hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Caltanissetta
This entry is about the history of Caltanissetta, a municipality in the central interior of Sicily, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Caltanissetta, from prehistory to the present day. The city, whose recorded history begins with the Norman occupation in 1086, was damaged during heavy fighting in World War II. It has several sites of historical interest, including the ruins of Pietrarossa Castle, the Abbey of Santo Spirito, and several 19th-century neoclassical palaces. From the 18th century, the city supported an important sulphur mining industry, although the mines were abandoned in the late 20th century.

Province of Caltanissetta
The province of Caltanissetta (Italian: provincia di Caltanissetta; Sicilian: pruvincia di Nissa or pruvincia di Cartanissetta; officially libero consorzio comunale di Caltanissetta) is a province in the southern part of Sicily, Italy. Following the suppression of the Sicilian provinces, it was replaced in 2015 by the free municipal consortium of Caltanissetta (Italian: libero consorzio comunale di Caltanissetta). The province contains 22 municipalities (comuni). Its coat of arms is a red crest and two green leaf stems on top with a laurel leaf on the right and a crown in the middle. The River Salso is the main river of the province; it is 122 kilometres (76 mi) long and originates in the province of Palermo, and it flows into the Mediterranean in this province at the end of the Gulf of Gela.
William Bloye
William James Bloye FRBS ARBSA (8 July 1890 – 6 June 1975) was an English  sculptor, active in Birmingham either side of World War II. After serving in World War I, Bloye studied and later taught at the Birmingham School of Art. Becoming a member of the Birmingham Civic Society in 1925, he played a significant role as Birmingham's unofficial civic sculptor, contributing to various public commissions. Bloye was a member of the Royal British Society of Sculptors, attaining the status of fellow in 1938. His association with the  Royal Birmingham Society of Artists (RBSA) included serving as its president from 1948 to 1950 and as the Professor of Sculpture. He retired in 1956 and died away in 1975.

Royal Society of Sculptors
The Royal Society of Sculptors (RSS) is a British charity established in 1905, which promotes excellence in the art and practice of sculpture. Its headquarters are a centre for contemporary sculpture on Old Brompton Road in South Kensington, London. It is the oldest and largest organisation dedicated to sculpture in the UK. Until 2017, it was known as the Royal British Society of Sculptors.

The Royal Society of Sculptors is a registered charity with a selective membership of around 700 professional sculptors. It aims to inspire, inform and engage people of all ages and backgrounds with sculpture, and to support sculptors' development of their practice to the highest professional standards.
Mukaiyama Taxol total synthesis
The Mukaiyama taxol total synthesis published by the group of Teruaki Mukaiyama of the Tokyo University of Science between 1997 and 1999 was the 6th successful taxol total synthesis. The total synthesis of Taxol is considered a hallmark in organic synthesis.

This version is a linear synthesis with ring formation taking place in the order C, B, A, D. Contrary to the other published methods, the tail synthesis is by an original design. Teruaki Mukaiyama is an expert on aldol reactions and not surprisingly his Taxol version contains no less than 5 of these reactions. Other key reactions encountered in this synthesis are a pinacol coupling and a Reformatskii reaction. In terms of raw materials the C20 framework is built up from L-serine (C3), isobutyric acid (C4), glycolic acid (C2), methyl bromide (C1), methyl iodide (C1), 2,3-dibromopropene (C3), acetic acid (C2) and homoallyl bromide (C4).

Aldol reaction
The aldol reaction (aldol addition) is a reaction in organic chemistry that combines two carbonyl compounds (e.g. aldehydes or ketones) to form a new β-hydroxy carbonyl compound.  Its simplest form might involve the nucleophilic addition of an enolized ketone to another:

These products are known as aldols, from the aldehyde + alcohol, a structural motif seen in many of the products. The use of aldehyde in the name comes from its history: aldehydes are more reactive than ketones, so that the reaction was discovered first with them.

The aldol reaction is paradigmatic in organic chemistry and one of the most common means of forming carbon–carbon bonds in organic chemistry.  It lends its name to the family of aldol reactions and similar techniques analyze a whole family of carbonyl α-substitution reactions, as well as the diketone condensations.
Wyoming Highway 32
Wyoming Highway 32 (WYO 32), also known as Emblem Highway, is a 31.48-mile (50.66 km) state highway in northtwestern Big Horn County, Wyoming, United States, that connects U.S. Route 14 / U.S. Route 16 / U.S. Route 20 (US 14 / US 16 / US 20), west of Emblem, with U.S. Route 14A / U.S. Route 310 / Wyoming Highway 789 (US 14A / US 310 / WYO 789) and County Route R10 (CR R10), west of Lovell.

