hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum
Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum (Polish: Kronika polsko-śląska, Polish-Silesian Chronicle) or simply Chronicon Polonorum is a medieval Polish chronicle based on Wincenty Kadłubek's Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae and the anonymous poem Carmen Mauri, with additional information on the history of Silesia. The date of its creation is uncertain and estimated at late 13th century, circa 1280 or at the turn of the century. The unknown author might have been a Cistercian monk from the Lubiąż Abbey.

The work was likely ordered by Henry IV of Silesia.

Its text edited as Chronicon Polonorum/Kronika Polska by Ludwik Ćwikliński was published 1878 in Monumenta Poloniae Historica, vol. 3.

Ludwik Ćwikliński
Ludwik Ćwikliński (17 July 1853 – 3 October 1942) was a Polish classical philologist, professor and rector of Lviv University (1893-1894), editor of "Eos" magazine (1894-1901). Between 1899 and 1902 he was a member of the Austrian parliament, and he was the Austrian Minister of Education between 1917 and 1918.
Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids (book)
Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids is the debut book by British author Jamie Rix and was the first book in the children's cautionary horror book series Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids. It was published on 17 May 1990 by André Deutsch Limited and contains 15 short cautionary tales. These stories featured a monster maths teacher, animal nannies, a barber that specialised in making rude children behave themselves, a giant that cannot stop growing, a magical hat, a magic book, magic scissors, and a sweet shop full of mannequins.

It won the 1990 Nestle Smarties Book Prize for Fiction, Age 9–11.

Ghostly Tales for Ghastly Kids
Ghostly Tales for Ghastly Kids is a 1992 children's fantasy horror book of cautionary tales written by British author Jamie Rix and is the second book in the Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids series. It was published by André Deutsch and contains 15 short stories.
Minimum-weight triangulation
In computational geometry and computer science, the minimum-weight triangulation problem is the problem of finding a triangulation of minimal total edge length. That is, an input polygon or the convex hull of an input point set must be subdivided into triangles that meet edge-to-edge and vertex-to-vertex, in such a way as to minimize the sum of the perimeters of the triangles. The problem is NP-hard for point set inputs, but may be approximated to any desired degree of accuracy. For polygon inputs, it may be solved exactly in polynomial time. The minimum weight triangulation has also sometimes been called the optimal triangulation.

NP-hardness
In computational complexity theory, a computational problem H is called NP-hard if, for  every problem L which can be solved in non-deterministic polynomial-time, there is a polynomial-time reduction from L to H. That is, assuming a solution for H takes 1 unit time, H's solution can be used to solve L in polynomial time. As a consequence, finding a polynomial time algorithm to solve a single NP-hard problem would give polynomial time algorithms for all the problems in the complexity class NP. As it is suspected, but unproven, that P≠NP, it is unlikely that any polynomial-time algorithms for NP-hard problems exist.

A simple example of an NP-hard problem is the subset sum problem.

Informally, if H is NP-hard, then it is at least as difficult to solve as the problems in NP. However, the opposite direction is not true: some problems are undecidable, and therefore even more difficult to solve than all problems in NP, but they are provably not NP-hard (unless P=NP).
Nipah virus outbreaks in Kerala
There have been several outbreaks of Nipah virus in Kerala, some of which have been traced to fruit bats. The NIV Pune confirmed the first case of Nipah virus in Kerala in May 2018. A total of 21 Nipah virus infected individuals died between 2018 and 2024.

National Institute of Virology
The National Institute of Virology in Pune, India is an Indian virology research institute and part of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). It was previously known as 'Virus Research Centre' and was founded in collaboration with the Rockefeller Foundation. It has been designated as a WHO H5 reference laboratory for SE Asia region.

The Virus Research Centre (VRC), Pune came into existence in 1952 under the joint auspices of the ICMR and the Rockefeller Foundation, as a part of the global programme of investigations on the arthropod-borne group of viruses. In view of its expanded scope and activities, the VRC was re-designated as the National Institute of Virology (NIV) in 1978.

