hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Disfix
In linguistic morphology, a disfix is a subtractive morpheme, a morpheme manifest through the subtraction of segments from a root or stem. Although other forms of disfixation exist, the element subtracted is usually the final segment of the stem.

Productive disfixation is extremely rare among the languages of the world but is important in the Muskogean languages of the southeastern United States. Similar subtractive morphs have a marginal presence in languages such as French and Portuguese.

Word stem
In linguistics, a word stem is a word part responsible for a word's lexical meaning. The term is used with slightly different meanings depending on the morphology of the language in question. For instance, in Athabaskan linguistics, a verb stem is a root that cannot appear on its own and that carries the tone of the word.

Typically, a stem remains unmodified during inflection with few exceptions due to apophony (for example in Polish, miast-o ("city") and w mieść-e ("in the city"); in English, sing, sang, and sung, where it can be modified according to morphological rules or peculiarities, such as sandhi).

Word stem comparisons across languages have helped reveal cognates that have allowed comparative linguists to determine language families and their history.
Millwater, New Zealand
Millwater is a northern suburb of Auckland, located in New Zealand. It is about 33 kilometres (by road) north of the city centre. The Auckland Northern Motorway and Orewa River form its western and northern boundaries respectively.

Millwater was built on former farmland in 2005. Development is expected to be complete in 2022, with an anticipated population of 10,000.

A companion suburb of Milldale is intended on the other side of the Northern Motorway, and this will include a new primary school for the area.

Milldale, New Zealand
Milldale is a suburb of Auckland, 33 kilometres north of the city centre. The Auckland Northern Motorway forms its eastern boundary. Construction of the suburb began in 2019, and will take approximately 12 years to complete.

The development, which is planned to accommodate 4500 new dwellings on a 300 hectare site includes a town centre, schools and a retirement village

In 2022, the developer of the suburb, Fulton Hogan, purchased a further 191 hectares of farmland adjacent to Milldale, known as Longburn Farm.
Waitākere River
The Waitākere River is a river of the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows north then west from its sources in the Waitākere Ranges, reaching the Tasman Sea at Te Henga / Bethells Beach, to the south of Muriwai Beach. The upper reaches of the river are dammed to form the Waitākere Reservoir. The Waitākere Falls, just below the dam, are 95 metres (312 ft) high and the third highest waterfall in the North Island.

Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It measures about 2,000 km (1,200 mi) across and about 2,800 km (1,700 mi) from north to south. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, who in 1642 was the first known European to cross it. British explorer Lieutenant James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s during his three voyages of exploration.

The Māori people of New Zealand call this sea Te Moana-a-Rehua meaning 'the sea of Rehua' which clashes with the Pacific waters named Te Tai-o-Whitirea ('the sea of Whitirea') – after Whitirea, Rehua's lover – at Cape Reinga, the northernmost tip of North Island.
Italian Federation of Book Workers
The Italian Federation of Book Workers (Italian: Federazione Italiana Lavoratori del Libro, Federlibro) was a trade union representing printing workers in Italy.

The union was founded in 1950, with the merger of two small unions of Christian democratic workers, most of whom had recently left the Italian Federation of Paper and Printing Workers.  The new union affiliated to the Italian Confederation of Workers' Trade Unions, and to the International Graphical Federation.

By 1954, the union claimed 13,995 members, and this grew steadily, reaching 20,548 members in 1965, and 28,000 in 1979.  In 1985, it merged with the United Federation of Entertainment Workers, to form the Federation of Entertainment and Information.

Italian Federation of Paper and Printing Workers
The Italian Federation of Printing and Paper Workers (Italian: Federazione Italiana Lavoratori Poligrafici e Cartai, FILPC) was a trade union representing workers in the printing and papermaking industries in Italy.

The union was founded in 1946 as an affiliate of the Italian General Confederation of Labour, bringing together workers who had previously been represented by various craft unions.  By 1980, the union had 79,430 members.

