hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Haweis
Thomas Haweis (c.1734–1820), (surname pronounced to rhyme with "pause") was born in Redruth, Cornwall, on 1 January 1734, where he was baptised on 20 February 1734. As a Church of England cleric he was one of the leading figures of the 18th century evangelical revival and a key figure in the histories of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion, the Free Church of England and the London Missionary Society.

Free Church of England
The Free Church of England (FCE) is an Episcopal Church based in England. The church was founded when a number of congregations separated from the established Church of England in the middle of the 19th century.

The doctrinal basis of the FCE, together with its Episcopal structures, organisation, worship, ministry and ethos are recognisably Anglican although it is not a member of the Anglican Communion. Its worship style follows that of the Book of Common Prayer or conservative modern-language forms that belong to the Anglican tradition.

The Church of England acknowledges the FCE as a church with valid orders and its canons permit a range of shared liturgical and ministerial activities.
Layal Najib
Layal Najib (Arabic: ليال نجيب; 30 August 1983 – 23 July 2006), also romanized Nagib, Nejib or Najeeb, was a Lebanese photojournalist for Agence France Press and Al Jaras and the first journalist killed during the 2006 Lebanon War. She was also among several female journalists who were establishing their reputations as reporters during the war, such as Rima Maktabi and Najwa Qassem.
Najib is one of seven journalists to have been killed since the end of civil war in 1990. Najib's death follows behind that of female journalist Atwar Bahjat who was killed while covering the Iraq War.

Rima Maktabi
Rima Maktabi (born 4 July 1977) (Arabic: ريما مكتبي) is a Lebanese TV presenter and award-winning journalist who returned to al-Arabiya after hosting CNN's monthly program Inside the Middle East for two years and previously working at the Arab satellite channel since 2005. She was among several female Arab journalists who first became known through her reporting during the 2006 Lebanon War and who had successful careers afterward, including Maktabi and her former colleague at al-Arabiya Najwa Qassem.
Judith M. Lumley
Judith Mary Lumley AM (15 February 1941 – 25 October 2018) had a career as an academic, author, public health advocate and perinatal researcher, retiring as Professor Emerita at La Trobe University in December 2008.

La Trobe University
La Trobe University is a public research university based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Its main campus is located in the suburb of Bundoora. The university was established in 1964, becoming the third university in the state of Victoria and the twelfth university in Australia. La Trobe is one of the Australian verdant universities and also part of the Innovative Research Universities group.

La Trobe's original and principal campus is located in the Melbourne metropolitan area, within the northern Melbourne suburb of Bundoora. It is the largest metropolitan campus in the country, occupying over 267 hectares (660 acres). It has two other major campuses located in the regional Victorian city of Bendigo and the twin border cities of Albury-Wodonga. There are two smaller regional campuses in Mildura and Shepparton and a city campus in Melbourne's CBD on Collins Street and in Sydney on Elizabeth Street.

La Trobe offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses across its ten schools.
Matt Turk
Matthew Edward Turk (born June 16, 1968) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He was originally signed by the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent in 1993. He played college football at the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater. A three-time Pro Bowl selection, Turk was also a member of the Los Angeles Rams, Washington Redskins, Miami Dolphins, New York Jets, St. Louis Rams, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans. He is the 2nd tallest punter in NFL history (tied with 2 others).

University of Wisconsin–Whitewater
The University of Wisconsin–Whitewater (UW–Whitewater or UWW) is a public university in Whitewater, Wisconsin, United States. It is part of the University of Wisconsin System. As of fall 2024, the university offers 47 undergraduate majors and 13 graduate programs and enrolls approximately 11,000 students. Approximately 1,400 faculty and staff are employed by the university, and the student body consists of individuals from about 40 US states and 30 countries. UW–Whitewater operates the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater at Rock County, a two-year branch campus in Janesville, Wisconsin.
Laodikino
Laodikino (Greek: Λαοδικηνό, old name: Greek: Τζεβαλί Tzevali) is a village South of the City of Kilkis in the Kilkis regional unit, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit Gallikos and has a population of 135 people (2021).

