hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Birdlike noctule
The birdlike noctule (Nyctalus aviator) is a species of bat. It nests in the holes in old trees and buildings, and sometimes in mineshafts.  It is distributed across Northeast Asia, from northeast China and Siberia through the Korean Peninsula to Japan.

Greater noctule bat
The greater noctule bat (Nyctalus lasiopterus) is a rare carnivorous bat found in Europe, West Asia, and North Africa. It is the largest and least studied bat in Europe with a wingspan of up to 46 centimetres (18 in) and is one of the few bat species to feed on passerine birds. Greater noctule bats are the only bat species to hunt birds on the wing rather than when roosting. The greater noctule bat has wings adapted for open-air hunting and uses echolocation frequencies above the hearing range of birds.
Minister's zoning orders controversy
The Minister's zoning orders controversy is a Canadian provincial controversy in the Province of Ontario over the Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing's ability to override municipal council decisions on development. Both the frequency of their use and the way in which the government under Progressive Conservative Premier Doug Ford has used them since 2019 has come under criticism.

Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing (Ontario)
The Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing is the ministry of the Government of Ontario that is responsible for municipal affairs and housing in the Canadian province of Ontario. The Minister responsible is Rob Flack.
Edward Brace
Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Brace KCB  (bap. 2 June 1770 – 26 December 1843) was a senior officer of the British Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Most of his career was spent as a successful independent captain, and he was three times involved in successful actions against French or Dutch frigates, resulting in rapid promotion. After the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Brace commanded the first rate HMS Impregnable at the Bombardment of Algiers in 1816, but made a serious mistake in his navigation and exposed his ship to the port's defences unnecessarily. As a result, he suffered 210 casualties and his career suffered as a result. Despite this setback, he continued to rise during the 1820s and gradually became an admiral and a knight. In the 1830s he was made commander in chief at the Nore and died on station in 1843.

Bombardment of Algiers (1816)
The Bombardment of Algiers was an attempt on 27 August 1816 by Britain and the Netherlands to end the slavery practices of Omar Agha, the Dey of Algiers. An Anglo-Dutch fleet under the command of Admiral Edward Pellew, 1st Baron Exmouth bombarded ships and the harbour defences of Algiers.

There was a continuing campaign by various European navies and the American navy to suppress the piracy against Europeans by the North African Barbary states. The specific aim of this expedition, however, was to free Christian slaves and to stop the practice of enslaving Europeans in to slavery in Algeria. To this end, it was partially successful, as the Dey of Algiers freed around 3,000 slaves following the bombardment and signed a treaty against the slavery of Europeans. However, this practice did not end completely until the French conquest of Algeria.
Antonio Obá
Antonio Obá (born 1983) is a contemporary artist from Ceilândia, Brazil. He has participated in individual and collective exhibitions since 2001 with works involving the body, personal experiences, and the revisiting of historical episodes, particularly in relation to Brazilian iconographies and significant events in the struggle for the rights of Black people. His works feature in international collections including the Tate Modern, Pinault Collection, Fondazione Sandretto Re Rebaudengo.

Pinault Collection
Pinault Collection is the legal entity  holding the artistic and cultural assets of the French businessman François Pinault. It manages the art collection of the Pinault family, its exhibition sites, institutional and cultural partnerships, art loans, and artist-in-residence programs.
1978 Ontario New Democratic Party leadership election
The 1978 Ontario New Democratic Party leadership election was held in Toronto, Ontario, on February 5, 1978, to elect a successor to Stephen Lewis as leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP). The convention was necessary because Lewis resigned after the party performed poorly in the 1977 Ontario provincial election, where they had dropped to third place in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Michael Cassidy won on the second ballot, defeating Ian Deans.

