hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yalçın Akdoğan
Yalçın Akdoğan (born 22 September 1969) is a Turkish politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey from 2014 to 2016. A member of the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), Akdoğan became a Member of Parliament representing Ankara's first electoral district at the 2011 general election and was re-elected in June 2015.

Prior to being elected Akdoğan was an academic and a journalist, having taught at the Bahçeşehir University and Anadolu University and written for Yeni Şafak and Star among others. He named Traditionalist authors René Guénon and Seyyed Hossein Nasr as his favourite writers.

Akdoğan was appointed as a Deputy Prime Minister in the Government of Ahmet Davutoğlu on 29 August 2014. He was responsible for the Solution process with Kurdish militants, designed to end the 40 years of conflict with Kurdish militants. He acted as the chief government negotiator during peace talks until they collapsed in 2015.

2013–2015 PKK–Turkey peace process
The Solution process (Turkish: Çözüm süreci), also known as Peace process (Turkish: Barış süreci; Kurdish: Proseya Aştiyê) or the PKK–Turkish peace process, was a peace process that aimed to resolve the conflict between Turkey and the PKK as part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–2025). The conflict, which began in 1984, which has now ended as of 2025 and has resulted in over 40,000 mortal casualties and great economic losses for Turkey and its Kurdish majority southeastern areas as well as high damage to the general population.

Though there was a unilateral cease-fire between 1999 and 2004, the sides failed to gain understanding, and the conflict became increasingly violent. The 2013 truce was working until the truce fully collapsed in 2015, following the Ceylanpınar incidents, in which the PKK killed two Turkish policemen, accusing Turkey to have collaborated with the Islamic State (IS) in the Suruç bombing.
Puerto Rico Highway 344
Puerto Rico Highway 344 (PR-344) is a rural road in Hormigueros, Puerto Rico, beginning from near the municipality's small downtown and ending at PR-348 near the border with San Germán in barrio Rosario. It has narrow lanes, and after about five kilometers becomes one of the most dangerous highways in Puerto Rico, as it goes near a precipice with little or no safety barriers. It serves as a route to Mayagüez via PR-348 which ends in Puerto Rico Alt Route 2 (Calle Ramón Emeterio Betances, or locally Calle Post).

Hormigueros, Puerto Rico
Hormigueros (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾmiˈɣeɾos], locally [oɭmiˈɣeɾoʔ]) is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico located in the western region of the island, northeast of Cabo Rojo; northwest of San Germán; and south of Mayagüez. Hormigueros is spread over 5 barrios and Hormigueros Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center). It is part of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Dalmatian dog
The Dalmatian is a breed of dog with a white coat marked with dark-coloured spots. Originally bred as a hunting dog, it was also used as a carriage dog by firefighters in the days of horse-drawn firehouse carriages. The origins of this breed can be traced to Croatia and the historical region of Dalmatia. It is thought that early ancestors of the breed were certain breeds of pointers and a spotted Great Dane. The modern breed has become a popular companion dog commonly entered by Dalmatian enthusiasts into kennel club competitions.

Companion dog
A companion dog is a dog which is not primarily a working dog but a pet. The primary function of a companion dog is not to perform a useful job but to provide companionship to humans. A companion dog can also be called an  emotional support animal and is used to help people with mental health disabilities cope with symptoms. Most dogs can be companions, including many working dog breeds such as retrievers, who are enjoyed primarily for their friendly nature as a pet. Most toy dog breeds are used only for the pleasure of their company, not as workers. The American Kennel Club also offers a Companion dog title for judged dog obedience competitions.
Koji Yamamuro
Koji Yamamuro (山室 光史, Yamamuro Kōji; born January 17, 1989 in Koga, Ibaraki) is a Japanese gymnast. He has won two Olympic medals in the men's artistic team all-around – silver in 2012 (London) and gold in 2016 (Rio de Janeiro).

Gymnastics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around
The final of the men's artistic gymnastics team all-around competition at the 2012 Olympic Games was held at the North Greenwich Arena on 30 July. Eight teams of five gymnasts competed, from a total of twelve teams that had qualified for the Games.

