hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
EAServer
EAServer is an application server developed by the company Sybase. It includes an integrated set of tools used to create and run web applications with support for high levels of traffic, dynamic content and intensive processing of online transactions.

EAServer provides the necessary infrastructure to run applications distributed based on components, residing in the middle layer of a multi-layer architecture, between the application client and the remote database.

EAServer allows the efficient management of client sessions, security, threads, connections to the database and flow of transactions, without requiring specialized knowledge on the part of the developer.

The most recent versions of EAServer are 5.5 and 6.1 (last revised 12/12/2007).

Thread (computing)
In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system. In many cases, a thread is a component of a process.

The multiple threads of a given process may be executed concurrently (via multithreading capabilities), sharing resources such as memory, while different processes do not share these resources. In particular, the threads of a process share its executable code and the values of its dynamically allocated variables and non-thread-local global variables at any given time.

The implementation of threads and processes differs between operating systems.
Tatyana Makarova
Tatyana Petrovna Makarova (Russian: Татьяна Петровна Макарова; 25 September 1920 – 25 August 1944) was a flight commander in the 46th Taman Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment, one of the three women's aviation regiments founded by Marina Raskova. She and her navigator Vera Belik were posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union after their plane was shot down by the Axis forces over Nazi-occupied Poland.

Irina Rakobolskaya
Irina Vyacheslavovna Rakobolskaya (Russian: Ири́на Вячесла́вовна Ракобо́льская; 22 December 1919 – 22 September 2016) was a mathematician and physicist who served as the chief of staff of the women's 46th Taman Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment during World War II. After the war she worked as a physicist at Moscow State University and studied cosmic rays. She received numerous high state awards in her career and was awarded the title Honored Scientist of the Russian SFSR in 1990. She co-authored a book with Natalya Meklin-Kravtsova, an aviator from the regiment, titled We Were Called Night Witches about their experiences in the war, as their nickname given by their German opponents, Nachthexen, meant "night witches".
Samuel Sáiz
Samuel Sáiz Alonso (born 22 January 1991) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or a forward for Turkish club Eyüpspor.

He spent most of his career in the Spanish lower leagues, amassing Segunda División totals of 165 games and 23 goals with Huesca and Girona after signing with the former club at the age of 24. In La Liga, he appeared in 11 matches for Getafe over two separate spells and eight for Girona, and also spent one and a half years in the English Championship with Leeds United.

Girona FC
Girona Futbol Club, S.A.D. (Catalan: [ʒiˈɾonə] ⓘ zhi-RO-nuh) is a Spanish professional football club based in Girona, Catalonia, Spain. Founded on 23 July 1930, the team plays in La Liga, to which they gained promotion in the 2022 Segunda División play-offs.

Girona holds its home matches at the 14,624-capacity Estadi Montilivi. It is a part of City Football Group Limited. The club also has youth and amateur women's teams for competition.
Radio Cetinje
Radio Cetinje is the public radio station in Cetinje, Montenegro. It is the oldest electronic broadcaster in Montenegro, founded on 27 November 1944. Radio Cetinje is part of RTV Cetinje and operates via FM and Internet.

Cetinje
Cetinje (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Цетиње, pronounced [t͡sětiɲe]) is a town in Montenegro. It is the former royal capital (Montenegrin: prijestonica / приjестоница) of Montenegro and is the location of several national institutions, including the official residence of the president of Montenegro.

According to the 2023 census, the town had a population of 12,460 while the Cetinje Municipality had 14,465 residents. Cetinje is the centre of Cetinje Municipality. The city rests on a small karst plain surrounded by limestone mountains, including Mount Lovćen, the legendary mountain in Montenegrin historiography. Cetinje was founded in the 15th century and became a cradle of the culture of Montenegro. Its status as the honorary capital of Montenegro is due to its heritage as a long-serving former capital of Montenegro.
Sauganash Hotel
Sauganash Hotel (originally Eagle Exchange Tavern) was a hotel regarded as the first hotel in Chicago, Illinois. Built in 1831, the hotel was located at Wolf Point in the present-day Loop community area at the intersection of the north, south and main branches of the Chicago River. The location at West Lake Street and North Wacker Drive (formerly Market Street) was designated a Chicago Landmark on November 6, 2002. The hotel changed proprietors often in its twenty-year existence and its dining hall area briefly served as Chicago's first commercial theater. It was named after Billy Caldwell, called Sauganash meaning Englishman, a captain in the British Indian Department and son of William Caldwell.

