hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fairchild F-27
The Fairchild F-27 and Fairchild Hiller FH-227 are versions of the Fokker F27 Friendship twin-engined, turboprop, passenger aircraft formerly manufactured under license by Fairchild Hiller in the United States. The Fairchild F-27 was similar to the standard Fokker F27, while the FH-227 was an independently developed, stretched version.

Turboprop
A turboprop is a gas-turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller.

A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction gearbox, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propelling nozzle. Air enters the intake and is compressed by the compressor. Jet fuel is then added to the compressed air in the combustor, where the fuel-air mixture then combusts. The hot combustion gases expand through the turbine stages, generating power at the point of exhaust. Some of the power generated by the turbine is used to drive the compressor and electric generator. The gases are then exhausted from the turbine. In contrast to a turbojet or turbofan, the engine's exhaust gases do not provide enough power to create a major portion of the total thrust, since almost all of the engine's power is used to drive the propeller.
Jeanté Strydom
Jeanté Strydom (born 30 September 1996) is a South Africa netball international. She represented South Africa at the 2023 Netball World Cup.
In South Africa, she played for NWU-Pukke and UP Tuks in Varsity Netball and for several teams, most notably Gauteng Jaguars, in the Premier Netball League. Ahead of the 2024 ANZ Premiership season, Strydom signed for Southern Steel.

South Africa national netball team
The South Africa national netball team, also known as the SPAR Proteas, represent Netball South Africa in international netball tournaments, such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Netball Quad Series and the Fast5 Netball World Series. Their best result in a major tournament is a silver medal at the 1995 World Netball Championships. As of 1 March 2024, South Africa are currently fifth in the World Netball Rankings.
Lockheed XF-90
The Lockheed XF-90 was built in response to a United States Air Force requirement for a long-range penetration fighter and bomber escort. The same requirement produced the McDonnell XF-88 Voodoo. Lockheed received a contract for two prototype XP-90s (redesignated XF-90 in 1948). The design was developed by Willis Hawkins and the Skunk Works team under Kelly Johnson. Two prototypes were built (s/n 46-687 and -688). Developmental and political difficulties delayed the first flight until 3 June 1949, with Chief Test Pilot Tony LeVier at the controls. Embodying the experience gained in developing the P-80 Shooting Star, the XF-90 shared some design traits with the older Lockheed fighter, albeit with swept-wings; however, this latter design choice could not sufficiently make up for the project's underpowered engines, and the XF-90 never entered production.

Swept wing
A swept wing is a wing angled either backward or occasionally forward from its root rather than perpendicular to the fuselage.

Swept wings have been flown since the pioneer days of aviation. Wing sweep at high speeds was first investigated in Germany as early as 1935 by Albert Betz and Adolph Busemann, finding application just before the end of the Second World War. It has the effect of delaying the shock waves and accompanying aerodynamic drag rise caused by fluid compressibility near the speed of sound, improving performance. Swept wings are therefore almost always used on jet aircraft designed to fly at these speeds.

The term "swept wing" is normally used to mean "swept back", but variants include forward sweep, variable sweep wings and oblique wings in which one side sweeps forward and the other back. The delta wing is also aerodynamically a form of swept wing.
Orbital railways in London
Orbital railways in London have existed since 1884, with the completion of the Circle Line jointly operated by the Metropolitan Railway and District Railway. Several other circular railways existed but were short-lived, including the Middle Circle and Super Outer Circle. The most recent orbital railway was completed in 2012, served by the London Overground's Windrush and Mildmay lines, combining the North, East, South and West London lines at Clapham Junction and Highbury & Islington to form a somewhat circular route.

Outer Circle (London)
The Outer Circle was a London & North Western Railway service in London that operated from 1872 to 1908. The route was from the District Railway station at Mansion House to Earl's Court, then via the West London Railway to Willesden Junction and then via the North London Railway to Broad Street. Although not a complete circuit, it was one of several 'circle' routes around London that opened at the same time, such as the 'inner circle' that is today's Circle line. Trains would run once every 30 minutes. In 1908 the service was cut back to run from Earl's Court to Broad Street.

