hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Sitkoh Bay
USS Sitkoh Bay (CVE-86) was the thirty-second of fifty Casablanca-class escort carriers built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was named after Sitkoh Bay, located within Chichagof Island, of the Territory of Alaska. The ship was launched in February 1944, commissioned in March, and served as a replenishment and transport carrier throughout the Philippines campaign, the Invasion of Iwo Jima and the Battle of Okinawa. She was decommissioned in November 1946, when she was mothballed in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. With the outbreak of the Korean War, however, she was called back to service, continuing to serve as a transport and utility carrier with the Military Sealift Command until 1954, when she was once again decommissioned, and mothballed in the Pacific Reserve Fleet. Ultimately, she was broken up in January 1961.

United States Navy reserve fleets
The United States Navy maintains a number of its ships as part of a reserve fleet, often called the "Mothball Fleet". While the details of the maintenance activity have changed several times, the basics are constant: keep the ships afloat and sufficiently working as to be reactivated quickly in an emergency.

In some cases (for instance, at the outset of the Korean War), many ships were successfully reactivated at a considerable savings in time and money. The usual fate of ships in the reserve fleet, though, is to become too old and obsolete to be of any use, at which point they are sold for scrapping or are scuttled in weapons tests.

In rare cases, the general public may intercede for ships from the reserve fleet that are about to be scrapped – usually asking for the Navy to donate them for use as museum ships, memorials, or artificial reefs.
Pärnu JK
Pärnu Jalgpalliklubi, commonly known as PJK, or simply as Pärnu, was a women's football team based in Pärnu, Estonia. Having won a record 13 Naiste Meistriliiga titles, 6 Estonian Women's Cups and 7 Estonian Women's Supercups, the team stepped down from women's football in 2019. The club's home ground was Pärnu Rannastaadion.

The club announced their dissolvement at the end of December 2019 and played their last game on 12 January 2020.

The club's men's team currently plays in the third division Esiliiga B.

Estonian Women's Supercup
The Estonian Women's Supercup (Estonian: Eesti Naiste Superkarikas) is Estonian football's annual match contested between the champions of the previous Naiste Meistriliiga season and the holders of the Estonian Women's Cup. If the Naiste Meistriliiga champions also won the Estonian Cup then the cup runners-up provide the opposition.

The current supercup holders are Flora Tallinn.
Mann–Whitney U test
The Mann–Whitney  test (also called the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon (MWW/MWU), Wilcoxon rank-sum test, or Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test) is a nonparametric statistical test of the null hypothesis that randomly selected values X and Y from two populations have the same distribution.

Nonparametric tests used on two dependent samples are the sign test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Statistical hypothesis test
A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic. Then a decision is made, either by comparing the test statistic to a critical value or equivalently by evaluating a p-value computed from the test statistic. Roughly 100 specialized statistical tests are in use and noteworthy.
Holmegård (manor house)
Holmegaard is a manor house and estate situated close to Fensmark, Næstved Municipality, some 60 km south of Copenhagen, Denmark. The three-winged, half-timbered main building was constructed for Claus Oludsen Daa in 1635. The estate was acquired by Christian Conrad Danneskiold-Samsøe in 1801 and has remained in the hands of his descendants since then. Holmegaard Glass Factory was established by his widow Henriette Danneskiold-Samsøe in 1825. The main building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1918. The estate covers 1,724 hectares of land (including Juellinge and Tryggevælde).

Juellinge
Juellinge, prior to 1672 known as Valbygaard, is a manor house located on the Stevns Peninsula, Stevns Municipality, some 50 kilometres south of Copenhagen, Denmark. The Baroque-style main building and two buildings from the beginning of the 19th century have been listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places by the Danish Heritage Agency.
Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites"
The Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites" (or "Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites"; Russian: Процесс антисоветского «право-троцкистского блока»), also known as the Trial of the Twenty-One, was the last of the three public Moscow trials charging prominent Bolsheviks with espionage and treason. The Trial of the Twenty-One took place in Moscow in March 1938, towards the end of the Soviet Great Purge. The accused were tortured to extract confessions and publicly admitted their guilt during the show trial. Most of the accused, including Nikolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov and Genrikh Yagoda, were convicted, and sentenced to death. All charges are considered fabricated except those against NKVD chief Genrikh Yagoda of poisoning Valerian Kuybyshev, Vyacheslav Menzhinsky, and Maxim Gorky; Yagoda might indeed have conducted the poisoning with the assistance of "Kremlin's doctors" Pletnyov and Lev Levin, but they did it on the orders from Stalin himself.

