hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PeaceHealth
PeaceHealth is a not-for-profit health care system that owns and operates ten hospitals and numerous clinics in the U.S. states of Alaska, Oregon, and Washington. The organization is headquartered in Vancouver, Washington, and was founded by the Catholic Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace in 1976.

Vancouver, Washington
Vancouver (/væn.ˈkuː.vər/ ⓘ van-KOO-vər) is a city in Clark County, Washington, United States, located on the north bank of the Columbia River. It had a population of 190,915 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Washington. Founded in 1825 and incorporated in 1857, the city was originally established around Fort Vancouver, a fur trading outpost, and is situated directly north of Portland, Oregon, along the Washington–Oregon state line. Vancouver serves as the county seat of Clark County and is part of the Portland metropolitan area.
Ó Maoilriain
Ó Maoilriain (anglicised as Ryan, Mulryan, or Mulrain) is an Irish Gaelic clan based in what is today County Tipperary and County Limerick. The clan claims descent from Cathair Mór of the Laighin, but they first appear in the historical record in the 15th century in the kingdom of Thomond. John O'Donovan claims they are distinct from the Ryan clan which ruled Uí Dróna in what is today County Carlow.

Laigin
The Laigin, modern spelling Laighin (Irish pronunciation: [ˈl̪ˠəinʲ]), were a Gaelic population group of early Ireland. They gave their name to the Kingdom of Leinster, which in the medieval era was known in Irish as Cóiced Laigen, meaning "Fifth/province of the Leinstermen" (Modern Irish Cúige Laighean), where their descendants ruled till the 17th century. Their territory, located in south-east Ireland, is thought to have once extended from the River Shannon to the River Boyne. The surnames of those descended from the Laigin are still counted amongst the most numerous in Ireland.
MonteShell
MonteShell S.p.A. was an Italian company active in the oil sector, jointly controlled by Servizi ELettrici Montedison - SELM S.p.A. and Shell Italia S.p.A. In particular, it dealt with the refining, transport and distribution of automotive fuel.

Edison (company)
Edison S.p.A. is an Italian electric utility company headquartered in Milan. The company was established in 1884 and acquired by Electricité de France in 2012. Edison employs more than 5,000 people in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. The chairman of the board is Luc Rémont (CEO of EDF) and the chief executive officer is Nicola Monti.
Wyoming Highway 351
Wyoming Highway 351 (WYO 351) is a 24.18-mile-long (38.91 km) east-west Wyoming state road located in central Sublette County. It connects U.S. Route 189 (US 189) with US 191 and mainly serves the hugely important Big Piney-Rock Springs corridor.

U.S. Route 189
U.S. Route 189 is a spur of U.S. Route 89.  It currently runs for 322 miles (518 km) from Provo, Utah at Interstate 15 to Jackson, Wyoming. The highway was not part of the original 1926 U.S. Highway system. The highway was created in the 1930s, absorbing former U.S. Route 530 and a portion of U.S. Route 30S. The portion through Provo Canyon (between Provo and Heber City, Utah) has been designated the Provo Canyon Scenic Byway by the state of Utah.
Edu (footballer, born 1979)
Luís Eduardo Schmidt (born 10 January 1979), commonly known as Edu, is a Brazilian retired footballer.

A versatile midfielder and forward, he played most of his professional career in Spain – helping both Celta and Betis to their first-ever Champions League participation – amassing La Liga totals of 253 matches and 63 goals in nine years.

He started his career with São Paulo.

Real Betis
Real Betis Balompié, S.A.D., known as Real Betis (pronounced [reˈal ˈβetis]) is a Spanish professional football club based in Seville, Andalusia, Spain. It plays in La Liga, the top flight of Spanish football. It currently plays home games at the 70,000-seat Estadio de La Cartuja.

Real Betis won the league title in 1935 and the Copa del Rey in 1977, 2005 and 2022. Given the club's tumultuous history and many relegations, its motto is ¡Viva el Betis manque pierda! (Long live Betis even though they lose!).
Thorpe Morieux
Thorpe Morieux (/məˈruː/ ⓘ Mə-ROO) is a small village and civil parish in Suffolk, England. It is 10 miles south-east of Bury St Edmunds and 10 miles north east of Sudbury.

Located in Babergh district, the parish contains the hamlets of Thorpe Green and Almshouses Green, as well as Great Hastings Wood (part of the Thorpe Morieux Woods SSSI), which is classified as Ancient Woodland. It was anciently in the Cosford Hundred.

There are 14 listed buildings in the parish, mostly grade II with the grade II* Thorpe Hall and the grade I parish church of St Mary the Virgin.

