hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chattha (clan)
Chattha (also spelled Chatha) is a politically influential Punjabi Jat clan concentrated in the Rachna Doab, particularly around the historical Gujranwala District (which includes modern day Wazirabad and Hafizabad).

The Chatthas, taking advantage of the weakening of the Mughal Empire, established their independent rule by taking over much of Wazirabad District and its environs while also ending tribute payments to the Mughal Governor of Lahore. The Chatthas were also able to beat back the expanding Sikhs on multiple occasions and had a particular rivalry with the Sukerchakia Misl (memorialized in the epic poem, Chatthian di Vaar) who eventually defeated them.

Jats
The Jat people (Hindi: [dʒaːʈ], Punjabi: [dʒəʈː]), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural caste in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, they are now found mostly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan and the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and AJK.

By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North India, including Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi. Over the years, several Jats abandoned agriculture in favour of urban jobs, and used their dominant economic and political status to claim higher social status.
Arcitys
Alec Sanderson, better known as Arcitys, is an American professional Call of Duty for the Vegas Falcons of the Call of Duty League (CDL). Beginning his career in 2015, Arcitys won 2019 Call of Duty World League Championship representing eUnited and the 2021 Call of Duty League Championship representing Atlanta FaZe.

Call of Duty Championship 2019
The Call of Duty World League Championship 2019 was a Call of Duty: Black Ops 4 tournament on PlayStation 4 which took place from August 14–18, 2019. The tournament was won by the eUnited team consisting of Alec "Arcitys" Sanderson, Preston "Prestinni" Sanderson, James "Clayster" Eubanks, Tyler "aBeZy" Pharris and Chris "Simp" Lehr, with Chris Lehr being chosen as the tournament's MVP.
Iterator
In computer programming, an iterator is an object that progressively provides access to each item of a collection, in order.

A collection may provide multiple iterators via its interface that provide items in different orders, such as forwards and backwards.

An iterator is often implemented in terms of the structure underlying a collection implementation and is often tightly coupled to the collection to enable the operational semantics of the iterator.

An iterator is behaviorally similar to a database cursor.

Iterators date to the CLU programming language in 1974.

Collection (abstract data type)
In computer programming, a collection is an abstract data type that is a grouping of items that can be used in a polymorphic way.

Often, the items are of the same data type such as int or string. Sometimes the items derive from a common type; even deriving from the most general type of a programming language such as object or variant.

Although easily confused with implementations in programming languages, collection, as an abstract concept, refers to mathematical concepts which can be misunderstood when the focus is on an implementation. For example, a priority queue is often implemented as a heap, while an associative array is often implemented as a hash table, so these abstract types are often referred to by this preferred implementation, as a "heap" or a "hash", though this is incorrect conceptually.
Cholula Hot Sauce
Cholula Hot Sauce is a brand of chili-based hot sauce, based in Stamford, Connecticut, manufactured in Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico by SANE, and licensed by McCormick. According to its manufacturers, Cholula hot sauce rates 1,000–2,000 on the Scoville scale.

The product is packaged in a glass bottle with a distinctive round wooden cap. Six varieties of Cholula are widely marketed in North America.

Scoville scale
The Scoville scale is a measurement of spiciness of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration of capsaicinoids, among which capsaicin is the predominant component.

The scale is named after its creator, American pharmacist Wilbur Scoville, whose 1912 method is known as the Scoville organoleptic test. The Scoville organoleptic test is a subjective assessment derived from the capsaicinoid sensitivity by people experienced with eating hot chilis.

An alternative method, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), can be used to analytically quantify the capsaicinoid content as an indicator of pungency.
Manfredi family
The Manfredi were a noble family of northern Italy, who, with some interruptions, held the seigniory of the city of Faenza in Romagna from the beginning of the 14th century to the end of the 15th century. The family also held the seigniory of Imola for several decades at the same time.

The first mention of the Manfredi family in Faenza is dated 1050. The family members were patricians of the city and consuls. The first Manfredi lord of Faenza was Francesco I Manfredi, son of Alberghetto and the last was Astorre Manfredi IV.

Francesco I Manfredi
Francesco I Manfredi (died May 29, 1343) was the lord of Faenza from 1313 until his death. He was the son of Alberghetto (or Alberghettino) Manfredi, one of the main Guelph leader of Romagna, from whom he inherited the lordships of Brisighella, Quarneto, and Baccagnano, to which Francesco added other lands starting from 1309.

He was capitano del popolo of Faenza from 4 January 1313 and of Imola from 9 November 1314. In 1319 he became absolute lord of both cities, being ousted in 1327. He was able to regain briefly Faenza in 1340–1341, maintaining subsequently the title of patrician of the city.

He married Rengarda Malatesta, daughter of Malatesta I Malatesta of Rimini.

