hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tibet Mineral Development
Tibet Mineral Development Company Limited, known as Tibet Mining (Chinese: 西藏矿业, SZSE: 000762), is a partly state-owned enterprise engaged in the exploration, mining, processing, and sales of non-ferrous mineral resources in the Tibet Autonomous Region. The company focuses on chromium, copper, and increasingly lithium resources. It operates under the control of China Baowu Iron & Steel Group, one of the largest state-owned steel companies in China.

Shenzhen Stock Exchange
The Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) is a stock exchange based in the city of Shenzhen, in the People's Republic of China. It is one of three stock exchanges operating independently in Mainland China, the others being the Beijing Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It is situated in the Futian district of Shenzhen. The SZSE is the world's 6th largest stock exchange with a market capitalization exceeding US$4.4 trillion in July 2024.
Ocular prosthesis
An ocular prosthesis, artificial eye or glass eye is a type of craniofacial prosthesis that replaces an absent natural eye following an enucleation, evisceration, or orbital exenteration. Someone with an ocular prosthesis is altogether blind on the affected side and has monocular (one sided) vision.

The prosthesis fits over an orbital implant and under the eyelids. The ocular prosthesis roughly takes the shape of a convex shell and is made of medical grade acrylic plastic. A few ocular prostheses today are made of cryolite glass. A variant of the ocular prosthesis is a very thin hard shell known as a scleral shell which can be worn over a damaged or eviscerated eye. Makers of ocular prosthetics are known as ocularists. Ocularists are surprisingly rare: as of 2025, there were fewer than 200 certified practitioners in the United States, and only around three dozen in India.

Visual prosthesis are currently in research which could provide vision to the artificial eye.

Sclera
The sclera, also known as the white of the eye or, in older literature, as the tunica albuginea oculi, is the opaque, fibrous, protective outer layer of the eye containing mainly collagen and some crucial elastic fiber.

In the development of the embryo, the sclera is derived from the neural crest. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. People with dark skin can have naturally darkened sclerae, the result of melanin pigmentation.

In humans, and some other vertebrates, the whole sclera is white or pale, contrasting with the coloured iris.
Lipstick effect
The lipstick effect is the hypothesis that when facing an economic crisis, consumers will be more willing to buy less costly luxury goods. The concept was publicized in 2008 when Leonard Lauder said that he noted his company's sales of lipstick rose after the 2001 terrorist attacks. The lipstick index is an indicator derived from this hypothetical effect and first was used to describe increased sales of cosmetics during the early 2000s recession. Analysis and subsequent recessions have provided evidence controverting Lauder's claims, though related indices have been proposed for other cosmetics, including nail polish and mascara.

Nail polish
Nail polish (also known as nail varnish in British English or nail enamel) is a lacquer that can be applied to the human fingernails or toenails to decorate and protect the nail plates. The formula has been revised repeatedly to enhance its decorative properties, to be safer for the consumer to use, and to suppress cracking or peeling. Nail polish consists of a mix of an organic polymer and several other components that give it colors and textures. Nail polishes come in all color shades and play a significant part in manicures and pedicures.
E. Paul Waggoner
Edward Paul Waggoner (April 9, 1889 – March 3, 1967), born in Decatur, Texas, was an American rancher, and one of the three original heirs to the W.T. Waggoner Estate in North Texas.  After forming the estate, Tom Waggoner appointed his three children, E. Paul, Guy and Electra, to the board of directors. He was inducted into the American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame posthumously, in 1991.

American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame
The American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame and Museum was created by the American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA), based in Amarillo, Texas. Ground breaking construction of the Hall of Fame Museum began in 1989. The distinction is earned by people and horses who have contributed to the growth of the American Quarter Horse and "have been outstanding over a period of years in a variety of categories". In 1982, Bob Denhardt and Ernest Browning were the first individuals to receive the honor of being inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame. In 1989, Wimpy P-1, King P-234, Leo and Three Bars were the first horses inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame.
Gem State Dam
Gem State Dam is a concrete and rock-fill gravity dam on the Snake River, in the U.S. state of Idaho. Its location is near Idaho Falls, Idaho. The dam's primary purpose is to generate hydroelectricity, but it also provides water for irrigation agriculture.

