hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Italian cruiser Goito
Goito was a torpedo cruiser built for the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in the 1880s. She was the lead ship of the Goito class, which included three other vessels. Goito was built by the Regio Cantiere di Castellammare di Stabia shipyard between September 1885 and February 1888. She was armed with a variety of light guns and five 14-inch (356 mm) torpedo tubes, and was capable of a top speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph). The ship served the duration of her career in the main Italian fleet. Her early service was primarily occupied with training exercises; front-line duties ended in 1897 when she was converted into a minelayer, though she continued to participate in fleet exercises. During World War I, Goito laid defensive minefields in the Adriatic Sea. She was eventually sold for scrap in 1920 and broken up.

Regio Cantiere di Castellammare di Stabia
The Regio Cantiere di Castellammare di Stabia (Royal Dockyard of Castellammare di Stabia) was founded in 1783 by Sir John Acton, Prime Minister of Ferdinand IV of the Kingdom of Naples. Its first vessel, the Neapolitan ship of the line Partenope, was completed three years later. The shipyard was initially unable to build more than one ship of the line and a frigate simultaneously until it was enlarged by order of King Joachim Murat in 1808. It built its first steam-powered ship in the early 1840s.

The shipyard was absorbed by the Naples-based holding company, Navalmeccanica, in 1939. Almost totally destroyed during World War II, the dockyard had to be rebuilt before it could resume operations. Navalmeccanica was incorporated into Italcantieri in 1966, which was in turn taken over by Fincantieri in 1984.
Anuranjan Jha
Anuranjan Jha is an Indian journalist and author. For the past 28 years. He was the founder and CEO of "Media Sarkar", an online current affairs website that conducted controversial sting operation on Aam Aadmi Party in 2013. Prior to that, Jha had launched India's first matrimonial television channel, Shagun TV. His career in journalism spans 25 years. Before launching Shagun TV, Jha has worked with India TV, Cobrapost, Zee News, Aaj Tak, BAG Films, India News and Jansatta, and was chief operating officer (COO) of CNEB, a news channel. He has published four books as an author- Ramlila Maidan, Gandhi Maidan, Jhoom and a fiction Haqeekat Nagar .

Currently living in Shrewsbury, England and contributing as columnist in various national and international media houses including Outlook He is associated as a President of the British organisation Gandhian Peace Society

India TV
India TV is a Hindi television news channel based in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. The channel was launched on 20 May 2004 by Rajat Sharma and his wife Ritu Dhawan. The channel is a subsidiary of Independent News Service, which was co-founded by Sharma and Dhawan in 1997. A rebranding of the channel took place in February 2022.
Amateur Photographer
Amateur Photographer is a British photography magazine, published weekly by Kelsey Media. The magazine provides articles on equipment reviews, photographic technique, and profiles of professional photographers.

Kelsey Media
Kelsey Media Ltd is a magazine publisher and trade fair company based in Yalding, England. Founded in 1989, it has bought and sold many publications over the years, including former Bauer Media Group magazines Sea Angler, Car Mechanics and Your Horse (which it bought from Bauer along with their websites) in July 2020. In May 2023, it bought the  print and digital assets of Uncut magazine from BandLab Technologies' NME Networks division, with the first issue of Uncut published by Kelsey Media being the September 2023 issue Take 317.

Kelsey Media has published the following magazines:
Anna Walinska
Anna Walinska (September 8, 1906 – December 19, 1997) was an American painter. She is known for her colorful works of the Modernist period, collages done with handmade Burmese Shan paper, and a large body of works in various media on the theme of the Holocaust. Works by Walinska are included in numerous public collections, most notably the National Portrait Gallery, the National Museum of Women in the Arts, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the Rose Art Museum at Brandeis University, the Denver Art Museum, The Jewish Museum in New York, the Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art at Cornell, the Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University, the Judah L. Magnes Museum in Berkeley, and Yad Vashem. Walinska's scrapbooks of the Guild Art Gallery, along with sketchbooks and journals on world travel are included in the Archives of American Art at the Smithsonian Institution.

