hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tennessee State Route 282
State Route 282 (SR 282), also known as Dunbar Road, is a 3.7-mile-long (6.0 km) secondary state highway in Cumberland County, Tennessee, connecting SR 101 with Lake Tansi Village. SR 282 is the primary road, and only state highway, in and out of Lake Tansi Village.

Lake Tansi Village, Tennessee
Lake Tansi Village (also known as Lake Tansi) is a resort community in Cumberland County, Tennessee, United States, recognized by the U.S. Census as a census-designated place (CDP). The population was 4,629 at the 2020 census.
Bikram Singh (general, born 1911)
Lieutenant General Bikram Singh, PVSM (4 July 1911 – 22 November 1963) was a General Officer in the Indian Army. He was the General Officer Commanding XV Corps when he was killed in the 1963 Poonch Indian Air Force helicopter crash.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Georg Wildführ
Georg Wildführ (30 August 1904 – 4 August 1984) was an East German Medical microbiologist and hygienist.

His scientific work particularly focused on bacteriology, serology, epidemiology, hygiene, and toxoplasmosis.

Hygiene
Hygiene is a set of practices performed to preserve health.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases." Personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body's cleanliness. Hygiene activities can be grouped into the following: home and everyday hygiene, personal hygiene, medical hygiene, sleep hygiene, and food hygiene. Home and every day hygiene includes hand washing, respiratory hygiene, food hygiene at home, hygiene in the kitchen, hygiene in the bathroom, laundry hygiene, and medical hygiene at home.

While often equated with cleanliness in common usage, hygiene is a term encompassing the personal practices and environmental conditions that maintain health and prevent disease.
NS Class 186
The NS Class 186 is a type of B-B electric locomotive built by Bombardier Transportation between 2006 and 2014. It is a member of the Bombardier TRAXX family of locomotives, the Bombardier TRAXX F140 MS2 variant.

The locomotives are used for pulling passenger stock, formerly for NS Hispeed and now for NS International.  They are a Multi-Systems variant of the TRAXX, a quadruple voltage locomotive, able to operate on most European electrification schemes: 1.5/3.0 kV DC and 15/25 kV AC.

The Class is formed of two batches, the first introduced in 2008 are leased locomotives. The second batch were introduced in 2014 and are owned by NS.

Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen ([ˈneːdərlɑntsə ˈspoːrˌʋeːɣə(n)] ⓘ, lit. 'Dutch Railways', NS [ɛnˈɛs] ⓘ) is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands. It is a Dutch state-owned company founded in 1938.

The rail infrastructure is maintained by network manager ProRail, which was split off from NS in 2003. Freight operator NS Cargo merged with DB Cargo in 2000. NS runs 4,800 scheduled domestic trains a day, serving 1.1 million passengers. The NS also provides international rail services from the Netherlands to other European destinations and carries out concessions on some foreign rail markets through its subsidiary Abellio.
Cyrillization of French
Russian uses phonetic transcription for the Cyrillization of its many loanwords from French.  Some use is made of Cyrillic's iotation features to represent French's front rounded vowels and etymologically-softened consonants.

Palatalization (sound change)
Palatalization (/ˌpælətəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ PAL-ə-təl-eye-ZAY-shən) is a historical-linguistic sound change that results in a palatalized articulation of a consonant or, in certain cases, a front vowel. Palatalization involves change in the place or manner of articulation of consonants, or the fronting or raising of vowels. In some cases, palatalization involves assimilation or lenition.
Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People
The Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (Crimean Tatar: Qırımtatar Milliy Meclisi) is the single highest executive-representative body of the Crimean Tatars in the period between sessions of the Qurultay of the Crimean Tatar People. The Mejlis is a member institution of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience.

The Mejlis was outlawed by Russia in 2016 for "the use of propaganda of aggression and hatred towards Russia, inciting ethnic nationalism and extremism in society" and listed as an extremist organization two years after the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea. In April 2017, the International Court of Justice delivered its order on the request for the indication of provisional measures, according to which Russia must lift the ban; Russia has since ignored and refused to comply with the ICJ's decision.