Kilkis
Kilkis (Greek: Κιλκίς Macedonian/Bulgarian:Кукуш, Kukush)  is a city in Central Macedonia, Greece. As of 2021 there were 24,130 people living in the city proper, 27,493 people living in the municipal unit, and 45,308 in the municipality of Kilkis. It is also the capital city of the regional unit of Kilkis.

The area of Kilkis, during the 20th century, became several times a war theatre; during the Macedonian Struggle, the Balkan Wars, World War I, World War II, the Greek Resistance and the Greek Civil War.
William Shi-Yuan Wang
William Shi-Yuan Wang (Chinese: 王士元; pinyin: Wáng Shìyuán; born August 14, 1933) is a Chinese linguist, with expertise in phonology, the history of Chinese language and culture, historical linguistics, and the evolution of language in humans. He is Chair Professor at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and National Taiwan Normal University, Emeritus Professor of the University of California, Berkeley, and Academician of Academia Sinica.

Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU or HKPU) is a public university in Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The university is one of the eight government-funded degree-granting tertiary institutions in Hong Kong. Founded in 1937 as the first Government Trade School, it is the first institution to provide technical education in Hong Kong. In 1994, the Legislative Council of Hong Kong passed a bill which granted the former Hong Kong Polytechnic official university status.

PolyU consists of 7 Faculties, 4 Schools and 1 College, offering programmes covering business, computer and mathematical sciences, construction & environment, engineering, health & social science, humanities, design, fashion & textiles, hotel and tourism management.
Abraham Roqueñi
Abraham Roqueñi Iglesias (born April 16, 1978) is a Spanish welterweight kickboxer. He was the K-1 MAX Spain 2004 tournament winner, and is a former ISKA, WAKO and WFCA world champion. He holds notable wins over Gago Drago, Luis Reis, Andy Souwer, Giga Chikadze, and Artur Kyshenko.

ISKA (sports governing body)
The ISKA (originally International Sport Karate Association, later also called the International Sport Kickboxing Association) is  international bodies regulating sport karate and kickboxing matches.
It is based in the United States. It was established in 1985 as a response to legal and revenue issues that sent the Professional Karate Association (PKA) into decline.
Meluru
Meluru (Melur Village) and Grama Panchayat are in Sidlaghatta Taluk. It is 20 km from Chikkaballapura district, 20 km from Bengaluru International Airport in Devanahalli, 5 km from Vijayapura and 9 km from Sidlaghatta. It is also around 53 km from Majestic bus stand in Bengaluru.

Sidlaghatta
Shidlaghatta is a town in the Chikkaballapur district in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is known for raw silk.  All the taluk administration lies with the taluk panchayat for the implementation of developmental schemes and their progress.
1865 Minnesota Attorney General election
The 1865 Minnesota Attorney General election was held on November 7, 1865, in order to elect the attorney general of Minnesota. National Union nominee and incumbent member of the Minnesota House of Representatives William J. Colvill defeated Democratic nominee William Lochren.

William J. Colvill
William J. Colvill Jr. (April 5, 1830 – June 12, 1905) was an American Union colonel in the American Civil War who led the 1st Minnesota Volunteer Infantry in the Battle of Gettysburg. He was Minnesota Attorney General from 1866 to 1868 and he also served in the Minnesota House of Representatives.
Melinda Doolittle
Melinda Marie Doolittle (born October 6, 1977) is an American singer who finished as the third place finalist on the sixth season of American Idol. Prior to her appearance on American Idol, Doolittle worked as a professional back-up singer for, among others, Michael McDonald, Kirk Franklin, Aaron Neville, BeBe and CeCe Winans, Alabama, Jonny Lang, Vanessa Bell Armstrong, Carman, and Anointed.

