hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orbital Test Satellite
The Orbital Test Satellite (OTS) programme was an experimental satellite system inherited by the European Space Agency (ESA) in 1975 from its predecessor, the European Space Research Organisation (ESRO). OTS was the first three-axis-stabilised Ku-band satellite, and its design has inspired the conception of almost 30 other satellites in Europe. Its successors, the Maritime European Communications Satellite (MARECS) and European Communications Satellite (ECS) series of satellites, consolidated Europe's position in communications satellite technology and manufacturing.

Spacecraft attitude determination and control
Spacecraft attitude control is the process of controlling the orientation of a spacecraft (vehicle or satellite) with respect to an inertial frame of reference or another entity such as the celestial sphere, certain fields, and nearby objects, etc.

Controlling vehicle attitude requires actuators to apply the torques needed to orient the vehicle to a desired attitude, and algorithms to command the actuators based on the current attitude and specification of a desired attitude.

Before and during attitude control can be performed, spacecraft attitude determination must be performed, which requires sensors for absolute or relative measurement.

The broader integrated field that studies the combination of sensors, actuators and algorithms is called guidance, navigation and control, which also involves non-attitude concepts, such as position determination and navigation.
Gevelsberg West station
Gevelsberg West station is a through station in the town of Gevelsberg in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The station was opened with the Witten–Schwelm railway from Witten-Höhe to Schwelm that was opened by Deutsche Reichsbahn on 15 May 1934. It has two platform tracks and it is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 6 station.

The station is served by Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn line S 8 between Mönchengladbach and Hagen and line S 9 between Recklinghausen and Hagen, both every 60 minutes.

Hagen Hauptbahnhof
Hagen Hauptbahnhof is a railway station serving the city of Hagen in western Germany. It is an important rail hub for the southeastern Ruhr area, offering regional and long distance connections. The station was opened in 1848 as part of the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company's Elberfeld–Dortmund line and is one of the few stations in the Ruhr valley to retain its original station hall, which dates back to 1910.
Diky Greben
Diky Greben (Russian: Дикий гребень, lit. 'Wild Ridge') is a lava dome complex located in the southern part of Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The Kurile Lake adjoins the volcano in the northeast, and the Ozernaya River skirts it from the north. Several lakes formed on the lava-dammed sections of its slopes.

The volcano is the largest complex of lava domes in Kamchatka, one of the largest in the world. The total volume of all its lava domes is 18 km3 (4.3 cu mi). Its highest point is Mount Nepriyatnaya (Russian: Неприятная, lit. 'Unpleasant'), 1,079 m (3,540 ft).

The volcano is showing modern geothermal activity and, presumably, the growth of the central dome, Mount Nepriyatnaya, still continues.

Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian: полуо́стров Камча́тка, romanized: poluóstrov Kamchátka, pronounced [pəlʊˈostrəf kɐmˈt͡ɕætkə], Ainu: Cupka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (777 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi). The Sea of Okhotsk bounds the peninsula's western coastline, immediately offshore of the peninsula and below the Bering Sea runs the 9,600-metre-deep (31,496 ft) Kuril–Kamchatka Trench. Its eastern coastline is the Bering Sea, part of the Pacific Ocean.

The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, with about 13,000 being Koryaks (2014). More than half of the population lives in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (179,526 in 2010) and nearby Yelizovo (38,980). The Kamchatka Peninsula contains the volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, that form part of the Ring of Fire.
Bikhray Moti
Bikhray Moti (Urdu:  بکھرے موتی, lit. 'Scattered Pearls') is a 2020 Pakistani television series that premiered on 26 May 2020, on ARY Digital. It is co-produced by Humayun Saeed and Samina Humayun Saeed under their banners Six Sigma Plus and Next Level Entertainment. The main cast includes Neelam Muneer, Yasir Nawaz, and Wahaj Ali. The story revolves around Ayeza, played by Muneer, a strong-willed, independent girl who after her sister's death has no choice but marry her cruel brother-in-law to obtain custody of her niece and nephews. The last episode was aired in November 2020.

