hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
D-MAC
Among the family of MAC or Multiplexed Analogue Components systems for television broadcasting, D-MAC is a reduced bandwidth variant designed for transmission down cable.

The data is duobinary coded with a data burst rate of 20.25 Mbit/s so that 0° as well as ±90° phasors are used.

D-MAC has a bandwidth of 8.4 MHz versus 27 MHz for C-MAC.

Most cable systems work on EBU 7 MHz channel spacing, so this approach did not work universally.

D-MAC's bandwidth problems were later fixed by D2-MAC.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Robert von Lieben
Robert von Lieben (September 5, 1878, in Vienna – February 20, 1913, in Vienna) was an Austrian entrepreneur, and self-taught physicist and inventor. Lieben and his associates Eugen Reisz and Siegmund Strauss invented and produced a gas-filled triode – the first thermionic valve with a control grid that was designed specifically for amplification rather than demodulation of signals, and is a distant ancestor of the thyratron. After Lieben's death, the "Lieben valve", which is also known in English as the "Lieben-Reisz valve" and in German as the "LRS-Relais" (Lieben-Reisz-Strauss relay), was used in the world's first continuous wave radio frequency generator designed for radio telephony.

Control grid
The control grid is an electrode used in amplifying thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) such as the triode, tetrode and pentode, used to control the flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode (plate) electrode.  The control grid usually consists of a cylindrical screen or helix of fine wire surrounding the cathode, and is surrounded in turn by the anode.  The control grid was invented by Lee De Forest, who in 1906  added a grid to the Fleming valve (thermionic diode) to create the first amplifying vacuum tube, the Audion (triode).
Oregon's 38th House district
District 38 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the district boundaries include portions of Clackamas and Multnomah counties. The district includes most of Lake Oswego, parts of Tigard and Durham, and the South Waterfront neighborhood of South Portland. The current representative for the district is Democrat Daniel Nguyen of Lake Oswego.

Oregon House of Representatives
The Oregon House of Representatives is the lower house of the Oregon Legislative Assembly, the upper house being the Oregon State Senate. There are 60 members of the House, representing 60 districts across the state, each with a population of approximately 65,000. The House meets in the west wing of the Oregon State Capitol in Salem.

Members of the House serve two-year terms without term limits. In 2002, the Oregon Supreme Court struck down Oregon Ballot Measure 3 (1992), that had restricted State Representatives to three terms (six years) on procedural grounds.

In the current legislative session, Democrats have 37 seats, a slim 2 seat supermajority, while the Republicans have a minority of 23 seats.
AnneElise Goetz
AnneElise Goetz is an American attorney, TV legal analyst and media personality.

She is a recurring legal analyst and business consultant on Dr. Drew On Call and Crime Watch Daily, and frequents the Plugged In segment of Access Hollywood Live, providing social commentary.

In 2016, Goetz was named a Forward Under 40, an award bestowed by her alma mater, the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Goetz received her bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and her J.D. degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Law, in Cleveland, Ohio. She was a recipient of the Young Attorney Award in 2012 and 2013 and, in 2015, received the Best of the Bar Award.

Goetz is a partner at Higgs Fletcher & Mack. She specializes in real estate, finance and healthcare law.

Crime Watch Daily
Crime Watch Daily (later retitled as Crime Watch Daily with Chris Hansen from season 2 onwards) is an American syndicated investigative news magazine television program. Premiering on September 14, 2015, the program was originally hosted by veteran Australian television journalist Matt Doran. The remaining two seasons were hosted by former NBC News investigative reporter Chris Hansen.

Produced by Telepictures and distributed by Warner Bros. Television Distribution, Crime Watch Daily features a mix of investigative reports, true crime stories and caught-on-tape police and security footage. The show was cancelled on June 8, 2018, though the website and social media components remain fully active under the new title of True Crime Daily (now known as True Crime News). Reruns of the second and third seasons of the series began airing in February 2019 on what is now Ion Mystery.
Gerald Penn (computer scientist)
Gerald Penn is an American computer scientist specializing in mathematical linguistics and speech processing. He is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Toronto, a senior member of IEEE and AAAI, and a past chair of Association for Mathematics of Language.

Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is an international scientific society devoted to promote research in, and responsible use of, artificial intelligence (AI). AAAI also aims to increase public understanding of AI, improve the teaching and training of AI practitioners, and provide guidance for research planners and funders concerning the importance and potential of current AI developments and future directions.
Mendooran
Mendooran (pronunciation: men-door-an) is a small town adjacent to the Castlereagh River in the Warrumbungle Shire of central western New South Wales, Australia. The town lies at an altitude of 271 metres above sea level, 348 kilometres west of Sydney, 75 kilometres from Dubbo and 71 kilometres southeast of Coonabarabran. At the 2021 census, Mendooran had a population of 275 people. The Castlereagh Highway also runs through the town, changing its name to Bandulla Street in the centre.

Dubbo
Dubbo (/ˈdʌboʊ/ DUB-oh; Wiradjuri: Dhubu) is a city in the Orana Region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the largest population centre in the Orana region, with a population of 43,516 at June 2021.

The city is located at the intersection of the Newell, Mitchell, and Golden highways. Dubbo officially became a city in the year 1966. Dubbo is located roughly 275 m (902 ft) above sea level, 303 km (188 mi) north-west of Sydney (400 km (249 mi) by road) and is a major road and rail freight hub to other parts of New South Wales. It is linked by national highways north to Brisbane and Charleville, south towards Melbourne and Canberra, east to Sydney, Newcastle and Gosford and west to Broken Hill and Adelaide.

Dubbo is included in the rainfall and weather forecast region for the Central West Slopes and in the Central West Slopes and Plains division of the Bureau of Meteorology forecasts.
2014 Bathurst 1000
The 2014 Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000 was an Australian touring car race for V8 Supercars, the thirtieth race of the 2014 International V8 Supercars Championship, held on 12 October 2014 at the Mount Panorama Circuit on the outskirts of Bathurst, New South Wales.

The race was won by the Ford Performance Racing driver pairing of Chaz Mostert and Paul Morris, ahead of Nissan Motorsport's James Moffat and Taz Douglas, and the James Rosenberg Racing pair Nick Percat and Oliver Gavin. 2014 marked the longest running in the race's history, just shy of eight hours, and the first time the race has been won by a combination that started last. This race is considered by critics and fans to be one of the best in the history of the event and regarded by some to be the greatest motor race of all time, with weird and unprecedented events, as well as Mostert's last lap pass on series champion Jamie Whincup - who ran out of fuel when entering Conrod Straight - adding to the excitement of the event.

Jamie Whincup
Jamie David Whincup (born 6 February 1983) is an Australian professional racing driver competing in the Supercars Championship. He currently is team principal for Triple Eight Race Engineering. He has driven the No. 88 Holden ZB Commodore, won a record seven Supercars championship titles, four Bathurst 1000 victories, and a Bathurst 12 Hour victory. Whincup is the all-time record holder in the Supercars Championship for race wins, at 125 career wins. He is also the first driver to win the Jason Richards Memorial Trophy twice at Pukekohe Park Raceway in Auckland, New Zealand.
Aleksander Jaakson
Aleksander Jaakson (29 January 1892 – 2 October 1942) was an Estonian general and educator. After beginnings as a teacher in Türi, he served with the Imperial Russian Army in World War I, and was advanced to Staff Captain. During the disintegration of the Russian Republic in 1917, he returned home to establish a branch of the Estonian Defence League. He was a decorated participant in the Estonian War of Independence and later continued serving in the Estonian Defence Forces in various positions, including military education.

Jaakson was the Estonian Minister of Education from 1936 to 1939, contributing to the establishment of various institutions—including Tallinn Technical University and the Estonian Academy of Sciences. His final contributions were as the last Chief of Staff of the Estonian Army, in which capacity he served from 1939 to 1940, reaching the rank of major general. With the onset of Soviet occupation, he was arrested by NKVD in 1940 and killed at Kirov two years later.

