hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
November 2015 Kidal attack
A MINUSMA base in Kidal, northern Mali, was attacked on 28 November 2015. Two Guinean soldiers and a Burkinabe contractor were killed, with 20 more injured. Ansar Dine claimed responsibility for the attack.

United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali
The United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (French: Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation au Mali, MINUSMA) was a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Mali. MINUSMA was established on 25 April 2013 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 2100 to stabilise the country after the Tuareg rebellion of 2012, and was terminated over a decade later on 30 June 2023. Officially deployed on 1 July 2013, MINUSMA was the UN's deadliest peacekeeping mission. While UNIFIL, the mission in Lebanon, has lost more peacekeepers overall, by incident type the majority of those deaths at 135 are officially listed as "accidents." At 175 deaths by "malicious act," MINUSMA was officially the deadliest Peacekeeping mission of all time.

During MINUSMA's existence, there were two further international peace operations in Mali. These were the European Union missions EUCAP Sahel Mali and EUTM Mali.
Sabiana
Sabiana (in Georgian: ღირსი საბიანა), also known as Sabiana of Samtskhe, was a Georgian nun, saint, and venerable figure from the 10th-11th centuries. She spent most of her life and work in the monastery she led as hegumen, located in the region of Samtskhe.

Her memory is commemorated on 31 December in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Hegumen
Hegumen, hegumenos, or igumen (Greek: ἡγούμενος, trans. hēgoúmenos), is the title for the head of a monastery in the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, or an archpriest in the Coptic Orthodox Church, similar to the title of abbot. The head of a convent of nuns is called a hegumenia or igumeni (Greek: ἡγουμένη).
It's Alright (311 song)
"It's Alright" is a song written and recorded by American rock band 311. After "Hey You", it was the second single from the group's ninth studio album, Uplifter. The single was released through Volcano Entertainment to radio stations on June 9, 2009.

Hey You (311 song)
"Hey You" is a song written and recorded by American rock band 311. It is the first single from the group's ninth studio album, Uplifter. The single was released through Volcano Entertainment on April 10, 2009. It was received generally well and became their eighth top-five hit on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart.
Tsing Long Highway
Tsing Long Highway (Chinese: 青朗公路; Cantonese Yale: Tsīng Lóhng Gūnglouh; Jyutping: cing1 long5 gung1 lou6; pinyin: Qīng Lǎng Gōnglù) is a motorway of Route 3 from North West Tsing Yi Interchange on Tsing Yi Island to Yuen Long, in Hong Kong. Ting Kau Bridge and Tai Lam Tunnel are part of the motorway. It connects with Cheung Tsing Highway and Lantau Link at its southern end, and San Tin Highway and Yuen Long Highway at its northern end. Its speed limit at parts south of Tai Lam Tunnel and in that tunnel is 80 km/h (50 mph) and parts north of Tai Lam Tunnel is 100 km/h (62 mph).

There are no intermediate exits on the southbound carriageway of Tsing Long Highway on the north of Tai Lam Tunnel, so this entire section is a toll road. Likewise there are no entrances on the northbound carriageway on this section.

The motorway is designated an expressway except for the Tai Lam Tunnel stretch.

Lantau Link
The Lantau Link, formerly known as the Lantau Fixed Crossing, is a roadway in Hong Kong forming part of Route 8 linking Lantau Island to Tsing Yi, from which other roads lead to the urban areas of Kowloon and the rest of the New Territories. It is part of the Airport Core Programme centred on the new Hong Kong International Airport on Lantau. The link was officially opened on 27 April 1997, and it opened to traffic on 22 May the same year.
Thomas Howard (American football)
Thomas Arquis Howard (July 14, 1983 – November 18, 2013) was an American professional football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Oakland Raiders in the second round of the 2006 NFL draft. He also played for the Cincinnati Bengals and Atlanta Falcons. He played college football for the University of Texas at El Paso.

University of Texas at El Paso
The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) is a public research university in El Paso, Texas, United States. Founded in 1913 as the State School of Mines and Metallurgy, it is the third oldest academic component of the University of Texas System.

UTEP is an "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" institution on the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. It is the largest and oldest Hispanic-serving R1 university in the contiguous United States, exceeded only by institutions in Puerto Rico.

