hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Berberis fortunei
Berberis fortunei  is a species of shrub in the family Berberidaceae, the barberry family, described in 1846. It is endemic to China, found in the provinces of Chongqing, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, and Zhejiang. It is grown as an ornamental in many lands, with common names including Chinese mahonia, Fortune's mahonia, and holly grape.

Some authorities place the genus Mahonia in Berberis because there is no definite morphological distinction between the two genera. The subject awaits in-depth genetic analysis.

Berberis
Berberis (/ˈbɜːrbərɪs/), commonly known as barberry, is a large genus of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from 1–5 m (3+1⁄2–16+1⁄2 ft) tall, found throughout temperate and subtropical regions of the world (apart from Australia). Species diversity is greatest in South America and Asia, but native species also appear in Europe, Africa and North America.

The best-known Berberis species is the type species, B. vulgaris (European barberry), which is common in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and central Asia; it has also been widely introduced in North America. Additionally, B. aquifolium is the state flower of Oregon.
María Ramírez de Medrano
María Ramírez de Medrano (b. La Rioja, 12th century) was a wealthy noblewoman from the illustrious Medrano family, high nobility in the Kingdom of Castile, originally from the Kingdom of Navarre. She was the Lady (suo jure) of Fuenmayor, and founder of the hospital, convent and commandery of San Juan de Acre in Navarrete, La Rioja in 1185 for the Order of Saint John; and to provide assistance and protection to pilgrims on the Camino de Santiago. María Ramírez de Medrano was the wife of Fortún de Baztán, lord of Baztán, descendant of the early Navarrese kings. María's son Martín de Baztán y Medrano was the bishop of Osma in Soria.

Baztan, Navarre
Baztan is a municipality from the Chartered Community of Navarre, northern Spain. It is located 58 km (36 mi) from Pamplona, the capital of Navarre. It is the largest municipality in Navarre, with around 376.8 km2 and just over 8,000 inhabitants.
Uali Kurzhev
Uali Kurzhev (born 24 April 1989) is a Russian judoka, sambo practitioner and submission grappler. He is the gold medalist of the 2015 Judo Grand Slam Tyumen in the ‍–‍73 kg category and a three-time Sambo world champion.

Submission wrestling
Submission wrestling, also known as submission fighting and submission grappling or simply grappling, is a martial art and combat sport that focuses on ground fighting and submission techniques. It is a hybrid discipline that incorporates elements of various martial arts such as various wrestling styles, judo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Submission wrestling is practiced both as a competitive sport and as a training method for self-defence and mixed martial arts (MMA).
Shish Gumbad
Shish Gumbad ("glazed dome"), also spelt Shisha Gumbad, is a tomb from the Lodi dynasty and is thought to have possibly been constructed between 1489 and 1517 CE; the historian Simon Digby has argued on the basis of an inscription in the adjoining mosque that it was completed in 1494 CE. The Shish Gumbad (glass dome) houses graves, whose occupants are not unequivocally identifiable. Historians have suggested, the structure might have been dedicated either to an unknown family, which was part of the Lodi family and  of Sikandar Lodi's court, or to Bahlul Lodi (died 12 July 1489) himself, who was chief of the Afghan Lodi tribe, founder and Sultan of the Lodi dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.

Shish Gumbad is situated in the Lodi Gardens in Delhi and the area where the tomb is situated was formally called village Khairpur.

Sikandar Khan Lodi
Sikandar Khan Lodi (Persian: سکندر لودی; 17 July 1458 – 21 November 1517), born Nizam Khan (Persian: نظام خان) also known as Sikandar II, was Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate between 1489 and 1517. He became ruler of the Lodi dynasty after the death of his father Bahlul Khan Lodi in July 1489. The second and most successful ruler of the Lodi dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, he was also a poet of the Persian language and prepared a diwan of 9000 verses. He made an effort to recover the lost territories which once were a part of the Delhi Sultanate and was able to expand the territory controlled by the Lodi Dynasty.
Muhammad Amin al-Imami al-Khu'i
Muhammad-Amin al-Imami al-Khu'i (Arabic: محمد أمين الإمامي الخوئي, romanized: Muhammad Amīn al-Imāmī al-Khūʾī), honorifically titled as Sadr al-Islam (Arabic: صدر الإسلام, romanized: Ṣadr-al-Islām; 1885 – June 1948) was an Iranian Ja'fari jurist and writer.   
An Azeri-Asadi by ancestry, Najafi by birth and Khoei by origin, he was recognized as a first-class mujtahid of Tehran from 1920 to the 1940s, and played an effective role in post-constitutional years. A well-known religious historian and author of many fiqh-related works in Arabic and Persian, however, most have remained as handwritten. In addition,  Al-Khu'i was noticed as a book collector and scribe of rare books. He died in Tehran at the age of 63.

