hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivan Pidkova
Ivan Pidkova (Ukrainian: Іван Підкова) or Ioan Potcoavă (died 16 June 1578), also known as Ioan Crețul, and Nicoară Potcoavă among Romanians, was a prominent Cossack Ataman, and  short-time ruler of Moldavia (November–December 1577). His moniker ("pidkova" in Ukrainian/"potcoavă" in Romanian – "horseshoe") is said to originate in the fact that he used to ride his stallions to the point of breaking off their horseshoes; another version says that he could break and unbend both horseshoes and coins with his fists. He is perhaps best known as the hero of Ukraine's bard Taras Shevchenko's poem Ivan Pidkova (1840). Celebrated as a Ukrainian hero he led the Moldavian and Ukrainian struggle against Turkish domination. Most notably, led his famous Moldavian campaign in November 1577, due to which he temporarily took power in Moldavia.

Ataman
Ataman (variants: otaman, wataman, vataman; Russian: атаман, romanized: ataman; Ukrainian: отаман, romanized: otaman, German: Feldataman) was a title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. In the Russian Empire, the term was the official title of the supreme military commanders of the Cossack armies. The Ukrainian version of the same word is hetman. Otaman in Ukrainian Cossack forces was a position of a lower rank.
All-Winners Squad
The All-Winners Squad is a superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The company's first such team, it first appeared in All Winners Comics #19 (fall 1946), published by Marvel predecessor Timely Comics during the period fans and historians call the Golden Age of Comic Books.

While the cover title and in-book references to the team have no hyphen, Marvel's website version of The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Teams 2005 lists the team name as the hyphenated "All-Winners Squad",  as do the print version and independent sources.

First appearance
In comic books and other stories with a long history, first appearance refers to the first issue to feature a fictional character. These issues are often highly valued by collectors due to their rarity and iconic status.
1231 Auricula
1231 Auricula (prov. designation: 1931 TE2) is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers (12 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 10 October 1931, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory. The likely elongated C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.98 hours. It was named after the flowering plant auricula and indirectly honors astronomer Gustav Stracke.

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Lamecha Girma
Lamecha Girma (born 26 November 2000) is an Ethiopian middle- and long-distance runner who holds the world record in the 3,000 metres steeplechase. He is the 2020 Tokyo Olympic silver medallist in the steeplechase and won silver medals at the 2019, 2022 and 2023 World Athletics Championships. Girma is also the world record holder for the indoor 3,000 metres and won the silver medal at that distance at the 2022 World Indoor Championships. He is the Ethiopian national record holder for the 1500m.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics were held during the last ten days of the Games. They were due to be held from 31 July – 9 August 2020, at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan.  Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the games were postponed to 2021, with the track and field events set for 30 July – 8 August. The sport of athletics at these Games was split into three distinct sets of events: track and field events, remaining in Tokyo, and road running events and racewalking events, moved to Sapporo. A total of 48 events were held, one more than in 2016, with the addition of a mixed relay event.
East Leake
East Leake (/liːk/) is a large village and civil parish in the Rushcliffe district of Nottinghamshire, England, although its closest town and postal address is Loughborough in Leicestershire. Census data from 2021 shows that the village now has a population of 8,553. The village has always straddled the Sheepwash Brook. Kingston Brook also runs through the village. Near the centre of the village is the historic St. Mary's Church, built in the 11th century, which Sheepwash Brook flows past, and an old ford, which provided access to the pinfold. The church has six bells.

The Treaty of Leake was signed in 1318 by King Edward II and his baronial opponents.

British Gypsum, a plasterboard manufacturer, has its headquarters in the village. The mining of gypsum locally began from medieval times but modern operations began in 1914, with manufacturing of plasterboard starting in 1917.

