hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grigori Kozintsev
Grigori Mikhailovich Kozintsev (born Grigori Moiseyevich Kozintsov;22 March [O.S. 9 March] 1905 – 11 May 1973) was a Soviet theatre and film director, screenwriter and pedagogue. He was named People's Artist of the USSR in 1964. In 1965 he was a member of the jury at the 4th Moscow International Film Festival. Two years later he was a member of the jury of the 5th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1971 he was the president of the jury at the 7th Moscow International Film Festival.

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Yen's algorithm
In graph theory, Yen's algorithm computes single-source K-shortest loopless paths for a graph with non-negative edge cost.  The algorithm was published by Jin Y. Yen in 1971 and employs any shortest path algorithm to find the best path, then proceeds to find K − 1 deviations of the best path.

Shortest path problem
In graph theory, the shortest path problem is the problem of finding a path between two vertices (or nodes) in a graph such that the sum of the weights of its constituent edges is minimized.

The problem of finding the shortest path between two intersections on a road map may be modeled as a special case of the shortest path problem in graphs, where the vertices correspond to intersections and the edges correspond to road segments, each weighted by the length or distance of each segment.
Kim Sung-kil
Kim Sung-Kil (Korean: 김성길; born July 8, 1983) is a footballer who played in South Korea and Australia. Kim previously played for Japanese side Oita Trinita. He also played for Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i, Gwangju Sangmu Bulsajo and Gyeongnam FC in the K-League.

K League
K League (Korean: K리그) is South Korea's professional football league. It includes the first division K League 1 and the second division K League 2. Clubs competing in the K League have won a record total of twelve AFC Champions League titles, the top continental competition for Asian clubs.
Wootton Rivers Lock
Wootton Rivers Lock, also called Wootton Rivers Bottom Lock, is a lock on the Kennet and Avon Canal at Wootton Rivers, Wiltshire, England. It was built between 1804 and 1810, as the Pewsey to Great Bedwyn was the last section of the canal to be built. It was dependant for its water supply on Crofton Pumping Station, at the eastern end of the summit level.

The lock became dry in 1958 after demolition of part of the chimney at Crofton Pumping Station prevented the steam engines from operating. Water supplies were restored in 1989, just prior to the full reopening of the canal after years of restoration. Water for the canal to the west of the nearby summit level is largely supplied from the River Avon at Claverton by backpumping systems, and the final one to pump water from below the lock to the summit pound at Wootton Top Lock was installed in 1998, paid for by a Heritage Lottery grant.

Crofton Pumping Station
Crofton Pumping Station, near the village of Great Bedwyn in Wiltshire, England, supplies the summit pound of the Kennet and Avon Canal with water.

The steam-powered pumping station is preserved and operates on selected weekends. It contains an operational Boulton & Watt steam engine dating from 1812, making it the oldest working beam engine in the world in its original engine house and capable of doing the job for which it was installed.
Reading Blue Mountain and Northern 425
Reading Blue Mountain and Northern 425 is a G-1 class 4-6-2 "Pacific" type steam locomotive, built in January 1928 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works (BLW) for the Gulf, Mobile & Northern Railroad (GM&N). After the GM&N was consolidated into the Gulf, Mobile & Ohio (GM&O) in 1940, the locomotive was renumbered No. 580 and served in passenger service before being retired in 1950. The locomotive is currently owned and operated by the Reading, Blue Mountain and Northern Railroad (BM&N), based out of Port Clinton, Pennsylvania in excursion service. At the end of 2022, No. 425 was taken out of service for its mandatory Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) 1,472-day inspection and overhaul.

Port Clinton, Pennsylvania
Port Clinton is a borough in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, Port Clinton had a population of 278. It is located at the confluence of the Schuylkill and  Little Schuylkill rivers, it was a port on the Schuylkill Canal and named after DeWitt Clinton.
2019 Malawian protests
The 2019 Malawian protests were a series of nationwide rallies and strikes about  government pensions, the results of the 2019 Malawian general election and demands for democratic reforms. Anti-presidential unrest was met with police violence against demonstrators. Soon, they used live rounds, tear gas and batons to disperse protesters who protested for three months against the president.

