hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cathode ray
Cathode rays are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, glass behind the positive electrode is observed to glow, due to electrons emitted from the cathode (the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage supply). They were first observed in 1859 by German physicist Julius Plücker and Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, and were named in 1876 by Eugen Goldstein Kathodenstrahlen, or cathode rays. In 1897, British physicist J. J. Thomson showed that cathode rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the electron. Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) use a focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields to render an image on a screen.

Electrode
An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or a gas). In electrochemical cells, electrodes are essential parts that can consist of a variety of materials (chemicals) depending on the type of cell.  An electrode may be called either a cathode or anode according to the direction of the electric current, unrelated to the potential difference between electrodes.

Michael Faraday coined the term "electrode" in 1833; the word recalls the Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, "amber") and ὁδός (hodós, "path, way").

The electrophore, invented by Johan Wilcke in 1762, was an early version of an electrode used to study static electricity.
Darlington Open
The Darlington Open. also known as the Darlington Association Tournament   was a late Victorian era men's and women's grass court tennis tournament founded in 1881. It was organised by the Darlington Outdoor's Sports Association and held at the Feethams Cricket Ground Darlington, County Durham, England. The tournament ran annually until 1933.

Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It lies on the River Skerne, 13 miles (21 km) west of Middlesbrough and 17 miles (27 km) south of Durham. Darlington had a population of 107,800 at the 2021 Census, making it a "large town" and one of the largest settlements in North East England. The town is linked to London, Leeds, York, Newcastle and Edinburgh by the East Coast Main Line railway and the A1 road.
Halik (TV series)
Halik (International title: Betrayal / transl. Kiss) is a Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Carlo Po Artillaga and Cathy O. Camarillo, it stars Jericho Rosales, Sam Milby, Yen Santos and Yam Concepcion. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from August 13, 2018 to April 26, 2019, replacing Since I Found You and was replaced by Sino ang Maysala?: Mea Culpa.

Yam Concepcion
Lorraine May "Yam" Concepcion-Cuunjieng (born May 27, 1988) is a Filipino actress known for her role in the erotic thriller movie Rigodon directed by Erik Matti, and she rose to fame on the 2013 daytime television series Dugong Buhay alongside Ejay Falcon and Arjo Atayde.
Walter Moyse
Walter Moyse (born in 1981) is a 6-foot-11-inch (211 cm) Canadian basketball player, playing professional basketball in Europe following a successful collegiate career at Acadia University in Canada. Born in Summerside, Prince Edward Island, he is the younger brother of Canadian Gold Medal Olympian and World Rugby Hall of Fame member Heather Moyse.

Heather Moyse
Heather Moyse OPEI (born July 23, 1978) is a Canadian athlete and two-time Olympic gold medalist, representing Canada in international competition as a bobsledder, rugby union player, and track cyclist and competing at the Canadian intercollegiate level in rugby, soccer and track and field.
Find Your Man
Find Your Man is a 1924 American silent action/melodrama film starring Rin Tin Tin and June Marlowe. It was directed by Mal St. Clair who persuaded Warner Bros. to hire his friend, Darryl F. Zanuck, to write the screenplay; this began a long association between Zanuck and Rin Tin Tin.
Filming took place in Klamath Falls, Oregon. This film survives. It was transferred onto 16mm film by Associated Artists Productions in the 1950s and shown on television.

Find Your Man was promoted as “wholesome melodrama at its very best.”

June Marlowe
June Marlowe (born Gisela Valaria Goetten, November 6, 1903 – March 10, 1984) was an American film actress who began her career during the silent film era. She was best known for her role as "Miss Crabtree" in the Our Gang shorts.
If I Were Single
If I Were Single is a 1927 American synchronized sound comedy film directed by Roy Del Ruth and starring May McAvoy, Conrad Nagel, and Myrna Loy. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using the Vitaphone sound-on-disc process.

The film was based on the story "Two-Time Marriage" by Jack Townley. The story was adapted into an All-Talking sound film in 1930 under the title of Divorce Among Friends by Warner Bros.

