hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Horace M. Singer
Horace Meach Singer (October 1, 1823 – December 28, 1896) was an American businessman and politician from New York. Coming with his father to Lockport, Illinois work on the Illinois & Michigan Canal, Singer rose to become superintendent of repairs. In the course of his work, he came across a large quarry near Lemont, Illinois and established a company to mine it. Singer & Talcott was in operation until 1889. In 1866, Singer served a term in the Illinois House of Representatives, then was elected to the Cook County Board of Commissioners in the 1870s.

Illinois and Michigan Canal
The Illinois and Michigan Canal connected the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River. In Illinois, it ran 96 miles (154 km) from the Chicago River in Bridgeport, Chicago to the Illinois River at LaSalle-Peru. The canal crossed the Chicago Portage, and helped establish Chicago as the transportation hub of the United States, before the railroad era. It was opened in 1848.  Its function was partially replaced by the wider and deeper Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal in 1900, and it ceased transportation operations with the completion of the Illinois Waterway in 1933.

Illinois and Michigan Canal Locks and Towpath, a collection of eight engineering structures and segments of the canal between Lockport and LaSalle-Peru, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1964.

Portions of the canal have been filled in.  Much of the former canal, near the Heritage Corridor transit line, has been preserved as part of the Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor.
Susan Sills
Susan Sills is an American artist involved in the international art scene since the early 1990s. Although she has created abstract ink drawings and painted commissioned portraits, Sills is best known for her life-size painted wood cutouts based on the Old Masters. Sills has produced over 100 different wood cutouts, and finds innovative ways to bring these well-known icons of art into the present day. Her work is found in collections in Japan, New York City, and throughout the United States. Sills has had 20 solo exhibitions and participated in numerous group shows. Sills is based in Brooklyn, New York.

Old Master
In art history, "Old Master" (or "old master") refers to any painter of skill who worked in Europe before about 1800, or a painting by such an artist. An "old master print" is an original print (for example an engraving, woodcut, or etching) made by an artist in the same period. The term "old master drawing" is used in the same way.

In theory, "Old Master" applies only to artists who were fully trained, were Masters of their local artists' guild, and worked independently, but in practice, paintings produced by pupils or workshops are often included in the scope of the term. Therefore, beyond a certain level of competence, date rather than quality is the criterion for using the term.
Cytochrome P450 engineering
This article covers protein engineering of cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzymes. P450s are involved in a range of biochemical catabolic and anabolic process. Natural P450s can perform several different types of chemical reactions including hydroxylations, N,O,S-dealkylations, epoxidations, sulfoxidations, aryl-aryl couplings, ring contractions and expansions, oxidative cyclizations, alcohol/aldehyde oxidations, desaturations, nitrogen oxidations, decarboxylations, nitrations, as well as oxidative and reductive dehalogenations. Engineering efforts often strive for 1) improved stability 2) improved activity 3) improved substrate scope 4) enabled ability to catalyze unnatural reactions.
P450 engineering is an emerging field in the areas of chemical biology and synthetic organic chemistry (chemoenzymatic).

Epoxide
In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom ring: two atoms of carbon and one atom of oxygen.  This triangular structure has substantial ring strain, making epoxides highly reactive, more so than other ethers.  They are produced on a large scale for many applications.  In general, low molecular weight epoxides are colourless and nonpolar, and often volatile.
Maximiliano Cantera
Marcos Maximiliano Cantera Mora (born 10 May 1993) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Danubio. He has made over 250 appearances in the Uruguayan Primera División for Cerro Largo, Liverpool Montevideo, Fénix, Deportivo Maldonado, Nacional and Danubio.

He won the Uruguayan Segunda División in 2015 for Liverpool and the Supercopa Uruguaya with Nacional in 2021. Abroad, he played in the Venezuelan Primera División for Deportivo Táchira in 2018 and the Colombian Categoría Primera A for Atlético Nacional in 2023.

2021 Supercopa Uruguaya
The 2021 Supercopa Uruguaya was the fourth edition of the Supercopa Uruguaya, Uruguay's football super cup. It was held on 2 May 2021 between the 2020 Primera División champions Nacional and the 2020 Torneo Intermedio runners-up Montevideo Wanderers, who qualified for the Supercopa since Nacional also won the Torneo Intermedio in the 2020 season.