2019 Malawian general election
General elections were held in Malawi on 21 May 2019 to elect the President, National Assembly and local government councillors. Incumbent President Peter Mutharika of the Democratic Progressive Party was re-elected, with his party remaining the largest in the National Assembly.

On 3 February 2020, the Constitutional Court annulled the presidential election results due to evidence of irregularities, and ordered fresh elections be held. They were widely dubbed the "Tipp-Ex elections" after a brand of correction fluid which opponents claimed had been used to tamper with votes. According to a 2025 study, the irregularities appear consistent with human error, as opposed to intentional fraud.
Lakedance International Film Festival
Founded in 2006, and operating until 2009, the Lakedance International Film Festival was held annually in Sandpoint, Idaho in autumn, featuring an international juried competition of feature and short length independent films, question and answer sessions with filmmakers and stars, panel discussions, gala events, outdoor screenings, educational opportunities and VIP exclusive events.

Sandpoint, Idaho
Sandpoint is the largest city in and the county seat of Bonner County, Idaho, United States. Its population was 9,777 as of the 2022 census.

Sandpoint's major economic contributors include forest products, light manufacturing, tourism, recreation and government services. As the largest service center in the two northern Idaho counties (Bonner and Boundary), as well as northwestern Montana, it has an active retail sector.

Sandpoint lies on the shores of Idaho's largest lake, 43-mile-long (69-kilometer) Lake Pend Oreille, and is surrounded by three major mountain ranges, the Selkirk, Cabinet and Bitterroot ranges. It is home to Schweitzer Mountain Resort, Idaho's largest ski resort, and is on the International Selkirk Loop and two National Scenic Byways (Wild Horse Trail and Pend Oreille Scenic Byway). Among other distinctions awarded by national media in the past decade, in 2011 Sandpoint was named the nation's "Most Beautiful Small Town" by Rand McNally and USA Today.
Oğuzhan Özyakup
Oğuzhan Özyakup (born 23 September 1992), also known as Ozzie or Ozzy, is a Dutch-Turkish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Born in Zaandam, the Netherlands, Özyakup has previously featured for clubs AZ and Arsenal. While at Arsenal, he won the 2008–09 and 2009–10 Premier Academy League, as well as the 2008–09 FA Youth Cup. At the professional level, Özyakup has won the 2015–16 and 2016–17 Süper Lig with Beşiktaş.

Özyakup represented Netherlands at U-17 which he also captained and, U-19 levels until he switched to represent Turkey in 2012. He represented Turkey 7 times at U-21 level, scoring twice. Earned his first senior international cap in 2013, Özyakup was a Turkish international, being a part of Euro 2016 squad, representing the nation 42 times and scoring once. At the age of 31, he announced his retirement.

2015–16 Süper Lig
The 2015–16 Süper Lig (known as the Spor Toto Süper Lig for sponsorship reasons) is the 58th season of the Süper Lig, the highest tier football league of Turkey.

The season was named after Hasan Doğan, a former president of the Turkish Football Federation, who died in 2008.
Nhora Mondragón
Nhora Yanet Mondragón Ortíz (born c. 1988) is a Colombian business administrator and politician who has served as the general secretary to the president since January 2026.

Mondragón graduated with a specialization in health administration and another in public management from the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. She worked for the mayor of Cali, Jorge Iván Ospina, as secretary of government. Later, she served as Director of security and coexistence at the ministry of the Interior under Minister Armando Benedetti.

In January 2026, following the resignation of Angie Rodríguez, Mondragón was appointed as general secretary to the president by President Gustavo Petro.

