hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
YouTube (YouTube channel)
YouTube, formerly named YouTube Spotlight, is the official YouTube channel for the American video-sharing platform of the same name, spotlighting videos and events on the platform. Events shown on the channel include YouTube Comedy Week and the YouTube Music Awards. Additionally, the channel uploaded annual installments of YouTube Rewind between 2010 and 2019. The channel briefly ranked as the most-subscribed on the platform in late 2013. As of November 2025, the channel has 44.2 million subscribers and 2.70 billion video views.

YouTube Comedy Week
YouTube Comedy Week was an event on YouTube, and produced by Jash in the US and ChannelFlip in the UK.  Comedy week was an event that ran from May 19–25, 2013, and brought "the best of UK and US talent together on YouTube." This was the first of a planned annual YouTube Comedy Week.

The Big Live Comedy Show began the event, was hosted by Kyle Mooney, and was opened by Sarah Silverman and Seth Rogen. This was stage show that was broadcast live.
Jack Ivankovic
Jack Ivankovic (born May 22, 2007) is a Canadian junior ice hockey goaltender for the University of Michigan of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Ivankovic previously played for the Brampton Steelheads of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL).

Brampton Steelheads
The Brampton Steelheads are a Canadian junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League (OHL), based in Brampton, Ontario. The Steelheads play their home games at the CAA Centre in Brampton. The team relocated from nearby Mississauga in 2024. As the Mississauga Steelheads, the team previously won the Emms Trophy as regular season champions of the Central division and the Bobby Orr Trophy as playoffs champions of the Eastern conference during the 2016–17 OHL season.
Shaffer (company)
Shaffer, a subsidiary of NOV Inc., is a manufacturer and distributor of pressure control devices for the petroleum industry. The company's products include blowout preventers, control systems, riser string packages, choke valves, riser tensioners, and drill string compensators.

NOV Inc.
NOV Inc., formerly National Oilwell Varco, is an American multinational corporation based in Houston, Texas. It is a worldwide provider of equipment and components used in oil and gas drilling and production operations, oilfield services, and supply chain integration services to the upstream oil and gas industry. The company conducts operations in more than 500 locations across six continents, operating through two reporting segments: Energy Equipment and Energy Products and Services.
Greg Fahy
Gregory Michael Fahy is a California-based cryobiologist, biogerontologist, and businessman. He is the Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer at 21st Century Medicine, Inc, and has co-founded Intervene Immune, a company developing clinical methods to reverse immune system aging. He was the 2022–2023 president of the Society for Cryobiology.

Society for Cryobiology
The Society for Cryobiology is an international scientific society that was founded in 1964. Its objectives are to promote research in low temperature biology, to improve scientific understanding in this field, and to disseminate and aid in the application of this knowledge. The Society also publishes a journal called Cryobiology.

The society has hosted 60 annual meetings to date, with the 2024 annual meeting being held in Washington. The three-day event will host over 350 delegates from more than 35 countries.
The Cell (The Vampire Diaries)
"The Cell" is the ninth episode of the fifth season of the American series The Vampire Diaries and the series' 98th episode overall. "The Cell" was originally aired on December 5, 2013, on The CW. The episode was written by Melinda Hsu Taylor and directed by Chris Grismer.

The Vampire Diaries season 5
The Vampire Diaries, an American supernatural drama, was renewed for a fifth season by the CW on February 11, 2013. The fifth season premiered on October 3, 2013, followed by the series premiere of the spin-off series The Originals.
Secunderabad–Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express
The 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast Express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India.

It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh.

It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav.

Yesvantpur Junction railway station
Yesvantpur Junction railway station also Yeshwanthapura Junction railway station (station code: YPR) is one of the three important stations which serves the city of Bangalore which is located in Yesvantpur locality. It is one of the developing stations of Bangalore created for reducing the rush at Bangalore City railway station.
Tha Collabo
Tha Collabo is a collaborative studio album by American rapper Big Pokey and hip hop group Wreckshop Wolfpack from Houston, Texas. It was released on November 6, 2001, through Wreckshop Records, and was produced entirely by Platinum Soul Productions (Double D, Chicken Hawk & Noke D). It also features guest appearances from Big Moe, Pimp C, Z-Ro & Chris Ward among others. The album peaked at #74 on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

