hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rizwan Arshad
Rizwan Arshad is an Indian politician serving the Indian National Congress from the southern state of India, Karnataka. He became an MLA for the first time in December 2019 after winning the bypolls from Shivajinagar Assembly. He was the Congress candidate for Bangalore Central constituency in the 2014 Lok Sabha election, where he lost against BJP's P. C. Mohan. Five years later, he was the Congress-JDS joint candidate for Bangalore Central constituency in the 2019 Lok Sabha Elections, where he again lost the parliamentary election to BJP's P. C. Mohan.

Bangalore Central Lok Sabha constituency
Bangalore Central Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 28 Lok Sabha constituencies in Karnataka state in southern India. This constituency was created in 2008 as part of delimitation. It was carved out of the Bangalore North and South Lok Sabha constituencies during 2009 Indian elections. It first held elections in 2009 and its first member of parliament (MP) was P. C. Mohan
Nicolle Wallace
Nicolle Wallace (née Devenish; born February 4, 1972) is an American television political commentator and author. She is the anchor of the MS NOW news and politics program Deadline: White House and a former co-host of the ABC daytime talk show The View. Wallace is a political analyst for MS NOW and NBC News.  She was previously a frequent on-air contributor to the programs Today, The 11th Hour with Stephanie Ruhle, and Morning Joe.

Wallace served as the White House Communications Director during the second term of the presidency of George W. Bush, having been the Communications Director for his 2004 re-election campaign. She was a senior advisor for John McCain's 2008 presidential campaign. Additionally, she has authored the contemporary political novels Eighteen Acres, It's Classified, and Madam President.

White House Communications Director
The White House communications director or White House director of communications, also known officially as Assistant to the President for Communications, is part of the senior staff of the president of the United States. The officeholder is responsible for developing and promoting the agenda of the president and leading its media campaign.

The director, along with their staff, works on major political speeches such as the inaugural address and the State of the Union Address. The communications director, who is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the president, without the need for United States Senate confirmation, is usually given an office in the West Wing of the White House.
Li Kui (Water Margin)
Li Kui is a fictional character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels in Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Black Whirlwind", he ranks 22nd among the 36 Heavenly Spirits.

He is one of the most savage character in the novel, and also depicted to practice cannibalism.

108 Heroes
The 108 Heroes are the main characters of the Ming dynasty classic Chinese novel the Water Margin, which was written in the 14th century and usually attributed to Shi Nai'an. The heroes are divided into the 36 Heavenly Spirits and 72 Earthly Fiends, groups that are based on a belief in Daoism that Ursa Major has 36 Heavenly stars and 72 Earthly stars. The 108 Heroes represent 108 demonic generals who were banished by Shangdi, a supreme god in Chinese folk religion. Having repented since their banishment, the stars are released from imprisonment by accident, and are reborn in the world as 108 heroes who band together for the cause of justice. The bulk of the novel describes the lives of these men and women and how they came to come together in Mount Liang to rebel against the evil forces controlling the court of the Song dynasty.
Pablo Virgilio David
Pablo Virgilio "Ambo" Siongco David (born March 2, 1959) is a Filipino Catholic prelate who has served as Bishop of Kalookan since 2016, and president of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines from 2021 to 2025. Pope Francis made him a cardinal on December 7, 2024.

Preferred to be known by his nickname "Ambo" or "Apu Ambo" ("grandfather Ambo"), he previously served as Auxiliary Bishop of San Fernando from 2006 to 2015. David was named a papabile and a potential dark horse candidate in the 2025 conclave.

President of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines
The president of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangulo ng Kapulungan ng mga Katolikong Obispo sa Pilipinas) is the executive head of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines, the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in the Philippines. The first president was elected in 1945.
Pirton, Hertfordshire
Pirton is a village and civil parish in the North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It lies 3 miles (5 km) north-west of the town of Hitchin, and adjoins the border with Bedfordshire. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,452.

North Hertfordshire
North Hertfordshire is one of ten local government districts in the county of Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Letchworth Garden City and the largest town is Hitchin. The district also includes the towns of Baldock and Royston and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Part of the district lies within the Chiltern Hills, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are East Hertfordshire, Stevenage, Welwyn Hatfield, St Albans, Luton, Central Bedfordshire, South Cambridgeshire and Uttlesford.
Peter Selg
Peter Selg (born 1963) is a German psychiatrist. He was born in Stuttgart and studied medicine in Witten-Herdecke, Zurich, and Berlin. Until 2000, he worked as the head physician of the juvenile psychiatry department of Herdecke hospital in Germany. Selg is director of the Ita Wegman Institute for Basic Research into Anthroposophy (Arlesheim, Switzerland) and professor of medicine at the Alanus University of Arts and Social Sciences (Germany). He lectures extensively and is the author of numerous books.

