hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sulpicia gens
The gens Sulpicia was one of the most ancient patrician families at ancient Rome, and produced a succession of distinguished men, from the foundation of the Republic to the imperial period.  The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus, in 500 BC, only nine years after the expulsion of the Tarquins, and the last of the name who appears on the consular list was Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus in AD 158.  Although originally patrician, the family also possessed plebeian members, some of whom may have been descended from freedmen of the gens.

Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus
Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus was a Roman senator active in the mid-2nd century. He held the consulship in 158 with Quintus Sacerdos as his colleague. Tertullus was afterwards proconsular governor of Asia in 173/174. He is known entirely from inscriptions.
The Beguiled (2017 film)
The Beguiled is a 2017 American Southern Gothic thriller film written and directed by Sofia Coppola, based on the 1966 novel by Thomas P. Cullinan. It stars Colin Farrell, Nicole Kidman, Kirsten Dunst, and Elle Fanning. It is the second film adaptation of Cullinan's novel, following Don Siegel's 1971 film.

It premiered at the Cannes Film Festival on May 24, 2017, and was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or in its main competition section, where 
Coppola became just the second woman to win the Best Director award (after Yuliya Solntseva in 1961). The film was released theatrically in the United States on June 23, 2017, by Focus Features.

Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director
The Best Director Award (French: Prix de la mise en scène) is an award presented annually at the Cannes Film Festival since 1946. It is given for the best achievement in directing and is chosen by the International Jury from the films in the Competition slate at the festival.

At the 1st Cannes Film Festival held in 1946, René Clément was the first winner of this award for his work on The Battle of the Rails, and Kleber Mendonça Filho is the most recent winner in this category for his work on The Secret Agent at the 78th Cannes Film Festival in 2025.
Danuta Kordaczuk
Danuta Kordaczuk-Wagner (2 September 1939 – 10 April 1988) was a Polish volleyball player and head coach, a member of Poland women's national volleyball team in 1956–1970, a bronze medalist of the Olympic Games Tokyo 1964, a bronze medalist of the World Championship (1956, 1962) and medalist of the European Championship (silver in 1963, bronze in 1958).

1962 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1962 FIVB Women's World Championship was the fourth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 13 to 25 October 1962 in the Soviet Union.

As a tournament held once every four years and following its last edition in 1960, the subsequent tournament should have been in 1964. When volleyball became an Olympic sport starting in the 1964 Games, the FIVB decided to move the World Championships from the Olympic years to be played in between Olympic Games, therefore anticipating the 1964 edition to 1962.
Kalidas Jayaram
Kalidas Jayaram (born 16 December 1993) is an Indian actor who appears predominantly in Tamil and Malayalam films. The son of film actors Jayaram and Parvathy, Kalidas made his debut in the Malayalam film Kochu Kochu Santhoshangal (2000) at the age of six. Later, he starred in Ente Veedu Appuvinteyum (2003), which won him the National Film Award for Best Child Artist.

National Film Award for Best Child Artist
The National Film Award for Best Child Artist is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Silver Lotus (Rajat Kamal).

