hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Odingsell River
The Odingsell River is a 5.7-mile-long (9.2 km) tidal river in the U.S. state of Georgia. It flows into Ossabaw Sound just north of the mouth of the Ogeechee River. It passes through salt marshes lying between Skidaway Island to the west, Wassaw Island to the north and east, and Little Wassaw Island to the south.

The river most likely was named after Charles A. Odingsell.

Ogeechee River
The Ogeechee River is a 294-mile-long (473 km) blackwater river in the U.S. state of Georgia. It heads at the confluence of its North and South Forks, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south-southwest of Crawfordville and flowing generally southeast to Ossabaw Sound about 16 miles (26 km) south of Savannah. Its largest tributary is the Canoochee River, which drains approximately 1,400 square miles (3,600 km2) and is the only other major river in the basin. The Ogeechee has a watershed of 5,540 square miles (14,300 km2). It is one of the state's few free-flowing streams.
Nevermore (Nevermore album)
Nevermore is the debut studio album by American heavy metal band Nevermore, released on February 14, 1995, by Century Media Records. It was singer Warrel Dane and bassist Jim Sheppard's first release after disbanding their previous band, Sanctuary, in 1992. Having recruited drummer Van Williams and former Sanctuary touring guitarist Jeff Loomis, they formed the band Nevermore and began anew.

This was Nevermore's first and only album to feature original drummer Mark Arrington. Despite not being credited as the drummer on the album, he did play on half of the tracks.

A music video was produced for the song "What Tomorrow Knows". It would also be the sole track from Nevermore to be featured on Manifesto of Nevermore, the band's 2009 greatest hits compilation.

Jeff Loomis
Jeff Loomis (born September 14, 1971) is an American musician, best known for his role as lead guitarist in the progressive metal band Nevermore as well as brief tenures in its precursor, Sanctuary. In 2014, he joined Swedish melodic death metal band Arch Enemy, and in 2021 he joined Graham Bonnet's Alcatrazz as well. He left Arch Enemy in 2023. As a solo artist he has released two albums and one EP.
Nettleden
Nettleden is a small village in the civil parish of Nettleden with Potten End, in the Dacorum borough of Hertfordshire, England. It is in the Chiltern Hills, about 4 miles (6 km) north-west of Hemel Hempstead, near Little Gaddesden, Great Gaddesden and Frithsden.

Hemel Hempstead
Hemel Hempstead (/ˌhɛməl ˈhɛmpstɪd/) is a town in the Dacorum district of Hertfordshire, England. It is located 24 miles (39 km) north-west of London; nearby towns and cities include Watford, St Albans and Berkhamsted. The population at the 2021 census was 95,961.

Hemel Hempstead has existed since at least the 8th century and was granted its town charter by Henry VIII in 1539. It has expanded and developed in recent decades after being designated as a New Town after the end of the Second World War.
BMW R1250RS
The BMW R1250RS is a sport touring motorcycle (Reise Sport) produced by BMW Motorrad. It was unveiled at EICMA in November 2018. Like the other versions of the R-series, which include the R1250RT, R1250R (Roadster) and R1250GS, the motorcycle model is powered by a boxer engine.

BMW R1250GS
The BMW R1250GS is a motorcycle manufactured in Berlin, Germany by BMW Motorrad, part of the BMW group. It is one of the BMW GS family of dual sport motorcycles. It has a 1,254 cc (76.5 cu in), two-cylinder boxer engine with four valves per cylinder and variable valve timing (VVT).
Tuta (footballer, born 1999)
Lucas Silva Melo (born 4 July 1999), known as Tuta, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Qatari club Al-Duhail.

He acquired his nickname due to his likeness to former Brazilian footballer Moacir Bastos, who is also known as Tuta.

Al Duhail SC
Al-Duhail Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الدحيل الرياضي), formerly Lekhwiya SC, is a Qatari sports club, It is the oldest football team in Qatar, being formed in 1938 as Al-Shorta. The club participates in the Qatar Stars League. Al-Duhail is based in the Duhail district in the city of Doha and plays its home games at Abdullah bin Khalifa Stadium. It is the first team in Qatari football to win the first division title on its debut season.

