hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hamburg mark
The Hamburg Mark refers to two distinct currencies issued in the city of Hamburg until 1875:

The Hamburg Mark Banco, a bank money and an accounting unit, and

The Hamburg Mark Courant, an actual coin.

Each mark is divided into 16 schilling, each of 12 pfennig. Three marks were equal to a Reichsthaler, Germany's main unit of currency which the Hamburger Bank (Bank of Hamburg) defined and maintained until 1875.

Demand deposit
Demand deposits or checkbook money are funds held in demand accounts in commercial banks. These account balances are usually considered money and form the greater part of the narrowly defined money supply of a country. Simply put, these are deposits in the bank that can be withdrawn on demand, without any prior notice.
Sh 2-5
Sh 2-5 is an emission nebula in the constellation Scorpius. It is part of the Sharpless Catalog assembled by Stewart Sharpless. It is contained within the much larger War and Peace Nebula, listed in the Sharpless catalog as Sh 2-11, and Sh 2-5 itself contains NGC 6337.

Like the nearby Sh 2-4, Sh 2-5 is probably ionized by the nearby star cluster Havlen-Moffat 1. However, it is also possible that ionization may be caused by nearer stars in the Sagittarius Arm.

NGC 6357
NGC 6357 is a diffuse nebula near NGC 6334 in the constellation Scorpius.  The nebula contains many proto-stars shielded by dark discs of gas, and young stars wrapped in expanding "cocoons" or expanding gases surrounding these small stars. It is also known as the Lobster Nebula. This nebula was given the name War and Peace Nebula by the Midcourse Space Experiment scientists because of its appearance, which, in infrared images the bright, western part resembles a dove, while the eastern part looks like a skull. A petition by anime fans to rename it as the Madokami nebula, due to resemblance with a character, was unsuccessful.

It is located about 5,500 light years away from Earth. NGC 6357 is connected by a filamentary structure to NGC 6334, and the two may form a single complex.
John Bailey Freeman
John Bailey Freeman (August 22, 1835 – November 22, 1890) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Norfolk North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1879 to 1890 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Windham Township, Norfolk County, Upper Canada in 1835, the son of Daniel Wesley Freeman and the grandson of the Reverend Daniel Freeman, one of the first settlers in the county. In 1861, he married Jane, the daughter of Thomas Scatcherd. Freeman served on the township council and was president of the county agricultural society. He served as government whip in the assembly.

Freeman Township in the Muskoka District was named after him.

Norfolk County, Ontario
Norfolk County (/ˈnɔːrfoʊk/ NOR-fohk) is a rural single-tier municipality on the north shore of Lake Erie in Southwestern Ontario, Canada with a 2023 population of 73,015. Despite its name, it is no longer a county by definition, as all municipal services are handled by a single level of government. The largest community in Norfolk County is Simcoe, whose 2021 population was 16,121. The other population centres are Port Dover, Delhi, Waterford and Port Rowan, and there are many smaller communities. For several years in the late 20th century, the county was merged with Haldimand County but the merged entity was dissolved in 2000.
Detalik cavally
Detalik cavally is a species of jumping spider in the genus Detalik, It is endemic to Ivory Coast and named after the forest in the Cavally Region of that country. The spider is small, with a cephalothorax that is typically 1.4 mm (0.06 in) long and an abdomen typically 1.6 mm (0.06 in). The spider has a blackish eye field, brown carapace, greyish-beige abdomen and brown legs. There is a vague marking of chevrons at the back of its abdomen and its chelicerae have a large tooth to the back and two small teeth to the front. The female has distinctive copulatory organs with two depressions divided by a ridge in the middle of its epigyne and enlarged spermathecae, or receptacles. The male has not been described. It was first described in 2022 by Wanda Wesołowska and Anthony Russell-Smith.

