hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (1882–1904)
Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (German: Herzog Paul Friedrich zu Mecklenburg; given names: Paul Frederick Charles Alexander Michael Hugh; 12 May 1882 – 21 May 1904) was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and a German soldier and sailor. He was styled His Highness Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg.

House of Mecklenburg
The House of Mecklenburg, also known as the Nikloting dynasty, is a North German family of Polabian origin that ruled until 1918 in the Mecklenburg region, being among the longest-ruling families of Europe. Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (1909–2004), former Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980), was an agnatic member of this house.
José Santos Salas
José Santos Salas Morales  (8 July 1888 – 16 October 1955) was a Chilean physician and politician. He was a candidate for the presidential election of 1925, where he was defeated by Emiliano Figueroa.

Santos Salas was one of the leaders of the Social-Republican Union of the Wage Earners of Chile (USRACh), a party that brought together workers and their unions during the 1920s. The leftist movement emerged in parallel to the Communist Party.

He was appointed by the Government Junta of 1925 as Minister of Hygiene, Social Assistance and Welfare. He was Minister of Justice and Hygiene during the administration of Carlos Ibáñez del Campo in 1927. Salas was also Minister of Health of Gabriel González Videla in 1947.

Gonzalez Videla appointed him as mayor of Santiago in 1946, in a position he held until 1950.

Ministry of Health (Chile)
The Ministry of Health of Chile (Spanish: Ministerio de Salud de Chile), also known as MINSAL, is the cabinet-level administrative office in charge of planning, directing, coordinating, executing, controlling and informing the public health policies formulated by the President of Chile. Notably, all employees pay 7% of their monthly income to FONASA, the funding branch of the Chilean Ministry of Health.

The current Minister of Health is Ximena Aguilera. The minister has two adjuncts: the Undersecretary of Public Health (Spanish: Subsecretaria de Salud Pública) and the Undersecretary of Assistance Networks (Spanish: Subsecretaria de Redes Asistenciales).
162nd Attack Squadron
The 162nd Attack Squadron (162 ATKS) is a unit of the Ohio Air National Guard 178th Wing located at Springfield Air National Guard Base, Springfield, Ohio. The 162nd is equipped with the General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper UAV.

Springfield–Beckley Municipal Airport
Springfield–Beckley Municipal Airport (IATA: SGH, ICAO: KSGH, FAA LID: SGH) is a civil-military airport in Green Township in Clark County, Ohio, United States. It is owned by the city of Springfield, five miles (8 km) to the north. It is named after the Beckley family, a member of which knew the Wright Brothers, and witnessed and photographed their first flights.

Three units of the Ohio Air National Guard, including the 178th Wing (formerly 178th Fighter Wing), are based at the co-located Springfield Air National Guard Base.

The airport hosts events such as fly-ins and airshows with vintage airplanes. The airport has hosted the Commemorative Air Force.

The airport is home to flight schools. Flight training is available for students at the Clark State Community College.
Border Police of North Macedonia
The Border Police (Macedonian: Гранична полиција, Granična policija) is a legal police unit that monitors and protects the borders of North Macedonia. It faced off against 40 armed men on 21 April 2015 with NLA patches. 4 policemen were captured, but were later released.

National Liberation Army (Macedonia)
The National Liberation Army (NLA; Albanian: Ushtria Çlirimtare Kombëtare, abbr. UÇK; Macedonian: Ослободителна народна армија, romanized: Osloboditelna narodna armija, abbr. ONA), also known as the Macedonian UÇK (Albanian: UÇK Maqedonase; Macedonian: Македонска УЧК, romanized: Makedonska UČK), was an ethnic Albanian militia that initiated the insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia in 2001 and was closely associated with the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). Following the insurgency, it was disarmed through the Ohrid Framework Agreement, which gave greater rights and autonomy to the state's Macedonian Albanians.
Velvikudi inscription
The Velvikudi inscription is an 8th-century bilingual copper-plate grant from the Pandya kingdom of southern India. Inscribed in Tamil and Sanskrit languages, it records the renewal of a grant of the Velvikudi village to a brahmana by the Pandya king Nedunjadaiyan Varaguna-varman I alias Jatila Parantaka (r. c. 768-815 CE) in c. 769-770 CE.