In April 2017, it was announced that the club would take over El Jaish SC and merge with it following the 2016–17 Qatar Stars League and be known as Al-Duhail Sports Club in a rebranding of Lekhwiya SC.
Matrix splitting
In the mathematical discipline of numerical linear algebra, a  matrix splitting is an expression which represents a given matrix as a sum or difference of matrices.  Many iterative methods (for example, for systems of  differential equations) depend upon the direct solution of matrix equations involving matrices more general than tridiagonal matrices.  These matrix equations can often be solved directly and efficiently when written as a matrix splitting.  The technique was devised by Richard S. Varga in 1960.

Invertible matrix
In linear algebra, an invertible matrix (non-singular, non-degenerate or regular) is a square matrix that has an inverse. In other words, if a matrix is invertible, it can be multiplied by its inverse matrix to yield the identity matrix. Invertible matrices are the same size as their inverse.

The inverse of a matrix represents the inverse operation, meaning if a matrix is applied to a particular vector, followed by applying the matrix's inverse, the result is the original vector.
Ohileshwara
Ohileshwara (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1956 Kannada-language film directed by T.V. Singh Tagore. The film starred Rajkumar and Kalyan Kumar. It had Narasimharaju, G.V. Iyer and H. R. Shastry in supporting roles.

The film marks the first time singer P. B. Srinivas sung for Rajkumar. Rajkumar and G.K. Venkatesh too debuted as singers with this movie. It is noticeable that Narasimharaju had lip synced for Rajkumar's voice.

Kalyan Kumar
Kalyan Kumar (7 June 1928 – 1 August 1999) was an Indian actor, as well as an occasional film director and producer, who worked primarily in Kannada and Tamil cinema. Making his acting debut in the mythological drama Natashekara (1954), Kalyan Kumar went on to star in over 200 films in a span of over five decades. He was one of the most sought-after actors in the 1950s through 1970s for lead roles.

Kalyan Kumar has the credit of being the first ever Kannada actor to star in a colour film in Amarashilpi Jakanachari (1963). Alongside Kumar, the 1960s and 1970s in Kannada cinema was dominated by two other actors, Rajkumar and Udayakumar. At a time when actors had a tough time establishing themselves, Kalyan Kumar being successful not only in Kannada cinema, also made a mark in Tamil cinema. Kalyan Kumar along with Udaykumar, Rajkumar were called as "Kumara Thrayaru" (The Kumar Trio) of the Kannada cinema.
David Button
David Robert Edmund Button (born 27 February 1989) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for EFL Championship club Ipswich Town.

A product of the Tottenham Hotspur academy, Button came to prominence at Brentford in 2013. He earned 31 caps for England from U16 to U20 level.

England national under-16 football team
England national under-16 football team, also known as England under-16s or England U16(s), represents England in association football at an under-16 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.
Sam Duncum
Samuel Duncum (born 18 February 1987) is an English retired professional and semi-professional footballer who played for Rotherham United, York City, Lincoln United, Ilkeston Town, Eastwood Town, Belper Town, Buxton FC and Worksop Town as a winger.

Worksop Town F.C.
Worksop Town Football Club is an English football club based in Worksop, Nottinghamshire. The team play in the National League North. They are nicknamed The Tigers and play their home games at Sandy Lane in Worksop.
Dedza Central East Constituency
Dedza Central East Constituency is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Dedza District of Malawi's Central Region. It is one of the 8 constituencies in Dedza District. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system.

The constituency has several wards, all electing councilors for the Dedza District. In 2009, the member of parliament who represented the constituency was McSteyn Swithin Mkomba.

Dedza District
Dedza is a district in the Central Region of Malawi. It covers an area of 3,754 km.² to the south of the Malawi capital, Lilongwe, between Mozambique and Lake Malawi and has a population of 830,512. The capital is Dedza.
Alidzhoni Ayni
Burizod Alidzhoni Ayni (Tajik: Алиҷони Айни, Russian: Алиджони Айни; born 6 August 2004) is a Tajik professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Georgian club Samgurali, and the Tajikistan national team.

