hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Formic acid
Formic acid (from Latin  formica 'ant'), systematically named methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid. It has the chemical formula HCOOH and structure H−C(=O)−O−H. This acid is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in some ants. Esters, salts, and the anion derived from formic acid are called formates. Industrially, formic acid is produced from carbon monoxide.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Una–New Delhi Jan Shatabdi Express
The Daulatpur Chowk- New Delhi Jan Shatabdi Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - Northern Railway Division that runs between Daulatpur Chowk and New Delhi in India.

It operates as train number 12058 from Daulatpur Chowk to New Delhi via Chandigarh Junction and Train number 12057 in the reverse direction.

It serves the states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi. Initially it ran up to Chandigarh and being extended to Una Himachal in year 2008, then Amb Andaura and finally to Daulatpur Chowk. As of 2024, the train operates between New Delhi and Daulatpur Chowk.

Chandigarh Junction railway station
Chandigarh Junction railway station (station code: CDG), serves the union territory city of Chandigarh. The station is at an elevation of 330.77 metres (1,085.2 ft). It is 8 Kms from the City Centre of Chandigarh i.e. Sector 17.
Circuito Costanera (Buenos Aires)
The Circuito Costanera  (English: Costanera Circuit), was a Grand Prix circuit in Buenos Aires (Argentina). Two variants are known to have existed under Circuito "Avenida" Costanera and Costanera "Sur" which are listed by a few data sources as circuits used for the 1930, 1932 and 1936 Buenos Aires races.  Verifiable records can only confirm the Costanera Norte circuit layouts for the 1951 V Gran Premio General Perón (Feb. 18), V Gran Premio Eva Perón (Feb. 25), Gran Premio Eva Perón (Ciudad) Sport (March 18) and the 1957 1000 km de Buenos Aires.

The 1951 circuit used a 3.500 km (2.175 mi) long layout of the wide service roads at the Jorge Newbery Airport (built in 1947 as the "Aeroparque 17 de Octubre") and the connecting access loop at the south end of the air field. For the 1957 1000 km of Buenos Aires, the last race at Costanera Buenos Aires, the circuit layout was extended to a 10.219 km (6.350 mi) long configuration, utilizing the Parque Norte loop north of the airport complex.

1000 km Buenos Aires
The 1000 km Buenos Aires was an endurance sports car and stock car event held in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The race mostly run on the Autódromo Oscar Alfredo Gálvez, although it ran on the Costanera circuit in 1957. Besides a single race in Caracas, Venezuela, it was the only annual South American race in the history of the World Sportscar Championship.
Rat
Rats are various medium-sized, long-tailed rodents. Species of rats are found throughout the order Rodentia, but stereotypical rats are found in the genus Rattus. Other rat genera include Neotoma (pack rats), Bandicota (bandicoot rats) and Dipodomys (kangaroo rats).

Rats are typically distinguished from mice by their size. Usually the common name of a large muroid rodent will include the word "rat", while a smaller muroid's name will include "mouse". The common terms rat and mouse are not taxonomically specific. There are 56 known species of rats in the world.

Pack rat
A pack rat or packrat, also called a woodrat or trade rat, are any species in the North and Central American rodent genus Neotoma. Pack rats have a rat-like appearance, with long tails, large ears, and large, black eyes. Pack rats are noticeably larger than deer mice, harvest mice, and grasshopper mice, and are usually somewhat larger than cotton rats.
Hugh O'Brien
Hugh O'Brien (July 13, 1827 – August 1, 1895) served as the mayor of Boston from 1884 to 1888. O'Brien is notable as Boston's first Irish and Catholic mayor, having emigrated from Ireland to America in the early 1830s. O'Brien was the editor of the Shipping and Commercial List and served as a Boston alderman from 1875 to 1883. He was chairman of the Boston Board of Aldermen from 1879 through 1881 and again in 1883.

