hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oberwälder Land
The Oberwälder Land is a natural region in the extreme east of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia with small elements parts in Hesse and Lower Saxony. It consists of Muschelkalk upland, heavily dissected by the Nethe and its tributaries, between the Eggegebirge to the west, the Lippe Uplands to the north, the Weser Valley around Holzminden to the east, the West Hesse Depression to the southeast and the Warburg Börde to the south. This natural region is part of the upper Weser Uplands and hence the German Central Uplands.

Egge (Lower Saxon Hills)
The Egge Hills (German: Eggegebirge [ˈɛɡəɡəˌbɪʁɡə] ⓘ), or just the Egge ([ˈɛɡə] ⓘ) is a range of forested hills, up to 464 m above sea level (NN), in the east of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Pons Neronianus
The Pons Neronianus or Bridge of Nero was an ancient bridge in Rome built during the reign of the emperors Caligula or Nero to connect the western part of the Campus Martius with the Ager Vaticanus ("Vatican Fields"), where the imperial family owned land along the Via Cornelia.

Roman bridge
The ancient Romans were the first civilization to build large, permanent bridges. Early Roman bridges used techniques introduced by Etruscan immigrants, but the Romans improved those skills, developing and enhancing methods such as arches and keystones. There were three major types of Roman bridge: wooden, pontoon, and stone. Early Roman bridges were wooden, but by the 2nd century BC stone was being used. Stone bridges used the arch as their basic structure, and most used concrete, the first use of this material in bridge-building.
El malquerido
El malquerido is a 2015 biographical film directed by Venezuelan filmmaker Diego Rísquez, starring Jesús Miranda (Chyno Miranda) and  Greisy Mena. The film is based on the life of the Venezuelan bolero singer Felipe Pirela.

Chyno Miranda
Jesús Alberto Miranda Pérez (born 15 November 1984, in La Guaira), better known as Chyno Miranda, just Chino, or El Chino, is a Venezuelan singer and is part of the musical duo Chino & Nacho, in collaboration with Miguel Ignacio Mendoza Donatti (known as Nacho).
Richard W. Higgins
Richard W. Higgins (August 21, 1922 – April 5, 1957) was a jet pilot with the United States Army Air Forces (USAF). A member of the 7330th Flying Training Wing in Germany, Higgins died in an aircraft accident. He is cited as one of four exemplars of bravery in the history of the German Air Force.

Fürstenfeldbruck Air Base
Fürstenfeldbruck Air Base (German: "Fliegerhorst Fürstenfeldbruck" or "Flugplatz Fürstenfeldbruck") is a former German Air Force airfield near the town of Fürstenfeldbruck in Bavaria, near Munich, Germany.

Fürstenfeldbruck became famous first as the main training base for the German Luftwaffe during World War II, then as the site of the Munich massacre of nine Israeli athletes and coaches (two were killed earlier) and one German police officer at the 1972 Summer Olympics. Military flight operations ceased in 2003, a small civil flight operation ended in 2015. The adjacent barracks are still used by the German Air Force Officer Training School, which is to be relocated to Roth. In the eastern part of the former air base, the BMW Driving Academy Maisach was established.
Provincial Assembly of East Pakistan
The East Pakistan Provincial Assembly, known as the East Bengal Legislative Assembly between 1947 and 1955, was the provincial legislature of East Pakistan between 1947 and 1971. It was known as the East Bengal Assembly from 1947 to 1955 when the provincial name was changed. The legislature was a successor to the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly, which were divided between East Bengal and West Bengal during the partition of Bengal in 1947. It was the largest provincial legislature in Pakistan. Elections were held only twice in 1954 and 1970.

During the Bangladesh War of Independence in 1971, most Bengali members elected to the Pakistani National Assembly and the East Pakistani provincial assembly became members of the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh.

Bengal Legislative Assembly
The Bengal Legislative Assembly (Bengali: বঙ্গীয় আইনসভা) was the largest legislature in British India, serving as the lower chamber of the legislature of Bengal (now Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal). It was established under the Government of India Act 1935. The assembly played an important role in the final decade of undivided Bengal. The Leader of the House was the Prime Minister of Bengal. The assembly's lifespan covered the anti-feudal movement of the Krishak Praja Party, the period of World War II, the Lahore Resolution, the Quit India movement, suggestions for a United Bengal and the partition of Bengal and partition of British India.

