hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Binnal
Binnal is a village in the Yelburga taluk of Koppal district in the Indian state of Karnataka.
Binnal is 17 km from Kuknoor and 22 km from Gadag. Binnal can be reached by Gadag-Kuknoor route via Harlapur-Yarehanchinal.

Koppal
Koppal or Koppala is the district headquarters of Koppal district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Koppal is surrounded on three sides by hills. It was known as Kopana Nagara. The town has historical landmarks such as the Koppal Fort, Gavimath (a religious shrine), and the Male Mallappa Temple. Historically, Koppal was known as Jaina Kashi, meaning the "Kashi" or most-sacred-place for Jains. It was so named because there were more than 700 Basadis (also called Bastis), Jain meditation halls or Prarthana Mandirs. Koppal district was carved out of Raichur district, located in the northern part of Karnataka state, on 1 April 1998. Major tourist attractions include the Krishnadevaraya Tomb, Anjanadri Parvata, Huligamma Temple, Pampa Sarovara, among others.
Shifeng Bridge
Shifeng Bridge (simplified Chinese: 石丰桥; traditional Chinese: 石豐橋; pinyin: Shífēng Qiáo) is a cable-stayed bridge on Beijing's western 5th Ring Road. It is near Wanping, near the Marco Polo Bridge. About 1.4 km long.

Under the bridge runs many railways to other parts of China.

The bridge is so named because it crosses from Shijingshan District into Fengtai District. ("Shi" stands for "石" and "Feng" stands for "丰".)

Shifeng Bridge is well illuminated at night.

Marco Polo Bridge
The Marco Polo Bridge or Lugou Bridge (simplified Chinese: 卢沟桥; traditional Chinese: 盧溝橋; pinyin: Lúgōu Qiáo) is a stone bridge located 15 km southwest of Beijing's city center in the Fengtai District.  It bridges the Yongding River, a major tributary of Hai River.  Situated at the eastern end of the bridge is the Wanping Fortress, a historic 17th-century fortress, with the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression inside.

The Marco Polo Bridge is well known because it was highly praised by the Venetian traveler Marco Polo during his visit to China in the 13th century (leading the bridge to become known in Europe simply as the Marco Polo Bridge), and for the 20th-century Marco Polo Bridge Incident, which marked the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945).

In recent years, the water of Yongding River has been diverted to different areas of Beijing, so there is often no water under the bridge.
Vincenzo Mazza
Vincenzo Mazza (c 1748–1790) was an Italian painter and scenic designer for theaters, mainly in his native Bologna. In 1788, he served as principe of Accademia Clementina. He served as architetto teatrale for the Teatro Pubblico of Bologna.

As a scenic designer for Bolognese theaters, he also worked in a sphere that included Antonio Bibiena, Raimondo Compangnini, Vincenzo Martinelli, Paolo Dardani, Gaetano Alemani, Vicenzo Conti, and Mauro Braccioli.

Gaetano Alemani
Gaetano Alemani  (or Alamanni; 1728 - 14 December 1782) was an Italian painter, active mainly in Bologna in the architectural and ornamental painting (quadratura) for the decoration of churches and theatres, as well as a scenic designer.
Adidas Copa Mundial
The Adidas Copa Mundial (Spanish for World Cup) is a football boot manufactured by multinational corporation Adidas and released in 1979. They were designed for the 1982 FIFA World Cup held in Spain. Going through very slight changes since then, the Copa is made in Scheinfeld, inbetween Würzburg and Nuremberg in Germany. It has a kangaroo leather upper. Additional leather supports are provided from the heel, which are intended to improve durability and stability.

Kangaroo leather
Kangaroo leather is a strong, lightweight leather derived from the hide of the kangaroo.

Kangaroos are harvested. Both the meat and the hides are sold.  Although hunting most species of macropod is prohibited, a small number of the large-sized species with high populations can be hunted by commercial hunters. This policy has been criticised by some wildlife activists.
Graham Elliot
Graham Elliot Bowles (born January 4, 1977) is an American chef, restaurateur, and reality television personality. He first gained recognition in the restaurant business as a three-time nominee for the James Beard Award. In 2004, he was named to Food & Wine's "Best New Chefs" list and became the youngest chef in the United States to receive four stars from a major publication (Chicago Tribune, Chicago Sun-Times).

