hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hatuqay dialect
The Hatuqay dialect is a dialect of Adyghe, spoken by the Hatuqay branch of the Circassian people. Linguistically, it is classified as one of the "Steppe dialects", a subgroup of that also includes the Temirgoy, Abzakh and Bzhedug dialects, although it also shares many grammatical and phonological features with the "Coastal dialects" of Shapsug and Natukhaj. Although a dialect of Western Circassian (Adyghe), it is considered the closest among the Western dialects to Eastern Circassian (Kabardian).

Hatuqay is spoken only in the diaspora, especially in Turkey; as a consequence of the Circassian genocide, there are no remaining speakers of the Hatuqay dialect in the Caucasus region. Consequently, Circassian dialectology studies rarely mention or analyze Hatuqay.

Abzakh dialect
The Abzakh dialect (Adyghe: Абдзахабзэ; Kabardian: Абдзахэбзэ) is one of the Adyghe language dialects. The Abzakh dialect is spoken by the Abzakh which are one of the largest Circassian population in the diaspora outside Republic of Adygea alongside Shapsugs.
Macroscope (methodology suite)
Macroscope is an integrated set of methods aimed at enterprise IT activities. Macroscope was developed and is maintained by Fujitsu in Canada. It is primarily used as their core body of knowledge to support the consulting services that they provide to their clients and is also licensed as a commercial product to a number of their clients

Fujitsu
Fujitsu Limited (富士通株式会社, Fujitsū kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational information and communications technology equipment and services corporation, established in 1935 and headquartered in Kawasaki, Kanagawa. It is the world's sixth-largest IT services provider by annual revenue, and it is the largest in Japan as of 2021.

Fujitsu's hardware offerings mainly consist of personal and enterprise computing products, including x86, SPARC, and mainframe-compatible server products. The corporation and its subsidiaries also offer diverse products and services in data storage, telecommunications, advanced microelectronics, and air conditioning. It has approximately 124,000 employees supporting customers in over 50 countries and regions.

Fujitsu is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and Nagoya Stock Exchange; its Tokyo listing is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices.
William G. Whitney
William Garrett Whitney (December 13, 1840 – May 7, 1915) was an American Medal of Honor recipient who served in the Union Army during the American Civil War and was awarded for his actions during the Battle of Chickamauga. He served in Company B, 11th Michigan Infantry, enlisting August 24, 1861 as a sergeant. Whitney was 21 years old at the time of enlistment and was from Allen, Michigan. There were at least 53 men who served from Allen.

At the time of his enlistment he was also a student of Hillsdale College. Hillsdale College was founded in 1844 in Spring Arbor and was a strong proponent of abolitionism.  Frederick Douglass even spoke on the campus of Hillsdale in January 1863.

Whitney mustered out September 16, 1865 in Nashville. He saw three promotions during his service: second lieutenant on January 7, 1863, first lieutenant on June 17, 1864, and captain on March 1, 1865.

Allen, Michigan
Allen is a village in Hillsdale County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 201 at the 2020 census.

The village is within Allen Township at the junction of U.S. Route 12 and M-49.  With a total land area of only 0.174 square miles (0.451 km2), Allen is the fourth smallest village by land area in the state of Michigan and the fifth smallest municipality overall after Ahmeek, Copper City, Novi Township, and Eagle.
ISNA Canada
ISNA Canada is a non-profit Muslim religious organization in Canada. It offers a variety of programs and services to the Canadian Muslim community at large, and is associated with the Islamic Society of North America, which is based in the United States. The organization has three centres, located in Mississauga, Toronto, and Yellowknife.

Islam in Canada
Islam is the second-largest religion in Canada, practised by approximately 4.9% of the population. Canadian Muslims are one of the most ethnically diverse religious groups across the country. Muslims have lived in Canada since 1871 and the first mosque was established in 1938. Canada is home to the most northern built mosque in the world called the Midnight Sun Mosque.

