hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Odhikar
Odhikar (Bengali: অধিকার) is a Bangladesh-based human rights organization, that was founded in October 1994. It is a member of the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH). It has been publishing an annual activity report since 2003. Odhikar's work has been cited by Human Rights Watch in their 2011 World Report on Bangladesh. The goal for establishing Odhikar was to develop human rights alertness and observing violations in Bangladesh.

International Federation for Human Rights
The International Federation for Human Rights (French: Fédération internationale pour les droits humains, FIDH) is a non-governmental federation for human rights organizations. Founded in 1922, FIDH is the third oldest international human rights organization worldwide after Anti-Slavery International and Save the Children. As of 2025, the organization is made up of a federation of 196 organizations from 115 countries.

FIDH is nonpartisan, nonsectarian, and non-governmental. Its core mandate is to promote respect for all the rights set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

FIDH coordinates and supports collaborations with intergovernmental organizations.
A Halfway House Christmas
A Halfway House Christmas is a 2005 film written and directed by Eric Moyer, produced by Frank Carney, and starring Robert Romanus. Also appearing are Ryan Dunn and Rake Yohn. Evil Jared Hasselhoff plays a nasty Santa. Bobcat Goldthwait narrates.

Jared Hasselhoff
Jared Hennegan (born August 5, 1971), better known by the stage name "Evil" Jared Hasselhoff, is an American musician and television personality best known for being the bassist of the rock band Bloodhound Gang. Since 2006, he has lived and worked primarily in Germany.
Aniebiet Inyang Ntui
Aniebiet Inyang Ntui is a Nigerian diplomat, special advisor, environmentalist and Professor of  Library and Information Science who has served as the Ambassador of the European Climate Pact since 2022   and the University Librarian of the University of Calabar.  She was named as the “Most Read Researcher in Nigeria” in August 2022.

She has virtually chaired panels and negotiations at the 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference, the 2022 United Nations Biodiversity Conference, the 2023 G20 New Delhi summit, the 2022 G20 Bali Summit, the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference, the United Nations Summit on Groundwater, and the 2023 World Economic Forum and various other high-level events.

Library and information science
Library and information science (LIS) are two academic disciplines that study all aspects of the creation, organization, documentation, management, communication, and use of recorded information. It underlies a variety of professional activities such as information management, librarianship, and archiving and records management, educating professionals for work in those areas, and carrying out research to improve practice.

Library science and information science are two original disciplines; however, they are within the same field of study. Library science is applied information science, as well as a subfield of information science. Due to the strong connection, sometimes the two terms are used synonymously.
2018 Caribbean Club Shield
The 2018 Caribbean Club Shield was the first edition of the Caribbean Club Shield (also known as the CFU Club Shield), the second-tier annual international club football competition in the Caribbean region, held amongst clubs whose football associations are affiliated with the Caribbean Football Union (CFU), a sub-confederation of CONCACAF. The tournament was played in the Dominican Republic between 13–21 April 2018.

The winners of the 2018 CONCACAF Caribbean Club Shield, as long as they fulfill the CONCACAF Regional Club Licensing criteria, would play against the fourth place team of the 2018 CONCACAF Caribbean Club Championship in a playoff match to determine the final Caribbean spot to the 2018 CONCACAF League.

Club Franciscain won the inaugural CONCACAF Caribbean Club Shield, and later defeated Central in a playoff to qualify for the CONCACAF League.

2018 CONCACAF League
The 2018 CONCACAF League (officially the 2018 Scotiabank CONCACAF League for sponsorship purposes) was the second edition of the CONCACAF League, a football club competition organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Herediano defeated Motagua in the final to win their first CONCACAF League, and qualified for the 2019 CONCACAF Champions League to join the 15 direct entrants. Olimpia were the title holders, but did not qualify for this tournament and were unable to defend their title, and consequently their streak of participating in all ten editions of the CONCACAF Champions League since 2008 ended.
Chromatiaceae
The Chromatiaceae are one of the two families of purple sulfur bacteria, together with the Ectothiorhodospiraceae. They belong to the order Chromatiales of the class Gammaproteobacteria, which is composed of gram-negative bacteria. Most of the species are photolithoautotrophs and conduct an anoxygenic photosynthesis, but there are also representatives capable of growing under dark and/or microaerobic conditions as either chemolithoautotrophs or chemoorganoheterotrophs.

