hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hemicompact space
In mathematics, in the field of topology, a Hausdorff topological space is said to be hemicompact if it has a sequence of compact subsets such that every compact subset of the space lies inside some compact set in the sequence.  This forces the union of the sequence to be the whole space, because every point is compact and hence must lie in one of the compact sets.

Locally compact space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a topological space is called locally compact if, roughly speaking, each small portion of the space looks like a small portion of a compact space. More precisely, it is a topological space in which every point has a compact neighborhood.

When locally compact spaces are Hausdorff they are called locally compact Hausdorff, which are of particular interest in mathematical analysis.
Flotilla (video game)
Flotilla is a 2010 turn-based strategy space combat video game developed and published by Blendo Games. It was released in March 2010 on Steam for Windows and on Xbox Live Indie Games for the Xbox 360. Flotilla was designed with Microsoft's XNA tools, and its development was influenced by animal characteristics and behavior as well as board games such as Axis and Allies and Arkham Horror. The game takes the player on an adventure through a randomly generated galaxy.

Chung began developing Flotilla immediately after the closure of Pandemic Studios, where he had worked as a designer. The new game used assets imported from Chung's early space combat prototype, Space Piñata. Flotilla incorporates several pieces of classical music in its score, such as Chopin's "Raindrop" prelude. It received mixed reviews from video game media outlets, scoring 72 out of 100 on review aggregate website Metacritic, and was included in Mike Rose's book 250 Indie Games You Must Play.

Video game journalism
Video game journalism (or video game criticism) is a branch of journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of video games, typically based on a core "reveal–preview–review" cycle. With the prevalence and rise of independent media online, online publications and blogs have grown.
Gazikumukh Shamkhalate
"Gazikumukh Shamkhalate" is a term introduced in Russian-Dagestan historiography starting from the 1950s–60s to denote the kumyks state that existed on the territory of present-day Dagestan in the period of the 8th to 17th centuries with the capital in Gazi-Kumukh, and allegedly disintegrated in 1642. However, In the 16th century's Russian archival sources Tarki is stated to be the "capital of Shamkhalate" and "the city of Shamkhal", while "Kazi-Kumuk" is mentioned as a residence. These facts contradict "1642 disintegration" date. Moreover, there is absolutely no source before the 1950s containing the term "Gazikumukh Shamkhalate" or a statement that Gazi-Kumukh had ever been the capital of Shamkhalate. Historically, Shamkhalate is widely described as Tarki Shamkhalate or just Shamkhalate.

Kumyks
Kumyks (Kumyk: Къумукълар, romanized: Qumuqlar, Russian: Кумыки) are a Turkic ethnic group living in Dagestan, Chechnya and North Ossetia. They are the largest Turkic people in the North Caucasus.

They traditionally populate the Kumyk Plateau (northern Dagestan and northeastern Chechnya), lands bordering the Caspian Sea, areas in North Ossetia, Chechnya and along the banks of the Terek River. They speak the Kumyk language, which until the 1930s had been the lingua franca of the Northern Caucasus.

Territories where Kumyks have traditionally lived, and where their historical state entities used to exist, are called Kumykia (Kumyk: Къумукъ, Qumuq). All of the lands populated by Kumyks were once part of the independent Tarki Shamkhalate.
Alabama State Route 36
State Route 36 (SR 36) is a 44.5-mile-long (71.6 km) east–west state highway in the northern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. The western terminus of the highway is at its intersection with SR 33 at Wren, an unincorporated community in Lawrence County. The eastern terminus of the highway is at its intersection with U.S. Route 231 (US 231) at Lacey’s Spring in Morgan County.

Lacey's Spring, Alabama
Lacey's Spring is an unincorporated community in northeastern Morgan County, Alabama, United States at the base of Brindlee Mountain. Despite adjoining the southern outskirts of a much grown Huntsville, it remains in Morgan County's Decatur Metropolitan Area. Lacey's Spring also contributes to the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area.

The community was established by three Virginia-born brothers, Hopkins, John, and Theophilus Lacy. The community took on their name and became the site for a U.S. post office in February 1831. "Lacy's Spring" became "Lacey's Spring" when the postal seal furnished by Washington officials mistakenly inserted an "e" into the name.
Saint-Hilaire-sur-Puiseaux
Saint-Hilaire-sur-Puiseaux (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃.t‿ilɛʁ syʁ pɥizo], literally Saint-Hilaire on Puiseaux) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France.

It is located about 60 km east of Orléans, on the Puiseaux river. Its neighbouring communes include Ouzouer-des-Champs, Solterre, Oussoy-en-Gâtinais, Varennes-Changy and Montcresson.

The village has a small chateau, on a square plan with corner turrets.