There are a number of Islamic organizations and seminaries (madrasas). Opinion polls show most Muslims feel "very proud" to be Canadians, and majority are religious and attend mosque at least once a week. More than half of Canadian Muslims live in Ontario, with significant populations also living in Quebec, Alberta, and British Columbia.

The percentage of Muslims in Canada is 4.9% as of the 2021 census. In the Greater Toronto Area, 10% of the population is Muslim, and in Greater Montreal, 8.7% of the population is Muslim.
Panthers Wrocław
The Panthers Wrocław is an American football team based in Wrocław, Poland, that compete in the European League of Football, the top-tier American football competition in Europe. The team is a result of a merger of Giants Wrocław and Devils Wrocław.

Previously, they played in domestic leagues PLFA until 2017 and in the LFA (2018–2020); and in international leagues IFAF Europe Champions League (2016) and CEFL (2017–2019). They won the Polish Bowl four times and the IFAF Europe Champions League in 2016.

American Football League (Poland)
The American Football League (Polish: Liga Futbolu Amerykańskiego, PFA) was an American football league in Poland. Founded in 2017 after a split in the Polish American Football Association. It consisted of 22 teams competing in two conferences, the LFA1 and LFA2. The championship game of the league was the Polish Bowl. In 2021 a new league started with participating both old PLFA and LFA members as Polish Football League.
Roman Glass St George F.C.
Roman Glass St George Football Club is a football club based in the Bristol suburb of St George, Bristol, England. Founded in 1872, they are the oldest club in Bristol. They are currently members of the Hellenic League Premier Division and play at Oaklands Park, South Gloucestershire. The club is affiliated to the Gloucestershire County FA.

Hellenic Football League
The Hellenic Football League, currently known as the uhlsport Hellenic Football League for sponsorship reasons, is an English men's football league covering an area including the English counties of Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and Worcestershire and their surrounding areas, such as parts of Oxfordshire, Shropshire, Northamptonshire, Wiltshire, and Warwickshire.
Edsby
Edsby is an educational technology company headquartered in Toronto, Canada. It is the developer and publisher of the Edsby platform, a web-based K-12 learning management system (LMS) and analytics platform, and Unison, an educational data aggregation product. Edsby aims to provide school districts, state governments, and central governments with stronger student, teacher, and parent engagement, along with better outcomes and clearer insights into learning.

Edsby is partnered with Microsoft and provides its services on the Microsoft Azure cloud service worldwide. The company was named Microsoft's Education Partner of the Year in 2019.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
Frits van Eerd
Godefridus Franciscus Theodorus "Frits" van Eerd (born 25 March 1967) is a Dutch entrepreneur and racing driver. He was the general manager of Jumbo Groep Holding BV from 2002 to September 2022. As a racing driver, he won the 2021 FIA World Endurance Championship in the LMP2 Pro/Am category and co-founded Racing Team Nederland.

Jumbo (supermarket)
Jumbo (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjʏmboː]) is a supermarket chain in the Netherlands and Belgium. It is part of the privately owned Van Eerd Group. Van Eerd was originally a grocery wholesale company established in 1921. With 740 stores and a market share of about 22%, Jumbo is the second largest supermarket chain in the Netherlands, behind Albert Heijn.
Casey Loyd
Casey Nicole Loyd (née Nogueira; born February 23, 1989) is an American former professional soccer midfielder. She played collegiately for the North Carolina Tar Heels, where she won two national championships. She played professionally for the Los Angeles Sol, Sky Blue FC, and Chicago Red Stars of the WPS and FC Kansas City of the NWSL. She earned five caps with the United States national team. As a member of the national under-20 team, she played at the 2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship and the 2007 Pan American Games.

North Carolina Tar Heels women's soccer
The North Carolina Tar Heels women's soccer team represent the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in the Atlantic Coast Conference of NCAA Division I soccer.