Verkhovna Rada of Crimea
Verkhovna Rada of Crimea or the Supreme Council of Crimea, officially the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, was the Ukrainian legislative body for the Autonomous Republic of Crimea before the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014.

The last election of parliament took place on 31 October 2010 (see 2010 Crimean parliamentary election) and was won by the Party of Regions and the Communist Party of Ukraine.

On 27 February 2014, unidentified armed men took over the parliament and hoisted the flag of Russia over it. On 15 March 2014 the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine officially dissolved the parliament. On 17 March 2014, one day before the Russian annexation of Crimea, the State Council of Crimea was established in place of the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea.
Down Survey
The Down Survey was a cadastral survey of Ireland, carried out by English scientist William Petty in 1655 and 1656. It was created to provide for precise re-allocation of land confiscated from the Irish.

The survey was apparently called the "Down Survey" by Petty, either because the results were set down in maps or because the surveyors made use of Gunther's chain, which had to be "laid down" with every measure. At the time of its creation, it was considered one of the most accurate maps, and the first British imperial survey of an entire conquered nation.

Gunter's chain
Gunter's chain (also known as Gunter's measurement) is a distance-measuring device used for surveying. It was designed and introduced in 1620 by English clergyman and mathematician Edmund Gunter (1581–1626). It enabled plots of land to be accurately surveyed and plotted, for legal and commercial purposes.

Gunter developed an actual measuring chain of 100 links. These, the chain and the link,  became statutory measures in England and subsequently the British Empire.
1990-Sick
1990-Sick is the fourth studio album by American rapper Spice 1, released December 5, 1995, on Jive Records. The album was produced by Ant Banks, Blackjack, Bosko, Chase and Clint "Payback" Sands. It peaked at number 3 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and at number 30 on the Billboard 200. One single, "1990-Sick (Kill 'em All)", peaked at number 91 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and at number 18 on the Billboard Rap Songs. The album features guest appearances by MC Eiht, E-40, Kokane, Joya, Young Kyoz and G-Nut of 187 Fac.

Along with singles, music videos were released for two songs: "1990-Sick (Get 'Em All)" featuring MC Eiht, and an alternate version of "Ain't No Love" featuring Levitti on the chorus instead of Joya. G-Nut makes a cameo appearance in "1990-Sick (Get 'em All)".

E-40
Earl Tywone Stevens (born November 15, 1967), better known by his stage name E-40, is an American rapper. Stevens is a founding member of the rap group The Click and the founder of Sick Wid It Records. He has released 27 studio albums to date, appeared on numerous movie soundtracks, and has also done guest appearances on a host of other rap albums. Initially an underground artist, his 1995 solo album In a Major Way opened him up to a wider audience. Beginning in 1998, he began collaborating with mainstream rappers outside the San Francisco Bay Area. He rose to higher mainstream popularity in 2006 with his single "Tell Me When to Go", which was produced by Lil Jon.
Lyndon Johnson (American football)
Lyndon Baines Johnson Jr. (born May 23, 1994) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Cincinnati Bearcats.

Cincinnati Bearcats football
The Cincinnati Bearcats football team represents the University of Cincinnati in college football. They compete at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level as members of the Big 12 Conference. They have played their home games in historic and renovated Nippert Stadium since 1924. The Bearcats have an all-time record of over .500, having reached their 600th program victory in 2017.
Bramming railway station
Bramming railway station (previously: Bramminge) is a railway station serving the railway town of Bramming east of the city of Esbjerg in West Jutland, Denmark. The station is located in the centre of the town where the railway line crosses the old highway between Ribe and Varde.

Bramming railway station is located on the Lunderskov–Esbjerg railway line from Lunderskov to Esbjerg, and is also the northern terminal station of the Bramming–Tønder railway line. It offers InterCity services to Esbjerg and Copenhagen and regional rail services to Esbjerg, Fredericia and Aarhus operated by the national railway company DSB, as well as regional rail services to Esbjerg, Ribe, Tønder, and Niebüll in Germany, operated by the private public transport operating company GoCollective. The station opened in 1874. Its original and still existing station building from 1874 was built to designs by the Danish architect Niels Peder Christian Holsøe.

