hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bell Media Radio
Bell Media Radio, G.P. (formerly CHUM Radio), operating as iHeartRadio Canada, is the radio broadcasting and music events subsidiary of Canadian media conglomerate Bell Media, a division of BCE Inc.. The company owns stations across the country, including in most of Canada's largest radio markets. The company's programming is distributed to other stations across Canada via its syndication division, Orbyt Media, and it is also the local licensee of the Virgin Radio brand.

iHeartRadio Canada's originated in 1945 as CHUM Radio which was then acquired by CTVglobemedia in 2007 and expanded upon the acquisition of Astral Media in 2013. The company operated over 71 radio stations across the country until 2023. Today, it operates 55 stations after a series of sales and closures.

Virgin Radio
Virgin Radio is a branding of radio stations broadcast in Canada, France, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Italy, Romania, Turkey, Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates and Oman. As of January 2026, there were over 60 stations globally.

The stations in each country are owned and operated locally and independently of each other and the Virgin Group, which licenses the Virgin Radio brand and provides support services.
Þrymlur
Þrymlur is an Icelandic mythological rímur cycle dated to the 15th century. Þrymlur narrates Thor's reclaiming of his hammer Mjöllnir from the giant Þrymr, a myth also preserved in the Eddic poem Þrymskviða. The version in Þrymlur is believed to be based on that of Þrymskviða, but is in some respects more detailed and has some independent elements.

The cycle consists of three rímur, each in a different verse form. The first is in ferskeytt, the second in braghent and the third in stafhent. The rímur are only preserved in one medieval manuscript, Staðarhólsbók. The beginning of the first ríma is lost.

Sophus Bugge argued that the Scandinavian ballad Torsvisen was originally based on Þrymlur, pointing out some parallels. Finnur Jónsson and Björn Karel Þórólfsson regarded this as highly improbable.

Sophus Bugge
Elseus Sophus Bugge (5 January 1833 – 8 July 1907) was a Norwegian philologist and linguist. His scholarly work was directed to the study of runic inscriptions and Norse philology.  Bugge is best known for his theories and his work on the runic alphabet and the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda.
Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019
Russia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 with the song "Scream", written by Philipp Kirkorov, Dimitris Kontopoulos and Sharon Vaughn. The song was performed by Sergey Lazarev, who was internally selected by the Russian broadcaster Russia-1 to represent the nation at the 2019 contest in Tel Aviv, Israel.

Russia-1
Russia-1 (Russian: Россия-1) is a state-owned Russian television channel, first aired on 14 February 1956 as Programme Two in the Soviet Union. It was relaunched as RTR on 13 May 1991, and is known as Russia-1. It is the flagship channel of the All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK).

In 2008 Russia-1 had the second largest audience in Russian television. In a typical week, it was viewed by 75% of urban Russians, compared to 83% for the leading channel, Channel One. The two channels are similar in their politics, and they compete directly in entertainment. Russia-1 has many regional variations and broadcasts in many languages.
Nzomo Mutuku
Nzomo Mutuku is a former Kenyan C-Suite executive at the Retirement Benefits Authority of Kenya. He served the organization as the chief executive officer from March 2017 to the end of his tenure in June 2022. He was also an ex-officio member of the board of directors. He died in London days after his retirement.

Retirement Benefits Authority of Kenya
The Retirement Benefits Authority (RBA) is a regulatory body established by the Government of Kenya to supervise the establishment and management of retirement benefits schemes  in the Republic of Kenya.
The Only Good Indians
The Only Good Indians is a 2020 horror novel by Stephen Graham Jones. It was written during a stay at a rented house in Colorado. It was first published on July 14, 2020, through Saga Press and Titan Books.

The novel centers on four members of the Blackfeet Nation, half of which have left their reservation. Ten years prior, the group pursued a herd of elk in the elder's section of the reservation. After the accidental killing of a pregnant elk and its fetus, they are hunted by the elk's vengeful spirit. After they are successfully killed, the elk's vendetta is redirected towards Denorah, the daughter of one of the four men, who must confront a past she was uninvolved in. The novel explores themes of culture, violence, and womanhood.

