hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bill Gates Sr.
William Henry Gates II (November 30, 1925 – September 14, 2020), better known as Bill Gates Sr., was an American attorney, philanthropist, and civic leader. He was the founder of the law firm Shidler McBroom & Gates (a predecessor of K&L Gates), and also served as president of both the Seattle King County and Washington State Bar associations. He was the father of Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft.

Washington State Bar Association
The Washington State Bar Association (WSBA) is the state bar association of the U.S. state of Washington. It operates under the delegated authority of the Washington Supreme Court to license the state's nearly 41,000 active and inactive lawyers and other legal professionals. The WSBA's mission is to serve the public and the members of the Bar, to ensure the integrity of the legal profession, and to champion justice.
Mirza Hadi Beg
Mirza Hadi Beg (Persian: میرزا هادی بیگ; fl. 1530 CE) was an Indian nobleman and Qadi (Islamic judge) of Central Asian origin and a direct ancestor of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement. He migrated from Samarqand, in what is today Uzbekistan, to northern India and settled in the Punjab during the 16th century. Hadi Beg was a collateral kin of Babur, the founding emperor of the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent, but was not a Timurid.

Qadi
A qadi (/ˈkɑːdi/; Arabic: قاضي, romanized: qāḍī) is the magistrate or judge of a Sharia court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and minors, and supervision and auditing of public works.
Calciseptine
Calciseptine (CaS) is a natural neurotoxin isolated from the black mamba Dendroaspis p. polylepis venom. This toxin consists of 60 amino acids with four disulfide bonds. Calciseptine specifically blocks L-type calcium channels, but not other voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels such as N-type and T-type channels.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
SS Victoria (1907)
SS (RMS) Victoria was a packet steamer originally owned and operated by the South Eastern and Chatham Railway Company, who sold her to the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company in 1928 for the sum of £25,000 (equivalent to £1,902,608 in 2023).

Isle of Man Steam Packet Company
The Isle of Man Steam Packet Company Limited (abbreviated to IoMSPCo or, locally, The Steam Packet (Manx: Phaggad Bree Ellan Vannin)) is the oldest continuously operating passenger shipping company in the world, having been founded in 1830.

The company provides freight, passenger and vehicle services between the Isle of Man Sea Terminal, in Douglas, Isle of Man, and four ports in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It is owned by the Isle of Man Government.
Jaffna Central College
Jaffna Central College (Tamil: யாழ்ப்பாணம் மத்திய கல்லூரி Yāḻppāṇam Mattiya Kallūri, JCC) is a national school in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Founded in 1816 by British Methodist missionaries, it is one of Sri Lanka's oldest schools.

National school (Sri Lanka)
A National school (Sinhala: ජාතික පාසල, Jathika Pasala, Tamil: தேசியப் பாடசாலை) in Sri Lanka is a school that is funded and administered by the Ministry of Education of the central government as opposed to Provincial schools run by the local provincial council. These schools provide secondary education (some including collegiate), with some providing primary education as well. The classification began in 1985, with 18 schools being designated as national schools. Today, there are 396 National  Schools in country constituting 3 percent of total National and Provincial Schools.
Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais Regional County Municipality
Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais (French pronunciation: [le kɔlin də lutawɛ], "The hills of the Outaouais") is a regional county municipality in the Outaouais region of western Quebec, Canada. The region nearly encircles the City of Gatineau, which is to the south. Its administrative seat is in Chelsea, Quebec.

It was created in January 1991 when the Communauté régionale de l'Outaouais (Outaouais Regional Community) was split into Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM and the Communauté urbaine de l'Outaouais (Outaouais Urban Community, now City of Gatineau). The region is home to the majority of Gatineau Park. It is bisected by the Gatineau River which flows from north to south. The Ottawa River forms the southwestern boundary.

Gatineau
Gatineau (/ˈɡætɪnoʊ/ GAT-in-oh; French: [ɡatino] ⓘ) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, directly across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region of Quebec and is also part of Canada's National Capital Region. As of 2021, Gatineau is the fourth-largest city in Quebec with a population of 291,041. Gatineau is also part of the Ottawa-Gatineau census metropolitan area with a population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth largest in Canada.

Gatineau is coextensive with a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of the same name, whose geographical code is 81. It is the seat of the judicial district of Hull.

