hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Plasma acceleration
Plasma acceleration is a technique for accelerating charged particles, such as electrons or ions, using the electric field associated with an electron plasma wave or other high-gradient plasma structures. These structures are created using either ultra-short laser pulses or energetic particle beams that are matched to the plasma parameters. The technique offers a way to build affordable and compact particle accelerators.

Fully developed, the technology could replace many of the traditional accelerators with applications ranging from high energy physics to medical and industrial applications. Medical applications include betatron and free-electron light sources for diagnostics or radiation therapy and proton sources for hadron therapy.

Particle therapy
Particle therapy is a form of external beam radiotherapy using beams of energetic neutrons, protons, or other heavier positive ions for cancer treatment. The most common type of particle therapy as of August 2021 is proton therapy.

In contrast to X-rays (photon beams) used in older radiotherapy, particle beams exhibit a Bragg peak in energy loss through the body, delivering their maximum radiation dose at or near the tumor and minimizing damage to surrounding normal tissues.

Particle therapy is also referred to more technically as hadron therapy, excluding photon and electron therapy. Neutron capture therapy, which depends on a secondary nuclear reaction, is also not considered here. Muon therapy, a rare type of particle therapy not within the categories above, has also been studied theoretically; however, muons are still most commonly used for imaging, rather than therapy.
Soviet air show
In the life of Soviet Union, air shows were a highly regarded type of parade, almost always of military nature. They happened on various occasions and anniversaries, in many locations across the country. A notable air show was the Tushino Air Show held annually in August.

Military parade
A military parade is a formation of military personnels whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as drill or marching. Large military parades are today held on major holidays and military events around the world. Massed parades may also hold a role for propaganda purposes, being used to exhibit the apparent military strength of a country.
Harlene Hayne
Vada Harlene Hayne CNZM (born 1961 or 1962) is an American-born academic administrator who was the vice-chancellor and a professor of psychology at the University of Otago in New Zealand, before moving to Western Australia to take up the position of vice-chancellor at Curtin University in April 2021.

She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand in 2002, and is also a fellow of the Association for Psychological Science.  She was recipient of the Robert L. Fantz Memorial Award from the American Psychological Foundation in 1997.

She was the first female vice-chancellor of the University of Otago, and served in the role from 2011 to 2021.

Royal Society of New Zealand
The Royal Society of New Zealand, branded as the Royal Society Te Apārangi, is a not-for-profit body in New Zealand providing funding and policy advice in the fields of sciences and the humanities. These fundings (i.e., Marsden grants and research fellowships) are provided on behalf of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Orson, Pennsylvania
Orson is a village in Preston Township, Pennsylvania, United States, situated in the Lake Region of the Poconos. It was once an important depot of the Scranton Division of the New York, Ontario & Western (O&W) Railway, but today, when it is known outside of its immediate vicinity, it is largely for being the site of the intersection of two state roads, Belmont Turnpike (partially concurrent with Pennsylvania Route 670, or PA-670) and Crosstown Highway (entirely concurrent with PA-370), or as the location of Independent Lake Camp (ILC), since ILC's reputation and commercial reach, like those of most rural American summer camps, extend beyond the community in which the camp is physically located.

Local government in Pennsylvania
Local government in Pennsylvania is government below the state level in Pennsylvania. There are six types of local governments listed in the Pennsylvania Constitution: county, township, borough, town, city, and school district. All of Pennsylvania is included in one of the state's 67 counties, which are in total subdivided into 2,560 municipalities. There are currently no independent cities or unincorporated territories within Pennsylvania. There is only one incorporated town in Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg.
Ambrose Olutayo Somide
Ambrose Olutayo Somide Listenⓘ is a Nigerian TV/Radio presenter. He studied Urban and Regional Planning at the University of Ife (now called Obafemi Awolowo University) in Ife, Nigeria. Somide works as Managing Director Radio Services at DAAR Communications Plc (DCP) and is the originator of Faaji FM.

