hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R-parity
R-parity is a concept in particle physics. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, baryon number and lepton number are no longer conserved by all of the renormalizable couplings in the theory. Since baryon number and lepton number conservation have been tested very precisely, these couplings need to be very small in order not to be in conflict with experimental data. R-parity is a  symmetry acting on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) fields that forbids these couplings and can be defined as

or, equivalently, as

where s is spin, B is baryon number, and L is lepton number. All Standard Model particles have R-parity of +1 while supersymmetric particles have R-parity of −1.

Note that there are different forms of parity with different effects and principles, one should not confuse this parity with any other parity.

Lepton number
In particle physics, lepton number (historically also called lepton charge)
is a conserved quantum number representing the difference between the number of leptons and the number of antileptons in an elementary particle reaction.
Lepton number is an additive quantum number, so its sum is preserved in interactions (as opposed to multiplicative quantum numbers such as parity, where the product is preserved instead). The lepton number  is defined by

where

is the number of leptons and

is the number of antileptons.

Lepton number was introduced in 1953 to explain the absence of reactions such as

ν + n → p + e−

in the Cowan–Reines neutrino experiment, which instead observed

ν + p → n + e+ .

This process, inverse beta decay, conserves lepton number, as the incoming antineutrino has lepton number −1, while the outgoing positron (antielectron) also has lepton number −1.
Borough of Castle Point
Castle Point is a local government district with borough status in south Essex, England, lying around 30 miles (48 km) east of London. The borough comprises the towns of South Benfleet, Hadleigh and Thundersley (where the council is based) on the mainland, and the adjoining Canvey Island in the Thames Estuary, which is connected to the mainland by bridges.

The borough borders the City of Southend-on-Sea to the east, Rochford District to the north, the Borough of Basildon to the west, and the Thurrock unitary authority area to the south-west, across Holehaven Creek.

Holehaven Creek
Holehaven Creek is a 272.9-hectare (674-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) between Canvey Island and Corringham in Essex.

The SSSI consists of Holehaven Creek itself and part of the adjoining East Haven Creek and Vange Creek. It is part of the Thames Estuary, and drains the surrounding marshes into the river. It has been designated an SSSI because its intertidal marshes and mudflats support nationally important (and sometimes internationally) numbers of wintering black-tailed godwits. Curlews and dunlins are also sometimes present in nationally significant numbers.

The channel up the creek is accessible to small boats, and the Thames Estuary Path runs along its eastern boundary.
Dalal Abdullatif
Dalal Abdulkarim Jamal Abdullatif (Arabic: دلال عبد الكريم جمال عبد اللطيف; born 17 September 1994) is a Saudi professional footballer who plays as a defender for saudi Women's Premier League club Al Qadsiah and the Saudi Arabia national team.

Al Qadsiah FC (women)
Al-Qadsiah Saudi Women's Football Club, commonly known as Al Qadsiah Ladies (Arabic: سيدات القادسية), is a Saudi professional women's football team based in Khobar that plays in the Saudi Women's Premier League, the top-level women's football league in Saudi Arabia, following promotion in the 2022–23 season.

It is the women's team of football club Al Qadsiah. They have finished second in the inaugural Saudi Women's Division 1 which led to their promotion to the Premier League for the 2023–24 season.
The Walking Dead (1995 film)
The Walking Dead is a 1995 war film written and directed by Preston A. Whitmore II and starring Allen Payne, Joe Morton and Eddie Griffin. The film depicts the lives of five Marines who are all assigned to rescue a group of POW during the Vietnam War in 1972. It opened to poor reviews and low box office receipts. Previews billed it as "the black experience in Vietnam".

The box-office gross was over $6,000,000.00.

Allen Payne
Allen Payne (born July 7, 1968) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Jason Alexander in the 1994 drama film Jason's Lyric, as well as his portrayal of C.J. Payne on the family sitcom Tyler Perry's House of Payne (2006–2012, 2020-present). Payne is also known for his portrayal of Lance Rodman on NBC's The Cosby Show during its final two seasons. On film, Payne also played Gerald "Gee Money" Wells in the 1991 film New Jack City, and Detective Justice in the 1995 film Vampire in Brooklyn.
Moroccan Caliphate
The Moroccan Caliphate or Maghrib Caliphate was an unrealized plan by the French government in 1915–1916, during World War I, to proclaim Sultan Yusef of Morocco as caliph. The purpose of the proposed caliphate was to ideologically control the Muslim population of the French colonial empire, especially in North Africa, and to counteract religious influence over this population by the Ottoman and British empires.