Nacional won the match by a 2–0 score to claim their second Supercopa Uruguaya title in four appearances.
Phạm Hồng Thúy Vân
Phạm Hồng Thúy Vân (born 6 October, 1993) is a Vietnamese beauty pageant titleholder, model, singer and Businessperson. She is the first Vietnamese representative to win the 3rd Runner-up title at Miss International 2015. She also won the title 1st Runner-up at Miss Aodai Vietnam 2014 and 2nd Runner-up at Miss Universe Vietnam 2019. She was also the MC of Asia's Got Talent 2015 and also played the role of host of Shark Tank Vietnam and The X Factor Vietnam.

Miss World Vietnam
Miss World Vietnam (Vietnamese: Hoa hậu Thế giới Việt Nam) is a national beauty pageant held to select a representative of Vietnam to participate in the Miss World pageant, one of the four largest beauty pageants in the world. Besides, Vietnam also has Mr World Vietnam contest.

Vietnam first participated in Miss World 2002 and also successfully bid to host Miss World 2010 but later withdrew. The current titleholder is Huỳnh Trần Ý Nhi from Bình Định, who was crowned on July 22, 2023.

Miss Vietnam, Miss Cosmo Vietnam and Miss World Vietnam are the three biggest beauty pageants, given the surplus of beauty pageants in Vietnam.
Orenburzhye
Orenburzhie is a commercial airline headquartered in Orenburg, Russia, on the ground of Orenburg Airport. It serves as regular and charter passenger airline out of Orenburg and Izhevsk Airport. It is currently banned from flying in the EU.

Izhevsk
Izhevsk or Ijevsk (Russian: Иже́вск, IPA: [ɪˈʐɛfsk] ⓘ; Udmurt: Ижкар, romanized: Ižkar, or Иж, Iž) is the capital city of Udmurtia, Russia. It is situated along the Izh River, west of the Ural Mountains in Eastern Europe. It is the 21st-largest city in Russia, and the most populous in Udmurtia, with over 600,000 inhabitants.

From 1984 to 1987, the city was called Ustinov (Russian: Усти́нов), named after Soviet Minister of Defence Dmitry Ustinov. The city is a major hub of industry, commerce, politics, culture and education in the Volga Region. It is known for its defense, engineering and metallurgy industries. Izhevsk has the titles of the Armory Capital of Russia and the City of Labor Glory.
Telomerase RNA component
Telomerase RNA component (TERC), also abbreviated TER or TR, is a non-coding RNA found in eukaryotes that is a component of the telomerase enzyme, which extends telomeres at the ends of linear chromosomes. TERC folds into a complex secondary structure which binds to and interacts with TERT, the protein component of telomerase, and serves as the RNA template for the reverse transcription reaction catalyzed by TERT. Telomerase RNAs differ greatly in length, sequence and structure between vertebrates, ciliates and yeasts, but they share a 5' pseudoknot structure close to the template sequence; vertebrate telomerase RNAs also share a 3' H/ACA snoRNA-like domain.

Small nucleolar RNA
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules in the nucleolus that primarily guide chemical modifications of other RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with methylation, and the H/ACA box snoRNAs, which are associated with pseudouridylation.
SnoRNAs are commonly referred to as guide RNAs but should not be confused with the guide RNAs that direct RNA editing in trypanosomes or the guide RNAs (gRNAs) used by Cas9 for CRISPR gene editing.
Benton Seymour Rabinovitch
(Benton) Seymour Rabinovitch (19 February 1919 – 2 August 2014) was a professor of chemistry at the University of Washington in Seattle, whose research including developing measurements for the efficiency with which energy is transferred between molecules in gas phase chemical reactions.
Rabinovitch was an editor of the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry and of the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

After formally retiring, Rabinovitch became a silversmith, studying the chemistry of silver and collecting and writing about silver. In 2000, Rabinovitch became an Honorary Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths in London. His collection of silver slicers and servers became part of the Victoria and Albert Museum's permanent collection in 2005.

