hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Locality (linguistics)
In linguistics, locality refers to the proximity of elements in a linguistic structure. Constraints on locality limit the span over which rules can apply to a particular structure. Theories of transformational grammar use syntactic locality constraints to explain restrictions on argument selection, syntactic binding, and syntactic movement.

Determiner phrase
In linguistics, a determiner phrase (DP) is a type of phrase headed by a determiner such as many. Controversially, many approaches take a phrase like not very many apples to be a DP headed, in this case, by the determiner many. This is called the DP analysis or the DP hypothesis. Others reject this analysis in favor of the more traditional NP (noun phrase or nominal phrase) analysis where apples would be the head of the phrase in which the DP not very many is merely a dependent. Thus, there are competing analyses concerning heads and dependents in nominal groups. The DP analysis developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and it is the majority view in generative grammar today.

In the example determiner phrases below, the determiners are in boldface:

a little dog, the little dogs (indefinite or definite articles)

my little dog, your little dogs (possessives)

this little dog, those little dogs (demonstratives)

every little dog, each little dog, no dog (quantifiers)
Frode Barth
Frode Barth (born 20 August 1968) is a Norwegian musician (guitar) and composer, widely recognized for his contributions to jazz, contemporary and popular music, performing with musicians including Oscar Peterson, Reggie Workman, Arthur Maia, Robertinho Silva, Toninho Horta, Kjell Karlsen, Trygve Seim, Terje Venaas, Harald Johnsen, Celio de Carvalho, Alf Kjellman, Pål Thowsen, Arild Andersen, Jon Eberson, Per Oddvar Johansen, Steve Bloom and Jarle Vespestad.

Trygve Seim
Trygve Seim (born 25 April 1971) is a Norwegian jazz saxophonist and composer. Seim has released numerous albums since 1992, including over 20 albums for ECM Records as a composer, band-leader or co-band-leader.
Turanian languages
Turanian is an obsolete language-family proposal subsuming most of the languages of Eurasia not included in Indo-European, Semitic and Chinese.
During the 19th century, inspired by the establishment of the Indo-European family, scholars looked for similarly widespread families elsewhere.
Building on the work of predecessors such as Rasmus Rask and Matthias Castrén, Max Müller proposed the Turanian grouping primarily on the basis of the incidence of agglutinative morphology, naming it after Turan, an ancient Persian term for the lands of Central Asia.
The languages he included are now generally assigned to nine separate language families.

Rasmus Rask
Rasmus Kristian Rask (Danish: [ˈʁɑsmus ˈkʰʁestjæn ˈʁɑsk]; born Rasmus Christian Nielsen Rasch; 22 November 1787 – 14 November 1832) was a Danish linguist and philologist. He wrote several grammars and worked on comparative phonology and morphology. Rask traveled extensively to study languages, first to Iceland, where he wrote the first grammar of Icelandic, and later to Russia, Persia, India, and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Shortly before his death, he was hired as professor of Eastern languages at the University of Copenhagen. Rask is especially known for his contributions to comparative linguistics, including an early formulation of what would later be known as Grimm's Law. He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1829.
Narail Sadar Upazila
Narail Sadar (Bengali: নড়াইল সদর) is an upazila of Narail District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh. Narail Thana was established in 1861 and was converted into an upazila (a sub-district) in 1984. The upazila takes its name from the district and the Bengali word sadar (headquarters).  It is the subdistrict where the district headquarters, Narail town, is located.

Upazila
An upazila, formerly called thana, is an administrative division in Bangladesh, functioning as a sub-unit of a district. It can be seen as an analogous to a county or a borough of Western countries. Rural upazilas are further administratively divided into union council areas (union parishads).

Bangladesh has 495 upazilas. The upazilas are the second lowest tier of regional administration in Bangladesh. The administrative structure consists of divisions (8), districts (64), upazilas (495) and union parishads (UPs). This system of devolution was introduced by the former military ruler and president of Bangladesh, Lt-Gen Hossain Muhammad Ershad, in an attempt to strengthen local government.

Below UPs, villages (gram) and para exist, but these have no administrative power and elected members. The Local Government Ordinance of 1982 was amended a year later, redesignating and upgrading the existing thanas as upazilas.
North Bengal
North Bengal (Bengali: উত্তরবঙ্গ Uttôrboṅgo, Uttar Banga) is a cross-border cultural–geographic region consisting of the north-western areas of Bangladesh as well as the northern part of the West Bengal state of India. Bounded to the east by the Jamuna and in the south by the Ganges, it roughly consists of the Rajshahi and Rangpur Divisions of Bangladesh, as well as the Jalpaiguri and most of the Malda Division of the Indian state of West Bengal (excluding Murshidabad). Under a broader sense it can also include adjacent areas considered culturally or geographically part of Bengal, such as Mahananda River basin.

