hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claudine Picardet
Claudine Picardet (born Poullet, later  Guyton de Morveau) (7 August 1735 – 4 October 1820) was a French chemist, mineralogist, meteorologist and scientific translator. Among the French chemists of the late eighteenth century she stands out for her extensive translations of scientific literature from Swedish, English, German and Italian to French. She translated three books and thousands of pages of scientific papers, which were published as well as circulated in manuscript form. She hosted renowned scientific and literary salons in Dijon and Paris, and was an active participant in the collection of meteorological data. She helped to establish Dijon and Paris as scientific centers, substantially contributing to the spread of scientific knowledge during a critical period in the chemical revolution.

Chemical revolution
In the history of chemistry, the chemical revolution, also called the first chemical revolution, was the reformulation of chemistry during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, which culminated in the law of conservation of mass and the oxygen theory of combustion.

During the 19th and 20th century, this transformation was credited to  the work of the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier (the "father of modern chemistry"). However, recent work on the history of early modern chemistry considers the chemical revolution to consist of gradual changes in chemical theory and practice that emerged over a period of two centuries.  The so-called Scientific Revolution took place during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries whereas the chemical revolution took place during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Led Zeppelin North American Tour 1975
Led Zeppelin's 1975 North American Tour was the tenth concert tour of North America by the English rock band. The tour was divided into two legs, with performances commencing on 18 January and concluding on 27 March 1975. It was preceded with two European warm-up shows, performed at Rotterdam and Brussels respectively.

Led Zeppelin North American Tour 1973
Led Zeppelin's 1973 North American Tour was the ninth concert tour of North America by the English rock band. The tour was divided into two legs, with performances commencing on 4 May and concluding on 29 July 1973. Rehearsals took place at Old Street Film Studios in London.
Fungiculture
Fungiculture is the cultivation of fungi such as mushrooms. Cultivating fungi can yield foods (which include mostly mushrooms), medicine, construction materials and other products. A mushroom farm is involved in the business of growing fungi.

The word is also commonly used to refer to the practice of cultivation of fungi by animals such as leafcutter ants, termites, ambrosia beetles, and marsh periwinkles.

Shiitake
The shiitake, (/ʃɪˈtɑːkeɪ, ˌʃiːɪ-, -ki/; Japanese: [ɕiꜜːtake] ⓘ Chinese, or black mushroom, Lentinula edodes) is a macrofungus native to East Asia and mainland Southeast Asia, which is cultivated and consumed around the globe.
Arctic roll
An Arctic roll is a British ice cream cake made of vanilla ice cream wrapped in a thin layer of sponge cake to form a roll, with a layer of raspberry flavoured sauce between the sponge and the ice cream.

Swiss roll
A Swiss roll, jelly roll (United States), roll cake, cream roll, roulade, Swiss log, swiss cake, or jam roll or sponge roll (Australia), is a type of rolled sponge cake filled with whipped cream, jam, icing, or any type of filling. The origins of the term are unclear; in spite of the name "Swiss roll", the cake is believed to have originated elsewhere in Central Europe, possibly Austria or Slovenia. It appears to have been invented in the nineteenth century, as were Battenberg cake, doughnuts, and Victoria sponge. In the U.S., commercial snack-sized versions of the cake are sold with the brand names Ho Hos, Yodels, Swiss Cake Rolls, and others. A type of roll cake called Yule log is traditionally served at Christmas.

The spiral shape of the Swiss roll has inspired usage as a descriptive term in other fields, such as the jelly roll fold, a protein fold, the "Swiss roll" metamaterial in optics, and the term jelly roll in science, quilting and other fields.
Lavinia Dock
Lavinia Lloyd Dock (February 26, 1858 – April 17, 1956) was an American nurse, feminist, writer, pioneer in nursing education and social activist. Dock was an assistant superintendent at Johns Hopkins School of Nursing under Isabel Hampton Robb. She founded what would become the National League for Nursing with Robb and Mary Adelaide Nutting. Dock was a contributing editor to the American Journal of Nursing and authored several books, including a four-volume history of nursing (with M. Adelaide Nutting as co-author) and Materia Medica for Nurses, the nurse's standard manual of drugs for many years. In her later life, she also campaigned for social reform, particularly women's rights.

