hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Criticism of the theory of relativity
Criticism of the theory of relativity of Albert Einstein was mainly expressed in the early years after its publication in the early twentieth century, on scientific, pseudoscientific, philosophical, or ideological bases. Though some of these criticisms had the support of reputable scientists, Einstein's theory of relativity is now accepted by the scientific community.

Reasons for criticism of the theory of relativity have included alternative theories, rejection of the abstract-mathematical method, and alleged errors of the theory. Antisemitic objections to Einstein's Jewish heritage also occasionally played a role in these objections. There are still some critics of relativity today, but their opinions are not shared by the majority in the scientific community.

Relativity of simultaneity
In physics, the relativity of simultaneity is the concept that distant simultaneity – whether two spatially separated events occur at the same time – is not absolute, but depends on the observer's reference frame. This possibility was raised by mathematician Henri Poincaré in 1900, and thereafter became a central idea in the special theory of relativity.
Squilla
Squilla is a genus of mantis shrimp found in marine habitats in tropical and sub-tropical climates all over the world, such as the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean sea. They are often caught unintentionally by fisheries in their climate, and they are not used for human food or fish meal, though valuable compounds such as chitin and chitosan can be extracted from their shells. The genus first appeared in the fossil record 145 million years ago.

Chitosan
Chitosan /ˈkaɪtəsæn/ is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). It is made by treating the chitin shells of shrimp and other crustaceans with an alkaline substance, such as sodium hydroxide.

Chitosan has a number of commercial and possible biomedical uses. It can be used in agriculture as a seed treatment and biopesticide, helping plants to fight off fungal infections. In winemaking, it can be used as a fining agent, also helping to prevent spoilage. In industry, it can be used in a self-healing polyurethane paint coating. In medicine, it is useful in bandages to reduce bleeding and as an antibacterial agent; it can also be used to help deliver drugs through the skin.
Chris Latvala
Christopher John Latvala (born December 29, 1981) is an American politician and former Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives. He currently serves as a Pinellas County Commissioner for District 5; previously, he represented the 67th District from 2014 to 2022. The district included Clearwater and Largo in northern Pinellas County.

Ed Hooper (politician)
Ed Hooper (born August 5, 1947) is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 21st District, which includes Clearwater and Largo in northern Pinellas County and western Pasco County, since 2018.
Siphosezwe Masango
Moses Siphosezwe Amos Masango is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2014 to 2019, during which time he chaired the Portfolio Committee on International Relations and Cooperation. Before that, he served in the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature and also sat on the Mpumalanga Executive Council.

Portfolio Committee on International Relations and Cooperation
The Portfolio Committee on International Relations and Cooperation is a portfolio committee in the National Assembly of South Africa that focuses on the Department of International Relations and Cooperation as well as the African Renaissance and International Cooperation Fund.

As of August 2021, Supra Mahumapelo of the African National Congress serves as Chair of the Committee.
British Democratic Party (2013)
The British Democratic Party (BDP), commonly known as the British Democrats, is a British far-right political party. It was registered with the Electoral Commission in 2011, and officially launched in 2013 at a Leicestershire village hall by a ten-member steering committee which included former members of several political parties including the British National Party (BNP), Democratic Nationalists, Freedom Party and UK Independence Party (UKIP).

The party's inaugural president was Andrew Brons, then a Member of the European Parliament (MEP). Brons had been a member of the BNP and a leading member of the far-right and fascist National Front (NF). Its current chairman is James Lewthwaite, a former member of the BNP. The steering committee included a number of others with a history of membership in fascist and neo-Nazi groups, who believed that the BNP had been corrupted and watered-down.

British Freedom Party
The British Freedom Party (BFP) was a short-lived far-right political party in the United Kingdom. The party was registered on 18 October 2010. It was de-registered by the Electoral Commission in December 2012 after failing to return the annual registration form and £25 fee by the due date of 31 October 2012.
Come with a Friend
"Come with a Friend" was the second single by the Irish art rock quartet, Director. It was released on 29 September 2006. Although not as popular as the band's debut single Reconnect, the single charted in Ireland at number twenty-six, and went on to spend three weeks in the Irish Singles Chart.

entertainment.ie noted the song for its "breezy effervessence".