May McAvoy
May Irene McAvoy (September 8, 1899 – April 26, 1984) was an American actress who worked mainly during the silent-film era. Some of her major roles are Laura Pennington in The Enchanted Cottage, Esther in Ben-Hur, and Mary Dale in The Jazz Singer.
Darling of the King
Darling of the King (German: Königsliebchen) is a 1924 German silent film directed by Heinz Schall and starring Ruth Weyher, Elisabeth Pinajeff and Bruno Kastner.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Hermann Warm and Gustav A. Knauer.

Ruth Weyher
Ruth Weyher (28 May 1901 – 27 January 1983) was a German film actress of the silent era. She appeared in 60 films between 1920 and 1930. She starred in the 1926 film Secrets of a Soul, which was directed by Georg Wilhelm Pabst.
Silent Honor (TV series)
Silent Honor (Chinese: 沉默的荣耀) is a 2025 Chinese spy drama television series. Co-directed by China’s Ministry of State Security and Taiwan Affairs Office, the series is based on the life of Wu Shi and stars Yu Hewei, Wu Yue, Wei Chen, and Zeng Li.

Wu Yue (actress)
Wu Yue (Chinese: 吴越; born 10 April 1972) is a Chinese actress, best known in film for portraying Li Weihua in Chrysanthemum Tea, Chen Cuifen in Road to Dawn, and Li Lianqiao in Former Wife, and has received critical acclaim for her television work, particularly as Wen Lu in Age of Peace and Dong Guilan in The Great China Earthquake.
Jacob Zuma rape trial
South African politician Jacob Zuma—later the President of South Africa—was charged with rape on 6 December 2005. He was prosecuted in the Johannesburg High Court between March and May 2006. On 8 May, the Court dismissed the charges, agreeing with Zuma that the sex act in question had been consensual. During the trial, Zuma admitted to having unprotected sex with his accuser, whom he knew to be HIV-positive, but memorably claimed that he took a shower afterwards to reduce his risk of contracting HIV.

Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law which has general jurisdiction over the South African province of Gauteng and the eastern part of North West province. The main seat of the division is at Pretoria, while a local seat at Johannesburg has concurrent jurisdiction over the southern parts of Gauteng.

Audrey Ledwaba has been the Acting Judge President of the division since appointment of Dunstan Mlambo as Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa.
Susraal Mera
Susraal Mera (transl. My In-laws) is a Pakistani television soap series aired on Hum TV. The series was written by Nuzhat Saman, directed by Saima Waseem and produced by Momina Duraid of MD Productions. It stars an assemble cast of Zarnish Khan, Behroze Sabzwari, Umair Laghari, Ahsan Qadir, Imran Aslam (actor), Madiha Hussain Zaidi, Mahjabeen Habib, Maryum Tariq, Rozina, Mehmood Akhter, Myra Sajid, Shaista Jabeen, Ali Asghar Abbas and Anas Ali Imran. At 3rd Hum Awards series won all of its three nominations including: Best Soap Actor for Imran Aslam, Best Soap Actress for Zarnish Khan and Best Soap Series for Momina Duraid.

Hum TV
Hum TV HD is a 24-hour Urdu general entertainment TV channel based in Karachi, Pakistan. It was founded by Sultana Siddiqui and Duraid Qureshi in 2005.

It is owned by Hum Network Limited and traded on the Pakistan Stock Exchange as (HUMNL).

Hum Network Limited was known as Eye Television Network Limited prior to 21 January 2011. Hum TV began its transmission on 17 January 2005. In March 2013, Hum Network held its first Hum Awards ceremony. As of 1 May 2018, Hum TV shut down its SD feed and shifted to HD resolution in Pakistan.