Chelicerae
The chelicerae (/kəˈlɪsəriː/) are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and  sea spiders.  Commonly referred to as "jaws", chelicerae may be shaped as either articulated fangs, or as a type of pincers. Some chelicerae, such as those found on nearly all spiders, are hollow and contain (or are connected to) venom glands, used to inject venom into prey or a perceived threat. Both pseudoscorpions and  harvestmen — neither of which have that venom channel — have additional structures on their chelicerae that are used for grooming (papillae in pseudoscorpions, cheliceral teeth in Opiliones). In many spider species, males and females have sexually dimorphic chelicerae.
Diocese of Yoro
The (Roman Catholic) Diocese of Yoro (Latin: Dioecesis Yorensis) covers the department Yoro in Honduras. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of San Pedro Sula.

The diocese was erected on 19 September 2005 with territory taken from the archdiocese of Tegucigalpa and was a suffragan of that archdiocese until the erection of the metropolitan province of San Pedro Sula in 2023. Jean-Louis Giasson, P.M.E. was appointed as the first bishop of the diocese. The Cathedral in the city of El Progreso, Yoro.

Yoro
Yoro, with a population of 101,849 (2022 calculation), is the capital city of the Yoro Department of Honduras and the municipal seat of Yoro Municipality. It is notable for a local event known as Lluvia de Peces, where it is claimed that strong storms make fish fall from the sky.
Glencoe I
Glencoe (1831–1857) was a British bred Thoroughbred racehorse, who won the 2,000 Guineas Stakes and the Ascot Gold Cup. He was one of the earliest Thoroughbred stallions imported into the United States and was a top broodmare sire there. Several outstanding sons of Lexington were out of Glencoe mares, including Asteroid,  Kentucky and Norfolk.

Ascot Gold Cup
51°24′43.8″N 0°40′45.3″W﻿ / ﻿51.412167°N 0.679250°W﻿ / 51.412167; -0.679250

The Gold Cup is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 2 miles 3 furlongs and 210 yards (4,014 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in June.

It is Britain's most prestigious event for "stayers" – horses which specialise in racing over long distances. It is traditionally held on the third day of the Royal Ascot meeting, which is known colloquially (but not officially) as Ladies' Day. Contrary to popular belief, the actual title of the race does not include the word "Ascot".
Counter-terrorism in Malaysia
Counter-terrorism in Malaysia is a series of measures implemented in Malaysia to detect and prevent terrorism as well as to minimise damages from such terrorist acts should they occur. These measures involve all levels of security services including military, police, border and infrastructure security, civil defence, medical readiness and psychological preparedness. Malaysia also participates actively in international counter-terrorism efforts. The Internal Security Act 1960 (ISA) was the first major anti-terrorism legislation in Malaysia. In 2012, it was replaced by Security Offences (Special Measures) Act 2012 (SOSMA).

Internal Security Act 1960
The Internal Security Act 1960 (Malay: Akta Keselamatan Dalam Negeri 1960, abbreviated ISA) was a preventive detention law in force in Malaysia.  The legislation was enacted after the Federation of Malaya gained independence from Britain in 1957.  The ISA allows for detention without trial or criminal charges under limited, legally defined circumstances.  On 15 September 2011, the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Najib Razak said that this legislation will be repealed and replaced by two new laws. The ISA was replaced and repealed by the Security Offences (Special Measures) Act 2012 which has been passed by Parliament and given the royal assent on 18 June 2012. The Act came into force on 31 July 2012.
Olivia Cowan
Olivia Cowan (born 9 April 1996) is a German professional golfer and member of the Ladies European Tour. She won the 2022 Hero Women's Indian Open and captained the winning team at the 2021 at the Aramco Team Series – London.

PIF Global Series
The PIF Global Series, formerly known as the Aramco Team Series, is a professional women's golf competition that is part of the Ladies European Tour (LET), first played in 2020.

The inaugural tournament was played as the Saudi Ladies Team International at Royal Greens Golf & Country Club in King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC) by the Red Sea in Saudi Arabia. It was the penultimate LET event of the 2020 season and followed the Aramco Saudi Ladies International.