Najaf
Najaf is the capital city of the eponymous Najaf Governorate in central Iraq, about 160 km (99 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2024 was about 1.41 million people. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, as well as the center of Shia political power in Iraq.

It is the burial place of Muhammad's son in law and cousin, ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib, and thus a major pilgrimage destination for Shia Muslims. The largest cemetery in the world (Wadi-us-Salaam) and the oldest Shi'a Islamic seminary in the world (Hawza of Najaf) are located in Najaf.
Mohit Bakaya
Mohit Bakaya, Hon. FRSL (born 12 November 1964) is the controller of BBC Radio 4. He joined the BBC in 1993 and produced programmes such as Front Row and Night Waves before becoming the commissioning editor for factual in 2008.

He was appointed as controller of Radio 4 in 2019, replacing Gwyneth Williams.

In 2023, Bakaya was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Gerald Whitburn
Gerald "Jerry" Whitburn (born 1945) is a retired American businessman and government official.  He served as Secretary of the Wisconsin Department of Industry, Labor and Human Relations and later Secretary of Wisconsin Department of Health and Social Services under Governor Tommy Thompson, and subsequently served as Secretary of Health and Human Services of Massachusetts for Governor Bill Weld.  He is best known for his work implementing welfare-to-work programs in the 1990s.

Secretary of Health and Human Services of Massachusetts
The secretary of health and human services of Massachusetts is the head of the Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services, and serves as an advisor to the governor of Massachusetts. Its current secretary is Kathleen E. Walsh, who has been serving since January 25, 2023.
Jeziorki Ditch
Jeziorki Ditch (also known as Jeziorki Canal) is a ditch in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland, flowing through Gmina Lesznowola, Warsaw's Ursynów district, Gmina Piaseczno, and Gmina Konstancin-Jeziorna. Its length is approximately 10.3 km or about 9 km, with a drainage basin of 19.6 km². The ditch serves as a tributary to the Jeziorka river, provides water retention functions, and supports a fading wildlife corridor along its banks. A trail runs along parts of the ditch for recreational use.

Jeziorka (river)
The Jeziorka River is a river in central Poland, a left tributary of the Vistula river with a length of 66 kilometers. It rises near the Dębiny Osuchowskie village, and enters the Vistula near Obórki village, close to Konstancin-Jeziorna.

The river passes through the villages of Głuchów, Prażmów, Żabieniec and Chyliczki along its course towards the Vistula.
Chemical beam epitaxy
Chemical beam epitaxy (CBE) forms an important class of deposition techniques for semiconductor layer systems, especially III-V semiconductor systems. This form of epitaxial growth is performed in an ultrahigh vacuum system. The reactants are in the form of molecular beams of reactive gases, typically as the hydride or a metalorganic. The term CBE is often used interchangeably with metal-organic molecular beam epitaxy (MOMBE). The nomenclature does differentiate between the two (slightly different) processes, however.  When used in the strictest sense, CBE refers to the technique in which both components are obtained from gaseous sources, while MOMBE refers to the technique in which the group III component is obtained from a gaseous source and the group V component from a solid source.

