hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abortion in Portugal
Abortion laws in Portugal were liberalized on 10 April 2007, allowing an elective abortion to be provided if a woman's pregnancy has not exceeded its tenth week. There is a three-day waiting period for abortions. President Aníbal Cavaco Silva ratified the law allowing abortion, recommending nevertheless that measures should be taken to ensure abortion is the last resort. Despite the liberalization of the laws, as of a 2011 survey, many doctors were refusing to perform abortions – which they are allowed to do under a conscientious objection clause. Abortions at later stages are allowed for specific reasons, such as risk to woman's health reasons, rape and other sexual crimes, or fetal malformation; with restrictions increasing gradually at 12, 16, and 24 weeks.

2007 Portuguese abortion referendum
An abortion referendum took place in Portugal on 11 February 2007, to decide whether to legalise abortion up to ten weeks. The referendum was the fulfillment of an election pledge by the governing Socialist Party of Prime Minister José Sócrates.

Official results of the referendum showed that 59.24 percent of the Portuguese approved the proposal put on ballot, while 40.76 percent rejected it. However, only 43.61 percent of the registered voters turned out to vote. Since voter turnout was below 50 percent, according to the Portuguese Constitution, these results are not legally binding, and parliament can legally decide to disregard them. Prime Minister Sócrates nevertheless confirmed that he would expand the circumstances under which abortion was allowed, since a majority of voters had been in favour.

The law was ratified by President Aníbal Cavaco Silva on 10 April 2007.
1926 United States Senate special election in Missouri
The 1926 United States Senate special election in Missouri took place on November 2, 1926 in Missouri. The Republican Senator elected in 1920, Selden P. Spencer, died on May 16, 1925. George Howard Williams was appointed to continue Spencer's term on May 25, and ran in this special election to complete the term. He was defeated by the Democratic nominee Harry B. Hawes, who won 52% of the vote. Hawes also defeated Williams in the regular election held the same day.

George H. Williams (Missouri politician)
George Howard Williams (December 1, 1871 – November 25, 1963) was an American politician and attorney from Missouri. A Republican, he served as U.S. Senator from Missouri from 1925 to 1926, completing the term of Selden P. Spencer following the latter's death.
Competition-based learning
Competition-based learning (CBL) is a student-centered pedagogy that combines project-based learning and competitions. This can sometimes be referred to as game-based learning as well, which is different than gamification. CBL also utilizes team-based learning (or Active Collaborative Learning, ACL) and problem-based learning paradigms. Competition-based learning involves a team of students in an open-ended assignments or projects that resembles some problems students may face at the work place or in the real-world. However, the performance is being evaluated on the final completion of the project or task assigned in the course as a comparison to other groups. The aspiration is to create motivation in the students to come up with the best overall project. CBL learning relies on the competition results. Furthermore, CBL implements a reward system upon the completion of the task assigned to reinforce desired behaviors in learning environments.

Project-based learning
Project-based learning is a teaching method that involves a dynamic classroom approach in which it is believed that students acquire a deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems.  Students learn about a subject by working for an extended period of time to investigate and respond to a complex question, challenge, or problem.  It is a style of active learning and inquiry-based learning. Project-based learning  contrasts with paper-based, rote memorization, or teacher-led instruction that presents established facts or portrays a smooth path to knowledge by instead posing questions, problems, or scenarios.
Organise Aotearoa
Organise Aotearoa (founded 2018) is a New Zealand socialist organisation who describes itself as a movement "for decolonial communism". The organisation has an extra-parliamentary focus, and a membership composed of various prison-abolitionist, anti-imperialist and anti-poverty activists.

Shortly after its launch, the organisation engaged in a series of direct action campaigns, including joining the blockade of New Zealand Defence Industry Association forums, occupying the Brazilian embassy after the inauguration of Jair Bolsonaro, occupying the United States consulate in Auckland during the 2019 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt, and joining the occupation of Ihumātao. The group has also organised broader mobilisations such as the 2018 protests agitating for abortion reform.

