hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joanna Wardlaw
Joanna Marguerite Wardlaw (born 4 November 1958) is a Scottish physician, radiologist, and academic specialising in neuroradiology and pathophysiology. Wardlaw worked as a junior doctor before specialising as a radiologist. She continues to practice medicine as an Honorary Consultant Neuroradiologist with NHS Lothian. She has spent her entire academic career at the University of Edinburgh.

Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology (or physiopathology) is a branch of study, at the intersection of pathology and physiology, concerning disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury. Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas physiology is the biological discipline that describes processes or mechanisms operating within an organism. Pathology describes the abnormal or undesired condition (symptoms of a disease), whereas pathophysiology seeks to explain the functional changes that are occurring within an individual due to a disease or pathologic state.
Harvard Plate Stacks
The Harvard Plate Stacks, previously known as the Harvard College Observatory's Glass Plate Collection or the Astronomical Photographic Glass Plate Collection is the largest collection of photographic glass plate negatives of the night sky in the world. The collection was created across a century by the Harvard College Observatory. Many of the people who worked in and studied the collection were a group of famous female astronomers called the Harvard Computers. It is a scientific and historical collection at The Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA) in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Mary Anna Draper
Mary Anna Draper, also known as Mary Anna Palmer Draper, (September 19, 1839 – December 8, 1914) was an American, known for her work with her husband, Henry Draper, with astronomical photography and research. She helped found the Mount Wilson Observatory and created an award for astronomical research, the Henry Draper Medal of the National Academy of Sciences.
Syncarpia
Syncarpia is a small group  of trees in the myrtle family (Myrtaceae) described as a genus in 1839. They are native to Queensland and New South Wales in Australia.

They are unusual among the Myrtaceae in that the leaves are opposite rather than alternate as is the norm for the family.

The species are commonly known as turpentine trees due to the odour of their resin.

Species

Syncarpia glomulifera  (Sm.) Nied. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl - Queensland, New South Wales; naturalized in Hawaii and in parts of Africa

Syncarpia hillii  F.M.Bailey - Queensland, New South Wales

Syncarpia verecunda  A.R.Bean - Queensland

S. glomulifera is considered a weed in Hawaii.

Formerly included

now in Choricarpia Xanthostemon

Syncarpia leptopetala - Choricarpia leptopetala

Syncarpia subargentea - Choricarpia subargentea

Syncarpia vertholenii - Xanthostemon verus

Backhousia
Backhousia is a genus of thirteen currently known species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. All the currently known species are endemic to Australia in the rainforests and seasonally dry forests of Queensland, New South Wales and Western Australia.

In 1845 in the European science publication the Botanical Magazine William Jackson Hooker and William Henry Harvey first published this genus's formal description and name, after botanist James Backhouse from England and Australia.

They grow to aromatic shrubs or trees from 5 to 25 m (20 to 80 ft) tall, with leaves 3–12 cm (1.2–4.7 in) long and 1–6 cm (0.4–2.4 in) wide, arranged opposite to each other.
London Boy (mixtape)
London Boy is a mixtape by English rapper Chip, hosted by DJ Drama. It was released on 25 December 2012 as the first release under his new record label, Grand Hustle via Chip's official website. London Boy features guest appearances from label-mate rappers T.I., Iggy Azalea & B.o.B, American rappers Meek Mill, Young Jeezy, Trae tha Truth, British rappers Skepta, Wretch 32, Blade Brown and Professor Green, American recording artist Jeremih and British singer-songwriters Delilah and Loick Essien - including Mavado, Sevyn and Parker. Production varies from S-X, Dready, The ThundaCatz and Don Cannon, among others. The twenty-track mixtape consists of eighteen original compositions and two remixes.

The mixtape's release was preceded by the underground singles "Let It Breathe", "More Money More Gyal" and "Londoner".

Wretch 32
Jermaine Sinclaire Scott (born 9 March 1985), better known by his stage name Wretch 32 ("three two"), is a British rapper, singer and songwriter from Tottenham, North London. He was a member of the grime collective Combination Chain Gang, before forming The Movement with Scorcher, Ghetts, and Mercston.

