hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trachyandesite
Trachyandesite is an extrusive igneous rock with a composition between trachyte and andesite. It has little or no free quartz, but is dominated by sodic plagioclase and alkali feldspar. It is formed from the cooling of lava enriched in alkali metals and with an intermediate content of silica.

The term trachyandesite had begun to fall into disfavor by 1985 but was revived to describe extrusive igneous rocks falling into the S3 field of the TAS classification. These are divided into sodium-rich benmoreite and potassium-rich latite.

Trachyandesitic magma can produce explosive Plinian eruptions, such as happened at Tambora in 1815. The Eyjafjallajökull 2010 eruption (VEI-4), which disrupted European and transatlantic air travel from 15-20 April 2010, for some time was dominated by trachyandesite.

Feldspar
Feldspar (/ˈfɛl(d).ˌspɑːr/ FEL(D)-spar; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the plagioclase (sodium-calcium) feldspars and the alkali (potassium-sodium) feldspars. Feldspars make up about 60% of the Earth's crust and 41% of the Earth's continental crust by weight.

Feldspars crystallize from magma as both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and are also present in many types of metamorphic rock. Rock formed almost entirely of calcic plagioclase feldspar is known as anorthosite. Feldspars are also found in many types of sedimentary rocks.
Bolvan Fortress
Bolvan Fortress (Serbian: Тврђава Болван / Tvrđava Bolvan), also known as Bovan Fortress (Serbian: Тврђава Бован / Tvrđava Bovan) or Jerina's City (Serbian: Јеринин град / Jerinin grad) is a fortress located 9 km from Aleksinac, near the village and lake Bovan.

Likely built on the foundations of the Roman castrum Praesidium Pompei, the fortress is first mentioned in 1395, in a legal document by Princess Milica of Serbia. It served as a salt depository during the period of Moravian Serbia, as well as a border fortress in the Serbian Despotate.

Princess Milica of Serbia
Princess Milica Hrebeljanović née Nemanjić (Serbian: Милица Немањић Хребељановић · ca. 1335 – November 11, 1405) also known as Empress (Tsaritsa) Milica, was a royal consort of Serbia by marriage to Prince Lazar, who fell in the Battle of Kosovo. After her husband's death, she took the role as queen regent of Serbia from 1389 to 1393, until her son, despot Stefan Lazarević came of age.

She later became a Serbian Orthodox nun under the name Jevgenija.  She is the author of "A Mother's Prayer" (Serbian: Молитва матере) and a famous poem of mourning for her husband, My Widowhood's Bridegroom (Serbian: Удовству мојему женик).
Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City
The Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City (French: Centre culturel Islamique de Québec, CCIQ; Arabic: المركز الثقافي الإسلامي بك‌بیك) is an organization dedicated to meeting the spiritual, social and economic needs of the Muslim community residing in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. Its main place of worship is the Great Mosque of Quebec City (French: La Grande Mosquée de Québec).

Islam in Canada
Islam is the second-largest religion in Canada, practised by approximately 4.9% of the population. Canadian Muslims are one of the most ethnically diverse religious groups across the country. Muslims have lived in Canada since 1871 and the first mosque was established in 1938. Canada is home to the most northern built mosque in the world called the Midnight Sun Mosque.

There are a number of Islamic organizations and seminaries (madrasas). Opinion polls show most Muslims feel "very proud" to be Canadians, and majority are religious and attend mosque at least once a week. More than half of Canadian Muslims live in Ontario, with significant populations also living in Quebec, Alberta, and British Columbia.

The percentage of Muslims in Canada is 4.9% as of the 2021 census. In the Greater Toronto Area, 10% of the population is Muslim, and in Greater Montreal, 8.7% of the population is Muslim.
Nishad (film)
Nishad (English title: Octave) is a 2002 Indian Hindi film directed by Shaji N. Karun with Archana, Rajit Kapur, Geshe Thupten Phelgye, Master Jhang Ray, Ram Gopal Bajaj, and Rameshwari in the lead roles.

