hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mughal conquest of Bakla
The Mughal Conquest of Bakla was a military campaign by the Mughal Empire against the Chandradwip Kingdom, which covered much of the present-day Barisal Division of Bangladesh. The campaign was led by Syed Hakim, under the orders of Islam Khan I, against Raja Ramchandra Basu.

Barisal Division
Barisal Division (Bengali: বরিশাল বিভাগ, romanized: Borishal Bibhag; Bengali pronunciation: [boriʃal bibʱag]) is one of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Located in the south-central part of the country, it has an area of 13,225 km2 (5,106 sq mi), and a population of 9,325,820 at the 2022 census. It is the least populous division in Bangladesh. It is bounded by Dhaka Division on the north, the Bay of Bengal on the south, Chittagong Division on the east and Khulna Division on the west. The administrative capital, Barisal city, lies in the Padma River delta on an offshoot of the Arial Khan River. Barisal division is criss-crossed by numerous rivers that earned it the nickname Dhan-Nodi-Khal, Ei tin-e Borishal (rice, river and canal built Barisal).
College of Natural Resources (Bhutan)
The College of Natural Resources,  (CNR RUB) is one of the nine constituent colleges under the Royal University of Bhutanoffering courses on natural resources management, including agriculture, animal science, environment and climate, food science and technology, forest science conservation and sustainable development It is located in Lobesa, Punakha District, in west-central Bhutan. The college campus is spread over 98 acres (40 ha) on the eastern slope of Lobesa and is about 140 km (87 mi) away from the Paro International Airport.

Paro International Airport
Paro International Airport (Dzongkha: སྤ་རོ་གནམ་ཐང༌།, romanized: paro gnam thang) (IATA: PBH, ICAO: VQPR) is the sole international airport of the four airports in Bhutan. It is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi; 3.2 nmi) from Paro in a deep valley on the bank of the river Paro Chhu. With surrounding peaks as high as 5,500 metres (18,000 ft), it is considered one of the world's most challenging airports, and only a very small number of pilots are certified to land at the airport.

Flights to and from Paro are allowed under visual meteorological conditions only and are restricted to daylight hours from sunrise to sunset, with additional restrictions in the afternoon during windy seasons. Paro airport was the only airport in Bhutan until 2011. The airport is accessible by road, 6 km (3.7 mi; 3.2 nmi) from Paro city, and 54 km (34 mi; 29 nmi) from Thimphu by Paro-Thimphu road.
Newport railway station
Newport (Welsh: Gorsaf Rheilffordd Casnewydd) is the second-busiest railway station in Wales (after Cardiff Central). It is situated in Newport city centre and is 133 miles 13 chains (214.3 km) from London Paddington measured via Bristol Parkway, and  158 miles 50 chains (255.3 km) via Stroud.

The station was originally opened in 1850 by the South Wales Railway Company and was greatly expanded in 1928. A new station building was built in 2010, with four full-size platforms to facilitate new Great Western Railway 10-car Intercity Express Programme trains.

The station is owned by Network Rail and managed by Transport for Wales Rail. The main station entrance is located on Queensway, connected by Station Approach to the High Street; there is a further entrance adjoined to the National Car Parks site at its rear, reached from Devon Place.

Transport for Wales Rail
Transport for Wales Rail Limited, branded as Transport for Wales and TfW Rail (Welsh: Trafnidiaeth Cymru and TrC Trenau), is a Welsh publicly owned train operating company, a subsidiary of Transport for Wales (TfW), a Welsh Government-owned company. It commenced operations of the day to day services of the Wales & Borders franchise on 7 February 2021, as an operator of last resort, succeeding KeolisAmey Wales.

Transport for Wales Rail manages 248 National Rail stations, including all 223 in Wales, and operates all passenger mainline services wholly within Wales, and services along the England–Wales border, many of which run into or through England.
Vaná
Vanailson Luciano de Souza Alves (born 25 April 1991), commonly known as Vaná, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as goalkeeper for Cypriot First Division club Aris Limassol.

After starting his professional career at Coritiba, he spent several years in Portugal with Feirense, Porto and Famalicão. He made 52 Primeira Liga appearances and played a small role in Porto's league title in 2017–18.

