hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steven James Bartlett
Steven James Bartlett (born 1945) is an American philosopher and psychologist notable for his studies in epistemology and the theory of reflexivity, and for his work on the psychology of human aggression and destructiveness, and the shortcomings of psychological normality. His findings challenge the assumption that psychological normality should serve as a standard for good mental health. He is the author or editor of more than 20 books and research monographs as well as many papers published in professional journals in the fields of epistemology, psychology, mathematical logic, and philosophy of science.

Self-reference
Self-reference is a concept that involves referring to oneself or one's own attributes, characteristics, or actions. It can occur in language, logic, mathematics, philosophy, and other fields.

In natural or formal languages, self-reference occurs when a sentence, idea or formula refers to itself. The reference may be expressed either directly—through some intermediate sentence or formula—or by means of some encoding.

In philosophy, self-reference also refers to the ability of a subject to speak of or refer to itself, that is, to have the kind of thought expressed by the first person nominative singular pronoun "I" in English.

Self-reference is studied and has applications in mathematics, philosophy, computer programming, second-order cybernetics, and linguistics, as well as in humor. Self-referential statements are sometimes paradoxical, and can also be considered recursive.
John C. Fremont Branch Library, Los Angeles
John C. Fremont Branch Library is a branch library of the Los Angeles Public Library in Los Angeles, California. It is adjacent to the Hancock Park district. It was built in 1927 based on a Mediterranean Revival design by architect Merl L. Barker.

In 1987, the Fremont Branch and several other branch libraries in Los Angeles were added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of a thematic group submission.

The current facility began construction on December 26, 1926 and was completed in May 1927. The library opened on June 1, 1927. The library closed in 1990 because its masonry was not reinforced and the building was not in compliance with seismic safety codes. The library operated from a temporary location until February 1996. The library re-opened in its current location on March 26, 1996. The in-compliance library gained air conditioning, a meeting room, a small parking lot, wiring for computer and internet usage, and access for disabled persons.

Los Angeles Public Library
The Los Angeles Public Library (LAPL) is a public library system in Los Angeles, California, operating separate from the Los Angeles County Public Library system. The system holds more than six million volumes, and with around 19 million residents in the Greater Los Angeles area, it serves the largest metropolitan population of any public library system in the United States. The system is overseen by a Board of Library Commissioners with five members appointed by the mayor of Los Angeles in staggered terms, and operates 72 library branches throughout the city. In 1997 a local historian described it as "one of the biggest and best-regarded library systems in the nation."
Washington Air National Guard
The Washington Air National Guard (WA ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of Washington, United States. It is a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the Washington Army National Guard an element of the Washington National Guard and of the much larger United States National Guard Bureau.

As state militia units, the units in the Washington Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Washington through the office of the Washington Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States.  The Washington Air National Guard is headquartered at Camp Murray, Tacoma, and its commander is  Brigadier general Gent Welsh.

National Guard Bureau
The National Guard Bureau (NGB) is the federal agency responsible for the administration of the National Guard established by the United States Congress as a joint bureau of the Department of the Army and the Department of the Air Force. It was created by the Militia Act of 1903. The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008, elevated the National Guard to a joint function of the Department of Defense. The 2007 NDAA, from the previous year, elevated the chief of the National Guard Bureau from a lieutenant general to a four-star general.
Weeks manifold
In mathematics, the Weeks manifold, sometimes called the Fomenko–Matveev–Weeks manifold, is a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold obtained by (5, 2) and (5, 1) Dehn surgeries on the Whitehead link.  It has volume approximately equal to 0.942707… (OEIS: A126774) and David Gabai, Robert Meyerhoff, and Peter Milley (2009) showed that it has the smallest  volume of any closed orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold.  The manifold was independently discovered by Jeffrey Weeks (1985) as well as  Sergei V. Matveev and Anatoly T. Fomenko (1988).

Anatoly Fomenko
Anatoly Timofeevich Fomenko (Russian: Анато́лий Тимофе́евич Фоме́нко; born 13 March 1945 in Stalino, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian professor of Mathematics at Moscow State University. He is well-known as a topologist and member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He is a painter and illustrator of original artworks inspired by topological objects and structures.

