hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Common Entrance Examination for Design
The Common Entrance Examination for Design (CEED) is a joint entrance exam for post-graduate studies in the field of technological design. The exams are held annually at all Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institute of Science (IISc). The examination is hosted by the Industrial Design Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay on behalf of Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.

The CEED is a descriptive test covering a student's logical, creative, observation and drawing skills, tested in particular for admission to various design courses in the fields of product design, industrial design, visual communication, animation graphics, vehicle design and mobility.

There is also the Undergraduate Common Entrance Examination for Design, or UCEED, with different qualifications to take the exam.

Indian Institute of Science
The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) is a public, deemed, research university for higher education and research in science, engineering, design, and management. It is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The institute was established in 1909 with active support from Jamsetji Tata and thus is also locally known as the Tata Institute. It was granted a deemed university status in 1958 and recognized as an Institute of Eminence in 2018.
Victorina Trucano
Victorina Trucano or Victorina Belloti, (1839-?), was an Italian hatmaker and illegalist anarchist. She is best known for her actions during the rise of illegalism, where she joined the Ortiz gang, and for being accused in the Trial of the Thirty.

Born in Italy and a widow from a previous marriage, Trucano joined the Ortiz gang with her son, Luigi. She fenced goods stolen by the group before moving with other members to the hideout where they kept the loot from their robberies. Arrested, she was brought to justice at the Trial of the Thirty, a political trial targeting the anarchist movement, and was ultimately acquitted.

Trial of the Thirty
The Trial of the Thirty (French: Procès des trente) was a trial in 1894 in Paris, France, aimed at legitimizing the lois scélérates passed in 1893–94 against the anarchist movement and restricting press freedom by proving the existence of an effective association between anarchists.

Lasting from 6 August to 31 October 1894, it put on trial 30 French and foreign alleged anarchists, on a charge of "criminal association" (association de malfaiteurs). Held in virtue of the lois scélérates censoring the press and outlawing apologies for propaganda by the deed, the trial mixed anarchist theorists with common law criminals.

Among the defendants were Charles Chatel, Ivan Aguéli, Sébastien Faure, Félix Fénéon, Jean Grave, Louis Armand Matha, Maximilien Luce, Émile Pouget, Paul Reclus, Alexander Cohen, Constant Martin and Louis Duprat.
Dinailurictis
Dinailurictis is an extinct nimravid carnivoran (or "false sabre-toothed cat") belonging to the subfamily Nimravinae. It was named in 1922, with subsequent material being recovered from Early to Late Oligocene deposits across France and Spain.

Nimravinae
The Nimravinae are a subfamily of the Nimravidae, an extinct family of feliform mammalian carnivores, sometimes known as false saber-toothed cats. They were found in Eurasia and North America from the Late Eocene through the Late Oligocene epochs (Bartonian through Chattian stages, 35.37—25.9 mya), spanning about 17.37 million years. Including supplementary materials Centered in North America, the radiation of the Nimravinae from the Eocene to Oligocene was the first radiation of cat-like carnivorans. This subfamily would later disperse into Africa and gave rise to Barbourofelinae.
Ramakanta Panda
Ramakanta Panda, is an Indian cardiac surgeon and the chief consultant for cardiovascular thoracic surgery and the Chairman of the Asian Heart Institute, a speciality cardiac care hospital under the aegis of Asian Hospitals, at the Bandra-Kurla Complex in Mumbai, India. In 2002, he set up the Asian Heart Institute in India. Panda has performed about 30,000 successful cardiac surgeries, including more than 2,000 redo surgeries and 6,000+ high-risk surgeries
He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2010 by the Government of India. With a 99.8% success rate in bypass surgery, he is widely considered the world’s safest cardiac surgeon. Currently, he is the Chairman of Asian Heart Institute in Mumbai.

