hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David J. Kramer
David J. Kramer (born 1964) was United States Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor from 2008 to 2009. He was President of Freedom House from October 2010 to November 2014, and later worked at the McCain Institute. Following a professorship at the Florida International University, he became executive director of the George W. Bush Institute.

Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
The assistant secretary of state for democracy, human rights, and labor is the head of the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor within the United States Department of State.  The assistant secretary of state for democracy, human rights, and labor reports to the under secretary foreign assistance, humanitarian affairs and religious freedom.
Menemerus modestus
Menemerus modestus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Menemerus that lives in Tunisia. The species was first identified in 1999 by Wanda Wesołowska, one of over 500 descriptions she produced during her lifetime. The spider is mainly a diurnal hunter. It is small, with a brown carapace that is typically 2.2 mm (0.09 in) long and a light abdomen 2.1 mm (0.08 in) long. The male's copulatory organs have a distinctive configuration of two appendages at the base of the palpal bulb, or apophyses, one larger and bulbous, the other a short spike. The female has not been described.

Palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
Apostolos Armenakis
Apostolos Armenakis (born (1980-07-19)19 July 1980) is a Greek male volleyball player. He was part of the Greece men's national volleyball team. On club level, he played in the first round of the 2024-25 season with Pegasus Polichni and then with Olympiacos Piraeus in Hellenic Volley League.

A1 Ethniki Volleyball
The A1 Ethniki (Greek: Α1 Εθνική Κατηγορία), often referred to as the Greek Volleyball League, is the highest professional volleyball league in Greece. It is run by the Hellenic Volleyball Federation. It is considered one of the top national leagues in European volleyball, as its clubs have made significant success in European competitions.
Gene Ha
Gene Ha is an American comics artist and writer best known for his work on books such as Top 10 and Top 10: The Forty-Niners, with Alan Moore and Zander Cannon, for America's Best Comics, the Batman graphic novel Fortunate Son, with Gerard Jones, and The Adventures of Cyclops and Phoenix, among others. He has also drawn Global Frequency and has drawn covers for Wizard and Marvel Comics.

He was awarded the 1994 Russ Manning Most Promising Newcomer Award, and won five Eisner Awards, in 2000, 2001, 2006, 2008 and 2024.

Eisner Awards
The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards, commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards, are awards for creative achievement in American comic books. They are regarded as the most prestigious and significant awards in the comic industry and often referred to as the industry's equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The first Eisners were conferred in 1988, for works published in 1987. The Eisner Awards ceremony has been held at San Diego Comic-Con every year since 1991. The awards are named in honor of pioneering cartoonist and writer Will Eisner, who was a regular participant in the ceremony until his death in 2005.

The nominations in each category are generated by a five- to six-member jury, then voted on by comic book professionals. The jury often consists of at least one comics retailer, one librarian (since 2005), and one academic researcher, among other comic experts. As of 2021, awards are presented in 32 categories.
Taras Grescoe
Taras Grescoe (born 1966) is a Canadian non-fiction writer. His debut book, Sacré Blues, won the Edna Staebler Award for Creative Non-Fiction, Mavis Gallant Prize for Non-Fiction, and McAuslan First Book Prize. His fourth book, Bottomfeeder, won the Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction, awarded to the best work of non-fiction by a Canadian writer, in 2008, as well as the IACP Award for Literary Food Writing. He is the author of eight books, which have been translated into German, French, Chinese, and Japanese, and his articles and essays have been published in a dozen anthologies.

Quebec Writers' Federation Awards
The Quebec Writers' Federation Awards are a series of Canadian literary awards, presented annually by the Quebec Writers' Federation to the best works of literature in English by writers from Quebec. They were known from 1988 to 1998 as the QSPELL Awards.
Julia Bauer
Julia Bauer is a German operatic coloratura soprano who has appeared at major opera houses and also in concert and recital. She has had leading roles such as Zerbinetta and Lulu, and was Freia, Helmwige, Forest Bird, Woglinde and Third Norn in Der Ring in Minden.

Ariadne auf Naxos
Ariadne auf Naxos (Ariadne on Naxos), Op. 60, is a 1912 opera by Richard Strauss with a German libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal. The opera's unusual combination of elements of low commedia dell'arte with those of high opera seria points up one of the work's principal themes: the competition between high and low art for the public's attention.
Droopnath Ramphul State College
Droopnath Ramphul State College (DRSC) is an academy based in Calebasses, Pamplemouses, Mauritius admitting both boys and girls who performed well in the National Certificate of Education (NCE). Students are prepared for the School Certificate (SC) and the Higher School Certificate (HSC). The school derives its name from an eminent Judge Droopnath Ramphul.