Metal-organic compound
Metal-organic compounds (jargon: metalorganics, metallo-organics) are a class of chemical compounds that contain metals and organic ligands, but lacking direct metal-carbon bonds. Metal β-diketonates, metal alkoxides, metal dialkylamides, transition metal carboxylate complexes, metal acetylacetonates, and metal phosphine complexes are representative members of this class. Some of metal-organic compounds confer solubility in organic solvents or volatility. Compounds with these properties find applications in materials science for metal organic vapor deposition (MOCVD) or sol-gel processing. Precise definitions of metal-organic compound may vary, however the term may describe:

Organometallic chemistry

Metal coordination complexes of organic ligands.
Ivory Harris
Ivory Brandon Harris (born c. 1985), known as B-Stupid, is an American gangster from New Orleans, Louisiana, who gained notoriety when police accused him of committing murders in Houston and New Orleans. Following a 2006 arrest and 2007 plea deal, he is incarcerated in the federal prison system as of 2024.

Police said that Harris was associated with the "Dooney Boys," a group formed in the Magnolia Projects (C.J. Peete Projects) public housing community.

Prior to Hurricane Katrina, Harris had been arrested at least eight times in the 2000s and charged with murder twice; police could not get anyone to testify against him, so he could not be convicted of any serious crimes.

Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons (FBOP) is a federal law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Justice that is responsible for all federal prisons in the country and provides for the care, custody, and control of federal prisoners.
Governor of Kars
The Governor of Kars (Turkish: Kars Valiliği) is the bureaucratic state official responsible for both national government and state affairs in the Province of Kars. Similar to the Governors of the 80 other Provinces of Turkey, the Governor of Kars is appointed by the Government of Turkey and is responsible for the implementation of government legislation within Kars. The Governor is also the most senior commander of both the Kars provincial police force and the Kars Gendarmerie.

Kars Province
Kars Province (Turkish: Kars ili; Azerbaijani: Qars Rayonu; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Qersê; Armenian: Կարսի նահանգ) is a province of Turkey, located in the northeastern part of the country. It shares part of its closed border with Armenia. Its area is 10,193 km2, and its population is 274,829 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Kars. The provinces of Ardahan and Iğdır were part of Kars Province until 1992.
Kaleem Saadat
Kaleem Saadat NI(M) HI(M) SI(M) TI(M) LoH (Urdu: کلیم سعادت ; b. 12 December 1951) is a retired four-star air officer in the Pakistan Air Force who served as the Chief of Air Staff from 18 March 2003 until retiring on 20 March 2006. His appointment came after an air crash that killed Air Chief Marshal Mushaf Ali Mir, the air chief, along with several other high-ranking Air Force officers on 19 February 2003. He is the President of the Centre for Aerospace and Security Studies.

Tamgha-e-Imtiaz
Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (Urdu: تمغۂِ امتیاز, lit. 'Medal of Excellence'), also spelled as Tamgha-i-Imtiaz, is a state-bestowed honour of Pakistan. It is given to any civilian in Pakistan based on their achievements. While it is a civilian/military award, it can be bestowed upon officers of the Pakistan Armed Forces and worn on their uniform. It can also be awarded to foreign citizens who have performed great service to Pakistan.
Ronnie Rivers
Ronnie Rivers (born January 31, 1999) is an American professional football running back for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Arizona Cardinals after being undrafted in the 2022 NFL draft. He played college football for the Fresno State Bulldogs.

Fresno State Bulldogs football
The Fresno State Bulldogs football team represents California State University, Fresno, in NCAA Division I FBS college football as a member of the Mountain West Conference (Pac-12 Conference in 2026). The green "V" on the Bulldogs' helmets, uniforms, and playing field symbolizes California's Central Valley, specifically the San Joaquin Valley, the agricultural valley from which they draw their support.
Santi Mina
Santiago "Santi" Mina Lorenzo (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ˈsanti ˈmina loˈɾenθo]; born 7 December 1995) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a forward.

He spent most of his career at Celta, totalling 163 games and 42 goals across two spells. He made 268 appearances and scored 63 goals in La Liga where he also represented Valencia, transferring there for €10 million and winning the Copa del Rey in 2019.

In 2022, Mina was sentenced to four years in prison for sexual abuse committed five years earlier.

2019 Copa del Rey final
The 2019 Copa del Rey final was a football match played on 25 May 2019 that decided the winner of the 2018–19 Copa del Rey, the 117th edition of Spain's primary football cup (including two seasons where two rival editions were played). The match was played at the Estadio Benito Villamarín in Seville between Barcelona and Valencia. As of 2025, this was the latest final to be held outside of Estadio de La Cartuja.