BPB plc
BPB Ltd (formerly BPB plc) (British Plaster Board) was a British building materials business. It was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index until 2005, when company was purchased by Saint-Gobain of France.
August Thyssen
August Thyssen  (German: [ˈaʊɡʊst ˈtʏsn̩]; 17 May 1842 – 4 April 1926) was a German industrialist, founder and controlling shareholder of Thyssen & Co (presently ThyssenKrupp). He was a prominent member of the Thyssen family.

ThyssenKrupp
ThyssenKrupp AG (/ˈtɪsən.krʊp/, German: [ˌtʏsn̩ˈkʁʊp]) is a German industrial engineering and steel production company. It resulted from the 1999 merger of Thyssen AG and Krupp and has its operational headquarters in Duisburg and Essen. The company says that it is one of the largest steel producers in the world, and it was ranked tenth-largest worldwide by revenue in 2015.  It is divided into 670 subsidiaries worldwide. The largest shareholders are the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation and Cevian Capital. ThyssenKrupp's products range from machines  and industrial services to high-speed trains, elevators, and shipbuilding. The subsidiary ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems also manufactures frigates, corvettes, and submarines for the German and other navies.
Baltimore Labor College
The Baltimore Labor College (c. 1919 – c. 1931) of Baltimore, Maryland, was an early 20th-century college, school, and enterprise for workers' education within the State of Maryland.  Its president was Polish-born ILGWU organizer William Ross (b. 1899).

International Ladies Garment Workers Union
The International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) was a labor union for employees in the women's clothing industry in the United States. It was one of the largest unions in the country, one of the first to have a primarily female membership, and a key player in the labor history of the 1920s and 1930s. The union, generally referred to as the "ILGWU" or the "ILG", merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union in the 1990s to form the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). UNITE merged with the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union (HERE) in 2004 to become UNITE HERE. The two unions that formed UNITE in 1995 represented 250,000 workers between them, down from the ILGWU's peak membership of 450,000 in 1969.

The union published its official newspaper, Justice, in Jersey City, New Jersey.
Saul Wahl
Saul Wahl Katzenellenbogen (1541–1617) was a wealthy and politically influential Polish Jew who is in Jewish folk legends said to have briefly occupied the throne of Poland on 18 August 1587. He has historically borne the nickname, "Le roi d'un jour" (king for a day).

Saul's father was Samuel Judah Katzenellenbogen. Wahl married Deborah Rivkah Drucker, granddaughter of Israel ben Josef and niece of Moses Isserles, with whom he had thirteen children, including the renowned Polish rabbi Meir and Henele Wahl Katzenallenbogen, wife of Ephraim Zalman Shor.

Pro tempore
Pro tempore (/ˌproʊ ˈtɛmpəri, -ˌreɪ/), abbreviated pro tem or p.t., is a Latin phrase which best translates to 'for the time being' in English. This phrase is often used to describe a person who acts as a locum tenens 'placeholder'. The phrase is also used to describe officers appointed on a temporary basis, prior to the formalisation of their appointments.
Angerme
Angerme (アンジュルム, Anjurumu), formerly Smileage (スマイレージ, Sumairēji; stylized as S/mileage, from 2009–2015), is a Japanese idol girl group from the musical collective Hello! Project, which originally consisted of four former Hello! Pro Egg (Hello! Project trainees) members that left Egg in 2010 and became full-time members of Hello! Project. In 2010, they won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist. In 2011, five new girls were added to the group as part of the second generation, with two being former Egg members and three new girls. In 2014, three new members joined the group as third generation members.

Since the formation of Angerme, there have been twelve generations and seventeen departures. As of August 16, 2025, the total number of members of the group stands at nine members.

Japan Record Awards
The Japan Record Awards (日本レコード大賞, Nihon Rekōdo Taishō) is a major music awards show, held annually in Japan that recognizes outstanding achievements in the Japan Composer's Association. Established in 1959, the Japan Record Awards are one of the oldest and most prestigious music awards in the country.