Hum TV is one of Pakistan's biggest entertainment networks and regularly is in the  top ranks and maintains a loyal fanbase on social media in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and streaming platforms, as well as on television.
Derek Handley
Derek Handley (born 1978) is a New Zealand entrepreneur, speaker, and author who was born in Hong Kong. With his brother Geoffrey Handley, he co-founded the global mobile marketing and media company The Hyperfactory and the mobile advertising network Snakk Media, which subsequently failed. He is the founder and managing partner of Aera VC, and founder of Wiser Conversations, "a series of virtual conversations designed to help us reflect and respond to our new surreality", created as a response to the pandemic.

Mobile advertising
Mobile advertising is a form of advertising via mobile (wireless) phones or other mobile devices. It is a subset of mobile marketing, mobile advertising can take place as text ads via SMS, or banner advertisements that appear embedded in a mobile web site.

It is estimated that global mobile app-installed ads accounted for 66% of all mobile advertising revenue in 2023 and made $315 billion. Other ways mobile advertising can be purchased include working with a mobile demand-side platform, in which ad impressions are bought in real-time on an ad exchange. It is projected that global advertising will have a double-digit increase until 2027.
Richa Pallod
Richa Pallod is an Indian model and actress who appears in films of 5 languages, predominantly in Hindi, Telugu, and Tamil films. She has also been featured in  Kannada and Malayalam language films. After appearing as a child artiste in Lamhe (1991), she appeared in an award-winning role in Nuvve Kavali (2000), her first film in Telugu.

Her most notable Hindi film is Yash Raj Films' Neal 'n' Nikki (2005). Her roles in Tamil films Shahjahan (2001) and Unakkum Enakkum (2006) are noted whilst she has also featured in Kannada and Malayalam language films.

Yash Raj Films
Yash Raj Films (YRF) is an Indian film production and distribution company founded by filmmaker Yash Chopra in 1970. Since 2012, it has been led by his son Aditya Chopra. The company primarily produces and distributes Hindi films and has played a significant role in shaping the Hindi film industry.
Frank C. Lang
Frank Christian Lang (September 13, 1918 – December 29, 2008) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. A veteran of three wars, Lang began his career as fighter pilot in World War II and rose to the command of Marine Aircraft Group during the Vietnam War. Lang was promoted to the general's rank following the war and held several important assignments including command of 1st and 3rd Marine Aircraft Wings. He completed his career as Deputy Commander, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific in 1978.

Herman Nickerson Jr.
Herman Nickerson Jr. (30 July 1913 – 26 December 2000) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of lieutenant general. A veteran of several wars, he distinguished himself during the Korean War as commanding officer, 7th Marine Regiment and received the Distinguished Service Cross, the second highest military award that can be given to a member of the United States Armed Forces for extreme gallantry and risk of life in actual combat with an armed enemy force.

He served two tours of duty in South Vietnam and distinguished himself as commanding general, III Marine Amphibious Force which was responsible for all marine forces in the later part of the Vietnam War. Following his retirement, Nickerson worked as chairman, National Credit Union Administration.
PEPSU Road Transport Corporation
PEPSU Road Transport Corporation (PRTC) is a bus operator in Punjab state of India. It is a state-run corporation, with headquarters in Patiala. The company was originally formed as the Road Transport Corporation of the state of PEPSU, but when that state was merged into Punjab, it became the Road Transport Corporation for the whole of Punjab. In 1966, when Haryana and Himachal were carved out of Punjab, they formed their own Road Transport Companies named as HRTC and Haryana Roadways.

Patiala
Patiala (Punjabi pronunciation: [pʌʈeɑ̈ːɭɑ]) is a city in southeastern Punjab, northwestern India. It is the fourth largest city in the state and is the administrative capital of Patiala district. Patiala is located around the Qila Mubarak (the 'Blessed Castle') constructed by a chieftain Ala Singh, who founded the royal dynasty of Patiala State in 1763, and after whom the city is named.

In popular culture, the city remains famous for its traditional Patiala shahi turban (a type of headgear), paranda (a tasselled tag for braiding hair), Patiala salwar (a type of female trousers), jutti (a type of footwear) and Patiala peg (a measure of liquor). Patiala is also known as the Royal City and the Beautiful City.
Levon (song)
"Levon" is a song written by British musician Elton John and lyricist Bernie Taupin, and performed by John. It was recorded on 27 February 1971, and was released on John's album Madman Across the Water. Backing vocals are provided by Tony Burrows. Paul Buckmaster wrote the orchestral arrangements and conducted the orchestra.