Many notable speeches were delivered by Bengali statesmen in this assembly. The records of the assembly's proceedings are preserved in the libraries of the Parliament of Bangladesh and the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.
Charles Bouchard
Lieutenant General Joseph Jacques Charles "Charlie" Bouchard (born 1956) OC CMM MSC CD is a retired Royal Canadian Air Force general.  He has served as Commander of 1 Canadian Air Division / Canadian NORAD Region, the Deputy Commander of North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) and Deputy Commander of Allied Joint Force Command Naples.  On 25 March 2011, Bouchard was named Commander of the NATO military mission in Libya.

NORAD
The North American Aerospace Defense Command (commonly abbreviated to NORAD /ˈnɔːræd/ NΟR-ad; French: Commandement de la défense aérospatiale de l'Amérique du Nord; CDAAN) is a bi-national mutual defense organization in Canada and the United States. Established 12 September 1957 as the North American Air Defense Command, NORAD is headquartered at Peterson Space Force Base in Colorado, which also serves as the headquarters of United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM).

During World War II, Canada contacted the United States for protection from Nazi aggression. Later, during the beginning of the Cold War, the U.S. and Canada formed a permanent military alliance.

NORAD has three regions: the Alaskan region, the Canadian region, and the American Continental region. The administrative offices are located in New Mexico and Arizona. NORAD has an alternate command center called Cheyenne Mountain Complex in Colorado. NORAD has a total of 1,000 soldiers, personnel and military dependents.
Sir Samuel Hood, 1st Baronet
Vice-Admiral Sir Samuel Hood, 1st Baronet, KB (27 November 1762 – 24 December 1814) was a Royal Navy officer and politician who served as a Member of Parliament for Westminster in 1806. He is not to be confused with his father's first cousin Admiral Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood (1724–1816) who sponsored both him and his elder brother Captain Alexander Hood (1758–1798) into the Royal Navy.

Vice-admiral (Royal Navy)
A vice-admiral (VAdm) is a flag officer rank of the Royal Navy and equates to the NATO rank code OF-8. It is immediately superior to the rear admiral rank and is subordinate to the full admiral rank.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is lieutenant-general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air marshal.
Low Newton, Cumbria
Low Newton (originally Nether Newton) is a hamlet in the Westmorland and Furness Unitary Authority, in the county of Cumbria, England and in the Lake District also commonly known as The Lakes. It was on the A590 road until along with its neighbour High Newton a bypass was built, opening on Tuesday 8 April 2008.

Nearby settlements include the town of Grange-over-Sands, the villages of Lindale, High Newton, Cartmel and Newby Bridge and the hamlets of Barber Green, Ayside and High Hampsfield.

The hamlet contains two Grade: II Listed Buildings, probably from the 18th Century, Fell Cottage and East View (see English Heritage).

There is one Bed & Breakfast, Ellenboro House B&B, situated in a traditional 19th Century Lake District house.

Yew Tree Barn houses architectural & interior antiques, whilst The Gallery has high quality art and design-led crafts, gifts and interiors, along with artisan studios.

Blackheath Moss Beck runs through the hamlet, starting south of High Newton.

Grange-over-Sands
Grange-over-Sands is a town and civil parish on the north side of Morecambe Bay in Cumbria, England, a few miles south of the Lake District National Park. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 4,114, increasing at the 2021 census to 4,279.
Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, the town became administered as an urban district in 1894. Though the town remains part of the Duchy of Lancaster, since 2023 it has been administered as part of the Westmorland and Furness Council area.

