hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shimazu Narioki
Shimazu Narioki (島津 斉興; 1 December 1791 – 7 October 1859) was a Japanese feudal lord (daimyō) of the Edo period, the 27th in the line of Shimazu clan lords of Satsuma Domain (r. 1809–1851). Shimazu was the overseer of the Tenpō Reforms under Zusho Hirosato and an initiator of the Kaei purge. He was the father of Shimazu Nariakira, Shimazu Hisamitsu and Ikeda Naritoshi (1811–1842).

Tenpō Reforms
The Tenpō Reforms (天保の改革, tenpō no kaikaku) were an array of economic policies introduced between 1841 and 1843 by the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan. These reforms were efforts to resolve perceived problems in military, economic, agricultural, financial and religious systems. The changes were intended to address problems in local politics, but they were also addressed more broadly to "domestic uneasiness." The perceived need for change led to the arrest of many prominent political figures and writers. The reforms became a precursor of reforms initiated after the Meiji Restoration two decades later. This reform movement was related to three others during the Edo period: the Kyōhō reforms (1722–1730), the Kansei reforms (1787–1793) and the Keiō Reforms (1864–1867).
1975 Żabbar Avro Vulcan crash
The 1975 Żabbar Avro Vulcan crash was a military aviation accident that occurred in Malta on 14 October 1975 when an Avro Vulcan B.2 bomber crashed after an aborted landing at RAF Luqa. The aircraft crashed in a residential area in Żabbar, and five crew members and one civilian on the ground were killed. The two pilots managed to eject and survived the accident. The crash caused extensive damage to many buildings in Żabbar.

An investigation of the accident cited pilot error as the primary cause.

RAF Luqa
Royal Air Force Luqa (or more simply RAF Luqa) is a former Royal Air Force station located on the island of Malta, now developed into the Malta International Airport.

It hosted aircraft of Air Headquarters Malta (AHQ Malta) during the Second World War. Particularly during the Siege of Malta from 1941 to 1943, RAF Luqa was a very important base for British Commonwealth forces fighting against Italy and Germany for naval control of the Mediterranean and for ground control of North Africa.  Air combat over and near Malta was some of the most ferocious of the war, and a series of airfields were built on the small, rocky island: at Luqa, Ta' Qali, and Hal Far, plus satellite fields at Safi, Qrendi and on Malta's second island of Gozo.
Virginia Scharff
Virginia Scharff (born 1953) is a historian, author who specializes in the history of women of the Western United States. She holds the position at the University of New Mexico as a Distinguished Professor Emeritus of History. Scharff also acts in the role of Chair of Western Women's History at the Autry Museum of the American West.

Autry Museum of the American West
The Autry Museum of the American West (Autry National Center) is a museum in Los Angeles, California, dedicated to exploring an inclusive history of the American West. Founded in 1988, the museum presents a wide range of exhibitions and public programs, including lectures, film, theater, festivals, family events, and music, and performs scholarship, research, and educational outreach. It attracts about 150,000 visitors annually.

In 2013, it extensively redesigned and renovated the Irene Helen Jones Parks Gallery of Art and the Gamble Firearms Gallery in its main building. In its related opening exhibit for the Parks Gallery, Art of the West, the new organization enabled material to be presented in relation to themes rather than chronology, and paintings were shown next to crafts, photography, video and other elements in new relationships.
1st Guards Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division
The 1st Guards Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division PVO (Russian: 1-я гвардейская зенитная артиллерийская дивизия ПВО) was an anti-aircraft artillery division of the Soviet Union's Air Defense Forces (PVO) during World War II and the Cold War.

It traced its origins back to an artillery battery of the Russian Civil War that was expanded into a battalion and a regiment between the wars. At the end of the 1930s it was relocated to Moscow as the 193rd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment, and provided air defense for the city during World War II. It was converted into the 72nd Guards Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment in November 1942, and expanded into the 1st Guards Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division in June 1943. The division covered a sector of the air defense of the city until its disbandment in 1960.