Higher School Certificate (Mauritius)
The Higher School Certificate is an academic qualification in Mauritius awarded upon the completion of Grade 13, the final stage of secondary school. The qualification is awarded upon earning passing marks on the A-level exams administered by the Mauritius Examinations Syndicate, in conjunction with the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate of the Cambridge International Examinations board.
Batman: White Knight Presents: Red Hood
Batman: White Knight Presents: Red Hood is an American comic book published by DC Comics under its Black Label imprint. The two-issue limited series - co-written by Sean Murphy and Clay McCormack, illustrated by Simone Di Meo and George Kambadais, lettered by AndWorld Design and colored by Dave Stewart - began publication on August 2, 2022 and ended on the 23rd of the same month. It is both a spin-off and a prequel to Murphy's Batman: Beyond the White Knight (2022), and is also the sixth installment in his self-titled Murphyverse comic book line.

Sean Murphy (artist)
Sean Gordon Murphy (born 1980) is an American comic book writer and artist known for work on books such as Joe the Barbarian with Grant Morrison, Chrononauts with Mark Millar, American Vampire: Survival of the Fittest and The Wake with Scott Snyder, Tokyo Ghost with Rick Remender, and the miniseries Punk Rock Jesus.

He is also the creator of the Murphyverse, a collection of stories about Batman that is separate from the main DC Universe. Murphyverse titles include Batman: White Knight and its sequels Curse of the White Knight and Beyond the White Knight, which Murphy wrote and illustrated.
Military in Vatican City
The Vatican City State, formed in 1929, is the heir of the Papal States, which ceased to exist in 1870. Unlike those, the Vatican does not have a military, except for a small number of Swiss Guards and gendarmes, fulfilling mainly representative and policing duties. For any further defense purposes, the Vatican de facto relies on the Italian state and its military.

Italian Armed Forces
The Italian Armed Forces (Italian: Forze armate italiane, pronounced [ˈfɔrtse arˈmaːte itaˈljaːne]) encompass the Italian Army, the Italian Navy and the Italian Air Force. A fourth branch of the armed forces, known as the Carabinieri, take on the role as the nation's military police and are also involved in missions and operations abroad as a combat force. Despite not being a branch of the armed forces, the Guardia di Finanza is organized along military lines.

These five forces comprise a total of 340,885 men and women with the official status of active military personnel, of which 167,057 are in the Army, Navy and Air Force. The President of Italy heads the armed forces as the President of the High Council of Defence established by article 87 of the Constitution of Italy. According to article 78, the Parliament has the authority to declare a state of war and vest the powers to lead the war in the Government.
Alfred J. Freddoso
Alfred J. Freddoso (born 1946) is an American philosopher and Professor Emeritus of Philosophy and John and Jean Oesterle Professor Emeritus of Thomistic Studies at the University of Notre Dame.
He is the father of David Freddoso.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Down Bad (Dreamville song)
"Down Bad" is a song by American record label Dreamville featuring performances by American rappers J. Cole, JID, Bas, Johnny Venus of EarthGang, and Young Nudy, released on June 12, 2019 alongside "Got Me" as the dual second single from the label's 2019 compilation album, Revenge of the Dreamers III.

Bas (rapper)
Abbas Hamad (born May 27, 1987), known professionally as  Bas, is a French-born Sudanese-American rapper. He signed with J. Cole's Dreamville Records, an imprint of Interscope Records to release his debut studio album, Last Winter (2014). It was met with positive critical reception and entered the Billboard 200, along with his second and third albums,  Too High to Riot (2016) and  Milky Way (2018). His fourth album, We Only Talk About Real Shit When We're Fucked Up (2023) was met with continued praise.
Coxwold Pottery
The Coxwold Pottery was a pottery studio based in the village of Coxwold, North Yorkshire, England, launched by artist potters Peter and Jill Dick in 1965, and in operation until 2012.

The pottery produced slipware decorated pottery, including kitchenware, tableware, planters and commemorative pieces, mostly thrown on the wheel. Their methods varied over the years from low-fired earthenware to high-fired, the techniques changing somewhat when they largely changed over to electric kiln firing in the early 1980s.

William Alfred Ismay described their work as " . . practical and useful, and the overall impression is of warmth and generosity  -  a real  'country pottery'  feeling".

