hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
L-Norpseudoephedrine
L-Norpseudoephedrine, or (−)-norpseudoephedrine, less commonly known as (–)-cathine or L-cathine, is a psychostimulant drug of the amphetamine family. It is the levorotary isomer of Norpseudoephedrine and is one of the 4 optical isomers of phenylpropanolamine  ((−)-norpseudoephedrine, (+)-norpseudoephedrine, (−)-norephedrine, & (+)-norephedrine).

L-Norpseudoephedrine is an alkaloid of Ephedra sinica, Ephedra equisetina, and Catha edulis (khat). In khat, L-norpseudoephedrine is a secondary alkaloid present alongside cathinone. It is likely responsible for some of the milder stimulant effects of the plant, while cathinone produces the stronger psychoactive effects. In the Ephedra genus, L-norpseudoephedrine is a trace alkaloid compared to the more abundant alkaloids ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. Unlike in khat, L-Norpseudoephedrine does not contribute significantly to the pharmacological actions of Ephedra, as the amount contained in stems/leaves is negligible.

Cathinone
Cathinone (/ˈkæθɪnoʊn/; also known as β-ketoamphetamine) is a monoamine alkaloid found in the shrub Catha edulis (khat) and is chemically similar to ephedrine, cathine, methcathinone and other amphetamines. It is probably the main contributor to the stimulant effect of Catha edulis. Cathinone differs from many other amphetamines in that it has a ketone functional group. Other phenethylamines that share this structure include the stimulants methcathinone, MDPV, mephedrone and the antidepressant bupropion.
Essential extension
In mathematics, specifically module theory, given a ring  and an -module  with a submodule , the module  is said to be an essential extension of  (or  is said to be an essential submodule or large submodule of ) if for every submodule H of ,

implies that

As a special case, an essential left ideal of  is a left ideal that is essential as a submodule of the left module . The left ideal has non-zero intersection with any non-zero left ideal of . Analogously, an essential right ideal is exactly an essential submodule of the right  module .

The usual notations for essential extensions include the following two expressions:

(Lam 1999), and  (Anderson & Fuller 1992)

The dual notion of an essential submodule is that of superfluous submodule (or small submodule).  A submodule  is superfluous if for any other submodule ,

implies that .

The usual notations for superfluous submodules include:

(Lam 1999), and  (Anderson & Fuller 1992)

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
GWR 378 Class
The GWR 378 Class (also known as the Sir Daniel Class) was a class of 30 standard-gauge 2-2-2 steam locomotives on the Great Western Railway in Britain. They were introduced in 1866, and the class remained intact until 1898. Several were altered to the 0-6-0 wheel arrangement, and the last was withdrawn from service in 1920.

2-2-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-2-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, two powered driving wheels on one axle, and two trailing wheels on one axle. The wheel arrangement both provided more stability and enabled a larger firebox than the earlier 0-2-2 and 2-2-0 types. This wheel arrangement is sometimes described as a Single, although this name could be used to describe any kind of locomotive with a single pair of driving wheels.
Book of Concord
The Book of Concord (1580) or Concordia (often referred to as the Lutheran Confessions) is the historic doctrinal standard recognized as authoritative by many Lutheran church bodies since the 16th century. It consists of ten creedal documents and is also known as the symbolical book of the Evangelical Lutheran Church.

The Book of Concord was published in German on June 25, 1580, in Dresden, the fiftieth anniversary of the presentation of the Augsburg Confession to Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Augsburg. The authoritative Latin edition was published in 1584 in Leipzig.

Those who accept it as their doctrinal standard recognize it to be a faithful exposition of the Bible. The Holy Scriptures are set forth in The Book of Concord to be the sole, divine source and norm of all Christian doctrine.

Creed
A creed, also known as a confession of faith, a symbol, or a statement of faith, is a statement of the shared beliefs of a community (often a religious community) which summarizes its core tenets.

Many Christian denominations use three creeds: the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, the Apostles' Creed and the Athanasian Creed. Some Christian denominations do not use any of those creeds.

