hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pertti Jarla
Pertti Olavi Jarla (born 25 October 1971 in Nastola, Finland) is a Finnish comics artist most famous for his humorous Fingerpori comic strip. Jarla's humor is strongly based on wordplay and he also deals with subjects which are testing the boundaries of political correctness. Jarla is a relatively famous person in Finland and is often interviewed by the Finnish media.

Nastola
Nastola is a former municipality of Finland. It was merged with the city of Lahti on 1 January 2016.

In the province of Southern Finland, Nastola is part of the Päijät-Häme region. The municipality had a population of 14,905 (30 June 2015) and covered an area of 382.86 km2 (147.82 sq mi) of which 38.67 km2 (14.93 sq mi) was water. The population density was 45.9761/km2 (119.078/sq mi). Nastola is located between two major cities: Lahti and Kouvola. Kausala, the administrative center of Iitti, is 26 kilometres (16 mi) away from Nastola in the direction of Kouvola.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.
Yedikule railway station
Yedikule station is a formerly indefinitely closed railway station on the Istanbul suburban. It is located in the Yedikule neighborhood in southwest Fatih. The Yedikule Electric Train Depot is located right next to the station but was closed down in the early 2000s. The station had one track servicing an island platform (eastbound track) during the construction of the Marmaray tunnels, the westbound track being temporarily removed. Yedikule was served by the İstanbul-Halkalı Line, which was abandoned with the opening of Marmaray. The station is 7.46 km (4.64 mi) away from Sirkeci Terminal. The station was rebuilt and reopened on 26 February 2024 as part of the  T6 Sirkeci–Kazlıçeşme Tramway Line / U3 Sirkeci–Kazlıçeşme Rail Line.

Marmaray
Marmaray (pronounced [ˈmaɾmaɾaj] ⓘ) is a 76.6-kilometre-long (47.6 mi) commuter rail line located in Istanbul, Turkey. The line runs from Halkalı, on the European side, to Gebze, on the Asian side, along the north shore of the Sea of Marmara. Mostly using the right-of-way of two existing commuter rail lines, the Marmaray line linked the two lines via a tunnel under the Bosporus strait, becoming the first standard gauge rail connection between Europe and Asia (all prior connections ran through Russia and used the incompatible Russian broad gauge). The two existing sections of the line were rebuilt and expanded from two tracks to three tracks, to allow for higher capacity with intercity and freight rail. The name Marmaray is a portmanteau of the words Marmara and Ray, which is Turkish for rail.
Doryssus
Doryssus or Dorissus or Doriagus (Greek: Δόρυσσος) was a king of ancient Sparta, who reigned for 29 years. Pausanias identified him as the son of Labotas or Leobotes and the father of Agesilaus I. He was killed in battle between the Spartans and the Argives.

Labotas
Labotas, also spelled Leobotas or Leobotes (Greek: Λαβώτας or Λεωβώτης) was the son of Echestratus and was the third king of Sparta from the Agiad dynasty.

Labotas led a war against the Argives because the Kynouria occupied and supposedly lived in the surrounding areas that the Perioeci had inhabited.

According to Jerome and the Excerpta Latina Barbari he reigned 37 years. After his death, his son Doryssos inherited the throne.
Melaleuca apostiba
Melaleuca apostiba is a shrub in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It was first described in 1990 by Kirsten Cowley and remains a poorly known species. It resembles Melaleuca lateritia except for its hairy leaves and flower structures as well as its leaf shape and size.

Melaleuca lateritia
Melaleuca lateritia, commonly known as the robin redbreast bush, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is also one of the most widely cultivated of the genus because of its attractive flowers which occur over a long period and for its adaptability to a range of climates. It is a medium-sized shrub normally 2–2.5 m (7–8 ft) high with coarse, fibrous bark.
Berit Reiss-Andersen
Berit Reiss-Andersen (born 11 July 1954) is a Norwegian lawyer, author and former politician for the Norwegian Labour Party. She is a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, the 5-member committee that awards the Nobel Peace Prize. She is also a board member of the Nobel Foundation, which has the overall responsibility for all the five Nobel Prizes. She served as state secretary for the Minister of Justice and Police from 1996 to 1997 and as president of the Norwegian Bar Association from 2008 to 2012. She has co-authored two crime novels with former Minister of Justice Anne Holt. She is currently a partner at DLA Piper's Oslo office.