Z-Ro
Joseph Wayne McVey (born January 19, 1977), better known by his stage names Z-Ro and the Mo City Don, is an American rapper from Houston, Texas. He was named one of America's most underrated rappers by The New York Times in 2007.
Archana Udupa
Archana Udupa (born 3 February 1979) is an Indian singer. She sings devotional, classical and film  songs. She is graded artist of All India Radio and Doordarshan. She won Zee TV TVS Sa Re Ga Ma Pa contest of singing in 1998. Archana Udupa is the first person of south Indian origin to win Hindi film song singing contest. As of now she has sung in more than 1000 cassettes and CDs (Albums).

She won the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer for her song in the film Bhageerathi in 2012.
She also judged for famous singing reality show Kannada Kogile for two seasons along with Chandan Shetty and Sadhu Kokila. She married Sriranga, a lawyer and son of musician Shimoga Subbanna, in 2002.

Karnataka State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer
Karnataka State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer is a film award of the Indian state of Karnataka  given during the annual Karnataka State Film Awards. The award honours female singers for their work in Kannada language films.
Sirwan Barzani
Sirwan Saber Barzani (born (1970-03-11)March 11, 1970) is an Iraqi Kurdish businessman and military commander. He is a member of the Kurdish Barzani family. He is the older brother of Saywan Barzani, a Kurdish diplomat.

Sirwan is the nephew of the former President of Iraqi Kurdistan, Masoud Barzani and cousin to the President of Kurdistan, Nechirvan Barzani. He is one of the most famous young generals in the Kurdistan Region's military force in Iraq, called the Kurdish Peshmerga.

Barzani (tribe)
The Barzani tribe (Kurdish: Eşîra Barzanî) is a Kurdish tribe and tribal confederation of various neighboring tribes inhabiting Barzan in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The Barzanis are mostly Naqshbandi and one of the most influential tribes in Kurdistan.
Tulosesus mitrinodulisporus
Tulosesus mitrinodulisporus is a species of dung‑inhabiting agaric fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae, first described in 2011 as a member of genus Coprinellus before being reclassified in 2020. It is characterized by its small, initially ochraceous caps that turn cream and eventually grey with age, and distinctive mitriform (mitre-shaped) spores bearing four knob-like projections. This coprophilous fungus has only been found growing on the dung of alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) collected at Salati Pass in Aosta, Italy. Its unique combination of habitat preference, granulose veil, and distinctively shaped spores suggests it may occur undetected in similar alpine environments.

Coprophilous fungus
A coprophilous fungus (dung-loving fungus) is a type of saprobic fungus that grows on animal dung. The hardy spores of coprophilous species are unwittingly consumed by herbivores from vegetation, and are excreted along with the plant matter. The fungi then flourish in the faeces, before releasing their spores to the surrounding area.
Avon Green Belt
The Avon Green Belt, also known as the Bristol and Bath Green Belt (or Bath and Bristol Green Belt), is a non-statutory green belt environmental and planning policy that regulates urban expansion and development in the countryside surrounding the cities of Bristol and Bath in the South West region of England. It covers areas in Bristol, South Gloucestershire, the county of Somerset which include the council areas of North Somerset, Bath and North East Somerset and Somerset, and Wiltshire. Essentially, the function of the green belt is to limit urban sprawl and maintain the open character of areas around the Bristol and Bath built up areas, and nearby towns and villages. The policy is implemented by local planning authorities on the basis of guidance from central government.

Bath and North East Somerset
Bath and North East Somerset (B&NES) is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Somerset, South West England. As its name suggests, it comprises the north-east part of Somerset including  the city of Bath, which is its administrative headquarters. It has an area of 136 square miles (352 km2).

