hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rudy Hubbard
Rudy Hubbard (born 1946) is an American former football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Florida A&M University (FAMU) in Tallahassee, Florida from 1974 to 1985, compiling a record of 83–48–3. Hubbard led the Florida A&M Rattlers to the inaugural NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship, in 1978, and consecutive black college football national championships, in 1977 and 1978. Hubbard played college football at Ohio State University, lettering from 1965 to 1967. Following his graduation from Ohio State in 1968, he remained with the Buckeyes for six seasons as an assistant coach under Woody Hayes. In 2008, Hubbard returned to coaching the high school level, serving as head football coach at James S. Rickards High School in Tallahassee for four seasons.

Hubbard was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2021.

Florida A&M University
Florida A&M University (FAMU), is a public historically black land-grant university in Tallahassee, Florida, United States. Founded in 1887, it is the third-largest historically black university in the US by enrollment and the only public historically black university in Florida. It is a member of the State University System of Florida and is accredited to award baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral degrees by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

Florida A&M sports teams are known as the Rattlers, and compete in Division I of the NCAA.  They are a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC).
1771 Torghut migration
The Torghut migration or Kalmyk exodus to Dzungaria (also known as the 'Dusty trek' or the 'Torgutsky trek') was a mass migration in 1771 of the Kalmyk people, primarily Torghuts, from the Volga River region of the Russian Empire to the Dzungaria region in the Qing dynasty.

During the final conquest of Dzungaria, the Dzungar genocide resulted in the death of around 400,000 Dzungar Mongolians, or about 70% to 80% of the Dzungar population, perishing from warfare and disease. This led to the emergence of refugees in the Kalmyk Khanate, who advocated for the restoration of the Dzungar Khanate.

Kalmyk Khanate
The Kalmyk Khanate (Kalmyk: Хальмг хана улс, Xal'mg xana uls) was an Oirat Mongol khanate on the Eurasian steppe. It extended over modern Kalmykia and surrounding areas in the North Caucasus, including Stavropol, Astrakhan and Aktobe of Kazakhstan. During their independence, the Kalmyks both raided and allied with Russia in turn, engaging in numerous military expeditions against the Crimean Tatars, the Ottoman Empire, neighboring Muslim tribes, and the highlanders of the North Caucasus. The Khanate was annexed by the Russian Empire in 1771.
James T. Maxfield
James T. Maxfield (March 7, 1827 – May 29, 1878) was an American politician who served as the 16th mayor of Saint Paul, Minnesota, from 1869 to 1870 and as the 19th mayor of Saint Paul from 1875 until his death in 1878. He previously served in the Indiana General Assembly from 1852 to 1853.

Indiana General Assembly
The Indiana General Assembly is the state legislature, or legislative branch, of the U.S. state of Indiana. It is a bicameral legislature that consists of a lower house, the Indiana House of Representatives, and an upper house, the Indiana Senate. The General Assembly meets annually at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis.

Members of the General Assembly are elected from districts that are realigned every ten years. Representatives serve terms of two years and senators serve terms of four years. Both houses can create bills, but bills must pass both houses before they can be submitted to the governor and enacted into law.

As of 2024, the Republican Party holds supermajorities in both chambers of the General Assembly. Republicans outnumber Democrats in the Senate by a 40–10 margin, and in the House of Representatives by a 70–30 margin.
Siege of Wark (1138)
The siege of Wark is a 1138 siege of Wark on Tweed Castle (Wark castle) conducted from May–November by Scottish forces under David I against the defending English garrison. The siege was part of a campaign launched by David in support of his niece, the Empress Matilda, and her claim to the English throne over that of Stephen of Blois who had seized the throne in 1135. The invasion followed a similar campaign in 1136 when David had succeeded in gaining control of Cumberland, and raids launched in 1137 and earlier in 1138.

Despite David's defeat at the battle of the Standard in August 1138, the siege continued and the castle fell in November after the abbot of Rievaulx negotiated a surrender allowing the starved defenders to leave honourably with their arms. The fall of Wark contributed to Stephen being forced to cede control of Northumberland to David in 1139. Cumberland and Northumberland would both remain under Scottish control until after David's death in 1153.

Abbot of Rievaulx
The Abbot of Rievaulx was the head of the Cistercian monastic community of Rievaulx Abbey, founded in 1131 by Walter l'Espec in North Yorkshire, northern England. The Abbots of Rievaulx were amongst the most powerful Christian leaders in northern England until the dissolution of the monastery by Henry VIII of England in 1538.
Emperor Norton Records
Emperor Norton Records was a Los Angeles-based electronica, hip-hop, and dance-music record label.  Among the artists featured on the label were Ladytron, Arling & Cameron, Money Mark, Ugly Duckling, Phaser, and Fantastic Plastic Machine.  Additionally, it released the soundtracks to movies including Lost in Translation, CQ  and The Virgin Suicides.

