hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fernando Vérgez Alzaga
Fernando Vérgez Alzaga L.C. (born 1 March 1945) is a Spanish Catholic prelate who served as President of the Pontifical Commission and Governorate for Vatican City State from 2021 to 2025. He was Secretary General of the Governorate of Vatican City State from 2013 to 2021, and before that, director of the Vatican City State Telecommunications Directorate.

He has worked in the Roman Curia since 1972. He was made a bishop in 2013 and given the personal title of archbishop in 2021. Pope Francis made him a cardinal on 27 August 2022. He is the first member of the Legionaries of Christ to become a cardinal. He is a member of the Council of Cardinals.

Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
The Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State (Latin: Pontificia Commissio pro Civitate Vaticana, Italian: Pontificia Commissione per lo Stato della Città del Vaticano) is the legislative body of Vatican City. It consists of a president, who also holds the title of President of the Governorate and deputizes as the head of government of Vatican City, as well as six cardinals appointed by the Pope, the head of state of Vatican City, for five-year terms.

The Pontifical Commission was created in 1939 by Pius XII. Laws and regulations proposed by the Commission must be submitted to the Pope through the Secretariat of State prior to being made public and taking effect. Laws, regulations, and instructions enacted by the Commission are published in the Acta Apostolicae Sedis.
MVDDS dispute
The MVDDS dispute refers to several legal disputes and political controversies that surrounded Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approval of MVDDS terrestrial wireless broadband technology.  The controversy arose over the lobbying efforts of Northpoint Technology, a developer of MVDDS, to receive approval and licensing for the technology.  The dispute later transformed into several court cases against the FCC and satellite television providers, as well as a patent infringement case against MDS America and MDS International.  As a result of the dispute, Northpoint lost the patents.

MDS America
MDS America, Inc (MDSA) is a wireless Internet and wireless cable TV technology provider based in Stuart, Florida, US. MDS America was the primary party responsible for the invalidation of Northpoint Technology Inc's patents having to do with extraterrestrial rebroadcast of satellite signals.

MDS Operations, an affiliated company, participated in recent auctions in 2005 and 2006 held by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the frequency band of 12.2 - 12.7 GHz, which it christened "MVDDS".
Things Are Great
Things Are Great is the sixth studio album by indie rock band Band of Horses, released on March 4, 2022, on BMG. The album was initially produced by Grandaddy's Jason Lytle, who produced the band's previous studio album, Why Are You OK  (2016), and Dave Fridmann, but was later reworked by frontman Ben Bridwell and producer Wolfgang Zimmerman.

Recorded without longtime members, Tyler Ramsey (guitar) and Bill Reynolds (bass), who were both fired from the group in 2017, the album's sessions featured new bass guitarist Matt Gentling and guitarist Ian MacDougall. MacDougall departed from the band two months prior to the album's release, and was replaced by Brett Nash.

The album received generally positive reviews, with many praising it as a return to form and most calling it their best album in over a decade. The album was preceded by the singles "Crutch", "In Need of Repair" and "Lights".

Ben Bridwell
Benjamin Bridwell (born April 25, 1978) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and musician. He is best known as the lead singer and only continuous member of the American rock band Band of Horses, as well as a former member of the band Carissa's Wierd.
Willy Bach, Baron Bach
William Stephen Goulden "Willy" Bach, Baron Bach (born 25 December 1946) is a British Labour member of the House of Lords. He was a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Ministry of Justice from 2008 to 2010. He resigned from the opposition front bench when he was elected the Leicestershire Police and Crime Commissioner on 6 May 2016. He did not stand again at the 2021 PCC election and was succeeded by the Conservative Rupert Matthews.

Official Opposition frontbench
The frontbench of His Majesty's Loyal Opposition in the Parliament of the United Kingdom consists of the Shadow Cabinet and other official shadow ministers of the political party currently serving as the Official Opposition. The Opposition front bench provide Parliamentary opposition to the British Government frontbench and has been the Conservative Party since 5 July 2024. The current Leader of the Opposition is Kemi Badenoch, following her victory in the 2024 Conservative Party Leadership Election.
Iqbal Kazmi
Syed Mohammad Iqbal Kazmi is a Pakistani human rights activist based out of city of Karachi. He was a correspondent for the Human Rights Commission South Asia and the chief editor of  Weekly Special Report. He is known to have registered cases against K-Electric, Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority, Government of Sindh and for IDPs. He moved the Sindh High Court for judicial inquiries into the Ashura blast and targeted killings in Karachi. He also moved the Supreme Court of Pakistan against the beneficiaries of the National Reconciliation Ordinance (NRO) challenging the eligibility of the beneficiaries.