Gas-phase ion chemistry
Gas phase ion chemistry is a field of science encompassed within both chemistry and physics. It is the science that studies ions and molecules in the gas phase, most often enabled by some form of mass spectrometry. By far the most important applications for this science is in studying the thermodynamics and kinetics of reactions. For example, one application is in studying the thermodynamics of the solvation of ions. Ions with small solvation spheres of 1, 2, 3... solvent molecules can be studied in the gas phase and then extrapolated to bulk solution.
Eugene German
Eugene Anthony German (born December 2, 1997) is an American professional basketball player for Beijing Ducks of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). He played college basketball for the Northern Illinois Huskies and left as the program's all-time leading scorer and a conference champion.

Northern Illinois Huskies men's basketball
The Northern Illinois Huskies men's basketball team represents Northern Illinois University (NIU) in DeKalb, Illinois. The school's team currently competes in the Mid-American Conference (MAC). The team last played in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament in 1996.
Music to Crash Your Car To: Vol. 1
Music to Crash Your Car To: Vol. 1 is the first box set by the American glam metal band Mötley Crüe. Released on November 11, 2003, it contains the band's first four albums in their reissued format (i.e. including the bonus tracks): Too Fast for Love, Shout at the Devil, Theatre of Pain and Girls, Girls, Girls. As an added bonus, the box set features the original mix of Too Fast for Love as released on Leathür Records, as well as an illustrated inlay. Music to Crash Your Car To: Vol. 2 was also released in 2004, containing songs from the group's later years.

The album's title is taken from the lyrics of the song "Crash" by Tommy Lee's band Methods of Mayhem, but music critics such as Adrien Begrand of PopMatters found it to be in poor taste, considering the legal troubles of Vince Neil with regard to his 1984 drunk driving and vehicular manslaughter charge.

Vince Neil
Vincent Neil Wharton (born February 8, 1961) is an American musician. He is the lead vocalist of heavy metal band Mötley Crüe, which he fronted from their 1981 formation until his departure in 1992. Neil reunited with the band in 1996 and continued with them until the band's 2015 retirement, and again from the band's 2018 reunion onwards. Outside of Mötley Crüe, Neil has also released three studio albums as a solo artist – the most recent of which, Tattoos & Tequila, was released in 2010. Neil's visual aesthetic and distinctive singing voice are considered synonymous with the American glam metal movement of the 1980s.
Menemerus utilis
Menemerus utilis  is a species of jumping spider in the genus Menemerus that lives in Tunisia. The species was first identified in 1999 by Wanda Wesołowska, one of over 500 descriptions she produced during her lifetime. The spider is mainly a diurnal hunter. It is small, with a brown carapace that is between 2.9 and 3.3 mm (0.11 and 0.13 in) long and a yellowish abdomen is between 4.8 and 6.5 mm (0.19 and 0.26 in) long. The female has a distinctive epigyne that lacks the pocket common in other species. Instead, it has a large and deep central depression. The copulatory openings are also unusual and the short insemination ducts and position of the spermathecae at the edge of the rear of the epigyne are also characteristic of the species. The male has not been described.

Menemerus
Menemerus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1868. They are 4 to 10 millimetres (0.16 to 0.39 in) long, flattened in shape, and very hairy, usually with brown and grayish hairs. Most species have white edges on the thorax. The abdomen is often oval, or sometimes elongated or rounded.
Henry Barrowe
Henry Barrow (or Barrowe) (c. 1550 – 6 April 1593) was an English Separatist Puritan, or Brownist, who was executed for his views. He led the London underground church from 1587 to 1593; spent most of that time in prison; and wrote numerous works of Brownist apologetics, most notably A Brief Discoverie of the False Church.