The campus is on located on hillsides overlooking the Rio Grande river, with Ciudad Juárez in view across the Mexico–United States border. It includes the Sun Bowl stadium, which hosts the annual college football competition the Sun Bowl every winter. Multiple campus buildings are in the Dzong architectural style, typical of Bhutan and Tibet.
Stylomandibular ligament
The stylomandibular ligament is the thickened posterior portion of the investing cervical fascia around the neck. It extends from near the apex of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the angle and posterior border of the angle of the mandible, between the masseter muscle and medial pterygoid muscle. The stylomandibular ligament limits mandibular movements, such as preventing excessive opening.

Medial pterygoid muscle
The medial pterygoid muscle (or internal pterygoid muscle) is a thick, quadrilateral muscle of the face. It is supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (V). It is important in mastication (chewing).
Silonia silondia
Silonia silondia, the Silond catfish, is a species of schilbid catfish native to Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Nepal  This species grows to a length of 183 centimetres (72 in) TL.  These fish inhabit rivers and occur in shoals. Adults ascend from estuaries into large rivers for breeding during monsoons. After the water level recedes, they often get stranded in small pools.

Schilbeidae
Schilbeidae is a family of catfishes native to Africa and Asia. These fish tend to swim in open water.

Schilbid catfishes usually have dorsal fins with a short base and a spine, but Parailia lack a dorsal fin altogether. Most species also possess an adipose fin. The base of the anal fin is very long. There are usually four pairs of barbels. Several species lack anal fins.

The family name is sometimes spelled Schilbidae in scientific literature.
Honeymoon Deferred (1940 film)
Honeymoon Deferred is a 1940 American mystery film directed by Lew Landers and written by Roy Chanslor and Eliot Gibbons. The film stars Edmund Lowe, Margaret Lindsay, Elisabeth Risdon, Chick Chandler, Joyce Compton, Cliff Clark and Anne Gwynne. The film was released on February 16, 1940, by Universal Pictures.

Chick Chandler
Fehmer Christy "Chick" Chandler (January 18, 1905 – September 30, 1988) was an American film character actor who appeared in more than 130 films from 1925 through the mid-1950s.  Chandler was known for his starring role as Toubo Smith in the Universal-produced 1955 syndicated television series Soldiers of Fortune.
Namukku Parkkan Munthirithoppukal
Namukku Parkkan Munthirithoppukal (transl. Vineyards for us to dwell in) is a 1986 Indian Malayalam-language romance drama film written and directed by Padmarajan based on the 1986 novel Nammukku Gramangalil Chennu Rapparkkam by K. K. Sudhakaran. The film stars Mohanlal, Shari, Thilakan, Vineeth, and Kaviyoor Ponnamma. The music was composed by Johnson. The plot is centered around a Malayali Syrian Christian-Nasrani ("Nazarene") family. Throughout the story, there are references to the Biblical book Song of Songs where it depicts the romantic dialogue between a young woman and her lover.

For the film, Venu won the National Film Award for Best Cinematography and Shari won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress and Filmfare Award for Best Actress in Malayalam. The film is regarded as a cult classic and is considered one of the best romantic Malayalam films ever made.

Kaviyoor Ponnamma
Kaviyoor Ponnamma (10 September 1945 – 20 September 2024) was an Indian actress who appeared in Malayalam films and television. Ponnamma had acted in around 700 movies in her career spanning more than six decades. She began her career performing in theatre dramas before foraying into cinema. She also acted in TV serials and commercials and had playback singing credits in few films.

Ponnamma was a four-time Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actress winner. Her sister Kaviyoor Renuka was also an actress. Often called as the "mother to all actors", she acted as mother of almost all actors in her career spanning over decades. At the age of 20, she played the mother of older actors Sathyan and Madhu in Thommente Makkal (1965). She particularly gained critical acclaim for acting as the mother of Mohanlal.
Tauquir Ahmed
Tauquir Ahmed (born 5 March 1966) is a Bangladeshi architect and actor, turned director in both television and cinema. His films won many international and national awards including Bangladesh National Film Awards in the Best Director, Best Screenplay and Best Story categories for the films Joyjatra (2004) and Oggatonama (2016).