The village is located on the river Brett.

Bury St Edmunds
Bury St Edmunds (/ˈbɛri sənt ˈɛdməndz/), commonly referred to locally as Bury, is a cathedral as well as market town and civil parish in the West Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. The town is best known for Bury St Edmunds Abbey and St Edmundsbury Cathedral. Bury is the seat of the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich of the Church of England, with the episcopal see at St Edmundsbury Cathedral. The town, originally called Beodericsworth, was built on a grid pattern by Abbot Baldwin around 1080. It is known for brewing and malting (Greene King brewery) and for a British Sugar processing factory, where Silver Spoon sugar is produced. The town is the cultural and retail centre for West Suffolk and tourism is a major part of the economy. The built up area had a population of 41,280 at the 2021 census.
Tumut High School
Tumut High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Tumut, in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1913 the school enrolled approximately 540 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom ten percent identified as Indigenous Australians and four percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the principal is Donald Dixon.

Education in Australia
Education in Australia encompasses the sectors of early childhood education (preschool and pre-primary) and primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (high schools and senior high schools), and finally tertiary education, which includes higher education (universities and other higher education providers) and vocational education (registered training organisations). Regulation and funding of education is primarily the responsibility of the States and territories; however, the Australian Government also contributes to funding.

Education in Australia is compulsory between the ages of four, five, or six and fifteen, sixteen or seventeen, depending on the state or territory and the date of birth.
Ernst Woermann
Ernst Woermann (30 March 1888 in Dresden, German Empire – 5 July 1979 in Heidelberg, West Germany) was a German diplomat who worked for the Foreign Office under the Third Reich. He was a junior state secretary of the German Foreign Ministry (1940–43) and the German ambassador to the Nanjing Nationalist Government, the Japanese puppet government in China (1943–45).

Federal Foreign Office
The Federal Foreign Office (German: Auswärtiges Amt, pronounced [ˈaʊsˌvɛʁtɪɡəs ˈʔamt] ⓘ; abbreviated AA) is the foreign ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany, a federal agency responsible for both the country's foreign policy and its relationship with the European Union. It is a cabinet-level ministry. Since May 2025, Johann Wadephul has served as Foreign Minister, succeeding Annalena Baerbock. The primary seat of the ministry is at the Werderscher Markt square in the Mitte district, the historic centre of Berlin.

The term Auswärtiges Amt was the name of the Foreign Office established in 1870 by the North German Confederation, which then became the German Empire's Foreign Office in 1871. It is still the name of the German foreign ministry today. From 1871 to 1919, the Foreign Office was led by a Foreign Secretary, and since 1919, it has been led by the Foreign Minister of Germany.
Acalypta marginata
Acalypta marginata is a species of lace bug in the family Tingidae. It is found throughout the Palearctic and in three eastern Asian countries: Japan, Korea and Mongolia.

It was originally described in 1804 by Johann Friedrich Wolff.

Acalypta marginata seems to prefer drier habitats but has been recorded from a diverse range of habitat types including humid treeless communities, dry grasslands, humid/riverine woodlands and dry forests.

Tingidae
The Tingidae, commonly referred to as lace bugs due to their intricate wings, are a family of very small (2-10 mm (0.08-0.39 in)) insects in the order Hemiptera. These insects exist in multiple regions of the world and live on various plants, depending on the species. There are roughly 2,000 described species across the 3 subfamilies which include Cantacaderinae, Tinginae and Vianaidinae.
Norfolk Museums Service
Norfolk Museums Service (NMS), formerly Norfolk Museums and Archaeology Service (NMAS), is a county-wide museums service that presides over ten museums in Norfolk, operated by Norfolk County Council and headed by the council's Director of Culture and Heritage, Steve Miller. It notably runs Norwich Castle Museum, Strangers' Hall, and the Time and Tide Museum, and also operates a study centre at Shirehall.

Time and Tide Museum
Time and Tide: The Museum of Great Yarmouth Life, located in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, UK, is a maritime and fishing museum in Great Yarmouth and established in 2005. It is situated in a former Victorian herring curing factory known as Tower Curing Works, and is now part of Maritime Heritage East, a partnership of over 30 maritime museums in the East of England.
Viktor Seliverstov
Victor Seliverstov (Russian: Виктор Валентинович Селиверстов, Ukrainian: Віктор Валентинович Селіверстов; August 2, 1954, Podilsk, Odesa Oblast) is a Russian political figure and deputy of the 7th and 8th State Dumas.

