hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard H. Stockbridge
Richard H. Stockbridge is a Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.  His contributions to research primarily involve stochastic control theory, optimal stopping and mathematical finance.  Most notably, alongside Professors Thomas G. Kurtz, Kurt Helmes, and Chao Zhu, he developed the methodology of using linear programming to solve stochastic control problems.

Stochastic control
Stochastic control or stochastic optimal control is a sub field of control theory that deals with the existence of uncertainty either in observations or in the noise that drives the evolution of the system. The system designer assumes, in a Bayesian probability-driven fashion, that random noise with known probability distribution affects the evolution and observation of the state variables.  Stochastic control aims to design the time path of the controlled variables that performs the desired control task with minimum cost, somehow defined, despite the presence of this noise. The context may be either discrete time or continuous time.
Michiel Hazewinkel
Michiel Hazewinkel (born 22 June 1943) is a Dutch mathematician, and Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at the Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science and the University of Amsterdam, particularly known for his 1978 book Formal groups and applications and as editor of the Encyclopedia of Mathematics.

Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
The Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (abbr. CWI; English: "National Research Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science") is a research centre in the field of mathematics and  theoretical computer science. It is part of the institutes organization of the Dutch Research Council (NWO) and is located at the Amsterdam Science Park. This institute is famous as the creation site of the programming language Python. It was a founding member of the European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM).
Bade languages
The Bade languages (also known as B.1 West Chadic or the Bade–Ngizim languages) are a branch of West Chadic languages that are spoken in Borno State and Jigawa State of northern Nigeria. Bade is the most widely spoken language with 250,000 speakers, followed by Ngizim with 80,000 speakers. Many Bade languages, such as Shirawa, Teshenawa, and Auyokawa, are extinct.

Auyokawa language
Auyokawa (Auyo), also known as Tirio, is an extinct Afro-Asiatic language formerly spoken in Auyo LGA, Jigawa State, Nigeria. It is known primarily from a list of numbers, the names of the days of the week, and a phrase.
Terminal Hotel (Atlanta)
The Terminal Hotel was a hotel in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Built by Samuel M. Inman in 1906, the hotel was located at the intersection of Spring Street and Mitchell Street in the Hotel Row district of downtown. It suffered two major fires during its existence, the latter of which completely destroyed the building.

Downtown Atlanta
Downtown Atlanta is the central business district of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The largest of the city's three commercial districts (Midtown and Buckhead being the others), it is the location of many corporate and regional headquarters; city, county, state, and federal government facilities; Georgia State University; sporting venues; and most of Atlanta's tourist attractions. It measures approximately four square miles, and had 26,850 residents as of 2017. Similar to other central business districts in the United States, it has recently undergone a transformation that includes the construction of new condos and lofts, renovation of historic buildings, and arrival of new residents and businesses.
Akuapim-Mampong
Akuapim-Mampong is a  town in the Akuapim North district of the Eastern Region of Ghana. It shares boundaries with Mamfe. It is famous for being the first place cocoa was planted in Ghana by Tetteh Quarshie.

Eastern Region (Ghana)
The Eastern Region is located in the eastern part of Ghana and is one of the sixteen administrative regions of Ghana. Eastern Region is bordered to the east by the Lake Volta, to the north by Bono East Region and Ashanti region, to the west by Ashanti Region, to the south by Central Region and Greater Accra Region. Akans are the dominant inhabitants and natives of Eastern Region, and Akan, Ewe, Krobo, Hausa and English are the main spoken languages. The capital town of Eastern Region is Koforidua. The Eastern Region is the location of the Akosombo Dam, and the economy of the Eastern Region is dominated by its high-capacity electricity generation. Eastern Region covers an area of 19,323 square kilometres, which is about 8.1% of Ghana's total landform.
Andrea Berloff
Andrea Berloff (born April 7, 1974) is an American screenwriter, actress, director, and producer. Berloff is best known for writing the screenplays for the drama films World Trade Center and Straight Outta Compton, receiving an Academy Award nomination for the latter. In 2019, Berloff made her directorial debut with The Kitchen.

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
Diocese of Surat Thani
The Diocese of Surat Thani (Diœcesis Suratthanensis, Thai: สังฆมณฑลสุราษฎร์ธานี) in southern Thailand was founded in 1969, when it was split off from the Diocese of Ratchaburi by the papal bull Qui Regno Christi. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Bangkok. The area of Surat Thani was evangelized by the Salesians of Don Bosco in the 1930s.

The diocese covers an area of 76,562 km2, covering all of the southern provinces of Thailand, including Prachuap Khiri Khan as its northernmost province. As of 2001, of its nine million citizens, 6,682 or 0.1% are members of the Catholic Church. The diocese is divided into 39 parishes, which are grouped by four regions.