In 1981, the union merged with the Italian Federation of Entertainment Workers, to form the Italian Federation of Information and Entertainment Workers.
FC Clivense
Football Club Clivense was an Italian former football club based in Chievo, in Verona. It was founded on 13 August 2021 by Sergio Pellissier, former captain of the defunct football club A.C. ChievoVerona. It competed in Serie D, the fourth level of Italian football.

In May 2024, the club formally changed its denomination to AC ChievoVerona after having successfully acquired the logo and naming rights of the original club.

Serie D
The Serie D (Italian pronunciation: [ˈseːrje ˈdi]) is the highest level of semi-professional football in Italy, and the fourth tier of the Italian national league system, the lowest one with a national organization. It sits beneath the third and lowest fully professional league, Serie C, and feeds in to it through promotion and relegation. Serie D is administered by the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti and is organized by the Roman Comitato Interregionale (Interregional Committee), a "league in the league" inside the LND.
PYD (song)
"PYD" ("Put You Down") is a single by Canadian singer Justin Bieber, featuring vocals from American singer R. Kelly. It was released on November 18, 2013. The song is the seventh in Bieber's series Music Mondays, the first six being "Heartbreaker" (October 7, 2013), "All That Matters" (October 14), "Hold Tight" (October 21), "Recovery" (October 28), "Bad Day" (November 4), and "All Bad" (November 11). Bieber released a new single every week for 10 weeks from October 7 to December 9, 2013.

Recovery (Justin Bieber song)
"Recovery" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his second compilation album, Journals (2013). The song was released on October 28, 2013, as a digital download. The song is the fourth in Bieber's series Music Mondays, the first three being "Heartbreaker" (October 7), "All That Matters" (October 14) and "Hold Tight" (October 21). Bieber released a new single every week for 10 weeks from October 7 to December 9, 2013.

"Recovery" heavily interpolates the guitar riff from Craig David's "Fill Me In".
National Bird (film)
National Bird is a 2016 American-German documentary film directed and produced by Sonia Kennebeck. Wim Wenders and Errol Morris serve as executive producers.

The film had its world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2016. It was released in the United States on November 11, 2016, by FilmRise.

FilmRise
FilmRise Acquisitions LLC is an American media company, headquartered in New York City, that operates a film and television studio and a free ad-supported streaming television (FAST) network. FilmRise also syndicates its own digital linear channels to platforms including The Roku Channel, Samsung TV Plus, Amazon Freevee and Vizio.

FilmRise focuses on acquiring content that is either under the radar or significantly underestimated by the industry.
SS Phryné
SS Phryné was a French cargo ship that hit a mine laid by U-13 in the North Sea 3.5 nautical miles (6.5 km) off the Aldeburgh Lightship, while she was travelling from Immingham, United Kingdom to Bayonne, France.

Immingham
Immingham is a port town and civil parish in North East Lincolnshire, England, on the south-west bank of the Humber Estuary, six miles (ten kilometres) northwest of Grimsby.

It was relatively unpopulated until the early 1900s, when the Great Central Railway began developing Immingham Dock; as a consequence of the docks, and post-Second World War large scale industrial developments, Immingham became a significant town during the 20th century. The Port of Immingham & Grimsby was the largest port in the United Kingdom by tonnage with 54 million tonnes of cargo passing through in 2019.
Björk Digital
Björk Digital was an "immersive" virtual reality exhibition by Icelandic musician Björk featuring 360-degree VR music videos from her eighth studio album, Vulnicura. The exhibit debuted at Carriageworks in Sydney, Australia as part of Vivid Sydney on June 4, 2016 and has traveled across the globe. Originally announced as an 18 month tour the exhibit ran until 2020, where it was last presented at the Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Björk has promoted the traveling exhibit with a series of DJ sets and intimate strings-only concerts during her Vulnicura tour, premiering at London's famous Royal Albert Hall on 21 September 2016. Her debut at the Walt Disney Concert Hall, with the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, took place on 30 May 2017.