The company was named after Joshua A. Norton, a San Francisco citizen noted for proclaiming himself Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico in 1859. The record label was founded by Peter Getty (grandson of the late billionaire J. Paul Getty), and the company was purchased by Rykodisc in 2004 and was then acrimoniously shut down later that year, with Rykodisc inheriting its back-catalog.

On March 23, 2006, it was announced that Warner Music Group acquired the Ryko Corporation for $67.5 million.

Ugly Duckling (hip-hop group)
Ugly Duckling is an American hip-hop group that formed around 1993. Ugly Duckling's members include Dizzy Dustin (Dustin McFarland), Young Einstein (Rodney Pleasant Jr.) and Andy Cooper. The band decided to take the name Ugly Duckling because they felt like outcasts in the hip-hop scene of the mid-1990s. According to the book How to Rap: the Art & Science of the Hip-Hop MC, it is one of the most prominent underground hip-hop groups.
Magnetosphere
In astronomy and planetary science, a magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object, such as a planet or other object, in which charged particles are affected by that object's magnetic field. It is created by a celestial body with an active interior dynamo.

In the space environment close to a planetary body with a dipole magnetic field such as Earth, the field lines resemble a simple magnetic dipole. Farther out, field lines can be significantly distorted by the flow of electrically conducting plasma, as emitted from the Sun (i.e., the solar wind) or a nearby star. Planets having active magnetospheres, like the Earth, are capable of mitigating or blocking the effects of solar radiation or cosmic radiation. Interactions of particles and atmospheres with magnetospheres are studied under the specialized scientific subjects of plasma physics, space physics, and aeronomy.

Astronomical object
An astronomical object, celestial object, stellar object or heavenly object is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists within the universe. In astronomy, the terms object and body are often used interchangeably. However, an astronomical body, celestial body or heavenly body is a single, tightly bound, contiguous physical object, while an astronomical or celestial object admits a more complex, less cohesively bound structure, which may consist of multiple bodies or even other objects with substructures.

Examples of astronomical objects include planetary systems, star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, while asteroids, moons, planets, and stars are astronomical bodies. A comet may be identified as both a body and an object: It is a body when referring to the frozen nucleus of ice and dust, and an object when describing the entire comet with its diffuse coma and tail.
Mattias Norlinder
Mattias Norlinder (born 12 April 2000) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for Brynäs IF of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He was selected in the third round, 64th overall, by the Montreal Canadiens in the 2019 NHL entry draft.

Brynäs IF
Brynäs IF is a Swedish professional ice hockey team from Gävle. The club currently plays in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL), promoted from the HockeyAllsvenskan, the second tier of ice hockey in Sweden, following the 2023–24 season. The club played in the top-tier Swedish league from 1960 to 2023 (1960-75 called Division I, 1975-2023 called the SHL), a total of 63 seasons, longer than any other Swedish club, before suffering relegation for the first time in franchise history at the conclusion of the 2022–23 season. They have won the Swedish championship 13 times, second only to Djurgården with 16 wins. In the 2023/2024 Hockeyallsvenskan season Brynäs won promotion back to the SHL after beating Djurgården 4-0 in the final.
Eucalyptus × brachyphylla
Eucalyptus × brachyphylla is a mallee or small tree that is endemic to a small area in Western Australia. It has rough bark near the base of the trunk, smooth greyish bark above, egg-shaped to elliptic adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven in leaf axils, white flowers and conical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
5-Methyl-MDA
5-Methyl-MDA, also known as 5-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, is an entactogen and psychedelic designer drug of the amphetamine class. It is a ring-methylated homologue of MDA and a structural isomer of MDMA.

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine
3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) is an entactogen, stimulant, and psychedelic drug of the amphetamine and MDxx families that is encountered mainly as a recreational drug. It is usually taken orally.

In terms of its pharmacology, MDA is a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA) and a serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. It has a duration of 5 to 8 hours or around 6 hours typically.

MDA has a long history of psychotherapeutic and recreational use that predates that of MDMA, dating back to at least the mid-1960s. It has been described as the first entactogen. MDA has also been described as probably the most popular analogue of MDMA. In most countries, the drug is a controlled substance and its possession and sale are illegal.
Ebony, Kent
Ebony is a hamlet in the civil parish of Stone-cum-Ebony, in the Ashford district, in the county of Kent, England. It is on the Isle of Oxney, south of Ashford. EBONY (St. Mary), is a parish, in the union of Tenterden, partly in the hundred of Tenterden, Lower division of the lathe of Scray, W. division, but chiefly in the hundred of Oxney, lathe of Shepway, E. division, of Kent, 4 miles (S. E.) from Tenterden.