DLA Piper
DLA Piper is a law firm with offices in over 40 countries across the Americas, Asia Pacific, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.

It was founded in 2005 through the merger between three law firms: San Diego–based Gray Cary Ware & Freidenrich LLP, Baltimore-based Piper Rudnick LLP and United Kingdom–based DLA LLP. DLA Piper is now composed of multiple partnerships operating under a shared global network in an organizational structure known as a Swiss Verein.
Cyprus–United States relations
Relations between Cyprus and the United States can be described as excellent, both sharing membership in the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization. Cyprus has been an observer to the Organization of American States.
Cypriots view the United States as their second most trusted ally after France with 62% considering the U.S. a desired ally.

Embassy of Cyprus, Washington, D.C.
The Embassy of Cyprus in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Cyprus's diplomatic mission to the United States. It is located at 2211 R Street N.W. in Washington, D.C.'s Kalorama neighborhood.

The Ambassador is Evangelos Savva, who is concurrently the non-resident ambassador to the nation of Barbados.
Gurusagaram
Gurusagaram (The Infinity of Grace) is a 1987 novel written by O. V. Vijayan. The novel is a spiritual odyssey into the human psyche. It differs in language, vision and characterisation from Vijayan's earlier works such as Khasakkinte Itihasam and Dharmapuranam.  It won many major awards including the Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award, Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award and Vayalar Award.

Vayalar Award
The Vayalar Award is a literary award presented annually in Kerala, India, for the best literary work in Malayalam. It was instituted in 1977 by the Vayalar Ramavarma Memorial Trust in memory of poet and lyricist Vayalar Ramavarma (1928-1975). A sum of ₹25,000, a silver plate and certificate constituted the award originally. Now it is raised to a sum of ₹100,000. It is presented each year on 27 October, the death anniversary of Ramavarma.
Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke of Osuna
Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke de Osuna (25 May 1625 – Madrid, 2 June 1694), 5th Marquess of Peñafiel, 9th Count of Ureña and other lesser titles, was a Spanish general and a Grandee of Spain.

He lost the Battle of Castelo Rodrigo in 1664, as part of the Portuguese Restoration War. He was Viceroy of Catalonia, 1667–1669, Governor of the Duchy of Milan, Italy, (1670–1674), when he was replaced by Claude Lamoral, Prince of Ligne.
He was also President of the Council of Aragon between 1692 and 1694.

Claude Lamoral, 3rd Prince of Ligne
Claude Lamoral, 3rd Prince of Ligne, Prince of Epinoy, Marquis of Roubaix and Count of Fauquemberg (8 October 1618 – 21 December 1679), was a nobleman from the Spanish Netherlands, a soldier and diplomat in the service of  Philip IV of Spain and Charles II of Spain .
Harold Shaw (American football)
Harold Lamar Shaw (born September 3, 1974) is an American former professional football player who was a fullback and occasional linebacker for three seasons with the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL), the Grand Rapids Rampage of the Arena Football League (AFL) and the New England Surge of the Continental Indoor Football League (CIFL). Shaw played college football for the Southern Miss Golden Eagles.

Grand Rapids Rampage
The Grand Rapids Rampage was an arena football team based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The team began play in 1998 in the Arena Football League as an expansion team. They were last coached by Steve Thonn. Their home arena was the Van Andel Arena.
Pedro Virgili
Pedro Virgili (Catalan: Pere Virgili i Bellver) (Vilallonga del Camp, Tarragona (Spain), 1699 – Barcelona (Spain), 1776) was one of the most prominent royal surgeons of Spain in the 18th century and one of the surgeons of the King of Spain. He has been described as particularly influential and was regarded as a role model by subsequent esteemed men of this profession in Spain, such as Antonio Gimbernat.

Antoni de Gimbernat
Don Antonio de Gimbernat y Arbós (1734–1816) was a Spanish surgeon and anatomist. He is known for laying the groundwork for modern techniques of inguinal hernia repair. He also described in detail the anatomy of the inguinal and femoral regions of the human body.

The lacunar ligament is named after Antonio de Gimbernat.