Tajikistan national football team
The Tajikistan national football team represents Tajikistan in international football and is controlled by the Tajikistan Football Federation, the governing body for football in Tajikistan. Tajikistan's homeground is the Markazii Jumhuriyavii Stadium in Dushanbe.
Cham issue
The Cham issue is a controversy which has been raised by Albania since the 1990s over the repatriation of the Cham Albanians, who were expelled from the Greek region of Epirus between 1944 and 1945, at the end of World War II, citing the collaboration of the majority of them with the occupying forces of the Axis powers. While Albania believes that the issue should be re-opened, Greece considers the matter closed. However, it was agreed that a bilateral commission should be created, but only in regard to the issue of property, as a technical problem. The commission was established in 1999, but has not yet functioned.

Epirus (region)
Epirus (/ɪˈpaɪrəs/ ih-PY-rəs; Greek: Ήπειρος, romanized: Ípiros, [ˈi.pi.ros]) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region in northwestern Greece. It borders the regions of Western Macedonia and Thessaly to the east, West Greece to the south, the Ionian Sea and Ionian Islands to the west and Albania to the north. The region has an area of about 9,200 km2 (3,600 sq mi). It is part of the wider historical region of Epirus, which overlaps modern Albania and Greece but lies mostly within Greek territory.
Electrochemical AFM
Electrochemical AFM (EC-AFM) is a particular type of Scanning probe microscopy (SPM), which combines the classical Atomic force microscopy (AFM) together with electrochemical measurements. EC-AFM allows to perform in-situ AFM measurements in an electrochemical cell, in order to investigate the actual changes in the electrode surface morphology during electrochemical reactions. The solid-liquid interface is thus investigated. 
This technique was developed for the first time in 1996 by Kouzeki et al., who studied amorphous and polycrystalline thin films of Naphthalocyanine on Indium tin oxide  in  a solution of 0.1 M Potassium chloride (KCl). Unlike the Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope, previously developed by Itaya and Tomita in 1988, the tip is non-conductive and it is easily steered in a liquid environment.

Electrochemical cell
An electrochemical cell is a device that either generates electrical energy from chemical reactions in a so-called galvanic or voltaic cell, or induces chemical reactions (electrolysis) by applying external electrical energy in an electrolytic cell.

Both galvanic and electrolytic cells can be thought of as having two half-cells: consisting of separate oxidation and reduction reactions.

When one or more electrochemical cells are connected in parallel or series they make a battery. Primary battery consists of single-use galvanic cells. Rechargeable batteries are built from secondary cells that use reversible reactions and can operate as galvanic cells (while providing energy) or electrolytic cells (while charging).
Max Rosenberg
Max J. Rosenberg (September 13, 1914 – June 14, 2004) was an American film distributor and producer, whose career spanned six decades. He was particularly known for his horror or supernatural films, and found much of his success while working in England.

Supernatural film
Supernatural film is a film genre that encompasses supernatural themes related to gods, goddesses, ghosts, apparitions, spirits, miracles, and other extraordinary phenomena. These themes are often blended with other film genres, such as comedy, science fiction, fantasy, and horror. Historically, the primary goal of supernatural films was not to terrify audiences but to offer entertainment, often in whimsical or romantic contexts.

The film genre is part of several hybrid genres, including supernatural comedy films, supernatural horror films, supernatural religious films, and supernatural thriller films.
Robert Lang Studios
Robert Lang Studios is a recording studio in Shoreline, Washington, United States. Numerous bands have recorded at Robert Lang Studios since 1974 including Nirvana, Alice in Chains, Foo Fighters, Soundgarden, Dave Matthews Band, Death Cab for Cutie, Heart, Sir Mix-A-Lot, Peter Frampton, Candlebox, and Bush.

Bush (British band)
Bush are  an English rock band formed in London in 1992. As of 2025, their lineup consists of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Gavin Rossdale, lead guitarist Chris Traynor, bassist Corey Britz, and drummer Nik Hughes.

In 1994, Bush found immediate success outside the UK with the release of their debut album, Sixteen Stone, which is certified six times multi-platinum by the RIAA. Bush have had numerous top ten singles on the Billboard rock charts and one No. 1 album with Razorblade Suitcase in 1996. The band broke up in 2002 but reformed in 2010, and have released six albums since then: The Sea of Memories (2011), Man on the Run (2014), Black and White Rainbows (2017), The Kingdom (2020), The Art of Survival (2022) and I Beat Loneliness (2025).

