hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jasmin Kulenović
Jasmin Kulenović (12 November 1957 - 10 January 1995)  also known as Havarija was a commander in the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Kulenović commanded  5th Corps Reconnaissance-Sabotage Company which got nicknamed 5. IDČ - “Havarija”, as well as a battalion in 501st Brigade (ARBiH) beforehand.

501st Brigade (ARBiH)
The 501st Famous Mountain Brigade (Bosnian: 501. slavna brdska brigada) was formed on July 19, 1992, as the First Bihać Infantry Brigade in Kamenica near Bihać, with the aim of defending Bihać and its surroundings from Serbian attacks. Although the brigade had no problems with the number of men, the main problem of this brigade and the entire Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina was the lack of weapons and military equipment, despite its contribution during the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina was extremely significant and large.
Trail of the Ancients
The Trail of the Ancients is a collection of National Scenic Byways located in the U.S. Four Corners states of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. These byways comprise:

The 366-mile (589 km) Trail of the Ancients National Scenic Byway in San Juan County, Utah;

The 116-mile (187 km) Trail of the Ancients Scenic and Historic Byway in Montezuma County, Colorado;

The 662.4-mile (1,066 km) Trail of the Ancients Scenic Byway in McKinley and San Juan counties, New Mexico;

The 100.3-mile (161 km) Dine' Tah "Among the People" Scenic Road in Apache County, Arizona, and the 26-mile (42 km) Kayenta-Monument Valley Scenic Road in Navajo County, Arizona.

The byways highlight the archaeological and cultural history of southwestern Native American peoples, and traverses the widely diverse geological landscape of the Four Corners region of the Colorado Plateau. It was the first National Scenic Byway that was designated primarily for its archaeological sites.

San Juan County, Utah
San Juan County (/sæn ˈwɑːn/ san-WAHN) is a county in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 14,518. Its county seat is Monticello, while its most populous city is Blanding. The Utah State Legislature named the county for the San Juan River, itself named by Spanish explorers (in honor of Saint John). San Juan County borders Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico at the Four Corners.
Ramsey–Lewis method
The Ramsey–Lewis method is a method for defining terms found in theoretical frameworks (such as in scientific theories), credited to mathematician Frank P. Ramsey and philosopher David K. Lewis. By using this method, a set of theoretical terms appearing in a theory can be defined implicitly by the assertions of the theory itself.

Frank P. Ramsey
Frank Plumpton Ramsey (/ˈræmzi/; 22 February 1903 – 19 January 1930) was a British philosopher, mathematician, and economist who made major contributions to all three fields before his death at the age of 26. He was a close friend of Ludwig Wittgenstein and, as an undergraduate, translated Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus into English. He was also influential in persuading Wittgenstein to return to philosophy and Cambridge. Like Wittgenstein, he was a member of the Cambridge Apostles, the secret intellectual society, from 1921.
Peter Schuster (theoretical chemist)
Peter K. Schuster (born 7 March 1941) is a theoretical chemist known for his work with the German Nobel Laureate Manfred Eigen in developing the quasispecies model. His work has made great strides in the understanding of viruses and their replication, as well as theoretical mechanisms in the origin of life.

Theoretical chemistry
Theoretical chemistry is the branch of chemistry which develops theoretical generalizations that are part of the theoretical arsenal of modern chemistry: for example, the concepts of chemical bonding, chemical reaction, valence, the surface of potential energy, molecular orbitals, orbital interactions, and molecule activation.
Greater London Group
The Greater London Group was a research centre at the London School of Economics that was created in 1958, to prepare analysis and advice to the Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London, founded the previous year. Chaired by William A. Robson, it expanded on his previous work focusing on issues of London government, with input and debate from the other members of the newly formed group. It has been recognised as having had a significant impact during the 1960s and upon the creation of the Greater London Council in 1965. It continued operating until 1998, when it was reformulated as LSE London, hosted by the Department of Geography and Environment of the London School of Economics.