The virtual reality videos premiered during the exhibition went on to form Vulnicura VR, which was released on Steam for Oculus Rift, Valve Index, HTC Vive on September 6, 2019.

HTC Vive
HTC Vive is a line of virtual and mixed reality headsets produced by HTC Corporation. The brand currently encompasses headsets designed for use with personal computers as well as standalone headsets such as the Vive Focus line, Vive Flow glasses, and the Vive Elite XR headset.

The first-generation Vive was announced in 2015, as part of a collaboration with video game studio and distributor Valve Corporation, and implementing its VR software and hardware platform SteamVR; the first-generation consumer model was released in April 2016. It has since been succeeded by newer models with upgraded specifications. HTC has also released accessories that integrate with the Vive and SteamVR, including sensors for motion capture and facial capture.

Since 2021, HTC has targeted the Vive line towards the business and enterprise markets, moving away from the consumer market.
Haytham Faour
Haytham Moussa Faour (Arabic: هيثم موسى فاعور; born 27 February 1990) is a Lebanese footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder.

Faour joined Ahed in 2009 and became one of the team's main players, winning the Lebanese Golden Ball in 2015. He also captained them to an AFC Cup win in 2019, helping Ahed become the first Lebanese club to win the title. Faour represented Lebanon internationally from 2011 to 2019, playing 61 games and retiring as one of the national team's most-capped players.

2019 AFC Cup
The 2019 AFC Cup was the 16th edition of the AFC Cup, Asia's secondary club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

Al-Ahed from Lebanon won the title for the first time, defeating April 25 from North Korea in the final. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya were the title holders, having won the previous three editions of the tournament. However, they were unable to defend the title as Iraqi teams played in the AFC Champions League instead of the AFC Cup in the 2019 edition.
Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance
The Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance, in Hong Kong Law (Cap. 53), was enacted in 1976  to preserve the objects of historical, archaeological and palaeontological interest and for matters ancillary thereto or connected therewith. It is administered by the Antiquities Authority (Secretary for Development), with the executive support of the Antiquities and Monuments Office under the Development Bureau, since 2007.

Secretary for Development
The Secretary for Development of the Hong Kong Government is responsible for planning, land development and public works related development policy in Hong Kong.  The position was created in 2007 to replace portions of the previous portfolios of Secretary for the Environment, Transport and Works and Secretary for Housing, Planning and Lands.
Culture of El Salvador
The culture of El Salvador is a Central American culture nation influenced by the clash of ancient Mesoamerica and medieval Iberian Peninsula. Salvadoran culture is influenced by Native American culture (Lenca people, Cacaopera people, Maya peoples, Pipil people) as well as Latin American culture (Latin America, Hispanic America, Ibero-America). Mestizo culture, Afro-Latin culture and the Catholic Church dominates the country. Although the Romance language, Castilian Spanish, is the official and dominant language spoken in El Salvador, Salvadoran Spanish which is part of Central American Spanish has influences of Native American languages of El Salvador such as Lencan languages, Cacaopera language, Mayan languages and Pipil language, which are still spoken in some regions of El Salvador.

Central American Spanish
Central American Spanish (Spanish: español centroamericano or castellano centroamericano) is the general name of the Spanish language dialects spoken in Central America. More precisely, the term refers to the Spanish language as spoken in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Belize and Nicaragua. Panamanian Spanish is considered a variety of Caribbean Spanish, it is transitional between Central American and Caribbean dialects.
Scottie (horse)
Scottie (1957–1981) was a stock horse who excelled in steer wrestling and was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame in 2016. His owner, Walt Linderman, and he were inducted together into the Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame in 2020.

Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame
The Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame is a 501(c)(3) hall of fame  organization. Its stated goal is to ""To honor our cowboy way of life, American Indian cultures, and our collective Montana western heritage.  It confers the honour of induction on an annual list of distinguished individuals.  The Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame is currently colocated with the Charles M Russel Museum in Great Falls Montana.  Fundraising efforts include a specialty car license plate, The hall of fame  was granted US$0.5 million in state funds for site development and project planning during a 2007 special session of the legislature.

