hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johann Gottlieb Fleischer
Johann Gottlieb Fleischer (15 October 1797 – 22 April 1838) was a Baltic German botanist and naturalist.

Fleischer was the son of a coppersmith and was born in Mitau. He studied at the local grammar school before studying medicine at the University of Dorpat from 1817 to 1822. He received a doctorate with a thesis on Aneurysmatis varicosi complicati historia. He then worked as a physician in Mitau. He wrote on the flora and fauna of the region collaborating with Emanuel Lindemann (1795–1845) and Alexander Bunge on plants. Hie died from tuberculosis.

A member of the Moscow Imperial Society of Naturalists and the Courland Society for Literature and Art he attended a meeting of German naturalists at Hamburg in 1830.

Alexander von Bunge
Alexander Georg von Bunge (Russian: Алекса́ндр Андре́евич Бу́нге; 6 October [O.S. 24 September] 1803 – 18 July [O.S. 6 July] 1890) was a Russian botanist. He is best remembered for scientific expeditions into Asia and especially Siberia.
Pisg (software)
Free software portal

pisg, short for Perl IRC Statistics Generator is a popular open-source Internet Relay Chat (IRC) log file analysis and statistical visualization program. It is written in perl by Morten Brix Pedersen.  It analyzes various formats of log files from IRC clients and bots and generates HTML pages containing statistics about the channel the logs were taken from.  It is often considered a competitor to mIRCStats, a similar shareware program.

pisg supports many log formats, including: mIRC, Trillian, Eggdrop, irssi, and more, and can be customized to work with other log file formats. Because it is open-source, pisg has an active community for further developing log interpreters. pisg runs on basically any platform with perl, including Linux, BSD, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X.

IRC
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a text-based chat system for instant messaging. IRC is designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-on-one communication via private messages as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.

Internet Relay Chat is implemented as an application layer protocol to facilitate communication in the form of text. The chat process works on a client–server networking model. Users connect, using a client—which may be a web app, a standalone desktop program, or embedded into part of a larger program—to an IRC server, which may be part of a larger IRC network. Examples of ways used to connect include the programs Mibbit, KiwiIRC, and mIRC.

IRC usage has been declining steadily since 2003, losing 60 percent of its users by 2012. In April 2011, the top 100 IRC networks served more than 200,000 users at a time.
Progressive National Baptist Convention
The Progressive National Baptist Convention (PNBC), incorporated as the Progressive National Baptist Convention, Inc., is a progressive Baptist Christian denomination emphasizing civil rights and social justice. The headquarters of the Progressive National Baptist Convention are in Washington, D.C. Part of the Black church tradition, since its organization, the denomination has member churches outside the United States, particularly in the Caribbean and Europe. It is a member of the National Council of Churches and the Baptist World Alliance.

Progressive Baptists
Progressive Baptists are a Baptist Progressive Christian movement particularly committed to social justice in the Church and in society. These commitments include defending freedom of religion, 
rights of indigenous peoples, the African American Rights, women's rights and LGBTQ rights.
Letícia Medeiros
Letícia Medeiros (born 19 December 1994) is a Brazilian rugby union player. She competed for Brazil's rugby league team at the delayed 2021 Women's Rugby League World Cup. She also represented Brazil in the 2025 Women's Rugby World Cup.

Brazil women's national rugby union team
The Brazil women's national rugby union team are the national side of Brazil, representing them at rugby union. After several successful performances at Sevens rugby, they played their first 15-a-side fixture in May 2008 against Netherlands and lost 10–0.
PS Eliza Anderson
The PS Eliza Anderson operated from 1858 to 1898 mainly on Puget Sound, the Strait of Georgia, and the Fraser River but also for short periods in Alaska. She was generally known as the Old Anderson and was considered slow and underpowered even for the time. Even so, it was said of her that "no steamboat ever went slower and made money faster." She played a role in the Underground Railroad and had a desperate last voyage to Alaska as part of the Klondike Gold Rush.

Fraser River
The Fraser River (/ˈfreɪzər/) is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for 1,375 kilometres (854 mi), into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual discharge at its mouth is 112 cubic kilometres (27 mi3) or 3,550 cubic metres per second (125,000 cu ft/s), and each year, it discharges about 20 million tons of sediment into the ocean.
Martha Mbhele
Nobulawo Martha Mbhele (born 3 September 1973) is a South African judge who is currently serving as Deputy Judge President of the Free State High Court. She was appointed to the court as a puisne judge in January 2016 and was elevated to the deputy judge presidency in July 2021. Before she joined the bench, she was an attorney in the Free State, both in private practice and for a decade at Legal Aid South Africa.

