hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matrix string theory
In physics, matrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework. Type IIA string theory can be shown to be equivalent to a maximally supersymmetric two-dimensional gauge theory, the gauge group of which is U(N) for a large value of N. This matrix string theory was first proposed by Luboš Motl in 1997 and later independently in a more complete paper by Robbert Dijkgraaf, Erik Verlinde, and Herman Verlinde. Another matrix string theory equivalent to Type IIB string theory was constructed in 1996 by Ishibashi, Kawai, Kitazawa and Tsuchiya.

Type II string theory
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings theories. Type II string theory accounts for two of the five consistent superstring theories in ten dimensions. Both theories have  extended supersymmetry which is maximal amount of supersymmetry — namely 32 supercharges — in ten dimensions. Both theories are based on oriented closed strings. On the worldsheet, they differ only in the choice of GSO projection. They were first discovered by Michael Green and John Henry Schwarz in 1982, with the terminology of type I and type II coined to classify the three string theories known at the time.
Riley McCormick
Riley Jacob McCormick (born August 25, 1991) is a Canadian diver. He placed 16th in the individual 10m platform event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He also placed 11th in the individual 10m platform event at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. He studied at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona and graduated law school from the University of Illinois-Chicago. He is 5 foot 10 and was born in Victoria, British Columbia.

Diving at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 metre platform
The men's 10 metre platform diving competition at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place on 10 and 11 August at the Aquatics Centre within the Olympic Park.

The gold medal was won by David Boudia from the United States. China's Qiu Bo won silver and Tom Daley of Great Britain took bronze.
Laura Rollins
Laura Rollins (born 20 December 1988) is a British actress, known for portraying the role of Ayesha Lee on the BBC soap opera Doctors, a role which she played from 2014 to 2020. For her portrayal of Ayesha, she received an accolade at the RTS Midlands Awards. Since leaving Doctors, Rollins has appeared in various television series including Innocent and Miss Scarlet and The Duke.

Royal Television Society
The Royal Television Society (RTS) is a British-based educational charity for the discussion, and analysis of television in all its forms, past, present, and future. It is the oldest television society in the world. It currently has fourteen regional and national centres in the UK, as well as a branch in the Republic of Ireland.
Long Island Medium
Long Island Medium is an American reality television series starring Theresa Caputo, a self-professed medium who claims she can communicate with the dead. Much of the program, which premiered on September 25, 2011, takes place in Hicksville, New York, though it often follows Caputo as she meets with clients in other areas.

Scientific skeptics say mediumship performances are a con, and Caputo's specific claims have been deemed fictitious by critics, including magician James Randi, Inside Edition, and Jezebel.

Inside Edition
Inside Edition is an American tabloid television program that is distributed in first-run syndication by CBS Media Ventures. Having premiered on January 9, 1989, it is the longest-running syndicated newsmagazine program not strictly focused on hard news. It does include some, but the rest of each day's edition mainly features a mix of infotainment stories, entertainment news and gossip, scandals, true-crime stories, and lifestyle features.

From 1995 to 2025, the program's weekday broadcasts were anchored by Deborah Norville. Since 2020, its weekend editions have been presented by Mary Calvi, who also anchored the daily show when Norville was unavailable; Eva Pilgrim was named as Norville's successor in July 2025 and debuted on August 18, 2025.
Julien Beaumer
Julien Beaumer (born May 12, 2006) is an American professional Motocross and Supercross racer. Beaumer has competed in the AMA Supercross and AMA Motocross Championships since 2023.

Beaumer took his first professional win during the 2025 AMA Supercross Championship, when he won the 250SX West class at the San Diego round.

Since turning professional, Beaumer has ridden for the Red Bull KTM Factory Racing team.

AMA Supercross Championship
The AMA Supercross Championship (commercially known as Monster Energy AMA Supercross) is an American motorcycle racing series. Founded by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) in 1974, the AMA Supercross Championship races are held from January through early May. Supercross is a variant of motocross which involves off-road motorcycles on a constructed dirt track consisting of steep jumps and obstacles; the tracks are usually constructed inside a sports stadium. The easy accessibility and comfort of these stadium venues helped supercross surpass off-road motocross as a spectator attraction in the United States by the late 1970s.

From 2002 until 2021, the series was the World Championship of the sport. After not renewing its contract with the FIM, the series, along with the AMA Motocross Championship, formed the SuperMotocross World Championship from 2023.
Tutak Rural District
Tutak Rural District (Persian: دهستان توتك) is in Isar District of Marvast County, Yazd province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Tutak, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 420 people in 118 households.