Jorge Iván Ospina
Jorge Iván Ospina Gómez (born 1 October 1965) is a former Colombian Senator and former mayor of Santiago de Cali, the third-largest city in Colombia and the economic hub for Southwestern Colombia. Ospina is also a doctor who has worked in the hospital of the University of Valle, known as the Hospital Universitario del Valle Evaristo Garcia. Ospina's father, Ivan Marino Ospina, was a guerrilla fighter and co-founder of the revolutionary group 19th of April Movement (M-19). Ospina was sworn in as mayor on 1 January 2019 and stayed in position until 31 December 2023.
Palaeovespa
Palaeovespa is an extinct genus of wasp in the Vespidae subfamily Vespinae. The genus currently contains eight species: five from the Priabonian stage Florissant Formation in Colorado, United States, two from the middle Eocene Baltic amber deposits of Europe, and one species from the late Paleocene of France.

Florissant Formation
The Florissant Formation is a sedimentary geologic formation outcropping around Florissant, Teller County, Colorado. The formation is noted for the abundant and exceptionally preserved insect and plant fossils that are found in the mudstones and shales. Based on argon radiometric dating, the formation is Eocene (approximately 34 million years old ) in age and has been interpreted as a lake environment. The fossils have been preserved because of the interaction of the volcanic ash from the nearby Thirtynine Mile volcanic field with diatoms in the lake, causing a diatom bloom. As the diatoms fell to the bottom of the lake, any plants or animals that had recently died were preserved by the diatom falls. Fine layers of clays and muds interspersed with layers of ash form "paper shales" holding beautifully-preserved fossils. The Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument is a national monument established to preserve and study the geology and history of the area.
Musakhel District, Pakistan
Musakhel
(Urdu: ضلع موسی‌خیل) is a district in the northeast of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. It became a separate district in 1992, prior to which it was a tehsil within Loralai District. Musakhel District is now part of Loralai Division, which was created after splitting Zhob Division.

Districts of Pakistan
The districts of Pakistan (Urdu: اِضلاعِ پاكِستان) are the third-level administrative divisions of Pakistan, below provinces and divisions, but forming the first-tier of local government. In total, there are 145 districts in Pakistan. excluding Islamabad Capital Territory. These districts are further divided into tehsils and union councils.
Dilated fundus examination
Dilated fundus examination (DFE) is a diagnostic procedure that uses mydriatic eye drops to dilate or enlarge the pupil in order to obtain a better view of the fundus of the eye. Once the pupil is dilated, examiners use ophthalmoscopy to view the eye's interior, which makes it easier to assess the retina, optic nerve head, blood vessels, and other important features. DFE has been found to be a more effective method for evaluating eye health when compared to non-dilated examination, and is the best method of evaluating structures behind the iris. It is frequently performed by ophthalmologists and optometrists as part of an eye examination.

Optic disc
The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye. Because there are no rods or cones overlying the optic disc, it corresponds to a small blind spot in each eye.

The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc in a normal human eye carries 1–1.2 million afferent nerve fibers from the eye toward the brain. The optic disc is also the entry point for the major arteries that supply the retina with blood, and the exit point for the veins from the retina.
Mark Smith (basketball)
Mark Anthony Smith (born August 16, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for Ratiopharm Ulm of the German Basketball Bundesliga. He previously played for the Illinois Fighting Illini, the Missouri Tigers, and the Kansas State Wildcats.

Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball
The Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team represents Kansas State University in college basketball competition. The program is classified in the NCAA Division I, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference. The Interim Head Coach is  Matthew Driscoll.