Fredericia station
Fredericia station (Danish: Fredericia Banegård or Fredericia Station) is a railway station serving the city of Fredericia in Jutland, Denmark.

Fredericia station is an important railway junction where the Copenhagen-Fredericia Line, the Fredericia-Aarhus Line, and the Flensburg-Fredericia Line all cross each other. The station was opened in 1935 together with the opening of the Little Belt Bridge across the Little Belt. The train services are operated by the railway company DSB.
Jess Jonassen
Jessica Louise Jonassen (born 5 November 1992) is an Australian cricketer from Rockhampton, Queensland. A left-arm orthodox bowler, Jonassen has been a member of the national women's team since 2012, going on to win five ICC T20 World Cups & one ICC Cricket World Cup while becoming the fourth woman to have taken 100 One Day International wickets for Australia. Domestically, she is the current captain of both the Queensland Fire in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL) and the Brisbane Heat in the Women's Big Bash League (WBBL).

Women's T20 World Cup
The ICC Women's T20 World Cup is a biennial world cup for the sport of cricket in the T20I format. It is organised by the International Cricket Council. The first edition was held in England in 2009. For the first 3 editions, there were eight participating nations, but the number was raised to ten from the 2014 edition. The number of teams are set to increase to twelve during the 2026 edition.

At each tournament, a set number of teams qualify automatically, with the remaining teams determined by the Women's T20 World Cup Qualifier. As of 2024, a total of nine editions have been held and twelve teams have participated, Australia, having won the tournament six times (2010, 2012, 2014, 2018, 2020, 2023) are the most successful team,  while England (2009), West Indies (2016) and New Zealand (2024) have one title each.

New Zealand are the current champions having won the 2024 edition for the first time, after defeating South Africa in the final.
Arun Kumar Biswas
Arun Kumar Biswas (6 July 1934 – 30 November 2015) was a professor at Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (India) during 1963–95. He is well known for his contributions in the area of mineral engineering, archaeometallurgy, minerals and gems in antiquity, history of science, philosophy, science and music, etc. Biswas was the founding member of Indian Institute of Mineral Engineers (1969). Founder president of Indian Language Society in the early 1980s at IIT/K, he served several organizations in various honorary capacities:  Mahendralal Sircar Research Professor in History of Science at the Asiatic Society, Kolkata (1995–2001); the AICTE Emeritus Fellow at the Jadavpur University (2001–2004); and INSA Research Fellow in Kolkata. He was a member of the INSA National Commission for History of Science and, the editorial board member of the Indian Journal of the History of Science.

IIT Kanpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur or IITK) is a public institute of technology located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. As an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), it was declared an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India under the Institutes of Technology Act. As of January 2025, at least 18 Padma Shri, 4 Padma Bhushan, 1 Padma Vibhushan, and 33 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients have been affiliated with IIT Kanpur as alumni or faculty members.
Wo (kana)
Wo (hiragana: を, katakana: ヲ) is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represents one mora. Historically, both are phonemically /wo/, reflected in the Nihon-shiki wo, although the contemporary pronunciation is [o] ⓘ, reflected in the Hepburn romanization and Kunrei-shiki romanization o. Thus it is pronounced identically to the kana o. Despite this phonemic merger, the kana wo is sometimes regarded as a distinct phoneme from /o/, represented as /wo/, to account for historical pronunciation and for orthographic purposes.

Kunrei-shiki
Kunrei-shiki (Japanese: 訓令式ローマ字, Hepburn: Kunrei-shiki rōmaji; rgh. 'Cabinet-ordered style of Roman letters'), also known as the Monbusho system (named after the endonym for the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) or MEXT system, is a romanization system for transcribing the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet. Its name is rendered Kunreisiki in the system itself. It is taught in the Monbushō-approved elementary school curriculum. The ISO has standardized Kunrei-shiki under ISO 3602.