Direct action
Direct action is a form of activism in which participants use economic power or political power to achieve their goals. The aim of direct action is to either obstruct a certain practice such as a government's laws or actions or to draw attention to and create a dialogue in order to solve perceived problems.

Direct action may include activities, that can be either violent or nonviolent, targeting people, groups, institutions, actions, or property that its participants deem objectionable. Violent direct action may include political violence, assault, arson, sabotage, and property destruction. Nonviolent direct action may include peaceful demonstrations, civil disobedience, sit-ins, strikes, and counter-economics.
Lazkao
See Lazcano (disambiguation) (a variant form) for people with this surname.

Lazkao  (Spanish: Lazcano) is a town and municipality located in the Goierri region of the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country.

Ataun
Ataun is a town located at the foot of the Aralar Range in the Goierri region of the province of Gipuzkoa, in the autonomous community of the Basque Country, in the north of Spain. The town consists of three major parishes - San Martin, San Gregorio and Aia - along with several other minor boroughs.
Hein Willemse
Heinrich Stephen Samuel Willemse (born 18 September 1957, Ladismith, Cape Province) is a South African academic, literary critic, activist and author. He currently serves as professor in the Department of Afrikaans at the University of Pretoria, South Africa. He was the former editor-in-chief of the African literary journal Tydskrif vir Letterkunde (Journal for Literature).

As a young academic, Willemse played an active role in the opposition of apartheid, and along with other Afrikaans authors - including André Brink, Breyten Breytenbach and Etienne van Heerden - attended the historical Victoria Falls Writers' Conference in 1989, where various Afrikaans intellectuals met with banned South African authors and members of the African National Congress.

Breyten Breytenbach
Breyten Breytenbach (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈbrəitən ˈbrəitənbaχ]; 16 September 1939 – 24 November 2024) was a South African writer, poet, and painter. He became internationally well-known as a dissident poet and vocal critic of South Africa under apartheid, and as a political prisoner of the National Party–led South African Government. He was also known as a founding member of the Sestigers, a dissident literary movement, and was one of the most important poets in Afrikaans literature.
Colin Metson
Colin Peter Metson (born 2 July 1963) is a former English cricketer.

He was described by Dickie Bird as "the best wicketkeeper I have seen in England since Alan Knott".

Metson started his career at Middlesex where he was an understudy to Paul Downton, appearing only when Downton was on international duty from 1981 until 1986. He joined Glamorgan in 1987 to get more game time and soon became their first choice wicketkeeper.

Paul Downton
Paul Rupert Downton (born 4 April 1957) is a retired cricketer and cricket administrator.

He previously served as director of cricket at Kent County Cricket Club (2018-2023)  and managing director of the England and Wales Cricket Board between February 2014 and April 2015. He was a part of the English squad which finished as runners-up at the 1987 Cricket World Cup.

He is a former English professional cricketer who played in 30 Test matches and 28 One Day Internationals for the England cricket team between 1977 and 1989. He was a wicket-keeper who played for Kent County Cricket Club from 1977 to 1979 and for Middlesex between 1980 and 1991.
Grebo (music)
Grebo (or grebo rock) was a short-lived subculture and broadly defined subgenre of indie rock centred around the Midlands, particularly Stourbridge and Leicester. Musically, the genre incorporated elements of electronic, punk rock, folk and hip hop music into indie rock. The scene occupied the period in the late 1980s and early 1990s in the United Kingdom before the popularisation of Britpop and grunge.

Subculture
In the sociology of culture, a subculture is a group of people within a cultural society that differentiates itself from the values of the mainstream or dominant culture (or superculture) to which it belongs, often maintaining some of its founding principles. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, political, and sexual matters. Subcultures coexist within mainstream society while keeping their specific characteristics intact.