In 2009, he led the team that successfully operated on the then-prime minister of India, Manmohan Singh. This was followed by highly complex surgeries on several leaders of Indian politics, such as Lalu Prasad Yadav, Tarun Gogoi, Narasingha Mishra, D Raja, Rajiv Shukla and many others.

D. Raja
Doraisamy Raja (born 3 June 1949) is an Indian politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (CPI) since July 2019. He is a former member of the Rajya Sabha from Tamil Nadu. 
He was the national secretary of the Communist Party of India (CPI) from 1994 to 2019.
St. Joseph Goats
The St. Joseph Goats (formerly known as the Kansas City Goats) are a professional indoor football team based in St. Joseph, Missouri in the United States. They are currently members of The Arena League (The AL or TAL). They played their home games at Municipal Auditorium and St. Pius X High School for the 2024 AL season, but moved to nearby St. Joseph, Missouri.  As of 2025, they will play their home games at the St. Joseph Civic Arena.

St. Joseph, Missouri
St. Joseph is a city in and the county seat of Buchanan County, Missouri, United States. Located on the Missouri River, it is the principal city of the St. Joseph Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Buchanan, Andrew, and DeKalb counties in Missouri and Doniphan County, Kansas. As of the 2020 census, St. Joseph had a population of 72,473, making it the 8th most populous city in the state, and the 3rd most populous in Northwest Missouri. St. Joseph is located roughly 30 miles (48 km) north of the Kansas City, Missouri city limits and approximately 125 miles (201 km) south of Omaha, Nebraska.

The city was named after the town's founder Joseph Robidoux and the biblical Saint Joseph. In the nineteenth century, it was the death place of American outlaw Jesse James. It was also the starting point of the Pony Express serving the West. Today, St. Joseph is home to Missouri Western State University, which enrolls over 3,800 students.
Schenectady Electricians
The Schenectady Electricians were a minor league baseball team based in Schenectady, New York and Schenectady County, New York.  Schenectady teams played as members of the New York State League (1895, 1898–1904) and Eastern Association (1909), winning the 1903 New York State League championship. Schenectady hosted minor league home games at the County Fairgrounds through 1900 before moving home gamed to Island Park.

During their championship season in 1903, the entire Schenectady team was jailed overnight for violating local Blue laws after playing a home game on a Sunday.

The team nickname corresponds to Schenectady being the headquarters for the Edison Electric Company (today's General Electric) in the era.

In the era of segregated baseball, the Electricians were succeeded in organized baseball by the 1913 and 1914 Schenectady Mohawk Giants of the Negro Leagues and in minor league play by the 1947 Schenectady Blue Jays, who began play in the Can–Am League.

Schenectady Mohawk Giants
The Schenectady Mohawk Giants were a short-lived American Negro league baseball team in the Eastern Independent Clubs in 1913 and 1914 based in Schenectady, New York. They played their home games at Island Park in 1913 and at Mohawk Park in 1914.

In 1913, the club was managed by Phil Bradley, while Chappie Johnson managed the team in 1914, when the team was disbanded.
Selective laser melting
Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of many proprietary names for a metal additive manufacturing (AM) technology that uses a bed of powder with a source of heat to create metal parts.  Also known as direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), the ASTM standard term is powder bed fusion (PBF). PBF is a rapid prototyping, 3D printing, or additive manufacturing technique designed to use a high power-density laser to melt and fuse metallic powders together.

ASTM International
ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is a standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical international standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems and services. Some 12,575 apply globally. The headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about 5 mi (8.0 km) northwest of Philadelphia. It was founded in 1902 as the American Section of the International Association for Testing Materials.

In addition to its traditional standards work, ASTM operates several global initiatives advancing additive manufacturing, advanced manufacturing, and emerging technologies, including the Additive Manufacturing Center of Excellence (AM CoE), the acquisition of Wohlers Associates for market intelligence and advisory services, and the NIST-funded Standardization Center of Excellence (SCOE).
Gōnoyama Tōki
Gōnoyama Tōki (Japanese: 豪ノ山 登輝; born April 7, 1998 as Tōki Nishikawa (西川 登輝, Nishikawa Tōki)) is a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Neyagawa, Osaka. Wrestling for Takekuma stable, he made his professional debut in March 2021. He reached the second-highest jūryō division in July 2022, and has won one championship in both makushita and jūryō. He was promoted to the top makuuchi division in July 2023. His highest rank has been maegashira 2.