The NIV is identified today as the WHO Collaborating Centres for arboviruses reference and hemorrhagic fever reference and research. NIV is also the National Monitoring Centre for Influenza, Japanese encephalitis, Rota, Measles, Hepatitis and Coronavirus.
Bangladesh–Uzbekistan relations
Bangladesh–Uzbekistan relations are the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Uzbekistan. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Uzbekistan’s emergence as an independent nation, both countries began to foster ties in a number of sectors, including trade, education, and regional cooperation. Both countries are members of the Non-Aligned Movement and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Arabic: منظمة التعاون الإسلامي, romanised: Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; French: Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1969. It consists of 57 member states, 48 of which are Muslim-majority. The organisation claims to be "the collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony".

OIC has permanent delegations to the United Nations and the European Union. Its official languages are Arabic, English, and French. It operates affiliated, specialised, and subsidiary organs within the framework of OIC Charter.

Member states had a collective population of over 1.8 billion as of 2015, accounting for just under a quarter of the world's population. The collective area is 31.66 m km2.
Tsikha, Ardanuç
Tsikha (Georgian: ციხა) is an ancient settlement in the historical region of Klarjeti. Today, it is located in the Ardanuç District of Artvin Province in Turkey. Formerly an independent village, Tsikha is now a neighbourhood of the village of Kızılcık.

Klarjeti
Klarjeti (Georgian: კლარჯეთი [kʼlaɾd͡ʒetʰi]) was a province of ancient and medieval Georgia, which is now part of Turkey's Artvin Province. Klarjeti, the neighboring province of Tao and several other smaller districts, constituted a larger region with shared history and culture conventionally known as Tao-Klarjeti.
2023 Heartland Championship
The 2023 Heartland Championship, was the 17th edition of the Heartland Championship, a rugby union competition involving the twelve amateur provincial unions in New Zealand.

The tournament began with a round-robin stage in which the twelve teams played eight games each, from which the top four advanced to the Meads Cup semifinals, while fifth to eighth advanced to the Lochore Cup semifinals. In both of these knockout stages the top seeds (first and fifth) played at home against the lowest seeds (fourth and eighth), the second highest seeds (second and sixth) played at home against the third highest seeds (third and seventh) and the final featured the higher seed playing at home against the lower seed.

Lochore Cup
The Lochore Cup is a New Zealand rugby union trophy named after famed Wairarapa Bush and All Blacks player and coach Brian Lochore. It is contested during the Heartland Championship. It was first awarded in 2006, when the Heartland Championship format was introduced.
Alpha Aquarii
Alpha Aquarii is a yellow supergiant star in the constellation of Aquarius. Its identifier is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from α Aquarii, and is abbreviated Alf Aqr or α Aqr, respectively. This star has the official name Sadalmelik, pronounced /ˌsædəlˈmɛlɪk/. At an apparent visual magnitude of 2.94, it is the second-brightest star in Aquarius, just marginally fainter than Beta Aquarii. Based upon parallax measurements made by the Gaia spacecraft, it is located at a distance of roughly 690 light-years (210 parsecs). It is drifting further away from the Sun with a radial velocity of 7.5 km/s.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Fränzi Aufdenblatten
Franziska Christine "Fränzi" Aufdenblatten (born 10 February 1981) is a retired Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer.

Born in Zermatt, Valais, Aufdenblatten made her World Cup debut in March 2000 in a giant slalom at Sestriere. She scored four podium finishes on the World Cup: one win in a super-G in Val-d'Isère in December 2009, and three third places in downhill at Haus im Ennstal (2004), Bad Kleinkirchheim (2006), and Lenzerheide (2014). Aufdenblatten competed in three Winter Olympics (2002, 2006 and 2014) and her best finish was a sixth place in the 2014 super-G at Rosa Khutor.

After the 2014 Games, Aufdenblatten announced that she would be retiring from competition at the end of the season in order to start a new career in sports management. After announcing her retirement, she scored a fourth and final World Cup podium finish with a third place in the downhill at the 2014 World Cup Finals at Lenzerheide in her native Switzerland.