Gem State Dam is owned and operated by the City of Idaho Falls.

Idaho Falls, Idaho
Idaho Falls is the fourth most populous city in Idaho and the county seat of Bonneville County. It is the state's most populous city outside the Boise metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population of Idaho Falls was 64,818. In the 2010 census, the population of Idaho Falls was 56,813 (2019 estimate: 62,888), with a metro population of 133,265.  As of the 2020 census, the Idaho Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 154,855.

Idaho Falls serves as the commercial, cultural, and healthcare hub for Eastern Idaho, as well as parts of western Wyoming and southern Montana. It is served by the Idaho Falls Regional Airport and is home to the College of Eastern Idaho, Museum of Idaho, Idaho Falls Idaho Temple, and the Idaho Falls Chukars baseball team of the Pioneer League, as well as the Idaho Falls Spud Kings . It is the principal city of the Idaho Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Idaho Falls–Blackfoot-Rexburg, Idaho Combined Statistical Area.
Shadow Creek Ranch
Shadow Creek Ranch is a planned community in Pearland, Texas, United States. Shadow Creek Ranch, which has 3,500 acres (1,400 ha) of space, is west of State Highway 288, south of Beltway 8, and about 10 miles (16 km) from the Texas Medical Center.

Shadow Creek Ranch, the largest planned community in Pearland, is a bedroom community for commuters to Houston. The construction of State Highway 288 led to the development. It has experienced solid population growth due to its proximity to Downtown Houston.

Texas State Highway 288
State Highway 288 (SH 288)  is a north–south highway in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Texas, between I-45 in downtown Houston and Freeport, where it terminates on FM 1495. The route was originally designated by 1939, replacing the southern portion of SH 19.
1871 Iowa Senate election
In the 1871 Iowa State Senate elections, Iowa voters elected state senators to serve in the fourteenth Iowa General Assembly. Elections were held in 34 of the state senate's 49 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.

The general election took place on October 10, 1871.

Following the previous election, Republicans had control of the Iowa Senate with 43 seats to Democrats' seven seats.

To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 19 Senate seats.

Republicans maintained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1871 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 42 seats and Democrats having eight seats (a net gain of 1 seat for Democrats).

Iowa Senate
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 63,807 per constituency, as of the 2020 United States census. Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.
New York State Route 262
New York State Route 262 (NY 262) is an east–west state highway in Genesee County, New York, in the United States. It extends for 17.03 miles (27.41 km) across mostly rural areas dominated by cultivated fields, connecting NY 63 in the village of Oakfield to NY 19 in the village of Bergen. In between, the two-lane NY 262 serves the village of Elba and the hamlet of Byron, where it meets NY 98 and NY 237. NY 262 is situated several miles north of the New York State Thruway (Interstate 90 or I-90) and follows a routing parallel to that of the Thruway. The route was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York to a more northerly routing between Elba and Byron, but gradually moved onto its current Oakfield–Bergen alignment through a series of changes in the following decades.

1930 state highway renumbering (New York)
In January 1930, the U.S. state of New York implemented a major renumbering of its state highways. Many previously existing numbered routes were renumbered or realigned. At the same time, many state highways that were previously unnumbered received designations. Most of the highways with numbers in the 100s to 300s were assigned at this time.  Route numbers were assigned in clusters based on their general location.  Because some of these route numbers are no longer in use, the pattern of clusters is not fully apparent today.

Before 1930, the route numbering system in place had its origins in the 1920s. At the time, New York only assigned numbers to a small subset of its state highways.  Route numbers spanned from 1–80, with routes running primarily north–south having even numbers and routes generally running east–west having odd numbers. This scheme was abandoned with the advent of the U.S. Highway System in 1927. Some renumbering was done in 1927 to avoid overlapping route numbers.
Herman Waldmann
Herman Waldmann FRS FMedSci (born 27 February 1945) is a British immunologist known for his work on therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. As of 2013, he is Emeritus Professor of Pathology at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at the University of Oxford.

Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom)
The Academy of Medical Sciences is an organisation established in the UK in 1998. It is one of the four UK National Academies, the others being the British Academy, the Royal Academy of Engineering and the Royal Society.

Its mission is to advance biomedical and health research and its translation into benefits for society. The Academy consists of a group of around 1,400 Fellows elected from fields across the biomedical sciences. The Academy seeks ultimately to advance medical science and improve health by investing in talented researchers, engaging people on health-related issues and providing expert impartial advice. As of April 2024 its president is Professor Andrew Morris CBE FRSE PMedSci, and Vice President is Shakila Thangaratinam.
Pholidosaurus
Pholidosaurus is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodylomorph. It is the type genus of the family Pholidosauridae. Fossils have been found in northwestern Germany. The genus is known to have existed during the Berriasian-Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous. Fossil material found from the Annero and Jydegård Formations in  Skåne, Sweden and on the island of Bornholm, Denmark, have been referred to as a mesoeucrocodylian, and possibly represent the genus Pholidosaurus.

Goniopholis
Goniopholis (meaning "angled scale") is an extinct genus of goniopholidid crocodyliform that lived in Europe and North America during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Like other goniopholidids, it resembled living crocodilians, and probably had a similar ecology as semi-aquatic ambush predators.
Australia's Got Talent season 4
Australia's Got Talent is an Australian reality television show, based on the original UK series, to find new talent. The fourth season premiered on the Seven Network on 13 April 2010 and ended on 15 June 2010. Radio DJ Kyle Sandilands and Irish singer Brian McFadden joined the judging panel as replacements for Tom Burlinson and Red Symons. Auditions took place throughout February 2010 and were held in the five major cities across Australia. The live shows began on 11 May 2010 and ended on 15 June 2010, where dance troupe Justice Crew were crowned the winners of the fourth season of Australia's Got Talent. They were awarded a prize of $250,000. Runner-up Cameron Henderson was awarded a runner-up prize of performing at the 2010 AFL Grand Final.

Red Symons
Redmond Symons (born 13 June 1949) is an Australian musician and television and radio personality. He was the lead guitarist in the band Skyhooks, the snide judge of 'Red Faces' (a segment of the long-running variety show Hey Hey It's Saturday) and a judge on talent search show Australia's Got Talent. He hosted ABC Radio Melbourne's breakfast show from 2003 until 2017.
Netwide Assembler
The Netwide Assembler (NASM) is an assembler and disassembler for the Intel x86 architecture. It can be used to write 16-bit, 32-bit (IA-32) and 64-bit (x86-64) programs. It is considered one of the most popular assemblers for Linux and x86 chips.

It was originally written by Simon Tatham with assistance from Julian Hall. As of 2016, it is maintained by a small team led by H. Peter Anvin. It is open-source software released under the terms of a simplified (2-clause) BSD license.

BSD licenses
BSD licenses are a family of permissive free software licenses, imposing minimal restrictions on the use and distribution of covered software. This is in contrast to copyleft licenses, which have share-alike requirements. The original BSD license was used for its namesake, the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a Unix-like operating system. The original version has since been revised, and its descendants are referred to as modified BSD licenses.

BSD is both a license and a class of license (generally referred to as BSD-like). The modified BSD license (in wide use today) is very similar to the license originally used for the BSD version of Unix. The BSD license is a simple license that merely requires that all code retain the BSD license notice if redistributed in source code format, or reproduce the notice if redistributed in binary format. The BSD license (unlike some other licenses e.g. GPL) does not require that source code be distributed at all.
Tendo Dag
Tendo Dag (also spelled: Tindodag) (Pashto: تين دو ډاګ) is an administrative unit, known as Union council or Wards in Tehsil Babuzai, of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

According to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Local Government Act 2013. District Swat has 67 Wards, of which total number of Village Councils is 170, and Neighbourhood Councils is 44.

Tendo Dag is Territorial Wards, which is further divided in two Village Councils:

Gogdara (Village Council)

Tindodag (Village Council)

Babuzai Tehsil
Babuzai is a tehsil in Swat District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Babuzai is named after the local Pashtun tribe of the same name, the Babuzai.