The area was created on 1 April 1996 as part of the abolition of the county of Avon, and covers the same area as the former Avon districts of Wansdyke and Bath. Legally, it comprises a non-metropolitan county and a non-metropolitan district with identical boundaries. The area is governed by Bath and North East Somerset Council, which was created on the same date and which is constituted as a non-metropolitan district council with the responsibilities of a non-metropolitan county council. In addition to its headquarters in Bath, it also has offices in Keynsham. Other settlements in the area include Midsomer Norton, Radstock, Westfield, and Saltford.
Gateshead Fell
Gateshead Fell was a district in County Durham, England. It was located on the immediate border of the town of Gateshead, 2.3 miles from the city of Newcastle upon Tyne. Once described as a "dark, spongy moor", Gateshead Fell existed in some form for almost nine hundred years before it was enclosed in 1809 and divided into a number of villages, notably Sheriff Hill, Low Fell and Wrekenton, which were themselves absorbed by the urban expansion of Gateshead and were officially incorporated into the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead with the passing of the Local Government Act in 1974.

Wrekenton
Wrekenton is a residential area in Gateshead, located around 3.5 miles (5.6 km) from Newcastle upon Tyne, 11 miles (18 km) from Sunderland, and 14 miles (23 km) from Durham. In 2011, Census data for the Gateshead Metropolitan Borough Council ward of High Fell recorded a total population of 6,110.

Wrekenton is bordered by Beacon Lough to the north, Harlow Green to the west, and Eighton Banks to the south. A large part of Wrekenton consists of a council estate, known as Springwell Estate. This is distinct from Springwell Village, which is located a short distance across the border, within the City of Sunderland.
Ahmed Naji
Ahmed Naji (born 15 September 1985) (Arabic: أحمد ناجي) is an Egyptian journalist and literary novelist. He was born in Mansoura. He has written numerous journalistic and critical articles and several books, including The Use of Life (2014), which resulted in his being jailed in Egypt in 2016 for "violating public modesty," due to its sexual content and drug references, marking the first time in modern Egypt that an author has been jailed for a work of literature.

He served almost 300 days in jail before being released, and later was given the PEN/Barbey Freedom to Write Award by PEN America. He moved to Washington, D.C. with his wife, and was a City of Asylum Fellow at the UNLV Black Mountain Institute in Las Vegas, Nevada, from 2019 to 2023. Naji was a regular contributor to Al-Akhbar al-Adab and Al-Masry Al-Youm, among other publications.

Mansoura, Egypt
Mansoura (El Manṣūra, IPA: [el.mɑnˈsˤuːɾɑ], rural: [el.mænˈsˤuːɾe]) is a city in Egypt located on the eastern bank of the Damietta branch of the Nile river. The city is the capital of the Dakahlia Governorate and has an estimated population of 632,330 as of 2023.
Gorakhpur–Okha Express
The 15045 / 15046 Gorakhpur–Okha Express is an express train of the Indian Railways connecting Gorakhpur Junction in Uttar Pradesh and Okha in Gujarat. It is currently being operated with 15045/15046 train numbers on a weekly basis.

Gorakhpur Junction railway station
Gorakhpur Junction railway station (station code: GKP) is located in the city of Gorakhpur in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It has the world's second longest railway platform after Hubballi Junction railway station in Karnataka. It serves as the headquarters of the North Eastern Railway, part of Indian Railways. The station offers Class A+ railway station facilities.

Gorakhpur Junction railway station is a major railway station in the state of Uttar Pradesh, especially in the Purvanchal region (Eastern Uttar Pradesh). It connects Eastern Uttar Pradesh to Bihar, Nepal, and Northern India to Bihar.
Taoist temple
A Taoist or Daoist temple, also known by its Chinese names as a guan, daoguan, or gongguan, is a place where the Tao is observed and cultivated. It is a place of worship in Taoism. Taoism is a religion that originated in China, with the belief in immortality, which urges people to become immortal through moral and health cultivation.

Structure and function can vary according to the Taoist school the temple belongs to. For example, guàn of the Quanzhen School are monasteries where celibate daoshi "priests" live.

Quanzhen School
The Quanzhen School (全真: Quánzhēn, "All-True", Complete Perfection, Integrating Perfection or Complete Reality) is currently one of the two dominant denominations of Daoism in China (the other being Zhengyi Dao or "Orthodox Unity"). It originated in the Shandong peninsula in 1170.

One of its founders was master Wang Chongyang (1113–1170). When the Mongols invaded China, the Quanzhen Taoists exerted great effort in keeping the peace, thus saving most Han Chinese lives.