Rose Art Museum
The Rose Art Museum, founded in 1961, is a part of Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts, US.  Named after benefactors Edward and Bertha Rose, it offers temporary exhibitions, and it displays and houses works of art from its permanent collection of 9,000 objects. The museum has one of the largest collections of modern and contemporary art in New England. Since its inauguration, the Rose Art Museum has been recognized for its avant-garde and forward-thinking approach to modern and contemporary art.
2019 European Parliament election in Friuli-Venezia Giulia
The 2019 European Parliament election in Italy took place in Italy on 26 May 2019.

In Friuli-Venezia Giulia Lega Nord came first with 42.6% of the vote (country-level result 34.3%) and more than 20pp than the Democratic Party, which came second with 22.2%. The Five Star Movement came third with 9.6%, ahead of Brothers of Italy (7.6%), Forza Italia (6.7%), More Europe (3.0%), Green Europe (3.0%) and The Left (1.6%). The South Tyrolean People's Party, which included one candidate from the Slovene Union, reached 38.9% in San Floriano del Collio.

2019 European Parliament election in Italy
The 2019 European Parliament election in Italy were held on 26 May 2019, electing members of the 9th Italian delegation to the European Parliament as part of the European elections held across the European Union.
Deportes Recoleta
Club Deportes Recoleta is an association football club of Chile of the commune of Recoleta, situated in the town of Santiago. It was the champion of the Tercera División B in 2015 and the champion of the Segunda Division of Chile in 2021 playing now in the Primera B, the second level of Chilean football.

Campeonato Nacional Primera B
The Campeonato Nacional de la Primera B del Fútbol Profesional Chileno (English: National Championship of the First B of Chilean Professional Football) is the second tier in the Chilean football league system, and is organized by the Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Profesional. It was established in 1952 as Segunda División, and later renamed in 1996 to the current name. Since 1954, automatic promotion to and relegation from the Campeonato Nacional has been granted, although Palestino and Rangers were promoted to the top flight in the first season.
Tamjidillah II of Banjar
Tamjidillah II was the Sultan of Banjar who ruled from 1857 to 1859, succeeding his grandfather, Adam of Banjar. His reign was opposed by his brother, Hidayatullah II of Banjar, which then led to the Banjarmasin War. He is the last Sultan of Banjar in the Dutch version.

Adam of Banjar
Adam (1776 – 1 November 1857), with the title al-Wathiq Billah, was the Sultan of Banjar who ruled from 1825 until his death in 1857, succeeding his father, Sulaiman of Banjar.
During his reign, Banjar became a Dutch protectorate in accordance with the agreement between the Dutch and his grandfather, Tahmidullah II and his father, Sulaiman. After his death, a succession crisis began and led to the long Banjarmasin War and ultimately brought down the sultanate.
North Scanian Regiment
North Scanian Regiment (Swedish: Norra skånska regementet), designation P 6/Fo 14, was a Swedish Army armoured regiment that operated from 1963 to 1994. The unit was based in the Kristianstad Garrison in Kristianstad. The unit was formed in 1963 when North Scanian Infantry Regiment (I 6) was converted from an infantry regiment to and armoured regiment.

Wendes Artillery Regiment
The Wendes Artillery Regiment (Swedish: Wendes artilleriregemente), designation A 3, was a Swedish Army artillery regiment that traced its origins back to the 17th century. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from Scania, where it was garrisoned. The unit was disbanded as a result of the disarmament policies set forward in the Defence Act of 2000.
Robert Tvorogal
Robert Tvorogal (Polish: Robert Tworogal; born 5 October 1994) is a Lithuanian artistic gymnast of Polish ethnicity. He is the 2019 European Games champion on the horizontal bar. He became the first Lithuanian to win a gold medal at the European Artistic Gymnastics Championships when he won the horizontal bar title at the 2020 European Championships. He is also the 2022 European horizontal bar silver medalist and the 2020 European parallel bars bronze medalist. He represented Lithuania at the 2016, 2020, and 2024 Olympic Games.

2020 European Men's Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 34th European Men's Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held from 9 to 13 December 2020 at the Mersin Gymnastics Hall in Mersin, Turkey. The competition was originally scheduled to be held from 27 to 31 May 2020 in Baku, Azerbaijan, but it was rescheduled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Baku event was rescheduled for 9 to 13 December, before the event was relocated to Mersin. Originally an Olympic qualifying event, the competition was undesignated as such in light of the ongoing pandemic, so as to avoid pressuring member federations to attend if they were not willing to do so.

