hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Intercalary month (Egypt)
The intercalary month or epagomenal days of the ancient Egyptian, Coptic, and Ethiopian calendars are a period of five days in common years and six days in leap years in addition to those calendars' 12 standard months, sometimes reckoned as their thirteenth month. They originated as a periodic measure to ensure that the heliacal rising of Sirius would occur in the 12th month of the Egyptian lunar calendar but became a regular feature of the civil calendar and its descendants. Coptic and Ethiopian leap days occur in the year preceding Julian and Gregorian leap years.

Thout
Thout (Coptic: Ⲑⲱⲟⲩⲧ, [tʰoːuːt]), also known as Thoth (Ancient Greek: Θωθ, Thōth) and Tut (Arabic: توت), is the first month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between 11 September and 10 October of the Gregorian calendar.

The month of Thout is also the first month of the Season of Akhet (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods historically covered the land of Egypt; it has not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan.
Paul Weinberg
Paul M. Weinberg was professor of pediatrics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and a pediatric cardiologist at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. He was internationally known for his contributions to pediatric cardiology education and the pathology of congenital heart disease.

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is a children's hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Its primary campus is located in the University City neighborhood of West Philadelphia, next to the University of Pennsylvania. The hospital has 692 beds and more than 1.6 million outpatient and inpatient visits annually. It is one of the world's largest and oldest children's hospitals and was the first hospital in the United States dedicated to the healthcare of children.

CHOP has been ranked among the best ten children's hospitals in the United States by U.S. News & World Report since 2009. As of 2024, it was ranked number one in the nation by U.S. News & World Report for two out of eleven specialties. The hospital treats infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21.

The hospital also treats adults who would benefit from advanced pediatric care. Most of its physicians serve in the pediatrics and other specialty departments of the Perelman School of Medicine.
Toucheng
Toucheng Township (Chinese: 頭城鎮; pinyin: tóu chéng zhèn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thâu-siâⁿ-tìn) is an urban township in Yilan County, Taiwan. The township includes Guishan Island and Guiluan Island in the Philippine Sea. The Senkaku Islands, known in Mandarin as the Diaoyu Islands, are claimed as part of the township.

Township (Taiwan)
Townships are the third-level administrative subdivisions of counties of the Republic of China (Taiwan), along with county-administered cities. After World War II, the townships were established from the following conversions on the Japanese administrative divisions:

Although local laws do not enforce strict standards for classifying them, generally urban townships have a larger population and more business and industry than rural townships, but not to the extent of county-administered cities. Under townships, there is also the village as the base/fourth level of administration.

As of 2022, there are in all 184 townships, including 38 urban townships, 122 rural townships and 24 mountain indigenous townships. 174 townships with 35 urban and 115 rural townships are located in Taiwan Province and 10 townships with 3 urban and 7 rural townships are located in Fujian Province. Penghu and Lienchiang are the only two counties that do not have urban townships.
Brenda Laurel
Brenda Laurel (born 1950) is an American interaction designer, video game designer, and researcher. She is an advocate for diversity and inclusiveness in video games, a "pioneer in developing virtual reality", a public speaker, and an academic. 
She was founder and chair of the graduate design program at California College of the Arts from 2006 to 2012 and the media design graduate program at Art Center College of Design from 2000 to 2006. She has worked for Atari, co-founded the game development studio Purple Moon, and served as an interaction design consultant for multiple companies including Sony Pictures, Apple, and Citibank. As of 2021, her work focuses on STE(A)M learning, and the application of augmented reality within it.

ArtCenter College of Design
The ArtCenter College of Design is a private art college in Pasadena, California.

It was incorporated in 1930 as a degree-granting institution of higher learning in the US created specifically for students of both the visual arts and design. It offers Bachelor of Fine Arts, Bachelor of Science, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, Master of Science, Doctor of Arts, and Doctor of Science degrees across multiple majors mostly relating to design.
Vanashen
39°54′N 44°41′E﻿ / ﻿39.900°N 44.683°E﻿ / 39.900; 44.683

Vanashen (Armenian: Վանաշեն) is a village in the Vedi Municipality of the Ararat Province of Armenia.  Before 1978, it was known as Taytan.