Radio personality
A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host (North American English), radio presenter (British English) or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or "DJs" for short. Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and satellite radio program hosts, and non-host contributors to radio programs, such as reporter
Khal, Upper Dir
Khal is an administrative subdivision Tehsil of Upper Dir District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Upper Dir is administratively subdivided into six tehsils which contain a total of 28 Union Councils. Upper Dir is represented in the National Assembly and Provincial Assembly by one elected MNA and three elected MPAs respectively.

Upper Dir District
Upper Dir District (Pashto: پورتنۍ دیر ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع دیر بالا) is a district located in the Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The city of Dir is its district headquarter. Geographically, it is located in the northern part of Pakistan. It borders with the Chitral district on the north, Afghanistan on the northwest, the Swat district on the east, and the Lower Dir district on the south. The District shares a 40 kilometer to 50 kilometer-grlong border with Afghanistan.
Manchego cuisine
Manchego cuisine (Manchegan cuisine or Castilian-Manchego cuisine) refers to the typical dishes and ingredients in the cuisine of the Castilla–La Mancha region of Spain. These include pisto (a vegetable stew with tomato sauce), gazpacho manchego, Manchego cheese, the white wine of La Mancha, and the red wine from Valdepeñas (DO).

The dishes and specialties of the region are generally sober and sensible, reflecting a modest, rural origin. They contain a limited number of ingredients that tend to be those most easily accessible by the locals. Dishes tend to be high in calories, ideal for the diets of laborers, farmers, and shepherds. The cuisine of this area was popularized by Miguel de Cervantes in his early-17th-century novel Don Quixote, in which a number of traditional dishes are mentioned.

Valdepeñas (DO)
Valdepeñas is a Spanish Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) for wines located in the province of Ciudad Real in the south of Castile-La Mancha (Spain). It is almost completely surrounded by another DOP (La Mancha) but is an independent DOP due to its long history of producing a distinct style of wine known aloque or clarete which is made by mixing white and red grapes. 2016´s harvest is formed from 55.9 million kilograms of red grapes and 43.2 million kilograms of white grapes.

Valdepeñas is a natural crossroads between the south of Spain, the Mediterranean regions to the east, Extremadura to the west and central plains to the north. To the south of the DOP is the Sierra Morena range a natural frontier with Andalusia, and to the east and west there are mountains reaching a height of 1000 m. The most prized vineyards are in Los Llanos in the west and in Las Aberturas in the north. The total area planted to vines is 22,332.11 ha (2016).
Xou da Xuxa Seis
Xou da Xuxa Seis (English: Xuxa's Show Six) is the ninth studio album by Brazilian recording artist Xuxa Meneghel, released on September 12, 1991, by Som Livre. This album was the sixth album in the "Xou da Xuxa" collection, which totals seven. In this album are included songs like "O Xou da Xuxa Começou", "Novo Planeta" and "Hoje é Dia de Folia". The album sold more than 1 million copies.

Som Livre
Som Livre (Portuguese for "Free Sound") is a Brazilian record company that was founded in March 1969 in order to commercialize the soundtracks for TV Globo (its then parent company) soap operas and later expanded to recording studio albums.

Today, Som Livre is Brazil's largest domestic label and was formerly part of Grupo Globo, which is the biggest media conglomerate in Brazil. In November 2020, Globo placed the label up for sale. In April 2021, it was acquired by Sony Music Entertainment (initially for an undisclosed amount, later revealed to be USD 255 million). The sale was approved by the national competition regulator Cade on 4 November 2021 and was completed on 4 March 2022.
Ballygall
Ballygall (Irish: Baile na nGall, meaning 'townland (baile) of the foreigners') is a small suburban area located between Glasnevin and Finglas, on the northside of the city of Dublin, Ireland. It is also a townland divided between the civil parish of Finglas and that of Glasnevin. It was settled by Vikings in the 11th century, and later by the Cambro-Normans.

The area is largely residential, with St Kevin's College, some shops, and a church and schools.