In 2011, Wretch 32 had three top-five charting songs from debut album Black and White and amassed over a million record sales, including the single "Don't Go" which peaked at number-one on the UK Singles Chart. In 2012, he was employed by both Adidas and Coca-Cola as one of the main faces of their London 2012 Olympics campaigns and on 1 July 2012, he won 'Best International Act' at the 2012 BET Awards.
Difluoramine
Difluoroamine (also called fluorimide or difluoramine) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NHF2. It consists of an ammonia molecule on which two of the hydrogen atoms have been substituted by fluorine atoms, and is thus the fluorine analog of dichloramine.

Dichloramine
Dichloramine (IUPAC name: Azonous dichloride) is a reactive inorganic compound with the chemical formula NHCl2. It is one of the three chloramines of ammonia, the others being monochloramine (NH2Cl) and nitrogen trichloride (NCl3). This yellow gas is unstable and reacts with many materials. It is formed by a reaction between ammonia and chlorine or sodium hypochlorite. It is a byproduct formed during the synthesis of monochloramine and nitrogen trichloride.
Helen Alexander (businesswoman)
Dame Helen Anne Alexander DBE (10 February 1957 – 5 August 2017) was a British businesswoman. She held numerous directorships and served as the chairman of UBM plc and president of the Confederation of British Industry (CBI). She was made a Dame (DBE) in 2011, and in 2016 was awarded the Legion d'Honneur. She was chancellor of the University of Southampton from 2011 to 2017.

UBM plc
UBM plc was a British business-to-business (B2B) events organiser headquartered in London, England, before its acquisition by Informa in 2018. It had a long history as a multinational media company. Its main focus was on B2B events, but its operations included live media and business-to-business communications, marketing services and data provision, and it principally served the technology, healthcare, trade and transport, ingredients and fashion industries. UBM was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.
Rosemary Feit Covey
Rosemary Feit Covey (born July 17, 1954) is an American printmaker, whose work focuses on wood engraving.

She was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, immigrated to the United States in 1962, and studied at Cornell University and the Maryland Institute College of Art, and with the master wood engraver and illustrator Barry Moser. She currently resides in Alexandria, Virginia, and has a studio at the Torpedo Factory Art Center.

Barry Moser
Barry Moser (born 1940) is an American visual artist and educator, known as a printmaker specializing in wood engravings, and an illustrator of numerous works of literature. He is also the owner and operator of the Pennyroyal Press, an engraving and small book publisher founded in 1970.
Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church Canonical
Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church Canonical (UAOC-C) is an independent Orthodox Church, that declares its canonical origin from the Polish Orthodox Church. As of 2024, it is unrecognized by the wider Eastern Orthodox Church.

Polish Orthodox Church
The Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church (Polish: Polski Autokefaliczny Kościół Prawosławny), commonly known as the Polish Orthodox Church, or Orthodox Church of Poland, is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches in full communion. The church was established in 1924, to accommodate Orthodox Christians of Polish descent in the eastern part of the country, when Poland regained its independence after the First World War.

In total, it has approximately 500,000 adherents (2021). In the Polish census of 2011, 156,000 citizens declared themselves as members.
Luis Manuel Rodríguez
Luis Manuel Rodríguez (17 June 1937 – 8 July 1996) was a Cuban professional boxer. Known as "El Feo", he began his career in pre-Castro Havana. In Cuba, he twice defeated the ill-fated future welterweight champion Benny Paret. He held the Undisputed Welterweight Championship in 1963, and challenged once for the WBA, and WBC middleweight titles in 1969.

After the Cuban Revolution, Rodríguez campaigned in the United States. Fighting out of Miami, Rodriguez decisioned top welterweights such as Virgil Akins and Rudell Stitch.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Pilgrimella
Pilgrimella is an extinct early Eocene genus of anthracobunid, a group of stem perissodactyls (formerly classified with proboscideans). It was a ground dwelling grazer with massive bilophodont molars (cusps aligned in two transverse ridges.) Dental remains of this animal have been found in Chorlakki, Punjab province, Pakistan, and in the Subathu Formation in North-West India.

The genus is considered by some paleontologists as a synonym of Anthracobune.