It is one of the sites of the USAID Community Partnership for Health program.

Ararat Province
Ararat (Armenian: Արարատ, Armenian pronunciation: [ɑɾɑˈɾɑt] ⓘ) is a province (marz) of Armenia. Its capital and largest city is the town of Artashat.

The province is named after the biblical Mount Ararat. It is bordered by Turkey from the west and Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic from the south. It surrounds the Karki exclave of Nakhichevan which has been controlled by Armenia since its capture in May 1992 during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. Domestically, Ararat is bordered by Armavir Province from the northwest, Kotayk Province from the north, Gegharkunik Province from the east, Vayots Dzor Province from the southeast and the city of Yerevan from the north.

Two former capitals of Armenia are located in the modern-day Ararat Province, Artaxata and Dvin. It is also home to the Khor Virap monastery, significant as the place of Gregory the Illuminator's 13-year imprisonment and the closest point to Mount Ararat within Armenian borders.
Elaine Bergstrom
Elaine Bergstrom is an American author in the genres of fantasy and horror. She has had 13 novels published. She has been described by the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel as "one of Wisconsin's best-known horror novelists".

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel is a daily morning broadsheet printed in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where it is the primary newspaper and also the largest newspaper in the state of Wisconsin, where it is widely read. It was purchased by the Gannett Company in 2016.

In early 2003, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel began printing at a new facility in West Milwaukee. In September 2006, the Journal Sentinel announced it had "signed a five-year agreement to print the national edition of USA Today for distribution in the northern and western suburbs of Chicago and the eastern half of Wisconsin".
Songjiang Nanjing metro station
Songjiang Nanjing (Chinese: 松江南京; pinyin: Sōngjiāng Nánjīng) is a metro station in Taipei, Taiwan served by Taipei Metro. It is a transfer station between the Songshan–Xindian line and Zhonghe–Xinlu line. The station opened on 3 November 2010 for traffic on the Zhonghe–Xinlu line, and Songshan–Xindian line services opened on 15 November 2014.

Songshan–Xindian line
The Songshan–Xindian or Green line (code G) is a metro line in Taipei operated by Taipei Metro, named after the districts it connects: Songshan and Xindian. Parts of the line runs under the Roosevelt Road, following the route of the former Xindian (Hsintien) railway line, which ceased service in 1965 on its southern section.
Mao Gong ding
The Mao Gong ding (Chinese: 毛公鼎; pinyin: Máogōng dǐng; lit. 'Lord Mao's cauldron') is a bronze tripod ding vessel from the Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1045 – c. 771 BCE). After the retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan, it is currently located at the National Palace Museum in Taipei, where it is known as one of the museum's "three treasures", alongside the Jadeite Cabbage and Meat-Shaped Stone. The vessel has an inscription of 500 characters arranged in 32 lines, the longest inscription among the ancient Chinese bronze inscriptions. The ding dates from the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, and was presented to him by the Lord Yin of Mao.

Chinese bronze inscriptions
Chinese bronze inscriptions, also referred to as bronze script or bronzeware script, comprise Chinese writing made in several styles on ritual bronzes mainly during the Late Shang dynasty (c. 1250 – c. 1046 BC) and Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1046 – 771 BC). Types of bronzes include zhong bells and ding tripodal cauldrons. Early inscriptions were almost always made with a stylus into a clay mold, from which the bronze itself was then cast. Additional inscriptions were often later engraved onto bronzes after casting. The bronze inscriptions are one of the earliest scripts in the Chinese family of scripts, preceded by the oracle bone script.
Hideki Suzuki
Hideki Suzuki (鈴木 秀樹, Suzuki Hideki; born February 18, 1980) is a Japanese professional wrestler and catch wrestler signed to All Japan Pro Wrestling.