The award was instituted in 1968, at 16th National Film Awards and awarded annually for films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages. The actors whose performances have won awards have worked in eleven major languages. Hindi (24 awards), Marathi (16 awards), Tamil (14 awards), Malayalam (14 awards), Kannada (7 awards), Bengali (6 awards), Telugu (4 awards), Meitei (1 award), Konkani (1 award), Assamese (1 award), Odia (1 award).
Stadiametric rangefinding
Stadiametric rangefinding, or the stadia method / stadiametry, is a technique of measuring distances with a telescopic instrument. The term stadia comes from a Greek unit of length Stadion (equal to 600 Greek feet, pous) which was the typical length of a sports stadium of the time. Stadiametric rangefinding is used for surveying and in the telescopic sights of firearms, artillery pieces, or tank guns, as well as some binoculars and other optics.  It is still widely used in long-range military sniping, but in many professional applications it is being replaced with microwave, infrared, or laser rangefinding methods.  Although much easier to use, electronic rangefinders can give away the shooter's position to a well-equipped adversary, and the need for accurate range estimation has existed for much longer than electronic rangefinders small and rugged enough to be suitable for military use.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
Zeos Pocket PC
The Zeos Pocket PC is a palmtop PC marketed by Zeos International beginning in 1992. The palmtop features an NEC V30 clocked at 7.15 MHz, came shipped with MS-DOS 5.0 in ROM, and has a monochrome LCD capable of displaying graphics at maximum resolution of 640×200 (CGA). These features make the Pocket PC compatible with most IBM PC software out at the time of its release. The Pocket PC is a badge-engineered version of the Tidalwave PS-1000, manufactured by Tidalwave Microtech of Taiwan. It sought to compete with the Poqet PC, another PC-compatible palmtop computer.

NEC V20
The NEC V20 is a microprocessor that was designed and produced by NEC. It is both pin compatible and object-code compatible with the Intel 8088, with an instruction set architecture (ISA) similar to that of the Intel 80188 with some extensions. The V20 was introduced in November 1982.
1949 Plymouth
The 1949 Plymouth was a range of full-size cars in the lower price segment, produced under the American brands Plymouth, Dodge, and DeSoto by the Chrysler Corporation from 1949 to 1952. For the U.S. market, the range included the Plymouth De Luxe and Special De Luxe models, and from 1951, the Plymouth Concord, Cambridge, and Cranbrook. For export, these cars were produced under the Dodge and DeSoto brands. Over 2.1 million units were manufactured under the Plymouth brand.

DeSoto (automobile)
DeSoto (sometimes De Soto) was an American automobile brand that was manufactured and marketed by the DeSoto division of Chrysler Corporation  from 1928 to the 1961 model year. More than two million passenger cars and trucks bore the DeSoto brand in North American markets during its existence.
Subrata Bhattacharya
Subrata Bhattacharya (Bengali: সুব্রত ভট্টাচার্য; born 3 March 1953) is an Indian football manager and former professional footballer. He primarily played as a defender for India national team and spent seventeen years playing for Mohun Bagan. He won the Indian National Football League twice as a coach of Mohun Bagan. He was conferred with the Arjuna Award in 1989.

Mohun Bagan AC
Mohun Bagan Athletic Club is an Indian professional multi-sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1889, it is one of the oldest multi-sports clubs in Asia. The club has various sports departments like football, cricket, hockey, tennis, athletics and eSports.
Macready baronets
The Macready Baronetcy, of Cheltenham in the County of Gloucester, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 1 March 1923 for General Nevil Macready. He was Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police from 1918 to 1920 and Commander-in-Chief of Ireland from 1920 to 1922. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baronet. He was a Lieutenant-General in the Army and held several administrative posts in occupied Germany after the Second World War. The third Baronet was managing director of Mobil Oil from 1975 to 1985.

William Charles Macready, father of the first Baronet, was an actor.

Nevil Macready
General Sir Cecil Frederick Nevil Macready, 1st Baronet, GCMG, KCB, PC (Ire) (7 May 1862 – 9 January 1946), known affectionately as Make-Ready (close to the correct pronunciation of his name), was a British Army officer. He served in senior staff appointments in the First World War and was the last British military commander in Ireland, and also served for two years as Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis in London.
Oyster Bay Bank Building
The Oyster Bay Bank Building was constructed in 1891 and served as the first bank in Oyster Bay on Long Island, New York. In addition to the bank, other users have included the Masons of Matinecock Lodge, Theodore Roosevelt while he served as Governor of New York, and architect Edward Durrell Stone. Today this building is a featured site on the Oyster Bay History Walk audio walking tour.

