hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Harold King
James Harold King (October 17, 1871 – May 10, 1949) was a medical doctor and politician in Ontario, Canada. He represented Wellington South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1934 to 1943 as a Liberal.

The son of James King and Agnes Munn, both natives of Scotland, he was born in Hastings County and was educated in Chatham, in London, at Trinity University and at the University of Western Ontario. In 1909, he married Mary Nicoll. He served as medical officer of health for Guelph and Puslinch townships.

King was first elected to the Ontario assembly in a 1934 by-election held following the death of Duncan Paul Munro. He was reelected in 1937.

Duncan Paul Munro
Duncan Paul Munro (September 25, 1896 – July 1, 1934) was a lawyer and political figure in Ontario. He represented Wellington South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1931 to 1934 as a Liberal.

He was born in Manitoba, the son of a minister in the Disciples of Christ Church, and came to Hamilton with his family. Munro moved to Guelph just before World War I. He served with the 29th Battery during the war. After the war, Munro studied at Osgoode Hall and joined a law firm in Guelph. He was elected to the assembly in a 1931 by-election held following the death of Lincoln Goldie. Munro died in office as the result of an automobile accident in the Waterdown area, while travelling from Hamilton to Toronto. He was 37.
Morchella dunalii
Morchella dunalii is a species of fungus in the family Morchellaceae (Ascomycota). A widespread species in the Mediterranean basin, M. dunalii is so far known from the Balearic islands, the islands of Corsica and Cyprus, France, Spain and Turkey, where it appears to be abundant. It fruits very early in the season on calcareous soil, usually in association with the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis), Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia) and holm oak (Quercus ilex).

Calcareous
Calcareous (/kælˈkɛəriəs/) is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is  used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.
Jaylen Key
Jaylen Key (born February 29, 2000) is an American professional football safety. He played college football for the UAB Blazers and the Alabama Crimson Tide. He was selected by the New York Jets with the final pick of the 2024 NFL draft, making him that year's Mr. Irrelevant.

UAB Blazers football
The UAB Blazers football team represents the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) in the sport of American football. The Blazers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and American Athletic Conference (The American). The team is led by interim head coach Alex Mortensen, after previous head coach Trent Dilfer’s firing on 12 October 2025. Home games were previously held at Legion Field in Birmingham from the 1991 season to the 2020 season.  A new stadium, Protective Stadium, has been the home of the Blazers starting from the 2021 season.  The new stadium's capacity is over 47,000.

The UAB football program was terminated after the 2014 season but was reinstated shortly thereafter. The team went on hiatus for two seasons before returning in 2017. UAB won both its first conference championship and bowl game in program history in 2018.
Membrane analogy
The elastic membrane analogy, also known as the soap-film analogy, was first published by pioneering aerodynamicist Ludwig Prandtl in 1903.


It describes the stress distribution on a long bar in torsion.  The cross section of the bar is constant along its length, and need not be circular. The differential equation that governs the stress distribution on the bar in torsion is of the same form as the equation governing the shape of a membrane under differential pressure.  Therefore, in order to discover the stress distribution on the bar, all one has to do is cut the shape of the cross section out of a piece of wood, cover it with a soap film, and apply a differential pressure across it.  Then the slope of the soap film at any area of the cross section is directly proportional to the stress in the bar at the same point on its cross section.

Ludwig Prandtl
Ludwig Prandtl (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪç ˈpʁantl̩]; 4 February 1875 – 15 August 1953) was a German fluid dynamicist, physicist and aerospace scientist. He was a pioneer in the development of rigorous systematic mathematical analyses which he used for underlying the science of aerodynamics, which have come to form the basis of the applied science of aeronautical engineering. In the 1920s, he developed the mathematical basis for the fundamental principles of subsonic aerodynamics in particular; and in general up to and including transonic velocities. His studies identified the boundary layer, thin-airfoils, and lifting-line theories. The Prandtl number was named after him.
Say "Si Si"
"Para Vigo me voy", known in English as "Say Si Si", is a popular song written in 1935 by Cuban composer Ernesto Lecuona with lyrics by Francia Luban (original Spanish version) and Al Stillman (translated English version). Early bands to record the song include Xavier Cugat's orchestra (1935) and Lecuona Cuban Boys (1937). The song was copyrighted in the United States in 1940. It became a hit in the US when it was recorded by The Andrews Sisters and Glenn Miller in 1940, and The Mills Brothers in 1953.