Boston City Council (1822–1909)
The Boston City Council was the bicameral legislative body of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, from 1822 until 1909. Its upper chamber was the Board of Aldermen, whose members were elected at-large, while the lower chamber was the much larger Common Council, whose members were elected from multi-member electoral districts (wards). Prior to 1822, the Boston Board of Selectmen governed the city. The bicameral council lasted until 1909, when it was replaced by the modern Boston City Council. Unlike the  bicameral 1822 council, the modern council that was established in 1909 is unicameral.
West Zone women's cricket team
The West Zone women's cricket team is a women's cricket team that represents Western India in the Women's Senior Inter Zonal One Day and Women's Senior Inter Zonal T20. It is a composite team of players from five teams from western India: Baroda, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Mumbai and Saurashtra. They were formed in 1974–75 to play in the Rani Jhansi Trophy, which they competed in until 2002–03, when the competition ended. They then competed in the Inter Zone Women's One Day Competition, and then in the Inter Zone Women's Three Day Competition, where they finished as runners-up in 2016–17.

2022–23 Senior Women's Inter Zonal One Day Trophy
The 2022–23 Senior Women's Inter Zonal One Day Trophy was the inaugural edition of the Senior Women's Inter Zonal One-Day Trophy, a domestic one day cricket competition in India. The tournament took  place from 12 to 21 February 2023, with six zonal teams taking part. The tournament followed the 2022–23 Women's Senior Inter Zonal T20 in being the first tournament involving women's zonal teams in India since the 2017–18 Senior Women's Cricket Inter Zonal Three Day Game. The tournament was won by North Zone, who beat Central Zone by 9 wickets in the final.
Jordan Brown (basketball)
Jordan Isaiah Brown (born December 4, 1999) is an American professional basketball player who recently played for Šiauliai of the Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL). He played college basketball for the Nevada Wolf Pack, Arizona Wildcats, and Louisiana Ragin’ Cajuns, and the Memphis Tigers.

Nevada Wolf Pack men's basketball
The Nevada Wolf Pack men's basketball program is a college basketball team that represents the University of Nevada, Reno. The team is currently a member of the Mountain West Conference, which is a Division I conference in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The program began in 1913 and has won 23 regular season conference championships and five conference tournament championships. Nevada won a CBI title in 2016 vs. Morehead State, two games to one.
Quasigroup
In mathematics, especially in abstract algebra, a quasigroup is an algebraic structure that resembles a group in the sense that "division" is always possible. Quasigroups differ from groups mainly in that the associative and identity element properties are optional. In fact, a nonempty associative quasigroup is a group.

A quasigroup that has an identity element is called a loop.

Empty set
In mathematics, the empty set or void set is the unique set having no elements; its size or cardinality (count of elements in a set) is zero. Some axiomatic set theories ensure that the empty set exists by including an axiom of empty set, while in other theories, its existence can be deduced. Many possible properties of sets are vacuously true for the empty set.

Any set other than the empty set is called non-empty.

In some textbooks and popularizations, the empty set is referred to as the "null set".  However, null set is a distinct notion within the context of measure theory, in which it describes a set of measure zero (which is not necessarily empty).
Disney Junior (Brazil)
Disney Junior was a Brazilian pay television channel operated by The Walt Disney Company Brazil, a part of The Walt Disney Company Latin America and the Brazilian variant of the eponymous American cable channel. Launched on 5 September 2008 and was marketed to preschoolers.

Disney XD (Brazil)
Disney XD was a Brazilian pay television channel owned by The Walt Disney Company and one of the channels of Disney Branded Television which operated across the country. It was based on the eponymous American cable channel.
Canada's Accredited Zoos and Aquariums
Canada's Accredited Zoos and Aquariums (CAZA; French: Aquariums et Zoos Accrédités du Canada (AZAC)) is an accreditation and advocacy organization representing zoos and aquariums within Canada. The organization states that its member zoos and aquariums care for more than 100,000 individual animals representing over 2000 species of wildlife, observed by an estimated 11 million visitors each year. The organization is a member of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums.