National Film Awards (Bangladesh)
The National Film Awards (Bengali: জাতীয় চলচ্চিত্র পুরস্কার) is an annual awards ceremony held annually in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is considered to be the most significant film award ceremony in Bangladesh. The National Film Awards were established in 1975 by the government of Bangladesh. Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entries.
Total subset
In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a subset  of a topological vector space  is said to be a total subset of  if the linear span of  is a dense subset of  
This condition arises frequently in many theorems of functional analysis.

Dense set
In topology and related areas of mathematics, a subset A of a topological space X is said to be dense in X if every point of X either belongs to A or else is arbitrarily "close" to a member of A — for instance, the rational numbers are a dense subset of the real numbers because every real number either is a rational number or has a rational number arbitrarily close to it (see Diophantine approximation). 
Formally,  is dense in  if the smallest closed subset of  containing  is  itself.

The density of a topological space  is the least cardinality of a dense subset of
Gorilla-Man
Gorilla-Man is an alias used by three different superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, beginning in 1954 with the character of Kenneth Hale, and continuing with Arthur Nagan, who also first appeared in 1954, and Franz Radzik, who first appeared in 1962.

Skrull
The Skrulls (/skrʌlz/) are a fictional race of extraterrestrial shapeshifters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. They first appeared in Fantastic Four #2 and were created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. They originated from the planet Skrullos and their empire is located in the Andromeda Galaxy. Their infiltration of Earth was a major event in the Marvel Comics universe as shown in the crossover event Secret Invasion.

The Skrulls have made numerous appearances in animated television and video games before making their live-action cinematic debut in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Captain Marvel (2019). Skrulls have also appeared in Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019) and the Disney+ series WandaVision, What If...? (both 2021) and Secret Invasion (2023), and the film The Marvels (2023).
The Minnesota Pioneer to its Patrons
"The Minnesota Pioneer to its Patrons" is a humorous poem about the city of Saint Paul, Minnesota, published in the Minnesota Pioneer on January 2, 1850 (but dated January 1, 1850). It has variously been attributed to the newspaper editor James Goodhue or to Father Lucien Galtier.

St. Paul Pioneer Press
The St. Paul Pioneer Press is a newspaper based in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. It serves the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area. Circulation is heaviest in the east metro, including Ramsey, Dakota, and Washington counties, along with western Wisconsin, eastern Minnesota and Anoka County, Minnesota. The paper's main rival is the Star Tribune, based in neighboring Minneapolis. The Pioneer Press is owned by MediaNews Group, controlled by Alden Global Capital. It no longer includes "St. Paul" as part of its name in either its print or online edition, but its owner still lists the paper's name as the St. Paul Pioneer Press and the paper also calls itself the St. Paul Pioneer Press on its Facebook and Twitter pages. Its URL and digital presence is TwinCities.com.
McCowan baronets
The McCowan Baronetcy, of Dalwhat in the County of Dumfries, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 26 June 1934 for Sir David McCowan. He was a senior partner in William Euing & Co, marine insurance brokers, and Honorary President of the Scottish Unionist Association.

The third and fourth Baronets did not successfully prove their succession to the title and the fifth and present Baronet has also yet to prove his succession and is not on the Official Roll of the Baronetage, with the baronetcy officially considered dormant.

David McCowan
Sir David McCowan, 1st Baronet, JP, DL (8 December 1860 – 15 May 1937) was a Scottish insurance broker and Scotland international rugby union player. He later became the 49th President of the Scottish Rugby Union.
The Devil's Trap
The Devil's Trap (Czech: Ďáblova past) is a 1962 Czechoslovak historical film directed by František Vláčil. It was inspired by Alfréd Technik's novel Mlýn na ponorné řece. It is considered the first part of a loose trilogy of historical films by Vláčil, the others being Marketa Lazarová
and The Valley of the Bees.

The film's main theme is the conflict between religion and science. Religion is represented by a fanatical Jesuit priest, while science is represented by an old miller and his son. Vláčil wanted the film to depict the 17th century as authentically as possible.