Salesians of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB), formally known as the Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Latin: Societas Sancti Francisci Salesii), is a religious congregation of men in the Catholic Church, founded in 1859 by the Italian priest John Bosco to help poor and migrant youth during the Industrial Revolution. The congregation was named after Francis de Sales, a 17th-century bishop of Geneva.

The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". Its associated women's institute is the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, while the lay movement is the Association of Salesian Cooperators.
Tim Dwight
Timothy John Dwight Jr. (born July 13, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver and return specialist for 10 seasons in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Iowa Hawkeyes, and was a two-time All-American.  He was selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the fourth round of the 1998 NFL draft, and he played professionally for the Falcons, San Diego Chargers, New England Patriots, New York Jets and Oakland Raiders of the NFL.

Dwight is remembered for his 94-yard touchdown return on a kickoff in Super Bowl XXXIII against the Denver Broncos.

Iowa Hawkeyes football
The Iowa Hawkeyes football program represents the University of Iowa in college football. The Hawkeyes compete in the Big Ten Conference. Iowa joined the Conference (then known as the Western Conference or Big Nine) in 1899 and played their first Conference football season in 1900. They are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Hawkeyes play their home games in Iowa City, Iowa, at Kinnick Stadium, with a capacity of 69,250. The Hawkeyes are coached by Kirk Ferentz, who is in his 27th season as the head coach and is the longest current tenured head coach in NCAA Division I FBS. The Hawkeyes have won 13 conference championships (including 11 in the Big Ten). Iowa has been ranked #1 in the AP and Coaches Poll 15 times.
Washington's 38th legislative district
Washington's 38th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature.

The district's legislators are state senator June Robinson and state representatives Julio Cortes (position 1) and Mary Fosse (position 2), all Democrats.

Washington State Legislature
The Washington State Legislature is the state legislature of the State of Washington. It is a bicameral body, composed of the lower Washington House of Representatives, composed of 98 representatives, and the upper Washington State Senate, with 49 senators plus the lieutenant governor acting as president.

The state is divided into 49 legislative districts, each of which elect one senator and two representatives. Senators and the lieutenant governor are elected to four-year terms while representatives are elected to two-year terms.

The state legislature meets in the Legislative Building at the Washington State Capitol in Olympia.

As of January 2025, Democrats control both houses of the Washington State Legislature. Democrats hold a 59–39 majority in the House of Representatives and a 30–19 majority in the Senate.
2012 Taiwanese presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Taiwan on 14 January 2012. The election was held concurrently with legislative elections. It was the fifth direct election for the President of the Republic of China. Prior to 1996, the President was elected by the ROC's National Assembly and not directly by the people.

Incumbent Ma Ying-jeou was re-elected as President with 51.6% of the vote. DPP challenger Tsai Ing-wen resigned her post as chairperson of the DPP following her election defeat.

President of the Republic of China
The president of the Republic of China, also known as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Republic of China (Taiwan), as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces. Before 1949 the position had the authority of ruling over mainland China, but losing control of it after communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, the remaining jurisdictions of the ROC have been limited to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and smaller islands.

Originally elected by the National Assembly, the presidency was intended to be a ceremonial office with no real executive power because the ROC was originally envisioned as a parliamentary republic. Since the 1996 election however, the president has been directly elected by plurality voting to a four-year term, with incumbents limited to serving two terms. The current president is Lai Ching-te of the Democratic Progressive Party, preceded by Tsai Ing-wen from the same party.
The Catherine Tate Show series 1
The first series of British television sketch comedy The Catherine Tate Show premiered on BBC Two on 16 February 2004. It consists of six episodes and concluded on 22 March 2004. In the first series audiences are introduced to various characters portrayed by Catherine Tate, including Joannie 'Nan' Taylor, Lauren Cooper and Bernie, the Irish nurse. The series was entirely written by Tate alongside Mathew Horne, Derren Litten, Aschlin Ditta, Arthur Mathews and Bruce Mackinnon.

The series premiered in the United States on 27 November 2004 on an unknown network and concluded on 21 February 2005.

Series one is the recipient of a BAFTA Award, British Comedy Award, and a Banff Rockie Award. It has received several nominations including a BAFTA Award, a British Comedy Award, a Royal Television Society Award and an International Emmy Award.

National Comedy Awards
The National Comedy Awards (known as the British Comedy Awards from 1990 to 2014) is an annual awards ceremony in the United Kingdom, celebrating notable comedians and entertainment performances of the previous year.
Valery Ryzhakov
Valery Nikolayevich Ryzhakov (Russian: Вале́рий Никола́евич Рыжако́в; 23 December 1945 – 31 December 2015) was a Soviet and Russian film and theater actor, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1984), winner of the USSR State Prize (1980).