Brahmadeya
Brahmadeya (Sanskrit for "given to Brahmana") was tax free land gift, either in the form of single plot or whole villages, donated to Brahmanas in the early medieval India. It was initially practiced by the ruling dynasties and was soon followed up by the chiefs, merchants, feudatories, etc. Brahmadeya was devised as a means to develop the village and install culture.
John Norton (general)
Lieutenant General John Norton (14 April 1918 – 6 December 2004) was a general in the United States Army. His decorations include the Distinguished Service Medal (4 times) and the Silver Star. He was key in founding the Army Air Corps (later the United States Air Force) and helped pioneer the use of helicopters in combat, and is a member of the Army Aviation Hall of Fame and the Army Field Experimentation Hall of Fame.

United States Army Aviation Branch
The United States Army Aviation Branch is the aviation branch of the United States Army and the administrative organization that is responsible for doctrine, manning and configuration for all army aviation units. This branch was formerly considered to be one of the combat arms branches, but is today included within the "Maneuver, Fires and Effects" (MFE) classification, in accordance with current U.S. Army organizational doctrine.

After the United States Army Air Corps grew into the Army Air Forces and split into the new service, the United States Air Force, the Army was left with its sole fixed-wing aviation units flying Taylorcraft L-2 Grasshopper observation planes for artillery units. The Army would develop a new concept of aviation using the helicopter that would show promise during the Korean War and would revolutionize warfare during the Vietnam War.
Tim Merlier
Tim Merlier (born 30 October 1992) is a Belgian cyclist who rides for UCI WorldTeam Soudal–Quick-Step.

Considered to be one of the fastest sprinters in the world, Merlier has over 50 wins as a professional, including three stage wins at the Tour de France (2021 and 2025) and four at the Giro d'Italia (2021 and 2024). Merlier won the 2024 European Road Race Championship, and is a two-time winner of the Belgian National Road Race Championships, winning in 2019 and 2022.

Merlier also competes in cyclo-cross, having previously raced at the 2016 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships in Heusden-Zolder.

2024 European Road Championships
The 2024 European Road Cycling Championships was the 30th running of the European Road Cycling Championships, which took place from 11 to 15 September 2024 in the province of Limburg, Belgium. The event consisted of a total of 6 road races, 6 time trials, and 2 relays
The Little Bookroom
The Little Bookroom is a collection of twenty-seven stories for children by Eleanor Farjeon, published by Oxford University Press in 1955 with illustrations by Edward Ardizzone. They were selected by the author from stories published earlier in her career. Most were in the fairy tale style.

Next year Farjeon won the inaugural Hans Christian Andersen International Medal, recognising her career contribution to children's literature as a writer. She also won the annual Carnegie Medal, recognising The Little Bookroom as the year's  best children's book by a British subject.

Oxford published a U.S. edition in 1956 with a long title, as catalogued by the national library: The Little Bookroom: Eleanor Farjeon's short stories for children, chosen by herself.

Hans Christian Andersen Award
The Hans Christian Andersen Awards are two literary awards given by the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), recognising one living author and one living illustrator for their "lasting contribution to children's literature". The writing award was first given in 1956, the illustration award in 1966. The former is sometimes called the "Nobel Prize for children's literature".

The awards are named after Hans Christian Andersen, a 19th-century Danish author of fairy tales, and each winner receives the Hans Christian Andersen Medaille (a gold medal with the bust of Andersen) and a diploma. Medals are presented at the biennial IBBY Congress.
Toni Bizaca
Toni Bizaca (born 3 December 1982) is a Croatian retired basketball player. Bizaca is a 6 ft 8 in forward and has played for multiple teams in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Ukraine and Sweden in his career. In Sweden, he won five Basketligan championships and was named the league's Most Valuable Player twice.