Local government in London
Local government in Greater London, England takes place in two tiers; an upper tier and a lower tier. The upper tier authority is the Greater London Authority (GLA), controlled by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. The lower tier authorities are the 32 borough councils, the City of London Corporation in the City of London and Queen's Park Community Council in Queen's Park, in the borough of Westminster.
Meretoto / Ship Cove
Meretoto / Ship Cove is a small bay in the Marlborough Sounds in New Zealand. It is located near the entrance of Queen Charlotte Sound / Tōtaranui, west of nearby Motuara Island and Long Island.

Explorer James Cook anchored his ships here and hence named it Ship Cove; however, in 2014 the official name was altered to "Meretoto / Ship Cove", to reflect its original Māori name. While Ship Cove is a descriptive name, little is known about the origin of the name Meretoto. One possible translation is "bloody mere".

The site is a Category 1 listed historic place and is managed by the Department of Conservation.

Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
The Department of Conservation (DOC; Māori: Te Papa Atawhai) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with the conservation of New Zealand's natural and historical heritage.

An advisory body, the New Zealand Conservation Authority (NZCA) is provided to advise DOC and its ministers.  In addition there are 15 conservation boards for different areas around the country that provide for interaction between DOC and the public.
Brett DiBiase
Brett DiBiase (born March 16, 1988) is an American retired professional wrestler and professional wrestling referee. He is best known for his time in Florida Championship Wrestling, WWE's developmental territory. He is a former FCW Florida Tag Team Champion with Joe Hennig as The Fortunate Sons.

DiBiase is a third-generation professional wrestler. His grandmother Helen Hild and adoptive grandfather Iron Mike DiBiase were professional wrestlers, as was his father, "The Million Dollar Man" Ted DiBiase. DiBiase's older brothers, Mike and Ted Jr., were also professional wrestlers.

In December 2020, he pleaded guilty to making fraudulent statements concerning a role in the Mississippi welfare funds scandal, and received a $48,000 fine. In March 2023, he would also plead guilty in federal court to conspiracy to defraud the United States government and is awaiting his sentence.

Florida Championship Wrestling
Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) was a professional wrestling promotion based on the former National Wrestling Alliance member promotion, Championship Wrestling from Florida, which operated from 1961 until 1987. From October 2007 to August 2012, the promotion served as the official developmental territory for WWE. In August 2012, WWE re-branded Florida Championship Wrestling into NXT for their developmental territory, with storylines and championships being discontinued.

In March 2020 a documentary was released on WWE Network titled A Future WWE: The FCW Story, about the professional wrestlers that came up through the FCW system.
Daniele Rugani
Daniele Rugani (Italian pronunciation: [daˈnjɛːle ruˈɡaːni]; born 29 July 1994) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or full-back for Serie A club Fiorentina, on loan from Juventus, and the Italy national team.

Rugani began his professional club career with Empoli in Serie B in 2013, where he immediately helped the club achieve Serie A promotion, and was named the 2014 Serie B Footballer of the Year. His defensive performances the following season saw him named to the 2015 Serie A Team of the Year, and earned him a transfer to Juventus, where he won five consecutive Serie A titles, two Coppa Italia titles, and two Supercoppa Italiana titles.

At the international level, Rugani has represented the Italy U21 team at the UEFA European Under-21 Championship in 2015 and 2017, and made his senior debut in 2016.

Serie B Footballer of the Year
The AIC Serie B Young Footballer of the Year (Italian: Migliore giovane della Serie B AIC) is a yearly award organized by the Italian Footballers' Association (AIC) given to the young footballer who has been considered to have performed the best over the previous Serie B season.

The award is part of the Gran Galà del Calcio (formerly known as Oscar del Calcio) awards event.
Sutherland Hotel
The Sutherland Hotel, originally built to be the Cooper–Monatah Hotel, is a historic building in the Kenwood neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Built as a high-end hotel, the Sutherland was commandeered by the US government as a military hospital before it was completed. Finally opened as a hotel in 1925, the building later became famous for its Sutherland Lounge, a popular venue for Chicago's jazz scene.