Oyster Bay History Walk
The Oyster Bay History Walk is a path through downtown Oyster Bay, New York  that leads the walker to 30 historic sites.  It is a 1-mile loop and is the first certified American Heart Association Start! Walking Path on Long Island.
Church of St. Elizabeth of Hungary in Łódź
Church of St. Elizabeth of Hungary in Łódź (Polish: Kościół św. Elżbiety Węgierskiej) is a Roman Catholic church built in the interwar period in Anastazy Pankiewicz street (formerly: Sporna Street). The several-storey building next to it contains the monastery of Bernards, Bernardine and Catholic High School. The artistic polychrome, made by Zygmunt Acedański in 1960, was painted in white. The main altar of St. Elżbieta Węgierska, Saint Francis of Assisi, Saint Piotr and Our Lady of Fátima. Side altars: Saint Anthony of Padua, Father Anastazy Pankiewicz. Classic organs were dismantled due to the poor quality of the instrument. Electronic organs are used.

Elizabeth of Hungary
Elizabeth of Hungary (German: Heilige Elisabeth von Thüringen, Hungarian: Árpád-házi Szent Erzsébet, Slovak: Svätá Alžbeta Uhorská; 7 July 1207 – 17 November 1231), also known as Elisabeth of Thuringia, was a princess of the Kingdom of Hungary and the landgravine of Thuringia.

Elizabeth was married at the age of 14, and widowed at 20. After her husband's death, she regained her dowry, using the money to build a hospital where she herself served the sick. She became a symbol of Christian charity after her death in 1231 at the age of 24 and was canonized on 25 May 1235. She is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church. She was an early member of the Third Order of St. Francis, and is today honored as its patroness.
Bernese Mountain Dog
The Bernese Mountain Dog, German: Berner Sennenhund or Dürrbächler, is a large dog breed originating from the canton of Bern, Switzerland and the Swiss Alps. It is one of four Sennenhund-type breeds, with ancestral roots in Roman mastiffs. The name Berner (or Bernese in English) refers to the breed's area of origin in the canton of Bern, and Sennenhund is derived from the German Senne ("alpine pasture") and Hund ("hound/dog"), as they accompanied the alpine herders and dairymen called Senne (m pl; Senn, m sg). Historically used as a general farm dog, the large Sennenhunde also pulled carts as draft animals. The breed was formally recognized in 1912.

Working dog
A working dog is a dog used to perform practical tasks, as opposed to pet or companion dogs.

Definitions vary on what a working dog is, they are sometimes described as any dog trained for and employed in meaningful work; other times as any dog whose breed heritage or physical characteristics lend itself to working irrespective of an individual animal's training or employment; and other times again it is used as a synonym for herding dog.
Bill Musgrave
William Scott Musgrave (born November 11, 1967) is an American football coach and former player who is the quarterbacks coach for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Oregon Ducks, earning all-conference honors in the Pac-10. He is also the uncle of Green Bay Packers tight end Luke Musgrave.

Musgrave is a 21-year coaching veteran with 19 years of NFL experience as a quarterbacks coach or offensive coordinator. He has previously coached in the NFL with the Denver Broncos (2017–18), Oakland Raiders (2015–16, 1997), Philadelphia Eagles (2014, 1998), Minnesota Vikings (2011–13), Atlanta Falcons (2006–10), Washington Redskins (2005), Jacksonville Jaguars (2003–04) and Carolina Panthers (1999–2000). During his coaching career, Musgrave helped five different quarterbacks to Pro Bowl seasons: Joe Flacco (2025), Shedeur Sanders (2025), Derek Carr (2015–16), Matt Ryan (2010) and Steve Beuerlein (1999).

Derek Carr
Derek Dallas Carr (born March 28, 1991) is an American former professional football quarterback who played 11 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Fresno State Bulldogs, receiving first-team All-Mountain West Conference honors twice before being selected by the Oakland Raiders in the second round of the 2014 NFL draft.