Both Ectothiorhodospiraceae and Chromatiaceae bacteria produce elemental sulfur globules, the difference is that in the second case they are stored inside the cells rather than outside. Sulfur is an intermediate in the oxidization of sulfide, which is ultimately converted into sulfate, and may serve as a reserve.

Ectothiorhodospiraceae
The Ectothiorhodospiraceae are a family of purple sulfur bacteria, distinguished by producing sulfur globules outside of their cells. The cells are rod-shaped, vibrioid, or spirilla, and they are able to move using flagella. In general, they are marine and prefer anaerobic conditions. Ectothiorhodospiraceae are a vibrio bacteria that require salty living conditions to survive and grow: classifying them as slightly halophilic. Like all purple sulfur bacteria, they are capable of photosynthesis. To complete this energy process, Sulfur compounds are used as electron donors for carbon fixation in the pentose phosphate pathway. This elemental sulfur accumulates outside of the cells.

Ectothiorhodospiraceae mobilis table of characteristics

Note: + = positive, - = negative
Temple Square Hospitality
Temple Square Hospitality Corporation is a subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation which provides dining, catering and other services at the Lion House, Joseph Smith Memorial Building, and other properties owned by Zions Securities Corporation near Temple Square in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah. The company caters parties, weddings, and corporate events.

Joseph Smith Memorial Building
The Joseph Smith Memorial Building (JSMB), originally called the Hotel Utah, is a social center located on the corner of Main Street and South Temple in Salt Lake City. It is named in honor of Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement.

It previously housed several restaurants and also functioned as a venue for events, although it was closed in 2023 for extensive renovations, expected to be completed in 2025. Several levels of the building have also been administrative offices for departments of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), such as FamilySearch.

On January 3, 1978, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Hotel Utah.
D-Motor LF39
The D-Motor LF39 is a lightweight liquid cooled side-valve four-stroke flat six 4 litre petrol aircraft engine, produced by D-Motor in Deerlijk, Belgium.  It is a derivative of the flat four D-Motor LF26.

Radiator (engine cooling)
Radiators are heat exchangers used for cooling internal combustion engines, mainly in automobiles but also in piston-engined aircraft, railway locomotives, motorcycles, stationary generating plants or any similar use of such an engine.

Internal combustion engines are often cooled by circulating a liquid called engine coolant through the engine block and cylinder head where it is heated, then through a radiator where it loses heat to the atmosphere, and then returned to the engine. Engine coolant is usually water-based, but may also be oil. It is common to employ a water pump to force the engine coolant to circulate, and also for an axial fan to force air through the radiator.
Tommy Afonso
Tomás António Afonso (born 20 March 1960), also known as Jr. Nelson, is a Portuguese singer, theatre actor, composer, and playwright based in Southall, England. He is known for his work in tiatr productions, having initially earned fame as a member of the Trio Kings, a musical trio. The son of singer Nelson Afonso, he is involved in promoting amateur tiatrists in the UK.

Tiatr
Tiatr (English: Theatre; Portuguese: Teatro) is a type of musical theatre that is popular in the state of Goa on the west coast of India, as well as in Mumbai and among the Goan expatriate communities in the Middle East, United Kingdom, and other cities with a significant presence of Konkani speakers. The plays are primarily performed in the Romi Konkani dialects and incorporate elements such as music, dance, and singing. Individuals who perform in tiatr are referred to as tiatrists.
Indro Olumets
Indro Olumets (born 10 April 1971 in Tartu) is a former Estonian footballer who played as an offensive-minded midfielder. His last years of playing professional football were in the Estonian Meistriliiga side Nõmme Kalju. After that he has played for amateur teams including JK Kaitseliit Kalev.