Johns Hopkins School of Nursing
The Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing is the nursing school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Established in 1889, it is one of the nation's oldest schools for nursing education.
Shane Lundgren
Shane Christopher Lundgren (born March 21, 1961) is an American aviator and business executive. He is the founder and CEO of Metolius Aviation Capital, a private aircraft investment firm. His career has included work in commercial aviation and aircraft leasing.

Lundgren is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and a member of the Explorers Club. He has led several aviation-focused expeditions.

The Explorers Club
The Explorers Club is an American-based international multidisciplinary professional society with the goal of promoting scientific exploration and field study. The club was founded in New York City in 1904 and has served as a meeting point for explorers and scientists worldwide.

The Explorers Club hosts an annual dinner to honor accomplishments in exploration, which is known for its adventurous, exotic cuisine.

In 2023, the club reported total revenue of $5,352,688 and total assets of $17,108,895. In 2023 it also reported total giving of $750,479.
KMB Routes 290 and 290A
Air-Conditioned New Territories Route No. 290 and 290A are Hong Kong bus routes operated by Kowloon Motor Bus. 290 travels between Tseung Kwan O Hospital in northern Hang Hau and Tsuen Wan West station; 290A travels between Choi Ming Estate in Tseung Kwan O and Tsuen Wan West Station

Routeings of the two routes are roughly the same, except for sections within the neighbourhoods of Sau Mau Ping and Sze Shun in Kwun Tong District, New Kowloon. Route 290 passes through without any stops in these neighbourhoods, while 290A calls at various stops along the way.

Hang Hau
Hang Hau (Chinese: 坑口) is a residential area in Tseung Kwan O, Sai Kung, New Territories, Hong Kong. It is located at the eastern edge of the Tseung Kwan O New Town. Most of the land was reclaimed from Hang Hau Village and Shui Bin Village (水邊村).
Visidela
Visidela (The Fishing Net) (Sinhala: විසිදෑල) is a 1997 Sri Lankan Sinhala drama romance film directed by H. D. Premaratne and produced by Soma Edirisinghe for EAP Films. It stars W. Jayasiri and Anusha Sonali in lead roles along with Jackson Anthony and Daya Thennakoon. Music composed by Rohana Weerasinghe. It is the 887th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.

Jackson Anthony
Conganige Joseph Malsi Jackson Anthony (as ජැක්සන් ඇන්තනී; 8 July 1958 – 9 October 2023), commonly known as Jackson Anthony, was a Sri Lankan actor in film, theatre and television. He was referred as Sakalakala Sakwithi in Sinhala cinema 'King of All Arts', Also considered one of the greatest actors in Sinhala cinema  One of the most popular artists in Sri Lanka, Anthony won the award for the Best Actor a record sixteen times. Primarily active as an actor in all three media, he appeared before the public in versatile forms; director, producer, singer, screenwriter, television host, novelist, columnist, lyricist, historian and traveller.
Rana Muhammad Iqbal Khan
Rana Muhammad Iqbal Khan is a Pakistani politician who is the current Provincial Minister of Law of Punjab. He had also been the Speaker of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from 2008 to May 2018. He had been a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, from 1993 to 1999, again from 2008 to May 2018 and again from August 2018 till January 2023. He has served as acting Governor of Punjab numerous times between 2008 and 2015. On 13th October 2025, he took oath as Provincial Minister of Law of Punjab.

Provincial Assembly of the Punjab
The Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, also known as the Punjab Assembly, is the supreme legislative body of Punjab, a province of Pakistan. It convenes at the Assembly Building in Lahore, the capital of Punjab. It is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives; and was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 371 seats, with 297 general seats, 66 seats reserved for women and 8 reserved for non-Muslims.
2011 Lorca earthquake
The 2011 Lorca earthquake (Spanish: Terremoto de Lorca de 2011) was a moderate 5.1 Mw earthquake that occurred 6:47 p.m. CEST (16:47 UTC) on 11 May 2011, near the town of Lorca, causing significant localized damage in the Region of Murcia, Spain, and panic among locals, and displacing many from their homes. The quake was preceded by a magnitude 4.4 (Mw) foreshock at 17:05 (15:05 UTC), that inflicted substantial damage to many older structures in the area, including the historical Espolón Tower of Lorca Castle, the Hermitage of San Clemente and the Convent of Virgen de Las Huertas. Three people were killed by a falling cornice. A total of nine deaths have been confirmed, while dozens are reported injured. The earthquake was the worst to hit the region since a 5.0 Mw tremor struck west of Albolote, Granada in 1956.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
Carl Milliken
Carl Elias Milliken (July 13, 1877 – May 1, 1961) was an American politician, and business executive. He served as the 51st governor of Maine from 1917-1921, coinciding with United States direct involvement in World War I. He was later the chief spokesman for the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).