The eight teams with the best combined scores in the qualification round moved on to the final. In the final, each team selected three gymnasts to compete on each apparatus. All scores were summed to give a final team score.

China won the gold medal with a total score of 275.997. In second place with 271.952 points was Japan, and Great Britain took bronze with 271.711.
Joseph Fouché
Joseph Fouché, 1st Duc d'Otrante, 1st Comte Fouché (French: [ʒozɛf fuʃe]; 21 May 1759 – 26 December 1820) was a French statesman, revolutionary, and Minister of Police under First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte. Fouché later became a subordinate of Emperor Napoleon. He was particularly known for the ferocity with which he suppressed the Lyon insurrection during the Revolution in 1793 and for being a highly competent minister of police under the Directory, the Consulate, and the Empire. In 1815, he served as President of the Executive Commission, which was the provisional government of France installed after the abdication of Napoleon. In English texts, his title is often translated as Duke of Otranto.

Paul Barras
Paul François Jean Nicolas, Vicomte de Barras (French: [bara:s]; 30 June 1755 – 29 January 1829), commonly known as Paul Barras, was a French politician of the French Revolution, and the main executive leader of the Directory regime of 1795–1799.
Lorenzo Fontana
Lorenzo Fontana (born 10 April 1980) is an Italian politician and member of the League (Lega), who is serving as President of the Chamber of Deputies since 14 October 2022.

Fontana served as Minister of European Affairs in the Conte I Cabinet. He previously served as Minister of Family and Disability from 1 June 2018 to 10 July 2019, and as Vice-President of the Chamber of Deputies from 29 March to 1 June 2018. He is also the Deputy Federal Secretary of Lega under the leadership of Matteo Salvini.

Minister for Family
The minister for family, natality and equal opportunities (Italian: ministro per la famiglia, la natalità e le pari opportunità) in Italy is one of the positions in the Italian government.

The current minister for family is Eugenia Roccella, appointed on 22 October 2022 in the Meloni Cabinet.
Laura O'Sullivan
Laura O'Sullivan-Jones (born 23 August 1991) is a Welsh footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Gwalia United, formerly Cardiff City who officially renamed/rebranded with effect from 1 June 2024 and the Wales national team.

She began her career with Cardiff City, making her debut after converting to playing as a goalkeeper in 2015. In 2016, she made her international debut for Wales in the Cyprus Women's Cup.

Gwalia United F.C.
Gwalia United Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Gwalia Unedig) is a Welsh women's football club playing in the FAWNL Southern Premier Division. The club was renamed Gwalia United prior to the start of the 2024–25 season. Prior to this, the club was most recently called Cardiff City Ladies F.C. but has also played as Llanedeyrn L.F.C., Inter Cardiff F.C. and Cardiff County L.F.C.
Vipra Narayana
Vipra Narayana is a 1954 Telugu-language biographical film directed, produced and edited by P. S. Ramakrishna Rao under Bharani Studios banner. It stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Bhanumathi, and Relangi with music composed by S. Rajeswara Rao. The film is based on the life of Tamil Vaishnava saint Vipranarayana. He led his life in devotion to Lord Narayana and worked for the Lord by dedicating him with garlands. He is one of the twelve Alvars. The film is also dubbed in Tamil with the same title and released in 1955.

Bharani Pictures
Bharani Pictures is a film production company in Chennai, India. It was established by P. S. Ramakrishna Rao and Bhanumathi Ramakrishna in 1947. They later established Bharani Studios in 1950. It is named after their son Bharani. Dr. Bharani Paluvai, who is presently taking care of the studios and established Bharani Hospitals in the compound. Bharani Function Hall opened April 2016 by Dr. Meenakshi Paluvai, Dr. Bharani's daughter.

Their first film Chandirani (1953), which was made in Tamil, Telugu, and Hindi languages and simultaneous released all over India.
Babak Jalali
Babak Jalali (Persian: بابک جلالی) is an Iranian–British film director and producer, notably directing Radio Dreams, for which he won the Hivos Tiger Award at the 45th International Film Festival Rotterdam.