Kenwood, Chicago
Kenwood is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States. It is on the shore of Lake Michigan on the South Side of the city.

Its boundaries are 43rd Street, 51st Street, Cottage Grove Avenue, and the lake. Kenwood was originally part of Hyde Park Township, which was annexed to the city of Chicago in 1889. Kenwood was once one of Chicago's most affluent neighborhoods, and it still has some of the largest single-family homes in the city. It contains two Chicago Landmark districts, Kenwood and North Kenwood. A large part of the southern half of the community area is in the Hyde Park-Kenwood Historic District. In recent years, Kenwood has received national attention as the home of former U.S. President Barack Obama.
Brady Corbet
Brady James Monson Corbet (/kɔːrˈbeɪ/ kor-BAY; born August 17, 1988) is an American filmmaker and actor. He had roles in films such as Thirteen (2003), Mysterious Skin (2004), Funny Games (2007), Martha Marcy May Marlene (2011), Melancholia (2011), and Clouds of Sils Maria (2014), as well as the series 24 (2006) and Olive Kitteridge (2014).

Since he quit acting in 2014 to pursue his filmmaking career with his partner Mona Fastvold, Corbet made his directorial debut with the psychological drama The Childhood of a Leader (2015). He has since co-written and directed the musical drama Vox Lux (2018) and the period epic The Brutalist (2024). The latter earned him the Silver Lion, BAFTA, and Golden Globe for Best Director as well as three Academy Award nominations for Best Picture, Director and Original Screenplay.

Silver Lion
The Silver Lion (Italian: Leone d'argento, also known as Silver Lion for Best Direction) is an annual award presented for best directing achievements in a feature film in the official competition section of the Venice Film Festival since 1998.

The prize has been awarded irregularly and has gone through several changes of purpose. Between 1953 and 1994, the award was given infrequently to a number of films as second prize for those nominated for the Golden Lion. At various times, the Silver Lion has also been awarded for debut films, short films, direction, and writing.

Since 1990, the Silver Lion has been presented to the director of a feature film in the official competition; Martin Scorsese was the first official winner of the award for Goodfellas, while Benny Safdie is the most recent winner for The Smashing Machine in 2025. Andrei Konchalovsky is the only person to receive the award twice.
Eric Kimaiyo
Erick Kimaiyo Kimase (born 8 July 1969) is a Kenyan former marathon runner who came second at the 1997 Berlin Marathon, and won the Honolulu and Baltimore Marathons on multiple occasions. Kimaiyo now works as a marathon coach, and trains current women's world record holder Brigid Kosgei.

Honolulu Marathon
The Honolulu Marathon (branded JAL Honolulu Marathon for sponsorship reasons) is a marathon (26.2 miles or 42.2km) in Honolulu, Hawaii. It was first held on December 16, 1973, and it typically takes places on the second Sunday in December. The marathon is popular for its tropical location in Hawaii, and is also popular among first-time marathoners, many of whom are visitors from Japan. Japan Air Lines has been the title sponsor of the race since 1985.

About 20,000 runners finish the Honolulu Marathon each year, and it is one of the five largest marathons in the United States. Entry to the Honolulu Marathon is open to anyone, and there is neither a lottery nor a set of qualifying times. There is also no time limit to finish the course. From 1973 to 2006, more than 585,000 runners have started the Honolulu Marathon, with over 482,000 finishers, for a finishing rate of over 82%.
Bench Lakes (Idaho)
The Bench Lakes are a chain of five small alpine glacial lakes in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area. A cutoff from Sawtooth National Forest trail 101 along Redfish Lake leads to the Bench Lakes. The lakes are drained by an unnamed stream that flows into Redfish Lake, Redfish Lake Creek, and eventually the Salmon River.

The Bench Lakes are in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries. The uppermost Bench Lake is at the northeastern base of Mount Heyburn.

