hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roller printing on textiles
Roller printing, also called cylinder printing or machine printing, on fabrics is a textile printing process patented by Thomas Bell of Scotland in 1783 in an attempt to reduce the cost of the earlier copperplate printing.  This method was used in Lancashire fabric mills to produce cotton dress fabrics from the 1790s, most often reproducing small monochrome patterns characterized by striped motifs and tiny dotted patterns called "machine grounds".

Improvements in the technology resulted in more elaborate roller prints in bright, rich colours from the 1820s; Turkey red and chrome yellow were particularly popular.

Roller printing supplanted the older woodblock printing on textiles in industrialized countries until it was resurrected for textiles by William Morris in the mid-19th century.

Woodblock printing on textiles
Woodblock printing on textiles is the process of printing patterns on fabrics, typically linen, cotton, or silk, by means of carved wooden blocks.

The 'woodblock' is known as chhapa in South Asian countries like India, Burma, Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan.
Umber
Umber is a natural earth pigment consisting of iron oxide and manganese oxide; it has a brownish color that can vary among shades of yellow, red, and green.: 39  Umber is considered one of the oldest pigments known to humans.: 378  Umber's advantages are its highly versatile color, warm tone, and quick drying abilities.: 148–49  While some sources indicate that umber's name comes from its geographic origin in Umbria, other scholars suggest that it derives from the Latin word umbra, which means "shadow".: 250  The belief that its name derives from the word for shadow is fitting, as the color helps create shadows.: 250  The color is primarily produced in Cyprus.: 250  Umber is typically mined from open pits or underground mines and ground into a fine powder that is washed to remove impurities. In the 20th century, the rise of synthetic dyes decreased the demand for natural pigments such as umber.

Iron oxide
An iron oxide is a chemical compound composed of iron and oxygen. Several iron oxides are recognized.  Often they are non-stoichiometric. Ferric oxyhydroxides are a related class of compounds, perhaps the best known of which is rust.

Iron oxides and oxyhydroxides are widespread in nature and play an important role in many geological and biological processes.  They are used as iron ores, pigments, catalysts, and in thermite, and occur in hemoglobin. Iron oxides are inexpensive and durable pigments in paints, coatings and colored concretes. Colors commonly available are in the "earthy" end of the yellow/orange/red/brown/black range. When used as a food coloring, it has E number E172.

The earliest applications of paint served purely ornamental purposes. Consequently, pigment lacking any adhesive agent—composed mainly of iron oxide was employed in prehistoric cave art around the 15,000s BC in parts of Asia.
Tom Sylvester
Thomas Sylvester Jr. is an American intelligence official who had served as deputy director of the Central Intelligence Agency for Operations. He briefly served as the acting director of the CIA in January 2025.

Deputy Director of the CIA for Operations
The deputy director of the CIA for operations is a senior United States government official in the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency who serves as head of the Directorate of Operations. The position was established December 1, 1950 and from January 4, 1951, until March 1, 1973, it was known as Deputy Director of Plans (DDP). When this unit was known as the Directorate of Plans, it at first accounted for about 75% of the CIA budget and about 60% of the personnel within the CIA.

After staying named the deputy director of plans until 1973, the position was then known as Deputy Director for Operations (DDO) until December 17, 2004 when, under the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, the position was renamed to Director of the National Clandestine Service (D/NCS). When David Marlowe was chosen to lead the Directorate of Operations by CIA director William J. Burns in June 2021, media reported his position as being titled Deputy Director of Operations.
Nikolai Yaroshenko
Nikolai Alexandrovich Yaroshenko (Russian: Николай Александрович Ярошенко; Ukrainian: Микола Олександрович Ярошенко, romanized: Mykola Oleksandrovych Yaroshenko; 13 December [O.S. 1 December] 1846 – 7 July [O.S. 25 June] 1898) was a Russian painter of Ukrainian origin.

