hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mopacho
Mopacho is a Congolese dance that emerged in Brazzaville in 1990, created by Sixte Singha, a native of Ouenzé, the city's 5th arrondissement. According to Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale, mopacho is "performed with full-body movements from head to toe. However, it varies in gesture from one department to another, with dancers influenced by the dance steps of their respective regions". The dance gained widespread popularity in the early 2020s among the youths on both sides of the Congo River, particularly in Brazzaville and Kinshasa, through social media platforms such as TikTok, where viral challenges turned it into a youth culture. Its mainstream breakthrough surfaced in 2022 with DJ Afara Tsena Fukuchima's hit "Afro Mbokalisation", which propelled the dance to continental attention and was later embraced by several prominent musicians, including Fally Ipupa, DJ Kedjevara, Gaz Mawete, and Serge Beynaud, who incorporated its movements into their music videos.

Departments of the Republic of the Congo
The Republic of the Congo is divided into 15 departments since the adoption of the corresponding laws in October 2024. These departments replaced former regions (régions, singular région) in 2002:

According to the laws published in October 2024 and the cartographic coordinates, the new regions are:

Congo-Oubangui. Formed by the districts of Bokoma, Liranga (formerly in Likouala), Loukoléla District and Mossaka.

Nkéni-Alima. Formed by the districts of Makotimpoko District, Ongogni District, Gamboma, Abala and Allembé District.

Djoué-Léfini. Formed by the districts of Ngabé, Mayama, Vindza, Kimba and Ignié.

These regions are subdivided into more than 100 districts and 16 communes; which are further subdivided into urban communities (communautés urbaines) and rural communities (communautés rurales); which are further subdivided into quarters or neighborhoods (quartiers) and villages.
Tratayenia
Tratayenia is an extinct genus of megaraptoran theropod dinosaurs known from remains found in the Late Cretaceous (Santonian age) Bajo de la Carpa Formation of Argentina. The type and only species, Tratayenia rosalesi, was described in March 2018.

Tratayenia can be distinguished from other megaraptorans on the basis of three autapomorphies (unique derived features) of the front portion of each dorsal vertebra, as well as a single autapomorphy of the sacrum. Tratayenia is one of the youngest known genera of megaraptorans, having lived only about 83 million years ago.

Autapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an autapomorphy is a distinctive feature, known as a derived trait, that is unique to a given taxon.  That is, it is found only in one taxon, but not found in any others or outgroup taxa, not even those most closely related to the focal taxon (which may be a species, family or in general any clade). It can therefore be considered  as an apomorphy in relation to a single taxon. The word autapomorphy, introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig, is derived from the Ancient Greek words αὐτός (autós), meaning "self"; ἀπό (apó), meaning "away from"; and μορφή (morphḗ), meaning "shape, form".
Weise's law
In historical linguistics, Weise's law describes the loss of palatal quality that some consonants undergo in specific contexts in the Proto-Indo-European language. In short, when the palatovelar consonants *ḱ *ǵ *ǵʰ are followed by *r, they lose their palatal quality, leading to a loss in distinction between the series and the corresponding plain velar consonants *k *g *gʰ. Some exceptions exist, such as when the *r is followed by *i or when the palatal form is restored by analogy with related words. Although this sound change is most prominent in the satem languages, the change probably occurred prior to the centum–satem division, based on an earlier sound change which affected the distribution of Proto-Indo-European *u and *r. The law is named after the German linguist Oskar Weise, who first postulated it in 1881 in order to reconcile cognates in Ancient Greek and Sanskrit.

Phonological change
In historical linguistics, phonological change is any sound change that alters the distribution of phonemes in a language. In other words, a language develops a new system of oppositions among its phonemes. Old contrasts may disappear, new ones may emerge, or they may simply be rearranged. Sound change may be an impetus for changes in the phonological structures of a language (and likewise, phonological change may sway the process of sound change). One process of phonological change is rephonemicization, in which the distribution of phonemes changes by either addition of new phonemes or a reorganization of existing phonemes. Mergers and splits are types of rephonemicization and are discussed further below.
Cyril Baselios
Moran Mor Cyril Baselios Catholicos or, when referencing his title of Major Archbishop, Cyril Baselios Malancharuvil OIC (born James Malancharuvil, 16 August 1935 –18 January 2007) was the first major archbishop of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church. He was elevated by Pope John Paul II in 1995.

The Bethany Ashram
Bethany Ashram, Perunadu, Ranni  is the first Ashram of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church. It was established by P. T. Geevarghese, later Archbishop Ivanios and Alexios, later Alexios Thevodosios. The Ashram follows the religious order called Order of the Imitation of Christ (O.I.C.).
Leland J. Kennedy
Leland Joseph Kennedy (December 3, 1908 – February 17, 1990) was an American politician. He served as a member of the Illinois House of Representatives from 1947 to 1955, and from 1963 to 1975. A member of the Democratic Party, he also served on the Alton City Council from 1941 to 1947.