Samina Humayun Saeed
Samina Humayun Saeed (Urdu: ثمینہ ہمایوں سعید) is a Pakistani TV drama producer. She is best known for producing drama serials such as Kuch Pyar Ka Pagalpan, Kaash Main Teri Beti Na Hoti, Akbari Asghari, Sadqay Tumhare, Mann Mayal and Alif under her banner Next Level Entertainment. She won the Hum Award for Best Drama Serial Popular award at 3rd Hum Awards for producing Sadqay Tumhare. Samina is married to actor Humayun Saeed
Lynwood Drake
Lynwood Crumpler Drake III (October 10, 1949 – November 8, 1992) was an American spree killer who killed six people and wounded one other at two homes in Morro Bay and a card-playing club in Paso Robles, California, United States on November 7, 1992. He then drove to another house in San Miguel, where he took the owner hostage, before killing himself the next morning.

Paso Robles, California
Paso Robles (/ˌpæsə ˈroʊbəlz/ PASS-ə ROH-bəlz), officially El Paso de Robles (Spanish for The Pass of Oaks), is a city in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. Located on the Salinas River about 30 mi (48 km) north of San Luis Obispo, the city is known for its hot springs, abundance of wineries, production of olive oil, almond orchards, and playing host to the California Mid-State Fair. At the 2020 census, the population was 31,490.
2021 Louisiana's 2nd congressional district special election
The 2021 Louisiana's 2nd congressional district special election was held on March 20, 2021, with a runoff being held on April 24, 2021.

On November 17, 2020, incumbent Democratic representative Cedric Richmond announced that he would resign from the United States House of Representatives to serve as the director of the Office of Public Liaison and as a Senior Advisor to Joe Biden. He did so on January 15, 2021, and took his new job when Biden assumed office on January 20, 2021. When congressional seats in Louisiana become vacant, the governor has the ability to call a special election at any time. The special election to fill Louisiana's 2nd congressional district took place on March 20, and a runoff was held on April 24. Troy Carter won the runoff election on April 24, 2021, against fellow Democrat Karen Peterson.

Louisiana's 2nd congressional district
Louisiana's 2nd congressional district contains nearly all of the city of New Orleans and stretches west and north to Baton Rouge. The district is currently represented by Democrat Troy Carter. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+17, it is one of two Democratic districts in Louisiana.
John Gilchrist (zoologist)
John Dow Fisher Gilchrist FRSSAf (1866–1926) was a Scottish ichthyologist, who established ichthyology as a scientific discipline in South Africa. He was instrumental in the development of marine biology in South Africa and of a scientifically based local fishing industry.

Royal Society of South Africa
The Royal Society of South Africa is a learned society composed of eminent South African scientists and academics. The society was granted its royal charter by King Edward VII in 1908, nearly a century after Capetonians first began to conceive of a national scholarly society. The 1877 founder and first president of the society was Sir Bartle Frere (1815–1884).

Fellows are entitled to the post-nominal letters FRSSAf.
Economy of Wales
The economy of Wales is part of the wider economy of the United Kingdom, and encompasses the production and consumption of goods, services and the supply of money in Wales.

On the whole, gross domestic product (GDP) in Wales has increased since 1999, although it remains lower than the UK average. UK government and Welsh government expenditure in Wales has also increased over the same period. Wales has received funding from the European Structural and Investment Funds and the UK government has announced that this funding is being replaced by the UK Shared Prosperity Fund, although the Welsh Government has suggested that Wales is receiving less money. Wales has a negative fiscal balance, although all countries and regions of the UK also had a fiscal deficit in 2020/21. The Gross Value Added in Wales has increased since 1998, but per head remains lower than the UK average.

Welsh Government
The Welsh Government (Welsh: Llywodraeth Cymru, pronounced [ɬəˈwɔdraːɨθ ˈkəmrɨ]) is the devolved government of Wales. It consists of cabinet secretaries and ministers. The government is led by the first minister, usually the leader of the largest party in the Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru), who selects ministers with the approval of the Senedd. The government is responsible for tabling policy in devolved areas (such as health, education, economic development, transport and local government) for consideration by the Senedd and implementing policy that has been approved by it.