Dejima Takeharu
Dejima Takeharu (出島 武春, born March 21, 1974) is a former sumo wrestler from Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan. A former amateur champion, he made his professional debut in 1996, reaching the top makuuchi division the following year. In July 1999 he won the yūshō or tournament championship and earned promotion to the second highest rank of  ōzeki. He lost the rank in 2001 and, for the most part, remained a maegashira until his retirement in 2009. He won ten special prizes and six gold stars over his long career. He wrestled for Musashigawa stable. He is now an elder of the Japan Sumo Association under the name Ōnaruto Oyakata.
Moyasta
Moyasta (Irish: Maigh Sheasta, meaning 'plain of Asta') is a hamlet in County Clare, Ireland, situated between Kilkee and Kilrush on the N67. The hamlet is bordered by the Moyasta River, flowing from the bogs to Poulnasherry Bay.

Kilkee
Kilkee (Irish: Cill Chaoi) is a coastal town in County Clare, Ireland. It is located in the parish of Kilkee (formerly Kilfearagh). Kilkee is midway between Kilrush and Doonbeg on the N67 road and is a popular seaside resort. The horseshoe bay is protected from the Atlantic Ocean by the Duggerna Reef.
Fenpropathrin
Fenpropathrin, or fenopropathrin, is a widely used pyrethroid insecticide in agriculture and household. Fenpropathrin is an ingestion and contact synthetic pyrethroid. Its mode of action is similar to other natural (pyrethrum) and synthetic pyrethroids where in they interfere with the kinetics of voltage gated sodium channels causing paralysis and death of the pest. Fenpropathrin was the first of the light-stable synthetic pyrethroids to be synthesized in 1971, but it was not commercialized until 1980. Like other pyrethroids with an α-cyano group, fenpropathrin also belongs to the termed type II pyrethroids (e.g. cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and esfenvalerate). Type II pyrethroids are a more potent toxicant than type I in depolarizing insect nerves. Application rates of fenpropathrin in agriculture according to US environmental protection agency (EPA) varies by crop but is not to exceed 0.4 lb ai/acre.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
Liao Luyan
Liao Luyan (Chinese: 廖鲁言; 1913 – 19 November 1972) was a Chinese politician who served as Minister of Agriculture from 1954 to 1970. He was a delegate to the 1st and 2nd National People's Congress. He was a representative of the 7th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the 3rd and 4th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He was an alternate member of the 8th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
The minister of agriculture and rural affairs of the People's Republic of China is the head of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China and a member of the State Council. Within the State Council, the position is eighteenth in order of precedence. The minister is responsible for leading the ministry, presiding over its meetings, and signing important documents related to the ministry. Officially, the minister is nominated by the premier of the State Council, who is then approved by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee and appointed by the president.

The minister since June 2004 is Han Jun, who concurrently serves as the Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of the ministry.
Christina Gao
Christina Gao (born March 7, 1994) is an American former figure skater. She is the 2012 Skate America silver medalist, the 2009 Junior Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, and the 2009 U.S. Junior bronze medalist.

2009–10 ISU Junior Grand Prix
The 2009–10 ISU Junior Grand Prix was the 13th season of the ISU Junior Grand Prix, a series of international junior level competitions organized by the International Skating Union. It was the Junior-level complement to the 2009–10 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, which is for Senior-level skaters. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

Skaters earned points towards qualification at each of the seven Junior Grand Prix events. The top eight skaters/teams in the series from each discipline met at the Junior Grand Prix Final, which was held concurrently with the senior Grand Prix Final.
Filter (video)
A video filter is a software component that performs some operation on a multimedia stream. Multiple filters can be used in a chain, known as a filter graph, in which each filter receives input from its upstream filter, processes the input and outputs the processed video to its downstream filter.