Anthracobune
Anthracobune ("coal mound") is an extinct genus of stem perissodactyl from the middle Eocene of the Upper Kuldana Formation of Kohat, Punjab, Pakistan.

The size of a small tapir, it lived in a marshy environment and fed on soft aquatic plants. It is the largest-known anthracobunid. This group was formerly classified with proboscideans.
Vector operator
A vector operator is a differential operator used in vector calculus.  Vector operators include:

Gradient is a vector operator that operates on a scalar field, producing a vector field.

Divergence is a vector operator that operates on a vector field, producing a scalar field.

Curl is a vector operator that operates on a vector field, producing a vector field.

Defined in terms of del:

The Laplacian operates on a scalar field, producing a scalar field:

Vector operators must always come right before the scalar field or vector field on which they operate, in order to produce a result. E.g.

yields the gradient of f, but

is just another vector operator, which is not operating on anything.

A vector operator can operate on another vector operator, to produce a compound vector operator, as seen above in the case of the Laplacian.

Scalar field
In mathematics and physics, a scalar field is a function associating a single number to each point in a region of space – possibly physical space. The scalar may either be a pure mathematical number (dimensionless) or a scalar physical quantity (with units).

In a physical context, scalar fields are required to be independent of the choice of reference frame. That is, any two observers using the same units will agree on the value of the scalar field at the same absolute point in space (or spacetime) regardless of their respective points of origin.  Examples used in physics include the temperature distribution throughout space, the pressure distribution in a fluid, and spin-zero quantum fields, such as the Higgs field.  These fields are the subject of scalar field theory.
Denise Cronenberg
Denise Cronenberg (1 October 1938 – 22 May 2020) was a Canadian costume designer.

Cronenberg was born in Toronto, Ontario and was the sister of film director David Cronenberg and the mother of filmmaker Aaron Woodley. She produced work for films such as Dawn of the Dead and The Incredible Hulk.

Cronenberg and her brother first worked together on 1986's The Fly, a remake of the 1958 film of the same name.  They went on to collaborate on many other films including Dead Ringers, Naked Lunch, Crash, Eastern Promises, Spider, and A Dangerous Method, receiving several award nominations for her designs.

She died due to "complications from old age" in Burlington, Ontario in May 2020 at the age of 81.

Naked Lunch (film)
Naked Lunch is a 1991 surrealist science fiction drama film written and directed by David Cronenberg and starring Peter Weller, Judy Davis, Ian Holm, and Roy Scheider. It is an adaptation of William S. Burroughs's 1959 novel Naked Lunch, and an international co-production of Canada, Britain, and Japan.

The film was released on 27 December 1991 in the United States by 20th Century Fox, and 24 April 1992 in the United Kingdom by First Independent Films. It received positive reviews from critics, but was a box office flop, grossing only $2.6 million against a $17–18 million budget due to a limited release. It won numerous honours, including the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director and seven Genie Awards, notably Best Motion Picture. Naked Lunch has since become a cult film, acclaimed for its surrealistic visual and thematic elements.
Kentucky Route 292
Kentucky Route 292 (KY 292) is a 43.2-mile-long (69.5 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway connects mostly rural areas of Pike and Martin counties with South Williamson and Warfield. Nearly the entire highway is located near the West Virginia state line.

South Williamson, Kentucky
South Williamson is an unincorporated community in the Appalachian Mountains of northeastern Pike County, Kentucky, United States, on the border with West Virginia. It is separated from Williamson, West Virginia by the Tug Fork River. The community is located near U.S. Route 119 about 23 miles (37 km) east of Pikeville, Kentucky and 28 miles (45 km) southwest of Logan, West Virginia.

For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined that community as a census-designated place (CDP). The South Williamson area includes the surrounding Kentucky communities of Goody, Forest Hills, Toler, and Belfry. In 1990s, residents of the area voted down a proposal to incorporate the area. Another incorporation attempt was proposed in 2015, and the name Johnsonville was proposed for the new incorporated town.

