hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chernokozovo detention center
Chernokozovo detention center (Russian: Чернокозово СИЗО, Chernokozovo SIZO) is a prison in the village of Chernokozovo, Chechnya, Russia. The detention center is operated by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and currently has the status of penal colony.

Chernokozovo SIZO was notorious during the Second Chechen War, serving as the main component of the "filtration camp" system operated by Russian federal forces. It was the site of reported human rights violations, particularly accusations of widespread arbitrary detention and torture.

Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство внутренних дел, МВД, romanized: Ministerstvo vnutrennikh del, MVD) is the interior ministry of Russia.

The MVD is responsible for law enforcement in Russia through its agencies the Police of Russia, Migration Affairs, Drugs Control, Traffic Safety, the Centre for Combating Extremism, and the Investigative Department. The MVD is headquartered in Zhitnaya Street 16 in Yakimanka, Moscow. Vladimir Kolokoltsev has been the Minister of Internal Affairs since 2012.
Arkell Jude-Boyd
Arkell Nicholas Cecil Jude-Boyd (born 22 January 2003) is a professional footballer who plays as a right back for EFL League Two club Cheltenham Town. Born in England, he plays for the Saint Lucia national team.

Jude-Boyd progressed through Queens Park Rangers's academy and had loans at Dagenham & Redbridge and Torquay United before joining Cheltenham Town in summer 2024.

Saint Lucia national football team
The Saint Lucia national football team, recognized as St Lucia by FIFA, represents Saint Lucia in men's international football and is administered by the Saint Lucia Football Association, the governing body for football in Saint Lucia. They have been a member of FIFA since 1988 and a member of CONCACAF since 1986. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup or the CONCACAF Gold Cup.
SS Norseman (1897)
SS Norseman was a British cargo liner that was torpedoed by the German submarine U-39 in the Mediterranean Sea off Thessaloniki, Greece on 22 January 1916. The vessel was en route from Plymouth, United Kingdom to Thessaloniki , while carrying a varied cargo including about 1,100 mules and munitions. Norseman was subsequently beached at Moudros, Greece, and declared a total loss. She was scrapped in situ in 1920.

Cargo liner
A cargo liner, also known as a passenger-cargo ship or passenger-cargoman, is a type of merchant ship which carries general cargo and often passengers.

They became common just after the middle of the 19th century, and eventually gave way to container ships and other more specialized carriers in the latter half of the 20th century.
Capitán Trueno
El Capitán Trueno (lit. "Captain Thunder") is the hero of a series of Spanish comic books, created in 1956 by the writer Víctor Mora and illustrated mainly by Miguel Ambrosio Zaragoza (Ambrós). The comics were published continuously between 1956 and 1968, with Trueno eventually becoming the most popular Spanish hero comic of all time: at its height it sold more than 170,000 copies every week. The series was inspired by Hal Foster's Prince Valiant.

The character is depicted as a 12th-century knight-errant. His love interest is a Viking princess from Thule.

Knight-errant
A knight-errant (or knight errant) is a figure of medieval chivalric romance literature. The adjective errant (meaning "wandering, roving") indicates how the knight-errant would wander the land in search of adventures to prove his chivalric virtues, either in knightly duels (pas d'armes) or in some other pursuit of courtly love.
Gratitude (Mary J. Blige album)
Gratitude is the fifteenth studio album by American singer Mary J. Blige. It was released on November 15, 2024, through 300 Entertainment and her Mary Jane Productions imprint. The album was promoted with the release of two singles: "Breathing" and "You Ain't the Only One", which both topped the US Adult R&B Airplay chart.