A previous proposal was to be located in Wolf Point, Montana, as designated by the State of Montana in 2003. But the Charles M Russel Museum was able to provide space in conjunction with their permanent "Tales from the Saddle: Come Ride along Exhbit" |url=https://cmrussell.org/exhibitions-2/%7Cwebsite=C.M Russel museum: Exhibits |access-date=November 19, 2025}}</ref>
Joely Andrews
Joely Andrews (born 30 April 2002) is a Northern Irish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Heart of Midlothian and the Northern Ireland women's national team.

She has previously played for Glentoran, having joined their first ever Junior Academy age 8.

Glentoran W.F.C.
Glentoran Women Football Club is a women's football club from Belfast, Northern Ireland and a subsidiary of Glentoran Football Club.

The team holds the record as the most successful women's team in the Irish League, having won the Women's Premiership on eleven occasions, most recently in 2025. Having won all four major trophies in the 2020 season, the team was victorious again in the 2021 season, retaining the Irish League, Irish Cup, County Antrim Shield and League Cup to become the first team to ever hold all four trophies, and the first team to retain all four.
Alternating planar algebra
The concept of alternating planar algebras first appeared in the work of Hernando Burgos-Soto on the Jones polynomial of alternating tangles. Alternating planar algebras provide an appropriate algebraic framework for other knot invariants in cases the elements involved in the computation are alternating. The concept has been used in extending to tangles some properties of Jones polynomial and Khovanov homology of alternating links.

Jones polynomial
In the mathematical field of knot theory, the Jones polynomial is a knot polynomial discovered by Vaughan Jones in 1984.  Specifically, it is an invariant of an oriented knot or link which assigns to each oriented knot or link a Laurent polynomial in the variable  with integer coefficients.
Toms The Best
Toms The Best was a leading racing greyhound during the 1990s. He is the only greyhound to have won both the English Greyhound Derby and the Irish Greyhound Derby. He was also voted the 1998 UK Greyhound of the Year.

Greyhound of the Year Awards
The Greyhound of the Year Awards are the annual awards for the leading greyhounds in the United Kingdom.

The British Greyhound Breeders & Owners Association inaugurated the Silver Greyhound Awards in 1951 and every year the winners were announced at the annual dinner and ball at the Dorchester Hotel. In 1970 the voting switched to the Greyhound Trainers & Breeders Association and the venue changed to the London Hilton on Park Lane. In 1982 the Greyhound Writers Association took over the voting and today the awards are now known as the Greyhound Board of Great Britain annual awards which are held at a different venue every year.

On 14 February 2021, the 2020 awards were held as virtual event due to the lockdown that was in place as a consequence of COVID-19.
Lowney Chocolate Factory
The Lowney Chocolate Factory is a historic industrial complex at 150 Oakland Street in Mansfield, Massachusetts.  Developed beginning in 1903, the complex was used until 2010 by a variety of primarily corporate owners for the manufacture and processing of chocolate products, most recently Archer Daniels Midland.  The complex, vacant in 2016, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016 as an important local employer, and a good local example of Late Victorian industrial architecture.

Archer Daniels Midland
The Archer-Daniels-Midland Company, commonly known as ADM, is an American multinational food processing and commodities trading corporation founded in 1902 and headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The company operates more than 270 plants and 420 crop procurement facilities worldwide, where cereal grains and oilseeds are processed into products used in food, beverage, nutraceutical, industrial, and animal feed markets worldwide.

ADM ranked No. 35 in the 2023 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations.

The company also provides agricultural storage and transportation services. The American River Transportation Company along with ADM Trucking, Inc., are subsidiaries of ADM.

ADM has been the subject of significant media attention and infamy over the years with its various scandals, one inspiring a novel and subsequent film The Informant!.
Owen Vaccaro
Owen Wilder Vaccaro (born 2005/2006) is an American teen actor. He has appeared in feature films since 2015, including Daddy's Home (2015), Daddy's Home 2 (2017), and in the role of Lewis in The House with a Clock in Its Walls (2018).