Travelling by road, Grange-over-Sands is 13.1 miles (21.1 km) to the south of Kendal, 14.9 miles (24.0 km) to the east of Ulverston, 25 miles (40 km) to the east of Barrow-in-Furness and 28.1 miles (45.2 km) to the north of Lancaster.
Gate to the Northwest Passage
Gate to the Northwest Passage is a 1980 sculpture by Alan Chung Hung, located adjacent to the Vancouver Maritime Museum in Vanier Park in the Kitsilano neighborhood of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The 4.6-metre (15 ft) sculpture of a square, cut and twisted "like a paper clip" to form an arch, is composed of weathered Corten steel that rusts to provide a protective layer. The work was installed in 1980 to commemorate the arrival of Captain George Vancouver in Burrard Inlet, following a competition sponsored by Parks Canada one year prior. Gate to the Northwest Passage received an adverse reaction initially, but reception has improved over time. The sculpture has been included in walking tours of the surrounding neighborhoods as a highlight of Vanier Park.

Vanier Park
Vanier Park is a municipal park located in the Kitsilano neighbourhood of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, created in 1967. It is home to the Museum of Vancouver, the Vancouver Maritime Museum, the City of Vancouver Archives, and the H.R. MacMillan Space Centre. It is also the site of the ancestral Squamish settlement of Sen̓áḵw.
Protector Shoal
Protector Shoal is the shallowest point of the Protector Seamounts, a group of submarine volcanoes in the Southern Ocean. They are part of the South Sandwich island arc, a volcanic arc that has given rise to the South Sandwich Islands. Protector Shoal reaches a depth of 55 metres (180 ft) below sea level and is part of a larger group of seamounts that formed atop a larger ridge. Some of these seamounts bear traces of sector collapses, and one is capped by nested calderas.

The seamount erupted in 1962, probably during March, and produced a large pumice raft that was swept by ocean currents around Antarctica. Various islands near to or in the Southern Ocean, such as Australia and New Zealand, have had Protector Shoal pumice wash up on their coastlines. Pumice attributed to this eruption has been recovered as far as Hawaii. There have been no eruptions since, but there is ongoing seismicity and underwater hydrothermal venting.

Sector collapse
A sector collapse or lateral collapse is the structural failure and subsequent collapse of a minimum volume of 1 km3 (0.24 cu mi) of a volcano. Unlike smaller flank collapses, a sector collapse can involve the central volcanic pipe and historically this term had been restricted by some writers to such events in arc stratovolcanoes, but is now used for large events in any volcano. Sector collapses are one of the most hazardous volcanic events, often resulting in lateral blasts, landslides, and changes in volcanic eruptive behavior. Sector collapse can be caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, gradual volcanic deformation, and other processes. Sector collapse events can occur on volcanoes at convergent and divergent plate boundaries. Sector collapses are generally very sudden; however, some attempts have been made to predict collapse events.
Delta12-fatty acid dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a Delta12-fatty acid dehydrogenase (EC 1.14.99.33) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

linoleate + 2AH + O2  crepenynate + 2A + H2O

where AH is either NADH or NADPH.

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are linoleate, 2AH, and O2, whereas its 3 products are crepenynate, 2A, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derive from O miscellaneous.

This enzyme participates in linoleic acid metabolism.

Linoleic acid
Linoleic acid (LA) is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH. Both alkene groups (−CH=CH−) are cis. It is a fatty acid sometimes denoted 18:2 (n−6) or 18:2 cis-9,12. A linoleate is a salt or ester of this acid.

Linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated, omega−6 fatty acid. It is a colorless liquid that is virtually insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents. It typically occurs in nature as a triglyceride (ester of glycerin) rather than as a free fatty acid. It is one of two essential fatty acids for humans, who must obtain it through their diet, and the most essential, because the body uses it as a base to make the others.

The word "linoleic" derives from Latin  linum 'flax' and  oleum 'oil', reflecting the fact that it was first isolated from linseed oil.
Juma Kaseja
Juma Kaseja Juma (born 20 April 1985) is a Tanzanian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Kinondoni Municipal Council F.C (KMC FC). He is also a member of the Tanzania national team. Kaseja initially competed with Simba leaving the club shortly after the season's conclusion. In his early years, he played with the Makongo Dar es Salaam and Serengeti Boys junior teams. Kaseja later registered with Moro United in 2000.

Moro United F.C.
Moro United F.C. is a Tanzanian football club based in Morogoro.

They last played in the top level of Tanzanian professional football, the Tanzanian Premier League, during the 2011/12 season.