Until 2005, the show aired on New Year's Eve, but has since aired every December 30 on TBS Japan at 6:30 pm JST and is hosted by many announcers. Exile holds the record for most Grand Prix wins, with four awards.
Colin Lynes
Colin Lynes (born 26 November 1977) is a British former professional boxer who competed from 1998 to 2017. He held the International Boxing Organization super lightweight title from 2004 to 2005. At regional level, he held the British super lightweight title in 2007; the European Boxing Union European super lightweight title from 2007 to 2008; and the British welterweight title from 2011 to 2012.

European Boxing Union
The European Boxing Union (EBU), formerly known as the International Boxing Union (IBU), is a pan-European governing body that sanctions championship bouts in professional boxing. The EBU governs the EBU European Championship, in addition to their EBU EU Championship for competitors from within the European Union and the EBU EE Championship for those outside the European Union. It is a federation affiliated with the World Boxing Council (WBC).

During most of the 20th century and, particularly, during start of the century, the EBU recognized many world title fights as the IBU. It competed against the American-based National Boxing Association (NBA), which staged the more high profile world title fights.
Sidetone
Sidetone is audible feedback to someone speaking or otherwise producing sound as an indication of active transmission. Sidetone is introduced by some communications circuits and anti-sidetone circuitry is used to control its level.

Sidetone is expected behavior for telephone systems. Absence of sidetone can cause users to believe the call has been dropped or cause them to speak loudly. Too much sidetone can cause users to speak softly.

Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause and effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to feed back into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled carefully when applied to feedback systems:

Simple causal reasoning about a feedback system is difficult because the first system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect tricky, and it is necessary to analyze the system as a whole. As provided by Webster, feedback in business is the transmission of evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process to the original or controlling source.
Pleuratus III
Pleuratus III (Ancient Greek: Πλευρᾶτος; ruled c. 205 – 181 BC) was a ruler of the Illyrian kingdom under the Labeatan dynasty. He was the son of Scerdilaidas. Pleuratus continued his father's pro-Roman policy even more decidedly, so much that his loyalty to Rome was well known, even to other dynasts. He managed to extend the boundaries of the Illyrian State in the south when he was rewarded land annexed by Philip V of Macedon. He became one of the most prominent Illyrian kings of the time all because of his loyalty to the Romans. Pleuratus was succeeded by his son Gentius, who was the last Illyrian king.

Philip V of Macedon
Philip V (Greek: Φίλιππος, romanized: Philippos; 238 BC – 179 BC) was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon from 221 to 179 BC. Philip's reign was principally marked by the Social War in Greece (220-217 BC) and a struggle with the emerging power of the Roman Republic. He would lead Macedon against Rome in the First (212-205 BC) and Second (200-196 BC) Macedonian Wars. While he lost the latter, Philip later allied with Rome against Antiochus III in the Roman-Seleucid War. He died in 179 BC from illness after efforts to recover the military and economic condition of Macedonia and passed the throne onto his elder son, Perseus of Macedon.
Fabrizio Larini
Fabrizio Larini (born 31 March 1953, in Parma) is an Italian former footballer who has served as Sporting Director of Novara Calcio since November 2013. He played as a midfielder.

After beginning his playing career in the youth system of Internazionale, Larini made numerous appearances in the second and third tiers of Italian football, including five seasons in Serie B (four with Palermo and one with SPAL), and spells in the third tier with Solbiatese, Trento, Cremonese, Parma and Reggiana. He played as a midfielder.

Larini was sporting director of Udinese from 2010 to 2013, and took up the equivalent post with Novara in November 2013.

Novara FC
Novara Football Club, commonly referred to as Novara, is an Italian football club based in Novara, Piedmont.

The club was founded in 2021 by the City of Novara to replace old Novara Calcio that lost its professional status.
First government of Juanma Moreno
The first government of Juanma Moreno was formed on 22 January 2019, following the latter's election as President of the Regional Government of Andalusia by the Parliament of Andalusia on 16 January and his swearing-in on 18 January, as a result of the People's Party (PP) and Citizens (Cs) being able to muster a majority of seats in the Parliament with external support from Vox following the 2018 Andalusian regional election. It succeeded the second Díaz government and was the Regional Government of Andalusia from 22 January 2019 to 26 July 2022, a total of 1,281 days, or 3 years, 6 months and 4 days.