A four-time Pro Bowler, Carr helped the Raiders reach the playoffs during the 2016 season, the franchise's first appearance since 2002, as well as another postseason berth in 2021. Following a 2022 season that was below expectations, Carr lost his starting job and agreed with Raiders leadership to be released following the conclusion of the season. He left the Raiders as the franchise leader in passing yards, passing touchdowns, and pass completions. After leaving the Raiders, Carr played two seasons for the New Orleans Saints before announcing his retirement in 2025 due to a severe rotator cuff injury.
David Chillingworth
David Robert Chillingworth (born 23 June 1951) is an Anglican bishop. He was Bishop of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane between 2004 and 2017, until his retirement. He was also the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church from 2009 to 2016.

Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church
The primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church, styled "The Most Reverend the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church", is the presiding bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church.  The current Primus is the Most Revd. Mark Strange who became primus on 27 June 2017.

The word primus literally means "first" in Latin and is cognate to the related episcopal title Primate.
Trader Joe's
Trader Joe's Company is an American grocery store chain headquartered in Monrovia, California, with 631 locations across the United States as of January 15, 2026.

The first Trader Joe's store was opened in 1967 by founder Joe Coulombe in Pasadena, California. Theo Albrecht, the co-founder of Aldi, bought the chain in 1979. Today, its ownership is structured so Aldi Nord is a sister company, with both directly belonging to three foundations (Markus-Stiftung, Jacobus-Stiftung and Lukas-Stiftung) of the Albrecht family. The company has offices in Monrovia and Boston, Massachusetts.

Theo Albrecht
Theodor Paul Albrecht (German: [ˈalbʁɛçt]; 28 March 1922 – 24 July 2010) was a German entrepreneur. He established the discount supermarket chain Aldi with his brother Karl Albrecht. In 2010, Theo was ranked by Forbes as the 31st richest person in the world, with a net worth of $16.7 billion (equivalent to $24,080,314,360 in 2024).
Marco Polo (1851 ship)
Marco Polo was a three-masted wooden clipper ship, launched in 1851 at Saint John, New Brunswick. She was named after Venetian traveler Marco Polo. The ship carried emigrants and passengers to Australia and was the first vessel to make the round trip from Liverpool in under six months. Later in her career, the ship was used as a cargo ship before running aground off Cavendish, Prince Edward Island, in 1883.

Ship grounding
Ship grounding or ship stranding is the impact of a ship on seabed or
waterway side.  It may be intentional, as in beaching to land crew or cargo, and careening, for maintenance or repair, or unintentional, as in a marine accident. In accidental cases, it is commonly referred to as "running aground".

When unintentional, grounding may result simply in stranding, with or without damage to the submerged part of the ship's hull.  Breach of the hull may lead to significant flooding, which in the absence of containment in watertight bulkheads may substantially compromise the ship's structural integrity, stability, and safety.
L. Krishnaswami Bharathi
L. Krishnaswami Bharathi (26 July 1904 – 31 October 1999) was an Indian freedom fighter, politician and parliamentarian from Tamil Nadu who served as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India from 1946 to 1950, representing the erstwhile Madras State. He became a member of the Provisional Parliament from 1950 to 1952, again representing the same region. He was a Congress leader and advocate of Gandhian values who contributed to the official language issue in the Constituent Assembly.

Madras State
Madras State was a state in the Indian Republic, which was in existence during the mid-20th century as a successor to the Madras Province of British India. The state came into existence on 26 January 1950 when the Constitution of India was adopted and included the present-day Tamil Nadu, parts of neighbouring states of Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.

Andhra state was separated in 1953. The state was further re-organized with the Malabar District being merged with the newly formed state of Kerala as well as five Tamil-majority taluks being incorporated into Madras State from the erstwhile Travancore–Cochin when states were redrawn linguistically in 1956. On 14 January 1969, the state was renamed Tamil Nadu.
2024 Indonesian local election law protests
The 2024 Indonesian local election law protests, also known as Emergency Alert for Indonesia (Indonesian: Peringatan Darurat Indonesia) or Indonesian Democratic Emergency (Indonesian: Indonesia Darurat Demokrasi), were public and student-led demonstrations against the House of Representatives for drafting a bill on regional head elections (pilkada) that contradicts the Constitutional Court's ruling and power, intended to regulate the 2024 Indonesian local elections.