Francesco Manfredi died at Faenza in 1343. He left nine children, including the future seigniors of Faenza Alberghetto, Malatesta, and Riccardo.
Mount Albion Cemetery
Mount Albion Cemetery is located on New York State Route 31 in the Town of Albion, New York, United States, east of the village of Albion, which owns and operates it. It is a rural cemetery established in the 1840s on a glacial drumlin.

From its original 25 acres (10 ha), it has almost tripled in size. Graves are on terraces in the rolling terrain. Tall trees, including some locally rare species, maintain a parklike atmosphere. Its notable monuments include a local Civil War memorial, a chapel and entrance arch. The dead buried there include Rufus Bullock, the first Republican Governor of Georgia and nine congressmen from two other states beside New York.

In 1976 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district. It was the first property in Orleans County listed on the Register, and is so far the only one in the Town of Albion.

Terrace (earthworks)
A terrace in agriculture is a flat surface that has been cut into hills or mountains to provide areas for the cultivation for crops, as a method of more effective farming. Terrace agriculture or cultivation is when these platforms are created successively down the terrain in a pattern that resembles the steps of a staircase. As a type of landscaping, it is called terracing.

Terraced fields decrease both erosion and surface runoff, and may be used to support growing crops that require irrigation, such as rice. The Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of the significance of this technique.
Tommy Macpherson
Colonel Ronald Thomas Stewart Macpherson, CBE, MC & Two Bars, TD, DL (4 October 1920 – 6 November 2014), known as Tommy Macpherson, was a highly decorated British Army officer during and after the Second World War. He fought with No. 11 Commando unit and French Resistance forces, becoming infamous among Axis forces as the "Kilted Killer". He caused so much damage to enemy military infrastructure, a bounty of 300,000 francs was placed upon his head. Three times he received the Military Cross, the French Croix de Guerre, and the Legion of Honour.

No. 11 (Scottish) Commando
No. 11 (Scottish) Commando was a battalion-sized commando unit of the British Army during the Second World War. Formed in Scotland, members of No. 11 (Scottish) Commando adopted the Tam o'shanter as their official headdress.

No. 11 (Scottish) Commando was sent to the Mediterranean as 'C' Battalion Layforce. It took part in operations in the Syria-Lebanon Campaign and then garrison duties in Cyprus. Its final raid was Operation Flipper, the attempt to capture the German commander Erwin Rommel. After the failure of this raid the commando was disbanded.
Mumbai Skywalk Project
The Mumbai Skywalk Project is a series of pedestrian skyways in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. The skywalks connect Mumbai Suburban Railway stations and other high-concentration commercial areas with various destinations. The purpose of the skywalks is efficient dispersal of commuters from congested areas to strategic locations, such as bus stations, taxi stands, shopping areas, etc. and vice versa.

The first skywalk was inaugurated on 24 June 2008. There are 36 skywalks in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. The average daily foot count for 23 skywalks in August 2010 was estimated at 565,000.

Mumbai Suburban Railway
The Mumbai Suburban Railway (colloquially called local trains or simply locals) consists of exclusive inner suburban railway lines, augmented by commuter rail on main lines serving outlying suburbs to serve the Mumbai Metropolitan Region in India. Spread over 450 kilometres (280 mi), the suburban railway operates 2,342 train services and carries more than 7.5 million commuters daily.

The daily commuters constitute around 40% of the daily commuters of Indian Railways. By annual ridership (2.64 billion), the Mumbai Suburban Railway is one of the busiest commuter rail systems in the world.
Focke-Wulf Fw 238
The Focke-Wulf Nr. 238 Fernkampfflugzeug was a four-engine strategic bomber developed by the German aeronautical company Focke-Wulf-Flugzeugbau AG in the early 1940s and remained at the project stage. Designed to the same specifications issued by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) which led to the Focke-Wulf Ta 400 and Junkers Ju 390, its development was cancelled by the RLM.

Project
A project is a type of assignment, typically involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a specific objective.

An alternative view sees a project managerially as a sequence of events: a "set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations".

A project may be a temporary (rather than a permanent) social system (work system), possibly staffed by teams (within or across organizations) to accomplish particular tasks under time constraints.: Section 1.2

A project may form a part of wider programme management: 1  or function as an ad hoc system.: 922

Open-source software "projects" or artists' musical "projects" (for example) may lack defined team-membership, precise planning and/or time-limited durations.
Lawrence Creek, Oklahoma
Lawrence Creek is a town in Creek County, Oklahoma, United States. Incorporated March 15, 1983, it is primarily a bedroom community whose employed residents work in Sapulpa and Tulsa. As of the 2020 census, Lawrence Creek had a population of 121.

