hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Predicted no-effect concentration
The predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) is the concentration of a chemical which marks the limit at which below no adverse effects of exposure in an ecosystem are measured. PNEC values are intended to be conservative and predict the concentration at which a chemical will likely have no toxic effect. They are not intended to predict the upper limit of concentration of a chemical that has a toxic effect. PNEC values are often used in environmental risk assessment as a tool in ecotoxicology. A PNEC for a chemical can be calculated with acute toxicity or chronic toxicity single-species data, Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) multi-species data, field data or model ecosystems data. Depending on the type of data used, an assessment factor is used to account for the confidence of the toxicity data being extrapolated to an entire ecosystem.

Chronic toxicity
Chronic toxicity, the development of adverse effects as a result of long term exposure to a contaminant or other stressor, is an important aspect of aquatic toxicology. Adverse effects associated with chronic toxicity can be directly lethal but are more commonly sublethal, including changes in growth, reproduction, or behavior. Chronic toxicity is in contrast to acute toxicity, which occurs over a shorter period of time to higher concentrations. Various toxicity tests can be performed to assess the chronic toxicity of different contaminants, and usually last at least 10% of an organism's lifespan. Results of aquatic chronic toxicity tests can be used to determine water quality guidelines and regulations for protection of aquatic organisms.
Saarah Smith
Saarah Smith (born 30 March 1999) is a South African cricketer. In August 2018, she was named in the South Africa Women's squad for their series against the West Indies Women. She made her Women's Twenty20 International cricket (WT20I) debut for South Africa against West Indies Women on 24 September 2018.

In October 2018, she was named in South Africa's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 tournament in the West Indies. However, the following month, she was ruled out of the tournament due to an injury and replaced by Moseline Daniels.

In February 2019, Cricket South Africa named her as one of the players in the Powerade Women's National Academy intake for 2019. In September 2019, she was named in the Terblanche XI squad for the inaugural edition of the Women's T20 Super League in South Africa.

Moseline Daniels
Moseline Daniels (born 1 February 1990) is a South African cricketer who plays as a left-arm medium bowler. She played 33 One Day Internationals and 40 Twenty20 Internationals for South Africa between 2010 and 2019. In March 2018, she was one of fourteen players to be awarded a national contract by Cricket South Africa ahead of the 2018–19 season.

In November 2018, she was added to South Africa's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 tournament in the West Indies. In September 2019, she was named in the F van der Merwe XI squad for the inaugural edition of the Women's T20 Super League in South Africa.
Porphyrion
In Greek mythology, Porphyrion (Ancient Greek: Πορφυρίων) was one of the Gigantes (Giants), who according to Hesiod, were the offspring of Gaia, born from the blood that fell when Uranus (Sky) was castrated by their son Cronus. In some other versions of the myth, the Gigantes were born of Gaia and Tartarus.

Hesiod
Hesiod (/ˈhiːsiəd/ HEE-see-əd or /ˈhɛsiəd/ HEH-see-əd; Ancient Greek: Ἡσίοδος Hēsíodos; fl. c. 700 BC) was an Ancient Greek poet generally thought to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer.

Several of Hesiod's works have survived in their entirety. Among these are Theogony, which tells the origins of the gods, their lineages, and the events that led to Zeus's rise to power, and Works and Days, a poem that describes the five Ages of Man, offers advice and wisdom, and includes myths such as Pandora's box.

Hesiod is generally regarded by Western authors as 'the first written poet in the Western tradition to regard himself as an individual persona with an active role to play in his subject.' Ancient authors credited Hesiod and Homer with establishing Greek religious customs. Modern scholars refer to him as a major source on Greek mythology, farming techniques, early economic thought, Archaic Greek astronomy, cosmology, and ancient time-keeping.
Two-Face in other media
The character Two-Face was created by Bob Kane and first appeared in Detective Comics #66 (August 1942). However, he did not appear outside comics until half a century later in Batman: The Animated Series. Two-Face has since been substantially adapted from the comics into various forms of media, such as feature films, television series and video games. Two-Face has been voiced by Richard Moll in the DC Animated Universe, Troy Baker in the Batman: Arkham series, Billy Dee Williams in The Lego Batman Movie, and William Shatner in Batman vs. Two-Face. His live-action portrayals include Billy Dee Williams in Batman (1989), Tommy Lee Jones in Batman Forever, Aaron Eckhart in The Dark Knight, Harry Lawtey in Joker: Folie à Deux, Sebastian Stan in The Batman: Part II, and Nicholas D'Agosto in the television series Gotham. In 2009, Two-Face was ranked #12 on IGN's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time.