The local economy is largely fueled by coal mining, transportation, health care, and retail. Southside Mall is located in South Williamson.
Beau Robinson
Beau Robinson (born 15 August 1986) is a former Australian rugby union player, now Leadership & Culture Coach. Robinson played for the NSW Waratahs and Queensland Reds in the Super Rugby, and represented Australia making his senior debut in 2011. Robinson was a Flanker however was able to cover multiple positions in the forwards.

New South Wales Waratahs
The New South Wales Waratahs (/ˈwɒrətɑːz/ or /ˌwɒrəˈtɑːz/;), often referred to as the Waratahs, are an Australian professional rugby union team based in Sydney that represents the majority of New South Wales in the Super Rugby Pacific competition. The Waratahs play their home games at the new Sydney Football Stadium.
Marlene Gerson
Marlene Gerson (born June 1940) is a female former tennis player from South Africa who was active in the late 1950s and the first half of the 1960s. Her best singles result at the Wimbledon Championships was reaching the third round in 1959. Partnering Australian Eva Duldig, she reached the quarterfinal of the doubles event in 1961. At the 1961 Maccabiah Games in Israel, she won gold medals in women's doubles and mixed doubles.

1959 Wimbledon Championships
The 1959 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament was held from Monday 22 June until Saturday 4 July 1959. It was the 73rd staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the third Grand Slam tennis event of 1959.
Marcos Freitas
Marcos André Sousa da Silva Freitas  (born 8 April 1988) is a Portuguese table tennis player who won European Championships medals in singles, doubles, and team events. He represented Portugal four times at the Summer Olympics.

European Table Tennis Championships
The European Table Tennis Championships is an international table tennis competition for the national teams of the member associations of the European Table Tennis Union (ETTU). First held in 1958, the ETTU organised the European Championships every two years in even-numbered years until 2002, when they changed to odd-numbered years. Since 2007, the competition has been contested annually.
Imperial Towers
The Imperial Towers of Ontario were six of the earliest lighthouses built on Lake Huron and Georgian Bay, all constructed primarily of stone, by the Province of Canada. The origin of the designation Imperial is not certain, but some historians speculate that because the towers were public construction built under the colonial administration while Canada was a self-governing colony of Britain, the name would assure at least some funding from the British Empire's Board of Trade.

All were built at a time when commercial shipping traffic was increasing on the Great Lakes between Canada and the U.S. because of new trade agreements and the opening of the Sault Ste. Marie Canal locks in 1855. The settlement of the  Bruce Peninsula was already well underway at the time, also making the lighthouses timely as navigational aids for the boats and ships. All are currently operating as automated lights.

Georgian Bay
Georgian Bay (French: Baie Georgienne) is a large bay of Lake Huron. It is located entirely within the borders of Ontario, Canada. The main body of the bay lies east of the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. To its northwest is the North Channel.

Georgian Bay is surrounded by (listed clockwise) the districts of Manitoulin, Sudbury, Parry Sound and Muskoka, as well as the more populous counties of Simcoe, Grey and Bruce. The Main Channel separates the Bruce Peninsula from Manitoulin Island and connects Georgian Bay to the rest of Lake Huron. The North Channel, located between Manitoulin Island and the Sudbury District, west of Killarney, was once a popular route for steamships and is now used by a variety of pleasure craft to travel to and from Georgian Bay.

The shores and waterways of Georgian Bay are the traditional domain of the Anishinaabeg First Nations peoples to the north and Huron-Petun (Wyandot) to the south. The bay was thus a major Algonquian-Iroquoian trade route.
Pero de Ataíde
Pero de Ataíde or Pedro d'Ataíde (d'Atayde, da Thayde), nicknamed O Inferno (Hell), "for the damage he did to the Moors in Africa", (c. 1450 – February/March, 1504, Mozambique Island) was a Portuguese sea captain in the Indian Ocean active in the early 1500s.  He was briefly captain of the first permanent Portuguese fleet in the Indian Ocean, taking over from Vicente Sodré, and the author of a famous letter giving an account of its fate.

Island of Mozambique
The Island of Mozambique (Portuguese: Ilha de Moçambique) lies off northern Mozambique, between the Mozambique Channel and Mossuril Bay, and is part of Nampula Province. Prior to 1898, it was the capital of colonial Portuguese East Africa.