The cabinet comprised members of the PP and Cs, as well as a number of independents proposed by both parties. It was automatically dismissed on 20 June 2022 as a consequence of the 2022 regional election, but remained in acting capacity until the next government was sworn in.

President of the Regional Government of Andalusia
The president of the Regional Government of Andalusia (Spanish: Presidente de la Junta de Andalucía) or, simply the president of Andalusia (Spanish: Presidente de Andalucía), is the premier of the devolved government of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia. The presidency is one of the three branches of the Regional Government of Andalusia (Junta de Andalucía), the institution whereby the government of the community is organized. The other two branches of are the Parliament of Andalusia and the Council of Government.

The current president of Andalusia is Juanma Moreno of the PP, who has held the office since 18 January  2019.
Ponca Restoration Act 1990
The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska Restoration Act (Public Law 101-484) is a United States federal law enacted on October 31, 1990, that restored federal recognition to the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska. The act reversed the Tribe's termination, which had been carried out in 1962 by the Federal government of the United States as part of the Indian termination policy to assimilate Native Americans. With the enactment of this legislation, the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska was restored to federal recognition as a sovereign Tribal nation, qualifying for federal programs and services, and reaffirming the right to self governance.

Tribe (Native American)
In the United States, an American Indian tribe, Native American tribe, Alaska Native village, Indigenous tribe, or Tribal nation may be any current or historical tribe, band, or nation of Native Americans in the United States. Modern forms of these entities are often associated with land or territory of an Indian reservation. "Federally recognized Indian tribe" is a legal term in United States law with a specific meaning.

A Native American tribe recognized by the United States government possesses tribal sovereignty, a "domestic dependent, sovereign nation" status with the U.S. federal government that is similar to that of a state in some situations, and that of a nation in others, holding a government-to-government relationship with the federal government of the United States.
Spiru Haret
Spiru C. Haret (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈspiru haˈret]; 15 February 1851 – 17 December 1912) was a Romanian mathematician, astronomer, and politician. He made a fundamental contribution to the n-body problem in celestial mechanics by proving that using a third degree approximation for the disturbing forces implies instability of the major axes of the orbits, and by introducing the concept of secular perturbations in relation to this.

As a politician, during his three terms as Minister of Education, Haret ran deep reforms, building the modern Romanian education system. He was made a full member of the Romanian Academy in 1892.

He also founded the Bucharest Astronomical Observatory, appointing Nicolae Coculescu as its first director. The crater Haret on the Moon is named after him.

Education minister
An education minister (sometimes minister of education) is a position in the governments of some countries responsible for dealing with educational matters. Where known, the government department, ministry, or agency that develops policy and delivers services relating to sports are listed; overseen by and responsible to the education minister. The first such ministry ever is considered to be the Commission of National Education (Polish: Komisja Edukacji Narodowej, Lithuanian: Edukacinė komisija) founded in 1773 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Hermitage at Schaelsberg
The hermitage at Schaelsberg (Dutch: kluis op de Schaelsberg, Limburgish: kloes op de Sjaatsberg) is a monumental hermitage in Schin op Geul, in the municipality of Valkenburg aan de Geul, Netherlands. Built in 1688 for the lords of nearby Schaloen Castle, the chapel and attached living space, housed a succession of 16 hermits from its foundation until 1930. The chapel and nearby Stations of the Cross, added in 1843, are a national monument. Since 1758 a yearly procession, the Sjaasbergergank, is held to the hermitage, and this procession is listed as national intangible cultural heritage. Located in a tourist area of South Limburg, it is a popular tourist attraction.

Intangible cultural heritage
Intangible cultural heritage (ICH)—as opposed to a place's tangible cultural heritage, cultural properties such as historic sites, monuments, and artefacts—comprises manifestations of intellectual wealth such as customs, beliefs, traditions, folklore, language, and knowledge, as expressed in particular through craftsmanship and performance.