Qiu Chuji, a major disciple of Wang, founded the Dragon Gate lineage (龍門派 Lóngmén pài), along with the White Cloud Monastery in Beijing. This tradition remains one of the largest Taoist sects in China today.
Hand tool
A hand tool is any tool that is powered by hand rather than a motor. Categories of hand tools include wrenches, pliers, cutters, files, striking tools, struck or hammered tools, screwdrivers, vises, clamps, snips, hacksaws, drills, and knives.

Outdoor tools such as garden forks, pruning shears, and rakes are additional forms of hand tools. Portable power tools are not hand tools.

Manual labour
Manual labour (in Commonwealth English, manual labor in American English) or manual work is physical work done by humans, in contrast to labour by machines and working animals. It is most literally work done with the hands (the word manual coming from the Latin word for hand) and, by figurative extension, it is work done with any of the muscles and bones of the human body. For most of human prehistory and history, manual labour and its close cousin, animal labour, have been the primary ways that physical work has been accomplished.
Rock art of the Chumash people
Chumash rock art is a genre of paintings on caves, mountains, cliffs, or other living rock surfaces, created by the Chumash people of Southern California. Pictographs and petroglyphs are common through interior California, the rock painting tradition thrived until the 19th century. Chumash rock art is considered to be some of the most elaborate and plentiful rock art tradition in the region.

The Chumash are probably best known for the pictographs, which were brightly colored paintings of humans, animals, and abstract circles. They were thought to be part of religious rituals and astrononomical events .

Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. The term generally refers to rock engravings of ancient origin, often associated with prehistoric peoples. The oldest petroglyphs in the world are deemed to be those at Murujuga in Western Australia, which are 40,000–50,000 years old. Some petroglyphs are classified as protected monuments and some have been added to the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, or such status has been applied for.
Steven Plaut
Steven Plaut (Hebrew: סטיבן פלאוט; 1951 – January 17, 2017) was an Israeli economist, academic and writer. He was an associate professor of Business Administration at the University of Haifa as well as a member of the editorial board of the Middle East Quarterly, a publication of the Middle East Forum think tank.

Middle East Forum
The Middle East Forum (MEF) is an American conservative 501(c)(3) think tank founded in 1990 by Daniel Pipes, who now serves as its chairman. Gregg Roman serves as director of the forum. MEF became an independent non-profit organization in 1994. It publishes a journal, the Middle East Quarterly.
Fasque House
Fasque, also known as Fasque House or Fasque Castle, is a mansion in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, situated near the village of Fettercairn, in the former county of Kincardineshire.

Fasque was the property of the Ramsays of Balmain, and the present house was completed around 1809, replacing an earlier house. It was purchased in 1829 by Sir John Gladstone, 1st Baronet, father of Thomas Gladstone and William Ewart Gladstone, later Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, who often stayed there. Fasque was a family home of the Gladstones until the 1930s, and was open to the public during the last quarter of the 20th century. In 2010 Fasque House was bought by Fasque House Properties Ltd and restoration work was begun.

Ramsay baronets
There have been five baronetcies created for members of Clan Ramsay, four in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. The baronetcy in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom is extant as of 2026.

Ramsay baronets of Balmain (first creation, 1625)

Ramsay baronets of Whitehill (1665)

Ramsay baronets of Bamff (1666)

Ramsay baronets of Abbotshall (1669): see Sir Andrew Ramsay, 1st Baronet

Ramsay baronets of Balmain (second creation, 1806)
Hospital L'Océan
Hospital L'Océan was a military hospital during the First World War at De Panne, West Flanders, Belgium. It was established on Queen Elisabeth of Bavaria's behalf by Doctor Antoine Depage and his wife, Marie Depage (Born Picard), who died during the RMS Lusitania disaster, and Archibald Alexander Gordon alias Major Gordon. The hospital was located in the former summer vacation Hotel L'Océan owned by the Huysseune family and built-in 1904. She was opened on 18 December 1914 by Antoine Depage, and the five-story high hospital maintained two operation rooms, two hundred beds, a dentist practice and a biomedical laboratory. During the war, many Belgian, British, French, American, Canadian, Danish, and even New Zealand nurses volunteered in the hospital; together, they nursed 19.375 wounded soldiers until it closed on 15 October 1919 after a Spanish flu outbreak. The building was later torn down. Today a memorial plaque for the hospital stands at 70, Zeedijk in De Panne.