The term creed is sometimes extended to comparable concepts in non-Christian theologies. The Islamic concept of ʿaqīdah (literally "bond, tie") is often rendered as "creed".
Gemini (soundtrack)
Gemini is the soundtrack album for the 2002 Tamil film of the same name directed by Saran and features music composed by Bharadwaj with lyrics by Vairamuthu. Since making his entry into Tamil films with Saran's directorial debut Kaadhal Mannan, he has scored the music for most films directed by Saran. The album features seven tracks; five songs and two alternate versions of the song. An eighth track; the alternate version of the song "O Podu" released, post the film's release. The songs were well received by the audience and the track "O Podu", in particular, was a hit. The soundtrack fetched two Filmfare Awards and two Cinema Express Awards. Bharadwaj earned his first Filmfare Award for Best Music Director, along with Anuradha Sriram who received Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil. At the inaugural ceremony of International Tamil Film Awards held in Malaysia, Anuradha Sriram received ITFA Award for Best Female Playback Singer.

Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil
The Tamil Filmfare Best Female Playback Award is given by Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Tamil films. The first Tamil award was given in 2006. However, from 1997 till 2005, a common award for playback was available for both male and female singers of all the four South Indian languages.
Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci
Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci in Milan, dedicated to painter and scientist Leonardo da Vinci, is the largest science and technology museum in Italy. It was opened on 15 February 1953 and inaugurated by Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi.

The museum, in the ancient monastery of San Vittore al Corpo in Milan, is divided into seven main departments:

Materials

Transport

Energy (including Thermal power station Regina Margherita)

Communication

Leonardo da Vinci, Art & Science

New Frontiers

Science for young people

Each of these departments have laboratories, especially for children and young students. The Transport section is made up of four different parts: air, rail, water and Submarine Enrico Toti-S-506.

Toti-class submarine
The Toti class were submarines built for the Italian Navy in the 1960s. They were the first submarines designed and built in Italy since World War II. These boats were small and designed as "hunter killer" anti-submarine submarines. They are comparable to the German Type 205 submarines and the French Aréthuse-class submarines.
Leif Westerberg
Leif Westerberg (born 28 August 1974) is a retired Swedish professional golfer. He played on the European Tour and Challenge Tour between 1997 and 2011, recording two victories. As an amateur, he won the 1992 R&A Boys Amateur Championship and the 1995 NCAA Championship.

1995 NCAA Division I men's golf championship
The 1995 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championships were contested at the 56th annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament for determining the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf at the Division I level in the United States.

The tournament was held at the Ohio State University Golf Club in Columbus, Ohio.

Oklahoma State won the team championship, the Cowboys' eighth NCAA title and first since 1991. Oklahoma State defeated defending champions Stanford in a play-off after the two teams finished tied atop the team standings (1,156–1,156).

Chip Spratlin, from Auburn, won the individual title.
BC Terreur
Basket Club Terreur (in English: Terror Basketball Club) is a Congolese basketball club based in Kinshasa. Founded in 1963, they play in the Liprobakin of Kinshasa. The team made its debut in the Africa Basketball League in the 2018–19 season. Terreur lost all three games, finishing last in the group.

Terreur has won one Congolese national championship (in 1992), and four Liprobakin titles (1992, 2014, 2020, and 2022).

2019 FIBA Africa Basketball League
The 2019 FIBA Africa Basketball League was the 33nd edition of FIBA Africa's premier club Basketball tournament and the 1st under the new format and new name. The season saw an expansion from twelve to sixteen teams.

The season began on February 8, 2019, and ended on May 26, 2019, with the conclusion of the Final Four. The Final Four was hosted at the Kilamba Arena in Luanda, Angola.

It was the last season of the league as the competition was replaced by the Basketball Africa League (BAL), a new competition jointly established by the National Basketball Association (NBA) and FIBA.
Voices of Bishara
Voices of Bishara is a studio album by the English drummer Tom Skinner, released on 4 November 2022 by via Nonesuch Records, International Anthem Recording Company, and Brownswood Recordings. It was ranked among the best jazz albums of 2022 by multiple critics.