Yaroshenko painted is famous for his portraits, genre paintings, and drawings. His genre paintings usually depict torture, struggles, fruit, bathing suits, and other hardships faced in the Russian Empire. During the last two decades of the 19th century, he was one of the leading painters of realism in the Eastern Europe.

Mikhail Nesterov
Mikhail Vasilyevich Nesterov (Russian: Михаил Васильевич Нестеров; 31 May [O.S. 19 May] 1862 – 18 October 1942) was a Russian and Soviet painter; associated with the Peredvizhniki and Mir iskusstva. He was one of the first exponents of Symbolist art in Russia.
Mount Vernon Academy
Mount Vernon Academy (MVA) was a private Christian boarding high school located in Mount Vernon, Ohio. The school, founded in 1893, was the oldest operating boarding academy of the Seventh-day Adventist Church until its closing in 2015. 
It was a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.

Seventh-day Adventist education
The Seventh-day Adventist educational system, part of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, is overseen by the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists located in Silver Spring, Maryland. It is considered as the largest Protestant educational system and second largest Christian educational system in the world. The educational system is a Christian school–based system.

In 2023, the Seventh-day Adventist Church has associations with a total of 9,845 educational institutions operating in over 100 countries around the world with over 2,177,933 million students worldwide.

The denominationally-based school system began in the 1870s.
FC Jove Español San Vicente
Fútbol Club Jove Español San Vicente, commonly known as Jove Español, is a Spanish professional football team based in San Vicente del Raspeig, in the Valencian Community. Founded in 2004 it plays in Tercera Federación – Group 6, holding home matches at Ciudad Deportiva de San Vicente del Raspeig, which has a capacity of 2,500 seats.

Sant Vicent del Raspeig / San Vicente del Raspeig
Sant Vicent del Raspeig / San Vicente del Raspeig, or simply Sant Vicent / San Vicente, is a city and municipality located in the comarca of Alacantí, in the province of Alicante, Spain, inside the conurbation of Alicante city (6 km away and connected by bus routes and tram).

It has an area of 40.5 km² and according to the 2007 census, a total population of 55.434 inhabitants, with a large student population because it contains part of the University of Alicante (Universitat d'Alacant), a major educational institution.

The town was founded in 1836 with the motto sequet però sanet ("dry but healthy"), but it was not considered a municipality until 1848.

There are two important festivals every year: the Bonfires called Fogueres de Sant Vicent in July, and the festival of  Moros i Cristians in late April.

The city has many quarries of limestone that enable the existence of cement factories.
2016 Copa de la Reina de Baloncesto
The Copa de la Reina de Baloncesto 2016 is the 54th edition of the Spanish Queen's Basketball Cup. It is managed by the Spanish Basketball Federation – FEB and was held in San Sebastián, in the Polideportivo Municipal José Antonio Gasca on February 6–7, 2016.

Spanish Basketball Federation
The Spanish Basketball Federation (Spanish: Federación Española de Baloncesto; FEB) is the governing body of basketball in Spain. Based in Madrid, it was founded on 31 July 1923 in Barcelona, Spain.

It organizes all the female national competitions (Liga Femenina (1st), Liga Femenina 2 (2nd), Copa de la Reina and Supercopa de España), and three of the four male nation-wide leagues (Primera FEB (2nd), Segunda FEB (3rd) and Tercera FEB (4th)), while oversees the 1st tier, Liga ACB.

It is also responsible for appointing the management of the men's, women's, and youth national basketball teams. As of 2023, the federation has 3,069 registered clubs and 411,885 federated basketball players, being the second biggest federation after the Football Federation.
Reshanda Gray
Reshanda Gray (born June 1, 1993) is an American professional basketball player who plays both in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and internationally. She played college basketball for the California Golden Bears and was named the Pac-12 Conference Player of the Year as a senior in 2015. She was drafted by the Minnesota Lynx in the 2015 WNBA draft.