The current Welsh Government is a Labour minority administration, following the 2021 Senedd election. It is led by Eluned Morgan who has been the first minister of Wales since August 2024.
Yuet Wai Kan
Yuet Wai Kan FRS (Chinese: 簡悅威; Jyutping: Gaan2 Jyut6 Wai1; born June 11, 1936), is a Chinese-American geneticist and hematologist. He is the current Louis K. Diamond Chair in Hematology and a Professor Emeritus at the University of California, San Francisco. He is a former president of the American Society of Hematology.

Hematology
Hematology (spelled haematology in British English) is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. It involves treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen, and the mechanism of coagulation. Such diseases might include hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, blood clots (thrombus), other bleeding disorders, and blood cancers such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. The laboratory analysis of blood is frequently performed by a medical technologist or medical laboratory scientist.
Mount Currie, British Columbia
Mount Currie is a settlement in the Squamish-Lillooet region of southwestern British Columbia. On BC Highway 99, the locality is by road about 160 kilometres (99 mi) north of Vancouver, 39 kilometres (24 mi) northeast of Whistler, and 92 kilometres (57 mi) southwest of Lillooet.

The Lillooet Tribal Council governs the First Nations portion. The relatively smaller freehold part is an unincorporated community. The latter business centre approximately encompasses an area where the Macrea Road/Highway 99 intersection forms the southwest corner and the Pemberton Portage Road/Highway 99 intersection forms the northeast corner. The First Nations reserves straddle the Birkenhead River. The eastern portion of the reserves extends north to the same latitude as the Owl Creek community but is well back from the river at that point.

Birken, British Columbia
Birken is an unincorporated community on the north shore of Gates Lake in the Squamish-Lillooet region of southwestern British Columbia. On Pemberton Portage Road, the locality is by road about 182 kilometres (113 mi) north of Vancouver and 62 kilometres (39 mi) northeast of Whistler.
Norman Lumsden
Norman Lumsden (16 September 1906 – 28 November 2001) was an English opera singer and actor. He first came to prominence during the 1940s and 1950s in several operas by composer Benjamin Britten, often performing at Covent Garden and the Aldeburgh and Glyndebourne festivals. He later began a television acting career during the 1970s appearing mostly in small roles in TV dramas. He branched out into films during the 1980s, notably appearing in Clint Eastwood's 1990 film White Hunter, Black Heart. He is particularly remembered for his portrayal of J. R. Hartley in the 1983 Yellow Pages advert Fly Fishing by J. R. Hartley, in 2015 voted fifth most popular British TV advertisement.

Aldeburgh Festival
The Aldeburgh Festival of Music and the Arts is an English arts festival devoted mainly to classical music. It takes place each June in the town of Aldeburgh, Suffolk and is centred on Snape Maltings Concert Hall.
Oliver Leyland
Oli Leyland (born 17 May 2001) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a stand-off, scrum-half or fullback for the Warrington Wolves in the Super League.

He has spent time on loan from the Broncos at the London Skolars in League 1.

London Broncos
The London Broncos are a professional rugby league club based in Wimbledon, England. They play their home games at Plough Lane and compete in the Betfred Championship.

Whilst the club has never won a major trophy, they have finished second in the League Championship once and have been Challenge Cup runners-up once. They have also won the Championship Grand Final, to gain promotion to the Super League, on two occasions.

Originally formed as Fulham Rugby League Club in 1980, they have also previously been known as London Crusaders and Harlequins Rugby League. London's home colours are black, red and white.
Wong (supermarket)
Wong (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈwoŋg]) is a supermarket chain in Peru. Known until 2005 as E. Wong, it was started as a small store in 1942 by Chinese Peruvians in a residential area of the San Isidro District in Lima.

San Isidro District, Lima
San Isidro is an upscale district of the Lima Province in Peru. It is located in the west center of the city, it has a few meters of coastline. Officially created on April 24, 1931, San Isidro, along with Orrantia and Country Club neighborhoods, was separated from Miraflores.