The Mills Brothers
The Mills Brothers, sometimes billed The Four Mills Brothers and originally known as Four Boys and a Guitar, were an American vocal jazz and traditional pop vocal quartet who made more than 2,000 recordings that sold more than 50 million copies and garnered at least three dozen gold records.

The Mills Brothers were the first black artists to have their own show on national network radio (on CBS in 1930); they made appearances in film; and were the first to have a No. 1 hit on the Billboard singles chart, with "Paper Doll" in 1943. They were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1998.
Abu Hajal Muslim ibn Awsaja
Abū Ḥajal Muslim ibn ʿAwsaja al-Asadī (Arabic: أَبُو حَجَل مُسْلِم ٱبْن عَوْسَجَة ٱلْأَسَدِيّ) was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He assisted Muslim ibn Aqil in Kufa. Then he joined Husayn ibn Ali army with his family. He was killed in battle of Karbala.

Kufa
Kufa (Arabic: الْكُوفَة "al-Kūfah"), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about 170 kilometres (110 mi) south of Baghdad, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000.

Along with Najaf, Karbala, Mashhad, Samarra, Kadhimiya and Qom, Kufa is one of the holiest cities in Shia Islam. The city was founded in 638 CE (17 Hijrah) during the reign of the second Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and it was the final capital of the last Rashidun Caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Kufa was also the founding capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Islamic Golden Age it was home to the grammarians of Kufa. Kufic script is named for the city.

The Palestinian keffiyeh, also known as kufiya and worn by Arab men, originated from Kufa, and is worn today to convey diverse political sentiments. Due to heightened global consumer demand, most keffiyehs are now manufactured in China.
Snehasikta Swarnakar
Snehasikta Swarnakar (born 1963) is an Indian chemical biologist and the senior principal scientist at the Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder of the Indian Institute of Chemical Biology. Known for her studies in the field of gastric, ovarian, head and neck cancers, Swarnakar is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India and the West Bengal Academy of Science and Technology. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2007.

Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB) is a biomedical research centre in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Established in 1935 as Indian Institute of Experimental Medicine (IIEM), it was inducted under the aegis of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) in 1956 and renamed to its present form in 1982. It has 6 R&D divisions:- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Cell Biology & Physiology, Chemistry, Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Molecular & Human Genetics, and Structural Biology & Bioinformatics.
Root-knot nematode
Root-knot nematodes are plant-parasitic nematodes from the genus Meloidogyne. They exist in soil in areas with hot climates or short winters. About 2000 species of plants worldwide are susceptible to infection by root-knot nematodes and they cause approximately 5% of global crop loss. Root-knot nematode larvae infect plant roots, causing the development of root-knot galls that drain the plant's photosynthate and nutrients. Infection of young plants may be lethal, while infection of mature plants causes decreased yield.

Meloidogyne incognita
Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode, RKN), also known as the southern root-nematode or cotton root-knot nematode is a plant-parasitic roundworm in the family Heteroderidae. This nematode is one of the four most common species worldwide and has numerous hosts. It typically incites large, usually irregular galls on roots as a result of parasitism.

M. incognita can move along shallower temperature gradients (0.001 °C/cm) than any other known organism, an example of thermotaxis. The response is complicated and thought to allow the nematodes to move toward an appropriate level in soil, while they search for chemical cues that can guide them to specific roots.
Dr. Hezekiah Oden House
The Dr. Hezekiah Oden House is a building and property in Franklin, Tennessee, United States, dating from c. 1850 that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1988.  It has also been known as Walnut Winds.  It includes Greek Revival, Central passage plan and other architecture.  The NRHP listing included one contributing building, one contributing site and two non-contributing buildings on an area of 1 acre (0.40 ha).

It was one of about thirty antebellum "significant brick and frame residences" built in Williamson County that have survived and that were centers of slave plantations.  It is one of several of these located "on the rich farmland surrounding Franklin";  others were Glen Echo, the Franklin Hardeman House and the Samuel Glass House, the Thomas Brown House, the Stokely Davis House, the Beverly Toon House and the Samuel S. Marten House.

