hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles P. Noell
Charles P. Noell (1812–1887) San Diego Democratic politician.

Charles P. Noell was born in Bedford County, Virginia, February 20, 1812. He came to California in November 1848 and was a San Francisco merchant, but lost all in a fire in 1850.  He moved to San Diego in 1850 and built a store, the first wooden building in the city.

Noell served as one of the city's first council man in 1850. While councilman he tried to prevent looting of the city treasury, with limited success.  The city went bankrupt and control went to the State of California. He was appointed president for the San Diego city board of trustees (informally called "mayor") during 1852, after the elected city government was abolished during bankruptcy. Noell served in the California State Assembly in 1854.

Noell never married and died December 30, 1887. His tombstone reads:

An Honest Man is the Noblest Work of God

Mayor of San Diego
The mayor of the City of San Diego is the official head and chief executive officer of the U.S. city of San Diego, California. The mayor has the duty to enforce and execute the laws enacted by the San Diego City Council, the legislative branch. The mayor serves a four-year term and is limited to two successive terms.

There have been 36 people who have served as mayor in San Diego since 1850, when California became a state following the Conquest of California. Prior to the conquest, Californios served as mayor of San Diego during the Spanish and Mexican eras since 1780. From 1852 to 1888, the city was run by a board of trustees and there was no elected mayor. However, the president of the board was called mayor as a courtesy.

The most recent election was held in November 2024, and Todd Gloria was re-elected as the 37th mayor of San Diego.
Eugene Lindsay Opie
Eugene Lindsay Opie (July 5, 1873 – March 12, 1971) was an American physician and pathologist who conducted research on the causes, transmission, and diagnosis of tuberculosis and on immunization against the disease. He served as professor of pathology at several U.S. medical schools and as Dean of the Washington University School of Medicine (St. Louis, Missouri).

Washington University School of Medicine
Washington University School of Medicine (WashU Medicine) is the medical school of Washington University in St. Louis, located in the Central West End neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1891, the School of Medicine shares a campus with Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis Children's Hospital, and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center.

The clinical service is provided by Washington University Physicians, a comprehensive medical and surgical practice providing treatment in more than 75 medical specialties. Washington University Physicians are the medical staff of the school's two teaching hospitals – Barnes-Jewish Hospital and St. Louis Children's Hospital. They also provide inpatient and outpatient care at the St. Louis Veteran's Administration Hospital, hospitals of the BJC HealthCare system, and 35 other office locations throughout the greater St. Louis region.
Vladimir K. Zworykin
Vladimir Kosma Zworykin (1888/1889 – July 29, 1982) was a Russian-American inventor, engineer, and pioneer of television technology. Zworykin invented a television transmitting and receiving system employing cathode-ray tubes. He played a role in the practical development of television from the early thirties, including charge storage-type tubes, infrared image tubes and the electron microscope.

Kálmán Tihanyi
Kálmán Tihanyi (Hungarian: [ˈkaːlmaːn ˈtihɒɲi]), or in English language technical literature often mentioned as Coloman Tihanyi or Koloman Tihanyi (28 April 1897 – 26 February 1947) was a Hungarian physicist, electrical engineer and inventor. One of the early pioneers of electronic television, he made significant contributions to the development of cathode ray tubes (CRTs), which were bought and further developed by the Radio Corporation of America (later RCA), and German companies Loewe and Fernseh AG. He invented and designed the world's first automatic pilotless aircraft in Great Britain. He is also known for the invention of the first infrared video camera in 1929, and coined the first flat panel plasma display in 1936. His Radioskop patent was recognized as a Document of Universal Significance by the UNESCO, and  thus became part of the Memory of the World Programme on September 4, 2001.
Luis Benítes
Luis Enrique Benítes Vargas (born 9 July 1996)  is a Peruvian footballer who plays as a forward for Cienciano in the Peruvian Primera División.

He has played over 200 games in the Peruvian Primera División and scored over 30 goals, for Defensor La Bocana, Alianza Atlético, Carlos A. Mannucci, Sport Huancayo and Cienciano. He was the top scorer of the 2022 season with 19 goals in 35 games for Sport Huancayo.