Adult R&B Songs
The Adult R&B Songs chart (also called Adult R&B Airplay) is an airplay chart that is published weekly by Billboard magazine. The chart tracks and measures the airplay of songs played on urban adult contemporary radio stations, whose playlist mostly include contemporary R&B and traditional R&B tracks. Nielsen Audio sometimes refers to the format as Urban adult contemporary radio. Billboard created the chart in September 1993, with the first number one being "Another Sad Love Song" by Toni Braxton.
Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699)
The Polish–Ottoman War or the War of the Holy League was the Polish side of the conflict otherwise known as the Great Turkish War. The conflict began with a Polish victory at the Battle of Vienna in 1683, and ended with the Treaty of Karlowitz, restoring to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth lands lost in the previous Polish-Ottoman War (the Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76)). It was the last conflict between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire, and despite the Polish victory, it marked the decline of power of not only the Ottoman Empire, but also of the Commonwealth, which would never again interfere in affairs outside of its declining borders.

Treaty of Karlowitz
The Treaty of Karlowitz, concluding the Great Turkish War of 1683–1699, in which the Ottoman Empire was defeated by the Holy League at the Battle of Zenta, was signed in Karlowitz (present-day Sremski Karlovci, Serbia), in the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy, on 26 January 1699. Also known as "The Austrian treaty that saved Europe", it marks the end of Ottoman control in much of Central Europe, with their first major territorial losses in Europe, beginning the reversal of almost three centuries of expansion (1299–1683). The treaty established the Habsburg monarchy as the dominant power of the region.
Laura Itzel Castillo
Laura Itzel Castillo Juárez (born 16 November 1957) is a Mexican architect and politician. She has served in both chambers of the Congress of the Union and in the forerunner of the Congress of Mexico City.

Congress of Mexico City
19°26′12″N 99°08′16″W﻿ / ﻿19.4366°N 99.1377°W﻿ / 19.4366; -99.1377

The Congress of Mexico City (Spanish: Congreso de la Ciudad de México) is the legislative branch of the government of Mexico City. Between 1988 and 1997, it was known as the Assembly of Representatives of the Federal District (Spanish: Asamblea de Representantes del Distrito Federal). Between 1997 and 2018, it was styled the Legislative Assembly of the Federal District (Spanish: Asamblea Legislativa del Distrito Federal. During those earlier periods, it had reduced powers compared to the current body.
Hoover Nature Trail
The Hoover Nature Trail (HNT) is a crushed limestone rail trail in eastern Iowa that follows the old Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad route between Burlington and Cedar Rapids. The trail is a shared-use trail for bicycling, hiking, jogging, walking, cross-country skiing, and nature study, and it is 24 miles (39 km) long.

Portions of the trail are in varying stages of development, with sections near Ely, West Branch, Nichols, Columbus Junction, and Morning Sun completed. In 1990, a three-mile (4.8 km) section opened east of Morning Sun. Lately, there has been a renewed push to connect the HNT with other trails in eastern Iowa.

The trail is part of the American Discovery Trail, and when completed, the HNT will become Iowa’s longest recreational trail.

Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad
The original Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (CRI&P RW, sometimes called Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway) (reporting marks CRI&P, RI, ROCK) was an American Class I railroad. It was also known as the Rock Island Line, or, in its final years, The Rock.

At the end of 1970, it operated 7,183 miles of road on 10,669 miles of track; that year it reported 20,557 million ton-miles of revenue freight and 118 million passenger miles. (Those totals may or may not include the former Burlington-Rock Island Railroad.)

"Rock Island Line", a folk song from the late 1920s, first recorded in 1934, was inspired by the railway.
2014 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship for Women Division C
The 2014 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship for Women Division C was the 10th edition of the Division C of the FIBA U16 Women's European Championship, the third tier of the European women's under-16 basketball championship. It was played in Valletta, Malta, from 30 June to 5 July 2014. Scotland women's national under-16 basketball team won the tournament.

Scotland women's national under-16 basketball team
The Scotland women's national under-16 basketball team is a national basketball team of Scotland, administered by the Basketballscotland. It represents the country in women's international under-16 basketball competitions.

In 1976 and 1978, the team finished 14th at the European Championship for Cadettes.

They also participated at two FIBA U16 Women's European Championship Division B tournaments and they won 11 medals at the FIBA U16 Women's European Championship Division C.
Dong A Thanh Hoa
Thanh Hóa Football Club (Vietnamese: lạc bộ bóng đá Thanh Hoá), known as Đông Á Thanh Hóa for sponsorship reasons, is a Vietnamese professional football club based in Thanh Hóa. They are now playing in V.League 1, the top tier of the Vietnamese football league.