Lev Levin
Lev Grigorevich Levin (Russian: Лев Григорьевич Левин), real name Usher Gershevich Leib Levin (Russian: Ушер-Лейб Гершевич Левин); 1870, Odessa —  March 15, 1938, Moscow) was a physician, the doctor of medical sciences, professor, consultant medical and sanitary control of the Kremlin.
Regressive tax
A regressive tax is a tax imposed in such a manner that the tax rate decreases as the amount subject to taxation increases. "Regressive" describes a distribution effect on income or expenditure, referring to the way the rate progresses from high to low, so that the average tax rate exceeds the marginal tax rate.

The regressivity of a particular tax can also factor the propensity of the taxpayers to engage in the taxed activity relative to their resources (the demographics of the tax base). In other words, if the activity being taxed is more likely to be carried out by the poor and less likely to be carried out by the rich, the tax may be considered regressive. To measure the effect, the income elasticity of the good being taxed as well as the income effect on consumption must be considered. The measure can be applied to individual taxes or to a tax system as a whole; a year, multi-year, or lifetime.

Income elasticity of demand
In economics, the income elasticity of demand (YED) is the responsivenesses of the quantity demanded for a good to a change in consumer income. It is measured as the ratio of the percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in income. For example, if in response to a 10% increase in income, quantity demanded for a good or service were to increase by 20%, the income elasticity of demand would be 20%/10% = 2.0.
Renault R30
The Renault R30 was a Formula One motor racing car designed and built by Renault for the 2010 season. The car was driven by Robert Kubica and rookie Vitaly Petrov. Test drivers were Ho-Pin Tung, Jérôme d'Ambrosio and Jan Charouz.

It was unveiled on January 31, 2010, at the Circuit Ricardo Tormo in Valencia.

Vitaly Petrov
Vitaly Aleksandrovich Petrov (Russian: Вита́лий Алекса́ндрович Петро́в, IPA: [vʲɪˈtalʲɪj ɐlʲɪkˈsandrəvʲɪtɕ pʲɪˈtrof]; born 8 September 1984) is a Russian racing driver, who currently competes in the 2025 Middle East Trophy for SMP Racing, He previously competed in Formula One from 2010 to 2012.

Born and raised in Vyborg, Petrov began his career in rallying, skipping competitive kart racing altogether. Petrov competed for Renault and Caterham in Formula One, becoming the first Russian driver to compete in Formula One at the 2010 Bahrain Grand Prix.  Widely known as the "Vyborg Rocket" in Russia, Petrov scored his only podium finish at the 2011 Australian Grand Prix.
Honda Z100
Honda Z100 was a prototype Honda Motor Company minibike which was introduced at the Tama Tech amusement Park in Tokyo, Japan in 1961. The Z100 minibike was never meant to be produced and sold to consumers. The success of the Z100 prototype convinced Honda to produce and sell the minibike to consumers.

Minibike
A minibike is a two-wheeled, motorized, off-highway recreational vehicle popularized in the 1960s and 1970s, but available continuously from a wide variety of manufacturers since 1959. Their off-highway nature and (in many countries) typically entirely off-road legal status differentiate minibikes from motorcycles and mopeds, and their miniature size differentiates them from dirt bikes.

Traditionally, minibikes have a four-stroke, horizontal crankshaft engine, single- or two-speed centrifugal clutch transmissions with chain final-drive, 100 or 150 mm (4 or 6 in) wheels and a low frame/seat height with elevated handlebars. Commercially available minibikes are usually equipped with small engines commonly found elsewhere on utilitarian equipment such as garden tillers.
Anne Orford
Anne Orford FASSA is a professor of law and an ARC Australian Laureate Fellow at the University of Melbourne.