With regard to video encoding three categories of filters can be distinguished:

prefilters: used before encoding

intrafilters: used while encoding (and are thus an integral part of a video codec)

postfilters: used after decoding

Video codec
A video codec is software or hardware that compresses and decompresses digital video. In the context of video compression, codec is a portmanteau of encoder and decoder, while a device that only compresses is typically called an encoder, and one that only decompresses is a decoder.

The compressed data format usually conforms to a standard video coding format. The compression is typically lossy, meaning that the compressed video lacks some information present in the original video. A consequence of this is that decompressed video has lower quality than the original, uncompressed video because there is insufficient information to accurately reconstruct the original video.

There are complex relationships between the video quality, the amount of data used to represent the video (determined by the bit rate), the complexity of the encoding and decoding algorithms, sensitivity to data losses and errors, ease of editing, random access, and end-to-end delay (latency).
Lori Chow
Lorretta "Lori" Chow (born 10 July 1988) is a Hong Kong-Canadian fashion model, actress and singer active in the Hong Kong entertainment industry. She was the second runner-up at the 2007 Miss Hong Kong Pageant and a former managed TVB artist. She released her debut single, "Discreet" (不失禮) in August 2013.

In 2015, she was picked to be a contestant on the third season of Asia's Next Top Model.

Miss Hong Kong Pageant
Miss Hong Kong Pageant (Chinese: 香港小姐競選), or Miss HK (港姐) for short, is an annual Hong Kong-based beauty pageant organised by local Hong Kong television station, TVB. The pageant was established in 1946, and acquired by TVB in 1973. It is one of the oldest pageants in the world. The reigning Miss Hong Kong is Stacey Chan, winner of the 2025 pageant.
Širine
Širine (Hungarian: Braidaföld, Serbian Cyrillic: Ширине) is a settlement in the region of Baranja, Croatia. Administratively, it is located in the Petlovac municipality within the Osijek-Baranja County. Population is 58 people.

Osijek-Baranja County
Osijek-Baranja County (pronounced [ôsijeːk bǎraɲa], Croatian: Osječko-baranjska županija, Hungarian: Eszék-Baranya megye) is a county in Croatia, located in northeastern Slavonia and Baranja which is defined part of the Pannonian Plain. Its center is Osijek. Other towns include Đakovo, Našice, Valpovo, Belišće, and Beli Manastir.
Corfiot Italians
Corfiot Italians are a population from the Greek island of Corfu (Kerkyra) with ethnic and linguistic ties to the Republic of Venice. Their name was specifically established by Niccolò Tommaseo during the Italian Risorgimento. During the first half of the 20th century, Mussolini (whose fascist regime promoted the ideals of Italian irredentism) successfully used the Corfiot Italians as a pretext to occupy Corfu twice.

Niccolò Tommaseo
Niccolò Tommaseo (Italian: [nikkoˈlɔ ttommaˈzɛːo]; 9 October 1802 – 1 May 1874) was a Dalmatian Italian linguist, journalist and essayist, the editor of a Dizionario della Lingua Italiana (A Dictionary of the Italian Language) in eight volumes (1861–74), of a dictionary of synonyms (1830) and other works. He is considered a precursor of the Italian irredentism.
Ron Widby
George Ronald Widby (March 9, 1945 – December 23, 2020) was an American professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and Green Bay Packers. He also was a member of the New Orleans Buccaneers of the American Basketball Association (ABA). He played college football and basketball for the Tennessee Volunteers, earning conference player of the year honors in basketball in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) in 1967.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Boxing at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Boxing is one of the sports contested at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, to be held in Birmingham, England at the National Exhibition Centre Hall 4. It is one of the founding sports, having featured in every edition of the Games since the inaugural 1930 edition; the boxing competition will take place within England for the third time.