Isar District
Isar District (Persian: بخش ايثار) is in Marvast County, Yazd province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Korkhongan, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,488 in 404 households.
Foster's Group
Foster's Group Pty. Ltd. was an Australian beer group with interests in brewing and soft drinks, known for Foster's Lager, now called Carlton & United Breweries since the company was renamed in 2011. Foster's was founded in 1888 in Melbourne, Victoria by two American brothers, who sold the brewery a year later.

The company was renamed prior to sale to British-South African multinational SABMiller in 2011.  Foster's wine business was split into a separate company, Treasury Wine Estates, in May 2011. In October 2016 Anheuser-Busch InBev acquired SABMiller, which ceased trading as a corporation, making the Foster's Group a direct subsidiary of the parent company. In June 2020, Carlton and United Breweries was sold to the Japanese beverage giant, Asahi Group Holdings.

Foster's Lager
Foster's Lager is an internationally distributed brand of Australian lager.  It is owned by the Japanese brewing group Asahi Group Holdings, and is brewed under licence in a number of countries, including its biggest market, the UK, where the European rights to the brand are owned by Heineken International.

While Foster's is the largest-selling Australian beer brand in the world, it is not widely drunk in Australia and is relatively rare compared with other beers in Australia, particularly when compared to current Carlton & United Breweries beers such as Victoria Bitter and Carlton Draught.
Eileen Gleeson
Eileen Gleeson is an Irish association football manager who was most recently head coach of the Republic of Ireland women's team. She has also held the role of the Football Association of Ireland's (FAI) Head of Women and Girls Football, as well as being Assistant Coach to Vera Pauw with the Ireland women’s team. At club level, Gleeson has coached Glasgow City of the Scottish Women's Premier League and Women's National League (Ireland) sides UCD Waves and Peamount United, who she guided to the last 32 of the 2011–12 UEFA Women's Champions League.

Vera Pauw
Vera Pauw (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈveːraː ˈpʌu]; born 18 January 1963) is a Dutch football coach and former player who is the manager of the United Arab Emirates women's national team. She has managed several national women's football teams, including Ireland, Scotland, Netherlands, Russia and South Africa.
Linearized augmented-plane-wave method
The linearized augmented-plane-wave method (LAPW) is an implementation of Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) adapted to the simulation of a wide range of properties of periodic materials. It typically goes along with the treatment of both valence and core electrons on the same footing in the context of DFT and the treatment of the full potential and charge density without any shape approximation. This is often referred to as the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method (FLAPW). It employs a systematically extendable basis set and does not rely on the pseudopotential approximation. These features make it one of the most precise implementations of DFT, applicable to all crystalline materials, regardless of their chemical composition. It can be used as a reference for evaluating other approaches.

Core electron
Core electrons are the electrons in an atom that are not valence electrons and do not participate as directly in chemical bonding. The nucleus and the core electrons of an atom form the atomic core. Core electrons are tightly bound to the nucleus. Therefore, unlike valence electrons, core electrons play a secondary role in chemical bonding and reactions by screening the positive charge of the atomic nucleus from the valence electrons.

The number of valence electrons of an element can be determined by the periodic table group of the element (see valence electron):

For main-group elements, the number of valence electrons ranges from 1 to 8 (ns and np orbitals).

For transition metals, the number of valence electrons ranges from 3 to 12 (ns and (n−1)d orbitals).

For lanthanides and actinides, the number of valence electrons ranges from 3 to 16 (ns, (n−2)f and (n−1)d orbitals).

All other non-valence electrons for an atom of that element are considered core electrons.
George Albright (Florida politician)
George Albright is a Republican politician who has served as Marion County Tax Collector since 2005. Previously, Albright served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1986 to 2000, representing the 24th and 25th Districts, and unsuccessfully ran for the Florida Senate in 2000.

Florida Senate
The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.

The Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is held by an independent, and one seat is vacant.
Sikandar Ka Mandar
Sikandar Ka Mandar (Urdu: سکندر کا مندر transl. Temple of Sikandar) is an indie folk rock band from Karachi, Pakistan. Since its formation in 2010, the band members have been increasingly involved in the local indie music industry in Pakistan. They released their debut, self-titled album in 2013 and have since performed on multiple occasions across the country at festivals such as the Lahore Music Meet, Storm in a Teacup, I Am Karachi, and FACE Music Mela.

The official band line-up as of 2019 is:

Nadir Shahzad Khan (Main Vocals)

Ali Suhail (Backing Vocals, Lead guitar, Bass Guitar, Production)

Zahra Paracha (Backing Vocals, Rhythm guitar, Synth, Mandolin)

Daud Ramay (Drums)

Lahore Music Meet
Lahore Music Meet (LMM) is an annual two-day event in Lahore, Pakistan, dedicated to celebration and critique of the Music of Pakistan. LMM is a gathering of music enthusiasts, artists, people from the music industry and academics involved in music. The conference was founded by Natasha Noorani, Zahra Paracha, Noor Habib, Ayesha Haroon and Hasan Abbas.
Spain 12–1 Malta
On 21 December 1983, Spain played Malta in the last qualification match for UEFA Euro 1984. Needing a victory by no less than 11 goals to qualify, Spain won the match 12–1. The game is often described as one of the most important in the Spanish national team's history.

