hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1946 La Paz riots
The 1946 La Paz riots were a series of increasingly violent strikes and protests which culminated in the lynching and hanging of then president of Bolivia, Gualberto Villarroel, and the complete collapse of his government. The riots occurred in La Paz between 8 and 21 July 1946. What started as teachers' strikes demanding increased wages quickly escalated as university students, organized labor workers, and civilians clashed with municipal police and armed, pro-government civilians. By the end, interim control of the country was handed to a junta of representatives of the three striking groups chaired by independent magistrates of the Superior Court of Justice of the judicial district of La Paz.

Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged or convicted transgressor or to intimidate others. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle (often in the form of a hanging) for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in all societies.

In the United States, where the word lynching likely originated, the practice became associated with vigilante justice on the frontier and mob attacks on African Americans accused of crimes. The latter became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era, especially during the nadir of American race relations. Black people are thought to be the primary victims of lynching in the U.S. (about 72% of the total).
Arctic Dogs
Arctic Dogs (also known as Arctic Justice internationally or Polar Squad in the UK) is a 2019 animated comedy film co-written and directed by Aaron Woodley and co-directed by Dimos Vrysellas. The film stars the voices of Jeremy Renner, Heidi Klum, James Franco, John Cleese, Omar Sy, Michael Madsen, Laurie Holden, Anjelica Huston and Alec Baldwin. The film centers around an arctic fox delivery worker as he and his cohorts attempt to stop a walrus from attempting to melt the ice caps.

Entertainment Studios released Arctic Dogs on November 1, 2019, in Canada and the United States. The film was a major critical and commercial failure, grossing less than a fifth of its production budget of $50 million. Critics panned the film's lack of originality, humor, story, and animation quality.

Despite its reception, the film spawned a franchise, including a web series and multiple spin-off series and films.

Allen Media Group
Allen Media Group, alternatively known by its former name of Entertainment Studios, Inc., is an American media and entertainment company based in Los Angeles. Owned and founded in 1993 by businessman Byron Allen, the company was initially involved in the production and distribution of first-run television series for American television syndication. Under the Entertainment Studios Networks division, it also operates a group of digital cable and satellite channels, which broadcast a mix of original programs and the company's syndicated content.

In the late 2010s, the company made several major expansions to its operations, including entering the film distribution market; acquiring The Weather Channel from NBCUniversal and Bain Capital; partnering with Sinclair Broadcast Group to operate the regional sports network chain Bally Sports via Diamond Sports Group; and its acquisition of television stations from another minority-owned media group, Bayou City Broadcasting.
South Metro Express Lanes (Georgia)
The South Metro Express Lanes is a completed Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) project which has put Peach Pass-only reversible toll lanes along the medians of Interstate 75 (I-75) and I-675 in the southern suburbs of the Atlanta metropolitan area. It carries traffic between Henry and Clayton counties by adding two lanes for paying vehicles along I-75 from SR 20/SR 81 north to I-675 and one south of SR 20/SR 81 to the interstate's interchange with SR 155.

Henry County, Georgia
Henry County is located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. According to the 2020 census, the population of Henry County was 240,712, up from 203,922 in 2010. The county seat is McDonough. The county was named for Patrick Henry.

Henry County is part of the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA metropolitan statistical area. The Henry County Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Nes Municipality (Sør-Trøndelag)
Nes is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1899 until its dissolution in 1964. The 60.5-square-kilometre (23.4 sq mi) municipality encompassed the coastal land north of the Bjugnfjorden as well as the Tarva islands in what is now part of Ørland Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre of Nes was the village of Nes where the Nes Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 60.5-square-kilometre (23.4 sq mi) municipality was the 577th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Nes Municipality was the 597th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,111. The municipality's population density was 18.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (48/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 4.3% over the previous 10-year period.

Bjugnfjorden
Bjugnfjorden is a fjord in Ørland Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) long fjord begins at the village of Bjugn and it heads to the west past the Kjeungskjær Lighthouse into the Atlantic Ocean. Other villages along the fjord include Nes and Uthaug. Bjugn Church is located on the southern shore of the fjord. The Stjørnfjorden lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of it, on the other side of the Ørlandet peninsula.
Adam Riggs
Adam David Riggs (born October 4, 1972) is an American former professional baseball first baseman. He played parts of four years in Major League Baseball, but is better known for the four seasons he spent with the Tokyo Yakult Swallows of the Japanese Central League.

A native of Byram Township, New Jersey, he attended Lenape Valley Regional High School in Stanhope, New Jersey, and is an alumnus of the County College of Morris and the University of South Carolina Aiken.