Babuzai is one of Swat District's eight tehsils, each of which comprises a number of union councils. There are 64 union councils in Swat District.

According to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Local Government Act 2013, the Babuzai Tehsil has the two wards: VC Aba khel and VC Bharat khel/
2009 Volta a Catalunya
The 2009 Volta a Catalunya was the 89th edition of the Volta. It took place between 18 May and 24 May, and was part of both the ProTour and the inaugural World Calendar. It began with a short individual time trial in Lloret de Mar and ended in Montmeló at the Circuit de Catalunya.

Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya
The Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya (Catalan pronunciation: [siɾˈkujd də bəɾsəˈlonə kətəˈluɲə]) is a 4.657 km (2.894 mi) motorsport race track in Montmeló, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. With long straights and a variety of corners, the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya is seen as an all-rounder circuit. The track has stands with a capacity of 140,700. The circuit has FIA Grade 1 license.

Until 2013 the track was known only as the Circuit de Catalunya, before a sponsorship deal with Barcelona City Council added Barcelona to the track's title.
Jackson Sousa
Jackson Sousa dos Santos (born January 24, 1990) is a Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) and grappling competitor and instructor. A winner of several major championships in coloured belts, such as IBJJF World Championship, IBJJF European Championship and CBJJ Brazilian Nationals; Sousa is a black belt World No-Gi champion, a 2 x European champion (in Gi and No-Gi) and a 3 x Pan No-Gi champion.

A BJJ black belt under Ricardo Vieira, Sousa has competed at international grappling events, including Absolute Championship Berkut, Polaris Pro Grappling and Metamoris. Souza was considered in 2017 one of CheckMat's most prolific competitors.

Pan IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu No-Gi Championship
Pan IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu No-Gi Championship   is one of the main no-gi Brazilian jiu-jitsu competitions organized by the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation (IBJJF). Held annually since 2007, the tournament is considered one of the most prestigious in the no-gi circuit, attracting elite athletes from around the world. Like the traditional Pan IBJJF (with gi), the Pan No-Gi follows IBJJF rules and is open to competitors of different age divisions and belt ranks.

The event is part of the IBJJF international competition calendar and is important both for ranking points and athlete exposure, especially for those who specialize in no-gi grappling. It is typically held in the United States, often in California, and welcomes both professional and amateur athletes.
Akoko
The Akoko Listenⓘare a large Yoruba cultural sub-group in the Northeastern part of Yorubaland. The area spans from Ondo State to Edo State in southwest Nigeria. The Akokos as a subgroup make up 20.3% of the population of Ondo State, and 5.7% of the population of Edo State. Out of the present 18 Local Government Councils it constitutes four; Akoko North-East, Akoko North-West, Akoko South-East and Akoko South-West, as well as the Akoko Edo LGA of Edo State. The Adekunle Ajasin University, a state owned university with a capacity for about 20,000 tertiary education students and more than 50 departments in seven faculties is located in Akungba-Akoko. A state specialist hospital is situated at Ikare Akoko, while community general hospitals are located in Oka-Akoko, Irun-Akoko and Ipe-Akoko.

Arigidi, a dialect cluster, is spoken in the LGAs of Akoko North East, Akoko North West, Ekiti East, and Ijumu.

Yorubaland
Yorubaland (Yoruba: Ilẹ̀ Káàárọ̀-Oòjíire) is the homeland and cultural region of the Yoruba people in West Africa. It spans the modern-day countries of Nigeria, Benin and Togo, and covers a total land area of 142,114 km2 (54,871 sq mi). Of this land area, 106,016 km2 (74.6%) lies within Nigeria, 18.9% in Benin, and the remaining 6.5% is in Togo. Prior to European colonization, a portion of this area was known as Yoruba country. The geo-cultural space contains an estimated 55 million people, the majority of this population being ethnic Yoruba.
Randy Wayne (biologist)
Randy O. Wayne is an associate professor of plant biology at Cornell University. Along with his former colleague Peter K. Hepler, Wayne established the role of calcium in regulating plant growth. Their 1985 article Calcium and Plant Development was awarded the "Citation Classic" award from Current Contents magazine. They researched how plant cells sense gravity through pressure, the water permeability of plant membranes, light microscopy, as well as the effects of calcium on plant development. Wayne authored two textbooks, including Plant Cell Biology: From Astronomy to Zoology and Light and Video Microscopy.

