hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 6045
NGC 6045 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 450 million light-years away in the constellation Hercules. NGC 6045 was discovered by astronomer Lewis Swift on June 27, 1886 and is a member of the Hercules Cluster. It is also a LINER galaxy.

Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region
A low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) is a type of galactic nucleus that is defined by its spectral line emission.  The spectra typically include line emission from weakly ionized or neutral atoms, such as O, O+, N+, and S+.  Conversely, the spectral line emission from strongly ionized atoms, such as O++, Ne++, and He+, is relatively weak.  The class of galactic nuclei was first identified by Timothy Heckman in the third of a series of papers on the spectra of galactic nuclei that were published in 1980.
Givens rotation
In numerical linear algebra, a Givens rotation is a rotation in the plane spanned by two coordinates axes. Givens rotations are named after Wallace Givens, who introduced them to numerical analysts in the 1950s while he was working at Argonne National Laboratory.

Euler angles
The Euler angles are three angles introduced by Leonhard Euler to describe the orientation of a rigid body with respect to a fixed coordinate system.

They can also represent the orientation of a mobile frame of reference in physics or the orientation of a general basis in  three dimensional linear algebra.

Classic Euler angles usually take the inclination angle in such a way that zero degrees represent the vertical orientation. Alternative forms were later introduced by Peter Guthrie Tait and George H. Bryan intended for use in aeronautics and engineering in which zero degrees represent the horizontal position.
Siege of Hlukhiv
The siege of Hlukhiv (Ukrainian: Облога Глухова, Глухів, Russian: Осада Глухова, Глухов, Polish: Oblężenie Głuchowa, Głuchów; January 22 — 9 February 1664) was a battle of the Muscovite–Polish War (1654–1667). Near the site of the present-day city of Hlukhiv in Ukraine, the forces of the Polish King John II Casimir, numbering around 50,000–53,000 men, unsuccessfully besieged the Muscovite–Ukrainian Garrison of Hlukhiv and finally retreated under pressure from the Muscovite and Ukrainian Armies under the command of the Muscovite Prince Grigory Romodanovsky and the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky. The siege and the following retreat, during which the Crown Army and Crimean Tatars became the target of the Muscovite and Ukrainian attacks with around 45,000 men, proved to be one of the worst defeats in the whole course of war. The Polish King John II Casimir survived and was able to escape from the battlefield.

Crown Army
The Crown Army (Polish: Armia koronna) was the land service branch of the military forces of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It existed from the establishment of the federation in 1569 until the Third Partition of Poland in 1795.
Quiet World (album)
Quiet World is the debut and, as of 2026, only studio album by American progressive metal band Native Construct, released on April 21, 2015, via Metal Blade.

Two singles were released from the album, each with an accompanying video: "The Spark of the Archon", on March 30; and "Mute", on November 25.

Metal Blade Records
Metal Blade Records (often shortened to Metal Blade) is an American independent record label founded by Brian Slagel in 1982 based in the U.S. state of California. The label primarily focuses on heavy metal.
Floyd Burdette
Floyd B. Burdette (September 5, 1914 – December 1, 1995) was a head coach for both the Alabama and Tennessee–Martin Skyhawks men's basketball teams. Born in Martin, Tennessee, Burdette played college basketball for one season at UT Junior College and three at Murray State University from 1935 to 1938. In all four season he competed, Burdette led his team in scoring and was an all-conference selection. He then attended Oklahoma A&M where he both coached and played in 1944 before he began his head coaching career.

Murray State University
Murray State University (MSU) is a public university in Murray, Kentucky, United States. In addition to the main campus in Calloway County in southwestern Kentucky, Murray State operates extended campuses offering upper-level and graduate courses in Paducah, Hopkinsville, Madisonville, and Henderson.
Arkansas Highway 290
Arkansas Highway 290 (AR 290) is an east–west state highway in Garland County, Arkansas. The route of 10.06 miles (16.19 km) runs from Highway 7 at Lake Hamilton east to Highway 171 west of Lake Catherine State Park.