Honored Artist of the RSFSR
Honored Artist of the RSFSR (Russian: Заслуженный артист РСФСР, Zasluzhenny artist RSFSR) was an honorary title granted to Soviet artists, including theatre and film directors, choreographers, music performers, and orchestra conductors, who had outstanding achievements in the arts, and who lived in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) from 1931 to 1991.
Curraha
Curraha, also written Curragha (Irish: Currach Átha, meaning 'the ford/crossing at the marshy/boggy area'), is a small village in County Meath, Ireland. It is located 4.5 km (2.8 mi) from Ashbourne and 4 km (2.5 mi) from Ratoath, on the R155 road between Ratoath and its junction with the N2. The built-up area is mainly within Crickstown townland.

The area of Curraha stretches from the road towards Ratoath with the border not far from Ratoath Rugby pitch down to past Kilmoon Cross. It also stretches from Greenpark Bridge over to the N2 (along the 'Bog of Curraha').

The theme park Emerald Park is also located in Curraha.

Ratoath
Ratoath (Irish: Ráth Tó, meaning 'Tó's ringfort') is a commuter town in County Meath, Ireland. A branch of the Broad Meadow Water (Broadmeadow River) (Irish: An Gabhair) flows through the town. The R125 and R155 roads meet in the village. At the 2022 census, there were 10,007 people living in Ratoath, making it the fourth largest urban area in Meath. The town is around 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Dublin city centre.
David Murdoch
David Murdoch MBE (born 17 April 1978) is a retired Scottish curler. As the Scotland skip, he and his former team of Ewan MacDonald, Warwick Smith, Euan Byers and Peter Smith are the 2006 and 2009 World Curling Champions. Representing Great Britain, he has been skip at three Winter Olympics, Torino 2006, finishing fourth, Vancouver 2010, finishing fifth and Sochi 2014, where he won an Olympic silver medal. He served as national and Olympic coach for British Curling since September 2018, before being named Curling Canada's high-performance director in early 2023.

World Curling Championships
The World Curling Championships are the annual world championships for curling, organized by the World Curling Federation and contested by national championship teams. There are men's, women's and mixed doubles championships, as well as men's and women's versions of junior and senior championships. There is also a world championship for wheelchair curling. The men's championship started in 1959, while the women's started in 1979. The mixed doubles championship was started in 2008. Since 2005, the men's and women's championships have been held in different venues, with Canada hosting one of the two championships every year: the men's championship in odd years, and the women's championship in even years. Canada has dominated both the men's and women's championships since their inception, although Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany (West Germany), Scotland, the United States, Norway and China have all won at least one championship.
Mutt (email client)
Mutt is a text-based email client for Unix-like systems. It was originally written by Michael Elkins in 1995 and released under the GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

The Mutt slogan is "All mail clients suck. This one just sucks less."

Email client
An email client, email reader, message user agent (MUA), or mail user agent is a computer program used to access and manage a user's email.

A web application which provides message management, composition, and reception functions may act as a webmail client, and a piece of computer hardware or software whose primary or most visible role is to work as an email client may also use the term.
Annan Thangachi
Annan Thangachi (transl. Elder brother, younger sister) is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by Charan Raj. The film stars himself and Shruthi, while Ajay, Janagaraj, Pandu, Thalaivasal Vijay, Indhu, Vadivukkarasi, Ajay Rathnam, and K. R. Vatsala play supporting roles. It was released  on 7 May 1999. The film was a remake of the Kannada film Thavarina Thottilu, also starring Charan Raj and Shruthi.

Vikram Krishna
Vikram Krishna Reddy, credited in films as Ajay, is a former  Indian film producer and actor in Tamil cinema. He is the elder brother of noted actor Vishal and is married to actress Sriya Reddy. He produced films under the banner G.K Film Corporation.
Carrozzeria Sports Cars
Carrozzeria Sports Cars was a small carrozzeria in Modena, Italy, which produced sports and racing car bodies from 1960 until 1971. The company was founded by one-time Formula One driver, Piero Drogo along with coachbuilders Lino Marchesini and Celso Cavalieri. As the public face of the company, Drogo's name became synonymous with the cars produced by C.S.C., which are often referred to as "Drogo" bodies or designs. The workshop constructed bodies for many companies, racing teams and individuals including Scuderia Ferrari, Scuderia Serenissima, Iso and Giotto Bizzarrini. Financial difficulties led to the closure of Carrozzeria Sports Cars in 1971.

Iso (automobile)
ISO Rivolta is an Italian car and motorbike manufacturer active  in the motor vehicle sector since 1938. Over the years, the company has taken various names, including Isothermos, Iso Autoveicoli Spa in 1952, Iso Rivolta in 1962, Iso Motors in 1973 and, in 2017, a return to ISO Rivolta.
USS Savannah (AS-8)
USS Savannah (Id. No. 3015) (later designated AS-8) was a submarine tender in the United States Navy in World War I and the years after. She was launched 18 April 1899 as a German commercial freighter SS Saxonia, but was seized by the United States in 1917 and renamed Savannah. In 1933, the ship was renamed USS AS-8 to allow USS Savannah to have the Savannah name.