It is also the most bilingual (French-English) city in Canada.
Letton, West Herefordshire
Letton is a village and civil parish in west Herefordshire, England, and is approximately 11 miles (20 km) west-northwest from the city and county town of Hereford. The parish contains the village of Letton, the hamlet of Waterloo, and the farming hamlets of Hurstley and Kinley. The nearest towns are the market towns of Hay-on-Wye 7 miles (11 km) to the west, and Kington 7 miles to the north. Within Letton is the Grade I listed Church of St John the Baptist, and The Sturts nature reserve and Site of Special Scientific Interest.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
Lee Su-hyun
Lee Su-hyun (Korean: 이수현; born May 4, 1999), is a South Korean singer. Following her appearance on the SBS audition program K-pop Star 2 alongside her brother Lee Chan-hyuk, she debuted as the vocalist of the sibling duo AKMU on April 7, 2014, under YG Entertainment after winning the show. She was also part of the duo Hi Suhyun - formed in 2014 with Lee Hi. She debuted as a solo artist on October 16, 2020, with the digital single "Alien".

On television, she has appeared as a series regular on reality music programs including Begin Again as well as a judge on the audition program Superband. Lee also became a YouTuber through her channel, Leesuhyun, and a radio DJ for a KBS Cool FM show, AKMU Suhyun's Volume Up, where she received her first award at the 16th KBS Entertainment Awards for "Radio DJ Award". She has also sung original soundtracks for Korean television dramas including It's Okay to Not Be Okay, and the Disney live-action film Mulan.

Volume Up (radio show)
Volume Up (Korean: 볼륨을 높여요; RR: Bolryum-eul Nopyeoyo) is a South Korean radio show currently hosted by Hyojung on KBS Cool FM in Seoul and UKBS MUSIC DMB in the provinces, airing every day at 20:00–22:00 (KST). Known as the ruler of the dinner time the show became the highest-rated radio program in its time slot across both AM and FM bandwidths in Seoul. KBS 2FM was South Korea's No. 10 station. Popular for soft music playlist, a short soap opera segment called Lie to Me based on the 2011 TV drama of the same title and Yoo's "My Final Message".
Church of Saint James the Great (Estômbar)
The Church of Saint James the Great (Portuguese: Igreja de São Tiago Maior) is the principal church, in the civil parish of  Estômbar in the municipality of Lagoa in the Algarve. Situated in the heart of the town, the church was consecrated to the invocation of Saint James, son of Zebedee.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Shumi Maritsa
"Maritza/Maritsa Rushes", also known as the "Chernyaev March", was the Bulgarian national anthem from 1886 until 1947. The music was derived from the German folk song  Wenn die Soldaten durch die Stadt marschieren  that was popular in Bulgaria during the mid-19th century. The original text was written by Nikola Zhivkov, a head teacher in Veles (now in North Macedonia). The lyrics were edited many times, most notably in 1912 by the poet Ivan Vazov. The title refers to the Maritsa, a river in the Balkans.

Mikhail Chernyayev
Mikhail Grigoryevich Chernyaev (Russian: Михаил Григорьевич Черняев) (3 November / 22 October 1828 in Bender, Bessarabia Governorate – 16 August 1898) was a Russian major general, who, together with Konstantin Kaufman and Mikhail Skobelev, directed the Russian conquest of Central Asia during the reign of Tsar Alexander II.
Tulio de Oliveira
Tulio de Oliveira is a Brazilian, Portuguese, and South African permanent resident professor of bioinformatics at the University of KwaZulu-Natal and Stellenbosch University, South Africa, and associate professor of global health at the University of Washington. He has studied outbreaks of chikungunya, dengue, hepatitis B and C, HIV, SARS-CoV-2, yellow fever and Zika. During the COVID-19 pandemic he led the team that confirmed the discovery of the Beta variant of the COVID-19 virus in 2020 and the Omicron variant in 2021.

He gained fellowships to the University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, and the University of Edinburgh and in 2015 was appointed professor. In 2017, he founded the KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP) and in 2021 he founded the Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation (CERI), to sequence and trace epidemics.

University of KwaZulu-Natal
The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN; Zulu: INyuvesi yakwaZulu-Natali, Afrikaans: Universiteit van KwaZulu-Natal) is a public research university with five campuses in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. It was formed on 1 January 2004 after the merger between the University of Natal and the University of Durban-Westville.
Saudi law of antiquities museum and urban heritage
Saudi Arabia's Law of Antiquities, Museums and Urban Heritage, defines antiquities or archaeological sites as "movable or immovable, buried or submerged objects, which lie within the borders of the Kingdom and in maritime zones under its sovereignty or jurisdiction, which are built, made, produced, adapted, or drawn by man resulting in the formation of archaeological properties throughout the ages, including objects dating back to a recent period, provided they are not less than 100 years old. However, objects which are less than 100 years old may be considered by Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities (SCTA) as antiquities. Antiquities include historical and folk heritage sites and artifacts."

Saudi Arabia views cultural heritage as an essential component of its national identity, treating any loss to this important legacy as a loss of its treasured history. Saudi Arabia began enacting laws in 1964 to safeguard, develop, and preserve cultural heritage.