Thanh Hóa
Thanh Hóa (Vietnamese: [tʰajŋ̟ hwǎː] ⓘ) is the capital of Thanh Hóa Province. The city is situated in the east of the province on the Ma River (Sông Mã), about 150 kilometers (93 miles) south of capital Hanoi and 1560 kilometers (969 miles) north of Ho Chi Minh City. Thanh Hoa became one of the most populous cities in North Central Coast after expanding in 2012, with a population of approximately 400,000. Thanh Hoa township was upgraded to Thanh Hoa City in 1994 and has been the historical center of politics, economy, culture, education and entertainment of Thanh Hóa Province.
El Chaval de la Bachata
Linar Espinal (Juncalito, Jánico, December 4, 1978), better known as El Chaval de la Bachata, is a Dominican musician, singer, composer and producer.

He began his career in 1994 with the help of businessman Nepo Núñez with the musical group Los Infantiles del Amargue, launching as a solo artist under the Nepo Nuñez Records label with his first production titled Sentimiento Único (1997), which included the hit "Cuando el Amor se va".

He is a composer and performer of important songs in the bachata genre like "Donde Están Esos Amigos", "Estoy Perdido", "No Soy tu Marido" and "Canalla" with Romeo Santos, among others. During his career has obtained awards and nominations at events like the Soberano Awards and the Billboard Latin Music Awards, and he has recorded with artists like Romeo Santos, Luis Vargas, Gerardo Morán, Luis Gonzaga Segura, Leonardo Paniagua and Luis Miguel del Amargue, among others.

Soberano Awards
The Soberano Awards (formerly Casandra Awards) are the Dominican music awards, which are awarded annually by the Asociación de Cronistas de Arte of the Dominican Republic in Santo Domingo. Often referenced in music line-ups to delineate a musician's popularity in Hispanic countries. Notable winners include Mozart La Para, Bad Bunny, El Alfa, Prince Royce, and Don Omar. It airs annually in the spring on Color Visión in the Dominican Republic.
Abhijith Kollam
Abhijith Vijayan, popularly known as Abhijith Kollam is an Indian playback singer, popular in Malayalam movie industry. He was born in Kollam, Kerala. Abhijith has recorded songs for more than 12 Malayalam movies and few Malayalam devotional albums. He won the Pravasi Express award for the Best Singer in the year 2018. In March 2020, Abhijith married actress Vismaya Sree at Kollam.

The resemblance of his voice to that of famous singer K. J. Yesudas caused to lost him out the Kerala State Film Awards for the Best Singer in the year 2018.

Pravasi Express Awards
Pravasi Express Awards were introduced in 2013 for appreciating personalities for outstanding contributions to society and endeavours in their chosen field/profession. The awards are overseen by Pravasi Publications from Singapore, publishers of the Pravasi Express Newspaper.
L. V. Revanth
L. V. Revanth (born 10 February 1990),  is an Indian playback singer who primarily records songs for Telugu films. He has sung around 200 songs for Telugu films. His notable works include "Vey Vey Debbaku Debba" (from Rajanna), "Ruler" (from Dammu), "Manohari" (from Baahubali: The Beginning) and "Telisiney Na Nuvvey" (from Arjun Reddy). He is the recipient of an IIFA Utsavam Award and a Santosham Award.

Before gaining success in his singing career, Revanth had earlier participated in television singing shows, including Super Singer, Indian Idol and Saptaswaralu. He is the winner of the reality show Bigg Boss 6.

Indian Idol (Hindi TV series)
Indian Idol is an Indian Hindi-language singing reality competition on Sony TV. It is an Indian version of the British show Pop Idol  and is part of the Indian Idol series. It has aired on Sony Entertainment Television since 2004.  Originally produced by Miditech Studios and its iconic producer-brothers, Niret Alva, Nikhil J Alva and Nivedith Alva, the series was an instant success. The brothers produced the first 5 seasons of the series and were instrumental in laying the foundation for its future success.