From 1971 to 1998, Seliverstov served at the Soviet Armed Forces and, later, Russian Armed Forces. From 1998 to 2004, he worked as Deputy Prefect of the North-Western Administrative Okrug of Moscow. In 2004-2012, Seliverstov headed the regional executive committee in the Moscow city regional branch of the United Russia. On October 11, 2009, he was elected deputy of the Moscow City Duma of the 5th convocation. From 2012 to 2014, Seliverstov worked at the Presidential Administration of Russia. In 2014-2016, he headed the regional branch of the All-Russia People's Front. On September 18, 2016, he was elected deputy of the 7th State Duma. In 2021, Seliverstov was re-elected for the 8th State Duma from the Moscow constituency.

8th State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 8th convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации восьмого созыва) is the current convocation of the lower house of Russian parliament.

The composition of the 8th State Duma was determined based on the results of the 2021 legislative election. Elections were held using a mixed system: 225 deputies were elected on party lists and 225 — in single-member constituencies. Of the 14 parties that participated in the elections, only 5 were able to overcome the 5% barrier. And for the first time since 1999, more than four parties were able to form their own factions. Three more parties and five independent candidates were able to win one seat each through single-mandate constituencies.

In accordance with the presidential decree, the first meeting of the 8th State Duma was held on 12 October 2021.
Rhode Island Senate
The Rhode Island Senate is the upper house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the lower house being the Rhode Island House of Representatives. It is composed of 38 Senators, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Rhode Island is one of the 14 states where its upper house serves at a two-year cycle, rather than the normal four-year term as in most states. There is no limit to the number of terms that a Senator may serve. The Rhode Island Senate meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, commissions and boards and Justices to the Rhode Island Judiciary.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
2005 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 2005 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 115th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Toomevara were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Thurles Sarsfields at the quarter-final stage.

On 16 October 2005, Thurles Sarsfields won the championship after a 1–17 to 0–15 defeat of Drom-Inch in the final at Semple Stadium. It was their 29th championship title overall and their first title since 1974.

1974 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1974 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 84th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship ran from 19 May to 13 October 1974.

Roscrea entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 13 October 1974 at Semple Stadium in Thurles, between Thurles Sarsfields and Silvermines, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Thurles Sarsfields won the match by 3–06 to 1–10 to claim their 28th championship title overall and a first title in nine years.
Jan Opletal
Jan Opletal (1 January 1915 – 11 November 1939) was a student of the Medical Faculty of the Charles University in Prague, who was shot at a Czechoslovak Independence Day rally on 28 October 1939. He was severely injured at this anti-Nazi demonstration against the German occupation of Czechoslovakia and died two weeks later.

Jan Opletal is seen as a symbolic figure of the Czech resistance against Nazism.

Resistance in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Czechoslovak resistance to the German occupation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia during World War II began after the occupation of the rest of Czechoslovakia and the formation of the protectorate on 15 March 1939. Similar resistance could be found in the German speaking parts of the Czechoslovakia []. 
German policy deterred acts of resistance and annihilated organizations of resistance. In the early days of the war, the Czech population participated in boycotts of public transport and large-scale demonstrations. Later on, armed communist partisan groups participated in sabotage and skirmishes with German police forces. The most well-known act of resistance was the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich. Resistance culminated in the so-called Prague uprising of May 1945; with Allied armies approaching, about 30,000 Czechs seized weapons. Four days of bloody street fighting ensued before the Soviet Red Army entered the nearly liberated city.
TOI-421
TOI-421 (also known as BD−14 1137) is a G-type main-sequence star located in the constellation Lepus. The star hosts two transiting exoplanets discovered in 2020 and forms a visual binary system with a nearby red dwarf star BD−14 1137 B. Both planets are hot Neptunes well-suited for atmospheric characterization. Due to the star's old age, knowing the composition of their atmosphere can provide valuable insights for validation of atmospheric evolution models.

Hot Neptune
A hot Neptune is a type of giant planet with a mass similar to that of Neptune or Uranus orbiting close to its star, normally within less than 1 AU. The first hot Neptune to be discovered with certainty was Gliese 436 b (Awohali) in 2007, an exoplanet about 33 light years away. Recent observations have revealed a larger potential population of hot Neptunes in the Milky Way than was previously thought. Hot Neptunes may have formed either in situ or ex situ.
Mbhashe Local Municipality
Mbhashe Municipality (Xhosa: uMasipala wase Mbhashe) is a local municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The municipality was constituted in terms of the Municipal Structures Act of 1998 and comprises the areas that previously formed the Elliotdale, Willowvale and Dutywa town councils. The municipality is located in the north eastern part of the Amathole District Municipality. The main administrative office is situated in Dutywa.