Puiseaux (river)
The Puiseaux is a small river in the Loiret department, central France, left tributary of the Loing. It is 37.1 km (23.1 mi) long. Its source is in the commune of Les Choux. It flows north to Montargis, where it empties into the Loing. It is unrelated to the commune of Puiseaux.
Tyla Rattray
Tyla Rattray (born 12 November 1985) is a South African former professional motocross racer and current motocross team trainer. He competed in the Motocross World Championships from 1999 to 2008 and, in the AMA Motocross Championships from 2009 to 2013. He returned to the Motocross World Championships for his final two seasons from 2014 to 2015. Rattray is notable for winning the FIM MX2 world championship in 2008.

Motocross World Championship
The FIM Motocross World Championship is the premier championship of motocross racing, organized by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), divided into two distinct classes: MXGP and MX2. Race duration is 30 minutes plus two laps per race. The series runs 20 events with two races per class,  including a point-scoring qualification race.
The FIM Women's Motocross World Championship (MXW) is a women-only motocross championship, inaugurated in 2005, and is a feeder series to the FIM Motocross World Championship.
Section 92(14) of the Constitution Act, 1867
Section 92(14) of the Constitution Act, 1867, also known as the administration of justice power, grants the provincial legislatures of Canada the authority to legislate on:

14. The Administration of Justice in the Province, including the Constitution, Maintenance, and Organization of Provincial Courts, both of Civil and of Criminal Jurisdiction, and including Procedure in Civil Matters in those Courts.

It has been considered to be one of the major sources of conflict concerning the interpretation of the Constitution of Canada.

Section 91(27) of the Constitution Act, 1867
Section 91(27) of the Constitution Act, 1867, also known as the criminal law power, grants the Parliament of Canada the authority to legislate on:

27. The Criminal Law, except the Constitution of Courts of Criminal Jurisdiction, but including the Procedure in Criminal Matters.
Eric (software)
eric is a free integrated development environment (IDE) used for computer programming. Since it is a full featured IDE, it provides by default all necessary tools needed for the writing of code and for the professional management of a software project.

eric is written in the programming language Python and its primary use is for developing software written in Python. It is usable for development of any combination of Python 3 or Python 2, Qt 5 or Qt 4 and PyQt 5 or PyQt 4 projects, on Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows platforms.

Qt (software)
Qt (/ˈkjuːt/ pronounced "cute") is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.

Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt. Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and LGPL 3.0 licenses.
Muhammed Al-Jasser
Muhammad Sulaiman Al Jasser (Arabic: محمد سليمان الجاسر‎; born 1955) is a Saudi economist who is currently the chairman of the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) group former advisor at the General Secretariat of the Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia and chairman of the General Authority for Competition. He served as minister of economy and planning between 2011 and 2015. He also previously served as governor and board chairman of the Saudi Arabian Central Bank (SAMA) between 2009 and 2011. Prior to that, he served as executive director at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) between 1990 and 1995.

Saudi Central Bank
The Saudi Central Bank (Arabic: البنك المركزي السعودي), established in 1952 and known until 2020 as the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA; Arabic: مؤسسة النقد العربي السعودي), is the central bank of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Despite the 2020 name change, the Saudi Central Bank has continued to use the same acronym SAMA.
Sanchong metro station
Sanchong (Chinese: 三重) is a station of the Zhonghe–Xinlu line on Taipei Metro and the Taoyuan Airport MRT located in Sanchong District, New Taipei, Taiwan. The Taipei Metro station opened for service on 5 January 2012. It is a transfer station with the Taoyuan Airport MRT, which opened on 2 March 2017.

Zhonghe–Xinlu line
The Zhonghe–Xinlu or Orange line (code O) is a metro line in Taipei operated by the Taipei Metro, named after the districts it connects: Zhonghe, Xinzhuang and Luzhou. The line starts at Nanshijiao in Zhonghe, passes through central Taipei, then splits into two branches: one to Huilong via Xinzhuang and one to Luzhou.

The southern section between Nanshijiao and Guting opened in 1998. It was then connected to the Tamsui Line. Due to heavy traffic for residents in the districts of Luzhou and Sanchong travelling in and out of central Taipei, a metro line was planned to meet this urgent need. The line would eventually consist of two branches which connects to Guting via central Taipei. The extension fully opened in 2012.

The entire line, with the exception of the Luzhou and Xinzhuang maintenance depots, is underground.
Allan Jacobson
Allan S. Jacobson is an American biologist and academic researcher known for his work in molecular genetics and RNA biology, particularly the mechanisms of messenger RNA (mRNA) stability, translation, and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. He is the Gerald and Zelda Haidak Distinguished Professor of Cell Biology at the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, where he served as chair of the Department of Microbiology for nearly three decades and currently holds the title of chair emeritus. Jacobson is a recipient of the National Institutes of Health MERIT Award and the Gruber Prize in Genetics.

