hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andy Hamilton (American football)
Ladelle Andrews Hamilton Jr. (born April 8, 1950) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for three seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Kansas City Chiefs and New Orleans Saints. He was selected by the Chiefs in the fourth round of the 1972 NFL draft after playing college football for the LSU Tigers.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
Alexander van Oudenaarden
Alexander van Oudenaarden (19 March 1970) is a Dutch biophysicist and systems biologist. He is a researcher in stem cell biology, specialising in single cell techniques. In 2012 he started as director of the Hubrecht Institute and was awarded three times an ERC Advanced Grant, in 2012, 2017, and 2022. He was awarded the Spinoza Prize in 2017.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Board of Education v. Earls
Board of Education v. Earls, 536 U.S. 822 (2002), was a case by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court held, 5–4, that it does not violate the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution for public schools to conduct mandatory drug testing on students participating in extracurricular activities.

The case centered around a policy adopted by the school district of Tecumseh, Oklahoma requiring all students involved in extracurricular activities, including the school's sports teams, to consent to urinalysis testing for drugs. Two students, Lindsay Earls and Daniel James, brought a lawsuit against the school board, alleging that the policy violated the Fourth Amendment's prohibition of unreasonable search and seizure.

Extracurricular activity
An extracurricular activity (ECA) or extra academic activity (EAA) or cultural activity is an activity, usually performed by students, that falls outside the realm of the normal curriculum of school, college or university education. Although approved and often sponsored by school official, such activities are voluntary (as opposed to mandatory) and usually do not carry much academic credit.
Ryan G. Anderson
Ryan Gibson Anderson (born 1978), is an American former Washington State National Guardsman convicted by court-martial on September 3, 2004, on five counts of attempting to provide aid to the terrorist network al-Qaeda. He is currently serving a life sentence in the United States Disciplinary Barracks at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas with the eligibility of parole.

Anderson was a tank crewman and held the rank of Specialist (E-4). He was assigned to the 81st Armored Brigade of the Washington Army National Guard and was preparing for deployment to Iraq when he was arrested in a joint FBI and United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) sting operation on February 12, 2004. At the time of the court-martial verdict, the jury of nine commissioned officers reduced Anderson's rank to private and gave him a dishonorable discharge.

United States Army Intelligence and Security Command
The United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) is a direct reporting unit that conducts intelligence, security, and information operations for United States Army commanders, partners in the Intelligence Community, and national decision-makers. INSCOM is headquartered at Fort Belvoir, Virginia.

INSCOM contributes units to the National Security Agency (NSA), the United States' unified signals intelligence (SIGINT) organization. Within the NSA, INSCOM and its counterparts in the Navy, Air Force, Space Force, Coast Guard, and Marine Corps comprise the Central Security Service. INSCOM's budget has been estimated to be approximately $6 billion.

As a direct reporting unit, INSCOM reports directly to the chief of staff of the Army.
Union Building, Aldershot
The Union Building on Hospital Hill in Aldershot in Hampshire is a Grade II listed building on the Register of Historic England. A former sub-manor of the Tichborne Family, it was later used as the Aldershot Workhouse and as the District School set up in 1849/50 by two poor law unions, referred to as the Union Building in the 1851 Census. It was later purchased as one of the first permanent Camp buildings of the British Army when it moved to the area in 1854.

Tichborne baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Tichborne, both in the Baronetage of England. Both creations are extinct.

The Tichborne Baronetcy, of Tichborne in the County of Hampshire, was created in the Baronetage of England on 8 March 1621 for Sir Benjamin Tichborne, who was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Petersfield from 1588 to 1589 and for Hampshire in 1593. It became extinct at the death of the 14th baronet in 1968.

The Tichborne Baronetcy, of Beaulieu in County Louth, was created in the Baronetage of England on 12 July 1697 for Henry Tichborne, the great-grandson of Sir Benjamin. He was ennobled in 1715 as Baron Ferrard of Beaulieu, with which title the baronetcy then merged until its extinction in 1731. Lord Ferrard was son of Sir William Tichborne of Beaulieu, son of the statesman and general Sir Henry Tichborne, younger son of Sir Benjamin Tichborne, 1st Baronet.
Krishnarao Shankar Pandit
Gaan Maharishi Pt. Krishnarao Shankar Pandit (1894–1989) was an Indian musician, considered by many as one of the leading vocalists of the Gwalior gharana. He authored several articles and 8 books on music and was the founder of Shankar Gandharva Mahavidyalaya, a music college based in Gwalior. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1973, for his contributions to music. He was also a recipient of several other honors, including the 1959 Sangeet Natak Akademi Award and the 1980 Tansen Award of the Government of Madhya Pradesh.