Human rights in Pakistan
The situation of human rights in Pakistan (Urdu: پاکستان میں انسانی حقوق) is complex as a result of the country's diversity, large population, its status as a developing country and a sovereign Islamic democracy with a mixture of both Islamic Sharia law and Common law.
7th Texas Infantry Regiment
The 7th Texas Infantry Regiment, also known as "Gregg's regiment", was an infantry formation of the Confederate States Army in the Western theater of the American Civil War.

The regiment was captured at Fort Donelson and sent to Northern prison camps. After the survivors were exchanged and new recruits added, the regiment was reconstituted and fought at Raymond, Jackson, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and Ringgold Gap. It served in the Atlanta campaign and at Franklin, Nashville, Averasborough, and Bentonville. Surviving members of the regiment were paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, on May 1, 1865.

Battle of Nashville
The Battle of Nashville was a two-day battle in the Franklin-Nashville Campaign that represented the end of large-scale fighting west of the coastal states in the American Civil War. It was fought at Nashville, Tennessee, on December 15–16, 1864, between the Confederate Army of Tennessee under Lieutenant General John Bell Hood and the Union Army of the Cumberland (Dept. of the Cumberland) (AoC) under Major General George H. Thomas. In one of the largest victories achieved by the Union army during the war, Thomas attacked and routed Hood's army, largely destroying it as an effective fighting force.
Ned Price
Edward Price (born November 22, 1982) is an American diplomat, political advisor and former intelligence officer who served as the deputy to the United States Ambassador to the United Nations from 2024 to 2025.[†] In this role, he is considered a Deputy Cabinet Secretary and is a sitting member of the National Security Council's Deputies Committee. He previously served as Senior Advisor to the Secretary of State from 2023 to 2024 and the Spokesperson for the United States Department of State from 2021 to 2023. He worked at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) from 2006 until 2017.

In February 2017, Price published a controversial op-ed piece in The Washington Post, outlining his decision to retire from the CIA rather than work in the Trump administration.

Spokesperson for the United States Department of State
The Spokesperson for the United States Department of State is a U.S. government official whose primary responsibility is to serve as the Spokesperson for the United States Department of State and the U.S. government's foreign policies. The position is located in the Bureau of Global Public Affairs.

Historically, the State Department Spokesperson and the Assistant Secretary of state for public affairs were synonymous names for the same role. However, this has not been the case since Philip J. Crowley's tenure ended in 2011. Since 2011, the Assistant Secretary and the Spokesperson have been two separate roles held by different people. In late 2015, the two roles were once again merged with the appointment of Spokesperson John Kirby as Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs.
Jhurell Pressley
Jhurell Pressley (born May 20, 1992) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the New Mexico Lobos and was signed by the Minnesota Vikings as an undrafted free agent in 2016. He was also a member of the Green Bay Packers, Atlanta Falcons, Jacksonville Jaguars, New York Giants, Arizona Hotshots, DC Defenders, and IBM Big Blue.

New Mexico Lobos football
The New Mexico Lobos football team is the intercollegiate football team at the University of New Mexico. The Lobos compete as a member of the Mountain West Conference. Their official colors are cherry and silver. The Lobos play their home games at University Stadium (Albuquerque).
UCLA Bruins men's volleyball
The UCLA Bruins men's volleyball program represents the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in the sport of men's volleyball as a member of the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation (MPSF). UCLA played its first season in 1953 and has won a record 21 NCAA titles. Al Scates had been the head coach each year since 1963 until his retirement after the 2012 season. John Speraw took over as head coach after Scates’ retirement. After the 2024 season, Speraw left the program to become the president and CEO of USA Volleyball. John Hawks, who was previously an assistant coach for the Bruins from 2015-2022, would return as the team’s head coach. The Bruins play most of their home matches in Pauley Pavilion, but when Pauley is not available, they play in the Wooden Center.

Scates had more wins than any other NCAA Division I men's volleyball coach, with a record (since 1970, since no records were kept from 1953 to 1969) of 1,239–290.

NCAA men's volleyball tournament
The NCAA men's volleyball tournament, officially titled the NCAA national collegiate men's volleyball championship, is an annual competition that determines the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) championship in American college men's volleyball. It had been the only NCAA championship in the sport from 1970 until 2012, when the NCAA launched a Division III championship.

Unlike most NCAA sports, men's volleyball uses a modified version of the National Collegiate championship format, which means Division I and Division II teams compete against each other in the same tournament.