Sawtooth Range (Idaho)
The Sawtooth Range is a mountain range of the Rocky Mountains in central Idaho, United States, reaching a maximum elevation of 10,751 feet (3,277 m) at the summit of Thompson Peak. It encompasses an area of 678 square miles (1,756 km2) spanning parts of Custer, Boise, Blaine, and Elmore counties, and is bordered to the east by the Sawtooth Valley. Much of the mountain range is within the Sawtooth Wilderness, part of the Sawtooth National Recreation Area and Sawtooth National Forest.

The mountains were named for their jagged peaks.
Mukhtar Atiku Kurawa
Mukhtar Atiku Kurawa (born 28 August 1970) is a professor of Inorganic Chemistry, Nigerian academic, administrator, and the former Rector of Kano State Polytechnic, the 3rd substantive Vice Chancellor of Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.

Northwest University, Kano
Northwest University (formerly Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano) is a Nigerian public university owned by the Kano State Government. It has two campuses: City Campus located in Kano City, and the main campus located along General Buhari Way, Kofar Ruwa.

In 2017, the university initially renamed Yusuf Maitama Sule University as a tribute to Maitama Sule, the influential 20th-century Kano politician, was later renamed back to its original name, Northwest University, Kano.
Adam Beattie
Adam Beattie (1833–1893) was an American politician who served in the Michigan Senate as a Republican, representing District 17. During the American Civil War he was the Captain of the New York 26th Independent Battery, Light Artillery Barnes’ Rifle Battery.

Michigan's 17th Senate district
Michigan's 17th Senate district is one of 38 districts in the Michigan Senate. The 17th district was created by the 1850 Michigan Constitution, as the 1835 constitution only permitted a maximum of eight senate districts. It has been represented by Republican Jonathan Lindsey since 2023, succeeding fellow Republican Dale Zorn.
Ana Paiva
Ana Maria Severino de Almeida e Paiva is Secretary of State for Science in Portugal since April 5, 2024.  The Portuguese-born secretary is a computer scientist that researches and explores the creation of intelligent interactive robots. Using her knowledge in robotics and artificial intelligence, she designs AI robots to learn and interact with humans the same way other humans do. Along with her organization in GAIPS and students at University of Lisbon, she has written multiple scientific articles about her findings and research, winning notable awards such as Blue Sky Awards at the AAAI (Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence) in 2022.

Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is an international scientific society devoted to promote research in, and responsible use of, artificial intelligence (AI). AAAI also aims to increase public understanding of AI, improve the teaching and training of AI practitioners, and provide guidance for research planners and funders concerning the importance and potential of current AI developments and future directions.
Triple Seat
Triple Seat is a 2019 Indian Marathi language romantic comedy film directed by Sanket Prakash Pavse and produced by Narendra Shantikumar Firodiya under the banner of Anushka Motion Pictures & Entertainment and Ahmednagar Film Company with Swapnil Sanjay Munot as co-producer. The film starring Ankush Chaudhari, Shivani Surve and Pallavi Patil follows the story of a couple (played by Ankush Chaudhari and Shivani Surve) with a third angle (played by Pallavi Patil) to form a love triangle in a cross connection of wireless love.

The music of the film is composed by Avinash-Vishwajeet, the soundtrack was released on 17 October 2019. The film was theatrically released on 25 October 2019.

Pallavi Patil
Pallavi Patil is an Indian actress. She debuted with the Marathi film Classmates, Patil has starred in several Marathi films including 702 Dixit's, Shentimental, and Tu Tithe Asave and John Abraham's Marathi film production Savita Damodar Paranjpe.
National Republican Party (El Salvador)
The National Republican Party (Partido Republicano Nacional) was a Salvadoran political party that existed from 1930 to 1931.

The party supported General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez during the 1931 presidential election. The party joined a coalition with Arturo Araujo's Labor Party during the 1931 general election. The coalition failed to win a majority but Araujo was elected president by the Legislative Assembly and Maximiliano Hernández Martínez became vice president.

The party was dissolved following the 1931 Salvadoran coup d'état but was later turned into the National Pro Patria Party.