The place-name 'Ebony' is first attested in a Saxon charter of 833, where it appears as Ebbanea. The name means 'Ebba's or Ybba's stream'.

In 1891 the parish had a population of 174. In 1894 the parish was abolished and merged with Stone to form "Stone cum Ebony", part also went to Tenterden.

Isle of Oxney
Isle of Oxney is an area in Kent, England, close to the boundary with East Sussex.

Up to the 13th century, the island was part of the coastline bordering what is now the Romney Marsh. As that silted up, and until the later 17th century, the River Rother which enters the sea beyond Rye and flowed across Kent in a west–east direction, was in a channel to the north of the island. By the late 17th century, the river had changed its course to the south. The construction of the Royal Military Canal helped drain the remaining land connecting Oxney to the rest of Kent. Today the former sea and river channels are low-lying land, leaving the erstwhile island as high ground, but still retaining its name.

Places on the Isle of Oxney include Wittersham, Stone in Oxney and Stone-cum-Ebony.
Ahmad Hafiz Said
Ahmad Hafiz bin Said (born 13 January 1989) is a Bruneian footballer who plays as a defender for Jerudong FC of the Brunei Super League. He appeared twice for the Brunei national football team in 2008, at the age of 19. He is the younger brother of Shah Razen Said, Amalul Said and the elder brother of Adi Said and Hakeme Yazid Said; all five are Brunei international footballers.

Jerudong FC
Jerudong Football Club (Malay: Kelab Bola Sepak Jerudong) is a Bruneian professional football club that last competed in the Brunei Super League. With almost 30 years of service, the club has experienced its fair share of highs and lows while competing in the various leagues.

The club has worked to get better with every win and especially with every loss, starting with the early days of the Brunei-Muara District League and continuing through the current Brunei Super League. Which is not surprising given that their team manager, Jalaludin Ghazali, has always been the club's motivating drive and brings an equal amount of tenacity to winning. The club has continued to develop young players of the greatest caliber thanks to its very high standards in training and organization.
2022 Islington London Borough Council election
The 2022 Islington London Borough Council election took place on 5 May 2022. All 51 members of Islington London Borough Council were to be elected. The elections took place alongside local elections in the other London boroughs and elections to local authorities across the United Kingdom.

In the previous election in 2018, the Labour Party maintained its control of the council, winning 47 out of the 48 seats with the Green Party providing the only opposition councillor, Caroline Russell. The 2022 election took place under new election boundaries, with an increase in the number of councillors to 51.

Caroline Russell
Caroline  Russell (born 10 August 1962) is a British politician and activist serving as Leader of the Green Party in the London Assembly since October 2018, and a Member of the London Assembly (AM) for Londonwide since May 2016.
Sello Dithebe
Sello Leon Dithebe is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2000 to 2004 and from 2005 to 2009. He is a former Provincial Secretary of the ANC's Free State branch and in 2023 was appointed as spokesman to the Premier of the Free State, Mxolisi Dukwana.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
Eye on the Ball
Eye on the Ball is a 2019 Malaysian sports documentary film. It tells the true story of Malaysia's national blind football team, and their journey in the 2017 ASEAN Para Games. It was released at Astro First on 20 August 2020.

2017 ASEAN Para Games
The 2017 ASEAN Para Games (Malay: Sukan Para ASEAN 2017), officially known as the 9th ASEAN Para Games (Malay: Sukan Para ASEAN ke-9), was a Southeast Asian disabled multi-sport event held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 17 days after the 2017 Southeast Asian Games from 17 to 23 September 2017. This was the third time Malaysia host the ASEAN Para Games and its first time since 2009. Previously, Malaysia also hosted the inaugural games in 2001.

Around 1452 athletes participated at the event, which featured 369 events in 16 sports. It was opened by the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Najib Razak at the Bukit Jalil National Stadium.

The final medal tally was led by Indonesia, followed by host Malaysia and Thailand, while East Timor won its first ever ASEAN Para Games gold medals.
Elobey Grande
Elobey Grande, or Great Elobey, is an island of Equatorial Guinea, lying at the mouth of the Mitémélé River. It is sparsely inhabited. Elobey Chico is a smaller island offshore, now uninhabited but once the colonial capital of the Río Muni. The island is located in the Gulf of Guinea.

Elobey Chico
Elobey Chico, or Little Elobey, is a small island off the coast of Equatorial Guinea, lying 6.5 km from the mouth of the Mitémélé River. The island is now uninhabited but was once the de facto colonial capital of the Spanish territory of Río Muni. Officially, the island was associated with Fernando Pó, but the connection seemed to be little more than fiction. The majority of the factories were owned by Hamburg Merchants.

The island is on the 1st degree north latitude circle.
Sabir Hussain Qaimkhani
Sabir Hussain Qaimkhani (Urdu: صابر حسین قائم خانی; born 1 August 1970) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 till August 2023. Previously he was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from May 2013 to May 2018.