North Carolina is one of the most successful women's college soccer teams, having won 22 of the 36 Atlantic Coast Conference championships, and 23 of the 43 NCAA national championships. The team has participated in every NCAA tournament.
Secular Culture & Ideas
Secular Culture & Ideas is a web journal about Jewish culture, literature, and thought. Founded in 2007, it was originally part of JBooks.com although it now maintains its own website . The journal’s tag line is, “rethinking Jewish.”

Among the popular pieces published on Secular Culture & Ideas are interviews with Tony Kushner, Natalie Angier, and A.B. Yehoshua, and reviews of books by Jonathan Sarna and Susan Jacoby. The website features an articles section, and a blog, “News & Notes.” A special book section, “Bookshelf,” was introduced in 2011.

Secular Culture & Ideas is supported by the Posen Foundation, a non-profit that works internationally to promote Jewish culture and support Jewish education. Secular Culture & Ideas expanded its culture coverage in the summer of 2011 with its new section “Culture Currents.”

Center for Cultural Judaism
The Center for Cultural Judaism was established in New York in 2003 to serve all secular Jews. The center focuses on implementing educational and outreach programs designed to reach Jews who do not find meaning in Judaism as a religion, but for whom Judaism as a culture is meaningful.
Shringi Rishi Ashram, Singiya
Shringi Rishi Ashram (Maithili: श्रृंगी ऋषि आश्रम) at Singiya Village of Madhubani district in the Mithila region of Bihar is an ancient Ashram related to the Vedic sage Shringi in Ramayana. In the campus of Ashram there is a famous Lord Shiva temple known as Shringeshwar Mahadev Mandir.

Rishyasringa
Rishyasringa (Sanskrit: ऋष्यशृङ्ग; IAST: Ṛṣyaśṛṅga; Pali: Isisiṅga) is a rishi mentioned in Hindu and Buddhist scriptures from the late first millennium BCE. According to the Hindu epics Ramayana and Mahabharata, he was a boy born with the horns of a deer who became a seer and was lured by royal courtesans, which led to the yajna (fire sacrifice) of King Dasharatha. His story also occurs in the Buddhist Jatakas, where he is mentioned as the son of Bodhisatta and the subject of a seduction attempt by royal courtesans.
Buffalo rifle
Buffalo rifle generally refers to large-calibre, generally single-shot black powder cartridge firearms which were used to hunt American bison to near-extinction in the late-19th Century. Three types of rifles in particular were used by professional bison hunters, namely the Sharps rifle with a 90, 100 or 110 grain powder load, the Springfield Rifle and the Remington No.1 rifle otherwise known simply as the Rolling block. The Sharps was the favorite among hunters because of its accuracy at long range.

.50-90 Sharps
The .50-90 Sharps (13×64mmR), also known as the .50-21⁄2" Sharps, is a black-powder rifle cartridge that was introduced by Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company in 1872 as a buffalo (American bison) hunting round.  Like other large black-powder rounds, it incorporates a heavy bullet and a large powder volume, leading to high muzzle energies.
Innocent Oula
Major General Innocent Felix Oula is a senior army officer in the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF). As of March 2020, he serves as the Head of Civil Military Cooperation. He concurrently serves as one of the UPDF representatives to the Parliament of Uganda. He was elected to that position in January 2014, replacing renegade General David Sejusa, who was expelled from Parliament.

Sam Kavuma
Lieutenant General Samuel Kavuma, commonly known as Sam Kavuma, is a Ugandan senior military officer. Since March 2024, he has been serving as the Commander of the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS). Before that, from 24 June 2021 until 24 March 2024, he was the deputy coordinator of Operation Wealth Creation, a presidential appointment by Yoweri Museveni Immediately before that position, he served as the deputy commander of the Uganda People's Defence Force Air Force. Before that, Kavuma served as the Commander of the Uganda People's Defence Force Contingent in Somalia, as part of the African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM). He was appointed to that position in October 2014. He replaced Brigadier General Dick Olum, who served in that position from September 2013 until October 2014.
Bijan and Manijeh
Bijan and Manijeh (also Bizhan and Manizheh, Persian: بيژن و منيژه, romanized: Bēžan-ō Manīža) is a love story in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. Bijan was the son of Giv, a famous Iranian knight during the reign of Kay Khosrow, the Shah of Iran, and Banu Goshasp, the heroine daughter of Rostam. Bijan falls in love with Manijeh, the daughter of Afrasiab, the king of Turan and the greatest enemy of Iran. The tale of his suffering and Manijeh’s constancy has been quoted by several others.