National Pro Patria Party
The National Party of the Fatherland (Spanish: Partido Nacional "Pro-Patria"), usually translated as the National Pro Patria Party or simply the Pro Patria Party, was a far-right political party which was the sole-legal political party in El Salvador from its establishment in 1933 until its dissolution in 1945. The party was founded by President General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez to support his government.
C. A. M. N. Silva
Major General C. A. Mike N. Silva, VSV (4 July 1933 - 20 February 2019) was a senior Sri Lanka Army officer who served as the Chief of Staff of the Army and the Commandant of the Volunteer Force. He was the first Commandant of the Kotelawala Defence Academy.

Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya
The Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya (VSV, Distinguished Service Order) (Sinhala: විශිෂ්ට සේවා විභූෂණය viṣiṣta sēvā vibhūṣaṇaya) is awarded to senior officers of the Military of Sri Lanka in recognition of:

...exceptional, distinguished and loyal service provided they count not less than twenty-five years of service and possess an unblemished record of moral and military conduct...—
History of Amsterdam
Amsterdam has a long and eventful history. The origins of the city lie around 1000 CE, when inhabitants settled at the mouth of the Amstel and began peatland reclamation. After the All Saints' Flood (1170), a dam was built in the Amstel to protect the lower lands from floods.

In 1275, Amsterdam was granted a toll privilege by Count Floris V which exempted it from a bridge toll. This made Amsterdam popular for international traders to sell goods at lower prices. During the Middle Ages, it developed into one of the largest trading cities in the world. The 17th century was a Golden Age, Amsterdam was the most important trading hub in Europe and the leading financial center of the western world. Amsterdam is colloquially called the "Venice of the North" for its numerous canals. It is also ranked as a top sin city due to the adult entertainment. As the capital city of the Netherlands, it is the largest with over 930,000 inhabitants in 2024.

Land reclamation
Land reclamation, often known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground, reclaimed land, or land fill. The term "reclamation" is a misnomer, and promotes confusion with land rehabilitation.
Mount Wilson (Alberta)
Mount Wilson is a 3,260-metre (10,696 ft) mountain summit located in the North Saskatchewan River valley of Banff National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Cline, 9.81 km (6.10 mi) to the northeast. Mount Wilson is situated immediately north of the confluence of the North Saskatchewan River, Mistaya River, and Howse River near Saskatchewan Crossing, where the Icefields Parkway intersects with the David Thompson Highway.

Alberta Highway 93
Highway 93 is a north–south highway in Alberta, Canada.  It is also known as the Banff-Windermere Parkway south of the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) and the Icefields Parkway north of the Trans-Canada Highway.  It travels through Banff National Park and Jasper National Park and is maintained by Parks Canada for its entire length.  It runs from the British Columbia border at Vermilion Pass in the south, where it becomes British Columbia Highway 93, to its terminus at the junction with the Yellowhead Highway (Highway 16) at Jasper.  The route takes its number from U.S. Route 93, which runs uninterrupted south to central Arizona, and was initially designated as '93' in 1959.
Ayana Jordan
Ayana Jordan is an American addiction psychiatrist and immunopathologist. She researches treatments for substance use disorders in marginalized communities. She is the Barbara Wilson Associate Professor of Psychiatry at NYU Langone Health and was a professor at Yale School of Medicine. She served as an attending psychiatrist in the Yale University Department of Psychiatry. She was elected to the Board of Trustees of the American Psychiatric Association in 2018. She attended Hampton University and received her MD and PhD from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

Immunopathology
Immunopathology is a branch of medicine that deals with immune responses associated with disease.  It includes the study of the pathology of an organism, organ system, or disease with respect to the immune system, immunity, and immune responses. In biology, it refers to damage caused to an organism by its own immune response, as a result of an infection. It could be due to mismatch between pathogen and host species, and often occurs when an animal pathogen infects a human (e.g. avian flu leads to a cytokine storm which contributes to the increased mortality rate).