Valencia won the final 2–1, achieving their eighth title overall and ending their 11-year trophy drought by winning their first major trophy since 2008.
El Cajon Boulevard
El Cajon Boulevard is a major east–west thoroughfare through San Diego, La Mesa and El Cajon, California. Before the creation of Interstate 8 it was the principal automobile route from San Diego to El Cajon, the Imperial Valley, and points east as U.S. Route 80; it is now signed as a business loop of Interstate 8.

La Mesa, California
La Mesa (lit. 'The Table') is a city in San Diego County, California, United States, located nine miles (14 kilometers) east of downtown San Diego in Southern California. The population was 61,121 at the 2020 census, up from 57,065 at the 2010 census. Its civic motto is "the Jewel of the Hills."
Anti-gliadin antibodies
Anti-gliadin antibodies are produced in response to gliadin, a prolamin found in wheat. In bread wheat it is encoded by three different alleles, AA, BB, and DD. These alleles can produce slightly different gliadins, which can cause the body to produce different antibodies. Some of these antibodies can detect proteins in specific grass taxa such as Triticeae (Triticeae glutens), while others react sporadically with certain species in those taxa, or over many taxonomically defined grass tribes.

Triticeae
Triticeae is a botanical tribe within the subfamily Pooideae of grasses that includes genera with many domesticated species. Major crop genera found in this tribe include wheat (see wheat taxonomy), barley, and rye; crops in other genera include some for human consumption, and others used for animal feed or rangeland protection. Among the world's cultivated species, this tribe has some of the most complex genetic histories. An example is bread wheat, which contains the genomes of three species with only one being a wheat Triticum species. Seed storage proteins in the Triticeae are implicated in various food allergies and intolerances.
Shanthalli
Shanthalli  is a village in Somwarpet taluk in Kodagu district of Karnataka, India.

It lies on SH-8. Shanthalli is located 11 km from taluk headquarter Somvarpete, 45 km from district headquarter Madikeri and 260 km from the state capital Bengaluru.

The village is famous for its annual fair of local deity, Lord Kumara Lingeshwara. Nearby tourist places are Mallalli Falls and Kumara Parvata hill located at 11 km and 14 km respectively.

Somwarpet
Somwarpet (somavārapēte, also written Somvarpet)  is a panchayat town in Kodagu district in the Indian state of Karnataka.  It is the main town of the Somwarpet taluk, in the north-east of the district.
2nd highest Administrative town in Karnataka in terms of elevation.
The main crops grown in the area are coffee and spice crops such as cardamom, peppers, oranges, ginger and vegetables.
Diocese of Alet
The former French Catholic diocese of Alet (Lat.: Electensis) was created in 1317 from territory formerly in the diocese of Narbonne. The diocese continued until the French Revolution when it was suppressed by the Concordat of 1801.

Alet-les-Bains is located in south-west France, in the current department of Aude. The diocese was divided between: diocese of Carcassonne (to which the bishopric was formally attached) the diocese of Toulouse and the diocese of Perpignan.

Aude
Aude (/oʊd/ OHD; French: [od] ⓘ; Occitan: [ˈawðe]) is a department in southern France, located in Occitania and named after the river Aude. The departmental council also calls it "Cathar Country" (French: Pays cathare) after a group of religious dissidents active in the 12th to 14th centuries.

Its prefecture is Carcassonne and its subprefectures are Limoux and Narbonne. As of 2019, it had a population of 374,070. Aude is a frequent feminine French given name in Francophone countries, deriving initially from Aude or Oda, a wife of Bertrand, Duke of Aquitaine, and mother of Eudo, brother of Saint Hubertus. Aude was the name of Roland's fiancée in the chansons de geste.
Remo Williams: The Prophecy
Remo Williams: The Prophecy is an American action-adventure television pilot from 1988. It is based on The Destroyer pulp paperback series by Warren Murphy and Richard Sapir, and is a spin-off of the 1985 movie Remo Williams: The Adventure Begins directed by Guy Hamilton. Footage from the movie is incorporated in its opening credits.