The film premiered at the Fukuoka International Film Festival in September 2002 in Japan and was subsequently showcased at over ten additional international film festivals. It was also selected for the Indian Panorama section at the International Film Festival of India.

Rajit Kapur
Rajit Kapur (born 22 May 1963) is an Indian film and theatre actor and director. He is known for his portrayal of Mahatma Gandhi in the 1996 film, The Making of the Mahatma for which he won the National Film Award for Best Actor. Other notable roles are as the protagonist Unni in the Malayalam film Agnisakshi, and the fictional detective Byomkesh Bakshi in the eponymous television series, directed by Basu Chatterjee and broadcast on Doordarshan. His debut film was Suraj Ka Satvan Ghoda (1992), directed by Shyam Benegal.
Reform Government of New Zealand
The Reform Government of New Zealand was the government of New Zealand from 1912 to 1928, led by the conservative Reform Party.

It is probably best remembered for its anti-trade union stance in the Waihi miners' strike of 1912 and a dockworkers' strike the following year. It governed during World War I, during which a temporary coalition was formed with the Liberal Party.

Reform Party (New Zealand)
The Reform Party, formally the New Zealand Political Reform League, was New Zealand's second major political party, having been founded as a conservative response to the original Liberal Party. It was in government between 1912 and 1928, and later formed a coalition with the United Party (a remnant of the Liberals), and then merged with United to form the modern National Party.
Mad Head Love
"Mad Head Love" (stylised as "MAD HEAD LOVE") is a song by Japanese musician Kenshi Yonezu. It was released as a double A-side single alongside the song "Poppin' Apathy" on October 23, 2013, by Universal Signma, on the same day that Yonezu's two self-released Vocaloid albums, Hanataba to Suisō and Official Orange, were re-issued by independent label Boundee by SSNW.

Universal Music Japan
Universal Music LLC (Japanese: ユニバーサル ミュージック合同会社, Hepburn: Yunibāsaru myūjikku Gōdō gaisha), often referred to as just Universal Music Japan or UMJ, is a Japanese subsidiary of the Universal Music Group founded in 1990. It is the largest subsidiary for a foreign company in Japan regarding music distribution. The company is responsible for marketing and distribution in Japan for Japanese releases under Universal.

As of 2019, Universal Japan holds the second most shares in the Japanese music market, behind Sony Music Japan, and is followed by Avex.
Chiddingfold
Chiddingfold is a village and civil parish in the Weald in the Waverley district of Surrey, England. It lies on the A283 road between Milford and Petworth. The parish includes the hamlets of Ansteadbrook, High Street Green and Combe Common.

Chiddingfold Forest, a Site of Special Scientific Interest, lies mostly within its boundaries.

Weald
The Weald (/ˈwiːld/) is an area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs. It crosses the counties of Hampshire, Surrey, West Sussex, East Sussex, and Kent. It has three parts, the sandstone "High Weald" in the centre, the clay "Low Weald" periphery and the Greensand Ridge, which stretches around the north and west of the Weald and includes its highest points. The Weald once was covered with forest and its name, Old English in origin, signifies "woodland". The term is still used, as scattered farms and villages sometimes refer to the Weald in their names.
Gerry Kuipers
Gerry Kuipers (born Gerhardus Kuipers; 31 July 1935 – 13 May 2013) was a Dutch-Canadian businessman and auto restorer active in the late twentieth century. Kuipers was also the plaintiff in the 1976 Alberta Supreme Court lawsuit Kuipers v Gordon Riley Transport. Following Kuipers' passing in 2013, many of his personal papers were archived in the Gerry Segger Heritage Collection at The King's University in Edmonton, Canada.

Court of King's Bench of Alberta
The Court of King's Bench of Alberta (abbreviated in citations as ABKB or Alta. K.B.) is the superior trial court of the Canadian province of Alberta. During the reign of Elizabeth II, it was named Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta.