Indian Idol's production and taping take place in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It broadcasts on Saturdays and Sundays and digitally airs on SonyLIV application.
Easton Three-Star Player of the Year
The Easton Three-Star Player of the Year was an annual award given out at the conclusion of the College Hockey America regular season to the player who finished with the most 'stars-of-the-game' points in CHA play. While each school named a Three-Star Player of the Year, the official CHA winner was the player who had the highest point total amongst all conference teams. points were calculated as 5 for a number one star, 3 for a number two star, and 1 for a number three star. Any player on the game roster was eligible to be star and only games between CHA opponents would be counted towards the Three-Star Player of the Year Standings.

The Easton Three-Star Player of the Year was first awarded in 2005 but was discontinued after 2008. It is the only official individual CHA trophy that was not bestowed each year of the conference's existence.

College Hockey America
College Hockey America (CHA) was a college ice hockey conference in the United States. It participated in the NCAA's Division I as a hockey-only conference. The conference's final membership featured six women's teams, with three in Pennsylvania; two in New York, and one in Missouri.

On April 30, 2024, CHA merged with the Atlantic Hockey Association to form Atlantic Hockey America in 2024–25.
General Baokeng
23°41′32″N 120°37′19″E﻿ / ﻿23.692114°N 120.622072°E﻿ / 23.692114; 120.622072

General Baokeng (Chinese: 保坑大將軍), formerly known as 'General Shen Zi Keng (Chinese: 檨仔坑大將軍)', was a decorative piece in a Banqiao District, New Taipei City restaurant. Later, Mr Liu, a removal company owner, didn't want to discard it as waste and moved it to his hometown's vacant lot in Shezai Keng, Hu Shan Li, Douliu City, Yunlin County. Subsequently, according to the local deity's indications, the statue was said to be possessed by the spirit of a Singaporean soldier who had died in a military training accident as part of Project Starlight between Taiwan and Singapore. The local residents worshipped the statue as a god of the local faith and as a Wan Ying Gong, a type of deity worshipped by the Hushan Dam construction workers.

Goryō
In a broad sense, Goryō (御霊; Japanese: [ɡoɾʲoː])  is an honorific for a spirit, especially one that causes hauntings, and the term is used as a synonym for onryō (怨霊, vengeful Japanese ghosts). In a narrower sense, it refers to a noble or accomplished person who lost a political power struggle or died prematurely from an epidemic or other disease, becoming an onryō that brings pestilence or famine and is later enshrined as a kami in Shinto shrines. For example, the "Sandai Jitsuroku" (a historical Japanese document) mentions that six Shinto shrines were dedicated to the worship of goryō, which were the spirits of those who died from non-natural causes. Later on, two more shrines were added, bringing the total to eight.

Goryō Shinko (御霊信仰, Belief in goryō) refers to the belief that the onryō of people who have died unfortunate deaths cause hauntings and disasters, and the belief that they are enshrined as kami to appease them.
José Manuel Contreras
José Manuel Contreras (Spanish pronunciation: [xosˈe manwˈel kontɾˈeɾas]; born 19 January 1986), nicknamed El Moyo, is a Guatemalan professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for and captains Liga Nos Une club Comunicaciones.

Contreras has also played for clubs Arsenal de Sarandí in Argentina and C.D. Universidad de Concepción in Chile, among other clubs, and it’s known to be the promise of Guatemala football.

Liga Bantrab
The Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala, officially known as the Liga Bantrab for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Guatemala and the highest level of the Guatemalan football league system. It is controlled by the Federación Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala and contested by 12 teams.
Babler oxidation
The Babler oxidation, also known as the Babler–Dauben oxidation, is an organic reaction for the oxidative transposition of tertiary allylic alcohols to enones using pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC):

It is named after James Babler who first reported the reaction in 1976 and William Dauben who extended the scope to cyclic systems in 1977, thereby significantly increasing the synthetic utility:

The reaction produces the desired enone product to high yield (typically >75%), is operationally simple and does not require air-free techniques or heating. It suffers, however, from the very high toxicity and environmental hazard posed by the hexavalent chromium PCC oxidising reagent.