Sapulpa, Oklahoma
Sapulpa is a city in and the county seat of Creek County, extending partly into Tulsa County, in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 21,929 at the time of the 2020 census, compared with 20,544 at the 2010 census.
New College, Oxford
New College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1379 by Bishop William of Wykeham in conjunction with Winchester College as New College's feeder school, New College was one of the first colleges in the university to admit and tutor undergraduate students.

The college is in the centre of Oxford, between Holywell Street and New College Lane (known for Oxford's Bridge of Sighs). Its sister college is King's College, Cambridge. The choir of New College has recorded over one hundred albums, and has won two Gramophone Awards.

Gramophone Classical Music Awards
The Gramophone Classical Music Awards, launched in 1977, are one of the most significant honours bestowed on recordings in the classical record industry. The British awards are often viewed as equivalent to or surpassing the American Grammy Awards, and referred to as the Oscars for classical music. They are widely regarded as the most influential and prestigious classical music awards in the world. According to Matthew Owen, national sales manager for Harmonia Mundi USA, "ultimately it is the classical award, especially worldwide."

The winners are selected annually by critics for the Gramophone magazine and various members of the industry, including retailers, broadcasters, arts administrators, and musicians. Awards are usually presented in September each year in London.
Midlands (Tasmania)
The Midlands  is a region of Tasmania between Launceston and Hobart. It also refers to the relatively flat, dry agricultural area, so named because it covers the region between the two cities. Its name is probably also influenced from the Midlands in the United Kingdom. It lends its name to the Southern Midlands Council, Northern Midlands Council, and the Midland Highway. The region is sometimes conflated or confused with the adjacent region of the Central Highlands—with the added term Tasmania's heartland.

Regions of Tasmania
In the Australian state of Tasmania, there are many areas which are commonly known by regional names. Regions are areas that share similar characteristics. These characteristics may be natural such as the Furneaux Islands, the coastline, or the Central Highlands. Alternatively, the characteristics may be cultural, such as a viticulture land use. Tasmania is divided by numerous regional boundaries, based on different characteristics. In many cases boundaries defined by different government agencies are coterminous and are often cited by the Australian and local media that tend to distinguish between North West, West Coast, Southern, and East Coast.

Some regions were historically identified in terms of land use. In the 1960s the Atlas of Tasmania was the definitive Tasmanian Government publication in relation to regional geographical variations in Tasmania.
Babagana Monguno
Mohammed Babagana Monguno CFR (born 1957) is a Nigerian retired military general who served as National Security Adviser from 2015 to 2023. He was the Chief of Defence Intelligence from July 2009 to September 2011; and the Commander of the Brigade of Guards from 2007 to 2009.

Order of the Federal Republic
The Member of the Order of the Federal Republic (MFR) is one of two orders of merit, established by the Federal Republic of Nigeria in 1963. It is senior to the Order of the Niger.

The highest honours are the Grand Commander in the Order of the Federal Republic and Grand Commander in the Order of the Niger and they are awarded to the President and vice-president respectively. The Presiding Judge in the Supreme Court and the Chairman of the Senate are former officials Grand Commanders in the Order of the Niger.

The Nigerians have followed the British example in the form and structure of the Order. There are also post-nominal letters for the members of the Order of the Niger.

There is a Civil Division and a Military Division. The ribbon of the latter division has a small red line in the middle.
NEC V60
The NEC V60 is a CISC microprocessor manufactured by NEC starting in 1986. Several improved versions were introduced with the same instruction set architecture (ISA), the V70 in 1987, and the V80 and AFPP in 1989. They were succeeded by the V800 product families, which is currently produced by Renesas Electronics.

The V60 family includes a floating-point unit (FPU) and memory management unit (MMU) and real-time operating system (RTOS) support for both Unix-based user-application-oriented systems and ITRON–based hardware-control-oriented embedded systems. They can be used in a multi-cpu lockstep fault-tolerant mechanism named FRM. Development tools included Ada certified system MV-4000, and an in-circuit emulator (ICE).

The V60/V70/V80's applications covered a wide area, including circuit switching telephone exchanges, minicomputers, aerospace guidance systems, word processors, industrial computers, and various arcade games.

Word processor
A word processor (WP) is a device or computer program that provides for input, editing, formatting, and output of text, often with some additional features.

Early word processors were stand-alone devices dedicated to the function, but current word processors are primarily word processor programs running on general purpose computers, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers, with dedicated hardware word processors being confined to a small niche market.

The functions of a word processor program are typically between those of a simple text editor and a desktop publishing program. Many word processing programs have gained advanced features over time providing similar functionality to desktop publishing programs.

Common word processor programs include LibreOffice Writer, Google Docs and Microsoft Word.
Fra McCann
Fra McCann (born 19 June 1953) is a retired  Irish Sinn Féin politician and former Republican prisoner.