Lake Catherine State Park
Lake Catherine State Park is a 2,180-acre (880 ha) public recreation area located on the south shore of Lake Catherine, eight miles (13 km) southeast of Hot Springs, Arkansas. The park was built in the 1930s by the Civilian Conservation Corps. Three stone-and-wood cabins, a former concessions building, and a bridge constructed in the Corps' rustic architecture style are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Battle of Tullich
The Battle of Tullich, also known as the Battle of the Pass near Tullich, occurred on 10 February 1654 in Tullich, Scotland during Glencairn's rising. A Royalist force led by Ewen Cameron of Lochiel, under command of Glencairn, repulsed an attack by the numerically superior Commonwealth forces of Robert Lilburne.

Robert Lilburne
Robert Lilburne (1613–1665) is most notable as the elder brother of radical Leveller agitator John Lilburne. During the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, when the English Parliament fought against King Charles I, he had a distinguished military career as a colonel in the Parliamentarian armies; he was most prominent during the Second English Civil War in Scotland, as an officer of Oliver Cromwell in the New Model Army. Under Cromwell's rule as Lord Protector, he was elected as an MP to all three Protectorate Parliaments and raised to the rank of deputy major-general. In 1660 he took arms to resist the restoration of the monarchy.

In January 1649, he was a signatory to the death warrant of King Charles I, for which he was tried and convicted of treason as a regicide in October 1660. He died in prison in August 1665.
Tandia language
Tandia is a recently extinct Austronesian language. Most speakers have shifted to Wandamen. In 1991, there were worldwide only two speakers of Tandia, both of whom lived just south of the Wohsimi River on the Wandamen Peninsula, Irian Jaya Province, Indonesia. It was confirmed to be a living language in 2009, but, by 2024, it was found to have gone extinct by a linguistic survey team.

It was a primary branch of the South Halmahera–West New Guinea languages.

Wamesa language
Wamesa is an Austronesian language of Indonesian New Guinea, spoken across the neck of the Doberai Peninsula or Bird's Head. There are currently 5,000–8,000 speakers. While it was historically used as a lingua franca, it is currently considered an under-documented, endangered language. This means that fewer and fewer children have an active command of Wamesa. Instead, Papuan Malay has become increasingly dominant in the area.
1981 African Youth Championship
The 1981 African Youth Championship was the 3rd edition of the biennial African qualification tournament for the FIFA World Youth Championship which was contested on a home-and-away two-legged basis.

Egypt beat Cameroon 3–1 on aggregate in the final to claim their inaugural title, although both teams qualified for the 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship in Australia.

Egypt national under-20 football team
The Egypt national under-20 football team is the national youth team of Egypt. It is administered by the Egyptian Football Association.

Their best performance in the U-20 World Cup was a third-place finish in 2001. This remains the highest result Egypt has achieved in any International World Cup.

Their nickname, The Young Pharaohs is an obvious reference to the nickname of the National Team, The Pharaohs.

Egypt hosted the 2009 U-20 World Cup.
Adam Dedio
Adam Dedio (24 December 1918 – 14 April 1947) was a Polish Home Army officer during World War II. He fought in the battle of Kock in 1939 and the Warsaw Uprising in 1944, He was a Polish Navy officer from 1945 to 1947, who was executed after a show trial in 1947.

Battle of Kock (1939)
The Battle of Kock was the final battle in the invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War II in Europe. It took place from 2 to 5 October 1939, near the town of Kock in Poland.: 12, 84  The Polish Independent Operational Group Polesie, led by General Franciszek Kleeberg, fought the German XIV Motorized Corps, which were led by General Gustav Anton von Wietersheim.: 12, 84
Mount Pureora
Pureora  (known more usually as Mount Pureora to avoid confusion with the township, locality and Forest Park) is an extinct 1,165 metres (3,822 ft) high basaltic andesite stratovolcano located in the Pureora Forest Park between Lake Taupō and Te Kūiti on the North Island Volcanic Plateau in New Zealand. The area of the mountain is in a scenic reserve that is  "recognised as one of the finest rain forests in the world".

Lake Taupō
Lake Taupō (also spelled Taupo; Māori: Taupō-nui-a-Tia or Taupōmoana) is a large crater lake in New Zealand's North Island, located in the caldera of Taupō Volcano.  The lake is the namesake of the town of Taupō, which sits on a bay in the lake's northeastern shore. With a surface area of 616 km2 (238 sq mi), it is the largest lake by surface area in New Zealand, and the second largest freshwater lake by surface area in geopolitical Oceania after Lake Murray in Papua New Guinea. Motutaiko Island lies in the southeastern area of the lake.
Bethnal Green (London County Council constituency)
Bethnal Green was a constituency used for elections to the London County Council between 1949 and the council's abolition, in 1965.  The seat shared boundaries with the UK Parliament constituency of the same name.