The program began competition in 1902. The first two major-conference regular season titles won by the school were won by the men's basketball team, in 1917 and 1919 (in the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association). Kansas State has gone on to win 19 regular season conference crowns. The Wildcats have appeared in the NCAA tournament 32 times, most recently in 2023. Kansas State's best season finish came in 1951, losing the national final to Kentucky. Jeff Sagarin listed the program 27th in his all-time rankings in the ESPN College Basketball Encyclopedia. Following the 2024-25 season, the Wildcats have a record of 1,752-1,254.
Atlanta Beat (WUSA)
The Atlanta Beat was a professional soccer team that played in the Women's United Soccer Association. The team played at Bobby Dodd Stadium on the campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology in its first year of operation before moving to Herndon Stadium, on the campus of Morris Brown College in Atlanta, Georgia.

Women's United Soccer Association
The Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA) was the world's first women's soccer league in which all the players were paid as professionals. Founded in February 2000, the league began its first season in April 2001 with eight teams in the United States. The league suspended operations on September 15, 2003, shortly after the end of its third season, after making cumulative losses of around US$100 million.
Candesartan
Candesartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) primarily used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure. It is always administered in its inactive prodrug form, candesartan cilexetil, which is converted to the active drug during absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Like olmesartan, candesartan is a cascading prodrug, a feature that influences its pharmacokinetics. It has good bioavailability and is considered one of the most potent AT1 receptor antagonists by weight. Its effective maintenance dose is also relatively low.

It was patented in 1990 and approved for medical use in 1997.

Angiotensin II receptor type 1
Angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) is a Gq/11-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and the best characterized angiotensin receptor. It is encoded in humans by the AGTR1 gene. AT1 has vasopressor effects and regulates aldosterone secretion. It is an important effector controlling blood pressure and volume in the cardiovascular system. Angiotensin II receptor blockers are drugs indicated for hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and congestive heart failure.
Sophisticat
Sophisticat (foaled 25 January 1999) was a Kentucky-bred, Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. A daughter of Storm Cat out of the champion filly Serena's Song she was sold for $3.7 million as a yearling and raced in Europe for the Coolmore Stud organization. Racing as a two-year-old, she won only one minor race but was placed in the Queen Mary Stakes, Silver Flash Stakes, Lowther Stakes, Moyglare Stud Stakes and Cheveley Park Stakes. In the following year she won the Prix de la Grotte and finished second in the Poule d'Essai des Pouliches before recording her biggest success in the Coronation Stakes at Royal Ascot. She was retired at the end of the year and had some success as a broodmare.

Coolmore Stud
Coolmore Stud, in Fethard, County Tipperary, Ireland, is the headquarters of one of the world's largest breeding operation of thoroughbred racehorses. Through its racing arm, Ballydoyle, Coolmore also has raced many classic winners and champions. The operation, which is currently owned and run by the Magnier family, has been associated with a long sequence of top-class stallions since the 1850s, originally in County Cork, where stallions still stand as part of Coolmore today.

Coolmore was once home to champion sires Sadler's Wells, Danehill, and Galileo.
Ahmed Easa (politician)
Ahmed Easa (/ˈɑːməd ˈiːsə/AH-med-EE-sah; Dhivehi: އަޙްމަދު އީސާ; born 12 February 1976) is a Maldivian politician, activist and entrepreneur. He served two terms as a member of the People’s Majlis, representing Kendhikulhudhoo, and a member of the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP). Easa has led parliamentary committees on social affairs and state-owned enterprises and is known for his work on labor reforms, including the establishment of the Maldives’ first national minimum wage.

Easa founded the Tourism Employees Association of Maldives (TEAM) in 2008, the Maldives' first trade union, and contributed to labor reforms, including the 2020 Employment Act amendments establishing a national minimum wage effective 1 January 2022. His career includes legislative efforts on fiscal policy, social issues and anti-corruption, alongside involvement in protests and parliamentary controversies.

People's Majlis
The People's Majlis (Dhivehi: ރައްޔިތުންގެ މަޖިލިސް, romanized: Rayyithunge Majilis) is the unicameral legislative body of the Maldives. It has the authority to enact, amend and revise laws, as outlined in the Constitution of the Maldives. It is composed of 93 members as of 2024.