Reconnect (song)
"Reconnect" was the debut single of Irish art rock quartet, Director. It was released on 24 April 2006, eventually dominating the Irish airwaves throughout the summer and receiving much radio play from Irish radio stations such as RTÉ 2fm and Today FM. The single charted in Ireland at number ten, spending a total of twelve weeks in the Irish Singles Chart.

National broadcaster, RTÉ, noted the song alongside third single "Leave It to Me" as one of the better tracks on the album, We Thrive on Big Cities.

In 2009, the Irish Independent referred to the song as "a debut single of exceptional potency", saying that its release had prompted excitement in "even those not normally given to hyperbole".

"Reconnect" was credited by some with helping Director win Best New Irish Act at the 2007 Meteor Awards.

The Irish Independent's John Meagher described the video for the Valerie Francis single "Punches" as "the best Irish promo since Director's Reconnect".
Pasadena Short Line
The Pasadena Short Line was a passenger railway line of the Pacific Electric Railway. It ran between Downtown Los Angeles and Downtown Pasadena, California, through Eastside Los Angeles along the foot of the eastern San Rafael Hills to the western San Gabriel Valley. It was in service under the company between 1902 until 1951, though it had operated under different companies back to its beginnings as a horsecar line. The route, designated by the company as line 2, was the key component of the company's Northern Subdivision.

San Rafael Hills
The San Rafael Hills are a mountain range in Los Angeles County, California. They are one of the lower Transverse Ranges, and are parallel to and below the San Gabriel Mountains, adjacent to the San Gabriel Valley overlooking the Los Angeles Basin.
Bat-Sheva Dagan
Bat-Sheva Dagan (Hebrew: בת-שבע דגן; 8 September 1925 – 25 January 2024) was a Polish-Israeli orator, psychologist, and writer. A Holocaust survivor born in Łódź, Poland, she was incarcerated in a ghetto in Radom with her parents and two sisters in 1940. After her parents and a sister were deported and murdered in Treblinka in August 1942, she escaped to Germany, but was discovered, imprisoned, and deported to Auschwitz in May 1943.

After spending 20 months in Auschwitz, she survived two death marches and was liberated by British troops in May 1945. She was the only survivor of her family. She and her husband settled in Israel, where she taught kindergarten and later obtained degrees in educational counseling and psychology. She went on to author books, poems, and songs for children and young adults on Holocaust themes and developed psychological and pedagogical methods for teaching the Holocaust to children. She is considered a pioneer in children's Holocaust education.

School counselor
A school counselor is a certified/licensed professional that provides academic, career, college readiness, and social-emotional support for all students. There are school counselor positions within each level of schooling (elementary, middle, high, and college). By developing and following a school counseling program, school counselors are able to provide students of all ages with the appropriate support and guidance needed for overall success.
Luxi fonts
Luxi is a family of typefaces originally designed for the X Window System by Kris Holmes and Charles Bigelow from Bigelow & Holmes Inc. The Luxi typefaces are similar to Lucida – their previous font design.

Luxi fonts were once commonly distributed with free software operating systems, such as Linux. They were featured as the default fonts for Red Hat's Bluecurve theme. Released under a licence which permits free distribution but not modification, the Luxi fonts are not free software.  This led to their removal from Debian package of XFree86 as well as Fedora.

Lucida
Lucida (pronunciation: /ˈluːsɪdə/) is an extended family of related typefaces designed by Charles Bigelow and Kris Holmes and released from 1984 onwards. The family is intended to be extremely legible when printed at small size or displayed on a low-resolution display – hence the name, from 'lucid' (clear or easy to understand).

There are many variants of Lucida, including serif (Fax, Bright), sans-serif (Sans, Sans Unicode, Grande, Sans Typewriter) and scripts (Blackletter, Calligraphy, Handwriting). Many are released with other software, most notably Microsoft Office.

Bigelow and Holmes, together with the (now defunct) TeX vendor Y&Y, extended the Lucida family with a full set of TeX mathematical symbols, making it one of the few typefaces that provide full-featured text and mathematical typesetting within TeX. Lucida is still licensed commercially through the TUG store as well through their own web store. The fonts are occasionally updated.
Koyunbaba Bridge
Koyunbaba Bridge (Turkish: Koyunbaba Köprüsü) is a stone arch bridge crossing the Kızılırmak River in Çorum Province, Turkey. It was built between 1484 and 1489 and is the longest stone arch bridge built in Anatolia during Ottoman rule.