U.S. Route 14 in Wyoming
U.S. Highway 14 (US 14) in the U.S. state of Wyoming runs east to west across the northern part of the state. The road connects South Dakota on the east with Yellowstone National Park on the west. It is mostly a two-lane surface road, except for several sections that it shares with Interstate 90 (I-90). The total length is about 400.3 miles (644.2 km).
If I Ever (Otha Young song)
"If I Ever" is a song that was composed by Otha Young. It was recorded by Juice Newton & Silver Spur and included on their album in 1976. In 1979, the song was recorded by Randy Gurley and released as a single. It became a minor hit for her on the country chart that year.

Juice Newton
Juice Newton (born Judith Kay Newton; February 18, 1952) is an American pop and country singer, songwriter, and musician. Newton has received five Grammy Award nominations in the Pop and Country Best Female Vocalist categories – winning once in 1983 – as well as an ACM Award for Top New Female Artist and two consecutive Billboard Female Album Artist of the Year awards. Newton's other awards include a People's Choice Award for "Best Female Vocalist" and the Australian Music Media's "Number One International Country Artist".

Newton has several Gold and Platinum records to her credit, including Juice, Quiet Lies and her first Greatest Hits album. During the 1980s, she charted 14 top 10 hits across the Billboard Country, AC, and Hot 100 charts, with many of the recordings achieving crossover success and six of the songs hitting the No. 1 position.
July 2027 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, July 18, 2027, with an umbral magnitude of −1.0662. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 16 hours before apogee (on July 19, 2027, at 7:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.

The Moon will barely clip the edge of the Earth's penumbral shadow, and the eclipse will be impossible to see in practice. The event is listed as a miss by some sources.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Daniela Druncea
Daniela Druncea (born 2 November 1990) is a Romanian rowing coxswain and retired artistic gymnast. As a gymnast, she is a world bronze medalist with the team and was an alternate to the 2008 Romanian Olympic team. As a rower, she won a bronze medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Druncea retired from gymnastics in 2009. She became a coxswain and won medals at the European championships, world championships and Olympic Games.

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
C. L. David
Christian Ludvig David (30 July 1878 – 18 April 1960) was a Danish lawyer and businessman. Key in defining the global scale of the world's largest facilities management company ISS A/S. His private art collection, The David Collection, based in two early-19th-century buildings in Kronprinsessegade in Copenhagen, was already opened to the public during his own life time. He is also remembered for presenting his lakeside summer residence Marienborg to the state as a summer retreat for the prime ministers of Denmark.

ISS A/S
ISS A/S (International Service System) is a facility management services company founded in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1901. ISS's core services include: security, cleaning, technical, food and workplace. The ISS Group’s revenue amounted to DKK 69.823 billion in 2020 and ISS has nearly 400,000 employees and activities in countries across Europe, Asia, North America, Latin America and the Pacific.
Geelong Star
Geelong Star was a former name of the 3,181 GT super-trawler and factory ship Dirk-Dirk, built in 1983 at Harlingen, Netherlands for the Dutch fishing company Parlevliet & van der Plas of Katwijk.  In 2015–2016 Hobart Star was involved in political controversy and faced protests from those opposed to the use of super-trawlers in Australian fisheries.

Gross tonnage
Gross tonnage (GT, G.T. or gt) is a nonlinear measure of a ship's overall internal volume.  Gross tonnage is different from gross register tonnage.  Neither gross tonnage nor gross register tonnage should be confused with measures of mass or weight such as deadweight tonnage or displacement.

Gross tonnage, along with net tonnage, was defined by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1969, and came into force on 18 July 1982.  These two measurements replaced gross register tonnage (GRT) and net register tonnage (NRT).  Gross tonnage is calculated based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" and is used to determine things such as a ship's manning regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port dues, whereas the older gross register tonnage is a measure of the volume of only certain enclosed spaces.
Cheryl Dissanayake
Professor Cheryl Dissanayake AM, FASSA is Professor Emerita at La Trobe University. She was the inaugural Olga Tennison Endowed Chair in Autism Research and was the founding Director of the Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre based at La Trobe University, Australia. She is a developmental psychologist and behavioural scientist in the field of autism research.

Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia
The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (ASSA) is an independent, non-governmental organisation devoted to the advancement of knowledge and research in the social sciences. It has its origins in the Social Science Research Council of Australia, founded in 1942.