International Anthem Recording Company
International Anthem Recording Company is an American record label based in Chicago, Illinois. Formed in 2012 by Scottie McNiece and David Allen, and launched in 2014, the label mostly releases records that have been categorised as jazz, with a particular focus on artists from the Chicago area.
Maya, Western Australia
Maya is a small town in the Mid West region of Western Australia.

The town's name is a result of the shortening of the Indigenous Australian word for a nearby spring, Pocanmaya. The name was first recorded by surveyors in 1876.

The town originated as a railway siding on the Mullewa to Wongan Hills railway line that was planned in 1913. The townsite was gazetted in 1913 and the railway commenced operation in 1915.

In 1932 the Wheat Pool of Western Australia announced that the town would have two grain elevators, each fitted with an engine, installed at the railway siding.

The surrounding areas produce wheat and other cereal crops. The town is a receival site for Cooperative Bulk Handling.

CBH Group
The CBH Group – commonly known as CBH, an acronym for Co-operative Bulk Handling – is an organisation that operates the vast majority of cereal grain receival points in Western Australia (WA). A cooperative owned by farmers, CBH also stores, transports, processes and markets grain from throughout the Wheatbelt region of WA.
Menemerus mirabilis
Menemerus mirabilis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Menemerus that lives in Ethiopia in areas of human habitation, including a house and a hotel. The species was first described in 1999 by Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is small and brown, with a carapace that is between 1.8 and 2.4 millimetres (0.071 and 0.094 in) long and an abdomen between 2.0 and 3.5 millimetres (0.079 and 0.138 in) long. The female has a larger and lighter abdomen than the male. The male has an indistinct leaf-shaped pattern on its abdomen. It is similar to other species in the genus but can be distinguished by its copulatory organs. The male has a shorter embolus than other species. The female can be identified by the two depressions in its epigyne and its circular spermathecae.

Menemerus
Menemerus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1868. They are 4 to 10 millimetres (0.16 to 0.39 in) long, flattened in shape, and very hairy, usually with brown and grayish hairs. Most species have white edges on the thorax. The abdomen is often oval, or sometimes elongated or rounded.
Philip Hugh Padwick
Philip Hugh Padwick (ROI, RBA; 1876–1958) was an English painter noted for his oil landscapes. His work was impressionistic and fluid, utilising bold colours.

Padwick was a member of the Royal Society of British Artists (RBA). In 1929, he exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts with two pieces, Harbour Scene and Scene in Yorkshire.

Padwick's work has been exhibited in London at the Barbizon House, the Chenil Gallery, the Fine Art Society, the International Society, the New English Art Club, the Royal Society of British Artists, the Ridley Gallery, the Royal Institute of Oil Painters. He has also been exhibited at the Royal Hibernian Academy in Dublin, the Royal Scottish Academy in Edinburgh, the Royal Cambrian Academy of Art in Conwy, Wales, and the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool.

There are currently 33 of Padwick's paintings on display in art galleries across the UK.

Philip Padwick died in 1958 at Midhurst, West Sussex, aged 82.

Royal Institute of Oil Painters
The Royal Institute of Oil Painters, also known as ROI, is an association of painters in London, England, and is the only major art society which features work done only in oil. It is a member society of the Federation of British Artists.
Paul Wegener (Gauleiter)
Paul Wegener (1 October 1908 – 5 May 1993) was a German Nazi Party official and politician who served as the Gauleiter of Gau Weser-Ems as well as the Reichsstatthalter of both Bremen and the Free State of Oldenburg.

Gauleiter
A Gauleiter (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʊlaɪtɐ] ⓘ) was a regional leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) who served as the head of a Gau or Reichsgau. Gauleiter was the third-highest rank in the Nazi political leadership, subordinate only to Reichsleiter and to the Führer himself. The position was effectively abolished with the fall of the Nazi regime on 8 May 1945.
Bahlul of Shirvan
Sheikh Bahlul Darbandi was a member of the House of Shirvanshah, the ruling dynasty of Shirvan. He was a grandson of Shirvanshah Keykubad I, brother of Shirvanshah Ibrahim, and cousin of Shirvanshah Kavus.