F.C. Famalicão
Futebol Clube de Famalicão, commonly known as Famalicão, is a Portuguese professional football club from Vila Nova de Famalicão. Founded on 21 August 1931, its senior team currently plays in the Primeira Liga, the top tier of Portuguese football.

Since 1952, Famalicão have played their home matches at the Estádio Municipal 22 de Junho, which holds a 5,186-seat capacity. The Famalicenses' most successful period of their history occurred in the early 1990s, where the club played four seasons in the Primeira Liga, between 1990 and 1994, counting now with seven Primeira Liga appearances. The club is owned by Quantum Pacific Group which also has 30% share of Atlético de Madrid.
Crucial Three
The Crucial Three were a short-lived band that existed for approximately six weeks in early 1977. They are nevertheless notable on account of the individual success of all three founding members:  Julian Cope formed The Teardrop Explodes and has enjoyed a long and successful solo career as an author, photographer and singer, Ian McCulloch formed the very successful Echo & the Bunnymen, while guitarist Pete Wylie formed Wah! Heat (and various subsequent incarnations of Wah!) and enjoyed major chart success with "The Story of the Blues". In those early days, McCulloch sang, Cope played bass, and Wylie played guitar. A drummer, Stephen Spence, also joined at some point in their brief life.

Julian Cope
Julian David Cope (born 21 October 1957) is a Welsh musician and author. He was the singer and songwriter in Liverpool post-punk band The Teardrop Explodes and has followed a solo career since 1983 in addition to working on musical side projects such as Queen Elizabeth, Brain Donor, and Black Sheep.

Cope is also an author on Neolithic culture, publishing The Modern Antiquarian in 1998, and a political and cultural activist with a public interest in occultism and paganism. He has written two volumes of autobiography, Head-On (1994) and Repossessed (1999); two volumes of archaeology, The Modern Antiquarian (1998) and The Megalithic European (2004); and three volumes of musicology, Krautrocksampler (1995), Japrocksampler (2007); and Copendium: A Guide to the Musical Underground (2012).
German Army Memorial
The German Army Memorial (German: Ehrenmal des Deutschen Heeres) at the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress in Koblenz is a war memorial inaugurated in 1972 on behalf of the modern German Army in honor of German Army soldiers who died in the two world wars. Since 2006 it also serves to honor soldiers of the Bundeswehr who have died in peacetime or in operations abroad. It is one of three Memorials of the Armed Forces (Ehrenmale der Teilstreitkräfte) for each branch of the Bundeswehr, the others being the Laboe Naval Memorial  near Kiel and the Luftwaffe Memorial in Fürstenfeldbruck.

The Inspector of the German Army is the memorial's patron while the board of trustees is responsible for the maintenance of the memorial and the state government of Rhineland-Palatinate owns the memorial and the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress. Since 2002 it has been a part of the UNESCO Upper Middle Rhine Valley Cultural Landscape.

German Army
The German Army (German: Heer, lit. 'army') is the land component of the armed forces of Germany. The present-day German Army was founded in 1955 as part of the newly formed West German Bundeswehr together with the Marine (German Navy) and the Luftwaffe (German Air Force). As of 2024, the German Army had a strength of 63,047 soldiers.
Waltonavis
Waltonavis (meaning "Walton bird") is an extinct genus of potentially leptosomiform bird from the Early Eocene London Clay Formation of Essex, United Kingdom. The genus contains two species: W. paraleptosomus and  W. danielsi, both known from partial skeletons.

Cuckoo-roller
The cuckoo-roller or courol (Leptosomus discolor) is the only bird in the family Leptosomidae /lɛptoʊˈsɒmɪdiː/, which was previously often placed in the order Coraciiformes but is now placed in its own order Leptosomiformes. The cuckoo-roller is at the root of a group that contains the Trogoniformes, Bucerotiformes, Piciformes, and Coraciiformes. Despite its name, the cuckoo-roller does not share close evolutionary origins with cuckoos or rollers.