Sport Huancayo
The Club Sport Huancayo is a Peruvian professional football club based in Huancayo, Peru. It was founded in 2007 by Raúl Rojas and Édgar Araníbar. The club has been playing in the Peruvian Primera División since 2009, having gained promotion from winning the 2008 Copa Perú.
MCV Electric Bus
The MCV Electric Bus (also known as the 'Volvo BZL Electric Bus') is a low-entry single-deck bus bodywork and a low-floor double-decker bus bodywork built by MCV Bus & Coach in partnership with Volvo Buses as the zero-emissions alternative to the MCV Evora and MCV EvoSeti. It was unveiled in September 2021 by Volvo.

Low-floor bus
A low-floor bus is a bus or trolleybus that has no steps between the ground and the floor of the bus at one or more entrances, and low floor for part or all of the passenger cabin. A bus with a partial low floor may also be referred to as a low-entry bus or seldom a flat-floor bus in some locations.

Low floor refers to a bus deck that is accessible from the sidewalk with only a single step with a small height difference, caused solely by the difference between the bus deck and sidewalk. This is distinct from high-floor, a bus deck design that requires climbing one or more steps (now known as step entrance) to access the interior floor that is placed at a higher height.  Being low-floor improves the accessibility of the bus for the public, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities, including those using wheelchairs and walkers. Almost all are rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.
The Marquise of Armiani
The Marquise of Armiani (German: Die Marchesa d'Armiani) is a 1920 German silent film directed by Alfred Halm and starring Pola Negri, Ernst Dernburg, and Elsa Wagner.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Kurt Richter.

Elsa Wagner
Elsa Wagner (24 January 1881 – 17 August 1975) was a German actress who appeared in numerous theatrical productions and feature films during the 20th century, including 1920's The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari.
Victoria Browne
Victoria Browne is a British feminist philosopher. She is currently a senior lecturer in political philosophy at Loughborough University, where she has worked since 2023. Her research addresses questions around time and pregnancy. She is part of the editorial collective of Radical Philosophy and the co-editor-in-chief of Hypatia.

Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough or Lboro for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute was founded. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £386.2 million, of which £57.0 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £379.5 million. In 2024, Loughborough ranked ninth nationally for undergraduate education.
Leon Greene
Lenard George Green (15 July 1931 – 19 June 2021), better known as Leon Greene, was an English bass and actor. He was known for his work with the D'Oyly Carte Company and the Sadler's Wells Opera, as well as starring roles in several West End musicals. He played Miles Gloriosus in the original London production of A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, which he reprised for the 1966 film version. He was also a cast member of three Carry On films, and for director Richard Lester.

Alazon
Alazṓn (Ancient Greek: ἀλαζών) is one of three stock characters in comedy of the theatre of ancient Greece. He is the opponent of the eirôn. The alazṓn is an impostor that sees himself as greater than he actually is. The senex iratus (the angry old man) and the miles gloriosus (the braggart soldier) are two types of alazṓn.
Musa McKim
Musa Jane McKim Guston (née McKim; August 23, 1908 – March 30, 1992) was an American painter and poet. Born in Oil City, Pennsylvania, McKim spent much of her youth in Panama. During the Great Depression, she worked under the Section of Fine Arts, painting murals in public buildings, including a Post Office building in Waverly, New York. She was the wife of New York School artist Philip Guston, whom she met while attending the Otis Art Institute. In cooperation with him, she painted a mural in a United States Forest Service building in Laconia, New Hampshire, and panels which were placed aboard United States Maritime Commission ships. After her painting career, she wrote poetry, publishing her work in small literary magazines. Along with her husband and daughter, she lived in Iowa City, Iowa and New York City, eventually settling in Woodstock, New York. Her younger sister was Olympic swimmer Josephine McKim (1910-1992).