Swedish Basketball League MVP
The Swedish Basketball League MVP award is an annual award that is handed out to the most valuable player in the Swedish Basketball League (SBL), which is the highest tier of professional basketball in the country of Sweden. The award was first introduced in the 1992–93 season. Formerly, it was named the Basketligan MVP.
Ozolmuiža Manor
Ozolmuiža Manor (Latvian: Ozolmuižas kungu māja, German: Gut Lappier) is an Early Classicism style manor house built for Count George Johann von Mellin at the end of the 18th century in Brīvzemnieki Parish, Limbaži Municipality, in the Vidzeme region of Latvia.

Limbaži Municipality
Limbaži Municipality (Latvian: Limbažu novads) is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Katvari Parish, Limbaži Parish, Pāle Parish, Skulte Parish, Umurga Parish, Vidriži Parish, Viļķene Parish and Limbaži town, with the administrative centre being Limbaži.

On 1 July 2021, Limbaži Municipality was enlarged when Aloja Municipality and Salacgrīva Municipality were merged into it. Since that date, Limbaži Municipality consists of the following administrative units: Ainaži Parish, Ainaži town, Aloja Parish, Aloja town, Braslava Parish, Brīvzemnieki Parish, Katvari Parish, Liepupe Parish, Limbaži Parish, Limbaži town, Pāle Parish, Salacgrīva Parish, Salacgrīva town, Skulte Parish, Staicele Parish, Staicele town, Umurga Parish, Vidriži Parish and Viļķene Parish. Latvian law defines the entire territory of Limbaži Municipality as a part of the region of Vidzeme. It borders Estonia.
Martin Stadium at Edens Field
Martin Stadium at Dr. Robert M. Edens Field is a soccer-specific stadium on the campus of Presbyterian College in Clinton, South Carolina. The stadium hosts the Presbyterian Blue Hose men's and women's soccer teams. The facility opened in 2000, and sits 400.

The stadium will host the 2018 final of the Big South Conference Men's Soccer Tournament.

Presbyterian Blue Hose
The Presbyterian Blue Hose are the athletic teams of Presbyterian College, located in Clinton, South Carolina, United States. The Blue Hose athletic program is a member of the Big South Conference and competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS). The PC Athletic Department fields a total of 19 varsity teams, eight men's and 11 women's sports. The school colors are garnet and blue, and the mascot is Scotty the Scotsman, a medieval Scottish warrior. The team name comes from the socks worn by the football team in the early days of the twentieth century.
Grand County, Utah
Grand County is a county on the east central edge of the U.S. state of Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 9,669. Its county seat and largest city is Moab.

Grand County is home to one of the nine statewide regional campuses of Utah State University (located in the city of Moab) and serves as a gateway to both Arches and Canyonlands National Parks.

Canyonlands National Park
Canyonlands National Park is a national park of the United States located in southeastern Utah near the town of Moab. The park preserves a colorful landscape eroded into numerous canyons, mesas, and buttes by the Colorado River, the Green River, and their respective tributaries. Legislation creating the park was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 12, 1964.

The park is divided into four districts: the Island in the Sky, the Needles, the Maze, and the combined rivers—the Green and Colorado—which carved two large canyons into the Colorado Plateau. While these areas share a primitive desert atmosphere, each retains its own character. Author Edward Abbey, a frequent visitor, described the Canyonlands as "the most weird, wonderful, magical place on earth—there is nothing else like it anywhere."
Expenses versus capital expenditures
Under the U.S. tax code, businesses expenditures can be deducted from the total taxable income when filing income taxes if a taxpayer can show the funds were used for business-related activities, not personal or capital expenses (i.e., long-term, tangible assets, such as property).  Capital expenditures either create cost basis or add to a preexisting cost basis and cannot be deducted in the year the taxpayer pays or incurs the expenditure.

In terms of its accounting treatment, an expense is recorded immediately and impacts directly the income statement of the company, reducing its net profit. In contrast, a capital expenditure is capitalized, recorded as an asset and depreciated over time.