It is a medium-large bird, inhabiting forests and woodlands in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Three subspecies are described: the nominate L. d. discolor is found in Madagascar and Mayotte Island, L. d. intermedius on Anjouan, and L. d. gracilis of Grande Comore. Based on its smaller size, differences in the plumage, and minor difference in the voice, the last of these is sometimes considered a separate species, the Comoros cuckoo-roller (L. gracilis).
Clarence Ussher
Clarence Douglas Ussher (September 9, 1870 – September 20, 1955) was an American physician and missionary in the Van region during the Armenian genocide, where he reported that 55,000 Armenians had been killed. In 1917 Ussher published a memoir regarding his experience in Van, titled An American Physician in Turkey: A Narrative of Adventures in Peace and War. It is considered one of the most detailed eyewitness accounts of the events. Ussher openly blamed the Ottoman government for the systematic massacres of Armenians. His accounts of the Armenian genocide were depicted in the 2002 film Ararat. He was the husband of Elizabeth Barrows Ussher, who was also a witness of the genocide.

Van vilayet
The Vilayet of Van (Ottoman Turkish: ولايت وان, romanized: Vilâyet-i Van; Armenian: Վանի վիլայեթ, romanized: Vani vilayet) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire. At the beginning of the 20th century, it reportedly had a population of about 400,000 and an area of 15,000 square miles (39,000 km2).Van Vilayet was one of the six Armenian vilayets and held, prior to the Armenian genocide during World War I, possessed a majority Armenian population, as well as Kurdish, Assyrian and Azeri minorities.
Lisa Gunaydin
Lisa Gunaydin is an American neuroscientist and assistant professor at the Weill Institute for Neurosciences at the University of California San Francisco. Gunaydin helped discover optogenetics in the lab of Karl Deisseroth and now uses this technique in combination with neural and behavioral recordings to probe the neural circuits underlying emotional behaviors.

Karl Deisseroth
Karl Alexander Deisseroth (born November 18, 1971) is an American scientist and physician. He is the D.H. Chen Foundation Professor of Bioengineering and a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University.

He is known for developing the technologies of hydrogel-tissue chemistry (e.g., CLARITY and STARmap) and optogenetics, and for applying integrated optical and genetic strategies to study normal neural circuit function and dysfunction in neurological and psychiatric illnesses.

In 2019, Deisseroth was elected a member of the US National Academy of Engineering for his discoveries and control of neuronal signals underlying animal behavior in health and disease, using molecular and optical tools. He is also a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and the US National Academy of Medicine.
Turin–Milan railway
The Turin–Milan railway is a major Italian railway that links the cities of Turin and Milan. The railway is double track, standard gauge and fully electrified at 3 kV DC. It connects the cities of Settimo Torinese, Chivasso, Santhià, Vercelli, Novara, Magenta and Rho. Since February 2006 high-speed trains have operated over the Turin–Milan high-speed line between Turin and Novara. The remainder of the high-speed line between Novara and Milan was opened in December 2009, when the Bologna–Florence high-speed line and the remaining sections of the Rome–Naples high-speed railway line and the Naples–Salerno high-speed line are opened, completing the high-speed network between Turin and Salerno.

Settimo Torinese
Settimo Torinese (Piedmontese: Ël Seto) is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin, in Piedmont, Italy. The name settimo means "seventh", and it comes from the comune's distance from Turin, which is seven Roman miles. It is bordered by the other comuni of Leinì, Mappano, Volpiano, Brandizzo, San Mauro Torinese, Gassino Torinese, Castiglione Torinese, and Turin.

Sights include the Tower of Settimo, the last remains of the medieval castle (13th–14th centuries) mostly destroyed in the 16th century wars.
San Juan Hot Springs
San Juan Hot Springs, also San Juan Capistrano Hot Springs, is a geothermal area in what is now Ronald W. Caspers Wilderness Park, near Cleveland National Forest, in Orange County, California in the United States. The springs were used by the Indigenous peoples of the region, and were an integral part of the dominion of Misíon San Juan Capistrano. They were later developed and used, on and off for a hundred years, as a resort area of post-settlement Southern California. The 52 springs were designated Orange County Historic Landmark No. 38 in 1989.