Trained by Billy Robinson, Suzuki started his career with the Inoki Genome Federation (IGF) promotion in 2008. In 2014, he left IGF to become a freelancer, starting to work for promotions such as Big Japan Pro Wrestling (BJW), Pro Wrestling Zero1 (Zero1) and Wrestle-1 (W-1). He is a former two-time BJW World Strong Heavyweight Champion, a former one-time Zero1 World Heavyweight, NWA United National Heavyweight, Wrestle-1 Champion and NWA Intercontinental Tag Team Champion. In 2017, Fighting TV Samurai named Suzuki the MVP in Japanese independent wrestling. In 2021, Suzuki signed with WWE, where he performed on the NXT brand under the ring name Hachiman as a member of Diamond Mine, and also worked as a coach at the WWE Performance Center.

Wrestle-1 Championship
The Wrestle-1 Championship (WRESTLE-1チャンピオンシップ, Wrestle-1 Chanpionshippu) was the top professional wrestling title owned by the Wrestle-1 (W-1) promotion. In Japanese the title's name includes the katakana term for "championship", Chanpionshippu (チャンピオンシップ), derived from the English language instead of the more common kanji term Ōza (王座). The title also does not feature the word "Heavyweight" or any other weight class, indicating an open-weight status de facto.

Like most professional wrestling championships, the title is won as a result of a scripted match. There have been seventeen reigns shared among eleven wrestlers.
760 Massinga
760 Massinga (prov. designation: A913 QD or 1913 SL) is a large background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 70 kilometers (43 miles) in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Franz Kaiser at the Heidelberg Observatory on 28 August 1913. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 10.7 hours and is somewhat elongated in shape. It was named in memory of Adam Massinger (1888–1914), a German astronomer at Heidelberg who was killed in World War I.

Franz Kaiser
Franz Heinrich Kaiser (25 April 1891 – 13 March 1962) was a German astronomer.

He worked at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl Observatory from 1911 to 1914 while working on his Ph.D. there, which he obtained in 1915. During this time, Heidelberg was a center of asteroid discovery, and Kaiser discovered 21 asteroids during his time there.

The outer main-belt asteroid 3183 Franzkaiser was named in his memory on 1 September 1993 (M.P.C. 22497).
Ministry of Public Security Active Service Forces
Ministry of Public Security Active Services Forces (MPSASF; Chinese: 公安现役部队) was a term referring to three separate agencies under the command of the Ministry of Public Security however were composed of People's Armed Police personnel. Its name comes from the fact that since the personnel were considered PAP personnel, they were treated as active service military personnel. After the Deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions in 2018, Border Defense Corps and Guard Corps personnel became People's Police personnel, while the China Fire Services were merged with the People's Armed Police Forestry Corps and became the China Fire and Rescue, making the use of the  term defunct.

China Coast Guard
The China Coast Guard (CCG; 中国海警局) is the maritime security, search and rescue, and law enforcement service branch of the People's Armed Police (PAP) of China. The emergency number of the Coast Guard is 95110, which began operation in 2019.

Between 2013 and 2023, the CCG confiscated a total of 9.875 tonnes of drugs, 21 billion RMB worth of smuggled goods and 12 million tonnes of stolen sand, along with responding to over 53,000 emergency calls  and handling 24,000 cases.
Bessent v. Dellinger
Bessent v. Dellinger was a 2025 case in which lawyer Hampton Dellinger challenged his firing from the United States Office of Special Counsel.

On February 12, 2025, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia issued a temporary restraining order preventing Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent and several other officials from executing this without-cause firing until a February 26 hearing.  In this first case involving the second presidency of Donald Trump to reach the Supreme Court, the court allowed the order to stand given its short duration.