Their home games are played at Jamhuri Stadium.
The "Pretty Little Lightning Paw" E.P.
The "Pretty Little Lightning Paw" E.P. is an EP by Thee Silver Mt. Zion Memorial Orchestra & Tra-La-La Band under the name Thee Silver Mountain Reveries. It was released May 2004 on Constellation Records. The name the band assumed for this EP was temporary; they have since reverted to using Thee Silver Mt. Zion Memorial Orchestra.

Many of the band members switched instruments for this recording. For example, Sophie Trudeau, who usually plays violin, plays bass guitar. Ian Ilavsky, usually one of the band's guitarists, plays drums. When recording was complete, the EP was played on a boombox and rerecorded from that, giving it a rough sound.

On the track, "There's a River in the Valley Made of Melting Snow", the Hebrew lyric, "baruch atta adonai" (ברוך אתה אדוני), means "bless the Lord".

Constellation Records (Canada)
Constellation Records is a Canadian independent record label based in Montreal, Quebec. It has released albums by many post-rock bands, including Godspeed You! Black Emperor, Thee Silver Mt. Zion Memorial Orchestra & Tra-La-La Band and Do Make Say Think.
Joseph Conforte
Joseph Conforte (December 10, 1925 – March 4, 2019) was an Italian-born legal brothel owner, professional boxing promoter, restaurateur, and philanthropist. Known primarily for owning and operating the Mustang Ranch in Sparks, Nevada, he fled from the United States to Brazil in order to evade the FBI and lived there for the rest of his life.

Sparks, Nevada
Sparks is a city in Washoe County, Nevada, United States. It was founded in 1904, incorporated on March 15, 1905, and is located just east of Reno. As of the 2020 census, Sparks had a population of 108,445. It is the fifth most populous city in Nevada. It is named after John Sparks, Nevada governor (1903–1908), and a member of the Silver Party.

Sparks is located within the Reno–Sparks metropolitan area.
Juracimbrophlebia
Juracimbrophlebia is an extinct genus of hangingflies that lived during the Middle Jurassic Period about 165 million years ago, containing only its type species, Juracimbrophlebia ginkgofolia; it was discovered in deposits from Daohugou in northeastern China’s Inner Mongolia.

The insect was selected by the International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University as one of the Top 10 New Species discovered in 2012 out of more than 140 nominated species. The uniqueness is its striking resemblance to the fossilized leaves with which it was discovered, indicating one of the earliest known instances of biological mimicry. The selection was announced on 22 May 2013.

Haifanggou Formation
The Haifanggou Formation (simplified Chinese: 海房沟组; traditional Chinese: 海房溝組; pinyin: Hǎifánggōu zǔ), also known as the Jiulongshan Formation (simplified Chinese: 九龙山组; traditional Chinese: 九龍山組; pinyin: Jiǔlóngshān zǔ), is a fossil-bearing rock deposit located near Daohugou (simplified Chinese: 道虎沟; traditional Chinese: 道虎溝) village of Ningcheng County, in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China.

The formation consists of coarse conglomerates, sandstone, mudstone, and thin coal layers deposited in deltaic and lacustrine environments.

The formation dates to the Callovian of the Middle Jurassic to the Oxfordian of the Late Jurassic.

The most prominent locality of the Haifanggou Formation are the Daohugou Beds, located near the village of Daohugou in southeastern Inner Mongolia. Other localities include Wuhuaxigou, Chentaizi, Jiangzhangzi, Wubaiding, Guancaishan, Haifenggou, Fanzhangzi, and Zhuanshanzi.
Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metres
The men's 200 metres event at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place on 3 and 4 August 2021 at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan. 48 athletes from 33 nations competed, including five universality places (one universality place was used in 2016). Canada earned its first gold medal in the event since 1928 and third overall, as Andre De Grasse added gold to his 2016 silver to become the 12th man to earn multiple medals in the 200 metres. Kenneth Bednarek and Noah Lyles, both of the United States, took silver and bronze as Americans reached the podium for the first time since 2008 (where they coincidentally also won two medals: a silver, and a bronze). Jamaica's three-Games gold medal streak in the event ended, with Usain Bolt having retired.