In the past, schools from the Pacific Coast region have dominated this sport, in particular UCLA with coach Al Scates leading the program to 19 NCAA titles (more than any other coach).
John Joseph Stockdale
John Joseph Stockdale (1770, 1776 or 1777 – 16 February 1847) was an English publisher and editor with something of a reputation as a pornographer. He sought to blackmail a number of public figures over the memoirs of society courtesan Harriette Wilson, drawing the notorious retort from the Duke of Wellington, "Publish and be damned!" He also famously sued the parliamentary reporter Hansard over an allegation that he had published an indecent book and became involved in an important constitutional clash between parliament and the courts that ultimately brought about a change in the law.

Harriette Wilson
Harriette Wilson (2 February 1786 – 10 March 1845) was an English courtesan and writer. The author of The Memoirs of Harriette Wilson: Written by Herself (1825), she was a famed Regency era courtesan who became the mistress of the Earl of Craven at the age of 15. Later in her career, she went on to have formal relationship arrangements with the Duke of Wellington and other prominent people.
Priyakanta Laishram
Priyakanta Laishram (born 7 November 1998) is an Indian actor, film director, film producer, screenwriter, and film editor from the Meitei ethnicity of Imphal, Manipur who predominantly works in Manipuri films. Known for his socially relevant and unconventional films, he began making children's films at the age of 9 using a Nokia N70 mobile phone, receiving recognitions including The Youngest Filmmaker 2009 from Nokia and Manipur's Rising Star 2011 from Asian News International. His directorial work includes Oneness, notable for being Manipur’s first film centered on same-sex relationships. Laishram has won numerous accolades for his films, including a Manipur State Film Award and the Best Director Northeast award at the Prag Cine Awards.

Some of his notable works are Oneness, The Foul Truth, Up-Close With Priyakanta Laishram, Spaced Out - Panthung Di Kadaaida!, Who Said Boys Can't Wear Makeup?, It's Not My Choice and I am Special.

Prag Cine Awards
Prag Cine Awards are presented annually by Prag News & Rengoni, a satellite television channel from Assam. The aim of the award to give support, recognition and inspiration to the Assamese film industry and honour some of the eminent film personalities who have contributed to the cause of Assamese cinema of Assam. The award was first instituted in the year 2003. Starting from 2015, films produced in other Northeastern states were also honored in this ceremony.
John Whitley (RAF officer)
Air Marshal Sir John Rene Whitley, KBE, CB, DSO, AFC & Bar (7 September 1905 – 26 December 1997) was a senior commander in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War and also in the post-war years.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Visual IRC
Visual IRC (ViRC) is an open-source Internet Relay Chat client for the Windows operating system. Unlike many other IRC clients, nearly all of the functionality in ViRC is driven by the included IRC script, with the result that the program's behavior can be extended or changed without altering the source code.

IRC
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a text-based chat system for instant messaging. IRC is designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-on-one communication via private messages as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.

Internet Relay Chat is implemented as an application layer protocol to facilitate communication in the form of text. The chat process works on a client–server networking model. Users connect, using a client—which may be a web app, a standalone desktop program, or embedded into part of a larger program—to an IRC server, which may be part of a larger IRC network. Examples of ways used to connect include the programs Mibbit, KiwiIRC, and mIRC.

IRC usage has been declining steadily since 2003, losing 60 percent of its users by 2012. In April 2011, the top 100 IRC networks served more than 200,000 users at a time.
Chin Chum
Chin Chum (born 7 October 1985) is a Cambodian football coach and former player who is the assistant coach of Cambodian Premier League club Nagaworld.

He has represented Cambodia at senior international level.

Cambodian Premier League
The Cambodian Premier League (Khmer: លីគកំពូលកម្ពុជា, Lik Kampul Kampuchea [lik kɑmˈpuːl ˌkampuˈciə]) is a top association football division in Cambodia and administered by the Cambodian Football League Company (CFLC). Contested by 11 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Cambodian League 2.
Larisa Tutova
Larisa Nikolaevna Tutova (Russian: Лариса Николаевна Тутова; born 18 October 1969, Peschanokopskoye, Rostov Oblast) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of 7th and 8th State Dumas.

From 1991 to 2010, Tutova taught history and social studies at the secondary school in Peschanokopskoye. In 2011, she was appointed the director of the school. From 2013 to 2016, she was the deputy of the Legislative Assembly of the Rostov Oblast. In 2016, she was elected deputy of the 7th State Duma from the Rostov constituency. Since September 2021, she has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

8th State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 8th convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации восьмого созыва) is the current convocation of the lower house of Russian parliament.