McCann became active in the Irish republican movement and was imprisoned in the 1970s for membership of the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and took part in the blanket protest while in prison.

As a politician, he was a Belfast City Councillor for the 
Lower Falls DEA from 1987 to 2011.

He latterly served as a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Belfast West from 2003 to 2021.

2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election
The 2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election was held on Wednesday, 26 November 2003, after being suspended for just over a year. It was the second election to take place since the devolved assembly was established in 1998. Each of Northern Ireland's eighteen Westminster Parliamentary constituencies elected six members by single transferable vote, giving a total of 108 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). The election was contested by 18 parties and many independent candidates.
Battle at The Village
The Battle at The Village (also known as the Second Battle of Mobile) was fought on January 7, 1781. It was a failed British attempt to recapture a Spanish fortification at "The Village,"  during the American Revolutionary War. The attack was led by Waldecker Colonel Johann von Hanxleden who was killed in the attempt.

Siege of Pensacola
The siege of Pensacola, fought from March 9 to May 10, 1781, was the culmination of Spain's conquest of West Florida during the Gulf Coast Campaign of the American Revolutionary War. The siege was commanded by Bernardo de Gálvez, whose nearly 8,000 troops ultimately overran the British forces in the region. The success of the siege resulted in Gálvez' promotion to governor of West Florida and Louisiana.
Races and creatures in His Dark Materials
His Dark Materials is a trilogy of fantasy novels by Philip Pullman consisting of Northern Lights (1995; published as The Golden Compass in North America), The Subtle Knife (1997), and The Amber Spyglass (2000). This is a list of the fictional races and creatures in the novels.

The Subtle Knife
The Subtle Knife is a young-adult fantasy novel published in 1997 and the second book in Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials trilogy. The novel continues the adventures of Lyra Belacqua (now known as Lyra Silvertongue) recounted in the first novel, Northern Lights, as she investigates the mysterious phenomenon of Dust. Will Parry is introduced as a companion to Lyra, and together they explore new worlds in the search for Will's father.

In 2020, the novel formed the main part of the second series of the joint BBC-HBO television adaptation His Dark Materials. Parts of the novel had already been included in the first series in 2019.
Free Media Awards
Free Media Awards (formerly: Gerd Bucerius Prize for Free Press in Eastern Europe, German: Gerd Bucerius-Förderpreis Freie Presse Osteuropas) is the press prizes awarded by the two foundations The Fritt Ord Foundation and the ZEIT-Stiftung.

ZEIT-Stiftung
The charitable foundation Zeit-Stiftung Ebelin und Gerd Bucerius (house style: ZEIT STIFTUNG BUCERIUS) is registered in Hamburg. Its aim is to fund projects in research and scholarship, arts and culture, as well as education and training. It was founded in 1971 by Gerd Bucerius and carries the name of the founder, the title of the weekly newspaper Die Zeit, which he co-founded, and the nickname of his second wife, Gertrud Ebel, Ebelin.
The Art of Dining
The Art Of Dining is a play by Tina Howe which premiered Off-Broadway in 1979. The play showcases the bizarre relationships three groups of characters have with food. The play is set during November in a New Jersey restaurant, newly opened by couple Ellen and Cal, who have everything riding on each night's cash flow.  Both cooking and eating take place onstage.  Obie Awards were won by Dianne Wiest  for her performance and director A. J. Antoon.

Obie Award
The Obie Awards or Off-Broadway Theater Awards are annual awards given since 1956 by The Village Voice newspaper to theater artists and groups involved in off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City. Starting just after the 2014 ceremony, the American Theatre Wing became the joint presenter and administrative manager of the Obie Awards. The Obie Awards are considered off-Broadway's highest honor, similar to the Tony Awards for Broadway productions.
Kavita Sahai
Surgeon Vice Admiral Kavita Sahai, SM, VSM is a serving flag officer in the Indian Navy. She is the eighth woman in the Indian Armed Forces to be promoted to a Three-star rank, and the fourth to hold the rank of Vice Admiral. She currently serves as the  Director General Medical Services (Navy). She earlier served as the Commandant Army Medical Corps Centre and College, Lucknow.

Sena Medal
The Sena Medal (lit. 'Army Medal') is awarded to members of the Indian army, of all ranks, "for such individual acts of exceptional devotion to duty or courage as have special significance for the Army." Awards may be made posthumously and a bar is authorized for subsequent awards of the Sena Medal.

It can be awarded for gallantry or it can also be for distinguished service carried out by any soldier, not in the face of the enemy. Therefore, the Sena Medal also serves as a sort of general commendation medal for the Indian Army. From 1 February 1999, the central government set a monthly stipend of Rs. 250 for recipients of the award when it is awarded for bravery. It has since been revised to Rs. 2000. It is preceded by the Vir Chakra, Shaurya Chakra & Yudh Seva Medal.