Cleveland National Forest
Cleveland National Forest is a U.S. national forest in Southern California that encompasses 460,000 acres/720 mi2 (1,900 km2) of inland montane regions. It is approximately 60 miles (97 km) from the Pacific Ocean, within the counties of San Diego, Riverside, and Orange. The landscape varies somewhat, with mostly chaparral canyons, arroyos and high desert, but dotted with meadows and oak and conifer forests. Near water sources, riparian environments and perennial aquatic plants attract native and migratory wildlife, such as at San Diego's man-made Lake Cuyamaca. A generally warm and dry, inland-Mediterranean climate prevails over the Forest, with the cooler months producing morning frost and snowfall (in the higher elevations). It is the southernmost U.S. National Forest of California. The area is administered by the U.S. Forest Service, a government agency within the United States Department of Agriculture, and is locally overseen by the Descanso, Palomar and Trabuco Ranger Districts.
Mariscal Sucre
Club Mariscal Sucre de Deportes, commonly known as Mariscal Sucre, is a Peruvian football club, located in the city of La Victoria, Lima. The club was founded with the name of Sucre FC and was promoted to Peruvian Primera División in 1933, later was renamed Mariscal Sucre de Deportes in 1951.  The club participates in the Liga Distrital de La Victoria, the 7th tier of the Peruvian football league system.

Ligas Distritales del Peru
The Ligas Distritales del Peru are the Peruvian football lower divisions. They are administered by the Local Federations. The level immediately above are the Ligas Provinciales del Peru (Copa Perú).

The District Football Leagues of Peru are part of the Copa Perú. The district champions and runners-up advance to the Provincial Stage, where teams from the same province compete to be crowned provincial champions and runners-up. They then progress to the Departmental Tournaments, in which the qualified teams from each province face other teams from the same department to determine the departmental champion and runner-up. From there, they advance to the National Stage, where teams from all over Peru compete. The Copa Perú champion is promoted to the Liga 2, while the runner-up is promoted to the Liga 2 or Liga 3.

The following is a list of notable district football leagues in Peru sorted by region.
East Bunbury, Western Australia
East Bunbury is an inner southeastern suburb of Bunbury, Western Australia 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the centre of Bunbury. It is located within the local government area of the City of Bunbury.

It is the location of the Bunbury Passenger Terminal, the current terminus for the South Western Railway and the Australind  railway service.

Australind (train)
The Australind is a currently suspended rural passenger train service in Western Australia operated by Transwa on the South Western Railway between Perth and Bunbury.

The service was suspended in November 2023 due to the shutdown of the Armadale line for upgrading and the retirement of rolling stock. The route will be temporarily replaced by coach bus services until early 2026.
Encephalomalacia
Cerebral softening, also known as encephalomalacia, is a localized softening of the substance of the brain, due to bleeding or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the disease progress, are known respectively as red, yellow, and white softening.

Bleeding
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss, is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. Bleeding can occur internally, or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth, nose, ear, urethra, vagina, or anus, or through a puncture in the skin.
Hypovolemia is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood is referred to as exsanguination. Typically, a healthy person can endure a loss of 10–15% of the total blood volume without serious medical difficulties (by comparison, blood donation typically takes 8–10% of the donor's blood volume). The stopping or controlling of bleeding is called hemostasis and is an important part of both first aid and surgery.
British Bangladeshi Power & Inspiration 100
British Bangladeshi Power & Inspiration 100 (previously known as British Bangladeshi Power 100 and often abbreviated as BBPower100) is an annual publication listing the 100 leading British Bangladeshi figures. It was established in 2012 and also holds an annual launch ceremony in London, England.

British Bangladeshis
British Bangladeshis (Bengali: বিলাতী বাংলাদেশী, romanized: Bilatī Bangladeshī) are citizens or residents of the United Kingdom whose ancestral roots are from Bangladesh. Bengali Muslims have prominently been migrating to the UK since World War II. Migration reached its peak during the 1970s, with most originating from the Sylhet Division. The largest concentration live in east London boroughs, such as Tower Hamlets. This large diaspora in London leads people in Sylhet to refer to British Bangladeshis as Londonis (Bengali: লন্ডনী).
Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park, Hisar
The Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park, Hisar, named after the shatavar herb, is a 125-acre herbal park for the conservation of several endangered ayurvedic medicinal herbs. It is located on Hisar-Dhansu road, which runs off 'Hisar-Barwala NH-52', in Hisar city of Haryana state in India.

The Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park is located 1 km northeast of Deer Park, both located on the 'Hisar-Dhansu link road' are run by the Forests Department of Government of Haryana. Vatika is 6 km away from Hisar Bus Stand and 7 km away from Hisar Railway Station.

Hisar Airport and Blue Bird Lake are also nearby.