Alton, Illinois
Alton (/ˈɔːltən/ AWL-tən) is a city on the Mississippi River in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about 18 miles (29 km) north of St. Louis, Missouri. The population was 25,676 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the River Bend area in the Metro-East region of the Greater St. Louis metropolitan area.

It is well known for its limestone bluffs along the river north of the city. It's the former location of an historical state penitentiary, and played a significant role preceding and during the American Civil War. It was the site of the last Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas debate in October 1858. The former state penitentiary in Alton was used during the Civil War to hold up to 12,000 Confederate prisoners of war.
Vaitele Soi
Vaitele Soi (born 5 August 1987, Samoa) is a retired Samoan professional boxer.

Soi has fought a few notable boxers in his career including Mohamed Azzaoui, Shane Chapman, Brad Pitt and Anthony McCracken.

The biggest fight in Soi's career was against Anthony McCracken for the WBA Pan African, WBO Asia Pacific and WBC – OPBF Cruiserweight title. Despite losing the fight by unanimous decision, Soi received a WBO Asia Pacific ranking peaking at 5th.

Anthony McCracken
Anthony McCracken (born 11 January 1983, Sydney, Australia) is a retired Australian professional boxer.

The biggest win in McCracken's career was against David Aloua in their second fight in November 2014, to win the WBA Pan African, WBC – OPBF and WBO Asia Pacific Cruiserweight title. With this McCraken received a top 15 ranking in WBA, WBO and top 40 in WBC and IBO. Aloua defeated McCracken in April 2012 in their first fight. There was a contract clause where if McCracken won the bout, the two must fight again for a trilogy, however the fight did not end up happening as boxing boxers retired.

McCracken has been offered a world title fight in the past, however he turned it down due to himself not feeling ready and instead went to fought in New Zealand against in March 2015. McCracken as not fought since his three title defense in New Zealand against Samoan Vaitele Soi.
Cliffside, Toronto
Cliffside is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located along the Scarborough Bluffs in the district of Scarborough. Its boundaries are Kennedy Road to the west (where Kingston and Danforth Road merge), St. Clair Avenue East to the north, Brimley Road to the east, and the Bluffs on the lakeshore to the south.

Scarborough Bluffs
The Scarborough Bluffs, also known as The Bluffs, is an escarpment in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. There are nine parks along the bluffs, with Bluffers Park being the only one with a beach. Forming much of the eastern portion of Toronto's waterfront, the Scarborough Bluffs stands above the shoreline of Lake Ontario. At its highest point, the escarpment rises 90 metres (300 ft) above the coastline and spans a length of 15 kilometres (9.3 mi).
Warren F. Miller Jr.
Warren Fletcher "Pete" Miller Jr. (born March 17, 1943) is an American nuclear engineer known for his work in the areas of computational physics, radioactive waste management, transport theory, nuclear reactor design and analysis, and the management of nuclear research and development programs.

Miller served as the Assistant Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Energy under Secretary of Energy Steven Chu and President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2010. As Assistant Secretary, Miller was responsible for all programs and activities of the Office of Nuclear Energy.

Prior to 2009, Miller held senior administration positions at Los Alamos National Laboratory (1974-2001), as well as appointments at UNM, University of Michigan, Howard University, University of California, Berkeley, and Northwestern.

Office of Nuclear Energy
The Office of Nuclear Energy (NE) is an agency of the United States Department of Energy which promotes nuclear power as a resource capable of meeting the energy, environmental, and national security needs of the United States by resolving technical and regulatory barriers through research, development, and demonstration.

The office is led by the assistant secretary of Energy for Nuclear Energy, who is appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate. The current acting assistant secretary of Energy for Nuclear Energy is Michael Goff.
Garden Patch Archeological Site
The Garden Patch is a Middle Woodland archaeological site in Horseshoe Cove, near Horseshoe Beach, Florida, off County Road 351. For a major part of its occupation, the site was a ceremonial center associated with the Swift Creek and Weeden Island cultures. On April 25, 1991, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Weeden Island culture
The Weeden Island cultures are a group of related archaeological cultures that existed during the Late Woodland period (500 - 1000 CE) of the North American Southeast. The name for this group of cultures was derived from the Weedon Island site (despite the dissimilar spellings) in Old Tampa Bay in Pinellas County.
Kolakaluri Enoch
Kolakaluri Enoch (born 1 July 1939) is an Indian writer, teacher, and former Vice Chancellor of Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. He was honoured by the Government of India, in 2014, by bestowing on him the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, for his contributions to the field of literature.