Samuel F. Glass House
The Samuel F. Glass House is a property in Franklin, Tennessee that dates from 1859.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.  It has also been known as Pleasant View.

It was the manor house of one of the three largest plantations in Williamson County, prior to the American Civil War, having more than 1,000 acres (400 ha) in area and having many slaves.  Other contenders for the largest antebellum plantation are the plantations of Beechwood Hall (the H. G. W. Mayberry House) and of Ravenswood (the James H. Wilson House), which are also NRHP-listed.

It includes Greek Revival, Italianate, Central hall plan and other architecture.

The NRHP eligibility of the property was addressed in a 1988 study of Williamson County historical resources.

The house was part of a larger farm, Pleasant View Farm which also contains an archeological site, a Mississippian culture village site.
Ishūretsuzō
Ishūretsuzō (夷酋列像), also known as or A Series of Paintings of Ainu Chieftains: 5  or Portraits of Ezo Chieftains,: 9  is a series of twelve painted portraits, dating to 1790, of Ainu elders in the aftermath of the Menashi–Kunashir rebellion. They are by the Japanese artist and Matsumae Domain retainer Kakizaki Hakyō (1764–1826). Eleven of the twelve paintings survive, in the collection of the Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie de Besançon. A number of preparatory drawings and copies are to be found in collections in Japan. The clothing worn and other accoutrements depicted help cast light on late eighteenth-century connections between the indigenous inhabitants of Ezochi, the Wajin, China, and Russia. The portrait of Ininkari from the series also represents the earliest known documentation of brown bears (Ursus arctos) with white pelage, the so-called "Ininkari bears" that are to be found on Kunashir (Kunashiri) and Iturup (Etorofu) in the disputed Southern Kurils.

Kakizaki Hakyo
Kakizaki Hakyō (蠣崎 波響, June 25, 1764 – July 26, 1826) was a Japanese samurai artist from the Matsumae clan. His first success was a group of 12 portraits called the Ishu Retsuzo. The portraits were of 12 Ainu chiefs from the northern area of Ezo, now Hokkaido.
Fiducial inference
Fiducial inference is one of a number of different types of statistical inference. These are rules, intended for general application, by which conclusions can be drawn from samples of data. In modern statistical practice, attempts to work with fiducial inference have fallen out of fashion in favour of frequentist inference, Bayesian inference and decision theory. However, fiducial inference is important in the history of statistics since its development led to the parallel development of concepts and tools in theoretical statistics that are widely used. Some current research in statistical methodology is either explicitly linked to fiducial inference or is closely connected to it.

Bayesian inference
Bayesian inference (/ˈbeɪziən/ BAY-zee-ən or /ˈbeɪʒən/ BAY-zhən) is a method of statistical inference in which Bayes' theorem is used to calculate a probability of a hypothesis, given prior evidence, and update it as more information becomes available. Fundamentally, Bayesian inference uses a prior distribution to estimate posterior probabilities. Bayesian inference is an important technique in statistics, and especially in mathematical statistics. Bayesian updating is particularly important in the dynamic analysis of a sequence of data. Bayesian inference has found application in a wide range of activities, including science, engineering, philosophy, medicine, sport, and law. In the philosophy of decision theory, Bayesian inference is closely related to subjective probability, often called "Bayesian probability".
Attitude Dancing
"Attitude Dancing" is a song written by Carly Simon and Jacob Brackman, performed by Simon and produced by Richard Perry. The song served as lead single from Simon's fifth studio album, Playing Possum (1975).

The single became a top 40 hit, peaking at No. 21 on the Billboard Pop singles chart and No. 18 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. The single also charted in Australia, peaking at No. 70 on the ARIA Charts, and was a top 40 hit in Canada, peaking at No. 21. It was included as the final track on The Best of Carly Simon, released later in the same year. Simon later included the track on her two-disc career retrospective set Anthology, released in 2002. Carole King provided backing vocals on the track. Simon was the pianist on the track.