Provincial Assembly of Sindh
The Provincial Assembly of Sindh is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives of the Pakistani province of Sindh, and is located in Karachi, its provincial capital. It was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan having a total of 168 seats, with 130 general seats, 29 seats reserved for women and 9 seats reserved for non-Muslims.

There was previously a Sind Legislative Assembly in the 
Sind Province of British India and in the early years of the state of Pakistan.
Station Six-Sahara
Station Six-Sahara is a 1963 British-West German drama film directed by Seth Holt and starring Carroll Baker, Peter van Eyck and Ian Bannen. It is a remake of the 1938 film S.O.S. Sahara, which had been based on a play by Jean Martet.

Peter van Eyck
Peter van Eyck (born Götz Walter Wolfgang von Eick; 16 July 1911 – 15 July 1969) was a German and American actor. Born in Prussian Pomerania, he moved to the United States in the 1930s and established a career as a character actor. After World War II, he returned to his native country and became a leading man in West German cinema.

Internationally, his best known roles included The Wages of Fear (1953), Mr. Arkadin (1955), The Longest Day (1962), The Spy Who Came In from the Cold (1965), and the 1960s Dr. Mabuse films. He was twice nominated for the German Film Award for Best Actor, for Blind Justice (1961) and for The River Line (1964).
AB Aani CD
AB Aani CD (transl. AB and CD) is a 2020 Indian Marathi-language comedy film directed by Milind Lele, produced by Abhayananad Singh, Akshay Bardapurkar, Arvind Reddy, Krishna Persaud and Piyush Singh under banner of Planet Marathi, Golden Ratio Films and KCR Reddy Production. The film starring Vikram Gokhale, Subodh Bhave, Sayali Sanjeev  and Akshay Tanksale The film also has a cameo by Amitabh Bachchan as himself.

The principal photography began on 20 May 2019 and wrapped up on 7 August 2019. The film was released on 13 March 2020 and also on Amazon Prime Video on 1 May 2020.

Planet Marathi OTT
Planet Marathi OTT is an Indian subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming media service which is India's first digital platform provide content in Marathi. Planet Marathi claims to have over 550,000 installs and over 24 million video plays since its launch.

Planet Marathi had appointed Marathi actress Mrinal Kulkarni to its board of founders.  Director of content, Abhijit Panse, was appointed by the company.

In November 2023, the Planet Marathi Group and Vistas Media announced the launch of Planet Bharat, an over-the-top platform. The company had also launched a news vertical and a Konkani-language digital entertainment platform, Planet Goem. Soumya and her son, Anitya Vilekar, who held positions as directors within the company, have stepped down in 2024 from their roles on the board of directors.
Ching Cheong
Ching Cheong (Chinese: 程翔; born 22 December 1949) is a Hong Kong journalist with The Straits Times. He is best known for having been interned by the People's Republic of China on allegations of spying for Taiwan. He was detained in April 2005 and spent over 1,000 days in prison; his sentencing in August 2006 was for five years' imprisonment, scheduled to end in August 2011, but he was released just before Chinese New Year in February 2008.

The Straits Times
The Straits Times (also known informally by its abbreviation ST) is a Singaporean daily English-language newspaper owned by the SPH Media Trust. Established on 15 July 1845, it is the most-widely circulated newspaper in the country and has a significant regional audience. The newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online, the latter of which was launched in 1994. It is regarded as the newspaper of record for Singapore.

The newspaper has been generally perceived as having a close relationship with the government and toeing the party line of the governing People's Action Party (PAP).
Zap Energy
Zap Energy is an American privately held company that aims to commercialize fusion power through use of a sheared-flow-stabilized z-pinch. The firm is based in Seattle, Washington, with research facilities nearby in Everett and Mukilteo, Washington. The firm aims to scale their technology to maintain plasma stability at increasingly higher energy levels, with the goal of achieving scientific breakeven and eventual commercial profitability.

The conceptual basis for the technology was developed at the University of Washington led by Uri Shumlak. Zap Energy formed following the positive initial results achieved by an experimental device named Fusion Z-pinch Experiment (FuZE) as part of the Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy (ARPA-E) ALPHA program. The firm was co-founded by British entrepreneur and investor Benj Conway (President, CEO), with technologist Brian A. Nelson (Chief Technology Officer), and physicist Uri Shumlak (Chief Science Officer).

ARPA-E
ARPA-E, or Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy is an agency within the United States Department of Energy tasked with funding the research and development of advanced energy technologies. The goal of the agency is to improve U.S. economic prosperity, national security, and environmental well being. ARPA-E typically funds short-term research projects with the potential for a transformative impact. It is inspired by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).

The program directors at ARPA-E serve limited terms, in an effort to reduce bureaucracy and bias. Since September 2025, the director is Conner Prochaska.