Only 20 nations opted to send athletes, as the majority of countries withdrew out of concerns regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. European Gymnastics barred the Polish Gymnastics Federation from sending any athletes due to outstanding financial obligations resulting from their hosting the 2019 edition of the event.
Mutilated chessboard problem
The mutilated chessboard problem is a tiling puzzle posed by Max Black in 1946 that asks:

Suppose a standard 8×8 chessboard (or checkerboard) has two diagonally opposite corners removed, leaving 62 squares. Is it possible to place 31 dominoes of size 2×1 so as to cover all of these squares?

It is an impossible puzzle: there is no domino tiling meeting these conditions. One proof of its impossibility uses the fact that, with the corners removed, the chessboard has 32 squares of one color and 30 of the other, but each domino must cover equally many squares of each color. More generally, if any two squares are removed from the chessboard, the rest can be tiled by dominoes if and only if the removed squares are of different colors. This problem has been used as a test case for automated reasoning, creativity, and the philosophy of mathematics.

Philosophy of mathematics
Philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of mathematics and its relationship to other areas of philosophy, particularly epistemology and metaphysics. Central questions posed include whether or not mathematical objects are purely abstract entities or are in some way concrete, and in what the relationship such objects have with physical reality consists.

Major themes that are dealt with in philosophy of mathematics include:

Reality: The question is whether mathematics is a pure product of human mind or whether it has some reality by itself.

Logic and rigor

Relationship with physical reality

Relationship with science

Relationship with applications

Mathematical truth

Nature as human activity (science, art, game, or all together)
Jesper Thilo
Jesper Thilo (born 28 November 1941) is a Danish jazz musician, mainly known as a tenor saxophonist, alto saxophonist and clarinetist. He is considered to be one of the top European straight-ahead jazz musicians of the post-1970 period. Ben Webster and Coleman Hawkins were early influences, while he later developed a highly personal sound reminiscent of Zoot Sims.

Thilo first recorded as a leader for Storyville Records in 1973 and in the 1980s on Storyville his sidemen at various times included Kenny Drew, Clark Terry and Harry "Sweets" Edison. In the 1980s, he also played in the Ernie Wilkins's Almost Big Band. Thilo also appears on the Miles Davis album Aura recorded in 1985. In 1991, he worked with Hank Jones in a quintet.

Hank Jones
Henry Jones Jr. (July 31, 1918 – May 16, 2010) was an American jazz pianist, bandleader, arranger, and composer. Critics and musicians have described Jones as eloquent, lyrical, and impeccable. In 1989, The National Endowment for the Arts honored him with the NEA Jazz Masters Award. He was also honored in 2003 with the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) Jazz Living Legend Award. In 2008, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. On April 13, 2009, the University of Hartford presented Jones with an honorary Doctorate of Music for his musical accomplishments.

Jones recorded more than 60 albums under his own name and is estimated to have "appeared on over a thousand recordings" as a sideman, including Cannonball Adderley's celebrated album Somethin' Else with Miles Davis. On May 19, 1962, he played piano as actress Marilyn Monroe sang her famous "Happy Birthday, Mr. President" song to then U.S. president John F. Kennedy.
Mother!
Mother! (stylized as mother!) is a 2017 American psychological horror film written and directed by Darren Aronofsky, and starring Jennifer Lawrence, Javier Bardem, Ed Harris, Michelle Pfeiffer, Domhnall Gleeson, Brian Gleeson, and Kristen Wiig. Its plot follows a young woman whose tranquil life with her husband at their country home is disrupted by the arrival of a mysterious couple, leading to a series of increasingly chaotic and destructive events.

The film premiered on September 5, 2017, at the 74th Venice International Film Festival, where it was selected to compete for the Golden Lion. It was released in the United States by Paramount Pictures on September 15, 2017. The film grossed $44.5 million worldwide. It received generally positive reviews from critics.

74th Venice International Film Festival
The 74th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 30 August to 9 September 2017, at Venice Lido in Italy.

American actress Annette Bening was the jury president for the main competition. Italian actor Alessandro Borghi hosted the opening and closing nights of the festival. The Golden Lion was awarded to The Shape of Water by Guillermo del Toro.