Richard Moll
Charles Richard Moll (January 13, 1943 – October 26, 2023) was an American actor known for playing Aristotle Nostradamus "Bull" Shannon, a bailiff on the NBC sitcom Night Court from 1984 to 1992. Moll also voiced Harvey Dent/Two-Face in the DC Animated Universe series Batman: The Animated Series and The New Batman Adventures, and briefly reprised the role in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "Chill of the Night!".
Cocaine Nose (song)
"Cocaine Nose" (stylized in all caps) is a song by American rapper Playboi Carti. It was released through AWGE and Interscope Records as the twentieth track from Carti's third studio album, Music, on March 14, 2025. The song was written by Playboi Carti, alongside producers F1lthy, 100Yrd, Brak3, and Seven. It contains a sample of "Only U" by Ashanti.

F1lthy
Richard Ortiz (born February 1, 1992), known professionally as F1lthy (stylized in all caps), is an American record producer and songwriter. He is a co-founder of the rap collective Working on Dying and a producer for many rappers such as Playboi Carti and Lil Yachty, and a member of Playboi Carti's Opium record label. He is known for "crafting sounds as guttural and crunchy as his name suggests," and minimalist melodies.
Larry Conjar
Lawrence Wayne Conjar (born October 28, 1945) is an American former professional football running back who played four seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Cleveland Browns, Philadelphia Eagles and Baltimore Colts. He was selected by the Browns in the second round of the 1967 NFL/AFL draft after playing college football at the University of Notre Dame.

Baltimore Colts
The Baltimore Colts were a professional American football team based in Baltimore from 1953 to 1983, when its owner Robert Irsay moved the franchise to Indianapolis. The team was named for Baltimore's history of horse breeding and racing. It was the second incarnation of the Baltimore Colts, the first having played for three years in the All-America Football Conference and one in the National Football League (NFL). The Baltimore Colts played their home games at Memorial Stadium.
Omsk Metro
Omsk Metro (Russian: Омский метрополитен, Omskiy metropoliten) is a cancelled rapid transit line that underwent various phases of construction from 1992 to 2018 in Omsk, Russia. It was to become Siberia's second metropolitan underground railway system after the Novosibirsk Metro which opened in the mid-1980s.

Construction of the first line of the Metro suffered from many delays, with the planned opening date being postponed four times: from 2008 to 2010, then 2015, then again to 2016. In May 2018, the regional government of the Omsk Oblast stopped construction after 26 years, leaving behind an unfinished system with only one station that serves as a pedestrian underpass, and a double-decker metro/road bridge over the Irtysh river.

Omsk Oblast
Omsk Oblast (Russian: О́мская о́бласть, romanized: Omskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia. The oblast has an area of 139,700 square kilometers (53,900 sq mi). Its population is 1,977,665 (2010 Census) with the majority, 1.12 million, living in Omsk, the administrative center.

The oblast borders Tyumen Oblast in the north and west, Novosibirsk Oblast and Tomsk Oblast in the east, and Kazakhstan in the south.
Gua Operon
The gua operon is responsible for regulating the synthesis of guanosine mono phosphate (GMP), a purine nucleotide, from inosine monophosphate (IMP or inosinate). It consists of two structural genes guaB (encodes for IMP dehydrogenase or and guaA (encodes for GMP synthetase) apart from the promoter and operator region.

Inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase
Inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a purine biosynthetic enzyme that catalyzes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent oxidation of inosine monophosphate (IMP) to xanthosine monophosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step towards the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides from IMP. IMPDH is a regulator of the intracellular guanine nucleotide pool, and is therefore important for DNA and RNA synthesis, signal transduction, energy transfer, glycoprotein synthesis, as well as other processes that are involved in cellular proliferation.
Giannaioi
Giannaioi (Greek: Γιανναίοι) is a community of the municipal unit of Falaisia in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. It consists of the two mountain villages Ano Giannaioi and Kato Giannaioi. Ano Giannaioi is 1 km southeast of Kato Giannaioi. Both villages are situated on a mountain slope, in the northern foothills of the Taygetus mountains, between 600 and 700 m elevation. Kato Giannaioi is 1 km south of Kamara, 5 km north of Dyrrachio, 11 km southeast of Leontari and 19 km south of Megalopoli.