The Court was relocated to the Calgary Courts Centre in 2007, and has been located at the Law Courts building in Edmonton since the 1970s.
Sharif El-Far
Kamaleddin Hussein (Arabic: كمال الدين حسين), better known as Sherif El-Far (Arabic: شريف الفار; 5 January 1929 – 8 January 1981) was an Egyptian footballer. He played for Zamalek and competed with Egypt in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Nicknamed the "Egypt's Puskas", he spent his whole football career with Zamalek, he won eleven titles with the Cairo giants. El-Far was a part of the team that won the gold medal at the 1953 Arab Games. He was also a part of the team that won the 1957 and 1959 African Cup of Nations.

Football at the 1953 Arab Games
The 1953 Arab Games football tournament was the 1st edition of the Arab Games men's football tournament. The football tournament was held in Alexandria, the Egypt between 1–9 August 1953 as part of the 1953 Arab Games.
Gopinath Pillai
Gopinath Pillai DUBC BBM (born 1937) is a Singaporean diplomat and businessman who served as an ambassador-at-large at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

In 2012, Pillai was conferred the Padma Shri by the Indian government, the fourth highest Indian civilian award.

Bintang Bakti Masyarakat
The Bintang Bakti Masyarakat (English: Public Service Star) is a Singaporean decoration instituted in 1963. It is awarded to any person who has rendered valuable public service to the people of Singapore, or who has distinguished themselves in the field of arts and letters, sports, the sciences, business, the professions and the labour movement.
Bars may be issued for further service.

Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters BBM.

The Bintang Bakti Masyarakat was first awarded in 1963. There were 88 recipients of the initial award which included community leaders, artists, social workers and trade union leaders.
Freemasonry in the United Kingdom
Freemasonry in the United Kingdom is an initiatory society that developed independently in medieval Scotland and England. Freemasons were originally stonemasons that formed individual lodges across the country. The first manuscript constitution derives from 1352 in York. During the 17th century the organisation began to take on a more familiar form as it increased in membership in the aftermath of the Great Fire of London. The organisation split into opposing factions in the eighteenth century but reunited to form the United Grand Lodge of England in 1813. During the 20th and 21st centuries, accusations were made that the Freemasons have undue influence over the police.

Fraternal order
A fraternal order is a voluntary membership organisation structured as an order, typically featuring initiation rituals and elements derived from religious orders, chivalric traditions, guilds, or secret societies. While drawing on these historical models, fraternal orders generally serve secular purposes: functioning as social clubs, cultural organisations, and providers of mutual aid or charitable services. Many friendly societies, benefit societies, and mutual organisations are organised as fraternal orders.
Drive wheel
A drive wheel is a wheel of a motor vehicle that transmits force, transforming torque into tractive force from the tires to the road, causing the vehicle to move. The powertrain delivers enough torque to the wheel to overcome stationary forces, resulting in the vehicle moving forwards or backwards.

A two-wheel drive vehicle has two driven wheels, typically both at the front or back, while a four-wheel drive has four.

A steering wheel is a wheel that turns to change the direction of a vehicle.  A trailer wheel is one that is neither a drive wheel, nor a steer wheel. Front-wheel drive vehicles typically have the rear wheels as trailer wheels.

Wheel
A wheel is a rotating component (typically circular in shape) intended to turn on an axle bearing. The wheel is one of the key components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels, in conjunction with axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines. Wheels are also used for other purposes, such as a ship's wheel, steering wheel, potter's wheel, and flywheel.

Common examples can be found in transport applications. A wheel reduces friction by facilitating motion by rolling together with the use of axles. In order for a wheel to rotate, a moment must be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by gravity or by the application of another external force or torque.
Georgia Bulldogs swimming and diving
The Georgia Bulldogs swimming and diving team represents the University of Georgia (UGA) in NCAA men's and women's swimming and diving.  Also known as the "Swim Dawgs," the teams compete at  Gabrielsen Natatorium in Athens, Georgia, USA. The women have won seven NCAA national championships (1999, 2000, 2001, 2005, 2013, 2014, 2016). Jack Bauerle is the head coach over both the men's and women's swimming teams. Dan Laak is the head diving coach.

NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division I women's swimming and diving championships are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of women's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1982, except 2020.

The meet is typically held on the second-to-last weekend (Thursday-Saturday) in March.

The swimming-portion of the meet takes place in a 25-yard pool, except in 2000 and 2004 which swam in a 25-meter course.

Stanford have been the most successful program, with 11 national titles.

Virginia are the reigning national champions, winning their fifth national title in 2025.
Faiza Jama Mohamed
Faiza Jama Mohamed (born 1958) is a Somalian women's rights activist, Africa Regional Director of Equality Now. She has been a prominent campaigner for the Maputo Protocol, and against female genital mutilation.

Maputo Protocol
The Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa, better known as the Maputo Protocol, is an international human rights instrument established by the African Union that went into effect in 2005. It guarantees comprehensive rights to women including the right to take part in the political process, to social and political equality with men, improved autonomy in their reproductive health decisions, and an end to female genital mutilation. It was adopted by the African Union in Maputo, Mozambique, in 2003 in the form of a protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (adopted in 1981, enacted in 1986).
John Arundell (born 1576)
John Arundell (1576 – December 1654), Esquire, of Trerice in Cornwall, later given the epithet "Jack for the King", was a member of an ancient Cornish gentry family, who as a Royalist during the Civil War served King Charles I as Governor of Pendennis Castle, Falmouth. In 1646 he retained the castle in a heroic manner during a five-month-long siege by Fairfax, during which his forces were reduced by hunger to eating their horses, and finally achieved an honourable surrender

He served twice as MP for the prestigious county seat of Cornwall (1601 and 1621), and for his family's pocket boroughs of Tregony (1628) and Mitchell (1597) and also for St Mawes (1624). His family "of Trerice" should not be confused with the contemporary ancient and even more prominent Cornish family of Arundell "of Lanherne", six miles north of Trerice, "The Great Arundells", with which no certain shared origin has been found, but which shared the same armorials, the Arundell swallows.

Rotten and pocket boroughs
A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act of 1832 which had very few voters. They could be used by a patron to gain disproportionate influence within the House of Commons. The Reform Act of 1832 abolished the majority of these rotten and pocket boroughs.

The same terms were used for similar boroughs represented in the 18th-century Parliament of Ireland.
Jonas Radvanas
Jonas Radvanas (Latin: Ioannes Radvanus; Polish: Jan Radwan, died after 1592) was a Renaissance poet and protestant reformer from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Very little is known about his life and he is best remembered as the author of an epic poem Radivilias dedicated to the military achievements of Mikołaj "the Red" Radziwiłł. However, the poem goes beyond a simple panegyric and paints a broader patriotic image of the Grand Duchy. In total, he wrote 18 poems that were published in various publications by the Calvinists in the Grand Duchy. All of his works were written in Latin.

Renaissance literature
Renaissance literature refers to European literature which was influenced by the intellectual and cultural tendencies associated with the Renaissance. The literature of the Renaissance was written within the general movement of the Renaissance, which arose in 14th-century Italy and continued until the mid-17th century in England while being diffused into the rest of the western world. It is characterized by the adoption of a humanist philosophy and the recovery of the classical Antiquity. It benefited from the spread of printing in the latter part of the 15th century.
Munger Road (film)
Munger Road is a 2011 American independent horror film starring Bruce Davison.  It is based on the haunted namesake road located in the state of Illinois. The film was written and directed by Nicholas Smith, a St. Charles native.

St. Charles, Illinois
St. Charles or Saint Charles is a city in Kane and DuPage Counties, Illinois, United States. The population was 33,081 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 33,482 in 2024. It lies roughly 35 miles west of Chicago on Illinois Route 64. The official city slogan is "Pride of the Fox", after the Fox River that runs through the center of town. St. Charles is part of a tri-city area along with Geneva and Batavia, all western Chicago suburbs of similar size and socioeconomic condition.
IV liga Pomerania
IV liga Pomerania group (grupa pomorska), also known as IV liga RWS Investment Group for sponsorship reasons, is one of the groups of IV liga, the fifth level of Polish football league system.