Definitions of Puritanism
Historians have produced and worked with a number of definitions of Puritanism, in an unresolved debate on the nature of the Puritan movement of the 16th and 17th century. There are some historians who are prepared to reject the term for historical use. John Spurr argues that changes in the terms of membership of the Church of England, in 1604–6, 1626, 1662, and also 1689, led to re-definitions of the word "Puritan". Basil Hall, citing Richard Baxter considers that "Puritan" dropped out of contemporary usage in 1642, with the outbreak of the First English Civil War, being replaced by more accurate religious terminology. Current literature on Puritanism supports two general points: Puritans were identifiable in terms of their general culture, by contemporaries, which changed over time; and they were not identified by theological views alone.
2015–16 Saudi Second Division
The 2015–16 Saudi Second Division was the 20th season of the Saudi Second Division since its establishment in 1996.

The season featured 13 teams from the 2014–15 campaign, three new teams relegated from the 2014–15 First Division League: Al-Safa, Abha and Hetten, and four new teams promoted from the 2014–15 Saudi Third Division: Al Jabalain as champion and group A winner, Al-Qaisumah as runner-up and group B winner, Al-Washm as group B runner-up and Al-Qala as group A runner-up. The league began on 8 October 2015 and ended on 27 February 2016.

Al-Qaisumah won the league title after beating Al-Adalh 2–1 on aggregate in the final, both teams promoted to the 2016–17 Saudi First Division, also Wej promoted after defeating Al-Badaya 1–0 on aggregate in the third place play-off. While Al-Oyoon, Al-Akhdoud, Al-Tuhami and Al-Qala were relegated.

2014–15 Saudi First Division
2014–15 Saudi First Division was the 38th season of Saudi First Division since its establishment in 1976. The season started on 15 August 2014 and concluded on 20 April 2015.

Both Al-Qadisiyah and Al-Wehda were promoted on the final day of the season. Al-Qadisiyah were crowned champions after a 2–0 away win against Al-Hazm while Al-Wehda were promoted following a 1–0 away win against Al-Batin. Al-Safa, Abha and Hetten were relegated to 2015–16 Saudi Second Division.
Davit Kereselidze
Davit Kereselidze (Georgian: დავით კერესელიძე; born 19 August 1999) is a Georgian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Erovnuli Liga club Dila and the Georgia national team.

Kutaladze is the winner of all three domestic competitions. Individually, he was named Goalkeeper of the Year in 2024.

Erovnuli Liga awards
Тhe Erovnuli Liga awards is an annual awards ceremony commemorating association football players, managers and referees involved in the top Georgian football league.

Established after the introduction of the Erovnuli Liga in 2017, the event is usually held at the end of each season by the Georgian Football Federation in Tbilisi, Georgia. Based on surveys among the national team members, football managers, team captains, sport experts and retired players, most outstanding individuals are selected in certain nominations. The vote in general covers not only the first-tier football, but also Georgian footballers playing abroad, the Futsal and Women's leagues.

The winners listed below have been awarded for their contribution specifically to the national league. Although both announced at the same event, the Erovnuli Liga Player of the Year is not to be confused with Georgian Footballer of the Year.
Western Michigan University SkyBroncos Precision Flight Team
Western Michigan University's SkyBroncos Precision Flight Team is the official university-sanctioned flying team of Western Michigan University

Founded in 1946, the SkyBroncos compete in the NIFA (National Intercollegiate Flying Association) professional organization series of competitions as a forum of competing and learning for aviation students from colleges all around the United States. As of 2016, the SkyBroncos have won the NIFA National Championship award five times, and qualified for competition at the national level for twenty straight years. As of 2016, the SkyBroncos operate two Cessna 150 aircraft. These aircraft are used to compete in various NIFA flying events, including the Short-field Landing Event as well as the Power Off Landing Event. Some of the core competitive ground events are: Aircraft Recognition and Identification, E6B Manual Flight Computer Accuracy and S.C.A.N (Simulated Comprehensive Aircraft Navigation).

E6B
The E6-B flight computer is a form of circular slide rule used in aviation. It is an instance of an analog calculating device still being used in the 21st century.