Soviet Air Defence Forces
The Soviet Air Defence Forces (Russian: войска ПВО, romanized: voyska protivovozdushnoy oborony, voyska PVO, V-PVO, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence Troops'; formerly: противовоздушная оборона страны, ПВО страны, romanized: protivovozdushnaya oborona strany, PVO strany, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence of the Country') was the air defence branch of the Soviet Armed Forces.

Formed in 1941, it continued being a service branch of the Russian Armed Forces after 1991 until it was merged into the Air Force in 1998. Unlike Western air defence forces, V-PVO was a branch of the military unto itself, separate from the Soviet Air Force (VVS) and Air Defence Troops of Ground Forces. During the Soviet period it was generally ranked third in importance of the Soviet services, behind the Strategic Rocket Forces and the Ground Forces.
Rock sandpiper
The rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) is a small shorebird in the sandpiper family Scolopacidae. This is a hardy sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and subarctic regions of Alaska and the Chukotka and Kamchatka Peninsulas. It is closely related to the purple sandpiper that breeds in arctic regions of northeast Canada and the northwest Palearctic, and in the past was often considered conspecific with it.

Chukchi Peninsula
The Chukchi Peninsula (also Chukotka Peninsula or Chukotski Peninsula; Russian: Чуко́тский полуо́стров, Chukotskiy poluostrov, short form Russian: Чуко́тка, Chukotka), at about 66° N 172° W, is the easternmost peninsula of Asia.
Gilgarran Branch
The Gilgarran Branch (occasionally referred to as the Gilgarron Branch) was a 7-mile-32-chain-long (11.9 km) single track railway line connecting four separate railway companies in the former county of Cumberland, now part of Cumbria, England.

Cleator and Workington Junction Railway
The Cleator and Workington Junction Railway (C&WJR) was located in West Cumberland in Northern England, serving the towns of Cleator Moor and Workington and intermediate villages. It was mainly used for coal, limestone and iron ore traffic for the local industries.
Mike Lebrón
Miguel Benjamin Lebrón-Laboy (born March 31, 1934), is a Puerto Rican professional pool player nicknamed "Spanish Mike".

Lebrón currently lives in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and actively competes at various pocket billiards events.

Pool (cue sports)
Pool is a group of cue sports played on a billiard table. The table has six pockets along the rails, into which balls are shot. Of the many different pool games, the most popular include: eight-ball, blackball, nine-ball, ten-ball, seven-ball, straight pool, one-pocket, and bank pool. Eight-ball is the most frequently played discipline of pool, and it is often thought of as synonymous with "pool".

The generic term pocket billiards is sometimes also used, and favored by some pool-industry bodies, but is technically a broader classification, including games such as snooker, Russian pyramid, and kaisa, which are not referred to as pool games. There are also hybrid games combining aspects of both pool and carom billiards, such as American four-ball billiards, bottle pool, cowboy pool, and English billiards.
Maxim Mikhaylov
Maxim Mikhaylovich Mikhaylov (Russian: Максим Михайлович Михайлов, IPA: [mɐˈksʲim mʲɪˈxaɪ̯ɫəf]; born 19 March 1988) is a Russian professional volleyball player, a member of the Russia men's national volleyball team and Russian club VC Zenit-Kazan, gold medalist at the Olympic Games London 2012, silver medalist at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020, bronze medalist at the Olympic Games Beijing 2008, gold medalist at the World Cup 2011, European Champion 2013 and 2017 and a multiple medalist of the World League.

Russia men's national volleyball team
The Russia men's national volleyball team is governed by the Russian Volleyball Federation and took part in international volleyball competitions.

FIVB considers Russia as the inheritor of the records of Soviet Union (1948–1991) and CIS (1992).
The USSR Volleyball Federation joined the FIVB in 1948, a year after the foundation of the international governing body. The following year they sent a team to compete in the first FIVB Men’s World Championship and have been dominating the international scene ever since, having won six World Championships, four Olympic Games, six World Cups and 14 European Championships (medals of Russian and the Soviet union combined).