Laconia, New Hampshire
Laconia (/ləˈkoʊniə/ lə-KOHN-ee-ə) is a city in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 16,871 at the 2020 census, up from 15,951 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Belknap County. Laconia, situated between Lake Winnipesaukee and Lake Winnisquam, includes the villages of Lakeport and Weirs Beach. Each June, the city hosts Laconia Motorcycle Week, also known as "Bike Week," one of the country's largest motorcycle rallies.
Saltdal Fjord
Saltdal Fjord (Norwegian: Saltdalsfjorden; Lule Sami: Sálatvuodna) is a fjord arm of Skjerstadfjorden in Saltdal Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The fjord extends 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) south to the village of Rognan at the bottom of the fjord.

The inlet of the fjord lies between Hjelbunes, a headland to the west, and Langruodden, a promontory to the east. The village of Setså lies on the east side of the fjord, slightly inland from the shore. On the west lies the hamlet of Vik inside the bay formed by Tangodden, a peninsula jutting north into the fjord. Rognan lies at the foot of the fjord, and this is also where the Saltdal River flows into the fjord. West of the river's mouth lie the hamlets of Saksenvik and Botn.

The Nordland Line railway and the European route E6 highway both run along the entire east side of the fjord, and Norwegian County Road 515 runs along the west side.

Skjerstad Fjord
Skjerstad Fjord (English) or Skjerstadfjorden (Norwegian) is a fjord in the municipalities of Bodø, Fauske, and Saltdal in Nordland county, Norway. It is a 40-kilometre-long (25 mi) arm off of the main Saltfjorden. It is connected to the Saltfjorden by the narrow Saltstraumen strait, which has very strong tidal currents. The villages of Valnesfjord and Rognan and the town of Fauske lie along the shores of the fjord. The European route E06 highway runs along the eastern shore of the fjord, and the Nordland Line railway follows the eastern and northern shores of the fjord.  The Misværfjorden branches off this fjord to the south at the village of Skjerstad.
ShEx
Shape Expressions (ShEx)  is a data modelling language for validating and describing a Resource Description Framework (RDF).

It was proposed at the 2012 RDF Validation Workshop as a high-level, concise language for RDF validation.

The shapes can be defined in a human-friendly compact syntax called ShExC or using any RDF serialization formats like JSON-LD or Turtle.

ShEx expressions can be used both to describe RDF and to automatically check the conformance of RDF data. 
The syntax of ShEx is similar to Turtle and SPARQL while the semantics is inspired by regular expression languages like RelaxNG.

JSON-LD
JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding linked data using JSON and of serializing data similarly to traditional JSON. It is meant to be simple to create by modifying JSON documents.  JSON-LD is a World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation initially developed by the JSON for Linking Data Community Group, transferred to the RDF Working Group for review, improvement and standardization, and now maintained by the JSON-LD Working Group.
330th Bombardment Group (VH)
The 330th Bombardment Group ("Empire Busters") was a bomber group of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. It was formed on 1 July 1942 at Salt Lake City Army Air Base, Utah. Initially, the group was equipped with the Consolidated B-24 Liberator, and served as a training unit within the United States until April 1944. On 1 April 1944, the group re-formed as a Boeing B-29 Superfortress-equipped unit as part of the 314th Bombardment Wing and trained for deployment to the Pacific Theater against Japan.

The group moved to North Field, Guam in 1945 as part of the Twentieth Air Force, flying its first combat mission on 12 April 1945. The Group received two Distinguished Unit Citations for incendiary raids on the homeland islands of Japan. The Group returned to the United States in late 1945, and was inactivated on 3 January 1946. Its lineage and honors were carried by the 330th Aircraft Sustainment Wing until it was permanently inactivated on 1 July 2010.

314th Air Division
The 314th Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Pacific Air Forces at Osan Air Base, South Korea, where it was inactivated in September 1986.

The unit was first organized during World War II as the 314th Bombardment Wing, which was part of the Twentieth Air Force of the United States Army Air Forces. The 314th engaged in bombing operations against Japan using Boeing B-29 Superfortresses.
Cameron Brewer
Cameron Eric Brewer (born 8 March 1973) is a New Zealand politician and former journalist.

A member of the National Party, Brewer has been a Member of Parliament in the House of Representatives for Upper Harbour since 2023. He was previously the Ōrākei Ward representative on Auckland Council from 2010 to 2016.