Gimbernat was born in Cambrils, (Tarragona), and died in Madrid. His son Don Antonio Gimbernat FRSE (1765-1834) closely followed in his footsteps and was First Surgeon to the King of Spain.
House of the Vettii
The House of the Vettii is a domus located in the Roman town Pompeii, which was preserved by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. The house is named for its owners, two successful freedmen: Aulus Vettius Conviva, an Augustalis, and Aulus Vettius Restitutus. Its careful excavation has preserved almost all of the wall frescos, which were completed following the earthquake of 62 AD, in the manner art historians term the Pompeiian Fourth Style. The House of Vetti is located in region VI, near the Vesuvian Gate, bordered by the Vicolo di Mercurio and the Vicolo dei Vettii. The house is one of the largest domus in Pompeii, spanning the entire southern section of block 15. The plan is fashioned in a typical Roman domus with the exception of a tablinum, which is not included. There are twelve mythological scenes across four cubiculum and one triclinium. The house was reopened to tourists in January 2023 after two decades of restoration.

Tablinum
In Roman architecture, a tablinum (or tabulinum, from tabula, board, picture) was a room in a domus (house) generally situated on one side of the atrium and opposite to the entrance; it opened in the rear onto the peristyle, with either a large window or only an anteroom or curtain. The walls may be richly decorated with fresco pictures, and often busts of the family were arranged on pedestals on the two sides of the room.
Philippus Baldaeus
Philips Baelde or Philippus Baldaeus, (baptized on 24 October 1632, Delft – 1671, Geervliet) was a Dutch minister. He went to Jaffna during the Dutch period in Ceylon with an invading Dutch force. As the second European after Abraham Rogerius, in his illustrated Description of the East Indian Countries of Malabar, Coromandel, Ceylon, etc. he documented the life, language and culture of the Tamil people, living in the north of the island. It was initially published in Dutch and German, while the English translation was published by the Ceylon Government Railway (1960).

He wrote much about the religious, civil and domestic conditions of the places he visited and introduced his account of the Hindu mythology. He translated the Lord's Prayer into the Tamil language, and although it had mistakes, it was remarkable as the first treatise printed in Europe of any Indian language. Baldaeus went back to Holland and preached until he died while still a young man.

Hindu mythology
Hindu mythology refers to the collection of myths associated with Hinduism, derived from various Hindu texts and traditions. These myths are found in sacred texts such as the Vedas, the Itihasas (the Mahabharata and the Ramayana), and the Puranas. They also appear in regional and ethnolinguistic texts, including the Bengali Mangal Kavya and the Tamil Periya Puranam and Divya Prabandham. Additionally, Hindu myths are also found in widely translated fables like the Panchatantra and the Hitopadesha, as well as in Southeast Asian texts influenced by Hindu traditions.
Ron Shoop
Ronald Lee Shoop (September 19, 1931 – March 14, 2003) was an American professional baseball player and catcher, who played part of the 1959 season for the Detroit Tigers. Shoop batted and threw right-handed, stood 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) tall and weighed 180 pounds (82 kg). His professional career extended for ten years (1951–52 and 1955–62). He missed the 1953–54 seasons while performing military service.

For his MLB career, Shoop compiled a .143 batting average in seven at-bats, with one run batted in. His lone hit, a single, came off Bob Shaw of the Chicago White Sox in Shoop's final big-league game.

He was born and later died in Rural Valley, Pennsylvania, at the age of 71.

Bob Shaw (baseball)
Robert John Shaw (June 29, 1933 – September 23, 2010) was an American professional baseball player. A right-handed pitcher, he played in Major League Baseball on seven teams for 11 seasons, from 1957 to 1967. In 1962, he was a National League (NL) All-Star player. In 1966, he led all National League pitchers with a perfect 1.000 fielding percentage.
Through the Camera Eye
Through the Camera Eye is a videocassette/laserdisc release by the Canadian band Rush. It was released in 1985 by PolyGram Records. It contains promotional videos issued for the band's albums Moving Pictures (1981), Signals (1982) and Grace Under Pressure (1984). Absent from the collection were the videos for "Limelight" and the album version of "Tom Sawyer", both filmed at Le Studio (the same locale as the "Vital Signs" video). The live version of "Tom Sawyer" comes from the concert video Exit... Stage Left (1982). No DVD re-issue was released.

The concept of "The Camera Eye" is a literary device used by the author John Dos Passos in his U.S.A. trilogy.

Vital Signs (Rush song)
"Vital Signs" is a song by progressive rock band Rush. It is the closing track from their eighth studio album Moving Pictures. The lyrics of the song are about individuality and the pressures of conforming.