Tansen Samaroh
Tansen Samaroh or Tansen Sangeet Samaroh (Hindi: तानसेन समारोह) is celebrated every year in the month of December in Behat village of Gwalior district, Madhya Pradesh. It is a 4-day musical extravaganza. Artists and music lovers from all over the world gather here to pay tribute to the Great Indian Musical Maestro Tansen. The event is organized near the tomb of Tansen by Ustad Alauddin Khan Kala Evam Sangeet  Academy, under the department of culture, Government of Madhya Pradesh. Artists from all over India are invited to deliver vocal and instrumental performances.
Islam in Bulgaria
Islam in Bulgaria is a minority religion and the second largest religion in the country after Christianity. According to the 2021 Census, the total number of Muslims in Bulgaria stood at 638,708 corresponding to 9.8% of the population. Ethnically, Muslims in Bulgaria are Turks, Bulgarians and Roma, living mainly in parts of northeastern Bulgaria (mainly in Razgrad, Targovishte, Shumen and Silistra Provinces) and in the Rhodope Mountains (mainly in Kardzhali Province and Smolyan Province).

Targovishte Province
43°15′N 26°30′E﻿ / ﻿43.250°N 26.500°E﻿ / 43.250; 26.500

Targovishte Province (Bulgarian: Област Търговище, transliterated Oblast Tǎrgovište, former name Targovishte okrug) is a province in northeastern Bulgaria, named after its main city - Targovishte. As of December 2009, it had a population of 129,675.
Italicus Rosolio di Bergamotto
Italicus Rosolio di Bergamotto is a bergamot rosolio (a type of aperitivo) manufactured in Italy. The liqueur uses bergamot from Calabria and citrons from Sicily, along with Italian flower varieties. Italicus was created by an Italian bartender, Giuseppe Gallo, using a family recipe. He launched the spirit commercially in September 2016.

Bergamot orange
Citrus bergamia, commonly known as the bergamot orange (pronounced /ˈbɜːrɡəmɒt/), is a fragrant citrus fruit the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime, depending on ripeness.

Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon (itself a hybrid between bitter orange and citron) and bitter orange. Extracts have been used as an aromatic ingredient in food, tea, snus, perfumes, and cosmetics. Use on the skin can increase photosensitivity, resulting in greater damage from sun exposure.
Bachan Singh Arya
Bachan Singh Arya is an Indian politician and served as Minister in Government of Haryana. He is two terms elected MLA representing Safidon Assembly constituency. He won 1991 Haryana Legislative Assembly election from Indian National Congress and 2005 Haryana Legislative Assembly election as Independent.

Bachan Singh Arya contested the Haryana Legislative Assembly election consecutively in the years 1991, 1996, 2000, 2005, 2009, 2014, and 2019.

Government of Haryana
Government of Haryana, also known as the State Government of Haryana, or locally as the Haryana Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Haryana and its 22 districts. It consists of an executive, ceremonially led by the Governor of Haryana and otherwise by the Chief Minister, a judiciary, and a legislative branch.
Whitney topologies
In mathematics, and especially differential topology, functional analysis and singularity theory, the Whitney topologies are a countably infinite family of topologies defined on the set of smooth mappings between two smooth manifolds. They are named after the American mathematician Hassler Whitney.

Smoothness
In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of continuous derivatives it has over its domain.

A function of class  is a function of smoothness at least k;  that is, a function of class  is a function that has a kth derivative that is continuous in its domain.

A function of class  or -function (pronounced C-infinity function) is an infinitely   differentiable function, that is, a function that has derivatives of all orders (this implies that all these derivatives are continuous).

Generally, the term smooth function refers to a -function. However, it may also mean "sufficiently differentiable" for the problem under consideration.
Billy Yates (singer)
Billy Wayne Yates (born March 13, 1963) is an American country music artist. He has released ten studio albums and has charted four singles on the Billboard country charts, including "Flowers" which reached number 36 in 1997. Yates also co-wrote George Jones' singles "I Don't Need Your Rockin' Chair" and "Choices", which were released in 1993 and 1999 respectively. Other artists who have recorded Yates' work include Ricochet, Ricky Van Shelton, and Kenny Chesney. In addition to his work as a singer and songwriter, Yates is the owner of the songwriting and publishing company Smokin' Grapes, which was founded in 2006. Yates' musical style is defined by neotraditional country and honky-tonk influences, and has been favorably compared to artists such as Gene Watson.