UMass Chan Medical School
The UMass Chan Medical School is a public medical school in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is part of the University of Massachusetts system. It consists of three schools: the T.H. Chan School of Medicine, the Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and the Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing. The school also operates a biomedical research enterprise and a range of public-service initiatives throughout the state.
Pelatiah Leete House
The Pelatiah Leete House is a historic house at 575 Leete's Island Road CT 146 in Guilford, Connecticut, United States.  Built in 1710 by Pelatiah Leete, it is the oldest surviving house associated with the locally prominent Leete family, who were among the founders of the New Haven Colony.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Connecticut Route 146
Route 146 is a state road that serves as a scenic alternative to US 1 between Branford and Guilford in the U.S. state of Connecticut. Route 146 is 13.00 miles (20.92 km) long, with 8.36 miles (13.45 km) in Branford and 4.64 miles (7.47 km) in Guilford.
Paulie Gualtieri
Peter Paul "Paulie Walnuts" Gualtieri is a fictional character portrayed by Tony Sirico on the HBO series The Sopranos, one of the chief henchmen of series protagonist Tony Soprano. Sirico auditioned for the role of Uncle Junior with Frank Vincent, but Dominic Chianese landed the role. David Chase instead offered him the role of Paulie Gualtieri and Sirico agreed under the condition that his character would not "become a rat". Paulie begins the series as a soldier, later becoming a captain in the DiMeo crime family. He is violent, impulsive, quick-witted, sarcastic and paranoid. Paulie is jovial and quick with a joke but is one of the most ruthless members of the family. Billy Magnussen portrays a young Paulie Gualtieri in the 2021 prequel film, The Many Saints of Newark. Paulie Walnuts is one of the most prominent characters in The Sopranos, and one of the viewers' favorites. Sirico's performance has received acclaim from critics and audiences.

Caporegime
A caporegime or capodecina, usually shortened to capo or informally referred to as "captain", "skipper" or "lieutenant", is a leadership position in the Mafia (both the Sicilian Mafia and Italian-American Mafia). A capo is a "made member" of an Italian crime family who heads a regime or "crew" of soldiers and has major status and influence in the organization. Caporegime is an Italian word, used to signify the head of a family in Sicily. In general, the term indicates the head of a branch of an organized crime syndicate who commands a crew of soldiers and reports directly to the don (boss) or an underboss or street boss. The shortened version "capo" has also been used to refer to certain high-ranking members of Latin American drug cartels.
Information assurance
Information assurance (IA) is the practice of assuring information and managing risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information. Information assurance includes protection of the integrity, availability, authenticity, non-repudiation and confidentiality of user data. IA encompasses both digital protections and physical techniques. These methods apply to data in transit, both physical and electronic forms, as well as data at rest. IA is best thought of as a superset of information security (i.e. umbrella term), and as the business outcome of information risk management.

Non-repudiation
In law, non-repudiation is a situation where a statement's author cannot successfully dispute its authorship or the validity of an associated contract. The term is often seen in a legal setting when the authenticity of a signature is being challenged. In such an instance, the authenticity is being "repudiated".

For example, Mallory buys a cell phone for $100, writes a paper cheque as payment, and signs the cheque with a pen.  Later, she finds that she can't afford it, and claims that the cheque is a forgery.  The signature guarantees that only Mallory could have signed the cheque, and so Mallory's bank must pay the cheque.  This is non-repudiation; Mallory cannot repudiate the cheque. In practice, pen-and-paper signatures are not hard to forge, but digital signatures can be very hard to break.
Faiz Salleh
Faiz Salleh (born 17 July 1992) is a Singaporean former footballer who last played as a full-back for Singapore Premier League club Hougang United. He made 110 appearances for the Cheetahs, retiring after the 2022 campaign and helping the Cheetahs win the 2022 Singapore Cup.

Hougang United FC
Hougang United Football Club is a professional football club based in Hougang, Singapore. The club competes in the Singapore Premier League, the top tier of Singaporean football. Founded in 1998 as Marine Castle United, the club changed its name to Hougang United in 2011. Nicknamed the Cheetahs, Hougang United has played its home games at Jalan Besar Stadium since its formation.

Currently, the club is playing its home games at the Bishan Stadium, as the Hougang Stadium is undergoing renovation.
Thout 15
Thout 14 – Coptic calendar – Thout 16

The fifteenth day of the Coptic month of Thout, the first month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to September 12, of the Julian calendar, and September 25, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation.

Thout
Thout (Coptic: Ⲑⲱⲟⲩⲧ, [tʰoːuːt]), also known as Thoth (Ancient Greek: Θωθ, Thōth) and Tut (Arabic: توت), is the first month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between 11 September and 10 October of the Gregorian calendar.