Bethnal Green (UK Parliament constituency)
Bethnal Green was a parliamentary constituency in the Bethnal Green area of the East End of London, which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1950 until it was abolished for the February 1974 general election.

It was then partly replaced by the new Bethnal Green and Bow constituency.
194 Prokne
194 Prokne is a main-belt asteroid that was discovered by German-American astronomer C. H. F. Peters on March 21, 1879, in Clinton, New York, and named after Procne, the sister of Philomela in Greek mythology. Stellar occultations by Prokne have been observed twice, in 1984 from Italy and again in 1999 from Iowa (United States).

Observations from the W. M. Keck Observatory show the asteroid to be around 151 km across, with a size ratio of 1.13±0.06 between the major and minor axes. For comparison, observations by the IRAS observatory gave a diameter of 164 km. The spectrum matches a classification of a C-type asteroid, indicating it has a primitive carbonaceous composition. Judging from radar data, the near surface solid density of the asteroid is 3.6+1.1−0.9 g cm−3.

Based upon a light curve that was generated from photometric observations of this asteroid at Pulkovo Observatory, it has a rotation period of 15.679±0.001 hours and varies in brightness by 0.16±0.02 in magnitude.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
Brittani Nichols
Brittani Nichols (born June 20, 1988) is an American producer, actress, comedian, and writer. In 2016, Nichols wrote, produced, and starred in the film Suicide Kale, which won the Audience Award for Best U.S. Dramatic Feature at 2016 Outfest. She has written for the television programs A Black Lady Sketch Show, Take My Wife, Strangers, and Drop the Mic. Nichols is a writer and producer for Abbott Elementary and won the Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series award at the 54th NAACP Image Awards for the episode "Student Transfer". As part of the producing team of Abbott Elementary, Nichols was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 2023 and 2024.

Strangers (2017 TV series)
Strangers is an American comedy-drama series created by Mia Lidofsky that premiered on September 4, 2017, on Facebook Watch. The series stars Zoë Chao and Meredith Hagner and is executive produced by Lidofsky, Jesse Peretz, Michael B. Clark, Alex Turtletaub, M. Blair Brown, and Neena Beber.
Sam Iorio
Sam Iorio (Hebrew: סם איוריו; born August 31, 1998) is an American-Israeli professional basketball player. He currently plays forward for Hapoel Be'er Sheva of the Israeli Basketball Premier League.

At Parkland High School in Allentown, Pennsylvania, where he graduated in 2017, he was the school's all-time leading career scorer. In college, he played for American University for two seasons, for the University of South Alabama for one season, and for Niagara University for two seasons. He won a gold medal with Team USA at the 2022 Maccabiah Games in Israel. In 2023, he signed a three-year contract with Hapoel Be'er Sheva.

Niagara University
Niagara University (NU) is a private Catholic university in Lewiston, New York, United States. Based in the Vincentian tradition, it is run by the Congregation of the Mission and enrolls approximately 3,700 students. Approximately half of the student body lives on campus, while the other half commute from the surrounding area. The campus area was listed as a census-designated place in 2020, with a population of 940.
2017–18 RFU Senior Vase
The 2017–18 RFU Senior Vase is the 12th version of the RFU Senior Vase national cup competition for clubs at level 8 of the English rugby union system.  The competition consists of 94 clubs divided into four regions.  The winners of each region then advance to the national semi-finals with the final being held at Twickenham Stadium in London at the end of the season, along with the RFU Intermediate Cup and RFU Junior Vase finals.

The 2017–18 champions were Wath-upon-Dearne, who pipped Cornish side Saltash, 22–18 in an entertaining final.  It was Wath-upon-Dearne's second final in the competition, having lost to south-west side, Wells, in the 2012 edition.  By claiming the vase they also replicated West Leeds (winners in 2016) to become the second Yorkshire club to win the competition since its inception back in the 2006–07 season.

RFU Junior Vase
The RFU Junior Vase is a rugby union national knockout cup competition in England run by the Rugby Football Union, which has been competed for since 1990.  It is mostly contested by 1st XV teams at level 9 of the English rugby union system, although sides as low as level 12 or even outside the league system can sometimes enter. The competition is a national one, but split into regions until the national semi-finals with the final being held at Twickenham Stadium in London.  Presently, the RFU Junior Vase is the fifth most important club cup competition in England, behind the Premiership Rugby Cup, RFU Championship Cup, RFU Intermediate Cup and RFU Senior Vase.
The War Bride
The War Bride is a 2001 drama film directed by Lyndon Chubbuck and written by Angela Workman. It is a Canadian–British co-production.

The film stars Anna Friel as Lily and Julie Cox as Sophie, two young women from London, England, who marry Canadian soldiers (Aden Young and Benjamin Boyd) during World War II, and move to Canada as war brides. The film's cast also includes Brenda Fricker, Loren Dean, Caroline Cave and Molly Parker.

Loren Dean
Loren Dean (born July 31, 1969) is an American actor who has appeared on stage and in feature films, including as the title character in Billy Bathgate, as well as Apollo 13, Rosewood, Space Cowboys, and Ad Astra. He appeared in a recurring role on the television series Bones.
Oleg Shatskikh
Oleg Aleksandrovich Shatskikh (Russian: Олег Александрович Шацких; born 15 October 1974), is an Uzbek former professional footballer who played as a forward in the Uzbek League. His brother Maksim Shatskikh is also a former footballer.

Uzbekistan Super League
Uzbekistan Super League (Uzbek: Ўзбекистон Суперлигаси), known as Artel Super League due to sponsorship reasons (Uzbek: Artel Superligasi) is the top division of professional football in Uzbekistan. It is operated under the auspices of the Uzbekistan Professional Football League. It was founded in 1992 and currently has 16 teams. The top team qualifies to the group stage of the AFC Champions League.
Legend of Dragon Pearl
The Legend of Dragon Pearl (Chinese: 龙珠传奇) is a 2017 Chinese television series starring Yang Zi, Qin Junjie, Shu Chang and Mao Zijun. The series premiered on Anhui TV and Beijing TV on 8 May 2017. The show aired two episodes per day from Monday to Wednesday at 22:00 (CST). VIP members of Youku could view 12 episodes per week.

Shu Chang (actress)
Shu Chang (Chinese: 舒畅, born 1 December 1987) is a Chinese actress, singer, and television host. In the early 2000s, Shu gained considerable fame for her roles as Consort Donggo in Xiaozhuang Mishi (2003); Jin Meili in The Story of a Noble Family (2003); Tianshan Tonglao in Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils (2003); Princess Yun in Huang Taizi Mishi (2004); Shui Sheng in A Deadly Secret (2004); Jingwei in Jingwei Tianhai (2004) and Xiaoyu in Lotus Lantern (2005).
1999 Intercontinental final
The 1999 Intercontinental Final was the twenty-first running of the Intercontinental Final and was the second last qualifying stage for Motorcycle speedway riders to qualify for the 2000 Speedway Grand Prix series. The Final was run on 18 July at the Poole Stadium in Poole, England.

Poole Stadium
Poole Stadium is a speedway and former greyhound racing venue located in the town centre of Poole, Dorset in England. The stadium is owned by the Borough of Poole. It was built in the early 1930s in an attempt to provide a source of entertainment to the residents of Poole during the Great Depression. It is also often referred to as Wimborne Road, which is a road that runs adjacent to the stadium. During weekdays, the stadium's large car park is used to provide parking for Poole Hospital's park and ride scheme. On 22 September 2020 the permanent closure of greyhound racing at the site was announced.
Kannil Theriyum Kathaikal
Kannil Theriyum Kathaikal (transl. Stories in the eyes) is a 1980 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Devaraj–Mohan and produced by A. L. Raghavan. The film stars Sarath Babu, Sripriya, Vadivukkarasi and M. N. Rajam. The songs for this film were composed by five composers: K. V. Mahadevan, G. K. Venkatesh, Shankar–Ganesh  (a duo), T. R. Pappa (credited as Agathiyar) and Ilaiyaraaja. The film, released on 14 March 1980, failed commercially.