Richard Perry
Richard Van Perry (June 18, 1942 – December 24, 2024) was an American record producer. He began his musical career as a performer while attending Poly Prep, his high school in Brooklyn. After graduating from college he rose through the late 1960s and early 1970s to become a successful and popular record producer. He had more than twelve Gold records to his credit by 1982, four of which went Platinum.

From 1978 to 1983 he ran his own record label, Planet Records, which scored a string of hits with the main act on its roster, pop and R&B group the Pointer Sisters. After Planet's sale to RCA Records, Perry continued his work in the music industry as an independent producer. With hit records stretching from the 1960s through the 2000s, his successful modern releases included albums by Rod Stewart and Carly Simon. In 1972 he produced Simon's hit single "You're So Vain".
Louise of Stolberg-Wernigerode
Countess Louise of Stolberg-Wernigerode (24 November 1771 at Wernigerode Castle – 8 June, 1856 in Groß Krauschen) was abbess of Drübeck Abbey.

Louise was a member of the House of Stolberg, from the Harz area.  She was the second eldest daughter of Count Christian Frederick of Stolberg-Wernigerode and his wife Auguste Eleonore of Stolberg-Stolberg.  She was an older sister of Henry of Stolberg-Wernigerode.

From 1797 to 1800, she was abbess of Drübeck Abbey.  On 21 December,1807, she left the abbey to marry Moritz Haubold von Schönberg.  She moved to his estate in Groß Krauschen, which is now in Poland and renamed Gmina Bolesławiec, where she died in 1856.

Drübeck Abbey
Drübeck Abbey (German: Kloster Drübeck) is a former Benedictine monastery for nuns in Drübeck on the northern edge of the Harz in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. Today it is a conference venue for the Evangelical Church of the Church Province of Saxony with an educational-theological institute and pastoral centre.
XChange (film)
XChange (also spelled: Xchange and X Change) is a 2000 Canadian science fiction thriller film directed by Allan Moyle and starring Stephen Baldwin, Kyle MacLachlan, Kim Coates, Pascale Bussières, and Janet Kidder.

Pascale Bussières
Pascale Bussières (born June 27, 1968) is a French Canadian actress. Her credits include Sonatine (1984), Eldorado (1995), When Night Is Falling (1995), August 32nd on Earth (Un 32 août sur terre) (1998), Bittersweet Memories (Ma vie en cinémascope) (2004),  Afterwards (2008), The Demons (Les Démons) (2015), Death of a Ladies' Man (2020), Bootlegger (2021), and Frontiers (Frontières) (2023).
Joseph-François-Édouard de Corsembleu
Joseph-François-Édouard de Corsembleu Sieur de Desmahis (1 March 1723, Sully-sur-Loire, Orléanais – 25 February 1761, Paris) was an 18th-century French playwright.

Desmahis was initially known under the auspices of Voltaire by fugitive plays, including:

Le Voyage de Saint-Germain ;

L’Heureux amant qui sait te plaire.

1750: L’Impertinent, ou le Billet perdu two-act comedy.

He contributed the articles FAT and  FEMME to the Encyclopédie by Diderot and D’Alembert.

His Œuvres were collected in 2 vol. in-12 (1778).

Jean Le Rond d'Alembert
Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (/ˌdæləmˈbɛər/ DAL-əm-BAIR; French: [ʒɑ̃ lə ʁɔ̃ dalɑ̃bɛʁ]; 16 November 1717 – 29 October 1783) was a French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher, and music theorist. Until 1759 he was, together with Denis Diderot, a co-editor of the Encyclopédie. D'Alembert's formula for obtaining solutions to the wave equation is named after him. The wave equation is sometimes referred to as d'Alembert's equation, and the fundamental theorem of algebra is named after d'Alembert in French.
Do Premee
Do Premee (transl. The two lovers) is a 1980 Indian Hindi-language romance film produced by Kundan A. Thadani. Directed by Raj Khosla, the film stars Rishi Kapoor and Moushumi Chatterjee in lead roles, along with Om Prakash, I. S. Johar, Deven Verma; music has been composed by Laxmikant–Pyarelal.