International Film Festival Rotterdam
International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR) is an annual film festival held at the end of January in various locations in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, focused on independent and experimental films. The inaugural festival took place in June 1972, led by founder Huub Bals. IFFR also hosts CineMart and BoostNL for film producers to seek funding.
Jordan EJ10
The Jordan EJ10, and an updated version, the EJ10B, was the car with which the Jordan team competed in the 2000 Formula One World Championship. The car was driven by German Heinz-Harald Frentzen, who was in his second season with the team, and Italian Jarno Trulli, who moved from Prost.

The car was designed by Mike Gascoyne, and powered by a Mugen-Honda V10 engine. It was designated the EJ10 to honour team boss Eddie Jordan and the team's tenth season in Formula One, breaking with the previous designation format of '1' followed by the last two digits of the year of competition.

Jordan Grand Prix
Jordan Grand Prix was a Formula One constructor that competed from 1991 to 2005. The team was named after Irish businessman and founder Eddie Jordan (1948–2025) and was based at Silverstone, England, but raced with an Irish licence.

In early 2005, the team was sold to Midland Group, who competed for one final season as 'Jordan', before renaming the team as Midland F1 Racing for the 2006 season. Later that same year, it was sold to Dutch car manufacturer, Spyker, to become Spyker F1 for the 2007 season, and then sold again to become Force India in 2008. In 2018, as a result of the financial collapse of the Force India team, and its subsequent buyout by a consortium led by Lawrence Stroll, the team's FIA entry was not transferred, and the Jordan Grand Prix's original entry came to an end. As of 2025, the team competes as the Aston Martin Aramco F1 Team.
UNZA Pacers
The University of Zambia Pacers, better known as UNZA Pacers, is a Zambian basketball team based in Lusaka. The team plays in the Midlands Basketball Association (MBA). It is the basketball section of the University of Zambia.

Representing Zambia, the Pacers played in the qualifying tournaments for the inaugural BAL season. The Pacers finished second in Group E to advance to the Elite 16.

2021 BAL qualification
The 2020 BAL Qualifying Tournaments were the inaugural qualifying tournaments of the Basketball Africa League (BAL), the newly launched premier basketball league of Africa jointly organized by the NBA and FIBA. While the NBA will co-organise from the regular season, the qualifiers are completely organised by FIBA Africa.

A total of 31 teams from 31 countries participate in the qualifying tournaments in order to determine which six teams will play in the 2020 BAL regular season, along with six directly placed six teams. The qualifying tournaments are divided into the First round and Second round, which run from 16 October until 21 December 2019.
Song 4 Lovers
"Song 4 Lovers" is a song by English pop group Liberty X, released as the lead single from their third studio album, X (2005). The song features uncredited vocals from Rev Run of Run-D.M.C. and was produced by Liberty X member Tony Lundon. The single was released on 26 September 2005 and peaked at No. 5 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the band's highest-charting single from the album.

Joseph Simmons
Joseph Ward Simmons (born November 14, 1964), better known by the stage name Run,  Rev. Run or DJ Run, is an American rapper, producer, DJ, and television personality. Simmons is one of the founding members of the influential hip hop group Run-DMC. He is also a practicing minister, known as Reverend Run.

He found new popularity in 2005 with his family's MTV reality show Run's House.
Grumman XSBF
The Grumman XSBF, also known by the company designation G-14, was an American biplane scout bomber developed by Grumman Aircraft for the United States Navy during the 1930s. Derived from Grumman's successful "Fifi" fighter, the aircraft was developed at a time when the biplane was giving way to the monoplane. In competition against other aircraft it proved to possess inferior performance in its intended role, and did not enter production. The sole prototype went on to serve as a liaison aircraft, as well as being used in experiments by NACA, before being destroyed in a crash in 1939.

Curtiss SBC Helldiver
The Curtiss SBC Helldiver was a two-seat scout bomber and dive bomber built by the Curtiss-Wright Corporation. It was the last combat military biplane procured by the United States Navy. Delivered in 1937, the aircraft became obsolete before the start of World War II.
Seán Treacy (politician)
Seán Daniel Treacy (22 September 1923 – 23 March 2018) was an Irish Labour Party politician who served as Ceann Comhairle of Dáil Éireann from 1973 to 1977 and 1987 to 1997. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Tipperary South constituency from 1961 to 1997. He also served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Munster constituency from 1981 to 1984.