Kızılırmak River
The Kızılırmak (Turkish pronunciation: [kɯzɯlɯrmak], Turkish for "Red River"), once known as the Halys River (Ancient Greek: Ἅλυς) and Alis River, is the longest river flowing entirely within Turkey. It is a source of hydroelectric power and is not used for navigation.
Dhakran
Dhakran is a village in Bhulath Tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Bhulath, 27 kilometres (17 mi) away from district headquarter Kapurthala.  The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per the constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).

Kapurthala
Kapurthala (Punjabi pronunciation: [kə.puːɾ.t̪ʰə.läː]) is a city in the Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kapurthala District. It was the capital of the Kapurthala State, a princely state in British India. It is an immediate neighbour of Jalandhar city proper, and a part of the Jalandhar Metropolitan Region. The aesthetic mix of the city, with its prominent buildings based on French and Indo-Saracenic architecture self-narrate its princely past. And for this reason, it has often been referred to as the “Paris of Punjab”. It is also known as the 'City of Palaces & Gardens'. According to the 2011 census, Kapurthala is the least populated city in India.
Texas State Highway 123
State Highway 123 (SH 123) is a north–south state highway in Texas, United States, that connects U.S Route 181 (US 181) in Karnes City with Interstate 35 (I-35) in San Marcos. The route was initially proposed in 1927 and has had minimal changes to its routing since then.

San Marcos, Texas
San Marcos (/ˌsæn ˈmɑːrkəs/) is a city and the county seat of Hays County, Texas, United States. The city is a part of the Greater Austin Metropolitan Area. San Marcos's limits extend into Caldwell and Guadalupe counties, as well. San Marcos is on the Interstate 35 corridor between Austin and San Antonio. Its population was 44,894 at the 2010 census and 67,553 at the 2020 census.
Founded on the banks of the San Marcos River, the area is thought to be among the oldest continuously inhabited sites in the Americas. San Marcos is home to Texas State University and the Meadows Center for Water and the Environment.

In 2010, San Marcos was listed in Business Week's fourth annual survey of the "Best Places to Raise your Kids". In 2013 and 2014, the United States Census Bureau named it the fastest-growing city in the United States. In December 2013, it was named number nine on Business Insider's list of the "10 Most Exciting Small Cities In America".
The Legend of Jesse James
The Legend of Jesse James is a 1980 country music concept album written by English songwriter Paul Kennerley, based on the story of American Old West outlaw Jesse James.

The album features Levon Helm singing the role of Jesse James, Johnny Cash as Frank James, Charlie Daniels as Cole Younger and Emmylou Harris as Jesse James' wife, Zerelda James. Other singers featured included Rosanne Cash, Rodney Crowell and Albert Lee.

The album was re-released in 1999 in a two-for-one package with Kennerley's 1978 concept album, White Mansions, about the Confederate States of America.

The album art was painted by noted comic book artist Howard Chaykin.

Frank James
Alexander Franklin James (January 10, 1843 – February 18, 1915) was a Confederate soldier and guerrilla; who became an outlaw in the post-Civil War period. The older brother of outlaw Jesse James, Frank was also part of the James–Younger Gang.
Krystyna Stypułkowska
Krystyna Stypułkowska-Smith (18 August 1938 – 20 October 2020) was a Polish philologist, translator and actress. She is best known for her performances as Magda / Pelagia in Andrzej Wajda's 1960 psychological romantic drama film Innocent Sorcerers and as Kati Klee in Frank Beyer's Trace of Stones (1966).

Frank Beyer
Frank Paul Beyer (German: [fʁaŋk ˈbaɪ.ɐ] ⓘ; 26 May 1932 – 1 October 2006) was a German film director. In East Germany he was one of the most important film directors, working for the state film monopoly DEFA and directed films that dealt mostly with the Nazi era and contemporary East Germany. His film Trace of Stones was banned for 20 years in 1966 by the ruling SED. His 1975 film Jacob the Liar was the only East German film ever nominated for an Academy Award. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 until his death he mostly directed television films.
People of Love
People of Love (Arabic: أهل الهوى, transliterated as Hawa al-Ahl) is an Egyptian film released on May 23, 1955. The film is directed and written by El-Sayed Ziada and stars Taheyya Kariokka, Shoukry Sarhan, Mahmoud el-Meliguy, Fouad Shafiq, and Mahmoud Shokoko. The movie was released on Eid al-Fitr.

