hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
INA-MOL dispute
The INA-MOL dispute was a dispute between the government of Croatia and MOL Plc., as to the management rights of INA d.d. MOL held the controlling interest in the company, while Croatian representatives maintained this controlling share was obtained illegally, through the bribery of the former Croatian prime minister Ivo Sanader. The dispute was brought to an arbitral tribunal under the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Arbitration Rules and administered by the PCA, with the arbitral tribunal ruling in favor of MOL.

This prompted the Croatian government to shift their focus from proving the controlling share was obtained illegally, to buying out a majority share in INA d.d.

United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) (French: Commission des Nations Unies pour le droit commercial international (CNUDCI)) is a subsidiary body of the U.N. General Assembly (UNGA) responsible for helping to facilitate international trade and investment.

Established by the UNGA in 1966, UNCITRAL's official mandate is "to promote the progressive harmonization and unification of international trade law" through conventions, model laws, and other instruments that address key areas of commerce, from dispute resolution to the procurement and sale of goods.

UNCITRAL carries out its work at annual sessions held alternately in New York City and Vienna, where it is headquartered.
Rhea Sharma
Rhea Sharma is an Indian actress who primarily works in Hindi television. She made her acting debut in the 2014 television series Itna Karo Na Mujhe Pyaar, portraying Nishi Khanna. Sharma is a recipient of Gold Awards, and has received other award nominations.

Sharma earned wider recognition with her portrayals of Dr. Kanak Rathi Toshniwal in Tu Sooraj Main Saanjh, Piyaji and Mishti Agrawal Rajvansh in Yeh Rishtey Hain Pyaar Ke.

Gold Awards
The Gold Awards is an annual awards show that honours the best performers in the Hindi-language television industry.

The awards are presented in various areas of excellence, such as popular programming, including music programmes, news, entertainment programmes, sports, travel, lifestyle and fashion; best television channel in a particular category including news, sports, music and entertainment; technical awards and popular awards. The event is managed and founded by Vikaas Kalantari.
UAAP Season 42 men's basketball tournament
The 1979 UAAP men's basketball tournament was the 42nd year of the men's tournament of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP)'s basketball championship. Hosted by University of the Philippines, the FEU Tamaraws defeated the UST Glowing Goldies in the finals taking their tenth overall UAAP men's basketball championship and the first of their three-peat title run from 1979 to 1981. The Tamaraws would eventually achieve the first sweep of the tournament (12–0) the following year and were automatically declared champions. The UAAP have seven teams then with the admission of Ateneo in 1978. This was the last finals match-up between FEU and UST until 2015 in Season 78. This was also the year when the UAAP first implemented the twice to beat finals format.

UST Growling Tigers basketball
The UST Growling Tigers basketball is the intercollegiate men's basketball program of the University of Santo Tomas. The school has won 19 basketball titles including one in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). They are one of the winningest teams in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) with 18 championships, the last coming in 2006 during Pido Jarencio's rookie year of coaching. Jarencio returned as the team's head coach after ten years since resigning in 2013. He formally replaced Bal David on February 3, 2023.
Otto Stoll
Otto Stoll (29 December 1849 in Frauenfeld – 18 August 1922 in Zürich) was a Swiss linguist and ethnologist.

Otto Stoll was a professor of ethnology and geography at the University of Zurich who specialized in research of Mayan languages. From 1878 to 1883 he conducted scientific studies in Guatemala. He was the author of several treatises on Guatemala, including important works in the fields on ethnography and ethno-linguistics. Stoll also published on neotropical Acari with a major work being the volume in the Biologia Centrali-Americana between Dec. 1886 and Jan. 1893.

Ethnology
Ethnology (from the Ancient Greek: ἔθνος, ethnos meaning 'nation') is an academic field and discipline that compares and analyzes the characteristics of different peoples and the relationships between them (compare cultural, social, or sociocultural anthropology).
Joseph-Désiré Job
Joseph-Désiré Job (born 1 December 1977) is a former professional footballer who played as a forward. Born in France, he played for the Cameroon national team.