Glasnevin
Glasnevin (Irish: Glas Naíon, meaning 'stream of the infants', also known as Glas Naedhe, meaning "stream of O'Naeidhe" after a local stream and an ancient chieftain) is a neighbourhood of Dublin, Ireland, situated on the River Tolka. While primarily residential, Glasnevin is also home to the National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin Cemetery, the National Meteorological Office, and a range of other state bodies, and Dublin City University has its main campus and other facilities in and near the area. Glasnevin is also a civil parish in the ancient barony of Coolock.
Wahle-Laird House
The Wahle-Laird House is a Classical Revival home built in 1904 in Marshfield, Wisconsin by Dr. Henry Wahle. It was later the boyhood home of Melvin Laird, U.S. Senator and Secretary of Defense, among others.

Melvin Laird
Melvin Robert Laird Jr. (September 1, 1922 – November 16, 2016) was an American politician, writer and statesman. A member of the Republican Party, he served a member of the United States House of Representatives from Wisconsin from 1953 to 1969 representing Wisconsin's 7th congressional district before serving as United States Secretary of Defense from 1969 to 1973 under President Richard Nixon. Laird was instrumental in forming the administration's policy of withdrawing U.S. soldiers from the Vietnam War; he coined the expression "Vietnamization," referring to the process of transferring more responsibility for combat to the South Vietnamese forces. First elected in 1952, Laird was the last living former U.S. representative elected to the 83rd Congress at the time of his death and the last living representative to have served during the presidency of Harry Truman.
Penelope L. King
Penelope King uses geochemistry and cosmochemistry to study planetary processes to better understand past and future planetary environments, and what this information may tells us about climate change. She is a professor at the Australian National University (ANU) in the Research School of Earth Sciences (RSES). King holds many awards, including Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and the Mineralogical Society of America in 2019, and winning the AGU Joanne Simpson Medal for Mid-Career Scientists the same year. She currently leads a research group examining surface and interior processes on planetary bodies.

American Geophysical Union
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization of Earth, atmospheric, ocean, hydrologic, space, and planetary scientists and enthusiasts that according to their website includes 130,000 people (not members). AGU's activities are focused on the organization and dissemination of scientific information in the interdisciplinary and international fields within the Earth and space sciences. The geophysical sciences involve four fundamental areas: atmospheric and ocean sciences; solid-Earth sciences; hydrologic sciences; and space sciences. The organization's headquarters is located on Florida Avenue in Washington, D.C.
Brian James (rugby league)
Brian Knight James (9 April 1943 – 10 January 2020) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s. A national and state representative, he played in the 1968 Rugby League World Cup-winning team for Australia as a winger.  His club career was played at centre for the St. George Dragons and on the wing for the South Sydney Rabbitohs.

New South Wales rugby league team
The New South Wales rugby league team has represented the Australian state of New South Wales in rugby league football since the sport's beginnings there in 1907. Also known as the Blues due to their sky blue jerseys, the team competes in the annual State of Origin series against Queensland. The team is currently coached by Laurie Daley and captained by Isaah Yeo, and is administered by the New South Wales Rugby League.

Prior to 1980 when the "state of origin" selection criteria was introduced, the New South Wales team, in addition to playing annually against Queensland, played matches against foreign touring sides and occasionally toured overseas themselves. Their home stadium is  Accor Stadium in Sydney, the largest stadium in the state, having been constructed for the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Du Bois singularity
In algebraic geometry,  Du Bois singularities are singularities of complex varieties studied by Du Bois.

Schwede gave the following characterisation of Du Bois singularities. Suppose that  is a reduced closed subscheme of a smooth scheme .

Take a log resolution  of  in  that is an isomorphism outside , and let  be the reduced preimage of  in . Then  has Du Bois singularities if and only if the induced map  is a quasi-isomorphism.

Glossary of algebraic geometry
This is a glossary of algebraic geometry.

See also glossary of commutative algebra, glossary of classical algebraic geometry, and glossary of ring theory. For the number-theoretic applications, see glossary of arithmetic and Diophantine geometry.