Vanessa Bell Armstrong
Vanessa Bell Armstrong (née Bell; born October 2, 1953) is an American R&B and gospel singer who released her debut album Peace Be Still in 1983. She is a 7-time Grammy Award nominee, Stellar Award winner, and she won a Soul Train Award. She has worked with many in the industry including Mattie Moss Clark (who helped Armstrong with her career), Daryl Coley, The Clark Sisters, Rance Allen, James Cleveland, and many others. Armstrong (a Detroit native), has an honorary doctorate degree in theology from Next Dimension University, received at the West Angeles Cathedral in Los Angeles in 2017.
Edward Eugene Claplanhoo
Edward Eugene Claplanhoo (August 8, 1928 – March 14, 2010) was an American Makah elder and former chairman of the Makah Tribe, located on the northwest tip of the Olympic Peninsula in Washington state. Claplanhoo was the first Makah to earn a bachelor's degree. Claplanhoo was the chairman of the Makah during the excavation of the Ozette Indian Village Archeological Site in the 1970s. He is credited with keeping the artifacts uncovered at Ozette in Neah Bay. Under his leadership, the Makah Museum, which houses the Ozette collection, was established at Neah Bay in 1979. He also established Fort Núñez Gaona–Diah Veterans Park in Neah Bay in 2008.

Makah
The Makah (/məˈkɑː/; Makah: qʷidiččaʔa·tx̌) are an Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast living in Washington, in the northwestern part of the continental United States. They are enrolled in the federally recognized Makah Indian Tribe of the Makah Indian Reservation, commonly known as the Makah Tribe.

Linguistically and ethnographically, they are closely related to the Nuu-chah-nulth and Ditidaht peoples of the West Coast of Vancouver Island, who live across the Strait of Juan de Fuca in British Columbia, Canada.
The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm
"The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm: A Critique of the Adaptationist Programme", also known as the "Spandrels paper", is a paper by evolutionary biologists Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewontin, originally published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences in 1979. The paper criticizes the adaptationist school of thought that was prevalent in evolutionary biology at the time using two metaphors: that of the spandrels in St Mark's Basilica, a cathedral in Venice, Italy, and that of the fictional character "Pangloss" in Voltaire's novella Candide. The paper was the first to use the architectural term "spandrel" in a biological context; the term "spandrel" has since gained currency in biology to refer to byproducts of adaptation.

Spandrel
A spandrel is a roughly triangular space, usually found in pairs, between the top of an arch and a rectangular frame, between the tops of two adjacent arches, or one of the four spaces between a circle within a square. They are frequently filled with decorative elements.
Scandals of the Reagan administration
The presidency of Ronald Reagan was marked by numerous scandals, resulting in the investigation, indictment or conviction of over 138 administration officials, the largest number for any president of the United States.

Rita Lavelle
Rita Marie Lavelle (born September 8, 1947) is a United States and California State Republican political figure. In 1984, Lavelle was convicted on federal charges of perjury related to an investigation into misuse of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's "Superfund" money during her tenure with the agency, and irregularities at the Stringfellow Acid Pits, a major hazardous waste site. The Lavelle incident was labeled "Sewergate" or "Garbagegate" by the newspapers at the time.

In 2004, Lavelle was convicted again on unrelated federal charges of one count of wire fraud and two counts of making false statements to the FBI. Lavelle committed these crimes in her NuTECH Enterprises, Inc. business of environmental consultation.
Steven Shingler
Steven Shingler (born 20 June 1991) is a professional rugby union player for Ealing Trailfinders in the RFU Championship. His favoured position is Fly-half but he also plays centre and full-back. His older brother Aaron Shingler is a Wales international rugby union player.

Champ Rugby
Champ Rugby (formerly the RFU Championship) is an English rugby union competition among fourteen clubs. It is the second level of men's English rugby and is played by both professional and semi-professional players. The competition has existed since 1987, when English clubs were first organised into leagues. Historically the competition provided automatic promotion to the top-flight PREM Rugby, but following a vote by the RFU Council on 27 February 2026, automatic promotion and relegation between the two tiers was abolished from the 2026–27 season. Champ Rugby remains a required pathway to the PREM under the new criteria-based expansion model, under which any club seeking admission to the PREM must first have played at least one season in the Champ.
Segna di Bonaventura
Segna di Bonaventura, also known as Segna de Bonaventura, and as Segna di Buonaventura, was an Italian painter of the Sienese School. He was active from about 1298 to 1331.