On 28 February 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine and in accordance with a "recommendation" by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), FIVB and CEV suspended the participation of Russia in their competitions.
Harris Girls' Academy Bromley
Harris Girls' Academy Bromley, originally Cator Park School for Girls,  is a secondary school in Beckenham in the London Borough of Bromley, England, for girls between the ages of 11 and 18, with boys joining in Sixth Form. In 2011, the school joined a federation of academies in South London called the Harris Federation, named after the Lord Harris of Peckham who is sponsoring them.

The Academy was ranked 'Outstanding' by Ofsted in 2017. It was awarded with the World Class Schools Quality Mark, joining the just over 140 schools in the UK accredited with the recognition.

Philip Harris, Baron Harris of Peckham
Philip Charles Harris, Baron Harris of Peckham (born 15 September 1942), is an English businessman and politician. Although a prominent Conservative Party donor and former Deputy Chairman of the Conservative Party Board of Treasurers, he supported the Labour Party at the 2024 general election, but maintained the Conservative Whip.

Harris is an active member of the House of Lords, and sponsors a large multi-academy trust, the Harris Federation.
Sonia Citron
Sonia Elizabeth Citron (born October 22, 2003) is an American professional basketball player for the Washington Mystics of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and for the Hive of Unrivaled. She played college basketball for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Citron was selected third overall by the Mystics in the 2025 WNBA draft.

Hive BC
Hive Basketball Club, also known as Hive BC, is an American professional basketball team. They are a member of the Unrivaled basketball league, and made their debut in January 2026. The team is based in Miami, Florida.
Matt Clark (baseball)
Matthew Terry Clark (born December 10, 1986) is an American former professional baseball first baseman and outfielder. He played for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Chunichi Dragons and Orix Buffaloes (NPB). Before beginning his professional career, he played college baseball at UC Santa Barbara and Louisiana State University. Clark also competed for the United States national baseball team and the Mexico national baseball team.

UC Santa Barbara Gauchos baseball
The UC Santa Barbara Gauchos baseball team represents the University of California, Santa Barbara in the sport of baseball. The Gauchos compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) through the Big West Conference. They are currently led by head coach Andrew Checketts, who led his fifth season with the Gauchos in 2016.
Arianit Ferati
Arianit Ferati (born 7 September 1997) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for German 3. Liga club Waldhof Mannheim. Born in Germany, he plays for the Kosovo national team.

Kosovo national football team
The Kosovo national football team (Albanian: Kombëtarja e futbollit të Kosovës; Serbian: Фудбалска репрезентација Косова, romanized: Fudbalska reprezentacija Kosova) represents Kosovo in men's international football. The team is controlled by the Football Federation of Kosovo, the governing body for football in Kosovo, and is under the jurisdiction of FIFA globally.
Zab District
Zab District (Persian: بخش زاب) is in Mirabad County of West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Vavan, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 792 people in 195 households.

Mirabad County
Mirabad County (Persian: شهرستان میرآباد) is in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Mirabad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 6,000 people in 1,550 households.
Love Unseen Beneath the Clear Night Sky
Love Unseen Beneath the Clear Night Sky (Japanese: 透明な夜に駆ける君と、目に見えない恋をした。, Hepburn: Tōmei na Yoru ni Kakeru Kimi to, Me ni Mienai Koi o Shita) is a Japanese light novel series written by Nanigashi Shima and illustrated by raemz. It began publication under SB Creative's GA Bunko imprint in August 2023, with two volumes published as of August 2024. A related light novel titled Yoru ga Aketara Asa ga Kuru was released in August 2024. A manga adaptation illustrated by Hat began serialization on Square Enix's Manga Up! service in August 2024 and has been compiled into a single tankōbon volume as of July 2025. A live-action television drama adaptation aired from December 2025 to February 2026, and an anime television series adaptation produced by Makaria is set to premiere in July 2026.