Among television viewers, he gained fame as a contestant on the programs Iron Chef and Top Chef Masters, and as a judge on the first six seasons of the American MasterChef and its spinoff, MasterChef Junior.

Top Chef Masters
Top Chef Masters is an American reality competition series that aired on the cable television network Bravo between June 10, 2009 and September 25, 2013. A spinoff of Bravo's hit show Top Chef, the show was produced by Magical Elves and mostly filmed in Los Angeles. Professional chefs competed to win $100,000, an amount won by Rick Bayless, Marcus Samuelsson, Floyd Cardoz, Chris Cosentino, and Douglas Keane. A combination of Stone, James Oseland, Gael Greene, Jay Rayner, Gail Simmons, Ruth Reichl, Krista Simmons, Francis Lam, and Lesley Suter judged each series, while Kelly Choi hosted the first two series and Curtis Stone hosted the final three.
Pecos, Texas
Pecos (/ˈpeɪkəs/ PAY-kəs) is the largest city in and the county seat of Reeves County, Texas, United States. It is in the valley on the west bank of the Pecos River at the eastern edge of the Chihuahuan Desert, in the Trans-Pecos region of West Texas and just south of New Mexico's border. Its population was 12,916 at the 2020 census. On January 24, 2012, Pecos City appeared on the Forbes 400 as the second-fastest growing small town in the United States. The city is a regional commercial center for ranching, oil and gas production, and agriculture. The city is most recognized for its association with the local cultivation of cantaloupes. Pecos claims to be the site of the world's first rodeo on July 4, 1883.

Cantaloupe
The cantaloupe (sometimes spelled cantaloup in Canadian English; less commonly cantalope in American English) (/ˈkæn.tə.loʊp/, KAN-tə-lohp or /ˈkæn.tə.luːp/, KAN-tə-loop) is a type of true melon (Cucumis melo) with sweet, aromatic, and usually orange flesh. Originally, cantaloup referred to the true cantaloupe or European cantaloupe with non- to slightly netted and often ribbed rind. Today, it also refers to the muskmelon with strongly netted rind, which is called cantaloupe in North America (hence the name American cantaloupe), rockmelon in Australia and New Zealand, and spanspek in Southern Africa. Cantaloupes range in mass from 0.5 to 5 kilograms (1 to 11 lb).
History of the Cook Islands
The Cook Islands are named after Captain James Cook, who visited the islands in 1773 and 1777, although Spanish navigator Alvaro de Mendaña was the first European to reach the islands in 1595. The Cook Islands became aligned to the United Kingdom in 1890, largely because of the fear of British residents that France might occupy the islands as it already had Tahiti.

By 1900, the islands were annexed as British territory. In 1901, the islands were included within the boundaries of the Colony of New Zealand.

The Cook Islands contain 15 islands in the group spread over a vast area in the South Pacific. The majority of islands are low coral atolls in the Northern Group, with Rarotonga, a volcanic island in the Southern Group, as the main administration and government centre. The most spoken Cook Islands language is Rarotongan Māori. Different dialects of Cook Islands Maori are spoken on the other islands.

Colony of New Zealand
The Colony of New Zealand was a colony of the United Kingdom from 1841 to 1907. British authority was vested in a governor. The colony had three successive capitals: Okiato (or Old Russell) in 1841; Auckland from 1841 to 1865; and Wellington from 1865. Following the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, the colony became a Crown colony with its first elected parliament in 1853. Responsible self-government was established in 1856 with the governor required to act on the advice of his ministers. In 1907, the colony became the Dominion of New Zealand.
Phil Marsh
Philip Marsh (born 15 November 1986) is an English footballer who plays for Pilkington as a striker.

He started his career at Manchester United where he played one game in the League Cup against Crewe Alexandra, before moving down the ladder to join Blackpool. He later moved into non-league football, joining Northwich Victoria in 2008. Later that year he had a short spell with Conference North side Hyde United before leaving after only making five appearances, joining Leigh Genesis where he stayed until March 2009 before being released and subsequently joining FC United of Manchester where he spent a season before moving back to Tameside to join Stalybridge Celtic at the start of the 2010–11 season, finishing his first year at Stalybridge as the club's top goalscorer. In the summer of 2012, Marsh signed for Forest Green Rovers.