Since its inception in the English-speaking world (primarily North America and the United Kingdom) during the 1940s–1950s, the concept and study of subcultures was developed in the academic fields of sociology, communication studies, and cultural studies. Examples of subcultures include punks, skinheads, Teddy Boys, mods, rockers, bikers, hip-hoppers, and more. Subcultures differ from countercultures.
Tyson Campbell
Tyson Malik Campbell (born March 17, 2000) is an American professional football cornerback for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Georgia Bulldogs. He was selected by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the second round of the 2021 NFL draft.

Tre Herndon
Willie "Tre" Herndon III (born March 5, 1996) is an American professional football cornerback who is currently a free agent. He entered the National Football League as an undrafted free agent, signing with the Jacksonville Jaguars in 2018. He has also played for the Buffalo Bills, Indianapolis Colts, New York Giants, and New Orleans Saints. He played college football for the Vanderbilt Commodores.
Fireboats of Duluth
During the early 20th century, large and powerful fireboats were operated in Duluth, Minnesota.
In 1920 both the Duluth, Mesaba & Northern Railway Company and the Duluth & Iron Range Railway Company operated fireboats in Duluth, the William A. McGonacle and the Halle.

In 2016 it was reported that the Duluth and Superior Fire Department would be receiving a modern powerful fireboat through a FEMA Port Security Grant.  In recent years firefighters had been reduced to fighting fires using only an inflatable boat.

The Marine 19, a 32 feet (9.8 m) fireboat, manufactured by Lake Assault Boats, was delivered on May 8, 2019. She was built with the assistance of a FEMA port security grant.

Department of Homeland Security Port Security Grant
Since 2002, the Department of Homeland Security has provided Port Security Grants to ports within the United States, to build fireboats. In addition to carrying firefighting equipment, these vessels are equipped to help counter nuclear fallout, chemical weapons and biological weapons.

The grants are made under the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002. The Federal Emergency Management Agency, one of the agencies under DHS, provided $100 million worth of grants in 2015.

The construction of FDNY's Three Forty Three was partly supported by a port security grant.

Tacoma's Commencement was refurbished through a port security grant.

The Tiburon, built through a port security grant, helped extinguish fires on California's islands

The Hartz-Booth patrols rivers in West Virginia
Klinkenberg, Gelderland
Klinkenberg is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Buren, and lies about 8 km southwest of Veenendaal.

It was first mentioned in 1845 as Klinkenberg. Both clinge and berg mean hill. The postal authorities have placed it under Ingen.

Ingen, Netherlands
Ingen is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Buren, and lies about 9 km south-west of Veenendaal. Before 1999 the town was part of the municipality of Lienden from 1818 till 1999. The houses are widely spread into a bowl form. The houses link to the townships De Ganzert and Eck en Wiel in the West.
Larry Tearry
Larry Wayne Tearry (born April 24, 1956) is an American former professional football center who played two seasons with the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Lions in the fourth round of the 1978 NFL draft after playing college football at Wake Forest University.

1978 NFL draft
The 1978 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held May 2–3, 1978, at the Roosevelt Hotel in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

The Tampa Bay Buccaneers had the first overall pick in the 1978 draft, by virtue of their 2–12 record in 1977. Tampa Bay traded the pick to the Oilers, for tight end Jimmie Giles and the Oilers' first- and second-round picks in the 1978 draft, and their third- and fifth-round picks in 1979.

Leon White, who was drafted in the third round, went on to have an extensive professional wrestling career as Big Van Vader.
Red Gendron
Dennis "Red" Gendron (November 27, 1957 – April 9, 2021) was an ice hockey coach, most recently for the University of Maine men's ice hockey team.  Gendron previously served as head coach for the Albany River Rats and Indiana Ice and held multiple positions for the New Jersey Devils, Albany River Rats, University of Maine, University of Massachusetts, Yale University, and Team USA