Ministry of Tourism (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Tourism (MoT; Arabic: وزارة السياحة, romanized: Wizārah al-Sīāḥah), before 2020 as the Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage (SCTH), until 2015 as the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities (SCTA) and prior to 2008 as the Supreme Commission for Tourism (SCT), is a government ministry in Saudi Arabia that is concerned with the tourism sector of the country. Established in the year 2000 through a royal decree by King Fahd, it was transformed into a ministry in 2020.
German submarine U-318
German submarine U-318 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 14 October 1942 by the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as yard number 318, launched on 25 September 1943, and commissioned on 13 November under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Josef Will.

She served with the 4th U-boat Flotilla for training, the 11th U-boat Flotilla from 1 August 1943 to 4 November 1944, the 13th flotilla from 5 November 1944 to 28 February 1945 and the 14th flotilla from 1 March to 8 May 1945 for operations.

She completed six patrols, but did not sink any ships.

She was a member of two wolfpacks.

The boat surrendered at Narvik in Norway on 9 May 1945. She was sunk on 21 December 1945 as part of Operation Deadlight.

Operation Deadlight
Operation Deadlight was the code name for the Royal Navy operation of November 1945 – February 1946 to scuttle German U-boats surrendered to the Allies after the defeat of Germany near the end of World War II. After the surrender, political discussions continued between the Allies concerning the final disposal of the surviving German naval vessels, the result of which was an agreement to retain 30 U-boats in total, to be divided equally between the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union. The remainder would be scuttled.
Knesset building
The Knesset building (Hebrew: משכן הכנסת) is the seat of the Knesset, which is the legislature of Israel. The building is situated in Kiryat HaMemshala, a government complex in Jerusalem, and was built between 1958 and 1966. The exterior was designed by German architect Ossip Klarwein, while the interior was designed by Dora Gad.

The Knesset building has six stories, housing the Knesset's Plenum, as well as the offices of its committees, departments, and legislators. The compound also contains the Knesset Library and the Chagall Lounge. The Knesset was expanded twice, with southern and eastern wings being added in later years. The building currently stands at 50,000 square feet.

Kiryat HaMemshala
Kiryat HaMemshala (Hebrew: קרית הממשלה, lit. 'Government complex'), also known as Kiryat Ben-Gurion (Hebrew: קריית בן-גוריון, lit. 'Ben-Gurion complex'), is the government precinct of the State of Israel. It is located in the Givat Ram neighborhood of Jerusalem.
Fujifilm FinePix S5200
The Fujifilm FinePix S5200 (known in Europe as S5600) is a bridge digital camera made by Fujifilm. The camera's original MSRP was USD $285.

The camera was introduced by Fuji on July 28, 2005. It was awarded the title of best zoom camera for 2006/2007 by the EISA.

The Fujifilm S5200 was primarily targeted at the power-user photographers in Australia, Europe and the United States. It was superseded by the S5700.

The camera's features were fairly impressive at launch including a 10x optical zoom, a 5.1-megapixel CCD imaging sensor as well as a host of manual settings.

The manual settings which the s5200 featured allow much control over the image, such settings like TTL metering, ISO, flash, Macro, White Balance and Red Eye Reduction could be manipulated.

Fujifilm
Fujifilm Holdings Corporation (富士フイルムホールディングス株式会社, Fuji-fuirumu Hōrudingusu kabushiki gaisha), trading as Fujifilm (富士フイルム, Fuji-fuirumu), or simply Fuji, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, operating in the areas of photography, optics, office and medical electronics, biotechnology, and chemicals.

The company started as a manufacturer of photographic films, which it still produces. Fujifilm products include document solutions, medical imaging and diagnostics equipment, cosmetics, pharmaceutical drugs, regenerative medicine, stem cells, biologics manufacturing, magnetic tape data storage, optical films for flat-panel displays, optical devices, photocopiers, printers, digital cameras, color films, color paper, photofinishing and graphic arts equipment and materials.

Fujifilm is part of the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group financial conglomerate (keiretsu).
De Keetmolen, Ede
De Keetmolen (The Shack Mill) is a windmill in Ede, Netherlands.  According to the inscription under the sails and the sign at the entrance, the mill was built in 1750. This is incorrect; according to municipal records, the building permit issued in 1856 stated that the mill should be built within two years. The mill was opened in 1858.

The current name of the mill comes from a shack that stood alongside the mill from 1845 to 1878, used in the construction of the Arnhem-Utrecht-Barneveld railway to Ede. The shack later served as a temporary station building.

The windmill is listed as a protected structure under rijksmonument number 14468.

De Keetmolen can in principle be visited every Thursday from 10:00 a.m. to 16:30 p.m.