The month of Thout is also the first month of the Season of Akhet (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods historically covered the land of Egypt; it has not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan.
Union of Greens of Russia
The Union of Greens of Russia (UGR; Russian: Союз зелёных России; СЗР; Soyuz zelonykh Rossii, SZR) or Green Russia (Russian: Зелёная Россия; Zelonaya Rossiya) was a political party in Russia that was active from 2005 until 2006.

In 2005, the organization was founded as an independent party, but in 2006, it merged with the party Yabloko as an ecological faction "Green Russia". The "Union of Greens of Russia" and the faction "Green Russia" of Yabloko were headed by professor Alexey Yablokov, the founder of Greenpeace USSR in the 1980s.

The faction "Green Russia" is an associate member of the European Green Party.

European Green Party
The European Green Party (EGP), also referred to as European Greens, is a European political party composed of national parties from across Europe who share Green values.

The European Greens works closely with the Greens–European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) parliamentary group in the European Parliament which is formed by elected Green party members along with the European Free Alliance, European Pirate Party and Volt Europa. The European Greens' partners include its youth wing the Federation of Young European Greens (FYEG), the Green European Foundation (GEF) and the Global Greens family.

Green parties participate in the governments of two countries in Europe: Latvia (The Progressives) and Spain (Catalunya en Comú/Sumar). They also externally support the government in Poland (Zieloni/Civic Coalition).
2017 European Curling Championships
The 2017 European Curling Championships was held from November 17 to 25 in St Gallen,  Switzerland. The Group C competitions was held in May in Andorra.

At the conclusion of the championships, the top eight women's teams will go to the 2018 Ford World Women's Curling Championship in North Bay, Ontario, and the top eight men's teams will go to the 2018 World Men's Curling Championship in Las Vegas, United States.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.
Yoshiro Moriyama
Yoshiro Moriyama (森山 佳郎, Moriyama Yoshiro; born November 9, 1967) is a Japanese professional football manager and former player who played a defender. He is the manager of J2 League club Vegalta Sendai. He has been the manager of a number of teams in the Japan national football team youth set up, as well as the manager of the Sanfrecce Hiroshima U18 team.

Sanfrecce Hiroshima
Sanfrecce Hiroshima (Japanese: サンフレッチェ広島, romanized: Sanfuretche Hiroshima) is a Japanese professional football club based in Hiroshima. The club competes in the J1 League, top flight of the Japanese football league system. Sanfrecce is one of the most successful clubs in Japan. The club is the joint fourth in most J1 League titles with three, the joint first in most top-flight titles (which includes the defunct Japan Soccer League), with eight, and the club with the most participations in Emperor's Cup finals, with 15.

Sanfrecce have won three J1 League, three Emperor's Cup, one J.League Cup and four Japanese Super Cup titles. Internationally, the club has made two appearances in the FIFA Club World Cup, with their most recent appearance being in the 2015 edition.
Sua ghin gnua
Sua ghin gnua is a two-player abstract strategy board game from Thailand, formerly known as Siam.  Another name for the game is tigers and oxen.  It is a hunt game played on a 5x5 square grid with only orthogonal lines. One player plays the three tigers, and the other player plays the twelve oxen.  The board is empty in the beginning.  Players first drop their pieces onto the board, and then are able to move them. The tigers can capture the oxen by the short leap as in draughts and alquerque, but the oxen attempt to elude and at the same time hem in the tiger.

Alquerque
Alquerque (also known as al-qirkat from Arabic: القرقات) is a strategy board game that is thought to have originated in the Middle East. It is considered to be the parent of draughts (US: checkers) and Fanorona and the diagonals of its grid are the predecessor of the checkering of the draughts board.
Al-Ayyashi
Muḥammad ibn Mas'ūd al-ʾAyyāshi al-Samarqandi (Persian: محمد بن مسعود عیاشی سمرقندى) (Arabic: مُحَمَّد بن مَسْعُود العَیّاشي السَّمَرقَنْدي) (probably died on 932), known as Ayyashi (Persian: عیاشی), was a 10th century Twelver Shia Muslim scholar, jurist (faqīh) and mufassir from Samarkand. He had many known works in the field of exegesis of the Quran, Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), Arabic literature and hadith. His exegesis of the Quran, known as Tafsir Ayyashi, is his most famous book.

Muhammad ibn Umar al-Kashshi
Abū ʿAmr Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Kashshī (Arabic: أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدٌ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْكَشَّيُّ ; Persian: محمد بن عمر بن عبد العزيز كشى ; d. around 951-2), known as al-Kashshi or (in Persian) as Kashshi, was a Persian Twelver Shi'ite scholar specializing in biographical evaluation (ʿilm al-rijāl) and hadith studies. He is the author of the Rijāl al-Kashshī, a major biographical work which ranks as one of the four main sources in the Shi'ite rijāl literature. Al-Kashshi's original work is now lost, but parts of it survive in an abridgement made by Shaykh Tusi (995–1067) called the Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl.