hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alden Mason (artist)
Alden Lee Mason, né Carlson (July 14, 1919 – February 6, 2013) was an American painter from Washington known for creating abstract and figurative artwork.  Mason was a professor of art at the University of Washington for over 30 years. His painting are held in a number of public collections including the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Seattle Art Museum, the Portland Art Museum, and the Milwaukee Art Museum.

Seattle Art Museum
The Seattle Art Museum (commonly known as SAM) is an art museum located in Seattle, Washington, United States. The museum operates three major facilities: its main museum in downtown Seattle; the Seattle Asian Art Museum in Volunteer Park, Capitol Hill; and Olympic Sculpture Park on the central Seattle waterfront, which opened in 2007.
Moses (Rubinstein)
Moses is an 1892 sacred opera in eight scenes by Anton Rubinstein. The German libretto was written by Salomon Hermann Mosenthal who had earlier supplied Rubinstein with the libretto for his most successful opera Die Maccabäer (1875), and is best known as author of the libretto Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor by Otto Nicolai. The opera was scheduled to be premiered in Prague, but had to be cancelled after two rehearsals at the Neues Deutsches Theater (25 and 27 June). In the next three years the work received concert performances in Riga (20 February 1894) through the influence of the founder of the Bach Society there, as well as St. Petersburg, Bonn, Amsterdam, Cologne and Vienna. There is no firm evidence that the entire opera was ever performed on the stage in its entirety. The opera was revived 15 October 2017 in Warsaw, in what may have been the first complete performance.

The Merry Wives of Windsor (opera)
Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor, or The Merry Wives of Windsor, is an 1849 opera in three acts by Otto Nicolai to a German libretto by Salomon Hermann Mosenthal based on Shakespeare's play. Published as a comical-fantastical work in three acts with dance (komisch-phantastische Oper in 3 Akten mit Tanz), its structure is musical numbers linked by spoken dialogue, harkening back to the then-outmoded Singspiel format. It remains popular in Germany and Austria and its overture is sometimes heard in concert in other countries.
Roxanne Johnson
Roxanne L. Johnson is an American chemist specialized in developing and applying quantitative methods to determine nutrients, organic and inorganic carbon and total suspended solids in estuarine seawater systems. She works for the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

Carbon compounds
Carbon compounds are chemical substances containing carbon. More compounds of carbon exist than any other chemical element except for hydrogen. Organic carbon compounds are far more numerous than inorganic carbon compounds. In general bonds of carbon with other elements are covalent bonds. Carbon is tetravalent but carbon free radicals and carbenes occur as short-lived intermediates. Ions of carbon are carbocations and carbanions are also short-lived. An important carbon property is catenation as the ability to form long carbon chains and rings.
Étienne Bacrot
Étienne Bacrot (French pronunciation: [etjɛn bakʁo]; born 22 January 1983) is a French chess grandmaster, and as a child, a chess prodigy.

He competed at the Candidates Matches in 2007 and won the Aeroflot Open in 2009. He passed 2700 FIDE rating in 2004 and in January 2005 he became the first French player to enter the top 10.

Bacrot won an individual bronze medal at the 37th Chess Olympiad in 2006 for his performance on board one, as well as four medals at the World Team Championships.

Ruslan Ponomariov
Ruslan Olehovych Ponomariov (Ukrainian: Русла́н Оле́гович Пономарьо́в; born 11 October 1983) is a Ukrainian chess grandmaster. He was FIDE World Chess Champion from 2002 to 2004 and is the youngest holder of the title at the age of 18 years and 104 days, though the title was split at the time. He won the Ukrainian Chess Championship in 2011.

He was runner-up in the Chess World Cup 2005 and Chess World Cup 2009, and reached the semi-finals in 2011 and the quarterfinals in 2007.
Michael Bruce (composer)
Michael Bruce (born 22 November 1983) is a Scottish composer and lyricist working in theatre, television and film. He was composer-in-residence at the Donmar Warehouse theatre during Josie Rourke's artistic directorship there from 2012 to 2019.

His theatre credits include Much Ado About Nothing (2011) with David Tennant and Catherine Tate, Coriolanus (2013) with Tom Hiddleston, Twelfth Night (2017) with Tamsin Greig and Antony & Cleopatra (2018) with Ralph Fiennes, as well as the 2021 made-for-TV Romeo & Juliet with Josh O'Connor and Jessie Buckley. In 2022, he wrote original songs for the Netflix mockumentary Hard Cell.

Donmar Warehouse
The Donmar Warehouse is a 251-seat, not-for-profit Off-West End theatre in Covent Garden, London, England. It first opened on 18 July 1977.

Sam Mendes, Michael Grandage, Josie Rourke and Michael Longhurst have all served as artistic director, a post held since March 2024 by Tim Sheader. The theatre produces new writing, contemporary reappraisals of European classics, British and American drama and small-scale musical theatre.

As well as presenting at least six productions a year at its home in Covent Garden, as well transferring shows to the West End, Broadway and elsewhere.
Andrew Brown (minister)
Andrew Brown FRSE (22 August 1763 – 19 February 1834) was Professor of Rhetoric at the University of Edinburgh and Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1813. He was also a historian and author, closely connected to the history of Nova Scotia having served as a minister at St. Matthew's United Church in Halifax.

Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the minister or elder chosen to moderate (chair) the annual General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which is held for a week in Edinburgh every year. After chairing the Assembly, the Moderator then spends the following year representing the Church of Scotland at civic events, and visiting congregations and projects in Scotland and beyond.

As the Church of Scotland is Scotland's national church, and as a presbyterian church has no bishops, the Moderator is – arguably alongside the Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland – the most prominent figure in the life of Church of Scotland adherents.
Christine Murray
Christine Murray is a Canadian-born architecture writer, critic and former editor of The Architectural Review and Architects' Journal, and a contributor to Dezeen and The Guardian. She is founder and editor of The Developer magazine.

Murray was named an honorary fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 2016 for her contribution to architecture and was named an honorary fellow of Royal Incorporation of Architects In Scotland in 2022.

The Architectural Review
The Architectural Review is a monthly international architectural magazine. It has been published in London since 1896. Its articles cover the built environment – which includes landscape, building design, interior design and urbanism – as well as theory of these subjects.
Potter Park Zoo
The Potter Park Zoo is a 102-acre (41.3 ha) zoo located in Lansing, Michigan, within Lansing's Potter Park. Its mission is to Inspire people to conserve animals in the natural world. Potter Park Zoo is the oldest public zoo in Michigan and is currently home to over 160 species of animals. The zoo is owned by the City of Lansing, and operated by Ingham County. The zoo participates in the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) Species Survival Plan (SSP) designed to manage and conserve threatened or endangered animals.  The Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine partners with the zoo to provide medical care for its animals.

Species Survival Plan
The American Species Survival Plan or SSP program was developed in 1981 by the (American) Association of Zoos and Aquariums to help ensure the survival of selected species in zoos and aquariums, most of which are threatened or endangered in the wild.
Laser surface velocimeter
A laser surface velocimeter (LSV) is a non-contact optical speed sensor measuring velocity and length on moving surfaces. Laser surface velocimeters use the laser Doppler principle to evaluate the laser light scattered back from a moving object. They are widely used for process and quality control in industrial production processes.

According to J. Cimbala, in the case of laser Doppler velocimeter, the use of the term Doppler is a misnomer because no Doppler shift measurement is involved in the technique.

Speedometer
A speedometer or speed meter is a gauge that measures and displays the instantaneous speed of a vehicle. Now universally fitted to motor vehicles, they started to be available as options in the early 20th century, and as standard equipment from about 1910 onwards. Other vehicles may use devices analogous to the speedometer with different means of sensing speed, eg. boats use a pit log, while aircraft use an airspeed indicator.

Charles Babbage is credited with creating an early type of a speedometer, which was usually fitted to locomotives.

The electric speedometer was invented by the Croat Josip Belušić in 1888 and was originally called a velocimeter.
What Darwin Got Wrong
What Darwin Got Wrong is a 2010 book by philosopher Jerry Fodor and cognitive scientist Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini, in which the authors criticize Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. It is an extension of an argument first presented as "Why Pigs Don't Have Wings" in the London Review of Books.

London Review of Books
The London Review of Books (LRB) is a British literary magazine published semimonthly that features articles and essays on fiction and non-fiction subjects, which are usually structured as book reviews.
Sheriff Hill Colliery
Sheriff Hill Colliery or  Ellison Main Colliery was a coal mine at Gateshead Fell in County Durham, England.  The colliery had two shafts and provided employment to the residents of Sheriff Hill, after it  opened in 1793.  There were many major accidents resulting in the deaths of workers at the colliery. There was a protracted strike at the colliery in 1834.  The colliery closed in 1926.

Gateshead Fell
Gateshead Fell was a district in County Durham, England. It was located on the immediate border of the town of Gateshead, 2.3 miles from the city of Newcastle upon Tyne. Once described as a "dark, spongy moor", Gateshead Fell existed in some form for almost nine hundred years before it was enclosed in 1809 and divided into a number of villages, notably Sheriff Hill, Low Fell and Wrekenton, which were themselves absorbed by the urban expansion of Gateshead and were officially incorporated into the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead with the passing of the Local Government Act in 1974.
Sheringa, South Australia
Sheringa (Nauo: Dyaringa) is a coastal locality on the western side of Eyre Peninsula in South Australia on the Great Australian Bight.

The Flinders Highway runs through Sheringa. Sheringa is located on the highway, containing a hall, Church, CFS and Roadhouse. Surf Life Saving Australia describes Sheringa Beach as "a relatively popular spot for sightseers, while the local surfers and fishers use the beach".

Eyre Peninsula
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded by the Spencer Gulf on the east, the Great Australian Bight on the west, and the Gawler Ranges to the north.

Earlier called Eyre's Peninsula, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre, who explored parts of the peninsula in 1839–41. The coastline was first charted by the expeditions of Matthew Flinders in 1801–02 and French explorer Nicolas Baudin around the same time. Flinders also named the nearby Yorke's Peninsula and Spencer's Gulph on the same voyage.

The peninsula's economy is primarily agricultural, with growing aquaculture, mining, and tourism sectors. The main towns are Port Lincoln in the south, Whyalla and Port Augusta in the northeast, and Ceduna in the northwest. Port Lincoln (Galinyala in Barngarla), Whyalla and Port Augusta (Goordnada) are part of the Barngarla Aboriginal country.: 230  Ceduna is within Wirangu country.
Ysselsteyn
Ysselsteyn is a village in the municipality of Venray in Limburg, Netherlands. It was established in 1921 and named after its designer, Hendrik Albert van IJsselsteyn, then Minister of Agriculture. Ysselsteyn has an extensive hog raising industry.

The Catholic St Oda Church is a square aisleless church with ridge turret. In 1944, it was damaged by war and rebuilt in 1947. In 1975, a carillon was built next to the church.

Ysselsteyn's main object of interest is the Ysselsteyn German war cemetery at Timmermansweg 73, which covers about 28 hectares (69 acres) and contains the graves of 31,598 German war dead, most of whom who died in the Netherlands during World War II.

Venray
Venray or Venraij (pronounced [ʋɛnˈraːi] ⓘ; Limburgish: Venroj) is a municipality and a city in Limburg, the Netherlands.

The municipality of Venray consists of 14 towns over an area of 165 km2 (64 sq mi), with 43,494 inhabitants as of July 2016. About 30,000 of those inhabitants live in the city of Venray; the other 13,000 live in one of the 13 surrounding towns.
Northern Samar
Northern Samar (Waray: Amihanan Samar/Norte san Samar; Tagalog: Hilagang Samar), officially the Province of Northern Samar, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is Catarman, the most populous town in the province and is located at the northern portion of the island of Samar. Bordering the province to the south are the provinces of Samar and Eastern Samar. To the northwest, across the San Bernardino Strait is Sorsogon; to the east is the Philippine Sea of the Pacific Ocean and to the west is Samar Sea.

San Bernardino Strait
The San Bernardino Strait (Filipino: Kipot ng San Bernardino) is a strait in the Philippines, connecting the Samar Sea with the Philippine Sea.  It separates the Bicol Peninsula of Luzon from Samar of Visayas.
Maranoa Heights
Maranoa Heights is a residential neighbourhood of the suburb of Kingston in the greater Hobart area of Tasmania, Australia. It is largely within the southern part of the area contained by the B68 Channel Highway, the C628 Roslyn Avenue and Algona Road. Maranoa Heights contains large areas of recreational woodland accessed by walking tracks and overlooks the coastal suburbs of Kingston Beach and Blackmans Bay. Maranoa Heights is home to the Boronia Hill Flora Track.

Kingston, Tasmania
Kingston is a town on the outskirts of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.  Nestled 12 km (7.5 mi) south of the city between and around several hills, Kingston is the seat of the Kingborough Council, and today serves as the gateway between Hobart and the D'Entrecasteaux Channel region, which meets the Derwent River nearby.  It is one of the fastest-growing regions in Tasmania. The Kingston-Huntingfield statistical area had an estimated population of 13,473 in June 2021.

Although the Kingston-Blackmans Bay region is statistically classed as a separate urban area to Hobart by the ABS, Kingston is also part of the Greater Hobart statistical area.
Athletics abbreviations
The sports under the umbrella of athletics, particularly track and field, use a variety of statistics.  In order to report that information efficiently, numerous abbreviations have grown to be common in the sport. Starting in 1948 by Bert Nelson and Cordner Nelson, Track & Field News became the leader in creating and defining abbreviations in this field. These abbreviations have also been adopted by, among others: World Athletics, the world governing body; various domestic governing bodies; the Association of Track and Field Statisticians; the Association of Road Racing Statisticians; the Associated Press; and individual media outlets who receive their reports. These abbreviations also appear in Wikipedia.

Association of Road Racing Statisticians
The Association of Road Racing Statisticians is an independent, non-profit organization that collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics regarding road running races. The primary purpose of the ARRS is to maintain a valid list of world road records for standard race distances  and to establish valid criteria for road record-keeping.  The official publication of the ARRS is the Analytical Distance Runner. This newsletter contains recent race results and analysis and is distributed to subscribers via e-mail. The ARRS is the only organized group that maintains records on indoor marathons.
Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres hurdles
The men's 400 metres hurdles at the 2000 Summer Olympics as part of the athletics programme were held at Stadium Australia on Sunday 24 September, Monday 25 September and Wednesday 27 September 2000. There were 62 competitors from 45 nations. The event was won by 0.03 seconds by Angelo Taylor of the United States, the nation's fifth consecutive and 17th overall victory in the event. Saudi Arabia and South Africa each earned their first medals in the men's 400 metres hurdles, as Hadi Souan Somayli took silver and Llewellyn Herbert received bronze.

Angelo Taylor
Angelo F. Taylor (born December 29, 1978) is an American track and field athlete, winner of 400-meter hurdles at the 2000 and 2008 Summer Olympics. His personal record for the hurdles event is 47.25 seconds. His time puts him in a tie with Félix Sánchez for the #14 performer of all time. Sánchez also won two Olympic gold medals, in 2004 between Taylor's two golds and 2012, immediately following. Taylor also has a 400-meter dash best of 44.05 seconds, ranking him as the joint 29th performer of all time. He won the bronze medal in the 400 m at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics.

He is a three-time world champion in the 4 × 400 m relay with the United States (2007, 2009 and 2011), and was also a relay gold medalist at the 2008 Beijing Olympics and silver medalist at the 2012 London Olympics.