Internal Revenue Code
The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (IRC), is the domestic portion of federal statutory tax law in the United States. It is codified in statute as Title 26 of the United States Code. The IRC is organized topically into subtitles and sections, covering federal income tax in the United States, payroll taxes, estate taxes, gift taxes, and excise taxes; as well as procedure and administration. The Code's implementing federal agency is the Internal Revenue Service.
Quotient automaton
In computer science, in particular in formal language theory, a quotient automaton can be obtained from a given nondeterministic finite automaton by joining some of its states. The quotient recognizes a superset of the given automaton; in some cases, handled by the Myhill–Nerode theorem, both languages are equal.

Myhill–Nerode theorem
In the theory of formal languages, the Myhill–Nerode theorem provides a necessary and sufficient condition for a language to be regular. The theorem is named for John Myhill and Anil Nerode, who proved it at the University of Chicago in 1957 (Nerode & Sauer 1957, p. ii).
Inferno (Doctor Who)
Inferno is the fourth and final serial of the seventh season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in seven weekly parts on BBC1 from 9 May to 20 June 1970. The serial remains the last time a Doctor Who story was transmitted in seven episodes. This serial was also the last regular appearance of Caroline John in the role of Liz Shaw.

In the serial, the alien time traveller the Third Doctor (Jon Pertwee) transports himself "sideways in time" to a parallel world, where a British drilling project causes catastrophic amounts of heat and force to be unleashed when it penetrates the Earth's crust.

Parallel universes in fiction
A parallel universe, also known as an alternate universe, world, or dimension, is a plot device in fiction which uses the notion of a hypothetical universe co-existing with another, typically to enable alternative narrative possibilities. The sum of all potential parallel universes that constitute reality is often called the "multiverse".

The device serves several narrative purposes. Among them, parallel universes have been used to allow stories with elements that would ordinarily violate the laws of nature, to enable characters to meet and interact with alternative versions of themselves or others from their home universe, thus enabling further character development, and to serve as a starting point for speculative fiction, particularly alternate history.
Jesús Hermida
Jesús Hermida Pineda OAXS (27 June 1937 – 4 May 2015) was a Spanish journalist. He worked as a U.S. correspondent for Televisión Española in New York City, New York.

Hermida was born Huelva. He died from a stroke in Madrid, at the age of 77.

Civil Order of Alfonso X, the Wise
The Civil Order of Alfonso X the Wise (Spanish: Orden Civil de Alfonso X el Sabio) is a Spanish civil order established in 1939, recognising activities in the fields of education, science, culture, higher education and research.

The order was created on 23 May 1902 by Royal decree as the Order of Alfonso XII. In 1988 the order was reformed and given its current name. The main innovation of the 1988 reform was to discontinue the previous award's practice of distinguishing male and female achievements, thereby eliminating explicit sexual discrimination.
Siona Tagger
Siona Tagger (also spelled Sionah Tagger, Hebrew: ציונה תג'ר; August 17, 1900–June 16, 1988) was an Israeli painter, known for her paintings of the life in early 20th century Land of Israel and the Yishuv.

The student of Isaac Frenkel and Joseph Constant; in 1925, she became the first female member of the Hebrew Artists Association, and is often considered "the most important female Israeli artist of the early decades of the 20th century."

Joseph Constant
Joseph Constant (born Joseph Constantinovsky, 14 July 1892 – 3 October 1969) was a Franco-Russian Israeli sculptor, painter and writer of Jewish origin. As a sculptor, he adopted the name "Joseph Constant", as a writer he used the pseudonym "Michel Matveev".
Uttamaujas and Yudhamanyu
Uttamauja (Sanskrit: उत्तमौजस्) and Yudhamanyu (Sanskrit: युधामन्यु) are two brothers from the Panchala kingdom featured in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. In some versions of the epic, they were the sons of Panchala king Drupada and thus the brothers of Draupadi. During the Kurukshetra War, they became the bodyguards of Arjuna and fought a battle against Duryodhana.

Panchala
Panchala (IAST: Pañcāla) was an ancient kingdom of northern India, located in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab of the Upper Gangetic plain which is identified as Kanyakubja or region around Kannauj. During Late Vedic times (c. 1100–500 BCE), it was one of the most powerful states of ancient India, closely allied with the Kuru kingdom. By the c. 5th century BCE, it had become an oligarchic confederacy, considered one of the solasa (sixteen) mahajanapadas (major states) of the Indian subcontinent. After being absorbed into the Mauryan Empire (322–185 BCE), Panchala regained its independence until it was annexed by the Gupta Empire in the 4th century CE.
Resul Hojaýew
Resul Yazgeldiyevich Hojayev (Turkmen: Resul Ýazgeldiýewiç Hojaýew; born January 7, 1997) is a Turkmen professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for FK Arkadag and the Turkmenistan national team.