Daddy's Home 2
Daddy's Home 2 (titled on screen as Daddy's Home Two)  is a 2017 American Christmas buddy comedy film directed by Sean Anders and written by Anders and John Morris. A sequel to Daddy's Home (2015), it stars Will Ferrell, Mark Wahlberg, Linda Cardellini, John Cena, with John Lithgow and Mel Gibson. The plot follows now-reformed fathers Brad and Dusty (Ferrell and Wahlberg), now co-parenting Dusty's kids, who have to deal with their own fathers (Lithgow and Gibson) visiting for the holidays.

Unlike its predecessor, Red Granite Pictures was not involved in the film's production. Principal photography on the film began in Massachusetts in March 2017 and it was released in the United States by Paramount Pictures on November 10, 2017. Although the film received generally negative reviews from critics, it grossed over $180 million worldwide against a production budget of $69–70 million.
Jan Zaveck
Dejan Zavec (born 13 March 1976), best known as Jan Zaveck, is a Slovenian former professional boxer who competed from 2003 to 2015. He held the IBF welterweight title from 2009 to 2011, and challenged once for the WBA super-welterweight title in 2015. Zaveck is the only Slovenian boxer to have held a world title, and was named Slovenian Sportsperson of the Year in 2010.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Adhyayam Onnu Muthal
Adhyayam Onnu Muthal (transl. From chapter one) is a 1985 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by Sathyan Anthikad and written by John Paul, adapted from the novel Aadimadhyanthangal by M. D. Rathnamma. The film stars  Mohanlal, Madhavi, M. G. Soman, Balan K. Nair, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, Venu Nagavalli, and Bahadoor.

Balan K. Nair
Balakrishnan Kuttiraman Nair, more popularly known as Balan K. Nair (4 April 1933 – 26 August 2000) was an Indian actor known for his roles in Malayalam cinema. Although he appeared as a villain in most films, he was also noted for his performances in strong character roles. He emerged as one of the top villain of Malayalam cinema in the second half of the 1970s and played some of the best villain characters in Malayalam films during that period. He won the National Film Award for Best Actor in 1981 for his performance as Govindan in the film Oppol.
2007 US Open – Wheelchair men's doubles
Shingo Kunieda and Satoshi Saida defeated the two-time defending champions Robin Ammerlaan and Michaël Jeremiasz in the final, 6–3, 6–2 to win the men's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2007 US Open.

Michaël Jérémiasz
Michaël Jérémiasz (born 15 October 1981, in Paris) is a French former professional wheelchair tennis player. He won a gold medal in the men's doubles event at the 2008 Beijing Paralympics, and has completed the career Super Slam in doubles. Jérémiasz has been ranked world No. 1 in both doubles and singles. He is right-handed and likes hard courts. He was coached by Jerome Delbert.
Lateral prefrontal cortex
In human brain anatomy, the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is part of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). According to Striedter the PFC of humans can be delineated into two functionally, morphologically, and evolutionarily different regions: the ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) present in all mammals and the LPFC present only in primates. The LPFC contains the Brodmann areas BA8, BA9, BA10, BA45, BA46, and BA47. Some researchers also include BA44.

The LPFC is often further divided into dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA8, BA9, BA10, BA46) and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (BA45, BA47, BA44).

Brodmann area 45
Brodmann area 45 (BA45), is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is situated on the lateral surface, inferior to BA9 and adjacent to BA46.

This area in humans occupies the triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus (H) and, surrounding the anterior horizontal limb of the lateral sulcus (H), a portion of the orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (H). Bounded caudally by the anterior ascending limb of the lateral sulcus (H), it borders on the insula in the depth of the lateral sulcus.

In terms of cytoarchitecture, it is bounded caudally by the opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann area 44 (BA44)), rostrodorsally by the middle frontal area 46 (BA46), and ventrally by the orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann area 47 BA47).