The Midland Railway operated a kind of Super Outer Circle from St Pancras to Earl's Court for two years from 1878 to 1880, via the Dudding Hill freight line.
1862 in poetry
Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord:

He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;

He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:

His truth is marching on.

—first stanza of Julia Ward Howe's Battle Hymn of the Republic conceived as both poem and lyrics to a popular tune and first published in February in The Atlantic Monthly

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Battle Hymn of the Republic
The "Battle Hymn of the Republic" is an American patriotic song written by the abolitionist writer Julia Ward Howe during the American Civil War.

Howe adapted her song from the soldiers' song "John Brown's Body" in November 1861, and sold it for $4 to The Atlantic Monthly in February 1862. In contrast to the lyrics of the soldiers' song, her version links the Union cause with God's vengeance at the Day of Judgment (through allusions to biblical passages such as Isaiah 63:1–6, Revelation 19 and Revelation 14:14–19).

Julia Ward Howe was married to Samuel Gridley Howe, a scholar in education of the blind. Both Samuel and Julia were also active leaders in anti-slavery politics and strong supporters of the Union. Samuel was a member of the Secret Six, the group who funded John Brown's work.
Z Music Television
Z Music Television was a Christian-oriented cable television channel with a music video format similar to that of Viacom's MTV, and, in its earliest days, direct marketing appeals similar to The Home Shopping Network. Their programming, largely music videos with some documentaries, interstitial "Z Buzz" news updates, and media related shows, was characterized as being aimed at "12-to 54-year olds." Unlike style oriented channels such as Country Music Television, they were not limited to a particular musical genre; they played the full spectrum of Contemporary Christian music from reggae to country music. Z Music Television closed in 2000.

CMT (American TV channel)
Country Music Television, often abbreviated to CMT, is an American pay TV network that launched on March 5, 1983. It is currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation through the MTV Entertainment Group unit of its networks division. CMT was the first nationally available channel devoted to country music and country music videos, with its programming also including concerts, specials, and biographies of country music stars.

Over time, the network's programming expanded to incorporate original lifestyle and reality programming, and acquired sitcoms. As of December 2023, CMT is available to approximately 56 million pay television households in the United States; down from its 2011 peak of 93 million households. The channel's headquarters are located at the Paramount Pictures lot in Los Angeles, and has additional offices in Nashville, Tennessee.
Aubais
Aubais (French pronunciation: [obɛ]) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France.

The little town is in an about 20 km distance from Nîmes and Aigues-Mortes. The recreation area of La Grande-Motte is reachable also in a distance of about 20 km.

Nîmes
Nîmes is the prefecture of the Gard department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Cévennes mountain range, the estimated population of the commune of Nîmes stood at 148,561 in 2019.

Dubbed the most Roman city outside Italy, Nîmes has a rich history dating back to the Roman Empire when the city's population was estimated at approximately 50,000–60,000. Since several famous monuments and ancient Roman buildings are located in Nîmes, including the Arena of Nîmes and the Maison carrée, the city is often referred to as the "French Rome."
Antonia of Baux
Antonia of Baux (Italian: Antonia del Balzo; c. 1353 – 23 January 1375), was an Italian noblewoman member of the French House of Baux (italianized as del Balzo) and by marriage Queen consort of Sicily, Duchess consort of Athens and Neopatras.

Duchy of Athens
The Duchy of Athens (Greek: Δουκᾶτον Ἀθηνῶν, Doukaton Athinon; Catalan: Ducat d'Atenes) was one of the Crusader states set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade as part of the process known as Frankokratia, encompassing the regions of Attica and Boeotia, and surviving until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century.
Chicken sickles
Chicken sickles (traditional Chinese: 雞鐮; simplified Chinese: 鸡镰) are a number of Chinese bladed weapons similar to the hook sword and the Okinawan kama. They can be used as a single or double weapon. It is considered the special weapon of the xinyi liuhe style.