Her main focus of research are in the areas of public international law, history and theory of international law and international economic law.

She was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia in 2016 and is a past President of the Australian and New Zealand Society of International Law, furthermore she holds the Redmond Barry Distinguished Professor title with which the University of Melbourne "recognises and rewards outstanding leaders within the University's professoriate".

She has been awarded honorary doctorates in law by the University of Gothenburg (2012), and the University of Helsinki (2017) and the Woodward Medal for Excellence in Humanities and Social Sciences by the University of Melbourne. She was awarded the Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship in 2015.

Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia
The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (ASSA) is an independent, non-governmental organisation devoted to the advancement of knowledge and research in the social sciences. It has its origins in the Social Science Research Council of Australia, founded in 1942.

The Academy was established in 1971 to recognise and champion excellence in the social sciences and to provide evidence-based advice on a range of social policy issues.

The Academy consists of an elected Fellowship of almost 700 distinguished Australian social science researchers and professionals who work together to:

Provide advice to governments on issues of national importance;

Promote understanding and awareness of the social sciences; and

Coordinate international cooperation and collaboration in the social sciences.
Bodowyr
Bodowyr Burial Chamber is a Neolithic burial chamber made of a few large stacked stones (also known as a dolmen or a passage grave) in a farmer's field on the north Wales island of Anglesey. It is located at Bodowyr Farm, 1.25 mi (2.0 km) east of Llangaffo, off the B4419 road.

Passage grave
A passage grave or passage tomb consists of one or more burial chambers covered in earth or stone and having a narrow access passage made of large stones. These structures usually date from the Neolithic Age and are found largely in Western Europe. When covered in earth, a passage grave is a type of burial mound which is found in various forms all over the world. When a passage grave is covered in stone, it is a type of cairn.
San Sebastián (district)
San Sebastián is the eleventh district of the San José canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica. An important residential district, San Sebastián is the third most populous and second most densely populated in the canton.

San José Province
San José (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ xoˈse]) is a province of Costa Rica. It is located in the central part of the country, and borders (clockwise beginning in the north) the provinces of Alajuela, Heredia, Limón, Cartago and Puntarenas. The provincial and national capital is San José. The province covers an area of 4,965.9 km². and has a population of 1,404,242.
Llanymynech railway station
Llanymynech railway station was an important junction station on the Cambrian Railways mainline from Welshpool, Powys to Oswestry, Shropshire, serving the village of Llanymynech which is partly situated in Shropshire, England and partly in Powys, Wales.

Cambrian Railways
The Cambrian Railways owned 230 miles (370 km) of track over a large area of mid Wales. The system was an amalgamation of a number of railways that were incorporated in 1864, 1865 and 1904. The Cambrian connected with two larger railways with connections to the northwest of England via the London and North Western Railway, and the Great Western Railway for connections between London and Wales. The Cambrian Railways amalgamated with the Great Western Railway on 1 January 1922 as a result of the Railways Act 1921. The name is continued today in the route known as the Cambrian Line.
William Tytler
William Tytler WS FRSE (1711–1792) was a Scottish lawyer, known as a historical writer. He wrote An Inquiry into the Evidence against Mary Queen of Scots, against the views of William Robertson. He discovered the manuscript the "Kingis Quhair" (King's Work), a poem of James I of Scotland. In 1783 he was one of the joint founders of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

Society of Writers to His Majesty's Signet
The Society of Writers to His Majesty's Signet is a private society of Scottish solicitors, dating back to 1594 and part of the College of Justice. Writers to the Signet originally had special privileges in relation to the drawing up of documents required to be signeted, but these have since disappeared and the society is now an independent, non-regulatory association of solicitors. The society maintains the Category A listed Signet Library, part of the Parliament House complex in Edinburgh, and members of the society are entitled to the postnominal letters WS.
Anthony Erdélyi
Anthony (I) Erdélyi de Somkerék (Hungarian: somkeréki Erdélyi (I.) Antal; died 1429 or 1430) was a Hungarian nobleman and loyal courtier of King Sigismund of Luxembourg. He was familiaris of Nicholas Garai, Palatine of Hungary. Initially known as Anthony of Somkerék (Hungarian: Somkeréki Antal), he was the founder of the distinguished Erdélyi de Somkerék noble family.