For simplicity, a reference to the base scheme is often omitted; i.e., a scheme will be a scheme over some fixed base scheme S and a morphism an S-morphism.
Ricardo Pereira (footballer, born 1993)
Ricardo Domingos Barbosa Pereira (born 6 October 1993) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a right-back for and captains EFL Championship club Leicester City.

After starting out at Vitória de Guimarães – winning the 2013 Taça de Portugal and being the competition's top scorer in the process – he signed with Porto, being part of the squad that won the 2017–18 Primeira Liga but also spending two years on loan to French club Nice. In May 2018, he joined Leicester City for €25 million, going on to win three trophies including the 2020–21 FA Cup and the 2021 FA Community Shield.

A senior international since 2015, Pereira represented Portugal at the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

2020–21 FA Cup
The 2020–21 FA Cup was the 140th edition of the oldest football tournament in the world, the Football Association Challenge Cup. It was sponsored by Emirates and known as the Emirates FA Cup for sponsorship purposes. The winners qualified for the 2021–22 UEFA Europa League group stage.

Premier League side Arsenal were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the fourth round by Southampton.

Leicester City beat Chelsea 1–0 in the final to win their first FA Cup, having been runners-up on four previous occasions.
Srđan Bajčetić
Srđan Bajčetić (Serbian Cyrillic: Срђан Бајчетић; born 7 November 1971) is a Serbian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder and the current manager of Celta C - Gran Peña. During his career he played with FK Vojvodina, Celta de Vigo, Red Star Belgrade, S.C. Braga, Dalian Shide and Hunan Shoking.

Gran Peña FC
Gran Peña Fútbol Club is a Spanish football club based in the parish of Lavadores, Vigo, in the autonomous community of Galicia. Founded in 1926 it currently plays in Tercera Federación – Group 1, holding home games at Municipal de Barreiro, with a 4,500-seat capacity.
Friedrich Rainer
Friedrich W. Rainer (28 July 1903 – November 1950) was an Austrian Nazi Party politician, Gauleiter as well as a Reichsstatthalter of Salzburg and Carinthia. He is the only Austrian governor who has ever held the same office in two separate states.

Gauleiter
A Gauleiter (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʊlaɪtɐ] ⓘ) was a regional leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) who served as the head of a Gau or Reichsgau. Gauleiter was the third-highest rank in the Nazi political leadership, subordinate only to Reichsleiter and to the Führer himself. The position was effectively abolished with the fall of the Nazi regime on 8 May 1945.
Coke Studio (Indian TV program)
Coke Studio is an Indian music series that's part of the international franchise, Coke Studio. It features live studio recordings by various artists, showcasing a diverse range of music. This includes classical genres from the Indian subcontinent like Hindustani, Carnatic, Indian folk, alongside hip hop, rock, and pop music.

Launched in India in 2011 as Coke Studio @ MTV, the program enjoyed a successful run for four seasons, culminating in 2015. Currently, India boasts two active editions: Coke Studio Tamil and Coke Studio Bharat. The program's concept originated in Brazil and has subsequently expanded its reach worldwide.

Coke Studio Bharat
Coke Studio Bharat is an Indian music series that's part of the international franchise, Coke Studio. It features live studio recordings by various artists, showcasing a diverse range of music. This includes classical genres from India like Hindustani, Carnatic, Indian folk, alongside hip hop, rock, and pop music.

The first season premiered on 7 February 2023, and concluded its run on 9 October 2023. Ankur Tewari helmed the curation, alongside the collaboration of poet and lyricist Kausar Munir and music producer K. J. Singh. The second season began airing on 9 February 2024. Ankur Tewari serves as the season's curator, while music supervision is handled by Universal Music India. The first track of Season 3 dropped on 21 February 2025, following the departure of ‘creative architect’ and curator Ankur Tewari after the first two seasons; the A&R team at Universal Music India took over the curation of Season 3.
2016–17 Cameroonian protests
The 2016–2017 Cameroonian protests (later known as the Coffin Revolution) were a series of protests that occurred following the appointment of Francophone judges in English-speaking areas of the Republic of Cameroon. In October 2016, protests began in two primarily English-speaking regions: the Northwest Region and the Southwest Region.