Fomenko is also widely known as a conspiracy theorist. He originated a fictitious and pseudoscientific history called New Chronology, based on works of Russian-Soviet writer Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov.
Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 2000
Norway was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2000 with the song "My Heart Goes Boom", composed by Morten Henriksen, with lyrics by Tore Madsen, and performed by the group Charmed. The Norwegian participating broadcaster, Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK), organised the national final Melodi Grand Prix 2000 in order to select its entry for the contest. Ten entries competed in a show that took place on 4 March 2000 and the winner was determined over two rounds of voting from a five-member jury panel and a regional televote. The top four entries in the first round of voting advanced to the competition's second round—the superfinal. In the second round of voting, "My Heart Goes Boom" performed by Charmed was selected as the winner.

Norway competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 13 May 2000. Performing during the show in position 8, Norway placed eleventh out of the 24 participating countries, scoring 57 points.

Melodi Grand Prix
Melodi Grand Prix (Norwegian: [mɛlʊˈdiː ɡrɑŋ ˈpriː]), commonly known as Grand Prix and MGP, sometimes as Norsk Melodi Grand Prix, is an annual music competition organised by Norwegian public broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK). It determines its entry for the Eurovision Song Contest, and has been staged almost every year since 1960.

The festival has produced three Eurovision winners, a non-winning televote winner and nine top-five placings for Norway at the contest. However, Norway holds the record for the number of entries who have come last since entering Eurovision; 12 in all. Despite this, the competition still makes considerable impact on music charts in Norway and other Nordic countries, with the 2008 winner topping the Norwegian charts.
Erimo Seamount
Erimo Seamount (also known as Sisoev Seamount) is a seamount off Hokkaido, Japan. Located close to the intersection between the Kuril-Kamchatka and Japan Trenches, it is in the process of being subducted. The Cretaceous seamount formed 100-120 million years ago and is covered by a limestone cap. Tiltmeters have been installed on its top.

Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
The Kuril–Kamchatka Trench or Kuril Trench (Russian: Курило-Камчатский жёлоб, Kurilo-Kamchatskii Zhyolob) is an oceanic trench in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It lies off the southeast coast of Kamchatka and parallels the Kuril Island chain to meet the Japan Trench east of Hokkaido. It extends from a triple junction with the Ulakhan Fault and the Aleutian Trench near the Commander Islands, Russia, in the northeast, to the intersection with the Japan Trench in the southwest.

The trench formed as a result of the subduction zone, which formed in the late Cretaceous, that created the Kuril island arc as well as the Kamchatka volcanic arc.  The Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Okhotsk plate along the trench, resulting in intense volcanism.

The maximum depth of the trench is reported in peer-reviewed academic papers as 9,600 meters.
Cowcowing, Western Australia
Cowcowing is a small town located just off the Koorda–Wyalkatchem road 215 kilometres (134 mi) from Perth, 24 kilometres (15 mi) south of Koorda and 23 kilometres (14 mi) north of Wyalkatchem in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.

The town originated as a railway siding on the Wyalkatchem to Southern Cross railway line and was later gazetted as a townsite in 1919. The name of the town is Aboriginal in origin and was first recorded by explorers in 1854. The name of the nearby lake recorded as "Gow gow eeh lake" has now been changed to Cowcowing Lake; the meaning of the name remains unknown.

The town is a Cooperative Bulk Handling receival site.

On 2 October 2022, a helicopter accident occurred near Cowcowing Lake, killing two people.

Wyalkatchem, Western Australia
Wyalkatchem is a town in the central Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, 192 kilometres (119 mi) north-east of Perth, 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Dowerin and 44 kilometres (27 mi) south of Koorda. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 358.
Bears (The Bear)
"Bears" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the American comedy-drama television series The Bear. It is the 37th overall episode of the series and was written by Joanna Calo and directed by series creator Christopher Storer. It was released on Hulu on June 25, 2025, along with the rest of the season.