Stalybridge Celtic F.C.
Stalybridge Celtic Football Club is an English football club based in Stalybridge, Greater Manchester. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One West and play at Bower Fold. The team traditionally plays in a blue and white strip.

In 1921, Stalybridge Celtic became a founder member of the Football League's Third Division North. After only two seasons in the new league, they became the first club to leave the new division.
The Mare
The Mare is a 2015 novel by American author Mary Gaitskill. The story focuses on a young Dominican girl, Velvet Vargas, who moves to upstate New York to live with a white couple for a few weeks and her encounters with a horse, Fugly Girl, at a neighboring stable. The novel was partially inspired by Gaitskill's own experience hosting a child with the charity Fresh Air Fund and Enid Bagnold's 1935 novel National Velvet. The novel received primarily positive reviews.

National Velvet
National Velvet is a novel by Enid Bagnold (1889–1981), first published in 1935. It was illustrated by Laurian Jones, Bagnold's daughter, who was born in 1921. The novel tells the story of a teenaged girl who wins a horse racing competition. It was a best-seller, and adapted into a highly successful 1944 film and a 1960-62 television series.
The Lonely Wild
The Lonely Wild is an American indie folk band based in Los Angeles, California. The group's debut album, The Sun As It Comes, was released on April 2, 2013, via their own Ursa Major Recordings with distribution and marketing by Thirty Tigers/RED Distribution. On October 2, 2015, the band released their second album Chasing White Light on Fast Plastic/ eOne Music.

MNRK Music Group
MNRK Music Group (pronounced "monarch"), formerly known as Koch Records and Entertainment One (eOne) Music, is an American independent record label and music management company based in New York City. It was formed in 1987 as a music division of Koch Entertainment, which was acquired by and absorbed into Entertainment One (or eOne for short) in 2004. eOne was acquired by toy and multimedia company Hasbro in 2019, absorbed its family brands division in the process and announced the sale of this division to the Blackstone Group in April 2021, which then adopted this name. Hasbro then sold the remains of eOne to Lionsgate, who then rebranded it initially as eOne Canada and then Lionsgate Canada.

MNRK owns the libraries of Artemis Records, Dualtone Records, Last Gang Records and Prosthetic Records.
Graniteville Historic District (South Carolina)
The Graniteville Historic District encompasses one of the first textile company towns to be established in the Southern United States. Built in the late 1840s by William Gregg near Aiken, South Carolina, and now known as Graniteville, it was modeled after New England mill towns. Gregg used the success of this enterprise to advocate for the industrialization of the South, laying the groundwork for its eventual domination of the American textile industry. The district, which includes the original canal, mill building, mill worker housing, and a period church, was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1978.

William Gregg (industrialist)
William Gregg (February 2, 1800 – September 12, 1867) was an ardent advocate of industrialization in the antebellum Southern United States and the founder of the Graniteville Mill, the largest textile mill in South Carolina during the antebellum period. Gregg was a revolutionary figure in the textile industry. His practice of having his employees live in company-owned homes became common.

Gregg publicized his ideas in his 1845 Essays on Domestic Industry. He argued that economic domination by the North was best met by Southern industrialization. He gained sufficient support for his own efforts, but was unable to bring about any general change in the agrarian southern economy.
Matthew Lewis (footballer)
Matthew Lewis (born 6 June 1990) is an Australian former professional footballer who last played for Blacktown City in the National Premier Leagues NSW. Considered a club legend, Lewis has made over 300 official appearances as a defender for the Demons.

Blacktown City FC
Blacktown City Football Club is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in Blacktown, New South Wales. Founded in 1953, the club currently competes in the National Premier Leagues NSW. Blacktown City's home ground is Landen Stadium in the suburb of Seven Hills.
Seneschal of Gascony
The Seneschal of Gascony was an officer carrying out and managing the domestic affairs of the lord of the Duchy of Gascony. During the course of the twelfth century, the seneschalship also became an office of military command. After 1360, the officer was the Seneschal of Aquitaine. There was an office above the seneschalcy, the Lieutenancy of the Duchy of Aquitaine, but it was filled only intermittently (in times of emergency).