World Association of Zoos and Aquariums
The World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) is the "umbrella" organization for the world zoo and aquarium community. Its mission is to provide leadership and support for zoos, aquariums, and partner organizations of the world in animal care and welfare, conservation of biodiversity, environmental education and global sustainability.
Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018
Israel was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 with the song "Toy", written by Doron Medalie and Stav Beger, and performed by Netta. The Israeli participating broadcaster, the Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation (IPBC/Kan), organised the reality singing competition HaKokhav HaBa L'Eirovizion in collaboration with the commercial broadcaster Keshet and Tedy Productions to select its performer for the contest, while the song "Toy" was internally selected by a committee appointed by Kan. "Toy" went on to win the contest, marking Israel's fourth Eurovision win.

Rising Star (Israeli TV series)
HaKokhav HaBa (Hebrew: הכוכב הבא, lit. 'The Next Star') is an Israeli interactive reality singing competition, created by Keshet Media Group and broadcast on Channel 2 (from 2013 to 2017) and on Channel 12 (since 2017). It is the basis of the Rising Star franchise. The show is a continuation of Kokhav Nolad (Hebrew: כוכב נולד, lit. 'A Star Is Born') which featured aspiring singers competing for a winning title. The program's format combines the internet, smartphone and television and is filmed live. Between 2015 and 2020, and again since 2024, the show has been used to select Israel's representative for the Eurovision Song Contest.
Mia Löjdahl
Mia Löjdahl (born 20 May 1973) is a retired Swedish professional golfer. She won the 1994 European Lady Junior's Team Championship, topped the Swedish Golf Tour Order of Merit in 1995 as an amateur, and played on the Ladies European Tour six seasons 1997–2002.

Swedish Golf Tour (women)
The Swedish Golf Tour for women, since 2022 known as the Ahlsell Nordic Golf Tour for sponsorship reasons, is a professional golf tour for women held in Sweden and neighboring countries since 1986.

Before the establishment of the Ladies European Tour (LET) development tour, LET Access Series (LETAS) in 2010, the tour was the first official feeder tour for the LET. Starting in 2012 selected tournaments have been incorporated in the LETAS schedule, and since 2021, all scheduled tournaments.

The organization that runs the tour operate a corresponding men's Swedish Golf Tour, founded in 1984. The operating company, Svenska Golftourerna AB, was founded in 1988 jointly by the PGA of Sweden and the Swedish Golf Federation (SGF), to organize the two Swedish Golf Tours for men and women. Its first chairperson was Ola Öqvist. In 2018, the SGF became the sole owner and operator.
Andrew Fifita
Andrew Fifita  (born 28 June 1989) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a prop. He has played for Tonga and Australia at international level.

Fifita previously played for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks and Wests Tigers in the National Rugby League, and has played at representative level for the Indigenous All Stars, New South Wales City Origin and New South Wales in the State of Origin series.

Fifita is known for his tackle-breaks, strong fend and his step. He was a part of the Cronulla team that won their maiden premiership title in the 2016 season, scoring the equalising try that led to the game winning conversion from James Maloney.

New South Wales rugby league team
The New South Wales rugby league team has represented the Australian state of New South Wales in rugby league football since the sport's beginnings there in 1907. Also known as the Blues due to their sky blue jerseys, the team competes in the annual State of Origin series against Queensland. The team is currently coached by Laurie Daley and captained by Isaah Yeo, and is administered by the New South Wales Rugby League.

Prior to 1980 when the "state of origin" selection criteria was introduced, the New South Wales team, in addition to playing annually against Queensland, played matches against foreign touring sides and occasionally toured overseas themselves. Their home stadium is  Accor Stadium in Sydney, the largest stadium in the state, having been constructed for the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Maya Yukihi
Maya Yukihi (雪妃 真矢, Yukihi Maya; born January 9) is a Japanese professional wrestler, currently competing as a freelancer. She is a former two-time ICE×60 Championship, five-time International Ribbon Tag Team Champion and one-time Triangle Ribbon Champion, making her the promotion's fourth Triple Crown Champion.

Yukihi also wrestles for Oz Academy, where she is a two-time Oz Academy Openweight Champion and a former two-time Oz Academy Tag Team Champion.