The series follows Carmen "Carmy" Berzatto (Jeremy Allen White), an award-winning New York City chef de cuisine, who returns to his hometown of Chicago to run his late brother Michael's failing Italian beef sandwich shop. With the financial backing of his uncle Jimmy (Oliver Platt) and help from his cousin Richie (Ebon Moss-Bachrach), sister Sugar (Abby Elliott), and chef Sydney (Ayo Edebiri), Carmy attempts to remodel the dingy Beef into warm and hospitable fine-dining destination called the Bear.

This episode is set at the wedding of Richie's ex-wife Tiff (Gillian Jacobs) to Frank (Josh Hartnett).

The Bear season 4
The fourth season of the American comedy-drama television series The Bear premiered with all 10 episodes on June 25, 2025, on FX on Hulu. Christopher Storer and Joanna Calo return as showrunners for the season. Jeremy Allen White reprises his role as Carmy Berzatto, an award-winning chef who returns to his hometown of Chicago to manage the chaotic kitchen at his deceased brother's sandwich shop.

Ebon Moss-Bachrach, Ayo Edebiri, Lionel Boyce, Liza Colón-Zayas, Abby Elliott, Matty Matheson, and Edwin Lee Gibson return from the previous season as the supporting cast. In March 2024, FX renewed The Bear for a fourth season, which began filming with the third season in February 2024, and was completed in early 2025. The season premiered to positive reviews from critics, though reception was more muted than prior seasons.
Tarring Neville
Tarring Neville is a village and civil parish in the Lewes district of East Sussex, England. The village is located five miles (8 km) south of Lewes, on the A26 road to Newhaven. The south west border of the parish runs along the River Ouse, the parish extending into the South Downs. In 1971 the parish had a population of 36.

Lewes District
Lewes is a local government district in East Sussex, England. The district is named after the town of Lewes. The largest town is Seaford, and the council is based in Newhaven. The district also includes the towns of Peacehaven and Telscombe and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The district lies on the south coast, and a large part of it lies within the South Downs National Park. The district covers an area of 113 sq mi (290 km2), with 9 miles (14.5 km) of coastline. Plumpton Racecourse is within the district. There are 28 parishes in the district.

The neighbouring districts are Brighton and Hove, Mid Sussex and Wealden.
North American fire hose coupler incompatibilities
Despite fire hose and hydrant coupler standardization efforts that date to 1873, 153 years ago, there remain significant areas in North America that use fire hose and hydrant threads and other couplings that are incompatible with those used by neighboring fire departments, which can cause issues during mutual aid scenarios.

Fire hydrant
A fire hydrant, fireplug, firecock (archaic), hydrant riser or Johnny Pump is a connection point by which firefighters can tap into a water supply. It is a component of active fire protection. Underground fire hydrants have been used in Europe and Asia since at least the 18th century. Above-ground pillar-type hydrants are a 19th-century invention.
Denizli Gondola
The Denizli Gondola (Turkish: Denizli Teleferik) is a two-station aerial lift line of gondola type in Denizli, Turkey. It is owned and operated by Denizli Metropolitan Municipality. It operates between Denizli and Bağbaşı Hill.

It was opened on 17 October 2015, with a ceremony attended by Nihat Zeybekci, then-Minister of the Economy and former Mayor of Denizli, and Yalçın Topçu, then-Minister of Culture and Tourism. The construction cost was 38 million TRY (approximately 13 million USD). It is the longest cable car line of the Aegean Region with a length of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).

Bağbaşı Hill, the upper station, has bungalow cabins to rent overnight, tents to stay in, play areas, activity park built in the forest trees with climbing and rope obstacles, shop huts, cafés and restaurants. The round-trip ticket for the ride costs ₺20.00.