After starting his career in France, Job moved to English team Middlesbrough, where he spent six years and is most remembered for scoring one of the two goals in the 2004 League Cup Final, where Middlesbrough won their first ever trophy.

He also played for clubs in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Turkey and Belgium. While playing for Saudi club Al-Ittihad, he won the 2005 AFC Champions League and scored in the final.

2005 AFC Champions League
The 2005 AFC Champions League was the 24th edition of the top-level Asian club football tournament and the 3rd edition under the current AFC Champions League title. The championship was retained by the Saudi Arabian club Al-Ittihad with a 5–3 aggregate victory over Al Ain from the United Arab Emirates. Following a 1–1 draw at the Tahnoun bin Mohammed Stadium in Al Ain in the first leg, Al-Ittihad recorded a 4–2 victory at the Prince Abdullah Al Faisal Stadium in Jeddah to lift the trophy for the second consecutive season. They also qualified for the 2005 FIFA Club World Cup.
Seán Donnelly
Seán Donnelly (1940 – 2 January 2024) was an Irish Gaelic footballer, administrator and manager. He played at club level with Longford Slashers and at inter-county level with the Longford senior football team. Donnelly also served as county board officer and manager.

Longford GAA
The Longford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae an Longfort) or Longford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Longford. The county board is also responsible for the Longford county teams.

The county football team won its only National Football League title in 1966 with a one-point victory over Galway in the Home Final and an aggregate win over New York in the Final. The team won its only Leinster Senior Football Championship title in 1968, with a 3-9 to 1-4 win over Laois.
Miiko Albornoz
Miiko Martín Albornoz Inola (Latin American Spanish: [ˈmiko alβoɾˈnos]; born 30 November 1990) is a Chilean professional footballer who plays as a left-back.

Born in Sweden, Albornoz started his professional career with IF Brommapojkarna before joining Malmö FF with whom he won the 2013 and 2014 Allsvenskan titles. He then moved on to play in Germany for Hannover 96. A youth player for Sweden, he opted to play his senior international football for Chile and was a part of Chile's 2014 World Cup and 2015 Copa América squads.

2013 Allsvenskan
The 2013 Allsvenskan, part of the 2013 Swedish football season, was the 89th season of Allsvenskan since its establishment in 1924. The 2013 fixtures were released on 14 December 2012. The season started on 31 March 2013 and ended on 3 November 2013. IF Elfsborg were the defending champions, having won their sixth title the previous season.

Malmö FF won the Swedish championship this season, their 20th Allsvenskan title and 17th Swedish championship overall, in the 29th round on 28 October 2013 when they won 2–0 in the away fixture against reigning champions IF Elfsborg at Borås Arena. This was Malmö FF's third Swedish championship of the 21st century having won their last title in the 2010 Allsvenskan season.

A total of 16 teams contested the league: 13 returning from the 2012 season and three that were promoted from Superettan.
Hitu people
The Hitu people are an Austronesian ethnic group originating from the Maluku province of Indonesia. The Hitu people inhabits villages along the northern coast of Ambon Island, namely Wakal, Hila, Hitulama, Hitumessing, Mamala, and Morella. Administratively, this region is located in Leihitu, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province.

Central Maluku Regency
Central Maluku Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Maluku Tengah) is a regency of Maluku Province of Indonesia. The Regency covers an area of 11,595.57 km2, and had a population of 361,698 at the 2010 Census, and 423,094 at the 2020 Census. The official estimate as at mid 2024 was 432,361. The principal towns are Masohi (the administrative capital) and Amahai, both on Seram Island.  The regency (kebupaten) is composed of the central part of the island of Seram, the Banda Islands, and the Lease Islands (Saparua, Haruku, and Nusa Laut), together with those parts of Ambon Island which are outside the City of Ambon.