Kunrei-shiki is based on the older Nihon-shiki romanization, which was modified for modern standard Japanese. For example, the word かなづかい, romanized kanadukai in Nihon-shiki, is pronounced kanazukai in modern standard Japanese and is romanized as such in Kunrei-shiki. The system competes with the older Hepburn romanization system, which was promoted by the SCAP during the Allied occupation of Japan after World War II.
Neurocutaneous melanosis
Neurocutaneous melanosis is a congenital disorder characterized by the presence of congenital melanocytic nevi on the skin and melanocytic tumors in the leptomeninges of the central nervous system. Although typically asymptomatic, malignancy occurs in the form of leptomeningeal melanoma in over half of patients. Regardless of the presence of malignancy, patients with symptomatic neurocutaneous melanosis generally have a poor prognosis with few treatment options. The pathogenesis of neurocutaneous melanosis is believed to be related to the abnormal postzygotic development of melanoblasts and mutations of the NRAS gene.

Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog
NRAS is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NRAS gene. It was discovered by a small team of researchers led by Robin Weiss at the Institute of Cancer Research in London. It was the third RAS gene to be discovered, and was named  NRAS, for its initial identification in human neuroblastoma cells.
Lung surgery
Lung surgery is a type of thoracic surgery involving the repair or removal of lung tissue, and can be used to treat a variety of conditions ranging from lung cancer to pulmonary hypertension. Common operations include anatomic and nonanatomic resections, pleurodesis and lung transplants. Though records of lung surgery date back to the Classical Age, new techniques such as VATS continue to be developed.

Lung transplantation
Lung transplantation, or pulmonary transplantation, is a surgical procedure in which one or both lungs are replaced by lungs from a donor. Donor lungs can be retrieved from a living or deceased donor. A living donor can only donate one lung lobe. With some lung diseases, a recipient may only need to receive a single lung. With other lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, it is imperative that a recipient receive two lungs. While lung transplants carry certain associated risks, they can also extend life expectancy and enhance the quality of life for those with end stage pulmonary disease.
The Way You Love Me (Faith Hill song)
"The Way You Love Me" is a song written by Keith Follesé and Michael Dulaney and recorded by American country music singer Faith Hill. It was released on February 14, 2000, as the second single from her fourth studio album, Breathe (1999). It was later released to pop radio on August 15, 2000, becoming Hill's third single serviced to the format. The track utilizes Auto-Tune for Hill's backup vocals.

"The Way You Love Me" was a commercial success. The song spent four weeks at number one on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in May 2000, becoming her eighth number-one hit. It later peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot 100 in December 2000, becoming her fourth top-10 hit. Internationally, the song reached the top 10 in Hungary and Spain. Country music website Wide Open Country ranked it as Hill's seventh-best song.

Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune is audio processor software released on September 19, 1997, by the American company Antares Audio Technologies. It uses a proprietary device to measure and correct pitch in music. It operates on different principles from the vocoder or talk box and produces different results. Auto-Tune can be used in both post-production music mixing and in real-time live performances.

Auto-Tune was initially intended to disguise or correct off-key inaccuracies, allowing vocal tracks to be perfectly tuned. Cher's 1998 song "Believe" popularized the use of Auto-Tune to deliberately distort vocals, a technique that became known as the "Cher effect". It has since been used by many artists in different genres, including Daft Punk, Radiohead, T-Pain and Kanye West. In 2018, the music critic Simon Reynolds felt that Auto-Tune had "revolutionized popular music", calling its use for effects "the fad that just wouldn't fade. Its use is now more entrenched than ever."
Brock Road landfills
Brock Road landfills are a series of landfills used by Toronto (acquired by Metro Toronto in 1969) from 1975 to 1990s. The North and West site are in Pickering, while the South site is in Ajax.

Only Brock North and Brock West were used as dumps, whereas Brock South site was acquired and left unused.

Several factors led to the closure of the landfill sites, including: sites reaching capacity; public pressure to discontinue using these sites for Toronto's garbage; and the proximity of these sites to nearby farms, residential areas, and to sensitive or protected areas such as Grand Valley Park, Greenwood Conservation Area, and First Nations sites discovered in the Duffins Creek watershed to the west and east.