Upper station

Lower station

Gondola

Interior of a gondola

View from the upper station

Aerial lift
An aerial lift, also known as a cable car or ropeway, is a means of cable transport in which cabins, cars, gondolas, or open chairs are hauled above the ground by means of one or more cables. Aerial lift systems are frequently employed in a mountainous territory where roads are relatively difficult to build and use, and have seen extensive use in mining. Aerial lift systems are relatively easy to move and have been used to cross rivers and ravines. In more recent times, the cost-effectiveness and flexibility of aerial lifts have seen an increase of gondola lift being integrated into urban public transport systems.
Cho So-hyun
Cho So-hyun (Korean: 조소현, Korean pronunciation: [tɕo.so.ɦjʌn]; born 24 June 1988) is a South Korean professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Northern Super League club Halifax Tides FC and the South Korea women's national team. She is widely regarded as one of South Korea's best players, and is their second most-capped international player with 156 appearances.  She has won multiple domestic league titles and was named Korean Women's Player of the Year in 2015.

South Korea women's national football team
The South Korea women's national football team (Korean: 대한민국 여자 축구 국가대표팀, recognised as Korea Republic by FIFA) represents South Korea in international women's football competitions. The South Korean women's team has qualified for four FIFA World Cups in 2003, 2015 (when they reached the round of 16), 2019 and 2023.
Noel Tata
Noel Naval Tata (born 1957) is an Indian businessman of Parsi descent. He is the chairman of the Tata Sons, Trent and Tata Investment Corporation, the managing director of Tata International, and the vice chairman of Titan Company and Tata Steel.

On 11 October 2024, following the death of his half-brother Ratan Tata, Noel Tata was appointed chairman of the Tata Sons that holds a 66% stake in Tata Sons, the parent company of the Tata Group that holds the bulk of shares of the Group.

Tata Sons
Tata Sons Pvt. Ltd. is the holding company of the Tata Group, headquartered in Mumbai. It owns the bulk of shareholding in the affiliate companies of Tata Group, as well as its land holdings across India, tea estates and steel plants. It derives its revenue from dividends from these companies, and owns the Tata trademark registered in India and several other countries.

Tata Sons was established as a trading enterprise in 1917, and engaged primarily in the overseeing of Tata Group's profits and structuring them into the right direction, before moving from conducting businesses directly to becoming the principal holding company of Tata Group. About 66% of its equity capital is held by philanthropic trusts endowed by members of the Tata family. The biggest two of these trusts are the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust and Sir Ratan Tata Trust.
Aleksey Legchilin
Aleksey Dmitriyevich Legchilin (Belarusian: Аляксей Дзмітрыевіч Лягчылін; Russian: Алексей Дмитриевич Легчилин; born 11 April 1992) is a Belarusian professional football player who plays for Neman Grodno.

FC Neman Grodno
FC Neman Grodno or FK Nyoman Hrodna (Belarusian: ФК Нёман Гродна; Russian: ФК Неман Гродно) is a Belarusian professional football club based in the city of Grodno. It is named after the Neman River and founded in 1964. Since 1992, the team has participated in the highest division of Belarusian football league system.
Veerendra Heggade
Dharmasthala Veerendra Heggade (born 25 November 1948) is an Indian philanthropist and the hereditary administrator of the Dharmasthala Temple in the Indian state of Karnataka. He succeeded to the post at the age of 19, on 24 October 1968, the 21st in his line. He administers the temple and its properties, which are held in trust. He is a nominated Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha since July 2022.

He was awarded the Karnataka Ratna award for the year 2009, the highest civilian award in Karnataka.

His tenure at Dharmasthala has been marked by controversy, including unresolved rape and murder cases and allegations of cover-ups by temple officials and his family members.

Karnataka Ratna
The Karnataka Ratna is the highest civilian honour of the State of Karnataka, India. It is awarded in recognition of a person's extraordinary contribution in any field. It was instituted in the year 1992 by the then Chief Minister of Karnataka, S. Bangarappa by the Government of Karnataka. A total of twelve persons have received this award.
De Salis
De Salis is an old Swiss noble family originating in Grisons, Switzerland.
 By gaining the title of Count of the Holy Roman Empire, the family later became part of the Nobility of the Holy Roman Empire.