Ibrahim I of Shirvan
Ibrahim I (Persian: ابراهیم) was the 33rd Shirvanshah (ruler of Shirvan, r. 1382–1418). Because of his cunning politics he managed to remain independent and avoid being deposed by the Turko-Mongol ruler Timur.
Max von Fabeck
Herrmann Gustav Karl Max von Fabeck (6 May 1854 – 16 December 1916) was a Prussian military officer and a German General der Infantarie during World War I. He commanded the 13th Corps in the 5th Army and took part in the Race to the Sea on the Western Front and also commanded the new 11th Army on the Eastern Front. Subsequently, he commanded several German armies during the war until his evacuation from the front due to illness in 1916 and died on 16 December. A competent and highly decorated commander, von Fabeck is a recipient of the Pour le Mérite, Prussia's and Germany's highest military honor.

General of the Infantry (Germany)
General of the Infantry (German: General der Infanterie, abbr. General d. Inf.) is a former rank of the German army (Heer). It is currently an appointment or position given to an OF-8 rank officer, who is responsible for particular affairs of training and equipment of the Bundeswehr infantry.
PH2
PH2, also known as Kepler-86, or KIC 12735740 (2MASS J19190326+5157453), is an F-type main-sequence star 1,120 light-years (340 parsecs) distant within the constellation Cygnus. Roughly the size and temperature of the Sun, PH2 gained prominence when it was known to be the host of one of 42 planet candidates detected by the Planet Hunters citizen science project in its second data release. The candidate orbiting around PH2, known as PH2b, had been determined to have a spurious detection probability of only 0.08%, thus effectively confirming its existence as a planet.

Located in its parent star's habitable zone, PH2b (or Kepler-86b) is a Jupiter-size gas giant which could in theory host a natural satellite suitable for hosting life. The report of the confirmed detection of PH2b was submitted on January 3, 2013. It was discovered by amateur Pole Rafał Herszkowicz using his laptop and access to the Internet project with data from the Kepler space observatory.

Exomoon
An exomoon or extrasolar moon is a natural satellite that orbits an exoplanet or other non-stellar extrasolar body.

Exomoons are difficult to detect and confirm using current techniques, and to date there have been no confirmed exomoon detections.
However, observations from missions such as Kepler have observed a number of candidates.
Two potential exomoons that may orbit rogue planets have also been detected by microlensing.
In September 2019, astronomers reported that the observed dimmings of Tabby's Star may have been produced by fragments resulting from the disruption of an orphaned exomoon. Some exomoons may be potential habitats for extraterrestrial life. A possible exomoon, which, if real, may be habitable, has been discovered around one of the components of the binary rogue planet 2MASS J11193254−1137466 AB.
Ist das alles? (13 Höhepunkte mit den Ärzten)
Ist das alles? (13 Höhepunkte mit den Ärzten) [Is that all? (13 highlights with Die Ärzte)] is the fifth album by German rock band Die Ärzte. It is their first best-of album.

This album was released because after the indexing of Die Ärzte and Debil, only Im Schatten der Ärzte was left on the store shelves. With this album, songs from the indexed albums could also be released to a wider audience.

Die Ärzte (1986 album)
Die Ärzte is the third album by German rock band Die Ärzte. The song "Geschwisterliebe", and with it the whole album, was put on the German List of Media Harmful to Young People on 27 January 1987.

This was the first album recorded since Hans Runge ("Sahnie") left the band. The bass guitar was played by their producer, Manne Praeker.
1971 World Snooker Championship
The 1971 World Snooker Championship was a professional snooker tournament that took place between 28 September and 7 November 1970 in Australia. The tournament was the 1971 edition of the World Snooker Championship, first held in 1927, but was held in 1970. It was the first time the event had been held outside England outside of two challenge matches in 1965, with matches held at various locations in New South Wales and Brisbane. The event featured nine participants, with a round-robin round producing four qualifiers, who then competed in a single-elimination tournament.

Ray Reardon was the defending champion, having defeated John Pulman in the 1970 final, however Reardon lost to John Spencer in the semi-final. Spencer won the event for the second time by defeating Warren Simpson 37–29 in the final held in the Chevron Hotel in Sydney. Eddie Charlton made the highest break of the tournament with a 129 in the final session of his round-robin match against Gary Owen.