This regency is the largest in area among Malukan regencies.
History of catecholamine research
The catecholamines are a group of neurotransmitters composed of the endogenous substances dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and adrenaline (epinephrine), as well as numerous artificially synthesized compounds such as isoprenaline - an anti-bradycardiac medication. Their investigation constitutes a major chapter in the history of physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. Adrenaline was the first hormone extracted from an endocrine gland and obtained in pure form, before the word hormone was coined. Adrenaline was also the first hormone whose structure and biosynthesis was discovered. Second to acetylcholine, adrenaline and noradrenaline were some of the first neurotransmitters discovered, and the first intercellular biochemical signals to be found in intracellular vesicles. The β-adrenoceptor gene was the first G protein-coupled receptor to be cloned.

Adrenergic receptor
The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of many catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) produced by the body, but also many medications like beta blockers, beta-2 (β2) agonists and alpha-2 (α2) agonists, which are used to treat high blood pressure and asthma, for example.

Many cells have these receptors, and the binding of a catecholamine to the receptor will generally stimulate the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The SNS is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which is triggered by experiences such as exercise or fear-causing situations. This response dilates pupils, increases heart rate, mobilizes energy, and diverts blood flow from non-essential organs to skeletal muscle. These effects together tend to increase physical performance momentarily.
1998 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
The 1998 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament was the 17th annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the national champion of Division III women's collegiate basketball in the United States.

Washington University in St. Louis defeated Southern Maine in the championship game, 66–50, to claim the Bears' first Division III national title, their first of four consecutive.

The championship rounds were hosted by the University of Southern Maine in Gorham, Maine.

University of Southern Maine
The University of Southern Maine (USM) is a public university with campuses in Gorham and Portland, Maine, United States. It is the southernmost university in the University of Maine System. It was founded as two separate state universities, Gorham Normal School and Portland University. The two universities, later known as Gorham State College and the University of Maine at Portland, were combined in 1970 to help streamline the public university system in Maine and eventually expanded by adding the Lewiston campus in 1988.

The Portland Campus is home to the Edmund Muskie School of Public Service, the Bio Sciences Research Institute, the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, the Osher Map Library, and the USM School of Business. The Gorham campus, much more residential, is home to the School of Education and Human Development and the Osher School of Music.
2022 World U-17 Hockey Challenge
The 2022 World Under-17 Hockey Challenge was an ice hockey tournament that was held in Langley and Delta, British Columbia, Canada from November 3 to 12, 2022. It was the 29th edition of the tournament and first since 2019.

Delta, British Columbia
Delta is a city in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and part of Greater Vancouver. Located on the Fraser Lowland south of Fraser River's south arm, it is bordered by the city of Richmond on Lulu Island to the north, New Westminster to the northeast, Surrey to the east, the Boundary Bay and the American pene-exclave Point Roberts to the south, and the Strait of Georgia to the west.

Encompassing the nearby Annacis Island, Deas Island and Westham Island, Delta is mostly rural and officially composed of three distinct communities: North Delta, Ladner and Tsawwassen.
The Land Before Time V: The Mysterious Island
The Land Before Time V: The Mysterious Island is a 1997 direct-to-video animated adventure musical film produced and directed by Charles Grosvenor. This is the first film in the series to be directed by Grosvenor, as well as the first film in which Anndi McAfee voices Cera (replacing Candace Hutson, the final remaining cast member from the first instalment), Aria Noelle Curzon voices Ducky, and Miriam Flynn voices Grandma Longneck. It is also the only film in which Brandon LaCroix plays Littlefoot; it is the first in which Thomas Dekker provides the singing voice for Littlefoot. Three songs for the film were written by Michele Brourman and Amanda McBroom, with music composed by Michael Tavera and the London Symphony Orchestra.

Aria Curzon
Aria Curzon is an American actress. She voiced the roles Ducky in The Land Before Time franchise, Teresa ("The Cornchip Girl") in Recess, and Mandy Straussberg in the radio drama Adventures in Odyssey.
IOS 15
iOS 15 is the fifteenth major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple for its iPhone and iPod Touch lines of products. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 7, 2021, as the successor to iOS 14 and released to the public on September 20, 2021.