UEFA Euro 1984
The 1984 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in France from 12 to 27 June 1984. It was the seventh UEFA European Championship, a competition held every four years and endorsed by UEFA.

At the time, only eight countries took part in the final stage of the tournament, seven of which had to come through the qualifying stage. France qualified automatically as hosts of the event; in the tournament led by Michel Platini, who scored nine goals in France's all five matches, which is still the record for goals scored in a single tournament and until UEFA Euro 2020 was also the record for goals scored by a single player at all tournaments. Les Bleus won the championship – their first major international title.
Turabay ibn Qaraja
Turabay ibn Qaraja (ALA-LC: Ṭurābāy ibn Qarājǎ, and sometimes transliterated as Ṭarābāy ibn Qarājǎ) was the chieftain of the Banu Haritha tribesmen in northern Palestine and an Ottoman governor and tax farmer in the Marj Ibn Amer plain (Jezreel Valley). His career began under the Mamluks in the late 15th century and continued under the Ottomans who kept him in his post as commander of the roads connecting Damascus with Cairo and Jerusalem in 1516 and soon after appointed him governor of Safad. By 1538, he had been granted tax farms in Marj Ibn Amer, Qaqun and in the Ajlun region east of the Jordan River. Turabay's descendants, the Turabay dynasty, continued to hold influence in Marj Ibn Amer as the hereditary governors of Lajjun until 1677.

Ajloun
Ajloun (Arabic: عجلون, ‘Ajlūn or Ajlōn), also spelled Ajlun, is the capital town of the Ajloun Governorate, a hilly town in the north of Jordan, located 76 kilometers (around 47 miles) north west of Amman. It is noted for its impressive ruins of the 12th-century Ajloun Castle.
Avilla, Missouri
Avilla is a rural village in Jasper County, Missouri, United States. The population was 103 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. Avilla is the fourth-oldest settlement in Jasper County today, founded in 1856. It was platted and laid out for public use on July 23, 1858, by Andrew L. Love and David S. Holman.

Joplin, Missouri
Joplin is a city in Jasper and Newton counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. Most of the city lies in Jasper County, with the southern portion extending into Newton County. With a population of 51,762 at the 2020 census, Joplin is the 12th most-populous city in the state. The city covers an area of 38.21 square miles (99.0 km2) on the outer edge of the Ozark Mountains in southwestern Missouri. Joplin is the principal city of the three-county Joplin metropolitan area, which is home to 210,077 people and is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in Missouri. In May 2011, a violent EF5 tornado killed more than 150 people and destroyed one-third of the city.
Thrombus perviousness
Thrombus perviousness is an imaging biomarker which is used to estimate clot permeability from CT imaging. It reflects the ability of artery-occluding thrombi to let fluid seep into and through them. The more pervious a thrombus, the more fluid it lets through. Thrombus perviousness can be measured using radiological imaging routinely performed in the clinical management of acute ischemic stroke: CT scans without intravenous contrast (also called non-contrast CT, in short NCCT) combined with CT scans after intravenously administered contrast fluid (CT-angiography, in short CTA). Pervious thrombi may let more blood pass through to the ischemic brain tissue, and/or have a larger contact surface and histopathology more sensitive for thrombolytic medication. Thus, patients with pervious thrombi may have less brain tissue damage by stroke. The value of thrombus perviousness in acute ischemic stroke treatment is currently being researched.

Thrombolysis
Thrombolysis, also called fibrinolytic therapy, is the breakdown (lysis) of blood clots formed in blood vessels, using medication. It is used in ST elevation myocardial infarction, stroke, and in cases of severe venous thromboembolism (massive pulmonary embolism or extensive deep vein thrombosis).

Thrombolytic medications pose a risk of serious bleeding, and in some situations thrombolysis may therefore be unsuitable. Thrombolysis can also play an important part in reperfusion therapy in blocked arteries.
Bashar Momin
Bashar Momin (Urdu: بشر مومن) is a 2014 Pakistani television series directed by Ali Raza Usama, written by Zanjabeel Asim Shah, and produced by Asif Raza Mir and Babar Javed under the production company A&B Entertainment. It stars Faysal Qureshi, Sami Khan, Maheen Rizvi, Jinaan Hussain, and Ushna Shah as leads.

Bashar Momin is one of the most expensive dramas ever made in Pakistan. It has been categorized in several genres due to its themes of jealousy, love, hatred, romance, and suspense. The drama first aired on Geo Entertainment on 14 March 2014 and ended on 8 November 2014. Due to its popularity, it also aired in India on Zindagi under the title Aks.