William Caldwell (ranger)
William Caldwell (c. 1750 – 20 February 1822) was an Irish-born Loyalist military officer and a colonial official in the British Indian Department.  He fought against the Patriots during the American Revolutionary War, serving with Butler's Rangers based at Fort Niagara and Fort Detroit. After the war, together with other Loyalists, Caldwell was granted land in Upper Canada (now Ontario). He became a farmer and merchant, and is credited with the founding of the New Settlement east of the mouth of the Detroit River. During the War of 1812 he was authorized to recruit a unit of mounted volunteers known as Caldwell's Rangers that saw action at the Battle of the Thames. Caldwell briefly served as Deputy Superintendent of Indians for the Western District beginning in 1814.
Forbidden Creatures
Forbidden Creatures: Inside the World of Animal Smuggling and Exotic Pets is a 2010 book by Doctor of Philosophy Peter Laufer. It is the second book in his untitled animal trilogy, following The Dangerous World of Butterflies in 2009 and preceding No Animals Were Harmed in 2011. The book explores the lives of those that either own exotic animals or have been captured for illegally smuggling them, with a strong focus on Travis, the chimpanzee who attacked Charla Nash in 2009.

Travis (chimpanzee)
Travis (October 21, 1995 – February 16, 2009) was a male chimpanzee who was raised by and lived with Sandra Herold in Stamford, Connecticut. On February 16, 2009, he mauled Herold's friend Charla Nash, blinding her, severing several body parts, and lacerating her face. He was shot dead by the responding police officer.

The incident received international attention and sparked a debate over the ethics of keeping primates as pets. In the aftermath, the Captive Primate Safety Act was reintroduced to add chimpanzees, among other primates, to the list of "prohibited wildlife species" that cannot be sold or purchased through interstate and foreign sales. The bill died in committee but was reintroduced in 2024 and (as of August 2024) remains before Congress.
Vaartse Rijn
The Vaartse Rijn is a canal connecting the city of Utrecht with Nieuwegein and the Lek river in the Dutch province of Utrecht. The Vaartse Rijn was formerly a major shipping route between Utrecht and the Rhine basin.

Nieuwegein
Nieuwegein (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌniu.əˈɣɛin] ⓘ) is a municipality and city in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is bordered on the north by the city of Utrecht, the provincial capital. It is separated from Vianen to the south by the river Lek and borders on IJsselstein in the southwest and Houten in the east. Nieuwegein has 64,606 inhabitants as of 1 December 2021.

Several national sports federations are housed in Nieuwegein, including the NeVoBo (volleyball), KNZB (swimming), NBb (basketball) and KNCB (cricket).

There are three main secondary schools in the city, including the Anna van Rijn College, Oosterlicht College and the Cals College.
Vicki Been
Vicki L. Been is an American lawyer, public servant, and professor who served as the Deputy Mayor of New York City for Housing and Economic Development from April 2019 to December 2021. She previously served as commissioner of the New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development. She is a law professor at the New York University School of Law and has served as director of the Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy.

New York University School of Law
40°43′49″N 73°59′58″W﻿ / ﻿40.73028°N 73.99944°W﻿ / 40.73028; -73.99944

The New York University School of Law (NYU Law) is the law school of New York University, a private research university in New York City.

Established in 1835, it was the first law school established in New York City and is the oldest extant law school in New York State and one of the oldest law schools in the United States. Located in Greenwich Village in Lower Manhattan, NYU Law grants J.D., LL.M., and J.S.D. degrees.

As of 2025, NYU Law's first-time bar passage rate is 96.6 percent, with an ultimate bar passage rate of 99.2 percent.
Miss Mary (1957 film)
Miss Mary is a 1957 Indian Hindi-language comedy film directed by L. V. Prasad. The film is an AVM Production and directed by L. V. Prasad. The film is a remake of Prasad's 1955 Telugu-Tamil bilingual film Missamma / Missiamma, which itself was a remake of the 1935 Bengali film Maanmoyee Girls' School. It stars Meena Kumari in the titular role, Kishore Kumar and Gemini Ganesan (credited as Ganesh). The music was by Hemant Kumar with the lyrics and dialogue written by Rajendra Krishan. The songs were sung by Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosle, Geeta Dutt and Mohammed Rafi.

Meena Kumari, who was to later become famous for her tragedy roles meriting the sobriquet "The Tragedy Queen", acted in a few light-hearted roles in the 1950s in films such as Azaad (1955), Mem Sahib (1956), Shararat, Kohinoor (1960) and Miss Mary. Miss Mary was one of the biggest hits of that year.

Shararat (1959 film)
Shararat (meaning "Mischief") is a 1959 Hindi romantic drama film written, produced and directed by H. S. Rawail. It stars Raaj Kumar, Kishore Kumar, Meena Kumari, Kumkum in lead roles, with the memorable  song "Hum Matwale Naujawan"
sung by Kishore Kumar. Here, Meena Kumari matched the boisterous Kishore Kumar. This film is also unique because in addition to Kishore Kumar singing his own songs, two versions of a classical raga based song ("Ajab Hai Daastaan Teri Yeh Zindagi") that were picturized on Kishore Kumar were sung by Mohammad Rafi,  on Kishore Kumar's insistence.
Si Woo Park
Park Si-woo (born 26 June 1991), anglicized as Si Woo Park is a South Korean mixed martial artist, currently competing in the atomweight division of Jewels. She is the former Jewels Strawweight champion.