Dyrrachio
Dyrrachio (Greek: Δυρράχιο) is a mountain village in the municipal unit of Falaisia, southwestern Arcadia, Greece. It is considered a traditional settlement and is situated at an altitude of 800 metres (2,600 ft) in the Taygetos mountains of the Peloponnese. It is 3 km west of Neochori, 4 km east of Akovos, 7 km southwest of Longanikos and 25 km south of Megalopoli. Dyrrachio suffered damage from the 2007 Greek forest fires.
LeUyen Pham
LeUyen Pham (born September 6, 1973) is a children's book illustrator and author. She has illustrated and written more than 120 books. In 2020, she won a Caldecott Honor for her illustrations in the book Bear Came Along.

Eve Bunting
Eve Bjørgum Bunting (née Bolton, December 19, 1928 – October 1, 2023), better known as Eve Bunting, was a Northern Irish-born American writer of more than 250 books. Her work covered a broad array of subjects and included fiction and non-fiction books. Her novels are primarily aimed at children and young adults, but she has also written the text for picture books. While many of her books are set in Northern Ireland where she grew up, her topics and settings range from Thanksgiving to riots in Los Angeles. Bunting's first book, The Two Giants, was published in 1971. Due to the popularity of her books with children, she has been listed as one of the Educational Paperback Association's top 100 authors.
Diverge (film)
Diverge is a 2016 American science fiction thriller film directed, written, and co-edited by James Morrison (in his feature directorial debut). It stars Ivan Sandomire, Jamie Jackson, Erin Cunningham, Andrew Sensenig, and Chris Henry Coffey. It follows a solitary survivor of a deadly virus who is given the chance to reclaim his life by altering his past.

The film had its world premiere at the 6th Art of Brooklyn Film Festival on June 9, 2016. After over a year on the festival circuit, it was released on iTunes and VOD on February 6, 2018, by Gravitas Ventures.

Jamie Jackson (actor)
Jamie Jackson (born January 24, 1967) is an Australian actor, singer, playwright and stand-up comedian who has appeared in film, stage and television. His television appearances include Water Rats, The Blacklist, and Flight of the Conchords. His Broadway credits include leading roles in Doctor Zhivago, Soul Doctor, Wicked, and Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street.

Jackson studied acting at the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney, and attended the NYU Tisch School of the Arts, where he studied musical theatre writing under the tutelage of Sarah Schlesinger. He also studied standup comedy at the American Comedy Institute with Stephen Rosenfield.

In 1998 he was awarded and Associate Fellowship through Mike Walsh Fellowships.

Jackson also was the lyricist and author of I Spy a Spy. After 7 years of 3 workshops, 2 lab presentations, and 6 readings the show premiered Off-Broadway in 2019 at the St Clements Theatre.
Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency
Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 543 parliamentary constituencies in India. The constituency centres on Basirhat in West Bengal. All the seven assembly segments of No. 18 Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency are in North 24 Parganas district.

Basirhat
Basirhat is a city and a Greater Municipal Urban Agglomeration region of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves as the headquarters of the Basirhat subdivision and is the largest city in the  eastern part of North 24 Parganas. Established on April 1, 1869, Basirhat is one of the oldest municipal boards in West Bengal. There's a proposal to carve out a new Basirhat district from the existing North 24 Parganas district. The district headquarters is planned to be in the city of Basirhat. The city is famous for Durga Puja and home of more than 100 durga puja committees.

Basirhat ranks among the cleanest cities of India, in terms of waste management, according to a survey held by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs of Central Government of India. Basirhat is the first city of West Bengal to launch QR code based geo tagging system for real time monitoring of waste management.
Krishnachandra Roy
Raja Krishnachandra (born Krishnachandra Roy; 1710–1783) was a raja and zamindar in Nadia from 1728 to 1782. He belonged to the Nadia Raj family and Shakta Brahmin tradition.  He is credited not only with his resistance to the Mughal rule, but with his expansion and patronage of the arts in his kingdom. He was also a part of the group that conspired against Siraj ud-Daulah, which eventually lead to establishment of British rule in India.