The competition is scheduled to take place between 29 July and 7 August 2022, spread across sixteen events.

National Exhibition Centre
The National Exhibition Centre (NEC) is an exhibition centre located in Marston Green in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, near the city of Birmingham. It is near junction 6 of the M42 motorway, and is adjacent to Birmingham Airport and Birmingham International railway station. It was opened by  Queen Elizabeth II in 1976.
Parodos
A parodos (also parode and parodus; Ancient Greek: πάροδος, 'entrance', plural parodoi), in the theater of ancient Greece, is a side-entrance to the stage, or the first song that is sung by the chorus at the beginning of a Greek tragedy.

Greek chorus
A Greek chorus (Ancient Greek: χορός, romanized: chorós) in the context of ancient Greek tragedy, comedy, and satyr plays, is a homogeneous group of performers, who comment with a collective voice on the action of the scene they appear in, or provide necessary insight into action which has taken place offstage. Historically, the chorus consisted of between 12 and 50 players, who variously danced, sang or spoke their lines in unison, and sometimes wore masks. The players used masks to change their emotions while they were performing.
Solvay Indupa
Solvay Indupa is an Argentine petrochemical company formerly owned by Solvay. It was considering selling this business to Braskem, but the project was rejected by the Brazilian competition authority. Solvay Indupa is one of the largest petrochemical companies in Latin America. The company is headquartered in Buenos Aires and has a Brazilian office located in São Paulo.

Since December 2016, it is owned by Unipar Carbocloro.

Braskem
Braskem S.A is a Brazilian petrochemical company headquartered in São Paulo. The company is the largest petrochemical company in Latin America and has become a major player in the international petrochemical market (8th largest resin producer worldwide).
Antonios Vlontakis
Antonios "Antonis" Vlontakis (born 10 October 1975) is a retired Greek water polo player. A long-standing member of the Greece national water polo team, Vlontakis competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics (10th place), the 2004 Summer Olympics (4th place), and the 2008 Summer Olympics (7th place). He was part of the Greece men's national water polo team that won the Bronze Medal in the 2005 World Championship in Montreal and the Bronze Medal in the 2004 World League in Long Beach.

Vlontakis started his career at NO Chania and in 1997 he moved to Olympiacos where he had a successful career (1997–2002, 2009–2011), winning 1 LEN Champions League (2002), 5 Greek Championships (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2010), 4 Greek Cups (1998, 2001, 2002, 2010) and 2 Greek Supercups (1997, 1998). He was a key player of the Olympiacos team that won the 2002 Triple Crown (LEN Champions League, Greek Championship, Greek Cup).

Water polo at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships – Men's tournament
The 2005 Men's World Water Polo Championship was the eleventh edition of the men's water polo tournament at the World Aquatics Championships, organised by the world governing body in aquatics, the FINA. The tournament was held in a temporary pool on Île Sainte-Hélène from 18 to 30 July 2005, and was incorporated into the 2005 World Aquatics Championships in Montréal, Canada.
Dionisio Gil
Juan Dionisio "Noni" Gil de la Rosa  (December 5, 1852 in Concepción de la Vega, Dominican Republic – December 9, 1899 Cienfuegos, Cuba) was a brigadier general in the Cuban Army of Independence, and fought in the Cuban War of Independence.

Antonio Maceo
Lt. General José Antonio de la Caridad Maceo y Grajales (June 14, 1845 – December 7, 1896) was a Cuban general and second-in-command of the Cuban Army of Independence.

Fellow Cubans gave Maceo the nickname "The Bronze Titan" (Spanish: el Titán de Bronce), nickname that he earned after being wounded several times in battle. Spaniards referred to Maceo as the "Greater Lion" (el León Mayor). Maceo was one of the most noteworthy guerrilla leaders in 19th century Latin America, comparable to José Antonio Páez of Venezuela in military acumen.