Writers at 106.3 The Buzz consider Bush one of the "Big Four" of post-grunge.
Mazda Nagare (car design)
Nagare (流; flow) is an automotive design language created by Franz von Holzhausen and Laurens van den Acker for Mazda. Incorporated into a number of concept cars, starting with the car of the same name, the Nagare design lineup was intended as a showcase of what Mazda's cars may have looked like in 2020.

It was abandoned by Mazda in 2011 in favour of the Kodo design series, starting with their Shinari concept car.

Franz von Holzhausen
Franz von Holzhausen (born May 10, 1968) is an American automobile designer. He has been the chief designer at Tesla, Inc. since 2008, where he has led the design of multiple production and concept vehicles, including the Model S, Model X, Model 3, Model Y, Semi, Cybertruck, and second-generation Roadster. He previously held design roles at Volkswagen, General Motors, and Mazda.
Rimo Hunt
Rimo Hunt (born 5 November 1985) is an Estonian former professional footballer. He played as a  striker for Estonian clubs Tallinna Kalev, Levadia, Nõmme Kalju and Kazakh club Kaysar Kyzylorda.

Hunt made his international debut for the Estonia national team on 3 June 2013 in a friendly against Belarus. He made a total of 7 appearances for Estonia before retiring.

FC Kaisar
FC Kaysar (Kazakh: Қайсар Футбол Клубы, Qaisar Futbol Kluby) is a Kazakh professional football club based in the Gany Muratbayev Stadium in Kyzylorda. They are founding members of the Kazakhstan Premier League and have missed only three seasons following relegations. Their most successful was the season of 1998, when they won the Kazakhstan Cup and came fourth in the league. Also they won Kazakhstan Cup in 2019.
The Ward, Toronto
The Ward (formally St. John's Ward) was a neighbourhood in central Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Many new immigrants first settled in the neighbourhood; it was at the time widely considered a slum.

It was bounded by College, Queen, and Yonge Streets and University Avenue, and was centred on the intersection of Terauley Street (now Bay Street) and Albert Street (now Dundas Street).

Chinatown, Toronto
Chinatown, Toronto (also known as Downtown Chinatown or West Chinatown) is a Chinese ethnic enclave located in the city's downtown core of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is centred at the intersection of Spadina Avenue and Dundas Street West.

The present neighbourhood was the result of the government expropriating Toronto's first Chinatown in the late 1950s to make way for a new city hall and public square. As a result of the expropriations, a number of businesses and residents based in the city's first Chinatown moved west towards Spadina Avenue during the 1950s and 1960s, later joined by other Chinese immigrants during the 1960s. The neighbourhood is one of several Chinatowns in Toronto that developed during the latter half of the 20th century. This Chinatown is sometimes referred to as West Chinatown to differentiate from both the first Chinatown located more centrally and East Chinatown developed at the intersection of Broadview Avenue and Gerrard Street East.
Kendall J. Fielder
Brigadier General Kendall "Wooch" Jordan Fielder (August 1, 1893 – April 13, 1981) was an influential World War II officer in the United States Army, who served in Hawaii at the time United States' entry into World War II, and testified before Congress in favor of statehood.

At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, then Lieutenant Colonel Fielder was the U.S. Army G-2 Chief of Intelligence and Security. Fielder later helped to form several Japanese Americans formations such as Varsity Victory Volunteers, 100th Infantry Battalion and 442nd Regimental Combat Team.

Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)
The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military decoration of the United States Army that is presented to soldiers who have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious service to the government in a duty of great responsibility. The performance must be such as to merit recognition for service that is clearly exceptional. The exceptional performance of normal duty will not alone justify an award of this decoration.

The Army's Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Naval Service's Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. Prior to the creation of the Air Force's Distinguished Service Medal in 1960, United States Air Force airmen were awarded the Army's Distinguished Service Medal.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina does not recognize same-sex marriages or civil unions. In 2018, the Government of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of the two entities forming Bosnia and Herzegovina, announced its intention to legalize civil unions.