Governor of Maine
The governor of Maine is the head of government of the U.S. state of Maine. Before Maine was admitted to the Union in 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts and the governor of Massachusetts was chief executive.

The current governor of Maine is Janet Mills, a Democrat, who took office January 2, 2019.

The governor of Maine receives a salary of $70,000, which is the lowest salary out of all 50 state governors, as of 2022. This will be raised to $125,000 upon a new governor taking office in 2026, per a bill passed in 2025, as the Maine Constitution prohibits changing the salary of the sitting governor.
E postcode area
The E (Eastern) postcode area, also known as the London E postcode area, is the part of the London post town covering much of east London, England. It borders the N postcode area to the west, both north of the tidal reach of the River Thames. Since closure of the East London mail centre, its mail is sorted at Romford Mail Centre together with IG and RM postcode areas.

East London
East London is the part of London, England, east of the ancient City of London and north of the River Thames as it begins to widen. East London developed as London's docklands and the primary industrial centre. The expansion of railways in the 19th century encouraged the eastward expansion of the East End of London and a proliferation of new suburbs. The industrial lands of East London are today an area of regeneration, which are well advanced in places such as Canary Wharf and ongoing elsewhere.
Walter Cartier
Walter Cartier (March 29, 1922 – August 17, 1995) was an American professional boxer and actor, born and raised in the Bronx in New York City, New York. He was of Irish ancestry, and his grandfather had changed the family surname from McCarthy.

Cartier became a professional boxer after World War II and fought against four world champions, among other top fighters. In early 1949, he was featured in the first of a photo essay about prizefighters for Look magazine by Stanley Kubrick, then on staff. Two years later, Kubrick used Cartier and his twin brother Vincent in his debut film as a director, the 16-minute Day of the Fight (1951). This was a catalyst for Cartier's entry into acting in films and television. He is best known today for his role in the long-running United States sitcom The Phil Silvers Show, appearing as Private Claude Dillingham.

Look (American magazine)
Look was a biweekly, general-interest magazine published in Des Moines, Iowa, from 1937 to 1971, with editorial offices in New York City. It had an emphasis on photographs and photojournalism in addition to human interest and lifestyle articles. It published many important articles about racial injustice and the civil rights movement. A large-sized magazine of 11 in × 14 in (280 mm × 360 mm), it was a direct competitor to market leader Life. Look ceased publication in 1971.
Jay Denny
Jay Denny (born January 6, 1986) is an American soccer player.

A midfielder, Denny began his career with Stoke City but never appeared for the first team. He made 14 appearances in the Football League for Shrewsbury Town. He then moved into non-League football and played for Nuneaton Borough, Brackley Town, Halesowen Town, Leamington, Halesowen Town, Hednesford Town and Worcester City before joining Solihull Moors in 2012.

In international football, Denny played for the United States at under-17 and under-20 level.

Hednesford Town F.C.
Hednesford Town Football Club is a football club based in Hednesford, Staffordshire, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division and play at Keys Park. They won the FA Trophy in 2004.
Angerton railway station
Angerton was a railway station serving the village of Low Angerton in Northumberland, Northern England. It was located on the Wansbeck Railway, which diverged from the East Coast Main Line at Morpeth and joined the Border Counties Railway at Reedsmouth Junction.

Reedsmouth railway station
Reedsmouth is a closed railway station in Northumberland, England. It was a junction station where the Wansbeck Railway (Morpeth to Reedsmouth) joined the Border Counties Railway (Hexham to Riccarton Junction). It served the village of Redesmouth, which is spelled differently.