Nadia Raj
Nadia Raj was a dynasty of Zamindars and the rulers of territories that are now part of the Nadia district region of West Bengal, India. Their seat was at the city of Krishnanagar, Nadia. The estate of Nadia Raj was estimated to cover an area of 8,161 square kilometres (3,151 sq mi).

The rulers of Nadia Raj established many Sanskrit schools in Nadia, since they were the patron of Sanskrit literature and music. They were also patrons of Sanskrit culture in Bengal.
Maud Olivier
Maud Olivier (born 20 February 1953) is a French politician. A member of the Socialist Party, she was a Deputy for the Essonne's 5th constituency, General Councillor for the Canton of Les Ulis and Mayor of Les Ulis.

Les Ulis
Les Ulis (French pronunciation: [lez‿ylis] ⓘ) is a commune in the Essonne department, 23 km (14 mi) from the centre of Paris, France. A planned community, it comprises outer suburbs (banlieues) built in the 1970s on the southwestern edge of the Paris metropolitan area. As of 2023, the population of the commune was 25,886.
1995 Qatar Open
The 1995 Qatar Open, known as the 1995 Qatar Mobil Open for sponsorship reasons, was a men's tennis ATP tournament held in Doha, Qatar and played on outdoor hard courts. The event was part of the World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from 2 January through 9 January 1995.

First-seeded Stefan Edberg won the singles title, his second win in Doha, having won the singles title in 1994.

Stefan Edberg
Stefan Edberg (Swedish: [ˈstěːfan ˈêːdbærj]; born 19 January 1966) is a Swedish former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in both men's singles and men's doubles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), one of two players in the Open Era to hold both positions (alongside John McEnroe). Edberg won 41 career singles titles and 18 doubles titles, including nine majors: six in singles and three in men's doubles. A major practitioner of the serve-and-volley style of tennis, Edberg also won the 1989 year-end championships, led Sweden to four Davis Cup titles, and won four Masters Series titles and four Championship Series titles. After retirement, Edberg coached Roger Federer from January 2014 to December 2015.
The Beast (2019 film)
The Beast (Korean: 비스트; RR: Biseuteu) is a 2019 South Korean action thriller film directed by Lee Jung-ho, starring Lee Sung-min, Yoo Jae-Myung, Jeon Hye-jin, and Choi Daniel. The story is about the conflicts of two detectives in solving a brutal murder case. The film is a remake of the French film, 36 Quai des Orfèvres (2004).

Lee Sung-min (actor)
Lee Sung-min (Korean: 이성민; born October 15, 1968) is a South Korean actor. He first gained recognition for his supporting roles in television and film. He is best known for his performances in the series Golden Time (2012), Misaeng: Incomplete Life (2014), and Reborn Rich (2022), winning Best Actor at the Baeksang Arts Awards for the latter two works.

Lee has also received critical acclaim for his role in the espionage film The Spy Gone North (2018), for which he won several Best Actor awards. His other notable films include The Sheriff in Town (2017), The Witness (2018), The Man Standing Next (2020), and Handsome Guys (2024).
Paddy Donovan
Thomas Patrick Donovan (23 December 1936 – 11 March 2018) was a New Zealand amateur boxer and rugby union player. He represented his country in boxing at the 1956 and 1964 Olympic Games, and won bronze medals at the 1958 and 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games. He also played representative rugby for Hawke's Bay.

Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics took place at the West Melbourne Stadium. A total number of 164 competitors entered from 35 nations, of whom 161 from 34 nations weighed-in and boxing was held eight nights and five afternoons. The boxing schedule began on 23 November and ended on 1 December. Ten boxing events (all men's individual) were contested.
Alina Pepeleva
Alina Aleksandrovna Pepeleva (Russian: Алина Александровна Пепелева, born 20 July 2003) is a Russian pair skater. With her former partner, Roman Pleshkov, she is the 2019 CS Warsaw Cup silver medalist. On the junior level, Pepeleva/Pleshkov are the 2019 JGP United States bronze medalists and have qualified to the 2019–20 Junior Grand Prix Final.