Tokyo Yakult Swallows
The Tokyo Yakult Swallows (Japanese: 東京ヤクルトスワローズ, Hepburn: Tōkyō Yakuruto Suwarōzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team competing in Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League. Based in Shinjuku, Tokyo, they are one of two professional baseball teams in Tokyo, the other being the Yomiuri Giants. They have won nine Central League championships and six Japan Series championships. Since 1964, they have played their home games at Meiji Jingu Stadium.

The Swallows are named after their corporate owners, Yakult Honsha. From 1950 to 1965, the team was owned by the former Japanese National Railways (known as Kokutetsu (国鉄) in Japanese) and called the Kokutetsu Swallows; the team was then owned by the newspaper Sankei Shimbun from 1965 to 1968 and called the Sankei Atoms. Yakult purchased the team in 1970 and renamed it the Yakult Atoms, before renaming it again as the Yakult Swallows in 1974, and then the Tokyo Yakult Swallows in 2006.
Raül García Paolicchi
Raül García Paolicchi (born 30 December 1952) is an Andorran chess player who received the FIDE title of FIDE Master (FM) in 1993. He is a two-time Andorran Chess Championship winner (2011, 2013) and Chess Olympiad individual gold medalist (1990).

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
Glycoside hydrolase family 45
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 45 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

Glycoside hydrolase family 45 CAZY GH_45 comprises enzymes with only one known activity; endoglucanase (EC 3.2.1.4). This family is also known as cellulase family K. The best conserved region in these enzymes is located in the N-terminal section. It contains an aspartic acid residue which has been shown to act as a nucleophile in the catalytic mechanism. This also has several cysteines that are involved in forming disulphide bridges.

Glycoside hydrolase
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases) are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies (e.g., lysozyme), in pathogenesis mechanisms  (e.g.,  viral neuraminidases) and in normal cellular function  (e.g.,  trimming mannosidases involved in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis). Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
Lee Ruey-tsang
Lee Ruey-tsang (Chinese: 李瑞倉; pinyin: Lǐ Ruìchāng) is a Taiwanese banker and politician. He led the Financial Supervisory Commission from 19 October 2016 to 7 September 2017. Prior to assuming the chairmanship of the FSC, he was chairman of the Bank of Kaohsiung. He has served as Vice Minister of Finance and became acting finance minister in 2008, after Ho Chih-chin resigned.

Ministry of Finance (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Finance (MOF; Chinese: 財政部; pinyin: Cáizhèngbù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Châi-chèng-pō͘) is the ministry of the Republic of China (Taiwan) responsible for government revenue, taxation, treasury, government land properties, customs in Taiwan. The current minister is Chuang Tsui-yun.

The Ministry of Finance also manages the administration of government land, tobacco and alcohol, deposit insurance for banking customers and export-import banking services.

The Emblem of the Ministry of Finance depicts a spade money - an early type of coinage in ancient China. The Western Han dynasty's money spade is used, imprinted with the archaic variation of the word 財.
Mieczysław Lubelski
Mieczysław Jan Ireneusz Lubelski (30 December 1886 – 29 April 1965) was a Polish monumental sculptor and ceramicist. In Poland he was part of the Poznań-based art movement, Świt, (Dawn). He was the author of many public sculptures and monuments, as well as of Religious art in several Polish cities, many of which did not survive the war. A Holocaust survivor, he was hidden by Catholic clergy in Kielce, took part in the Warsaw Uprising and after captivity in a German POW camp, resumed the final years of his career in the United Kingdom. After World War II he became especially known for the Polish Air Force Memorial in Northolt, and for reinstating some of his shattered work in Communist Poland. He also took on interior ceramic designs for exiled Poles in London.

Stalag
In  Germany, the term Stalag (/ˈstælæɡ/; German: [ˈʃtalak]) designated a prisoner-of-war camp. German: Stalag is a contraction of Stammlager, itself short for Kriegsgefangenen-Mannschaftsstammlager, literally "main camp for enlisted prisoners of war" (captured officers were kept in an Oflag).
Therefore, Stalag literally means "main camp".
Commodity broker
A commodity broker is a firm or an individual who executes orders to buy or sell commodity contracts on behalf of the clients and charges them a commission. A firm or individual who trades for his own account is called a trader. Commodity contracts include futures, options, and similar financial derivatives. Clients who trade commodity contracts are either hedgers using the derivatives markets to manage risk, or speculators who are willing to assume that risk from hedgers in hopes of a profit.