The song reached number 24 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and peaked at number six on the Canadian RPM singles chart.

Paul Buckmaster
Paul John Buckmaster (13 June 1946 – 7 November 2017) was a British cellist, arranger, conductor and composer, with a career spanning five decades.

He is best known for his orchestral collaborations with David Bowie, Shawn Phillips, Elton John, Harry Nilsson, The Rolling Stones, Carly Simon, Leonard Cohen, Miles Davis, and the Grateful Dead in the 1970s, followed by his contributions to the recordings of many other artists, including Stevie Nicks, Lionel Richie, Celine Dion, Carrie Underwood, Kenny Rogers, Guns N' Roses, Lloyd Cole, Taylor Swift, Something Corporate, Train,  and Heart.
J. I. Rodale
Jerome Irving Rodale (/ˈroʊdeɪl/; né Cohen; August 16, 1898 – June 8, 1971) was a publisher, editor, and author who founded Rodale, Inc. in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, and The Rodale Institute, formerly the Soil Health Foundation.

Rodale was an early advocate of sustainable agriculture and organic farming in the United States. As an author, his work included several magazines and books, including books featuring different authors, on the subject of health. He popularized the term "organic" as a term for growing food without pesticides. Rodale also published works on other topics, including The Synonym Finder.

On June 8, 1971, Rodale died after suffering a fatal heart attack while appearing as a guest on a segment, which was never broadcast, of The Dick Cavett Show. Rodale was taken to Roosevelt Hospital and pronounced dead on arrival at age 72.

Mount Sinai West
Mount Sinai West, opened in 1871 as Roosevelt Hospital, is affiliated with the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the Mount Sinai Health System.

The 514-bed facility is located in the Midtown West neighborhood of New York City. The facility provides numerous clinical specialties including, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthopedics, hand surgery, breast surgery, colorectal surgery, vascular surgery, neurology, neurosurgery, obstetrics and gynecology, emergency department, intensive care and urology.

In 2007, Mount Sinai West received advanced certification in total hip and knee replacement surgery from The Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO).

It is designated a Level 3 Perinatal Center, AIDS Center, Thrombectomy-capable Stroke Center, and designated Sexual Assault Forensic Examiner (SAFE) Program Hospital. As of 2023, Evan Flatow serves as President.
Taraklı, Dargeçit
Taraklı (Kurdish: Miştê; Syriac: Maštī) is a settlement in the district of Dargeçit, Mardin Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Erebiyan tribe. It is located near the Tigris in the historic region of Tur Abdin.

Dargeçit
Dargeçit (Arabic: كربوران, Kurdish: Kerboran, Syriac: ܟܦܪܒܘܪܐܢ, romanized: Karburan) is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 519 km2, and its population is 27,147 (2022). The town is principally populated by Kurds of the Erebiyan tribe. It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.
Howard Bachrach
Howard Lloyd Bachrach (May 21, 1920 – June 26, 2008) was an American scientist who made research contributions to the understanding of viruses such as foot-and-mouth disease and polio. Bachrach's work led to the first vaccination developed through genetic engineering techniques. He worked for the United States Department of Agriculture and was chief scientist at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center. Bachrach was a recipient of the National Medal of Science and was a member of the National Academy of Sciences.

National Medal of Science
The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the president of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social sciences, biology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and physics. The twelve member presidential Committee on the National Medal of Science is responsible for selecting award recipients and is administered by the National Science Foundation (NSF). It is the highest science award in the United States.
Zbrojovka Z 18
The Zbrojovka Z 18 was a car produced by Československá Zbrojovka in the 1920s. Derived from the more powerful of two Z 26 designs developed following the Disk, the Z 18 was first produced in 1925. The car was produced in a variety of body types, including a four seat open-top phaeton fitted with one, two and four doors, limousine and landaulet and a two-door roadster. It had a two-stroke two-cylinder 1,004 cc (61.3 in3) engine which enabled the car to reach a speed of 80 km/h (50 mph). A total of 2,510 vehicles were produced before production ceased in 1930.