The District Court later ruled that Dellinger should remain at his post, stating that the Office of Special Counsel must be independent or it cannot perform its function. On March 5, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit lifted the injunction pending appeal, allowing Dellinger's firing to go into effect. Dellinger dropped his lawsuit the following day.

United States District Court for the District of Columbia
The United States District Court for the District of Columbia (in case citations, D.D.C.) is a federal district court in Washington, D.C. Along with the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii and the High Court of American Samoa, it also sometimes handles federal issues that arise in the territory of American Samoa, which has no local federal court or territorial court.

Appeals from the District Court are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, except for patent claims and claims against the United States federal government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit.

The United States Attorney for the District of Columbia is Jeanine Pirro.
Causal sets
The causal sets program is an approach to quantum gravity. Its founding principles are that spacetime is fundamentally discrete (a collection of discrete spacetime points, called the elements of the causal set) and that spacetime events are related by a partial order. This partial order has the physical meaning of the causality relations between spacetime events.

Partially ordered set
In mathematics, especially order theory, a partial order on a set is an arrangement such that, for certain pairs of elements, one precedes the other. The word partial is used to indicate that not every pair of elements needs to be comparable; that is, there may be pairs for which neither element precedes the other. Partial orders thus generalize total orders, in which every pair is comparable.

Formally, a partial order is a homogeneous binary relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive. A partially ordered set (poset for short) is an ordered pair  consisting of a set  (called the ground set of ) and a partial order  on . When the meaning is clear from context and there is no ambiguity about the partial order, the set  itself is sometimes called a poset.
Maxim Efimov
Maxim Viktorovich Efimov (Ukrainian: Максим Вікторович Єфімов, romanized: Maksym Viktorovych Yefimov; born 1 November 1974) is a Ukrainian politician and former People's Deputy of Ukraine from Ukraine's 48th electoral district from 2014 to December 2023. Formerly an independent and member of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc, and following this co-chair of Restoration of Ukraine alongside Igor Abramovych.

Igor Abramovych
Igor Oleksandrovych Abramovych (Ukrainian: Ігор Олександрович Абрамович, romanized: Ihor Oleksandrovych Abramovych; born 24 August 1984) is a Ukrainian businessman, politician and billionaire. He was a People's Deputy of Ukraine from 2019 to 2023.
Sino-Spanish conflicts
The Sino-Spanish conflicts were a series of conflicts in the Spanish Philippines, between the authorities of the Spanish Empire and its ethnic Chinese Sangley residents, from the 16th and 18th centuries. The conflicts led to the assassination of Spanish constables and two Spanish governor generals, massacres of Sangley Chinese residents, and Spain losing the Maluku Islands.

Spanish–Moro conflict
The Spanish–Moro conflict (Spanish: La Guerra Español y Moro; Tagalog: Sagupaang Kastila at Moro, Labanang Kastila at Moro) was a series of battles in the Philippines lasting more than three centuries. It began during the Spanish Philippines and lasted until the Spanish–American War, when Spain finally began to subjugate the Moro people after centuries of attempts to do so. Spain ultimately conquered portions of the Mindanao and Jolo islands and turned the Sultanate of Sulu into a protectorate, establishing geographic dominance over the region until the Spanish-American War. Moro resistance continued.
West Worcestershire
West Worcestershire is a constituency in Worcestershire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Harriett Baldwin, a Conservative.

The constituency first existed from 1832 to 1885, formally known as the Western Division of Worcestershire, electing two MPs.

The current constituency, created in 1997, is considered a safe seat for the Conservatives, having been a marginal with the Liberal Democrats from 1997 to 2010. The constituency boundaries roughly correspond with the Malvern Hills District.

Malvern Hills District
Malvern Hills is a local government district in Worcestershire, England. Its council is based in Malvern, the district's largest town. The district also includes the towns of Tenbury Wells and Upton-upon-Severn and a large rural area covering much of the western side of the county, including numerous villages. The district is named after the Malvern Hills, which are a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are Wyre Forest, Wychavon, Worcester, Tewkesbury, Forest of Dean, Herefordshire and Shropshire.  In the 2021 census the population of the Malvern Hills district was 79,973.