Ita Wegman
Ita Wegman (22 February 1876 – 4 March 1943) co-founded Anthroposophical Medicine with Rudolf Steiner. In 1921, she founded the first anthroposophical medical clinic in Arlesheim, known until 2014 as the Ita Wegman Clinic. She also developed a special form of massage therapy, called rhythmical massage, and other self-claimed therapeutic treatments.
Life Ki Toh Lag Gayi
Life Ki Toh Lag Gayi is a 2012 Indian black comedy film directed and produced by Rakesh Mehta, featuring Kay Kay Menon, Ranvir Shorey, Neha Bhasin and Manu Rishi in the lead roles. The film was released on 27 April 2012 in India.

Manu Rishi
Manu Rishi Chadha (born 3 January 1971) is an Indian actor, lyricist, script and dialogue writer who works in Hindi films. Rishi is trained under theatre director Arvind Gaur for six years. He won the Filmfare Best Dialogue Award in 2009 for Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye! He also won the IIFA Best Dialogue Award for Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!.
Kayla McBride
Kayla Renae McBride (born June 25, 1992) is an American professional basketball player for the Minnesota Lynx of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and for Fenerbahçe of the Women's Basketball Super League and EuroLeague Women. She was selected third overall by the San Antonio Stars in the 2014 WNBA draft. McBride played shooting guard for Notre Dame, where she led the Fighting Irish to four consecutive Final Fours and three NCAA championship appearances.

Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's basketball
The Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's basketball team is the intercollegiate women's basketball program representing University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana. The program currently competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference of NCAA Division I. The Fighting Irish play their home games in the Purcell Pavilion at the Edmund P. Joyce Center, and are currently coached by Niele Ivey.
1741 in Russia
Events from the year 1741 in Russia were dominated by a dramatic change in leadership, as Elizabeth Petrovna deposed the infant Emperor Ivan VI and his regent, Anna Leopoldovna, in a bloodless palace coup, and by the outbreak of the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743).

Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)
The Russo-Swedish War of 1741–1743 (also known as The War of the Hats or The Hats' war) was instigated by the Hats, a Swedish political party that aspired to regain the territories lost to Russia during the Great Northern War, and by French diplomacy, which sought to divert Russia's attention from supporting its long-standing ally the Habsburg monarchy in the War of the Austrian Succession. The war was a disaster for Sweden, which lost more territory to Russia.
Japanese torpedo boat Kotaka
Kotaka (小鷹, ”Little Falcon”) was a torpedo boat of the Imperial Japanese Navy. She was ordered in 1885 from the shipbuilder Yarrows in London, Great Britain, where she was built in parts along Japanese specifications, and then assembled in Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, Japan.

She participated in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). She was decommissioned on 1 April 1908, to become a training ship. She was retired on 1 March 1916, but again reactivated in 1917, ending her career in January 1927.

Yarrow Shipbuilders
Yarrow Shipbuilders Limited (YSL), often styled as simply Yarrows, was a major shipbuilding firm based in the Scotstoun district of Glasgow on the River Clyde. It is now part of BAE Systems Surface Ships, owned by BAE Systems, which has also operated the nearby Govan shipyard (formerly Fairfields) since 1999.
Edderside
Edderside is a hamlet in the civil parish of Holme St Cuthbert in Cumbria, England. It is located approximately one mile as the crow files to the south-east of Mawbray, or two-and-a-half miles by road, and a similar distance east of Salta, and north-east of Allonby. The hamlet of Jericho is located less than a mile to the north-east. Approximately 23 miles to the north-east is the city of Carlisle. Allonby Bay, an inlet of the Solway Firth, is one-and-a-half miles to the south-west, as is the B5300 coast road which runs between Silloth-on-Solway, six-and-a-half miles to the north, and Maryport, six miles to the south.

Notable landmarks in the area include Edderside Hall and the church at Holme St. Cuthbert. Excavations of a cropmark enclosure at Edderside were conducted in 1989–1990 by Robert H. Bewley.

Mawbray
Mawbray is a village in the civil parish of Holme St Cuthbert in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Cumberland. It is located on the Solway Plain, 5.2 miles (8.4 km) south west of Silloth, 7.9 miles (12.7 km) north of Maryport, and 25 miles (40 km) west of Carlisle. The B5300, known locally as the "coast road" runs to the west of the village.

Mawbray serves as the hub of a community of several smaller hamlets, including Beckfoot, Goodyhills, Hailforth, Holme St Cuthbert, Jericho, Newtown, Salta, and Tarns.
Sabino Cassese
Sabino Cassese OMRI (born 20 October 1935) is an Italian jurist, former minister for the public function in the Ciampi government (1993–1994), and judge of the Constitutional Court of Italy (2005–2014).

Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second president of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi.

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of science, literature, arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers.

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).
Jiashan Road station
Jiashan Road (Chinese: 嘉善路; pinyin: Jiāshàn Lù) is an interchange station between Lines 9 and 12 of the Shanghai Metro. It is located near the intersection of Zhaojiabang Road and Damuqiao Road. The station came into operation on 31 December 2009 with the opening of line 9. It became an interchange station on 19 December 2015 with the opening of line 12.

Line 9 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 9 is a southwest-northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. The line runs from Shanghai Songjiang Railway Station in Songjiang District to Caolu in Pudong. The line is colored light blue on system maps.
Old Indian Defense
The Old Indian Defense is a chess opening defined by the moves:

1. d4 Nf6

2. c4 d6

This opening is distinguished from the King's Indian Defense in that Black develops their king's bishop on e7 rather than by fianchetto on g7. Mikhail Chigorin pioneered this defense late in his career.

The Old Indian is considered sound, though developing the bishop at e7 is less active than the fianchetto, and it has never attained the popularity of the King's Indian. Some King's Indian players will use the Old Indian to avoid certain anti-King's Indian systems, such as the Sämisch and Averbakh Variations.

The opening is classified in the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings with the codes A53–A55.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Applied Information Science in Economics
The Applied Information Science in Economics (Russian: Прикладная информатика в Экономике) or Applied Computer Science in Economics is a professional qualification generally awarded in Russian Federation. The degree inherited from the U.S.S.R. education system also known as Specialist degree. The degree is awarded after five years of full-time study and includes several internships, course-works, thesis writing and defense.

The degree has similarities with German Magister Artium or Diplom degree. However, due to the Bologna Process number of such degrees are declining.

Degree focuses on applying mathematical methods in economics involving maximum information technology. It is very close to applied mathematics, but includes also major part of computer science.

Specialist degree
The specialist degree is an academic degree conferred by a college or university. The degree is formatted differently worldwide and may be either a five-year program or a doctoral level graduate program that occurs after a master's degree but before a doctoral degree. In the post-Soviet system, the degree is between a bachelor's and a master's degree.
Berta Borodkina
Berta Naumovna Borodkina (Russian: Бе́рта Нау́мовна Боро́дкина; née Korol; 1927–after 1984) was a Soviet official in charge in trade related to catering, executed for embezzling. She was the head of a trust of restaurants and canteens in Gelendzhik, honored worker of trade and public catering of the RSFSR. Borodkina had the nickname Iron Bella.

She was the second of the three women executed in Soviet Union in the period from 1960 to 1987. She was sentenced to death for systematic theft of socialist property.

Food service
The food service (US English) or catering (British and Commonwealth English) industry includes the businesses, institutions, and companies which prepare meals outside the home. It includes restaurants, grocery stores, school and hospital cafeterias, catering operations, and many other formats.

Suppliers to food service operators are food service distributors, who provide small wares (kitchen utensils) and foods. Some companies manufacture products in both consumer and food service versions. The consumer version usually comes in individual-sized packages with elaborate label design for retail sale. The food service version is packaged in a much larger industrial size and often lacks the colorful label designs of the consumer version.
Abtaha Maqsood
Abtaha "Abbie" Maqsood (born 11 June 1999) is a Scottish cricketer who currently plays for Essex and Scotland as a right-arm leg break bowler. She has also previously played for Middlesex, Sunrisers and Birmingham Phoenix.

Essex Women cricket team
The Essex women's cricket team is the women's representative cricket team for the English historic county of Essex. They play their home games at various grounds across the county, including Toby Howe Cricket Ground, Billericay and Garon Park, Southend-on-Sea. They are captained by Grace Scrivens. In 2019, they played in Division Two of the final season of the Women's County Championship, and have since played in the Women's Twenty20 Cup. They are partnered with the regional side Sunrisers.
David Roblin (physician)
David Roblin FRCP, FFPM, FMedSci (born 25 September 1966). is a British physician and scientist specialising in drug discovery, pharmaceutical research, and translational medicine. He has held leadership roles in biotechnology and academia, contributing to the development of new therapeutics.

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine
The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine (FPM) is a faculty of the three Royal Colleges of Physicians of the United Kingdom (the Royal College of Physicians London, the Royal College of Physicians Edinburgh and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow). It is a UK-based professional membership organisation with 1,600 members; physicians with a professional interest in the speciality of pharmaceutical medicine, the science of discovering, developing and testing new drugs, their regulation, and monitoring them for safety both during development and when they are prescribed. FPM is a registered charity and ultimately exists to bring about an improvement in health in patients and the general population.