GA Bunko
GA Bunko (GA文庫) is a publishing label affiliated with the Japanese publishing company SB Creative, a subsidiary of Softbank. It was established in January 2006 and is a light novel label. The label is aimed at males in their teens to their twenties.
Shin-Minamata Station
Shin-Minamata Station (新水俣駅, Shin-Minamata-eki) is a junction passenger railway station located in the city of Minamata, Kumamoto, Japan. It is operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu) and by the third-sector railway company Hisatsu Orange Railway.

Kyushu Railway Company
The Kyushu Railway Company, also referred to as JR Kyushu (JR九州, Jeiāru Kyūshū), is one of the seven constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates intercity rail services within Kyushu, Japan. It formerly operated the Beetle hydrofoil service across the Tsushima Strait between Fukuoka and Busan, South Korea, before its discontinuation in 2024. It also operates hotels, restaurants, and drugstores across its service region. JR Kyushu's headquarters are in Hakata-ku, Fukuoka.
Frederick Kissel
Frederick Templeton Manheim Kissel ISO (27 March 1881 – 15 July 1962) was a New Zealand engineer and engineering administrator. He was born in Templeton, New Zealand, on 27 March 1881.

In the 1948 King's Birthday Honours, Kissel was appointed a Companion of the Imperial Service Order.

Imperial Service Order
The Imperial Service Order was established by King Edward VII in August 1902. It was awarded on retirement to the administration and clerical staff of the Civil Service throughout the British Empire for long and meritorious service. Normally a person must have served for 25 years to become eligible, but this might be shortened to 16 years for those serving in unhealthy climates abroad. There is one class: Companion. Both men and women are eligible, and recipients of this order are entitled to use the post-nominal letters 'ISO'.
Haltdalen Stave Church
Haltdalen Stave Church (Norwegian: Haltdalen stavkyrkje) is a stave church that was originally built in the 1170s in the village of Haltdalen in what is now Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The church is now on display at the Sverresborg Trøndelag Folkemuseum in the city of Trondheim. This is a single-nave stave church of the east Scandinavian-style, and it is the only one that is preserved.

Holtålen Municipality
Holtålen is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Gauldalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is located in the Ålen area of the village of Renbygda. Other villages in the municipality include Hessdalen, Aunegrenda, and Haltdalen.

The 1,210-square-kilometre (470 sq mi) municipality is the 89th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Holtålen Municipality is the 280th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,035. The municipality's population density is 1.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.4/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Preston Hollow Elementary School
Preston Hollow Elementary School is a public primary school in the Preston Hollow area of north Dallas, Texas. Preston Hollow Elementary School enrolls students in grades pre-kindergarten–5 and is a part of the Dallas Independent School District.

The school is located within the Preston Hollow North subdivision. The school serves homes within the homeowner associations of Glen Lakes, Lane Park, Preston Hollow North, Sorento, and Windsor Park. It also serves The Meadows Neighborhood Association and a portion of the Caruth Hills Home Place Neighborhood Association.

In 2006 the school lost a civil lawsuit over a plan to group White students into the same classes and over-classify Hispanic students as English as a second language (ESL) learners in order to group Anglo White students in the same classes.

Fifth grade
Fifth grade (also 5th Grade or Grade 5) is the fifth or sixth year of formal or compulsory education. In the United States, this is mostly the last grade of primary school, but for some states, it could be the first year of middle school. Primary school generally goes from Kindergarten and ends in fifth or sixth grade. Students in fifth grade are usually 10–11 years old. In different countries, they have different names for fifth grade. The list of different versions is below, depending on the country.
Louisa Wall
Louisa Hareruia Wall (born 17 February 1972) is a New Zealand former double international sportswoman, former politician, and human rights advocate. She represented New Zealand in both netball as a Silver Fern from 1989 to 1992 and in rugby union as a member of the Black Ferns from 1995 to 2001, including as a member of the 1991 World Netball Championships runner-up team and 1998 Women's Rugby World Cup winning team.