He has also played for major Estonian clubs such as Flora Tallinn, Tallinna Sadam, Levadia Tallinn and TVMK Tallinn.

Nõmme Kalju FC
Nõmme Kalju FC (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈnɤmːe ˈkɑlju]), commonly known as Nõmme Kalju, or simply as Kalju (Estonian: "rock" or "cliff"), is a professional football club based in Nõmme, Tallinn, that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. The club's home ground is Hiiu Stadium.

Founded in 1923, Nõmme Kalju first played in the Estonian top division from 1925 until 1927, but were dissolved in 1944 due to the Soviet occupation of Estonia. Re-established in 1997, the club has played in the Meistriliiga since the 2008 season and have not been relegated since. Kalju have won two Meistriliiga titles (2012 and 2018), two Estonian Cups (2014–15 and 2024–25), and two Estonian Supercups (2019 and 2026).
Preeti Rai
Preeti Kulung Rai (Nepali: प्रीति राई; born 21 November 2004) is a Nepalese professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Jordan Women's Pro League club Etihad  and Nepal national women's team.

Nepal women's national football team
The Nepal women's national football team is controlled by the All Nepal Football Association and represents Nepal in international women's football competitions. The Women's Football Department has been developed to manage the women's football activities. The official motto of women's football in Nepal is "Football for Change". It is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and the South Asian Football Federation and has yet to qualify for the World Cup.
The Great Van Robbery
The Great Van Robbery is a 1959 black-and-white British crime film starring Denis Shaw and Kay Callard, directed by Max Varnel. It was written by Brian Clemens and Eldon Howard and produced by The Danzigers.

The Danzigers
Edward J. Danziger (1909–1999) and Harry Lee Danziger (1913–2005) were American-born brothers who produced many British films and TV shows in the 1950s and 1960s.

According to one profile "throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, their second features and TV series seemed to be on screens everywhere, their pervasive presence forming a part of virtually every British filmgoer's and television viewer's experience during those years."
Al-Walid ibn Utba ibn Rabi'a
Al-Walid ibn Utba ibn Rabi'a (583–624) was the son of Utba ibn Rabi'a and brother of Abu Hudhayfa ibn Utba and Hind bint Utba. Just like his father, Walid was opposed to Muhammad and Islam.

He was a fierce Meccan warrior who was killed by Ali ibn Abi Talib in the traditional 3 champions' combat duel on the day of the Battle of Badr before the full battle began. Walid, his father Utba, and his uncle Shayba were the three champions of the Meccan army who fought a duel against Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Ali ibn Abi Talib, and Ubayda ibn al-Harith. In the combat duel, Walid was killed by Ali, Walid's father Utba was killed by Hamza, and then his uncle Shayba was killed by Ali.

Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib
Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hasim ibn Abd Manaf al-Qurayshi (Arabic: حَمْزَة إبْن عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب, romanized: Ḥamza ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib; c. 568–625) was a foster brother, paternal uncle, maternal second-cousin, and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Hamza embraced Islam around 616 CE following an altercation with Abu Jahl and soon became one of Muhammad’s strongest supporters. He took part in early expeditions, notably fighting at the Battle of Badr, and was killed in the Battle of Uhud in 625 CE. His death was widely mourned, and Islamic tradition honors him as Asadullah (lit. 'Lion of God') and the "leader of the martyrs".
Iván Bolado
Iván Bolado Palacios (born 3 July 1989) is a former professional footballer who played as a striker. Born in Spain, he played for his country of birth and Equatorial Guinea at youth and senior levels, respectively.

Equatorial Guinea national football team
The Equatorial Guinea national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Guinea Ecuatorial) represents Equatorial Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Equatoguinean Football Federation, a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but has qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations on five occasions, the first two times as hosts (in 2012 and 2015). They finished in fourth place in 2015, and reached the quarter-finals in 2012 and 2021.
Cronulla railway station
Cronulla railway station is a heritage-listed suburban railway station and the terminus of the Cronulla line, serving the Sydney suburb of Cronulla. It was designed and built by the NSW Department of Railways during 1939. It is also known as Cronulla Railway Station group. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

The station is served by Sydney Trains T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line services. The station is unusual in that the two platforms are situated end to end, rather than side by side, making it the second longest rail platform in New South Wales, after Albury.