The song is heavily influenced by reggae (in the guitar riff) as well as progressive electronica (in its use of sequencers) and the music of the Police. These influences continued in subsequent albums: Signals, Grace Under Pressure, and Power Windows.

The song was released as a single in the U.K. peaking at No 41. Also, a live version of "Vital Signs" appeared as the B-side to Rush's "New World Man" single in 1982 (Mercury #76179, US edition).
1907 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1907 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 5. Incumbent Republican Governor Curtis Guild Jr. was re-elected for a third one-year term.

The election was noted for the split in the Democratic Party and the very strong third-party performance for Independence Party nominee Thomas Hisgen. Hisgen actually received more votes than the Democratic ticket, though Democratic nominee Henry M. Whitney received more votes than Hisgen when considering votes Whitney received on three independent tickets.

Thomas L. Hisgen
Thomas Louis Hisgen  (November 26, 1858 – August 27, 1925) was an American petroleum producer and politician.

He refused to sell his firm to the Standard Oil Trust and was chosen by the Massachusetts Independence League as its candidate for Governor of Massachusetts in 1907. After a strong third-place performance, Hisgen became the logical choice as presidential nominee of the national Independence Party during the 1908 United States presidential election. Although he toured the country on the campaign trail, Hisgen's poorer-than-expected showing at the polls in November 1908 spelled the end for the Independence Party (82,537 = 0.55% of the vote), many of whose members rejoined the Democrats. Hisgen subsequently remained in the public eye as a periodic commentator on events in the petroleum industry.
Fall Creek Falls (Douglas County, Oregon)
Fall Creek Falls, is a three to four drop waterfall located on the North Umpqua River at the west skirt of the Umpqua National Forest, in Douglas County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is located in a privileged natural area where the river creates several waterfalls: Susan Creek Falls, Emile Falls, and Grotto Falls are two to five miles away.

Umpqua National Forest
Umpqua National Forest, in southern Oregon's Cascade Range, covers an area of 983,129 acres (3,978.58 km2) in Douglas, Lane, and Jackson counties, and borders the Crater Lake National Park in Southern Oregon.  The four ranger districts for the forest are the Cottage Grove, Diamond Lake, North Umpqua, and Tiller ranger districts.  The national forest is managed by the United States Forest Service (of the United States Department of Agriculture), headquartered in Roseburg (county seat town of Douglas County), Oregon in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States.
Singular matrix
A singular matrix is a square matrix that is not invertible, unlike non-singular matrix which is invertible. Equivalently, an -by- matrix  is singular if and only if determinant, . In classical linear algebra, a matrix is called non-singular (or invertible) when it has an inverse; by definition, a matrix that fails this criterion is singular. In more algebraic terms, an -by- matrix A is singular exactly when its columns (and rows) are linearly dependent, so that the linear map  is not one-to-one.

In this case the kernel (null space) of A is non-trivial (has dimension ≥1), and the homogeneous system  admits non-zero solutions. These characterizations follow from standard rank-nullity and invertibility theorems: for a square matrix A,  if and only if , and  if and only if .

Kernel (linear algebra)
In mathematics, the kernel of a linear map, also known as the null space or nullspace, is the part of the domain which is mapped to the zero vector of the co-domain; the kernel is always a linear subspace of the domain. That is, given a linear map L : V → W between two vector spaces V and W, the kernel of L is the vector space of all elements v of V such that L(v) = 0, where 0 denotes the zero vector in W, or more symbolically:
Bell–Magendie law
In anatomy and neurophysiology, the Bell-Magendie law is the finding that the anterior spinal nerve roots contain only motor fibers and posterior roots only sensory fibers and that nerve impulses are conducted in only one direction in each case. The nature and the physiology of the phenomena were described independently by the British anatomical scientist Sir Charles Bell and the French physiologist François Magendie, later confirmed by the German physiologist Johannes Peter Müller.

Johannes Peter Müller
Johannes Peter Müller (14 July 1801 – 28 April 1858) was a German physiologist, comparative anatomist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist, known not only for his discoveries but also for his ability to synthesize knowledge. The paramesonephric duct (Müllerian duct) was named in his honor.
Giuseppe Bastiani
Giuseppe Bastiani (active in 1594) was an Italian painter active in the Renaissance period, mainly in his hometown of Macerata. He was a disciple of Gaspare Gasparini. He painted frescoes in the church of Santa Maria Assunta, Arrone.