He has won seven Turkmenistan Ýokary Liga titles.

Turkmenistan national football team
The Turkmenistan national football team (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň milli futbol ýygyndysy) represents Turkmenistan in men's international football. It is controlled by the Football Federation of Turkmenistan, the governing body for football in Turkmenistan. Turkmenistan's home ground is the Kopetdag Stadium and their head coach is Mergen Orazow. The team represents FIFA and Asian Football Confederation (AFC).
Alexander Cotzhausen
Ludwig Alexander Frederich Wilhelm Von Cotzhausen (February 2, 1827 – July 10, 1899) was a German American immigrant, businessman, and politician.  He served one term in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing part of the city of Milwaukee during the 1858 session.

11th Wisconsin Legislature
The Eleventh Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 13, 1858, to March 17, 1858, in regular session.

Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term.  Assembly members were elected to a one-year term.  Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 3, 1857.  Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 4, 1856.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Alexander Randall, of Waukesha County, serving the first year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1857 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Right colic artery
The right colic artery is an artery of the abdomen, a branch of the superior mesenteric artery supplying the ascending colon. It divides into two terminal branches - an ascending branch and a descending branch - which form anastomoses with the middle colic artery, and ileocolic artery (respectively).

The right colic artery may be removed during a right hemicolectomy.

Superior mesenteric artery
In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is an artery which arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies blood to the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas.
How to Build a Library
How to Build a Library is a 2025 Kenyan-American documentary film, directed and produced by Maia Lekow and Christopher King. It follows Shiro Koinange and Angela Wachuka, as they restore McMillan Memorial Library, Nairobi.

It had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 26, 2025.

2025 Sundance Film Festival
The 2025 Sundance Film Festival took place in person from January 23 to February 2, 2025, in Park City and Salt Lake City, Utah, and online from January 30 to February 2. The first selection lineup was announced on December 11, 2024.

It is one of the last editions to take place in Utah, as the festival announced it will be held in Boulder, Colorado, beginning with the 2027 edition.
Sky Hawk (manga)
Sky Hawk (Japanese: 天の鷹, Hepburn: Ten no Taka) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Jiro Taniguchi. It was serialized in Futabasha's Manga Action and published in a single volume in September 2002.

Jiro Taniguchi
Jiro Taniguchi (谷口 ジロー, Taniguchi Jirō; 14 August 1947 – 11 February 2017) was a Japanese manga writer/artist. His works belong to the gekiga, or "dramatic pictures", genre of manga. In France he was knighted a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 2011.
Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof
The Anhalter Bahnhof is a former railway terminus in Berlin, Germany, approximately 600 m (2,000 ft) southeast of Potsdamer Platz. Once one of Berlin's most important railway stations, it was severely damaged in World War II, and finally closed for traffic in 1952, when the GDR-owned Deutsche Reichsbahn rerouted all railway traffic between Berlin and places in the GDR avoiding the West Berlin area. The station's name lives on in the Berlin S-Bahn station of the same name, opened in October 1939 as part of the North-South S-Bahn link.

Berlin Ostbahnhof
Berlin Ostbahnhof (German for Berlin East railway station) is a main line railway station in Berlin, Germany. It is located in the Friedrichshain quarter, now part of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg borough, and has undergone several name changes in its history. It was known as Berlin Hauptbahnhof from 1987 to 1998, a name now applied to Berlin's new central station at the former Lehrter station. Alongside Berlin Zoologischer Garten station it was one of the city's two main stations; however, it has declined in significance since the opening of the new Hauptbahnhof on 26 May 2006, and many mainline trains have been re-routed on the North–South mainline through the new Tiergarten tunnel, bypassing Ostbahnhof. This station is open 24/7.