The hashtags #KawalPutusanMK or #KawalKeputusanMK (Escort MK's Decision), #TolakPolitikDinasti (Reject Political Dynasty), and #TolakPilkadaAkal2an (Reject Manipulated Local Elections) became widely popular on social media. This online movement culminated in nationwide demonstrations on 22 August 2024, as people took to the streets to express their discontent.

2024 Indonesian local elections
Local executive elections (Indonesian: Pemilihan Kepala Daerah or Pilkada) to elect governors, mayors and regents in Indonesia were held on 27 November 2024 across 545 regions: 37 provinces, 415 regencies and 93 cities, which covered all provinces except Yogyakarta Special Region and all cities/regencies except the constituents of Jakarta. The previous local executive elections were held in 2020. The elections was the first time regional leaders are all elected simultaneously nationwide in Indonesia.

The elections saw major gains for President Prabowo Subianto's Gerindra party, while the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle suffered losses in key races, especially in Central and East Java. Golkar and PKS also suffered setbacks. Most elected leaders were sworn in on 20 February 2025, but 26 races had to be repeated in 2025.
Ilunga Government
The Ilunga government, from September 2019 to April 2021, was the Democratic Republic of the Congo government led by Sylvestre Ilunga as Prime Minister. President Tshisekedi signed the nomination order for the Ilunga government on 26 August 2019, and Ilunga assumed office on 7 September 2019.

Sylvestre Ilunga
Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba (March 28, 1947) is a Congolese politician who was appointed as the Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in May 2019, formally establishing his government in August 2019. He has had a long political career going back to the 1970s, having held a number of ministerial cabinet posts, and was previously a professor at the University of Kinshasa since 1979. Ilunga has also been the secretary general of Congo's national railway company. He has a reputation as an experienced public servant and technocrat, as well as an ally of former president Joseph Kabila.
Modern Family season 4
The fourth season of the American television sitcom Modern Family aired on ABC from September 26, 2012 to May 22, 2013.

This season was ordered on May 10, 2012. The season was produced by Lloyd-Levitan Productions in association with 20th Century Fox Television, with series creators Steven Levitan and Christopher Lloyd serving as showrunners.

Showrunner
A showrunner is the top-level executive producer of a television series. The position outranks other creative and management personnel, including episode directors, in contrast to feature films, in which the director has creative control over the production, and the executive producer's role is limited to investing. In scripted comedy and drama TV shows, the showrunner also usually serves as the head writer (or its most prolific writer). The role of a showrunner is not present on all television series, especially outside the United States; this article describes the nature of the role where it is present.
History of the Chicago Cubs
The following is a franchise history of the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball, a charter member of the National League who started play in the National Association of Base Ball Players in 1870 as the Chicago White Stockings, before joining the National Association in 1871. The Chicago National League Ball Club is the only franchise to play continuously in the same city since the formation of the National League in 1876. They are the earliest formed active professional sports club in North America, predating the team now known as the Atlanta Braves by one year. In their early history, they were called the White Stockings, Orphans, Infants, Remnants and Colts by the press before officially becoming the "Cubs" in 1903.

National Association of Professional Base Ball Players
The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP), often known simply as the National Association (NA), was the first fully-professional sports league in baseball. The NA was founded in 1871 and continued through the 1875 season. It incorporated several professional clubs from the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) of 1857–1870, sometimes called "the amateur Association". In turn, several NA clubs created the succeeding National League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the National League, founded 1876), which joined with the American League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the American League, founded 1901) in the National Agreement of 1903, a "peace pact" that recognized each other as legitimate "major leagues". Following nearly a century of cooperation, the two leagues eventually merged into one organization in 2000 as Major League Baseball (MLB).