Yale Bulldogs men's ice hockey
The Yale Bulldogs men's ice hockey team represents Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut and is the oldest collegiate ice hockey team in the United States. The Bulldogs compete in the Ivy League and the ECAC Hockey League (ECACHL) and play their home games at Ingalls Rink, also called the Yale Whale. The current head coach is Keith Allain, who led the Bulldogs to an Ivy League championship in his first year as head coach (2006–2007 season). Allain is assisted by former QU/UND goaltender, Josh Siembida.  On April 13, 2013, the Bulldogs shut out Quinnipiac 4–0 to win their first NCAA Division I Championship.
Kilippattu (film)
Kilippattu is a 1987 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Raghavan. The film stars Adoor Bhasi, Nedumudi Venu, Menaka and Sukumaran in the lead roles. The film has musical score by M. B. Sreenivasan. Actor Jishnu Raghavan first appeared in this movie as a child artist.

Notably, this film also marked the milestone of Menaka's 100th Malayalam film as a heroine who later quit acting immediately after marriage (of that same year).

Sukumaran
Edappal Ponnamkuzhi Veettil Parameswaran Sukumaran Nair (10 June 1948 – 16 June 1997), known mononymously as Sukumaran, was an Indian actor and producer of Malayalam films. Sukumaran became a popular film star in Malayalam cinema during the 1970s. He was considered one of the superstar trios of Malayalam cinema during the late 1970s and early 1980s along with Soman and Jayan.

Later, he became known for his character roles and antagonistic roles during the 1980s and 1990s, notably the villain in CID Unnikrishnan B.A., B.Ed. (1994) and Onnaam Muhurtham (1991), playing character roles in films like Souhrudam (1990). In 1978, he won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in M. T. Vasudevan Nair's Bandhanam. As a producer, he produced such films as Irakal and Padayani.

On 16 June 1997, Sukumaran suffered a massive heart attack and died. He was 49 at the time of his death.
92nd Infantry Regiment (PA)
92nd Infantry Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in September 1941. It was part of 91st Division under Brigadier General Luther Stevens. They fought in Battle of Bataan and surrendered in April 1942 when Luzon Force commander Major General Edward P. King Jr., surrendered all his troops.

Luzon Force
The Luzon Force or Bataan Defense Force was a short-lived Field Army size unit created in the Philippines after the restructure of command organized by General Douglas MacArthur commander of US Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). He wished to control the 4 Commands from Australia with its representative in Corregidor Island. Major General Jonathan M. Wainwright IV was selected to command as the senior general officer in Bataan peninsula.

BGen. Albert Jones will be promoted to major general and will take over General Wainwright's command of I Philippine Corps (NLF) defending the west coast and Major General George S. Parker commands II Philippine Corps (SLF). BGen. Allan McBride commanding the Service Area Command.

General Wainwright selected BGen. Arnold J. Funk as his chief of staff selected more officers for his staff.
La Martona
La Martona is an Argentine dairy brand, currently owned by La Serenísima. La Martona was originally the first dairy company of Argentina, established in 1889 by Vicente Lorenzo Casares in Cañuelas Partido. La Martona was a pioneer in the local industry due to its control of not only products manufacturing but distribution and commercialization.

The company is regarded for its technological advancement in the pasteurization and other milk processing, with the acquisition of modern machinery from Europe and the U.S. and the development of rail lines for goods transport.

La Martona operated until 1978, when it fell into bankruptcy and the brand name was acquired by rival company La Serenísima (legal name: "Mastellone Hnos.") in a judicial sale. Since then, the company has owned exclusive rights to La Martona brand name.

Dairy
A dairy is a place where milk is stored and where butter, cheese, and other dairy products are made, or a place where those products are sold.: 325 : 284  It may be a room, a building, or a larger establishment.: 284  In the United States, the word may also describe a dairy farm or the part of a mixed farm dedicated to milk for human consumption,: 284  whether from cows, buffaloes, goats, yaks, sheep, horses or camels.