Blackfeet Nation
The Blackfeet Nation (Blackfoot: Aamsskáápipikani / ǎmssk̇ǎaṗiiṗiik̇ǔni, Pikuni / ṗiik̇ǔni), officially named the Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, is a federally recognized tribe of Siksikaitsitapi people with an Indian reservation in Montana. Tribal members primarily belong to the Piegan Blackfeet (Ampskapi Piikani) band of the larger Blackfoot Confederacy that spans Canada and the United States.

The Blackfeet Indian Reservation is located east of Glacier National Park and borders Alberta. Cut Bank Creek and Birch Creek form part of its eastern and southern borders. The reservation contains 3,000 square miles (7,800 km2), twice the size of the national park and larger than the state of Delaware. It is located in parts of Glacier and Pondera counties.
Jeff Seidel
Jeffrey "Jeff" Seidel (born 1957) is a kiruv (Orthodox Jewish outreach) personality in Jerusalem. Since 1982, he has introduced thousands of Jewish college students to their first Shabbat experience and offered free tours and classes through his Jewish Student Information Centers in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Beersheba, and Herzliya. He also compiled The Jewish Traveler's Resource Guide, which lists Shabbat placement programs around the world.

Baal teshuva
In Judaism, a ba'al teshuvah (Hebrew: בעל תשובה; for a woman, בעלת תשובה, ba'alat teshuva or ba'alas teshuva; plural, בעלי תשובה, ba'alei teshuva, 'owner of return [to God or his way]') is a Jew who adopts some form of traditional religious observance after having previously followed a secular lifestyle or a less  frum form of Judaism.

The baal teshuva movement is a description of the return of secular Jews to religious Judaism. The term is used to refer to a worldwide phenomenon among the Jewish people.
Baurutitan
Baurutitan is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous in what is now Brazil. The type species, Baurutitan britoi, was described in 2005 by Kellner and colleagues, although the fossil remains had already been discovered in 1957. Baurutitan is classified as a lithostrotian titanosaur, and is distinguished from related genera based on its distinctive caudal vertebrae. This South American dinosaur was found in the Serra da Galga Formation near Uberaba, in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.

Lithostrotia
Lithostrotia is a clade of derived titanosaur sauropods that lived during the Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous. The group was defined by Upchurch et al. in 2004 as the most recent common ancestor of Malawisaurus and Saltasaurus and all the descendants of that ancestor. Lithostrotia is derived from the Ancient Greek lithostros, meaning "inlaid with stones", referring to the fact that many known lithostrotians are preserved with osteoderms. However, osteoderms are not a distinguishing feature of the group, as the two noted by Unchurch et al. include caudal vertebrae with strongly concave front faces (procoely), although the furthest vertebrae are not procoelous.
Addison-Wesley
Addison–Wesley is an American publisher of textbooks and computer literature. It is an imprint of Pearson plc, a global publishing and education company. In addition to publishing books, Addison–Wesley also distributes its technical titles through the O'Reilly Online Learning e-reference service. Addison–Wesley's majority of sales derive from the United States (55%) and Europe (22%).

The Addison–Wesley Professional Imprint produces content including books, eBooks, and video for the professional IT worker including developers, programmers, managers, system administrators.  Classic titles include The Art of Computer Programming, The C++ Programming Language, The Mythical Man-Month, and Design Patterns.

Design Patterns
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring the capabilities and pitfalls of object-oriented programming, and the remaining chapters describing 23 classic software design patterns. The book includes examples in C++ and Smalltalk.

It has been influential to the field of software engineering and is regarded as an important source for object-oriented design theory and practice. More than 500,000 copies have been sold in English and in 13 other languages. The authors are often referred to as the Gang of Four (GoF).
2008 Palauan general election
General elections were held in Palau on 4 November 2008 to elect the President and members of the National Congress. The presidential election was won by Johnson Toribiong. Incumbent President Tommy Remengesau was ineligible to run because he had served the maximum two consecutive terms allowed and announced that he would run for a seat in the Senate.

This was the first election in Palau in which presidential candidates ran with a declared vice-presidential candidates. In previous elections, the President and vice-presidents had been elected separately, and the winners of those elections served as a "national leadership team".