The solvent of choice is usually dry dichloromethane (DCM) or chloroform (CHCl3).

The reaction has been utilised as a step in the total syntheses of various compounds, e.g. of morphine.

Hexavalent chromium
Hexavalent chromium (chromium(VI), Cr(VI), chromium 6) is any chemical compound that contains the element chromium in the +6 oxidation state (thus hexavalent).  It has been identified as carcinogenic, which is of concern since approximately 136,000 tonnes (150,000 tons) of hexavalent chromium were produced in 1985. Hexavalent chromium compounds can be carcinogens (IARC Group 1), especially if airborne and inhaled where they can cause lung cancer.
Joe Oloka-Onyango
Joe Oloka-Onyango is a  Ugandan lawyer and academic. He is a Professor of Law at Makerere University School of Law where he has also formerly been Dean and Director of the Human Rights and Peace Centre (HURIPEC).
He is married to Prof Sylvia Tamale, also a lawyer, academic and activist. They have two sons; Kwame Sobukwe Ayepa and Samora Okech Sanga.

Amama Mbabazi
John Patrick Amama Mbabazi, SC (simply known as Amama Mbabazi, born 16 January 1949) is a Ugandan politician who served as the ninth Prime Minister of Uganda from 24 May 2011 to 19 September 2014. He played an instrumental role in Uganda's protracted liberation struggle from several tyrannical governments (1972-1986) and is a founding member of the National Resistance Movement, the ruling political party in Uganda.

Mbabazi served as the member of parliament for the Kinkiizi West constituency in Kanungu District, a position held from 1996 until 2016, when he ran unsuccessfully for the Presidency.
N-Ethylmaleimide
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is an organic compound that is derived from maleic acid. It is a unstable substance that reacts rapidly with thiols and is commonly used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides.

Thiol
In organic chemistry, a thiol (/ˈθaɪɒl/; from Ancient Greek  θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur'), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The −SH functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols (that is, sulfur takes the place of oxygen in the hydroxyl (−OH) group of an alcohol), and the word is a blend of "thio-" with "alcohol".

Many thiols have strong odors resembling that of garlic, cabbage or rotten eggs. Thiols are used as odorants to assist in the detection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless). The smell of natural gas is due to the addition of thiol.
John Marburger
John Harmen "Jack" Marburger III (February 8, 1941 – July 28, 2011) was an American physicist who directed the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the administration of President George W. Bush, serving as the Science Advisor to the President. He has also been credited with keeping the political effects of the September 11 attacks from harming science research—by ensuring that tighter visa controls did not hinder the movement of those engaged in scientific research—and with increasing awareness of the relationship between science and government. He also served as the President of Stony Brook University from 1980 until 1994, and director of Brookhaven National Laboratory from 1998 until 2001.

Brookhaven National Laboratory
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory located in Upton, New York, a hamlet of the Town of Brookhaven. It was formally established in 1947 at the site of Camp Upton, a former U.S. Army base on Long Island. Located approximately 60 miles east of New York City, it is managed by Stony Brook University and Battelle Memorial Institute.

Research at BNL includes nuclear and high energy physics, energy science and technology, environmental and bioscience, nanoscience, and national security. The 5,300-acre campus contains several large research facilities, including the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and National Synchrotron Light Source II. Seven Nobel Prizes have been awarded for work conducted at Brookhaven Lab.
Chubetsu Dam
The Chubetsu Dam (忠別ダム, Chūbetsu damu) is a dam in Biei, Hokkaidō, Japan. The dam was completed in 2006.　The dam is located at the border of Biei, Hokkaido and Kamikawa, Hokkaido. It is a multipurpose concrete Gravity dam and Rockfill dam. It stands at 86m tall and has a length of 885m.

Biei, Hokkaido
Biei (美瑛町, Biei-chō) is a town located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. As of May 2024, the town has an estimated population of 9,343, and a density of 14 persons per km2. The total area is 677.16 km2.