On November 23, 2016, it was reported that at least two people were killed and 100 protesters were arrested in Bamenda, a city in the Northwest Region. In September 2017, the protests and the government's response to them escalated into an armed conflict between pro-Ambazonia factions and the Cameroonian government.

Bamenda
Bamenda, also known as Abakwa and Mankon Town, is a city in northwestern Cameroon and capital of the Northwest Region. The city has a population of about six hundred thousand people and is located 366 km (227 mi) north-west of the Cameroonian capital, Yaoundé. Bamenda is known for its cool climate and scenic hilly location.
Langley Rams
The Langley Rams (formerly the South Surrey Rams and Big Kahuna Rams) are a Canadian junior football team based in Langley, British Columbia. The Rams play in the seven-team B.C. Football Conference, which itself is part of the Canadian Junior Football League (CJFL) and competes annually for the national title known as the Canadian Bowl.

Canadian Bowl
The Canadian Bowl is the championship of the Canadian Junior Football League. The three conference champions participate in the playdowns for the championship. One champion receives a bye to the game, while the other two play off in the Jostens Cup. The bye rotates among the three conferences. The 2025 champions are the Saskatoon Hilltops who have also won the most championships with 24 Canadian Bowl victories.
Candela Peña
María del Pilar Peña Sánchez (born 14 July 1973), professionally known as Candela Peña, is a Spanish actress. Since her film debut in the 1994 thriller Running Out of Time, she has had a lengthy film career.  She won the Goya Award for Best Actress for her performance in Princesses (2005) whereas she won the Goya Award for Best Supporting Actress for Take My Eyes (2003) and A Gun in Each Hand (2012).

Take My Eyes
Take My Eyes (Spanish: Te Doy Mis Ojos, lit. 'I Give You My Eyes') is a 2003 Spanish drama film directed and co-written by Icíar Bollaín, starring Laia Marull and Luis Tosar. Critically acclaimed for its unclichéd treatment of domestic violence, it won seven Goya Awards in 2004, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Lead Actor, Best Lead Actress, and Best Supporting Actress. Shooting locations included Toledo.
Roberto Romano
Roberto Romano (born October 26, 1962) is a Canadian-born Italian former ice hockey goaltender. He played 126 games in the National Hockey League with the Pittsburgh Penguins and Boston Bruins between 1982 and 1994. He also played several years in the Italian Serie A. Internationally Romano played for the Italian national team at the 1992 World Championships.

Italy men's national ice hockey team
The Italian men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Italy, and is controlled by the Federazione Italiana Sport del Ghiaccio (FISG), a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.
Rico Henry
Rico Antonio Henry (born 8 July 1997) is a professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Premier League club Brentford. Born in England, he plays for the Jamaica national team.

Henry is a product of the Walsall academy and began his senior career with the club. He transferred to Brentford in 2016 and passed 200 appearances for the club in August 2023. Born in England and of Jamaican descent, he represented England at youth international level, before making his senior debut for the Jamaica national team in 2025.

Walsall F.C. Youth and Reserves
Walsall Football Club in England are represented at Reserve and Youth team level by the Walsall Development Squad and Walsall Academy. The Development Squad currently compete in the Central League North-West Division and the academy team compete in the Youth Alliance North-West Division.

Both teams play the majority of their home games at the Birmingham County FA Headquarters at Ray Hall Lane in Perry Barr, although some games are played at the senior side's Bescot Stadium home.

The Development Squad is currently managed by Miguel Llera and the academy side by Kyle Kirby. The make up of both sides is usually very similar, with Walsall's Academy side joining more experienced first team players on the fringes of the EFL League Two matchday squad and those who are returning from injury, in the majority of Development Squad fixtures.

Walsall Development Squad also compete in the Birmingham Senior Cup and Walsall Senior Cup, winning each competition on a number of occasions.