Yusef of Morocco
Moulay Yusef ben Hassan (Arabic: مولاي يوسف بن الحسن, romanized: Mawlāy Yūsuf ibn al-Ḥasan; c. 1881 – 17 November 1927) was the Alawi sultan of Morocco from 1912 to 1927. He was the son of Hassan I of Morocco, who was the son of Muhammad IV of Morocco.
Eumodicogryllus
Eumodicogryllus is a genus of crickets in the family Gryllidae and tribe Modicogryllini.  
Species in this genus are similar to - and were originally considered a subgenus of - Modicogryllus (Eumodicogryllus); they have been recorded from: Europe, northern Africa and temperate Asia.

Modicogryllus
Modicogryllus is the type genus of crickets in the tribe Modicogryllini.  
Species have been recorded from: Europe, Africa, the middle East, temperate and tropical Asia through to Australia and western Pacific islands.
Jin Hyuk
Jin Hyuk is a South Korean television director. He directed Brilliant Legacy (2009), City Hunter (2011), Prosecutor Princess (2010), Master's Sun (2013), Doctor Stranger (2014), and The Legend of the Blue Sea (2016).

City Hunter (2011 TV series)
City Hunter (Korean: 시티헌터) is a 2011 South Korean television series based on the Japanese manga series of the same name written and illustrated by Tsukasa Hojo, starring Lee Min-ho, Park Min-young, Lee Joon-hyuk, Kim Sang-joong, Kim Sang-ho, Hwang Sun-hee, Goo Hara, Chun Ho-jin, and Lee Kwang-soo. It premiered on May 25, 2011, on SBS and finished broadcasting on July 28, 2011. This show was successful in Europe and paved way for Lee Min-ho's popularity in Europe.
Adopt a Highway (film)
Adopt a Highway is a 2019 American drama film written and directed by Logan Marshall-Green in his directorial debut. It stars Ethan Hawke, Elaine Hendrix, Diane Gaeta, Betty Gabriel, Mo McRae, Chris Sullivan, Nate Mooney, Christopher Heyerdahl, Loni Love and Anne-Marie Johnson. Jason Blum produced the film through his Blumhouse Productions banner, and Adam Hendricks and Greg Gilreath produced the film through their Divide/Conquer banner.

It had its world premiere at South by Southwest, in Austin, Texas, United States, on March 10, 2019. The film was released on November 1, 2019, by RLJE Films.

Anne-Marie Johnson
Anne-Marie Johnson (born July 18, 1960) is an American actress and impressionist. She is best known for her roles as Lynn Williams on the NBC crime drama Hill Street Blues, Alieen Lewis on the sitcom Double Trouble also on NBC, Nadine Hudson-Thomas, Raj's wife on the What's Happening Now!!, a spinoff of What's Happening!!, Althea Tibbs on the NBC/CBS crime drama In the Heat of the Night, Alycia Barnett on Fox's Melrose Place, Sharon Upton Farley on the UPN sitcom Girlfriends., Liz Shelton on the TBS comedy-drama series, Tyler Perry's House of Payne and Dr. Patel on the soap opera Days of our Lives. She is also known as a cast member on Fox's In Living Color during its final season (1993–1994).
Malatesta IV Malatesta
Malatesta IV (or III) Malatesta (also known as Malatesta dei Sonetti; 1370 – 19 December 1429) was an Italian condottiero, poet and lord of Pesaro, Fossombrone, Gradara, Jesi, Narni and other fiefs in Italy.

