hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yo Takagi
Yo Takagi (髙木 謠, Takagi Yo; born December 15, 2007) is a Japanese figure skater. She is the 2024 Youth Olympic bronze medalist, the 2024 JGP Thailand silver medalist, the 2023 JGP Japan silver medalist, and 2023 Coupe du Printemps junior silver medalist.

ISU Junior Grand Prix in Thailand
The ISU Junior Grand Prix in Thailand is an international figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Figure & Speed Skating Association of Thailand (Thai: สมาคมฟิกเกอร์และสปีดสเก็ตติ้งแห่งประเทศไทย). It is held periodically as an event of the ISU Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating (JGP), a series of international competitions exclusively for junior-level skaters. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, and ice dance. Skaters earn points based on their results at the qualifying competitions each season, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline are invited to then compete at the Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final.
Transportation in Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis, Tennessee has developed into a major Mid-American commercial and transportation hub because of its location on the Mississippi River and a convergence of numerous rail and highway links. Four rail and highway bridges cross the Mississippi River at Memphis. In addition, Memphis International Airport has become the world's largest airfreight terminal.

Travel and shipment of freight are facilitated by two major Interstate highways, I-40 and I-55, that intersect at Memphis. I-240 is a highway spur that carries traffic around the city. A large volume of railroad freight traffic moves through Memphis, thanks to two Mississippi River railroad crossings and the convergence at Memphis of east–west with north–south rail routes.  In addition, Memphis is the second busiest cargo port on the Mississippi River.

Local public transportation in the Memphis area is provided by the Memphis Area Transit Authority.

Memphis Area Transit Authority
The Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA) is the public transportation provider for Memphis, Tennessee. It is one of the largest transit providers in the state of Tennessee; MATA transports customers in the City of Memphis and parts of Shelby County on fixed-route buses, paratransit vehicles, demand-responsive service, and the MATA Trolley system. The system is managed by a seven-member policy board appointed by the mayor and approved by the Memphis City Council. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 2,821,900.
Tropeognathus
Tropeognathus (meaning "keel jaw") is a genus of large pterosaurs from the late Early Cretaceous of South America. This genus is considered to be a member of the family Anhangueridae, but several studies have also recovered it within another family called Ornithocheiridae. Both of these families are diverse groups of pterosaurs known for their keel-tipped snouts and large size. With an estimated wingspan around 8.5 m (28 ft), Tropeognathus is regarded as the largest pterosaur found in the Southern Hemisphere, only rivaled by the huge azhdarchids. The type and only species is Tropeognathus mesembrinus. Fossil remains of Tropeognathus have been recovered from the Romualdo Formation, which is a Lagerstätte located in the Santana Group of the Araripe Basin in northeastern Brazil.

Santana Group
The Santana Group is a geologic group, formerly included as the middle part of the Araripe Group, in the Araripe Basin of northeastern Brazil. The group comprises the Crato, Ipubi and Romualdo Formations and is dated to the Aptian to Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous. The formations of the group were deposited in a lacustrine to subtidal shallow marine environment in the Araripe rift basin.

The Santana Group has provided a rich assemblage of fossils; flora, fish, arthropods insects, turtles, snakes, dinosaurs including Irritator, and pterosaurs such as Thalassodromeus. The stratigraphic units of the group contained several feathers of birds, among those the first record of Mesozoic birds in Brazil. The Romualdo and Crato Formations are renowned for their excellent conservation and designated Lagerstätten. In 2006, the Araripe Basin was designated a UNESCO Global Geopark.
Vineet McCarty
Vice Admiral Vineet McCarty, AVSM is a serving Flag officer in the Indian Navy. He currently serves as the Deputy Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (Policy Planning & Force Development). He earlier served as the Controller Personnel Services, as the Commandant of Indian Naval Academy and as the Flag Officer Commanding Western Fleet.

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM, lit. 'Very Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India given to recognize "distinguished service of an exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. The award is a peacetime equivalent of Uttam Yuddh Seva Medal, which is a Wartime Distinguished Service decoration.

The award can also be granted posthumously. Subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The awardee can use "AVSM" as post-nominal letters.
Asian Americans in Houston
Houston has large populations of immigrants from Asia. In addition, the city has the largest Vietnamese American population in Texas and second-largest in the United States as of 2019. Houston also has one of the largest Chinese American, Pakistani American, and Filipino American populations in the United States.