The president of FPM is Dr Sheuli Porkess.
HMG-CoA
β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, is an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathways. It is formed from acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA by HMG-CoA synthase. The research of Minor J. Coon and Bimal Kumar Bachhawat in the 1950s at University of Illinois led to its discovery.

HMG-CoA is a metabolic intermediate in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids, which include leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Its immediate precursors are β-methylglutaconyl-CoA (MG-CoA) and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyryl-CoA (HMB-CoA).

HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid, a necessary step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

Mevalonic acid
Mevalonic acid (MVA) is a key organic compound in biochemistry; the name is a contraction of dihydroxymethylvalerolactone.  The carboxylate anion of mevalonic acid, which is the predominant form in biological environments, is known as mevalonate and is of major pharmaceutical importance. Drugs like statins (which lower levels of cholesterol) stop the production of mevalonate by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase.
Gamaliel IV
Gamaliel IV (flourished probably late 3rd century CE; also known as Gamaliel IV ben Judah II) was the son of the nasi Judah II and father of  Judah III.

Gamaliel was the president of the Sanhedrin between 270 and 290 CE. However, due to Roman persecution, during his presidency the name Sanhedrin was dropped and its authoritative decisions were subsequently issued under the name Beth HaMidrash. His name is rarely mentioned in the Talmud, as his scholarship was considered inferior to that of his contemporary Rabbi Yochanan.

Hoshaiah Rabbah is said to have prevented Gamaliel from introducing into Syria a ruling referring to the tithing of crops. The Jerusalem Talmud tells a story of Gamaliel's humility: Once when Abbahu asked him a question about the law, Gamaliel speaks of his own ignorance in comparison with Abbahu.

Judah II
Judah II or Nesi'ah I was a Jewish sage who lived in Tiberias in the Land of Israel, in the middle of the third century CE.

He is mentioned in the classical works of Judaism's Oral Torah, the Mishnah and Talmud. There he is variously called "Judah," "Judah Nesi'ah" (= "ha-Nasi"), and occasionally "Rabbi" like his grandfather, Judah haNasi. As Judah III is also designated as "Judah Nesi'ah," it is often difficult, sometimes impossible, to determine which one of these patriarchs is referred to.
Eric J. Boswell
Eric J. Boswell (born May 31, 1945) is an American diplomat who served as the Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security from 2008 to 2012. He previously served in the same post from 1996 to 1998.

Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security
The assistant secretary of state for diplomatic security is the head of the Bureau of Diplomatic Security in the United States Department of State. The assistant secretary of state for diplomatic security reports to the under secretary of state for management.
Tibet Police Officers Institute
Tibet Police Officers Institute (西藏警官高等专科学校) is a full-time public provincial college of higher education in the People's Republic of China, located in Chengguan District, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region.

Lhasa
Lhasa, officially the Chengguan District of Lhasa City, is the inner urban district of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Southwestern China.

Lhasa is the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau after Xining and, at an altitude of 3,656 metres (11,990 ft), Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. The city has been the religious and administrative capital of Tibet since the mid-17th century. It contains many culturally significant Tibetan Buddhist sites such as the Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and Norbulingka Palaces. According to the census, the total resident population of the city by the end of 2024 will be 876,400.
Deja Kelly
Deja Kelly (born September 8, 2001) is an American professional basketball player who is currently playing for Athletes Unlimited Pro Basketball. She played  college basketball for the Oregon Ducks and the North Carolina Tar Heels, where she was a three-time first-team All-Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) selection. Kelly graduated from Duncanville High School in Duncanville, Texas, where she was named a McDonald's All-American.

North Carolina Tar Heels women's basketball
The North Carolina Tar Heels women's basketball team represent the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in the Atlantic Coast Conference of NCAA Division I women's college basketball. They are led by head coach Courtney Banghart, who is in her sixth season.
Notre-Dame-du-Portage
Notre-Dame-du-Portage (French pronunciation: [nɔtʁ dam dy pɔʁtaʒ]) is a municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec located at the edge of the Saint Lawrence River in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region. It is part of the Rivière-du-Loup Regional County Municipality and home to the Riviere-du-Loup Golf Club.

Saint-André-de-Kamouraska
Saint-André-de-Kamouraska (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿ɑ̃dʁe də kamuʁaska]) is a municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the Kamouraska Regional County Municipality. Before 2020, it was known as Saint-André.
Rosin paper
Rosin paper (red building paper, red rosin paper, brown rosin paper, slip sheet paper, rosin-sized sheathing paper, and building paper) is a heavy duty felt paper used in construction such as underlayment under flooring and siding.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.