Ōrākei ward
Ōrākei Ward is one of thirteen wards of Auckland Council in Auckland, New Zealand. It encompasses the neighbourhoods of Saint Heliers, Glendowie, Kohimarama, Mission Bay, Saint Johns and Meadowbank. It elects one councillor to represent the ward on the council. The councillor has oversight over the Orakei Local Board. The current councillor is Desley Simpson.
Franz von Lauer
Franz von Lauer (11 May 1736 – 11 September 1803) entered the Imperial Army as a military engineer in 1755 and ended his career as Feldzeugmeister. After serving in the Seven Years' War, by 1783 he had reached the rank of oberst, or colonel. He fought against Ottoman Turkey at Belgrade and became a general officer for his distinguished effort as a siege specialist.

During the War of the First Coalition against the First French Republic, he directed the sieges of Fort-Louis in 1793 and Mannheim in 1795. In 1796, he was named chief of staff of the army sent to oppose Napoleon Bonaparte in Italy, fighting at Bassano and Mantua. In 1800, he was appointed deputy commander of the main army in southern Germany, which ended in disastrous defeat at Hohenlinden in December. He was made the scapegoat for this failure and dismissed from the service shortly thereafter.

Oberst
Oberst (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐst] ⓘ) is a senior field officer rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to Colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, and Norway. The Swedish rank överste is a direct translation, as are the Finnish rank eversti and the Icelandic rank ofursti.
CSX Transportation, Inc. v. Alabama Department of Revenue
CSX Transp., Inc. v. Ala. Dept. of Revenue, 562 U.S. 277 (2011), was a Supreme Court of the United States case in which the Court held that a railroad may challenge a state's sales and use taxes as "discriminatory" under the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (4-R Act) if the state exempts the railroad's competitors from the tax.

The decision clarified that tax exemptions given to competitors can constitute discrimination against railroads, distinguishing this case from the Court's previous ruling in Department of Revenue of Ore. v. ACF Industries, Inc. (1994). The case was remanded to determine whether the state had a sufficient justification for the disparate treatment, leading to a second Supreme Court decision involving the same parties in 2015.

Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act
The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976, often called the "4R Act," is a United States federal law that established the basic outlines of regulatory reform in the railroad industry and provided transitional operating funds following the 1970 bankruptcy of Penn Central Transportation Company. The law approved the "Final System Plan" for the newly created Conrail and authorized acquisition of Northeast Corridor tracks and facilities by Amtrak.

The Act was the first in a series of laws which collectively are described as the deregulation of transportation in the United States. It was followed by the Airline Deregulation Act (1978), Staggers Rail Act (1980), and the Motor Carrier Act of 1980.
Niccolò Lazzari
Niccolò Lazzari was an Italian film editor. He worked on more than thirty films between 1940 and 1966, including Vittorio De Sica's neorealist Shoeshine (1946). He worked on a number of films directed by Carmine Gallone.

Shoeshine (film)
Shoeshine (Italian: Sciuscià [ʃuʃˈʃa], from Neapolitan pronunciation of the English) is a 1946 Italian film directed by Vittorio De Sica. Sometimes regarded as his first masterpiece, the film follows two shoeshine boys who get into trouble with the police after trying to find the money to buy a horse. In 2008, Shoeshine was included on the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage’s 100 Italian films to be saved, a list of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory of the country between 1942 and 1978."

Shoeshine became the first film to win the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film at the 20th Academy Awards in 1947.

Film critic Pauline Kael summed up the power of the film by saying "if people cannot feel Shoeshine, what can they feel?" and equated it to music by Mozart had he written an opera set in poverty.
Laura van den Berg
Laura van den Berg (born May 31, 1983) is an American fiction writer. She is the author of five works of fiction. Her first two collections of short stories were each shortlisted for the Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award, in 2010 and 2014. In 2021, she was awarded the Strauss Livings Award from the American Academy of Arts & Letters and a Guggenheim Fellowship.

Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award
The Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award—named in honour of Frank O'Connor, who devoted much of his work to the form—was an international literary award presented for the best short story collection. It was presented between 2005 and 2015. The prize amount, €25,000 as of 2012, is one of the richest short-story collection prizes in the world (see also Premio de Narrativa Breve Ribera del Duero). Each year, approximately sixty books were longlisted, with either four or six books shortlisted, and the ultimate decision being made by three judges.
R44 (South Africa)
The R44 is a provincial route in Western Cape, South Africa that connects Piketberg with Kleinmond via Wellington, Stellenbosch, Somerset West and Strand. The coastal section between Kleinmond and Gordon's Bay is a very scenic ocean drive. The section between Gordon's Bay and Stellenbosch via Strand and Somerset West is a dual carriageway. The R44 is co-signed with the R46 between Gouda and Hermon in the Berg River valley.

Kleinmond
Kleinmond is a small coastal town in the Overberg region of the Western Cape province, South Africa. It is situated inside a UNESCO-declared biosphere about 90 km east of Cape Town between Betty's Bay and Hermanus. The town's name, meaning "small mouth" in Afrikaans, refers to its location at the mouth of the Bot River lagoon. Stone axe heads found in the area indicate that people already lived in the vicinity of nearby Hangklip  20,000 years ago. Information about the area has existed in writing since the seventeenth century.
The King's Jester
The King's Jester (Italian: Il re si diverte) is a 1941 Italian historical drama film directed by Mario Bonnard and starring Michel Simon, María Mercader and Rossano Brazzi. The film is an adaptation of the play Le roi s'amuse by Victor Hugo and uses elements such as the music and some of the character names from Giuseppe Verdi's later opera Rigoletto. It is set at the court of Francis I of France in the Sixteenth century.

Michel Simon
Michel Simon (French: [miʃɛl simɔ̃]; 9 April 1895 – 30 May 1975) was a Swiss actor of German origin active primarily in France. He appeared in many notable French films, including La Chienne (1931), Boudu Saved from Drowning (1932), L'Atalante (1934), Port of Shadows (1938), The Head (1959), and The Train (1964). Charlie Chaplin said he was ‘the greatest actor in the world’.
Peace of Mind (The Killers song)
"Peace of Mind" is a song by American rock band the Killers, released as a single from the remastered double vinyl celebrating the 10th anniversary of Sam's Town (2006). The song, written by founding members Brandon Flowers and Dave Keuning, was originally a demo track recorded in 2006 during sessions for Sam's Town. The song peaked at No. 39 on Billboard's Hot Rock & Alternative Songs chart.

Dave Keuning
David Brent Keuning (born March 28, 1976) is an American musician, best known for being the lead guitarist of the rock band the Killers, which he founded alongside frontman Brandon Flowers in 2001 and with whom he has recorded six studio albums. Keuning played every show with the Killers since its inception up until the show at Chicago's Lollapalooza in August 2017. From 2017 to the end of 2020, Keuning was on hiatus from the band. He returned to the Killers to assist in recording their 2021 album Pressure Machine. Keuning released two solo albums titled Prismism (2019) and A Mild Case of Everything (2021) under his surname Keuning.
Don't Try This at Home (TV series)
Don't Try This at Home! is a British game show produced by LWT with Golden Square Pictures and broadcast on ITV between 16 May 1998 and 5 May 2001. Based on the Australian adventure game show Who Dares Wins, it took up the Saturday challenge game show slot left by its long-running and more sedate predecessor You Bet!.

It featured real people facing tough challenges such as swinging under a bridge. It was hosted by Davina McCall with co-hosts including Darren Day and Tristan Bancks (both only in the first series), Kate Thornton and Paul Hendy. Russ Williams was the event commentator. A lifetime medal was awarded for winning a challenge or having a very good try. The show regularly featured stunts and performers from The Circus of Horrors.

A spin-off show was produced in 2001 called Challenge of a Lifetime and was hosted by Claire Sweeney.

You Bet!
You Bet! is a British game show, based on the German series Wetten, dass..?, that originally aired on ITV for ten series and a number of specials between 20 February 1988 and 12 April 1997, and was revived on 7 December 2024. It was initially hosted by Bruce Forsyth (1988–1990), then by Matthew Kelly (1991–1995) and finally Darren Day (1996–1997). In August 2024, ITV announced that the show would be returning for two special episodes later that year with Stephen Mulhern and Holly Willoughby as hosts.