George Jones
George Glenn Jones (September 12, 1931 – April 26, 2013) was an American country musician, singer, and songwriter. He achieved international fame for a long list of hit records, and is well known for his distinctive voice and phrasing. For the last two decades of his life, Jones is frequently referred to as "the greatest country singer", "The Rolls-Royce of Country Music", and had more than 160 chart singles to his name from 1955 until his death in 2013.

Jones served in the United States Marine Corps and was discharged in 1953. In 1959, Jones recorded "White Lightning", written by The Big Bopper, which launched his career as a singer. Years of alcoholism severely compromised his health and led to his missing many performances, earning him the nickname "No Show Jones". Jones died in 2013, aged 81, from hypoxic respiratory failure.
145th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps
The 145th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps (8th Duke of Wellington's Regiment) (145 RAC) was an armoured regiment of the British Army's Royal Armoured Corps that served in North Africa, Tunisia and Italy during World War II.

The Duke of Wellington's Regiment's two junior battalions, the 8th Battalion (8 DWR) and the 9th Battalion (9 DWR) were both simultaneously converted into armoured regiments, becoming respectively 145 RAC and 146 RAC.

Tunisian campaign
The Tunisian campaign (also known as the Battle of Tunisia) was a series of battles that took place in Tunisia during the North African campaign of the Second World War, between Axis and Allied forces from 17 November 1942 to 13 May 1943. The Allies consisted of British Imperial Forces, including a Greek contingent, with American and French corps. Despite initial successes by the German and Italian forces brought from the mainland and which had withdrawn into and occupied Tunisia after their defeat in the Western Desert and the success of Operation Torch, massive supply interdiction efforts and Allied assaults from east and west led to the decisive defeat of the Axis. Over 260,000 German and Italian troops were taken as prisoners of war, including most of the Afrika Korps.
Kamohelo Mahlatsi
Kamohelo Abel Mahlatsi (born 23 August 1998) is a South African professional soccer player who plays as an attacking midfielder or centre forward for Marumo Gallants. He has also represented South Africa at under-23 and senior international levels.

South Africa national under-23 soccer team
The South Africa national under-23 football team is a youth football team, which represents South Africa and is controlled by the South African Football Association, the governing body for football in South Africa. The team's main objectives are to qualify and play at the All-Africa Games and Olympic Games. The team has played at three All-Africa Games and one Olympic tournament.
Players who are selected, will be 23 or younger in the following Olympic year. With the next Olympics being held in London in 2012, players need to have been born on or after 1 January 1989. At the Olympic finals tournament, the team may be supplemented with 3 over-age players.
Cost price
In retail systems, the cost price represents the specific value that represents unit price purchased. This value is used as a key factor in determining profitability, and in some stock market theories it is used in establishing the value of stock holding.

Profit (accounting)
Profit, in accounting, is an income distributed to the  owner in a  profitable market production process (business). Profit is a measure of profitability which is the owner's major interest in the income-formation process of market production. There are several profit measures in common use.

Income formation in market production is always a balance between income generation and income distribution. The income generated is always distributed to the stakeholders of production as economic value within the review period. The profit is the share of income formation the owner is able to keep to themselves in the income distribution process. Profit is one of the major sources of  economic well-being because it means incomes and opportunities to develop production. The words "income", "profit" and "earnings" are synonyms in this context.
Gus Tyler
August Tyler (October 18, 1911 - June 3, 2011) was an American socialist activist of the 1930s, a labor union official, author, and newspaper columnist. Tyler is best remembered as a leading American labor intellectual of the post-World War II era and as the author of a history of the International Ladies Garment Workers Union.

International Ladies Garment Workers Union
The International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) was a labor union for employees in the women's clothing industry in the United States. It was one of the largest unions in the country, one of the first to have a primarily female membership, and a key player in the labor history of the 1920s and 1930s. The union, generally referred to as the "ILGWU" or the "ILG", merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union in the 1990s to form the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). UNITE merged with the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union (HERE) in 2004 to become UNITE HERE. The two unions that formed UNITE in 1995 represented 250,000 workers between them, down from the ILGWU's peak membership of 450,000 in 1969.

The union published its official newspaper, Justice, in Jersey City, New Jersey.
Order operator
In quantum field theory, an order operator or an order field is a quantum field version of Landau's order parameter whose expectation value characterizes phase transitions. There exists a dual version of it, the disorder operator or disorder field, whose expectation value characterizes a phase transition by indicating the prolific presence of defect or vortex lines in an ordered phase.