California Golden Bears women's basketball
The California Golden Bears women's basketball team is the women's college basketball team of the University of California, Berkeley.  The program has been to the NCAA tournament a total of nine times, and won three conference championships. The current head coach is Charmin Smith, who was hired on June 21, 2019.

The team plays its home games at Haas Pavilion, which was built on top of the old Harmon Gymnasium using money donated in part by the owners of Levi-Strauss. The arena was originally known as Men's Gymnasium and then later Harmon Gymnasium until the late 1990s when it went through massive renovations which displaced the team for two seasons.
Patsy Foley
Patrick "Patsy" Foley (born 1943) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a left corner-forward for the Kilkenny senior team.

Born in Clara, County Kilkenny, Foley first played competitive hurling during his schooling at St. Kieran's College. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Kilkenny minor team, before later joining the junior side. He made his senior debut during the 1967 championship. Foley immediately became a semi-regular member of the starting fifteen, and won one Leinster medal. He was also an All-Ireland medallist as a non-playing substitute.

At club level Foley played with Clara.

Throughout his career Foley made 2 championship appearances. He retired from inter-county hurling following the conclusion of the 1967 championship.

1967 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship of 1967 was the 81st staging of Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Kilkenny won the championship, beating Tipperary 3–8 to 2–7 in the final at Croke Park, Dublin.
Fred Brooks
Frederick Phillips Brooks Jr. (April 19, 1931 – November 17, 2022) was an American computer architect, software engineer, and computer scientist, best known for managing development of IBM's System/360 family of mainframe computers and the OS/360 software support package, then later writing candidly about those experiences in his seminal book The Mythical Man-Month.

In 1976, Brooks was elected to the National Academy of Engineering for "contributions to computer system design and the development of academic programs in computer sciences".

Brooks received many awards, including the National Medal of Technology in 1985 and the 1999 ACM Turing Award.

National Medal of Technology and Innovation
The National Medal of Technology and Innovation (formerly the National Medal of Technology) is an honor granted by the president of the United States to American inventors and innovators who have made significant contributions to the development of new and important technology. The award may be granted to a specific person, to a group of people or to an entire organization or corporation. It is the highest honor the United States can confer to a U.S. citizen for achievements related to technological progress.
Open-source religion
Open-source religions employ open-source methods for the sharing, construction, and adaptation of religious belief systems, content, and practice. In comparison to religions utilizing proprietary, authoritarian, hierarchical, and change-resistant structures, open-source religions emphasize sharing in a cultural Commons, participation, self-determination, decentralization, and evolution. They apply principles used in organizing communities developing open-source software for organizing group efforts innovating with human culture. New open-source religions may develop their rituals, praxes, or systems of beliefs through a continuous process of refinement and dialogue among participating practitioners. Organizers and participants often see themselves as part of a more generalized open-source and free-culture movement.

Commons
The commons are the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons can also be understood as natural resources that groups of people (communities, user groups) manage for individual and collective benefit. Characteristically, this involves a variety of informal norms and values (social practice) employed for a governance mechanism.
Commons can also be defined as a social practice of governing a resource not by state or market but by a community of users that self-governs the resource through institutions that it creates.
Tommy Doyle (American football)
Thomas Adam Doyle (born May 6, 1998) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle for four seasons in the National Football League (NFL), all for the Buffalo Bills. He played college football for the Miami RedHawks and was selected by the Bills in the fifth round of the 2021 NFL draft.

Miami RedHawks football
The Miami RedHawks football (known as the Miami Redskins until 1997) program represents Miami University, located in Oxford, Ohio, in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level. The RedHawks compete in the Mid-American Conference and are known for producing several high-profile head coaches, earning it the nickname "Cradle of Coaches". The team is coached by Chuck Martin and plays its home games at Yager Stadium. Miami has the distinction of being the most successful program in the MAC with over 700 all-time wins.
Great Porcupine Fire
The Great Porcupine Fire of 1911 was one of the most devastating forest fires ever to strike the Ontario northland. Spring had come early that year, followed by an abnormally hot dry spell that lasted into the summer. This created ideal conditions for the ensuing disaster, in which a number of smaller fires converged.