San Isidro has become a major financial quarter in recent years, as many banks and businesses left downtown Lima to set up their headquarters in modern office blocks. It is inhabited by mostly upper middle and upper-class families.
Charles H. Pearce
Charles H. Pearce (1817–1887) was a religious and political leader in Florida.  An African Methodist Episcopal (AME) minister, he was dispatched to Florida in 1865, after the American Civil War. He had previously been a missionary in Canada after moving from Maryland to Connecticut. He helped bring the AME Church, the first independent black denomination in the United States, to Florida and worked to build its congregation during and after the Reconstruction era. In 1868 Pearce was elected as a delegate to the Florida Constitutional Convention of 1868. Later that year he was elected to the state legislature as a state senator from Leon County, Florida. He served numerous terms in the legislature, working to gain support for civil rights and public education for Floridians.

Pearce was born into slavery in Maryland and bought his freedom then moved North to New Haven, Connecticut, where he was ordained, and later to Canada, where he served as a preacher and became a British citizen.

Constitution of Florida
The Constitution of the State of Florida is the document that establishes and describes the powers, duties, structure, and function of the government of the U.S. state of Florida, and establishes the basic law of the state. The current constitution of Florida was ratified on November 5, 1968.

Florida has been governed by six different constitutions since acceding to the United States. Before 1838, only the Spanish Constitution of 1812 was briefly enacted in Florida. A monument commemorating La Constitución de Cádiz still stands in front of Government House in St. Augustine.

Florida's first constitution as a U.S. territory was written and implemented in 1838. On March 3, 1845, Florida was granted admission into the Union as the 27th state. The current constitution of Florida was ratified on November 5, 1968, and has been modified by initiative and referendum several times since.
Pretty Empowered
Pretty Empowered is a professional wrestling tag team currently signed to the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) consisting of sisters Kenzie Paige and Kylie Paige. Kenzie is a former one-time NWA World Women's Champion and a former NWA World Women's Television Champion. As a stable, the group are 3-time NWA World Women's Tag Team Champions.

NWA World Women's Championship
The NWA World Women's Championship is a women's professional wrestling world championship created and promoted by the American professional wrestling promotion National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). The title was first held by Mildred Burke in 1950, who was recognized as champion due to her February 11, 1937, defeat of Women's World Champion Clara Mortensen.
Faeries (book)
Faeries is a book written and illustrated by English artists Brian Froud and Alan Lee. An illustrated compendium of faerie mythology, legends and folklore, the book explores the history, customs and habitat of faeries in the manner of a field guide, complete with hand annotations.

The book was first published in 1978 by Harry N. Abrams, Inc. in the United States and Souvenir Press in the United Kingdom. It reached number four on the New York Times Best Seller list. Faeries has since been translated into at least nine other languages, and in 1981 was adapted into an animated television special of the same name. As of 2003, the book had sold more than five million copies.

The book received a mixed critical reception from news sources and library trade publications. Reviewers praised the authors' illustrations and depth of research, while some criticized the book's writing style for not clearly specifying facts regarding the book's mythical subject matter.

Abrams Books
Abrams, formerly Harry N. Abrams, Inc. (HNA), is an American publisher of art and illustrated books, children's books, and stationery.

The enterprise is a subsidiary of the French publisher Média-Participations. Run by president and CEO Mary McAveney, Abrams publishes and distributes approximately 250 titles annually and has more than 3,000 titles in print.

Abrams also distributes publications for the Victoria and Albert Museum, Tate, Vendome Press (in North America), Booth Clibborn Editions, SelfMadeHero, MoMA Children's Books, and 5 Continents.
Indra Sahdan Daud
Indra Sahdan bin Daud (born 5 March 1979) is a former Singapore international footballer who played as a forward who is currently the assistant coach of Singapore Premier League club Balestier Khalsa. He previously played for S.League clubs Geylang United, Home United, Sengkang Punggol and Singapore Armed Forces. He is known for his knack for scoring goals in big matches as well as being a pacy player in his earlier years.