Narni
Narni (Latin: Narnia) is an ancient hilltown and comune (municipality) of Umbria, in central Italy, with 19,252 inhabitants (2017). At an altitude of 240 metres (790 ft), it overhangs a narrow gorge of the River Nera in the province of Terni. It is very close to the geographical centre of Italy. There is a stone on the exact spot with a sign in multiple languages.
Tahquitz Falls
Tahquitz Falls is a waterfall on Tahquitz Creek in the west skirt of the city Palm Springs, in the U.S. state of California. The waterfall is located in lower Tahquitz Canyon, a short distance upstream from the visitor center. The name of the canyon and its waterfall is from the spirit Tahquitz, a Cahuilla native of the Agua Caliente folklore.

The river flows over a slab of granite atop the falls, after which it plunges about 60 feet (18 m) into a pool. The fall is split once by a protrusion on the face of the canyon wall. The Tahquitz Falls is in the boundaries included in the National Register of Historic Places.

Tahquitz Creek
Tahquitz Creek is a small stream in Riverside County, California. The stream originates near Saddle Junction on the east slope of Mt. San Jacinto, and works its way down the mountain towards Palm Springs, where it flows into Tahquitz Canyon. The stream forms a small waterfall at the end of the canyon, which can be accessed by a hiking trail maintained by the Agua Caliente Indian tribe as part of the reservation, on which the canyon lies. The stream is named for the mythical shaman Tahquitz, who, according to Cahuilla legend, was given powers by Mukat, the creator of all things. The creek runs down an oblongated drainage area of approximately 18 square miles ranging in elevation from over 10,500 feet (3,200 m) down to 350 feet (110 m) at Palm Springs.
The Lebanese Kitchen
The The Lebanese Kitchen is a 2012 cookbook of Lebanese cuisine by Salma Hage. It was published by Phaidon Press. It was reissued in 2019 as The Lebanese Cookbook.

The book also features recipes from Greg Malouf and Anissa Helou. The book has six different versions of the Lebanese national dish kibbeh and eight versions of hummus. It is more than 500 pages in length. The book is illustrated with photographs of rural Lebanon.

Hage immigrated to the United Kingdom from Lebanon aged 25. She was the eldest of 12 children. Her mother was 13 when she was born. She spent almost 30 years as a cleaner and cook at the Nelson Hospital in Wimbledon and various care homes in southwest London. Hage's son approached Phaidon Press with a mock-up of a book of Lebanese cuisine by her and invited publishing executives to dine at their home. They were immediately impressed, and the book was subsequently published.

Phaidon Press
Phaidon Press is a global publisher of books on art, architecture, design, fashion, photography, and popular culture, as well as cookbooks, children's books, and travel books. The company is based in London and New York City, with additional offices in Paris and Berlin. With over 1,500 titles in print, Phaidon books are sold in over 100 countries and are printed in English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Mandarin, and dozens of other languages. Since the publisher's founding in Vienna in 1923, Phaidon has sold almost 50 million books worldwide.
Megha Barsenge
Megha Barsenge is an Indian Hindi-language television drama series that aired from 6 August 2024 to 26 June 2025 on Colors TV. It is digitally available on JioHotstar. Produced by Saurabh Tewari under Parin Multimedia, it stars Neha Rana and Neil Bhatt. It is set in a Punjabi backdrop, taking place in Amritsar.

Colors TV
Colors TV India is an Indian general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, fantasy shows, romantic dramas, comedies, reality shows and crime shows.
Alexander Černý
Alexander Černý (born 21 May 1953) is a Czech politician. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic from 2002 to 2021 and a councilor of the Olomouc Region from 2000 to 2020. He is a member of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM).

Olomouc Region
Olomouc Region (Czech: Olomoucký kraj; German: Olmützer Region, pronounced [ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Polish: Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko). It is named for its capital Olomouc.

Olomouc region borders with the Moravian-Silesian Region (in the east), Zlín Region (in the south-east), South Moravian Region (in the south-west) and Pardubice Region (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104 km long border with Poland (in the north).
Spit cake
A spit cake is a European-styled cake made with layers of dough or batter deposited, one at a time, onto a tapered cylindrical rotating spit. The dough is baked by an open fire or a special oven, rotisserie-style. Generally, spit cakes are associated with celebrations such as weddings and Christmas. The spit can be dipped in a thin dough, or the dough can be poured or rolled on the spit.