Mahmoud Shokoko
Mahmoud Ibrahim Ismail Musa (Arabic: محمود إبراهيم إسماعيل موسى; May 1, 1912 – February 12, 1985), known professionally as Mahmoud Shokoko (Arabic: محمود شكوكو), was an Egyptian actor and artist. He is best known for his puppet character "Aragouzsho".
Yul Vazquez
Yul Vazquez (born 18 March 1965) is a Cuban and American actor and musician. He has appeared in Runaway Bride (1999), Bad Boys II (2003), War of the Worlds (2005), American Gangster (2007), The A-Team (2010), Captain Phillips (2013), The Infiltrator (2016), Midnight, Texas (2017–2018), Russian Doll (2019), Severance (2022–2025), and Hotel Cocaine (2024). Vazquez used to be the lead guitarist for melodic rock bands Urgent and Diving for Pearls.

Bad Boys II
Bad Boys II is a 2003 American action comedy film directed by Michael Bay, produced by Jerry Bruckheimer, and the sequel to the 1995 film Bad Boys, in addition to the second film in the Bad Boys film series. Martin Lawrence, Will Smith, Theresa Randle, and Joe Pantoliano reprise their roles from the previous film, and they are joined by new cast members including Jordi Mollà, Gabrielle Union, and Peter Stormare. The film follows detectives Marcus Burnett and Mike Lowrey investigating the flow of illegal drugs going into Miami.

The film was released on July 18, 2003, by Sony Pictures Releasing under the Columbia Pictures label. It received generally negative reviews from critics; however, it performed well commercially, grossing $273 million worldwide, becoming the tenth-highest-grossing film of 2003. Two sequels, Bad Boys for Life and Bad Boys: Ride or Die, were released in 2020 and 2024, respectively.
2020 Lanka Premier League final
The 2020 Lanka Premier League Final was a Twenty20 cricket match played on 16 December 2020 at the Mahinda Rajapaksa International Cricket Stadium, Hambantota, Sri Lanka between Galle Gladiators and Jaffna Stallions to ascertain the winner of 2020 Lanka Premier League. Jaffna Stallions won the match against Galle Gladiators by 53 runs to be the Champions of inaugural LPL.

Galle Marvels
Galle Marvels, formerly known as Galle Titans and Galle Gladiators, is a Sri Lankan franchise professional Twenty20 cricket team that competes in the Lanka Premier League, Sri Lanka and represents the city of Galle, Southern Province. Ahead of the fifth edition of LPL in 2024, Cricket Marvels LLC acquired the Galle franchise and the name of the team was changed to Galle Marvels owned by Cricket Marvels LLC.

Nadeem Omar, who owns the Quetta Gladiators in Pakistan Super League (PSL), purchased the franchise in 2020 and he held the franchise until 2023.
Gymnastics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's vault
The men's vault competition was one of eight events for male competitors in artistic gymnastics at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. The qualification and final rounds took place on July 29 and August 2 1992 at the Palau Sant Jordi. There were 93 competitors from 25 nations, with nations in the team event having 6 gymnasts while other nations could have up to 3 gymnasts. The event was won by Belarusian Vitaly Scherbo of the Unified Team, the first victory by a Soviet or former Soviet in the event since 1980. The silver went to Hrihoriy Misyutin, a Ukrainian also competing for the Unified Team. Yoo Ok-ryul gave South Korea its second consecutive bronze medal in the men's vault.

Vitaly Scherbo
Vitaly Venediktovich Scherbo (born 13 January 1972) is a Belarusian former artistic gymnast. One of the most successful gymnasts of all time, as of at least as recently as after the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, he is the only male gymnast in the 100+ year history of the World Championships to have won a world title in all 8 events (individual all-around in 1993, team in 1991, floor in 1994, 1995 and 1996, horizontal bar in 1994, parallel bars in 1993 and 1995, pommel horse in 1992, rings in 1992, vault in 1993 and 1994). He was the most successful athlete at the 1992 Summer Olympics, winning 6 of 8 events – team, all-around, and 4 of the 6 event finals.
Every Saturday Night
Every Saturday Night is a 1936 American comedy film directed by James Tinling and starring June Lang, Thomas Beck and Jed Prouty. This is the first of 17 low-budget films about the Jones Family (named Evers initially).

