October 2019 and January 2020 and takes place on a sleeper train and in a tenement flat in Portobello, Edinburgh.

Sleeping car
The sleeping car or sleeper (often wagon-lit) is a railway passenger car that can accommodate all passengers in beds of one kind or another, for the purpose of sleeping. George Pullman was the main American innovator and owner of sleeper cars in the late 19th and early 20th centuries when railroads dominated intercity passenger travel.

The first such cars saw sporadic use on American and English railways in the 1830s; they could be configured for coach seating during the day.
Benedict Wong
Benedict Wong (born 3 July 1971) is an English actor. He began his career on stage before starring in the film Dirty Pretty Things (2002), which earned him a British Independent Film Award nomination, and the BBC sitcom 15 Storeys High (2002–2004). This was followed by roles in the films On a Clear Day (2005), Sunshine, Grow Your Own (both 2007) and Moon (2009), and the CBBC series Spirit Warriors (2010).

Wong gained further recognition in the 2010s for his roles as Kublai Khan in the Netflix series Marco Polo (2014–2016), Bruce Ng in the film The Martian (2015), and Wong in the Marvel Cinematic Universe since the film Doctor Strange (2016), and the Syfy series Deadly Class (2019). Wong's performance in the film Nine Days (2020) earned him an Independent Spirit Award nomination. As of 2024, he stars in the Netflix series 3 Body Problem. His recent films include Bad Genius (2024) and Weapons (2025).

British Independent Film Awards
The British Independent Film Awards (BIFA) is an organisation that celebrates, supports, and promotes British independent cinema and film-making talent in the United Kingdom. Nominations for the annual awards ceremony are announced in early November, with the ceremony itself taking place in early December.

Since 2015, BIFA has also hosted UK-wide talent development and film screening programmes, with the support of Creative Skillset and the  British Film Institute.
19th Coast Artillery (United States)
The 19th Coast Artillery Regiment was  a Coast Artillery regiment in the United States Army. It was the garrison of the Harbor Defenses of San Diego, replacing the 3rd Coast Artillery there. The regiment was active from 1940 until broken up into battalions and partially inactivated in October 1944 as part of an Army-wide reorganization.

Harbor Defense Command
A Harbor Defense Command was a military organization of the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps designated in 1925 from predecessor organizations dating from circa 1895. It consisted of the forts, controlled underwater minefields, and other coastal defenses of a particular harbor or river. Harbor Defense Commands, along with the similar Coast Artillery Corps, were disestablished in 1950.
Prelude to the Millennium
Prelude to the Millennium: Essentials of Symphony is a compilation album by progressive metal band Symphony X, released in 1999. It features selections from their first four studio albums, although no original versions from their debut album Symphony X are included. Instead, the album starts with a fully re-recorded version of "Masquerade" that features Russell Allen on vocals.

Symphony X (album)
Symphony X is the first studio album by progressive metal band Symphony X, originally released in 1994 through Zero Corporation in Japan, and reissued in 1996 through Inside Out Music in Europe; a remastered edition was reissued on January 13, 2004 through Inside Out Music. The album's release came about as a result of band guitarist Michael Romeo's 1994 solo album, The Dark Chapter, achieving success in Japan. It is the only Symphony X album to feature singer Rod Tyler, who would be replaced by Russell Allen on all subsequent works.
2014 Kenyan National Super League
The 2014 Kenyan National Super League was the inaugural season of the Kenyan National Super League since being established on 10 July 2013, and the 51st second division season since its establishment in 1963. Competition was scheduled to begin on 8 March, but was postponed and instead began a week later on 15 March.

A total of 24 teams, divided into 2 zones of 12 teams each, competed for the league, with 22 promoted from FKF Division One, which has since become the third tier of the Kenyan football league system after the introduction of the National Super League, and 2 teams relegated from the Kenyan Premier League. The top two teams from each zone, Kakamega Homeboyz, Nakumatt, Posta Rangers and Shabana, all gained promotion to the Premier League for the 2015 season, which is set to be contested by 18 teams, up from 16 for the 2014 season.

Kenyan Premier League
The Kenyan Premier League (KPL), officially known as the SportPesa League, is a professional league for men's football clubs in Kenya. Standing at the top of the Kenyan football league system, the league was formed in 1963 under the Kenya Football Federation but is now controlled by the Football Kenya Federation. It is contested by 18 clubs and operates on a promotion and relegation system with the Kenyan National Super League. Kenya Police are the current champions, having won the 2024–25 season.