Albury railway station
Albury railway station is a heritage-listed railway station at Railway Place, Albury, New South Wales, Australia, adjacent to the border with Victoria, in Australia. It was designed under the direction of John Whitton and built from 1880 to 1881. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register in 1999.
Heidi Shyu
Heidi Shyu (Chinese: 徐若冰; Xú Ruòbīng; born September 28, 1953)  is a Taiwanese-born American engineer who had served as the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering in the Biden administration. She previously served as the United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology ASA(ALT) from 2012 to January 30, 2016.

In 2019, Shyu was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering for the development of innovative radar/electrooptics/infrared systems in support of the US Army and Air Force.

United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology
The Office of the United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology (ASA(ALT) pronounced A-salt) is known as OASA(ALT). OASA(ALT) serves, when delegated, as the army acquisition executive, the senior procurement executive, the science advisor to the secretary of the army, and as the senior research and development official for the Department of the Army. The OASA(ALT) also has the principal responsibility for all Department of the Army matters related to logistics.
Andaleeb (film)
Andaleeb is a 1969 Pakistani Urdu colour film starring Waheed Murad, Shabnam, Aliya, and Mustafa Qureshi, and Talish. It was a golden jubilee hit directed by Farid Ahmed, produced by Rashid Mukhtar, and music composed by Nisar Bazmi. Andaleeb received 4 Nigar Awards in different categories.

Nisar Bazmi
Nisar Bazmi (1 December 1924 – 22 March 2007) was a composer and music director of Indian and Pakistan film industry.

Nisar Bazmi was known as one of the accomplished musicians of South Asia. He also introduced new singers like Alamgir and Mehnaz Begum. The duo of composers Laxmikant–Pyarelal were musicians with Bazmi in India before partition. However, he is primarily remembered for his compositions in the voice of playback singer Ahmed Rushdi.
Coxlodge railway station
Coxlodge was a railway station on the Ponteland Railway, which ran between South Gosforth and Ponteland, with a sub-branch line to Darras Hall. The station served Coxlodge and Fawdon in Newcastle upon Tyne. It was opened in 1905, closed to passengers in 1929, and to goods traffic in 1965.

The station was situated at the junction of Edgefield Avenue, Fawdon Walk and The Meadows. Today the site is occupied by the western (eastbound) platform of Fawdon station on the Tyne and Wear Metro.

South Gosforth Metro station
South Gosforth is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, and former British Rail station, serving the suburb of Gosforth, Newcastle upon Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England. It originally opened on 27 June 1864 , as part of the Blyth and Tyne Railway, and became part of the Tyne and Wear Metro on 11 August 1980. Above the station platform is a control centre for the signals and an office are for the Tyne and Wear metro.
Elyakim Simon Djalil
Elyakim Simon Djalil (born 3 February 1949) is an Indonesian former politician and civil servant who served as the regent of Sintang, West Kalimantan for one term between 2000 and 2005. He was involved in a corruption case, and was sentenced to two years' prison.

Sintang Regency
Sintang Regency is a regency of West Kalimantan province of Indonesia. It covers an area of 21,638.2 km2, and had a population of 364,759 at the 2010 Census and 421,306 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 443,684 (comprising 228,753 males and 214,931 females).

Sintang Regency is one of the few Indonesian regencies having a land border with another country (in this case, with Malaysia). It is also the third largest regency in the province by land area after Kapuas Hulu Regency and Ketapang Regency. The regency was formerly the site of the Sintang Kingdom, a Hindu kingdom that later converted to Islam and which was a regional power in the interior of Borneo Island. The regency seat is located at the large town of Sintang, which with over 85,000 residents in mid 2024 is among the biggest settlements in Borneo's interior alongside Putussibau and Puruk Cahu.
3rd Battalion, 11th Marines
3rd Battalion, 11th Marines (3/11) is an artillery battalion comprising three firing batteries, a Liaison Unit, and a headquarters battery. The battalion is based at the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, California and its primary weapon system is the M777 lightweight howitzer with a maximum effective range of 25 miles.  They fall under the 11th Marine Regiment and the 1st Marine Division.