Thomas Beck (actor)
Thomas Beck (December 29, 1909 – September 23, 1995) was an American film and stage actor during the mid to late 1930s, who first attracted attention playing juvenile leads in several Charlie Chan and Mr. Moto films.
The Opening Act
The Opening Act is a 2020 American comedy film written and directed by Steve Byrne, in his directorial debut. It stars Jimmy O. Yang, Alex Moffat, Cedric the Entertainer, Neal Brennan, Bill Burr, Whitney Cummings, Jermaine Fowler, Ken Jeong, Russell Peters, and Debby Ryan.

It was released on October 16, 2020, by RLJE Films.

Jimmy O. Yang
Jimmy O. Yang (Chinese: 歐陽萬成, Cantonese Romanisation: Au Yeung Man Sing; born June 11, 1987) is a Hong Kong-American stand-up comedian and actor. As an actor, he is best known for starring as Jian-Yang in the HBO comedy series Silicon Valley, as Dr. Chan Kaifang in the Netflix comedy series Space Force, and as Josh Lin in the Netflix romantic comedy film Love Hard (2021).
City That Care Forgot
City That Care Forgot is the first full-length studio album by American musician Dr. John and his band the Lower 911. It was released on June 3, 2008, via 429 Records/Cooking Vinyl. The recording sessions took place at Dockside Studio in Maurice, with additional recording at The Music Shed in New Orleans, Pedernales Studio in Spicewood, and Legacy Recording Studios in New York City. The album was produced by Jeff Jones, Herman Ernest III, and Dr. John. It features guest appearances from Eric Clapton, Terence Blanchard, Ani DiFranco, James Andrews, Terrance Simien, Trombone Shorty, and Willie Nelson.

At the 51st Annual Grammy Awards held in 2009, the album was won a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album.

Terrance Simien
Terrance Simien (born September 3, 1965) is an American zydeco musician, vocalist and songwriter. He and his group The Zydeco Experience won the Grammy Award for Best Zydeco or Cajun Music Album in 2008 and for Best Regional Roots Music Album in 2014.
1997 NCAA Division III men's basketball tournament
The 1997 NCAA Division III men's basketball tournament was the 23rd annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national champions of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's Division III collegiate basketball in the United States.

The field contained sixty-four teams, and each program was allocated to one of four sectionals. All sectional games were played on campus sites, while the national semifinals, third-place final, and championship finals were contested at the Salem Civic Center in Salem, Virginia.

Illinois Wesleyan defeated Nebraska Wesleyan, 89–86, in the final, clinching their first national title.

The Titans (29–2) were coached by Dennie Bridges. Bryan Crabtree, also from Illinois Wesleyan, was named Most Outstanding Player.

Salem, Virginia
Salem is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,346. It is the county seat of Roanoke County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Salem with Roanoke County, which surrounds both Salem and the neighboring City of Roanoke, for statistical purposes. Salem has its own courthouse and sheriff's office, but shares a jail with Roanoke County, which is located in the Roanoke County Courthouse complex in Salem. The Roanoke County Sheriff's Office and Roanoke County Department of Social Services are also located within Salem, though the county administrative offices are located in unincorporated Cave Spring.

Roanoke College is located in the city. Salem is also the home to a Minor League Baseball team, the Salem RidgeYaks.
Bitches (song)
"Bitches" (stylised in lowercase letters) is a song by Swedish singer Tove Lo from her third studio album, Blue Lips (2017). The official remix featuring Charli XCX, Icona Pop, Elliphant and Alma was released on 7 June 2018 as a single.

Icona Pop
Icona Pop (English: /aɪˈkɒnə ˈpɒp/ eye-KON-ə POP) are a Swedish synth-pop duo that formed in 2009, with electro house and indie pop music influences. Its two members, Aino Jawo (born 7 July 1986) and Caroline Hjelt (born 8 November 1987), grew up in Stockholm and created what the Swedish press has described as music which "you can both laugh and cry to at the same time". They signed to TEN Music Group in 2009 and are currently also in a label deal with Ultra Music. Their biggest hit to date has been "I Love It".