2013–14 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The 48th World Cup season began on 26 October 2013, in Sölden, Austria, and concluded on 16 March 2014 at the World Cup finals in Lenzerheide, Switzerland. The defending overall champions from the 2013 season were Marcel Hirscher of Austria and Tina Maze of Slovenia. The overall titles were won by Hirscher and Anna Fenninger, also of Austria. The season was interrupted by the 2014 Winter Olympics that took place from 7 to 23 February in Sochi, Russia, with the alpine events at Rosa Khutor.
1883 Rochester tornado
On August 21, 1883, a violent and devastating tornado affected southeastern portions of the U.S. state of Minnesota. The massive tornado, retrospectively estimated to have been an F5 on the modern Fujita scale, caused at least 37 deaths and over 200 injuries. The tornado was part of a tornado family, a series of tornadoes produced by a supercell, that included at least two significant tornadoes across Southeast Minnesota on August 21. A third significant tornado occurred two hours before the main event hit Rochester. The Rochester tornado indirectly led to the formation of Saint Mary's Hospital, now part of the Mayo Clinic. The tornado closely followed destructive tornadoes a month earlier in the same area: on July 21, two significant, deadly tornadoes hit the area, including an F4 tornado family that killed four people in Dodge and Olmsted Counties, especially near Dodge Center.

Mayo Clinic Hospital (Rochester)
The Mayo Clinic Hospital – Rochester is a 2,059-bed teaching hospital located in Rochester, Minnesota. It comprises the Saint Marys Campus with its Mayo Eugenio Litta Children's Hospital, as well as its Methodist Campus, forming an integral part of the Mayo Clinic academic medical center. Mayo Clinic Hospital – Rochester is ranked first on the 2019–20 U.S. News & World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll. It is also one of the world's largest healthcare-related research centre, with over 12,000 active clinical trials at any given moment in nearly every sector of healthcare.
Stericated 24-cell honeycomb
In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the stericated 24-cell honeycomb (or stericated 16-cell honeycomb) is a uniform space-filling honeycomb. It can be seen as a sterication of the regular 24-cell honeycomb, containing 24-cell, 16-cell, octahedral prism, tetrahedral prism, and 3-3 duoprism cells.

5-cell honeycomb
In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the 4-simplex honeycomb, 5-cell honeycomb or pentachoric-dispentachoric honeycomb is a space-filling tessellation honeycomb. It is composed of 5-cells and rectified 5-cells facets in a ratio of 1:1.
K. N. Seneviratne
Kirthi Nissanka Seneviratne (22 November 1929 – 10 August 1986) was a Sri Lankan academic and physician. He was a Professor of Physiology and founding director of Sri Lanka's Postgraduate Institute of Medicine.

He was educated at the Royal College, Colombo, where he won the Arunachchalam Prize, and graduated with a MBBS with honours in 1954 from the University of Ceylon, Colombo and went on to gain his PhD from the University of Edinburgh. His brother, Nihal, was a former Secretary General of Parliament.

Joining the academic staff of the University of Ceylon's Medical Faculty in 1957 as a demonstrator, he went on to become a Professor of Physiology. In 1974 he established the Institute of Postgraduate Medicine, which later became the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine. He was also a reservist Captain in the Sri Lanka Army.

University of Ceylon
The University of Ceylon was the only university in Sri Lanka (earlier Ceylon) from 1942 until 1972. It had several constituent campuses at various locations around Sri Lanka. The University of Ceylon Act No. 1 of 1972, replaced it with the University of Sri Lanka which existed from 1973 to 1978. In 1978 it was separated into four independent universities. These are the University of Colombo, the University of Peradeniya, University of Kelaniya (Vidyalankara University) and the University of Sri Jayawardanapura (Vidyodaya University).
Chadva Rakhal
23°09′08″N 69°28′36″E﻿ / ﻿23.1522°N 69.4766°E﻿ / 23.1522; 69.4766

Chadva Rakhal is protected forest reserve owned by erstwhile rulers of Kutch State (Cutch State) near Samatra village, about 25 km from Bhuj, Kutch district, Gujarat, India.

Cutch State
Cutch State, also spelled Kutch or Kachchh and also historically known as the Kingdom of Kutch, was a kingdom in the Kutch region from 1147 to 1819 and a princely state under British rule from 1819 to 1947. Its territories covered the present day Kutch region of Gujarat north of the Gulf of Kutch. Bordered by Sindh in the north, Cutch State was one of the few princely states with a coastline.