ISU Junior Grand Prix in the United States
The ISU Junior Grand Prix in the United States is an international figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by U.S. Figure Skating. It is held periodically as an event of the ISU Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating (JGP), a series of international competitions exclusively for junior-level skaters. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earn points based on their results at the qualifying competitions each season, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline are invited to then compete at the Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final.
King Kobra (album)
King Kobra is the fourth studio album by American hard rock band King Kobra. It was released on April 4, 2011 in Japan with 13 tracks and on April 15, 2011 in Europe and May 5, 2011 in North America with only 12 tracks. It is the first album to feature vocalist Paul Shortino and the first since 1986 to feature Johnny Rod, Mick Sweda, and Dave Henzerling (formerly David Michael-Philips) on bass and guitars, respectively.

Paul Shortino
Paul Shortino (born May 14, 1953) is an American rock singer and musician who has sung for Rough Cutt/The Cutt, Quiet Riot, Bad Boyz, and Shortino. He briefly recorded with J.K. Northrup as the duo, Shortino/Northrup. He has also recorded as a solo artist, writing and performing the song "E.G.G.M.A.N." as the theme for Dr. Eggman in Sonic Adventure 2 for Sega, and in Shadow the Hedgehog as "E.G.G.M.A.N. Doc Robeatnix Mix".  Shortino recorded lead vocals for the Heavy Metal benefit project Hear 'n Aid in 1985.  The single from this project, "Stars", also features lead vocals by heavy metal singers Ronnie James Dio, Rob Halford, Geoff Tate, Don Dokken, Kevin DuBrow, Eric Bloom and Dave Meniketti.

Shortino is currently a member of the band King Kobra, and also performs in the cast of Raiding the Rock Vault at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas.
Kvarner Gulf
The Kvarner Gulf (Croatian: Kvarnerski zaljev, Italian: Golfo del Quarnero or Carnaro; Venetian: Golfo del Carnaro; Latin: Sinus Flanaticus or Liburnicus sinus) sometimes also Kvarner Bay, is a bay in the northern Adriatic Sea, located between the Istrian peninsula and the northern Croatian Littoral mainland. The bay is a part of Croatia's internal waters.

The largest islands within the Kvarner are Cres, Krk, Pag, Rab and Lošinj. A portion of the Kvarner Bay, located between Cres, Krk, Rab and Pag is also called Kvarnerić (literally "little Kvarner"; Italian: Golfo del Quarnerolo or Carnerolo), and the portion east of Krk and Rab is called Senj Channel (after the mainland town of Senj).

The bay is notable for its depth (more than 100 meters), which allows for the city of Rijeka at its northernmost point to have a sea port that can accommodate Capesize ships.

Rab (island)
Rab (Croatian: [ɾâːb]) is an island in the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County in Croatia, located just off the northern Croatian coast in the Adriatic Sea.

The island is 22 km (14 mi) long, has an area of 93.6 km2 (36 sq mi) and 7,161 inhabitants (2021). The main settlement on the island is the eponymous town of Rab, although the neighboring village of Palit has the biggest population. The highest peak is Kamenjak at 408 m. The northeastern side of the island is mostly barren, karst, while the southwestern side is covered by one of the last oak forests of the Mediterranean.

Ferries connect the island of Rab with the mainland port of Stinica and with the neighbouring islands of Krk and Pag. European Coastal Airlines offered multiple daily connections by seaplane from Rab to Zagreb and to Rijeka via Rijeka Airport in Omišalj on the neighboring island of Krk, until it ceased operations in 2016.
Barkley, Shut Up and Jam: Gaiden
Barkley, Shut Up and Jam: Gaiden is a freeware role-playing video game developed by Tales of Game's Studios, jokingly presented as an official sequel to both Barkley Shut Up and Jam! and Space Jam. It features traditional JRPG-styled battles and dungeons.

Space Jam (video game)
Space Jam is a sports video game that ties in with the film of the same name, and based on Looney Tunes characters by Warner Bros. It was released for the Sony PlayStation and Sega Saturn consoles, and MS-DOS computers. Unlike the film and real rules of basketball, each team plays 3-on-3. Players have a choice whether to play as the TuneSquad or the Monstars. It features basic controls and 2D graphics. The game was developed by Sculptured Software, who also developed the Looney Tunes-based basketball game Looney Tunes B-Ball for Sunsoft the year prior to the production of the Space Jam film, and published by Acclaim Entertainment, who also published the NBA Jam series of basketball games.