Kama (tool)
The kama (鎌 or かま) is a traditional Japanese farming implement similar to a sickle or billhook used for reaping crops and also employed as a weapon. It is often included in weapon training segments of martial arts. Sometimes referred to as  kai or "double kai,"  kama made with intentionally dull blades for kata demonstration purposes are referred to as kata kai .
Fairfield Public School
Fairfield Public School is a government-funded, co-educational, primary day school, located in Fairfield, a western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Established in 1889 and opened by Sir Henry Parkes, the school caters for approximately 435 students from kindergarten to Year 6. The school is operated by the New South Wales Department of Education and it is opposite of Fairfield High School.

With 97% of the school's students being of a non-English speaking background, Fairfield Primary School is one of the most multicultural schools in Sydney. The motto, "Learning Together", represents the school's united partnerships and values. The school features a house system and has an official song titled 'Lift Up Your Voice'.

Education in Australia
Education in Australia encompasses the sectors of early childhood education (preschool and pre-primary) and primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (high schools and senior high schools), and finally tertiary education, which includes higher education (universities and other higher education providers) and vocational education (registered training organisations). Regulation and funding of education is primarily the responsibility of the States and territories; however, the Australian Government also contributes to funding.

Education in Australia is compulsory between the ages of four, five, or six and fifteen, sixteen or seventeen, depending on the state or territory and the date of birth.
Dadar–Tirunelveli Chalukya Express
The 11021 / 11022 Dadar–Tirunelveli Chalukya Express is an express train of the Indian Railways connecting Tirunelveli Junction in Tamil Nadu and Dadar of Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is currently being operated as 11021/11022 train numbers on tri-weekly basis.

Tirunelveli Junction railway station
Tirunelveli Junction railway station (also known as Nellai Junction railway station)(station code: TEN) is an NSG–2 category Indian railway station in Madurai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It serves the city of Tirunelveli, located in Tirunelveli district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

The Nellai Express – a super-fast train connecting Tirunelveli and Chennai Egmore – runs packed almost throughout the year. The station is one of the oldest on the Indian railway network, built in 1893.

It acts as a major railway junction and every train passing through this station has a mandatory halt here in any of the available 5 platforms. Passenger trains towards Sengottai railway station, Tiruchendur railway station, Tuticorin Railway Station, Nagercoil Junction railway station, Erode Junction railway station, Tiruchirappalli Junction railway station departs from here.
Bêka & Lemoine
Bêka & Lemoine (Ila Bêka and Louise Lemoine) are artists, filmmakers and researchers working at the crossroads of visual arts, non-fiction cinema and architecture. Working together since 2005 they have been experimenting with new narrative and cinematic forms to explore how people experience, perceive, and relate to space from an emotional, social, and cultural standpoint. The duo has been described by the Barbican Center as one of the most important architectural artists working today. In 2016, MoMA, Museum of Modern Art in New York, acquired their entire body of work—16 films at the time—which now forms part of its permanent collection. The acquisition of an artist's complete body of work by the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an exceptionally rare honor for a living artist.

Barbican Centre
The Barbican Centre is a performing arts centre in the Barbican Estate of the City of London, England, and the largest of its kind in Europe. The centre hosts classical and contemporary music concerts, theatre performances, film screenings and art exhibitions. It also houses a library, three restaurants, and a conservatory. The Barbican Centre is a member of the Global Cultural Districts Network.

The London Symphony Orchestra and the BBC Symphony Orchestra are based in the centre's Concert Hall. In 2013, it once again became the London-based venue of the Royal Shakespeare Company following the company's departure in 2001.

It was built as the City of London's gift to the nation at a cost of £161 million (equivalent to £718 million in 2023), and was officially opened to the public by Queen Elizabeth II on 3 March 1982. Together with the Southbank Centre, a similar arts centre, the Barbican Centre is also known for its brutalist architecture.
Prince Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Prince Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (7 October 1841 – 6 August 1866) was a German prince and soldier. He was a member of the Princely House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.  During the Austro-Prussian War, while serving with the First Foot Guards, Prince Anton was mortally wounded at Königgrätz and died 33 days later of his wounds.

Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (German: Friedrich Eugen Johann, Prinz von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen) (25 June 1843, in Schloss Inzigkofen, Inzigkofen, Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen – 2 December 1904, in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria) was a member of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and a Prussian General of the Cavalry. He fought with distinction in the Franco-Prussian War. Frederick was the fifth child and youngest son of Charles Anthony, Prince of Hohenzollern and his wife Princess Josephine of Baden.
Sullay Kaikai
Sulaiman Borbor "Sullay" Kaikai (born 26 August 1995) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for EFL League Two  club Cambridge United. Born in England, he plays for the Sierra Leone national team.

A youth product of Crystal Palace, he made his senior debut on loan at Crawley Town in 2014, and later that year scored on his Palace debut. He was loaned to Cambridge United, Shrewsbury Town, Brentford and Charlton Athletic. After eleven total appearances for Palace, he was signed by NAC Breda in January 2019 and moved to Blackpool that July.

Sierra Leone national football team
The Sierra Leone national football team represents Sierra Leone in association football and is governed by the Sierra Leone Football Association. It has qualified for Africa Cup of Nations three times.
Istora Mandiri MRT station
Istora MRT Station (or Istora Mandiri MRT Station, with Bank Mandiri granted for naming rights) is a rapid transit station on the North-South Line of the Jakarta MRT in Jakarta, Indonesia. Located on Jl. Jendral Sudirman, it is located between the Bendungan Hilir and Senayan Mastercard stations, and has the station code IST.

The station is located near the Sudirman Central Business District (SCBD), which houses the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Pacific Place mall, and Ritz-Carlton hotel, among others. The word Istora in its name comes from Istora Gelora Bung Karno, located within Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex nearby the station.

Pacific Place Jakarta
The Pacific Place Jakarta is a multipurpose building located in the Sudirman Central Business District,  South Jakarta, Indonesia. The building is divided into three different sections: the six-floor Pacific Place Mall, the One Pacific Place Office Center, The Ritz-Carlton Pacific Place hotel, ballroom, and service apartment, and Pacific Place Residence. The mall opened in November 2007,  and in January 2017 was recognized by Forbes as one of the top shopping malls in Jakarta.
Carlo Floriani
Carlo Floriani was an inorganic chemist who gained renown for contributions to organometallic and coordination chemistry. He was born in Casalmaggiore, Cremona (Italy) in 1940 and died in 2005.  He held positions at the University of Pisa, Columbia University, and Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne.  He had been a protoge of Fausto Calderazzo.

His contributions included small molecule activation including carbon dioxide complexes and dinitrogen complexes.  He prepared several transition metal mesityl complexes such as tetramesityldiiron and gold mesityl.

He was recognized with the Centenary Prize, Royal Society of Chemistry.

Metal carbon dioxide complex
Metal carbon dioxide complexes are coordination complexes that contain carbon dioxide ligands. Aside from the fundamental interest in the coordination chemistry of simple molecules, studies in this field are motivated by the possibility that transition metals might catalyze useful transformations of CO2. This research is relevant both to organic synthesis and to the production of "solar fuels" that would avoid the use of petroleum-based fuels.
Spinning (cycling)
Spinning is a brand of indoor bicycles and indoor cycling instruction classes distributed and licensed by the American health and fitness company Mad Dogg Athletics. Launched in 1993, the brand has become a popular term for indoor bicycles and indoor cycling fitness classes in the United States and worldwide.

There are ongoing disputes to whether Spinning has become a generic term for indoor cycling equipment and Mad Dogg's trademark should be removed.