They are mostly used in flight training, because these flight computers have been replaced with electronic planning tools or software and websites that make these calculations for the pilots. These flight computers are used during flight planning (on the ground before takeoff) to aid in calculating fuel burn, wind correction, time en route, and other items. In the air, the flight computer can be used to calculate ground speed, estimated fuel burn and updated estimated time of arrival. The back is designed for wind vector solutions, i.e., determining how much the wind is affecting one's speed and course. They are frequently referred to by the nickname "whiz wheel".
KICL
KICL (96.3 FM) is an American radio station licensed to Pleasantville, Iowa, United States. The station serves the Des Moines area. A sale of KICP and sister station KICL to Iowa State University was completed in early November 2011. Both stations went silent upon completion of the sale, but returned to the air on November 21, 2011, airing Iowa Public Radio's Classical Network.

The station has obtained a construction permit from the FCC for a power increase to 6,000 watts.

On August 5, 2011, Connoisseur announced the sale of both KZHZ (now KICP) and KZHC (now KICL) to Iowa Public Radio, which announced plans to convert the two stations into non-commercial outlets. The sale closed on October 31, 2011. The stations are planned to broadcast a 24-hour-a-day classical music format.

On November 1, 2011, KZHC changed its call sign to KICL.

Iowa Public Radio
Iowa Public Radio (IPR) is a public radio network in the U.S. state of Iowa that combines the operations of most National Public Radio member stations in the state. Its three program streams air programming from NPR, Public Radio Exchange and American Public Media,  along with local content (notably music) on weekends and evenings.

The network is headquartered on Grand Avenue in Des Moines, with studios inside the Communications Building on the Iowa State University campus on WOI Road in Ames, inside the Clinton Street Building on the University of Iowa campus on South Clinton Street in Iowa City and inside the Communication Arts Center on the University of Northern Iowa campus on West 27th Street in Cedar Falls.
Vadym Kopylov
Vadym Anatoliiovych Kopylov (Ukrainian: Вадим Анатолійович Копилов) is a Ukrainian statesman.

He has served as deputy chairman of State Tax Service of Ukraine, deputy minister of Coal Industry, Finance, first deputy minister of Fuel and Energy, Finance, Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine. Chairman of the Board of Naftogaz Ukraine in 2000–2002 years.

Ministry of Finance (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Finance of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Міністерство фінансів України) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government charged with developing and implementing national financial and budget policies, and with defining national policies in customs and taxation. The ministry is responsible for ensuring that the state has enough resources to perform its functions and that financial policies promote economic growth.
Bree-Anna Browne
Bree-Anna Browne (née Cheatham; born 29 March 1997) is an Australian rugby union player. She plays for Australia at an international level, and for the Queensland Reds in the Super Rugby Women's competition. She has competed for Australia at the 2021 and 2025 Women's Rugby World Cups.

Australia women's national rugby union team
The Australia women's national rugby union team, commonly called the Wallaroos, represent Australia in women's rugby union. They compete annually in the Pacific Four Series, the Laurie O'Reilly Cup against New Zealand, and have competed at Women's Rugby World Cups since 1998.

Australian women have been playing rugby since the late 1930s, in regional areas of New South Wales. In 1992 the first National Women's Tournament was held in Newcastle, NSW. The following year the Australian Women's Rugby Union was established, and it was declared that the national women's team would be called the Wallaroos. It was chosen because it was the name of one of Australia's oldest clubs, the Wallaroo Football Club, which was formed in 1870.
Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum
Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum (Uzbek: Chashmai Ayyub, lit. 'Job's Well') is located near the Samani Mausoleum, in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Its name means Job's well, due to the legend in which Job (Ayub) visited this place and made a well by striking the ground with his staff. The water of this well is still pure and is considered healing. The current building was constructed during the reign of Timur and features a Khwarazm-style conical dome uncommon in Bukhara.

Khwarazm
42°18′N 59°9′E﻿ / ﻿42.300°N 59.150°E﻿ / 42.300; 59.150

Khwarazm or Chorasmia is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum Desert, on the south by the Karakum Desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau. It was the center of the Iranian Khwarezmian civilization until the 9th century, when Turkic tribes moved into and ruled the lands. A series of kingdoms such as the Afrighid dynasty and the Anushtegin dynasty, whose capitals were (among others) Kath, Gurganj (now Konye-Urgench) and—from the 16th century on—Khiva. Today Khwarazm belongs partly to Uzbekistan and partly to Turkmenistan.