Kenny Bednarek
Kenneth Bednarek OLY (born October 14, 1998) is an American track and field sprinter from Rice Lake, Wisconsin. He specializes in the 100-meter and 200-meter distance, having won a silver medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics, 2022 World Championships, and at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
Maggie O'Farrell
Maggie O'Farrell FRSL (born 1972) is a novelist from Northern Ireland. Her acclaimed first novel, After You'd Gone, won the Betty Trask Award and a later one, The Hand That First Held Mine, the 2010 Costa Novel Award. She has twice been shortlisted since for the Costa Novel Award for Instructions for a Heatwave in 2014 and This Must Be The Place in 2017.  Her memoir I Am, I Am, I Am: Seventeen Brushes with Death reached the top of the Sunday Times bestseller list. Her novel Hamnet won the Women's Prize for Fiction in 2020, the fiction prize at the 2020 National Book Critics Circle Awards. O'Farrell co-adapted the book for the screen with Chloé Zhao in 2025, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for her work on the film.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Pascal Ballade
Pascal Ballade, also known as P. Ballade, (April 6, 1839 – December 1, 1904)  was an American businessman in Los Angeles, California, and a member of the Los Angeles Common Council, the city's governing body.

He was the owner of the historic Pico House during the late 19th century, now in the El Pueblo de Los Ángeles Historical Monument.

Los Angeles Common Council
The Los Angeles Common Council was the predecessor of the Los Angeles, California, City Council. It was formed in 1850 under state law, when the city had only 1,610 residents, and it existed until 1889, when the city had about 50,400 residents and a city charter was put into effect. It succeeded the council of the Ciudad de Los Angeles.

From 1850 through 1869, council members were elected at large under a first-past-the-post voting system, in which the top vote-getters were seated. From 1870 they were elected by electoral districts called wards.
William MacDiarmid
William Burton MacDiarmid (23 May 1875 – 13 May 1947) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Athol, Ontario and became a physician by career.

MacDiarmid graduated from McGill University where he received his medical degree (MDCM). He became a Health Officer in the communities of Maxville and Roxborough Township.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Glengarry riding in the 1940 general election and re-elected in 1945. MacDiarmid resigned on 22 June 1945 to allow William Lyon Mackenzie King to campaign for and hold the riding in a by-election after King had suffered personal defeat in the general election in his riding of Prince Albert. MacDiarmid died unexpectedly on 13 May 1947 at his residence in Maxville due to heart failure.

North Glengarry
North Glengarry is a township in eastern Ontario, Canada, in the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry. It is a predominantly rural area located between Ottawa-Gatineau, Montreal and Cornwall.
Phosphorus monoxide
Phosphorus monoxide is an unstable radical inorganic compound with molecular formula PO.

Phosphorus monoxide is notable as one of the few molecular compounds containing phosphorus that has been detected outside of Earth. Other phosphorus containing molecules found in space include PN, PC, PC2, HCP and PH3. It was detected in the circumstellar shell of VY Canis Majoris and in the star forming region catalogued as AFGL 5142. The compound has been found to have been initially produced in star-forming regions, and speculated to be carried by interstellar comets throughout outer space, including to the early Earth.

Phosphorus monoxide plays a role in the phosphorescence of phosphorus.

Phosphine
Phosphine (IUPAC name: phosphane) is a colorless, flammable, highly toxic compound with the chemical formula PH3, classed as a pnictogen hydride. Pure phosphine is odorless, but technical grade samples have a highly unpleasant odor like rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphane (P2H4). With traces of P2H4 present, PH3 is spontaneously flammable in air (pyrophoric), burning with a luminous flame. Phosphine is a highly toxic respiratory poison, and is immediately dangerous to life or health at 50 ppm. Phosphine has a trigonal pyramidal structure.

Phosphines are compounds that include PH3 and the organophosphines, which are derived from PH3 by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms with organic groups. They have the general formula PH3−nRn. Phosphanes are saturated phosphorus hydrides of the form PnHn+2, such as triphosphane. Phosphine (PH3) is the smallest of the phosphines and the smallest of the phosphanes.