The Valley of the Bees
The Valley of the Bees (Czech: Údolí včel) is a 1968 Czechoslovak historical drama film directed by František Vláčil. The film follows a young man Ondřej who's sent to join the Teutonic order by his father. When he flees the order and returns home, his friend Armin is determined to bring him back.
Šipkovica Partisan Hospital
The Partisan Hospital is a former hospital and WWII historical site located on the mountain of Plačkovica near the village of Šipkovica, North Macedonia. Here, the wounded partisans were treated, during the Axis Spring Offensive in 1944.

Plačkovica
Plačkovica (Macedonian: Плачковицаⓘ) is a mountain located in the eastern part of North Macedonia, it extends between the cities of Radoviš, and Vinica.

The highest peak is Lisec (Macedonian: Лисец) at 1,754 m, the length of main valley slopes of the peak Lisec is 34 km. The valley of Zrnovska river splits the mountain in two, eastern and western parts. The peak of the western part is Turtel at 1,689 m. Lisec is a popular climbing route for the local climbers, being one of the harder peaks to scale in this part of Macedonia. It is not unusual to have snow on the peak during the month of June. The peak is served by two mountain lodges: Vrteška from Štip's side and, Dzumaja from Radoviš's side.

Geological components of Plačkovica are mainly granite and marble.
Agustín Canapino
Agustín Hugo Canapino (Spanish pronunciation: [a.ɣusˈtin ˈu.ɣo ka.naˈpi.no]; born 19 January 1990) is an Argentine racing driver racing who most recently competed for Juncos Hollinger Racing in the IndyCar Series. He has run in different series, with major success in Turismo Carretera (TC).

Callum Ilott
Callum Benjamin Ilott (/ˈaɪlɒt/ EYE-lot; born 11 November 1998) is a British racing driver who competes in the IndyCar Series, driving No. 90 Dallara-Chevrolet for Prema Racing. He previously competed in the 2024 FIA World Endurance Championship racing for Jota Sport in the Hypercar category.

Ilott was runner-up to Mick Schumacher in the 2020 Formula 2 Championship. He was previously a member of the Ferrari Driver Academy.
Mar Garcia
Maria del Mar Garcia Sanz (Spanish: [maˈɾja ðel maɾ ɣaɾˈθja sanθ]; born 11 September 1974) is a Spanish politician and a political scientist. She has served as the Secretary General of the European Green Party (EGP) since November 2014.

She was also a member of the Executive Committee and National Council of the Catalan Greens, Iniciativa per Catalunya Verds (ICV), and is a member of the national Council of its successor, the Green Left.

Currently, Mar Garcia is Co-Director of the European Center for Digital Action (ECDA) - which is dedicated to empowering progressive political parties and organizations with the tools and tactics they need to master digital organizing and fundraising to boost their campaigns and have the maximum impact in elections and contribute to lasting social change.

Greens–European Free Alliance
The Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) is a political group of the European Parliament composed primarily of green political parties.

The group consists of European Green Party (EGP), part of the European Free Alliance (EFA), and members of Volt Europa and European Pirate Party political alliances.
Ryan Johansson
Ryan Nils Johansson (born 15 February 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for German 3. Liga club SV Wehen Wiesbaden. Born in Luxembourg, he has represented Luxembourg, Sweden and the Republic of Ireland at youth international level.

SV Wehen Wiesbaden
SV Wehen Wiesbaden is a German association football club based in Wiesbaden, Hesse. The club was previously known as SV Wehen but added  Wiesbaden to its name during the summer of 2007. They left their previous ground, the Taunusstein, that same summer and have played at the BRITA-Arena ever since.
Executioners (film)
Executioners (Chinese: 現代豪俠傳; pinyin: Xian dai hao xia zhuan), is a 1993 Hong Kong fantasy film and a sequel to The Heroic Trio, directed by Johnny To. Executioners was directed by Johnnie To and Ching Siu-tung. The film stars Michelle Yeoh, Anita Mui and Maggie Cheung, returning as the main characters of the first film. Other cast include Damian Lau, Anthony Wong, Takeshi Kaneshiro, Lau Ching-Wan, Paul Chun and Kwan Shan.