Senate of Palau
The Senate of Palau is the upper house of the Palau National Congress (Olbiil era Kelulau). The Senate members are elected to serve four-year terms in multi-seat constituencies. Since January 2025, the Senate has 15 members. No political parties exist. The most recent election was held in November 2024.
2013 Liga MX Clausura Liguilla
The Liguilla (English: Mini League) of the 2013 Liga MX Clausura is the final knockout tournament involving eight teams of Liga MX. The tournament began on 8 May 2013 and will end on 26 May 2013. The winners and runners-up of the competition will qualify for the 2013–14 CONCACAF Champions League.

2013–14 CONCACAF Champions League
The 2013–14 CONCACAF Champions League was the 6th edition of the CONCACAF Champions League under its current name, and overall the 49th edition of the premier football club competition organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America and the Caribbean. Monterrey were the three-time defending champions, but were unable to defend their title as they failed to qualify for the tournament.

Cruz Azul won a record-setting sixth CONCACAF club title (and their first during the Champions League era), after winning an all-Mexican final over Toluca on away goals. As a result, they qualified as the CONCACAF representative at the 2014 FIFA Club World Cup.
Susan K. Foss
Susan K. Foss (born December 24, 1941, in Traverse City, Michigan) was an American engineer. She worked at Deere and Company throughout her career and held numerous service roles in the Society for Experimental Mechanics, including serving as the society's first female president from 1998 to 1999. She died on January 24, 2013.

Society for Experimental Mechanics
Society for Experimental Mechanics (SEM) is a professional organization for engineers and scientists studying the design and implementation of experiments to characterize materials, structures, and systems. Formed in 1943 as the Society for Experimental Stress Analysis (SESA), early work focused on methods such as photoelasticity and strain gages.  Society historical records refer to the society as SESA through the 1984 Fall SESA meeting in Milwaukee, WI and start referring the society as SEM with the 1985 Spring SEM meeting in Las Vegas, NV.  The society has expanded to include topics including modal analysis, digital image correlation, Split Hopkinson pressure bar, Residual stress, and biomaterials.
Sa Pusod ng Dagat
Sa Pusod ng Dagat (transl. In the Navel of the Sea) is a 1998 Filipino drama film produced and directed by Marilou Diaz-Abaya and written by Jun Lana from his Palanca Award-winning screenplay Mga Bangka sa Tag-araw. It stars Jomari Yllana,  Chin-Chin Gutierrez, and Elizabeth Oropesa, with supporting cast includes Pen Medina, Rolando Tinio, Jhong Hilario, and Ronnie Lazaro.

Produced by GMA Films and Film Experts, the film was theatrically released on March 13, 1998, and received critical acclaim from local and international film festivals.

Chin-Chin Gutierrez
Carminia Lourdes Cynthia Arnaldo Gutierrez (born November 22, 1971), better known as Chin-Chin Gutierrez, is a Filipina actress and environmentalist.

Gutierrez starred in a number of films during the 1990s, among them are Maalaala Mo Kaya: The Movie (1994), Sa Aking Mga Kamay (1996) and April, May and June (1998) for Star Cinema.

As a film actress she did historical films such as “Ama Namin” and “Jose Rizal” indie films such as “Bayad Puri” 1996 lead such as Ikaw Pala Ang Mahal Ko (1997) April May June (1998)
Before the Devil Knows You're Dead
Before the Devil Knows You're Dead is a 2007 American crime thriller film directed by Sidney Lumet. The film was written by Kelly Masterson, and stars Philip Seymour Hoffman, Ethan Hawke, Marisa Tomei, and Albert Finney. The title comes from the Irish saying: "May you be in heaven a full half-hour before the devil knows you're dead". The film unfolds in a nonlinear narrative, repeatedly going back and forth in time, with some scenes shown repeatedly from differing points of view. It was the last film Lumet directed before his death in 2011.

The film appeared on 21 critics' end-of-the-year top ten lists indexed by Metacritic and was selected as one of 2007's ten best American films by the American Film Institute, at the 2007 AFI Awards.

American Film Institute Awards
The American Film Institute Awards (also known as the AFI Awards) are awards presented by the American Film Institute to recognize the top ten films and television programs of the year. Unlike other accolades about the art form, the AFI Awards acknowledge the film and television productions deemed culturally and artistically representative of the year's most significant achievements in the art of the moving image in American cinema.