This cake group may have originated in the classical era, around 400 BC, when similar large cakes were prepared on spits for Dionysiac feasts. In the Deipnosophistae, the Ancient Greek writer Athenaeus (c. 170 – c. 230) describes some of the bread, cakes, and pastries available in classical times. Among the breads mentioned are griddle cakes, honey-and-oil bread, mushroom-shaped loaves covered in poppy seeds, and the military specialty of rolls baked on a spit.

Rotisserie
Rotisserie, also known as spit-roasting, is a style of roasting where meat is skewered on a spit – a long, solid rod used to hold food while it is being cooked over a fire in a fireplace or over a campfire, or roasted in an oven. This method is generally used for cooking large joints of meat or entire animals, such as pigs, chickens or turkeys. The rotation cooks the meat evenly in its own juices and allows easy access for continuous basting.
Georgy Firtich
Georgy Ivanovich Firtich (Russian: Георгий Иванович Фиртич; 20 October 1938 – 27 January 2016) was a Soviet and Russian composer, jazz pianist, professor Herzen University. Honored Art Worker the Russian Federation.

Born in Pskov. He graduated from the School of Music by Rimsky-Korsakov (class composition) and Saint Petersburg Conservatory  (1962, class of Yuri Balkashin and Boris Arapov).

During his studies, he began performing as a pianist: school years with the performance of the classics and his own compositions, the school - as a jazz singer. At the undergraduate conservatory began writing for film (in this area has worked for almost 40 years). In 1962 he joined the Union  Composers of USSR. Since 1994, led by ACM (Association for Contemporary Music), the Union of Composers of St. Petersburg. He died on 27 January 2016 in St. Petersburg.

Boris Arapov
Boris Aleksandrovich Arapov (Russian: Бори́с Алекса́ндрович Ара́пов; 12 September 1905 in Saint Petersburg – 27 January 1992 in Saint Petersburg) was a Soviet and Russian composer. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1976).
The Phantom of 42nd Street
The Phantom of 42nd Street is a 1945 American mystery film directed by Albert Herman and starring Dave O'Brien, Kay Aldridge and Alan Mowbray. It was produced by the low-budget Poverty Row studio Producers Releasing Corporation. The film's sets were designed by the art director Paul Palmentola.

Dave O'Brien (actor)
Dave O'Brien (born David Poole Fronabarger; May 31, 1912 – November 8, 1969) was an American film actor, stunt man, film director, and Emmy awarded comedy writer. He was well known for his portrayal, in the 1942 serial films of the title character in Captain Midnight, performer and comedy writer in the Pete Smith Specialties and as one of Red Skelton's comedy writers.
Narong Kittikachorn
Narong Kittikachorn (ณรงค์ กิตติขจร, 21 October 1933 – 14 May 2024) was a former Thai politician. He was also the son of Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn, former Prime Minister of Thailand. Before entering politics he was a military commander with the rank of Commander in Chief. Narong Kittikachorn was also the son-in-law of Field Marshal Praphas Charusathien, a former army commander and senior minister.

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.
Georges Rasetti (painter, born 1851)
Georges Rasetti (15 January 1851 – 22 July 1938) was a French Post-Impressionist, Nabis inspired and Modernist painter and ceramicist who was born in Paris, France. Rasetti began by being a painter of genre and landscapes. In 1886, he married Céline Chaudet, sister of Georges Chaudet, painter, photographer and art dealer for Paul Gauguin. His son, Georges Estrel Rasetti, was also a painter and sculptor.

Rasetti produced ceramics in his workshop in Colombes, France. He practiced painting during his frequent stays in Brittany, France. His favorite subjects included historical figures, genre scenes, landscapes, seascapes and still-life paintings.

Paul Sérusier
Paul Sérusier (French: [seʁyzje]; 9 November 1864 – 7 October 1927) was a French painter who was a pioneer of abstract art and an inspiration for the avant-garde Nabis movement, Synthetism and Cloisonnism.
Friedrich Oberschelp
Friedrich Oberschelp (1895–1986) was a German music teacher and choral conductor. He founded the Bielefelder Kinderchor, a mixed children's choir in Bielefeld, in 1932 and led it until 1984, making recordings and touring internationally. He also founded Die Leineweber, a mixed choir formed by former members of the children's choir, in 1946, with a focus on German Volkslied. The children's choir became famous for its Christmas concerts and was internationally recognised.