The station was opened in November 1864. It was closed to passengers in October 1956, but remained open for goods trains and public excursions until November 11, 1963. Today, the station can be visited on foot by going into the hamlet of Redesmouth, through the kissing gate and following the footpath signs towards Countess Park. Furthermore, there are old photos and relics to be found at Bellingham Heritage Centre and at the Carriages Tea Room which, as the name suggests, is situated in a restored railway carriage in the Heritage Centre car park.
Amanda Ngandu-Ntumba
Amanda Ngandu-Ntumba (born 24 June 2000) is a French discus thrower and shot putter, who has won multiple national championships. She came third in the discus throw events at the 2019 European Athletics U20 Championships and the 2021 European Athletics U23 Championships. She also won multiple medals in under-23 events at the 2021 European Throwing Cup.

2021 European Athletics U23 Championships
The 2021 European Athletics U23 Championships were the 13th edition of the biennial athletics competition between European athletes under the age of twenty-three. It was planned to be held in Bergen, Norway from 8 to 11 July., but this venue was cancelled for Covid pandemic reasons.  Initially it was intended that the event would be postponed and held in another venue after the 2020 Olympic Games. Eventually the original dates were retained, and Tallinn, Estonia was chosen as the venue. This meant that Tallinn hosted two age-group championships in successive weeks: after the European Athletics U23 Championships, the Kadriorg Stadium also hosted between 15 and 18 July the European Athletics U20 Championships. For the first time in 13 editions, Italian team topped the medal table.
2017 Tour de Langkawi
The 2017 Tour de Langkawi was the 22nd edition of an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Malaysia since 1996. The race was run at the highest category apart from those races which make up the UCI World Tour, and was rated by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) as a 2.HC (hors category) race as part of the 2017 UCI Asia Tour.

The race was won by South African rider Ryan Gibbons for Team Dimension Data, taking the first professional wins of his career. He won the race by 33 seconds ahead of Australia's Cameron Bayly (IsoWhey Sports SwissWellness), while the podium was completed by Italian rider Alberto Cecchin, a further two seconds behind for the Wilier Triestina–Selle Italia squad.

Team Qhubeka NextHash
Team Qhubeka (UCI team code: TQA) was a UCI WorldTeam based in South Africa. The team rode to raise awareness and funds for Qhubeka, a South African not-for-profit organisation. The team was founded in 2007 and was the first-ever African team to ride the Tour de France (2015).
Altcar Rifle Range railway station
Altcar Rifle Range railway station was a railway station on the Liverpool, Crosby and Southport Railway, situated a third of a mile north of Hightown, Merseyside. The station served the nearby Altcar Rifle Range.

Hightown, Merseyside
Hightown is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton in Merseyside, England, located midway between the city of Liverpool and the coastal resort of Southport. It is 8 mi (13 km) north of Liverpool city centre and is located on the coast near the boundary of the Mersey Estuary and Liverpool Bay. The River Alt joins the sea at this point and forms an estuary. There is a pumping station on the River Alt at Altmouth, built 1972, as part of a programme to alleviate flooding in the area. This is on the Altcar Rifle Range, a Territorial Army base originally established in 1860 by Lt. Col. Gladstone.

The village is featured in 'Lancashire Life' magazine, May 2004 'Tales of the sea at Hightown, near Southport' pp. 150–154
by Harold Brough, photographs by John Cocks.
Si Renfa
Si Renfa (?–1446; Chinese: 思任發; Tai Nüa: ᥔᥫᥴ ᥕᥪᥢ ᥜᥣᥳ), was the ruler of Möng Mao from 1413 to 1442. During his reign, he repeatedly attempted to recover Möng Mao's former territory from the Ming dynasty, ultimately leading to the Luchuan–Pingmian Campaigns and the fall of Möng Mao.