Kay Khosrow
Kay Khosrow (Persian: کیخسرو) is a legendary king of Iran of Kayanian dynasty and a character in the Persian epic book Shahnameh. He was the son of the Iranian prince Siavash who married princess Farangis of Turan while in exile. Before Kay Khosrow was born, his father was murdered in Turan by his maternal grandfather Afrasiab. Kay Khosrow was trained as a child in the desert by Piran, the wise vizier of Afrasiab. His paternal grandfather was Kay Kāvus, the legendary Shah of Iran who chose him as his heir when he returned to Iran with his mother. The name Kay Khosrow derives from Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 Kauui Haosrauuaŋha, meaning "seer/poet who has good fame".
Ingentia
Ingentia is a genus of early sauropodiform dinosaur, sometimes considered a basal sauropod, from the Late Triassic (late Norian-Rhaetian) of Argentina. The type specimen of Ingentia, PVSJ 1086, was discovered in the Quebrada del Barro Formation of northwestern Argentina. It was described in 2018 by Cecilia Apaldetti, Ricardo Nestor Martínez, Ignacio Alejandro Cerda, Diego Pol and Oscar Alcober who named the type and only species Ingentia prima, meaning "first huge one", as the taxon was one of the first very large sauropodomorphs to evolve, along with its close relative Lessemsaurus. A second specimen, PVSJ 1087, was referred, containing five tail vertebrae, both ulnae and radii, a left calfbone and a right foot.

2018 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2018.
King Hippo
King Hippo is a fictional boxer from Nintendo's Punch-Out!! series. He first appeared on the Nintendo Entertainment System game Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!, as the second competitor in the Major Circuit. Subsequent reviews have characterized him as one of the most iconic characters from the game, because he was a complicated boss to defeat. In Punch-Out!! (Wii), he returns, having a second fight where he uses a manhole to protect his weak point.

King Hippo is featured prominently on the NBC Saturday morning cartoon, Captain N: The Game Master, where he was portrayed by Garry Chalk. His obese figure and his face both resemble those of a hippopotamus. His depiction has been viewed as a racial stereotype of Pacific Islanders, specifically Polynesian people, with some stereotypes he was said to exemplify including laziness and gluttony. His design was also criticized as looking subhuman.

Punch-Out!! (1987 video game)
Punch-Out!!, originally titled Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!, is a 1987 boxing video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Part of the Punch-Out!! series, it is an adaptation of the arcade video games Punch-Out!! (1984) and Super Punch-Out!! (1984). Differences from the arcades include the addition of former undisputed world heavyweight champion Mike Tyson as the final boss. It received critical acclaim, and is retrospectively considered one of the greatest video games of all time.
Impeachment in the Northern Mariana Islands
In the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (a United States territory), the process of impeachment allows its Commonwealth Legislature to remove certain officeholders. The territory's House of Representatives can initiate an impeachment, bringing about an impeachment trial in the territory's Senate through which an officeholder can be removed from their office.

Two governors have been impeached: Benigno Fitial in 2013 and Ralph Torres in 2022. Fittal resigned after being impeached, while Torres was acquitted in his impeachment trial. Both impeached governors were members of the Republican Party.