Ceann Comhairle
The Ceann Comhairle (Irish: [ˌcaːn̪ˠ ˈkoːɾˠl̠ʲə] ⓘ; "Head of [the] Council"; plural usually Cinn Comhairle [ˌciːn̠ʲ ˈkoːɾˠl̠ʲə]) is the chairperson (or speaker) of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas (parliament) of Ireland. The person who holds the position is elected by members of the Dáil from among their number in the first session after each general election. The Ceann Comhairle since 18 December 2024 has been Verona Murphy, independent TD. The Leas-Cheann Comhairle since 19 February 2025 has been John McGuinness (Fianna Fáil).
CSS Maurepas
CSS Maurepas was a sidewheel steamer that briefly served as a gunboat in the Confederate States Navy during the American Civil War.  Built in 1858 in Indiana as Grosse Tete (English: "big head"), the vessel was used in commercial trade until 1860 and then delivered mail until 1861, when she was acquired by the Confederate Navy.

After being outfitted with five or six cannons and renamed Maurepas, she was sent to the defenses of Columbus, Kentucky, in March 1862, and participated in actions near Island Number Ten.  After an abortive naval skirmish near Fort Pillow in Tennessee, Maurepas and the gunboat CSS Pontchartrain were sent up the White River to resist Union advances and aid transport. On June 16, the eve of the Battle of Saint Charles, Maurepas was sunk as an obstruction and her cannons sent ashore.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Charles Yale Beach
Charles Yale Beach (March 4, 1847 –
October 16, 1917) was an American real estate investor, inventor and businessman from New York. He was among the largest real estate owners of Bridgeport, Connecticut, behind Senator Nathaniel Wheeler and Clinton Barnum Seeley, grandson of P. T. Barnum.

He was also a correspondent of Mark Twain, who was with the Beach family among the Quaker City excursion of 1867, covered in Twain's Innocents Abroad. Beach's New York historical landmark, the Commercial Advertiser Building, burned down in 1891.

Nathaniel Wheeler
Nathaniel Wheeler (b. Watertown, Litchfield county., Connecticut, September 7, 1820; d. Bridgeport, December 31. 1893) was an American manufacturer and legislator. He became a Senator in Connecticut under the Democrats.
Commonsense reasoning
In artificial intelligence (AI), commonsense reasoning is a human-like ability to make presumptions about the type and essence of ordinary situations humans encounter every day. These assumptions include judgments about the nature of physical objects, taxonomic properties, and peoples' intentions. A device that exhibits commonsense reasoning might be capable of drawing conclusions that are similar to humans' folk psychology (humans' innate ability to reason about people's behavior and intentions) and naive physics (humans' natural understanding of the physical world).

Naïve physics
Naïve physics or folk physics is the untrained human perception of basic physical phenomena. In the field of artificial intelligence the study of naïve physics is a part of the effort to formalize the common knowledge of human beings.

Many ideas of folk physics are simplifications, misunderstandings, or misperceptions of well-understood phenomena, incapable of giving useful predictions of detailed experiments, or simply are contradicted by more thorough observations. They may sometimes be true, be true in certain limited cases, be true as a good first approximation to a more complex effect, or predict the same effect but misunderstand the underlying mechanism.

Naïve physics is characterized by a mostly intuitive understanding humans have about objects in the physical world. Certain notions of the physical world may be innate.
Book of the Cock
The Book of the Cock (also known as the Ethiopic Book of the Cock or the Book of the Rooster; Geʽez: Mäṣḥafä Dorho, መጽሐፈ፡ ዶርሆ፡) is a Geʽez narrative of the passion of Jesus, making it a passion gospel. It was likely written in the fifth or sixth centuries and is based on an earlier version in Arabic or Greek. It has contemporary use among some Ethiopian Christians.