I. S. Johar
Indra Sen Johar (16 February 1920 – 10 March 1984) was an Indian actor, writer, producer and director, who excelled in comedic roles and is best known to international audiences for portraying Gasim in the epic film classic Lawrence of Arabia.
The Little Czar
The Little Czar (German: Der Zarewitsch) is a 1954 French-German historical drama film directed by Arthur Maria Rabenalt and starring Luis Mariano, Sonja Ziemann and Iván Petrovich. It is based on the operetta Der Zarewitsch by Franz Lehár. It was shot in Eastmancolor.

The film was shot at Berlin's Spandau Studios and on location in Belgrade and Dubrovnik, then in Yugoslavia. The sets were designed by the art director Fritz Moegle.

Sonja Ziemann
Sonja Alice Selma Toni Ziemann (German: [ˈzɔnja ˈtsiːman] ⓘ; 8 February 1926 – 17 February 2020) was a German film and television actress. In the 1950s, she was among Germany's most prominent actresses, awarded the 1950 Bambi for appearing, together with Rudolf Prack, in Schwarzwaldmädel. From the 1960s, she turned to more serious acting in international films such as The Secret Ways. She played in several anti-war films such as Strafbataillon 999. She also appeared on stage and in television.
Annelies Wilder-Smith
Annelies Wilder-Smith (born 1961) is a professor of emerging infectious diseases at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and Visiting Professor of infectious diseases research at the Lee Kong Chian School of medicine. She is a world-renowned expert in travel and Tropical medicine. She is the past president of the International Society of Travel Medicine (ISTM), and the past president of the Asia Pacific Society of Travel Medicine and she was also the former chair of the Regional ISTM Conference in Singapore.

Wilder-Smith's research interests are COVID-19, SARS, influenza, travel health, vaccine-preventable and emerging infectious diseases, such as  Zika, dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, influenza and meningococcal disease.

International Society of Travel Medicine
The International Society of Travel Medicine (ISTM) is an international society of physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and other medical professionals based in Dunwoody, United States to promote travel health initiatives. Founded as an organization in 1991, ISTM has built a global network that is committed to the advancement of travel medicine - currently the largest organization of this type.
The ISTM fosters research, facilitates the rapid exchange of information, and provides educational programming to serve the travel medicine community. Promoting the development and evaluation of safe, effective, preventive and curative interventions for patients prior to travel, during travel and post travel is an important aspect of supporting the travel medicine community.
Theodore Fairhurst
Theodore Fairhurst (born April 18, 1947) is a Canadian entrepreneur, high-altitude mountaineer, author and public speaker. On December 9, 2018, at the age of 71 years and 231 days, Fairhurst became the oldest person in the world, 1st North American, and 9th person in history to have scaled all the Seven Summits and Volcanic Seven Summits.

Seven Summits
The Seven Summits are the highest mountains on each of the seven traditional continents. On 30 April 1985, Richard Bass became the first climber to reach the summit of all seven.

In January 2023, Climbing said "Today, the Seven Summits are a relatively common—almost cliché—tour of each continent's highest peak", and while reaching the peak of the "Seven Summits" is no longer considered a significant achievement amongst mountaineers, it remains a popular challenge for "adventure mountaineers" using expedition climbing techniques.
Paul O. Williams
Paul O. Williams (January 17, 1935 – June 2, 2009) was an American science fiction writer and haiku poet. Williams won multiple awards including the John W. Campbell Award and the Museum of Haiku Literature Award; and was professor emeritus of English at Principia College in Elsah, Illinois and president of the Haiku Society of America.

Principia College
Principia College is a private liberal arts college in Elsah, Illinois. It was founded in 1912 by Mary Kimball Morgan with the purpose of "serving the Cause of Christian Science." Morgan wrote in her book Education at the Principia that, "Although the College is not affiliated with the Christian Science Church, the practice of Christian Science is the cornerstone of campus life." Principia no longer requires its students or their parents to be students of Christian Science or Christian Science Church members. Presently, its student body represents 26 countries and a variety of faith backgrounds.

Principia sits on bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River between Alton and Grafton in the Metro East region of Southern Illinois, thirty miles north of St. Louis. A portion of the school's 2,500-acre (1,000 ha) campus is a designated National Historic Landmark District, for its many buildings and design by architect Bernard Maybeck.