It is roughly coterminous with the historical region of Barind, which gives its name to the Barind Tract, located within this region.

Rajshahi Division
Rajshahi Division (Bengali: রাজশাহী বিভাগ) is one of the eight first-level administrative divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 18,174.4 square kilometres (7,017.2 sq mi) and a population at the 2022 Census of 20,353,119. Rajshahi Division consists of 8 districts, 70 upazilas (the next lower administrative tier) and 1,092 unions (the lowest administrative tier).

The region has historically been dominated by various feudal Rajas, Maharajas and Zamindars. Formerly comprising 16 districts, a new division (Rangpur Division) was formed with the 8 northern districts of the old Rajshahi Division from early 2010.
Bad Commando
Bad Commando is the third extended play by Nigerian singer Rema. It was released on 4 October 2019 through Jonzing World, and Mavin Records. Executively produced by D'Prince, with additional production from Honter, Altims, Kill September, 
OVÖ, and 1Mind. Shortly after the EP was released, it debuted at Number 1 on Apple Music Top 100 in Nigeria.

London (music producer)
Michael Ovie Hunter (born 21 October 1999), known professionally as Thisizlondon (pronounced as London, and formerly stylised in all caps), is a Nigerian-British record producer and DJ. He is best known for co-producing the 2022 global hit single, "Calm Down" for Rema before  Selena Gomez hopped on the remix. It reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100, peaked atop the IMI International (becoming the second song by a Nigerian artist to do so) and remains the most internationally successful Afrobeats song.

Signing with Blowtime Entertainment in 2019, he's produced for other notable artists including Crayon, Ayra Starr, Rema, Wizkid, Selena Gomez, 6lack, Yseult, and Ladipoe. His other successful productions include Rema's: "Calm Down" and "Ozeba", Ayra Starr's "Fashion Killa" and "Bloody Samaritan", Tiwa Savage's "Koroba", and Johnny Drille's "Mystery Girl". In 2022, he signed a publishing deal in a joint venture with Sony Music Publishing France and Bluesky Music Publishing.
John H. Newton
John Henry Newton (December 13, 1881 – May 2, 1948) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Navy with the rank of vice admiral. He distinguished himself as commanding officer of destroyer USS Patterson during World War I and received the Navy Cross, the United States Navy second-highest decoration awarded for valor in combat.

Following the War, Newton remained in the Navy and reached flag rank during World War II, serving as commander, South Pacific Area and inspector general of the Pacific Fleet under his Naval Academy classmate, Fleet admiral Chester W. Nimitz.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Nonlinear mixed-effects model
Nonlinear mixed-effects models constitute a class of statistical models generalizing linear mixed-effects models. Like linear mixed-effects models, they are particularly useful in settings where there are multiple measurements within the same statistical units or when there are dependencies between measurements on related statistical units. Nonlinear mixed-effects models are applied in many fields including medicine, public health, pharmacology, and ecology.

Statistical model
A statistical model is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of sample data (and similar data from a larger population). A statistical model represents, often in considerably idealized form, the data-generating process. When referring specifically to probabilities, the corresponding term is probabilistic model. All statistical hypothesis tests and all statistical estimators are derived via statistical models. More generally, statistical models are part of the foundation of statistical inference. A statistical model is usually specified as a mathematical relationship between one or more random variables and other non-random variables.  As such, a statistical model is "a formal representation of a theory" (Herman Adèr quoting Kenneth Bollen).
Margaret Carwood
Margaret Carwood (died 1612), was a maid-of-honour or chamberer at the court of Mary, Queen of Scots. Her wedding to John Stewart of Fincastle was celebrated at the time of the murder of Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley, the Queen's consort.

Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley (1546 – 10 February 1567) was King of Scotland as the second husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, from 29 July 1565 until his murder. Darnley had one child with Mary, James VI of Scotland and I of England. Less than a year after the birth of his son, Darnley was murdered at Kirk o' Field in 1567. Many contemporary narratives describing his life and death refer to him as simply Lord Darnley, his title as heir apparent to the Earldom of Lennox.
The Radiolarian Ooze
The Radiolarian Ooze is the second album from Manorexia, it was released in 2002 by Ectopic Ents. Like its predecessor, Volvox Turbo, The Radiolarian Ooze is self-distributed by J. G. Thirlwell and sold exclusively at the Official Foetus Website.