2021 saw the competition expanded to become the Aramco Team Series, with four tournaments to be held in the United Kingdom, the United States, Spain and Saudi Arabia, each with a US$1 million prize fund.
Fregat
Fregat (Russian: Фрегат, lit. 'frigate') is an upper stage developed by NPO Lavochkin for universal compatibility with a wide range of medium- and heavy-lift launch vehicles. Fregat has been used primarily with Soyuz and on a few occasions with Zenit rockets, and entered operational service in February 2000.

Fregat uses a liquid-propellant engine burning unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel and dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) oxidizer, a pair of hypergolic propellants that ignite on contact. With a success rate of 97.3%, including two failures and one partial failure, Fregat is among the most reliable upper stages in operation. It has deployed more than 300 payloads into a variety of orbits and is capable of placing three or more spacecraft into distinct orbits during a single mission, owing to its ability to restart up to seven times and operate for a total burn duration of up to 1,350 seconds.

Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (abbreviated as UDMH; also known as 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, heptyl or Geptil) is a chemical compound with the formula H2NN(CH3)2 that is primarily used as a rocket propellant. At room temperature, UDMH is a colorless liquid, with a sharp, fishy, ammonia-like smell typical of organic amines. Samples turn yellowish on exposure to air and absorb oxygen and carbon dioxide. It is miscible with water, ethanol, and kerosene. At concentrations between 2.5% and 95% in air, its vapors are flammable. It is not sensitive to shock.

Symmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,2-dimethylhydrazine) also exists, but it is not as useful. UDMH can be oxidized in air to form many different substances, including toxic ones.
Alvah Meyer
Alvah T. Meyer (July 18, 1888 – December 19, 1939) was an American sprint runner. He was a Jewish member of the Irish American Athletic Club, which also included Abel Kiviat and Myer Prinstein.

He was born in New York City on July 18, 1888. Showing great promise prior to the 1912 Olympics, he won the AAU indoor 60y in 1911 and the 220 y outdoor in 1912.

Myer Prinstein
Myer Prinstein (born Mejer Prinsztejn, December 22, 1878 – March 10, 1925) was a Poland-born American track and field athlete who held the world record for the long jump in 1900 and won four gold medals in three Olympic Games for the long jump and triple jump. He was a member of the Irish American Athletic Club in Queens, New York. A 1902 law graduate and track team captain for Syracuse University, after college he became a New York real estate lawyer and businessman while living in Jamaica Plains, Queens. To date, he is the only Olympic track athlete to win both the triple and long jump in the same Olympics, earning the distinction in St. Louis in 1904.
The Tooth Fairy (novel)
The Tooth Fairy is a fantasy and horror novel by English writer Graham Joyce. It was first published in the United Kingdom in paperback in 1996 by Signet Books, and in hardcover in the United States in 1998 by Tor Books. It is about Sam and his friends growing up in Coventry, England in the 1960s, and a mischievous fairy who torments Sam.

The Tooth Fairy was generally well received by critics, and won the 1997 British Fantasy Society August Derleth Award for Best Novel. It was also nominated for the 1998 International Horror Guild Award for Best Novel, and was placed third in the 1999 Locus Award for Best Dark Fantasy/Horror Novel.

The book was translated into French by Michel Pagel as L'intercepteur de cauchemars  and published by Presses Pocket in November 1998. Another French translation, also by Pagel as La fée des dents  was published by Bragelonne in March 2008. L'intercepteur de cauchemars won the Grand prix de l'Imaginaire: Traduction in 2000.

New American Library
The New American Library (also known as NAL) is an American publisher based in New York, founded in 1948. Its initial focus was affordable paperback reprints of classics and scholarly works as well as popular and pulp fiction, but it now publishes trade and hardcover titles. It is currently an imprint of Penguin Random House; it was announced in 2015 that the imprint would publish only nonfiction titles.
Johann Friedrich von Recke
Johann Friedrich von Recke (1 August 1764 – 13 September 1846) was a senior public official in the Baltic Germans Duchy of Courland.   He is remembered now, primarily, for his activities as an antiquarian and collector.

Following his withdrawal from government service he became the co-compiler of the General Writers and Scholars Lexicon of the Provinces of Latvia, Estonia and Courland (Allgemeine Schriftsteller- und Gelehrten-Lexikon der Provinzen Livland, Esthland und Kurland).

Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia was a duchy in the Baltic region, then known as Livonia, that existed from 1561 to 1569 as a nominal vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and subsequently made part of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom from 1569 to 1726 and incorporated into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1726. On October 24, 1795, it was annexed by the Russian Empire in the Third Partition of Poland.
Chris Auty
Chris Auty (born 1957) is a British film executive, journalist and producer. Outlets for his early journalism included Time Out, Sight and Sound, and The Hollywood Reporter, and his producing/executive producing credits include Stealing Beauty, Blood and Wine, Crash, My Summer of Love, In This World, Bright Young Things and The Proposition. Among noted directors with whom Auty has worked are Bernardo Bertolucci, Michael Winterbottom, Pawel Pawlikowski and David Cronenberg, and he is a former board member of the UK Film Council and the European Film Academy.

From 2012, Auty served as Head of Producing at the National Film and Television School (NFTS), where he started the Creative Business for Entrepreneurs and Executives (CBEE) MA course that aims to equip students with the skills to start their own creative businesses of the future. In September 2023, it was announced that Auty would be taking up a new appointment as director of the London Film School, starting in November 2023.

Blood and Wine
Blood and Wine is a 1997 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Bob Rafelson and starring Jack Nicholson, Stephen Dorff, Jennifer Lopez, Judy Davis, and Michael Caine. The screenplay was written by Nick Villiers and Alison Cross. Rafelson has stated that the film forms the final part of his unofficial trilogy with Nicholson, with whom he made Five Easy Pieces and The King of Marvin Gardens in the 1970s.
1cP-LSD
1cP-LSD, or 1-CPA-LSD, also known as 1-cyclopropanoyl-LSD or as Curie, is a psychedelic drug of the lysergamide family and an acylated derivative of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) which has been sold as a designer drug. It is a prodrug of LSD.

Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME).

Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a drug itself is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target.  This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects.
Nancy Dembowski
Nancy Jo Dembowski (née Clabaugh; August 14, 1934 – September 15, 2025) was an American Democratic politician who served as a member of the Indiana House of Representatives, representing the 17th District from 2007 to 2013. Her district included Starke County, most of Marshall County and three precincts in LaPorte County.

Indiana House of Representatives
The Indiana House of Representatives is the lower house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The House is composed of 100 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. House members serve two-year terms without term limits. According to the 2010 U.S. census, each State House district contains an average of 64,838 people.

The House convenes at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis.
Daniel Mullings
Daniel Walden-Mullings (born July 26, 1991) is a Canadian basketball player for the Scarborough Shooting Stars of the Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL). He played college basketball for New Mexico State.

Scarborough Shooting Stars
The Scarborough Shooting Stars are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. They compete in the Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL) and play their home games at the Toronto Pan Am Sports Centre in the eastern district of Scarborough. Founded in 2021, the Shooting Stars are the first professional sports team to be based in Scarborough.
Pals of the Pecos
Pals of the Pecos is a 1941 American Western film directed by Lester Orlebeck and starring  Robert Livingston, Bob Steele and Rufe Davis. It was part of the "Three Mesquiteers" B-movie series released by Republic Pictures.

Robert Livingston (actor)
Robert Edward Randall (December 9, 1904 – March 7, 1988) was an American film actor known under his stage name, Robert Livingston. He appeared in 136 films between 1921 and 1975. He was one of the original Three Mesquiteers. He also played The Lone Ranger and Zorro.
Two of a Kind (Hong Kong TV series)
Two of a Kind (Chinese: 淘氣雙子星; Jyutping: tou4 hei3 soeng1 zi2 sing1; literally "Naughty Gemini") is a 1989 Hong Kong modern teen television drama created and produced by TVB, starring  Hacken Lee, Paul Wong, Yu Sin Man, Cutie Mui, Steve Wong, Aaron Kwok, Paul Chun, Kiki Sheung as the main cast and was produced by popular TVB producer Mui Siu-ching. First original broadcast began on Hong Kong's Jade channel July 10 till July 21, 1989 every Monday through Friday during its 7:35 to 8:35 pm timeslot with a total of 10 episodes.