Wall had a political career with the New Zealand Labour Party between 2002 and 2022. She was a Labour list Member of Parliament (MP) and MP for Manurewa in 2008 and again from 2011 to 2022. Wall was well known for her successful attempt leading the legalisation of same-sex marriage in New Zealand in 2013. She resigned from Parliament to serve as New Zealand's ambassador for Pacific gender equality, a role she held until early 2024.

New Zealand national netball team
The New Zealand national netball team, commonly known as the Silver Ferns (Māori: Rau Hiriwā or Kaponga), represent Netball New Zealand in international netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Taini Jamison Trophy, the Constellation Cup, the Netball Quad Series and the Fast5 Netball World Series. They have also represented New Zealand at the World Games. New Zealand made their test debut in 1938. As of 2023, New Zealand have been world champions on five occasions and Commonwealth champions twice. They are regularly ranked number two in the World Netball Rankings.
Quiin Abenakyo
Quiin Abenakyo (born 11 February 1996) is a Ugandan model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Uganda 2018. She represented Uganda at Miss World 2018 in China and was crowned Miss World Africa 2018. At the Miss World 2018 contest, Abenakyo was a winner in the head to head challenge portion of the contest, and she placed in the Top 5 overall. She is the first Ugandan to place this high in this annual pageant.

Miss World 2018
Miss World 2018 was the 68th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Sanya City Arena in Sanya, China, on 8 December 2018.

Manushi Chhillar of India crowned Vanessa Ponce of Mexico as her successor at the end of the event. It is the first victory of Mexico in the history of the pageant.
Amstrad Action
Amstrad Action is a discontinued monthly magazine, which was published in the United Kingdom. It is about home computers from the Amstrad CPC range and later the GX4000 console.

It is the first magazine published by Chris Anderson's Future Publishing, which with a varied line-up of computing and non-computing related releases has since become one of the foremost magazine publishers in the UK.

The publication, often abbreviated to AA by staff and readers, had the longest lifetime of any Amstrad magazine, running for 117 issues from October 1985 until June 1995 - long after the CPC had ceased production and games were no longer available.

Commodore Format
Commodore Format was a British magazine for users of the Commodore 64 home computer. It was published on the third Thursday of every month. All 61 issues were produced by Future plc. These came towards the end of the machine's commercial life - from October 1990 until October 1995. The magazine would however be in publication for two more years after commercial software for the machine ceased, in which articles were mainly tech-related and reviews of new games were from Public Domain publishers.
O Jung-hup
O Jung-hup (10 July 1910 – 17 December 1939) was a Korean military officer who fought the Japanese with Kim Il Sung.

O was born into a poor family in Seson-ri, Onsong County of North Hamgyong Province, on 10 July 1910. Leading the 7th Regiment of the Korean People's Revolutionary Army, he was killed in action during the Liukesong battle in Dunhua County on 17 December 1939, aged 29.

Korean People's Army
The Korean People's Army (KPA; Korean: 조선인민군; MR: Chosŏn inmin'gun) encompasses the combined military forces of North Korea and the armed wing of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK). The KPA consists of five branches: the Ground Force, the Naval Force, the Air Force, the Strategic Force, and the Special Operations Forces. It is commanded by the WPK Central Military Commission, which is chaired by the WPK general secretary, and the president of the State Affairs; both posts are currently headed by Kim Jong Un.

The KPA considers its primary adversaries to be the Republic of Korea Armed Forces and United States Forces Korea, across the Korean Demilitarized Zone, as it has since the Armistice Agreement of July 1953. As of 2021 it is the second largest military organisation in the world, with 29.9% of the North Korean population actively serving, in reserve or in a paramilitary capacity.