Free State Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Free State Division of the High Court of South Africa (previously named the Orange Free State Provincial Division and the Free State High Court, and commonly known as the Bloemfontein High Court) is a superior court of law with general jurisdiction over the Free State province of South Africa. The division sits at Bloemfontein.
Postage stamps and postal history of Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis is an island country in the Leeward Islands, consisting of the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis. In 1883, St. Kitts, Nevis and Anguilla were united into one  colony. Anguilla formally separated from the union in 1980.

Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla
Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (or Saint Christopher, Nevis, and Anguilla) was a British colony in the West Indies from 1882 to 1983, consisting of the islands of Anguilla (until 1980), Nevis, and Saint Christopher (or Saint Kitts). From 1882 to 1951, and again from 1980, the colony was known simply as Saint Christopher and Nevis. Saint Christopher and Nevis gained independence in 1983 as the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis, while Anguilla remains a British overseas territory.
Group I catalytic intron
Group I introns are large self-splicing ribozymes. They catalyze their own excision from mRNA, tRNA and rRNA precursors in a wide range of organisms. The core secondary structure consists of nine paired regions (P1-P9). These fold to essentially two domains – the P4-P6 domain (the "scaffolding" domain, which is formed from the stacking of P5, P4, P6 and P6a helices) and the P3-P9 domain (the "catalytic" domain, which is formed from the P8, P3, P7 and P9 helices). The secondary structure mark-up for this family represents only this conserved core. Certain subclasses of Group I introns also contain peripheral structural domains that provide additional structural support to the intron. Group I introns often have long open reading frames inserted in loop regions.

Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Preston Pipe Bridge
54°32′02″N 1°19′23″W﻿ / ﻿54.534°N 1.323°W﻿ / 54.534; -1.323

The Preston Pipe Bridge carries three water pipes across the River Tees between Ingleby Barwick and Preston-on-Tees in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees, northern England.
The bridge is situated over 3.1 miles (5 km) upriver from Stockton town centre, and some 660 feet (200 m) upriver from Jubilee Bridge.

River Tees
The River Tees (/tiːz/), in England, rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines and flows eastwards for 85 miles (137 km) to reach the North Sea in the North East of England. The modern-day history of the river has been tied with the industries on Teesside in its lower reaches, where it has provided the means of import and export of goods to and from the North East England. The need for water further downstream also meant that reservoirs were built in the extreme upper reaches, such as Cow Green.
Ganga Ram
Rai Bahadur Sir Ganga Ram CIE MVO (born Ganga Ram Agarwal; 13 April 1851 – 10 July 1927) was an Indian civil engineer and architect. In view of his extensive contributions to the urban fabric of Lahore, then in British India and now in modern Pakistan, journalist Khaled Ahmed described him as "The Father of Modern Lahore".

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Martín Quispe
Martín Quispe Julián (born 10 June 1959) is a Bolivian educator, politician, and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 21 from 2010 to 2015.

Born in the Calamarca Municipality, Quispe spent his early career as a schoolteacher before pivoting to broadcast radio. Around 1996, he returned to his home Aroma Province, where he held positions of leadership within both his indigenous community in the area's trade unions.

A member of the Movement for Socialism, Quispe served within the party's provincial and departmental affiliates until 2009, when he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. Quispe's ninety percent victory was the highest margin achieved by any candidate running in single-member constituencies that cycle. He was not nominated for reelection.

Calamarca Municipality
Calamarca (in Hispanicized spelling) or Qala Marka (Aymara qala stone, marka village, town, place, land, "place of stone") is the fourth municipal section of Aroma Province in the La Paz Department of Bolivia. It is located on the Altiplano and its seat is the town of Calamarca.

The municipality was created by law on 21 December 1948. At present it is divided into seven cantons (cantones): Calamarca, Vilaque Copata, Sivicani, Ajoya, Villa Carmen de Caluyo, San Antonio de Senkata and Cosmini.
German submarine U-229
German submarine U-229 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 3 November 1941 at the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft yard at Kiel as yard number 659, launched on 20 August 1942, and commissioned on 3 October under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Robert Schetelig.

After training with the 5th U-boat Flotilla at Kiel, U-229 was transferred to the 6th U-boat Flotilla, (which was based at Saint-Nazaire on the French Atlantic coast), on 1 March 1943, for front-line service. In three war patrols the U-boat sank two merchant ships, totalling 8,352 gross register tons (GRT) and damaged another of 3,670 GRT.

She was sunk by a British warship on 22 September 1943.

Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft
Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft (often just called Germaniawerft, "Germania shipyard") was a German shipbuilding company, located in the harbour at Kiel, and one of the largest and most important builders of U-boats for the Kaiserliche Marine in World War I and the Kriegsmarine in World War II. The original company was founded in 1867 but went bankrupt and was bought out by Friedrich Krupp. Krupp was very interested in building warships and in the time before the First World War built a number of battleships for the Kaiserliche Marine, including SMS Posen, SMS Prinzregent Luitpold, SMS Kronprinz, and SMS Sachsen. A total of 84 U-boats were built in the shipyard during the war. After the war it returned to the normal production of yachts and transports.
Paul Townend
Paul Townend (born 15 September 1990) is an Irish jockey who competes in National Hunt racing. From Lisgoold in County Cork, he has been attached to the yard of Irish trainer Willie Mullins since he was fifteen, beginning his career as an apprentice flat racing jockey. Following the retirement of Ruby Walsh in 2019, Townend became the number one jockey to the Mullins yard.

In 2019 he gave Willie Mullins his first Cheltenham Gold Cup winner with Al Boum Photo and he repeated this success in 2020. He recorded his third and fourth win in the race on Galopin Des Champs in 2023 and 2024. He won the 2023 Irish Grand National and the 2024 Aintree Grand National on I Am Maximus for Mullins. He is a seven-time Irish jump racing Champion Jockey (2010/11, 2018/19, 2019/20, 2020/21, 2021/22, 2022/23 and 2024/25 seasons).

Willie Mullins
William Peter Mullins (born 15 September 1956) is an Irish racehorse trainer and former jockey. He is a nineteen-time Irish National Hunt Champion trainer. Mullins is the most successful trainer in the history of the Cheltenham Festival, having saddled 113 winners as of 2025. He was the trainer of the 2024 Grand National winner I Am Maximus and 2025 Grand National winner Nick Rockett.
Curran Phillips
Curran Michael Phillips (born July 8, 2000) is an American former artistic gymnast. He was a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and was the 2023 Pan American champion on the horizontal bar and 2023 Pan American Games champion on parallel bars. He competed in collegiate gymnastics for Stanford.

2023 Pan American Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2023 Pan American Gymnastics Championships was an artistic gymnastics competition that took place in Medellín, Colombia from May 26–29.

The event served as qualification for the upcoming Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile and the upcoming World Championships in Antwerp, Belgium.
Tarec Saffiedine
Tarec Robert Saffiedine (born 6 September 1986) is a Belgian former professional mixed martial artist who competed in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional MMA competitor since 2007, Saffiedine has also formerly competed for DREAM and Strikeforce, and was the last Strikeforce Welterweight Champion.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
One Motorsport
One Motorsport (with Starline Racing) is a British auto racing team based in Brackley, Northamptonshire owned and run by Steve Dudman. The team is best known for competing in the British Touring Car Championship.

Motorbase Performance
Alliance Racing (formerly known as Motorbase Performance) is a British motor racing team, founded in 2004 by former Production Saloon racer David Bartrum. They are best known for competing in the British Touring Car Championship.
USNS Cody
USNS Cody (T-EPF-14) will be the fourteenth Spearhead-class expeditionary fast transport and will be operated by the United States Navy's Military Sealift Command. She will be the first ship in naval service named after Cody, Wyoming, and the first of the Flight II variant designed to have enhanced medical capabilities.

Cody was christened on 25 February 2023 by ship's sponsor Averil D. Spencer, launched at Austal USA in Mobile, Alabama on 20 March 2023, and its delivery was accepted by the U.S. Navy on 11 January 2024.

Spearhead-class expeditionary fast transport
The Spearhead-class expeditionary fast transport  (EPF) is a United States Navy–led shipbuilding program to provide a high-speed, shallow draft vessel intended for rapid intra-theater transport of medium-sized cargo payloads. The EPFs can reach speeds of 35–45 knots (65–83 km/h; 40–52 mph), and allow the rapid transit and deployment of conventional or special forces, equipment and supplies.

The vessels are a part of Military Sealift Command's Sealift Program. The class was previously designated as "Joint High Speed Vessel (JHSV)", and redesignated in September 2015.
Joaquín Godoy Ibáñez
Joaquín Godoy Ibáñez (born 25 January 1977) is a Chilean commercial engineer and politician. He served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies for 13th District (Valparaíso, Juan Fernández, and Easter Island) from 2006 to 2018 and was First Vice President of the Chamber (April 2013–March 2014).

Initially a member of the National Renewal (Renovación Nacional, RN) party, he later co-founded and led the Amplitude (Amplitud) movement before becoming an independent in 2017. Godoy is known for his participation in parliamentary commissions on economics, culture, and natural resources.

Born in Santiago to Carmen Ibáñez and Domingo Godoy Matte, both former deputies, Godoy completed his early education at Craighouse School. He earned a degree in commercial engineering from Finis Terrae University. Before entering national politics, he served as campaign manager for his mother and held leadership roles within RN youth organization. In 2004, he ran unsuccessfully for mayor of Valparaíso.