Hedge (finance)
A hedge is an investment position intended to offset potential losses or gains that may be incurred by a companion investment. A hedge can be constructed from many types of financial instruments, including stocks, exchange-traded funds, insurance, forward contracts, swaps, options, gambles, many types of over-the-counter and derivative products, and futures contracts.

Public futures markets were established in the 19th century to allow transparent, standardized, and efficient hedging of agricultural commodity prices; they have since expanded to include futures contracts for hedging the values of energy, precious metals, foreign currency, and interest rate fluctuations.
2021 MTN 8
The 2021 MTN 8 was the 47th edition of South Africa's annual soccer cup competition, the MTN 8. It featured the top eight teams of the Premier Soccer League at the end of the 2020–21 season.

Orlando Pirates were defending champions, but were eliminated by Swallows.

MTN 8
The MTN 8 is a South African soccer cup competition launched in 1972 for teams who finished in the top 8 positions of the league table of the country's preceding season of the top-flight league (currently the Premiership).

The winners receive R10 million and the competition's trophy, which is one of the three domestic trophies attainable by its competitors each soccer season, with the other two being the top-flight league title and the country's premier knock-out competition, the Nedbank Cup.

The competition bears the name of its title sponsor; it was known as the BP Top 8 from its inception until 2002, then as the SAA Supa 8 until 2007. It has been known as the MTN 8 since 2008
Yvonne Denis Rosario
Yvonne Denis Rosario (born March 9, 1967) is an Afro-Puerto Rican storyteller, poet, librettist, columnist and academic. A former president of the Puerto Rican PEN International Centre, she is also a professor at the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras campus.

University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus
The University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus (Spanish: Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras; UPR-RP, or informally La IUPI) is a public land-grant research university in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is the largest campus in the University of Puerto Rico system in terms of student population and it was Puerto Rico's first public university campus.

The university serves more than 18,000 students, 20% of whom are graduate students, and grants an average of over 3,000 degrees a year. Its academic offerings range from the bachelor to the doctoral level with 70 undergraduate programs and 19 graduate degrees including 71 specializations in the basic disciplines and professional fields. UPR‐RP has consistently granted the largest number of doctorate degrees to Hispanic students under the United States jurisdiction.
Ken Wadsworth
Kenneth John Wadsworth (30 November 1946 – 19 August 1976) was a New Zealand cricketer who played 33 Tests and 13 One Day Internationals for New Zealand as a wicket-keeper. Wadsworth played domestically for Central Districts and Canterbury and for Nelson in the Hawke Cup.

Central Districts cricket team
The Central Stags, formerly known as Central Districts, are a first-class cricket team based in central New Zealand. They are the men's representative side of the Central Districts Cricket Association. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one-day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition. They are one of six teams that make up New Zealand Cricket. They were the fifth of the current teams to compete in the Plunket Shield which they entered for the first time in the 1950/51 season, and are the only men's first-class side representing regions in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand.
Zübeyir Aydar
Zübeyir Aydar (born 1961) is a Kurdish politician, lawyer and Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK) Executive Council Member, making him the de jure political leader of the outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK).

Kurdistan Communities Union
The Kurdistan Communities Union (Kurdish: Koma Civakên Kurdistanê, KCK) is a Kurdish political organization committed to implementing Abdullah Öcalan's ideology of democratic confederalism. The KCK also serves as an umbrella group for several confederalist political parties of Kurdistan, including the Kurdish militant political organization and armed guerrilla movement Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), Democratic Union Party (PYD), Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK), and Kurdistan Democratic Solution Party (PÇDK).
Finland and Sweden's alleged support for the KCK, is one of the points which caused Turkey to oppose Finland and Sweden's NATO accession bid.
Philoxenus of Mabbug
Philoxenus of Mabbug (Syriac: ܐܟܣܢܝܐ ܡܒܘܓܝܐ, Aksenāyâ Mabûḡāyâ; died 523), also known as Philoxenus of Hierapolis, Xenaias, and Akhsenaya, was one of the most notable Syriac prose writers during the Byzantine period and a vehement champion of Miaphysitism.

Miaphysitism
Miaphysitism (/maɪˈæfɪsaɪtɪzəm, miː-/) is the Christological doctrine that holds Jesus, the Incarnate Word, is fully divine and fully human, in one nature or physis (Greek: φύσις). It is the position held by the Oriental Orthodox Churches. It differs from the dyophysitism of the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, the Church of the East and major Protestant denominations, which holds that Jesus is one person with two natures (divine and human) as defined by the Council of Chalcedon in 451.