Tallinn University of Technology
Established in 1918, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech; Estonian: Tallinna Tehnikaülikool) is the only technical university in Estonia. TalTech, in the capital city of Tallinn, is a university for engineering, business, public administration and maritime affairs. TalTech has colleges in Tartu and Kohtla-Järve. Despite the similar names, Tallinn University and Tallinn University of Technology are separate institutions.
Dhadgaon
Dhadgaon (also known as Akrani or Akrani Mahal) is a municipal council in Nandurbar district, Maharashtra, India. The name Akrani is derived from a local queen "Akka Rani", Rani meaning queen in Marathi. Nandurbar district has five more tehsils viz. Akkalkuwa, Taloda, Shahada, Nandurbar and Navapur. The tehsil is surrounded by Madhya Pradesh state on north and east, Shahada and Talode tehsils on south and Akkalkuwa on west. Maharashtra State Highway 1 (MSH-1) passes through the tehsil along with Akkalkuwa and Shahada. The hill station and tourist attraction Toranmal is located in this tehsil.

Bilgaon is a village in Dhadgaon tehsil known for its developmental work and serving as an inspiration for the film Swades.

Akkalkuwa
Akkalkuwa is a town and the administrative headquarters of Akkalkuwa taluka of Nandurbar district in Maharashtra state. Akkalkuwa lies in Satpuda range of hills, with Narmada River forming northern boundary. Akarni and Taloda talukas lie on the east while southern and western boundaries are occupied by Gujarat state. Because of the hilly terrain with more than fifty percent area falling under forest. This taluka has no Nagarpalika. Big villages are Khapar and Molgi in this taluka. Population of this town is 17,840(2011).
Pirissi and Tulubri
Pirissi and Tulubri are a pair of messengers of the 1350–1335 BC Amarna letters correspondence. Pirissi and Tulubri are the messengers of King Tushratta of Mitanni, and are referenced in Amarna letters EA 27, 28, and EA 29, (EA for 'el Amarna').

Queen Tiye of the letter is the Great Royal Wife of Amenhotep III-(Akhenaten's father–(Akhenaten=Amenhotep IV)). The letter EA 28 is by King Tushratta of Mitanni, sent to Akhenaten, King of ancient Egypt.

Tadukhipa
Tadukhipa (in the Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa), was a princess of the Mitanni kingdom. She was the daughter of King Tushratta of Mitanni and his queen Juni, and the niece of Artashumara. Tadukhipa's aunt Gilukhipa (sister of Tushratta) had married Pharaoh Amenhotep III in his 10th regnal year. Tadukhipa was to marry Amenhotep III more than two decades later.
Vanity Ballroom Building
The Vanity Ballroom Building is a public building located at 1024 Newport Street (at Jefferson Avenue in the Jefferson-Chalmers Historic Business District) in Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. Although the building is recorded as the last intact ballroom of the multiple Detroit dance halls that hosted big bands in the 1930s–50s, such claims ignore the abandoned yet still standing Grande Ballroom on Grand River Avenue.

Grande Ballroom
The Grande Ballroom  (/ˈɡrændi/ GRAND-ee) is a historic live music venue located at 8952 Grand River Avenue in the Petosky-Otsego neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan. The building was designed by Detroit engineer and architect Charles N. Agree in 1928 and originally served as a multi-purpose building, hosting retail business on the first floor and a large dance hall upstairs. During this period the Grande was renowned for its outstanding hardwood dance floor which took up most of the second floor.
Julie Vollertsen
Julie Jo Vollertsen Melli (born March 1, 1959, in Syracuse, Nebraska) is an American former female professional volleyball player. Her main achievement is her part in the silver medal won by the United States at the 1984 Summer Olympic Games. She later moved to Italy to play professionally, settling in Reggio Emilia where she stayed after ending her playing career.