On June 6, 2022, at WWDC 2022, its successor, iOS 16, was announced. iOS 15 was officially succeeded by iOS 16 on September 12, 2022.

iOS 15 is the final version of iOS that supports the iPhone 6s & 6s Plus, first-generation iPhone SE, iPhone 7 & 7 Plus, and seventh-generation iPod Touch, as its successor, iOS 16, drops support for those models. This means that iOS 15 is the last version to support the iPod Touch. iOS 15 is also the final iOS version to support live wallpapers.

IPod Touch (7th generation)
The seventh generation iPod Touch (marketed as the iPod touch and colloquially known as the iPod touch (2019) or iPod touch 7) is a discontinued mobile device designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a touchscreen-based user interface. It is the successor to the 6th-generation iPod Touch, the first major update to the line since 2015. It was released on May 28, 2019, and discontinued on May 10, 2022. It was the final product in Apple's iPod product line.
Anastasia Simakova
Anastasia Gennadyevna Simakova (Russian: Анастасия Геннадьевна Симакова; born 9 September 2004 in Omsk, Russia) is a Russian-born individual rhythmic gymnast who competes for Germany, where she holds citizenship. She is the 2025 European silver medalist with ball and the 2019 World Junior rope and team champion.

On the national level, she is the 2024 German national all-around bronze medalist and the 2025 German national all-around silver medalist. She is also a multiple medalist at the Russian junior nationals (among Candidates for Master of Sport in 2017, 2018 and 2019).

2019 Junior World Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships
The 2019 Rhythmic Gymnastics Junior World Championships were the inaugural Rhythmic Gymnastics Junior World Championships. They were held in Moscow, Russia, from 19 July to 21 July 2019.

Following the success of the event, which was measured by the amount of participating nations, The Executive Committee of the International Gymnastics Federation has announced the addition of the junior competitions to the official sporting calendar, which will take place every two years, in odd years. The next competition was going to be held in 2021, the covid-19 pandemic has postponed it to 2023.
2009 Men's World Team Squash Championships
The 2009 Men's World Team Squash Championships is the men's edition of the 2009 World Team Squash Championships organized by the World Squash Federation, which serves as the world team championship for squash players. The event were held in Odense, Denmark and took place from September 27 to October 3, 2009. The tournament was organized by the World Squash Federation and the Danish Squash Federation. The Egypt team won his second World Team Championships beating the French team in the final.

World Squash Team Championships
The World Squash Team Championships are an international squash competition organised by the World Squash Federation and played between teams representing different nations. Countries enter teams of three or four players to represent them in the championships. In each round of the competition, teams face each other in a best-of-three singles matches contest. The competition is held once every two years, with the venue changing each time. Normally the men's and women's events are held in different years in two locations. Australia have won the championship a record eight times, followed by Pakistan, which have been champions on six occasions.
The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua (Murillo)
The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua is a 1656 oil on canvas painting by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, commissioned by the chapter of Seville Cathedral as the altarpiece for its chapel of Saint Anthony of Padua, where it still hangs. It replaced an altarpiece by Bernardo Simón de Pineda.

Anthony of Padua
Anthony of Padua, OFM, or Anthony of Lisbon; born Fernando Martins de Bulhões (15 August 1195 – 13 June 1231) was a Portuguese Catholic priest and member of the Order of Friars Minor.

Anthony was born to and raised by a wealthy family in Lisbon, Portugal, and died in Padua, Italy. Noted by his contemporaries for his powerful preaching, expert knowledge of scripture, and undying love and devotion to the poor and the sick, he was one of the most quickly canonized saints in church history, being canonized less than a year after his death.