Ajax, Ontario
Ajax (/ˈeɪdʒæks/; 2021 population: 126,666) is a waterfront town in Durham Region in Southern Ontario, Canada, located in the eastern part of the Greater Toronto Area.

The town is named for HMS Ajax, a Royal Navy cruiser that served in the Second World War. It is approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Toronto on the shores of Lake Ontario and is bordered by the City of Pickering to the west and north, and the Town of Whitby to the east.
Ancient Bohemian Legends
Ancient Bohemian legends (Czech: Staré pověsti české) is a book by Alois Jirásek written in 1894. It describes events from Czech history based on folk literature and some historical facts. The model was based on Chronicle of Hájek, Cosmas Chronicle of Bohemia and Chronicle of Dalimil, other old Czech chronicles and many other sources were also used. It includes legends such as Maidens' War, Libuše and Přemysl, Krok's Daughters, Bohemian Arrival and Golem of Prague. The book has three parts: Ancient Bohemian Legends, Legends of the Christian era and From ancient prophecies.

Libuše
Libušeⓘ, Libussa, Libushe or, historically Lubossa, is a legendary ancestor of the Přemyslid dynasty and the Czech people as a whole. According to legend, she was the youngest but wisest of three sisters, who became queen after their father died; she married a ploughman, Přemysl, with whom she founded the Přemyslid dynasty, and prophesied and founded the city of Prague in the 8th century.
Jan Stick
Jan Stick is a Canadian politician, who was elected to in the Yukon Legislative Assembly in the 2011 election. She represented the electoral district of Riverdale South as a member of the Yukon New Democratic Party caucus until her defeat in the 2016 election.

Prior to her election to the territorial legislature, Stick served on Whitehorse City Council. She has since returned to municipal politics, and served again as a member of Whitehorse's city council from 2018 until 2021.

Yukon New Democratic Party
The Yukon New Democratic Party (YNDP; French: Nouveau Parti démocratique du Yukon) is a social democratic political party in the Yukon, Canada. It is the territorial section of the federal New Democratic Party. The party currently forms the official opposition in the Yukon Legislative Assembly.
Unlambda
Unlambda is a minimal, "nearly pure" functional programming language invented by David Madore. It is based on combinatory logic, an expression system without the lambda operator or free variables. It relies mainly on two built-in functions (s and k) and an apply operator (written `, the backquote character). These alone make it Turing-complete, but there are also some input/output (I/O) functions to enable interacting with the user, some shortcut functions, and a lazy evaluation function. Variables are unsupported.

Unlambda is free and open-source software distributed under a GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.0 or later.

Lambda calculus
In mathematical logic, the lambda calculus (also written as λ-calculus) is a formal system for expressing computation based on function abstraction and application using variable binding and substitution. Untyped lambda calculus, the topic of this article, is a universal machine, i.e. a model of computation that can be used to simulate any Turing machine (and vice versa). It was introduced by the mathematician Alonzo Church in the 1930s as part of his research into the foundations of mathematics. In 1936, Church found a formulation which was logically consistent, and documented it in 1940.
1992–93 Swiss Cup
The 1992–93 Swiss Cup was the 68th season of Switzerland's annual football cup competition. It began on the week-end 8–9 August 1992 with the first games of the first round and ended on Whit Monday 1993 with the Final held at Wankdorf, Bern. The winners earned a place in the qualifying round of the Cup Winners' Cup.

Wankdorf Stadium
Wankdorf Stadium (German: Wankdorfstadion, pronounced [ˈvaŋkdɔʁfˌʃtaːdi̯ɔn] ⓘ) was a football stadium in Bern, Switzerland, and the home of Swiss club BSC Young Boys. Built in 1925, it hosted the finals of the 1954 FIFA World Cup, the 1960–61 European Cup, and the 1988–89 European Cup Winners' Cup.

The stadium was demolished in 2001, and replaced in 2005 by the Stadion Wankdorf on the same site.