As of January 3, 2022, Fight Matrix ranks her as the eight best atomweight in the world, while Sherdog ranks her as the seventh best atomweight in the world.

Jewels (mixed martial arts)
Jewels (styled JEWELS in capitals) is a mixed martial arts organization owned by Marverous Japan Co., Ltd., focused on female fighters. It is the direct successor of Smackgirl. It has a working relationship with fellow mixed martial arts promotion Deep presided by Shigeru Saeki (also the Jewels supervisor).
Rosemary Butler (politician)
Dame Rosemary Janet Mair Butler DBE (née McGrath; born 21 January 1943) is a British politician who served as Presiding Officer of the National Assembly for Wales (now Llywydd of the Senedd) from 2011 to 2016. A member of Welsh Labour, Butler was the Assembly Member (AM; now Member of the Senedd) for Newport West from 1999 to 2016.

Serving briefly as Secretary for Education in the first two years of the Welsh Government, she was elected Deputy Presiding Officer in May 2007. In May 2011, Butler was elected as the Presiding Officer. She did not stand for election to the Assembly in the 2016 elections.

Welsh Labour
Welsh Labour (Welsh: Llafur Cymru), formerly known as the Labour Party in Wales (Welsh: Y Blaid Lafur yng Nghymru), is an autonomous section of the United Kingdom Labour Party in Wales and the largest party in the modern politics of Wales. Welsh Labour and its forebears have won a plurality of the Welsh vote at every United Kingdom general election since 1922, every National Assembly (now Senedd) election since 1999, and all elections to the European Parliament in the period 1979–2004 and in 2014. Welsh Labour holds 27 of the 32 Welsh seats in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, 29 of the 60 seats in the Welsh Senedd, and 576 of the 1,264 councillors in principal local authorities including overall control of 10 of the 22 principal local authorities.

It has longest winning streak of any political party in the world and has been described as "by some distance the democratic world's most successful election-winning machine".
Aden Gulf torpedo
The Aden Gulf torpedo or Aden torpedo (Torpedo adenensis) is a poorly known species of electric ray in the family Torpedinidae, seemingly endemic to the eastern Gulf of Aden, near the coast of Yemen. Growing to 41 cm (16 in) long, this species has a nearly circular pectoral fin disc and a short, thick tail with two dorsal fins and a well-developed caudal fin. It is characterized by its reddish dorsal coloration, which in contrast to related species lacks any additional markings. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed the Aden Gulf torpedo as Endangered, citing its extremely small range and the intensive shrimp trawling that occurs in the region.

Trawling
Trawling is an industrial method of fishing that involves pulling a fishing net through the water behind one or more boats. The net used for trawling is called a trawl. This principle requires netting bags which are towed through water to catch different species of fishes or sometimes targeted species. Trawls are often called towed gear or dragged gear.

The boats that are used for trawling are called trawlers or draggers. Trawlers vary in size from small open boats with as little as 30 hp (22 kW) engines to large factory trawlers with over 10,000 hp (7.5 MW). Trawling can be carried out by one trawler or by two trawlers fishing cooperatively (pair trawling).

Trawling can be contrasted with trolling. While trawling involves a net and is typically done for commercial usage, trolling instead involves a reel, rod and a bait or a lure and is typically done for recreational purposes. Trawling is also commonly used as a scientific sampling, or survey, method.
Frostpunk 2
Frostpunk 2 is a city-building survival video game developed and published by 11 Bit Studios. Set 30 years after the original game, Frostpunk 2 tasks players to take on the role of a leader in an alternate history early 20th century in order to build and manage a city during a catastrophic, worldwide volcanic winter that almost completely destroyed human civilization while making morally and politically controversial choices to ensure its survival. The game was released for macOS and Windows PC on September 20, 2024, with a later release for PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X and Series S on September 18, 2025.

Survival game
Survival games are a subgenre of action games which are often set in hostile, intense, open-world environments. Players generally start with minimal equipment and are required to survive as long as possible by finding the resources necessary to manage hunger, thirst, disease and/or mental state. Many survival games are based on randomly or procedurally generated persistent environments; more recently, survival games are often playable online, allowing players to interact in a single world. Survival games are generally open-ended with no set goals and often closely related to the survival horror genre, where the player must survive within a supernatural setting, such as a zombie apocalypse.
Pyotr Bogdanov
Pyotr Alekseevich Bogdanov (Russian: Пётр Алексеевич Богданов; 1 June 1882 – 12 May 1939) was a Soviet statesman, engineer and economist who was chairman of the Supreme Council of the National Economy of the Russian SFSR. He was executed during the Great Purge in 1939, then rehabilitated in 1956.