He was proclaimed a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius XII on 16 January 1946.
Dno
Dno (Russian: Дно) is a town and the administrative center of Dnovsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located at the intersection of the Pskov–Bologoye and St. Petersburg–Vitebsk railways, 113 kilometers (70 mi) east of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:  9,061 (2010 Census); 10,049 (2002 Census); 12,406 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov
Pskov (Russian: Псков, IPA: [ˈpskof] ⓘ; see also names in other languages) is a city in northwestern Russia and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Population: 193,082 (2021 census); 203,279 (2010 census); 202,780 (2002 census); 203,789 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. During the Middle Ages, it served as the capital of the Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League before it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow and became an important border fortress in the Tsardom of Russia.
Julien Foucaud
Julien Foucaud (2 July 1847, in Saint-Clément – 26 April 1904, in Rochefort) was a French botanist.

From 1867 to 1885, he was an assistant teacher and teacher in several schools in the department of Charente-Maritime. In February 1885, he was appointed director of the naval botanical garden in Rochefort.

In February 1878, he became a member of the Société Botanique de France. Taxa with the specific epithet of foucaudii are named in his honor. In collaboration with Georges Rouy, he described numerous plant species.

Charente-Maritime
Charente-Maritime (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁɑ̃t maʁitim] ⓘ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Chérente-Marine; Occitan: Charanta Maritima) is a department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, on the country's west coast. Named after the river Charente, its prefecture is La Rochelle. As of 2019, it had a population of 651,358 with an area of 6,864 square kilometres (2,650 sq mi).
Ladakh Range
The Ladakh Range is a mountain range in central Ladakh in India with its northern tip extending into Baltistan in Pakistan. It lies between the Indus and Shyok river valleys, stretching to 230 miles  (370 km). Leh, the capital city of Ladakh, is at the foot of the Ladakh Range in the Indus river valley.

Leh
Leh (English: /'leɪ/, Hindi: ['leː(ɦ)]) is a city in Indian-administered Ladakh in the disputed Kashmir region.   It is the largest city and the joint capital of Ladakh.   It has been the capital of Ladakh since the Medieval Period. Leh, located in the Leh district, was also the historical capital of the Kingdom of Ladakh. The seat of the kingdom, Leh Palace, the former residence of the royal family of Ladakh, was built in the same style and about the same time as the Potala Palace in Tibet. Since they were both constructed in a similar style and at roughly the same time, the Potala Palace in Tibet and Leh Palace, the royal residence, are frequently contrasted. Leh is at an altitude of 3,524 m (11,562 ft), and is connected via National Highway 1 to Srinagar in the southwest and to Manali in the south via the Leh-Manali Highway (part of National Highway 3).
Miroslav Vajs
Miroslav Vajs or Miroslav Weiss (Macedonian: Мирослав Вајс) (born 27 July 1979) is a retired footballer from the Republic of Macedonia. He played for Macedonian powerhouse Vardar Skopje and has appeared for the Macedonia national football team.

North Macedonia national football team
The North Macedonia national football team (Macedonian: Фудбалска репрезентација на Македонија, romanized: Fudbalska reprezentacija na Makedonija) represents North Macedonia in men's international football. It is administered by the Football Federation of Macedonia. The team plays their home matches at the Toše Proeski National Arena in Skopje.

North Macedonia has reached Euro 2020 (its first major tournament) and the European qualifying play-off final of the 2022 World Cup (after defeating Germany in Duisburg and Italy in Palermo).
Soundness
In logic, soundness can refer to either a property of arguments or a property of formal deductive systems.

An argument  is sound if (and only if) it is both valid in form and has no false premises.

A formal system is sound if (and only if) every well-formed formula that can be proven in the system is logically valid with respect to the logical semantics of the system.

These two properties are different but closely related. The former is more relevant for introductory deductive reasoning contexts and the latter arises in metalogic and mathematical logic.

Well-formed formula
In mathematical logic, propositional logic, and predicate logic, a well-formed formula, abbreviated WFF or wff, often simply formula, is a finite sequence of symbols from a given alphabet, constructed following the defined grammar of a formal language.

The abbreviation wff is pronounced "woof", or sometimes "wiff", "weff", or "whiff".

A formal language can be identified with the set of formulas in the language. A formula is a syntactic object that can be given a semantic meaning by means of an interpretation. Two key uses of formulas are in propositional logic and predicate logic.