Volkslied
Volkslied (literally: folk song) is a genre of popular songs in German which are traditionally sung. While many of them were first passed orally, several collections were published from the late 18th century. Later, some popular songs were also included in this classification.
(I Just Want It) To Be Over
"(I Just Want It) To Be Over" is a song by American singer Keyshia Cole. It was written by the singer along with Alicia Keys, Taniesha Smith, and Kerry "Krucial" Brothers for her debut album, The Way It Is (2005). Production on the song was helmed by the latter. Released by A&M Records on April 5, 2005 as the album's second single, "(I Just Want It) To Be Over" became a moderate success on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, peaking at number 30. It also reached number one on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as an extension to the Hot 100.

Kerry Brothers Jr.
Kerry Brothers Jr. (born October 1, 1970), also known as Krucial, is an American record producer, songwriter and rapper. Both natives of New York City, he and singer-songwriter Alicia Keys began a musical partnership in 1998, with songwriting and production work in tandem on several of the latter's earlier releases—Songs in A Minor (2001), The Diary of Alicia Keys (2003), As I Am (2007), and The Element of Freedom (2009). He has won two Grammy Awards: Best R&B Album for his contributions to Songs in A Minor, and Best R&B Song for Keys' 2007 single, "No One".

In 2006, Brothers released his debut extended play (EP) Take Da Hood Back. Brothers co-wrote songs that appeared on the soundtracks of films such as Dr. Dolittle, Shaft, and Ali. He has also worked with other R&B and hip hop acts, including Mario, Rakim, Angie Stone, Nas, Keyshia Cole, Goapele, Drake and K'naan.
University of Sucre
The Universidad de Sucre (Unisucre) is a public, departmental university located in Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia. The university has three campuses in the city.  The main one, known as the Puerta Roja is the home for most of the faculties and has the largest student population.  The second and smaller campus, known as Puerta Blanca, is home to the Faculty of Health Sciences and it's near the University Hospital of Sincelejo.  The third campus, known as Puerta Verde or the Granja Pericos is home to the Faculty of Agronomy Sciences and is in the outskirts of the city. The university offers education at undergraduate and postgraduate levels, with 16 academic programs across its five faculties.

Sucre Department
Sucre (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsukɾe]) is a department in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. The department ranks 27th by area, 10,670 km2 (4,120 sq mi) and it has a population of 904,863, ranking 20th of all the 32 departments of Colombia. Sucre is bordered by the Caribbean on the northwest; by Bolívar Department on the east and by Córdoba Department on the west.

Sucre was named in honor of the Independence hero Antonio José de Sucre who was quoted by the founders of this department in reference to Simón Bolívar's death as saying "They have killed my heart", expression said while cruising the territory of the present day Sucre Department.

As of 2009, the Sucre Department has an estimated population of 802,733, of which 234,886 are in the department capital Sincelejo, according to the DANE projections.
Mesolicaphrium
Mesolicaphrium is a genus of extinct litoptern from the late middle Miocene of southern Colombia. It was named in 2020 by Andrew McGrath and colleagues, for the species previously classified as Prolicaphrium sanalfonensis from the La Victoria and Villavieja Formations of the Honda Group, Colombia. The type species is M. sanalfonense, known from the jaw symphysis and two right mandibular rami, and teeth. Mesolicaphrium is derived from the similarity to the names Prolicaphrium and Neolicaphrium, and being in between both taxa in age. The taxon was recovered in a phylogenetic analysis as the sister taxon of Diplasiotherium, closely related to Olisanophus.

Diplasiotherium
Diplasiotherium is an extinct genus of litoptern belonging to the family Proterotheriidae, that lived between the late Miocene and the early Pliocene (in the SALMAs Huayquerian and Montehermosan). The fossils of this animal have been found in Argentina, in the Monte Hermoso Formation.

Diplasiotherium is distinguished from other proterotheriids by the crown of its molars, which were higher than in other related genera (protohypsodont), and by its larger body size; the species D. robustum reached approximately 395 kilograms (871 lb) in weight, making it the largest known proterotheriid.