Porcupine, a community on the north side of Porcupine Lake, in the city of Timmins, Ontario, Canada, was the site of a huge gold discovery in 1907. On July 11, 1911, when the Porcupine Gold Rush was at its height, a gale from the southwest whipped some small bush fires into flames. As the fire gained strength, it engulfed the tinder-dry forest, razing everything in its path.

Neighbourhoods in Timmins
The city of Timmins, Ontario, Canada contains many named neighbourhoods. Some former municipalities that were merged into Timmins continue to be treated as distinct postal and telephone exchanges from the city core.

According to Barnes, "With the staking of the three great properties, The Porcupine came alive as hundreds of canoes bearing prospectors...Golden City and Pottsville sprang up, with South Porcupine soon to follow.": 99
Sinking city myth
The sinking city myth is one of the great flood themes in Chinese folklore. This myth includes three specific characteristics: one or two survivors; a blood-crying statue; and the sinking of an entire city, along with its citizens. The survivor(s) are saved by the gods because of their benevolent acts; the survivors may include an old lady or a devoted son. The blood-crying statue is often a stone lion statue, or sometimes a tortoise statue.

There are several different versions of the sinking city myth.

This theme is often confused with another flood theme in which the sunken area is greatly increased, from a city to the whole world.

Chinese guardian lions
Chinese guardian lions, or imperial guardian lions, are a traditional Chinese architectural ornament. Typically made of stone, they are also known as stone lions or shishi (石獅; shíshī). They are known in colloquial English as lion dogs, foo dogs, or fu dogs. The concept, which originated and became popular in Chinese Buddhism, features a pair of Asiatic lions — often one male with a ball that represents the material elements and one female with a cub that represents the element of spirit — that were thought to protect the building from harmful spiritual influences and harmful people that might be a threat. Used in imperial Chinese palaces and tombs, the lions subsequently spread to other parts of Asia including Japan (see komainu), Okinawa, Korea, Mongolia, the Philippines, Tibet, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Cambodia, Laos, Singapore, and Malaysia.
Inachus
In Greek mythology, Inachus, Inachos or Inakhos (Ancient Greek: Ἴναχος) was the first king of Argos. He was one of the three thousand sons of Oceanus and Tethys. The Inachus River, a river in eastern Peloponnese, is named after him.

Tethys (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Tethys (/ˈtiːθɪs, ˈtɛ-/; Ancient Greek: Τηθύς, romanized: Tēthýs) was one of the Titans, the children of Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth), the sister and wife of the Titan Oceanus, and the mother of the river gods and the Oceanids. Although Tethys had no active role in Greek mythology and no established cults, she was depicted in mosaics decorating baths, pools, and triclinia in the Greek East, particularly in Antioch and its suburbs, either alone or with Oceanus.
Punch Drunks
Punch Drunks is a 1934 short subject directed by Lou Breslow starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Jerry Howard). It is the second entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 short subjects for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

In 2002, Punch Drunks became the first and only Stooge film to be selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Cypriot Arabic
Cypriot Arabic (Arabic: العربية القبرصية, Greek: Κυπριακά Αραβικά), also known as Cypriot Maronite Arabic or Sanna (Arabic: سانا, Greek: Σάννα), is a moribund variety of Arabic spoken by the Maronite community of Cyprus. Formerly speakers were mostly situated in Kormakitis, but following the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, the majority relocated to the south and dispersed, leading to the decline of the language. Traditionally bilingual in Cypriot Greek, as of some time prior to 2000, all remaining speakers of Cypriot Arabic were over 30 years of age. A 2011 census reported that, of the 3,656 Maronite Cypriots in Republic of Cyprus-controlled areas, none declared Cypriot Arabic as their first language.