Limousine
A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short, is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically. A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.

In some countries, such as the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.
Gambir, Jakarta
Gambir is a district (Indonesian: kecamatan) in  the administrative city of Central Jakarta, Indonesia. It is characterized by many historic buildings from the colonial era. It hosts some of the foremost political and learning/tourism features of the capital. The Merdeka Palace (the presidential palace of Indonesia), the National Museum, the headquarters of the Indonesian Scout Movement and the Merdeka Square (in which stands the National Monument) are among these.

One of the busiest railway stations, Gambir Station, is in the focal Gambir neighbourhood (an underlying Administrative Village as the translation is usually rendered) of the district. The City Hall of Central Jakarta is in Petojo Selatan here.

Merdeka Palace
The Merdeka Palace (Indonesian: Istana Merdeka; also known in Indonesian as Istana Gambir and during the Dutch colonial times as Paleis te Koningsplein), is one of seven presidential palaces in Indonesia. It is located on the north side of the Merdeka Square in Central Jakarta, Indonesia, and was used as the official residence of the president of the Republic of Indonesia.

The palace was a residence for the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies during the colonial era. In 1949, the palace was renamed Merdeka Palace, "(ke)merdeka(an)" meaning "freedom" or "independence".

The Merdeka Palace is part of the 6.8 ha (17 acres) Jakarta Presidential Palace Complex, which also includes the Negara Palace, Wisma Negara (state guest house), Sekretariat Negara (State Secretariat), and the Bina Graha building. It is the center of the Indonesian executive authority.
Shams ibn Uthman
Shams ibn Uthman (Arabic: شمس بن عثمان‎; died 625 CE) was an early companion (Sahabi) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad ﷺ. He was among the first converts to Islam from the Quraysh tribe and participated in both the first migration to Abyssinia and the Hijra to Medina. He fought in the battles of Badr and Uhud, where he was killed while defending the Prophet.

Abyssinia
Abyssinia (/æbɪˈsɪniə/; also known as Abyssinie, Abissinia, Habessinien, or Al-Habash) was an ancient region in the Horn of Africa situated in the northern highlands of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea. The term was widely used as an official international synonym for Ethiopia until the mid-20th century and primarily designates the Ethio-Semitic speaking inhabitants of the highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
Xiao Hua Gong
Xiao Hua Gong (Chinese: 龚晓华; pinyin: Gōng Xiǎohuá; born c. 1965), also known as Edward Gong, is a Chinese-Canadian businessman, politician, and former theatre director. Gong served as Deputy Director of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade from 2013 to 2016.

In 2023, he ran for mayor of Toronto, finishing 11th with 2,983 votes (0.4% of votes cast). During the campaign, media queried the quantity and cost of his election advertising.

Gong also ran in the 2024 Mississauga mayoral by-election, where he placed ninth. Gong was eligible to run according to a representative as he is a property owner in the city.

Gong ran in the 2025 Canadian federal election in Don Valley North as an independent.

2024 Mississauga mayoral by-election
The 2024 Mississauga mayoral by-election was held on June 10, 2024, to elect the 7th mayor of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, to serve the remainder of the 2022-2026 term following the resignation of mayor Bonnie Crombie. The election, held under first-past-the-post voting, was won by Carolyn Parrish, a city councillor and former member of Parliament (MP). She defeated fellow city councillors Alvin Tedjo, Dipika Damerla, Stephen Dasko, and 16 other candidates. Parrish was sworn in as mayor on June 24.

A by-election for city councillor was held in Ward 5 on the same date, with incumbent councillor Parrish choosing to resign her seat in council to run in the mayoral by-election. That race was won by Natalie Hart who was also sworn in on June 24.