Since 2019, Taylor has been serving a ban from the United States Center for SafeSport for his 2006 criminal convictions involving minors.
American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) is a scholarly online encyclopedia with around 900 articles about philosophy, philosophers, and related topics. The IEP publishes only peer-reviewed and blind-refereed original papers. Contribution is generally by invitation. Contributors come from 35 countries, according to the encyclopedia's "representative list", and are recognized as leading international specialists within their field.
Tramway from Verneuil-l'Étang to Melun
The tramway from Verneuil-l'Étang to Melun, also known as the Verneuil tacot or Verneuil tramway, was one of the secondary railway lines in Seine-et-Marne, operated from 1901 to 1950 by the Société générale des chemins de fer économiques (SE), of which it was the first line in the department. It connected Melun to Verneuil-l'Étang. The line was 18.390 km long and took one hour to cover on a one-meter gauge track. Passenger numbers increased until 1914, but the war subsequently disrupted its traffic. Between the two World Wars, buses competed with it for passenger traffic. The line’s profitability then declined, and it was eventually used only by the sugar industry before its closure and dismantling.

Verneuil-l'Étang
Verneuil-l'Étang (French pronunciation: [vɛʁnœj letɑ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Verneuil-l'Étang station has rail connections to Provins, Longueville and Paris.
On the Verge (TV series)
On the Verge is a comedy-drama television series created by and starring Julie Delpy, alongside Elisabeth Shue, Sarah Jones, Alexia Landeau, Mathieu Demy, Troy Garity, Timm Sharp, and Giovanni Ribisi. Produced by The Film TV, in association with Canal+, and it premiered on September 7, 2021 internationally on Netflix and on OCS in France.

Alexia Landeau
Alexia Landeau (born February 12, 1975) is a French actress. She has appeared in films such as Moonlight Mile, Marie Antoinette, 2 Days in Paris, and 2 Days in New York. She starred in Zoe Cassavetes' Day Out of Days, which premiered at the 2015 Los Angeles Film Festival.

After growing up in Paris, she moved to the United States at age 16. In 2007 she married Guilhem de Castelbajac, the artist son of French designer Jean-Charles de Castelbajac. She lives in Brooklyn.
1972 Swedish Open
The 1972 Swedish Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts held in Båstad, Sweden. It was classified as a Group C category tournament and was part of the 1972 Grand Prix circuit. It was the 25th edition of the tournament and was held from 10 July until 16 July 1972. Manuel Orantes won the singles title.

Manuel Orantes
Manuel Orantes Corral (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnwel oˈɾantes koˈral]; born 6 February 1949) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. He won 36 career singles titles, including the 1975 US Open, defeating defending champion Jimmy Connors in the final. Orantes reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2.
I'm Living with an Otaku NEET Kunoichi!?
I'm Living with an Otaku NEET Kunoichi!? (ニートくノ一となぜか同棲はじめました, Nīto Kunoichi to Nazeka Dōsei Hajimemashita; lit. 'For Some Reason I Started Living with a NEET Kunoichi') is a Japanese web manga series storyboarded by Yakitomato and illustrated by Kotatsu. Kotatsu started publishing the manga on his Twitter account in January 2020, and started publishing it on Niconico Seiga's No. 9 Comic in February of that same year. ASCII Media Works started publishing the volumes in print in August 2021. An anime television series adaptation produced by Quad aired from January to June 2025.

Niconico
Niconico, Inc. (Japanese: ニコニコ, Hepburn: Nikoniko), known before 2012 as Nico Nico Douga (ニコニコ動画, Niko Niko Dōga), is a Japanese video sharing service based in Tokyo, Japan. "Niconico" or "nikoniko" is the Japanese ideophone for smiling. As of 2021, Niconico is the 34th most-visited website in Japan, according to Alexa Internet.

The site won the Japanese Good Design Award in 2007, and an Honorary Mention of the Digital Communities category at Prix Ars Electronica 2008. Between June 8, 2024 and August 5, 2024, its servers were affected by a cyberattack and the website was partially active.