The attributive dairy describes milk-based products, derivatives, and processes, and the animals and workers involved in their production, for example dairyman, dairymaid, dairy cattle or dairy goat. A dairy farm produces milk and a dairy factory processes it into a variety of dairy products. These establishments constitute the global dairy industry, part of the food industry.

The word dairy comes from an Old English word for female servant, as milking was historically done by dairymaids.
Edmund N. Orbeck
Edmund N. Orbeck (September 16, 1915 – January 6, 2012) was an American football player, coach and politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Alaska House of Representatives and the Alaska Senate.

Alaska State Senate
The Alaska State Senate is the upper house in the Alaska State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. It convenes in the Alaska State Capitol in Juneau, Alaska and is responsible for making laws and confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.

With just twenty members, the Alaska Senate is the smallest state legislative chamber in the United States. Its members serve four-year terms and each represent an equal number of districts with populations of approximately 35,512 people, per 2010 census figures. They are not subject to term limits.
Kukulkan
Kukulkan, also spelled K’uk’ulkan (/kuːkʊlˈkɑːn/; lit. "Plumed Serpent", "Amazing Serpent"), is the serpent deity of Maya mythology. It  is closely related to the deity Qʼuqʼumatz of the Kʼicheʼ people and to Quetzalcoatl of Aztec mythology. Prominent temples to Kukulkan are found at archaeological sites in the Yucatán Peninsula, such as Chichen Itza, Uxmal and Mayapan.

The depiction of the Feathered Serpent is present in other cultures of Mesoamerica. Although heavily Mexicanised, Kukulkan has its origins among the Maya of the Classic Period. Little is known of the mythology of this Pre-Columbian era deity.

Mesoamerican chronology
Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of prehispanic Mesoamerica into several periods: the Paleo-Indian (first human habitation until 3500 BCE); the Archaic (before 2600 BCE), the Pre-classic or Formative (2500 BCE – 250 CE), the Classic (250–900 CE), and the Postclassic (900–1521 CE); as well as the post European contact Colonial Period (1521–1821), and Postcolonial, or the period after independence from Spain (1821–present).

The periodisation of Mesoamerica by researchers is based on archaeological, ethnohistorical, and modern cultural anthropology research dating to the early twentieth century. Archaeologists, ethnohistorians, historians, and cultural anthropologists continue to work to develop cultural histories of the region.
Evelyn Peak
Evelyn Peak is a 2,855 m (9,367 ft) mountain summit in the Athabasca River valley of Jasper National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The  nearest higher peak is Mount Kerkeslin, 5.0 km (3.1 mi) to the southwest, and Mount Hardisty is 6.0 km (3.7 mi) to the northwest. All three are part of the Maligne Range. Evelyn Peak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Cambrian period and pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny. The mountain is at the headwaters of Evelyn Creek, and three kilometres south of Evelyn Pass. The creek and pass were named in 1921 for Evelyn Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1870–1960), who visited nearby Maligne Lake in 1920. The mountain's name however, has not yet been officially adopted by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

Maligne Range
The Maligne Range is a mountain range of the Canadian Rockies located directly southeast of Jasper townsite in Jasper National Park, Canada. The southern tail-end of the range finishes at Endless Chain Ridge.
Maggie's First False Step
Maggie's First False Step is a 1917 short film directed by Frank Griffin and Mack Sennett, and starring Charles Murray, Louise Fazenda and Wallace Beery. The short was produced by Sennett at the Keystone Film Company and distributed by Triangle Distributing.  The supporting cast features Alice Davenport and Mary Thurman.

Alice Davenport
Alice Davenport (née
Shepphard; February 29, 1864 – June 24, 1936) was an American film actress. She appeared in 140 films from 1911 to 1930.

She was born Alice Shepphard in New York City, and died in Los Angeles. She made her stage debut at age 5. Davenport married silent actor, director, and talkie character actor Harry Davenport. They divorced in 1896. Actress Dorothy Davenport was their daughter. She married, secondly, to Edwin H. Morse.