It stars Jeffrey Meek as Remo Williams, and Roddy McDowall as Chiun. It is loosely based on the 1983 novella "The Day Remo Died". It was directed by Christian I. Nyby II and the teleplay written by Steven Hensley and J. Miyoko Hensley.

The Destroyer (novel series)
The Destroyer is a series of paperback novels about a U.S. government operative named Remo Williams, originally by Warren Murphy and Richard Sapir.  The first novel was published in 1971, although the manuscript was completed on June 25, 1963. Over 150 novels have been published. The main characters were adapted to film in Remo Williams: The Adventure Begins (1985).
Petrasch
In the seventeenth century, a wealthy family of bourgeois origins named Petrasch emerged to some prominence in Moravia, near Brno.  In the latter part of the century, seeking excitement, two scions of the family, Ernst Anton (b. 1680) and Maximilian (b. 1668), joined the Habsburg military and served in the border campaigns against the Ottoman Empire.  Eventually, the brothers acquired distinction in such actions as the Battle of Lugos and the Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) they came to the notice of such commanders as Prince Eugene of Savoy, General Claudius Florimund Mercy, and the Louis, the Duke of Baden. The brothers achievements which continued in the military careers of their sons; by the latter third of the eighteenth century, the descendants of both brothers had acquired the title of Freiherr in the county of Moravia.  In 1722, the titles of both brothers were converted from a Bohemian dignity to a Hungarian one.

Battle of Lugos
The Battle of Lugos was fought on 21 September 1695 near the city of Lugos in the East Banat, between the forces of the Ottoman Empire and the forces of the Habsburg monarchy as part of the Great Turkish War.
Survivor NZ: Thailand
Survivor NZ: Thailand was the second and final season of Survivor NZ, a television series based on the popular reality game show Survivor.  This season took place in Khao Laem National Park in Thailand. Here, 18 contestants fought to survive for 39 days to try and win $250,000.

This season featured several alterations from the previous season, Survivor NZ: Nicaragua. The cash prize was increased from $100,000 to $250,000 and Redemption Island — which allowed voted out contestants to return to the game — was removed. This season also introduced hidden immunity idols, small trinkets that, when played on a castaway after the votes were cast at Tribal Council but before they were read, negated all votes cast against them at that Tribal Council, and the Outpost, where tribal representatives were to compete in head-to-head competitions for rewards and tote.

Survivor (franchise)
Survivor is a reality-competition television franchise produced globally. The show features a group of contestants deliberately marooned in an isolated location, where they must provide basic survival necessities for themselves. The contestants compete in challenges for rewards and immunity from elimination. The contestants are progressively eliminated from the game as they are voted out by their fellow contestants until only one remains to be awarded the grand prize and named the "Sole Survivor".

The British television producer Charlie Parsons developed the format for Survivor in 1992 for Planet 24, a United Kingdom television production company; the Swedish version, which debuted in September 1997 as Expedition Robinson, became the first Survivor series to be broadcast on television. Since its launch in 2000, the flagship American version of Survivor has aired 49 seasons of the show. The 50th season, commemorating the show's 25th anniversary, began airing February 2026.
Anthem (FIFA World Cup)
"Anthem" by Vangelis is the theme music for 2002 FIFA World Cup held in South Korea and Japan and served as the official anthem of the 2002 FIFA World Cup.

The single was commercially successful in Japan, being certified platinum for sales of over 100,000 copies. The single reached number 98 on the UK Singles Chart. It received the Song of the Year award by the Recording Industry Association of Japan.

The versions were included in the official soundtrack Fever Pitch and The Official Album of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The single also included for TV opening for 2002 FIFA World Cup.

The Official Album of the 2002 FIFA World Cup
The Official Album of the 2002 FIFA World Cup is a compilation album with various artists, released in 2002 by Sony Music Entertainment Japan. It's the official music album of the 2002 FIFA World Cup in South Korea and Japan. The album spawned the single We're on the Ball by Ant & Dec. The album was also released under the name Fever Pitch: The Official Music of The 2002 FIFA World Cup, but without the "We're on the Ball" by Ant & Dec.