1st Marine Division
The 1st Marine Division (1st MARDIV) is a Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the ground combat element of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF).

It is the oldest and largest active duty division in the United States Marine Corps, representing a combat-ready force of 22,000 personnel. It is one of three active duty divisions in the Marine Corps today and is a multi-role, expeditionary ground combat force. It is nicknamed "The Old Breed".
Utrecht Schism
The Utrecht Schism (Dutch: Utrechts Schisma) was a diocesan feud in the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht from 1423 to 1449. The legitimate prince-bishop of Utrecht was at issue. The war of succession was fought by Zweder van Culemborg and his brother Walraven van Meurs against Rudolf van Diepholt. The conflict mixed with the existing Utrecht factionalism between the Lichtenbergers and Lokhorsten (called 'Gunterlingen' until 1413) and with the Hook and Cod wars raging in the County of Holland. Some scholars consider the Utrecht Schism to have ended in 1429.

County of Holland
52°09′48″N 4°32′12″E﻿ / ﻿52.16325°N 4.53678°E﻿ / 52.16325; 4.53678

The County of Holland was a state of the Holy Roman Empire from its inception until 1433. From 1433 onward it was part of the Burgundian Netherlands, from 1482 part of the Habsburg Netherlands and from 1581 onward the leading province of the Dutch Republic until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. The territory of the County of Holland corresponds roughly with the current provinces of North Holland and South Holland in the Netherlands.

The County of Holland was the first Holy Roman county in the area to reach a substantial level of economic, cultural, military, and technological development, having had time to undergo this development before the area became classed as a county.
Yarra Bank Highway
Yarra Bank Highway is a short urban highway in central Melbourne, Australia. It runs parallel to the Yarra River and provides an important alternate route to CityLink's Domain and Burnley Tunnels, used by trucks carrying hazardous loads prohibited from the tunnels, and provides another route when the tunnels are closed for maintenance. Prior to the construction of CityLink, the highway provided the main link between the Monash and West Gate Freeways. This name covers many consecutive streets and is not widely known to most drivers, as the entire allocation is still best known as by the names of its constituent parts: Power Street, City Road, Alexandra Parade and Olympic Boulevard.

Yarra Scenic Drive
Yarra Scenic Drive is a tourist drive following the Yarra River, in Victoria, Australia. The route traverses approximately 60 km from Williamstown – where the Yarra empties into Port Phillip Bay – to Warrandyte – Melbourne's first goldfield site on the banks of the Yarra.
No Hard Feelings (The Beaches album)
No Hard Feelings is the third studio album by the Canadian rock band the Beaches. It was released under AWAL on August 29, 2025, as the follow-up to their previous album, Blame My Ex (2023). The album has been preceded by the release of six singles: "Takes One to Know One", "Jocelyn", "Last Girls at the Party", "Did I Say Too Much", "Touch Myself", and "Lesbian of the Year". To promote No Hard Feelings, the Beaches embarked on the No Hard Feelings Tour, which took place in North America between August and November 2025, followed by a UK and European leg in February 2026.

Blame My Ex
Blame My Ex is the second studio album by Canadian rock band the Beaches, released in 2023.

The album was led by the hit single "Blame Brett", which reached number 1 on the Billboard Canada rock charts, and broke through as the band's first charting single in the United States. The song refers to Jordan Miller's prior relationship with Brett Emmons of The Glorious Sons, although Miller clarified that the song was not meant to be perceived as attacking him, but as an apology to future boyfriends for her own struggles to commit to a new relationship. She has stressed that she is the "bad guy" in the song, not Emmons, and has spoken out against fans who tried to vilify Emmons based on the song.

The album peaked at number 76 on the Canadian Albums Chart.

The album won the Juno Award for Rock Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2024, and was shortlisted for the 2024 Polaris Music Prize.