Responding to the perceived over-representation of Western Europe among World Heritage Sites, to help valorize cultural diversity, and following on from earlier related measures in Japan (1950) and in South Korea (1962), in 2001, UNESCO made a survey among states and NGOs to try to agree on a definition, and the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage was drafted in 2003 for its protection and promotion.
Fabrizio Ravanelli
Fabrizio Ravanelli (Italian pronunciation: [faˈbrittsjo ravaˈnɛlli]; born 11 December 1968) is an Italian football manager and former international player.

A former striker, Ravanelli started and ended his playing career at hometown club Perugia, and also played for Middlesbrough, Juventus and Marseille. He won trophies with Juventus including a Serie A championship in 1995 and a Champions League in 1996 where he scored in the final. In all, during his career he played with twelve clubs from four countries; his native Italy, England, France and Scotland. Nicknamed 'The White Feather', he earned 22 caps for the Italy national team, scoring 8 goals, and was a member of the Italian squad that took part at UEFA Euro 1996.

1996 UEFA Champions League final
The 1996 UEFA Champions League final was a football match played on 22 May 1996 between Ajax of the Netherlands and Juventus of Italy. The match ended in a 1–1 draw after extra time, forcing a penalty shoot-out, which Juventus won 4–2. It was the club's second triumph in the competition.
As of 2025, this is the last time a Dutch team appeared in a final.
Kotlina, Baranja
Kotlina (Hungarian: Sepse; Serbian Cyrillic: Котлина) is a settlement in the region of Baranja, Croatia. Administratively, it is located in the Kneževi Vinogradi municipality within the Osijek-Baranja County. The population is 334 people.

Baranya (region)
Baranya or Baranja (Croatian: Baranja, pronounced [bǎraɲa]; Hungarian: Baranya, pronounced [ˈbɒrɒɲɒ]) is a geographical and historical region between the Danube and the Drava rivers located in the Pannonian Plain. Its territory is divided between Hungary and Croatia. In Hungary, the region is included in Baranya county, while in Croatia, it is part of Osijek-Baranja county.
Tintara
Tintara is an Australian winery located in McLaren Vale, South Australia within the McLaren Vale wine region. The winery was established in 1861 and incorporated in the 1862 as the Tintara Vineyard Company by Alexander Kelly, a medical physician and winemaker who wrote the early Australian winemaking and viticultural text Winegrowing in Australia and The Vine in Australia. Several prominent figures in the early history of South Australia and McLaren Vale were initial investors in the winery including the founder of the University of Adelaide, Walter Watson Hughes, landowner Samuel Davenport and politician Thomas Elder. Today the winery holds the distinction of producing the oldest surviving bottle of Australian wine—an 1867 Tintara Vineyard claret. The Tintara wine earned the distinction when the previous record holder, an 1864 bottle of Pewsey Vale Cabernet Sauvignon, was accidentally broken by an office cleaner at Christie's auction house.

Bordeaux wine
Bordeaux wine (Occitan: vin de Bordèu; French: vin de Bordeaux) is produced in the Bordeaux region of southwest France, around the city of Bordeaux, on the Garonne River. To the north of the city, the Dordogne River joins the Garonne forming the broad estuary called the Gironde; the Gironde department, with a total vineyard area of 110,800 hectares, is the second largest wine-growing area in France behind the Languedoc-Rousillon.

Average vintages produce over 700 million bottles of wine, ranging from large quantities of daily table wine to some of the world's most expensive and prestigious wines. The vast majority of wine produced in Bordeaux is red (sometimes called "claret" in Britain), with sweet white wines (most notably Sauternes), dry whites, and (in much smaller quantities) rosé and sparkling wines (Crémant de Bordeaux) collectively making up the remainder. Bordeaux wine is made by more than 5,660 producers or châteaux. There are 65 appellations of Bordeaux wine.