Oz Academy Openweight Championship
The Oz Academy Openweight Championship is a women's professional wrestling championship owned by the Oz Academy promotion. The reigning champion is referred to as the "Wizard of Oz". The championship, which is situated at the top of Oz Academy's championship hierarchy, was introduced on March 10, 2007, when Aja Kong defeated Chikayo Nagashima in the finals of a tournament to become the inaugural champion.
Richard McElreath
Richard McElreath (born 18 April 1973) is an American professor of anthropology and a director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. He is an author of the Statistical Rethinking applied Bayesian statistics textbook, among the first to largely rely on the Stan statistical environment, and the accompanying rethinking R language package.

He earned his B.S. at Emory University in 1995 and a Ph.D. in anthropology under Robert Boyd at the University of California, Los Angeles in 2001 with field research in Tanzania.

Stan (software)
Stan is a probabilistic programming language for statistical inference written in C++. The Stan language is used to specify a (Bayesian) statistical model with an imperative program calculating the log probability density function.

Stan is licensed under the New BSD License. Stan is named in honour of Stanislaw Ulam, pioneer of the Monte Carlo method.

Stan was created by a development team consisting of 52 members that includes Andrew Gelman, Bob Carpenter, Daniel Lee, Ben Goodrich, and others.
Patrolman (film)
Patrolman is a 1988 Filipino action film directed by Cesar SB. Abella and starring stuntman Baldo Marro as the titular patrolman. It also stars Melissa Mendez, Sunshine, Raoul Aragonn, Dick Israel, Zandro Zamora, Arwin Rogelio, and Odette Khan. Based on a true story, the film is about a dedicated and honest policeman who becomes a target of the New People's Army's Sparrow Unit. The film was produced by El Niño Films and released on December 25, 1988, as part of the 14th Metro Manila Film Festival (MMFF).

Patrolman won three MMFF awards, for Best Picture, Best Actor (Marro), and Best Supporting Actor (Israel). Marro's win for Best Actor is considered an upset by many, as Christopher de Leon was more critically favored for his performance in Magkano ang Iyong Dangal?. Critic Lav Diaz gave a negative review for the film, criticizing its excessive moralizing and unclear reason as to why the enemies would target the titular character.

Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best Actor
The Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA). It was first awarded at the 1st Metro Manila Film Festival ceremony, held in 1975; Joseph Estrada received the award for his role in Diligan Mo ng Hamog ang Uhaw na Lupa and it is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. Currently, nominees and winners are determined by Executive Committees, headed by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority Chairman and key members of the film industry.
Davisville, Wentworth Falls
Davisville is a heritage-listed former YWCA women's home, residence and commune and now residence and bed and breakfast in the Blue Mountains at 63-67 Falls Road, Wentworth Falls, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1888 to 1920 by David Davis, Sydney builder. It is also known as Rennie House. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

YWCA
The Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) is a nonprofit organization with a focus on empowerment, leadership, and rights of women, young women, and girls in more than 100 countries.

The World office is currently based in Le Grand-Saconnex, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, and the nonprofit is headquartered in Washington, DC.

The YWCA is independent of the YMCA, but a few local and national YMCA and YWCA associations have merged into YM/YWCAs or YMCA-YWCAs and belong to both organizations, while providing the programs from each (e.g. Sweden did so in 1966).
Mehdi Carcela
Mehdi François Carcela-González (Arabic: المهدي كارسيلا; born 1 July 1989) is a former professional footballer who plays as a midfielder.

He began his career in his hometown club Standard Liège, playing 157 games and scoring 25 goals in two spells from 2008 to 2015. He won the league in 2009 and the cup two years later. In between his two stints, he played for Anzhi Makhachkala in Russia, joining for a fee of €5.7 million. In 2015, he signed with Benfica in Portugal, and a year later with Granada in Spain.

Carcela represented Belgium at all youth levels and played twice for its senior team before changing his allegiance to his ancestral Morocco in 2010. He represented the latter country at the 2012 and 2017 Africa Cup of Nations.