National Renewal Youth
The National Renewal Youth (Juventud de Renovación Nacional, abbreviated JRN) is the youth wing of the Chilean political party National Renewal (RN), founded in 1987, it has served as a platform for political participation, training, and leadership development for younger members of the party.

The coexistence of liberal and conservative tendencies has characterized JRN’s trajectory. While certain sectors emphasize alliances with traditional right-wing actors and conservative values, other groups within the youth organization promote more liberal views on issues such as human rights, memory, constitutional order, and the definition of family.
Santo Niño Shrine
The Diocesan Shrine and Parish of Señor Santo Niño, commonly known as the Santo Niño Parish-Shrine, is a parish, shrine and proto-cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kabankalan in the Philippines. It is located in the city proper of Kabankalan, Negros Occidental, in the Western Visayas region of the country.

Diocese of Kabankalan
The Diocese of Kabankalan (Lat: Dioecesis  Cabancalensis) is a Latin Catholic diocese of the Catholic Church in central Philippines. The diocese is centered in the City of Kabankalan in Negros Occidental province and covers the southern part of the province. The diocese was created in 1987, when the Diocese of Bacolod was split into three dioceses. The other new diocese created is the Diocese of San Carlos, which covers the northeastern part of Negros Island and includes former parishes of the Diocese of Dumaguete in Negros Oriental province. The Diocese of Kabankalan is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Jaro like the other two dioceses of Negros Occidental.

The titular patron of the diocese is Francis Xavier whose feast is celebrated every December 3. The seat of the bishop is the Saint Francis Xavier Cathedral in Kabankalan. The diocesan cathedral is one of the 12 churches founded by the Order of Augustinian Recollects that are now Catholic cathedrals in the Philippines.
Natalma
Natalma (March 26, 1957 – January 29, 1985) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse best known as the dam (mother) of the most important sire, and sire of sires, of the late 20th Century, Northern Dancer. She also established a highly influential female family, which has produced other leading sires Machiavellian and Danehill, plus numerous other stakes winners. Natalma was inducted into the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame in 2007.

Danehill (horse)
Danehill (26 March 1986 – 13 May 2003) was an American-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse who was the most successful sire of all time with 349 stakes winners and 89 Grade 1 winners. He was the leading sire in Australia nine times, the leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland three times and the leading sire in France twice.
HMS Chatham (1812)
HMS Chatham was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She had been planned as Royal-Hollandais for the French Navy, but was captured while under construction during the Walcheren Campaign.

Royal-Hollandais had been planned as one of the smaller variants of the Téméraire-class ships of the line, and was under construction at Flushing when the town fell in 1809 to a British expeditionary force. The frames were discovered on the slipway, and were packaged up and shipped back to London, where the Admiralty authorised her completion for the Royal Navy. She was duly launched in 1812, and spent a relatively short career in British waters, particularly the North Sea, including some time as a flagship. Poor quality timber used in her construction curtailed her career, and she was reduced to a hulk towards the end of the Napoleonic Wars, was laid up, and finally sold in 1817, five years after having been launched.

Hulk (ship type)
A hulk is a ship that is afloat, but incapable of going to sea. 'Hulk' may be used to describe a ship that has been launched but not completed, an abandoned wreck or shell, or a ship whose propulsion system is no longer maintained or has been removed altogether. The word hulk also may be used as a verb: a ship is "hulked" to convert it to a hulk. The verb was also applied to crews of Royal Navy ships in dock, who were sent to the receiving ship for accommodation, or "hulked". Hulks have a variety of uses such as housing, prisons, salvage pontoons, gambling sites, naval training, or cargo storage.

In the age of sail, many hulls served longer as hulks than they did as functional ships. Wooden ships were often hulked when the hull structure became too old and weak to withstand the stresses of sailing.

More recently, ships have been hulked when they become obsolete or when they become uneconomical to operate.
Santa Maria de Cardet
Santa Maria de Cardet is a  church situated in Cardet, in the territory of Vall de Boí, a commune in the valley with the same name and in Comarca of Alta Ribagorça in the north of Province of Lleida and the autonomous communities of Catalonia in Spain.

It is part of the world heritage site of UNESCO with eight other Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí.

La Vall de Boí
La Vall de Boí (Western Catalan: [la ˈbaʎ ðe βoˈi], formerly known as Barruera) is a municipality and narrow, steep-sided valley in Catalonia. It lies in the Alta Ribagorça county in the Alt Pirineu region, on the edges of the Pyrenees. It has a population of 1,116 (register office, 2024) .

The valley is best known for its nine Early Romanesque churches, making it the site of the densest concentration of Romanesque architecture in Europe. It was designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO on 30 November 2000. The valley also includes the highest ski resort in the Pyrenees, at Boí-Taüll, and borders the Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici National Park which lies to the northeast.