The seneschal managed the household, coordinating between the receivers of various landholdings and the chamber, treasury, and the chancellory or chapel. The seneschals of Gascony, like those appointed in Normandy, Poitou, and Anjou, had custody of demesne fortresses, the regional treasuries, and presidency of the highest court of regional custom. Detailed records of the Gascon Exchequers during the reign of Henry III of England indicate that there most likely was a functioning exchequer.

Seneschal of Anjou
The seneschal of Anjou (siniscallus, Vulgar or old Frankish Latin, also dapifer) was an officer of an aristocratic household assigned to manage the domestic affairs of the lords of Anjou.  During the course of the twelfth century, the seneschalship also became an office of military command.
1946 UCI Road World Championships
The 1946 UCI Road World Championships was the nineteen edition of the UCI Road World Championships. It took place in Zürich, Switzerland on 31 August and 1 September 1946.

It was the third time the championships were organized in Zürich, after the 1923 and 1929 editions.

The course, with Zürich as both start and finish place, was around 189km for the amateurs and 270km for professional cyclists. Winner Hans Knecht finished with an average speed of 36.448 km/h.

In the same period, the 1946 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was organized in the Oerlikon Velodrome in Zürich.

1923 UCI Road World Championships
The 1923 UCI Road World Championships was the third edition of the UCI Road World Championships. It took place on Saturday 23 August 1923 in Zürich, Switzerland and consisted of 1 race for amateur cyclists.

In the same period, the 1923 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was organized in the Oerlikon Velodrome of Zürich.
Charles Henry Sampson
Charles Henry Sampson (1859-1936) was Principal of Brasenose College, Oxford, from 1920  until his death.

Sampson was born in Bristol and educated at Bristol Grammar School and Balliol College, Oxford. A mathematician, he became a Fellow of Brasenose in 1882; a Tutor in 1884; and a Senior Tutor in 1894.

His son Ronald died in the Great War. Sampson himself died on 5 November 1936.

Tutoring
Tutoring is private academic help, usually provided by an expert teacher; someone with deep knowledge or defined expertise in a particular subject or set of subjects.

A tutor, formally also called an academic tutor, is a person who provides assistance or tutelage to one or more people on certain subject areas or skills. The tutor spends a few hours on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis to transfer their expertise on the topic or skill to the student (also called a tutee). Tutoring can take place in different settings.
Allan Haggo
Allan Haggo (born 30 November 1961) is a cricket umpire from Scotland. In 2015, he was inducted into the ICC Associates and Affiliates Umpire Panel along with Ian Ramage, another Scottish umpire.

On 14 August 2016, he made his One Day International umpiring debut in a fixture between Scotland and the United Arab Emirates at The Grange Club, Edinburgh in the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship. On 12 June 2018, he stood in his first Twenty20 International (T20I) match, between Scotland and Pakistan.

He was one of the eight on-field umpires for the 2019 ICC World Cricket League Division Two tournament in Namibia. He was one of the on-field umpires for the 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup in the West Indies.

Ian Ramage
Ian Ramage (born 5 November 1958) is a cricket umpire from Scotland. He stood in his first One Day International (ODI) match on 24 August 2008, between Ireland and Kenya in Belfast. His Twenty20 International (T20I) umpiring debut match was on 24 July 2012, between Bangladesh and Scotland in The Hague.

He was one of the 17 on-field umpires for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. In March 2019, Ramage announced his retirement from international duties, but would continue to work with the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB). He appeared in four U19 World Cup and is the most decorated Scottish umpire of all time
Jazz Has a Sense of Humor
Jazz Has a Sense of Humor is the last-recorded studio album by jazz pianist Horace Silver, released on the Verve label in 1998. The album features performances by Silver with Ryan Kisor, Jimmy Greene, John Webber, and Willie Jones III.

Willie Jones III
Willie Jones III (born June 8, 1968, in Los Angeles, California) is a jazz drummer. He has played, toured, and recorded with Horace Silver, Roy Hargrove, Hank Jones, Cedar Walton, and Herbie Hancock. He played on Arturo Sandoval's Grammy-winning album Hot House (1998).
Clam dip
Clam dip is a dipping sauce and condiment prepared with clams, sour cream or cream cheese, and seasonings as primary ingredients. Various additional ingredients can be used. It is usually served chilled, although it is sometimes served hot or at room temperature. It is used as a dip for potato chips, crackers, bread, and crudités. Commercial varieties of clam dip are mass-produced by some companies and marketed to consumers in grocery stores and supermarkets.