The league was created in the 2000–01 season, after a new administrative division of Poland was implemented. Until the end of the 2007–08 season, IV liga was the fourth tier of league system, but this was changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the top level league in Poland.

The clubs from Pomeranian Voivodeship compete in the group. The winner is promoted to III liga, group II. The bottom teams are relegated to their respective regional groups of the regional league.

Liga okręgowa
The liga okręgowa (in some voivodeship named klasa okręgowa, , lit. 'Regional League'  or 'Regional Class') is one of the tiers of the Polish football league system. The league is split into 60 groups, and is present in every voivodeship. Teams promoted from liga okręgowa move up to the IV liga, whilst relegated teams descend to the Klasa A leagues. In 12 out of 16 voivodeship, liga okręgowa stands as the sixth tier of league competition.

There are four exceptions - the Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Masovian and Silesian voivodeships, where the V liga exists as the sixth level, whereas the liga okręgowa represents the seventh level - teams promoted from liga okręgowa move up to the V liga, whilst relegated teams descend to the Klasa A groups.
Gold Key: Alliance
Gold Key: Alliance is a comic book limited series published by Dynamite Entertainment, which ran from April 6 to August 17, 2016.  The series featured five  Gold Key Comics characters: Magnus, Mighty Samson, Solar, Doctor Spektor and Turok.

Magnus, Robot Fighter
Magnus, Robot Fighter is a fictional superhero who battles rogue robots in the year 4000, appearing in comic books created by writer/artist Russ Manning in 1963. Magnus first appeared in Magnus Robot Fighter 4000 A.D. #1, published by Gold Key Comics in February 1963. The character was subsequently published by Valiant Comics and Acclaim Comics in the 1990s, and was reintroduced by Dark Horse Comics in August 2010. Some aspects of the concept have varied with each publisher.
Danny Dunton
Dennis Clifford Dunton (13 May 1924 – 2 January 2015) was an English international motorcycle speedway rider and promoter who reached the final of the Speedway World Championship in 1950, achieving 12th place with 5 points. As well as riding, Dunton promoted Peterborough Panthers and co-promoted Oxford Cheetahs, then Oxford Rebels and finally White City Rebels.

Speedway World Championship
The World Championship of Speedway is an international competition between the highest-ranked motorcycle speedway riders of the world, run under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM). The first official championships were held in 1936.

Today, the championship is organised as a series of Speedway Grand Prix events, where points are awarded according to performance in the event and tallied up at the end of each season. However, up to 1994, it was usually run as a single-night event after qualifying rounds during the season, leading up to a final consisting of 20 heats, where points were awarded according to riders' heat placings and then tallied up at the end.

Before the World Championship received its formal recognition from the ACU and the FIM in 1936, other unofficial Speedway World Championships were staged between 1931 and 1935, in Europe, South America and Australasia, such as the Star Riders' Championship.
Dirt Devil
Dirt Devil is a brand name originally introduced in 1981 by the Royal Appliance Manufacturing Co, an American vacuum cleaner and floor care company. The company and the brand are now owned by TTI Floor Care North America, a subsidiary of Hong Kong–based Techtronic Industries, who also own Oreck, Vax, and Hoover North America.

Vax (brand)
Vax UK Ltd is a British based brand that manufactures electrical goods and cleaning products in the floor-care and air treatment sectors, and which has its headquarters in the United Kingdom. Since 1999 the brand has been owned by a company called TTI Co. Ltd Group, which is based in Hong Kong. Vax UK Ltd has its main headquarters and R&D centre located in the city centre of Birmingham, West Midlands and a service, warehouse and depot operation in the village of Hampton Lovett, near Droitwich, Worcestershire. Vax branded machines are manufactured in China. Vax employs over 400 staff across its Birmingham and Droitwich sites in the UK.