Devaraj–Mohan
Devaraj–Mohan was a directing duo of the Indian film industry, mainly of Tamil-language films. They were known for quality films made on a low budget, thus giving a very reasonable profit for almost every film. The duo is also notable for launching one of the most prolific Indian composers, Ilaiyaraaja through their film Annakili.

Actor Sivakumar played the lead in most of their films. After 1980, the duo split and Devaraj directed some films. Mohan died in 2012, and Devaraj died by 2018.
1988 Players Championship
The 1988 Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held March 24–27 at TPC Sawgrass in Ponte Vedra Beach, southeast of Jacksonville. It was the fifteenth Players Championship and the first without "Tournament" in the title.

Local resident Mark McCumber opened with 65 and won with 273 (−15), four strokes ahead of runner-up Mike Reid. McCumber's 72-hole score at the Stadium Course set a record; it was equaled in 1992 and broken in 1993.

Jay Haas was disqualified on Thursday after playing with a bent putter. Davis Love III had a similar occurrence on Friday, while Curtis Strange reported that he signed an incorrect scorecard. (Strange won the next two U.S. Opens.)

Weather delays on Saturday caused the leaders to complete only a few holes of the third round; play was resumed early on Sunday morning.

Defending champion Sandy Lyle missed the 36-hole cut by six strokes, and the purse was increased 25% this year to $1.25 million.

Davis Love III
Davis Milton Love III (born April 13, 1964) is an American professional golfer who has won 21 events on the PGA Tour, including one major championship: the 1997 PGA Championship. He won the Players Championship in 1992 and 2003. He was in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Ranking for over 450 weeks, reaching a high ranking of 2nd.  He captained the U.S. Ryder Cup teams in 2012 and 2016. Love was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2017.
Juba Air Cargo
Juba Air Cargo was a cargo airline based in Khartoum, Sudan. It was established in 1996 and operated domestic cargo services. Its main base was at Khartoum International Airport. In 2008 the airline ceased all operations.

Khartoum International Airport
Khartoum International Airport (IATA: KRT, ICAO: HSSK) (Arabic: مطار الخرطوم الدولي) is the principal airport in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan. The airport was shut down from 15 April 2023 to 25 March 2025 at the Battle of Khartoum during the Sudanese civil war.
Symphony No. 3 (Raff)
Symphony No. 3 in F major, Im Walde (In the Forest), was composed by Joachim Raff in Wiesbaden in 1869 and was premiered in 1870 in Weimar. Along with his Fifth Symphony, it was one of his most successful and frequently performed works during his lifetime and it earned him a reputation as a symphonist. An American critic named it "the best symphony of modern times" while Hans von Bülow described the symphony's success as "colossal". It was published in 1871 by Kistner of Leipzig. A typical performance lasts for about 45 minutes.

As a Romantic, Raff was deeply inspired by nature. As such, six of his nine programme symphonies are related to nature.

Hans von Bülow
Freiherr Hans Guido von Bülow (German: [ˌhans fɔn ˈbyːlo] ⓘ; 8 January 1830 – 12 February 1894) was a German conductor, pianist, and composer of the Romantic era. As one of the most distinguished conductors of the 19th century, his activity was critical for establishing the successes of several major composers of the time, especially Richard Wagner and Johannes Brahms. Alongside Carl Tausig, Bülow was perhaps the most prominent of the early students of the Hungarian composer, pianist and conductor Franz Liszt; he gave the first public performance of Liszt's Sonata in B minor in 1857. He became acquainted with, fell in love with and eventually married Liszt's daughter Cosima, who later left him for Wagner. Noted for his interpretation of the works of Ludwig van Beethoven, he was one of the earliest European musicians to tour the United States.
Jerrie W. Lee
Jerrie Wellington Lee (1890–1971) was an American rancher in the state of Arizona who sought the office of Governor of Arizona four times as the Republican nominee, in 1938, 1940, 1942 and 1944. He served as the secretary of the Arizona Wool Growers Association.

1938 Arizona gubernatorial election
The 1938 Arizona gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1938. Incumbent Governor Rawghlie Clement Stanford declined to run for reelection, with pharmacy and cattle ranch owner Robert Taylor Jones winning the Democratic nomination to succeed Stanford.

Robert Taylor Jones defeated Jerrie W. Lee in the general election, and was sworn into his first and only term as Governor on January 2, 1939, becoming Arizona's sixth Governor.