The state had an area of 7,616 square miles (19,725 km2) and a population estimated at 488,022 in 1901. During the British Raj, the state was part of the Cutch Agency and later the Western India States Agency within the Bombay Presidency.
The rulers maintained an army of 354 cavalry, 1,412 infantry and 164 guns.
WBC Spartak Saint Petersburg
WBC Spartak Saint-Petersburg is a Russian professional women's basketball club from Saint Petersburg, competing in the Russian Women's Basketball Premier League. In 2011 the team was 8th (3rd to last).  The club is founded in 1935. In the first half of the 1970s the club won the first four editions of the Ronchetti Cup and the 1974 Soviet Championship.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union team changed its name several times. In 2004 he won the European Cup with the name Baltic star. The Yubileyny Sports Palace serves as Spartak's home ground.

Ronchetti Cup
The Ronchetti Cup (called till 1996 European Cup Liliana Ronchetti and European Cup Winners' Cup till 1974) was an annual women's basketball European club competition held by FIBA between 1972 and 2002. It was the second competition in European basketball, after the European Cup For Women's Champions Clubs (later renamed EuroLeague Women).

It was replaced in 2002 by the EuroCup Women which is the absolute equivalent.
North Dakota Highway 91 (Pembina County)
North Dakota Highway 91 (ND 91) is a 1.262-mile-long (2.031 km) north–south state highway in the U.S. state of North Dakota. ND 91's southern terminus is at U.S. Route 81 (US 81) south of St. Thomas, and the northern terminus is at US 81 north of St. Thomas.

U.S. Route 81 in North Dakota
U.S. Route 81 (US 81) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from Fort Worth, Texas, to the Pembina–Emerson Border Crossing near Pembina. In the state of North Dakota, US 81 extends from the South Dakota border north to the Canada-United States border.
King Stag
King Stag (Russian: Король-олень, romanized: Korol-olen) is a feature film directed by Pavel Arsenov based on the musical play of the same name by Carlo Gozzi, and shot at the Gorky Film Studio in 1969. In the film, songs are played to the music of Mikael Tariverdiev performed by Alla Pugacheva, Yury Yakovlev, Sergei Yursky, Oleg Yefremov, Oleg Tabakov. It was a classic of children's cinema in the Soviet Union.

Sergei Yursky
Sergei Yurievich Yursky (Russian: Серге́й Ю́рьевич Ю́рский, 16 March 1935 – 8 February 2019) was a Soviet and Russian stage and film actor, theatre director and screenwriter. His best known film role is Ostap Bender in The Golden Calf (1968)
Thousand-Buddha Cliff (Guangyuan)
Guangyuan Thousand-Buddha Cliff is located 4km north of the Guangyuan city, on the eastern bank of the Jialing River.

The carving of Buddha statues on the cliff began during the late Northern Wei period and continued through subsequent dynasties, with the majority of the carvings made during the Tang Dynasty. No new carvings were added after the Qing Dynasty. The carvings are distributed along the eastern bank of the Jialing River, spanning 417 meters from north to south, reaching a height of more than 40 meters. As of today, 848 niches remain, containing over 7,000 statues.

Guangyuan
Guangyuan (simplified Chinese: 广元; traditional Chinese: 廣元; pinyin: Guǎngyuán; Wade–Giles: Kuang-yüan) is a prefecture-level city in Sichuan Province, China, bordering the provinces of Shaanxi to the northeast and Gansu to the northwest. Guangyuan City is located on the northern edge of the Sichuan Basin, on the upper reaches of the Jialing River, and is the junction of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. The city has a population of 2,305,657 as of the 2020 census. By the end of 2024, the registered population of the city will be 2,893,700. Among them, the urban population is 814,800 and the rural population is 2.078,800, accounting for 28.2% and 71.8% of the total population respectively.

Located roughly between the provincial capitals Chengdu, Lanzhou, Xi'an and Chongqing municipality, it is considered the northern gateway to Sichuan. It is an ancient city, notable for its relics and tombs.
Shikand-gumanig Vizar
Shikand-gumanig Vizar (also called Shikand-gumanik Vichar and abbreviated as SGV) is a Zoroastrian theology book of 9th century Iran, written by Mardan-Farrukh. Part apologetics, part polemic, the book was composed when Zoroastrians endured a perilous status as a harassed and declining minority. Its author discusses several neighboring religions, hence it contains nascent elements of an academic discipline: comparative religion. This article includes a description and analysis of the text, and also briefly addresses its context and relevance, with respect to other religions and to the continuing traditions of Zoroastrianism.

Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia or Arab conquest of Iran occurred between 633 and 651, when the Rashidun Caliphate conquered the Sasanian Empire as part of the early Muslim conquests, which began under Muhammad in 622.
Trawsfynydd Lake Halt railway station
Trawsfynydd Lake Halt was a solely passenger railway station near the northeastern tip of Llyn Trawsfynydd, Gwynedd, Wales. Many Nineteenth and early Twentieth Century institutions in Wales were given anglicised names, this station being one. Over the years, and especially since the Second World War, most have been rendered into Welsh or given both Welsh and English names. Trawsfynydd Lake Halt closed before this happened.

Llyn Trawsfynydd
Llyn Trawsfynydd is a large artificial reservoir situated near the village of Trawsfynydd in Gwynedd, North Wales. With a total surface area of 4.8 km2 (1,200 acres) the reservoir is slightly more extensive than Wales's largest natural lake, Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake) at 4.5 km2 (1,100 acres).
António Lobo Antunes
António Lobo Antunes GCSE (European Portuguese: [ɐ̃ˈtɔni.u ˈloβu ɐ̃ˈtunɨʃ, ɐ̃ˈtɔnju -]; born 1 September 1942) is a Portuguese novelist and retired medical doctor. He has been named as a contender for the Nobel Prize in Literature. He has been awarded the 2000 Austrian State Prize, the 2003 Ovid Prize, the 2005 Jerusalem Prize, the 2007 Camões Prize, and the 2008 Juan Rulfo Prize.

Austrian State Prize for European Literature
The Austrian State Prize for European Literature (German: Österreichischer Staatspreis für Europäische Literatur), also known in Austria as the European Literary Award (Europäischer Literaturpreis), is an Austrian literary prize awarded by the Federal Chancellery for Arts, Culture, and Media to European writers. Established in 1965, the prize is endowed with a purse of 25,000 € (As of 2022). The prize was not awarded in 1969. It is awarded on the Salzburg Festival.
Laini Freier
Laini Freier (German: [ˈfʁaɪ̯ɐ] FRY-er; born 24 July 2001) is an Australian retired professional soccer player who most notably played as a winger for A-League Women club Brisbane Roar and represented the Australia women's national team (the Matildas).

She is the twin sister of VfL Wolfsburg and Matildas player Sharn Freier. The two played at Brisbane Roar together in the 2024–25 A-League Women season.

Laini retired, aged 24, from both international and club soccer at the end of 2025. She indicated that she would be focusing on her family life and work career.

Australia women's national soccer team
The Australia women's national soccer team is overseen by the governing body for soccer in Australia, Football Australia, which is currently a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) since leaving the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) in 2006. The team's official nickname is "the Matildas" (from the Australian folk song "Waltzing Matilda"; officially known as the CommBank Matildas for sponsorship reasons); they were known as the "Female Socceroos" before 1995.

Australia is a three-time OFC champion, one-time AFC champion and one-time AFF champion. The team has represented Australia at the FIFA Women's World Cup on eight occasions (once as co-host in 2023) and at the Olympic Games on five, although it has won neither tournament. Their performance in the 2023 World Cup attracted significant nationwide attention and has had an impact on the perception of women's sport in Australia.
Amy Sanderson
Amy Sanderson née Reid (1876–1931), was a Scottish suffragette, national executive committee member of the Women's Freedom League, who was imprisoned twice. She was key speaker at the 1912 Hyde Park women's rally, after marching from Edinburgh to London, and, with Charlotte Despard and Teresa Billington-Greig, was a British delegate to the 1908 and 1923 international women's congresses.

Charlotte Despard
Charlotte Despard (née French; 15 June 1844 – 10 November 1939) was an Anglo-Irish suffragist, socialist, pacifist, Sinn Féin activist, and novelist. She was a founding member of the Women's Freedom League, the Women's Peace Crusade, and the Irish Women's Franchise League, and an activist in a wide range of political organizations over the course of her life, including among others the Women's Social and Political Union, Humanitarian League, Labour Party, Cumann na mBan, and the Communist Party of Great Britain.

Despard was imprisoned four times for her suffragette activism, and she continued campaigning for women's rights, poverty relief and world peace into her 90s.