Potato chips
Potato chips (North American and Australian English; often just chips) or crisps (British and Irish English) are thin slices of potato (or a thin deposit of potato paste) that have been deep-fried, baked, or air-fried until crunchy. They are commonly served as a snack, appetizer or side dish. Basic potato chips are cooked and salted; additional varieties are manufactured using various seasonings, flavorings and ingredients including herbs, spices, cheeses, other natural flavors, artificial flavors, and additives.

Potato chips form a large part of the snack food and convenience food market in Western countries. The global potato chip market generated total revenue of US$16.49 billion in 2005. This accounted for 35.5% of the total savory snacks market in that year (which was $46.1 billion overall).
BC Almaty
Basketball Club "BC" Almaty (Russian: Баскетбольный клуб "БК" Алматы) is a Kazakhstani professional basketball club based in the city of Almaty in southern Kazakhstan.

Founded in 2006, it has played under the name Almaty Legion (Russian: Алматинский легион) since 2014. The club has competed in the Kazakhstan Basketball Championship -  losing twice in the championship final – and the Kazakhstan Basketball Cup, which they won in 2015.

For the 2014–15 season, the team also competed in the Russian Basketball Super League, the professional second division league in Russia.

Russian Basketball Super League 1
The Russian Basketball Super League 1, or Super Liga 1, (Russian: Баскетбольная Cуперлига 1), formerly known as the Russian Basketball Super League A or the Russian Basketball Super Liga A, is a men's professional basketball league that was the pre-eminent league of Russian professional basketball until 2010. Currently, it is the second-tier division of the Russian professional basketball pyramid. The league is run by the Russian Basketball Federation (RBF).
Gurrumul's toadlet
Gurrumul's toadlet (Uperoleia gurrumuli) is a species of frog in the family Myobatrachidae. It is endemic to the Wessel Islands of the Northern Territory, Australia. It is only known from 3 specimens (one female and two juveniles) collected in 1993 and was found to be a distinct species via genetic analysis, and thus little is known about its diagnostic features from other Uperoleia species. It can be distinguished from the stonemason's toadlet (U. lithomoda) by its rounded inguinal glands, but appears physically identical to the flood plain toadlet (U. inundata).

It was named in honor of Yolngu musician Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu.

Stonemason's toadlet
The stonemason toadlet (Uperoleia lithomoda) is a species of frog in the family Myobatrachidae.
It is found in Australia, Papua New Guinea, and possibly Indonesia.
Its natural habitats are dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, intermittent rivers, intermittent freshwater lakes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.
Johann Eduard Wappäus
Johann Eduard Wappäus (17 May 1812, Hamburg – 16 December 1879, Göttingen) was a German geographer. He was a son-in-law to mineralogist Johann Friedrich Ludwig Hausmann.

He studied at the Universities of Göttingen and Berlin, where he was a student of Carl Ritter. In 1833–34 he took part in a study trip to Cape Verde and Brazil.  In 1838 he qualified as a lecturer at Göttingen, where in 1845, he became an associate professor. In 1854 he was appointed professor of geography and statistics at Göttingen.

His most widely known work was a new edition of the "Stein-Hörschelmann" Handbuchs der Geographie und Statistik, of which, he published three exceptional volumes on the Americas. From 1848 to 1863, and from 1874 to 1879, he was editor of the Göttingischen Gelehrten Anzeigen.

Carl Ritter
Carl Ritter (August 7, 1779 – September 28, 1859) was a German geographer. Along with Alexander von Humboldt, he is considered one of the founders of modern geography, as they established it as an independent scientific discipline. From 1825 until his death, he occupied the first chair in geography at the University of Berlin.
Shellharbour Junction railway station
Shellharbour Junction railway station is a railway station located in Dunmore in the City of Shellharbour, New South Wales, Australia, on the Illawarra railway line. The station is served by Sydney Trains South Coast Line trains traveling south to Kiama and north to Wollongong and Sydney. Premier Illawarra operates a connecting bus service from the station to Shellharbour.

Premier Transport Group
Premier Transport Group is an Australian operator of bus and coach services in New South Wales and Queensland. Its origins can be traced back to December 1987 when John King purchased Nowra Coaches. It has since expanded through a number of acquisitions.