While historically a major point of controversy within Christianity, some modern declarations by both Chalcedonian and Miaphysite churches claim that the difference between the two Christological formulations does not reflect any significant difference in belief about the nature of Christ. Other statements from both Chalcedonian and Miaphysite churches claim that such difference is indeed theological but has been "widened by non-theological factors".
Josep Llobet
Josep Llobet i Llobet (1875 – 1937) was a Spanish footballer who played as a defender and midfielder for FC Barcelona between 1899 and 1904. He was one of the most important footballers in the amateur beginnings of FC Barcelona, being among the 12 founders of the club in 1899, and then serving Barça as a player for six years, featuring in the club's first-ever match and winning the 1901–02 Copa Macaya, which was the club's first-ever official title.

In addition to football, he also practiced other modalities such as fencing and sailing, belonging to the Club Regatas de Barcelona, and in his civilian life, he was a pharmaceutical representative.

1901–02 Copa Macaya
The 1901–02 Copa Macaya was the 2nd staging of the Copa Macaya. This tournament is best known for being the very first trophy won by the Spanish club FC Barcelona. The competition was held on the road between 22 December 1901 and ended on 12 March 1902.
TSV Hartberg
Turn- und Sportverein Hartberg (officially known as TSV Egger Glas Hartberg for sponsorship reasons) is an Austrian professional football club based in Hartberg, Styria. Founded in 1946, the club plays in the Austrian Bundesliga, the highest level of the Austrian football league system.

Hartberg were promoted to the Bundesliga for the first time in 2018 and have since established themselves in the top flight. In the 2019–20 season, they qualified for European competition for the first time, earning a place in the 2020–21 UEFA Europa League qualifiers.

The club plays its home matches at the Profertil Arena Hartberg, a 4,500-capacity stadium, and traditionally wears blue and white.

2019–20 Austrian Football Bundesliga
The 2019–20 Austrian Football Bundesliga, also known as Tipico Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons, was the 108th season of top-tier football in Austria. Red Bull Salzburg are the six-times defending champions.

In March 2020, the league matches were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Charles Uzo Azubuike
Charles Uzo Azubuike  Listenⓘ is a Nigerian lawyer and politician. He served as a member representing Obingwa West state constituency in the Abia State House of Assembly. He was appointed the Deputy Speaker of Abia State House of Assembly from 2007 to 2011. He served as the member representing Aba North / Aba South in the House of Representatives of Nigeria in the 7th National Assembly from 2011 to 2015 under the on the umbrella of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP)

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
2025 Istanbul earthquake
On 23 April 2025 at 12:49:10 TRT, a Mww 6.2 earthquake struck the Sea of Marmara, 24 km (15 mi) southeast of Marmara Ereğlisi, Tekirdağ Province, Turkey, near Istanbul. One person died of a heart attack, 359 others were injured and moderate damage was recorded across the Marmara region.

1999 Düzce earthquake
The 1999 Düzce earthquake occurred on 12 November at 18:57:22 local time with a moment magnitude of 7.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), causing damage and at least 845 fatalities in Düzce, Turkey. The epicenter was approximately 100 km (62 mi) to the east of the extremely destructive 1999 İzmit earthquake that happened nearly three months earlier. Both strike-slip earthquakes were caused by movement on the North Anatolian Fault.
Walt Torrence
Walter Alexander Torrence (July 31, 1937 – September 20, 1969) was an American basketball player.  He played college basketball for the UCLA Bruins. He earned all-conference honors in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) as a junior, and was named an All-American as a senior in 1959. After college, Torrence joined the United States Army. He was one of five Army members on the US national basketball team which won the gold medal at the Pan American Games in 1963.

UCLA Bruins men's basketball
The UCLA Bruins men's basketball program represents the University of California, Los Angeles, in the sport of men's basketball as a member of the Big Ten Conference. Established in 1919, the program has won a record 11 NCAA titles. Coach John Wooden led the Bruins to 10 national titles in 12 seasons, from 1964 to 1975, including seven straight from 1967 to 1973. UCLA went undefeated a record four times (1964, 1967, 1972, and 1973). Coach Jim Harrick led the team to another NCAA title in 1995. Former coach Ben Howland led UCLA to three consecutive Final Four appearances from 2006 to 2008. As a member of the AAWU, Pacific-8 and then Pacific-10, UCLA set an NCAA Division I record with 13 consecutive regular season conference titles between 1967 and 1979 which stood until tied by Kansas in 2017. UCLA departed the Pac-12 Conference and joined the Big Ten Conference on August 2, 2024.