Passion Gospels
Passion Gospels are early Christian texts that either mostly or exclusively relate to the last events of Jesus' life: the Passion of Jesus.  They are generally classed as New Testament apocrypha.  The last chapters of the four canonical gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) include Passion narratives, but later Christians hungered for more details.  Just as infancy gospels expanded the stories of young Jesus, Passion Gospels expanded the story of Jesus's arrest, trial, execution, resurrection, and the aftermath.  These documents usually claimed to be written by a participant mentioned in the gospels, with Nicodemus, Pontius Pilate, and Joseph of Arimathea as popular choices for author.  These documents are considered more legendary than historical, however, and were not included in the eventual Canon of the New Testament.
Date and time notation in Thailand
Thailand has adopted ISO 8601 under national standard: TIS 1111:2535 in 1992. However, Thai date and time notation reflects the country’s cultural development through the years used. The formal date format is D/M/YYYY format (1/6/2568), nowadays using the Buddhist Era (BE). The full date format is day-month-year format which is written in Thai (๑ มิถุนายน พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๘ or 1 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2568). While a 24-hour system is common for official use, colloquially, a 12-hour format with terms like "morning" (Thai: เช้า, RTGS: chao) and "night" (ค่ำ, kham), etc., or a modified six-hour format is used.

24-hour clock
The modern 24-hour clock is the convention of timekeeping in which the day runs from midnight to midnight and is divided into 24 hours. This is indicated by the hours (and minutes) passed since midnight, from 00(:00) to 23(:59), with 24(:00) as an option to indicate the end of the day. This system, as opposed to the 12-hour clock, is the most commonly used time notation in the world today, and is used by the international standard ISO 8601.

A number of countries, particularly English speaking, use the 12-hour clock, or a mixture of the 24- and 12-hour time systems. In countries where the 12-hour clock is dominant, some professions prefer to use the 24-hour clock. For example, in the practice of medicine, the 24-hour clock is generally used in documentation of care as it prevents any ambiguity as to when events occurred in a patient's medical history.
Ndleleni Duma
Ndleleni Moses Duma (26 August 1958 – 23 November 2018) was a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the North West Provincial Legislature until his death in 2018. He also served in the National Assembly between 2009 and 2014. He was a Member of the North West Executive Council from 2004 to 2009 during the premiership of Edna Molewa; during the same period, he was convicted on theft charges in connection with his involvement in the Travelgate scandal during an earlier period of service in the national Parliament.

A former anti-apartheid activist, Duma was a prominent figure in the ANC of the North West Province. He was the inaugural Provincial Secretary of the North West ANC between 1994 and 1998, under Chairperson Popo Molefe, and later deputised Supra Mahumapelo as Deputy Provincial Secretary from 2005 to 2008. He served on the ANC National Executive Committee from 2007 to 2012.

Supra Mahumapelo
Supra Obakeng Ramoeletsi Mahumapelo (born 7 June 1968) is a South African politician and singer who was Premier of North West from May 2014 to May 2018 during the 5th North West Provincial Legislature. He formerly served as Speaker of the North West Provincial Legislature from April 2012 to May 2014.

Mahumapelo was the Provincial Secretary of the African National Congress (ANC) in the North West from 2005 to 2009 and its Provincial Chairperson from 2011 to 2018. He resigned as Premier in May 2018 amid violent protests calling for his resignation.
2022 Lao League
The 2022 Lao League is the 33rd season of the Lao League 1. Contested by 7 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Lao League 2. The season started on 12 March 2022. It is played in triple round-robin format, with 21 total rounds. Due to the new policies and regulations implemented by the newly established Laos Football League Company, there will be only seven teams in the league.

FC Chanthabouly were the defending champions, having won their title in 2020 season. However, they did not send a team due to problems with the Lao National Football Federation.

F.C. Chanthabouly
Football Club Chanthabouly, also known as FC Chanthabouly, previously known as Lao Toyota Football Club for sponsorship reasons, is a professional football club based in Vientiane, Laos, currently competing in the Lao League 2. The club has won 5 league titles and 1 Lao FF Cup.