Ede, Netherlands
Ede (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈeːdə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. As of 22 November 2024, municipality had  123,532 inhabitants, and as of 1 January 2023 the city had 79,435 inhabitants .
Ballyglunin railway station
Ballyglunin railway station (Irish: Stáisiún traenach Bhéal Átha Glúinín) is a disused railway station close to the village of Ballyglunin in County Galway. Closed in 1976, the station building is a protected structure which is known for its association with the 1952 film, The Quiet Man.

Conservation in the Republic of Ireland
Conservation in the Republic of Ireland is overseen by a number of statutory and non-governmental agencies, including those with responsibility for conservation of the built environment and conservation of the natural environment in Ireland. Conservation has sometimes been a contentious issue, with debates impacting its progress since the 1960s. Concrete initiatives are sometimes driven by European Union (EU) heritage protection and environmental policies, including EU environmental law, which – as a member – the Irish government is obliged to adopt and implement.
Gonzo (Muppet)
Gonzo is a Muppet character from the sketch comedy television series The Muppet Show, known for his eccentric passion for stunt performance. Aside from his trademark enthusiasm for performance art, another defining trait of Gonzo is the ambiguity of his species, which has become a running gag in the franchise. He has been considered to be of various origins, including a Frackle in his debut appearance in special The Great Santa Claus Switch (1970), an extraterrestrial in Muppets from Space (1999) or an avian creature.

Developed and performed by Dave Goelz, Gonzo made his first appearance in The Great Santa Claus Switch, as the "Cigar Box Frackle". Originally introduced as a minor character in The Muppet Show, he soon evolved into one of the franchise's primary characters. Gonzo has appeared in every Muppet film, including The Muppet Christmas Carol (1992), where he portrayed author Charles Dickens and developed a double act with Rizzo the Rat.

Stunt performer
A stunt performer, often called a stuntman or stuntwoman and occasionally stuntperson or stunt-person, is a trained professional who performs daring acts, often as a career. Stunt performers usually appear in films or on television, as opposed to a daredevil, who performs for a live audience. When they take the place of another actor, they are known as stunt doubles.
International Federation for Learning, Education, and Training Systems Interoperability
The International Federation for Learning, Education, and Training Systems Interoperability (LETSI) is an international nonprofit organization focused on enabling technical interoperability for computer-based learning, education, and training systems. Comprising e-learning vendors, adopters, standards bodies, associations, and policy makers, LETSI's primary activity is to support the adoption of open software standards in learning systems. The LETSI community formed around an international planning effort for the next generation of the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM), which was originally created by the U.S. Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative. LETSI was founded in March 2008 to serve the international SCORM community.

Advanced Distributed Learning
The Advanced Digital Learning (ADL) Initiative is a US government program that conducts research and development on distributed learning and coordinates related efforts broadly across public and private organizations. ADL reports to the Defense Human Resources Activity (DHRA), under the Director, DHRA. Although it is a DoD program, ADL serves the entire US federal government, operates a global partnership network including international defense ministries and US-based academic partners, and collaborates closely with industry and academia.  ADL advises the DoD and US government on emerging learning technologies, best practices for improving learning effectiveness and efficiency, and methods for enhancing interoperability. Notable ADL contributions to distributed learning include the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM), Experience API (xAPI), and the DoD Instruction 1322.26.
Plaza de Diego Mall
Plaza de Diego Mall was an enclosed shopping mall formerly located in the Paseo de Diego area of Río Piedras, Puerto Rico. At its peak it had 40+ establishments, and was anchored by a Goody’s Department Store. Being closed by 2014, it would be demolished in 2020, then redeveloped and turned into a housing project named De Diego Village which would officially inaugurate in 2023.

Goody's (store)
Goody's Family Clothing Inc. was an American chain of department stores, owned and operated by Stage Stores and headquartered in Houston, TX. It specialized in retailing on-trend apparel, accessories, cosmetics, footwear, and housewares.

It was a successor to a chain of clothing retailers that was based in Knoxville, Tennessee. At one time Goody's operated close to 500 stores in the U.S South and Midwest, including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. In late 2010, Goody's opened 17 new stores in the Southeast.

Brands exclusively found at Goody's include Valerie Stevens; Signature Studio; Sun River; Rustic Blue; Rebecca Malone; and Wishful Park.
CM Browser
CM Browser (Chinese: 猎豹安全浏览器) is a web browser developed by Cheetah Mobile. The browser is based on Chromium and supports both the WebKit and Trident browser engines. Jinshan Network claims that CM Browser is the first secure dual-engine browser with a "browser intrusion prevention system".

On June 3, 2013, CM Browser was released on Android and iOS.

Chromium (web browser)
Chromium is a free and open-source web browser project, primarily developed and maintained by Google. It is a widely used codebase, providing the vast majority of code for Google Chrome and many other browsers, including Microsoft Edge, Samsung Internet, and Opera. The code is also used by several app frameworks.