In 1306 he painted a panel for the office of the Biccherna in the Palazzo Pubblico in Siena. In 1317 he painted an altar panel for the convent of Lecceto (near Siena). In 1319 he repaired a figure of the Virgin in the Palazzo Pubblico. In 1321 he painted a panel for the Palazzo Pubblico. Segna di Bonaventura’s sons Niccolò di Segna and Francesco di Segna di Bonaventura were also painters of the Sienese School.

Like his uncle Duccio, Segna di Bonaventura’s paintings are characterized by graceful curvilinear rhythms and subtle blends of colors. The Alte Pinakothek (Munich), the Honolulu Museum of Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Minneapolis Institute of Arts, the North Carolina Museum of Art, and the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Siena are among the public collections having paintings by Segna di Bonaventura.

Minneapolis Institute of Art
The Minneapolis Institute of Art (Mia) is an art museum located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Home to more than 100,000 works of art representing 5,000 years of world history, Mia is one of the largest art museums in the United States. Its permanent collection spans about 5,000 years and represents the world's diverse cultures across six continents. The museum has five curatorial areas: Arts of Global Africa, Global Contemporary Art, Asian Art, European Art, and Arts of the Americas.

More than a half-million people visit the museum each year, and a hundred thousand more are reached through the museum's Art Adventure program for elementary schoolchildren. The museum has a free general admission policy, as well as public programs, classes for children and adults, and interactive media programs.
Robert Calvert (saxophonist)
Robert Calvert, also credited as Rob Calvert, is an English saxophonist, best known for his work with Catapilla, Spontaneous Music Ensemble and numerous offshoots of Gong, including Gilli Smyth and Daevid Allen. Calvert rejects categorization of his music, into jazz or other genres, concentrating on the spirit and meaning.

Daevid Allen
Christopher David "Daevid" Allen (13 January 1938 – 13 March 2015) was an Australian musician. He was co-founder of the Canterbury scene groups Soft Machine (in the UK, 1966) and Gong (in France, 1967).
Wil To Win
Wil To Win is a Philippine television variety game show broadcast by TV5. Hosted by Willie Revillame and Randy Santiago, it aired on the network's Todo Max Primetime Singko line up and worldwide on Kapatid Channel from July 14, 2024 to April 25, 2025, replacing Barangay Singko Panalo and was replaced by the second wave of Frontline Express and the rerun of Sa Ngalan ng Ina.

Frontline Pilipinas
Frontline Pilipinas (lit. 'Frontline Philippines') is a Philippine television news broadcasting show broadcast by TV5, with simulcast on RPTV since 2024. Originally anchored by Raffy Tulfo and Cheryl Cosim, it premiered on October 5, 2020, replacing Aksyon. Cosim and Julius Babao currently serve as the anchors.
Edith Södergran
Edith Irene Södergran (4 April 1892 – 24 June 1923) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish poet. One of the first modernists within Swedish-language literature, her influences came from French Symbolism, German expressionism, and Russian futurism. At the age of 24 she released her first collection of poetry entitled Dikter ("Poems"). Södergran died at the age of 31, having contracted tuberculosis as a teenager. She did not live to experience the worldwide appreciation of her poetry, which has influenced many lyrical poets. Södergran is considered to have been one of the greatest modern Swedish-language poets, and her work continues to influence Swedish-language poetry and musical lyrics, for example, in the works of Mare Kandre, Gunnar Harding, Eva Runefelt, Heidi Sundblad-Halme, and Eva Dahlgren.

Elmer Diktonius
Elmer Rafael Diktonius (20 January 1896 – 23 September 1961) was a Finnish poet and composer, who wrote in both Swedish and in Finnish.

He was born in Helsinki and studied at the Helsinki Music Institute. He undertook several study trips abroad, including to France and England in 1921–22, Paris in 1925–27, and Prague in 1934. In 1922, he established an avant-garde magazine, Ultra, which had Finnish and Swedish editions. He was also involved in the establishment of another avant-garde magazine Quosego. In addition to his editorial work, he was a literary and music critic for numerous publications, including Arbetarbladet, Elanto, Suomen Sosialidemokraatti, Nya Argus, and the Malmö-based Arbetet. He was a board member of the Society of Swedish Authors in Finland from 1927, and served as its vice-chairman between 1937 and 1944. He mainly lived in Tuomistonoja of the Röykkä village.