Anthony Wong
Anthony Wong Chau-sang (born Anthony William Perry; 2 September 1961) is a Hong Kong film actor, film director and singer, known for his intense portrayals of often-amoral characters. He has won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor three times for The Untold Story (1993), Beast Cops (1998) and Still Human (2018), and won Taiwan's Golden Horse Award for Best Actor for The Sunny Side of the Street (2022). He is the first Hong Kong actor to have won Best Actor awards in films, stage theatre and TV. His notable international credits include his roles as Triad gangster Johnny Wong in Hard Boiled (1992), police superintendent Wong Chi-shing in the Infernal Affairs trilogy (2002–2003) and General Yang in the Hollywood film The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor (2008).
State Hamza Prize
The State Hamza Prize or simply the Hamza Prize, officially the State Prize of the Uzbek SSR Named After Hamza (Uzbek: Hamza nomidagi Oʻzbekiston SSR Davlat mukofoti, Ҳамза номидаги Ўзбекистон ССР Давлат мукофоти; Russian: Государственная премия Узбекской ССР имени Хамзы) was a state prize established in the Uzbek SSR in 1964 to recognize outstanding achievement in literature, arts, and architecture. The prize was named in honor of Hamza Hakimzade Niyazi, an early pioneer of literature in the Uzbek SSR.

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (UzSSR), also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the legal political party, from 1925 until 1990. From 1990 to 1991, it was a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation.

Beginning 20 June 1990, the Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders. Islam Karimov became the republic's inaugural president.

On 31 August 1991, the Uzbek SSR was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union's dissolution on 26 December 1991.

Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kirghizia to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.
Pavel Kulizhnikov
Pavel Aleksandrovich Kulizhnikov (Russian: Павел Александрович Кулижников; born 20 April 1994) is a Russian speed skater. He won the men's 500 metres event at the 2015 World Single Distance Championships as well as the 2015 World Sprint Championships, becoming the youngest winner since speed skating icon Eric Heiden of the United States. In 2015, he became the first speed skater to finish the 500-meter in under 34 seconds with a world record of 33.98. In 2020 he became the first speed skater to break 1:06 in the 1000 metres. At the 2016 World Single Distance Championships, Kulizhnikov won the men's 500 m and 1000 m, becoming the first man to win gold in both distances at the same speed skating World Single Distances Championships.

World record progression 500 m speed skating men
The world record progression 500 m speed skating men as recognised by the International Skating Union:

The world record of 38.9 seconds was set by Hasse Börjes on 18 January 1970 had been manually timed and thus with a precision of only one tenth of a second. In those days, it was not yet required that a performance be automatically timed (with a precision of one hundredth of a second) in order for it to be recognised as a world record. When Valery Muratov skated 38.99 six days later, it was automatically timed and since – when disregarding the hundredths of a second – the result was the same as the time set by Börjes, it was recognised as a world record. Muratov's world record stood for only one day, because Börjes skated 38.87 the following day. Muratov skated a new world record of 38.73 four days after that.
Battle of Lahrawat
The Battle of Lahrawat was fought between two factions of the Delhi Sultanate in 1320. Malik Tughluq, the governor of Dipalpur, challenged the authority of Khusrau Khan, who had usurped the throne of Delhi. After defeating an army sent by Khusrau Khan at the Battle of Saraswati, Tughluq marched towards Delhi, and encamped at a plain called Lahrawat.

Khusrau Khan led an army against him, and inflicted severe losses on his camp. When Tughluq was left with around 500 soldiers, Khusrau Khan's soldiers turned their focus towards plundering the enemy baggage, believing they had won the battle. Taking advantage of this, Tughluq launched a direct attack on Khusrau Khan, forcing him to flee the battlefield. Subsequently, the rest of Khusrau Khan's army either fled or was defeated by Tughluq's force.

Plain
In geography, a plain, commonly known as flatland, is a flat expanse of land  that generally has few rapid or steep changes in elevation.  Natural vegetation in plains can include prairies/grasslands, forests, savanah, tundra, and desert biomes, among others. Plains occur as lowlands along valleys or at the base of mountains, as coastal plains, and as plateaus or uplands. Plains are one of the major landforms on earth, being present on all continents and covering more than one-third of the world's land area. Plains in many areas are important for agriculture. There are various types of plains, and biomes on them.