Sri Venkateswara University
Sri Venkateswara University (commonly referred as S. V. University or SVU) is a public state university located in Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh, India. The university is named after Lord Venkateswara, whose shrine is located in the city.

The university was founded in 1954 by the then Chief minister of Andhra Pradesh, Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu and Siram Govindarajulu Naidu as its founder vice-chancellor. The university campus covers a large area on land leased by Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams. It is located on the West side of Tirupati, surrounded by the other universities in the city, namely Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Sri Venkateswara Vedic University, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences and National Sanskrit University.
King Gong of Chu
King Gong of Chu (Chinese: 楚共王; pinyin: Chǔ Gòng Wáng), personal name Xiong Shen, was king of the Chu state from 590 BC to 560 BC.

King Gong succeeded his father, King Zhuang, who was one of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period. In 575 BC, Chu was defeated by its archrival Jin in the Battle of Yanling and Chu's power declined.  He ruled for 31 years and was succeeded by his eldest son, King Kang. Three of King Gong's younger sons also ascended the throne, all by treacherous means.

Five Hegemons
The Five Hegemons (Chinese: 五霸; pinyin: Wǔ Bà), also referred to as the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period (Chinese: 春秋五霸; pinyin: Chūnqiū Wǔ Bà), refers to several especially powerful rulers of Chinese states of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history (770–476 BCE), sometimes alternatively referred to as the "Age of Hegemons". There are various lists of five hegemon rulers of those certain states which rose to power over the other states of this time period, states which were also formed during the period of dissolution of a once real and strong central state, namely the empire of the Zhou dynasty. The Hegemons mobilized the remnants of the Zhou empire, according to shared mutual political and martial interests. An especially prominent Hegemon was Duke Huan of Qi.
T1 (classification)
T1 is a para-cycling classification. It is for athletes with severe locomotive dysfunctions, and insufficient balance to use a regular bicycle. The class includes a number of different disability types including cerebral palsy. The class only competes in road events and uses tricycles (hence the "T" in T1).

Para-cycling classification
Para-cycling classification is the process of classifying participants in para-cycling covering four functional disability types.  The classification system includes classes for handcycles for people who have lower limb mobility issues. The sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).
RAE Hurricane
The RAE Hurricane was a single-seat, single-engined light monoplane designed and built by the Aero Club of the Royal Aircraft Establishment for the 1923 Lympne Motor Glider Competition.  It was underpowered with an unreliable engine.  Re-engined, it flew in many races, with first place in the 1925 Grosvenor Challenge Cup its greatest success.

Lympne light aircraft trials
The Lympne Light Aircraft Trials were held to encourage the development of practical light aircraft for private ownership, with a strong but not exclusive emphasis on fuel economy. They were held in 1923, 1924 and 1926. Each year saw different restrictions on engine size, framed initially in terms of capacity and then weight. The Daily Mail newspaper provided cash prizes throughout though the initiating donation came from the Duke of Sutherland. The Air Ministry were prize givers in the 1924 event. The trials were held at Lympne in Kent, England.
Amy Swensen
Amy Swensen (née Trần, also known as Amy Tran-Swensen, born October 2, 1980) is an American field hockey player. A goalkeeper, she made her national team debut against Mexico at the 2001 Pan American Cup, where she shared the 5-0 shutout. She was born in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and began playing hockey at the age of 13. Tran attended the Northern Lebanon High School and University of North Carolina. At the 2006 Women's Hockey World Cup, Tran was named Goalkeeper of the Tournament.

At the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed for the United States women's national field hockey team in the women's event.  She regained her position in the team after knee replacement surgery in autumn 2011.  After the US's failure to qualify for the 2010 World Cup, she briefly quit hockey to concentrate on her career in massage therapy, also taking the time to marry her husband, Mark Swensen.

She announced her retirement from Team USA in January 2013, having played in 163 games.

2006 Women's Hockey World Cup
The 2006 Women's Hockey World Cup was the 11th edition of the Women's Hockey World Cup field hockey tournament. It was held from 27 September to 8 October 2006 in Madrid, Spain.

The Netherlands won the tournament for the sixth time after defeating Australia 3–1 in the final. Defending champions Argentina won the third-place match by defeating Spain 5–0. Dutch striker Sylvia Karres was the tournament's top-scorer with 6 goals.
Agugliano
Agugliano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region Marche, located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southwest of Ancona.

Agugliano borders the following municipalities: Ancona, Camerata Picena, Jesi, Polverigi.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
Adam Dread
Adam Dread (born February 1,1963, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American politician. He served as a city council member-at-large for the Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County until September 2007. As of 2007, he was a practicing attorney and businessman in Nashville.

Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County
The Metropolitan Council (officially the Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County) is the legislative body of the consolidated city-county government of Nashville, Tennessee and Davidson County.
British NVC community OV3
British NVC community OV3 (Papaver rhoeas - Viola arvensis community) is one of the open habitat communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of six arable weed and track-side communities of light, less-fertile acid soils.