A new section for virtual-reality (VR) films was introduced in this edition of the festival, as part of the Official Selection. 22 films were selected for the first-ever competition for films made in VR, while several more were presented in out-of-competition subsections.

The festival opened with Downsizing by Alexander Payne, and closed with Outrage Coda by Takeshi Kitano.
The Lotus Eaters (novel)
The Lotus Eaters (2010) is a novel by Tatjana Soli. It tells the story of an American woman who goes to war-torn Vietnam as a combat photojournalist and finds herself in a love triangle with two men. The novel was awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction.

James Tait Black Memorial Prize
The James Tait Black Memorial Prizes are literary prizes awarded for literature written in the English language. They, along with the Hawthornden Prize, are Britain's oldest literary awards. Based at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, United Kingdom, the prizes were founded in 1919 by Janet Coats Black in memory of her late husband, James Tait Black, a partner in the publishing house of A & C Black Ltd. Prizes are awarded in two categories: Fiction and Biography. A Drama prize was awarded from 2013-2019.
Justin Watts
Justin Lee Watts (born July 1, 1990) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Chernomorets Burgas of the Bulgarian National Basketball League. He played college basketball for the University of North Carolina, where he won an NCAA Championship as a freshman in 2009. He turned pro in 2013 and won a QBL championship with the Rockhampton Rockets. He went on to play with clubs in Mexico, Japan, Uruguay, the Netherlands, Poland, Qatar, Lithuania, Switzerland and the Philippines.

National Basketball League (Bulgaria)
The National Basketball League (NBL) (in Bulgarian: Националната баскетболна лига) is the highest-level professional basketball league in Bulgaria. The current league was founded in 2008, though the first-tier level existed since 1942 and was previously called the Bulgarian A Division. The games in the NBL are played under FIBA rules.

The most successful team in NBL history is PBC Academic, which has won 26 national titles.
Petronella (film)
Petronella (German: Petronella - Das Geheimnis der Berge) is a 1927 German-Swiss silent historical film directed by Hanns Schwarz and starring Maly Delschaft, William Dieterle and Oskar Homolka.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Uwe Jens Krafft. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios in Berlin.

Maly Delschaft
Martha Amalia "Maly" Delschaft (4 December 1898 – 20 August 1995) was a German stage and film actress. After beginning in theatre, Delschaft switched to silent films. She appeared in mainly supporting roles during the Weimar and Nazi eras. After the Second World War she worked in East Germany for the state-controlled studio DEFA.
Kaede (restaurant)
Kaede is a Japanese restaurant in Portland, Oregon, United States. Established in southeast Portland's Sellwood-Moreland neighborhood in January 2023, the restaurant is operated by sushi chef Shinji and Izumi Uehara, who is also a chef and the only server. Kaede specializes in sushi but also served small plates such as agedashi dōfu, chawanmushi, and soba with duck in dashi. The restaurant has garnered a positive reception.

Soba
Soba (そば or 蕎麦, "buckwheat") are Japanese noodles made from buckwheat flour, with varying amounts of wheat flour mixed in. 
It has an ashen brown color, and a slightly grainy texture. The noodles are served either chilled with a dipping sauce, or hot in a noodle soup. They are used in a wide variety of dishes.

In Japan, soba noodles can be found at fast food venues like standing-up-eating (立ち食いそば, tachigui-soba) to expensive specialty restaurants. Dried soba noodles are sold in stores, along with men-tsuyu, or instant noodle broth, to make home preparation easy.

The amino acid balance of the protein in buckwheat, and therefore in soba, is well matched to the needs of humans and can complement the amino acid deficiencies of other staples such as rice and wheat (see protein combining). The tradition of eating soba in ordinary people arose in the Edo period.
Hoppie van Jaarsveld
Christoffel Jacobus van Jaarsveld (21 February 1917 – 8 December 1980), known as Hoppie van Jaarsveld, was a South African international rugby union player.

Raised in Bloemhof, van Jaarsveld didn't pick up rugby until the age of 17 and was originally a backline player until putting on sufficient weight to be transferred to the pack during his mid 20s. He spent much of his career with the Simmer and Jack club in Johannesburg, made up of local miners, and made his representative debut for Transvaal in 1944.