Belgian Cup
The Belgian Cup (French: Coupe de Belgique; Dutch: Beker van België; German: Belgischer Fußballpokal) is the main knockout football competition in Belgium, run by the Royal Belgian FA. The competition started in 1908 with provincial selections as the "Belgian Provinces Cup". Starting from 1912 only actual clubs were allowed to partake. As of 1964, the Belgian Cup has been organised annually. Since the 2015–16 edition, the Belgian Cup is called the Croky Cup, for sponsorship purposes. The final traditionally takes place at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.

The most successful cup club is Club Brugge with 12 Belgian Cups in their possession. The current champions are Club Brugge, having beaten rivals Anderlecht 2–1 in the 2025 final. The winners are awarded a challenge cup and qualify for the UEFA Europa League and the Belgian Supercup.
Death regulator Nedd2-like caspase
Death regulator Nedd2-like caspase (Nc, Nedd2-like caspase or Dronc) was firstly identified and characterised in Drosophila in 1999 as a cysteine protease containing an amino-terminal caspase recruitment domain. At first, it was thought of as an effector caspase involved in apoptosis, but subsequent findings have proved that it is, in fact, an initiator caspase with a crucial role in said type of programmed cell death.

Cysteine protease
Cysteine proteases, also known as thiol proteases, are hydrolase enzymes that degrade proteins. These proteases share a common catalytic mechanism that involves a nucleophilic cysteine thiol in a catalytic triad or dyad.

Discovered by Gopal Chunder Roy in 1873, the first cysteine protease to be isolated and characterized was papain, obtained from Carica papaya. Cysteine proteases are commonly encountered in fruits including the papaya, pineapple, fig, and kiwifruit. The proportion of protease tends to be higher when the fruit is unripe. In fact, the latex of dozens of different plant families are known to contain cysteine proteases. Cysteine proteases are used as an ingredient in meat tenderizers.
3 Hong Kong
3 Hong Kong (also known as 3HK or Three HK; Chinese: 3香港; Jyutping: saam1 hoeng1 gong2) is a telecommunications and internet service provider operating in Hong Kong by Hutchison Telecommunications Hong Kong Holdings, a subsidiary of CK Hutchison, operating under the global Three brand. 3 Hong Kong is the first Three-branded company, leading to the development of other operations in different locations.

The company was founded in 1984 but was officially named as 3 Hong Kong in 2002. It currently provides 5G,  4.5G, 4G LTE, 3G, GSM dual-band mobile telecommunications and Wi-Fi services through its own network infrastructure. 3HK also provides gaming and home entertainment services.

LTE (telecommunication)
In telecommunications, long-term evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless broadband communication for cellular mobile devices and data terminals. It is considered to be a "transitional" 4G technology, and is therefore also referred to as 3.95G as a step above 3G.

LTE is based on the 2G GSM/EDGE and 3G UMTS/HSPA standards. It improves on those standards' capacity and speed by using a different radio interface and core network improvements. LTE is the upgrade path for carriers with both GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA2000 networks. LTE has been succeeded by LTE Advanced, which is officially defined as a "true" 4G technology and also named "LTE+".
Alison Leatherbarrow
Alison Leatherbarrow is a former England women's international footballer. She represented the England women's national football team at senior international level and spent most of her career at Fodens Ladies F.C. and St Helens, where she won the Women's FA Cup with both clubs.

Women's FA Cup
The Women's FA Challenge Cup is the top annual cup tournament for women's clubs in English football. Founded in 1970, it has been named the WFA Cup, FA Women's Cup, and now Women's FA Cup (currently known as the Adobe Women's FA Cup for sponsorship reasons).

Designed as an equivalent to the FA Cup in men's football, the competition began in 1970–71 as the Mitre Challenge Trophy, organised by the Women's Football Association (WFA). There were 71 entrants, including teams from Scotland and Wales.

The WFA ran the competition for the first 23 editions, during which time Southampton won the cup eight times. The Football Association (FA) began administering English women's football in mid-1993.

Arsenal holds the record for most titles overall, having won fourteen times. The current cup holders are Chelsea, who defeated Manchester United 3–0 in the 2025 final to win their sixth FA Cup title.