With its rich history and sandy beaches, the Island of Mozambique is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Mozambique's fastest-growing tourist destinations. It has a permanent population of approximately 14,000 people and is served by nearby Lumbo Airport on the Nampula mainland. The name of the country, Mozambique, is derived from the name of this island.
Masahiro Kawasaki
Masahiro Kawasaki (川崎 真弘, Kawasaki Masahiro, 15 September 1949 – 4 May 2006) was a Japanese musician and composer, born in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka. As a musician, he played keyboards in a number of bands, including Ryudo Uzaki's Ryūdōgumi. As a composer for film, television, and anime, he won awards of excellence at the Japan Academy Prize for his film scores for Rampo and Kin'yu Fushoku Rettō: Jubaku. He was also nominated for best original film score for the Taiwanese film Rice Rhapsody at the Golden Horse Awards.

He died of liver cancer at the age of 56 on 4 May 2006 in Inage-ku, Chiba.

Rampo (film)
Rampo (らんぽ, Ranpo) is a 1994 Japanese movie. It is based on the stories of Edogawa Rampo. It was released in the United States by The Samuel Goldwyn Company as The Mystery of Rampo. Originally shot by Rintaro Mayuzumi, the director had a falling out with producer Okuyama who then reshot much of the film and added many of the surreal elements.
The Neighbors season 1
The first season of the American television science fiction comedy series The Neighbors premiered on September 26, 2012 and concluded on March 27, 2013 on ABC. The series was created by Dan Fogelman and produced by Fogelman, Chris Koch, Aaron Kaplan, John Hoberg, Kat Likkel, Kristin Newman, Kirker Butler, and Jeffrey Morton. The series follows the Weavers (Jami Gertz, Lenny Venito, Max Charles, Isabella Cramp, and Clara Mamet), a family of humans who relocate to a gated community, which happens to be inhabited by aliens, such as the Bird-Kersees (Simon Templeman, Toks Olagundoye, Ian Patrick, and Tim Jo).

Lenny Venito
Lenny Venito   is an American actor, who has made appearances in films such as Gigli, Men in Black 3, and War of the Worlds. He also starred as Marty Weaver in the ABC comedy The Neighbors and James "Murmur" Zancone on The Sopranos.
The Missouri Mauler
Larry Edward "Rocky" Hamilton (April 1, 1931 – July 20, 1996), better known by his ring name the Missouri Mauler, was an American professional wrestler who competed in the National Wrestling Alliance, becoming a mainstay of the latter promotion throughout the 1960s.

One of the earliest professional wrestlers to appear on televised wrestling events, he feuded with many popular wrestlers of the era including Jack Brisco, "Plowboy" Stan Frazier, Steve Keirn, Tim Woods, Tarzan Tyler and Fritz Von Erich during his 31-year career.

He is also the older brother of wrestler Jody Hamilton who competed as the masked wrestler the Assassin as well as the uncle of former World Championship Wrestling official Nick Patrick.

Tarzan Tyler
Camille Laurent "Tarzan" Tourville (December 4, 1927 – December 24, 1985), better known by his ring name Tarzan "The Boot" Tyler, was a Canadian professional wrestler and manager. He was one-half of the first WWWF World Tag Team Champions, along with Luke Graham.
The Execution of All Things (song)
"The Execution of All Things" is the title track of Los Angeles-based indie rock band Rilo Kiley's second album. It was released as a single on September 22, 2003, via Saddle Creek. Rilo Kiley's cover of The Velvet Underground's "After Hours" appears as a b-side, as does a new track called "Emotional (Until Crickets Guide You Back)". The single and its b-sides are available to download on the iTunes Store.

After Hours (The Velvet Underground song)
"After Hours" is a 1969 song written by Lou Reed and originally performed by the Velvet Underground, "about a timid person watching others having fun and wishing they could join in". It is the tenth and final track on their self-titled third album. It is one of few songs with lead vocals by drummer Maureen Tucker, as Lou Reed stated the song was "so innocent and pure" that he could not possibly sing it himself. Tucker's vocals are accompanied by acoustic and bass guitar. The style of the lyrics and the music is somewhat reminiscent of Tin Pan Alley songs of the 1930s.