Asif Raza Mir
Asif Raza Mir (Urdu: آصف رضا میر) is a Pakistani film and TV actor and producer.

He is known for his roles in TV plays Samundar (1983), Tanhaiyaan (1985) and Ishq Gumshuda (2010) and the films Daaman (1980), Badaltay Mausam (1980), and Maan Jao Na (2018).

In 2020, he made his international debut with the British crime-drama series Gangs of London.
Captain (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, the captain is the player designated by a team as the only person authorized to speak with the game officials regarding rule interpretations when the captain is on the ice. At most levels of play each team must designate one captain and a number of alternate captains (usually two or three) who speak to the officials when the captain is on the bench. Captains wear a "C" on their sweaters, while alternate captains wear an "A".

Officially captains have no other responsibility or authority, although they may, depending on the league or individual team, have various informal duties, such as participation in pre-game ceremonies or other events outside the game. As with most team sports that designate captains, the captain is usually a well-respected player and a team leader.

Official (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, an official is a person who has some responsibility for enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game. There are two categories of officials, on-ice officials, who are the referees and linesmen that enforce the rules during gameplay, and off-ice officials, who have an administrative role rather than an enforcement role.
Jean-Marc Ferreri
Jean-Marc Ferreri (born 26 December 1962) is a French former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He earned 37 caps and scored 3 goals for the France national team between 1982 and 1990. He took part in UEFA Euro 1984, where France won the title on home soil, and at the 1986 FIFA World Cup, where France finished third.

UEFA Euro 1984
The 1984 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in France from 12 to 27 June 1984. It was the seventh UEFA European Championship, a competition held every four years and endorsed by UEFA.

At the time, only eight countries took part in the final stage of the tournament, seven of which had to come through the qualifying stage. France qualified automatically as hosts of the event; in the tournament led by Michel Platini, who scored nine goals in France's all five matches, which is still the record for goals scored in a single tournament and until UEFA Euro 2020 was also the record for goals scored by a single player at all tournaments. Les Bleus won the championship – their first major international title.
Carbacid Investments
Carbacid Investments plc, is a manufacturing and investment company in Kenya, the largest economy in the East African Community.  The company manufactures and markets carbon dioxide gas for food processing, industrial use and medical use, as well as dry ice. It also tests and validates gas cylinders.

Carbacid Investments currently has a market share of above 65% in the regional carbon dioxide market. The shares of the company's stock are listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE), where they trade under the symbol CARB.

Nairobi Securities Exchange
The Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) was established  in 1954 as the Nairobi Stock Exchange, based in Nairobi the capital of Kenya. It was a voluntary association of stockbrokers in the European community registered under the Societies Act in British Kenya. The exchange had 66 listed companies in February 2021.
Mikael Fruelund
Mikael Fruelund (born 27 February 1980) is a Danish former handballer. He has previously played for rival league clubs Bjerringbro FH, Viborg HK and GOG Svendborg. He also had a spell at Spanish league side BM Altea.

During his youth career, Fruelund made several appearances for the Danish national youth handball teams.

He is the younger brother of former Danish women international Katrine Fruelund.

Herreligaen
The Herreligaen (men's league), formerly known as Herrehåndboldligaen (men's handball league), is the men's top Danish professional handball league. The winners of the Herreligaen are recognised as the Danish men's handball champions. The current champions are Aalborg Håndbold.
Fagopsis
Fagopsis is an extinct genus of beech relative in the family Fagaceae with two accepted species – Fagopsis longifolia and Fagopsis undulata. It has been found in fossil strata ranging in age between the Early Eocene to the Late Eocene or Early Oligocene in British Columbia, Colorado, Montana, and Washington.  Several other species were formerly placed in the genus, but later removed because of insufficient associated fossils.

Priabonian
The Priabonian is, in the ICS's geologic timescale, the latest age or the upper stage of the Eocene Epoch or Series. It spans the time between 37.71 and 33.9 Ma. The Priabonian is preceded by the Bartonian and is followed by the Rupelian, the lowest stage of the Oligocene.

Priabona, an extinct dipteran of Pipunculidae family, is named after Priabonian, the age of deposits from which this insect is known.
Holly Shimizu
Holly H. Shimizu is an American horticulturalist and writer. She is best known for her television appearances on The Victory Garden on PBS, and as the former executive director of the United States Botanic Garden.

United States Botanic Garden
The United States Botanic Garden (USBG) is a botanical garden on the grounds of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., near the James A. Garfield Monument.

The Botanic Garden is supervised by the Congress through the Architect of the Capitol, who is responsible for maintaining the grounds of the United States Capitol. The USBG is open every day of the year, including federal holidays. The garden is the oldest continually-operating botanic garden in the United States.