William Alfred Ismay
William Alfred Ismay MBE (10 April 1910 – 13 January 2001) was a librarian, writer and collector in Wakefield, West Yorkshire known for his significant collection of post-war studio pottery. The collection called the W.A. Ismay Collection was bequeathed to the Yorkshire Museum and is one of the world's largest collections of 20th-century studio pottery. It includes work by Bernard Leach, Hans Coper, Shoji Hamada, Takeshi Yasuda, David Leach Dan Arbeid and Lucie Rie.
Baseball at the 1999 All-Africa Games
Baseball was one of 19 sports included in the 1999 All-Africa Games held during September of that year in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was the first of two editions of the Games during which baseball would be included. Six teams participated in the tournament, with the winner being qualified for a playoff with the champion of Oceania, the winner of which would be then qualified for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Australia.

South Africa dominated the tournament handily, outscoring their opponents by double digits. They went on to the Olympic qualifying playoff against Guam where they similarly were successful, sweeping a best-of-five-series played in Johannesburg in December 1999, earning the team's first and only qualification for Olympic baseball. South African players led most of the statistical categories for the tournament, including the top hitter, Ian Holness, who batted .909 with 10 hits in 11 at-bats.

South Africa national baseball team
The South African national baseball team is the baseball team which represents the Republic of South Africa in international baseball competitions such as the World Baseball Classic and the Summer Olympics. The governing body of the team is the South African Baseball Union.
Dispatch (sternwheeler)
Dispatch was a sternwheel steamboat that was operated on the Coquille River on the southern Oregon coast from 1903 to 1920.  The name of this vessel is sometimes seen spelled Despatch. This sternwheeler should not be confused with an earlier and somewhat smaller sternwheeler, also named Dispatch, that was built at Bandon, Oregon, in 1890, for which the 1903 Dispatch was a replacement.

Bandon, Oregon
Bandon (/ˈbændən/) is a city in Coos County, Oregon, United States, on the south side of the mouth of the Coquille River. It was named by George Bennet, an Irish peer, who settled nearby in 1873 and named the town after Bandon in Ireland, his hometown. The population was 3,066 at the 2010 census and by the 2020 census it was 3,321.
Long Valley (Nevada)
Long Valley is an approximately 25-mile (40 km) long endorheic basin in the northern portion of Washoe County, Nevada in the northwest corner of Nevada. It is bordered by the Hays Canyon Range to the west, which gradually transitions into rolling hills north of the valley. To the east lies a large plateau, which is partially dissected by Massacre Lake Valley; this plateau eventually rises to over 7,000 feet in elevation as it rises toward the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
Phaeophyscia endophoenicea
Phaeophyscia endophoenicea is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) foliose lichen in the family Physciaceae. It is characterized by a grey to pale brown rosette-forming thallus that grows 1–3 cm wide. It features narrow lobes with yellowish to reddish powdery reproductive structures called soredia, and a distinctive black lower surface with abundant root-like rhizines that anchor it to its substrate. The lichen's inner tissue (medulla) is typically yellow to orange-red in its lower part. Though rare and possibly underreported, P. endophoenicea primarily grows on the bark of slanting trees across various European regions, extending from southern areas into Scandinavia, with presence in relatively undisturbed forests of European Russia, Ukraine, and the Netherlands.

Rosette (botany)
In botany, a rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves.

In flowering plants, rosettes usually sit near the soil, but they can also be at the top of an otherwise leafless branch or trunk. Their structure is an example of a modified stem in which the internode gaps between the leaves do not expand, so that all the leaves remain clustered tightly together and at a similar height. Some insects induce the development of galls that are leafy rosettes.

In bryophytes and algae, a rosette results from the repeated branching of the thallus as the plant grows, resulting in a circular outline.
Jon Neuhouser
Jon Neuhouser is an American former basketball player. A forward, Neuhouser was named Midwestern Collegiate Conference Player of the Year in 1997.  Neuhouser joined the Butler Bulldogs beginning the 1995–96 season after graduating from and playing basketball for Leo Junior/Senior High School in Leo-Cedarville, Indiana.

Butler Bulldogs men's basketball
The Butler Bulldogs men's basketball team represents Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana. The school's team currently competes in the Big East Conference. They play their home games at Hinkle Fieldhouse.
Adolphe Van Glabbeke
Adolphe Gustave Maximilien Ernest Van Glabbeke (8 August 1904 – 5 July 1959) was a Belgian politician from the Liberal Party who served in several government positions including Minister of Justice and Minister of the Interior, as well as serving as the Mayor of Ostend from 1953 to 1959.