Its primary claim to fame is as the birthplace of former President Thabo Mbeki. The Mbanyana Falls, Mbhashe Cultural Village and Donald Wood's Snooker Room number among its attractions. The word Mbashe is derived from isiXhosa. The municipality is named after the Mbashe River. The area also boasts the head offices of the AmaXhosa Kingdom at the Nqadu Great Place.

Xhosa language
Xhosa (/ˈkoʊsə/ KOH-sə, Xhosa: [ᵏǁʰôːsa] ⓘ), formerly spelled Xosa and also known by its local name isiXhosa, is a Bantu language, indigenous to Southern Africa and one of the official languages of South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Xhosa is spoken as a first language by approximately 8 million people and as a second language in South Africa, particularly in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Northern Cape and Gauteng, and also in parts of Zimbabwe and Lesotho. It has perhaps the heaviest functional load of click consonants in a Bantu language (approximately tied with Yeyi), with one count finding that 10% of basic vocabulary items contained a click.
Transport express régional
Transport express régional (French pronunciation: [tʁɑ̃spɔʁ ɛksprɛs ʁeʒjɔnal], usually shortened to TER) is the brand name used by the SNCF, the French national railway company, to denote rail service run by the regional councils of France, specifically their organised transport authorities. The network serves French regions; Île-de-France (Transilien) and Corsica (CFC) have their own specific transport systems. Every day, over 800,000 passengers are carried on 5,700 TER-branded trains.

TER is part of SNCF Voyageurs, a branch of the SNCF dealing with urban and regional passenger rail, which also includes Transilien, Intercités, Chemins de fer de la Corse (CFC), Keolis, and Effia.

Chemins de fer de la Corse
Chemins de fer de la Corse (French pronunciation: [ʃəmɛ̃ də fɛʁ də la kɔʁs], CFC; Corsican: Camini di Ferru di a Corsica) is the name of the regional rail network serving the French island of Corsica. It is centred on the town of Ponte Leccia, from which three main lines radiate to Ajaccio, Bastia, and Calvi. The section following the northwest coastline between L'Île-Rousse and Calvi, known as the Balagne line, gives access to many beaches and is very popular with tourists.

A fourth line, running from Casamozza (on the Bastia line) down the east coast of the island to Porto-Vecchio was badly damaged by bombardment during World War II and never reopened.
Albert Ritzhaupt
Albert Dieter Ritzhaupt (born in 1980) is an American educational researcher, author, professor of educational technology and computer science education at the University of Florida, where he has served since 2010. Ritzhaupt serves as the current Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Research on Technology in Education since 2018, the official research publication of the International Society for Technology in Education. Ritzhaupt is a member of the Institute for Advanced Learning Technologies, research member of the Florida Center for Instructional Technology, and President for the International Board of Standards for Training, Performance, and Instruction (IBSTPI). Ritzhaupt was identified as one of the world's most prolific scholarly authors in the field of educational technology from 2007 to 2017 and again in 2021 for research articles between 2015 and 2019.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Mandla Langa
Mandla Langa (born 1950 in Stanger, Durban) is a South African poet, short-story writer, novelist, and cultural activist. He grew up in the KwaMashu township of Kwazulu Natal. His novel The Lost Colours of the Chameleon won the 2009 Commonwealth Writers' Prize (Africa region).
Langa enrolled for a degree in English and Philosophy at the University of Fort Hare, but was expelled in 1973 as a result of his involvement in the activities of the South African Student Organisation. In 1976, he went into exile and has lived in different countries of Southern Africa as well as in Hungary and the United Kingdom.

Langa was brought in to complete the second volume of Nelson Mandela's autobiography, left in an unfinished draft when Mandela died in 2013, and published in 2017 as Dare Not Linger: The Presidential Years.

In 2022, Langa was appointed High Commissioner of the Republic of South Africa to Cameroon.

Commonwealth Foundation prizes
Commonwealth Foundation has presented a number of prizes since 1987. The main award was called the Commonwealth Writers' Prize and was composed of two prizes: the Best Book Prize (overall and regional) was awarded from 1987 to 2011; the Best First Book prize was awarded from 1989 to 2011. In addition the Commonwealth Short Story Competition was awarded from 1996 to 2011.

Beginning in 2012, Commonwealth Foundation discontinued its previous awards and created a new cultural initiative called Commonwealth Writers, which offered two new awards: the Commonwealth Book Prize for the best first book, in which regional winners received £2,500 and the overall winner received £10,000; and the Commonwealth Short Story Prize for the best short stories, in which regional winners received £1,000 and the overall winner received £5,000. After two years, the Book Prize was discontinued. The Short Story Prize remains the sole award from Commonwealth Writers.