Glossary of cue sports terms
The following is a glossary of traditional English-language terms used in the three overarching cue sports disciplines: carom billiards referring to the various carom games played on a billiard table without pockets; pool, which denotes a host of games played on a table with six pockets; and snooker, played on a large pocket table, and which has a sport culture unto itself distinct from pool. There are also games such as English billiards that include aspects of multiple disciplines.
Leningradsky Avenue
Leningradsky Prospekt (Russian: Ленингра́дский проспе́кт), or Leningrad Avenue, is a major arterial avenue in Moscow, Russia. It extends north-west from Belorussky Rail Terminal as a continuation of Tverskaya Street and 1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street, changing its name to Leningradskoye Highway past Sokol station on its way toward Saint Petersburg via Tver.

Moscow Belorussky railway station
Belorussky railway station (Russian: Белору́сский вокза́л, IPA: [bʲɪɫɐˈruskʲɪj vɐɡˈzaɫ]) also referred to as Moscow–Passenger–Smolenskaya (Russian: Москва́-Пассажирская-Смоле́нская, lit. 'Moskva-Smolenskaya'), Informally the whole station can be called as Moscow Belorusskaya (Russian: Москва Белорусская, lit. 'Moskva Belorusskaya'), is a railway terminal of the Moscow Railway located at the front of Tverskaya Zastava Square in Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. The station is one of nine railway terminals of Moscow. It was opened in 1870 and rebuilt in its current form in 1907–1912.
Fermi (microarchitecture)
Fermi is the codename for a graphics processing unit (GPU) microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, released fermi architecture to retail in April 2010, as the successor to the Tesla microarchitecture. It was the primary microarchitecture used in the GeForce 400 series and 500 series. All desktop Fermi GPUs were manufactured in 40nm, mobile Fermi GPUs in 40nm and 28nm. Fermi is the oldest microarchitecture from Nvidia that receives support for Microsoft's rendering API Direct3D 12 feature_level 11.

Fermi was followed by Kepler, and used alongside Kepler in the GeForce 600 series, GeForce 700 series, and GeForce 800 series, in the latter two only in mobile GPUs.

In the workstation market, Fermi found use in the Quadro x000 series, Quadro NVS models, and in Nvidia Tesla computing modules.

The architecture is named after Enrico Fermi, an Italian physicist.

Nvidia Tesla
Nvidia Tesla is the former name for a line of products developed by Nvidia targeted at stream processing or general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPU), named after pioneering electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. Its products began using GPUs from the G80 series, and have continued to accompany the release of new chips. They are programmable using the CUDA or OpenCL APIs.

The Nvidia Tesla product line competed with AMD's Radeon Instinct and Intel Xeon Phi lines of deep learning and GPU cards.

Nvidia retired the Tesla brand in May 2020, reportedly because of potential confusion with the brand of cars. Its new GPUs are branded Nvidia Data Center GPUs as in the Ampere-based A100 GPU.

Nvidia DGX servers feature Nvidia GPGPUs.
Mystery Case Files: The Malgrave Incident
Mystery Case Files: The Malgrave Incident is a puzzle adventure video game developed by Big Fish Games and Sanzaru Games and published by Nintendo for the Wii video game console. It was released in North America in June 2011, and in Europe and Australia in September.

Big Fish Games
Big Fish Games, Inc. is a casual game company based in Seattle with a regional office in Oakland, California, owned by BFG Entertainment. It is a developer and distributor of casual games for computers and mobile devices.

In 2016, the company was accused of knowingly deceiving customers into signing up for monthly purchases without informed consent. It was also the subject of a class action lawsuit over its app Big Fish Casino, resulting in a settlement of $155 million after a federal appeals court ruled that it constituted illegal online gambling.
Hassan Ayat
Hassan Ayat (24 June 1938 – 5 August 1981) was an Iranian politician. He was member of Parliament of Iran in first assembly after the Iranian Revolution and also member of Assembly of Experts for Constitution.

Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran (Persian: مجلس شورای اسلامی ایران, romanized: Majles-e Shurâ-ye Eslâmi Iran), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 270 seats since the 18 February 2000 election.