Ostend
Ostend (/ɒstˈɛnd/ ost-END; Dutch: Oostende [oːstˈɛndə] ⓘ West Flemish: Ostende; French: Ostende [ɔstɑ̃d] ⓘ; lit. 'East End') is a coastal city and municipality in the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It comprises the boroughs of Mariakerke, Raversijde, Stene and Zandvoorde, and the city of Ostend proper – the largest on the Belgian coast.
Kantibhai Patel
Kantibhai Gordhanbhai Patel (28 October 1928 – 10 September 2011) was an Indian-born Zimbabwean anti-colonial activist, politician, and businessman who served as a senator in the 1980s before serving as a non-constituency Member of Parliament in the 1990s. A member of Zimbabwe's governing party, the ZANU–PF, he served on the party's Central Committee and Politburo. Following his death, he was declared a National Hero of Zimbabwe.

National Assembly of Zimbabwe
The National Assembly of Zimbabwe, previously the House of Assembly until 2013, is the lower house of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. It was established upon Zimbabwe's independence in 1980 as one of two chambers of parliament. Between the abolition of the Senate in 1989 and its reestablishment in 2005, the House of Assembly was the sole chamber of parliament.

Since the 2023 election, the National Assembly has had 280 members. Of these, 210 are elected in single-member constituencies. 60 seats are reserved for women, and are elected by proportional representation in 10 six-seat constituencies based on the country's provinces. The last 10 seats are reserved for youth and are also elected through proportional representation in 10 one-seat constituencies based on the provinces as well.

Jacob Mudenda has been Speaker of the National Assembly since September 2013.
Iago Herrerín
Iago Herrerín Buisán (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɟʝaɣo ereˈɾin]; born 25 January 1988) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga DIMAYOR club Deportivo Pasto.

He spent most of his career affiliated to Athletic Bilbao, making 119 first-team appearances. He also played on loan at Numancia in the Segunda División and Leganés in La Liga.

CD Numancia
Club Deportivo Numancia de Soria, S.A.D. is a Spanish football club in Soria, in the autonomous community of Castile and León. Founded on 9 April 1945, it plays in Segunda Federación – Group 1, holding home games at Nuevo Estadio Los Pajaritos.

Besides football it had other departments in sports, such as volleyball, women's handball, and rhythmic gymnastics.
Shin Won-sik
Shin Won-sik (Korean: 신원식, born 24 July 1958) is a South Korean politician, retired army lieutenant general and former Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He held the position of Minister of National Defense within the cabinet of President Yoon Suk Yeol from 7 October 2023 until 9 September 2024. He was 8th director of the South Korean National Security Bureau from 12 August 2024 until 4 June 2025.

Office of National Security
The Office of National Security (Korean: 국가안보실) assists the President of South Korea. It is led by a ministerial-level Director who is appointed by the President without nomination hearing at the legislature unlike other ministerial-level posts. The director often serves as the counterpart of National Security Advisor of the United States. Moreover, the director serves as the chairperson of the standing committee of National Security Council, which is established by Article 91 of the Constitution and chaired by the President, whilst its first Deputy Director serves as the Council's secretary-general.
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, also known as the Asian tapeworm, is a freshwater fish parasite that originated from China and Eastern Russia. It is a generalized parasite that affects a wide variety of fish hosts, particularly cyprinids, contributing to its overall success.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Greenfield District
Greenfield District is a transit-oriented mixed-use development in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines. It is a redevelopment of the old United Laboratories (Unilab) pharmaceutical plant and adjacent retail market in Barangay Highway Hills adjoining Barangay Kapitolyo in Pasig to the east. The 15-hectare (37-acre) mixed commercial and residential complex is in the crossroads of EDSA and Shaw Boulevard immediately south of the Ortigas Center. It consists of an office tower, condominium high-rises, a central park, retail centers and recreational facilities.

Unilab
Unilab, Inc., commonly known as Unilab (stylized in all caps), is a Philippine pharmaceutical company headquartered in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila. It specializes in a wide range of consumer healthcare products such as prescription and over-the counter medications, vitamins and food supplements, and biotechnology.

It is the largest manufacturer of health products in the Philippines, with a vast manufacturing network composed of:

Amherst Laboratories, Inc.

Amherst Parenterals, Inc.

Amherst Nutraceuticals, Inc.

Asian Antibiotics, Inc.

Belmont Softgel Pharma Corporation

Unilab Manufacturing

Unilab also has its own distribution center, First Pioneer Distribution, Inc. enabling logistical efficiencies in distributing their products nationwide.