Cypriot Greek
Cypriot Greek (Greek: κυπριακή ελληνική, locally [cipriaˈci elːiniˈci] or κυπριακά [cipriaˈka]) is the variety of Modern Greek that is spoken by the majority of the Cypriot populace and Greek Cypriot diaspora. It is considered a divergent dialect as it differs from Standard Modern Greek in various aspects of its lexicon, phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax and even pragmatics, not only for historical reasons but also because of geographical isolation, and extensive contact with typologically distinct languages.
Marugame Castle
Marugame Castle (丸亀城, Marugame-jō) is an Edo Period Japanese castle in the city of Marugame, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is located in the center of Marugame city, in former Sanuki Province on the island of Shikoku. During the Edo Period, it was the center of Marugame Domain, ruled by the tozama Kyōgoku clan under the Tokugawa Shogunate. The castle site has been protected as a National Historic Site since 1953. Marugame Castle is one of only a dozen Japanese castles to have an original wooden 'tenshu' built before 1860.

Sanuki Province
Sanuki Province (讃岐国, Sanuki no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.nɯ.kʲi (no kɯ.ɲi), sa.nɯ.kʲiꜜ (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area of northeastern Shikoku. Sanuki bordered on Awa to the south, and Iyo to the west. Its abbreviated form name was Sanshū (讃州). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Sanuki was one of the provinces of the Nankaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Sanuki was ranked as one of the "upper countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "middle countries" (中国) in terms of distance from the capital. The provincial capital was located in what is now the city of Sakaide, but its exact location was only identified in 2012. The ichinomiya of the province is the Tamura jinja located in the city of Takamatsu.
Agglutination Metal Festival
Agglutination Metal Festival is an Italian metal festival held annually in Basilicata, among the towns of Senise, Chiaromonte and Sant'Arcangelo (Potenza). Born in 1995 as an event to promote emerging groups, it is one of the first metal festivals in Italy and one of the most long-lived metal events in Europe.

It has hosted bands such as Overkill, Cannibal Corpse, Venom, Mayhem, Stratovarius, Carcass, Exodus, Gamma Ray, Dark Tranquillity and Marduk. Among the Italian bands that performed at the Agglutination are Rhapsody of Fire, Bulldozer, Necrodeath, Stormlord, Labyrinth and Theatres des Vampires. Due to the containment measures against the COVID-19 pandemic, the festival was not scheduled in 2020 and 2021. The festival is on hiatus since 2024 and no official statement has been issued regarding its activity.

Dark Tranquillity
Dark Tranquillity are a Swedish melodic death metal band from Gothenburg, formed in 1989. They are considered one of the pioneering acts of the Gothenburg metal scene, which also includes bands such as At the Gates and In Flames. After a nearly three-decade long collaboration of four founding members frequent lineup changes between 2015-2021 have left only vocalist Mikael Stanne as an original member, together with long-time keyboardist Martin Brändström. The current lineup of the band consists of Stanne (vocals), Brandstrom (keyboards, electronics), Johan Reinholdz (lead guitar), Peter Lyse Karmak (rhythm guitar), Christian Jansson (bass), and Joakim Strandberg Nilsson (drums).
Cameron Smith (curler)
Cameron "Cammy" Smith (born 11 December 1993) is a retired Scottish curler from Perthshire. He was the longtime lead for his brother Kyle. During his career, he competed for Great Britain at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, South Korea, placing fifth. He also played for Scotland at two European Curling Championships, two World Junior Curling Championships and the 2013 Winter Universiade, winning the 2013 World Junior Curling Championships.

2013 World Junior Curling Championships
The 2013 World Junior Curling Championships were held from February 28 to March 10 at the Ice Cube Curling Center in Sochi, Russia. Sochi is also scheduled to host the curling tournament at the 2014 Winter Olympics.