In 1949, van Jaarsveld was called up by the Springboks for a home series against the All Blacks. He only featured in the opening Test match at Newlands, packing the front row with Okey Geffin and Jorrie Jordaan. The Springboks won the match 15–11. This remained his only Springboks cap and he retired in 1953.

Jorrie Jordaan
Rudolph Phillipus Jordaan (13 July 1920 – 22 September 1998) was a South African international rugby union player.

Jordaan was born in Cradock and educated at Cradock High School.

A sturdy forward, Jordaan played his rugby for Pretoria Police and was mainly utilised as a hooker, but could also play the loose forward role. He made his representative debut for Northern Transvaal in 1941 and had considerable experience by the time he was called up by the Springboks. Playing as a hooker, Jordaan featured in all four home Test matches for the Springboks against the touring All Blacks in 1949, helping them to a series whitewash.

Jordaan was a member of the South African Police.
Ancient DNA
Ancient DNA (aDNA) is DNA isolated from ancient sources (typically specimens, but also environmental DNA). Due to degradation processes (including cross-linking, deamination and fragmentation) ancient DNA is more degraded in comparison with present-day genetic material. Genetic material has been recovered from paleo/archaeological and historical skeletal material, mummified tissues, archival collections of non-frozen medical specimens, preserved plant remains, ice and from permafrost cores, marine and lake sediments and excavation dirt.

Even under the best preservation conditions, there is an upper boundary of 0.4–1.5 million years for a sample to contain sufficient DNA for sequencing technologies. The oldest DNA sequenced from physical specimens are from mammoth molars in Siberia over 1 million years old. In 2022, two-million-year-old genetic material was recovered from sediments in Greenland, and is currently considered the oldest DNA discovered so far.

Deamination
Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule. Enzymes that catalyse this reaction are called deaminases.

In the human body, deamination takes place primarily in the liver; however, it can also occur in the kidney. In situations of excess protein intake, deamination is used to break down amino acids for energy. The amino group is removed from the amino acid and converted to ammonia. The rest of the amino acid is made up of mostly carbon and hydrogen, and is recycled or oxidized for energy. Ammonia is toxic to the human system, and enzymes convert it to urea or uric acid by addition of carbon dioxide molecules (which is not considered a deamination process) in the urea cycle, which also takes place in the liver. Urea and uric acid can safely diffuse into the blood and then be excreted in urine.
William Smith (Latter Day Saints)
William Smith (also found as William B. Smith) (March 13, 1811 – November 13, 1893) was a leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and one of the original members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Smith was the eighth child of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack Smith and was a younger brother of Joseph Smith Jr., the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement.

After the 1844 murders of Joseph and Hyrum Smith, William Smith claimed leadership of the Latter Day Saints and attracted a small number of followers. Most church members accepted Brigham Young as rightful leader of the church, and Smith was later affiliated with the Strangite and Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (now the Community of Christ).

David Whitmer
David Whitmer (January 7, 1805 – January 25, 1888) was an early leader of the Latter Day Saint Movement and one of the Three Witnesses to the gold plates of the Book of Mormon. Whitmer later distanced himself from Joseph Smith and was excommunicated from the church in 1838, but continued to affirm his testimony of the Book of Mormon. He separated, mainly troubled by polygamy, and created an offshoot of the LDS church called the Church of Christ. He was the most interviewed Book of Mormon witness.
Secret Agent (1932 film)
Secret Agent (German: Der Geheimagent) is a 1932 German thriller film directed by and starring Harry Piel and also featuring Maria Matray, Eduard von Winterstein and Leonard Steckel. It was shot at the Staaken and Grunewald Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gustav A. Knauer. It was distributed by the German branch of Universal Pictures.

Harry Piel
Heinrich Piel (12 July 1892 – 27 March 1963), known professionally as Harry Piel, was a prolific German actor, film director, screenwriter, and film producer who was involved in over 150 films.

Piel became a director in 1912, turning out such box-office successes as Mann Gegen Mann (1928), Achtung! - Auto-Diebe! (1930) and Artisten (1935). His last directorial effort was 1953's Gesprengte Gitter (Elephant Fury, a.k.a. Panic), which he also produced, wrote, and starred.