Reggio Emilia
Reggio nell'Emilia (Emilian: Rèz; Latin: Regium Lepidi), usually referred to as Reggio Emilia, or simply Reggio by its inhabitants, and known until 1861 as Reggio di Lombardia, is a city in the region of Emilia-Romagna in Italy. With a population of 172,518, it is the 4th-largest city in Emilia-Romagna and the 22nd-largest in Italy.

The inhabitants of Reggio nell'Emilia are called Reggiani, while the inhabitants of Reggio di Calabria, in the southwest of the country, are called Reggini.

The old town has a hexagonal form, which derives from the ancient walls, and the main buildings are from the 16th–17th centuries. The commune's territory lies entirely on a plain, crossed by the Crostolo stream.
OM Bank
OM Bank is a digital-only bank in South Africa. Founded in 2025 and headquartered in Cape Town, the company is a subsidiary of financial services corporation Old Mutual.

Focused on the retail mass market (specifically the upper income mass market and lower income affluent market segments), the bank competes with the likes of fellow digital-only institutions TymeBank and Bank Zero.

While the bank launched significantly later than competing digital-only institutions like TymeBank, Bank Zero, and Discovery Bank, Old Mutual stated that this was not an issue, but rather a strategic advantage and a win for its future customers. Old Mutual said that it had watched the market and learned what worked before launching OM Bank.

Pick n Pay
Pick n Pay (officially Pick n Pay Group Ltd) is a major South African grocery retail chain, headquartered in Cape Town. It operates both corporate and franchised stores under two brands – Pick n Pay (which includes its Supermarket, Clothing, Liquor, Build, and Hypermarket stores), and Boxer.
Do You Know (What It Takes)
"Do You Know (What It Takes)" is a song by Swedish singer and songwriter Robyn, released as the third single from her debut studio album, Robyn Is Here (1996). In Sweden, it was issued as Robyn's third single in January 1996, while in the United States, it was released as her debut single the following year. The song was written by Robyn, Herbie Crichlow, Denniz Pop, and Max Martin, and it was produced by Pop and Martin.

In Robyn's native Sweden, "Do You Know (What It Takes)" was her second top-10 hit, peaking at number 10. It was her first top-10 single in the United States, reaching number seven on the Billboard Hot 100. In August 1998, the single was certified gold in the US by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of 500,000 copies. The single was slightly less successful in the United Kingdom, peaking at number 26 after a re-release in August 1997.

Denniz Pop
Dag Krister Volle (26 April 1963 – 30 August 1998), better known as Denniz Pop (stylized Denniz PoP), was a Swedish DJ, music producer, and songwriter. He was a member of the DJ collective SweMix and later co-founded the recording studio Cheiron Studios in Stockholm in 1992.
Charles Stansfeld Jones
Charles Robert Stansfeld Jones (/ˈstænsfiːld/ STANSS-feeld; 1886–1950), aka Frater Achad, was a Canadian occultist and ceremonial magician. An early aspirant to the A∴A∴ (the 20th to be admitted as a Probationer, in December 1909) who "claimed" the grade of Magister Templi as a Neophyte. He was also an initiate of Ordo Templi Orientis, serving as the principal organizer for that order in British Columbia, Canada. He worked under a variety of mottos and acronymic titles, including V.I.O. (Unus in Omnibus, "One in All," as an A∴A∴ Probationer), O.I.V.V.I.O., V.I.O.O.I.V., Parzival (as an Adeptus Minor and O.T.O. Ninth Degree), and Tantalus Leucocephalus (as Tenth Degree O.T.O.), but he is best known under his Neophyte motto "Achad" (Hebrew: אחד, "unity"), which he used as a byline in his various published writings.

Adept
An adept is an individual identified as having attained a specific level of knowledge, skill, or aptitude in doctrines relevant to a particular occult discipline, such as alchemy or magic.

According to magical tradition, adepts stand out from others due to their enhanced abilities. All human qualities are developed in them, including intelligence and spirituality. According to Theosophist Charles Webster Leadbeater, anyone can become an adept through spiritual development and self-improvement, though others insist that initiation or esoteric transmission into a magical organization or tradition is a necessary preliminary.
Patrick McDonough (cyclist)
Patrick McDonough (born July 22, 1961) is a retired track cyclist from the United States. He represented his native country of the United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, where he won the silver medal in the men's 4,000m team pursuit, alongside Steve Hegg, Leonard Nitz, David Grylls and Brent Emery.