Vietnamese Americans
Vietnamese Americans (Vietnamese: Người Mỹ gốc Việt, Vietnamese pronunciation: [ŋɯəj˨˩ mi˦ˀ˥ ɣŏk˧˦ viət̚˧˨ʔ~ziət̚˧˨ʔ]) are Americans of Vietnamese ancestry. They constitute a major part of all overseas Vietnamese. As of 2023, over 2.3 million people of Vietnamese descent live in the United States, making them the fourth largest Asian American ethnic group. The majority (60%) are immigrants, while 40% were born in the United States. The number includes people of other ethnicities such as Montagnards, Tais, Chams, or Hoa Chinese.

The Vietnamese American population grew significantly after 1975, when a large wave of South Vietnamese refugees arrived in the U.S. following the end of the Vietnam War. Today, over half of Vietnamese-Americans reside in California and Texas, particularly in metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, Houston, and San Jose.
Sebastian Vollmer
Sebastian Georg Vollmer (German pronunciation: [zeˈbasti̯a(ː)n ˈɡeːɔʁk ˈfɔlmɐ]; born 10 July 1984) is a German former professional American football player who was an offensive tackle for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Houston Cougars and was selected by the Patriots in the second round of the 2009 NFL draft and played his entire eight-year career with the team. He was named a second-team All-Pro in 2010.

Houston Cougars football
The Houston Cougars football program is an NCAA Division I FBS football team that represents the University of Houston. The team is commonly referred to as "Houston" or "U of H". The UH football program is a member of the Big 12 Conference. Since the 2014 season, the Cougars have played their home games on campus at TDECU Stadium, which was built on the site formerly occupied by Robertson Stadium, where they played home games from 1941 to 1950 and from 1994 to 2012. Over the history of the program, the Cougars have won 11 conference championships and have had several players elected to the College Football Hall of Fame, including a Heisman Trophy winner.
Ashmore Reef Marine Park
The Ashmore Reef Marine Park (formerly known as the Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve) is an Australian marine park that covers the Ashmore Reef, which is located about 630 km (390 mi) north of Broome and 110 km (68 mi) south of the Indonesian island of Rote. The marine park covers an area of 583 km2 (225 sq mi) and is assigned IUCN category Ia. It is one of 13 parks managed under the North-west Marine Parks Network.

The Ashmore Reef Marine Park is within an area known as the MOU Box, a region that permits for continued Indonesian traditional fishing and access.

IUCN protected area categories
IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The enlisting of such areas is part of a strategy being used toward the conservation of the world's natural environment and biodiversity. The IUCN has developed the protected area management categories system to define, record and classify the wide variety of specific aims and concerns when categorising protected areas and their objectives. Further supplementary guidelines have been developed specific to marine protected areas (MPAs).

This categorisation method is recognised on a global scale by national governments and international bodies such as the United Nations and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Tamirlan Kozubayev
Tamirlan Omuraliyevich Kozubayev (Kyrgyz: Тамирлан Козубаев; Russian: Тамирлан Омуралиевич Козубаев; born 1 July 1994) is a Kyrgyzstani professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Super League club Persita Tangerang and the Kyrgyzstan national team.

Kyrgyzstan national football team
The Kyrgyzstan national football team (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Республикасынын улуттук курама командасы; Russian: Сборная Кыргызской Республики по футболу), officially recognised by FIFA and AFC as Kyrgyz Republic, represents Kyrgyzstan in international football and is controlled by the Kyrgyz Football Union, a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and Central Asian Football Association.
Glycoside hydrolase family 85
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 85 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

Glycoside hydrolase family 85 enzymes have endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity EC 3.2.1.96 (CAZY GH_85). These enzymes work on a broad spectrum of substrates.

Glycoside hydrolase
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases) are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies (e.g., lysozyme), in pathogenesis mechanisms  (e.g.,  viral neuraminidases) and in normal cellular function  (e.g.,  trimming mannosidases involved in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis). Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
Dosso case
Dosso v. Federation of Pakistan was the first constitutional case after the promulgation of the Constitution of Pakistan of 1956 and an important case in Pakistan's political history. The case gained prominence as it indirectly questioned the first martial law imposed by President Iskander Mirza in 1958.

Dosso was a tribal person from district Loralai in Baluchistan then under Provincially Administered Tribal Areas who committed a murder. He was arrested by tribal authorities and handed over to the Loya jirga who convicted him under the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR). Relatives of Dosso challenged the decision in Lahore High Court (then the West Pakistan High Court) who ruled in favour of Dosso. The Federal Government appealed the decision to the Supreme Court of Pakistan who reversed the High Court's decision by referring to the Hans Kelsen theory of legal positivism.