The Academy was established in 1971 to recognise and champion excellence in the social sciences and to provide evidence-based advice on a range of social policy issues.

The Academy consists of an elected Fellowship of almost 700 distinguished Australian social science researchers and professionals who work together to:

Provide advice to governments on issues of national importance;

Promote understanding and awareness of the social sciences; and

Coordinate international cooperation and collaboration in the social sciences.
Bachviertel
The Bachviertel (German pronunciation: [ˈbaxˌfɪʁtl̩], Bach Quarter), initially called "Viertel am Johannapark", is a Wilhelminian-style residential area in the west of Leipzig's borough Mitte in Saxony, Germany. According the administrative division of Leipzig, the Bachviertel is part of the locality Zentrum-West. It ist named after Johann Sebastian Bach.

The Bachviertel was built in the mid to late 19th century in the historic architectural style as an urban extension between Ferdinand-Lasalle-Strasse and Käthe-Kollwitz-Strasse and is considered to be particularly well preserved with its block development and its villas next to the Waldstraßenviertel. In particular, Leipzig's church music history is closely linked to the Bachviertel; it is home to the educational campus Forum Thomanum.

Gründerzeit
The Gründerzeit (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁʏndɐˌtsaɪt] ⓘ; lit. 'founders' period') was a period of European economic history in mid- and late-19th century Germany and Austria-Hungary between industrialization and the great stock market crash of 1873. Its name is derived from the many incorporations of companies that occurred in the years between the Franco-Prussian War and the panic of 1873.

The term also refers to a cultural and architectural era which began in the mid-19th century and lasted until 1914. Gründerzeit architecture is closely associated with historicism, and occupies a prominent place in many Central European cities due to 19th-century urbanization.
Yanzi chunqiu
The Yanzi chunqiu ("Yanzi Annals" or "Annals of Master Yan") is an ancient Chinese text dating to the Warring States period (475–221 BC) that contains a collection of stories, speeches, and remonstrations attributed to Yan Ying, a famous official from the State of Qi who served Duke Jing of Qi (r. 547–489 BC). It comprises 215 stories arranged into eight chapters. The first six chapters contain accounts of Yan Ying's remonstrations with the rulers he served. The seventh chapter contains variants on stories from the first six chapters, and the eighth chapter has anti-Confucian episodes that the Han dynasty imperial librarian Liu Xiang—who compiled the received version of the Yanzi chunqiu in the late 1st century BC—considered to be inconsistent with the Chinese Classics.

The Yanzi chunqiu incorporates themes from both Confucianism and Mohism and does not fit into any single Chinese philosophical tradition.

Four Books and Five Classics
The Four Books and Five Classics are authoritative and important books associated with Confucianism, written before 300 BC.  They are traditionally believed to have been either written, edited or commented by Confucius or one of his disciples. Starting in the Han dynasty, they became the core of the Chinese classics on which students were tested in the Imperial examination system.
Bipin Krishna Bose
Rai Bahadur Sir Bipin Krishna Bose KCIE (21 January 1851 – 26 August 1933) was an Indian advocate.

Bose started his law practice at Jubbulpore (now Jabalpur) in 1872, and moved to Nagpur, Central Provinces, in 1874. He was a member of the municipal committee and the boards of higher education institutions. He was appointed Government Advocate in 1888.

He was also Vice-Chancellor of Nagpur University. He was elected to the Council of India on 19 December 1903 as a non-official member representing the Central Provinces.

He was appointed Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1898, knighted in 1907, and appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE) in the 1920 New Year Honours. He was awarded the  Kaisar-i-Hind Medal in the 1928 Birthday Honours for his services as vice-chancellor of Nagpur University.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
On the Count of Three
On the Count of Three is a 2021 American dark comedy drama film directed by Jerrod Carmichael (in his feature directorial debut) and written by Ari Katcher and Ryan Welch. It stars Carmichael and Christopher Abbott as two best friends who make a suicide pact and spend their final day taking care of unfinished business, with one taking out his violent and hedonistic desires whilst the other learns to value life. The supporting cast includes Tiffany Haddish, J. B. Smoove, Lavell Crawford, and Henry Winkler.

On the Count of Three had its world premiere at the 2021 Sundance Film Festival, and was released in select theaters and on-demand by Annapurna Pictures and Orion Pictures through United Artists Releasing on May 13, 2022. It received generally positive reviews.

Suicide pact
A suicide pact is an agreed plan between two or more individuals to die by suicide. The plan may be to die together, or separately and closely timed.