Confederal entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The confederal entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina – the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) and Republika Srpska (RS) – were created by the Dayton Agreement in December 1995. The condominium of the two entities, the Brčko District, was established in 1999.

The vast majority of the population in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Bosniaks and Croats. In contrast, in Republika Srpska, the vast majority are Serbs. Due to the entities' significant power and political differences, Bosnia and Herzegovina is described as a confederation.
Lista negra
Lista negra (English title:Black list) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Francisco Burillo for Televisa in 1986. It is an original story by Carlos Enrique Taboada and directed by Julio Castillo.

Eduardo Palomo and Luz María Jerez starred as protagonists, while Enrique Rocha starred as main antagonist.

Enrique Rocha
Enrique Rocha (January 5, 1940 – November 7, 2021) was a Mexican actor. He made his debut in the film industry in the film Guadalajara en Verano directed by Julio Bracho in the last decade of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.
Severin Roesen
Severin Roesen (c. 1815 in Boppard – c. 1872) was a Prussian-American painter known for his abundant fruit and flower still lifes, and is today recognized as one of the major American painters in that genre from the nineteenth century.

Boppard
Boppard (German pronunciation: [ˈbɔpaʁt] ⓘ), formerly also spelled Boppart, is a town and municipality (since the 1976 inclusion of 9 neighbouring villages, Ortsbezirken) in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, lying in the Rhine Gorge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The town is also a state-recognized tourism resort (Fremdenverkehrsort) and is a winegrowing centre.
Daryll Clark
Daryll Lawrence Clark (born February 5, 1986) is an American former professional football quarterback. He was signed by the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League (CFL) as a free agent in 2010. He played collegiately for the Penn State Nittany Lions. From 2005 until 2009, Clark was the Nittany Lions' all-time passing touchdowns leader, as well as numerous other passing records. Clark was recruited to Penn State out of Ursuline High School in Youngstown by way of The Kiski School in Saltsburg, Pennsylvania. Clark was also a member of the Omaha Nighthawks, Chicago Rush, Myrtle Beach Freedom, and Cape Fear Heroes.

Penn State Nittany Lions football
The Penn State Nittany Lions team represents the Pennsylvania State University in college football. The Nittany Lions compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Big Ten Conference, which they joined in 1993 after playing as an Independent from 1892 to 1992.

Established in 1887, the Nittany Lions have achieved numerous on-field successes, including two consensus national championships in 1982 and 1986; four Big Ten Conference championships in 1994, 2005, 2008 and 2016; 13 undefeated seasons in 1887, 1894, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1921, 1947, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1986 and 1994; and 53 appearances in college bowl games, with an all-time post-season bowl record of 32–20–2. The team ranks seventh among NCAA Division I college football programs in all-time total wins.

The Nittany Lions play their home games at Beaver Stadium, located on campus in University Park, Pennsylvania.
Anju Takamizawa
Anju Takamizawa (高見澤 安珠, Takamizawa Anju; born 6 March 1996) is a Japanese athlete competing in the 3000 metres steeplechase. She represented her country at the 2016 Summer Olympics, but did not qualify for the final.

3000 metres steeplechase
The 3000 metres steeplechase or 3000-meter steeplechase (usually abbreviated as 3000mSC) is the most common distance for the steeplechase in track and field. It is an obstacle race over the distance of the 3000 metres, which derives its name from the horse racing steeplechase.
Dowsing (horse)
Dowsing (21 April 1984 – 1 January 1993) was an American-bred British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. A specialist sprinter, he excelled over six furlongs and won four of his fourteen races between 1986 and 1988. After failing to win in two starts as juvenile, Dowsing showed improved form is 1987 when he won three races including a valuable handicap at Doncaster Racecourse and the Diadem Stakes on his final appearance. In the following year he took time to reach his best form but again ended his season triumphantly as he recorded his biggest win in the Group One Vernons Sprint Cup.

Doncaster Racecourse
Doncaster Racecourse (also known as the Town Moor course) is a racecourse in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. It hosts two of Great Britain's 36 annual Group 1 flat races, the St Leger Stakes and the Racing Post Trophy.