Palatine of Hungary
The Palatine of Hungary (Hungarian: nádor or nádorispán, German: Landespalatin, Latin: palatinus regni Hungariae) was the highest-ranking office in the Kingdom of Hungary from the beginning of the 11th century to 1848. Initially, Palatines were representatives of the monarchs, later (from 1723) the vice-regent (viceroy). In the early centuries of the kingdom, they were appointed by the king, and later (from 1608) were elected by the Diet of the Kingdom of Hungary. A Palatine's jurisdiction included only Hungary proper, in the Kingdom of Croatia until 1918 the ban held similar function as the highest office in the Kingdom (after the king himself), monarch's representative, commander of the royal army and viceroy (after the union of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia with Hungary in 1102).
Waitakere / Nile River
The Waitakere / Nile River is a river on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. It rises in the Paparoa Range and flows through a limestone karst landscape in a roughly northwest direction for its entire length, reaching the Tasman Sea just north of Charleston. The river and its surrounds are a popular tourist destination, particularly for a bush train along the river's canyon and caving through the nearby Metro / Te Ananui Caves. The lower reaches of the river are also a popular fishing spot, particularly for brown trout.

Caving in New Zealand
Caving in New Zealand is an established hobby as well as being a part of commercial tourism.

Recreational caving is practised by several hundred members of caving associations all over New Zealand, who take advantage of the widespread limestone karst cave systems present in the country, especially in the Waitomo District of the North Island and in the Nelson-Tasman region of the South Island. There are also several hundred thousands of visitors to various tourist caves in New Zealand per year, though a majority of these trips would not properly be called caving.
Action of 10 May 1915
The action of 10 May 1915, or Battle of the Bosporus, was a naval encounter between the Russian pre-dreadnought squadron and the Ottoman battlecruiser Yavuz Sultan Selim  in the Black Sea, north of the Bosporus. After a brief exchange of fire the Ottomans withdrew. The battle took place during the main operation of the Black Sea Fleet aimed at shelling the Bosporus fortifications. The action of the battlecruiser led to the interruption of the operation, but it did not manage to inflict significant damage to the Russian fleet, suffering only minor damage itself.

Bosporus
The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Turkey which is straddled by the city of  Istanbul. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental boundaries between Asia and Europe. It also divides Turkey by separating Asia Minor from Thrace. It is the world's narrowest strait used for international navigation.

Most of the shores of the Bosporus Strait, except for the area to the north, are heavily settled, with the city of Istanbul's metropolitan population of 17 million inhabitants extending inland from both banks.

The Bosporus Strait and the Dardanelles Strait at the opposite end of the Sea of Marmara are together known as the Turkish Straits.

Sections of the shore of the Bosporus in Istanbul have been reinforced with concrete or rubble and those sections of the strait prone to deposition are periodically dredged.
Proud (Heather Small song)
"Proud" is the debut solo single by M People singer Heather Small, released on 8 May 2000. It was co-written with and produced by Peter-John Vettese, and is the title track of her debut album Proud. The song peaked at number 16 on the UK Singles Chart.

M People
M People (stylised as MPeople) are an English dance music band that formed in 1990 and achieved success throughout most of the 1990s. The name M People is derived from the first letter of the first name of band member Mike Pickering, who formed the group. In December 2016, Billboard magazine ranked them as the 83rd most successful dance act of all time. As of 2021, M People have sold over 11 million records worldwide.
1956 in North Korea
Events from the year 1956 in North Korea. Andrei Lankov calls 1956 a turning point in North Korean history. It marked the 3rd Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) followed by two important plenums of the Central Committee of the WPK. The plenum in August became known as the August Faction Incident as Kim Il Sung's opponents unsuccessfully tried to oust him. It was followed by another plenum in September that saw Kim being pressured by China and the Soviet Union to tone down his political line. Kim, however, retaliated by beginning the purge of his party's Soviet faction that year.