In recent years McDonough has helped run the Olympic Training Center Velodrome and the Boulder Valley Velodrome.

Steve Hegg
Stephen Edward Hegg (born December 3, 1963) is a retired track cyclist and road bicycle racer from the United States, who was a professional rider from 1988 to 2000. He represented the US at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, where he won the gold medal in the 4000m individual pursuit and silver in the 4000m team pursuit.

In road bicycle racing, Hegg became the first three-time winner of the United States national individual time trial championship, winning the elite men's race in 1990, 1995 and 1996.  In 1994, Hegg captured the United States national road race championship.
Psalm 150 (Franck)
Psalm 150 (French: Psaume 150) is a psalm setting by César Franck. He wrote the composition, setting Psalm 150 for four-part choir, orchestra and organ, in 1883. It was published in 1896 by Breitkopf & Härtel. Carus-Verlag published an arrangement for choir, strings and organ. The incipit in French is Halleluiah! Louez le Dieu, caché dans ses saints tabernacles.

Breitkopf & Härtel
Breitkopf & Härtel (German pronunciation: [ˈbraɪtkɔpf ʔʊnt ˈhɛrtəl]) is a German music publishing house. Founded in 1719 in Leipzig by Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf, it is the world's oldest music publisher.
Geordie Shore series 19
The nineteenth series of Geordie Shore, a British television programme based in Newcastle Upon Tyne began airing on 9 April 2019. It concluded after ten episodes on 11 June 2019. Ahead of the series it was confirmed that four new cast had joined; Beau Brennan, Tahlia Chung, Bethan Kershaw and Natalie Phillips. They replaced former cast member Faith Mullen who did not return to the show. This series also marks the end for Scott Timlin and Alex MacPherson, and original cast members Sophie Kasaei and Holly Hagan. Chloe Ferry also announced her departure from the show, but later returned for the next series. Despite not being official cast members, Abbie Holborn and Adam Guthrie continued to make appearances throughout the series.

Chloe Ferry
Chloe Ferry (born Chloe West Etherington; 31 August 1995) is an English television personality from Newcastle, known for being a cast member in the  MTV reality series Geordie Shore. She also took part in the nineteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother in 2017.
Disney Channel (United Kingdom and Ireland)
Disney Channel was a children's pay television channel that operated in the UK and Ireland from 1 October 1995 to 1 October 2020 as the variant of the namesake American television channel. It was owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company Limited, the EMEA arm of the Walt Disney Company and served audiences under age 18 in the region. During its operation, Disney Channel was supported by a one-hour timeshift channel, Disney Channel +1, which was available on Sky and Virgin Media.

Disney Cinemagic
Disney Cinemagic was a European programming block and television channel brand that was used from 2006 to 2019, owned by The Walt Disney Company (UK) (50%) Sky plc (50%) and operated by the Disney Channels Worldwide division of The Walt Disney Company. It was broadcast in most countries in Western Europe; starting in the mid-2010s, formerly-branded Disney Cinemagic channels, including France (Disney Cinema) and the United Kingdom and Ireland (Sky Movies Disney), were run by third parties which primarily aired films by Walt Disney Studios, however, most of these channels shut down after Disney+ launched in 2019.
Paola Bonizzoni
Paola Bonizzoni is an Italian computer scientist. She is a professor of computer science at the Università di Milano-Bicocca. Her research areas include computational complexity, graph algorithms,
computational biology, and bioinformatics.

University of Milano-Bicocca
The University of Milano-Bicocca (Italian: Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, UNIMIB) is a public university located in Milan, Italy, providing undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate education. Established in 1998, it was ranked by the Times Higher Education 2014 ranking of the best 100 Universities under 50 years old as number 21 worldwide and first in Italy. It was created to reduce University of Milan's overload.