The composition of the 8th State Duma was determined based on the results of the 2021 legislative election. Elections were held using a mixed system: 225 deputies were elected on party lists and 225 — in single-member constituencies. Of the 14 parties that participated in the elections, only 5 were able to overcome the 5% barrier. And for the first time since 1999, more than four parties were able to form their own factions. Three more parties and five independent candidates were able to win one seat each through single-mandate constituencies.

In accordance with the presidential decree, the first meeting of the 8th State Duma was held on 12 October 2021.
Arizona Red Devils
The Arizona Red Devils were a women's American football team in the Extreme Football League (X League) based in Mesa, Arizona. Due to season cancellations and issues within the franchise during the league's 2022 season, the team did not compete in the X League.

X League (women's football)
The Extreme Football League (X League) is a women's semi-professional indoor American football league operating in the United States. The league was originally founded in 2009 as the Lingerie Football League (LFL), and later rebranded as the Legends Football League in 2013.

They didn't play in 2020 or 2021, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It returned in 2022, concluding with the restructured league's inaugural championship, the X Cup, won by the Chicago Blitz.

Since 2021, the league is owned by Mike Ditka, a former National Football League (NFL) player and an inductee of the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Samantha Gordon was also named an owner in May 2022.

They didn't play from 2023-2025, but are scheduled to return in 2026, as a hybrid format of tackle and flag football.
Hilton Cheong-Leen
Hilton Cheong-Leen, CBE, JP (Chinese: 張有興; 6 August 1922 – 4 January 2022) was a Guyana-born Hong Kong politician and businessman. He is the longest uninterrupted serving elected officeholder in Hong Kong history as an elected member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong for 34 years from 1957 to 1991. He was also the first Chinese chairman of the council from 1981 to 1986. He had been a long-time chairman of the Hong Kong Civic Association, one of the two quasi-opposition political groups in the post-war Urban Council. From 1973 to 1979, he was appointed unofficial member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. From 1985 to 1988, he was again among the first elected members of the Legislative Council through Urban Council constituency in the first Legislative Council election in 1985.

Urban Council (constituency)
The Urban Council was an election college created in 1985 Legislative Council election and became one of the functional constituencies between 1991 and 1998 for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, until the Urban Council and Regional Council were abolished in 1999 and replaced by District Council and Catering. The constituency was composed of all members of the Urban Council.
Bleed from Within
Bleed from Within are a Scottish metalcore band from Glasgow, formed in 2005. The band's current lineup consists of lead vocalist Scott Kennedy, drummer Ali Richardson, bassist Davie Provan, lead guitarist Craig Gowans, and rhythm guitarist, clean vocalist Steven Jones. The band has released seven studio albums and three EPs, with their latest Zenith released in 2025 through Nuclear Blast.

Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records is a German record label with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. It was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Donzdorf. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by thrash metal, melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums. It also distributes and promotes post-hardcore/metalcore labels SharpTone Records. Another post-hardcore/metalcore label, Arising Empire, was in Nuclear Blast's portfolio until its acquisition by Kontor New Media in 2020.

In October 2018, French independent label Believe Digital acquired a majority stake in Nuclear Blast.
Lauren Christy
Lauren Christy is a British songwriter and record producer. She began her career as a solo recording artist in the early 1990s before co-founding the production and writing trio the Matrix with Graham Edwards and Scott Spock. The group wrote and produced much of Avril Lavigne's debut album Let Go (2002). Christy and her group were nominated for the Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical, at the 46th Annual Grammy Awards. She won an Ivor Novello Award in 2003.

Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical
The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality non-classical music at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards. Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position".

The award was first presented at the Grammy Awards in 1975. According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards, the award is presented to producers who "represent consistently outstanding creativity in the area of record production". As of 2024, the category is part of the General Field. This is the only category that was presented during the "Premiere Ceremony" and acknowledged during the main ceremony.
Higher gauge theory
In mathematical physics, higher gauge theory is the general study of counterparts of gauge theory that involve higher-degree differential forms instead of the traditional connection 1-forms of Yang-Mills gauge theories.

Yang–Mills theory
Yang–Mills theory is a quantum field theory for nuclear binding devised by Chen Ning Yang and Robert Mills in 1953, as well as a generic term for the class of similar theories. The Yang–Mills theory is a gauge theory based on a special unitary group SU(n), or more generally any compact Lie group. A Yang–Mills theory seeks to describe the behavior of elementary particles using these non-abelian Lie groups and is at the core of the unification of the electromagnetic force and weak forces (i.e. U(1) × SU(2)) as well as quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force (based on SU(3)). Thus it forms the basis of the understanding of the Standard Model of particle physics.