August faction incident
The August faction incident (Korean: 8월 종파 사건), officially called the "Second Arduous March", was an attempted removal of Kim Il Sung from power by leading North Korean figures from the Soviet-Korean faction and the Yan'an faction, with support from the Soviet Union and China, at the 2nd Plenary Session of the 3rd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) in 1956. The attempt to remove Kim failed and the participants were arrested and later executed. Through this political struggle, Kim Il Sung quashed all opposition to him within the central party leadership.
Club Deportivo Los Chankas
The Club Deportivo Los Chankas, also known as Los Chankas is a Peruvian professional football club based in Andahuaylas. Founded in 1989, it owes its name to the ancient Chanka ethnic group. It participated in the Peruvian Segunda División until 2023, when it got promoted to the Primera División, becoming the first team from the department of Apurímac in history to do so.

Department of Apurímac
Apurímac (Spanish pronunciation: [apuˈɾimak])  is a department of Peru. Located in the southern-central part of the country, it is bordered on the east by Cuzco, on the west by Ayacucho, and on the south by the Arequipa and Ayacucho. It is administered by a regional government and its capital city is Abancay.
Impact Wrestling Against All Odds (2019)
The 2019 Against All Odds  was a professional wrestling television special produced by Impact Wrestling, which took place on February 17, 2019 at Sam's Town Casino in Sunrise Manor, Nevada. It was the ninth event under the Against All Odds chronology. Unlike the previous events, this event was a special episode of the weekly Impact television broadcast, airing on Pursuit Channel and Twitch on March 29.

Three professional wrestling matches were contested at the event. The main event featured Brian Cage taking on Killer Kross, which Cage lost after interference by Johnny Impact and Taya Valkyrie. On the undercard, Valkyrie retained the Knockouts Championship against Jordynne Grace by getting counted out and Scarlett Bordeaux defeated Glenn Gilbertti in an intergender match. The event featured the final appearance of Allie in Impact Wrestling.

TNA Impact!
TNA Impact!, also known as TNA Thursday Night Impact! or simply Impact! (stylized as iMPACT!), is an American professional wrestling television program produced by the American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) that debuted on June 4, 2004. It also features wrestlers from WWE's NXT brand due to the working relationship between the two companies.

The series currently airs every Thursday at 9 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) on AMC as well as streaming on AMC+ in the United States and TNA+ internationally, owned by its parent company Anthem Sports & Entertainment. It premiered on AMC on January 15, 2026.
Stefanie Dehnen
Stefanie Dehnen (born 31 May 1969) is a German chemist. She is the executive director of the Institute of Nanotechnology at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. From 2006 to 2022, she was a full professor for inorganic chemistry at the University of Marburg. She has received numerous awards for her research in inorganic chemistry. In 2024 and 2025, she will be the president of the German Chemical Society.

German Chemical Society
The German Chemical Society (German: Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, GDCh) is a learned society and professional association founded in 1949 to represent the interests of German chemists in local, national and international contexts. GDCh "brings together people working in chemistry and the molecular sciences and supports their striving for positive, sustainable scientific advance – for the good of humankind and the environment, and a future worth living for."
Saúl Coco
Saúl Basilio Coco-Bassey Oubiña (born 9 February 1999), better known as Saúl Coco, is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Serie A club Torino and the Equatorial Guinea national team. Born in Spain, he represents Equatorial Guinea at international level, debuting for the senior team in 2017.

Equatorial Guinea national football team
The Equatorial Guinea national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Guinea Ecuatorial) represents Equatorial Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Equatoguinean Football Federation, a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but has qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations on five occasions, the first two times as hosts (in 2012 and 2015). They finished in fourth place in 2015, and reached the quarter-finals in 2012 and 2021.