The league was mostly stable until the late 1990s and since then its performance had been considered below average, with many of the league's clubs having little or no finances to support themselves. However, when SuperSport became an official league partner, the league has taken on a more serious role with teams becoming professional and the majority of the clubs managing to get kit sponsorships. This saw the level of competition improve compared to past.
Federica Testa
Federica Testa (born 27 August 1993) is an Italian-born former competitive ice dancer who is best known for her partnership with Lukáš Csölley for Slovakia. Together, they won four ISU Challenger Series medals and three Slovak national titles. They achieved their best ISU Championship result, 8th, at the 2015 and 2016 European Championships.

Testa competed with Christopher Mior and Andrea Malnati for Italy until 2011.

2015 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2015 European Figure Skating Championships were held 26 January – 1 February 2015 in Stockholm, Sweden. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pairs, and ice dancing.
Roy Stride
Roy Stride (born 11 March 1979) is an English musician, songwriter and producer, also known for fronting the multi-platinum-selling UK band Scouting for Girls. He has combined worldwide single and album sales in excess of 15 million and his songs have featured on three US No. 1 albums and three UK No. 1 albums, and have been streamed on Spotify more than 2 billion times. He has been nominated for one Ivor Novello and four Brit Awards.

With Scouting for Girls, he's written and produced four top 10 albums and four top 10 singles in the UK. Their self-titled debut album topped the charts in 2008 and sold over a million copies, yielding three top 10 singles ("She's So Lovely", "Heartbeat", "Elvis Ain't Dead"). Their follow-up single "This Ain't a Love Song" reached No. 1 for two weeks in 2010.

He has written and produced records for a diverse range of artists including 5 Seconds of Summer, Jax Jones, One Direction, Seafret, Calum Scott, Scouting for Girls and The Vamps.

Jax Jones
Timucin Lam (born Timucin Fabian Kwong Wah Aluo; 25 July 1987), known professionally as Jax Jones, is an English DJ and record producer. He rose to prominence in 2014 by featuring on Duke Dumont's number-one single "I Got U". He followed this with his own singles, "You Don't Know Me" featuring Raye in 2016, and "Instruction" featuring Demi Lovato and Stefflon Don in 2017. Jax's debut studio album, Snacks (Supersize) was released in 2019.
Igor Moskvin
Igor Borisovich Moskvin (Russian: Игорь Борисович Москвин; 30 August 1929 – 10 November 2020) was a Russian figure skating coach and competitor who represented the Soviet Union in pair skating with his partner Maya Belenkaya. He was an Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR and Honored Coach of the USSR.

Unified Sports Classification System of Russia
Unified All-Russian Sports Classification (Russian: Единая всероссийская спортивная классификация) is a system which regulates the Russian physical education system requirements for both athletes and coaches.
May 1920 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Monday, May 3, 1920, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2194. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 3.8 days before apogee (on May 6, 1920, at 21:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This lunar eclipse was the first of an almost tetrad, with the others being on October 27, 1920 (total); April 22, 1921 (total); and October 16, 1921 (partial).

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Anubandha chatushtaya
Anubandha chatushtaya (Sanskrit: अनुबन्ध चतुष्टय) literally means four connections, and therefore, it is four-fold in nature and content viz, – a) adhikāri ('the qualified student') who has developed ekāgrata ('single pointed mind'), chitta shuddhi ('purity of the mind') and vikshepa ('freedom from restlessness and impurity') or adhikāra (aptitude); b) vishaya ('subject matter' or 'the theme') pertaining to the  Jiva-Brahman identity; c) prayojana or  phalasruti ('result' or 'fruit') which is atyantika-dukha-nivritti ('complete cessation of sorrow') and paramānanda-prāpti ('attainment of supreme happiness'), and d) sambandha ('relationship' or 'intertextuality') between adhikāra, vishaya and prayojana.

Prayojana
The word "prayojana" is a Sanskrit term which denotes the ultimate goal or object of attainment. Along with sambandha and abhidheya, prayojana is one of the three fundamental concepts in Gaudiya Vaishnava theology, where it is used to describe the ultimate goal of life - Prema, or pure love of Krishna.