The disorder operator is an operator that creates a discontinuity of the ordinary order operators or a monodromy for their values. For example, a 't Hooft operator is a disorder operator. So is the Jordan–Wigner transformation. The concept of a disorder observable was first introduced in the context of 2D Ising spin lattices, where a phase transition between spin-aligned (magnetized) and disordered phases happens at some temperature.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
Evo Japan 2018
The 2018 Japanese Evolution Championship Series, commonly referred to as Evo Japan 2018, was a fighting game event held in Tokyo, Japan on January 26–28. As mentioned in its namesake, the event was the first Evo event to take place in Japan and outside of the United States. The event offered tournaments for various fighting games, such as Street Fighter V, Tekken 7, and Super Smash Bros. for Wii U. Over 5,000 people registered for the event with Street Fighter V and Tekken 7's entrant numbers being on par with their respective Evo 2017 numbers.

Evo 2017
The 2017 Evolution Championship Series (commonly referred to as Evo 2017) was a fighting game event held in Las Vegas on July 14–16 that was part of the long-running Evolution Championship Series. The event offered tournaments for various fighting games, such as Street Fighter V, Tekken 7, and Injustice 2. Over 10,000 people registered for the event with Tekken 7 receiving double the number of players from the previous year.
Chronicle of an Escape
Chronicle of an Escape (Spanish: Crónica de una fuga), also known as Buenos Aires, 1977, is a 2006 Argentine historical drama film directed by Israel Adrián Caetano. The screenplay is written by Caetano, Esteban Student, and Julián Loyola, based on the autobiographical book Pase libre – la fuga de la Mansion Seré written by Claudio Tamburrini. The film was produced by Oscar Kramer and Hugo Sigman, and stars Rodrigo de la Serna, Pablo Echarri and Nazareno Casero. The film tells the true story of four men who narrowly escaped death at the hands of a military death squad during Argentina's last civil-military dictatorship (1976–1983).

Winner of the Silver Condor Award for Best Film, it was Argentina's entry for the 2007 Golden Globes Awards for the Best Foreign Language Film, and director Israel Adrián Caetano was nominated at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival for a Golden Palm.

Argentine Film Critics Association
The Argentine Film Critics Association (Spanish: Asociación de Cronistas Cinematográficos de la Argentina) is an organization of Argentine-based journalists and correspondents. The association presents the Silver Condor Awards (Premios Cóndor de Plata) honoring achievements in Argentine cinema. The awards are considered Argentina's equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The association was organized on July 10, 1942, and the annual awards have been given since 1943, with breaks in between. The Argentine Film Critics Association is a member of the International Federation of Film Critics, also known as FIPRESCI.
Hayley Miller
Hayley Miller (born 3 February 1996) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the Fremantle Football Club in the AFL Women's competition. Miller was selected in the 2022 AFL Women's season 6 All-Australian team and won the Fremantle fairest and best in season 6, and is a dual Fremantle leading goalkicker. She served as Fremantle captain from season 6 to 2023, and is Fremantle's games record holder with 92 games.

Fremantle fairest and best (AFL Women's)
In the AFL Women's (AFLW), the Fremantle fairest and best award is awarded to the best and fairest player at the Fremantle Football Club during the home-and-away season. The award has been awarded annually since the competition's inaugural season in 2017. Kiara Bowers, with 4 victories, is the only multiple winner of the award.
Yuriy Lutsenko's People's Self-Defense
The Yuriy Lutsenko's People's Self-Defense (Ukrainian: Народна Самооборона Юрія Луценка) was a Ukrainian electoral bloc.

In the parliamentary elections on 30 September 2007, the bloc was part of the Our Ukraine alliance, that won 72 out of 450 seats. (In the following 2012 elections the participation of blocs of political parties was banned.)

Yuriy Lutsenko was the party leader.

2007 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Early parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 30 September 2007. The election date was determined following agreement between the President Viktor Yushchenko, the Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych and the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian Parliament) Oleksandr Moroz on 27 May 2007, in an attempt to resolve the political crisis in Ukraine triggered by the 2 April 2007 presidential decree on dissolution of Ukraine's parliament.

The 450 seats were divided among all parties that achieved a minimum 3% nationwide vote tally. The number of seats that are allocated to each party, above the 3% participation rate quota, is calculated using the Hamilton method of apportionment.

An alliance of two electoral blocs associated with the Orange Revolution, Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (BYuT) and Our Ukraine-Peoples Self Defence (OU-PSD) obtained a narrow majority of seats, leaving their main rival, the Party of Regions (PoR) in opposition.