In England and Wales, a suicide pact is a partial defense, under section 4 of the Homicide Act 1957, which reduces the charge of murder to manslaughter. In Northern Ireland, this defense is created by section 14 of the Criminal Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1966 (c. 20) (N.I.).
Arica Carter
Arica Derris Carter (born July 19, 1996) is an American professional women's basketball player for Perfumerias Avenidas in the Spanish Liga Femenina de Baloncesto and, previously, was in Panathinaikos before os that she won the championship in Mexico after stints with teams in the Spanish Liga Femenina de Baloncesto  and Phoenix Mercury of the United States's Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).

Liga Femenina de Baloncesto
The Liga Femenina de Baloncesto, also known as Liga Femenina Endesa for sponsorship reasons, is the highest level of league competition for women's basketball in Spain. It is the women's equivalent of the men's Liga ACB and is run by the Spanish Basketball Federation. The league was founded in 1964 and is played under FIBA rules.

Throughout its history 13 clubs have been champions; CB Godella-Pool Getafe (with both names), Ros Casares and Perfumerías Avenida have won the most championships, with eight.
Viktoriia Onopriienko
Viktoriia Maksimivna Onopriienko (Ukrainian: Вікторія Максимівна Онопрієнко; born 18 October 2003) is a Ukrainian individual rhythmic gymnast. She competed at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, finishing tenth in the all-around final. She is the bronze medalist in clubs at the 2023 World Championships and the hoop champion at the 2023 European Championships. Onopriienko is also the 2020 Grand Prix Final all-around champion and the 2022 World Games ribbon bronze medalist. At the junior level, she is the 2018 European team silver medalist.

On national level, she is a two-time (2021, 2023) Ukrainian all-around champion and the 2020 all-around silver medalist.

2018 Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships
The 2018 Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships was the 34th edition of the Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships, which took place on 1–3 June 2018 at the Palacio Multiusos de Guadalajara in Guadalajara, Spain.
Janine Brodie
Marion Janine Brodie CM FRSC (born 1952) is a Canadian political scientist. She is a Distinguished University Professor and a Canada Research Chair in Political Economy and Social Governance at the University of Alberta. Brodie was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2002 and honoured with the Order of Canada in 2017.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Sila (2016 TV series)
Sila (Urdu: صلہ; lit: Result), is a Pakistani television drama serial, that aired on 28 October 2016, preceded by Dharkan. It stars Shakeel, Farhan Saeed, Ainy Jaffri, Ismat Zaidi in leading to pivot roles.

It aired on Fridays at 9:10pm PST. Ainy Jaffri makes her return to Hum TV after she was last seen in channel's hit serial, Aseerzadi. Farhan Saeed was last seen in hit serial Udaari. Eshita was last seen in channel's Zindagi Tujh Ko Jiya.

Hum TV
Hum TV HD is a 24-hour Urdu general entertainment TV channel based in Karachi, Pakistan. It was founded by Sultana Siddiqui and Duraid Qureshi in 2005.

It is owned by Hum Network Limited and traded on the Pakistan Stock Exchange as (HUMNL).

Hum Network Limited was known as Eye Television Network Limited prior to 21 January 2011. Hum TV began its transmission on 17 January 2005. In March 2013, Hum Network held its first Hum Awards ceremony. As of 1 May 2018, Hum TV shut down its SD feed and shifted to HD resolution in Pakistan.

Hum TV is one of Pakistan's biggest entertainment networks and regularly is in the  top ranks and maintains a loyal fanbase on social media in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and streaming platforms, as well as on television.
Mick the Miller
Mick the Miller (29 June 1926 – 6 May 1939) was a male brindle greyhound. He is celebrated as the first great racing greyhound to compete in England (although he was born in Ireland). Despite a short three-year racing career, his achievements were highly publicised around the world and by the end of his career he had become an icon in the sport. His achievements include winning nineteen races in a row, including the English Greyhound Derby on two successive occasions. He suffered an injury at Wimbledon Stadium whilst racing which broke the streak in 1931, and once recovered was beaten in the attempt to win a third Derby title. He went on to appear in films, and is still considered one of the greatest sporting heroes in the UK.

Greyhound racing
Greyhound racing is an organised, competitive sport in which greyhounds race on dedicated tracks. The modern track form of the sport developed from hare coursing and uses a mechanically operated artificial lure (usually a form of windsock) that travels along a rail ahead of the dogs. As with horse racing, greyhound races frequently involve parimutuel or bookmaker betting.

In many countries, greyhound racing is conducted at an amateur level. In other countries, particularly Australia, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States, it forms part of the commercial gambling industry.