Each year on the first Monday or Thursday of February, the Majlis is opened by the President of the Maldives. During the opening of ceremony, the president outlines his policies and achievements in his presidential term. The annual state budget is decided here. Its working language is Dhivehi.
Jordan Walker (basketball)
Jordan "Jelly" Walker (born August 11, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for Maroussi of the Greek Basketball League. He played college basketball for the Seton Hall Pirates, Tulane Green Wave and UAB Blazers.

Tulane Green Wave men's basketball
The Tulane Green Wave men's basketball team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I college basketball. The team competes in the American Athletic Conference. They play home games on campus in Devlin Fieldhouse, the ninth-oldest active basketball venue in the nation. The team's last appearance in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament was in 1995.

Tulane is the only school from the original Metro Conference that remained in the conference through its 1975 founding, the 1991 breakup that saw several schools form the Great Midwest Conference, the 1995 reunification that created today's Conference USA, and the 2004 realignment of conferences. It rejoined many of its previous conference mates when it became a member of the American Athletic Conference in 2014.
Second Battle of Tijuana
The Second Battle of Tijuana was fought during the Mexican Revolution in June 1911. The opposing sides were rebel Magonistas and federal Mexican troops of President Francisco León de la Barra with American militia volunteers from Los Angeles, California. Tijuana was retaken by federal forces after a short battle just south of the town.

Ricardo Flores Magón
Cipriano Ricardo Flores Magón (Spanish: [riˈkaɾðo ˈfloɾes maˈɣon]; known as Ricardo Flores Magón; September 16, 1874 – November 21, 1922) was a Mexican anarchist and social reform activist. His brothers Enrique and Jesús were also active in politics. Followers of the Flores Magón brothers were known as Magonistas. He has been considered an important participant in the social movement that sparked the Mexican Revolution.
Darius Khondji
Darius Khondji AFC, ASC (Persian: داریوش خنجی; born 21 October 1955) is an Iranian-French cinematographer. He is known for his work with directors such as Jean-Pierre Jeunet, David Fincher, Michael Haneke, Woody Allen, James Gray, Bong Joon-ho, Wong Kar-Wai, and the Safdie brothers. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards, two BAFTA Awards and three César Awards.

American Society of Cinematographers
The American Society of Cinematographers (ASC), founded in Hollywood in 1919, is a cultural, educational, and professional organization that is neither a labor union nor a guild. The society was organized to advance the science and art of cinematography and gather a wide range of cinematographers to discuss techniques and ideas and to advocate for motion pictures as a type of art form. Currently, the president of the ASC is Mandy Walker.

Members use the post-nominal letters "ASC". On the 1920 film titled Sand!, cinematographer Joseph H. August, who was an original member of the ASC, became the first individual to have the "ASC" appear after his name on the onscreen credit.

Only cinematographers and special effect supervisors can become ASC members. Basic requirements include being a director of photography for a minimum five out of the last eight years, having a high professional reputation and being recommended by three active or retired ASC members.
Chaudfroid sauce
Chaudfroid sauce, also spelled as chaud-froid sauce, is a culinary sauce that can be prepared using a reduction of boiled meat carcasses and other ingredients. Simpler preparations of the sauce omit the use of meat, with some variations using sauces such as espagnole, allemande or velouté as a base. Chaudfroid sauce is typically served cold, atop cold meats and cold meat-based dishes such as galantine and terrine.

Espagnole sauce
Espagnole sauce (French pronunciation: [ɛspaɲɔl] ⓘ) is a basic brown sauce, and is one of the mother sauces of classic French cuisine. It is a strong-flavoured brown sauce, made from a dark brown roux and brown stock—usually beef or veal stock—and tomatoes or tomato paste.

In the early 19th century the chef Antonin Carême included it in his list of the basic sauces of French cooking. In the early 20th century Auguste Escoffier named it as one of the five sauces at the core of France's cuisine.