Tai Nuea language
Tai Nuea or Tai Nüa (ᥖᥭᥰ ᥘᥫᥴ, pronounced [tai˥.lə˧˥] (Mangshi) or ᥖᥭᥰ ᥢᥫᥴ, [tɑi˥˧.nə˥] (Menglian); Chinese: 傣那语; pinyin: Dǎinàyǔ; တဲးနိူဝ်, တႆးၼိူဝ်; Burmese: တိုင်းနေ; Thai: ภาษาไทเหนือ, pronounced [pʰāːsǎː tʰāj nɯ̌a]), also called Dehong Tai (Chinese: 德宏傣语; pinyin: Déhóng Dǎiyǔ; Thai: ภาษาไทใต้คง, pronounced [pʰāːsǎː tʰāj tâːj.kʰōŋ]) and Chinese Shan, is one of the languages spoken by the Dai people in China, especially in the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture in the southwest of Yunnan Province. It is closely related to the other Tai languages and could be considered a dialect of Shan. It should not be confused with Tai Lü (Xishuangbanna Dai).
Unnai Naan
Unnai Naan is a 2008 Indian Tamil language romantic drama film produced and directed by Senthilnathan. The film stars newcomers Viinu and Naash, with Manobala, Sulakshana, Vennira Aadai Moorthy, T. P. Gajendran, Abhinayashree, Bhuvaneswari, Suja Varunee and Shakeela playing supporting roles. The film was released on 8 August 2008.

Manobala
Balachandar (8 December 1953 – 3 May 2023), known by his stage name Manobala (/mənoʊbɑːlɑː/), was an Indian actor, film producer, director, comedian, and YouTuber who predominantly played supporting roles in Tamil-language films. He worked predominantly in the film industry for nearly forty years and was notable for his unique body language and dialogue delivery and was also well known for his intonation.
Berwick Bassett
Berwick Bassett is a small village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Marlborough and 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Swindon. The village is on the west bank of a headstream of the River Kennet and close to the A4361 road, formerly the A361, which links Devizes and Avebury with Wroughton and Swindon.

River Kennet
The Kennet is a tributary of the River Thames in Southern England. Most of the river is straddled by the North Wessex Downs AONB (Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty). The lower reaches have been made navigable as the Kennet Navigation, which – together with the Avon Navigation, the Kennet and Avon Canal and the Thames – links the cities of Bristol and London.

The length from near its sources west of Marlborough, Wiltshire down to Woolhampton, Berkshire is a 111.1-hectare (275-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). This is primarily from an array of rare plants and animals completely endemic to chalky watercourses.

When Wiltshire had second-tier local authorities, one, Kennet District, took the name of the river.
Mutula Kilonzo Jnr
Junior Mutula Kilonzo (born 23 October 1975)  is a Kenyan politician and lawyer and the current Governor of Makueni County. He is a member and chair of the Wiper Democratic Movement, and was elected as the second Senator of Makueni County in a by-election in July 2013, after the demise of his father Mutula Kilonzo. Serving as the second Governor for Makueni County since  August 2022, he is married to Anita Mutula and they have two children.

Wiper Patriotic Front
The Wiper Patriotic Front (WPF), until 2025 known as the Wiper Democratic Movement–Kenya (WDM), and originally called the Orange Democratic Movement–Kenya (ODM–Kenya), is a political party in Kenya, which originated as a result of the 2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum. The party tends to be more popular among the Kamba people. It is headed by Kalonzo Musyoka, who ran for president in 2007 and served as the vice-president in the Grand Coalition of Mwai Kibaki and Raila Odinga. WPF is now a member of the main opposition Azimio La Umoja coalition.
Stephen Colbert's AmeriCone Dream
Stephen Colbert's AmeriCone Dream is a Ben & Jerry's ice cream flavor composed of vanilla with fudge-covered waffle cone pieces and a caramel swirl. The ice cream was officially introduced on February 14, 2007, inspired by Stephen Colbert, host of the CBS television show The Late Show, and the fictionalized version of him who served as host of The Colbert Report on Comedy Central. The same flavor became available in Canada as "Oh Cone-ada" in 2010.

Colbert donates the proceeds from the sale of AmeriCone Dream to charity through The Stephen Colbert AmeriCone Dream Fund. The Fund supports charities of concern to Colbert and The Late Show staff, such as food and medical assistance for disadvantaged children, helping veterans and their families, and environmental causes.

Ice cream cone
An ice cream cone or  poke (Northern Ireland) is a brittle, cone-shaped pastry, usually made of a wafer similar in texture to a waffle, made so ice cream can be carried and eaten without a bowl or spoon. Many styles of cones are made, including pretzel cones, sugar-coated and chocolate-coated cones (coated on the inside and outside). The term ice cream cone can also refer, informally, to the cone with one or more scoops of ice cream on top.

There are two techniques for making cones: one is by baking them flat and then quickly rolling them into shape (before they harden), the other is by baking them inside a cone-shaped mold.