Ian Deans
Ian Deans (16 August 1937 – 3 May 2016) was a Scottish-Canadian politician. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1967 to 1979 and was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1980 to 1986.
Sadeness (Part I)
"Sadeness (Part I)" is a song by German musical project Enigma, released in October 1990 by Virgin Records as the lead single from their first album, MCMXC a.D. (1990). It was written by Michael Cretu, Fabrice Cuitad and Frank Peterson, and produced by the latter. The song features French lyrics whispered by Cretu's then-wife, Sandra and became an international hit, reaching number one in 14 countries. In the United States, it peaked at number five on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one on both the Dance Club Play and 12-inch Singles Sales charts. Its accompanying music video was directed by Michel Guimbard, featuring a scribe dreaming of wandering into The Gates of Hell. A sequel to the song, "Sadeness (Part II)" featuring Anggun, was released on Enigma's eighth studio album, The Fall of a Rebel Angel (2016).

The Gates of Hell
The Gates of Hell (French: La Porte de l'Enfer) is a monumental bronze sculptural group work by the French artist Auguste Rodin that depicts a scene from the Inferno, the first section of Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy. It stands at 6 metres high, 4 metres wide and 1 metre deep (19.7×13.1×3.3 ft) and contains 180 figures.

Several casts of the work were made, which are now in various locations around the world. Rodin's original plaster model is in the Musée D'Orsay, Paris.  The figures range from 15 centimetres (6 in) high up to more than one metre (3 ft). Several of the figures were also cast as independent free-standing statues.
Nutrient cycle
A nutrient cycle (or ecological recycling) is the movement and exchange of inorganic and organic matter back into the production of matter. Energy flow is a unidirectional and noncyclic pathway, whereas the movement of mineral nutrients is cyclic. Mineral cycles include the carbon cycle, sulfur cycle, nitrogen cycle, water cycle, phosphorus cycle, oxygen cycle, among others that continually recycle along with other mineral nutrients into productive ecological nutrition.

Productivity (ecology)
In ecology, the term productivity refers to the rate of generation of biomass in an ecosystem, usually expressed in units of mass per volume (unit surface) per unit of time, such as grams per square metre per day (g m−2 d−1). The unit of mass can relate to dry matter or to the mass of generated carbon. The productivity of autotrophs, such as plants, is called primary productivity, while the productivity of heterotrophs, such as animals, is called secondary productivity.

The productivity of an ecosystem is influenced by a wide range of factors, including nutrient availability, temperature, and water availability. Understanding ecological productivity is vital because it provides insights into how ecosystems function and the extent to which they can support life.
Narubadin Weerawatnodom
Narubadin Weerawatnodom (Thai: นฤบดินทร์ วีรวัฒโนดม, RTGS: Naruebodin Wirawatnodom, born 12 July 1994) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Thai League 1 club Buriram United and the Thailand national team.

Thai League 1
The Thai League (Thai: ไทยลีก, pronounced as ไท-หลีก) or Thai League 1 (Thai: ไทยลีก 1, pronounced as ไท-หลีก-หนึ่ง), often referred to as T1, is the highest level of the Thai football league system. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Thai League 2. Seasons typically run from August to May, with each team playing 30 games: two against each other team, one home and one away. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Sealion 6 League I. In the Thai League, most games are played on Saturday and Sunday evenings, occasionally being played on Wednesday and Friday evening fixtures.
Khevin Pratt
Khevin R. Pratt (born May 16, 1970), nicknamed The Jet, is an American former professional football wide receiver who played five seasons in the Arena Football League (AFL) with the Charlotte Rage, Nashville Kats, Milwaukee Mustangs, New York CityHawks and Portland Forest Dragons. He played college football at El Camino College, the University of Utah, and California State University, Chico. He also played for the Sacramento Gold Miners of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Nashville Kats
The Nashville Kats were an Arena Football League team, located in Nashville, Tennessee. They were last coached by Pat Sperduto, who coached the team's original incarnation to two ArenaBowl appearances prior to the original franchise's move to Atlanta in 2002 (then becoming the Georgia Force).  Sperduto also coached the second incarnation of the Nashville Kats following their return to the Arena Football League as an expansion team in 2005.
Tripolis (region of Phoenicia)
Tripolis (Greek: Τρίπολις; meaning "three cities") was a maritime district in ancient Phoenicia. The center of the confederation of the three Phoenician cities of Tyre, Sidon, and Aradus. Through the ages, it evolved to become the present Lebanese city of Tripoli.

During the 3rd Century, Tripolis was the site of a Roman mint from around 270 to 286.

Arwad
Arwad (Phoenician: 𐤀𐤓𐤅𐤃‎, romanized: ʾRWD; Arabic: أرواد, romanized: ʾArwād), the classical Aradus, is a town in Syria on an eponymous island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is the administrative center of the Arwad Subdistrict (nahiyah), of which it is the only locality. It is the only inhabited island in Syria. It is located 3 km (1.9 mi) from Tartus (the ancient Tortosa), Syria's second-largest port.

Today, Arwad is mainly a fishing town. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, during the 2004 census, it had a population of 4,403, predominantly Arab Sunni Muslims. Plans were unveiled in May 2016 to renovate the island to become a tourist attraction. The island is currently surrounded by ancient Phoenician era walls.
Wyndham Clark
Wyndham Robert Clark (born December 9, 1993) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. Clark had a breakout year in 2023; he won his first PGA Tour title at the Wells Fargo Championship in May and his first major championship at the 2023 U.S. Open the following month.

Truist Championship
The Truist Championship is a professional golf tournament in North Carolina on the PGA Tour. Held in early May, usually at the Quail Hollow Club in Charlotte, it has attracted some of the top players on the tour. It debuted in 2003 as the Wachovia Championship, was known in 2009 and 2010 as the Quail Hollow Championship, from 2011 to 2024 as the Wells Fargo Championship and became the Truist Championship in 2025.

From 2004–06 and 2011–13, the tournament ended in a playoff.  Additionally, the event has one of the tougher finishes on tour with 16, 17, and 18, commonly known as the "Green Mile," often ranked among the PGA Tour's toughest holes.  Organized by Champions for Education, Inc., the majority of the charitable proceeds from the tournament benefit Teach for America.

Decades earlier, Quail Hollow hosted the PGA Tour's Kemper Open eleven times, from 1969 through 1979.
Đại Việt sử lược
The Đại Việt sử lược (chữ Hán: 大越史略; lit. Abridged Chronicles of Đại Việt) or Việt sử lược (chữ Hán: 越史略; lit. Abridged Chronicles of Viet) is an historical text that was compiled during the Trần dynasty. The three-book work was finished around 1377 and covers the history of Vietnam from the reign of Triệu Đà to the collapse of the Lý dynasty. During the Fourth Chinese domination of Vietnam, the book, together with almost all official records of the Trần dynasty, was taken away to China and subsequently collected in the Siku Quanshu. The Đại Việt sử lược is considered the earliest chronicle about the history of Vietnam that remains today.

Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (Vietnamese: 𡨸漢 [t͡ɕɯ˦ˀ˥ haːn˧˦] ⓘ, lit. 'Han characters') are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese (Hán văn; 漢文) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was annexed into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century.
Mindegade, Aarhus
Mindegade is a 120 meters long street in Aarhus, Denmark, situated in the historic Indre By neighborhood. Mindegade runs from north to south from Fiskergade to Dynkarken and the square Europaplads. Mindegade gradually evolved from around 1606 as the city slowly extended southwards as the harbor was expanded and the river was covered up. The name is from some time before 1796 and refers to the nearby outlet of the river; the word "minde" is an old Danish world for river mouth and "gade" means street. Mindegade is fairly narrow and is a one-way street going from north to south. *The street contains two listed buildings; Trods Katholm and Hans Broge's House.

Trods Katholm
Trods Katholm is a former manor house and a listed building in Aarhus Municipality, Denmark. The house was built in 1606 and was listed by the Danish Heritage Agency on 2 September 1994. The building complex is situated in the central Indre By neighbourhood on Fredens Torv by the Aarhus River. It is one of the oldest preserved buildings in the city with a history of many different uses. The listing includes the main building of the former manor built in 1606 and an adjacent former warehouse building from 1850.
Antònia Fontanillas
Antònia Margarita Aurora Fontanillas Borràs (29 May 1917 – 23 September 2014) was a Catalan anarcho-syndicalist activist, journalist and historian. Coming from an anarchist family, she joined the anarchist movement at an early age, affiliating with the graphic arts union of the National Confederation of Labour (CNT) and the Libertarian Youth. She worked for Solidaridad Obrera during the Spanish Civil War and clandestinely distributed the paper after the fall of Barcelona, before fleeing into exile in France. She remained active in the exiled anarchist movement, and after the Spanish transition to democracy, she joined the General Confederation of Labour (CGT) and wrote several works about the history of Spanish anarchism.

Solidaridad Obrera (periodical)
Solidaridad Obrera (Spanish for Workers' Solidarity) is a newspaper, published by the Catalan/Balearic regional section of the anarchist labor union Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), and mouthpiece of the CNT in Spain.

The paper takes its name from an organization of the same name that started in 1907 and reorganized the labor movement in Spain based on the structure of the Federación de Trabajadores de la Región Española (FTRE). This name has been used by numerous anarchist periodicals in several countries.

The newspaper Solidaridad Obrera was first published on 19 October 1907, in Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain) as the mouthpiece of the Solidaridad Obrera federation and has been published, in different forms up to today, now consisting of an online version as well as a print-version that has a print-run of 5,000 copies that have been distributed for free since 2005.
A Dangerous Adventure (serial)
A Dangerous Adventure is a 1922 American silent adventure serial film directed by Sam Warner and Jack L. Warner and written by Sam Warner. The film stars Grace Darmond, Philo McCullough, Jack Richardson, Robert Agnew, Derelys Perdue, and Rex De Rosselli. The film was released by Warner Bros. on November 1, 1922.

Philo McCullough
Philo McCullough (June 16, 1893 – June 5, 1981) was an American actor. He appeared in more than 250 films between 1914 and 1969. He was born in San Bernardino, California, and died in Burbank, California.

McCullough's film debut came in 1912 with the Selig Company. He initially acted in light comedy roles, and in 1921 he directed Maid of the West. After that, he appeared primarily as a villain.
Cathinka Tandberg
Cathinka "Tinka" Cecilie Friis Tandberg (Norwegian: [kɑˈtɪŋkɑ sɛˈsiːlɪə ˈfɾiːs ˈtɑnˌbærɡ]; born 18 June 2004) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Women's Super League club Tottenham Hotspur and the Norway national team.

Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Women
Tottenham Hotspur Football Club Women, commonly referred to as Tottenham (/ˈtɒtənəm/) or Spurs, is an English women's football club affiliated with Tottenham Hotspur. The club currently compete in the Women's Super League (WSL), the top flight of women's football in England. The club gained promotion to the WSL after finishing second in the 2018–19 FA Women's Championship.

Tottenham Hotspur play its home games at Brisbane Road in Leyton, and occasionally at the Tottenham Hotspur Stadium. The club has been training full-time at Hotspur Way since 2020.

The club has won twelve titles, the most recent being the overall FA Women's Premier League in the 2016–17 season.
Niebla sorediata
Niebla  sorediata is a fruticose lichen that grows on rocks along the foggy Pacific Coast of North America, in the Channel Islands (San Clemente Island) of California and on Guadalupe Island of Baja California.  The epithet, sorediata, is in reference to the development of soredia (soredium).

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
Hajar Bachhor Dhore
Hajar Bachhor Dhore also (Bengali: হাজার বছর ধরে, English: Symphony of Agony) is a 2005 Bangladeshi Bengali-language film directed by Kohinur Akter Suchanda. Based on Bangladeshi novelist and filmmaker Zahir Raihan's popular novel Hajar Bochhor Dhore, it stars Riaz, newcomer Shoshi, Shahnoor, Kohinur Akter Suchanda, ATM Shamsuzzaman and many more.

Hajar Bachhor Dhore was highly appreciated by film critics and film viewers and won National Film Awards for best film award and in six other categories. The film was also awarded by Meril Prothom Alo Awards with the best film award with three categories.

Zahir Raihan
Mohammad Zahirullah (19 August 1935 – disappeared 30 January 1972), known as Zahir Raihan, was a Bangladeshi novelist, writer and filmmaker. He is most notable for his documentary Stop Genocide (1971), made during the Bangladesh Liberation War. He was posthumously awarded Ekushey Padak in 1977 and Independence Day Award in 1992 by the government of Bangladesh.
Ngāti Whakahemo
Ngāti Whakahemo is a Māori iwi of New Zealand. Its rohe (tribal area) covers the areas around Pongakawa and Pukehina, as well as Mōtītī Island, Motuhaku Island and Motunau / Plate Island, in the Bay of Plenty region. Since 1998, the iwi has been pursuing claims to Pongakawa and Pukehina before the Waitangi tribunal.

Pukehina
Pukehina is a beach and township located in the Western Bay of Plenty District and Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand's North Island. It consists of a white sandy beach, an estuary, farms and several homes. The area is popular with surfing, windsurfing and kite surfing. There is a campground located at the south-eastern end of the beach, and a boat ramp at the estuary.

The beach is dangerous for inexperienced surfers and swimmers due to the strong currents that are often present and steep banks at many places along the six kilometre beach. Offshore winds blow from the south-west, which are quite common since the prevailing wind in New Zealand is westerly. The area also enjoys more sunshine hours than other places in the country.

Both sharks and seals have been sighted at the beach. Several dead seals washed up on the beach in August 2019.
Quaoar
Quaoar (minor-planet designation: 50000 Quaoar) is a ringed dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a band of icy planetesimals beyond Neptune. It has a slightly ellipsoidal shape with an average diameter of 1,100 km (680 mi), about half the size of the dwarf planet Pluto. The object was discovered by American astronomers Chad Trujillo and Michael Brown at Palomar Observatory on 4 June 2002. Quaoar has a reddish surface made of crystalline water ice, tholins, and traces of frozen methane.

Quaoar has two thin rings orbiting outside its Roche limit, which defies theoretical expectations that rings outside the Roche limit should be unstable. Quaoar has one moon named Weywot and another unnamed moon that has not yet been confirmed. It is believed that Quaoar's elongated shape, gravitational influence of its moons, and extremely cold temperature help keep its rings stable.

Palomar Observatory
The Palomar Observatory is an astronomical research observatory in the Palomar Mountains of San Diego County, California, United States. It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Research time at the observatory is granted to Caltech and its research partners, which include the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Yale University, and the National Astronomical Observatories of China.

The observatory operates several telescopes, including the 200-inch (5.1 m) Hale Telescope, the 48-inch (1.2 m) Samuel Oschin telescope (dedicated to the Zwicky Transient Facility, ZTF), the Palomar 60-inch (1.5 m) Telescope, and the 30-centimetre (12-inch) Gattini-IR telescope. Decommissioned instruments include the Palomar Testbed Interferometer and the first telescopes at the observatory, an 18-inch (46 cm) Schmidt camera from 1936.
Jhugian Bandu
Jhugian Bandu is a village in Sultanpur Lodhi tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab, India. It is located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from the city of Sultanpur Lodhi, 38 kilometres (24 mi) away from district headquarter Kapurthala.  The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per the constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).

Sultanpur Lodhi
Sultanpur Lodhi is a city and a Municipal Council, 17 miles (27 km) from Kapurthala city in the Kapurthala district in the Indian state of Punjab. The town is named after its founder, Bahlul Khan Lodi, the future Sultan of Delhi who renamed the town in 1443 C.E. during his time as governor of Punjab, and was also mentioned in the Ain-e-Akbari. Sultanpur Lodhi is on the south bank of a seasonal rivulet called Kali Bein, which runs 6 miles (9.7 km) north of the confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers of Punjab.