Warriors FC
Warriors Football Club was a Singaporean professional football club based in Choa Chu Kang, Singapore, that played in the Singapore Premier League, the top division of football in Singapore. Before changing their name on 20 January 2013, they were previously known as the Singapore Armed Forces Football Club (SAFFC) since their establishment on 16 February 1996. Despite their name back then, not all players from the team came from the Armed Forces. Some were internationals and others were foreign.

The club's original choice of mascot was a wolf, but club officials chose a rhinoceros, which represents discipline, spirit, courage and teamwork.

Warriors are currently the most successful club in the history of the Singapore league since its inception, having won the league title a record 9 times in 1997, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2014 and finishing second on four occasions in 1996, 1999, 2001 and 2005.
Aleutite
Aleutite is both a vanadate and arsenate mineral but it can also be considered as a natural salt-inclusion phase. It was first discovered at Second scoria cone of the Great Fissure Tolbachik eruption in the summer of 2015 in  Kamchatka, Russia. Aleutite is a fumarolic mineral found with many other newly discovered minerals at this location. It gained the name from the Aleuts, the ethnic group who are the original inhabitants living on the Commander Islands, Aleutsky District, Kamchatka Krai. This mineral is very brittle and has a dark red color. Aleutite is a new structure type, the structure was refined as a 2-component twin, the twin ratio equals (0.955:0.045).

Arsenate
The arsenate is an ion with the chemical formula AsO3−4. Bonding in arsenate consists of a central arsenic atom, with oxidation state +5, double bonded to one oxygen atom and single bonded to a further three oxygen atoms. The four oxygen atoms orient around the arsenic atom in a tetrahedral geometry. Resonance disperses the ion's −3 charge across all four oxygen atoms.

Arsenate readily reacts with metals to form arsenate metal compounds. Arsenate is a moderate oxidizer and an electron acceptor, with an electrode potential of +0.56 V for its reduction to arsenite. Due to arsenic having the same valency and similar atomic radius to phosphorus, arsenate shares similar geometry and reactivity with phosphate. Arsenate can replace phosphate in biochemical reactions and is toxic to most organisms.
Hooton Pagnell
Hooton Pagnell is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England, on the border with West Yorkshire. It lies on the B6422 road, between Brodsworth and South Elmsall and is at an elevation of around 78 metres (256 ft) above sea level.  It had a population of 211 at the 2001 Census, reducing slightly to 201 at the 2011 Census. The name of the village derives from Ralph de Paganel (sometimes spelled Paynell), a Norman who was a tenant-in-chief in Yorkshire named in the Domesday Book and an extensive landowner.

South Elmsall
South Elmsall (/ˈɛmsəl/ EM-səl) is a town and civil parish in the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. South Elmsall lies to the east of Hemsworth. The town had a population in 2001 of 6,107, increasing to 6,519 at the 2011 Census.
Halil Menteşe
Halil Menteşe (1874–1948) was a Turkish government minister and politician, who was a well known official of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP). He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the President of the Chamber of Deputies in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, and also served as an independent deputy from İzmir in the Republic of Turkey. He was one of the people most directly responsible for the Armenian genocide.

Chamber of Deputies (Ottoman Empire)
The Chamber of Deputies (Ottoman Turkish: مجلس مبعوثان Meclis-i meb'ūs̱ān; Turkish: Meclis-i Mebusân or Mebuslar Meclisi) of the Ottoman Empire was the lower house of the General Assembly, the Ottoman Parliament. Unlike the upper house, the Senate, the members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected by the general Ottoman populace, although suffrage was limited to men of a certain financial standing, among other restrictions that varied over the Chamber's lifetime.
Arthur Lieutenant
Arthur Lieutenant  (9 September 1884 – 10 October 1968) was a German Liberal politician.

His political career peaked and crashed in the late 1940s when he found himself on the losing side as the newly established German Democratic Republic reverted to one-party government.

Liberal Democratic Party of Germany
The Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (German: Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands, LDPD) was a political party in East Germany. Like the other allied bloc parties of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) in the National Front, it had 52 representatives in the People's Chamber.