Diktonius died in Kauniainen, and is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.
China Railways TH1
The China Railways TH1 class steam locomotive was a class of 4-6-0 steam locomotives operated by the China Railway. Originally built for the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu), some were also operated by the Manchukuo National Railway. The "Teho" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-0 wheel arrangement were called "Ten-Wheeler".

Manchukuo National Railway
The Manchukuo National Railway (Traditional Chinese and Japanese kanji: 滿洲國有鐵道, Japanese romanization: Manshū Kokuyū Tetsudō) was the state-owned national railway company of Manchukuo. Generally called the "國線" ("National Line", Kokusen), it was controlled by the Manchukuo Ministry of Transportation and had its lines primarily in the central and northern parts of the country. In local newspapers it was simply referred to as "國鉄" (Japanese: Kokutetsu, "National Rail"). It was built, operated and managed by the South Manchuria Railway, a state-owned national railway company of the Empire of Japan, of which the Kwantung Army frequently intervened in its affairs.
Heringsdorf Pier
Heringsdorf Pier (German: Seebrücke Heringsdorf) - a pier located in Heringsdorf, with a length of 508 metres; stretching out into the Baltic Sea, on the island of Usedom; in Germany.

In the years of 1891–1893, a wooden pier was built in the settlement of Heringsdorf, which at that time was the longest pier in Europe. The locals on the island of Usedom called the pier after the German Emperor Wilhelm II (Kaiser Wilhelm Brücke). The whole structure of the pier was decorated and housed numerous shops and restaurants. In 1958, the whole pier was burned down by a fire. The current pier's construction began on May 27, 1994. The current pier was complete on June 3, 1995. The current pier houses a Museum of the Concert Shell, cinema, café, restaurant, fitness centre, tourist gift shops and a holiday village.

Heringsdorf
Heringsdorf is a semi-urban municipality and a popular seaside resort  on Usedom Island in Western Pomerania, Germany. It is also known by the name Kaiserbad (English: Emperor's Spa).

The municipality was formed in January 2005 out of the former municipalities of Heringsdorf, Ahlbeck and Bansin. Until January 2006, the municipality was called Dreikaiserbäder, literally meaning Three Imperial Spas, a reference to several vacation visits of the German emperor Wilhelm II until 1918.

For the same reason, the fine sandy beach stretching about 12 km (7.5 mi) from Bansin over Heringsdorf to Ahlbeck and Swinemünde (nowadays a Polish spa), is also called Kaiserstrand (Imperial Beach). The continuous Baltic Sea beach of Usedom Island has an overall length of exactly 40 km (25 mi) and an average width of 40 m (130 ft).

Tourism is the dominant economic sector of the Imperial Spas, with an increasing number of hotels and vacation homes every year.
Karl Philipp von Wrede
Karl (or Carl) Philipp Josef, Prince von Wrede (German: [ˈvʁeːdə]; 29 April 1767 – 12 December 1838) was a Bavarian field marshal. He was an ally of Napoleonic France until he negotiated the Treaty of Ried with Austria in 1813. Thereafter Bavaria joined the coalition.

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.
Fulfilment (radio play)
Fulfilment is a 1948 Australian radio drama by Rex Rienits about Mary Reibey that aired on the ABC. The play was popular and was performed again in 1951.

It was one of several dramatisations of Australian historical figures by Rienits, others including Margaret Catchpole, the Rum Rebellion, Mary Bligh, Ned Kelly and Mary Bryant.

A copy of the script is in the State Library of New South Wales.

There had been a 1947 Australian radio play about Reibey called Mary Reibey by Dymphna Cusack.

Stormy Petrel (radio serial)
Stormy Petrel is a 1948 Australian radio serial about the career of William Bligh by Rex Rienits. It aired Mondays to Thursdays at 6.40pm on the ABC.

It was very popular and was produced again in 1953 and 1959.

Rienits sold it to the BBC.

It was adapted into a 1960 mini-series and a novel.