De Panne
De Panne (Dutch pronunciation: [də ˈpɑnə] ⓘ; French: La Panne [la pan]) is a town and a municipality located on the North Sea coast of the Belgian province of West Flanders. There it borders France, making it the westernmost town in Belgium. It is one of the most popular resort town destinations within Belgium. The municipality includes the village of Adinkerke. On 1 January 2011, De Panne had a total population of 10,748 on a total area of 23.90 km2, which gives a population density of 449.7 inhabitants per km2.
Traineeship scheme of the European Commission
The official traineeship scheme of the European Commission, also known as the Blue Book Traineeship, is a traineeship programme providing official in-service training with the European Commission.
Aimed at young university graduates, it has been running since 1960 and is the biggest traineeship programme in the world. Traineeships, which start in October or March and last five months, are carried out in a Directorate-General or a service of the Commission, in a Commissioner's Cabinet, or in some of European Union's executive bodies and agencies. The programme is managed by a dedicated Traineeships Office within DG EAC, with an annual budget of €7 million, that runs a selection procedure to recruit approximately 600 trainees (also called Blue book stagiaires) for each traineeship period.

Institutions of the European Union
The institutions of the European Union are the seven principal decision-making bodies of the European Union and Euratom governed under the Treaties of the European Union and European Union law. They are, as listed in Article 13 of the Treaty on the European Union:

the European Parliament,

the European Council (of heads of state or government),

the Council of the European Union (of member state ministers, a council for each area of responsibility),

the European Commission,

the Court of Justice of the European Union,

the European Central Bank and

the European Court of Auditors.

Institutions are distinct from both advisory bodies to the European Union and agencies of the European Union.
Anthony Wong Yiu-ming
Anthony Wong Yiu-ming (Chinese: 黃耀明; born 16 June 1962) is a Hong Kong singer, songwriter, actor, record producer and political activist. He rose to prominence as the vocalist for the Cantopop duo Tat Ming Pair during the 1980s before embarking on a solo career. He also performed and collaborated with the theatre group Zuni Icosahedron. Wong is the director for music production company People Mountain People Sea. He also co-founded the LGBT rights organization Big Love Alliance and the non-profit charitable organization Renaissance Foundation.

On 3 January 2019, Wong and bandmate Tats Lau received the Golden Needle Award for Tat Ming Pair's outstanding musical contributions at the RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards.

Top Ten Chinese Gold Songs Award
Top Ten Chinese Gold Songs Awards (Chinese: 十大中文金曲頒獎音樂會) is one of the main C-pop music award in Hong Kong.  The award is sponsored by RTHK.  Beginning in 1978, it is the oldest major award in Hong Kong, even earlier than the  Jade Solid Gold Awards.  The ceremony is usually held in January following the end of the previous music season. It usually takes place at the Hong Kong Coliseum, sometimes at the Sha Tin Racecourse.
Cochleosauridae
Cochleosauridae is a family of edopoid temnospondyl amphibians, among the most basal of temnospondyls. Most members of this family are known from the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) and early Permian (Cisuralian) of Europe and North America, though Nigerpeton is known from the Late Permian (Lopingian) of Niger in North Africa.

Lopingian
The Lopingian,  informally the Late or Upper Permian, is the uppermost series/last epoch of the Permian, and last epoch of the Paleozoic. The Lopingian was preceded by the Guadalupian and followed by the Early Triassic.

The name was introduced by Amadeus William Grabau in 1931 and derives from Leping, Jiangxi in China. It consists of two stages/ages. The earlier is the Wuchiapingian and the later is the Changhsingian.

The International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2018/07) provides a numerical age of 259.1 ±0.5 Ma. If a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) has been approved, the lower boundary of the earliest stage determines numerical age of an epoch. The GSSP for the Wuchiapingian has a numerical age of 259.8 ± 0.4 Ma.

Evidence from Milankovitch cycles suggests that the length of an Earth day during this epoch was approximately 22 hours.