JG Thirlwell
James George Thirlwell (born 29 January 1960), styled as JG Thirlwell and also known as Clint Ruin, Frank Want, and Foetus, among other pseudonyms, is an Australian musician, composer, and record producer known for juxtaposing a variety of different musical styles.
Dylan Bundy
Dylan Matthew Bundy (born November 15, 1992) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles, Los Angeles Angels and Minnesota Twins.

The Orioles selected Bundy with the fourth overall pick in the 2011 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut in 2012, but did not return to the majors until 2016 due to injuries. He pitched for Baltimore through 2019 and was traded to the Angels on December 4, 2019.

2011 Major League Baseball draft
The 2011 Major League Baseball draft was held from June 6 through June 8, 2011, from Studio 42 of the MLB Network in Secaucus, New Jersey. The Pittsburgh Pirates selected Gerrit Cole out of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), with the first overall pick.
Fred Davis (tight end)
Frederick Martin Davis (born January 15, 1986) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end for the Washington Redskins (now Commanders) of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by Washington in the second round of the 2008 NFL draft. He played college football for the USC Trojans, earning first-team All-American honors and winning the John Mackey Award as the nation's top tight end in 2007.

John Mackey Award
The John Mackey Award is presented annually to college football's most outstanding tight end. Established in 2000 by the Nassau County Sports Commission, the award is given annually to the tight end who best exemplifies the play, sportsmanship, academics, and community values of Pro Football Hall of Fame tight end John Mackey.

The winner is chosen by a selection committee comprising sportswriters and former players, including Lee Corso, Phil Steele, Charles Arbuckle, and former John Mackey Award winners Tim Stratton, Dallas Clark, and D. J. Williams, among others. The award is a member of the National College Football Awards Association, which encompasses college football's most prestigious awards. Former Florida State tight end Nick O'Leary called the award one which "all tight ends dream of winning".
Tokenized private placement
A tokenized private placement is a form of digital securities offering that combines traditional private placement structures with blockchain technology to create tradeable digital tokens representing ownership stakes in private companies or assets. This emerging financial technology allows companies, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to raise capital while providing investors with potentially greater liquidity compared to conventional private placements.

Financial technology
Financial technology (abbreviated as fintech) refers to the application of innovative technologies to products and services in the financial industry. This broad term encompasses a wide array of technological advances in financial services, including mobile banking, online lending platforms, digital payment systems, robo-advisors, and blockchain-based applications such as cryptocurrencies. Financial technology companies include both startups and established technology and financial firms that aim to improve, complement, or replace traditional financial services.
Estefanía Realpe
Estefanía Realpe (born May 16, 1989 in Quito, Ecuador) is a model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Earth Ecuador 2012 and was dethroned a fews days before to compete at Miss Earth 2012.

She was born in Quito, Realpe speaks Spanish and English.

Estefanía, who stands 1.74 m (5 ft 8+1⁄2 in) tall, competed as a representative of Pichincha, one of the 18 contestants in her country's national beauty pageant, Miss Ecuador 2012, broadcast live on March 16, 2012 from La Libertad, where she was unplaced. Realpe was designed as Miss Earth Ecuador 2013 by the national director, José Hidalgo, on August 29, 2012, however, to enable her to compete in Miss Earth 2012, she was dethroned.

She is the first woman who competed at the three major beauty pageants in Ecuador: Miss Ecuador in 2012, Miss Earth Ecuador in 2012, and Miss World Ecuador in 2014.

Miss Earth Ecuador
Miss Earth Ecuador (Miss Tierra Ecuador) is one of the official preliminaries to the international Miss Earth beauty pageant, which was established in the Philippines in 2001. The pageant focuses mainly on promoting environmental causes and winners are chosen equally on their physical attributes as well as their understanding and knowledge of the issues affecting the Earth.
Trolls (soundtrack)
Trolls: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2016 DreamWorks Animation film Trolls, released on September 23, 2016, by RCA Records. The soundtrack is produced primarily by singer Justin Timberlake, Max Martin, and Shellback. It features work from Timberlake himself, along with Anna Kendrick, Ron Funches, Zooey Deschanel and Gwen Stefani, who all voice characters in the film, as well as Earth, Wind & Fire and Ariana Grande. The album was certified Platinum in Australia and Double Platinum in the United States. The song "Can't Stop the Feeling!" was nominated for a Golden Globe and an Academy Award. The song won a Grammy Award. The soundtrack itself was nominated for both a Billboard and American Music Award.

Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media
The Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media (including its previous names) is the Grammy Awards awarded to songs written for films, television, video games or other visual media.