Impeachment trial
An impeachment trial is a trial that functions as a component of an impeachment. Several governments utilize impeachment trials as a part of their processes for impeachment. Differences exist between governments as to what stage trials take place in their processes for impeachment, and how such trials are held.
1985 Beatrice Indy Challenge
The 1985 Beatrice Indy Challenge was the fifteenth and final round of the 1985 CART season. The race was held on November 9, 1985, in Tamiami Park, Florida at the streets of Tamiami Park. The race was contested of 112 laps. Danny Sullivan won the race. Bobby Rahal finished 2nd, and Al Unser Jr. finished 3rd. Al Unser and Roberto Moreno rounded out the top five, and Danny Ongais, Arie Luyendyk, Bill Whittington, Josele Garza, and Rupert Keegan rounded out the top ten.

In one of the most dramatic championship finales in Indy car racing history, Al Unser wound up winning his third and final Indy car championship over his son, Al Unser Jr., by just 1 point, and earned the $300,000 championship prize. Unser became the oldest driver in Indy car history to win a championship, at 46 years, 5 months and 12 days old.

Al Unser Jr.
Alfred Unser Jr. (born April 19, 1962) – nicknamed "Little Al" to distinguish him from his father, Al Unser – is an American former racing driver. Known primarily for his Championship car career, Unser won two CART championships, and is a two-time winner of the Indianapolis 500.

Early in his career, Unser found success in the Can-Am series, winning the championship in 1982. He joined his great uncle, uncle, and father, as a winner of the Pikes Peak Hill Climb, doing so in 1983. He is a two-time winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona. He has the most Long Beach Grand Prix victories in history, winning six times.
Maria Paseka
Maria Valeryevna Paseka (Russian: Мария Валерьевна Пасека; born 19 July 1995) is a Russian artistic gymnast and member of the Russia women's national gymnastics team. During her decade-long career, she has primarily been successful as a vault specialist. On this apparatus, she is a two-time Olympic medalist (silver in 2016, bronze in 2012), a two-time world champion (2015, 2017), a two-time European champion (2015, 2019), the 2015 Universiade champion, and a two-time Russian national champion (2013, 2019). As a member of the Russian teams at the 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics, Paseka won two silver medals in the team competition.

2015 European Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 6th European Men's and Women's Artistic Gymnastics Individual Championships was held from 15 to 19 April 2015 at the Park&Suites Arena in Montpellier, France. As usual in this format, no team competitions took place.
1949 in New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during 1949 in New Zealand.

Most New Zealanders became New Zealand citizens in addition to being British subjects, as the British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948 came into effect.

The National government of Sydney Holland was elected in the 1949 New Zealand general election.

1949 New Zealand general election
The 1949 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 29th term. It saw the governing Labour Party defeated by the opposition National Party. This marked the end of the 14-year First Labour government and the beginning of the First National government.
John Edgar Burch
Lieutenant John Edgar Burch (February 8, 1874 – July 16, 1900) was an officer of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). Serving with the 1st Canadian Mounted Rifles (later The Royal Canadian Dragoons) during the Boer War, he was killed in action at the Battle of Witpoort alongside Lieutenant Harold Lothrop Borden while leading a counter-attack on the Boer positions.

Royal Canadian Dragoons
The Royal Canadian Dragoons (RCD) is the senior armoured regiment of the Canadian Army by precedence. It is one of three armoured regiments in the Regular Force and forms part of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps.

The colonel-in-chief of the RCD is Charles III, King of Canada. The colonel of the regiment is Major-General (Retired) Stephen Cadden, CD.
The commanding officer is Lieutenant-Colonel C. Summerfield, and the regimental sergeant major is Chief Warrant Officer J. Nickerson. 
The regiment is composed of Regimental Headquarters, "A", "B", "C", "D" and Headquarters Squadrons. "A", "B" and "D" Squadrons, based at CFB Petawawa, are light cavalry squadrons. "C" Squadron is based at CFB Gagetown, and the squadron consists of both Dragoons and members of 12e Régiment blindé du Canada. Headquarters Squadron, based in Petawawa, provides first-line combat service support to the regiment.