Supreme Soviet of the National Economy
The Supreme Soviet of the National Economy or Superior Soviet of the People's Economy (Russian: Высший совет народного хозяйства, ВСНХ, romanized: Vysshiy sovet narodnogo khozyaystva, VSNKh, Vesenkha or Vesenka) was the superior state institution for management of the economy of the RSFSR and later of the Soviet Union. There were two institutions with this name, at different times, 1917–1932 and 1963–1965.
History of chromatography
The history of chromatography spans from the mid-19th century to the 21st.  Chromatography, literally "color writing", was used—and named— in the first decade of the 20th century, primarily for the separation of plant pigments such as chlorophyll (which is green) and carotenoids (which are orange and yellow).  New forms of chromatography developed in the 1930s and 1940s made the technique useful for a wide range of separation processes and chemical analysis tasks, especially in biochemistry.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Paul Damance
Paul Damance [D’Amance] (c. 1650 – after 1718) was a French religious of the ordre de la sainte Trinité et rédemption des captifs, who had several masses in "musical plainsong" published between 1687 and 1707.

Trinitarians
The Trinitarians, formally known as the Order of the Most Holy Trinity and of the Captives (Latin: Ordo Sanctissimae Trinitatis et Captivorum; abbreviated OSsT), is a mendicant order of the Catholic Church for men founded in Cerfroid, outside Paris, in the late 12th century. From the very outset, a special dedication to the mystery of the Holy Trinity has been a constitutive element of the order's life.

Papal documents refer to the founder only as "Brother John", but tradition identifies him as John of Matha, whose feast day is celebrated on 17 December. The founding-intention for the order was the ransom of Christians held captive by Muslims, a consequence of crusading and of piracy along the Mediterranean coast of Europe.
August 2008 lunar eclipse
A partial lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, August 16, 2008, with an umbral magnitude of 0.8095. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when one part of the Moon is in the Earth's umbra, while the other part is in the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 6.2 days before apogee (on August 10, 2008, at 16:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Mintlaw Viaduct
The Mintlaw Trestle is an abandoned steel and wooden railway trestle that was built over the Red Deer River by the Alberta Central Railway near Mintlaw, Alberta, in 1912.  The last train to cross the bridge was in 1981, and the line and bridge was abandoned in 1983. The bridge is the second longest Canadian Pacific Railway bridge of its kind in Alberta. It is the longest and the highest bridge in Central Alberta. It is west of Tuttle, northwest of Penhold, southwest of Red Deer, northwest of Red Deer Airport, and near the intersection of the C & E Trail and McKenzie Road.

Red Deer County
Red Deer County is a municipal district in central Alberta, Canada within Census Division No. 8 and surrounding the City of Red Deer. The neighbouring municipalities of Red Deer County are Clearwater County to the west, Lacombe County to the north, the County of Stettler No. 6 to the east, Kneehill County to the southeast and Mountain View County to the south. It is located approximately midway between Edmonton and Calgary, bisected by the Queen Elizabeth II Highway and bounded on the north and east by the Red Deer River.
Rey Loreto
Johnrey Dandal Loreto (born 11 March 1997) who goes by his ring name Rey Loreto is a Filipino professional boxer who held the IBO Light flyweight title, he also challenged for the WBA Mini flyweight title once.

International Boxing Organization
The International Boxing Organization (IBO) is a US based corporation that sanctions professional boxing matches and awards world and regional championships.

It is an independent organization not recognized by the "big four" governing bodies (WBA, WBC, IBF and WBO), who only recognize each other in their rankings and title unification rules. Despite this, as of 2023, IBO titles have been unified with titles of the other bodies in several weight divisions.
The WBC website highlights the importance of title recognition and the implications of multiple governing bodies in boxing. While the IBO operates independently, its titles being unified with the WBA, IBF, and WBO in certain divisions demonstrates how these organizations work together despite initial rivalries.
Durbin test
Durbin test is a non-parametric statistical test for balanced incomplete designs that reduces to the Friedman test in the case of a complete block design. In the analysis of designed experiments, the Friedman test is the most common non-parametric test for complete block designs.

Block design
In combinatorial mathematics, a block design is an incidence structure consisting of a set together with a family of subsets known as blocks, chosen such that number of occurrences of each element satisfies certain conditions making the collection of blocks exhibit symmetry (balance). Block designs have applications in many areas, including experimental design, finite geometry, physical chemistry, software testing, cryptography, and algebraic geometry.

Without further specifications the term block design usually refers to a balanced incomplete block design (BIBD), specifically (and also synonymously) a 2-design, which has been the most intensely studied type historically due to its application in the design of experiments. Its generalization is known as a t-design.