Count de Salis-Seewis
Count de Salis-Seewis (also written Comte or Graf v. Salis-Seewis / Graf Salis-Seewis / Graf Salis / Gräfin ["Countess"] von Salis / Graf von Salis) is a primogenitive title created in Versailles, France, on 1 February 1777, while the title Graf (to follow the Count) was created in Vienna, Austria, 16 March 1915.
Asia Series
The Asia Series was an international club baseball competition, contested by the champions of all four professional leagues associated with the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC)—Australian Baseball League (ABL), Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL), Korea Baseball Organization League (KBO League), and Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB)—along with the CEB European Champion Cup holder and host city, to bring the number of teams to six.

The competition was co-sponsored by NPB Association and Konami from 2005 to 2007 and known as the Konami Cup. Participation was limited to the East Asian countries (Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and China). The tournament was stopped between 2009 and 2010 due to financing issues. It was reintroduced in 2011 and has been hosted by Taiwan and South Korea, whereas the previous had been held in Japan.

Following the 2013 edition, the Asia Series was discontinued due to scheduling issues.

KBO League
The KBO League (Korean: KBO 리그) is a professional baseball league in South Korea. The league comprises ten teams. The KBO League was founded with six franchises in 1982 and is the most popular sports league in South Korea. The Kia Tigers are the most successful team, having won 12 of the 44 championships.

In comparison with American Major League Baseball, ESPN reports that the KBO level of play "appears to be somewhere between Double-A and Triple-A, on average, though the best players are more likely to be MLB-quality than your typical Double-A league." Historically, the KBO is known for its vocal and exuberant fan base, as well as the widespread practice of bat flips (ppa-dun (Korean: 빠던), a portmanteau of the "first syllables of the words for 'bat' and 'throw'") by hitters after striking what they think will be a home run. In the KBO, the bat flipping tradition dates to the 1990s.
Maurice Piat
Maurice Piat CSSp GCSK (born 19 July 1941) is a Mauritian prelate of the Catholic Church who was Bishop of Port Louis, Mauritius, from 1993 to 2023. He is a professed member of the Congregation of the Holy Spirit. Piat was ordained a priest in 1970 and made a bishop in 1991. Pope Francis made him a cardinal on 19 November 2016.

Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean
The Most Distinguished Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean is the highest distinct order of merit in the honours system of Mauritius established under the National Awards Act 1993. It was founded in 1992 to decorate people who have made a contribution to social progress in the nations of the Indian Ocean. It may be awarded to non-Mauritian citizens.
Abbas, Haifa
Abbas (Hebrew: עבאס) is a neighborhood in the city of Haifa in northern Israel. It is located in the administrative region of Hadar, on the edge of the Mount Carmel. neighborhoods such as German Colony, Wadi Nisnas and Abbas, are largely Arab Christian.

German Colony, Haifa
The German Colony (Hebrew: המושבה הגרמנית, romanized: HaMoshava HaGermanit; Arabic: الحي الألمانية; German: Deutsche Kolonie) is an area of Haifa established in 1868 as a Christian German Templer Colony in Ottoman Palestine. It was the first of several colonies established by the group in the Holy Land. Others were founded in Sarona near Jaffa, Galilee and Jerusalem. Some of the original buildings are still surviving today, and the area continues to be visited, lived in, and in use.
Dibiyapur
Dibiyapur is a municipality-based city in Auraiya district in the most populous state of Uttar Pradesh in India. It is situated on State Highway 21. It is linked to Phaphund railway station on Kanpur–Delhi section of Howrah–Delhi main line and Howrah–Gaya–Delhi line which is operated by North Central Railway. The district administrative headquarter of the city is Auraiya. The city is situated between Agra and Kanpur. Lower Ganga Canal passes through mid of the city.

Many industries including GAIL and NTPC are located in the town. As an initiative, the Government of Uttar Pradesh is constructing Plastic City in the city. Due to industrial settlements, the city has got the name of Audyogik Nagari.

Auraiya district
Auraiya district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Auraiya town is the district headquarters. It lies on the south-western portion of Uttar Pradesh and also forms a part of the Kanpur Division.