Media that does not fit the AFI's conventional eligibility criteria for the main categories, such as non-American productions as well as other types of media, are given recognition through the AFI Special Award.
Los Colorados Formation
The Los Colorados Formation is a sedimentary rock formation of the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin, found in the provinces of San Juan and La Rioja in Argentina. The formation dates back to the Norian age of the Late Triassic.

The up to 600 metres (2,000 ft) thick formation comprises sandstones, siltstones, mudstones and conglomerates with gypsum layers deposited in a fluvial to lacustrine environment. The formation is the uppermost stratigraphic unit of the Agua de la Peña Group, overlying the Lagerstätte of the Ischigualasto Formation. Los Colorados Formation is partly covered by the Cretaceous Cerro Rajado Formation, separated by an unconformity.

The formation is known for its fossils of early dinosaurs, including the coelophysoid Zupaysaurus and the "prosauropods" Coloradisaurus, Lessemsaurus, and Riojasaurus. Magnetostratigraphic analysis suggests that the Los Colorados Formation was deposited between 227 and 213 million years ago.

La Rioja Province, Argentina
La Rioja (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈrjoxa]), officially Province of La Rioja is a province of Argentina located in the west of the country. The landscape of the province consists of a series of arid to semi-arid mountain ranges and agricultural valleys in between. It is in one of these valleys that the capital of the province, the city of La Rioja, lies. Neighboring provinces are, from the north clockwise, Catamarca, Córdoba, San Luis and San Juan. The Triassic sauropodomorph dinosaur Riojasaurus is named after the province.
Rafael Morais
Rafael Morais is a Portuguese actor and film director. He has worked with several globally awarded filmmakers, such as Lav Diaz, Marco Martins, Joao Canijo, and Tiago Guedes. He won the Best Actor prize at the 2023 Prishtina International Film Festival for his performance in Albania's 95th Academy Awards submission, A Cup of Coffee and New Shoes On, which was lauded as one of the best of the year by Variety and Screen International.

João Canijo
João Canijo (10 December 1957 – 29 January 2026) was a Portuguese film director. His film Get a Life was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. His 2011 film Blood of My Blood was selected as the Portuguese entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist.

His 2023 film Bad Living won the Silver Bear Jury Prize at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival.

Before his directorial debut, Canijo worked as assistant director for Wim Wenders in The State of Things (1982) and for Werner Schroeter in The Rose King (1986).

Canijo died on 29 January 2026, at the age of 68.
LGBTQ stereotypes
LGBTQ stereotypes are stereotypes about lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people based on their sexual orientations, gender identities, or gender expressions. Stereotypical perceptions may be acquired through interactions with parents, teachers, peers and mass media, or, more generally, through a lack of firsthand familiarity, resulting in an increased reliance on generalizations.

Negative stereotypes are often associated with homophobia, lesbophobia, gayphobia, biphobia, or transphobia. Positive stereotypes, or counterstereotypes, also exist.

Gay men
Gay men are male homosexuals. Historic terminology for gay men has included inverts and uranians.

Gay men continue to face significant discrimination in large parts of the world, particularly in parts of Asia and Africa. In the Western world, many gay men still experience discrimination in their daily lives, though some openly gay men have reached national success and prominence, including Apple CEO Tim Cook and heads of state or government such as Edgars Rinkēvičs (president of Latvia since 2023).

The word gay is recommended by LGBTQ groups and style guides to describe all people exclusively attracted to members of the same sex, while lesbian refers specifically to female homosexuals, and gay men to male homosexuals.
Zaria
Zaria Listenⓘ (formerly Zazzau) is a metropolitan city in Nigeria, located within four local government areas in Kaduna State. It serves as the capital of the Zazzau Emirate Council and is one of the original seven Hausa city-states. The local government areas comprising Zaria are Zaria, Sabon Gari, Giwa, and Soba local government areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria.

It contains Nigeria's largest university, Ahmadu Bello University, and various tertiary institutions including the Federal College of Education (FCE Zaria), Nigerian College of Aviation Technology, Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology and Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic.  Department of Agriculture Ahmed Bello University Zaria. Ameer Shehu Idris College of Advanced Diploma.

From the 2006 population census, Zaria was estimated to have 736,000 people. It is home to the Emir of Zazzau.

Hausa Kingdoms
Hausa Kingdoms (Masarautun Hausa), also known as Hausaland (Kasar Hausa), was a collection of states ruled by the Hausa people, before the Fulani jihads. It was situated between the Niger River and Lake Chad (modern day northern Nigeria). Hausaland lay between the Western Sudanic empires of Ancient Ghana, Mali and Songhai and the Eastern Sudanic empire of Kanem-Bornu.

Hausa oral traditions detail the Bayajidda legend, which describes the adventures of the Baghdadi hero, Bayajidda, culminating in the killing of the snake in a well at Daura and his marriage to the local queen Magajiya Daurama. According to the legend, Bayajidda's descendants founded the Hausa Bakwai (seven "true" states), as well as the Hausa Banza ("bastard" or "illegitimate" states).
Free neutron decay
A free neutron refers to a neutron that is not bound to an atomic nucleus. When embedded in a stable nuclide, neutrons have not been observed to decay. Free neutrons decay with a mean lifetime of 878.4±0.5 s (nearly 15 minutes).

The free neutron decays via the weak interaction and may be called the simplest example of beta decay. The decay results in the stable resultant products of a proton, electron and an electron antineutrino.  This is expressed as a decay equation:

The decay parameters of such a common baryon are of significance across multiple areas of physics, in particular particle physics and cosmology.

Highly precise quantitative measurements of the free neutron mean lifetime by two different methods vary by more than the errors in the measurement techniques. This issue has been called the neutron lifetime puzzle.

Electron neutrino
The electron neutrino (νe) is an elementary particle which has zero electric charge and a spin of 1⁄2. Together with the electron, it forms the first generation of leptons, hence the name electron neutrino. It was first hypothesized by Wolfgang Pauli in 1930, to account for missing momentum and missing energy in beta decay, and was discovered in 1956 by a team led by Clyde Cowan and Frederick Reines (see Cowan–Reines neutrino experiment).
Nationalist Republican Left Party
The Nationalist Republican Left Party (Catalan: Partit Nacionalista Republicà d'Esquerra, PNRE) was a Catalan political party founded in October 1933 as a result of a schism from the Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC). The party quickly rebuilt bridges with the ERC and entered the ERC-led government in 1934, as a result of which a number of prominent leaders were arrested and imprisoned following the events of 6th October 1934. The PNRE was ultimately reabsorbed into the ERC in February 1936.

Members of the party were known colloquially as lluhins (from the surname of party leader, Joan Lluhí), or panarres (a humorous adaptation of the initials of the party).

Joan Lluhí
Joan Lluhí i Vallescà (Spanish: Juan Lluhí Vallescá; 12 October 1897 – 21 August 1944) was a Spanish lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC), later leading the breakaway Nationalist Republican Left Party (PNRE), before rejoining the ERC to serve in the Second Spanish Republic as Minister of Labor, Health and Social Assurance.
History of the Jews in Udmurtia and Tatarstan
The Udmurt and Tatar Jews are a special ethnocultural group of Ashkenazi Jews, which originally formed in the areas of the mixed Turkic-speaking (Volga Tatars, Kryashens, Bashkirs, Anatris), Finno-Ugric-speaking (Udmurts, Eastern Maris), and Slavic-speaking (Russians) population. From 1807, Jewish people also began to reside in the industrial and administrative centers of Sarapulsky Uezd (predominantly in Izhevsk, Votkinsk, Sarapul). Until this time the Jews in this region lived only in Kazan (from the 18th century). The occurrence of Jewish communities in the region was made possible only after the decree of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia on August 26, 1827, on the introduction of conscription for the Jews (see Cantonists).

The Ashkenazi Jews first appeared on the territory of the Udmurt Republic in the 1830s. They began to live on the territory of Tatarstan in the same period of time.

Udmurts
The Udmurts (Udmurt: Удмуртъёс, Udmurtjos) are a Permian (Finno-Ugric) ethnic group in Eastern Europe, who speak the Udmurt language. They mainly live in the republic of Udmurtia in Russia. They form 24.1% of Udmurtia's population.