Attempting to explain photosynthesis and gravitropism, Wayne has developed and promoted a fringe theory of light and gravity based on a concept of "binary photons". This concept is inconsistent with relativity and modern physics as a whole.

Peter K. Hepler
Peter Klock Hepler HonFRMS (born 1936) is the Constantine J. Gilgut and Ray Ethan Torrey Professor Emeritus in the Biology Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst who is notable for his work on elucidating the roles of calcium, membranes and the cytoskeleton in plant cell development and cell motility.
Jia Rui
Jia Rui SLM (Chinese: 贾瑞; pinyin: Jiǎ Ruì; born February 18, 1987), is a retired professional wushu taolu athlete from Macau. He was one of the most dominant wushu taolu athletes of the 2000s and the early 2010s, and won the first gold medal for Macau at the Asian Games.

Silver Lotus Medal of Honour
The Silver Lotus Medal of Honour (Portuguese: Medalha de Honra Lótus de Prata; Chinese: 銀蓮花榮譽勳章; pinyin: Yín liánhuā róngyù xūnzhāng) is the second-highest award under the MSAR honors and awards system which recognizes lifelong and highly significant contributions to the well-being of Macau.
2011–12 UAE Pro League
The 2011–12 UAE Pro League season (known as Etisalat Pro League for sponsorship reasons) was the 37th top-level football season in the UAE, and the fourth Professional season.

Al Jazira were the defending champions, having won their 1st Pro League title in the 2010–11 campaign after being runner-up for three times in a row. Al Dhafra and Ittihad Kalba were relegated from the previous season. Ajman Club and Emirates Club were promoted from the UAE Division 1 Group A. The campaign began on 15 October 2011 and ended on 27 May 2012.

Emirates Club
Emirates Club (Arabic: نادي الإمارات) is a professional football club based in the city of Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates. They play in the UAE Pro League after being promoted from the UAE First Division League. They play their home games at the Emirates Club Stadium.
Kenedy Onyango
Kenedy Vidic Onyango Ouma is a Kenyan defender who features for Kenyan Premier League side Gor Mahia F.C. He formerly turned out for Sony Sugar F.C., Shabana F.C., F.C. Talanta, Nairobi Stima F.C., Nakumatt FC, Posta Rangers F.C., Kakamega Homeboyz F.C., and Nairobi City Stars.

Kakamega Homeboyz F.C.
Kakamega Homeboyz Football Club is a football club from Kakamega, Kenya. They currently play in the Premier League.

In 2013, the club was promoted to the Kenyan Premier League from FKF Division One during the 2012 season.
Coussareeae
Coussareeae are a Neotropical clade of morphologically heterogeneous plants in the subfamily Rubioideae of the coffee
family (Rubiaceae). The tribe encompasses about 330 species assigned to ten genera: Bradea, Coccocypselum, Coussarea,
Cruckshanksia, Declieuxia, Faramea, Heterophyllaea, Hindsia, Oreopolus, and Standleya. Historically, the genera of Coussareeae have rarely been considered closely related, and the widely defined Coussareeae were delimited based on molecular
systematics without proposed morphological synapomorphies.

Hindsia
Hindsia is a genus of about 11 species of shrubs in the family Rubiaceae, native to tropical South America, mainly in 
Brazil. The species Hindsia longiflora and H. violacea were used to separate the genus from Rondeletia. The genus was named in honour of Richard Brinsley Hinds.

Species include:

Hindsia arianeae Di Maio

Hindsia cucullata Di Maio

Hindsia glabra K.Schum.

Hindsia ibitipocensis Di Maio

Hindsia irwinii Steyerm.

Hindsia longiflora (Cham.) Benth. ex Lindl.

Hindsia phyllocalyx K.Schum.

Hindsia ramosissima Gardner

Hindsia republicana Di Maio

Hindsia sessilifolia Di Maio

Hindsia violacea Benth. ex Lindl.