The current district was formed in 1998.  A previous Malvern Hills District, covering some of the same area, existed from 1974 to 1998, but had significantly different boundaries.
James Davis (footballer, born 1995)
James Anthony Davis Borikó (born 5 July 1995) is a professional footballer who plays for Tercera Federación club Llosetense. Born in Spain, he played five games for the Equatorial Guinea national team. Mainly a winger, he can also appear as a left back.

Equatorial Guinea national football team
The Equatorial Guinea national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Guinea Ecuatorial) represents Equatorial Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Equatoguinean Football Federation, a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but has qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations on five occasions, the first two times as hosts (in 2012 and 2015). They finished in fourth place in 2015, and reached the quarter-finals in 2012 and 2021.
Kinross Gold
Kinross Gold Corporation is a Canadian-based gold and silver mining company founded in 1993 and headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Kinross currently operates six active gold mines, and was ranked fifth of the "10 Top Gold-mining Companies" of 2019 by InvestingNews. The company's mines are located in Brazil, Mauritania, and the United States. It trades under the KGC ticker in the New York Stock Exchange, and under K in the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Toronto Stock Exchange
The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX; French: Bourse de Toronto) is a stock exchange located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is the 10th largest exchange in the world and the third largest in North America by market capitalization. Based in the EY Tower in Toronto's Financial District, the TSX is a wholly owned subsidiary of the TMX Group for the trading of senior equities.
Eric Wahlforss
Eric Alfred Wahlforss (21 May 1895 – 5 October 1951) was a Finnish chemist and businessman.

Wahlforss's father died when he was young. He studied chemistry and did his DSc in 1924. He emigrated to United States and worked as a chemist for Arthur D. Little, Industrial Process Ltd, Hammermill and Glidden Co. He returned to Finland, and from 1937 to 1941 he worked for A. Ahlström. In 1941 Wahlforss got a manager position in Wärtsilä Selluloosa Oy Äänekoski Pulp Mill, where he stayed until his death in 1951.

Glidden (paints)
Glidden is an American paint brand, manufactured by Pittsburgh Paints Company.

Glidden was purchased by British conglomerate ICI in 1986, which in turn was later acquired by Dutch conglomerate AkzoNobel in 2008. PPG Industries announced an agreement to acquire Glidden from AkzoNobel for $1.05 billion on December 14, 2012. The transaction closed April 1, 2013. Following the deal, PPG will be the second largest paint manufacturer in North America, behind Sherwin-Williams.

In October 2024, PPG Industries reached a deal to sell its architectural coatings U.S. and Canada business, which includes Glidden, to American Industrial Partners, the new entity is called Pittsburgh Paints Company.
German studies
German studies is an academic field that researches, documents and disseminates German language, literature, and culture in its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies therefore often focus on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Approaches to the discipline vary by country. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics alongside Germanophone literature and cultural studies.

Common names for "German Studies" for the field within German-speaking countries are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Academics who specialize in German studies are referred to as Germanists.

Culture of Germany
The culture of Germany has been shaped by its central position in Europe and a history spanning over a millennium. Characterized by significant contributions to art, music, philosophy, religion, science, and technology, German culture is both diverse and influential. Historically, Germany was not a unified nation for long periods, leading to a wide variety of regional customs and traditions. From the medieval Holy Roman Empire to the modern Federal Republic, German culture has absorbed influences from across the continent and beyond. Key aspects include a strong emphasis on education and craftsmanship, a long literary tradition featuring figures like Goethe and Schiller, a musical heritage from Bach to Beethoven, and a philosophical legacy including Kant and Marx. Germany is also known for its numerous festivals, regional cuisines, and a commitment to preserving its historical heritage while embracing contemporary trends in art, architecture, and popular culture.