Wong Ka Keung
Steve Wong Ka Keung (Chinese: 黃家強; born 13 November 1964) is a Hong Kong musician, singer, songwriter, and the bassist for the rock band Beyond. He is also the younger brother of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Wong Ka Kui, who died in 1993.
Firidun bey Kocharli
Firidun bey Ahmad bey oglu Kocharli or Kocharlinski (Azerbaijani: Firidun bəy Köçərli; Russian: Фиридун-бек Кочарлинский or Кочарли) (26 January 1863, in Shusha – 1920, in Ganja) was a prominent Azerbaijani writer, philologist, and literary critic.

Ganja, Azerbaijan
Ganja (/ˈɡændʒə/; Azerbaijani: Gəncə [ɟænˈdʒæ] ⓘ) is Azerbaijan's second largest city, with a population of around 335,600. The city has been a historic and cultural center throughout most of its existence. It was the capital of the Ganja Khanate until 1804; after Qajar Iran ceded it to the Russian Empire following the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813, it became part of the administrative divisions of the Georgia Governorate, Georgia-Imeretia Governorate, Tiflis Governorate, and Elizavetpol Governorate. Following the dissolution of the Russian Empire and the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, it became a part of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, followed by the Azerbaijan SSR, and, since 1991, the Republic of Azerbaijan.
HD 86081 b
HD 86081 b or Santamasa, meaning 'clouded' in Sanskrit, is a gas giant exoplanet that orbits close to its host star HD 86081 or Bibha, completing its orbit in only 2.1375 days. With such a short orbit it belongs to the class of exoplanets known as hot Jupiters. Like most Hot Jupiters, the orbit is nearly circular, with an eccentricity of 0.008.

Hot Jupiter
Hot Jupiters (sometimes called hot Saturns) are a class of gas giant exoplanets that are inferred to be physically similar to Jupiter (i.e. Jupiter analogues) but that have very short orbital periods (P < 10 days). The close proximity to their stars and high surface-atmosphere temperatures resulted in their informal name "hot Jupiters".

Hot Jupiters are the easiest extrasolar planets to detect via the radial-velocity method, because the oscillations they induce in their parent stars' motion are relatively large and rapid compared to those of other known types of planets. One of the best-known hot Jupiters is 51 Pegasi b. Discovered in 1995, it was the first extrasolar planet found orbiting a Sun-like star. 51 Pegasi b has an orbital period of about four days.
Cognitive linguistics
Cognitive linguistics is an interdisciplinary branch of linguistics, combining knowledge and research from cognitive science, cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and linguistics. Models and theoretical accounts of cognitive linguistics are considered as psychologically real, and research in cognitive linguistics aims to help understand cognition in general and is seen as a road into the human mind.

There has been scientific and terminological controversy around the label "cognitive linguistics"; there is no consensus on what specifically is meant with the term.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
The Island F.C.
The Island F.C. is an American professional soccer club based in Uniondale, New York. Majority-owned by Mitchell Rechler, the club plans to commence play in MLS Next Pro, a men's Division 3 league in the United States league system, in the 2027 season. It also plans to field a professional women's team in the future. It will play its home games at a new, soccer-specific stadium to be built at the Mitchel Athletic Complex.

MLS Next Pro
MLS Next Pro (MLSNP) is a men's professional soccer league in the United States and Canada that is affiliated with Major League Soccer (MLS). It launched in 2022 with 21 teams and now comprises 27 reserve sides of MLS clubs and two independent clubs (Carolina Core FC and Chattanooga FC). MLS Next Pro is classified as part of the third tier of the United States soccer league system.

As of the 2025 season, 27 of the 30 MLS teams held affiliations with an MLS Next Pro team, with only the CF Montréal, D.C. United, and San Diego FC having no such franchise affiliation.