Constitution of Pakistan (1956–1958)
The Constitution of 1956 was the fundamental law of Pakistan from March 1956 until the 1958 Pakistani coup d'état. It was the first constitution adopted by independent Pakistan. There were 234 articles, 13 parts and 6 schedules.
Carl Paul Pfleiderer
Carl Paul Pfleiderer, also listed as Karl Pfleiderer (3 July 1881 in Waiblingen – 7 August 1960 in Braunschweig), was a German mechanical engineer and university lecturer at the Technical University of Braunschweig . He developed the theoretical foundations of modern centrifugal pump construction.

TU Braunschweig
TU Braunschweig (German: Technische Universität Braunschweig) is the oldest technical university in Germany. It was founded in 1745 as Collegium Carolinum. It is a member of TU9, an incorporated society of the most renowned German institutes of technology. It is commonly ranked among the top engineering universities in Germany.

TU Braunschweig's research profile is very interdisciplinary, but with a focus on aeronautics, vehicle engineering including autonomous driving and electric mobility, manufacturing, life sciences, and metrology. Research is conducted in close collaboration with external organizations such as the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, several Fraunhofer Institutes, and Germany's national metrology institute (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, PTB), among many others. As one of very few research institutions of its type in the world, the university has its own research airport.
Photo Doody (Howdy)
Photo Doody is one of the three original Howdy Doody 1940s marionettes. He is the Howdy figure that was used in Howdy Doody still photo sessions for the Howdy Doody Show and the publicity pictures taken with Buffalo Bob Smith. The near-stringless Howdy marionette was also used in personal appearances and parades. His arm joints and legs were specially built to hold a pose for advertising and marketing photography. He sat easily in Buffalo Bob Smith's lap.

Photo Doody, made of carved wood, is 30" tall. His face is hand-painted with blue eyes; he has red hair, a gap-tooth grin, pronounced ears and 48 freckles (one for each of the states at the time when the show first went on the air).  He wears a western style outfit consisting of blue jeans, a plaid shirt, cowboy boots and a red bandanna.

Buffalo Bob Smith
Robert Emil Schmidt (November 27, 1917 – July 30, 1998), nicknamed Buffalo Bob, was an American radio and television personality and presenter; he was well known as the host of the children's show Howdy Doody.
Little Piney River
The Little Piney River is a 7.6-mile-long (12.2 km) tributary of the Piney River in Amherst County in the U.S. state of Virginia.  Via the Piney and Tye rivers, it is part of the James River watershed.

The Little Piney River runs from the George Washington Forest, down Page Mountain, and feeds into the Big Piney River at the foot of the mountain. Both Piney Rivers straddle the boundaries of Nelson County and Amherst County.

Nelson County, Virginia
Nelson County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,775. Its county seat is Lovingston. Nelson County is part of the Charlottesville metropolitan area.
G 4/95
G 4/95 is a decision issued on 19 February 1996 by the Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO). The decision deals with oral submissions by an accompanying person in opposition or opposition appeal proceedings, and more specifically the extent and the circumstances under which an accompanying person or similar may add to the authorized representative's submissions during oral proceedings. The Enlarged Board of Appeal held that an accompanying person may be allowed to make oral submissions in relation to either legal or technical issues provided that the authorized representative maintains overall control at all times and "under the overall discretionary control of the EPO".

Appeal procedure before the European Patent Office
The European Patent Convention (EPC), the multilateral treaty instituting the legal system according to which European patents are granted, contains provisions allowing a party to appeal a decision issued by a first instance department of the European Patent Office (EPO). For instance, a decision of an Examining Division refusing to grant a European patent application may be appealed by the applicant. The appeal procedure before the European Patent Office is under the responsibility of its Boards of Appeal, which are institutionally independent within the EPO.
Sainte-Barbe Coal Mine
The Sainte-Barbe Coal Mine is a former shaft of the Ronchamp coal mines located near the Champagney ballast pits (Haute-Saône department), in eastern France. The shaft was excavated in 1854, and mined for coal from 1860 to 1872. It was used to ventilate the Sainte-Pauline shaft from 1869 to 1884, before being backfilled. Its longevity and productivity were less than those of the company's main extraction shafts.

In the second half of the 20th century, the site was used as a sand pit. A short-lived equestrian center existed at the beginning of the 21st century. An explanatory panel installed in 2017 tells the story of the Sainte-Pauline and Sainte-Barbe shafts.

Underground mine ventilation
Underground mine ventilation provides a flow of air to the underground workers of a mine with sufficient volume to dilute and remove dust and noxious gases (typically NOx, SO2, methane, CO2 and CO) and to regulate temperature.  The source of these gases are equipment that runs on diesel engines, blasting with explosives, and the orebody itself. Regulations often require airflow to be distributed within mines to improve air quality.