Alan Menken has won five awards (out of nine nominations) in this category for his work on the Walt Disney animated films: The Little Mermaid (1989), Beauty and the Beast (1991), Aladdin (1992), Pocahontas (1995), and Tangled (2010). 
Randy Newman has won three awards (out of seven nominations) for his work on the Disney-Pixar films Toy Story 2 (1999), Monsters, Inc. (2001) and Cars (2006). Diane Warren has received the most nominations with 11 in this category, winning once.
Ashitey Trebi-Ollennu
Ashitey Trebi-Ollennu, CEng, FIET, FRAeS, SMIEE, PMP, FGA is a Ghanaian robotics engineer at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the chief engineer and technical group leader for the mobility and manipulation group at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory He has been associated with various NASA Mars missions, notably the Mars Rover and InSight projects.

Royal Aeronautical Society
The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS, or CRAeS, respectively.
3rd Bombay European Regiment
The 3rd Bombay European Regiment was an infantry regiment raised by the British East India Company in 1853. They were created originally for the defence of Bombay (Mumbai) and were stationed initially in Pune, but they were soon called upon to quell the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

They were deployed to Central India and were part of the 2nd Brigade of the Central India Field Force. They were instrumental in Sir Hugh Rose’s Central India Campaign of 1858, participating in the siege and recapture of strongholds captured by the rebels such as Sagar, Rahatgarh, Jhansi and Gwalior. They received two battle honours for this particular campaign.

After the rebellion was quelled, the British Parliament passed the Government of India Act 1858, which transferred power from the British East India Company to the British Crown. Wide-ranging reforms emanated from this act. The 3rd Bombay European Regiment was disbanded in 1862 and incorporated into the British Army as the 109th Regiment of Foot.

Central Indian campaign of 1858
The Central India Campaign was one of the last series of actions in the Indian rebellion of 1857. The British Army and Bombay Army overcame a disunited collection of states in a single rapid campaign, although determined rebels continued a guerrilla campaign until the spring of 1859.
Peak Performance (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
"Peak Performance" is the twenty-first and penultimate episode of the second season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, the 47th episode overall, first broadcast on July 10, 1989.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. In this episode, while in the midst of a war-game exercise, a Ferengi marauder intrudes.

Starfleet
Starfleet is a fictional organization in the Star Trek media franchise. Within this fictional universe, Starfleet is a uniformed space force maintained by the United Federation of Planets (often called "the Federation" in the franchise) as the principal means for conducting deep space exploration, research, defense, peacekeeping, and diplomacy (although Starfleet predates the Federation, having originally been an Earth organization, as shown by the television series Star Trek: Enterprise). While most of Starfleet's members are human and it has been headquartered on Earth, hundreds of other species are also represented. Most of the franchise's protagonists are Starfleet commissioned officers.
Arnold Cook
Arnold Charles Cook (5 May 1922 – 30 June 1981) was an Australian academic and senior economics lecturer at the University of Western Australia (UWA).  He was blind since his teenage years and is noted for, in 1950, bringing the first overseas, professionally trained guide dog to Australia and for being instrumental in establishing the first guide dog training centre in the country.

Guide dog
Guide dogs  (colloquially known in the US as seeing-eye dogs) are assistance dogs trained to lead people who are blind or visually impaired around obstacles. Although dogs can be trained to navigate various obstacles, they are red–green colour blind and incapable of interpreting street signs. The human does the directing, based on skills acquired through previous mobility training. The handler might be likened to an aircraft's navigator, who must know how to get from one place to another, and the dog is the pilot, who gets them there safely. In several countries guide dogs, along with most other service and hearing dogs, are exempt from regulations against the presence of animals in places such as restaurants and public transportation.
Sea Ranch Lakes, Florida
Sea Ranch Lakes is a village in Broward County, Florida, United States. The village is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. It is located on North Ocean Drive (Highway A1A) and is surrounded by Lauderdale-by-the-Sea. The majority of the village is a gated community, with the remainder being a public shopping plaza and a private beach club for village residents, with a pool and access to Sea Ranch Lakes Beach. The population was 540 at the 2020 census.

Broward County, Florida
Broward County (/ˈbraʊ.ərd/ BROURD) is a county in Florida, United States, located in the Miami metropolitan area. It is Florida's second-most populous county after Miami-Dade County and the 17th-most populous in the United States, with 1,944,375 residents as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and most populous city is Fort Lauderdale, which had a population of 182,760 as of 2020. The county is part of the South Florida region of the state.

Broward County is one of the three counties that make up the Miami metropolitan area, which is home to 6.14 million people as of 2020. It is also one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the entire country. As of 2022, Broward County has a gross domestic product of $124.8 billion, the second-largest GDP of Florida's 67 counties and the 25th-largest for the nation's 3,033 counties.