It is a widespread community. There are no subcommunities.

British National Vegetation Classification
The British National Vegetation Classification or NVC is a system of classifying natural habitat types in Great Britain according to the vegetation they contain.

A large scientific meeting of ecologists, botanists, and other related professionals in the United Kingdom resulted in the publication of a compendium of five books: British Plant Communities, edited by John S. Rodwell, which detail the incidence of plant species in twelve major habitat types in the British natural environment. They are the first systematic and comprehensive account of the vegetation types of the country. They cover all natural, semi-natural and major artificial habitats in Great Britain (not Northern Ireland) and represent fifteen years of research by leading plant ecologists.

From the data collated from the books, commercial software products have been developed to help to classify vegetation identified into one of the many habitat types found in Great Britain – these include MATCH, TABLEFIT and MAVIS.
French rugby union system
The major national club competition in France is the Top 14 (formerly, the Top 16). The Top 14 is played on a home and away basis between the top fourteen club sides in France. The second major competition in France is the Pro D2 competition. A relegation system exists between the two tiers of competition. Both competitions are operated by Ligue Nationale de Rugby (LNR).

In 2021, the French Rugby Federation announced a reform of its amateur competitions, including the creation of Nationale 2. Three regional divisions, managed exclusively by the leagues, replaced the Honneur, Promotion d'Honneur, and Séries championships.

Below the two professional leagues are the Nationale, Nationale 2, Fédérale 1, Fédérale 2, Fédérale 3, Régionale 1, Régionale 2, and Régionale 3.

Top 14

Pro D2

Nationale

Nationale 2

Fédérale 1

Fédérale 2

Fédérale 3

Régionale 1

Régionale 2

Régionale 3

Fédérale 2
Fédérale 2 is a rugby union club championship division in France. It is the sixth division of rugby above Fédérale 3. Teams can earn promotion to Fédérale 1, and subsequently, to the National 2 and Nationale leagues, and on to the professional leagues such as Rugby Pro D2 and the Top 14.
Fulk of Pavia
Fulk (1164 - 26 October 1229) was an Italian canon regular and prelate who served as the Bishop of Piacenza from 1210 until 1217 and later as the Bishop of Pavia from 1217 until his death. He served in various capacities prior to his episcopal appointment, such as provost of his religious community. He was known for making the effort of keeping out of political affairs since he wanted to dedicate himself more to diocesan affairs.

Appointed bishop of Piacenza in 1210 by Pope Innocent III, Fulk was not consecrated as a bishop until 1216, only to be was transferred and some months after to the Diocese of Pavia, where he would remain until his death in 1229.

Consecration in Christianity
Consecration is the transfer of a person or a thing to the sacred sphere for a special purpose or service. The word consecration literally means "association with the sacred". Persons, places, or things can be consecrated, and the term is used in various ways by different groups. The origin of the word comes from the Latin stem consecrat, which means dedicated, devoted, and sacred. A synonym for consecration is sanctification; its antonym is desecration.
Wahb ibn Abd Manaf
Wahb ibn 'Abd Manaf (Arabic: وهب بن عبد مناف) ibn Zuhrah ibn Kilab ibn Murrah, was the chief of Banu Zuhrah, and the father of Aminah bint Wahb. He was the maternal grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Abd al-Muttalib
Shayba ibn Hāshim (Arabic: شيبة بن هاشم; c. 481–578), better known as ʿAbd al-Muttalib, (Arabic: عبد المطلب, lit. 'Servant of Muttalib') was the fourth chief of the Quraysh tribal confederation and grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Sensory systems in fish
Most fish possess highly developed sense organs. Nearly all fish that are primarily active during daylight have colour vision that is at least as good as a human's. Many fish also have chemoreceptors responsible for extraordinary senses of taste and smell. Their hearing is adapted to the underwater environment, using bone conduction, the swim bladder, and the inner ear. Most fish have sensitive receptors that form the lateral line system, which detects gentle currents and vibrations, and senses the motion of nearby fish and prey. Sharks can sense frequencies in the range of 25 to 50 Hz through their lateral line.

Fish orient themselves using landmarks and may use mental maps based on multiple landmarks or symbols. Fish behavior in mazes reveals that they possess spatial memory and visual discrimination.

Inner ear
The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear. In vertebrates, the inner ear is mainly responsible for sound detection and balance. In mammals, it consists of the bony labyrinth, a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts:

The cochlea, dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electrochemical impulses which are passed on to the brain via the auditory nerve.

The vestibular system, dedicated to balance.

The inner ear is found in all vertebrates, with substantial variations in form and function. The inner ear is innervated by the eighth cranial nerve in all vertebrates.