The largest component of the operating cost for mine ventilation is electricity to power the ventilation fans, which may account for one third of a typical underground mine's entire electrical power cost.
Andris Pelšs
Andris Pelšs is a Latvian diplomat who served as Permanent Representative of Latvia to the European Union from 2012 to 2016, since 2018 he serves as State Secretary of the Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Latvia)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Latvian: Latvijas Republikas Ārlietu ministrija) is responsible for maintaining the Republic of Latvia's external relations and the management of its international diplomatic missions. The current Minister of Foreign Affairs is Baiba Braže.
Gnesta railway station
Gnesta station is a railway station located in Gnesta, Södermanland County, Sweden. It is located 66 kilometers south of Stockholm, and is one of a few stations on Stockholm's commuter rail network located outside of Stockholm County. The station is also used for services operated by Mälartåg. Gnesta station was opened in 1861 as part of the Western Main Line.

Stockholm commuter rail
Stockholm commuter rail (Swedish: Stockholms pendeltåg) is the commuter rail system in Stockholm County, Sweden. The system is an important part of the public transport in Stockholm, and is controlled by Storstockholms Lokaltrafik. The tracks are state-owned and administered by the Swedish Transport Administration, while the operation of the Stockholm commuter rail services itself has been contracted to SJ AB since March 2024.
Ruslan Fayfer
Ruslan Vladimirovich Fayfer (Russian: Руслан Владимирович Файфер; born 10 May 1991) is a Russian professional boxer who has held the EBP cruiserweight title since 2019. As of May 2020, he is ranked as the world's fourth best active cruiserweight by the WBC, and sixth by the WBO.

As an amateur he won a gold medal at the 2010 World University Boxing Championships in the light-heavyweight division.

Cruiserweight (boxing)
Cruiserweight, also referred to as junior heavyweight, is a weight class in professional boxing between light heavyweight and heavyweight. Before the advent of the current cruiserweight class, "light heavyweight" and "cruiserweight" were sometimes used interchangeably in the United Kingdom.
Mississippi Highway 332
Mississippi Highway 332 (MS 332) is a highway in central Mississippi. Its western terminus is at U.S. Route 51 (US 51) in Grenada. The route travels northeastward through farmland to Grenada Municipal Airport. The road continues to its eastern terminus at Toe Road, southwest of the Grenada Lake. The designation was created in 1958 for a former segment of MS 7, which was rerouted north of the lake.

Grenada Municipal Airport
Grenada Municipal Airport (ICAO: KGNF, FAA LID: GNF) is a public use airport in Grenada County, Mississippi, United States. It is owned by the City of Grenada and located three nautical miles (6 km) north of the central business district. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility. There is no scheduled commercial airline service.

Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned GNF by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned GNF to Gansner Field in Quincy, California).
K N Pathak
Kare Narain Pathak FNA, FASc, FNASc is an Indian Theoretical Condensed Matter Physicist, Professor Emeritus and Former Vice-Chancellor of the Panjab University. He is an elected Fellow of several science academies such as the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy, National Academy of Sciences, India, National Research Council Canada and Punjab Academy of Sciences.

National Research Council Canada
The National Research Council Canada (NRC; French: Conseil national de recherches Canada) is the primary national agency of the Government of Canada dedicated to science and technology research and development. It is the largest federal research and development organization in Canada.

The Minister of Industry is responsible for the NRC.
Bruno Martini (handballer)
Bruno Martini (born 1970) is a French former team handball goalkeeper. He was a part of the French national team that won the 1995 World Championship; the first time France ever won a major international tournament.

1995 World Men's Handball Championship
The 1995 World Men's Handball Championship was the 14th team handball World Championship. It was held in Iceland between 7–21 May 1995. France won the championship. Games were played in Reykjavík, Hafnarfjörður, Akureyri and Kópavogur.
Nitin Seth
Nitin Seth is an Indian tech entrepreneur and author who was the COO of Flipkart. He is the Co-Founder and CEO of Incedo, a US-based digital transformation services and platforms provider. An alumnus of the Indian Institute of Management Lucknow, he has been Managing Director of Fidelity International in India. He served as Chairperson of NASSCOM's GCC Council and was the Chairperson of the NASSCOM Regional Council (NRC) in Haryana, India. He is the co-founder of Plaksha University, a private science and technology university based in Punjab, India.

NASSCOM
National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM) is an Indian non-governmental trade association and advocacy group that primarily serves the Indian technology industry. Founded in 1988, NASSCOM operates as a nonprofit organization and serves as a key entity within the Indian technology sector.