Indoor cycling
Indoor cycling, often called spinning, is a form of exercise with classes focusing on endurance, strength, intervals, high intensity (race days) and recovery, and involves using a special stationary exercise bicycle with a weighted flywheel in a classroom setting. When people took cycling indoors in the late 19th century, whether for reasons of weather or convenience, technology created faster, more compact and efficient machines over time.
The first iterations of the stationary bike ranged from the vertical Gymnasticon to regular bicycles on rollers.
Peter Houston
Peter Houston (born 19 July 1958) is a Scottish football player and manager who is assistant manager of the Scotland under-21 side.

Houston played as a striker for Airdrieonians, Livingston United, Albion Rovers, Falkirk, Dumbarton and East Stirlingshire.

After retiring as a player, Houston initially worked for Jim Jefferies at Falkirk and Hearts. He then assisted Craig Levein at Hearts, Leicester City and Dundee United. After Levein was appointed Scotland manager in December 2009, Houston was appointed Dundee United manager and assisted Levein with the national team. He guided United to their 2009–10 Scottish Cup victory, but left the club by mutual consent in January 2013. After working for Celtic as a scout, Houston was appointed manager of Falkirk in June 2014. He guided Falkirk to the promotion playoffs twice and the 2015 Scottish Cup Final, but was unable to win promotion.

2009–10 Scottish Cup
The 2009–10 Scottish Cup was the 125th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The competition was sponsored by the Scottish Government and for sponsorship reasons was known as the Active Nation Scottish Cup.
Rugby league in France
Rugby league has been played in France since 1934. As with rugby union, rugby league was introduced by the English and the heartland of the game is in the south of France.

During the Second World War, in association with the French Rugby Federation (FFR), the sport was banned by the Vichy government, an act from which the code has struggled to recover. There has been a recent resurgence of the sport following the admission of Catalans Dragons and Toulouse Olympique to the professional RFL system, with Catalans a mainstay in the Super League who most recently made the Grand Final in 2023.

In 2012, there were approximately 30,000 active participants.

Catalans Dragons
The Catalans Dragons (French: Dragons Catalans, Catalan: Dracs Catalans) are a professional rugby league club from Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales department, France. Despite being based in France, the club competes in Super League, the top tier of the British rugby league.

Formed after the merger of XIII Catalan and AS Saint-Estève, they have won one French Championship and two Lord Derby Cups. In Britain they have never won the League Championship but have won the Challenge Cup once.

Catalans play home games at Stade Gilbert Brutus. Their traditional home colours are white red and gold.
Aleksandra Stypułkowska
Aleksandra Stypułkowska (7 October 1906 in Warsaw – 20 March 1982 in London) was a Polish lawyer, member of the Polish resistance, concentration camp inmate, activist and political journalist with Radio Free Europe, where she broadcast under the pseudonym, Jadwiga Mieczkowska.

Polish resistance movement in World War II
In Poland, the resistance movement during World War II was led by the Home Army. The Polish resistance is notable among others for disrupting German supply lines to the Eastern Front (damaging or destroying 1/8 of all rail transports), and providing intelligence reports to the British intelligence agencies (providing 43% of all reports from occupied Europe). It was a part of the Polish Underground State.
Order-4 square tiling honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-4 square tiling honeycomb is one of 11 paracompact regular honeycombs. It is paracompact because it has infinite cells and vertex figures, with all vertices as ideal points at infinity. Given by Schläfli symbol {4,4,4}, it has four square tilings around each edge, and infinite square tilings around each vertex in a square tiling vertex figure.

A geometric honeycomb is a space-filling of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions.

Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space, like the convex uniform honeycombs. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic uniform honeycombs.  Any finite uniform polytope can be projected to its circumsphere to form a uniform honeycomb in spherical space.

Uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic space
In hyperbolic geometry, a uniform honeycomb in hyperbolic space is a uniform tessellation of uniform polyhedral cells. In 3-dimensional hyperbolic space there are nine Coxeter group families of compact convex uniform honeycombs, generated as Wythoff constructions, and represented by permutations of rings of the Coxeter diagrams for each family.