Gaspare Gasparini
Gaspare Gasparini (died 30 September 1590) was a native of Macerata. He was a disciple of Girolamo Siciolante da Sermoneta, whose style he followed, though in a less finished manner; as appears in his two pictures in the church of San Venanzio at Fabriano, representing The Baptism of Christ and The Last Supper. He is seen to more advantage in his picture of St. Peter and St. John curing the Lame Man, in the same church, a grand composition, in which he seems to have imitated the style of Raphael. In the church of the Conventuali, in his native place, there is a fine picture of St. Francis receiving the Stigmata.
Sentimiento, Elegancia y Más Maldad
Sentimiento, Elegancia y Más Maldad is the eighth studio album by American singer Arcángel. It was released on November 17, 2023, through Rimas, as a sequel to the singer's second studio album Sentimiento, Elegancia & Maldad (2013).

The album contains collaborations with Grupo Frontera, Quevedo, Rauw Alejandro, De la Ghetto, Jowell & Randy, Peso Pluma, and Feid. Most of the album's production is done by Dímelo Flow, along with Tainy and several co-producers.

Sentimiento, Elegancia & Maldad
Sentimiento, Elegancia & Maldad (transl. Feeling, Elegancy & Evilness) is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Arcángel. It was released on November 19, 2013, through Pina Records and Sony Music Latin, and contains collaborations with Daddy Yankee, De la Ghetto, Ñengo Flow, and duo Genio & Baby Johnny. The lead single from the album, "Hace Mucho Tiempo", was released on June 21, 2013.
Bryconops rheoruber
Bryconops rheoruber is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Iguanodectidae. This species is found in Brazil. Its back scales are tan-to-cream, and its belly is silvery; the divide between the two colors is marked by a broad iridescent-silver stripe. Its fins are a mixture of pale, clear, and reddish, which contributed to its specific name. "Rheo" means "flow" or "current" in Greek, and "ruber" means "red" in Latin.

It was first described from the rapids of the Rio Xingu (hence "rheo" in its scientific name), and its range is known to extend into the Rio Iriri, the largest tributary therein. Like many other species of Bryconops, it prefers fast-flowing waters over a rocky or sandy substrate.

Xingu River
The Xingu River (/ʃɪŋˈɡuː/, shing-GOO; Portuguese: Rio Xingu [ˈʁi.u ʃĩˈɡu]; Mẽbêngôkre: Byti [bɯˈti]: 73 ) is a 1,640 km (1,020 mi) river in north Brazil. It is a southeast tributary of the Amazon River and one of the largest clearwater rivers in the Amazon basin, accounting for about 5% of its water.
Runcorn railway station
Runcorn railway station is in the industrial town of Runcorn in Cheshire, north-west England. The station lies on the Liverpool branch of the West Coast Main Line/Crewe-Liverpool Lime Street line via Runcorn and Liverpool South Parkway between Acton Bridge/Crewe and Liverpool South Parkway and is managed by Avanti West Coast. There are regular services to Liverpool Lime Street, Crewe, London Euston, Birmingham New Street and Chester.

Liverpool South Parkway railway station
Liverpool South Parkway station is a railway station and bus interchange in the Garston district of Liverpool, England. It serves, via a bus link, Liverpool John Lennon Airport in the neighbouring suburb of Speke, as well as providing an interchange between main line services and the Merseyrail rapid transit/commuter rail network.  Opened in 2006 on the site of the former Allerton railway station, it also replaced the nearby Garston station.

The station is located towards the southern end of Merseyrail's Northern Line and on the junction of two main lines: the Merseytravel City Line from Liverpool to Manchester via Warrington and the Liverpool branch of the West Coast Main Line to London via Crewe.
Dorte Olesen
Dorte Marianne Olesen (born 1948) is a Danish mathematician. In 1988 at Roskilde University, she became the first Danish woman to be appointed a full professor of mathematics. She has also played a leading role in the development of education and research networks, both in Denmark and at the European level.

Roskilde University
Roskilde University (Danish: Roskilde Universitet, abbreviated RUC or RU) is a Danish public university founded in 1972 and located in Trekroner in the Eastern part of Roskilde. The university awards bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and PhD degrees in a wide variety of subjects within social sciences, the humanities, and natural sciences.