Asparagus racemosus
Asparagus racemosus (shatavari, asparagus fern) is a species of asparagus native from Africa through southern Asia, including the Indian subcontinent, to northern Australia. It grows 1–2 m (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in) tall and prefers to take root in gravelly, rocky soils high up in piedmont plains, at 1,300–1,400 m (4,300–4,600 ft) elevation. It was botanically described in 1799.
Shanghai Drug Abuse Treatment Centre
The Shanghai Drug Abuse Treatment Centre, or SDATC (simplified Chinese: 上海市自愿戒毒医疗康复中心; traditional Chinese: 上海市自願戒毒醫療康復中心; pinyin: Shànghǎishì Zìyuàn Jièdú Yīliáo Kāngfù  Zhōngxīn), is a governmental organization providing drug abuse treatment and rehabilitation services in Shanghai, China. SDATC is the only government-supported centre in Shanghai and was established in 1997 on the approval of Shanghai Narcotic Control Commission and Shanghai Public Health Bureau.

SDATC is one of the departments of Shanghai Mental Health Center (SMHC), which is one of the largest and more comprehensive mental health institutions in China. SMHC has multi-functions including prevention, clinical, teaching and training, research, supervision, etc.

Drug rehabilitation
Drug rehabilitation is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cannabis, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines. The general intent is to enable the patient to confront substance dependence, if present, and stop substance misuse to avoid the psychological, legal, financial, social, and medical consequences that can be caused.

Treatment includes medication for comorbidities, counseling by experts, and sharing of experience with other recovering individuals.
Alexander Scott Withers
Alexander Scott Withers (12 October 1792, near Warrenton, Virginia – 23 January 1865, near Parkersburg, West Virginia) was a Virginia lawyer, planter, magistrate, teacher and delegate to the First Wheeling Convention (1861) establishing the state of West Virginia. He is celebrated as the author of Chronicles of Border Warfare (1831), a history of (and important primary source on) the early white settlement of western Virginia and consequent conflicts with American Indians.

Warrenton, Virginia
Warrenton is a town in Fauquier County, Virginia, United States. It is the county seat. The population was 10,057 as of the 2020 census, an increase from 9,611 at the 2010 census and 6,670 at the 2000 census. The estimated population in July 2021 was 10,109. It is at the junction of U.S. Route 15, U.S. Route 17, U.S. Route 29, and U.S. Route 211. The town is in the Piedmont region of Virginia just east of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The well-known Airlie Conference Center is 3 miles (5 km) north of Warrenton, and the historic Vint Hill Farms military facility is 9 miles (14 km) east. Fauquier Hospital is located in the town. Surrounded by Virginia wine and horse country, Warrenton is a popular destination outside Washington, D.C.

Warrenton shares some services with the county, such as schools and the county landfill. The area was home to Bethel Military Academy.
Khin Shwe
H.E. Dr. Khin Shwe (Burmese: ခင်ရွှေ; born 21 January 1952) Burmese business tycoon who developed the company from a SME Construction company into one of the leading local property company and positioned Zaykabar Company Limited as holding company for many of its subsidiaries which involves Property Development, Hotel & Tourism, Banking & Investment, Industrial, Road Development, Trading, Media and Technology sectors. He served as a Member of parliament in the House of Nationalities for Yangon Region № 9 constituency from 2011 to 2016 and was later expelled from the USDP as he was close to Aung San Suu Kyi. He is the chairman of Zaykabar Construction, one of the country's largest construction companies. He also serves as chairman for the National Development Group of Companies, Myanmar Tourism Board and the Myanmar Construction Entrepreneurs Association.

Union Solidarity and Development Party
The Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP; Burmese: ပြည်ထောင်စုကြံ့ခိုင်ရေးနှင့် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေးပါတီ, romanized: pyihtaunghcukyaanhkinerayynhang hpwanhpyaoerayyparte) is an ultranationalist, pro-military political party in Myanmar. Alongside the National League for Democracy, it is one of Myanmar's two principal national parties.

USDP is the successor to the former ruling military junta's mass organisation, the Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA), and serves as the electoral proxy of the Tatmadaw (military), which operates as a state within a state. Many of its political candidates and leadership are retired generals. It supports authoritarian military leadership. USDP was founded by Prime Minister Thein Sein to contest the 2010 Myanmar general election; the party was headed by Sein until 2013. Since 2022, it has been led by Khin Yi, who was installed as a loyalist of military leader Min Aung Hlaing.