USS Savannah (CL-42)
USS Savannah (CL-42) was a light cruiser of the Brooklyn-class that served in World War II in the Atlantic and Mediterranean theatres of operation. Savannah conducted Neutrality Patrols (1941) and wartime patrols in the Atlantic and Caribbean (1942), and supported the invasion of French North Africa in Operation Torch (November 1942). She sought German-supporting blockade runners off the east coast of South America (1943), and supported the Allied landings on Sicily and at Salerno (1943). Off Salerno on 11 September 1943, a German radio-controlled Fritz X glide-bomb caused extensive casualties aboard and serious damage to Savannah, requiring emergency repairs in Malta and permanent repairs at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard.  After repairs and upgrades, she served in the task force that carried President Roosevelt to the Yalta Conference in early 1945.
1983 Extremaduran regional election
A regional election was held in Extremadura on Sunday, 8 May 1983, to elect the 1st Assembly of the autonomous community. All 65 seats in the Assembly were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in twelve other autonomous communities and local elections all across Spain.

The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), under the leadership of pre-autonomic president Juan Carlos Rodríguez Ibarra, won a landslide victory by securing 53% of the share and 36 out of 65 seats. The People's Coalition, the electoral alliance of the People's Alliance (AP), the People's Democratic Party (PDP) and the Liberal Union (UL), emerged as the second largest political force with 30% of the vote and 20 seats, whereas United Extremadura (EU) and the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) entered the Assembly with 6 and 4 seats, respectively.

1983 Spanish local elections
The 1983 Spanish local elections were held on Sunday, 8 May 1983, to elect all 67,505 councillors in the 7,781 municipalities of Spain and all 1,024 seats in 38 provincial deputations. They were held concurrently with regional elections in thirteen autonomous communities, as well as local elections in the three foral deputations of the Basque Country and the ten island councils in the Balearic and Canary Islands.
Soleil (singer)
Soleil Bermart (Buenos Aires, May 7, 1983), better known as Soleil, is an Argentine singer, songwriter and disc jockey. Her single "Pa' la calle" (2019) reached number 31 on Billboard Latin Pop Airplay chart and "No me arrepiento" (2018), a collaboration with Dominican artist Maffio, reached number 29 on the same chart.

Billboard Latin pop charts
The Billboard Latin pop charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Latin Pop Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Latin Pop Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on Latin pop radio stations before switching to a genre-based methodology in August 2020. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different Latin pop charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Latin Pop Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing Latin pop songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

By "Latin pop", Billboard generally refers to the genre as Spanish-speaking pop music, including pop ballads, mid-tempo or up-tempo pop as well as "young pop sounds", "the new Spanish-language rock", pop-rhythmic and pop-dance tunes.
Vilma Bobeck
Vilma Bobeck (born 5 January 1998) is a Swedish sailor. She competed in the 49er FX event at the 2024 Summer Olympics, where she won the silver medal in the women's 49er FX event together with Rebecca Netzler. Bobeck also has four World championship medals in the 49er FX, including one gold, and one in the Europe dinghy.

Europe (dinghy)
The Europe is a one-person dinghy designed in Belgium in 1960 by Alois Roland as a class legal Moth dinghy. The design later changed into its own one-design class.

The dinghy is ideal for sailors weighing 50–85 kilos. The hull is made of fibre glass and weighs 45 kg, fully rigged 60 kg. The dinghy is tapering in the stem and round in the bottom. The sail is made of dacron. The mast is made of carbon fibre and specially designed to the sailor. A soft mast is best for light sailors, while heavier sailors use stiffer masts. Sails are also specially designed according to mast stiffness and crew weight.

The Europe was introduced as an Olympic class in the 1992 Summer Olympics as the women's single-handed dinghy. It was replaced by the Laser Radial in the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Since 2008 the Europe is one of the Vintage Yachting Classes at the Vintage Yachting Games.
Harris Scientific Reserve
Harris Scientific Reserve, 12 km from the town of Ashburton, New Zealand, preserves some of the last remaining kānuka (Kunzea serotina) dryland forest on the Canterbury Plains. The 11.5 ha reserve is owned by the Ashburton District Council and maintained by the Ashburton Community Conservation Trust, with an active programme of volunteer planting.

Ashburton District Council
Ashburton District Council is the territorial authority for the Ashburton District of New Zealand. The council consists of the mayor of Ashburton and nine ward councillors.

The current mayor is Liz McMillan.